Методические указания по английскому языку для студентов 1 курса заочного обучения

МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ Ростовский Государственный университет

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ по английскому языку для студентов 1 курса заочного обучения

Ростов-на-Дону 2003

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Методические указания обсуждены и утверждены на заседании кафедры английского языка гуманитарных факультетов РГУ Протокол № 2

от 17 октября 2003 года

Составитель - ст. преп. Акопова А.С. Редактор - ст. преп. Тукодова М.М.

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Методическая записка Данное учебное пособие по грамматике предназначено для студентов 1 курса заочного отделения. Пособие ставит целью формирование грамматических конструкций, предусмотренных программой для 1 года обучения. Сюда входят такие разделы грамматики как видо-временные формы глагола в английском языке, типы вопросов, модальные глаголы, пассивный залог, артикли, местоимения. Косвенно закрепляется и другой грамматический материал, предназначенный для пассивного усвоения. Упражнения носят тренировочный предречевой характер. Так как заочная форма обучения предполагает большой объём самостоятельной работы, предложенная система упражнений помогает самостоятельно формировать навыки грамматически правильного оформления речи. Система упражнений построена по принципу нарастания трудности. Исходные упражнения носят трансформационный характер и выполняются по предложенной модели. Важно отметить, что лексическое наполнение предложений соответствует образовательному стандарту 1 курса. Это позволяет снимать дополнительные трудности и концентрировать внимание на формировании необходимого грамматического навыка. В то же время таким образом актуализируется лексика, предусмотренная программой. Данное пособие может быть также рекомендовано для студентов стационара и лиц, самостоятельно изучающих английский язык.

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GRAMMAR EXERCISES Ex. 1. Translate the sentences, paying attention to the articles. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Some students are in the classroom. The young men and women are students of an English college. The college is in London. The students have their lectures in the morning and sometimes in the evening. They have three lessons today. The first is a lecture on physics and the third is a class in English The first lecture was the most interesting.

Ex. 2. Explain the usage of the articles. Pattern: This is a note-book. It’s thick and black. The note-book is thick and black. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

This is a pen. It’s long and yellow. That is a desk. It’s big and old. This is an apple. It’s big and red. Those are armchairs. They’re small and cosy. These are magazines. They are old and interesting. This is a flat. It’s big and light. These are pencils. They're long and sharp.

Ex. 3. Insert articles where necessary. a) 1. He is ... father already. 2. They are ... orphans. 3. This man is ... distant relative of mine. 4. This woman is ... widow. 5. They are … husband and wife. 6. They are … brother and sister 7. Is your mother at home, Alec? - No, … mother is not at home. 8. Where is your uncle, Peter? - ... uncle is at the factory.9. ... mother is ... employer and ... father is ... doctor. 10. ... aunt, what is the short for ... Richard? It's … Dick 11. ... Petrovs, our neighbours are very nice people. They are six in ... family: … grandfather, ... grandmother, ... father, … mother, … son and ... daughter. 12. What is your cousin's profession? - My cousin is ... surgeon by … profession. 13. Are ... Smirnovs in ... Far East now ? - Yes, they are. They are in ... Khabarovsk. b) 1. I am going to explain … new rule to you. Please, take ... notes. Look at ... blackboard. Here are .examples. 2 What is ... English for "город"? ... English for "город" is "city". If this word is new to you, take ... dictionary, look up this word in ... dictionary and put down ... pronunciation and ... spelling of ... word in your note-books. Write down ... word in ... singular and in … plural. 3. We are studying ... English. It is not easy to learn … foreign language.4." ... Grammar is ... art of speaking, reading, writing … English language correctly.

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c) 1. Open ... book at ... page 20, please. 2. ... pupils are doing ... exercise. 3. Will you read ... paragraph 3, please? 4. Will you write... sentence 2, please? 5. They are in ... room 6. d) 1. I usually have ... breakfast at eight o'clock. 2. I like to have ... hot breakfast in ... mooning. 3. What do you usually have for ... breakfasf? I usually have .. eggs, bread, butter and tea for breakfast. It is … very substantial breakfast, isn't it? 4. ... breakfast today is very good. 5. I like to have ... dinner at home. 6. In summer we have ... very simple dinner at home 7. ... dinner is already cold, we must warm it up. 8. I have ... supper with my friend three times … week. 9. It is pleasant to play … chess in... evening after ... good supper. 10. ... dinner is over. 11. ... supper is ready. Ex. 4. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary. a) My watch is right. I set it by ... radio-time signal. Your watch is correct, too. It is telling ... right time. ... clock in ... living room is not right. It is three minutes slow. b) Twelve o'clock in ... daytime is ... noon, twelve o'clock at ... night is … midnight. When it is noon in ... Hague, it is ... midnight in the region of ... Chukotsk sea. When it is 4 o'clock in ... afternoon in ... Vladivostok it is 9 o'clock in ... morning in … Moscow. When it is 5 o'clock in ... afternoon in ... London it is ... noon in ... New Jork. When it is ... day in the European part of ... Russia, it is ... night in ... United States of ... America. c) 1. There are sixty minutes in ... hour. 2. There are sixty seconds in ... minute. 3. You must return this book in ... week. 4. It is ... quarter past eight. 5. You may take my magazines for ... month. 6. Will you give me ... hundred postcards, please? d) 1. ... Moscow is ... capital of ...Russia. 2. ... New York is... largest city of ... United States of America. 3. ... Hague is not ... capital of ... Holland. 4. ... Smiths live in ... centre of London. 5. ... water in ... Black Sea is very warm in summer. 6. I buy ... Morning Star four times ... month. 7. ... Volga flows through ... Tver. 8. ... St. Petersburg University is on ... Neva Embankment. 9. ... Paris is ... capital of ... France. 10. ... French live in ... France. 11. Big Ben is ... biggest clock in ... England. 12. ... English are proud of Big Веn. Ex. 5. Translate the sentences, paying attention to the pronouns. We have our English class here. She likes her new dress very much. Paul keeps his books in the book-case. I usually go to see my friends in the evening. They often take their children to this park. Do you help your parents? The film is interesting but I don't remember its title. Mary does her work well. Mr. Wilson is in his office. Ex. 6. Replace the underlined words by personal pronouns.

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1. John gives the book to Henry. 2. Tell the students the answer. 3. My sister and I have got a room of our own. 4. Alec and Mary are engineers by profession. 5. Jane buys a magazine for Granny. 6. Kate reads this story to Mary and me. 7. Tom has got no nephews or nieces. 8. His wife .is not in Leningrad now. 9. Peter brings flowers for your mother. 10. Send the letter to your parents. Ex. 7. Fill in the blanks with possessive pronouns. 1. I am a worker. ... name is Ivanov. 2. Ted is a schoolboy. ... marks are good. 3. Ann and Jane are engineers. ... sons are schoolboys. 4. Mary is very talented. ... work is really excellent. 5. We are engineers. … friends are engineers too. 6. "What are ... names ?" - “… name is Nick and ... is Jane." 7. Journalists were upset. ... time was over. 8. Peter gave me ... book because I lost ... one. Ex. 8. Insert the missing possessives. 1. Tell me, isn’t that ... girl-friend over there? Oh, no, she isn't …. friend, she is ... . 2. Don’t take this book. It is not ... book, it is ..… 3. My sister is at home. - And where is your sister? - ... is at the office. 4. Tell him not to forget ... ticket, ask Helen not to forget ... either. 5. Take ... English magazines and give me ... 6. Look at the cat, ... cat is so thick. 7. Isn't that ... composition? Yes, it is .... 8. Don't come, ... sister is ill. 9. Don't touch ...face. 10. ... answers are good. Ex. 9. Put the pronouns given in brackets in the form of the objective case. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

My friend sends (I) many letters. His brother knows (you) well. I often see (they) in the park. Don’t ask (he) about it. Do you know Latin? - No, I don't know (it) at all. Sometimes we meet (she) at the Browns. The teacher greets (we) every morning. (you) son studies together with (she), doesn't he? I have a wonderful family. I love (they) very much, and they love (I).

Ex. 10. Change the following statements according to the given pattern. Pattern: He is my friend He is a friend of mine 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Kate is his distant relative. Her uncle is in the Far East now. Let me introduce my cousin to you. Their great friend is a doctor. Our grandson is a first - year student at the University. Is Helen your niece?

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7. It is my habit to get up early. 8. It is his favourite expression. 9. 9. He is our colleague. 10. It is her idea. Ex. 11. Fill in the blank spaces with self -forms. I like to cook dinner Pattern: I'll cook it myself 1. Let him introduce ... . 2. Helen! Do this exercise ... and let Peter and Bob do it ... too. 3. Let’s translate these articles ... , they are not difficult at all. 4. Don't go out today. It is very cold. Let Kate buy a present for her friend ... 5. Children, dress ... It’s time to go for a walk. The weather is so beautiful. 6. Mother, let me take the books to the library … The library is just round the corner. 7. Go there ... . 8. They know it … . 9. Let me speak with the child. 10. Let her do her homework ... . Ex. 12. Insert demonstrative pronouns. Pattern: This book is new and that one is old. These books are new and those ones are old. 1. ... article is easy and … one is difficult. 2. Pass me ... magazines. Thank you. 3. ... boy is fond of music and his dream is to become a pianist. 4. Who is ... little girl at the window? 5. These books are mine and ... are yours. 6. Are ... men over there your friends? 7. ... flowers are beautiful, aren't they? 8. Leave ... two dictionaries on my table and take ... books on the table over there to the library. 9. ... picture is framed and ... one is not. 10. ... roof is red and ... one is green. Ex. 13. Fill in the missing relative pronouns. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

The magazine ... you have lent me is very interesting. The old man … lives next door has gone to Moscow. The garden ... is at the back of our house has a tennis court. Can you remember the person ... you have borrowed the newspaper from? The shop ... we buy our cakes at is shut. The girl ... works in the kiosk is my sister. The man ... is sitting at the desk is the secretary. Where is the shop ... sells picture - postcards? Shakespeare, ... is the world's greatest dramatist, was born in 1564.

Ex. 14. Translate the following sentences into Russian and explain the usage of pronouns some, any and no 1. 2. 3. 4.

Some children don't like to play. Please give me some chalk. Have you got any friends here? I haven't got any questions.

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5. I don't think we've got any time left. 6. Please take any magazine you like. 7. I haven't got any cakes, but I've got some biscuits. Ex. 15. Choose the necessary pronouns. 1. Do you learn (some, any) foreign languages? 2. Has your friend got (some, any) English magazines? 3. I didn't get (some, any) letters yesterday. 4. Please take (some, any) German book you like. 5. I don't think we've got (some, any) time today to discuss this question. 6. I don't see ( some, any) mistakes in this sentence. 7. I haven't (some, any) questions to you. 8. ... students prepare their classes here (some, any). Ex. 16. Translate into English. 1. Я прочитал его статью на прошлой неделе. 2. Погода была хорошая и дети попросили отвести их в парк. 3. Мой ребенок очень резвый. А ваш? - Мой тоже. 4. Это задание по химии, а то по математике. 5. Эти книги мы читали, а те нет. 6. Наш отец работает на заводе, а их в институте. 7. Дети сами убрали в квартире. 8. Мы сами не хотим беспокоить его. 9. Я не вижу никаких ошибок в этом предложении. 10. Сейчас слишком поздно что-нибудь сделать. 11. Этот человек никогда ничего не боится. Ех. 17. Do the exercise according to the pattern Pattern: a) I’m a doctor (My brother) My brother isn’t a doctor. b) They’re schoolboys (Their friends) Their friends aren't schoolboys 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Peter is a student (His younger sister) Mother is an engineer. (Father). My uncle is a teacher (His wife) We are students.(0ur friends) Paul's sister is a surgeon. (His cousin) Mary's mother is a housewife. (Her aunt) My grandfather is an architect. (My uncle) Kitty's sisters are actresses. (Her mother) We are First-year students. (Helen and John)

Ex. 18. Give negative answers Pattern: Is your brother a student? (an engineer) - No, he isn't. He is an engineer. 1. Is Mary an actress? (a secretary) 2. Are you an architect (an artist). 3. Are Paul and John schoolboys? (students). 4. Is your father a singer? (a teacher) 5. Is your aunt a librarian? (a nurse). 6. Is your uncle a teacher? (an actor) 7. Are your sisters dancers? (singers)

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Ex. 19. Do the exercise according to the pattern. Pattern: The children play in a large garden. The children have got a large garden to play. 1. She drinks from a nice little cup. 2. John keeps his book on a big shelf. 3. Granny sits in a very comfortable armchair. 4. They write letters on beautiful paper. 5. I cook meals on a gas range. 6. We listen to very good records. 7. He sleeps in a comfortable bed. Ex. 20. Give short answers. Pattern: Have you got any sisters and brothers? - Yes, I have. Do you often have a meal with them? - Yes, I do. 1. Have they got many English books in the original? Do they have any difficulty in reading them? 2. Have you got a large family? Do you always have breakfast together? 3. Have you got a water heater in your flat? Do you have a shower every morning? 4. Has he got a good collection of books? Does he have time to read them? 5. Have you got many flowers in the garden? Do you often have a walk round it in the evening? 6. Has Bill got a car? Does he sometimes have trouble with it? 7. Has your Institute got a camp at the seaside? Do the students have a good time there in summer? Ex. 21. Do the exercise according to the pattern. Pattern: I study at the University He/she studies at the University. 1. I pass exams successfully. 2. I study at the University. 3. I do English. 4. I do grammar exercises every day. 5. I speak English well. 6. I understand you. 7. I watch TV every evening. 8. I cook well. Ex. 22. Answer with 'yes' a) Pattern: - Do you live in Rostov ? - Yes, I do. 1. Do the students play tennis well? 2. Do the sisters dress so beautifully? 3. Do you often go to the theatre? 4. Do you ask John to dance? 5. Do you leave hospital in a fortnight? 6. Do you discuss this problem today? 7. Do they explain everything to us? b) Pattern: - Does a teacher teach? - Yes, he does.

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1. Does a pianist play the piano? 2. Does a painter paint pictures? 3. Does a singer sing songs? 4. Does a driver drive cars? 5. Does a reader read books? 6. Does a butcher sell meat? 7. Does a skier ski? Ex. 23. Ask alternative questions. Pattern: I go there on Tuesday (on Thursday). Do you go there on Tuesday or on Thursday? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

I watch the play on TV (at the theatre). Nick leaves for Moscow (for London). She plays the piano (the violin). You prefer coffee (tea). My watch is 5 minutes fast (slow). Your hobby is music (painting). It is warm at noon (cold). You are a first-year student (an undergraduate).

Ex. 24. Form special questions Pattern: The Scots live in that white house (who). Who lives in that what house? 1. They watch TV every evening (Who ... ?) 2. Students make mistakes in grammar (Who … ?) 3. We listen to the news in the evening (Who .... ?). 4. Mother generally cooks dinner in the evening (Who … ?) 5. They write letters on beautiful paper. (Who … ?) 6. She drinks from a little cup. (Who … ?) 7. The books are on the shelf. (What … ?). 8. The letters lie in his pocket (What … ?). 9. The Browns have dinner at five. (Who … ?) Ex. 25. Answer the following questions. Pattern: What do singers do? They sing. What does a teacher do? He teaches. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

What do the pianists do? What does a painter do? What do the drivers do? What does a singer do? What does a butcher do? What does a skier do? What does a reader do?

Ex. 26. Form special questions. Pattern: They prefer to go to the pictures. (Where…?) Where do they prefer to go?

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1. These men go to town every day. (How often…?). 2. Birds fly to the south in autumn. (When…?). 3. Mary does her work quickly. (How...?). 4. He usually spends his holidays on the Black Sea coast (Where....?). 5. She travels a lot in summer. (What…?). 6. We want to catch the six o'clock train. (What train...?). 7. Mother wakes up at 7 o'clock in the morning. (When ..?). 8. We always do History on Mondays (On what days...?) 9. I like that green hat best. (Which....?). 10. The book costs 20 dollars. (How much...?) Ex. 27. Make disjunctive questions. He loves music passionately. Pattern: He loves music passionately, doesn't he? 1. Lucy writes neatly. 2. Your brother plays the piano wonderfully. 3. I play tennis badly. 4. They like to get up early. 5. I translate into English slowly. 6. The sun doesn't shine brightly. 7. Mary doesn't know English history well. 8. She has got a sister in Moscow. 9. There are a lot of people at the stadium. 10. There isn't any sugar in the sugar-basin. Ex. 28. Use the verbs in their proper position. a) Pattern: I work here (often ) I often work here 1. He reads aloud (often ). 2. My friend stays at school after classes (always). 3. He sleeps in the open air ( never). 4. My friend works here (usually ). 5. This girl plays in the garden ( seldom). 6. She reads in the room ( sometimes ). 7. I go to the library to work (sometimes ). 8. They rest in the garden ( hardly ever). 9. I understand my teacher of English (always) . 10. She helps me with math (never). b) Pattern: He is busy (always). He is always busy. 1. My mother is at home (seldom). 2. Nick is late (often).

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3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

My mother is glad to receive guests (always). You are welcome to my house (always ). Your pupils are lazy (sometimes). My sister is wrong (frequently). Cartoons are interesting films (usually).

Ex. 29. Put the questions to the underlined words. 1. Our teacher always speaks English in class. ( 3 ) 2. We sometimes have English in the evening. ( 1 ) 3. My friends work at the Ministry of Foreign Trade. ( 3 ) 4. We often have dictations in class. ( 2 ) 5. They do a lot of exercises at home. ( 2 ) 6. He discusses a lot of questions at the office. ( 2 ) 7. His sisters work at a new factory. ( 3 ) 8. Our English lesson usually lasts two hours. ( 2 ) 9. He never sleeps in the open air. ( 2 ) 10. My mother is seldom at home. ( 3 ) Ex. 30. Give negative transforms of the following sentences. a) Pattern: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

He lives here. The boy plays the piano. He knows this word. He refuses to help us. The girl works in this room. John knows us. She works with me. He comes to see us. b) Pattern:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

He understands your question. He doesn't understand your question.

The students get excellent marks. The students don't get excellent marks.

The books arrive this week. The students spend many hours in the library. We sometimes explain grammar to him. I like this detective. My sisters work much. They play football in the yard. My parents work at a factory.

Ex. 31. Open the brackets. 1. He usually (to walk) home after work.

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2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

He ( not to work ) hard at his German. You often (to speak ) in class? Your sister often (to stay ) at the office after work ? Who often (to discuss ) plans with these engineers ? How well they (to know ) English ? The students (to revise ) the words at home or in class? They (to do) it at home. My parents (to be glad) to see you.

Ex. 32. Translate the following sentences into English. 1. Mы всегда рады видеть вас здесь. 2. По вторникам он обычно опаздывает. 3. Он иногда объясняет мне грамматику. 4. Студенты нашей группы часто обсуждают фильмы. 5. Он редко навещает нас. 6. Я всегда жду его здесь. 7. Она редко бывает в библиотеке, обычно она работает дома. 8. Еe оценки всегда хорошие. 9. Он иногда читает немецкие журналы. 10. Я обычно вечером дома, но иногда иду заниматься в библиотеку. Eх. 33. Read the joke. Reproduce it as close tо the text as possible using the Present Indefinite Tense. A Barking Dog Does not Bite “Sam”, says his father, “put on your cap and coat and let us go for a walk”. Sam is happy. He likes to go out with his father. He puts on his cap and coat and says: “Father, I am ready”. Sam and his father go out into the street. Suddenly they see a big black dog. The dog begins to bark. Sam is afraid of the dog. He wants to run home. His father says :Don’t be afraid, Sam. Don’t you know the proverb. “A barking dog does not bite”? “Oh, yes”, says Sam, “I know the proverb, you know the proverb but does the dog know the proverb”? Ex. 34. Transform the verb into the Past Indefinite Tense. a) Pattern: My cat likes fish. My cat liked fish. 1. It often snows here. 2. This seems quite easy. 3. He often listens to records. 4. He always lives in Paris. 5. We enjoy our vacations in Florida. 6. The teacher explains grammar in the class. 7. The girl likes her dog very much. 8. I play the piano rather well.

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b) Pattern: Classes begin at 8 o'clock. Classes began at 8 o'clock. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

I understand the text quite well. He is in my room. I find many good stories in this magazine. The students spend many hours in the library. He makes many mistakes in dictations. I am glad to meet my friends. We read a lot of books. We have got many magazines.

Ex. 35. Put general questions. Pattern: The concert lasted for two hours. Did the concert last for two hours? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

He dried his hands carefully. The students went to the club yesterday They understood the text very well She enjoyed the performance. He wanted to be a sailor. I met my friend at the theatre. I told my friends the news. She made a mistake.

Ex. 36. Make the sentences negative. Pattern: In summer she watched the sunrise. In summer she didn't watch the sunrise. 1. I saw Peter at the meeting. 2. The children stayed at home all the evening. 3. They spent the summer vacation in the Crimea. 4. I read that newspaper yesterday. 5. They had time to do it. 6. She sent her mother a telegram. 7. They watched TV last night. 8. Peter wanted to wait for a few minutes. 9. You left umbrella here. 10. Mr. Cook wrote newspaper reports. Ex. 37. Put the questions to the underlined words. 1. 2. 3. 4.

He was in Kiev last week. ( 3 ) My friend wrote to me very often last year. ( 4 ) They were at their office yesterday morning. ( 3 ) Our students read a lot of English books last year. ( 4 )

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5. He took his son out on Monday evening. ( 2 ) 6. Mr. Brown spoke to us about the plan yesterday. ( 4 ) 7. The students usually go home after classes. ( 3 ) Ex. 38. Make special questions. Pattern: He learned English at school (where?) Where did he learn English? 1. It rained heavily during the night (when?). 2. Ann spent her winter holidays in Kiev (where?). 3. We had supper at 8 o'clock (what time?). 4. He wrote three letters last night (how many?) 5. My sister read an interesting book yesterday (what?) 6. They took a plane, because it was faster than a train (why?) 7. I used Kate’s book (whose?). 8. They stayed in Moscow only for two days (how long?) 9. They travelled by sea (how?). 10. She understood the last question (who?). Ex. 39. Open the brackets. 1. Yesterday (to be) my day off. I usually (to wake up) early on my day off, but yesterday I (to get up) at ten o’clock. 2. “When you (to have) breakfast yesterday? I (to have) breakfast at nine in the morning”. 3. “When you last (to go) to the theatre”? “Two weeks ago”. 4. I usually (to go) to bed at eleven o’clock. Yesterday my friends (to come) to see me, and I (to go) to bed at one. 5. He (to live) in Paris for a long time and (to know) a lot about the city. 6. I got a package in the mail. When I (to open) it, I (to find) a surprise. 7. I (to call) Roger at nine last night, but he (to be, not) at home. He (to study) at the library. 8. Last January a child (to see) snow for the first time in his life. Ex. 40. Translate the sentences. 1. - Когда ваш инженер вернулся в Нью-Йорк? - Он вернулся в Нью-Йорк три дня тому назад. 2. - Кто уехал в Нью-Йорк на прошлой неделе? - М-р Смит. 3. Джон пошел к доске, написал предложение, прочитал его и вернулся к своему столу. 4. - Какое упражнение вы делали дома вчера? -Упражнение 20. 5. Поговорите об этом с м-ром Смитом. Он вчера приехал из Лондона. 6. - Что вы делали на уроке вчера?

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- Мы читали тексты и делали упражнения, говорили по-английски с нашим преподавателем и переводили предложения с русского языка на английский. 7. - Когда вы получили это письмо? - Вчера утром. Eх. 41. Transform the verb into the Future Indefinite Tense. Pattern: He works hard He will work hard. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

He reads a lot. She works hard. I am never late. I have tea in the morning. Mary thought about the play. It rained heavily in the evening. You are again on holiday. They brought their friends home.

Ex. 42. Make sentences negative and interrogative. Pattern: will not - won't shall not - shan't 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

It will snow in the morning. Не will become a good engineer. She will translate this article tomorrow. The manager will answer your question on Saturday. We shall review these rules in some days. This medicine will do her good. We shall return home the day after tomorrow. They will move to a new flat next week.

Ex. 43. Substitute “to be going to” for “shall” or “will” in the following sentences. Pattern: I shall cook dinner. I am going to cook dinner. 1. I shall learn the poem tomorrow. 2. They will grow apples in their garden. 3. You will open the box. 4. Her father will buy her a bicycle for her birthday. 5. She will play the piano for us. 6. I shall solve this problem tomorrow. 7. That will happen soon. Ex. 44. Answer the following questions. Pay attention to the use of the Present Indefinite Tense in the subordinate clauses of time and condition.

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Pattern: What will you do if he comes today? (to ask him to help me) If he comes today, I shall ask him to help me. (I'll) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

What will you do if you pass your exam? (to go to the cinema) What will she do when she finishes reading the text?(to translate it) What will you do if it doesn’t rain? (to go to the country) What will you do if he feels bad? (to send for a doctor) What will you do if you receive a letter? (to answer it) What will they do when summer comes? (to go to the seaside) What will the teacher do if you ask him a question? (to answer it)

Ex. 45. Translate the following sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Эта сумка тяжёлая. Я помогу тебе принести её. Мне нужны деньги. - Не беспокойся, я займу тебе. Что вы будете делать, если он не придёт? Он сделает это, когда вернётся. Холодно. Я закрою окно. Мы пойдем в кино, когда закончим работу. Я голодна. Я съем что-нибудь. Если я увижу его снова, я узнаю его.

Ех. 46. Transform sentences into the Present Continuous Tense. Pattern: He prepares his task every day. (now) He is preparing his task now. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

She often sits here (now). My father works here (now). My mother cooks dinner every day (now). It often rains here in autumn (now). The teacher answers his students questions at each lesson (at this moment). He always prepares his exercises (at present).

Ex. 47. Make the sentences interrogative. a) Pattern: They are still laughing. Are they still laughing? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

You are staying at that hotel. She is looking at the picture. My father is reading a newspaper. They are reviewing their homework. The boys are playing football. The teacher is explaining the Passive Voice. We are listening to music. b) Pattern: The ship is coming from Odessa (where?). Where is the ship coming from?

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

I’m looking at that car. (what?) She is listening to the bird. (what?) The bus is going to Yalta. (where?) We are thinking about the holidays. (who?) The boy is laughing at the dog’s tricks. (what?) The man is running after the train. (where?) He is pointing at the picture. (what?) c) Pattern:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

The delegation is arriving on Sunday morning. The delegation is arriving on Sunday morning, isn’t it? The teacher is explaining the new rule now. The students are taking exams. The doctor is consulting in this room. They are still working in the garden. We are planning to do it. Sam is writing a report.

Ex. 48. Complete the sentences using the Present Continuous Tense. Pattern : He never speaks, когда он работает. He never speaks while he is working. 1. My younger brother always moves his lips, когда читает. 2. We always consult a dictionary, когда переводим с английского. 3. My sister always smiles, когда танцует. 4. He is always silent, когда он обедает. 5. The students always listen, когда я объясняю новый материал. 6. Never interrupt other people, когда они разговаривают. 7. My mother never disturbs me, когда я работаю. 8. My young sister likes to laugh, когда я играю с ней. Ex. 49. Translate into English. Что сейчас делают ваши родственники? - А который сейчас час? - Семь часов. - Мой папа сейчас ведёт урок в вечерней школе, он учитель. Мама дома. Она готовит ужин и ждёт меня. Моя сестра помогает ей. Бабушка шьет сестре маскарадное платье (a fancy dress). Дедушка гуляет в саду с моей маленькой племянницей. Мой младший брат готовит уроки. Тётя с дядей в университете. У нас сейчас урок английского языка. Вот и всё, что я могу рассказать. Ех. 50. Use the correct tense. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

“Who usually (to do) his homework in this room”? “This student (to do)”. “Who (to do) his homework there now ?” “I (not to know)”. I (to live) near my office last year. I always (to walk) there. “How well your friend (to speak) English”? “He (to speak) English badly”. “What language you (to learn) five years ago”? “I (to learn) French”.

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6. “What language he (to learn) now”? “He (to learn) German”. 7. “How long your class usually (to last)”?. “It usually (to last) two hours”. 8. “How long your class (to last) on Wednesday morning”? “It only (to last) an hour”. 9. “Who you (to discuss) this question with last night”? I (to discuss) it with my friends”. 10. “Who you usually (to go) home with”. “I (to go) home with my friends”. 11. “How well he usually (to know) his lessons”. 12. I (not to work) at that office three years ago. 13. You (to work) there now? 14. “How long you (to stay) in Kiev last year”? “I (to stay) there a month”. “How long you (to be going) to stay there this year”? 15. “I (to be going) to stay there a month, too”? Ex. 51. Make the following sentences interrogative.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Pattern: I was sitting here, when he came. Were you sitting here, when he came? They were having dinner at half past two yesterday. She was hurrying to the theatre when 1 met her yesterday. His daughter was washing her dress when the door-bell rang. They were discussing their plans at 4 p.m. yesterday. Her son was painting a picture when she came home. He was looking through the newspaper when he saw that advertisement.

Ex. 52. Put the question to the underlined words. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

My son was having breakfast at that time yesterday. He was painting this picture at 3 p.m. yesterday. The boys were playing chess when we came in. She was speaking about Russian customs when they knocked at the door. My father was smoking when I entered the room.

Ex. 53. Make disjunctive questions. Pattern: He was smoking. He was smoking, wasn’t he? 1. You were going to tell him about it. 2. He was writing a novel during that summer. 3. We were reviewing grammar all day yesterday. 4. They were not waiting for the manager. 5. The teacher was explaining the rule. 6. Mother was cooking dinner. 7. Your parents were not speaking to you. Ex. 54. Translate the following sentences.

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1. Несколько студентов опоздали, так как играли в футбол во дворе. 2. С 4 до 5 утра вчера шёл дождь. 3. Он читал книгу, когда я пришел. 4. Я читал эту книгу в прошлом году. 5. Я звонила ему вчера, но его не оказалось дома. 6. Он смотрел телевизор, когда зазвонил телефон. 7. Когда она играла с детьми, ее брат поливал цветы. 8. Она писала, когда кто-то постучал в дверь. 9. Я ждал своего друга, когда зазвонил звонок. 10. Мы повторяли грамматику, когда зашел декан. 11. Мы обедали, когда зазвонил телефон. 12. Мой брат переводил доклад целый день. Ех. 55. Read the following stories and retell them, using the Continuous Tense where necessary. He was Practicing Too А hunter was on his way back to a camp when a big lion suddenly appeared not thirty steps away. The hunter waited until the lion was ready to jump, fired and missed. He thought that he was lost but then a miracle happened. The lion jumped too far and landed behind the hunter, who quickly ran into the camp. The next afternoon the hunter went into the yard to practice shooting. Suddenly he heard a strange noise outside the fence. He looked over and saw the lion who was practicing short jumps. He is Helping A master of a ship called down into the hold: “Who is there”? “William, sir,” was the answer. “What are you doing”. – “Nothing, sir”. “Is Tom there”? “Yes”, was the answer. “What is he doing”? “He is helping me, sir”. Ex. 56. Give interrogative transforms. Pattern: He will be dancing at 7 p.m. tomorrow. Will he be dancing at 7 p.m. tomorrow? 1. I’ll be working at my French at 12 o’clock tomorrow. 2. She’ll be making a report at this time tomorrow. 3. We’ll be watching TV tonight. 4. You’ll be waiting for me at 3 p.m. tomorrow. 5. My sister will be explaining this rule to me when you come. 6. She will be playing the piano at 9 p.m. tomorrow. 7. He will be working in the lab at the usual time tomorrow. 8. I shall be seeing her tomorrow. 9. She will be leaving for Kiev soon.

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Ex. 57. Give negative transforms. Pattern: They will be taking a French lesson at 5 p.m. tomorrow. They won’t be taking a French lesson at 5 p.m. tomorrow. 1. They will be learning next week. 2. We shall be watching TV when you come. 3. I shall be playing the piano at this time tomorrow. 4. They will be playing hockey at 5 o’clock tomorrow. 5. You will be writing a dictation at 2 o'clock tomorrow. 6. I shall be speaking over the phone when you come to me. Ex. 58. Translate into English. 1. Что вы будете делать, когда он придёт? 2. Она всё ещё будет читать, когда вы прийдете. 3. Я буду играть на пианино весь вечер. 4. Как долго вы пробудете у вашей тёти? 5. Вы будете делать доклад в это время завтра. 6. Завтра в это время мы будем провожать его на вокзал. 7. Вы всё ещё будете смотреть телевизор, когда я вам позвоню? 8. Мы не будем смотреть телевизор завтра в это время. 9. Завтра мы будем работать в лаборатории как обычно. Ех. 59. Change the following sentences into the Present Perfect Tense. Pattern: I read the book I have read the book. (I've read this book). 1. He saw this film 2. She wrote a new book. 3. He answered my question. 4. Mr. Smith spoke to me about it. 5. I heard about the play. 6. She made two mistakes in her dictation. 7. They went to the theatre tonight. 8. We read a play by Shakespeare. 9. You left your book at home. 10. John gave us the tickets. Ex. 60. Transform the sentences into general questions. Pattern: Jane has seen this film. (Jane’s seen this film) Has Jane seen this film? 1. Mother has told me to answer the letter. 2. I’ve enjoyed the performance. 3. This painter has lived in Paris for a long time. 4. Granny has prepared the dinner. 5. He’s written a letter to his parents.

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6. 7. 8. 9.

They’ve seen this film. You’ve written this exercise. She’s finished her work. You’ve received some letters from him this week.

Ex. 61. Give negative answers. Pattern:

Has mother told you to answer this question? No, she hasn't.

1. Have you enjoyed the performance? 2. Has this painter lived in Paris for a long time? 3. Has granny prepared the dinner? 4. Has he written a letter to his parents? 5. Have they seen this film? 6. Has the manager signed this document? 7. Have you written the exercise? Ex. 62. Put questions to the underlined words. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

They’ve never been to any foreign countries. (2). We’ve already seen this new film.(3). His friend has translated two English books into Russian. (3). They’ve never lived here. (2). They’ve sent us several telegrams lately (4).

Ex. 63. Use the Present Perfect and the Past Simple. 1. “You (to see) the new picture by Picasso”? “Yes”. “How you (to like) it”? “I like it very much”. 2. “You ever (to be) to Leningrad”? “Yes, I (to go) there last winter”. 3. “Is Father at home”? “No, he (not to come) yet”. 4. I just (to finish) work and (to read) a book now. 5. “Where is you son”? “He (not to come) home from school yet”. “I think he still (to play) football”. 6. “When your children (to come) back to town”? “They (not to come) back yet”. 7. You (to do) the translation already? You only (to begin) it 20 minutes ago. 8. “You (to finish) the work yet? Can I have a look at it?” “Certainly. I (to finish) it an hour ago”. 9. “I just (to have) breakfast, and (to read) the paper.” I (to answer). You (to get up) so late?” He (to say) and (to ask) me to come to his place at once. 10. “When you (to come) to Moscow”? “A week ago”. Ex. 64. Translate into English. 1. Вы написали письмо своему другу? 2. Отдыхали ли вы когда-нибудь весной? 3. Мы еще не видели картин этого художника.4. Я уже видела этот фильм. 5. Что-то случилось с этим мальчиком? 6. Что вы приготовили на сегодня? 7. На какие вопросы вы уже ответили? 8. Они решили много важных проблем. 9. У нас было много трудностей, но мы преодолели их. 10. Мы уже перевели этот текст. Ех. 65. Translate the sentences according to the time signal.

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Я написал письмо (today) (yesterday). Я видел его (last month) (just). Вы проделали большую работу (this week, last week). Ваш друг был в Лондоне (this year, last year). Были ли вы в Ленинграде?(this month, last month).

Ex. 66. Translate the sentences into Russian. 1. He’d already consulted the doctor by that time. 2. You’d called on my people before I asked you to. 3. By that time you had already written the letter. 4. We’d repeated everything by the first of May. 5. I big crowd had gathered by that time. Ex. 67. Do like this. Pattern: Mary learned French. She came to France. Mary had learned French before she came to France. 1. She studied Spanish. She came to Madrid. 2. We got to the theatre. The performance began. 3. We got home. It began to rain. 4. We finished our homework. We switched on the TV. 5. We discussed the film. My brother came home. 6. I translated the article. There came a knock at the door. 7. I finished my work. You asked me about it. Ex. 68. Use the Past Indefinite or the Past Perfect. 1. I (to translate) two pages yesterday. 2. By the end of the week they (to translate) the first part of the book. 3. When they (to enter) the theatre the play (to begin). 4. Though he (to learn) the language only for a year he (to show) good knowledge. 5. When you (to receive) a letter from her last? 6. When I (to phone) them they (not to be) ready yet. 7. We (to find) nobody in the house when we (to come) but we (to have) a feeling that somebody (to be) there before. 8. When John (to come) home the family (to have) their dinner, so he (to go) to the kitchen and (to make) himself a cup of tea. 9. The lady (to open) the door only after I (to tell) her who I (to be) and what I (to want). 10. He (to live) in Paris for a long time and (to know) a lot about the city. Ex. 69. Use the Present Perfect or the Past Perfect. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

She (to learn) English for five years before entering the institute. You (to learn) English before ? I (not to read) any books by this author. What a pleasure it was to see him again. We (not to meet) since childhood. What (to happen) ? You look pale. How long they (to be) engaged before they married? We (to write) two compositions this month.

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8. Try not to be absent from class. You (to miss) too many classes. 9. The police (to look) for the criminal for two years before they caught him. Ex. 70. Translate into English. 1. Мы уже закончили свою работу, когда пришёл мой отец. 2. Так как я пропустил лекцию, я попросил его объяснить мне это правило. 3. Она выучила стихотворение к трём часам. 4. Мы не перевели статью к пяти часам. 5. Дети ещё не легли спать, когда пришли родители. 6. Не успел он приехать, как получил телеграмму. 7. Я вспомнил номер телефона, когда вышел из дома. Ex. 71. Explain the usage of the Future Perfect Tense. Translate into Russian. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

I’ll have read the book by this time tomorrow. She’ll have given the final answer before he returns. We shall have left Moscow by 5 o’clock tomorrow. I shall have returned the book to the library by 2 p.m. tomorrow. By the end of this term we shall have learnt many new words. If you come at 3 o’clock I shall have copied this article. You'll have translated this article by 5 o’clock.

Ex. 72. Translate the following sentences. 1. Диана не может подойти к телефону, потому что она моет голову. 2. Я не хочу идти в зоопарк сегодня, потому что идёт дождь. То же было вчера. Я не хотел идти в зоопарк, потомy что шёл дождь. 3. Сколько занятий вы пропустили с начала семестра? 4. Я позвоню вам после того, как получу письмо. 5. Я почувствовала себя лучше после того, как я приняла лекарство. 6. Вы переведёте все предложения, прежде чем прозвонит звонок. 7. К тому времени, когда вы приедете, она даст окончательный ответ. 8. Джек вдруг осознал, что учитель задаёт ему вопрос. Но он не мог ответить, потому что не слушал. 9. Я ещё не написала ей письмо, но я напишу до его прихода. Ex. 73. Translate the following sentences into Russian. 1. I have been waiting for you for more than an hour. 2. She has been reading for 20 minutes. 3. I have been writing these sentences for an hour. 4. My friend has been learning French for three years. 5. They have been discussing the plan of the work since morning. 6. My younger sister has been sleeping for 3 hours. 7. He has been suffering from toothache all day long. Ex. 74. Join two sentences into one introducing the necessary changes. Pattern: My brother began to do this exercise 20 minutes ago. He is still doing it. My brother has been doing this exercise for 20 minutes.

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

The teacher began to explain this rule 15 minutes ago. He is still explaining it. It began to snow 3 hours ago. It is still snowing. I began to write a composition an hour ago. I am still writing it. We began to talk 2 hours ago. We are still talking. The doctor began to examine the patients an hours ago. He is still examining them. 6. I began to study English 2 years ago. I am still studying it. 7. Those boys played football an hour ago. They are still playing it. Ex. 75. Translate English sentences into Russian. 1. She had been studying English for 2 years by that time. 2. We had been living in Kiev for 5 years before my brother arrived. 3. I had been copying this article for 20 minutes before the professor came. 4. It had been raining for several hours before children returned. 5. We had been waiting for several days before he answered the questions. 6. He had been playing the piano for half an hour before the spectators applauded. 7. My daughter will have been skating for 3 years when competitions begin. 8. We shall have been discussing the problem for some period when you join us. 9. My friend had been serving in the Army for two years before he came to work at the factory. Ex. 76. Translate into English. 1. Уже 2 часа идет дождь. 2. Они собирают грибы уже 3 часа. 3. Я устала, так как шла очень быстро. 4. Я изучаю английский язык с 1995 года. 5. К тому времени она говорила по телефону уже полчаса. 6. У нее красные глаза. Она плакала. 7. Я занимаюсь в университете уже 2 года. 8. Он искал журнал уже 20 минут, когда пришел отец. Ex. 77. Retell the following story. A wealthy gentleman, both elderly and deaf, bought his first hearing aid. Two weeks later he was talking with his minister and told how much it had improved his hearing. “That’s fine”, said the minister. “Your friends and relatives must be delighted that you can hear better”. “Oh, they don’t know it”, laughed the old man. “I’ve just been sitting around and revising my will”. Ex. 78. Use indirect speech. a) He said: 1. “I hope to pass the examination”. 2. “The teacher is listening to us”.

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3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

“I have been to New York”. “I made no mistakes in the last dictation”. “I have read many English books”. “My brother goes to bed early”. “There are three main systems of control of education in the USA”. b) She asked: 1. “What is the capital of the United states”? 2. “Who are you writing a letter to”? 3. “When are you going to have dinner”? 4. “Do you come to school by bus or by foot”? 5. “Have you got a dictionary”? 6. “Will he return on Monday”? 7. “What do you know about the country”? 8. “Shall we begin the concert if they don’t come”? c) They ordered: 1. “Do it immediately”! 2. “Give me your dictionary”! 3. “Learn the poem by heart”! 4. “Don’t speak loudly”! 5. “Don’t go out without your coat”! Ex. 79. Make the following sentences interrogative. Pattern: He can finish the work today. Can he finish the work today? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

My brother can speak English. She can do everything you do. We can hear her singing in the next room. The travellers can see the house behind the trees. Mary can wear her mother's shoes. You can reach the station in half an hour. The teacher can show us how to do it. We can get this book at the library. Nobody can help us.

Ex. 80. Make the following sentences negative. Pattern: He can translate it himself. He can't translate it himself. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

We can understand German. I can imagine her teaching children. The students can be there by five. Helen can hear the speaker. He can do me a favour.

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6. He can write to me. Ex. 81. Use the sentences in the past. Pattern: Can – could. Can’t – couldn’t. 1. She can translate these English texts. 2. I can’t finish the work in time. 3. The teacher can't give you this book. 4. Can you see this picture at the exhibition? 5. Nobody can do it better. 6. I can't believe my eyes. 7. They can easily get to the University in half an hour. 8. We can watch them playing football. 9. I cannot understand what it means. Ex. 82. Refer the sentences to the future. Pattern: I can play the piano very well. I shall be able to play the piano very well. (I'll be able) 1. Everybody can do this work. 2. He can write to me. 3. We can see the performance tonight. 4. I can't buy this book. I haven’t got enough money about me. 5. Who of your students can take part in the concert? 6. Can you go to the South in summer? 7. I am sure he can make a good report. 8. When can they go anywhere for a holiday? Ex. 83. Add question-tags to the following sentences. 1. I can help you. 2. She can read French. 3. If necessary, my brother could speak English. 4. She could play tennis in her youth. 5. Now they can hear us. 6. They couldn't see this picture last year. 7. Your sister can’t speak English. 8. You couldn't change the time of the meeting. Ex. 84. Translate into Russian. Pattern: a) Can it be true? Неужели это правда? b) I can't have lost the ticket. He может быть, чтобы я потерял билет. 1.Can it be Peter? 2. Can he know English well? 3. He can’t have read this book in two days. 4. They can’t have arrived. I received the telegram only yesterday. 5. Can she have deceived me? I can’t believe it. 6. Can she still be speaking to the dean? 7. She can’t have left the letter unanswered. Ex. 85. Translate the following sentences into English. 1. Вы можете помочь мне? 2. Чем я могу быть вам полезен? 3. Вы сможете принять участие в предстоящих соревнованиях? 4. Я знал, что он сможет сделать эту работу. 5. Я не смог пойти домой, т.к. шёл дождь. 6. Кто из ваших студентов сможет работать переводчиком? 7. Он не мог пригласить так много людей.

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8. Один из моих друзей может играть в шахматы. 9. Моя сестра умела говорить по-английски еще когда была ребенком.10. Они ничего не могут обещать. Ex. 86. Make sentences asking permission. Pattern: (to go out?) May I go out? 1. To come in. 2. To pour out the tea. 3. To go with us. 4. To have a cigarette. 5. To have another helping. 6. To ask you to do me a favour. Ex. 87. Change the following sentences so as to deny permission. Pattern: You may go out now. You mustn't go out now. 1. You may smoke here. 2. He may see his sister now. 3. She may switch on the radio. 4. He may look through his composition. 5. Children may see the film. 6. He may come in. Ex. 88. Use "to be allowed to" instead of "may" Pattern: He may be present at the lesson. He is allowed to be present at the lesson. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

He may switch on the radio. We may have our meeting in this room. I may see a sister. He may leave the office half an hour earlier today. We may pick the fruit off that tree. I may point out the finest pictures to you. They may stay here.

Ex. 89. Translate the second part of each sentence. Pattern: He said что мы можем идти. He said that we might go. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

The teacher said что мы можем перевести этот текст завтра. My father said что мне можно читать эту книгу. He said, что мальчик может поговорит с ними. Helen asked можно ли ей повидать их сегодня. I asked the teacher можно ли мне войти. He knew что ему можно принять участие в экскурсии.

Ex. 90. Make the following sentences negative and interrogative. 1. He must go there at once. 2. You must wait for them. 3. You must read this book. 4. They must prepare their lessons now. 5. We must let him know about it. 6. I must help them.

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Ex. 91. Refer the following sentences to the past, using the verb "to have to". Pattern: He must do it today. He had to do it yesterday. 1. He must learn all the new words from the text. 2. They must translate the article. 3. Must he spend summer here? 4. Must you speak to him? 5. He mustn't go anywhere. 6. Must they visit him? 7. We mustn’t break the news to Eliza. Ex. 92. Refer the sentences to the past, using the verb "to be to". Pattern: He must be there at 5 o'clock. He was to be there at 5 o'clock. 1. You must learn the poem by Monday. 2. He must wait for me near the metro station. 3. They must visit him. He is ill. 4. The students must come to the meeting. 5. We must take the children to the station. 6. Must we show the place to her? 7. Who must make the report? 8. Now look here. I must be off. Ex. 93. Refer the following sentences to the future. 1. He must send them a telegram. 2.1 must go shopping. 3. It looks like rain. He must put on a raincoat. 4.1 don't think they must leave the question open. 5. Must we leave it to him? 6. I am sorry but I must get rid of it. Ex. 94. Translate into English. 1. Вы должны пойти в библиотеку сейчас. 2. В этом семестре студенты должны прочесть 300 страниц в оригинале. 3. Вы должны поторопиться. 4. Шёл дождь, и ей пришлось взять зонтик. 5. Секретарь сказала, что группа должна быть в зале в 2 часа. 6. Доклад должен быть тщательно подготовлен. 7. Ребёнок не должен никуда идти. 8. Я думаю, они должны оставить вопрос открытым. Ex. 95. Change the sentences into the Present Indefinite Passive. Pattern:

People always admire such pictures Such pictures are always admired. 1. Mary helps mother. 2. The teacher answers questions. 3. One uses milk for making butter and cheese. 4. One praises a student when he works hard. 5. Tom opens the door. 6. We translate the text into English. Pattern:

The students write the dictation. The dictation is written by the students. 1. People speak English all over the world. 2. They make progress every day in the world of science. 3. They sell apples by the kilo. 4. She takes her little daughter to the kindergarten every day. 5. They speak English in Great Britain. 6. The grocer sells eggs. 7. The students make no mistakes in their dictations. Ex. 96. Answer the questions using the words suggested.

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Pattern:

Where are all these magazines sent to? (abroad) They are sent abroad. 1. Where’s English spoken? (all over the world). 2. When is radio news listened to in your family? (every night). 3. Where are Oriental languages taught? (at the University). 4. Where are meals cooked? (in the kitchen). 5. When are exams taken? (at the end of each term). 6. When is television watched by children? (during the children's hour). 7. Where is milk kept cool in summer (in the fridge). 8. Where are books sold? (at the bookstalls). Ex. 97. Answer the questions using a passive construction. Pattern: Is this a brick house? Yes, this house is made of bricks. 1. Is this a gold ring? 2. Are these silver spoons? 3. Is this a leather belt? 4. Are these silk ties? 5. Are these nylon shirts? 6. Is this a crystal vase? 7. Are these fur caps? Ex. 98. Put the sentences into the Past Indefinite Passive. Pattern: They built that bridge last year. That bridge was built last year. 1. He hurt his leg in an accident. 2. I left the spade in the garden. 3. They gave a party in his honour. 4. Somebody left the light for the whole night. 5. She washed the floor only this morning. 6. They sent letters of thanks to all their friends. 7. We ate up all the cakes yesterday. 8. People formerly used the Tower of London as a prison. Ex. 99. Answer the questions according to the given pattern. Pattern: Did you send for the doctor yesterday? Yes, he was sent for. 1. Did they look into the matter? 2. Did they lose sight of the boat? 3. Did he turn down your offer? 4. Did they take care of little Tom? 5. Did he speak about the trip last night? 6. Did they make fun of her? 7. Did they arrive at a definite conclusion? 8. Did he rely on this information? 9. Did she laugh at him? Ex. 100. Change into the Passive Voice. Use" by" where appropriate. Pattern: Beethoven composed this piece. This piece was composed by Beethoven. 1. Keats wrote this poem. 2. I wrote this letter. 3. They did nothing until he came. 4. The orchestra played that piece beautifully. 5. The fire destroyed many valuable paintings. 6. Lions attacked the travellers. 7. Did the noise frighten you? 8. Her beauty struck me deeply.

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Ex. 101. Put the sentences into the Future Indefinite Passive. Pattern: This news will hurt him badly. He will be badly hurt by this news. 1. Ben will look after the dog well. 2. They will hold a dance in the village. 3. Ann will teach Richard to dance. 4. We shall make the room comfortable for you. 5. I shall serve both tea and coffee. 6. People will enjoy this film all over the world. 7. Someone will meet the visitors at the station. Ex. 102. Answer the questions using the given suggestions. Pattern: When will the new play be staged? (next month) It will be staged next month. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

When will the lecture on Byron be read? (next Monday) When will the birthday cake be baked? (tomorrow) When will the dinner be cooked? (in the morning) When will the mail be brought? (soon) Where will he be sent to? (to Moscow) Where will the parcel be brought? (to the office)

Ex. 103. Give Russian equivalents to the following proverbs. 1. What is done cannot be undone. 2. A tree is known by its fruit. 3. Rome was not built in a day. Ex. 104. Give passive transforms of the following sentences using the tense according to the time signal. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

They sent for the doctor in the evening. (tomorrow morning) The teacher will explain this rule tomorrow. (yesterday) They publish many books in Moscow annually. (next year) They will build the bridge next year. (two years ago) We translated many similar articles last term. (next term) They published very interesting articles in this magazine. (regularly) The president of the committee will sign the agreement. (yesterday) The student makes many mistakes in his answers. (at the last lesson)

Ex. 105. Translate the following questions into English. 1. Когда ответят на письмо? 2. Кто послал за доктором? З. Что ей обещали? 4. Ведь ее приглашали в театр? 5. Когда за ними пошлют? 6. Эта книга продаётся только здесь или везде? 7. Когда будет достигнуто соглашение? Ex. 106. Translate the following sentences. Use the proper tense and voice. 1. В санаториях дети окружены заботой.

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2. 3. 4. 5.

Мне больше ничего не сказали, мне только показали эту статью. Если не пошлют за такси, мы опоздаем на поезд. Через месяц ему предложат какую-нибудь интересную работу. Студентам нашей группы предложили читать английские книги в оригинале. 6. На митинге будут присутствовать многие делегации. 7. Это событие комментируется в сегодняшних газетах. Ex. 107. Listen to the following story. Retell it, using the proper tense and voice. The Sympathetic Landlord A big fat man called at the rectory, and when the door was opened, asked to see the rector's wife, a woman well known for her charity. "Madam", he said in a sad voice. "I wish to draw your attention to a poor family in our street. The father is dead, the mother is too ill to work, and the nine children are starving. They will be turned into the street unless somebody pays their rent for them. It's about ten or twelve pounds." "How terrible" exclaimed the woman. “May I ask who you are”? The sympathetic visitor put his handkerchief to his eyes. "I'm the landlord", he sobbed. Ex. 108 Translate the following sentences. Transform them into general and disjunctive questions. Pattern: A new library is being built in our district. Is a new library being built in our district? A new library is being built in our district, isn’t it? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Tom is being examined now. The letter was being written, when she entered the room. This article is being translated now. The doctor was being sent for when our mother returned. They are being shown a new film now. An interesting report is being made now. Your friend was being asked by the teacher when the bell rang.

Ex. l09. Transform the following sentences into the Passive Voice. a) Pattern: She is teaching my daughter French now. My daughter is being taught French now. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

She is typing the letter at the moment. Father is repairing the TV - set. The professor is examining my friend now. My mother is cooking dinner now. We are discussing these questions now.

b) Pattern:

My brother was repairing the radio-set in the evening.

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The radio-set was being repaired in the evening. 1. 2. 3. 4.

He was making a report at 7 p. m. yesterday. We were discussing a new film at the lesson yesterday. I was translating the article when somebody knocked at the door. They were still building these houses when I arrived.

c) Pattern : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

We shall be considering these problems this time tomorrow. These problems will be considered this time tomorrow.

He will be delivering a lecture at 2 o'clock tomorrow. You will be translating these sentences at the lesson tomorrow. I’ll be explaining this rule for 10 minutes more. He will be answering your questions in an hour. The doctor will be examining the patients from 10 to 12 tomorrow.

Ex. 110. Translate into English using the Passive Voice. 1. He входите в аудиторию. Там экзаменуют студента. 2. Завтра в это время вас спросят. 3. Когда я зашел в зал, моим одноклассникам показывали новый фильм. 4. Эти статьи переписывают сейчас. 5. Эти вопросы сейчас обсуждаются на собрании. 6. Завтра на первом уроке нам будут объяснять новое правило. Ex. 111. Listen to the dialogue. Reproduce it with your fellow -student. A college freshman was being severely criticized by his professor. "Your last paper was very difficult to read" – said the professor. "Your work should be so written that even the most ignorant will be able to understand it." "Yes, sir", - said the student." What part didn't you get?" Ex. 112. Change the sentences into the Present Perfect Passive. Pattern: Someone has broken my pen. My pen has been broken. 1. Your friends have invited you to dinner tomorrow. 2. Someone has spilt some wine on the table - cloth. 3. Somebody has already boiled water. 4. Have you done all the washing? 5. Someone has already paid the typist for her work. 6. They have made my nephew the captain of the team. 7. Somebody has fried meat very well. 8. Nobody has made any mistakes in that work. 9. They have brought up their children very well. 10. Somebody has left the window open.

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Ex. 113. Answer the questions in the Present Perfect Passive, using the given suggestions. Pattern : Is that road still narrow? (widen) No, it has been widened. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Is this bicycle still broken? (repair) Are her rooms still in a mess? (tidy up) Is the wireless still on? (switch off) Is the child still playing? (put to bed) Are the windows still open? (close) Is his marriage still a secret? (announce) Are the chocolates still in the box? (eat up) Is the door still unlocked? (lock)

Ex. 114. Change the sentences into the Past Perfect Passive. Pattern : They had finished the work by the evening. The work had been finished by the evening. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

The students had learned much by the end of the term. She had promised to give me the book before it appeared on sale. Someone else had asked for the lawyer just before you came here. Nobody had lain on the bed. They had staged four Shakespeare's plays by the end of last year. We didn’t know that he had lost all the photos.

Ex. 115. Change the sentences into the Future Perfect Passive. Pattern: The typist will have typed the documents by the time I come. The documents will have been typed by the time I come. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

My brother will have sent for the doctor by that time. My mother will have cooked dinner by the time you return. I shall have written the letter by the time you ring me up. She will have translated this article by tomorrow morning. I shall have rewritten this text by the noon tomorrow.

Ex. 116. Use the preposition by or with. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

The sky is covered ... clouds. The children were covered ... a blanket... his mother. This note is written... a very bad pen, that's why you can't read it. Can you open the door of уour flat... this key? A lot of damage was done ... the storm. The dog was killed... the car. The new school building will be surrounded ... a garden. This room is heated... a stove.

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Ex. 117. Translate into English. 1. Роман Толстого "Война и мир" переведен на многие языки. 2. Этот памятник будет сооружен к Новому году. 3. Меня никогда не спрашивали об этом. 4. За доктором послали? 5. Письмо только что прочитано. 6. План обсуждается уже два часа. 7. Будет ли статья уже переведена к трем часам? 8. На страницах журнала обсуждается много интересных вопросов. 9. Разве газеты и журналы еще не доставлены? 10. Кофе принесут через несколько минут. 11. Работа была сделана в срок. 12. Где идет экзамен (to hold an examination) по истории Англии? Ex. 118. Translate into English. 1. На нашем факультете был проведен праздник поэзии. 2. В следующем году на это отделение будет зачислено 100 студентов. 3. Эта книга переведена на многие языки. 4. Когда мы пришли в магазин, книгу уже продали. 5. В детстве его обучали двум иностранным языкам. 6. Телеграмму только что отправили. 7. Вас просят к телефону. 8. Что здесь будет строиться? 9. Его музыкой восхищаются.