International Encyclopedia of the SOCIAL SCIENCES
Associate Editors Heinz Eulau, Political Science Lloyd A. Fallers, Anthropology William H. Kruskal, Statistics Gardner Lindzey, Psychology Albert Rees, Economics Albert J. Reiss, Jr., Sociology Edward Shils, Social Thought
Special Editors Elinor G. Barber, Biographies John G. Darley, Applied Psychology Bert F. Hoselitz, Economic Development Clifford T. Morgan, Experimental Psychology Robert H. Strotz, Econometrics
Editorial Staff Marjorie A. Bassett, Economics P. G. Bock, Political Science Robert M. Coen, Econometrics J. M. B. Edwards, Sociology David S. Gochman, Psychology George Lowy, Bibliographies Judith M. Tanur, Statistics Judith M. Treistman, Anthropology
Alvin Johnson HONORARY EDITOR
W Allen Wallis CHAIRMAN, EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD
International Encyclopedia of the SOCIAL SCIENCES D A V I D L. S I L L S EDITOR
VOLUME
The Macmilkn Company & The Free Press
17
COPYRIGHT © iges BY CROWELL COLLIER AND MACMILLAN, INC.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED, NO BAJIJ OF THIS BOOK MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPYING, RECORDING, OR BY ANY INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM CROWELL COLLIER AND MACMILLAN, INC.
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG NUMBER 68-10023
MANUFACTURED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Contents
D I R E C T O R Y OF C O N T R I B U T O R S
1
A C K N O W L E D G M E N T S BY C O N T R I B U T O R S
55
A L P H A B E T I C A L LIST OF A R T I C L E S
59
C L A S S I F I C A T I O N OF A R T I C L E S
81
INDEX
109
Directory of Contributors
Directory of Contributors
A Abel, Wilhelm University of Gottingen AGRICULTURE, article on HISTORY
Abraham, Henry J. University of Pennsylvania CENSORSHIP
Adler, Alexandra New York University ABLER, ALFRED
Adrian, Charles R. University of California, Riverside LOCAL POLITICS; NONPARTISANSHIP
Ajayi, J F. A. University of Ibadan HISTORIOGRAPHY, article on AFRICAN HISTORIOGRAPHY
AckofF, Russell L. University of Pennsylvania OPERATIONS RESEARCH
Akzin, Benjamin
Adams, Richard N. University of Texas MIDDLE AMERICAN SOCIETY
Albert, Ethel M.
Adams, Robert McC. University of Chicago URBAN REVOLUTION, introductory article
Alchian, Armen A.
Adelman, Irma Northwestern University SIMULATION, article on ECONOMIC PROCESSES
Adkins, Dorothy C. University of Hawaii THURSTONE, L. L.
The Hebrew University LEGISLATION, article on NATURE AND FUNCTIONS Northwestern University VALUES, article on VALUE SYSTEMS University of California, Los Angeles COST
Alger, Chadwick F. Northwestern University INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, article on THE FIELD
Allais, Maurice fccole Nationale Superieure des Mines de Paris FISHER, IRVING; PARETO, VILFREDO, article on CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMICS
4
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Allen, Francis A. University of Michigan CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
Allen, Gordon National Institute of Mental Health (Bethesda, Maryland) EUGENICS
Allen, R. G. D. London School of Economics and Political Science BOWLEY, ARTHUR LYON Allen, Robert Loring University of Oregon ECONOMIC WARFARE
Allport, Gordon W. Harvard University PERSONALITY: CONTEMPORARY VIEWPOINTS, article on A UNIQUE AND OPEN SYSTEM
Ansbacher, Rowena R. Burlington, Vermont INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY Anscombe, F. J. Yale University STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, SPECIAL PROBLEMS OF, article on OUTLIERS
Apter, David E. University of California, Berkeley GOVERNMENT
Argyle, Michael Institute of Experimental Psychology (Oxford) RELIGIOUS OBSERVANCE
Argyris, Chris Yale University ORGANIZATIONS, article on EFFECTIVENESS AND PLANNING OF CHANGE
Almond, Gabriel A. Stanford University POLITICS, COMPARATIVE
Alpert, Harry University of Oregon MAC!VER, ROBERT M.
Arieti, Silvano Nezf York City DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS
Arlow, Jacob A. New York City NEUROSIS
Anastasi, Anne Fordham University INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES, overview article; PSYCHOLOGY, article on APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY Anderson, C. Arnold University of Chicago EDUCATION, article on EDUCATION AND SOCIETY
Armillas, Pedro University of Chicago URBAN REVOLUTION, article on THE CONCEPT OF CIVILIZATION
Armitage, P. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine SEQUENTIAL ANALYSIS
Anderson, T. W. Stanford University MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS, article on CLASSIFICATION AND DISCRIMINATION
Arnold, Magda B. Loyola University ANALYTICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Anderson, Theodore R. University of Oregon CITY, article on COMPARATIVE URBAN STRUCTURE
Arnold, Thurman Washington, D.C. HAMILTON, WALTON H.
Andren, Georg
Arrow, Kenneth J.
Lerum, Sweden KJELLEN, RUDOLF
Andrews, F. Emerson The Foundation Library Center (New York) FOUNDATIONS Angell, Robert Cooley University of Michigan COOLEY, CHARLES H.; INTEGRATION, article on SOCIAL INTEGRATION
Ansbacher, Heinz L. University of Vermont INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY
Harvard University ECONOMIC EQUILIBRIUM; GIRSHICK, MEYER A.
Asch, Solomon E. Rutgers University GESTALT THEORY Ashenhurst, Robert L. University of Chicago COMPUTATION
Ashton, T. S. University of London HAMMOND, J. L. AND BARBARA; UNWIN, GEORGE
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Atkinson, John W. University of Michigan ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION
Auerbach, M. Morton San Fernando Valley State College BURKE, EDMUND
Auld, Frank, Jr. University of Detroit FERENCZI, SANDOR
Barnes, Harry Elmer Malibu, California BERNARD, L. L.; ELLWOOD, CHARLES A.; GUMPLOWICZ, LUDWIG; HANKINS, FRANK H.; ROBINSON, JAMES HARVEY; SMALL, ALBION W.
Bartlett, M. S. University of Oxford FISHER, R. A.
Bartley, S. Howard Michigan State University FATIGUE; PERCEPTION, article on ILLUSIONS AND AFTEREFFECTS
B Bacchetti, Fausto Paris DOUHET, GIULIO
Bachrach, Peter Bryn Mawr College MclLWAiN, CHARLES H.
Bahr, Howard M.
Barton, Allen H. Columbia University ORGANIZATIONS, article on METHODS OF RESEARCH
Bascom, William University of California, Berkeley FOLKLORE
Basescu, Sabert New York University PSYCHOLOGY, article on EXISTENTIAL PSYCHOLOGY
Columbia University HOMELESSNESS
Bailey, F. G. University of Sussex ASIAN SOCIETY, article on SOUTH ASIA
Bain, Joe S. University of California, Berkeley ECONOMIES OF SCALE
Bassie, V Lewis University of Illinois SUBSIDIES
Bastian, Jarvis University of California, Davis COMMUNICATION, ANIMAL, article on SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Bates, Marston Baldus, Herbert Museu Paulista (Sao Paulo) BASTIAN, ADOLF
Bales, Robert F. Harvard University INTERACTION, article on INTERACTION PROCESS ANALYSIS
Bandura, Albert Stanford University IMITATION
University of Michigan ENVIRONMENT Baumann, Hermann University of Munich GRAEBNER, FRITZ; WAITZ, THEODOR
Baumol, William J. Princeton University STATICS AND DYNAMICS IN ECONOMICS
Bay, Christian University of Alberta (Edmonton)
Banton, Michael University of Bristol VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS, article on ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASPECTS
CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE
Bayley, Nancy University of California, Berkeley SENSORY AND MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
Barber, Bernard Columbia University SCIENCE, article on THE SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENCE; STRATIFICATION, SOCIAL, introductory article
Barker, Charles A. The Johns Hopkins University GEORGE, HENRY
5
Beaglehole, Ernest Victoria University of Wellington CODRINGTON, R. H.; PROPERTY
Beals, Ralph University of California, Los Angeles KROEBER, ALFRED L.
6
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Beattie, J. H. M. Linacre College (Oxford) KINGSHIP
Benedict, Burton London School of Economics and Political Science SOCIETIES, SMALL
Beck, Hanno Bad Godesberg, Germany HUMBOLDT, ALEXANDER VON
Benjamin, B. London School of Economics and Political Science GRAUNT, JOHN
Beck, Jacob University of Oregon HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN VON
Bennett, John W. Washington University PATERNALISM
Beck, Samuel J. University of Chicago PROJECTIVE METHODS, article on THE RORSCHACH TEST; RORSCHACH, HERMANN
Bennett, M. K. Stanford University FAMINE
Becker, Gary S. Columbia University DISCRIMINATION, ECONOMIC
Benoit-Guilbot, Odile Centre d'Etudes Sociologiques (Paris) INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, article on THE SOCIOLOGY OF WORK
Becker, Howard S. Northwestern University OBSERVATION, article on SOCIAL OBSERVATION AND
Berelson, Bernard The Population Council (New York) BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
SOCIAL CASE STUDIES
Becker, Joseph Bethesda, Maryland INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL, article on THE FIELD Beer, C. G. Rutgers University INSTINCT Belaval, Yvon University of Paris KOYRE, ALEXANDRE
Beres, David New York City KRIS, ERNST Berger, Morroe Princeton University NEAR EASTERN SOCIETY, article on THE ISLAMIC COUNTRIES Bergman, Paul National Institutes of Health (Bethesda, Maryland) REICH, WILHELM
Bell, Daniel Columbia University SOCIALISM
Bergson, Abram Harvard University COMMUNISM, ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION OF, overview article
Bellah, Robert N. University of California, Berkeley RELIGION, article on THE SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION
Berkowitz, Leonard University of Wisconsin AGGRESSION, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Bellak, Leopold Larchmont, New York PSYCHOSIS Benda, Harry J. Yale University SNOUCK HURGRONJE, CHRISTIAAN
Berkowitz, Morton City University of New York, Brooklyn College NATIONAL SECURITY Berman, Harold J. Harvard University LEGAL REASONING; LEGAL SYSTEMS, article on SOCIALIST LEGAL SYSTEMS — SOVIET LAW
Ben-David, Joseph The Hebrew University UNIVERSITIES
Berman, Milton University of Rochester LOWELL, A. LAWRENCE
Bendix, Reinhard University of California, Berkeley BUREAUCRACY; HINTZE, OTTO; WEBER, MAX
Bernard, Jessie Pennsylvania State University COMMUNITY, article on COMMUNITY DISORGANIZATION
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Bernstein, Edward M. Washington, D.C. INTERNATIONAL MONETARY ECONOMICS, article on
7
Birnbaum, Allan New York University LIKELIHOOD
INTERNATIONAL MONETARY ORGANIZATION
Berque, Jacques Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes AFRICAN SOCIETY, article on NORTH AFRICA
Berreman, Gerald D. University of California, Berkeley CASTE, article on THE CONCEPT OF CASTE
Berry, Brian J. L. University of Chicago CENTRAL PLACE; GEOGRAPHY, article on STATISTICAL GEOGRAPHY
Bhagwati, Jagdish Massachusetts Institute of Technology INTERNATIONAL TRADE CONTROLS, article on QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS AND QUOTAS
Biderman, Albert D. Bureau of Social Science Research (Washington, D.C.) INTERNMENT AND CUSTODY
Bidney, David Indiana University CULTURE, article on CULTURAL RELATIVISM
Birney, Robert C. Amherst College MOTIVATION, article on HUMAN MOTIVATION
Birren, James E. University of Southern California AGING, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS Bishop, Joseph W., Jr. Yale University MILITARY LAW
Bishop, Robert L. Massachusetts Institute of Technology MONOPOLY
Bittner, Egon Langley Porter Neuropsychiatric Institute (San Francisco) RADICALISM
Black, John W. The Ohio State University PERCEPTION, article on SPEECH PERCEPTION
Black, R. D. Collison Biebuyck, Daniel P. University of Delaware LAND TENURE, introductory article
Bierstedt, Robert New York University ZNANIECKI, FLORIAN
Billingsley, Patrick University of Chicago MARKOV CHAINS
Billington, Ray A. Huntington Library (San Marino, California} TURNER, FREDERICK JACKSON BUodeau, Edward A. Tulane University LEARNING, article on ACQUISITION OF SKILL
Birdwhistell, Ray L. Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute (Philadelphia) COMMUNICATION; KINESICS
Birket-Smith, Kaj The National Museum (Copenhagen) NORDENSKIOLD, ERLAND
Birnbach, Martin San Jose State College HORNBY, KAREN
Queen's University of Belfast CAIRNES, JOHN ELLIOTT
Bladen, V. W. University of Toronto INNIS, HAROLD ADAMS; MILL, JOHN STUART, article on ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTIONS
Blau, Peter M. University of Chicago INTERACTION, article on SOCIAL EXCHANGE; ORGANIZATIONS, article on THEORIES OF ORGANIZATIONS
Blaug, Mark Institute of Education (London) MCCULLOCH, JOHN RAMSEY; MALTHUS, THOMAS ROBERT; RICARDO, DAVID
Blischke, Wallace R. C-E-I-R (Beverly Hills, California) DISTRIBUTIONS, STATISTICAL, article on MIXTURES OF DISTRIBUTIONS
Block, Jack University of California, Berkeley PERSONALITY MEASUREMENT, overview article
Blough, Roy Columbia University FISCAL POLICY, article on WARTIME FISCAL POLICY
8
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Blumer, Herbert G. University of California, Berkeley FASHION Bock, P. G. City University of New York, Brooklyn College, and International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION, article on FUNCTIONALISM AND FUNCTIONAL INTEGRATION; NATIONAL SECURITY
Bodenheimer, Edgar University of California, Davis COKE, EDWARD
Bovard, Everett W. Albert Einstein College of Medicine INFANCY, article on THE EFFECTS OF EARLY EXPERIENCE Bowen, Howard R. University of Iowa MULLER, ADAM HEINRICH Bowers, Faubion New York City DRAMA
Bowley, Marian University College (London) SENIOR, NASSAU WILLIAM
Bodenhorn, Diran The Ohio State University ELASTICITY
Box, G. E. P. University of Wisconsin EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, article on RESPONSE SURFACES
Bogart, Leo Bureau of Advertising of the American Newspaper Publishers Association (New York) COMMUNICATION, MASS, article on AUDIENCES
Bohannan, Paul Northwestern University LAW, article on LAW AND LEGAL INSTITUTIONS
Bordaz, Jacques University of Montreal STRONG, WILLIAM DUNCAN
Bracher, Karl Dietrich University of Bonn CRISIS GOVERNMENT
Bradley, Ralph A. Florida State University MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS, overview article
Brady,Joseph V. Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (Washington, D.C.) NERVOUS SYSTEM, article on BRAIN STIMULATION
Bordes, Francois University of Bordeaux BREUIL, HENRI
Bordua, David J. University of Illinois POLICE
Borgatta, Edgar F.
Braidwood, Robert J. University of Chicago DOMESTICATION, article on THE FOOD-PRODUCING REVOLUTION
Brant, Irving c/o Bobbs-Merrill (Indianapolis, Indiana) MADISON, JAMES
University of Wisconsin SOCIOMETRY
Boring, Edwin G. Harvard University BALDWIN, JAMES MARK; HERTNG, EWALD; HOLT, EDWIN B.; MORGAN, CONWY LLOYD; MULLER, GEORG ELIAS; TERMAN, LEWIS M.; WASHBURN, MARGARET FLOY; WUNDT, WlLHELM
Boskey, Shirley International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (Washington, D.C.) DEVELOPMENT BANKS
Bottomore, T. B. Simon Fraser University MARXIST SOCIOLOGY
Boulding, Kenneth E. University of Michigan DEMAND AND SUPPLY, general article
Braudel, Fernand Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes BLOCK, MARC; FEBVRE, LUCIEN Bray, Charles W. Washington, D.C. MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY
Brayfield, Arthur H. American Psychological Association (Washington, D.C.) COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY
Brecht, Arnold New School for Social Research POLITICAL THEORY, article on APPROACHES
Brenner, Charles New York Psychoanalytic Institute PSYCHOANALYSIS, article on CLASSICAL THEORY
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Brew, J. O. Harvard University KIDDER, ALFRED V.
Bruch, Hilde Baylor University OBESITY
Briggs, Asa University of Sussex OWEN, ROBERT; THOMPSON, WILLIAM
Brunner, Edmund deS. Columbia University ADULT EDUCATION
Bright, William University of California, Los Angeles LANGUAGE, article on LANGUAGE AND CULTURE
Bruton, Henry J. Williams College CAPITAL, SOCIAL OVERHEAD
Brim, Orville G., Jr. Russell Sage Foundation (Nexu York) SOCIALIZATION, article on ADULT SOCIALIZATION
Bry, Use
Brinton, Crane Harvard University HISTORY, article on INTELLECTUAL HISTORY; VOLTAIRE Broadhurst, P. L. University of Birmingham GENETICS, article on GENETICS AND BEHAVIOR; WATSON, JOHN B. Broderick, Francis L. Lawrence University (Bonnigheim, Germany) DuBois, W. E. B. Brodie, Bernard University of California, Los Angeles STRATEGY Brody, Richard A. Stanford University DETERRENCE Brogden, W. J. University of Wisconsin LEARNING, article on CLASSICAL CONDITIONING Bronfenbrenner, M. Carnegie-Mellon University INFLATION AND DEFLATION Brosin, Henry W. University of Pittsburgh OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDERS Brown, Byron W., Jr. University of Minnesota
New York University INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL, article on BIBLIOGRAPHIC ISSUES IN THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Buch, Kai Rander Technical University of Denmark WESTERGAARD, HARALD Buchanan, James M. University of Virginia DEBT, PUBLIC; KNIGHT, FRANK H. Buchanan, William Washington and Lee University IDENTIFICATION, POLITICAL Bunnell, Bradford N. University of Florida PSYCHOLOGY, article on COMPARATIVE PSYCHOLOGY Bunzel, Ruth Columbia University SPIER, LESLIE Burdeau, G. University of Paris DELEGATION OF POWERS; HAURIOU, MAURICE Burke, Kenneth Andover, New Jersey INTERACTION, article on DRAMATISM Burkholder, D. L. University of Illinois ESTIMATION, article on POINT ESTIMATION Burns, Arthur F. Columbia University and National Bureau of Economic Research (New York) BUSINESS CYCLES, general article
QUANTAL RESPONSE
Brown, Judson S. University of Iowa DRIVES, article on ACQUIRED DRIVES Browne, M. H. London School of Economics and Political Science LABOR FORCE, article on HOURS OF WORK
9
Burris, Russell W. University of Minnesota LEARNING, article on PROGRAMMED LEARNING Burton, Roger V. National Institute of Mental Health (Bethesda, Maryland) SOCIALIZATION, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
10
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Burtt, Harold E. The Ohio State University MiJNSTERBERG, HUGO
Bush, Robert R. University of Pennsylvania MODELS, MATHEMATICAL
Carmichael, Leonard Smithsonian Institution (Washington, D.C.) BELL, CHARLES
Carneiro, Robert L. American Museum of Natural History (New York) CULTURE, article on CULTURAL ADAPTATION; SPENCER, HERBERT
Buswell, Guy T. University of California, Berkeley JUDD, CHARLES H.
Cartter, Allan M. New York University WAGES, article on THEORY
Butler, John University of Chicago MENTAL DISORDERS, TREATMENT OF, article on CLIENT-CENTERED COUNSELING
Butler, Robert A. University of Chicago STIMULATION DRIVES
Buttimer, Anne Seattle University GEOGRAPHY, article on SOCIAL GEOGRAPHY
Casler, Lawrence State University of New York, Geneseo LEARNING, article on INSTRUMENTAL LEARNING
Casper, Gerhard University of Chicago PUBLIC LAW, article on COMPARATIVE PUBLIC LAW
Cassinelli, C. W. University of Washington AUTOCRACY
Cattell, Raymond B.
C Cahn, Edmond New York University JUSTICE
Campbell, Donald T. Northwestern University EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, article on QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Cancian, Francesca M. Cornell University FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS, article on VARIETIES OF FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS
Cannell, Charles F. University of Michigan INTERVIEWING, article on SOCIAL RESEARCH
Caplow, Theodore Columbia University HOMELESSNESS
Cardno, J. A. University of Tasmania BAIN, ALEXANDER
Carlin, Jerome E. Neighborhood Legal Assistance Foundation (San Francisco} LAW, article on THE LEGAL PROFESSION
Carlson, Robert O. Standard Oil Company of New Jersey (New York) PUBLIC RELATIONS
University of Illinois SPEARMAN, C. E.; TRAITS
Catton, William R., Jr. University of Washington LUNDBERG, GEORGE
Cazeneuve, Jean Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Saint Germain-en-Laye, France) LEVY-BRUHL, LUCIEN
Cerase, Francesco P. University of Rome NICEFORO, ALFREDO
Chabert, A. University of Strasbourg SEE, HENRI
Chadwick, W. O. Selwyn College (Cambridge) MONASTICISM
Chandler, Lester V. Princeton University MONETARY POLICY
Chapanis, A. The Johns Hopkins University ENGINEERING PSYCHOLOGY; VISION, article on COLOR VISION AND COLOR BLINDNESS
Chapman, Douglas G. University of Washington COUNTED DATA
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Chapman, John W. University of Pittsburgh GENERAL WILL
Cheit, Earl F. University of California, Berkeley AGING, article on ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Chemoff, Herman Stanford University DECISION THEORY
Child, Irvin L. Yale University AESTHETICS
Christ, Carl F. The Johns Hopkins University ECONOMETRIC MODELS, AGGREGATE Christenson, Cornelia V. Indiana University KINSEY, ALFRED C.
11
Clausing, Gustav University of Erlangen-Nuremberg SPIETHOFF, ARTHUR
Clawson, Marion Resources for the Future (Washington, D.C.) LAND, article on ECONOMIC ASPECTS Cleckley, Hervey M. Augusta, Georgia PSYCHOPATHIC PERSONALITY
Clinard, Marshall B. University of Wisconsin CRIME, article on WHITE-COLLAR CRIME
Clive, John Harvard University MACAULAY, THOMAS BABINGTON Clough, Shepard B. Columbia University LORIA, ACHILLE
Clark, Burton R. Yale University EDUCATION, article on THE STUDY OF EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS
Clark, J. Desmond University of California, Berkeley HUNTING AND GATHERING, article on OLD WORLD PREHISTORIC SOCIETIES
Clark, John M. Columbia University CLARK, JOHN BATES
Clark, Kenneth E. University of Rochester VOCATIONAL INTEREST TESTING
Glower, Robert W. Northwestern University STOCK-FLOW ANALYSIS
Coase, R. H. University of Chicago CONSUMER'S SURPLUS
Coats, A. W. University of Nottingham ELY, RICHARD T.; NEWCOMB, SIMON; ROGERS, JAMES E. THOROLD
Cochran, Thomas C. University of Pennsylvania ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Clark, Terry N. University of Chicago BERTILLON, JACQUES; TARDE, GABRIEL; TOURVILLE, HENRI DE; WORMS, RENE
Cochran, William G. Harvard University EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, article on THE DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
Clarke, Edwin The Wellcome Historical Medical Museum and Library (London) GALL, FRANZ JOSEPH
Clarkson, Jesse D. City University of New York, Brooklyn College LENIN
Claude, Inis L., Jr. University of Michigan INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION, article on THE PROCESS AND THE INSTITUTIONS
Clausen, John A. University of California, Berkeley DRUGS, article on DRUG ADDICTION : SOCIAL ASPECTS
Cochrane, James D. Tulane University LATIN AMERICAN POLITICAL MOVEMENTS
Codere, Helen Brandeis University EXCHANGE AND DISPLAY
Gofer, Charles N. University of Maryland LANGUAGE, article on THE PSYCHOLOGY OF LANGUAGE
Cohen, Albert K. University of Connecticut DEVIANT BEHAVIOR; SUTHERLAND, EDWIN H.
12
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Cohen, Bernard C. University of Wisconsin FOREIGN POLICY
Cohen, Yehudi A. Rutgers University FOOD, article on CONSUMPTION PATTERNS
Corbett, Percy E. Princeton University INTERNATIONAL LAW
Corden, W. M. Australian National University INTERNATIONAL TRADE CONTROLS, article on TARIFFS AND PROTECTIONISM
Cohn, Bernard S. University of Chicago HISTORY, article on ETHNOHISTORY Coladarci, Arthur P. Stanford University EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
Colby, Kenneth M. Stanford University MENTAL DISORDERS, TREATMENT OF, article on
Corry, Bernard London School of Economics and Political Science LAUDERDALE, JAMES MAITLAND; MARSHALL, ALFRED; SIDGWICK, HENRY; TORRENS, ROBERT
Coser, Lewis A. Brandeis University CONFLICT, article on SOCIAL ASPECTS; KNOWLEDGE, SOCIOLOGY OF; SCHELER, MAX
PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENT
Cowan, Thomas A. Cole, Margaret London BEVERIDGE, WILLIAM HENRY; WEBB, SIDNEY AND BEATRICE
Coleman, James S. University of California, Los Angeles MODERNIZATION, article on POLITICAL ASPECTS
Colie, Rosalie L. University of Toronto BURCKHARDT, JACOB; DESCARTES, RENE; HUIZINGA, JOHAN; LOCKE, JOHN; SPINOZA
Collins, Henry B. Smithsonian Institution (Washington, D.C.) SWANTON, JOHN REED
Colm, Gerhard National Planning Association (Washington, D.C.) JOHNSON, ALVIN
Colson, Elizabeth University of California, Berkeley POLITICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, article on THE FIELD; WALLIS, WILSON D.
Rutgers University JURISPRUDENCE
Cox, D. R. Imperial College of Science and Technology (London") QUEUES Crabb, Cecil V., Jr. Vassar College BIPARTISANSHIP
Cressey, Donald R. University of California, Santa Barbara CRIME, article on CAUSES OF CRIME
Crick, Bernard University of Sheffield SOVEREIGNTY
Crisp, Olga School of Slavonic and East European Studies (London} TUGAN-BARANOVSKII, MIKHAIL I.
Critchley, Macdonald Conklin, Harold C. Yale University ETHNOGRAPHY
Converse, Philip E. University of Michigan TIME BUDGETS
Cooke, Jacob E. Lafayette College HAMILTON, ALEXANDER
Cootner, Paul H. Massachusetts Institute of Technology SPECULATION, HEDGING, AND ARBITRAGE
National Hospital (London) BROCA, PAUL
Crowley, Daniel J. University of California, Davis CRAFTS
Cureton, Edward E. University of Tennessee PSYCHOMETRICS
Cyert, Richard M. Carnegie—Mellon University BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
D Daalder, Hans University of Leiden IMPERIALISM Dahl, Robert A. Yale University POWER Dahlstrom, W. Grant University of North Carolina PERSONALITY MEASUREMENT, article on THE MINNESOTA MULTIPHASIC PERSONALITY INVENTORY
13
Davies, James C. University of Oregon LITERATURE, article on POLITICAL FICTION Davis, Arthur K. University of Alberta, Calgary VEBLEN, THORSTEIN Davis, James A. Dartmouth College TABULAR PRESENTATION Davison, W. Phillips Columbia University PUBLIC OPINION, introductory article
Dales, J. H. University of Toronto USHER, ABBOTT P.
Deane, Herbert A. Columbia University LASKI, HAROLD J.
Dallenbach, Karl M. University of Texas BORING, EDWIN G.; TITCHENER, EDWARD B.
Deane, Phyllis Newnham College (Cambridge} KING, GREGORY; PETTY, WILLIAM
Dallin, Alexander Columbia University COMMUNISM, article on NATIONAL COMMUNISM
de Finetti, Bruno University of Rome PROBABILITY, article on INTERPRETATIONS
Danelski, David J. Yale University PUBLIC LAW, article on THE FIELD
de Grazia, Alfred New York University REPRESENTATION, article on THEORY
Darby, H. C. University College (London) BROWN, RALPH H.
Delle Piane, Mario University of Siena MOSCA, GAETANO
Darrah, William C. Gettysburg College POWELL, JOHN WESLEY
Deming, W. Edwards Consultant in Statistical Surveys (Washington, D.C.) SAMPLE SURVEYS, article on THE FIELD
Daugherty, William E. Research Analysis Corporation (McLean, Virginia) PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE David, F . N . University College (London) GALTON, FRANCIS David, H. T. Iowa State University GOODNESS OF FIT David, Herbert A. University of North Carolina NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS, article On RANKING METHODS
Davidson, Sidney University of Chicago ACCOUNTING
Dennison, S. R. King's College, Newcastle Upon Tyne ROBERTSON, DENNIS HOLME Derathe, Robert University of Nancy ROUSSEAU, JEAN JACQUES Dernburg, Thomas S. Oberlin College INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT THEORY Deutsch, J. A. University of California, La Jolla SHERRINGTON, C. S. Deutsch, Morton Columbia University FIELD THEORY; GROUPS, article on GROUP BEHAVIOR
14
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Deutscher, Isaac London TROTSKY, LEON
Dorfman, Joseph Columbia University COMMONS, JOHN R.
Devereux, Edward C., Jr. Cornell University GAMBLING
Dorm ami, Johannes University of Miinster BACHOFEN, JOHANN JAKOB
DeVore, Irven Harvard University SOCIAL BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL, article on PRIMATE
Dorpalen, Andreas The Ohio State University TREITSCHKE, HEINRICH VON
BEHAVIOR
DeVos, George A. University of California, Berkeley NATIONAL CHARACTER Dewey, Donald J. Columbia University ANTITRUST LEGISLATION Dexter, Ralph W. Kent State University PUTNAM, FREDERIC WARD Diamond, Stanley New School for Social Research RADIN, PAUL Dike, K. O. University of Ibadan HISTORIOGRAPHY, article on AFRICAN HISTORIOGRAPHY Dillard, Dudley University of Maryland KEYNES, JOHN NEVILLE Dittes, James E. Yale University RELIGION, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY Dobb, Maurice Trinity College (Cambridge') ECONOMIC THOUGHT, article on SOCIALIST THOUGHT Dobzhansky, Theodosius The Rockefeller University EVOLUTION, article on EVOLUTION AND BEHAVIOR Dodge, Peter University of New Hampshire MAN, HENDRIK (HENRI) DE Domhoff, Bill University of California, Santa Cruz ROHEIM, GEZA Dore, Ronald P. London School of Economics and Political Science MODERNIZATION, article on THE BOURGEOISIE IN MODERNIZING SOCIETIES
Douglas, Jack D. Syracuse University SUICIDE, article on SOCIAL ASPECTS Douglas, Mary University College (London) POLLUTION Doxiadis, C. A. Athens ARCHITECTURE Drekmeier. Charles Stanford University INDIAN POLITICAL THOUGHT Drever, James University of Edinburgh MCDOUGALL, WILLIAM; STOUT, G. F.; WARD, JAMES Driver, Harold E. University of California, Davis ETHNOLOGY; LOWIE, ROBERT H. Dubin, Robert University of Oregon WORKERS Duby, Georges M. University of Aix-Marseilles MANORIAL ECONOMY Due, John F. University of Illinois TAXATION, article on SALES AND EXCISE TAXES Dugue, Daniel University of Paris BIENAYME, JULES Dumazedier, Joffre Centre d'Etudes Sociologiques (Paris) LEISURE Dumont, Louis Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes MARRIAGE, article on MARRIAGE ALLIANCE Duncan, Francis Bethesda, Maryland MAHAN, ALFRED THAYER
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Dunnett, C. W. Lederle Laboratories (Pearl River, New York} SCREENING AND SELECTION
Egger, Rowland Princeton University INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION, article on FINANCING
Durand, Huguette University of Paris BASTIAT, FREDERIC
Ehrich, Robert W.
Dyson, Robert H., Jr.
Ehrmann, Henry W. Dartmouth College INTEREST GROUPS
University of Pennsylvania DOMESTICATION, article on ANIMAL DOMESTICATION
15
City University of New York, Brooklyn College CULTURE AREA
Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Irenaus Max-Planck-Institut fur Verhaltensphysiologie (Seewiesen iiber Starnberg, Germany) ETHOLOGY
Easterlin, Richard A. University of Pennsylvania ECONOMIC GROWTH, overview article
Easton, David University of Chicago POLITICAL SCIENCE
Ebel, Robert L. Michigan State University ACHIEVEMENT TESTING
Ebenstein, William University of California, Santa Barbara KELSEN, HANS; NATIONAL SOCIALISM
Eberhard, Wolfram University of California, Berkeley THURNWALD, RICHARD
Eichorn, Dorothy H. University of California, Berkeley ADOLESCENCE
Einaudi, Mario Cornell University FASCISM
Eisenhart, Churchill National Bureau of Standards (Washington, D.C.) GAUSS, CARL FRIEDRICH Eisenmann, Charles University of Paris DUGUIT, LEON
Eisenstadt, Shmuel N. The Hebrew University BUBER, MARTIN; EMPIRES; EVOLUTION, article
on
SOCIAL EVOLUTION; FEUDALISM; SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS,
Eckstein, Harry Princeton University PARTIES, POLITICAL, article on PARTY SYSTEMS
Edel, Abraham City University of New York, City College ARISTOTLE Edwards, G. Franklin Howard University FRAZIER, E. FRANKLIN; RACE RELATIONS, article on WORLD PERSPECTIVES
Edwards, J. M. B. International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences CREATIVITY, article on SOCIAL ASPECTS
Edwards, Ward University of Michigan DECISION MAKING, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Eggan, Fred University of Chicago INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN; KINSHIP, introductory article
articles on THE CONCEPT and COMPARATIVE STUDY; SOCIOLOGY, article on THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIOLOGICAL THOUGHT Eisenstein, Elizabeth L. American University BUONARROTI, FILIPPO
Eisner, Robert Northwestern University INVESTMENT, article on THE AGGREGATE INVESTMENT FUNCTION
Elashoff, Robert M. University of California, Berkeley ERRORS, article on EFFECTS OF ERRORS IN STATISTICAL ASSUMPTIONS
Elazar, Daniel J. Temple University FEDERALISM
Eldridge, Hope T. University of Pennsylvania POPULATION, article on POPULATION POLICIES
16
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Elkes, Joel The Johns Hopkins University MENTAL DISORDERS, article on BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Eulau, Heinz Stanford University LIPPMANN, WALTER; POLITICAL BEHAVIOR
Ellis, Albert New York City ELLIS, HAVELOCK
Evan, William M. University of Pennsylvania ENGINEERING
Elvander, Nils University of Uppsala HJARNE, HARALD Emerson, Rupert Harvard University COLONIALISM, article on POLITICAL ASPECTS
Evans, E. Estyn Queen's University of Belfast FLEURE, H. J. Eysenck, H. J. Maudsley Hospital (London) KRAEPELIN, EMIL
Emmet, Dorothy Victoria University of Manchester ETHICS, article on ETHICAL SYSTEMS AND SOCIAL STRUCTURES; WHITEHEAD, ALFRED NORTH
Engel, Hans Marburg, Germany Music, article on MUSIC AND SOCIETY Enke, W. Delmenhorst, Germany KRETSCHMER, ERNST Epstein, A. L. Australian National University SANCTIONS Epstein, Leon D. University of Wisconsin PARLIAMENTARY GOVERNMENT Eriksen, Charles W. University of Illinois PERCEPTION, article on UNCONSCIOUS PERCEPTION Erikson, Erik H. Harvard University IDENTITY, PSYCHOSOCIAL; LIFE CYCLE Ervin-Tripp, Susan M. University of California, Berkeley LANGUAGE, article on LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT Escarpit, Robert University of Bordeaux LITERATURE, article on THE SOCIOLOGY OF LITERATURE Esenwein-Rothe, I. University of Erlangen—Nuremberg SiJSSMILCH, JOHANN PETER
Etzioni, Amitai Columbia University SOCIAL CONTROL, article on ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS
Fabric ant, Solomon New York University PRODUCTIVITY Fainsod, Merle Harvard University COMMUNISM, article on SOVIET COMMUNISM Falk, Richard A. Princeton University CONFLICT OF LAWS Fallers, Lloyd A. University of Chicago SOCIETAL ANALYSIS Farberow, Norman L. Suicide Prevention Center (Los Angeles') SUICIDE, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS (2) Faris, Robert E. L. University of Washington CREATIVITY, article on GENIUS AND ABILITY Farmer, B. H. St. John's College (Cambridge) AGRICULTURE, article on COMPARATIVE TECHNOLOGY Fein, Rashi The Brookings Institution (Washington, D.C.) MEDICAL CARE, article on ECONOMIC ASPECTS Fellman, David University of Wisconsin ADJUDICATION, article on DOMESTIC ADJUDICATION Fels, Eberhard M. University of Munich ANDERSON, OSKAR N.; LAUNHARDT, WILHELM Ferber, Robert University of Illinois CONSUMERS, article on CONSUMER ASSETS
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Feron, R. University of Lyon POISSON, SIMEON DENIS
Ferster, Charles B. Institute for Behavioral Research (College Park, Maryland) LEARNING, article on REINFORCEMENT
Fesler, James W. Yale University CENTRALIZATION AND DECENTRALIZATION
Fetter, Frank W. Northwestern University LESLIE, T. E. CLIFFE; TOOKE, THOMAS
Fieldhouse, D. K. Nuffield College (Oxford*) COLONIALISM, article on ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Fijalkowski, Jiirgen Free University of Berlin SCHMITT, CARL
Finley, M.I. Jesus College (Cambridge} SLAVERY
Firth, Raymond London School of Economics and Political Science ANTHROPOLOGY, article on SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Fischer, Wolfram Free University of Berlin SCHMOLLER, GUSTAV
Fisher, Franklin M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology STATISTICAL IDENTIFIABILITY
Fisher, Seymour State University of New York, Upstate Medical Center (Syracuse) BODY IMAGE
Flannery, Regina Catholic University of America COOPER, JOHN M.
Fleishman, Edwin A. American Institutes for Research (Washington, D.C.) APTITUDE TESTING
Florence, P. Sargant University of Birmingham COOPERATIVES
Fohlen, Claude University of Besancon LEVASSEUR, EMILE; SIMIAND, FRANCOIS
17
Form, William H. Michigan State University OCCUPATIONS AND CAREERS
Fortes, Meyer King's College (Cambridge) SELIGMAN, C. G. Fox, Annette Baker Columbia University INTERNATIONAL POLITICS
Fox, J. R. London School of Economics and Political Science MCLENNAN, JOHN FERGUSON
Fox, Karl A. Iowa State University DEMAND AND SUPPLY, article on ECONOMETRIC STUDIES; SCHULTZ, HENRY
Fox, Renee C. Harvard University ILLNESS
Fox, William T. R. Columbia University INTERNATIONAL POLITICS
Fraisse, Paul University of Paris TIME, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Frank, Jerome D. The Johns Hopkins University MENTAL DISORDERS, TREATMENT OF, article on GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY
Frankel, Charles Columbia University DEWEY, JOHN
Franklin, Julian H. Columbia University BODIN, JEAN
Fraser, D. A. S. University of Toronto FIDUCIAL INFERENCE
Frechet, Maurice University of Paris LAPLACE, PIERRE SIMON DE
Freedman, Ronald University of Michigan FERTILITY
Freeman, Harold Massachusetts Institute of Technology WALD, ABRAHAM
18
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Freidson, Eliot New York University MEDICAL PERSONNEL, articles on PHYSICIANS and PARAMEDICAL PERSONNEL
Freilich, Morris Northeastern University NADEL, S. F. French, David H. Reed College GOLDENWEISER, ALEXANDER A.
Freund, Gerald The Rockefeller Foundation (New York) DISENGAGEMENT
Frey, Luigi Catholic University of the Sacred Heart (Milan) PANTALEONI, MAFFEO
Frey, Rene L. University of Basel LIST, FRIEDRICH
Fried, Morton H. Columbia University STATE, article on THE INSTITUTION
Friedman, Milton University of Chicago MONEY, article on QUANTITY THEORY Friedmann, Georges University of Paris HALBWACHS, MAURICE
Friedrich, Carl J. Harvard University CONSTITUTIONS AND CONSTITUTIONALISM; MONARCHY
Frijda, Nico H. University of Amsterdam EXPRESSIVE BEHAVIOR
Fritsch, Bruno Federal Institute of Technology (Zurich)
G Gablentz, O. H. v. d. Free University of Berlin RESPONSIBILITY
Gagne, Robert M. University of California, Berkeley LEARNING, article on TRANSFER
Gagnon, John H. Indiana University PROSTITUTION; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, article on SEXUAL DEVIATION: SOCIAL ASPECTS
Gallagher, Charles F. American Universities Field Staff (New York) ISLAM
Galtung, Johan University of Oslo PEACE
Gamson, William A. University of Michigan COALITIONS, article on COALITION FORMATION
Cans, Herbert J. Columbia University and Center for Urban Education (New York) PLANNING, SOCIAL, article on REGIONAL AND URBAN PLANNING
Gardiner, Patrick Magdalen College (Oxford) HISTORY, article on THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY Gardlund, Torsten University of Lund WICKSELL, KNUT
Garvy, George Federal Reserve Bank of New York KONDRATIEFF, N. D.
RODBERTUS, JOHANN KARL
Gates, Arthur I. Fritz, Charles E. Institute for Defense Analyses (Washington, D.C.) DISASTERS
From an, Lewis A., Jr. University of California, Irvine PUBLIC POLICY
Froomkin, Joseph N. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (Washington, D.C.) AUTOMATION
Fuller, Varden University of California, Berkeley AGRICULTURE, article on LABOR
Columbia University CATTELL, JAMES McKEEN
Geer, Blanche Syracuse University TEACHING
Geertz, Clifford University of Chicago RELIGION, article on ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY; VILLAGE
Gehrels, Franz Indiana University INTERNATIONAL TRADE CONTROLS, article on EXPORT SUBSIDIES AND DUMPING
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Geiringer, Hilda Harvard University VON MISES, RICHARD
19
Gilmer, B. von Haller Carnegie-Mellon University INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, article on INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS PSYCHOLOGY
Gelder, H. A. Enno van The Hague ERASMUS
George, B. J., Jr. University of Michigan CRIMINAL LAW
Ginsberg, Morris London School of Economics and Political Science HOBHOUSE, L. T.
Ginsburg, Norton University of Chicago AREA
Georgescu-Roegen, Nicholas Vanderbilt University UTILITY
Girvetz, Harry K.
Gerard, Harold B.
Gjeddebask, N. F.
University of California, Riverside SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
University of California, Santa Barbara WELFARE STATE A/S Ferrosan (Copenhagen) STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, SPECIAL PROBLEMS OF, article On GROUPED OBSERVATIONS
Gerth, H. H. University of Wisconsin OPPENHEIMER, FRANZ
Gessner, Robert New York University FILM
Gibb, Cecil A. Australian National University LEADERSHIP, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Glaser, Daniel University of Illinois PENOLOGY, articles on THE FIELD and PROBATION AND PAROLE
Glaser, William A. Columbia University MEDICAL CARE, article on SOCIAL ASPECTS Glover, Edward London JONES, ERNEST
Gibbs, Jack P. University of Texas NORMS, article on THE STUDY OF NORMS
Gibson, Eleanor J. Cornell University PERCEPTION, article on PERCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT
Gibson, James J. Cornell University PERCEPTION, article on DEPTH PERCEPTION
Gilbert, Edmund W. Hertford College (Oxford) MACKINDER, HALFORD
Gilbert, Felix The Institute for Advanced Study (Princeton, New Jersey) RANKE, LEOPOLD VON
Gill, Merton M. State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center (Brooklyn) RAPAPORT, DAVID Gillispie, Charles C. Princeton University DARWIN, CHARLES
Gluckman, Max Victoria University of Manchester JUDICIAL PROCESS, article on COMPARATIVE ASPECTS Gneuss, Christian Hanover, Germany BERNSTEIN, EDUARD
Gochman, David S. University of Michigan and International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
Golden, Hilda H. University of Massachusetts LITERACY
Goldhamer, Herbert RAND Corporation (Santa Monica, California) SOCIAL MOBILITY
Goldschmidt, Walter University of California, Los Angeles ANTHROPOLOGY, article on THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY OF MODERN SOCIETY
Goldsmith, M. M. Columbia University MANDEVILLE, BERNARD
20
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Goldsmith, Raymond W. Yale University NATIONAL WEALTH, article on ESTIMATION
Grampp, William D. University of Illinois (Chicago} WEST, EDWARD; WICKSTEED, PHILIP HENRY
Gombrich, E. H. Warburg Institute (London} STYLE
Granger, Gilles-Gaston University of Aix-Marseilles
Good, Irving John Virginia Polytechnic Institute FALLACIES, STATISTICAL
Granit, Ragnar The Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology (Stockholm} SENSES, article on CENTRAL MECHANISMS
Goodenough, Ward H. University of Pennsylvania
Granqvist, Hilma Helsinki WESTERMARCK, EDWARD
CONDORCET
COMPONENTIAL ANALYSIS
Goodrich, Lei and M. Columbia University SANCTIONS, INTERNATIONAL Goody, Jack St. John's College (Cambridge} KINSHIP, article on DESCENT GROUPS; TIME, article on SOCIAL ORGANIZATION
Gordon, Donald F. University of Rochester VALUE, LABOR THEORY OF Gordon, H. S. Indiana University BAGEHOT, WALTER, article on ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTIONS; LAISSEZ-FAIRE
Gordon, R. A. University of California, Berkeley EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT Goriely, Georges Free University of Brussels SOREL, GEORGES Gosnell, Harold F. Howard University RICE, STUART Gottfried, Alex University of Washington POLITICAL MACHINES Gottsdanker, Robert M. University of California, Santa Barbara REACTION TIME Graebner, Norman A. University of Illinois ISOLATIONISM Graham, Milton D. American Foundation for the Blind (New York} BLINDNESS
Grauman, John V. United Nations (New York} POPULATION, article on POPULATION GROWTH Grebenik, Eugene University of Leeds VITAL STATISTICS Greenberg, Bernard G. University of North Carolina NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS, article On ORDER STATISTICS
Greenberg, Joseph H. Stanford University ANTHROPOLOGY, article on THE FIELD; HISTORY, article On CULTURE HISTORY; SAUSSURE, FERDINAND DE
Greenstein, Fred I. Wesleyan University SOCIALIZATION, article on POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION Greer, Scott Northwestern University NEIGHBORHOOD Griff, Mason Southeastern Massachusetts Technology Institute FINE ARTS, article on THE RECRUITMENT AND SOCIALIZATION OF ARTISTS
Griliches, Zvi University of Chicago AGRICULTURE, article on PRODUCTIVITY AND TECHNOLOGY
Grinker, RoyR., Sr. Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center (Chicago} PSYCHIATRY, article on THE FIELD Gross, Bertram M. Syracuse University POLITICAL PROCESS Gross, Edward University of Minnesota INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, article on REWARD SYSTEMS AND INCENTIVES
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Gruber, Jacob W. Temple University HALE, HORATIO; LANG, ANDREW; LUBBOCK, JOHN
Haberler, Gottfried Harvard University TAUSSIG, FRANK W.
Gruchy, Allan G. University of Maryland ECONOMIC THOUGHT, article on THE INSTITUTIONAL SCHOOL
Hacker, Andrew Cornell University ANARCHISM
Gruenberg, Ernest Columbia University MENTAL DISORDERS, article on EPIDEMIOLOGY Guggenheim, Paul University of Geneva VATTEL, EMER DE Gugler, Josef Makerere University College CUVILLIER, ARMAND; DAVY, GEORGES
21
Hagerstrand, Torsten University of Lund DIFFUSION, article on THE DIFFUSION OF INNOVATIONS Hagstrom, Warren O. University of Wisconsin SCIENCE, article on SCIENTISTS Haight, Frank A. University of California, Los Angeles DISTRIBUTIONS, STATISTICAL, article on SPECIAL DISCRETE DISTRIBUTIONS
Guillebaud, C. W. St. John's College (Cambridge') HAWTREY, R. G.
Halcrow, Harold G. University of Illinois CREDIT, article on AGRICULTURAL CREDIT
Guitton, Henri University of Paris COURNOT, ANTOINE AUGUSTIN
Haley, Bernard F. University of California, Santa Cruz SPECIALIZATION AND EXCHANGE
Gulliver, P. H. School of Oriental and African Studies (London)
Hall, Calvin Institute of Dream Research (Santa Cruz, California) DREAMS
AGE DIFFERENTIATION
Gumbel, E. J. Columbia University BORTKIEWICZ, LADISLAUS VON
Hall, John Whitney 'Yale University HISTORIOGRAPHY, article on JAPANESE HISTORIOGRAPHY
Gumperz, John J. University of California, Berkeley LINGUISTICS, article on THE SPEECH COMMUNITY
Hallowell, A. Irving University of Pennsylvania SPECK, FRANK G.
Gusfield, Joseph R. University of Illinois SOCIAL MOVEMENTS, article on THE STUDY OF SOCIAL
Halpern, Ben Brandeis University ZIONISM
MOVEMENTS
H Haas, Ernst B. University of California, Berkeley INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION, article on REGIONAL
Halsey, A. H. Nuffield College (Oxford) EDUCATION, article on EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION Hamaker, H. C. Technological University of Eindhoven QUALITY CONTROL, STATISTICAL, article on ACCEPTANCE SAMPLING
INTEGRATION
Haavelmo, Trygve University of Oslo BUSINESS CYCLES, article on MATHEMATICAL MODELS
Hamilton, Earl J. University of Chicago and State University of New York, Binghamton LAW, JOHN; PRICES, article on PRICE HISTORY
Habenstein, Robert W. University of Missouri DEATH, article on THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF DEATH
Hammond, Kenneth R. University of Colorado BRUNSWIK, EGON
22
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Hanfmann, Eugenia Brandeis University ANGYAL, ANDRAS
Hart, H. L. A. University College (Oxford") AUSTIN, JOHN; DUTY
Hankins, Frank H. Smith College BARNES, HARRY ELMER; GIDDINGS, FRANKLIN H.
Hartshorne, Richard
Hanrieder, Wolfram F. Princeton University INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION, article on GLOBAL
Hartwell, R. M.
University of Wisconsin GEOGRAPHY, article on THE FIELD; HETTNER, ALFRED
Nuffield College (Oxford) CUNNINGHAM, WILLIAM
INTEGRATION
Haskell, Francis Harberger, Arnold C. University of Chicago TAXATION, article on CORPORATION INCOME TAXES
Harding, John Cornell University STEREOTYPES
Hare, A. Paul Haverford College GROUPS, article on ROLE STRUCTURE
Harlow, Harry F. University of Wisconsin YERKES, ROBERT M.
Harlow, Margaret K. University of Wisconsin AFFECTION
Harris, Albert J. City University of New York VISION, article on VISUAL DEFECTS
Harris, Chauncy D. University of Chicago BARANSKII, NIKOLAI N.; CENTRAL PLACE
Harris, Marvin Columbia University RACE
Harris, Seymour E. University of California, San Diego HANSEN, ALVIN
Harris, Z. S. University of Pennsylvania SAPIR, EDWARD, article on CONTRIBUTIONS TO LINGUISTICS
Harrod, R. F. Christ Church (Oxford") KEYNES, JOHN MAYNARD, article on CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMICS Hart, Albert Gailord Columbia University MONEY, general article
King's College (Cambridge} FINE ARTS, article on ART AND SOCIETY
Hassinger, Herbert University of Innsbruck BECKER, JOHANN JOACHIM
Hathaway, Dale E. Michigan State University AGRICULTURE, article on PRODUCTION Hawkes, Jacquetta Stratford-on-Avon PITT-RIVERS, A. H. L. F.
Hawley, Amos H. University of North Carolina ECOLOGY, article on HUMAN ECOLOGY
Hayek, Friedrich A. von University of Freiburg im Breisgau ECONOMIC THOUGHT, article on THE AUSTRIAN SCHOOL; MENGER, CARL; WIESER, FRIEDRICH VON
Heady, Ferrel University of Michigan CIVIL SERVICE
Heard, Alexander Vanderbilt University POLITICAL FINANCING
Heberle, Rudolf Louisiana State University SIEGFRIED, ANDRE; SOCIAL MOVEMENTS, article on TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL MOVEMENTS; TONNIES, FERDINAND
Hecht, J. Jean Kew Gardens, New York HISTORY, article on SOCIAL HISTORY
Heflebower, R. B. Northwestern University INTERNAL TRADE
Heider, Fritz University of Kansas STERN, WILLIAM
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Heider, Grace M. University of Kansas KOFFKA, KURT
Hidy, Ralph W. Harvard University HISTORY, article on BUSINESS HISTORY
Heine-Geldern, Robert University of Vienna DIFFUSION, article on CULTURAL DIFFUSION
Higham, John
Heiss, Klaus-Peter
Hildreth, Clifford
Mathematica (Princeton, New Jersey) BENINI, RODOLFO; LEXIS, WILHELM
Heizer, Robert F. University of California, Berkeley GIFFORD, EDWARD W.
Hellman, C. Doris City University of New York, Queens College SARTON, GEORGE
Helson, Harry Kansas State University PERCEPTION, article on PERCEPTUAL CONSTANCY
Henderson, Gerald M. City University of New York, Brooklyn College CULTURE AREA
Henle, Peter Bureau of Labor Statistics (Washington, D.C.) WAGES, article on FRINGE BENEFITS
Henninger, Joseph University of Fribourg SCHMIDT, WILHELM
23
University of Michigan BEARD, CHARLES A.
University of Minnesota EDGEWORTH, FRANCIS YSIDRO
Hilgard, Ernest R. Stanford University PSYCHOANALYSIS, article on EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES
Hill, Reuben L. University of Minnesota WALLER, WILLARD W.
Himmelfarb, Gertrude City University of New York, Brooklyn College ACTON, J. E. E. D.
Hinton, R. W. K. Peterhouse (Cambridge) MUN, THOMAS
Hirshleifer, Jack University of California, Los Angeles INVESTMENT, article on THE INVESTMENT DECISION
Hobbs, Nicholas George Peabody College for Teachers ETHICS, article on ETHICAL ISSUES IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES
Henry, William E. University of Chicago PROJECTIVE METHODS, article on THE THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST
Hobsbawm, E. J. Birkbeck College (London) POVERTY
Hermann, Charles F. Princeton University SIMULATION, article on POLITICAL PROCESSES
Hochberg, Julian E. New York University PERCEPTION, introductory article
Herring, Pendleton
Hockett, Charles F. Cornell University BLOOMFIELD, LEONARD
Social Science Research Council (New York) PUBLIC INTEREST
Herz, John H. City University of New York, City College INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, article on IDEOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Hess, Eckhard H. University of Chicago IMPRINTING
Hexter, J. H. Yale University HISTORIOGRAPHY, article on THE RHETORIC OF HISTORY
Hodge, Robert W. University of Chicago STRATIFICATION, SOCIAL, article on THE MEASUREMENT OF SOCIAL CLASS
Hodgen, Margaret T. University of California, Berkeley TEGGART, FREDERICK J.
Hodges, H. A. University of Reading DILTHEY, WILHELM
24
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Hodges, J. L., Jr. University of California, Berkeley SUFFICIENCY
Hodos, William Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (Washington, D.C.) NERVOUS SYSTEM, article on BRAIN STIMULATION
Hoebel, E. Adamson University of Minnesota MAINE, HENRY SUMNER Hoffmann, Stanley Harvard University BALANCE OF POWER
Hoggart, Richard University of Birmingham COMMUNICATION, MASS, article on TELEVISION AND ITS PLACE IN MASS CULTURE
Hohenwart-Gerlachstein, Anna University of Vienna KOPPERS, WlLHELM
Holborn, Louise W. Radcliffe Institute for Independent Study (Cambridge, Massachusetts) REFUGEES, article on WORLD PROBLEMS
Holland, Daniel M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology PENSION FUNDS
Hollerbach, Alexander School of Business (Mannheim, Germany) JELLINEK, GEORG
Holt, Robert R. New York University FREUD, SIGMUND Holtzman, Wayne H. University of Texas PERSONALITY MEASUREMENT, article on PERSONALITY INVENTORIES
Holzman, Franklyn D. Tufts University COMMUNISM, ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION OF, article on PUBLIC FINANCE
Hoover, Calvin B. Duke University CAPITALISM
Hoover, Edgar M. University of Pittsburgh SPATIAL ECONOMICS, article on THE PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM APPROACH
Hoover, Ethel D. Bureau of Labor Statistics (Washington, D.C.) INDEX NUMBERS, article on PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
Hoselitz, Bert F. University of Chicago ECONOMIC GROWTH, article on NONECONOMIC ASPECTS; QUESNAY, FRANCOIS
Hotelling, Harold University of North Carolina MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS, article On CORRELATION (2)
House, Floyd N. University of Virginia RATZENHOFER, GUSTAV
Houthakker, H. S. Harvard University ENGEL, ERNST
Hughes, Charles C. Michigan State University MEDICAL CARE, article on ETHNOMEDICINE
Hughes, H. Stuart Harvard University CROCE, BENEDETTO
Hughes, Helen MacGill Brandeis University PARK, ROBERT E.
Hughes, J. R. T. Northwestern University INDUSTRIALIZATION, article on ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Huitt, Ralph K. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (Washington, D.C.) LEGISLATION, article on LEGISLATURES Humphreys, Lloyd G. University of Illinois FACTOR ANALYSIS, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
Homans, George Caspar Harvard University GROUPS, article on THE STUDY OF GROUPS; HENDERSON, L. J.
Huntington, Samuel P. Harvard University CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS: MILITARY POLICY
Hooker, Evelyn
Hutchison, T. W.
University of California, Los Angeles SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, article on HOMOSEXUALITY
University of Birmingham JEVONS, WILLIAM STANLEY; THORNTON, HENRY
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
25
Hyman, Herbert H. Columbia Vniversity REFERENCE GROUPS
Janis, Irving L. Yale University HOVLAND, CARL I.; PERSUASION
Hymes, Dell University of Pennsylvania LINGUISTICS, article on THE FIELD
Janowitz, Morris University of Chicago COMMUNICATION, MASS, article on THE STUDY OF MASS COMMUNICATION; POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
I
Jelinek, Arthur J. University of Arizona HUNTING AND GATHERING, article on NEW WORLD PREHISTORIC SOCIETIES
Ilde, Fred Charles Massachusetts Institute of Technology NEGOTIATION Inalcik, Halil University of Ankara GOKALP, ZlYA
Irwin, J. O. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine COSSET, WILLIAM SEALY Isard, Walter University of Pennsylvania REGIONAL SCIENCE
J Jacobi, Jolande C. G. Jung Institute (Zurich) JUNG, CARL GUSTAV Jacobs, Ann M. University of Chicago TABULAR PRESENTATION Jacobson, Harold K. University of Michigan TRUSTEESHIP Jaffa, Harry V. Claremont Men's College NATURAL RIGHTS
Jenkin, Thomas P. University of California, Riverside OLIGARCHY Jenkins, James J. University of Minnesota PATERSON, DONALD G. Jenks, C. Wilfred International Labour Organisation (Geneva") ADJUDICATION, article on INTERNATIONAL ADJUDICATION
Jerison, Harry J. Antioch College ATTENTION Jeuck, John E. University of Chicago MARKET RESEARCH, article on MARKET ANALYSIS Johnson, Alvin New School for Social Research FOREWORD Johnson, D. Gale University of Chicago AGRICULTURE, article on PRICE AND INCOME POLICIES Johnson, Donald M. Michigan State University REASONING AND LOGIC Johnson, Glenn L. Michigan State University AGRICULTURE, article on CAPITAL
Jaffe, A. J. Columbia University KULISCHER, EUGENE; LABOR FORCE, article on DEFINITIONS AND MEASUREMENT; OGBURN, WILLIAM FIELDING
Johnson, Harry G. University of Chicago and London School of Economics and Political Science INTERNATIONAL TRADE, article on THEORY
Jaffe, William Northwestern University WALRAS, LEON
Johnson, Harry M. University of Illinois IDEOLOGY, article on IDEOLOGY AND THE SOCIAL SYSTEM
Janda, Kenneth Northwestern University REPRESENTATION, article on REPRESENTATIONAL BEHAVIOR
Johnson, N. L. University of North Carolina DISTRIBUTIONS, STATISTICAL, article on APPROXIMATIONS TO DISTRIBUTIONS
26
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Joncich, Geraldine University of California, Berkeley THORNDIKE, EDWARD L.
Karlen, Delmar New York University JUDICIAL PROCESS, article on JUDICIAL ADMINISTRATION
Jones, Jack 'New York City RANK, OTTO
Kateb, George Amherst College UTOPIANISM, article on UTOPIAS AND UTOPIANISM
Jones, William O. Stanford University PLANTATIONS
Katz, Daniel University of Michigan ALLPORT, FLOYD H.
Junod, Violaine Maker ere University College JUNOD, HENRI ALEXANDRE
Katz, Elihu University of Chicago and The Hebrew University DIFFUSION, article on INTERPERSONAL INFLUENCE
K
Katz, Jacob The Hebrew University JUDAISM
Kadushin, Charles Columbia University REASON ANALYSIS
Kauder, Emil Florida Presbyterian College BOHM-BAWERK, EUGEN VON
Kagan, Jerome Harvard University PERSONALITY, article on PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
Kaufman, Herbert Ya/e University ADMINISTRATION, article on THE ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTION
Kahn, Alfred E. Cornell University CARTELS AND TRADE ASSOCIATIONS Kahn, Herman Hudson Institute (Harmon-on-Hudson, New York) NUCLEAR WAR Kahn, Robert L. University of Michigan INTERVIEWING, article on SOCIAL RESEARCH Kaplan, Abraham University of Michigan POSITIVISM Kaplan, Morton A. University of Chicago SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, article on INTERNATIONAL SYSTEMS Kaplan, Norman George Washington University SCIENCE, article on SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION Kaplan, Sylvan J. Virginia Polytechnic Institute RADIATION Kariel, Henry S. University of Hawaii PLURALISM Karl, Barry D. Washington University MERRIAM, CHARLES E.
Kautsky, John H. Washington University KAUTSKY, KARL Kazemzadeh, F. Yale University PAN MOVEMENTS Keirstead, B. S. University of Toronto PROFIT Keller, Suzanne Princeton University ELITES Kellerer, Hans University of Munich STATISTICS, DESCRIPTIVE, article on LOCATION AND DISPERSION Kelman, Herbert C. University of Michigan INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS Kemp, M. C. University of New South Wales INTERNATIONAL TRADE, article on TERMS OF TRADE Kendall, M. G. C-E-I-R (London) STATISTICS, article on THE HISTORY OF STATISTICAL METHOD; YULE, G. UDNY
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Kendall, Willmoore University of Dallas AUGUSTINE; SOCIAL CONTRACT
Kendler, Howard H. University of California, Santa Barbara CONCEPT FORMATION
Kendler, Tracy S. University of California, Santa Barbara CONCEPT FORMATION
Kendrick, John W. George Washington University NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS
Kenen, Peter B. Columbia University INTERNATIONAL MONETARY ECONOMICS, article on PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MOVEMENTS
Keyfitz, Nathan University of Chicago GOVERNMENT STATISTICS
Kimball, Solon T. University of Florida GENNEP, ARNOLD VAN ECimble, Gregory Duke University LEARNING, introductory article
Klausner, Samuel Z. University of Pennsylvania PSYCHIATRY, article on THE RELIGIO-PSYCHIATRIC MOVEMENT: SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, article On SOCIAL ASPECTS
Klein, George S. New York University PSYCHOANALYSIS, article on EGO PSYCHOLOGY; RAPAPORT, DAVID
Klein, Lawrence R. University of Pennsylvania SIMULTANEOUS EQUATION ESTIMATION Klemperer, Klemens von Smith College SPENGLER, OSWALD
Klineberg, Otto University of Paris PREJUDICE, article on THE CONCEPT
Klopstock, Fred H. Federal Reserve Bank of New York MONEY, article on MONETARY REFORM
Knadler, George A. Pennsylvania State University (Erie) BOWMAN, ISAIAH
Knorr, Klaus Princeton University MILITARY POWER POTENTIAL
King, Frederick A. University of Florida NERVOUS SYSTEM, article on STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE BRAIN
Kirchheimer, Otto Columbia University POLITICAL JUSTICE
ECirk, Dudley Stanford University POPULATION, article on THE FIELD OF DEMOGRAPHY
Kirkpatrick, Clifford Indiana University FAMILY, article on DISORGANIZATION AND DISSOLUTION
Kisch, Herbert Michigan State University BRENTANO, Lujo; HILDEBRAND, BRUNO; KNIES, KARL
Kish, George University of Michigan TELEKI, PAL
Klapper, Joseph T. Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc. (New York) COMMUNICATION, MASS, article on EFFECTS
Knowles, K. G. J. C. St. Cross College (Oxford) LABOR RELATIONS, article on STRIKES
Kohlberg, Lawrence University of Chicago MORAL DEVELOPMENT
Kohn, Hans City University of New York, City College MASARYK, THOMAS G.; NATIONALISM
Kolle, Kurt University of Munich BLEULER, EUGEN
Konefsky, Samuel J. City University of New York, Brooklyn College CARDOZO, BENJAMIN; HOLMES, OLIVER WENDELL
Konig, Rene University of Cologne COMTE, AUGUSTE; WlESE, LEOPOLD VON
Konlis, A. A. Moscow SLUTSKY. EUGEN
27
28
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Konvitz, Milton R. Cornell University CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, article on CIVIL RIGHTS
Kornhauser, William University of California, Berkeley MASS SOCIETY
Kuhn, Thomas S. Princeton University SCIENCE, article on THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE
Kuper, Leo University of California, Los Angeles SEGREGATION
Kossmann, E. H. University of Groningen GROTIUS, HUGO
Kowalik, Tadeusz Polish Academy of Sciences (Warsaw) LUXEMBURG, ROSA
Kraal, Johanna L. G. Felhoen Royal Tropical Institute (Amsterdam) SCHRIEKE, BERTRAM
Krader, Lawrence Syracuse University BOGORAZ, VLADIMIR G., STERNBERG, LEV Y., AND JOCHELSON, VLADIMIR; PASTORALISM; RADLOV, VASILII, AND BARTOL'D, VASILII
Lampman, Robert J. University of Wisconsin NATIONAL WEALTH, article on DISTRIBUTION
Lancaster, Jane B. University of California, Berkeley EVOLUTION, article on HUMAN EVOLUTION
Landau, David Columbia University QUETELET, ADOLPHE
Landau, Martin Kravis, Irving B. University of Pennsylvania INCOME DISTRIBUTION, article on FUNCTIONAL SHARE
Krech, David University of California, Berkeley TOLMAN, EDWARD C. Kristol, Irving New York City EQUALITY, article on EQUALITY AS AN IDEAL
Krucoff, Larry S. University of Chicago SOCIAL DARWINISM
Krugman, Herbert E. General Electric Company (New York) CONSUMERS, article on CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
City University of New York, Brooklyn College BRECHT, ARNOLD Landgren, Karl Gustav University of Lund CASSEL, KARL GUSTAV; DAVIDSON, DAVID Lane, Robert E. Yale University PERSONALITY, POLITICAL, article on THE STUDY OF POLITICAL PERSONALITY
Lang, Gladys Engel Center for Urban Education (New York) COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR
Lang, Kurt State University of New York, Stony Brook COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR; MILITARY
Kruskal, Joseph B. Bell Telephone Laboratories (Murray Hill, New Jersey) STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, SPECIAL PROBLEMS OF, article On TRANSFORMATIONS OF DATA
Kruskal, William H. University of Chicago SIGNIFICANCE, TESTS OF; STATISTICS, article on THE FIELD
Kuczynski, Jiirgen University of Berlin SOMBART, WERNER; STIRNER, MAX
Kuenne, Robert E. Princeton University BARONE, ENRICO
Laqueur, Walter Institute of Contemporary History REVOLUTION
(London)
Larson, Olaf F. Cornell University RURAL SOCIETY
Laslett, Peter Trinity College (Cambridge) HISTORY, article on HISTORY AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCES Lasswell, Harold D. Yale University POLICY SCIENCES
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Latham, Earl Amherst College WILSON, WOODROW
Latouche, Robert University of Grenoble FUSTEL DE COULANGES, NUMA DENIS
Laves, Walter H. C. Indiana University INTERNATIONAL CULTURAL COOPERATION
Lawrence, Douglas H. Stanford University LEARNING, article on DISCRIMINATION LEARNING
Lazarsfeld, Paul F. Columbia University QUETELET, ADOLPHE; SURVEY ANALYSIS, article on THE ANALYSIS OF ATTRIBUTE DATA
Lazarus, Richard S. University of California, Berkeley STRESS
Leach, Edmund R. King's College (Cambridge) ANTHROPOLOGY, article on THE COMPARATIVE METHOD IN ANTHROPOLOGY; RITUAL; RlVERS, W. H. R.; SOCIAL
STRUCTURE, article on THE HISTORY OF THE CONCEPT
Lebby, David Edwin University of Pennsylvania CONTAINMENT
Lebergott, Stanley Wesleyan University INCOME DISTRIBUTION, article on SIZE
Lecuyer, Bernard Centre d'Etudes Sociologiques (Paris) SOCIOLOGY, article on THE EARLY HISTORY OF SOCIAL RESEARCH
Leigh, Arthur H. Reed College THUNEN, JOHANN HEINRICH VON Leighton, Alexander H. Harvard University PSYCHIATRY, article on SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY
Leiserson, Avery Vanderbilt University PUBLIC OPINION, article on POLITICAL OPINION
Lekachman, Robert State University of New York, Stony Brook HOBSON, JOHN A.; TOYNBEE, ARNOLD; WAKEFIELD, EDWARD GIBBON
Lemert, Edwin M. University of California, Davis SOCIAL PROBLEMS
Leontief, Wassily Harvard University INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS
Lerner, Abba P. University of California, Berkeley CAPITAL
Lerner, Daniel Massachusetts Institute of Technology MODERNIZATION, article on SOCIAL ASPECTS
Lerner, Max Brandeis University BAGEHOT, WALTER, article on POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Leslie, Charles M. New York University REDFIELD, ROBERT Lesser, Alexander Hofstra University BOAS, FRANZ
Leduc, Gaston University of Paris SAY, JEAN BAPTISTE
Lester, Richard A. Princeton University UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE
Lehmann, E. L. University of California, Berkeley HYPOTHESIS TESTING
Letiche, John M. University of California, Berkeley GERVAISE, ISAAC; MISSELDEN, EDWARD
Lehmann, Heinz E. Douglas Hospital (Verdun, Quebec) MENTAL DISORDERS, TREATMENT OF, article on SOMATIC TREATMENT
Lehmann, William C. Syracuse University FERGUSON, ADAM; MILLAR, JOHN
Levenson, Bernard Columbia University PANEL STUDIES
Levine, Donald N. University of Chicago INTEGRATION, article on CULTURAL INTEGRATION
29
SO
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Levine, Jacob Veterans Administration Hospital (West Haven, Connecticut*) HUMOR Levinson, Daniel J. Yale University FRENKEL-BRUNSWIK, ELSE; PERSONALITY, POLITICAL, article on CONSERVATISM AND RADICALISM Levy, David M. New York City PSYCHIATRY, article on CHILD PSYCHIATRY
Levy, Marion J., Jr. Princeton University FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS, article on STRUCTURALFUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS; GRANET, MARCEL
Lewin, Bertram D. University of Pittsburgh PHOBIAS
Lienhardt, R. G. Exeter College (Oxford) FRAZER, JAMES GEORGE; THEOLOGY, PRIMITIVE
Lindesmith, Alfred R. Indiana University PUNISHMENT
Lindley, Dennis V. University College of Wales, Aberystwyth KEYNES, JOHN MAYNARD, article on CONTRIBUTIONS TO STATISTICS
Lindsley, Donald B. University of California, Los Angeles NERVOUS SYSTEM, article on ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY
Lindzey, Gardner University of Texas PROTECTIVE METHODS, article on PROTECTIVE TECHNIQUES
Lewis, Ben W. Oberlin College PRICES, article on PRICE CONTROL AND RATIONING
Lewis, H. Gregg University of Chicago LABOR UNIONS, article on INFLUENCE ON WAGES
Lewis, I. M. University College (London*) TRIBAL SOCIETY Lewis, John D. Oberlin College GIERKE, OTTO VON
Lewis, Phillip H. Field Museum of National History (Chicago) PRIMITIVE ART
Lewis, W. Arthur Princeton University PLANNING, ECONOMIC, article on DEVELOPMENT
Linz, Juan J. Columbia University MICHELS, ROBERT
Lippitt, Ronald University of Michigan LEWIN, KURT Lipset, Seymour M. Harvard University ANGLO-AMERICAN SOCIETY; OSTROGORSKII, MOISEI IA.; STRATIFICATION, SOCIAL, article on SOCIAL CLASS Lipsey, Richard G. University of Essex INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION, article on ECONOMIC UNIONS
Lipsitt, Lewis P. Brown University LEARNING, article on LEARNING IN CHILDREN
PLANNING
Le won tin, R. C. University of Chicago EVOLUTION, article on THE CONCEPT OF EVOLUTION
Leyburn, James G. Washington and Lee University SUMNER, WILLIAM GRAHAM
Lichtheim, George London ALIENATION; HEGEL, GEORG WILHELM FRIEDRICH; LUKACS, GYORGY Lidz, Theodore Yale University MEYER, ADOLF; SCHIZOPHRENIA
Lipsitz, Lewis University of North Carolina CONSENSUS, article on THE STUDY OF CONSENSUS
Lipson, Leon Yale University SPACE, OUTER, article on POLITICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS
Lisansky, Edith S. Centra Nuclear, Edificio Biomedico (San Juan) DRINKING AND ALCOHOLISM, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Liska, George The Johns Hopkins University FOREIGN AID, article on POLITICAL ASPECTS
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Liu, Ta-Chung Cornell University ECONOMIC DATA, article on MAINLAND CHINA
Luchins, Abraham S. State University of New York, Albany WERTHEIMER, MAX
Livernash, E. Robert Harvard University LABOR RELATIONS, article on COLLECTIVE BARGAINING
Lukes, Steven
Lockard, Duane
Lurie, Nancy Oestreich
Princeton University LOCAL GOVERNMENT
31
Balliol College (Oxford) MAUSS, MARCEL
University of Wisconsin (Milwaukee) FLETCHER, ALICE CUNNINGHAM; PARSONS, ELSIE CLEWS
Locke, Harvey J. University of Southern California BURGESS, ERNEST W.
Liitge, Friedrich University of Munich LAMPRECHT, KARL
Loewenstein, Rudolph M. New York Psychoanalytic Institute PSYCHOANALYSIS, article on THERAPEUTIC METHODS Lofquist, Lloyd H. University of Minnesota BINGHAM, WALTER; VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION Logan, Frank A. Yale University HULL, CLARK L.
Long, Norton Brandeis University ADMINISTRATION, article on THE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESS
Longacre, William A. University of Arizona ARCHEOLOGY, article on RESEARCH METHODS
Loomis, Charles P. Michigan State University AGRICULTURE, article on SOCIAL ORGANIZATION
Lorie, James H. University of Chicago SECURITIES MARKETS
Lor win, Val R. University of Oregon SYNDICALISM
Lyons, Joseph Veterans Administration Hospital (Lexington, Kentucky) HUSSERL, EDMUND
M Maass, Arthur Harvard University CONSERVATION, article on POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS
McCandless, Boyd R. Emory University GESELL, ARNOLD L. McCarthy, Philip J. Cornell University INDEX NUMBERS, article on SAMPLING
McCleary, Robert A. University of Chicago LEARNING, article on NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
McClelland, Charles A. University of Southern California COMMUNICATION, POLITICAL, article on INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS
McCloskey, Robert G. Lothrop, S. K. Harvard University VAILLANT, GEORGE C.
Lowenthal, David American Geographical Society (New York) MARSH, GEORGE PERKINS
Luce, R. Duncan University of Pennsylvania MATHEMATICS; MODELS, MATHEMATICAL
Harvard University BRYCE, JAMES; CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, article on CIVIL LIBERTIES
McClosky, Herbert University of California, Berkeley POLITICAL PARTICIPATION McCord, William Rice University DELINQUENCY, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
32
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
McCurdy, Harold G. University of North Carolina LITERATURE, article on THE PSYCHOLOGY OF LITERATURE
McGaugh, James L. University of California, Irvine ELECTROCONVULSIVE SHOCK
Machlup, Fritz Princeton University PATENTS
Mack, Mary Peter Columbia University BECCARIA; BENTHAM, JEREMY
McKean, Roland N. University of California, Los Angeles ECONOMICS OF DEFENSE
McWhinney, Edward McGill University LEGAL SYSTEMS, articles on COMMON LAW SYSTEMS and CODE LAW SYSTEMS
Madan, T. N. Karnatak University MAJUMDAR, D. N.
Madansky, Albert Market Planning Corporation (New York) LATENT STRUCTURE
Madge, Charles University of Birmingham PLANNING, SOCIAL, introductory article
Madge, John Political and Economic Planning (London) HOUSING, article on SOCIAL ASPECTS
McKennan, Robert A. Dartmouth College DIXON, ROLAND B.
Magid, Henry M.
McKenzie, Lionel W.
Mahdi, Muhsin
University of Rochester INTERNATIONAL TRADE, article on MATHEMATICAL THEORY
City University of New York, City College FIGGIS, JOHN NEVILLE
University of Chicago IBN KHALDUN
Mair, Lucy Mackenzie, W. J. M. University of Glasgow ELECTIONS, article on THE FUNCTIONS OF ELECTIONS
McKersie, Robert B. University of Chicago WAGES, article on SYSTEMS OF PAYMENT
McKillop, Anne Columbia University READING DISABILITIES
London School of Economics and Political Science ANTHROPOLOGY, article on APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY
Maisel, Sherman J. Federal Reserve System (Washington, D.C.) HOUSING, article on ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Majumdar, R. C. Calcutta KAUTILYA Malkiel, Yakov
McKinley, Erskine Tulane University LONGFIELD, SAMUEL MOUNTIFORT
University of California, Berkeley LINGUISTICS, article on HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS
Mandelbaum, David G. MacKinnon, Donald W. University of California, Berkeley CREATIVITY, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
University of California, Berkeley ANTHROPOLOGY, article on CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY; SAPIR, EDWARD, article on CONTRIBUTIONS TO CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY
MacLeod, Robert B. Cornell University KATZ, DAVID; MULLER, JOHANNES; PHENOMENOLOGY; WEBER, ERNST HEINRICH
McNeill, John T. Union Theological Seminary CALVIN, JOHN
Macridis, Roy C. Brandeis University POLITICAL EXECUTIVE
Mandler, George University of California, San Diego ANXIETY Mansfield, Harvey C. Columbia University COMMISSIONS, GOVERNMENT
Maquet, Jacques Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes AFRICAN SOCIETY, article on SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Marchal, Andre University of Paris JUGLAR, CLEMENT
Margolis, Julius Stanford University LOCAL FINANCE
Marias, Julian Madrid GENERATIONS, article on THE CONCEPT; ORTEGA Y GASSET, JOSE
Matarazzo, Ruth G. University of Oregon SMOKING
Mathias, Peter Queens' College (Cambridge) CLAPHAM, JOHN HAROLD
Matthews, Donald R. University of North Carolina RULES OF THE GAME
Matthews, Jack Markham, Jesse W. Princeton University CLARK, JOHN MAURICE; OLIGOPOLY
Maron, M. E. University of California, Berkeley CYBERNETICS; WIENER, NORBERT
Marschak, Jacob University of California, Los Angeles DECISION MAKING, article on ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Marshall, Geoffrey The Queen's College (Oxford) DICEY, ALBERT VENN
Marshall, Gloria A. University of Michigan MARRIAGE, article on COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS Martel, Martin U. Brown University SAINT-SIMON
Martindale, Don University of Minnesota VERSTEHEN
University of Pittsburgh LANGUAGE, article on SPEECH PATHOLOGY
Mauro, Frederic University of Toulouse MERCIER DE LA RIVIERE
Maxwell, A. E. Maudsley Hospital (London} FACTOR ANALYSIS, article on STATISTICAL ASPECTS
May, Mark A. Yale University ANGELL, JAMES ROWLAND
May, Rollo New York City PSYCHOLOGY, article on EXISTENTIAL PSYCHOLOGY
Mayer, Adrian C. School of Oriental and African Studies (London) CASTE, article on THE INDIAN CASTE SYSTEM
Mayer, Kurt B. University of Bern POPULATION, article on POPULATION COMPOSITION
Mayhew, Leon H. University of Michigan LAW, article on THE LEGAL SYSTEM; SOCIETY
Marvick, Dwaine University of California, Los Angeles POLITICAL RECRUITMENT AND CAREERS Mason, Alpheus Thomas Princeton University BRANDEIS, Louis DEMBITZ
Mayntz, Renate Free University of Berlin SIMMEL, GEORG
Mead, Margaret American Museum of Natural History (New York) BENEDICT, RUTH; CONFERENCES; INCEST
Mason, Edward S. Harvard University CORPORATION
Mei, Y. P.
Masur, Gerhard
Meier, Gerald M.
University of California, Berkeley MEINECKE, FRIEDRICH Matarazzo, Joseph D. University of Oregon SMOKING
University of Iowa SHANG YANG
Stanford University FOREIGN AID, article on ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Meier, Richard L. University of Michigan PLANNING, SOCIAL, article on RESOURCE PLANNING
33
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DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Melamid, Alexander New York University ENCLAVES AND EXCLAVES
Michael, Donald N. University of Michigan SPACE, OUTER, article on SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Mellor, John W. Cornell University AGRICULTURE, article on DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Michaels, Joseph J. Belmont, Massachusetts CHARACTER DISORDERS
Melzack, Ronald McGill University PAIN
Michaely, Michael The Hebrew University INTERNATIONAL TRADE, article on PATTERNS OF TRADE
Mendelson, E. M. School of Oriental and African Studies (London) WORLD VIEW Mendelson, Wallace University of Texas JUDICIARY, article on JUDICIAL DISCRETION
Mentschikoff, Sola University of Chicago LLEWELLYN, KARL N.
Merriam, Alan P. Indiana University Music, article on ETHNOMUSICOLOGY
Merrill, Robert S. University of Rochester TECHNOLOGY, article on THE STUDY OF TECHNOLOGY
Mesnard, Pierre Centre d'Etudes Superieures de la Renaissance (Tours) SUAREZ, FRANCISCO
Messick, Samuel Educational Testing Service (Princeton, New Jersey) RESPONSE SETS
Mikesell, Marvin W. University of Chicago LANDSCAPE; RATZEL, FRIEDRICH
Mikesell, Raymond F. University of Oregon INTERNATIONAL TRADE CONTROLS, article on TRADE AGREEMENTS
Milbrath, Lester W. Northwestern University LOBBYING
Miles, Walter R. United States Naval Submarine Medical Center (Groton, Connecticut) SEASHORE, CARL E.
Miller, Daniel R. University of Michigan DEFENSE MECHANISMS
Millon, Rene University of Rochester URBAN REVOLUTION, article on EARLY CIVILIZATIONS OF THE NEW WORLD
Metraux, Rhoda American Museum of Natural History (New York) MALINOWSKI, BRONISLAW
Metzger, Wolfgang University of Miinster FECHNER, GUSTAV THEODOR
Meyer, Alfred G. University of Michigan MARXISM
Meyer, Gerhard University of Chicago WAGNER, ADOLF
Meyer, Henry J. University of Michigan SOCIAL WORK
Meyer, John R. Harvard University TRANSPORTATION, article on ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Mincer, Jacob Columbia University and National Bureau of Economic Research (New York) LABOR FORCE, article on PARTICIPATION
Miner, Horace M. University of Michigan COMMUNITY-SOCIETY CONTINUA Mintz, Sidney W. Yale University CARIBBEAN SOCIETY
Mishan, E. J. London School of Economics and Political Science WELFARE ECONOMICS
Mitchell, Robert E. The Chinese University of Hong Kong INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL, article on INFORMATION SERVICES
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Mitchell, William C. University of Oregon SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, article on POLITICAL SYSTEMS
Modelski, George University of Washington COMMUNISM, article on THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM
Morishima, Michio Osaka University ECONOMIC GROWTH, article on MATHEMATICAL THEORY Morison, Robert S. Cornell University CANNON, WALTER B.
Moriyama, Iwao M.
Modigliani, Franco
Public Health Service (Washington, D.C.) MORTALITY
Massachusetts Institute of Technology LIQUIDITY PREFERENCE
Morrall, JohnB.
Mogey, John Boston University FOLLETT, MARY PARKER; STAMP, JOSIAH CHARLES
Monbeig, Pierre Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
35
(Paris')
VlDAL DE LA BLACHE, PAUL
London School of Economics and Political Science GERSON, JEAN DE Morris, Bernard S. Indiana University COMMUNISM, article on THE INTERNATIONAL MOVEMENT
Money, John The Johns Hopkins University SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, article on SEXUAL DEVIATION : PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Montagu, Ashley Princeton, New Jersey HUXLEY, JULIAN Montias, John Michael Yale University PLANNING, ECONOMIC, article on EASTERN EUROPE
Moore, Peter G. The London Graduate School of Business Studies NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS, article on RUNS
Moore, WilbertE. Russell Sage Foundation (New York) INDUSTRIALIZATION, article on SOCIAL ASPECTS; SOCIAL CHANGE
Morgan, Clifford T. Austin, Texas LASHLEY, KARL S.; PSYCHOLOGY, article on PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Morgan, James N. University of Michigan SURVEY ANALYSIS, article on APPLICATIONS IN ECONOMICS Morgenbesser, Sidney Columbia University SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION Morgenstern, Oskar Princeton University GAME THEORY, article on THEORETICAL ASPECTS; SCHLESINGER, KARL; VlTI DE MARCO, ANTONIO DE; VON NEUMANN, JOHN
Morris, H. S. London School of Economics and Political Science ETHNIC GROUPS
Morris, Morris David University of Washington LABOR RELATIONS, article on DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Morris-Jones, Huw University College of North Wales, Bangor BOSANQUET, BERNARD Morrison, Emily Ithaca, New York BABBAGE, CHARLES
Morrison, Philip Massachusetts Institute of Technology BABBAGE, CHARLES
Morrow, Glenn R. University of Pennsylvania ACADEMIC FREEDOM
Moses, Leon N. Northwestern University SPATIAL ECONOMICS, article on THE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM APPROACH
Moses, Lincoln E. Stanford University STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, SPECIAL PROBLEMS OF, article on TRUNCATION AND CENSORSHIP
Mosteller, Frederick Harvard University ERRORS, article on NONSAMPLING ERRORS; WILKS, S. S. Mote, F. A. University of Wisconsin SENSES, overview article
36
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Mote, Frederick W. Princeton University CHINESE POLITICAL THOUGHT Mueller, Conrad G. Indiana University VISION, overview article
N Nadel, George H. Horsham, Sussex, England PERIODIZATION
Nader, Laura Muensterberger, Warner New York City ROHEIM, GEZA
Mullahy, Patrick Manhattan College SULLIVAN, HARRY STACK, article on INTERPERSONAL THEORY
Muller, Mervin E. University of Wisconsin RANDOM NUMBERS
Mumf'ord, Lewis Amenia, New York CITY, article on FORMS AND FUNCTIONS; GEDDES, PATRICK
Mundell, Robert A. University of Chicago INTERNATIONAL MONETARY ECONOMICS, article on BALANCE OF PAYMENTS
Mundlak, Yair The Hebrew University CROSS-SECTION ANALYSIS
Murphy, J. Carter Southern Methodist University INTERNATIONAL TRADE CONTROLS, article on STATE TRADING
University of California, Berkeley CONFLICT, article on ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Nash, Manning University of Chicago ECONOMIC ANTHROPOLOGY
Nataf, Andre University of Caen AGGREGATION
Natanson, Maurice University of California, Santa Cruz SCHUTZ, ALFRED
Nelson, Ralph L. City University of New York, Queens College MERGERS
Nelson, Richard R. RAND Corporation (Santa Monica, California) INNOVATION
Nemenyi, Peter University of North Carolina LINEAR HYPOTHESES, article on MULTIPLE COMPARISONS
Nerlove, Marc Yale University DISTRIBUTED LAGS
Murphy, Walter F. Princeton University JUDICIARY, article on JUDICIAL VALUES
Netzer, Dick New York University TAXATION, article on PROPERTY TAXES
Murray, Edward J. Syracuse University CONFLICT, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Neustadt, Richard E. Harvard University PRESIDENTIAL GOVERNMENT
Murray, Henry A. Harvard University PERSONALITY: CONTEMPORARY VIEWPOINTS, article on COMPONENTS OF AN EVOLVING PERSONOLOGICAL SYSTEM
Musgrave, Richard A. Harvard University PUBLIC EXPENDITURES
Mussen, Paul H. University of California, Berkeley PERSONALITY, article on PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
Muth, Richard F. Washington University RENT
Newell, Allen Carnegie-Mellon University SIMULATION, article on INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR
Niemeyer, Gerhart University of Notre Dame HELLER, HERMANN
Nisbet, Robert A. University of California, Riverside COOPERATION; TOCQUEVILLE, ALEXIS DE Noether, Gottfried E. Boston University PROBABILITY, article on FORMAL PROBABILITY
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
37
Oliver, Douglas L.
Nonet, Philippe University of California, Berkeley LAW, article on THE LEGAL PROFESSION
Harvard University OCEANIAN SOCIETY
Oppenheim, Felix E.
North, Douglass C. University of Washington HISTORY, article on ECONOMIC HISTORY
North, Robert C. Stanford University CONFLICT, article on POLITICAL ASPECTS
Notestein, Frank W. The Population Council (New York) WILLCOX, WALTER F.
Nove, A. University of Glasgow COMMUNISM, ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION OF, article on INTERNATIONAL TRADE
University of Massachusetts EQUALITY, article on THE CONCEPT OF EQUALITY; FREEDOM
Ore, Oystein Yale University BERNOULLI FAMILY
Organski, A. F. K. University of Michigan POWER TRANSITION
Osanka, Franklin Mark Stanford Research Institute (Menlo Park, California') INTERNAL WARFARE, article on GUERRILLA WARFARE
Osgood, Robert E.
Nowak, Stefan
The Johns Hopkins University (Washington, D.C.) LIMITED WAR
University of Warsaw OSSOWSKI, STANISLAW
Nutter, G. Warren University of Virginia INDUSTRIAL CONCENTRATION
Overholser, Winfred Washington, D.C. PSYCHIATRY, article on FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY
Owen, Don aid B. Southern Methodist University DISTRIBUTIONS, STATISTICAL, article on SPECIAL
O
CONTINUOUS DISTRIBUTIONS
Oberschall, Anthony R. Yale University SOCIOLOGY, article on THE EARLY HISTORY OF SOCIAL RESEARCH
Page, E. S.
O'Brien, William V.
King's College, Newcastle Upon Tyne QUALITY CONTROL, STATISTICAL, article on PROCESS
Georgetown University INTERNATIONAL CRIMES
CONTROL
O'Dea, Thomas F. University of California, Santa Barbara SECTS AND CULTS; TROELTSCH, ERNST
Oeser, O. A.
University of Rome ElNAUDI, LUIGI
Pardue, Peter A.
University of Melbourne JAENSCH, ERICH
Columbia University BUDDHISM
Ohlin, Goran Sveriges Industriforbund HECKSCHER, ELI
Papi, Ugo
Paret, Peter (Stockholm)
University of California, Davis CLAUSEWITZ, KARL VON
O'Kelly, Lawrence I. University of Illinois MOTIVATION, article on THE CONCEPT
Parnes, Herbert S.
Oldfield, Kathleen C. Oxford, England HARTLEY, DAVID
Parsons, James J.
The Ohio State University LABOR FORCE, article on MARKETS AND MOBILITY
University of California, Berkeley SAUER, CARL O.
38
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Parsons, Talcott Harvard University CHRISTIANITY; DURKHEIM, EMILE; INTERACTION, article on SOCIAL INTERACTION; PARETO, VILFREDO, article on CONTRIBUTIONS TO SOCIOLOGY; PROFESSIONS; SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, article on SOCIAL SYSTEMS; UTILITARIANISM, article on SOCIOLOGICAL THOUGHT
Passin, Herbert Columbia University JAPANESE SOCIETY
Patinkin, Don The Hebrew University INTEREST Patterson, Edwin W. University of Virginia POUND, ROSCOE
Payne, Stanley G. University of California, Los Angeles FALANGISM
Peabody, Robert L. The Johns Hopkins University AUTHORITY
Pechman, Joseph A. The Brookings Institution (Washington, D.C.) TAXATION, article on PERSONAL INCOME TAXES
Peltason, J. W. University of Illinois JUDICIAL PROCESS, introductory article
Penney, K. J. University of Exeter GIFFEN, ROBERT
Pennock, J. Roland Swarthmore College MAJORITY RULE
Penrose, Edith School of Oriental and African Studies (London) STAGNATION
Perlman, Mark University of Pittsburgh LABOR UNIONS, article on THEORIES OF THE LABOR
Peterson, Merrill D. University of Virginia JEFFERSON, THOMAS Pettigrew, Thomas F. Harvard University RACE RELATIONS, article on SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Pfanzagl, J. University of Cologne ESTIMATION, article on CONFIDENCE INTERVALS AND REGIONS Pfautz, Harold W. Brown University BOOTH, CHARLES; WARD, LESTER F. Phelan, William D., Jr. Harvard University JAMES, WILLIAM
Phelps Brown, E. H. London School of Economics and Political Science LABOR FORCE, article on HOURS OF WORK
Phoenix, Charles H. Oregon Regional Primate Research Center (Beaverton) and University of Oregon SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, article on ANIMAL SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
Piaget, Jean University of Geneva CLAPAREDE, EDOUARD; DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY, article on A THEORY OF DEVELOPMENT
Pichot, Pierre University of Paris BINET, ALFRED
Pinner, Frank A. Michigan State University CROSS PRESSURE
Pipes, Richard Harvard University KROPOTKIN, P'ETR
Pittman, David J. Washington University DRINKING AND ALCOHOLISM, article on SOCIAL ASPECTS
MOVEMENT
Pitt-Rivers, Julian Perrow, Charles University of Wisconsin ORGANIZATIONS, article on ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS
University of Chicago HONOR; KINSHIP, article on PSEUDO-KINSHIP
Pitts, Jesse R. Peters, E. L. Victoria University of Manchester SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON
Peter sen, William The Ohio State University (Columbus) MIGRATION, article on SOCIAL ASPECTS
Oakland University LE PLAY, FREDERIC; SOCIAL CONTROL, article on THE CONCEPT
Plewe, Ernst School of Business (Mannheim, Germany) RITTER, CARL
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Pliskoff, Stanley S. Arizona State University (Tempe) LEARNING, article on REINFORCEMENT
Polanyi, Karl Columbia University BUCHER, KARL
Polgar, Steven University of North Carolina HEALTH
Pollack, Irwin University of Michigan INFORMATION THEORY
Pollock, George H. Institute for Psychoanalysis (Chicago) and University of Illinois ALEXANDER, FRANZ; PSYCHOSOMATIC ILLNESS
Polsby, Nelson W. University of California, Berkeley COMMUNITY, article on THE STUDY OF COMMUNITY POWER
Pool, Ithiel de Sola Massachusetts Institute of Technology COMMUNICATION, POLITICAL, introductory article
Popper, Karl R. London School of Economics and Political Science PLATO
Porter, William E.
Pressat, Roland Institut National d'Etudes Demographiques (Paris) NUPTIALITY
Prewitt, Kenneth University of Chicago POLITICAL EFFICACY
Price, Barbara J. Columbia University TOZZER, ALFRED M.; VAILLANT, GEORGE C.
Price, Don K. Harvard University SCIENCE, article on SCIENCE-GOVERNMENT RELATIONS
Price, Edward T. University of Oregon GEOGRAPHY, article on CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY
Price, H. Douglas Harvard University KEY, V. O., JR.
Price, Jacob M. University of Michigan NAMIER, L. B. Pritchett, C. Herman University of Chicago CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, introductory article
Pye, Lucian W. Massachusetts Institute of Technology POLITICAL CULTURE
University of Michigan JOURNALISM Pospisil, Leopold Yale University FEUD Postgate, Raymond London COLE, G. D. H.
Postman, Leo University of California, Berkeley LEARNING, article on VERBAL LEARNING
Poulat, Emile Ecole Praitque des Hautes Etudes FOURIER, CHARLES
Q Quandt, Richard E. Princeton University PROGRAMMING
Quiggin, A. H. Cambridge, England HADDON, ALFRED CORT
Quinton, Anthony New College (Oxford) GREEN, T. H.
Powdermaker, Hortense City University of New York, Queens College FIELD WORK
Prawer, Joshua The Hebrew University FEUDALISM
Prelot, Marcel The Senate (Paris) PROUDHON, PIERRE JOSEPH
39
R Rabb, Theodore K. Princeton University BACON, FRANCIS Radway, Laurence I. Dartmouth College MILITARISM
40
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Ramm, Thilo University of Giessen ENGELS, FRIEDRICH
Reid, Margaret G. University of Chicago CONSUMERS, article on CONSUMPTION LEVELS AND STANDARDS
Ramond, Charles K. Columbia University ADVERTISING, article on ADVERTISING RESEARCH Rams0y, Odd University of Oslo FRIENDSHIP Ranis, Gustav Yale University ECONOMIC GROWTH, article on THEORY Ransom, Harry Howe Vanderbilt University INTELLIGENCE, POLITICAL AND MILITARY Rapoport, Anatol University of Michigan RANK-SIZE RELATIONS; RICHARDSON, LEWIS FRY; SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, article on GENERAL SYSTEMS THEORY
Rapoport, Robert N. Tavistock Institute of Human Relations (London) MENTAL DISORDERS, TREATMENT OF, article on THE THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY
Rein, Martin Bryn Mawr College PLANNING, SOCIAL, article on WELFARE PLANNING Reiner, Thomas A. University of Pennsylvania REGIONAL SCIENCE Reiss, Albert J., Jr. University of Michigan SOCIOLOGY, article on THE FIELD Revers, Wilhelm J. University of Salzburg KULPE, OSWALD; LOTZE, HERMANN Rheingold, Harriet L. University of North Carolina INFANCY, article on INFANT DEVELOPMENT Rheinstein, Max University of Chicago LEGAL SYSTEMS, article on COMPARATIVE LAW AND LEGAL SYSTEMS
Raup, Philip M. University of Minnesota LAND TENURE, article on LAND REFORM
Richter, Melvin City University of New York, Hunter College HALEVY, ELIE; LINDSAY, A. D.; MONTESQUIEU
Raven, Bertram H. University of California, Los Angeles GROUPS, article on GROUP PERFORMANCE
Riecken, Henry W. Social Science Research Council (New York) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, article on FINANCING SOCIAL RESEARCH
Razran, Gregory City University of New York, Queens College BEKHTEREV, VLADIMIR M.; PAVLOV, IVAN PETROVICH; SECHENOV, IVAN M.
Riesenfeld, Stefan A. University of California, Berkeley PUBLIC LAW, article on COMPARATIVE PUBLIC LAW
Reder, Melvin W. Stanford University WAGES, article on STRUCTURE
Riggs, Lorrin A. Brown University HUNTER, WALTER S.; VISION, article on EYE
Redlich, Fritz Harvard University BRINKMANN, CARL; EHRENBERG, RICHARD; GRAS, N. S. B. Rees, Albert Princeton University ECONOMICS Rees, John C. University College of Swansea MILL, JOHN STUART, article on POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Rees, W. L. L. University of London PSYCHOLOGY, article on CONSTITUTIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
MOVEMENTS
Riker, William H. University of Rochester COALITIONS, article on THE STUDY OF COALITIONS Riley, John W., Jr. Equitable Life Assurance Society (New York) DEATH, article on DEATH AND BEREAVEMENT Riley, Matilda White Rutgers University CONTENT ANALYSIS Rintala, Marvin Boston College GENERATIONS, article on POLITICAL GENERATIONS
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Riss, Walter State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center (Brooklyn) NERVOUS SYSTEM, article on EVOLUTIONARY AND
41
Roover, Raymond de City University of New York, Brooklyn College ECONOMIC THOUGHT, article on ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL THOUGHT; ORESME, NICOLE
BEHAVIORAL ASPECTS OF THE BRAIN
Roberts, Harry V. University of Chicago BAYESIAN INFERENCE
Robinson, Arthur H. University of Wisconsin CARTOGRAPHY
Robinson, Austin Sidney Sussex College (Cambridge') PIGOU, ARTHUR CECIL
Robinson, James A. The Ohio State University CRISIS; DECISION MAKING, article on POLITICAL ASPECTS
Roche, John P. Brandeis University CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, article on DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS
Rodman, Hyman Merrill—Palmer Institute of Human Development and Family Life (Detroit) STRATIFICATION, SOCIAL, article on CLASS CULTURE Roethlisberger, F. J. Harvard University BARNARD, CHESTER I.
Rogers, Lindsay Columbia University MOORE, JOHN BASSETT
Rogow, Arnold A. City University of New York, City College ANTI-SEMITISM; WALLAS, GRAHAM
Rokeach, Milton Michigan State University ATTITUDES, article on THE NATURE OF ATTITUDES
Rokkan, Stein The Chr. Michelsen Institute (Bergen) ELECTIONS, article on ELECTORAL SYSTEMS
Rolph, Earl R. University of California, Berkeley TAXATION, general article
Ronze, Raymond University of Paris RIVET, PAUL
Roosa, Robert V. Brown Brothers Harriman and Company (New York) JACOBS SON, PER
Rose, Arnold M. University of Minnesota MINORITIES
Rosecrance, R. N. University of California, Los Angeles DIPLOMACY
Rosen, Ephraim University of Minnesota ABRAHAM, KARL
Rosen, George Columbia University Louis, P. C. A.; PUBLIC HEALTH; RUSH, BENJAMIN Rosenau, James N. Rutgers University NATIONAL INTEREST Rosenfeld, Herbert A. London KLEIN, MELANIE
Rosenfield, Leonora Cohen University of Maryland COHEN, MORRIS R. Rosenthal, Franz Yale University HISTORIOGRAPHY, article on ISLAMIC HISTORIOGRAPHY
Ross, Aileen D. McGill University PHILANTHROPY
Ross, Arthur M. University of California, Berkeley LABOR RELATIONS, article on SETTLEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES
Ross, Leonard E. University of Wisconsin LEARNING THEORY
Ross, Sherman American Psychological Association (Washington, D.C.) DRUGS, article on PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
Rossiter, Clinton Cornell University CONSERVATISM Rostow, Eugene V. Yale University FRANK, JEROME
42
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Roth, Guenther University of California, Davis STEIN, LORENZ VON
Rothbard, Murray N.
Ryder, N. B. University of Wisconsin COHORT ANALYSIS
Rynin, David
Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn
University of California, Berkeley
VON MlSES, LUDWIG
SCHLICK, MORITZ
Rothenberg, Jerome Massachusetts Institute of Technology CONSUMER SOVEREIGNTY Rottenberg, Simon Duke University LICENSING, OCCUPATIONAL
Rotwein, Eugene City University of New York, Queens College HUME, DAVID
Rourke, Francis E. The Johns Hopkins University GOODNOW, FRANK J.; WILLOUGHBY, WESTEL WOODBURY
Roy, Rene University of Paris DIVISIA, FRANCOIS
Rubel, Maximilien Centre d'Etudes Sociologiques (Paris) MARX, KARL
Ruby, Jane E. Wheaton College MARSILIUS OF PADUA
Ruch, Theodore C. University of Washington SKIN SENSES AND KINESTHESIS
Ruebush, Britton K. University of Minnesota MENTAL DISORDERS, article on CHILDHOOD MENTAL DISORDERS
Ruel, M. J. University of Edinburgh MARETT, ROBERT RANULPH; MYRES, JOHN LINTON
Sabourin, P. Institut "Marcel Riviere" (Le Mesnil Saint Denis, Seine et Oise, France ) PINEL, PHILIPPE
Salin, Edgar University of Basel LIST, FRIEDRICH; ROSCHER, WILHELM; WEBER, ALFRED Salisbury, Richard F. McGill University TRADE AND MARKETS
Salvemini, Tommaso University of Rome GlNI, CORRADO
Sanders, Irwin T. Education and World Affairs (New York} COMMUNITY, article on COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
Sanford, Nevitt Stanford University PERSONALITY, article on THE FIELD
Santostefano, Sebastiano Clark University PERSONALITY MEASUREMENT, article on SITUATIONAL TESTS
Sarbin, Theodore R. University of California, Berkeley ROLE, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Sartori, Giovanni University of Florence DEMOCRACY; REPRESENTATION, article on REPRESENTATIONAL SYSTEMS
Ruggles, Richard Yale University ECONOMIC DATA, general article
Saulnier, Raymond J. Columbia University CREDIT, article on GOVERNMENT CREDIT
Ruist, Erik
Sauvy, Alfred
Stockholm School of Economics INDEX NUMBERS, article on THEORETICAL ASPECTS Rustow, Dankwart A. Columbia University NATION
College de France POPULATION, article on POPULATION THEORIES
Savage, I. Richard Florida State University NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS, article On THE FIELD
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Sayers, R. S. London School of Economics and Political Science BANKING, CENTRAL
Sayles, G. O. University of Aberdeen MAITLAND, FREDERIC WILLIAM
Sayles, Leonard R. Columbia University INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, article on HUMAN RELATIONS
Schaar, John H. University of California, Berkeley LOYALTY
Schachter, Oscar United Nations (New York} INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION
Schachter, Stanley Columbia University COHESION, SOCIAL Schilling, Warner R. Columbia University TECHNOLOGY, article on TECHNOLOGY AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Schilpp, Paul Arthur Southern Illinois University CASSIRER, ERNST
Schnore, Leo F. University of Wisconsin TRANSPORTATION, article on COMMUTATION
Schramm, Wilbur Stanford University COMMUNICATION, MASS, article on CONTROL AND PUBLIC POLICY
Schubert, Glendon University of North Carolina JUDICIARY, article on JUDICIAL BEHAVIOR
Schuessler, Karl F. Indiana University PREDICTION Schultz, Theodore W. University of Chicago CAPITAL, HUMAN Schuman, Frederick L. Williams College AGGRESSION, article on INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS
Schurmann, Franz University of California, Berkeley CHINESE SOCIETY
Schutz, William C. Esalen Institute (Big Sur, California) INTERACTION, article on INTERACTION AND PERSONALITY
Schwartz, Bernard Schlesinger, Joseph A. Michigan State University PARTIES, POLITICAL, article on PARTY UNITS
Schmeidler, Gertrude R. City University of New York, City College PARAPSYCHOLOGY
Schmid, Calvin F. University of Washington GRAPHIC PRESENTATION
Schmidhauser, John R. University of Iowa JUDICIARY, article on JUDICIAL RECRUITMENT
Schmookler, Jacob University of Minnesota RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, article on INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Schneider, Erich University of Kiel MANGOLDT, HANS KARL EMIL VON
Schneider, Eugene V. Bryn Mawr College BECKER, HOWARD
New York University ADMINISTRATIVE LAW Schwartz, Charlotte Green Brandeis University MENTAL HEALTH, article on THE CONCEPT Schwartz, Morris S. Brandeis University MENTAL HEALTH, article on THE CONCEPT Schweitzer, Arthur Indiana University KNAPP, GEORG FRIEDRICH Schwelb, Egon Yale University HUMAN RIGHTS
Scoble, Harry M. University of California, Los Angeles ACCESS TO POLITICS
Scott, Anthony University of British Columbia CONSERVATION, article on ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Scott, J. P. Bowling Green State University SOCIAL BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL, article on THE FIELD
43
44
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Scrimshaw, Nevin S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology FOOD, article on WORLD PROBLEMS
Scriven, Michael University of California, Berkeley SCIENCE, article on THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Seal, Hilary L. Yale University BAYES, THOMAS; MOIVRE, ABRAHAM DE
Sebeok, Thomas A. Indiana University COMMUNICATION, ANIMAL, article on COMMUNICATION MODELS AND SIGNALING BEHAVIOR
Selden, Richard T. Cornell University MONEY, article on VELOCITY OF CIRCULATION
Seligman, Lester G. University of Oregon LEADERSHIP, article on POLITICAL ASPECTS
Shah, A. M. University of Delhi HINDUISM
Shakow, David National Institute of Mental Health (Bethesda, Maryland) CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY; EBBINGHAUS, HERMANN
Shapiro, Eli Harvard University INSTALLMENT CREDIT
Shapiro, Harry L. American Museum of Natural History (New York) HOOTON, EARNEST A.; PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Shapiro, Herman San Jose State College OCKHAM, WILLIAM OF
Shapiro, Martin University of California, Irvine BLACKSTONE, WILLIAM
Sharp, Lauriston Sellin, Thorsten University of Pennsylvania CRIMINOLOGY
Selvin, Han an C. State University of New York, Stony Brook SURVEY ANALYSIS, article on METHODS OF SURVEY ANALYSIS
Selznick, Philip University of California, Berkeley LAW, article on THE SOCIOLOGY OF LAW
Semmel, Bernard State University of New York, Stony Brook ASHLEY, WILLIAM JAMES
Service, Elm an R. University of Michigan EVOLUTION, article on CULTURAL EVOLUTION
Cornell University LINTON, RALPH Sharp, Walter R. Yale University INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION, article on ADMINISTRATION
Shaw, E. S. Stanford University FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES
Sheldon, Eleanor Bernert Russell Sage Foundation (New York) WlRTH, LOUIS
Shera, Jesse H. Case Western Reserve University INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL, article on LIBRARIES
Sherif, Carolyn W. Seward, Georgene H. University of Southern California WOODWORTH, ROBERT S.
Pennsylvania State University GROUPS, article on GROUP FORMATION
Sherif, Muzafer Seward, John P. University of California, Los Angeles WOODWORTH, ROBERT S.
Sewell, William H. University of Wisconsin MENTAL HEALTH, article on SOCIAL CLASS AND PERSONAL ADJUSTMENT
Shackle, G. L. S. University of Liverpool ECONOMIC EXPECTATIONS
Pennsylvania State University GROUPS, article on GROUP FORMATION; SELF CONCEPT
Shibutani, Tamotsu University of California, Santa Barbara MEAD, GEORGE HERBERT; RUMOR
Shils, Edward University of Chicago and King's College (Cambridge) CHARISMA; CONSENSUS, article on THE CONCEPT OF CONSENSUS; IDEOLOGY, article On THE CONCEPT AND
FUNCTION OF IDEOLOGY; INTELLECTUALS; MANNHEIM, KARL
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS 45 Shiskin, Julius Bureau of the Census (Washington, D.C.) TIME SERIES, article on SEASONAL ADJUSTMENT
Shklar, Judith N. Harvard University HARRINGTON, JAMES
Shneidman, Edwin S. Center for Studies of Suicide Prevention, National Institute of Mental Health (Bethesda, Maryland) SUICIDE, article on PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS (1)
Short, James F., Jr. Washington State University DELINQUENCY, article on THE STUDY OF DELINQUENCY
Shoup, Carl S. Columbia University SELIGMAN, EDWIN R. A.; TAXATION, article on DEATH AND GIFT TAXES
Shubik, Martin Yale University GAME THEORY, article on ECONOMIC APPLICATIONS
Simmel, Marianne L. Brandeis University GOLDSTEIN, KURT
Simon, Herbert A. Carnegie-Mellon University ADMINISTRATION, article on ADMINISTRATIVE BEHAVIOR; CAUSATION; SIMULATION, article On INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR
Simons, Elwyn L. Yale University EVOLUTION, article on PRIMATE EVOLUTION Simpson, George Eaton Oberlin College ASSIMILATION
Singer, J. David University of Michigan DISARMAMENT
Singer, Jerome L. City University of New York, City College FANTASY
Shuval, Judith T. Israel Institute of Applied Social Research (Jerusalem) REFUGEES, article on ADJUSTMENT AND ASSIMILATION
Sibley, Mulford Q. University of Minnesota PACIFISM
Singer, Milton University of Chicago CULTURE, article on THE CONCEPT OF CULTURE
Sivadon, P. Institut "Marcel Riviere" (Le Mesnil Saint Denis, Siene et Oise, France) PINEL, PHILIPPE
Siegel, Paul M. University of Michigan STRATIFICATION, SOCIAL, article on THE MEASUREMENT OF SOCIAL CLASS
Sigmund, Paul E. Princeton University CANON LAW
Sills, David L. Columbia University and International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences INTRODUCTION; VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS, article on SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Sills, Yole G. Hastings-on-Hudson, New York SOCIAL SCIENCE FICTION
Silva, Ruth C. Pennsylvania State University APPORTIONMENT
Silvert, K. H. New York University CAUDILLISMO
Simmel, Arnold Columbia University PRIVACY
Sjoberg, Gideon University of Texas CITY, article on THE MODERN CITY
Skinner, B. F. Harvard University UTOPIANISM, article on THE DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTAL COMMUNITIES
Slater, Eliot Maudsley Hospital (London} MENTAL DISORDERS, article on GENETIC ASPECTS Small, Arnold M., Jr. University of Iowa HEARING
Smelser, Neil J. University of California, Berkeley ECONOMY AND SOCIETY
Smith, Bruce L. Michigan State University PROPAGANDA
Smith, David G. Swarthmore College LIBERALISM
46
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Smith, Joel Duke University TRANSPORTATION, article on SOCIAL ASPECTS
Smith, M. Brewster University of California, Berkeley ATTITUDES, article on ATTITUDE CHANGE; STOUFFER, SAMUEL A.
Smith, M. G. University of California, Los Angeles POLITICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, article on POLITICAL ORGANIZATION
Smith, Raymond T. University of Chicago FAMILY, article on COMPARATIVE STRUCTURE
Smith, Vernon L. Purdue University PRODUCTION
Smithies, Arthur Harvard University BUDGETING, article on GOVERNMENT BUDGETING
Snyder, Charles R. Southern Illinois University DRINKING AND ALCOHOLISM, article on SOCIAL ASPECTS
Sohmen, Egon University of the Saar INTERNATIONAL MONETARY ECONOMICS, article on EXCHANGE RATES
Solomon, Richard L. University of Pennsylvania LEARNING, article on AVOIDANCE LEARNING
Somers, Herman M. Princeton University WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION
Somers, Robert H. University of California, Berkeley STATISTICS, DESCRIPTIVE, article on ASSOCIATION
Somit, Albert State University of New York, Buffalo BRAINWASHING Sorokin, Pitirim A. Harvard University SOCIAL DIFFERENTIATION
Sotiroff, G. University of Saskatchewan BARTON, JOHN; SIMONDE DE SISMONDI, J. C. L.
Southall, Aidan Syracuse University STATELESS SOCIETY
Southern, R. W. All Souls College (Oxford) AQUINAS, THOMAS
Southworth, Herman M. Pennsylvania State University AGRICULTURE, article on MARKETING
Spate, O. H. K. Australian National University ENVIRONMENTALISM; HUNTINGTON, ELLSWORTH
Spengler, Joseph J. Duke University CANTILLON, RICHARD; CONDILLAC, ETIENNE BONNOT DE; ECONOMIC THOUGHT, article on PHYSIOCRATIC THOUGHT; LOTKA, ALFRED J.; POPULATION, article On OPTIMUM POPULATION THEORY; RAE, JOHN
Spicer, Edward H. University of Arizona ACCULTURATION
Spiegel, Henry W. Catholic University of America CAREY, HENRY C.; DAVENPORT, HERBERT J.; GOSSEN, HERMANN HEINRICH; WALKER, FRANCIS A.
Spiegelman, Mortimer Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (New York) LIFE TABLES
Spiro, Herbert J. University of Pennsylvania TOTALITARIANISM
Spiro, Melford E. University of Chicago CULTURE AND PERSONALITY
Spitz, Lewis W. Stanford University LUTHER, MARTIN
Spoehr, Alexander University of Pittsburgh COLE, FAY-COOPER
Sprout, Harold H. Princeton University GEOGRAPHY, article on POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY
Spuhler, J. N. University of Michigan GENETICS, article on RACE AND GENETICS
Spulber, Nicolas Indiana University ECONOMIC DATA, article on THE SOVIET UNION AND EASTERN EUROPE
Srinivas, M. N. University of Delhi HINDUISM
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Stagner, Ross Wayne State University HOMEOSTASIS
Staley, Eugene Stanford University and Stanford Research Institute (Menlo Park, California) INDUSTRY, SMALL
Stammer, Otto Free University of Berlin DICTATORSHIP
Stamp, L. Dudley London School of Economics and Political Science CARR-SAUNDERS, A. M.; LAND, article on CLASSIFICATION
Stanback, Thomas M., Jr. National Bureau of Economic Research (New York) INVENTORIES, article on INVENTORY BEHAVIOR
Stevenson, Harold W. University of Minnesota DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY, article on THE FIELD
Steward, Julian H. University of Illinois ECOLOGY, article on CULTURAL ECOLOGY
Stewart, T. D. Smithsonian Institution (Washington, D.C.) HRDLICKA, ALES
Stigler, George J. University of Chicago COMPETITION; MOORE, HENRY L.
Stinchcombe, Arthur L. University of California, Berkeley STRATIFICATION, SOCIAL, article on THE STRUCTURE OF STRATIFICATION SYSTEMS
Stockfisch, J. A. Stanley, Julian C. University of Wisconsin LINEAR HYPOTHESES, article on ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
Department of the Army (Washington, D.C.) EXTERNAL ECONOMIES AND DISECONOMIES
Stocking, George W., Jr. Stanner, W. E. H. Australian National University RADCLIFFE-BROWN, A. R.
Stan ton, Alfred H. Harvard University and McLean Hospital (Belmont, Massachusetts) SULLIVAN, HARRY STACK, article on LIFE AND WORK
Stark, Werner Fordham University STEUART, JAMES DENHAM; TURGOT, ANNE ROBERT JACQUES
Stein, Herbert The Brookings Institution (Washington, D.C.) FISCAL POLICY, overview article:, SIMONS, HENRY C.
University of California, Berkeley TYLOR, EDWARD BURNETT
Stoetzel, Jean University of Paris LE BON, GUSTAVE
Stokes, Donald E. University of Michigan VOTING
Stoll, Clarice S. Rutgers University CONTENT ANALYSIS
Stolper, Wolfgang F. University of Michigan SCHUMPETER, JOSEPH A.
Steindl, Josef Austrian Institute of Economic Research (Vienna) SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS IN ECONOMICS
Steiner, Peter O. University of Wisconsin MARKETS AND INDUSTRIES
Sternberg, David Columbia University HOMELESSNESS
Sternberger, Dolf University of Heidelberg LEGITIMACY
Stevens, Joseph C. Yale University PSYCHOPHYSICS
47
Stone, Julius University of Sydney INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT RESOLUTION
Stone, Lawrence Princeton University TAWNEY, R. H.
Storer, Norman W. Social Science Research Council (New York) SCIENCE, article on SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION
Straube, Helmut Frobenius Institute (Frankfurt am Main) FROBENIUS, LEO
Strauss, Leo University of Chicago NATURAL LAW
48
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Strausz-Hupe, Robert University of Pennsylvania CONTAINMENT Strotz, Robert H. Northwestern University ECONOMETRICS Strupp, Hans H. Vanderbilt University INTERVIEWING, article on THERAPEUTIC INTERVIEWING
T Taeuber, Conrad Bureau of the Census (Washington, D.C.) CENSUS Taf t, Philip Brown University LABOR UNIONS, article on THE STRUCTURE OF UNIONS IN THE UNITED STATES; PERLMAN, SELIG
Stuart, Alan London School of Economics and Political Science SAMPLE SURVEYS, article on NONPROBABILITY SAMPLING
Tagiuri, Renato Harvard University PERCEPTION, article on PERSON PERCEPTION
Stukat, Karl-Gustaf University of Gothenburg SUGGESTION
Tagliacozzo, Giorgio United States Information Agency (Washington, D.C.) SERRA, ANTONIO
Sturmthal, Adolf University of Illinois LABOR UNIONS, article on LABOR MOVEMENTS AND
Tajfel, Henri Linacre College and Pembroke College (Oxford) PERCEPTION, article on SOCIAL PERCEPTION
COLLECTIVE BARGAINING IN EUROPE
Suchman, Edward A. University of Pittsburgh EPIDEMIOLOGY Suppes, Patrick Stanford University MATHEMATICS; MODELS, MATHEMATICAL Suranyi-Unger, Theo University of Gottingen ECONOMIC THOUGHT, article on THE HISTORICAL SCHOOL Slitter, Jean Institut National d'Etudes Demographiques (Paris) GENETICS, article on DEMOGRAPHY AND POPULATION GENETICS
Sutton, Francis X. The Ford Foundation (New York) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE Sutton, Jacqueline Y. Dobbs Ferry, New York MONTESSORI, MARIA Swanson, Guy E. University of Michigan INTERACTION, article on SYMBOLIC INTERACTION Swerling, Boris C. Georgetown University COMMODITY AGREEMENTS, INTERNATIONAL Szasz, Thomas S. State University of New York, Upstate Medical Center (Syracuse) HYSTERIA
Talland, George Harvard University MENTAL DISORDERS, article on EXPERIMENTAL STUDY Talmon, Yonina The Hebrew University AGING, article on SOCIAL ASPECTS; MILLENARISM Tamagna, Frank M. American University BRESCIANI-TURRONI, CONSTANTINO Tanenhaus, Joseph University of Iowa JUDICIAL PROCESS, article on JUDICIAL REVIEW Tannenbaum, Arnold S. University of Michigan LEADERSHIP, article on SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS Tate, R. F. University of Oregon MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS, article on CORRELATION ( 1 )
Tax, Sol University of Chicago SOCIAL DARWINISM Taylor, Donald W. Yale University PROBLEM SOLVING Taylor, Over ton H. Harvard University CARVER, THOMAS NIXON Taylor, Richard W. Kent State University BENTLEY, ARTHUR F.
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Telser, Lester G. University of Chicago ADVERTISING, article on ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Tinbergen, J. Netherlands School of Economics PLANNING, ECONOMIC, article on WESTERN EUROPE
Thenen, R. The Hebrew University GOBINEAU, JOSEPH ARTHUR DE
Tingsten, Herbert Stockholm BRUSEWITZ, AXEL
Theocharis, Reghinos D. Bank of Cyprus (Nicosia) WHEWEIX, WILLIAM Thirring, Lajos Budapest K6ROSY,JOZSEF
Thoman, Richard S. Queen's University at Kingston GEOGRAPHY, article on ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY Thomas, Brinley University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire MIGRATION, article on ECONOMIC ASPECTS Thompson, Kenneth W. The Rockefeller Foundation (New York) COLLECTIVE SECURITY Thorndike, Robert L. Columbia University INTELLIGENCE AND INTELLIGENCE TESTING Thorner, Daniel Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes PEASANTRY Thorpe, Joseph S. Emory University PROTECTIVE METHODS, article on PROTECTIVE TECHNIQUES
Thouless, R. H. Corpus Christi College (Cambridge) TROTTER, WILFRED Thrupp, Sylvia L. University of Michigan GILDS Tiedeman, David V. Harvard University KELLEY, TRUMAN L. Tietze, Christopher The Population Council (New York) FERTILITY CONTROL
49
Tintner, Gerhard University of Southern California AUSPITZ, RUDOLF, AND LIEBEN, RICHARD; TIME SERIES, general article Tiryakian, Edward A. Duke University SOROKIN, PlTIRIM A.; TYPOLOGIES
Tobin, James Yale University CONSUMPTION FUNCTION Toby, Jackson Rutgers University DELINQUENCY, article on DELINQUENT GANGS Tolles, N. Arnold Cornell University WAGES, article on WAGE AND HOUR LEGISLATION Tolley, G. S. University of Chicago WATER RESOURCES Torgerson, Warren S. The Johns Hopkins University SCALING Toscano, Peter R. Western Illinois University GALIANI, FERDINANDO Tournay, Auguste Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes FLOURENS, PIERRE Trager, George L. Southern Methodist University WHORF, BENJAMIN L. Trappe, Paul Bern GEIGER, THEODOR
Timasheff, N. S. Fordham University EHRLICH, EUGEN
Treistman, Judith M. Cornell University and International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences CHILDE, V. GORDON
Timmons, John F. Iowa State University LAND TENURE, article on AGRICULTURAL TENANCY
Truman, David B. Columbia University POLITICAL GROUP ANALYSIS
50
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Tufnell, Olga London PETRIE, W. M. FLINDERS
Vallier, Vivian
Turnbull, Colin M.
van der Vaart, H. Robert
American Museum of Natural History (New York) HUNTING AND GATHERING, article on CONTEMPORARY SOCIETIES
Walnut Creek, California SOUTH AMERICAN SOCIETY
North Carolina State University at Raleigh VARIANCES, STATISTICAL STUDY OF
Vance, Rupert B. Turner, Ralph H. University of California, Los Angeles ROLE, article on SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Turner, Victor W. Cornell University MYTH AND SYMBOL; RELIGIOUS SPECIALISTS, article on ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY
Twedt, Dik Oscar Mayer and Company (Madison, Wisconsin} MARKET RESEARCH, article on CONSUMER RESEARCH
Tyler, Leon a E. University of Oregon INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES, article on SEX DIFFERENCES
University of North Carolina ODUM, HOWARD W.; REGION Vaughan, James H., Jr. University of Cincinnati HERSKOVITS, MELVILLE JEAN
Vayda, Andrew P. Columbia University WAR, article on PRIMITIVE WARFARE Venkatappiah, B. Bombay OFFICE, MISUSE OF
Verner, Coolie University of British Columbia ADULT EDUCATION
u Udy, Stanley H., Jr. Yale University SOCIAL STRUCTURE, article on SOCIAL STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
Underwood, Benton J. Northivestern University FORGETTING
Vickers, Douglas University of Pennsylvania NORTH, DUDLEY
Vickrey, William S. Columbia University DUPUIT, JULES; PRICES, article on PRICING POLICIES
Villey, Daniel University of Paris AFTALION, ALBERT
Underwood, Kenneth W. Wesleyan University PROTESTANT POLITICAL THOUGHT
Vinacke, W. Edgar
Urmson, J. O.
Vincent, Clark E.
Corpus Christi College (Oxford) UTILITARIANISM, article on THE PHILOSOPHY
State University of New York, Buffalo THINKING, article on THE FIELD
Wake Forest University ILLEGITIMACY
Viner, Jacob
V
Princeton University ECONOMIC THOUGHT, article on MERCANTILIST THOUGHT; SMITH, ADAM
Valien, Preston Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (Washington, D.C.) JOHNSON, CHARLES S.
Vallier, Ivan A. University of California, Berkeley RELIGIOUS SPECIALISTS, article on SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY; SOUTH AMERICAN SOCIETY
Voeks, Virginia San Diego State College GUTHRIE, EDWIN R. Vogt, Evon Z. Harvard University CULTURE, article on CULTURE CHANGE; KLUCKHOHN, CLYDE
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Vogt, Johan University of Oslo SUNDT, ElLERT LUND
Volkart, E. H. American Sociological Association (Washington, D.C.) THOMAS, W. I.
51
Walters, A. A. University of Birmingham PRODUCTION AND COST ANALYSIS
Wang Gungwu University of Malaya in Kuala Lumpur HISTORIOGRAPHY, article on SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY
Vose, Clement E. Wesleyan University CONFLICT OF INTEREST; INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL, article On REFERENCE MATERIALS AND BOOKS
Ward, Ian D. S. Monash University BERKELEY, GEORGE
Washburn, S. L. University of California, Berkeley EVOLUTION, article on HUMAN EVOLUTION; WEIDENREICH, FRANZ
Waddell, D. A. G. University of Edinburgh DAVENANT, CHARLES
Wagley, Charles Columbia University METRAUX, ALFRED
Wahlke, John C. University of Iowa LEGISLATION, article on LEGISLATIVE BEHAVIOR
Waldo, Dwight Syracuse University COKER, FRANCIS W.; PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Walker, Helen M. Columbia University PEARSON, KARL
Wallace, Anthony F. C. University of Pennsylvania COGNITIVE THEORY; MASS PHENOMENA; MOONEY, JAMES; NATIVISM AND REVIVALISM
Wallace, David L. University of Chicago CLUSTERING
Wallach, Hans Swarthmore College KOHLER, WOLFGANG Wallerstein, Immanuel Columbia University FANON, FRANTZ; MILLS, C. WRIGHT
Wallis, W. Allen University of Rochester PREFACE
Wallis, Wilson D. Annhurst College WISSLER, CLARK
Waters, Holland H. Frederick College PSYCHOLOGY, article on COMPARATIVE PSYCHOLOGY Watkins, Frederick M. Yale University STATE, article on THE CONCEPT
Watson, Robert I. Northwestern University CHARCOT, JEAN MARTIN; HALL, G. STANLEY; JANET, PIERRE Wax, Rosalie Hankey University of Kansas OBSERVATION, article on PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION
Weber, Eugen University of California, Los Angeles MAURRAS, CHARLES Weinberg, Gerhard L. University of Michigan NAMIER, L. B.
Weinberg, Julius Cleveland State University Ross, EDWARD A.
Weiner, Myron Massachusetts Institute of Technology NEUTRALISM AND NONALIGNMENT
Weinreich, Uriel Columbia University SEMANTICS AND SEMIOTICS Weinstein, Eugene A. Vanderbilt University ADOPTION
Weitzenhoffer, Andre M. Veterans Administration Hospital (Oklahoma City) HYPNOSIS; MESMER, FRANZ ANTON
52
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS
Wellek, Albert University of Mainz BUHLER, KARL; STUMPF, CARL
Wellisz, Stanislaw Columbia University LANGE, OSKAR
Wiener, Philip P. City University of New York, City College PEIRCE, CHARLES SANDERS
Wikler, Abraham University of Kentucky DRUGS, article on DRUG ADDICTION: ORGANIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Wenzel, Bernice M. University of California, Los Angeles TASTE AND SMELL
Wilcox, Clair Swarthmore College REGULATION OF INDUSTRY
Wepman, Joseph M. University of Chicago MENTAL DISORDERS, article on ORGANIC ASPECTS
Wildavsky, Aaron B. University of California, Berkeley BUDGETING, article on BUDGETING AS A POLITICAL
Wertheim, W. F. University of Amsterdam ASIAN SOCIETY, article on SOUTHEAST ASIA; ECONOMY, DUAL
Werveke, H. van University of Ghent PIRENNE, HENRI
Wheeler, Stanton Russell Sage Foundation (New York} DELINQUENCY, article on SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
White, Hayden V. University of Rochester Vico, GIOVANNI BATTISTA
White, Leslie A. University of Michigan BANDELIER, ADOLPH; CULTURE, article on
Wilensky, Harold L. University of California, Berkeley ORGANIZATIONS, article on ORGANIZATIONAL INTELLIGENCE
Wilhelm, Walter Max-Planck-Institut fiir Europdische Rechtsgeschichte (Frankfurt am Main) SAVIGNY, FRIEDRICH CARL VON
Wilkins, Leslie T. University of California, Berkeley CRIME, article on OFFENSE PATTERNS
Willett, Joseph W. Department of Agriculture (Washington, D.C.) COMMUNISM, ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION OF, article on AGRICULTURE
CULTUROLOGY; MORGAN, LEWIS HENRY
Whitin, T. M. Wesleyan University INVENTORIES, article on INVENTORY CONTROL THEORY
Whiting, John W. M. Harvard University SOCIALIZATION, article on ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Whitney, Vincent H. University of Pennsylvania POPULATION, article on POPULATION DISTRIBUTION
Whittle, P. University of Cambridge TIME SERIES, article on ADVANCED PROBLEMS
Whyte, William F. Cornell University MAYO, ELTON
Wickler, Wolfgang Max-Planck-Institut fur Verhaltensphysiologie (Seewiesen iiber Starnberg, Germany) ETHOLOGY
Williams, E. J. University of Melbourne LINEAR HYPOTHESES, article on REGRESSION
Williams, Harold L. University of Oklahoma SLEEP Williams, Robin M., Jr. Cornell University NORMS, article on THE CONCEPT OF NORMS; VALUES, article on THE CONCEPT OF VALUES
Willner. Dorothy University of Kansas NEAR EASTERN SOCIETY, article on ISRAEL
Wilson, Bryan R. All Souls College (Oxford) RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATION
Wilson, J. S. G. University of Hull BANKING
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Wilson, James Q. Harvard University POLITICAL CLUBS
Winch, Robert F. Northwestern University MARRIAGE, article on FAMILY FORMATION
Wiseman, Jack University of York NATIONALIZATION
Wispe, Lauren G. Department of Labor (Washington, D.C. ) SYMPATHY AND EMPATHY
Wittenborn, J. R. Rutgers University INTERVIEWING, article on PERSONALITY APPRAISAL
Wohl, Robert University of California, Los Angeles BAKUNIN, MIKHAIL A.
Wold, Herman University of Uppsala FAHLBECK, PONTUS ERLAND; TIME SERIES, article on CYCLES
Wolf, Erik University of Freiburg im Breisgau RADBRUCH, GUSTAV Wolfe, J. N. University of Edinburgh FIRM, THEORY OF THE
Wood, Neal York University MACHIAVELLI, NICCOLO
Wood, Robert C. Massachusetts Institute of Technology CITY, article on METROPOLITAN GOVERNMENT
Woodbury, Richard B. Smithsonian Institution (Washington, D.C.) ARCHEOLOGY, article on THE FIELD Wright, Arthur F. Yale University HISTORIOGRAPHY, article on CHINESE HISTORIOGRAPHY
Wright, Charles R. University of California, Los Angeles EVALUATION RESEARCH
Wright, John C. University of Minnesota INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT
Wright, Quincy University of Chicago WAR, article on THE STUDY OF WAR
Wiirtenberger, Thomas University of Freiburg im Breisgau KANTOROWICZ, HERMANN
Wynne-Edwards, V. C. University of Aberdeen SOCIAL BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL, article on THE REGULATION OF ANIMAL POPULATIONS
Wolfers, Arnold The Johns Hopkins University (Washington, D.C.) ALLIANCES
Wolfgang, Marvin E. University of Pennsylvania CRIME, article on HOMICIDE; LOMBROSO, CESARE
Wolin, Sheldon S. University of California, Berkeley POLITICAL THEORY, article on TRENDS AND GOALS
Wolman, Benjamin B. Adelphi University KANT, IMMANUEL
Wolpe, Joseph Temple University MENTAL DISORDERS, TREATMENT OF, article on BEHAVIOR THERAPY
Wood, Bryce Social Science Research Council (New York) AREA STUDIES
53
Y Yalman, Nur University of Chicago MAGIC
Yamey, B. S. London School of Economics and Political Science RESALE PRICE MAINTENANCE
Yinger, J. Milton Oberlin College PREJUDICE, article on SOCIAL DISCRIMINATION
Young, Alfred Northern Illinois University PAINE, THOMAS
Young, Paul Thomas University of Illinois DRIVES, article on PHYSIOLOGICAL DRIVES; EMOTION
54
DIRECTORY OF CONTRIBUTORS Zeisel, Hans
Zagorin, Perez University of Rochester HOBBES, THOMAS
Zajonc, Robert B.
University of Chicago POLANYI, KARL; STATISTICS AS LEGAL EVIDENCE
Zelditch, Morris, Jr. Stanford University STATUS, SOCIAL
University of Michigan CONFORMITY; THINKING, article on COGNITIVE ORGANIZATION AND PROCESSES
Zamansky, Harold S. Northeastern University PARANOID REACTIONS
Zangwill, O. L. King's College (Cambridge) BARTLETT, F. C.
Zarnowitz, Victor University of Chicago and National Bureau of Economic Research (New York) MITCHELL, WESLEY C.; PREDICTION AND FORECASTING, ECONOMIC
Zawodny, J. K. University of Pennsylvania INTERNAL WARFARE, article on CIVIL WAR
Zelen, Marvin National Cancer Institute (Bethesda, Maryland) QUALITY CONTROL, STATISTICAL, article on RELIABILITY AND LIFE TESTING
Zigler, Edward Yale University MENTAL RETARDATION
Zubek, J. P. University of Manitoba PERCEPTION, article on PERCEPTUAL DEPRIVATION
Zuckerman, Carl B. City University of New York, Brooklyn College KOHLER, WOLFGANG
Acknowledgments by Contributors
Acknowledgments by Contributors
The following contributors wish to extend their thanks for the special assistance they received in the preparation of their articles: D. L. Burkholder to R. R. Bahadur, for his valuable assistance. Bruno de Finetti to Leonard J. Savage, for help in all stages of the preparation of the article. Robert M. Elashoff to the U.S. Public Health Service, for research support. John H. Gagnon to the National Institute of Mental Health, for research support. Evelyn Hooker to the National Institute of Mental Health, for research support. Howard H. Kendler and Tracy S. Kendler to the Office of Naval Research and the National Science Foundation, for research support. Charles P. Loomis, whose article was published with the approval of the director of the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station as Article 4203. R. Duncan Luce and Patrick Suppes to the Carnegie Corporation and the National Science Foundation, for research support. Donald N. Michael to Don Flickinger, for furnishing valuable information about space flight. Frederick Mosteller to the Office of Naval Research and the National Science Foundation, for research support; to Mrs. Cleo Youtz, for her aid in all parts of the preparation of his article; to the following, who helped prepare source materials: Sarah Biss, E. F. Cornelius, Jr., Ralph B. D'Agostino, Elizabeth A. Feigon, Hedda Fish, Chien-Pai Han, Richard Jay Light, William S. Mosteller, and Rhett Tsao; to Harvard University's Social Relations 199, class of 1966, which aided with criticisms and suggestions, as did Yvonne M. M. Bishop, W. G. Cochran, A. P. Dempster, Jacob J. Feldman, Stephen Fienberg, Steven Fosburg, Gudmund Iversen, Leslie Kish, Thomas Lehrer, Richard Link, Lincoln E. Moses, Martin Schatzoff, Seymour Sudman, George B. Thomas, Jr., and John W. Tukey. Harriet L. Rheingold to the U.S. Public Health Service, for research support. Gerhard Tintner to the National Science Foundation, for research support. Herman Wold to Birgitta Hedman, for research assistance. John C. Wright to the National Science Foundation, the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and the Graduate School of the University of Minnesota, for research support. Edward Zigler to the National Institute of Mental Health, for research support.
57
Alphabetical List of Articles
Alphabetical List of Articles
Affection African Society
A Abraham, Karl Academic Freedom Access to Politics Accounting Acculturation Achievement Motivation Achievement Testing Acton, J. E. E. D. Adjudication
Ephraim Rosen Glenn R. Morrow Harry M. Scoble Sidney Davidson Edward H. Spicer John W. Atkinson Robert L. Ebel Gertrude Himmelfarb
I. DOMESTIC ADJUDICATION II. INTERNATIONAL ADJUDICATION
Adler, Alfred Administration I. THE ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTION II. THE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESS III. ADMINISTRATIVE BEHAVIOR
Administrative Law Adolescence Adoption Adult Education
David Fellman C. Wilfred Jenks Alexandra Adler
I. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS II. INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS
Leonard Berkowitz Frederick L. Schuman
I. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS II. SOCIAL ASPECTS HI. ECONOMIC ASPECTS
James E. Birren Yonina Talmon Earl F. Cheit
Agriculture Herbert Kaufman Norton Long
Advertising Aesthetics
Aftalion, Albert Age Differentiation Aggregation Aggression
Jacques Berque Jacques Maquet Daniel Villey P. H. Gulliver Andre Nataf
Aging
Herbert A. Simon Bernard Schwartz Dorothy H. Eichorn Eugene A. Weinstein Edmund deS. Brunner and Coolie Verner
I. ECONOMIC ASPECTS II. ADVERTISING RESEARCH
I. NORTH AFRICA II. SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Margaret K. Harlow
Lester G. Telser Charles K. Ramond Irvin L. Child
I. COMPARATIVE B. H. Farmer TECHNOLOGY II. SOCIAL Charles P. Loomis ORGANIZATION Wilhelm Abel III. HISTORY Dale E. Hathaway IV. PRODUCTION Glenn L. Johnson V. CAPITAL Varden Fuller VI. LABOR VII. PRODUCTIVITY AND Zvi Griliches TECHNOLOGY Herman M. Southworth VIII. MARKETING IX. PRICE AND INCOME D. Gale Johnson POLICIES John W. Mellor X. DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
61
62
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES George H. Pollock George Lichtheim Arnold Wolfers Daniel Katz Mag da B. Arnold Andrew Hacker Eberhard M. Pels Mark A. May Seymour M. Lipset Eugenia Hanfmann
Alexander, Franz Alienation Alliances Allport, Floyd H. Analytical Psychology Anarchism Anderson, Oskar N. Angell, James Rowland Anglo-American Society Angyal, Andras Anthropology
Joseph H. Greenberg
I. THE FIELD II. CULTURAL
ANTHROPOLOGY David G. Mandelbaum iii. SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY Raymond Firth IV. APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY
Lucy Mail'
V. THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY OF MODERN
SOCIETY
Walter Goldschmidt
VI. THE COMPARATIVE METHOD IN
ANTHROPOLOGY Anti-Semitism Antitrust Legislation Anxiety Apportionment Aptitude Testing Aquinas, Thomas Archeology I. THE FIELD II. RESEARCH METHODS Architecture Area Area Studies Aristotle Ashley, William James Asian Society I. SOUTH ASIA II. SOUTHEAST ASIA Assimilation Attention Attitudes
Edmund R. Leach Arnold A. Rogow Donald J. Dewey George Mandler Ruth C. Silva Edwin A. Fleishman R. W. Southern Richard B. Woodbury William A. Longacre C. A. Doxiadis Norton Ginsburg Bryce Wood Abraham Edel Bernard Semmel F. G. Bailey W. F. Wertheim George Eaton Simpson Harry J. Jerison
I. THE NATURE OF ATTITUDES
II. ATTITUDE CHANGE Augustine Auspitz, Rudolf, and Lieben, Richard Austin, John Authority Autocracy Automation
Milton Rokeach
M. Breivster Smith Willmoore Kendall Gerhard Tintner H. L. A. Hart Robert L. Peabody C. W. Cassinelli Joseph N. Froomkin
B Babbage, Charles Bachofen, Johann Jakob Bacon, Francis Bagehot, Walter I. ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTIONS II. POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Philip Morrison and Emily Morrison Johannes Dormann Theodore K. Rabb H. S. Gordon Max Lerner
J. A. Cardno Bain, Alexander Robert Wohl Bakunin, Mikhail A. Stanley Hoffmann Balance of Power Edwin G. Boring Baldwin, James Mark Bandelier, Adolph Leslie A. White J. S. G. Wilson Banking Banking, Central R. S. Sayers Chauncy D. Harris Baranskii, Nikolai N. F. J. Roethlisberger Barnard, Chester I. Frank H. Hankins Barnes, Harry Elmer Robert E. Kuenne Barone, Enrico O. L. Zangwill Bartlett, F. C. G. Sotiroff Barton, John Bastian, Adolf Herbert Baldus Bastiat, Frederic Huguette Durand Bayes, Thomas Hilary L. Seal Bayesian Inference Harry V. Roberts John Higham Beard, Charles A. Mary Peter Mack Beccaria Becher, Johann Joachim Herbert Hassinger Becker, Howard Eugene V. Schneider Behavioral Sciences Bernard Berelson Bekhterev, Vladimir M. Gregory Razran Leonard Carmichael Bell, Charles Benedict, Ruth Margaret Mead Benini, Rodolfo Klaus-Peter Heiss Bentham, Jeremy Mary Peter Mack Bentley, Arthur F. Richard W. Taylor Berkeley, George lanD.S. Ward Bernard, L. L. Harry Elmer Barnes Bernoulli Family Oystein Ore Bernstein, Eduard Christian Gneuss Bertillon, Jacques Terry N. Clark Beveridge, William Henry Margaret Cole Daniel Dugue Bienayme, Jules Pierre Pichot Binet, Alfred Bingham, Walter Lloyd H. Lofquist Bipartisanship Cecil V. Crabb, Jr. Martin Shapiro Blackstone, William Bleuler, Eugen Kurt Kolle Milton D. Graham Blindness Bloch, Marc Fernand Braudel Bloomfield, Leonard Charles F. Hockett Boas, Franz Alexander Lesser Bodin, Jean Julian H. Franklin Body Image Seymour Fisher Bogoraz, Vladimir G.; Sternberg, Lev Y.; and Jochelson, Vladimir Lawrence Krader Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von Emil Kauder Booth, Charles Harold W. Pfautz Boring, Edwin G. Karl M. Dallenbach Bortkiewicz, Ladislaus von E. J. Gumbel Bosanquet, Bernard Huw Morris-Jones Bowley, Arthur Lyon R. G. D. Allen Bowman, Isaiah George A. Knadler Brainwashing Albert Somit Brandeis, Louis Dembitz Alpheus Thomas Mason Brecht, Arnold Martin Landau Brentano, Lujo Herbert Kisch Bresciani-Turroni, Constantino Frank M. Tamagna Breuil, Henri Francois Bordes Brinkmann, Carl Fritz Redlich
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES Broca, Paul Brown, Ralph H. Brunswik, Egon Brusewitz, Axel Bryce, James Buber, Martin Bucher, Karl Buddhism Budgeting
Macdonald Critchley H. C. Darby Kenneth R. Hammond Herbert Tingsten Robert G. McCloskey Shmuel N. Eisenstadt Karl Polanyi Peter A. Par due
I. GOVERNMENT BUDGETING
Arthur Smithies
II. BUDGETING AS A
POLITICAL PROCESS Aaron B. Wildavsky Biihler, Karl Albert Wellek Buonarroti, Filippo Elizabeth L. Eisenstein Burckhardt, Jacob Rosalie L. Colie Bureaucracy Reinhard Bendix Burgess, Ernest W. Harvey J. Locke Burke, Edmund M. Morton Auerbach Business Cycles i. GENERAL Arthur F. Burns n. MATHEMATICAL MODELS Trygve Haavelmo Business Management Richard M. Cyert
C R. D. Collison Black Cairnes, John Elliott John T. McNeill Calvin, John Robert S. Morison Cannon, Walter B. Paul E. Sigmund Canon Law Joseph J. Spengler Cantillon, Richard Abba P. Lerner Capital Theodore W. Schultz Capital, Human Henry J. Bruton Capital, Social Overhead Francis A. Allen Capital Punishment Calvin B. Hoover Capitalism Samuel J. Konefsky Cardozo, Benjamin Henry W. Spiegel Carey, Henry C. Sidney W. Mintz Caribbean Society L. Dudley Stamp Carr-Saunders, A. M. Alfred E. Kahn Cartels and Trade Associations Arthur H. Robinson Cartography Overton H. Taylor Carver, Thomas Nixon Karl Gustav Landgren Cassel, Karl Gustav Paul Arthur Schilpp Cassirer, Ernst Caste I. THE CONCEPT OF CASTE Gerald D. Berreman II. THE INDIAN CASTE SYSTEM Adrian C. Mayer Cattell, James McKeen Arthur I. Gates Caudillismo K. H. Silvert Causation Herbert A. Simon Censorship Henry J . Abraham Census Conrad Taeuber Central Place Brian J. L. Berry and Chauncy D. Harris Centralization and Decentralization James W. Fesler Character Disorders Joseph J. Michaels Charcot, Jean Martin Robert L Watson Charisma Edward Shils Childe, V. Gordon Judith M. Treistman Chinese Political Thought Frederick W. Mote
Chinese Society Christianity City I. FORMS AND FUNCTIONS n. THE MODERN CITY
63
Franz Schurmann Talcott Parsons Lewis Mumford Gideon Sjoberg
III. METROPOLITAN GOVERNMENT
Robert C. Wood
IV. COMPARATIVE URBAN
STRUCTURE Theodore R. Anderson Civil Disobedience Christian Bay Civil-Military Relations Samuel P. Huntington Civil Service Ferrel Heady Claparede, Edouard Jean Piaget Clapham, John Harold Peter Mathias Clark, John Bates John M. Clark Clark, John Maurice Jesse W. Markham Clausewitz, Karl von Peter Paret Clinical Psychology David Shakow Clustering David L. Wallace Coalitions I. THE STUDY OF COALITIONS William H. Riker II. COALITION FORMATION William A. Gamson Codrington, R. H. Ernest Beaglehole Cognitive Theory Anthony F. C. Wallace Cohen, Morris R. Leonora Cohen Rosenfield Cohesion, Social Stanley Schachter Cohort Analysis N. B. Ryder Coke, Edward Edgar Bodenheimer Coker, Francis W. Dwight Waldo Cole, Fay-Cooper Alexander Spoehr Cole, G. D. H. Raymond Postgate Collective Behavior Kurt Lang and Gladys Engel Lang Collective Security Kenneth W. Thompson Colonialism I. POLITICAL ASPECTS Rupert Emerson n. ECONOMIC ASPECTS D. K. Fieldhouse Commissions, Government Harvey C. Mansfield Commodity Agreements, International Boris C. Swerling Commons, John R. Joseph Dorfman Communication Ray L. Birdwhistell Communication, Animal I. SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS II. COMMUNICATION MODELS
Jarvis Bastian
AND SIGNALING BEHAVIOR Communication, Mass
Thomas A. Sebeok
I. THE STUDY OF MASS
COMMUNICATION
Morris Janowitz
II. CONTROL AND PUBLIC
POLICY
Wilbur Schramm
III. TELEVISION AND ITS PLACE
IN MASS CULTURE iv. AUDIENCES v. EFFECTS Communication, Political i. INTRODUCTION II.
Richard Hoggart Leo Bogart Joseph T. Klapper Ithiel de Sola Pool
INTERNATIONAL
ASPECTS Communism i. SOVIET COMMUNISM
Charles A. McClelland Merle Fainsod
Alexander Dallin
II. NATIONAL COMMUNISM III.
THE INTERNATIONAL
Bernard S. Morris
MOVEMENT IV. THE INTERNATIONAL
George Modelski SYSTEM Communism, Economic Organization of I. OVERVIEW Abram Bergson II. AGRICULTURE
Joseph W. Willett
in. PUBLIC FINANCE IV. INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Franklyn D. Holzman A. Nove
Community
Jessie Bernard Irwin T. Sanders III. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Horace M. Miner Community-Society Continua George J. Stigler Competition Ward H. Goodenough Componential Analysis Robert L. Ashenhurst Computation Rene Konig Comte, Auguste Howard H. Kendler and Concept Formation Tracy S. Kendler Joseph J. Spengler Condillac, Etienne Bonnot de Gilles-Gaston Granger Condorcet Margaret Mead Conferences Conflict I. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS Edward J. Murray II. POLITICAL ASPECTS Robert C. North III. SOCIAL ASPECTS Lewis A. Coser IV. ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASPECTS Laura Nader Conflict of Interest Clement E. Vose Conflict of Laws Richard A. Falk Conformity Robert B. Zajonc Consensus I. THE CONCEPT OF CONSENSUS Edward Shils II. THE STUDY OF CONSENSUS Lewis Lipsitz Conservation TION
I. POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS
Arthur MttttSS
ii. ECONOMIC ASPECTS Anthony Scott Conservatism Clinton Rossiter Constitutional Law I. INTRODUCTION C. Herman Pritchett n. DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS John P. Roche in. CIVIL LIBERTIES Robert G. McCloskey iv. CIVIL RIGHTS Milton R. Konvitz Constitutions and Constitutionalism Carl J. Friedrich Consumer Sovereignty Jerome Rothenberg Consumers I. CONSUMPTION LEVELS AND
III.
CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
Consumer's Surplus Consumption Function Containment Content Analysis Cooley, Charles H. Cooper, John M. Cooperation
GENIUS AND ABILITY
Donald W. MacKinnon J. M. B. Edwards Robert E. L. Faris
Credit Raymond J. Saulnier Harold G. Halcrow
I. GOVERNMENT CREDIT
II. COMMUNITY DISORGANIZA-
STANDARDS
ASPECTS III.
Nelson W. Polsby
POWER
II. CONSUMER ASSETS
I. PSYCHOLOGICAL II. SOCIAL ASPECTS
I. THE STUDY OF COMMUNITY
P. Sargant Florence Edward S. Mason Armen A. Alchian Arthur H. Brayfield Douglas G. Chapman Henri Guitton Daniel J. Crowley
Cooperatives Corporation Cost Counseling Psychology Counted Data Cournot, Antoine Augustin Crafts Creativity
Margaret G. Reid Robert Ferber Herbert E. Krugman R. H. Coase James Tobin Robert Strausz-Hupe and David Edwin Lebby Matilda White Riley and Clarice S. Stoll Robert Cooley Angell Regina Flannery Robert A. Nisbet
II. AGRICULTURAL CREDIT
Crime I. CAUSES OF CRIME II. OFFENSE PATTERNS III.
WHITE-COLLAR CRIME
IV. HOMICIDE
Criminal Law Criminology Crisis Crisis Government Croce, Benedetto Cross Pressure Cross-section Analysis Culture
Donald R. Cressey Leslie T. Wilkins Marshall B. Clinard Marvin E. Wolfgang B. J. George, Jr. Thorsten Sellin James A. Robinson Karl Dietrich Bracher H. Stuart Hughes Frank A. Pinner Yair Mundlak Milton Singer David Sidney Leslie A. White Robert L. Carneiro Evon Z. Vogt Melford E. Spiro Robert W. Ehrich and Gerald M. Henderson R. M. Hartwell Josef Gugler M. E. Maron
I. THE CONCEPT OF CULTURE II. CULTURAL RELATIVISM III. CULTUROLOGY IV. CULTURAL ADAPTATION V. CULTURE CHANGE
Culture and Personality Culture Area Cunningham, William Cuvillier, Armand Cybernetics
D Darwin, Charles Davenant, Charles Davenport, Herbert J. Davidson, David Davy, Georges Death
Charles C. Gillispie D. A. G.Waddell Henry W. Spiegel Karl Gustav Landgren Josef Gugler
I. DEATH AND BEREAVEMENT
John W. Riley, Jr.
II. THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF DEATH
Debt, Public Decision Making I. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS II. ECONOMIC ASPECTS III.
POLITICAL ASPECTS
Decision Theory Defense Mechanisms Delegation of Powers
Robert W. Habenstein James M. Buchanan Ward Edwards Jacob Marschak James A. Robinson Herman Chernoff Daniel R. Miller G. Burdeau
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES Drugs
Delinquency I. THE STUDY OF DELINQUENCY II. SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS III. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS IV. DELINQUENT GANGS
Demand and Supply i. GENERAL ii. ECONOMETRIC STUDIES Democracy Depressive Disorders Descartes, Rene Deterrence Development Banks Developmental Psychology i. THE FIELD II. A THEORY OF DEVELOPMENT Deviant Behavior Dewey, John Dicey, Albert Venn Dictatorship Diffusion i. CULTURAL DIFFUSION
James F. Short, Jr. Stanton Wheeler William McCord Jackson Toby Kenneth E. Boulding Karl A. Fox Giovanni Sartori Silvano Arieti Rosalie L. Colie Richard A. Brody Shirley Boskey
Jean Piaget Albert K. Cohen Charles Frankel Geoffrey Marshall Otto Stammer Robert Heine-Geldern Torsten Hagerstrand Elihu Katz H. A. Hodges R.N. Rosecrance /. David Singer Charles E. Fritz Gary S. Becker Gerald Freund Marc Nerlove Frank A. Haight
II. SPECIAL CONTINUOUS
DISTRIBUTIONS III.
DonaldB.Owen
APPROXIMATIONS TO
DISTRIBUTIONS
N. L. Johnson
IV. MIXTURES OF
DISTRIBUTIONS Divisia, Francois Dixon, Roland B. Domestication
Wallace R. Blischke Rene Roy Robert A. McKennan
I. THE FOOD-PRODUCING
REVOLUTION ii. ANIMAL DOMESTICATION Douhet, Giulio Drama Dreams Drinking and Alcoholism
Robert J. Braidwood Robert H. Dyson, Jr. Fausto Bacchetti Faubion Bowers Calvin Hall
I. PSYCHOLOGICAL
ASPECTS ii. SOCIAL ASPECTS Drives i. PHYSIOLOGICAL DRIVES II. ACQUIRED DRIVES
ASPECTS DuBois, W. E. B. Duguit, Leon Dupuit, Jules Durkheim, Emile Duty
Sherman Ross Abraham Wikler John A. Clausen Francis L. Broderick Charles Eisenmann William S. Vickrey Talcott Parsons H. L. A. Hart
Ebbinghaus, Hermann Ecology I. HUMAN ECOLOGY II. CULTURAL ECOLOGY
Econometric Models, Aggregate Econometrics Economic Anthropology Economic Data I. GENERAL II. THE SOVIET UNION AND EASTERN EUROPE III. MAINLAND CHINA
Economic Equilibrium Economic Expectations Economic Growth i. OVERVIEW II. THEORY III. MATHEMATICAL THEORY IV. NONECONOMIC ASPECTS
David Shakow Amos H. Hawley Julian H. Steward Carl F. Christ Robert H. Strotz Manning Nash Richard Ruggles Nicolas Spulber Ta-Chung Liu Kenneth J. Arrow G. L. S. Shackle Richard A. Easterlin Gustav Ranis Michio Morishima Bert F. Hoselitz
Economic Thought
I. SPECIAL DISCRETE
DISTRIBUTIONS
I. PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY II. DRUG ADDICTION : ORGANIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS III. DRUG ADDICTION: SOCIAL
Harold W. Stevenson
II. THE DIFFUSION OF
INNOVATIONS III. INTERPERSONAL INFLUENCE Dilthey, Wilhelm Diplomacy Disarmament Disasters Discrimination, Economic Disengagement Distributed Lags Distributions, Statistical
65
EdithS. Lisansky Charles R. Snyder and David J. Pittman Paul Thomas Young Judson S. Brown
I. ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL
THOUGHT n. MERCANTILIST THOUGHT in. PHYSIOCRATIC THOUGHT iv. SOCIALIST THOUGHT
Raymond de Roover Jacob Viner Joseph J. Spengler Maurice Dobb
V. THE HISTORICAL
SCHOOL Theo Surdnyi-Unger vi. THE AUSTRIAN SCHOOL Friedrich A. von Hayek VII. THE INSTITUTIONAL
SCHOOL Economic Warfare Economics Economics of Defense Economies of Scale Economy, Dual Economy and Society Edgeworth, Francis Ysidro Education I. THE STUDY OF EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS n. EDUCATION AND SOCIETY III. EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION Educational Psychology Ehrenberg, Richard
Allan G. Gruchy Robert Loring Allen Albert Rees Roland N. McKean Joe S. Bain W. F. Wertheim Neil J. Smelser Clifford Hildreth Burton R. Clark C. Arnold Anderson A. H. Halsey Arthur P. Coladarci Fritz Redlich
66
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES
Ehrlich, Eugen Einaudi, Luigi Elasticity Elections
N. S. Timasheff Ugo Papi Diran Bodenhorn
I. THE FUNCTIONS OF
W. J. M. Mackenzie Stein Rokkan James L. McGaugh Electroconvulsive Shock Suzanne Keller Elites Albert Ellis Ellis, Havelock Harry Elmer Barnes Ellwood, Charles A. A. W. Coats Ely, Richard T. Paul Thomas Young Emotion Shmuel N. Eisenstadt Empires Employment and Unemployment R. A. Gordon Enclaves and Exclaves Alexander Melamid Engel, Ernst H. S. Houthakker Engels, Friedrich Thilo Ramm Engineering William M. Evan Engineering Psychology A. Chapanis Entrepreneurship Thomas C. Cochran Environment Marston Bates Environmentalism O. H. K. Spate Epidemiology Edward A. Suchman Equality ELECTIONS
II. ELECTORAL SYSTEMS
I. THE CONCEPT OF
EQUALITY Felix E. Oppenheim n. EQUALITY AS AN IDEAL Irving Kristol Erasmus H. A. Enno van Gelder Errors I. NONSAMPLING ERRORS Frederick Mosteller II. EFFECTS OF ERRORS IN
STATISTICAL ASSUMPTIONS Robert M. Elashoff Estimation I. POINT ESTIMATION D. L. Burkholder II. CONFIDENCE INTERVALS AND
REGIONS
/. Pfanzagl
Ethics I. ETHICAL SYSTEMS AND
SOCIAL STRUCTURES
Dorothy Emmet
II. ETHICAL ISSUES IN THE
SOCIAL SCIENCES Ethnic Groups Ethnography Ethnology Ethology Eugenics Evaluation Research Evolution
Nicholas Hobbs H. S. Morris Harold C. Conklin Harold E. Driver Irenaus Eibl-Eibesfeldt and Wolfgang Wickler Gordon Allen Charles R. Wright
I. THE CONCEPT OF
EVOLUTION n. PRIMATE EVOLUTION in. HUMAN EVOLUTION iv. CULTURAL EVOLUTION v. SOCIAL EVOLUTION
R, C. Lewontin Elwyn L. Simons S. L. Washburn and Jane B. Lancaster Elman R. Service Shmuel N. Eisenstadt
VI. EVOLUTION AND
BEHAVIOR Exchange and Display
Theodosius Dobzhansky Helen Coders
Experimental Design I. THE DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS II. RESPONSE SURFACES III. QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Expressive Behavior External Economies and Diseconomies
William G. Cochran G. E. P. Box Donald T. Campbell Nico H. Frijda J. A. Stockfisch
Factor Analysis A. E. Maxwell
I. STATISTICAL ASPECTS II. PSYCHOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
Fahlbeck, Pontus Erland Falangism Fallacies, Statistical Family I. COMPARATIVE STRUCTURE
Lloyd G. Humphreys Herman Wold Stanley G. Payne Irving John Good Raymond T. Smith
II. DISORGANIZATION AND
DISSOLUTION Famine Fan on, Frantz Fantasy Fascism Fashion Fatigue Febvre, Lucien Fechner, Gustav Theodor Federalism Ferenczi, Sandor Ferguson, Adam Fertility Fertility Control Feud Feudalism Fiducial Inference Field Theory Field Work Figgis, John Neville Film Financial Intermediaries Fine Arts i. ART AND SOCIETY
Clifford Kirkpatrick M. K. Bennett Immanuel Waller stein Jerome L. Singer Mario Einaudi Herbert G. Blumer S. Howard Bartley Fernand Braudel Wolfgang Metzger Daniel J. Elazar Frank Auld, Jr. William C. Lehmann Ronald Freedman Christopher Tietze Leopold Pospisil Joshua Prawer and Shmuel N. Eisenstadt D. A. S. Eraser Morton Deutsch Hortense Powdermaker Henry M. Magid Robert Gessner E. S. Shaw Francis Haskell
II. THE RECRUITMENT AND
SOCIALIZATION OF ARTISTS Mason Griff Firm, Theory of the J. N. Wolfe Fiscal Policy I. OVERVIEW Herbert Stein n. WARTIME FISCAL POLICY Roy Blough Fisher, Irving Maurice Allais Fisher, R. A. M. S. Bartlett Fletcher, Alice Cunningham Nancy Oestreich Lurie Fleure, H. J. E. Estyn Evans Flourens, Pierre Auguste Tournay Folklore William Bascom Follet, Mary Parker John Mogey
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES Food Nevin S. Scrimshaw Yehudi A. Cohen
I. WORLD PROBLEMS II. CONSUMPTION PATTERNS
Foreign Aid George Liska Gerald M. Meier Bernard C. Cohen Benton J. Underwood F. Emerson Andrews Emile Poulat Eugene V. Rostow R. G. Lienhardt iG. Franklin Edwards Felix E. Oppenheim Daniel J. Levinson Robert R. Holt Odd Rams0y Helmut Straube
I. POLITICAL ASPECTS II. ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Foreign Policy Forgetting Foundations Fourier, Charles Frank, Jerome Frazer, James George Frazier, E. Franklin Freedom Frenkel-Brunswik, Else Freud, Sigmund Friendship Frobenius, Leo Functional Analysis
I. STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS Marion J. Levy, Jr. II. VARIETIES OF FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS Francesca M. Cancian Fustel de Coulanges, Numa Denis Robei't Latouche
Gierke, Otto von Giffen, Robert Gifford, Edward W. Gilds Gini, Corrado Girshick, Meyer A. Gobineau, Joseph Arthur de Gokalp, Ziya Goldenweiser, Alexander A. Goldstein, Kurt Goodness of Fit Goodnow, Frank J. Gossen, Hermann Heinrich Cosset, William Sealy Government Government Statistics Graebner, Fritz Granet, Marcel Graphic Presentation Gras, N. S. B. Graunt, John Green, T. H. Grotius, Hugo Groups I. THE STUDY OF GROUPS II. GROUP BEHAVIOR III. GROUP FORMATION
G Galiani, Ferdinando Gall, Franz Joseph Galton, Francis Gambling Game Theory
IV. ROLE STRUCTURE
Peter R. Toscano Edwin Clarke F. N. David Edward C. Devereux, Jr.
I. THEORETICAL ASPECTS II. ECONOMIC APPLICATIONS
Gauss, Carl Friedrich Geddes, Patrick Geiger, Theodor General Will Generations I. THE CONCEPT II. POLITICAL GENERATIONS
Oskar Morgenstern Martin Shubik Churchill Eisenhart Lewis Mumford Paul Trappe John W. Chapman Julian Marias Marvin Rintala
Genetics I, GENETICS AND BEHAVIOR II. DEMOGRAPHY AND POPULATION GENETICS III. RACE AND GENETICS
Gennep, Arnold van Geography I. THE FIELD II. POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY III. ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY IV. CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY V. SOCIAL GEOGRAPHY VI. STATISTICAL GEOGRAPHY
George, Henry Gerson, Jean de Gervaise, Isaac Gesell, Arnold L. Gestalt Theory Giddings, Franklin H.
P. L. Broadhurst Jean Sutter J. N. Spuhler Solon T. Kimball Richard Hartshorne Harold H. Sprout Richard S. Thoman Edward T. Price Anne Buttimer Brian J. L. Berry Charles A. Barker John B. Morrall John M. Letiche Boyd R. McCandless Solomon E. Asch Frank H. Hankins
V. GROUP PERFORMANCE
Gumplowicz, Ludwig Guthrie, Edwin R.
67
John D. Lewis K. J. Penney Robert F. Heizer Sylvia L. Thrupp Tommaso Salvemini Kenneth J. Arrow R. Thenen Halil Inalcik David H. French Marianne L. Simmel H. T. David Francis E. Rourke Henry W. Spiegel J. O. Irwin David E. Apter Nathan Keyfitz Hermann Baumann Marion J. Levy, Jr. Calvin F. Schmid Fritz Redlich B. Benjamin Anthony Quinton E. H. Kossmann George Caspar Homans Morton Deutsch Muzafer Sherif and Carolyn W. Sherif A. Paul Hare Bertram H. Raven Harry Elmer Barnes Virginia Voeks
H Haddon, Alfred Cort A. H. Quiggin Halbwachs, Maurice Georges Friedmann Hale, Horatio Jacob W. Gruber Halevy, Elie Melvin Richter Hall, G. Stanley Robert I. Watson Jacob E. Cooke Hamilton, Alexander Hamilton, Walton H. Thurman Arnold Hammond, J. L. and Barbara T. S. Ashton Hankins, Frank H. Harry Elmer Barnes Hansen, Alvin Seymour E. Harris Harrington, James Judith N. Shklar Kathleen C. Oldfield Hartley, David G. Burdeau Hauriou, Maurice C. W. Guillebaud Hawtrey, R. G. Steven Polgar Health Arnold M. Small, Jr. Hearing Goran Ohlin Heckscher, Eli George Lichtheim Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Gerhart Niemeyer Heller, Hermann Jacob Beck Helmholtz, Hermann von George Caspar Homans Henderson, L. J. Edwin G. Boring Hering, Ewald James H. Vaughan, Jr. Herskovits, Melville Jean Richard Hartshorne Hettner, Alfred Herbert Kisch Hildebrand, Bruno
68
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES M. N. Srinivas and A. M. Shah Reinhard Bendix
Hinduism Hintze, Otto Historiography I. THE RHETORIC OF HISTORY II. AFRICAN HISTORIOGRAPHY III.
CHINESE HISTORIOGRAPHY
IV. ISLAMIC HISTORIOGRAPHY V. JAPANESE HISTORIOGRAPHY
J. H. Hexter K. O. Dike and J. F. A. Ajayi Arthur F. Wright Franz Rosenthal John Whitney Hall
VI. SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY
Wang Gungwu
History I. THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY
Patrick Gardiner
II. HISTORY AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCES III.
ETHNOHISTORY
IV. CULTURE HISTORY V. SOCIAL HISTORY VI. INTELLECTUAL HISTORY VII.
ECONOMIC HISTORY
VIII. BUSINESS HISTORY
Hjarne, Harald Hobbes, Thomas Hobhouse, L. T. Hobson, John A. Holmes, Oliver Wendell Holt, Edwin B. Homelessness Homeostasis Honor Hooton, Earnest A. Horney, Karen Housing I. SOCIAL ASPECTS II. ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Ho viand, Carl I. Hrdlicka, Ales Huizinga, Johan Hull, Clark L. Human Rights Humboldt, Alexander von Hume, David Humor Hunter, Walter S. Hunting and Gathering
Peter Laslett Bernard S. Cohn Joseph H. Greenberg J. Jean Hecht Crane Brinton Douglass C. North Ralph W. Hidy Nils Elvander Perez Zagorin Morris Ginsberg Robert Lekachman Samuel J. Konefsky Edwin G. Boring Theodore Caplow, Howard M. Bahr, and David Sternberg Ross Stagner Julian Pitt-Rivers Harry L. Shapiro Martin Birnbach John Madge Sherman J. Maisel Irving L. Janis T. D. Stewart Rosalie L. Colie Frank A. Logan Egon Schwelb Hanno Beck Eugene Rotwein Jacob Levine Lorrin A. Riggs
I. OLD WORLD PREHISTORIC SOCIETIES
J. Desmond Clark
II. NEW WORLD PREHISTORIC
SOCIETIES Arthur J. Jelinek in. CONTEMPORARY SOCIETIES Colin M. Turnbull Huntington,Ellsworth O. H. K. Spate Husserl, Edmund Joseph Lyons Huxley, Julian Ashley Montagii Hypnosis Andre M. Weitzenhoffer Hypothesis Testing E. L. Lehmann Hysteria Thomas S. Szasz
Muhsin Mahdi William Buchanan Erik H. Erikson
Ibn Khaldun Identification, Political Identity, Psychosocial Ideology
I. THE CONCEPT AND FUNCTION
Edward Shils
OF IDEOLOGY II. IDEOLOGY AND THE SOCIAL
Harry M. Johnson Clark E. Vincent Renee C. Fox Albert Bandura Hans Daalder Eckhard H. Hess Margaret Mead
SYSTEM
Illegitimacy Illness Imitation Imperialism Imprinting Incest Income and Employment Theory Income Distribution
Thomas S. Dernburg Irving B. Kravis Stanley Lebergott
I. FUNCTIONAL SHARE II. SIZE
Index Numbers Erik Ruist Ethel D. Hoover Philip J. McCarthy Charles Drekmeier Fred Eggan
I. THEORETICAL ASPECTS II. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS III.
SAMPLING
Indian Political Thought Indians, North American Individual Differences I. OVERVIEW n. SEX DIFFERENCES Individual Psychology Industrial Concentration Industrial Relations
Anne Anastasi Leona E. Tyler Heinz L. Ansbacher and Rowena R. Ansbacher G. Warren Nutter
I. INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS PSYCHOLOGY
B. von Haller Gilmer
II. THE SOCIOLOGY OF
WORK ni. HUMAN RELATIONS
Odile Benoit-Guilbot Leonard R. Sayles
IV. REWARD SYSTEMS AND
INCENTIVES Industrialization i. ECONOMIC ASPECTS n. SOCIAL ASPECTS Industry, Small Infancy I. INFANT DEVELOPMENT
Edward Gross /. R. T. Hughes Wilbert E. Moore Eugene Staley Harriet L. Rheingold
II. THE EFFECTS OF EARLY
EXPERIENCE Everett W. Bovard Inflation and Deflation M. Bronfenbrenner Information Storage and Retrieval I. THE FIELD Joseph Becker n. INFORMATION SERVICES Robert E. Mitchell in. LIBRARIES Jesse H. Shera IV. REFERENCE MATERIALS AND
BOOKS
Clement E. Vose
V. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ISSUES IN THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Information Theory Innis, Harold Adams Innovation Input-Output Analysis
Use Bry
Irwin Pollack V. W. Bladen Richard R. Nelson Wassily Leontief
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES Installment Credit Instinct Integration I. CULTURAL INTEGRATION ii. SOCIAL INTEGRATION Intellectual Development Intellectuals Intelligence, Political and Military Intelligence and Intelligence Testing Interaction i. SOCIAL INTERACTION II. SYMBOLIC INTERACTION in. DRAMATISM iv. SOCIAL EXCHANGE
Eli Shapiro C. G. Beer
Harry Howe Ransom Robert L. Thorndike Talcott Parsons Guy E. Swanson Kenneth Burke Peter M. Blau
V. INTERACTION AND PERSONALITY
I. REGIONAL INTEGRATION
EmStB.HaaS
Wolfram F. Hanrieder
FUNCTIONALISM AND FUNCTIONAL INTEGRATION
P. G. Bock
iv. ECONOMIC UNIONS Richard G. Lipsey International Law Percy E. Corbett International Legislation Oscar Schachter Internationa] Monetary Economics I. BALANCE OF PAYMENTS Robert A. Mundell ii. EXCHANGE RATES Egon Sohmen III.
INTERNATIONAL MONETARY ORGANIZATION
Edward M. Bernstein
IV. PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS International Organization
Peter B. Kenen
I. THE PROCESS AND THE
INSTITUTIONS ii. ADMINISTRATION in. FINANCING International Politics International Relations I. THE FIELD ii. IDEOLOGICAL ASPECTS in. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS International Trade I. THEORY ii. MATHEMATICAL THEORY III.
TERMS OF TRADE
iv. PATTERNS OF TRADE
W. M.Corden
EXPORT SUBSIDIES AND
DUMPING III.
Franz Gehrels
QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS
AND QUOTAS iv. TRADE AGREEMENTS v. STATE TRADING Internment and Custody Interviewing I. SOCIAL RESEARCH
Jagdish Bhagwati Raymond F. Mikesell J. Carter Murphy Albert D. Biderman Robert L. Kahn and Charles F. Cannell /. R. Wittenborn
ii. PERSONALITY APPRAISAL III.
THERAPEUTIC INTERVIEWING
Hans H. Strupp
Inventories I. INVENTORY BEHAVIOR Thomas M. Stanback, Jr. INVENTORY CONTROL THEORY
T. M. Whltin
Investment I. THE AGGREGATE INVESTMENT
ANALYSIS Robert F. Bales Interest Don Patinkin Interest Groups Henry W. Ehrmann Internal Trade R. B. Heftebower Internal Warfare I. CIVIL WAR /. K. Zawodny ii. GUERRILLA WARFARE Franklin Mark Osanka International Conflict Resolution Julius Stone International Crimes William V. O'Brien International Cultural Cooperation Walter H. C. Laves International Integration
III.
I. TARIFFS AND PROTECTIONISM
II.
William C. Schutz
VI. INTERACTION PROCESS
ii. GLOBAL INTEGRATION
International Trade Controls II.
Donald N. Levine Robert Cooley Angell John C. Wright Edward Shils
69
Inis L. Claude, Jr. Walter R. Sharp Rowland Egger William T. R. Fox and Annette Baker Fox Chadwick F. Alger John H. Herz Herbert C. Kelman Harry G. Johnson Lionel W. McKenzie M. C. Kemp
Michael Michaely
FUNCTION Robert Eisner ii. THE INVESTMENT DECISION Jack Hirshleifer Islam Charles F. Gallagher Isolationism Norman A. Graebner
J Jacobsson, Per Jaensch, Erich James, William Janet, Pierre Japanese Society Jefferson, Thomas Jellinek, Georg Jevons, William Stanley Johnson, Alvin Johnson, Charles S. Jones, Ernest Journalism Judaism Judd, Charles H. Judicial Process
Robert V. Roosa O. A. Oeser William D. Phelan, Jr. Robert I. Watson Herbert Passin Merrill D. Peterson Alexander Hollerbach T. W. Hutchison Gerhard Colm Preston Valien Edward Glover William E. Porter Jacob Katz Guy T. Buswell
I. INTRODUCTION II. COMPARATIVE ASPECTS III.
JUDICIAL ADMINISTRATION
IV. JUDICIAL REVIEW
J. W. Peltason Max Gluckman Delmar Karlen Joseph Tanenhaus
Judiciary I. JUDICIAL BEHAVIOR Glendon Schubert ii. JUDICIAL VALUES Walter F. Murphy in. JUDICIAL DISCRETION Wallace Mendelson iv. JUDICIAL RECRUITMENT John R. Schmidhauser Juglar, Clement Andre Marchal Jung, Carl Gustav Jolande Jacobi Junod, Henri Alexandre Violaine Junod Jurisprudence Thomas A. Cowan Justice Edmond Cahn
K Kant, Immanuel Kantorowicz, Hermann
Benjamin B. Wolman Thomas Wiirtenberger
70
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES
Katz, David Kautilya Kautsky, Karl Kelley, Truman L. Kelsen, Hans Key, V. O., Jr. Keynes, John Maynard
Robert B. MacLeod R. C. Majumdar John H. Kautsky David V. Tiedeman William Ebenstein H. Douglas Price
I. CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMICS
R. F. Harrod
II. CONTRIBUTIONS TO STATISTICS
Keynes, John Neville Kidder, Alfred V. Kinesics King, Gregory Kingship Kinsey, Alfred C. Kinship
Dennis V. Lindley Dudley Dillard J. O. Brew Ray L. Birdwhistell Phyllis Deane J. H. M. Beattie Cornelia V. Christenson
Fred Eggan Jack Goody III. PSEUDO-KINSHIP Julian Pitt-Rivers Kjellen, Rudolf Georg Andren Klein, Melanie Herbert A. Rosenfeld Kluckhohn, Clyde Evon Z. Vogt Knapp, Georg Friedrich Arthur Schweitzer Knies, Karl Herbert Kisch Knight, Frank H. James M. Buchanan Knowledge, Sociology of Lewis A. Coser Koffka, Kurt Grace M. Heider Kohler, Wolfgang Carl B. Zuckerman and Hans Wallach Kondratieff, N. D. George Garvy Koppers, Wilhelm Anna Hohenwart-Gerlachstein Korosy, Jozsef Lajos Thirring Koyre, Alexandre Yvon Belaval Kraepelin, Ernil H. J. Eysenck Kretschmer, Ernst W. Enke Kris, Ernst David Beres Kroeber, Alfred L. Ralph Beals Kropotkin, P'etr Richard Pipes Kulischer, Eugene A. J. Jaffe Kiilpe, Oswald Wilhelm J. Revers I. INTRODUCTION II. DESCENT GROUPS
Labor Force I. DEFINITIONS AND MEASUREMENT
A. J.
Jaffe
ii. PARTICIPATION Jacob Mincer in. MARKETS AND MOBILITY Herbert S. Parnes iv. HOURS OF WORK E. H. Phelps Brown and M. H. Browne Labor Relations I. COLLECTIVE BARGAINING E. Robert Livernash II. STRIKES K. G. J. C. Knowles III.
TRIAL DISPUTES
Arthur M. Ross Morris David Morris
Labor Unions
III.
IN THE UNITED STATES IV. INFLUENCE ON WAGES
Laissez-faire Lamprecht, Karl Land I. ECONOMIC ASPECTS II. CLASSIFICATION
Philip Taft H. Gregg Lewis H. S. Gordon Friedrich Liitge Marion Clawson L. Dudley Stamp
Land Tenure I. INTRODUCTION II. AGRICULTURAL TENANCY III. LAND REFORM
Landscape Lang, Andrew Lange, Oskar Language
Daniel P. Biebuyck John F. Timmons Philip M. Raup Marvin W. Mikesell Jacob W. Gruber Stanislaw Wellisz
I. THE PSYCHOLOGY OF LANGUAGE
Charles N. Cofer
II. LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT III.
SPEECH PATHOLOGY
IV. LANGUAGE AND CULTURE
Laplace, Pierre Simon de Lashley, Karl S. Laski, Harold J. Latent Structure Latin American Political Movements Lauderdale, James Maitland Launhardt, Wilhelm Law I. THE SOCIOLOGY OF LAW II. THE LEGAL SYSTEM III. THE LEGAL PROFESSION
Susan M. Ervin-Tripp Jack Matthews William Bright Maurice Frechet Clifford T. Morgan Herbert A. Deane Albert Madansky James D. Cochrane Bernard Corry Eberhard M. Pels Philip Selznick Leon H. Mayhew Philippe Nonet and Jerome E. Carlin
IV. LAW AND LEGAL INSTITUTIONS
Law, John Le Bon, Gustave Le Play, Frederic Leadership
PaulBohannan Earl J. Hamilton Jean Stoetzel Jesse R. Pitts
Cecil A. Gibb I. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS ii. SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS Arnold S. Tannenbaum in. POLITICAL ASPECTS Lester G. Seligman Learning I. INTRODUCTION Gregory Kimble n. CLASSICAL CONDITIONING W. /. Brogden in. INSTRUMENTAL LEARNING Lawrence Casler IV. REINFORCEMENT Stanley S. Pliskoff and Charles B. Ferster V. DISCRIMINATION LEARNING VII.
NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
IX. TRANSFER
Mark Perlman
Adolf Sturmthal
THE STRUCTURE OF UNIONS
VIII. VERBAL LEARNING
I. THEORIES OF THE LABOR
MOVEMENT
COLLECTIVE BARGAINING IN EUROPE
VI. AVOIDANCE LEARNING
SETTLEMENT OF INDUS-
IV. DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
II. LABOR MOVEMENTS AND
X. ACQUISITION OF SKILL
Douglas H. Lawrence Richard L. Solomon Robert A. McCleary Leo Postman Robert M. Gagne Edward A. Bilodeau
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES IX. LEARNING IN CHILDREN XII. PROGRAMMED LEARNING
Learning Theory Legal Reasoning Legal Systems
Lewis P. Lipsitt Russell W. Burris Leonard E. Ross Harold J. Berman
I. COMPARATIVE LAW AND Max Rheinstein LEGAL SYSTEMS II. COMMON LAW SYSTEMS Edward McWhinney Edward McWhinney III. CODE LAW SYSTEMS IV. SOCIALIST LEGAL SYSTEMS Harold J. Berman SOVIET LAW
Legislation I. NATURE AND FUNCTIONS II. LEGISLATURES III. LEGISLATIVE BEHAVIOR
Legitimacy Leisure Lenin Leslie, T. E. Cliffe Levasseur, Emile Levy-Bruhl, Lucien Lewin, Kurt Lexis, Wilhelm Liberalism Licensing, Occupational Life Cycle Life Tables Likelihood Limited War Lindsay, A. D. Linear Hypotheses I. REGRESSION II. ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE III. MULTIPLE COMPARISONS
Benjamin Akzin Ralph K. Huitt John C. Wahlke Dolf Sternberger Joffre Dumazedier Jesse D. Clarkson Frank W. Fetter Claude Fohlen Jean Cazeneuve Ronald Lippitt Klaus-Peter Heiss David G. Smith Simon Rottenberg Erik H. Erikson Mortimer Spiegelman Allan Birnbaum Robert E. Osgood Melvin Richter E. J. Williams Julian C. Stanley Peter Nemenyi
Linguistics I. THE FIELD II. HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS III. THE SPEECH COMMUNITY
Lin ton, Ralph Lippmann, Walter Liquidity Preference List, Friedrich Literacy Literature I. THE SOCIOLOGY OF LITERATURE II. THE PSYCHOLOGY OF LITERATURE III. POLITICAL FICTION
Llewellyn, Karl N. Lobbying Local Finance Local Government Local Politics Locke, John Lombroso, Cesare Longfield, Samuel Mountifort Lori a, Achille Lotka, Alfred J. Lotze, Hermann Louis, P. C. A.
Dell Hymes Yakov Malkiel John J. Gumperz Lauriston Sharp Heinz Eulau Franco Modigliani Edgar Salin and Rene L. Frey Hilda H. Golden Robert Escarpit Harold G. McCurdy James C. Davies Soia Mentschikoff Lester W. Milbrath Julius Margolis Duane Lockard Charles R. Adrian Rosalie L. Colie Marvin E. Wolfgang Erskine McKinley Shepard B. Clough Joseph J. Spengler Wilhelm J. Revers George Rosen
Lowell, A. Lawrence Lowie, Robert H. Loyalty Lubbock, John Lukacs, Gyorgy Lundberg, George Luther, Martin Luxemburg, Rosa
71
Milton Berman Harold E. Driver John H. Schaar Jacob W. Gruber George Lichtheim William R. Catton, Jr. Lewis W. Spitz Tadeusz Kowalik
M Macaulay, Thomas Babington McCulloch, John Ramsey McDougall, William Machiavelli, Niccolo Mcllwain, Charles H. Maclver, Robert M. Mackinder, Halford McLennan, John Ferguson Madison, James Magic Mahan, Alfred Thayer Maine, Henry Sumner Maitland, Frederic William Majority Rule Majumdar, D. N. Malinowski, Bronislaw Malthus, Thomas Robert Man, Hendrik (Henri) de Mandeville, Bernard Mangoldt, Hans Karl Emil von Mannheim, Karl Manorial Economy Marett, Robert Ranulph Market Research I. MARKET ANALYSIS II. CONSUMER RESEARCH
Markets and Industries Markov Chains Marriage I. FAMILY FORMATION II. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS III. MARRIAGE ALLIANCE
Marsh, George Perkins Marshall, Alfred Marsilius of Padua Marx, Karl Marxism Marxist Sociology Masaryk, Thomas G. Mass Phenomena Mass Society Mathematics Maurras, Charles Mauss, Marcel Mayo, Elton Mead, George Herbert Medical Care I. ETHNOMEDICINE II. SOCIAL ASPECTS III. ECONOMIC ASPECTS
John Clive Mark Blaug James Drever Neal Wood Peter Bachrach Harry Alpert Edmund W. Gilbert J. R. Fox Irving Brant Nur Yalman Francis Duncan E. Adamson Hoebel G. O. Sayles J. Roland Pennock T. N. Madan Rhoda Metraux Mark Blaug Peter Dodge M. Goldsmith Erich Schneider Edward Shils Georges M. Duby M. J. Ruel John E. Jeuck Dik Twedt Peter O. Steiner Patrick Billingsley Robert F. Winch Gloria A. Marshall Louis Dumont David Lowenthal Bernard Corry Jane E. Ruby Maximilien Rubel Alfred G. Meyer T. B. Bottomore Hans Kohn Anthony F. C. Wallace William Kornhauser R. Duncan Luce and Patrick Suppes Eugen Weber Steven Lukes William F. Whyte Tamotsu Shibutani Charles C. Hughes William A. Glaser Rashi Fein
72
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES
Medical Personnel Eliot Freidson Eliot Freidson Gerhard Masur Friedrich A. von Hayek
I. PHYSICIANS II. PARAMEDICAL PERSONNEL
Meinecke, Friedrich Menger, Carl Mental Disorders
Eliot Slater Joseph M. Wepman Joel Elkes Ernest Gruenberg
I. GENETIC ASPECTS II. ORGANIC ASPECTS III. BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS IV. EPIDEMIOLOGY V. CHILDHOOD MENTAL DISORDERS VI. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Britton K. Ruebush George Talland
Mental Disorders, Treatment of I. II. III. IV. V. VI.
PSYCHOLOGICAL
Kenneth M. Colby
TREATMENT CLIENT-CENTERED COUNSELING GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY BEHAVIOR THERAPY SOMATIC TREATMENT THE THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY
Mental Health i. THE CONCEPT
John Butler Jerome D. Frank Joseph Wolpe Heinz E. Lehmann Robert N. Rapoport
Morris S. Schwartz and Charlotte Green Schwartz
II. SOCIAL CLASS AND PERSONAL ADJUSTMENT
Mental Retardation Mercier de la Riviere Mergers Merriam, Charles E. Mesmer, Franz Anton Metraux, Alfred Meyer, Adolf Michels, Robert Middle American Society Migration
William H. Sewell Edward Zigler Frederic Mauro Ralph L. Nelson Barry D. Karl Andre M. Weitzenhoffer Charles Wagley Theodore Lidz Juan J. Linz Richard N. Adams William Petersen Brinley Thomas Laurence L Radway Kurt Lang Joseph W. Bishop, Jr. Samuel P. Huntington Klaus Knorr Charles W. Bray
I. SOCIAL ASPECTS II. ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Militarism Military Military Law Military Policy Military Power Potential Military Psychology Mill, John Stuart
John C. Rees V. W. Bladen William C. Lehmann Yonina Talmon Immanuel Waller stein Arnold M. Rose John M. Letiche Victor Zarnowitz Robert R. Bush, R. Duncan Luce, and Patrick Suppes
I. POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS II. ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTIONS
Millar, John Millenarism Mills, C. Wright Minorities Misselden, Edward Mitchell, Wesley C. Models, Mathematical Modernization I. SOCIAL ASPECTS II. POLITICAL ASPECTS III. THE BOURGEOISIE IN
MODERNIZING SOCIETIES
Daniel Lerner James S. Coleman Ronald P. Dore
Hilary L. Seal Carl J. Friedrich W. O. Chadwick Lester V. Chandler
Moivre, Abraham de Monarchy Monasticism Monetary Policy Money I. II. III. IV.
Albert Gailord Hart Milton Friedman Richard T. Selden Fred H. Klopstock Robert L. Bishop Melvin Richter Jacqueline Y. Sutton Anthony F. C. Wallace George J. Stigler Lindsay Rogers Lawrence Kohlberg Edwin G. Boring Leslie A. White Iwao M. Moriyama Mario Delle Plane
GENERAL QUANTITY THEORY VELOCITY OF CIRCULATION MONETARY REFORM
Monopoly Montesquieu Montessori, Maria Mooney, James Moore, Henry L. Moore, John Bassett Moral Development Morgan, Conwy Lloyd Morgan, Lewis Henry Mortality Mosca, Gaetano Motivation I. THE CONCEPT II. HUMAN MOTIVATION
Miiller, Adam Heinrich Miiller, Georg Elias Muller, Johannes Multivariate Analysis I. OVERVIEW II. CORRELATION ( 1 ) III. CORRELATION (2) IV. CLASSIFICATION AND DISCRIMINATION
Mun, Thomas Miinsterberg, Hugo Music I. ETHNOMUSICOLOGY II. MUSIC AND SOCIETY
Myres, John Lin ton Myth and Symbol
Lawrence I. O'Kelly Robert C. Birney Howard R. Bowen Edwin G. Boring Robert B. MacLeod Ralph A. Bradley R. F. Tate Harold Hotelling T. W. Anderson R.W.K. Hinton Harold E. Burtt Alan P. Merriam Hans Engel M. J. Ruel Victor W. Turner
N Nadel, S. F. Namier, L. B. Nation National Character National Income and Product Accounts National Interest National Security National Socialism National Wealth I. II.
ESTIMATION DISTRIBUTION
Nationalism Nationalization Nativism and Revivalism Natural Law Natural Rights
Morris Freilich Jacob M. Price and Gerhard L. Weinberg Dankwart A. Rustow George A. DeVos John W. Kendrick James N. Rosenau Morton Berkoivitz and P. G. Bock William Ebenstein Raymond W. Goldsmith Robert J. Lampman Hans Kohn Jack Wiseman Anthony F. C. Wallace Leo Strauss Harry V. Jaffa
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES Near Eastern Society Morroe Eerger Dorothy Willner Fred Charles Me Scott Greer
I. THE ISLAMIC COUNTRIES II. ISRAEL
Negotiation Neighborhood Nervous System
Ortega y Gasset, Jose Ossowski, Stanistaw Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. Owen, Robert
73
Julian Marias Stefan Nowak Seymour M. Lipset Asa Briggs
I. EVOLUTIONARY AND BEHAVIORAL
ASPECTS OF THE BRAIN
Walter Riss
II. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
OF THE BRAIN HI. BRAIN STIMULATION IV.
Frederick A. King William Hodos and Joseph V. Brady
ELECTROENCEPHALOG-
RAPHY Donald B. Lindsley Neurosis Jacob A. Arlow Neutralism and Nonalignment Myron Weiner Newcomb, Simon A. W. Coats Niceforo, Alfredo Francesco P. Cerase Nonparametric Statistics I. THE FIELD I. Richard Savage II. ORDER STATISTICS Bernard G. Greenberg in. RUNS Peter G. Moore iv. RANKING METHODS Herbert A. David Nonpartisanship Charles R. Adrian Nordenskiold, Erland Kaj Birket-Smith Norms I. THE CONCEPT OF
NORMS
Robin M. Williams, Jr. Jack P. Gibbs
North, Dudley Nuclear War Nuptiality
Douglas Vickers Herman Kahn Roland Prcssat
O Hilde Brnch
Obesity Observation
I. THEORIES OF ORGANIZATIONS
ii. ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS
Peter M. BlttU
Charles Perrow
EFFECTIVENESS AND PLANNING
OF CHANGE
Maurice Allais
ECONOMICS II. CONTRIBUTIONS TO SOCIOLOGY
Park, Robert E. Parliamentary Government Parsons, Elsie Clews Parties, Political I. PARTY UNITS
Pastoralism Patents Paternalism Paterson, Donald G. Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich Peace Pearson, Karl Peasantry Peirce, Charles Sanders Penology
Talcott Parsons Helen MacGill Hughes Leon D. Epstein Nancy Oestreich Lurie Joseph A. Schlesinger Harry Eckstein Lawrence Krader Fritz Machlup John W. Bennett James J. Jenkins Gregory Razran Johan Galtung Helen M. Walker Daniel Thorner Philip P. Wiener
I. THE FIELD
Howard S. Becker SOCIAL CASE STUDIES II. PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION Rosalie Hankey Wax Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders Henry W. Brosin Occupations and Careers William H. Form Oceanian Society Douglas L. Oliver Ockham, William of Herman Shapiro Odum, Howard W. Rupert B. Vance Office, Misuse of B. Venkatappiah Ogburn, William Fielding A. ]. Jaffe Oligarchy Thomas P. Jenkin Oligopoly Jesse W. Markham Operations Research Russell L. Ackoff Oppenheimer, Franz H. H. Gerth Oresme, Nicole Raymond de Roover Organizations
Chris Argyris
IV. ORGANIZATIONAL INTELLIGENCE
I. CONTRIBUTIONS TO
II. PROBATION AND PAROLE
I. SOCIAL OBSERVATION AND
v. METHODS OF RESEARCH
Mulford Q. Sibley Ronald Melzack Alfred Young F. Kazemzadeh Bernard Levenson Luigi Frey Harold S. Zamansky Gertrude R. Schmeidler
II. PARTY SYSTEMS
II. THE STUDY OF NORMS
III.
Pacifism Pain Paine, Thomas Pan Movements Panel Studies Pantaleoni, Maffeo Paranoid Reactions Parapsychology Pareto, Vilfredo
Harold L. Wilensky
Allen H. Barton
Pension Funds Perception I. INTRODUCTION
Daniel Glaser Daniel Glaser Daniel M. Holland Jidian E. Hochberg
II. PERCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT III. DEPTH PERCEPTION IV. PERCEPTUAL CONSTANCY
Eleanor J. Gibson James J. Gibson Harry Helson
V. ILLUSIONS AND AFTER-
S, Howard Bartley J. P. Zubek VII. SPEECH PERCEPTION John W. Black VIII. PERSON PERCEPTION Renato Tagiuri IX. SOCIAL PERCEPTION Henri Tajfel x. UNCONSCIOUS PERCEPTION Charles W. Eriksen Periodization George H. Nadel Perlman, Selig Philip Taft Personality I. THE FIELD Nevitt Sanford H. PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT Jerome Kagan and Paul H. Mussen Personality: Contemporary Viewpoints EFFECTS
VI. PERCEPTUAL DEPRIVATION
I. A UNIQUE AND OPEN
SYSTEM
Gordon W. Allport
74
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES Political Sociology Political Theory
II. COMPONENTS OF AN EVOLVING PERSONOLOGICAL
Henry A. Murray
SYSTEM
Personality, Political I. THE STUDY OF POLITICAL PERSONALITY II. CONSERVATISM AND
RADICALISM Personality Measurement I. OVERVIEW
Daniel J. Levinson Jack Block
II. PERSONALITY INVENTORIES III. THE MINNESOTA MULTIPHASIC PERSONALITY
INVENTORY IV. SITUATIONAL TESTS Persuasion Petrie, W. M. Flinders Petty, William Phenomenology Philanthropy Phobias Physical Anthropology Pigou, Arthur Cecil Pinel, Philippe Pirenne, Henri Pitt-Rivers, A. H. L. F. Planning, Economic I. WESTERN EUROPE n. EASTERN EUROPE III.
Robert E. Lane
Wayne H. Holtzman
W. Grant Dahlstrom Sebastiano Santostefano Irving L. Janis Olga Tufnell Phyllis Deane Robert B. MacLeod Aileen D. Ross Bertram D. Lewin Harry L. Shapiro Austin Robinson P. Sivadon and P. Sabourin H. van Werveke Jacquetta Hawkes /. Tinbergen John Michael Montias
DEVELOPMENT PLANNING
Planning, Social i. INTRODUCTION
II. POLITICAL ORGANIZATION
Political Behavior Political Clubs Political Culture Political Efficacy Political Executive Political Financing Political Group Analysis Political Justice Political Machines Political Participation Political Process Political Recruitment and Careers Political Science
Politics, Comparative Pollution Population I. THE FIELD OF DEMOGRAPHY II. POPULATION THEORIES III. OPTIMUM POPULATION
Arnold Brecht Sheldon S. Wolin Gabriel A. Almond Mary Douglas Dudley Kirk Alfred Sauvy
THEORY Joseph J. Spengler iv. POPULATION COMPOSITION Kurt B. Mayer V. POPULATION DISTRIBUTION Vincent H. Whitney vi. POPULATION GROWTH John V. Grauman vii. POPULATION POLICIES Hope T. Eldridge Positivism Abraham Kaplan Pound, Roscoe Edwin W. Patterson Poverty E. J. Hobsbawm Powell, John Wesley William C. Darrah Power Robert A. Dahl Power Transition A. F. K. Organski Prediction Karl F. Schuessler Prediction and Forecasting, Economic Victor Zarnowitz Prejudice i. THE CONCEPT Otto Klineberg n. SOCIAL DISCRIMINATION /. Milton Yinger Presidential Government Richard E. Neustadt Prices i. PRICING POLICIES William S. Vickrey II. PRICE CONTROL AND
W. Arthur Lewis
Charles Madge
II. REGIONAL AND URBAN
PLANNING in. RESOURCE PLANNING IV. WELFARE PLANNING Plantations Plato Pluralism Poisson, Simeon Denis Polanyi, Karl Police Policy Sciences Political Anthropology I. THE FIELD
I. APPROACHES II. TRENDS AND GOALS
Morris Janowitz
Herbert J. Cans Richard L. Meier Martin Rein William O. Jones Karl R. Popper Henry S. Kariel JR. Per on Hans Zeisel David J. Bordua Harold D. Lasswell Elizabeth Colson M. G. Smith
Heinz Eulau James Q. Wilson Lucian W. Pye Kenneth Prewitt Roy C. Macridis Alexander Heard David B. Truman Otto Kirchheimer Alex Gottfried Herbert McClosky Bertram M. Gross Dwaine Marvick David Easton
RATIONING Ben W. Lewis in. PRICE HISTORY Earl J. Hamilton Primitive Art Phillip H. Lewis Privacy Arnold Simmel Probability i. FORMAL PROBABILITY Gottfried E. Noether II. INTERPRETATIONS Bruno de Finetti Problem Solving Donald W. Taylor Production Vernon L. Smith Production and Cost Analysis A. A. Walters Productivity Solomon Fabricant Professions Talcott Parsons Profit B. S. Keirstead Programming Richard E. Quandt Projective Methods I. PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUES Gardner Lindzey and Joseph S. Thorpe II. THE RORSCHACH TEST Samuel J. Beck III. THE THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST William E. Henry Propaganda Bruce L. Smith Property Ernest Beaglehole Prostitution John H. Gagnon Protestant Political Thought Kenneth W. Underwood Proudhon, Pierre Joseph Marcel Prelot Psychiatry i. THE FIELD Roy R. Grinker, Sr. II. CHILD PSYCHIATRY David M. Levy in. SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY Alexander H. Leighton iv. FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY Winfred Overholser
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES V. THE RELIGIO-PSYCHIATRIC
MOVEMENT Psychoanalysis I. CLASSICAL THEORY n. EGO PSYCHOLOGY
Samuel Z. Klausner Charles Brenner George S. Klein
III. THERAPEUTIC
METHODS
Rudolph M. Loewenstein
IV. EXPERIMENTAL
STUDIES Psychological Warfare Psychology I. COMPARATIVE PSYCHOLOGY
Ernest R. Hilgard William E. Daugherty Rolland H. Waters and Bradford N. Bunnell
II. PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY III. CONSTITUTIONAL PSYCHOLOGY iv. EXISTENTIAL PSYCHOLOGY
v. APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY Psychometrics Psychopathic Personality Psychophysics Psychosis Psychosomatic Illness Public Administration Public Expenditures Public Health Public Interest Public Law I. THE FIELD
Clifford
T. Morgan
W. L. L. Rees Rollo May and
Sabert Basescu Anne Anastasi Edward E. Cureton Hervey M. Cleckley Joseph C. Stevens Leopold Bellak George H. Pollock Dwight Waldo Richard A. Musgrave George Rosen Pendleton Herring David J. Danelski
II. COMPARATIVE PUBLIC
LAW Public Opinion I. INTRODUCTION H. POLITICAL OPINION Public Policy Public Relations Punishment Putnam, Frederic Ward
Stefan A. Riesenfeld and Gerhard Casper W. Phillips Davison Avery Leiserson Lewis A. Froman, Jr. Robert O. Carlson Alfred R. Lindesmith Ralph W. Dexter
Q Quality Control, Statistical I. ACCEPTANCE SAMPLING II. PROCESS CONTROL III. RELIABILITY AND LIFE TESTING
Quantal Response Quesnay, Francois Quetelet, Adolphe Queues
H. C. Hamaker E. S. Page
R Race Race Relations I. WORLD PERSPECTIVES
II. SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Thomas F. Pettigrew Radbruch, Gustav Erik Wolf W. E. H. Stanner Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. Sylvan J. Kaplan Radiation Egon Bittner Radicalism Stanley Diamond Radin. Paul Radlov, Vasilii, and Bartol'd, Vasilii Lawrence Krader Rae, John Joseph J. Spengler Random Numbers Marvin E. Muller Rank, Otto Jack Jones Rank-Size Relations Anatol Rapoport Ranke, Leopold von Felix Gilbert Rapaport, David Merton M. Gill and George S. Klein Ratzel, Friedrich Marvin W. Mike sell Ratzenhofer, Gustav Floyd N. House Reaction Time Robert M. Gottsdanker Reading Disabilities Anne McKillop Reason Analysis Charles Kadushin Reasoning and Logic Donald M. Johnson Redfield, Robert Charles M. Leslie Reference Groups Herbert H. Hyman Refugees I. WORLD PROBLEMS Louise W. Holborn II. ADJUSTMENT AND
ASSIMILATION Region Regional Science
Marvin Harris G. Franklin Edwards
Judith T. Shuval Rupert B. Vance Walter Isard and Thomas A. Reiner Clair Wilcox Paul Bergman
Regulation of Industry Reich, Wilhelm Religion i. ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY Clifford Geertz n. THE SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION Robert N. Bellah in. PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY James E. Dittes Religious Observance Michael Argyle Religious Organization Bryan R. Wilson Religious Specialists I. ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY Victor W. Turner n. SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY Ivan A. Vallier Rent Richard F. Muth Representation I. THEORY Alfred de Grazia ii. REPRESENTATIONAL SYSTEMS Giovanni Sartori in. REPRESENTATIONAL BEHAVIOR Kenneth Janda Resale Price Maintenance B. S. Yamey Research and Development I. INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT Marvin Zelen Byron W. Brown, Jr. Bert F. Hoselitz David Landau and Paul F. Lazarsfeld D. R. Cox
75
Jacob Schmookler
II. FINANCING SOCIAL
RESEARCH Response Sets Responsibility Revolution Ricardo, David Rice, Stuart Richardson, Lewis Fry Ritter, Carl Ritual Rivers, W. H. R. Rivet, Paul
Henry W. Riecken Samuel Messick O. H. v. d. Gablentz Walter Laqueur Mark Blaug Harold F. Gosnell Anatol Rapoport Ernst Plewe Edmund R. Leach Edmund R. Leach Raymond Ronze
76
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES
Robertson, Dennis Holme Robinson, James Harvey Rodbertus, Johann Karl Rogers, James E. Thorold Roheim, Geza
S. R. Dennison Harry Elmer Barnes Bruno Fritsch A. W. Coats Warner Muensterberger and Bill Domhoff
Role I. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS Theodore R. Sarbin n. SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS Ralph H. Turner Rorschach, Hermann Samuel J. Beck Roscher, Wilhelm Edgar Salin Ross, Edward A. Julius Weinberg Rousseau, Jean Jacques Robert Derathe Rules of the Game Donald R. Matthews Rumor Tamotsu Shibutani Rural Society Olaf F. Larson Rush, Benjamin George Rosen
Seashore, Carl E. Sechenov, Ivan M. Sects and Cults Securities Markets See, Henri Segregation Self Concept Seligman, C. G. Seligman, Edwin R. A. Semantics and Semiotics Senior, Nassau William Senses
Walter R. Miles Gregory Razran Thomas F. O'Dea James H. Lorie A. Chabert Leo Kuper Muzafer Sherif Meyer Fortes Carl S. Shoup Uriel Weinreich Marian Bowley
F. A. Mote Ragnar Granit Nancy Bayley Sensory and Motor Development P. Armitage Sequential Analysis Giorgio Tagliacozzo Serra, Antonio Sexual Behavior I. ANIMAL SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Charles H. Phoenix ii. SOCIAL ASPECTS Samuel Z. Klausner I. OVERVIEW
II. CENTRAL MECHANISMS
III. SEXUAL DEVIATION :
Saint-Simon Sample Surveys I. THE FIELD II. NONPROBABILITY SAMPLING
Sanctions Sanctions, International Sapir, Edward
Martin U. Martel W. Edwards Deming Alan Stuart A. L. Epstein Leland M. Goodrich
I. CONTRIBUTIONS TO CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY David G. Mandelbaum II. CONTRIBUTIONS TO
LINGUISTICS Z. S. Harris Sarton, George C. Doris Hellman Sauer, Carl O. James J. Parsons Saussure, Ferdinand de Joseph H. Greenberg Savigny, Friedrich Carl von Walter Wilhelm Say, Jean Baptiste Gaston Leduc Scaling Warren S. Torgerson Scheler, Max Lewis A. Coser Schizophrenia Theodore Lidz Schlesinger, Karl Oskar Morgenstern Schlick, Moritz David Rynin Schmidt, Wilhelm Joseph Henninger Schmitt, Carl Jiirgen Fijalkowski Schmoller, Gustav Wolfram Fischer Schrieke, Bertram Johanna L. G. Felhoen Kraal Schultz, Henry Karl A. Fox Schumpeter, Joseph A. Wolfgang F. Stolper Schutz, Alfred Maurice Natanson Science I. THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE Thomas S. Kuhn u. THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE Michael Scriven in. THE SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENCE Bernard Barber IV. SCIENCE-GOVERNMENT
RELATIONS v. SCIENTISTS VI. SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION
Scientific Explanation Screening and Selection
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
John Money
IV. SEXUAL DEVIATION :
Don K. Price Warren O. Hagstrom Norman Kaplan and Norman W. Storer
Sidney Morgenbesser C. W. Dunnett
SOCIAL ASPECTS v. HOMOSEXUALITY Shang Yang Sherrington, C. S. Sidgwick, Henry Siegfried, Andre Significance, Tests of Simiand, Frangois Simmel, Georg Simonde de Sismondi, J. C. L. Simons, Henry C. Simulation i. INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR
John H. Gagnon Evelyn Hooker Y. P. Mei /. A. Deutsch Bernard Corry Rudolf Heberle William H. Kruskal Claude Fohlen Renate Mayntz G. Sotiroif Herbert Stein Allen Newell and Herbert A. Simon Irma Adelman Charles F. Hermann
ii. ECONOMIC PROCESSES in. POLITICAL PROCESSES Simultaneous Equation Estimation Lawrence R. Klein Size Distributions in Economics Josef Steindl Skin Senses and Kinesthesis Theodore C. Ruch Slavery M. I. Finley Sleep Harold L. Williams Slutsky, Eugen A. A. Koniis Small, Albion W. Harry Elmer Barnes Smith, Adam Jacob Viner Smith, William Robertson E. L. Peters Smoking Joseph D. Matarazzo and Ruth G. Matarazzo Snouck Hurgronje, Christiaan Harry J. Benda Social Behavior, Animal I. THE FIELD
ii. PRIMATE BEHAVIOR
/. P. Scott
Irven DeVore
III. THE REGULATION OF
ANIMAL POPULATIONS V. C. Wynne-Edwards Social Change Wilbert E. Moore Social Contract Willmoore Kendall Social Control i. THE CONCEPT Jesse R. Pitts u. ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS Amitai Etzioni
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES Sol Tax and Larry S. Krucoff Pitirim A. Sorokin
Social Darwinism Social Differentiation Social Institutions
Shmuel N. Eisenstadt Shmuel N. Eisenstadt Herbert Goldhamer
I. THE CONCEPT II. COMPARATIVE STUDY
Social Mobility Social Movements I. TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL MOVEMENTS II. THE STUDY OF SOCIAL
Joseph R. Gusfield Edwin M. Lemert Harold B. Gerard Yole G. Sills
MOVEMENTS
Social Problems Social Psychology Social Science Fiction Social Structure I. THE HISTORY OF THE
Edmund R. Leach
CONCEPT II. SOCIAL STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
Stanley H. Udy, Jr. Henry ]. Meyer Daniel Bell
Social Work Socialism Socialization
Roger V. Burton
I. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS II. ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASPECTS III. POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION IV. ADULT SOCIALIZATION
Societal Analysis Societies, Small Society Sociology
John W. M. Whiting Fred I. Greenstein Orville G. Brim, Jr. Lloyd A. F oilers Burton Benedict Leon H. Mayhew Albert J. Reiss, Jr.
I. THE FIELD II. THE DEVELOPMENT OF
SOCIOLOGICAL THOUGHT Shmuel N. Eisenstadt III. THE EARLY HISTORY OF
SOCIAL RESEARCH Sociometry Sombart, Werner Sorel, Georges Sorokin, Pitirim A. South American Society Sovereignty Space, Outer
Bernard Lecuyer and Anthony R. Oberschall Edgar F. Eorgatta Jiirgen Kuczynski Georges Goriely Edward A. Tiryakian Ivan A. Vallier and Vivian Vallier Bernard Crick
I. POLITICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS II.
Leon LipSOn
SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL
ASPECTS Spatial Economics
Donald N. Michael
I. THE PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM
APPROACH
Edgar M. Hoover
II. THE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM
APPROACH Leon N. Moses Spearman, C. E. Raymond B. Cattell Specialization and Exchange Bernard F. Haley Speck, Frank G. A. Irving Hallowell Speculation, Hedging, and Arbitrage Paul H. Cootner Spencer, Herbert Robert L. Carneiro Spengler, Oswald Klemens von Klemperer Spier, Leslie Ruth Bunzel
Spiethoff, Arthur Spinoza Stagnation Stamp, Josiah Charles State
77
Gustav Clausing Rosalie L. Colie Edith Penrose John Mogey Morton H. Fried Frederick M. Watkins Aidan Southall
I. THE INSTITUTION II. THE CONCEPT
Stateless Society Statics and Dynamics in Economics William J. Baumol Statistical Analysis, Special Problems of i. OUTLIERS F. /. Anscombe II. TRANSFORMATIONS OF DATA
in. GROUPED OBSERVATIONS
Joseph B. Kruskal
N. F. Gjeddebsek
IV. TRUNCATION AND
CENSORSHIP Statistical Identifiability Statistics i. THE FIELD II. THE HISTORY OF STATISTICAL METHOD
Lincoln E. Moses Franklin M. Fisher William H. Kruskal M. G. Kendall
Statistics, Descriptive
i. LOCATION AND DISPERSION Hans Kellerer n. ASSOCIATION Robert H. Somers Statistics as Legal Evidence Hans Zeisel Status, Social Morris Zelditch, Jr. Stein, Lorenz von Guenther Roth Stereotypes John Harding Stern, William Fritz Heider Steuart, James Denham Werner Stark Stimulation Drives Robert A. Butler Stirner, Max Jiirgen Kuczynski Stock-Flow Analysis Robert W. Glower Stouffer, Samuel A. M. Brewster Smith Stout, G. F. James Drever Strategy Bernard Brodie Stratification, Social I. INTRODUCTION Bernard Barber n. SOCIAL CLASS Seymour M. Lipset III. THE MEASUREMENT OF
SOCIAL CLASS
Paul M. Siegel and Robert W. Hodge
IV. THE STRUCTURE OF STRATIFICATION
SYSTEMS v. CLASS CULTURE Stress Strong, William Duncan Stumpf, Carl Style Suarez, Francisco Subsidies Sufficiency Suggestion Suicide I. SOCIAL ASPECTS
ArthurL.Stinchcom.be Hyman Rodman Richard S. Lazarus Jacques Bordaz Albert Wellek E. H. Gombrich Pierre Mesnard V Lewis Bassie /. L. Hodges, Jr. Karl-Gustaf Stukdt Jack D. Douglas
II. PSYCHOLOGICAL
ASPECTS (1) III.
Edwin S. Shneidman
PSYCHOLOGICAL
ASPECTS (2)
Norman L. Farberow
78
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES
Sullivan, Harry Stack Alfred H. Stanton Patrick Mullahy James G. Leyburn Johan Vogt
I. LIFE AND WORK II. INTERPERSONAL THEORY
Sumner, William Graham Sundt, Eilert Lund Survey Analysis
Hanan C. Selvin Paul F. Lazarsfeld James N. Morgan I. Esenwein-Rothe Albert K. Cohen Henry B. Collins Lauren G. Wispe Val R. Lorwin
I. GENERAL SYSTEMS THEORY
Anatol Rapoport Talcott Parsons William C. Mitchell Morton A. Kaplan David S. Gochman
Tarde, Gabriel Taste and Smell Taussig, Frank W. Tawney, R. H. Taxation I. GENERAL II. PERSONAL INCOME TAXES
James A. Davis and Ann M. Jacobs Terry N. Clark Bernice M. Wenzel Gottfried Haberler Lawrence Stone Earl R. Rolph Joseph A. Pechman
III. CORPORATION INCOME TAXES IV. PROPERTY TAXES V. SALES AND EXCISE TAXES VI. DEATH AND GIFT TAXES
Teaching Technical Assistance Technology
Arnold C. Harberger Dick Netzer John F. Due Carl S. Shoup Blanche Geer Francis X. Sutton
I. THE STUDY OF TECHNOLOGY Robert S. Merrill II. TECHNOLOGY AND INTERWarner R. Schilling NATIONAL RELATIONS
Teggart, Frederick J. Teleki, Pal Terman, Lewis M. Theology, Primitive Thinking I. THE FIELD II. COGNITIVE ORGANIZATION AND PROCESSES
Thomas, W. I. Thompson, William Thorndike, Edward L. Thornton, Henry Thunen, Johann Heinrich von
I. GENERAL
III. CYCLES IV. SEASONAL ADJUSTMENT
Titchener, Edward B. Tocqueville, Alexis de Tolman, Edward C. Tonnies, Ferdinand Tooke, Thomas Torrens, Robert Totalitarianism Tourville, Henri de Toynbee, Arnold Tozzer, Alfred M. Trade and Markets Traits Transportation
Paul Fraisse Jack Goody Philip E. Converse Gerhard Tintner P. Whittle Herman Wold Julius Shiskin Karl M. Dallenbach Robert A. Nisbet David Krech Rudolf Heberle Frank W. Fetter Bernard Carry Herbert J. Spiro Terry N. Clark Robert Lekachman Barbara J. Price Richard F. Salisbury Raymond B. Cattell
Joel Smith John R. Meyer Leo F. Schnore Andreas Dorpalen Treitschke, Heinrich von I. M. Lewis Tribal Society Thomas F. O'Dea Troeltsch, Ernst Isaac Deutscher Trotsky, Leon R. H. Thouless Trotter, Wilfred Harold K. Jacobson Trusteeship Olga Crisp Tugan-Baranovskii, Mikhail I. Werner Stark Turgot, Anne Robert Jacques Ray A. Billington Turner, Frederick Jackson George W. Stocking, Jr. Tylor, Edward Burnett Edward A. Tiryakian Typologies I. SOCIAL ASPECTS II. ECONOMIC ASPECTS III. COMMUTATION
T Tabular Presentation
I. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS II. SOCIAL ORGANIZATION
II. ADVANCED PROBLEMS
Siissmilch, Johann Peter Sutherland, Edwin H. Swanton, John Reed Sympathy and Empathy Syndicalism Systems Analysis III. POLITICAL SYSTEMS IV. INTERNATIONAL SYSTEMS V. PSYCHOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
Wolfram Eberhard Dorothy C. Adkins
Time Budgets Time Series
I. METHODS OF SURVEY ANALYSIS II. THE ANALYSIS OF ATTRIBUTE DATA III. APPLICATIONS IN ECONOMICS
II. SOCIAL SYSTEMS
Thurnwald, Richard Thurstone, L. L. Time
Margaret T. Hodgen George Kish Edwin G. Boring R. G. Lienhardt W. Edgar Vinacke Robert B. Zajonc E. H. Volkart Asa Briggs Geraldine Joncich T. W. Hutchison Arthur H. Leigh
U Richard A. Lester Joseph Ben-David T. S. Ashton
Unemployment Insurance Universities Unwin, George Urban Revolution I. INTRODUCTION II. EARLY CIVILIZATIONS OF THE NEW WORLD III. THE CONCEPT OF CIVILIZATION
Robert McC. Adams
Usher, Abbott P. Utilitarianism
Rene Millon Pedro Armillas J. H. Dales
J. O. Urmson Talcott Parsons Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen
I. THE PHILOSOPHY II. SOCIOLOGICAL THOUGHT
Utility Utopianism i. UTOPIAS AND UTOPIANISM
George Kateb
II. THE DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTAL
COMMUNITIES
B. F. Skinner
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ARTICLES Walras, Leon War
V S. K. Lothrop and Barbara J. Price Donald F. Gordon
Vaillant, George C. Value, Labor Theory of Values I. THE CONCEPT OF VALUES II. VALUE SYSTEMS
Variances, Statistical Study of Vattel, Emer de Veblen, Thorstein Verstehen Vico, Giovanni Battista Vidal de la Blache, Paul Village Vision
Robin M. Williams, Jr. Ethel M. Albert H. Robert van der Vaart Paul Guggenheim Arthur K. Davis Don Martindale Hoyden V. White Pierre Monbeig Clifford Geertz Conrad G. Mueller Lorrin A. Riggs
I. OVERVIEW II. EYE MOVEMENTS III. COLOR VISION AND COLOR BLINDNESS IV. VISUAL DEFECTS
A. Chapanis Albert J. Harris Eugene Grebenik Oskar Morgenstern Kenneth E. Clark Lloyd H. Lofquist Crane Brinton
Vital Statistics Viti de Marco, Antonio De Vocational Interest Testing Vocational Rehabilitation Voltaire Voluntary Associations I. ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASPECTS II. SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
von Mises, Ludwig von Mises, Richard von Neumann, John Voting
Michael Banton David L. Sills Murray Rothbard Hilda Geiringer Oskar Morgenstern Donald E. Stokes
W Wages I. THEORY II. STRUCTURE III. SYSTEMS OF PAYMENT IV. WAGE AND HOUR LEGISLATION V. FRINGE BENEFITS
Wagner, Adolf Waitz, Theodor Wakefield, Edward Gibbon Wald, Abraham Walker, Francis A. Wallas, Graham Waller, Willard W. Wallis, Wilson D.
Allan M. Cartter Melvin W. Reder Robert B. McKersie N. Arnold Tolles Peter Henle Gerhard Meyer Hermann Baumann Robert Lekachman Harold Freeman Henry W. Spiegel Arnold A. Rogow Reuben Hill Elizabeth Colson
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William Jaffe
Quincy Wright Andrew P. Vayda James Drever Ward, James Harold W. Pfautz Ward, Lester F. Edwin G. Boring Washburn, Margaret Floy G. S. Tolley Water Resources P. L. Broadhurst Watson, John B. Margaret Cole Webb, Sidney and Beatrice Edgar Salin Weber, Alfred Robert B. MacLeod Weber, Ernst Heinrich Reinhard Bendix Weber, Max S. L. Washburn Weidenreich, Franz E. J. Mishan Welfare Economics Harry K. Girvetz Welfare State Abraham S. Luchins Wertheimer, Max William D. Grampp West, Edward Kai Rander Buch Westergaard, Harald Westermarck, Edward Hilma Granqvist Whewell, William Reghinos D. Theocharis Whitehead, Alfred North Dorothy Emmet Whorf, Benjamin L. George L. Trager Wicksell, Knut Torsten Gdrdlund Wicksteed, Philip Henry William D. Grampp Wiener, Norbert M. E. Mar on Wiese, Leopold von Rene Konig Wieser, Friedrich von Friedrich A. von Hayek Wilks, S. S. Frederick Mosteller Willcox, Walter F. Frank W. Notestein Willoughby, Westel Woodbury Francis E. Rourke Wilson, Woodrow Earl Latham Wirth, Louis Eleanor Bernert Sheldon Wissler, Clark Wilson D. Wallis Wood worth, Robert S. Ge or gene H. Seward and John P. Seward Robert Dubin Workers Workmen's Compensation Herman M. Somers World View E. M. Mendelson Terry N. Clark Worms, Rene Edwin G. Boring Wundt, Wilhelm I. THE STUDY OF WAR II. PRIMITIVE WARFARE
Y Yerkes, Robert M. Yule, G. Udny
Harry F. Harlow M. G. Kendall
Zionism Znaniecki, Florian
Ben Halpern Robert Bierstedt
Classification of Articles
of Articles
The classified list of topical and biographical articles that follows is an attempt on the part of the editors to provide readers with an overview of the encyclopedia's coverage of different fields. Many articles are listed in several categories and every article has been classified at least once, despite the fact that in some instances articles do not fit very readily into any of the categories listed below. It might be noted that the classification is not intended to correspond in detail to the division of substantive responsibility among the associate and special editors. PAGE
Anthropology Archeology The Arts Demography Econometrics Economic Development Economics Education Geography History and Historiography International Relations, Organization, and Law Law Linguistics Methodology Personality
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Philosophy of Science Political Science Professions Psychiatry Psychology, Applied Psychology, Comparative and Physiological Psychology, General Religion Social Problems Social Psychology Social Sciences Societies Sociology Statistics
96 96 99 99 100 100 101 102 102 103 104 104 104 107
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CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES
ANTHROPOLOGY In addition to the articles listed below, the following categories should be consulted: Archeology; Linguistics; Religion; Societies. ACCULTURATION AGE DIFFERENTIATION AGRICULTURE COMPARATIVE TECHNOLOGY ANTHROPOLOGY THE FIELD CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY OF MODERN SOCIETY THE COMPARATIVE METHOD IN ANTHROPOLOGY CASTE THE CONCEPT OF CASTE THE INDIAN CASTE SYSTEM COGNITIVE THEORY COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION, ANIMAL COMMUNICATION MODELS AND SIGNALING BEHAVIOR COMPONENTIAL ANALYSIS CONFLICT ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASPECTS CRAFTS CULTURE THE CONCEPT OF CULTURE CULTURAL RELATIVISM CULTUROLOGY CULTURAL ADAPTATION CULTURE CHANGE CULTURE AND PERSONALITY CULTURE AREA DIFFUSION CULTURAL DIFFUSION ECOLOGY CULTURAL ECOLOGY ECONOMIC ANTHROPOLOGY ETHNIC GROUPS ETHNOGRAPHY ETHNOLOGY EVOLUTION THE CONCEPT OF EVOLUTION PRIMATE EVOLUTION HUMAN EVOLUTION CULTURAL EVOLUTION EXCHANGE AND DISPLAY FAMILY COMPARATIVE STRUCTURE FEUD FIELD WORK FOLKLORE FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS VARIETIES OF FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS GENETICS RACE AND GENETICS
HISTORY ETHNOHISTORY CULTURE HISTORY HONOR HUNTING AND GATHERING CONTEMPORARY SOCIETIES INCEST INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN INTEGRATION CULTURAL INTEGRATION JUDICIAL PROCESS COMPARATIVE ASPECTS KlNESICS
KINGSHIP KINSHIP INTRODUCTION DESCENT GROUPS PSEUDO-KINSHIP LAND TENURE INTRODUCTION LAW LAW AND LEGAL INSTITUTIONS LIFE CYCLE MAGIC MARRIAGE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS FAMILY FORMATION MARRIAGE ALLIANCE MEDICAL CARE ETHNOMEDICINE MYTH AND SYMBOL NATIONAL CHARACTER NATIVISM AND REVIVALISM NERVOUS SYSTEM EVOLUTIONARY AND BEHAVIORAL ASPECTS OF THE BRAIN PASTORALISM PATERNALISM PEASANTRY PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY POLITICAL ANTHROPOLOGY THE FIELD POLITICAL ORGANIZATION POLLUTION PRIMITIVE ART PROPERTY RACE RELIGION ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY RELIGIOUS SPECIALISTS RITUAL SANCTIONS SOCIAL BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL PRIMATE BEHAVIOR SOCIAL STRUCTURE THE HISTORY OF THE CONCEPT SOCIAL STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES SOCIALIZATION ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASPECTS SOCIETAL ANALYSIS SOCIETIES, SMALL STATE THE INSTITUTION STATELESS SOCIETY TECHNOLOGY THE STUDY OF TECHNOLOGY TIME SOCIAL ORGANIZATION TRADE AND MARKETS TRIBAL SOCIETY VALUES VALUE SYSTEMS VILLAGE VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASPECTS WAR PRIMITIVE WARFARE WORLD VIEW
BACHOFEN, JOHANN JAKOB BANDELIER, ADOLPH BASTIAN, ADOLF BENEDICT, RUTH BOAS, FRANZ BOGORAZ, VLADIMIR G.; STERNBERG, LEV Y.; AND JOCHELSON, VLADIMIR BREUIL, HENRI CODRINGTON, R. H. COLE, FAY-COOPER COOPER, JOHN M. DARWIN, CHARLES DIXON, ROLAND B. FLETCHER, ALICE CUNNINGHAM FRAZER, JAMES GEORGE FROBENIUS, LEO GENNEP, ARNOLD VAN GIFFORD, EDWARD W. GOLDENWEISER, ALEXANDER GRAEBNER, FRITZ HADDON, ALFRED CORT HALE, HORATIO HERSKOVITS, MELVILLE JEAN HOOTON, EARNEST A. HRDLICKA, ALES
HUXLEY, JULIAN JUNOD, HENRI ALEXANDRE KLUCKHOHN, CLYDE KOPPERS, WlLHELM
KROEBER, ALFRED L. LANG, ANDREW LEVY-BRUHL, LUCIEN LINTON, RALPH LOWIE, ROBERT H. LUBBOCK, JOHN MCLENNAN, JOHN FERGUSON MAINE, HENRY SUMNER MAJUMDAR, D. N. MALINOWSKI, BRONISLAW MARETT, ROBERT RANULPH MAUSS, MARCEL METRAUX, ALFRED MOONEY, JAMES MORGAN, LEWIS HENRY MYRES, JOHN LINTON NADEL, S. F. NORDENSKIOLD, ERLAND PARSONS, ELSIE CLEWS POWELL, JOHN WESLEY PUTNAM, FREDERIC WARD RADCLIFFE-BROWN, A. R. RADIN, PAUL RADLOV, VASILII, AND BARTOL'D, VASILII REDFIELD, ROBERT RIVERS, W. H. R. RIVET, PAUL ROHEIM, GEZA SAPIR, EDWARD SCHMIDT, WILHELM SCHRIEKE, BERTRAM SELIGMAN, C. G. SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON SNOUCK HURGRONJE, CHRISTIAAN SPECK, FRANK G. SPIER, LESLIE SWANTON, JOHN REED TEGGART, FREDERICK J. THURNWALD, RICHARD TYLOR, EDWARD BURNETT WAITZ, THEODOR WALLIS, WILSON D. WEIDENREICH, FRANZ WESTERMARCK, EDWARD WISSLER, CLARK
ARCHEOLOGY ARCHEOLOGY THE FIELD RESEARCH METHODS DOMESTICATION THE FOOD-PRODUCING REVOLUTION ANIMAL DOMESTICATION
HUNTING AND GATHERING OLD WORLD PREHISTORIC SOCIETIES NEW WORLD PREHISTORIC SOCIETIES URBAN REVOLUTION INTRODUCTION EARLY CIVILIZATIONS OF THE NEW WORLD THE CONCEPT OF CIVILIZATION
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CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES
BREUIL, HENRI CHILDE, V. GORDON KIDDER, ALFRED V. KROEBER, ALFRED L. LUBBOCK, JOHN
PETRIE, W. M. FLINDERS PlTT-RlVERS, A. H. L.-F.
STRONG, WILLIAM DUNCAN TOZZER, ALFRED M. VAILLANT, GEORGE C.
THE ARTS AESTHETICS ARCHITECTURE CRAFTS CREATIVITY PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS SOCIAL ASPECTS DRAMA FILM FINE ARTS ART AND SOCIETY THE RECRUITMENT AND SOCIALIZATION OF ARTISTS
FOLKLORE LITERATURE THE SOCIOLOGY OF LITERATURE THE PSYCHOLOGY OF LITERATURE POLITICAL FICTION Music ETHNOMUSICOLOGY MUSIC AND SOCIETY PRIMITIVE ART SOCIAL SCIENCE FICTION STYLE
DEMOGRAPHY CENSUS COHORT ANALYSIS EUGENICS FERTILITY FERTILITY CONTROL GENETICS DEMOGRAPHY AND POPULATION GENETICS LIFE TABLES LITERACY MIGRATION SOCIAL ASPECTS MORTALITY NUPTIALITY POPULATION
SOCIAL BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL THE REGULATION OF ANIMAL POPULATIONS VITAL STATISTICS
POPULATION THEORIES
BERTILLON, JACQUES CARR-SAUNDERS, A. M. FAHLBECK, PONTUS ERLAND GRAUNT, JOHN KING, GREGORY KOROSY,JOZSEF KULISCHER, EUGENE LOTKA, ALFRED J. Louis, P. C. A. MALTHUS, THOMAS ROBERT PETTY, WILLIAM
OPTIMUM POPULATION THEORY
SUNDT, ElLERT LUND
THE FIELD OF DEMOGRAPHY
POPULATION COMPOSITION POPULATION DISTRIBUTION POPULATION GROWTH
SUSSMILCH, JOHANN PETER
WILLCOX, WALTER F.
POPULATION POLICIES
ECONOMETRICS AGGREGATION BUSINESS CYCLES MATHEMATICAL MODELS DECISION MAKING ECONOMIC ASPECTS DEMAND AND SUPPLY ECONOMETRIC STUDIES DISTRIBUTED LAGS ECONOMETRIC MODELS, AGGREGATE ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC EQUILIBRIUM
ECONOMIC GROWTH MATHEMATICAL THEORY GAME THEORY ECONOMIC APPLICATIONS INDEX NUMBERS THEORETICAL ASPECTS INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS INTERNATIONAL TRADE MATHEMATICAL THEORY INVENTORIES INVENTORY CONTROL THEORY
CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES INVESTMENT THE AGGREGATE INVESTMENT FUNCTION PREDICTION AND FORECASTING, ECONOMIC PRODUCTION PRODUCTION AND COST ANALYSIS PROGRAMMING SIMULATION ECONOMIC PROCESSES SIMULTANEOUS EQUATION ESTIMATION SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS IN ECONOMICS SPATIAL ECONOMICS THE PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM APPROACH THE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM APPROACH STATICS AND DYNAMICS IN ECONOMICS STOCK-FLOW ANALYSIS SURVEY ANALYSIS APPLICATIONS IN ECONOMICS TIME SERIES GENERAL SEASONAL ADJUSTMENT
ECONOMIC
ANDERSON, OSKAR N. BENINI, RODOLFO COURNOT, ANTOINE AUGUSTIN DIVISIA, FRANCOIS DUPUIT, JULES EDGEWORTH, FRANCIS YSIDRO ENGEL, ERNST FISHER, IRVING JEVONS, WILLIAM STANLEY LANGE, OSKAR LAUNHARDT, WILHELM MARSHALL, ALFRED MOORE, HENRY L. PARETO, VILFREDO PETTY, WILLIAM SCHULTZ, HENRY SLUTSKY, EUGEN VON NEUMANN, JOHN WALRAS, LEON WHEWELL. WILLIAM
DEVELOPMENT
AGRICULTURE HISTORY CAPITAL LABOR
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES CAPITAL, HUMAN CAPITAL, SOCIAL OVERHEAD CAPITALISM COLONIALISM ECONOMIC ASPECTS COMMODITY AGREEMENTS, INTERNATIONAL COMMUNISM, ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION OF AGRICULTURE CREDIT AGRICULTURAL CREDIT DEVELOPMENT BANKS ECONOMIC ANTHROPOLOGY ECONOMIC DATA THE SOVIET UNION AND EASTERN EUROPE MAINLAND CHINA ECONOMIC GROWTH OVERVIEW
THEORY
MATHEMATICAL THEORY NONECONOMIC ASPECTS ECONOMY, DUAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP FOREIGN AID ECONOMIC ASPECTS INDU STRIALIZATION ECONOMIC ASPECTS INDUSTRY, SMALL LABOR RELATIONS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES LAND TENURE AGRICULTURAL TENANCY LAND REFORM PLANNING, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLANNING PLANTATIONS STAGNATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNOLOGY THE STUDY OF TECHNOLOGY
ECONOMICS In addition to the articles listed below, the following categories should be consulted: Econometrics and Economic Development. ACCOUNTING ADVERTISING ECONOMIC ASPECTS AGING ECONOMIC ASPECTS AGRICULTURE COMPARATIVE TECHNOLOGY
PRODUCTION CAPITAL LABOR
PRODUCTIVITY AND TECHNOLOGY MARKETING PRICE AND INCOME POLICIES ANTITRUST LEGISLATION
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CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES
AUTOMATION BANKING BANKING, CENTRAL BUDGETING GOVERNMENT BUDGETING BUSINESS CYCLES GENERAL
MATHEMATICAL MODELS BUSINESS MANAGEMENT CAPITAL CAPITAL, HUMAN CAPITALISM CARTELS AND TRADE ASSOCIATIONS COMMODITY AGREEMENTS, INTERNATIONAL COMMUNISM, ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION OF OVERVIEW AGRICULTURE PUBLIC FINANCE INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMPETITION CONSERVATION ECONOMIC ASPECTS CONSUMER SOVEREIGNTY CONSUMERS CONSUMPTION LEVELS AND STANDARDS CONSUMER ASSETS CONSUMER BEHAVIOR CONSUMER'S SURPLUS CONSUMPTION FUNCTION COOPERATIVES CORPORATION COST CREDIT GOVERNMENT CREDIT AGRICULTURAL CREDIT CROSS-SECTION ANALYSIS DEBT, PUBLIC DECISION MAKING ECONOMIC ASPECTS DEMAND AND SUPPLY GENERAL
DISCRIMINATION, ECONOMIC ECONOMIC DATA GENERAL
ECONOMIC EQUILIBRIUM ECONOMIC EXPECTATIONS ECONOMIC THOUGHT ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL THOUGHT MERCANTILIST THOUGHT PHYSIOCRATIC THOUGHT SOCIALIST THOUGHT THE HISTORICAL SCHOOL THE AUSTRIAN SCHOOL THE INSTITUTIONAL SCHOOL ECONOMICS ECONOMICS OF DEFENSE ECONOMIES OF SCALE ECONOMY AND SOCIETY ELASTICITY EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP EXTERNAL ECONOMIES AND DISECONOMIES
FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES FIRM, THEORY OF THE FISCAL POLICY OVERVIEW WARTIME FISCAL POLICY GAME THEORY THEORETICAL ASPECTS ECONOMIC APPLICATIONS HISTORY ECONOMIC HISTORY BUSINESS HISTORY INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT THEORY INCOME DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONAL SHARE SIZE
INDEX NUMBERS PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS INDUSTRIAL CONCENTRATION INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS REWARD SYSTEMS AND INCENTIVES INFLATION AND DEFLATION INNOVATION INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS INSTALLMENT CREDIT INTEREST INTERNAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION ECONOMIC UNIONS INTERNATIONAL MONETARY ECONOMICS BALANCE OF PAYMENTS EXCHANGE RATES INTERNATIONAL MONETARY ORGANIZATION PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MOVEMENTS INTERNATIONAL TRADE THEORY
MATHEMATICAL THEORY TERMS OF TRADE PATTERNS OF TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE CONTROLS TARIFFS AND PROTECTIONISM EXPORT SUBSIDIES AND DUMPING QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS AND QUOTAS TRADE AGREEMENTS STATE TRADING INVENTORIES INVENTORY BEHAVIOR INVESTMENT THE AGGREGATE INVESTMENT FUNCTION THE INVESTMENT DECISION LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION HOURS OF WORK LABOR RELATIONS COLLECTIVE BARGAINING SETTLEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES LABOR UNIONS THEORIES OF THE LABOR MOVEMENT LABOR MOVEMENTS AND COLLECTIVE BARGAINING IN EUROPE
THE STRUCTURE OF UNIONS IN THE UNITED STATES INFLUENCE ON WAGES LAISSEZ-FAIRE
CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES LAND ECONOMIC ASPECTS LICENSING, OCCUPATIONAL LIQUIDITY PREFERENCE LOCAL FINANCE MARKET RESEARCH MARKET ANALYSIS MARKETS AND INDUSTRIES MEDICAL CARE ECONOMIC ASPECTS MERGERS MIGRATION ECONOMIC ASPECTS MONETARY POLICY MONEY GENERAL
QUANTITY THEORY VELOCITY OF CIRCULATION MONETARY REFORM MONOPOLY NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS NATIONAL WEALTH ESTIMATION DISTRIBUTION NATIONALIZATION OLIGOPOLY PATENTS PENSION FUNDS PLANNING, ECONOMIC WESTERN EUROPE EASTERN EUROPE PLANNING, SOCIAL RESOURCE PLANNING POVERTY PREDICTION AND FORECASTING, ECONOMIC PRICES PRICING POLICIES PRICE CONTROL AND RATIONING PRICE HISTORY PRODUCTION PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT PUBLIC EXPENDITURES REGULATION OF INDUSTRY RENT RESALE PRICE MAINTENANCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SECURITIES MARKETS SIMULTANEOUS EQUATION ESTIMATION SPECIALIZATION AND EXCHANGE SPECULATION, HEDGING, AND ARBITRAGE STATICS AND DYNAMICS IN ECONOMICS SUBSIDIES SURVEY ANALYSIS APPLICATIONS IN ECONOMICS TAXATION GENERAL PERSONAL INCOME TAXES CORPORATION INCOME TAXES PROPERTY TAXES
SALES AND EXCISE TAXES DEATH AND GIFT TAXES TECHNOLOGY THE STUDY OF TECHNOLOGY TIME SERIES SEASONAL ADJUSTMENT TRADE AND MARKETS TRANSPORTATION ECONOMIC ASPECTS UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE UTILITY VALUE, LABOR THEORY OF WAGES THEORY STRUCTURE SYSTEMS OF PAYMENT WAGE AND HOUR LEGISLATION FRINGE BENEFITS WATER RESOURCES WELFARE ECONOMICS WELFARE STATE WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION AFTALION, ALBERT AQUINAS, THOMAS AUSPITZ, RUDOLF, AND LIEBEN, RICHARD BAGEHOT, WALTER BARONE, ENRICO BARTON,JOHN BASTIAT, FREDERIC BECHER, JOHANN JOACHIM BERKELEY, GEORGE BEVERIDGE, WILLIAM HENRY BOHM-BAWERK, EUGEN VON BORTKIEWICZ, LADISLAUS VON BOWLEY, ARTHUR LYON BRENTANO, Lujo BRESCIANI-TURRONI, CONSTANTINO BUCHER, KARL CAIRNES, JOHN ELLIOTT CANTILLON, RICHARD CAREY. HENRY C. CARVER. THOMAS NIXON CASSEL, KARL GUSTAV CLARK, JOHN BATES CLARK, JOHN MAURICE COMMONS, JOHN R. CONDILLAC, ETIENNE BONNOT DE COURNOT, ANTOINE AUGUSTIN DAVENANT, CHARLES DAVENPORT, HERBERT J. DAVIDSON, DAVID DIVISIA, FRANCOIS DUPUIT, JULES EDGEWORTH, FRANCIS YSIDRO EINAUDI, LUIGI ELY, RICHARD T. ENGEL, ERNST ENGELS, FRIEDRICH FISHER, IRVING GALIANI, FERDINANDO
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CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES
GEORGE, HENRY GERVAISE, ISAAC GIFFEN, ROBERT GINI, CORRADO GOSSEN, HERMANN HEINRICH HAMILTON, WALTON H. HANSEN, ALVIN HAWTREY, R. G. HECKSCHER, En
SCHLESINGER, KARL SCHMOLLER, GUSTAV SCHULTZ, HENRY SCHUMPETER, JOSEPH A. SELIGMAN, EDWIN R. A. SENIOR, NASSAU WILLIAM SERRA, ANTONIO SIDGWICK, HENRY
HlLDEBRAND, BRUNO
SlMONDE DE SlSMONDI, J. C. L.
HOBSON, JOHN A. HUME, DAVID INNIS, HAROLD ADAMS JACOBS SON, PER JEVONS, WILLIAM STANLEY JOHNSON, ALVIN JUGLAR, CLEMENT KEYNES, JOHN MAYNARD KEYNES, JOHN NEVILLE KNAPP, GEORG FRIEDRICH KNIES, KARL
SIMONS, HENRY C. SLUTSKY, EUGEN SMITH, ADAM SOMBART, WERNER SPIETHOFF, ARTHUR STAMP, JOSIAH CHARLES STEUART, JAMES DENHAM TAUSSIG, FRANK W. THOMPSON, WILLIAM THORNTON, HENRY THUNEN, JOHANN HEINRICH VON TOOKE, THOMAS TORRENS, ROBERT TOYNBEE, ARNOLD TUGAN-BARANOVSKII, MIKHAIL I. TURGOT, ANNE ROBERT JACQUES USHER, ABBOTT P. VEBLEN, THORSTEIN VITI DE MARCO, ANTONIO DE
KNIGHT, FRANK H. KONDRATIEFF, N. D. LANGE, OSKAR LAUDERDALE, JAMES MAITLAND LAUNHARDT, WILHELM LAW, JOHN LESLIE, T. E. CLIFFE LIST, FRIEDRICH LOCKE, JOHN LONGFIELD, SAMUEL MOUNTIFORT LUXEMBURG, ROSA MCCULLOCH, JOHN RAMSEY MALTHUS, THOMAS ROBERT MANDEVILLE, BERNARD MANGOLDT, HANS VON MARSHALL, ALFRED MARX, KARL MENGER, CARL MERCIER DE LA RIVIERE MILL, JOHN STUART MISSELDEN, EDWARD MITCHELL, WESLEY C. MOORE, HENRY L. MULLER, ADAM HEINRICH MUN, THOMAS NEWCOMB, SIMON NORTH, DUDLEY ORESME, NICOLE OWEN, ROBERT PANTALEONI, MAFFEO PARETO, VILFREDO PERLMAN, SELIG PIGOU, ARTHUR CECIL POLANYI, KARL QUESNAY, FRANCOIS RAE, JOHN RICARDO, DAVID ROBERTSON, DENNIS HOLME RODBERTUS, JOHANN KARL ROSCHER, WILHELM SAY, JEAN BAPTISTE
SlMIAND, FRANgOIS
VON MlSES, LUDWIG
WAGNER, ADOLF WAKEFIELD, EDWARD GIBBON WALKER, FRANCIS A. WALRAS, LEON WEBER, ALFRED WEBER, MAX WEST, EDWARD WHEWELL, WILLIAM WICKSELL, KNUT WICKSTEED, PHILIP HENRY WIESER, FRIEDRICH VON Economic historians ASHLEY, WILLIAM JAMES BLOCK, MARC BRINKMANN, CARL BUCHER, KARL CLAPHAM, JOHN HAROLD COLE, G. D. H. CUNNINGHAM, WILLIAM EHRENBERG, RICHARD GRAS, N. S. B. HAMMOND, J. L. AND BARBARA HECKSCHER, ELI LAMPRECHT, KARL LEVASSEUR, EMILE PIRENNE, HENRI ROGERS, JAMES E, THOROLD SEE, HENRI TAWNEY, R. H. UN WIN, GEORGE USHER, ABBOTT P. WEBB, SIDNEY AND BEATRICE
CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES EDUCATION ACADEMIC FREEDOM ACHIEVEMENT TESTING ADULT EDUCATION AREA STUDIES CAPITAL, HUMAN CONFERENCES COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY EDUCATION THE STUDY OF EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS EDUCATION AND SOCIETY EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY FOUNDATIONS LEARNING LEARNING IN CHILDREN PROGRAMMED LEARNING
TEACHING UNIVERSITIES
BINET, ALFRED CATTELL, JAMES McKEEN DEWEY, JOHN JUDD, CHARLES H. KELLEY, TRUMAN L. LOCKE, JOHN MONTESSORI, MARIA ROUSSEAU, JEAN JACQUES TERMAN, LEWIS M. THORNDIKE, EDWARD L. THURSTONE, L. L. WALLER, WILLARD W.
GEOGRAPHY AREA CARTOGRAPHY CENTRAL PLACE ENCLAVES AND EXCLAVES ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENTALISM GEOGRAPHY THE FIELD POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY SOCIAL GEOGRAPHY STATISTICAL GEOGRAPHY LAND CLASSIFICATION LANDSCAPE REGION REGIONAL SCIENCE
BARANSKII, NIKOLAI N. BOWMAN, ISAIAH BROWN, RALPH H. FLEURE, H. J. HETTNER, ALFRED HUMBOLDT, ALEXANDER VON HUNTINGTON, ELLSWORTH KJELLEN, RUDOLF MACKINDER, HALFORD MARSH, GEORGE PERKINS RATZEL, FRIEDRICH RITTER, CARL SAUER, CARL O. TELEKI, PAL VlDAL DE LA BLACHE, PAUL
HISTORY AND HISTORIOGRAPHY The articles listed below deal primarily with the philosophy of history, the major fields of history, and the concepts and problems of history writing, as well as with some important historical institutions. Many of the other articles in the encyclopedia contain historical material, and the following categories should also be consulted: Economics (economic historians); Religion; Social Problems; Societies. Many articles describing the historical development of the social sciences are listed under the various disciplinary categories. AGRICULTURE HISTORY ANTI-SEMITISM COLONIALISM POLITICAL ASPECTS ECONOMIC ASPECTS
DOMESTICATION THE FOOD-PRODUCING REVOLUTION ANIMAL DOMESTICATION ECONOMIC GROWTH OVERVIEW EMPIRES
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FALANGISM FASCISM FEUDALISM GILDS HISTORIOGRAPHY THE RHETORIC OF HISTORY AFRICAN HISTORIOGRAPHY CHINESE HISTORIOGRAPHY ISLAMIC HISTORIOGRAPHY JAPANESE HISTORIOGRAPHY SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY HISTORY THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY HISTORY AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCES ETHNOHISTORY CULTURE HISTORY SOCIAL HISTORY INTELLECTUAL HISTORY ECONOMIC HISTORY BUSINESS HISTORY HUNTING AND GATHERING OLD WORLD PREHISTORIC SOCIETIES NEW WORLD PREHISTORIC SOCIETIES MANORIAL ECONOMY NATIONAL SOCIALISM NATIONALISM PAN MOVEMENTS PERIODIZATION PRICES PRICE HISTORY SCIENCE THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE SLAVERY SOCIALISM SYNDICALISM
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, ADJUDICATION INTERNATIONAL ADJUDICATION AGGRESSION INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS ALLIANCES BALANCE OF POWER COLLECTIVE SECURITY COLONIALISM POLITICAL ASPECTS COMMUNICATION, POLITICAL INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS COMMUNISM THE INTERNATIONAL MOVEMENT THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM CONFLICT OF LAWS CONTAINMENT CRISIS DETERRENCE DIPLOMACY DISARMAMENT DISENGAGEMENT
URBAN REVOLUTION INTRODUCTION EARLY CIVILIZATIONS OF THE NEW WORLD ZIONISM ACTON, J. E. E. D. BARNES, HARRY ELMER BEARD, CHARLES A. BLOCK, MARC BURCKHARDT, JACOB CROCE, BENEDETTO DlLTHEY, WlLHELM
ENGELS, FRIEDRICH FEBVRE, LUCIEN
FUSTEL DE COULANGES, NUMA DENIS HALEVY, ELIE HEGEL, GEORG WILHELM FRIEDRICH HINTZE, OTTO HUIZINGA, JOHAN IBN KHALDUN KOYRE, ALEXANDRE LORIA, ACHILLE MACAULAY, THOMAS BABINGTON MARX, KARL MEINECKE, FRIEDRICH NAMIER, L. B. RANKE, LEOPOLD VON ROBINSON, JAMES HARVEY SARTON, GEORGE SPENGLER, OSWALD TAWNEY, R. H. TREITSCHKE, HEINRICH VON TURNER, FREDERICK JACKSON Vico, GIOVANNI BATTISTA VOLTAIRE
ORGANIZATION, AND LAW ECONOMIC WARFARE FOREIGN AID POLITICAL ASPECTS FOREIGN POLICY HUMAN RIGHTS IMPERIALISM INTELLIGENCE, MILITARY AND POLITICAL INTERNAL WARFARE CIVIL WAR GUERRILLA WARFARE INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT RESOLUTION INTERNATIONAL CRIMES INTERNATIONAL CULTURAL COOPERATION INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL INTEGRATION GLOBAL INTEGRATION FUNCTIONALISM AND FUNCTIONAL INTEGRATION INTERNATIONAL LAW INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION INTERNATIONAL MONETARY ECONOMICS INTERNATIONAL MONETARY ORGANIZATION
CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION THE PROCESS AND THE INSTITUTIONS ADMINISTRATION FINANCING INTERNATIONAL POLITICS INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THE FIELD IDEOLOGICAL ASPECTS PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS ISOLATIONISM LIMITED WAR MILITARY POWER POTENTIAL NATIONAL INTEREST NATIONAL SECURITY NEGOTIATION NEUTRALISM AND NONALIGNMENT NUCLEAR WAR PAN MOVEMENTS PEACE POWER TRANSITION PROPAGANDA PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE
SANCTIONS, INTERNATIONAL SPACE, OUTER POLITICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS STRATEGY SYSTEMS ANALYSIS INTERNATIONAL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS TRUSTEESHIP WAR THE STUDY OF WAR ZIONISM
CLAUSEWITZ, KARL VON DOUHET, GIULIO GROTIUS, HUGO JACOBSSON, PER MAHAN, ALFRED THAYER RICHARDSON, LEWIS FRY SUAREZ, FRANCISCO VATTEL, EMER DE
LAW In addition to the articles listed below, the following categories should be consulted: International Relations, Organization, and Law; Social Problems. ADJUDICATION DOMESTIC ADJUDICATION ADMINISTRATIVE LAW ANTITRUST LEGISLATION CANON LAW CAPITAL PUNISHMENT CENSORSHIP CONFLICT OF INTEREST CONSTITUTIONAL LAW DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS CIVIL LIBERTIES CIVIL RIGHTS CRIMINAL LAW DUTY INTERNMENT AND CUSTODY JUDICIAL PROCESS INTRODUCTION JUDICIAL ADMINISTRATION JUDICIAL REVIEW JUDICIARY JUDICIAL BEHAVIOR JUDICIAL VALUES JUDICIAL DISCRETION JUDICIAL RECRUITMENT JURISPRUDENCE JUSTICE LAW THE SOCIOLOGY OF LAW THE LEGAL SYSTEM
THE LEGAL PROFESSION LAW AND LEGAL INSTITUTIONS LEGAL REASONING LEGAL SYSTEMS COMPARATIVE LAW AND LEGAL SYSTEMS COMMON LAW SYSTEMS CODE LAW SYSTEMS SOCIALIST LEGAL SYSTEMS-SOVIET LAW MILITARY LAW PENOLOGY PROBATION AND PAROLE POLICE PRIVACY PSYCHIATRY FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY PUBLIC LAW THE FIELD COMPARATIVE PUBLIC LAW PUNISHMENT STATISTICS AS LEGAL EVIDENCE AUSTIN, JOHN BECCARIA BENTHAM, JEREMY BLACKSTONE, WILLIAM BRANDEIS, Louis DEMBITZ CARDOZO, BENJAMIN COKE, EDWARD DUGUIT, LEON
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EHRLICH, EUGEN FRANK, JEROME GIERKE, OTTO VON HAMILTON, WALTON H. HAURIOU, MAURICE HOLMES, OLIVER WENDELL JELLINEK, GEORG KANTOROWICZ, HERMANN
KELSEN, HANS LLEWELLYN, KARL N. MCILWAIN, CHARLES H. MAINE, HENRY SUMNER MOORE, JOHN BASSETT POUND, ROSCOE RADBRUCH, GUSTAV SAVIGNY, FRIEDRICH CARL VON
LINGUISTICS COMPONENTIAL ANALYSIS LANGUAGE LANGUAGE AND CULTURE LINGUISTICS THE FIELD HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS THE SPEECH COMMUNITY PERCEPTION SPEECH PERCEPTION SEMANTICS AND SEMIOTICS
BLOOMFIELD, LEONARD BOAS, FRANZ CASSIRER, ERNST KROEBER, ALFRED L. SAPIR, EDWARD SAUSSURE, FERDINAND DE WHORF, BENJAMIN L.
METHODOLOGY The articles listed below emphasize research methods in the various social science disciplines. Many other articles in the encyclopedia include further discussions of specific methods, applicable primarily to individual fields or topics. Most of the articles listed under Statistics are methodological in nature; the categories Econometrics and Philosophy of Science should also be consulted. ADVERTISING ADVERTISING RESEARCH ANTHROPOLOGY THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY OF MODERN SOCIETY THE COMPARATIVE METHOD IN ANTHROPOLOGY ARCHEOLOGY RESEARCH METHODS CENSUS CLUSTERING COALITIONS THE STUDY OF COALITIONS COALITION FORMATION COHORT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY THE STUDY OF COMMUNITY POWER COMPONENTIAL ANALYSIS COMPUTATION CONTENT ANALYSIS CROSS-SECTION ANALYSIS CYBERNETICS ECONOMIC DATA GENERAL
ERRORS NONSAMPLING ERRORS EVALUATION RESEARCH EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN THE DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
FACTOR ANALYSIS PSYCHOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS FIELD WORK FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS GAME THEORY THEORETICAL ASPECTS GRAPHIC PRESENTATION GROUPS THE STUDY OF GROUPS INDEX NUMBERS THEORETICAL ASPECTS PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS SAMPLING INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL THE FIELD INFORMATION THEORY INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS INTERACTION INTERACTION PROCESS ANALYSIS INTERVIEWING SOCIAL RESEARCH PERSONALITY APPRAISAL INVENTORIES INVENTORY CONTROL THEORY LIFE TABLES MARKET RESEARCH CONSUMER RESEARCH
CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES MATHEMATICS MENTAL DISORDERS EXPERIMENTAL STUDY MODELS, MATHEMATICAL OBSERVATION SOCIAL OBSERVATION AND SOCIAL CASE STUDIES PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION OPERATIONS RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS METHODS OF RESEARCH PANEL STUDIES PERSONALITY MEASUREMENT OVERVIEW PREDICTION PROGRAMMING PROJECTIVE METHODS PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUES THE RORSCHACH TEST THE THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST PSYCHOMETRICS QUALITY CONTROL, STATISTICAL ACCEPTANCE SAMPLING PROCESS CONTROL RELIABILITY AND LIFE TESTING QUANTAL RESPONSE REASON ANALYSIS SAMPLE SURVEYS THE FIELD NONPROBABILITY SAMPLING SCALING SCREENING AND SELECTION
SIGNIFICANCE, TESTS OF SIMULATION INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR ECONOMIC PROCESSES POLITICAL PROCESSES SIMULTANEOUS EQUATION ESTIMATION SOCIOLOGY THE EARLY HISTORY OF SOCIAL RESEARCH SOCIOMETRY STATICS AND DYNAMICS IN ECONOMICS STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, SPECIAL PROBLEMS OF TRANSFORMATIONS OF DATA GROUPED OBSERVATIONS STATISTICS THE HISTORY OF STATISTICAL METHOD STATISTICS, DESCRIPTIVE LOCATION AND DISPERSION ASSOCIATION SURVEY ANALYSIS METHODS OF SURVEY ANALYSIS THE ANALYSIS OF ATTRIBUTE DATA APPLICATIONS IN ECONOMICS TABULAR PRESENTATION TIME BUDGETS TIME SERIES GENERAL
ADVANCED PROBLEMS TYPOLOGIES VERSTEHEN VITAL STATISTICS
PERSONALITY ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION ADOLESCENCE AFFECTION AGGRESSION PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS AGING PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS ANALYTICAL PSYCHOLOGY ANXIETY BODY IMAGE CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY CONFLICT PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS CONFORMITY COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY CREATIVITY PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS CULTURE AND PERSONALITY DEFENSE MECHANISMS DELINQUENCY PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY THE FIELD
A THEORY OF DEVELOPMENT DREAMS DRINKING AND ALCOHOLISM PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
DRIVES ACQUIRED DRIVES EXPRESSIVE BEHAVIOR FACTOR ANALYSIS PSYCHOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS FANTASY FIELD THEORY IDENTITY, PSYCHOSOCIAL IMITATION INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY INFANCY INFANT DEVELOPMENT THE EFFECTS OF EARLY EXPERIENCE INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT INTELLIGENCE AND INTELLIGENCE TESTING INTERACTION INTERACTION AND PERSONALITY INTERVIEWING PERSONALITY APPRAISAL LANGUAGE LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT LEADERSHIP PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS LIFE CYCLE LITERATURE THE PSYCHOLOGY OF LITERATURE MENTAL DISORDERS CHILDHOOD MENTAL DISORDERS
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MENTAL RETARDATION MORAL DEVELOPMENT MOTIVATION HUMAN MOTIVATION NATIONAL CHARACTER OBESITY PERCEPTION PERCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT PERCEPTUAL DEPRIVATION PERSON PERCEPTION PERSONALITY THE FIELD PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT PERSONALITY: CONTEMPORARY VIEWPOINTS A UNIQUE AND OPEN SYSTEM COMPONENTS OF AN EVOLVING PERSONOLOGICAL SYSTEM PERSONALITY, POLITICAL THE STUDY OF POLITICAL PERSONALITY CONSERVATISM AND RADICALISM PERSONALITY MEASUREMENT OVERVIEW PERSONALITY INVENTORIES THE MINNESOTA MULTIPHASIC PERSONALITY INVENTORY SITUATIONAL TESTS PROJECTIVE METHODS PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUES THE RORSCHACH TEST THE THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST PSYCHOLOGY EXISTENTIAL PSYCHOLOGY SELF CONCEPT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SEXUAL DEVIATION: PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS SMOKING SUGGESTION
PHILOSOPHY
SUICIDE PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS SYMPATHY AND EMPATHY SYSTEMS ANALYSIS PSYCHOLOGICAL SYSTEMS THINKING COGNITIVE ORGANIZATION AND PROCESSES TRAITS
ADLER, ALFRED BENEDICT, RUTH COOLEY, CHARLES H. FRENKEL-BRUNSWIK, ELSE FREUD, SIGMUND GESELL, ARNOLD L. GOLDSTEIN, KURT HALL, G. STANLEY HORNEY, KAREN HOVLAND, CARL I. JAMES, WILLIAM JUNG, CARL GUSTAV KRETSCHMER, ERNST LEWIN, KURT LINTON, RALPH MCDOUGALL, WILLIAM MALINOWSKI, BRONISLAW MEAD, GEORGE HERBERT ROHEIM, GEZA RORSCHACH, HERMANN SELIGMAN, C. G. STERN, WILLIAM SULLIVAN, HARRY STACK THOMAS, W. I. THURSTONE, L. L.
OF SCIENCE
CAUSATION POSITIVISM SCIENCE THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION
BACON, FRANCIS CASSIRER, ERNST COHEN, MORRIS R. DESCARTES, RENE
DEWEY, JOHN DlLTHEY, WlLHELM
HUME, DAVID HUSSERL, EDMUND JAMES, WILLIAM MILL, JOHN STUART OCKHAM, WILLIAM OF PEIRCE, CHARLES SANDERS SCHLICK, MORITZ SCHUTZ, ALFRED WHITEHEAD, ALFRED NORTH
POLITICAL SCIENCE In addition to the articles listed below, the following categories should be consulted: History; International Relations, Organization, and Law; Law; Social Problems. ACCESS TO POLITICS ADMINISTRATION THE ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTION
THE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESS ADMINISTRATIVE BEHAVIOR ANARCHISM
CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES APPORTIONMENT AUTHORITY AUTOCRACY BIPARTISANSHIP BRAINWASHING BUDGETING BUDGETING AS A POLITICAL PROCESS CAUDILLISMO CENTRALIZATION AND DECENTRALIZATION CHINESE POLITICAL THOUGHT CITY METROPOLITAN GOVERNMENT CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS CIVIL SERVICE COALITIONS THE STUDY OF COALITIONS COALITION FORMATION COMMISSIONS, GOVERNMENT COMMUNICATION, POLITICAL INTRODUCTION COMMUNISM SOVIET COMMUNISM NATIONAL COMMUNISM COMMUNITY THE STUDY OF COMMUNITY POWER CONFLICT POLITICAL ASPECTS CONSENSUS THE STUDY OF CONSENSUS CONSERVATION POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS CONSERVATISM CONSTITUTIONAL LAW INTRODUCTION CONSTITUTIONS AND CONSTITUTIONALISM CRISIS GOVERNMENT CROSS PRESSURE DECISION MAKING POLITICAL ASPECTS DELEGATION OF POWERS DEMOCRACY DICTATORSHIP ECONOMIC THOUGHT SOCIALIST THOUGHT ELECTIONS THE FUNCTIONS OF ELECTIONS ELECTORAL SYSTEMS ELITES EQUALITY THE CONCEPT OF EQUALITY EQUALITY AS AN IDEAL FALANGISM FASCISM FEDERALISM FREEDOM GENERAL WILL GENERATIONS POLITICAL GENERATIONS GEOGRAPHY POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY GOVERNMENT
IDENTIFICATION, POLITICAL IDEOLOGY THE CONCEPT AND FUNCTION OF IDEOLOGY INDIAN POLITICAL THOUGHT INTEREST GROUPS JUDICIAL PROCESS INTRODUCTION COMPARATIVE ASPECTS JUDICIAL REVIEW JUDICIARY JUDICIAL BEHAVIOR LATIN AMERICAN POLITICAL MOVEMENTS LEADERSHIP POLITICAL ASPECTS LEGISLATION NATURE AND FUNCTIONS LEGISLATURES LEGISLATIVE BEHAVIOR LEGITIMACY LIBERALISM LITERATURE POLITICAL FICTION LOBBYING LOCAL GOVERNMENT LOCAL POLITICS LOYALTY MAJORITY RULE MARXISM MILITARISM MILITARY POLICY MODERNIZATION POLITICAL ASPECTS MONARCHY NATION NATIONAL SOCIALISM NATIONALISM NATURAL LAW NATURAL RIGHTS NONPARTISANSHIP OFFICE, MISUSE OF OLIGARCHY PACIFISM PARLIAMENTARY GOVERNMENT PARTIES, POLITICAL PARTY UNITS PARTY SYSTEMS PERSONALITY, POLITICAL THE STUDY OF POLITICAL PERSONALITY PLURALISM POLITICAL ANTHROPOLOGY THE FIELD POLITICAL ORGANIZATION POLITICAL BEHAVIOR POLITICAL CLUBS POLITICAL CULTURE POLITICAL EFFICACY POLITICAL EXECUTIVE POLITICAL FINANCING POLITICAL GROUP ANALYSIS POLITICAL JUSTICE POLITICAL MACHINES POLITICAL PARTICIPATION
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POLITICAL PROCESS POLITICAL RECRUITMENT AND CAREERS POLITICAL SCIENCE POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY POLITICAL THEORY APPROACHES TRENDS AND GOALS POLITICS, COMPARATIVE POWER PRESIDENTIAL GOVERNMENT PROTESTANT POLITICAL THOUGHT PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC INTEREST PUBLIC LAW THE FIELD PUBLIC OPINION INTRODUCTION POLITICAL OPINION PUBLIC POLICY RADICALISM REPRESENTATION THEORY
REPRESENTATIONAL SYSTEMS REPRESENTATIONAL BEHAVIOR RESPONSIBILITY REVOLUTION RULES OF THE GAME SCIENCE SCIENCE-GOVERNMENT RELATIONS SIMULATION POLITICAL PROCESSES SOCIAL CONTRACT SOCIAL MOVEMENTS TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL MOVEMENTS SOCIALISM SOCIALIZATION POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION SOVEREIGNTY STATE THE INSTITUTION THE CONCEPT STATELESS SOCIETY SYNDICALISM SYSTEMS ANALYSIS POLITICAL SYSTEMS TOTALITARIANISM UTILITARIANISM THE PHILOSOPHY UTOPIANISM UTOPIAS AND UTOPIANISM VOTING WELFARE STATE
ACTON, J. E. E. D. AQUINAS, THOMAS ARISTOTLE AUGUSTINE BAGEHOT, WALTER BAKUNIN, MIKHAIL A. BENTHAM, JEREMY
BENTLEY, ARTHUR F. BERNSTEIN, EDUARD BODIN, JEAN BOSANQUET, BERNARD BRECHT, ARNOLD BRUSEWITZ, AXEL BRYCE, JAMES BUONARROTI, FILIPPO BURKE, EDMUND CALVIN, JOHN COKER, FRANCIS W. CONDORCET DICEY, ALBERT VENN ENGELS, FRIEDRICH FANON, FRANTZ FIGGIS, JOHN NEVILLE FOURIER, CHARLES GERSON, JEAN DE GIERKE, OTTO VON GOBINEAU, JOSEPH ARTHUR DE GOODNOW, FRANK J. GREEN, T. H. HAMILTON, ALEXANDER HARRINGTON, JAMES HEGEL, GEORG WILHELM FRIEDRICH HELLER, HERMANN HJARNE, HARALD HOBBES, THOMAS JEFFERSON, THOMAS KAUTILYA KAUTSKY, KARL KEY, V. O., JR. KROPOTKIN, P'ETR LASKI, HAROLD J. LENIN LINDSAY, A. D. LIPPMANN, WALTER LOCKE, JOHN LOWELL, A. LAWRENCE LUTHER, MARTIN LUXEMBURG, ROSA MACHIAVELLI, NICCOLO MCILWAIN, CHARLES H. MADISON, JAMES MAITLAND, FREDERIC WILLIAM MAN, HENDRIK (HENRI) DE MANDEVILLE, BERNARD MARSILIUS OF PADUA MARX, KARL MASARYK, THOMAS G. MAURRAS, CHARLES MERRIAM, CHARLES E. MICHELS, ROBERT MILL, JOHN STUART MONTESQUIEU MOSCA, GAETANO OSTROGORSKII, MOISEI IA.
PAINE, THOMAS PLATO PROUDHON, PIERRE JOSEPH RICE, STUART
CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES ROUSSEAU, JEAN JACQUES SAINT-SIMON SCHMITT, CARL SHANG YANG SIEGFRIED, ANDRE SOREL, GEORGES
TOCQUEVILLE, ALEXIS DE TROTSKY, LEON WALLAS, GRAHAM WEBB, SIDNEY AND BEATRICE WlLLOUGHBY, WESTEL WOODBURY WILSON, WOODROW
PROFESSIONS ACCOUNTING ARCHITECTURE CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY ENGINEERING FINE ARTS THE RECRUITMENT AND SOCIALIZATION OF ARTISTS JOURNALISM LAW THE LEGAL PROFESSION LICENSING, OCCUPATIONAL MEDICAL PERSONNEL PHYSICIANS PARA-MEDICAL PERSONNEL MILITARY
OCCUPATIONS AND CAREERS POLICE PROFESSIONS PSYCHIATRY THE FIELD CHILD PSYCHIATRY FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY THE RELIGIO-PSYCHIATRIC MOVEMENT PUBLIC RELATIONS RELIGIOUS SPECIALISTS SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY SCIENCE SCIENTISTS SOCIAL WORK TEACHING
PSYCHIATRY ANALYTICAL PSYCHOLOGY ANXIETY CHARACTER DISORDERS CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY DEFENSE MECHANISMS DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS DREAMS DRUGS DRUG ADDICTION: ORGANIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS HYSTERIA INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY INTERVIEWING THERAPEUTIC INTERVIEWING LANGUAGE SPEECH PATHOLOGY MENTAL DISORDERS GENETIC ASPECTS ORGANIC ASPECTS BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS EPIDEMIOLOGY CHILDHOOD MENTAL DISORDERS EXPERIMENTAL STUDY MENTAL DISORDERS, TREATMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENT CLIENT-CENTERED COUNSELING GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY BEHAVIOR THERAPY SOMATIC TREATMENT THE THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH THE CONCEPT NEUROSIS
OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDERS PARANOID REACTIONS PHOBIAS PSYCHIATRY THE FIELD CHILD PSYCHIATRY SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY THE RELIGIO-PSYCHIATRIC MOVEMENT PSYCHOANALYSIS CLASSICAL THEORY EGO PSYCHOLOGY THERAPEUTIC METHODS EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES PSYCHOPATHIC PERSONALITY PSYCHOSIS PSYCHOSOMATIC ILLNESS SCHIZOPHRENIA SUICIDE PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
ABRAHAM, KARL ADLER, ALFRED ALEXANDER, FRANZ ANGYAL, ANDRAS BLEULER, EUGEN CHARCOT, JEAN MARTIN FERENCZI, SANDOR FREUD, SIGMUND GOLDSTEIN, KURT HORNEY, KAREN
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JANET, PIERRE JONES, ERNEST JUNG, CARL GUSTAV KLEIN, MELANIE KRAEPELIN, EMIL KRIS, ERNST MESMER, FRANZ ANTON
PSYCHOLOGY,
APPLIED
ACHIEVEMENT TESTING ADVERTISING ADVERTISING RESEARCH APTITUDE TESTING CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY CONSUMERS CONSUMER BEHAVIOR COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY ENGINEERING PSYCHOLOGY INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS PSYCHOLOGY INTELLIGENCE AND INTELLIGENCE TESTING LANGUAGE SPEECH PATHOLOGY LEARNING ACQUISITION OF SKILL
PSYCHOLOGY,
COMPARATIVE
COMMUNICATION, ANIMAL SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS DRIVES PHYSIOLOGICAL DRIVES ACQUIRED DRIVES DRUGS PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY DRUG ADDICTION: ORGANIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS ELECTROCONVULSIVE SHOCK ETHOLOGY EVOLUTION EVOLUTION AND BEHAVIOR GENETICS GENETICS AND BEHAVIOR HEARING HOMEOSTASIS IMPRINTING INSTINCT LEARNING NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS MENTAL DISORDERS GENETIC ASPECTS ORGANIC ASPECTS BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS MOTIVATION THE CONCEPT NERVOUS SYSTEM STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE BRAIN BRAIN STIMULATION ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY
PROGRAMMED LEARNING MARKET RESEARCH CONSUMER RESEARCH MENTAL DISORDERS, TREATMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENT BEHAVIOR THERAPY MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY PSYCHOLOGY APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY READING DISABILITIES UTOPIANISM THE DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTAL COMMUNITIES VISION
VISUAL DEFECTS VOCATIONAL INTEREST TESTING VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION
AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PAIN PSYCHOLOGY COMPARATIVE PSYCHOLOGY PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY CONSTITUTIONAL PSYCHOLOGY PSYCHOPHYSICS RADIATION SENSES OVERVIEW CENTRAL MECHANISMS SENSORY AND MOTOR DEVELOPMENT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR ANIMAL SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SKIN SENSES AND KINESTHESIS SOCIAL BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL THE FIELD STRESS TASTE AND SMELL VISION OVERVIEW EYE MOVEMENTS COLOR VISION AND COLOR BLINDNESS
BEKHTEREV, VLADIMIR M. BELL, CHARLES BROCA, PAUL CANNON, WALTER B. FECHNER, GUSTAV THEODOR FLOURENS, PIERRE
CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES GALL, FRANZ JOSEPH HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN VON HERING, EWALD KOHLER, WOLFGANG LASHLEY, KARL S. MORGAN, C. LLOYD MULLER, GEORG ELIAS MULLER, JOHANNES
PAVLOV, IVAN PETROVICH SECHENOV, IVAN M. SHERRINGTON, C. S. THORNDIKE, EDWARD L. WEBER, ERNST HEINRICH WOODWORTH, ROBERT S. WUNDT, WlLHELM
YERKES, ROBERT M.
PSYCHOLOGY, GENERAL In addition to the articles listed below, the following categories should be consulted: Personality; Psychiatry; Psychology, Applied; Psychology, Comparative and Physiological; Social Psychology. AESTHETICS ATTENTION CONCEPT FORMATION DECISION MAKING PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS DRIVES ACQUIRED DRIVES EMOTION FATIGUE FIELD THEORY FORGETTING GESTALT THEORY HYPNOSIS INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES OVERVIEW SEX DIFFERENCES INFORMATION THEORY INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT LANGUAGE THE PSYCHOLOGY OF LANGUAGE LEARNING INTRODUCTION CLASSICAL CONDITIONING INSTRUMENTAL LEARNING REINFORCEMENT DISCRIMINATION LEARNING
SPEECH PERCEPTION PERSON PERCEPTION SOCIAL PERCEPTION UNCONSCIOUS PERCEPTION PHENOMENOLOGY PROBLEM SOLVING PSYCHOLOGY CONSTITUTIONAL PSYCHOLOGY EXISTENTIAL PSYCHOLOGY PSYCHOMETRICS REACTION TIME REASONING AND LOGIC RESPONSE SETS SIMULATION INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR SLEEP SPACE, OUTER SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS STIMULATION DRIVES SYSTEMS ANALYSIS PSYCHOLOGICAL SYSTEMS THINKING THE FIELD COGNITIVE ORGANIZATION AND PROCESSES TIME PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
AVOIDANCE LEARNING NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS VERBAL LEARNING TRANSFER
ACQUISITION OF SKILL LEARNING IN CHILDREN PROGRAMMED LEARNING LEARNING THEORY MOTIVATION THE CONCEPT HUMAN MOTIVATION PARAPSYCHOLOGY PERCEPTION INTRODUCTION PERCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT DEPTH PERCEPTION PERCEPTUAL CONSTANCY ILLUSIONS AND AFTEREFFECTS PERCEPTUAL DEPRIVATION
ANGELL, JAMES ROWLAND RAIN, ALEXANDER BALDWIN, JAMES MARK BARTLETT, F. C. BINET, ALFRED BINGHAM, WALTER BORING, EDWIN G. BRUNSWTK, EGON BUHLER, KARL CATTELL, JAMES McKEEN CLAPAREDE, EDOUARD CONDILLAC, ETIENNE BONNOT DE DESCARTES, RENE EBBINGHAUS, HERMANN ELLIS, HAVELOCK FECHNER, GUSTAV THEODOR FREUD, SIGMUND
1 01
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CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES
GUTHRIE, EDWIN R. HALL, G. STANLEY HARTLEY, DAVID HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN VON HOLT, EDWIN Bis SELL HOVLAND, CARL I. HULL, CLARK L. HUNTER, WALTER S. JAENSCH, ERICH JAMES, WILLIAM KANT, IMMANUEL KATZ, DAVID KELLEY, TRUMAN L. KINSEY, ALFRED C. KOFFKA, KURT KOHLER, WOLFGANG KRETSCHMER, ERNST KULPE, OSWALD LOCKE, JOHN LOTZE, HERMANN MORGAN, C. LLOYD
MUNSTERBERG, HUGO
PATERSON, DONALD G. PAVLOV, IVAN PETROVICH RORSCHACH, HERMANN SEASHORE, CARL E. SPEARMAN, C. E. SPINOZA STERN, WILLIAM STOUT, G. J. STUMPF, CARL TERMAN, LEWIS M. THORNDIKE, EDWARD L. THURSTONE, L. L, TITCHENER, EDWARD B. TOLMAN, EDWARD C. WARD, JAMES WASHBURN, MARGARET FLOY WATSON, JOHN B. WERTHEIMER, MAX WOODWORTH, ROBERT S. WUNDT, WlLHELM
RELIGION BUDDHISM CHARISMA CHRISTIANITY DEATH DEATH AND BEREAVEMENT THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF DEATH ETHICS HINDUISM ISLAM JUDAISM MlLLENARISM
MONASTICISM MORAL DEVELOPMENT NATIVISM AND REVIVALISM PROTESTANT POLITICAL THOUGHT PSYCHIATRY THE RELIGIO-PSYCHIATRIC MOVEMENT RELIGION ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY THE SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY RELIGIOUS OBSERVANCE RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATION RELIGIOUS SPECIALISTS ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY RITUAL
SECTS AND CULTS THEOLOGY, PRIMITIVE
BECKER, HOWARD BUBER, MARTIN CALVIN, JOHN CODRINGTON, R. H. DURKHEIM, EMILE ERASMUS FRAZER, JAMES GEORGE FREUD, SIGMUND GENNEP, ARNOLD VAN JAMES, WILLIAM JUNG, CARL GUSTAV LUTHER, MARTIN MALINOWSKI, BRONISLAW MARETT, ROBERT RANULPH MAUSS, MARCEL RADIN, PAUL SELIGMAN, C. G. SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON SNOUCK HURGRONJE, CHRISTIAAN TROELTSCH, ERNST TYLOR, EDWARD BURNETT WEBER, MAX
SOCIAL PROBLEMS AGING SOCIAL ASPECTS ECONOMIC ASPECTS ANTI-SEMITISM
AUTOMATION BLINDNESS CAPITAL PUNISHMENT CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE
CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES COMMUNITY COMMUNITY DISORGANIZATION CRIME CAUSES OF CRIME OFFENSE PATTERNS WHITE-COLLAR CRIME HOMICIDE DELINQUENCY THE STUDY OF DELINQUENCY SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS DELINQUENT GANGS DEVIANT BEHAVIOR DISASTERS DISCRIMINATION, ECONOMIC DRINKING AND ALCOHOLISM SOCIAL ASPECTS DRUGS DRUG ADDICTION : SOCIAL ASPECTS FAMILY DISORGANIZATION AND DISSOLUTION FAMINE FOOD WORLD PROBLEMS GAMBLING HOMELESSNESS HOUSING SOCIAL ASPECTS ECONOMIC ASPECTS
ILLEGITIMACY MENTAL HEALTH THE CONCEPT OFFICE, MISUSE OF PENOLOGY PROBATION AND PAROLE POPULATION POPULATION POLICIES POVERTY PREJUDICE THE CONCEPT SOCIAL DISCRIMINATION PRIVACY PROSTITUTION PUBLIC HEALTH RACE RELATIONS WORLD PERSPECTIVES SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS REFUGEES WORLD PROBLEMS REVOLUTION SEGREGATION SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SEXUAL DEVIATION: SOCIAL ASPECTS HOMOSEXUALITY SOCIAL PROBLEMS WAR THE STUDY OF WAR
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY In addition to the articles listed below, the following categories should be consulted: Personality; Social Problems. AFFECTION AGGRESSION PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS ATTITUDES THE NATURE OF ATTITUDES ATTITUDE CHANGE COHESION, SOCIAL CONFORMITY GROUPS THE STUDY OF GROUPS GROUP BEHAVIOR GROUP FORMATION ROLE STRUCTURE GROUP PERFORMANCE HUMOR IDENTITY, PSYCHOSOCIAL IMITATION INTERACTION INTERACTION AND PERSONALITY INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS MASS PHENOMENA PERCEPTION SOCIAL PERCEPTION PERSONALITY, POLITICAL CONSERVATISM AND RADICALISM
PERSUASION PREJUDICE THE CONCEPT RACE RELATIONS SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS RADICALISM RELIGION PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY ROLE PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS RUMOR SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY SOCIALIZATION PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS STEREOTYPES SUGGESTION
ALLPORT, FLOYD H. COOLEY, CHARLES H. FRENKEL-BRUNSWIK, ELSE HOVLAND, CARL I. LE BON, GuSTAVE LEWIN, KURT MCDOUGALL, WILLIAM
1 03
104
CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES
MAYO, ELTON MEAD, GEORGE HERBERT STOUFFER, SAMUEL A.
SULLIVAN, HARRY STACK TARDE, GABRIEL TROTTER, WILFRED
SOCIAL SCIENCES The articles listed below deal with topics that concern the social sciences as a whole, rather than a particular discipline. They cover primarily problems in and approaches to the production, dissemination, and utilization of social science knowledge. See also the articles listed under Methodology and Social Problems. AREA STUDIES BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES CONFERENCES ETHICS ETHICAL ISSUES IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES FOUNDATIONS GOVERNMENT STATISTICS HISTORY HISTORY AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCES INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL THE FIELD INFORMATION SERVICES
LIBRARIES REFERENCE MATERIALS AND BOOKS BIBLIOGRAPHIC ISSUES IN THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES POLICY SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FINANCING SOCIAL RESEARCH SCIENCE THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE THE SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENCE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION SOCIAL SCIENCE FICTION UNIVERSITIES
SOCIETIES AFRICAN SOCIETY NORTH AFRICA SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA ANGLO-AMERICAN SOCIETY ASIAN SOCIETY SOUTH ASIA SOUTHEAST ASIA CARIBBEAN SOCIETY CHINESE SOCIETY
INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN JAPANESE SOCIETY MIDDLE AMERICAN SOCIETY NEAR EASTERN SOCIETY THE ISLAMIC COUNTRIES ISRAEL
OCEANIAN SOCIETY SOUTH AMERICAN SOCIETY
SOCIOLOGY In addition to the articles listed below, the following categories should be consulted: Demography; Education; Professions; Religion; Social Problems; Social Psychology; Societies. ADOPTION AGRICULTURE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION ALIENATION ASSIMILATION BUREAUCRACY CHARISMA CITY FORMS AND FUNCTIONS THE MODERN CITY COMPARATIVE URBAN STRUCTURE COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR COMMUNICATION, MASS THE STUDY OF MASS COMMUNICATION CONTROL AND PUBLIC POLICY
TELEVISION AND ITS PLACE IN MASS CULTURE AUDIENCES EFFECTS
COMMUNITY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY-SOCIETY CONTINUA CONFLICT SOCIAL ASPECTS CONSENSUS THE CONCEPT OF CONSENSUS COOPERATION CREATIVITY SOCIAL ASPECTS GENIUS AND ABILITY CRIMINOLOGY
CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES DEATH DEATH AND BEREAVEMENT THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF DEATH DEVIANT BEHAVIOR DIFFUSION THE DIFFUSION OF INNOVATIONS INTERPERSONAL INFLUENCE ECOLOGY HUMAN ECOLOGY ECONOMIC GROWTH NONECONOMIC ASPECTS ECONOMIC THOUGHT THE INSTITUTIONAL SCHOOL ECONOMY AND SOCIETY ELITES EMPIRES EPIDEMIOLOGY ETHICS ETHICAL SYSTEMS AND SOCIAL STRUCTURES EVOLUTION SOCIAL EVOLUTION FASHION FRIENDSHIP FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS VARIETIES OF FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS GAMBLING GENERATIONS THE CONCEPT GROUPS THE STUDY OF GROUPS ROLE STRUCTURE HEALTH HISTORY SOCIAL HISTORY IDEOLOGY THE CONCEPT AND FUNCTION OF IDEOLOGY IDEOLOGY AND THE SOCIAL SYSTEM ILLNESS INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS THE SOCIOLOGY OF WORK HUMAN RELATIONS REWARD SYSTEMS AND INCENTIVES INDU STRIALIZATION SOCIAL ASPECTS INTEGRATION SOCIAL INTEGRATION INTELLECTUALS INTERACTION SOCIAL INTERACTION SYMBOLIC INTERACTION DRAMATISM SOCIAL EXCHANGE KNOWLEDGE, SOCIOLOGY OF LABOR FORCE DEFINITIONS AND MEASUREMENT PARTICIPATION MARKETS AND MOBILITY LABOR RELATIONS STRIKES
LAW THE SOCIOLOGY OF LAW
LEADERSHIP SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS LEISURE LITERACY MARRIAGE FAMILY FORMATION MARXIST SOCIOLOGY MASS SOCIETY MEDICAL CARE SOCIAL ASPECTS MENTAL HEALTH SOCIAL CLASS AND PERSONAL ADJUSTMENT MIGRATION SOCIAL ASPECTS MINORITIES MODERNIZATION SOCIAL ASPECTS THE BOURGEOISIE IN MODERNIZING SOCIETIES NEIGHBORHOOD NORMS THE CONCEPT OF NORMS THE STUDY OF NORMS OCCUPATIONS AND CAREERS ORGANIZATIONS THEORIES OF ORGANIZATIONS ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS EFFECTIVENESS AND PLANNING OF CHANGE ORGANIZATIONAL INTELLIGENCE PEACE PENOLOGY THE FIELD PHILANTHROPY PLANNING, SOCIAL INTRODUCTION REGIONAL AND URBAN PLANNING WELFARE PLANNING POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY PREJUDICE SOCIAL DISCRIMINATION PRIVACY PROFESSIONS PUBLIC OPINION INTRODUCTION PUNISHMENT RACE RELATIONS WORLD PERSPECTIVES REFERENCE GROUPS REFUGEES ADJUSTMENT AND ASSIMILATION RELIGION THE SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION RELIGIOUS OBSERVANCE RELIGIOUS SPECIALISTS SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY ROLE SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS RURAL SOCIETY SCIENCE THE SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENCE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION SECTS AND CULTS SEGREGATION
105
106
CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES
SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SOCIAL ASPECTS SLAVERY SOCIAL CHANGE SOCIAL CONTROL THE CONCEPT ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS SOCIAL DARWINISM SOCIAL DIFFERENTIATION SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS THE CONCEPT
COMPARATIVE STUDY SOCIAL MOBILITY SOCIAL MOVEMENTS TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL MOVEMENTS THE STUDY OF SOCIAL MOVEMENTS SOCIAL STRUCTURE THE HISTORY OF THE CONCEPT SOCIAL STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS SOCIALIZATION ADULT SOCIALIZATION SOCIETY SOCIOLOGY THE FIELD THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIOLOGICAL THOUGHT THE EARLY HISTORY OF SOCIAL RESEARCH SOCIOMETRY STATUS, SOCIAL STRATIFICATION, SOCIAL INTRODUCTION SOCIAL CLASS THE MEASUREMENT OF SOCIAL CLASS THE STRUCTURE OF STRATIFICATION SYSTEMS CLASS CULTURE SUICIDE SOCIAL ASPECTS SYSTEMS ANALYSIS GENERAL SYSTEMS THEORY SOCIAL SYSTEMS TRANSPORTATION SOCIAL ASPECTS COMMUTATION UTILITARIANISM SOCIOLOGICAL THOUGHT UTOPIANISM THE DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTAL COMMUNITIES VALUES THE CONCEPT OF VALUES VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS WORKERS
BARNARD, CHESTER I. BECKER, HOWARD BERNARD, L. L. BERTILLON, JACQUES BOOTH, CHARLES BUBER, MARTIN BURGESS, ERNEST W. CARR-SAUNDERS, A. M.
COMTE, AUGUSTE
COOLEY, ROBERT H. CUVILLIER, ARMAND DAVY, GEORGES DuBois, W. E. B. DURKHEIM, EMILE ELLWOOD, CHARLES A. FAHLBECK, PONTUS ERLAND FERGUSON, ADAM FOLLETT, MARY PARKER FRAZIER, E. FRANKLIN GEDDES, PATRICK GEIGER, THEODOR GIDDINGS, FRANKLIN H. GOKALP, ZIYA GRANET, MARCEL GUMPLOWICZ, LUDWIG HALBWACHS, MAURICE HANKINS, FRANK H. HENDERSON, L. J. HOBHOUSE, L. T. JOHNSON, CHARLES S. LE PLAY, FREDERIC LOMBROSO, CESARE LUKACS, GYORGY LUNDBERG, GEORGE MAC!VER, ROBERT M. MANNHEIM, KARL MICHELS, ROBERT MILLAR, JOHN MILLS, C. WRIGHT MOSCA, GAETANO NICEFORO, ALFBEDO ODUM, HOWARD W. OGBURN, WILLIAM FIELDING OPPENHEIMER, FRANZ ORTEGA Y GASSET, JOSE OSSOWSKI, STANISLAW PARETO, VILFREDO PARK, ROBERT E. QUETELET, ADOLPHE RATZENHOFER, GUSTAV Ross, EDWARD A. SAINT-SIMON SCHELER, MAX SIMMEL, GEORG SMALL, ALBION W. SOROKIN, PlTIRIM A.
SPENCER, HERBERT STEIN, LORENZ VON STIRNER, MAX SUMNER, WILLIAM GRAHAM SUTHERLAND, EDWIN H. THOMAS, W. I. TOCQUEVILLE, ALEXIS DE TONNIES, FERDINAND TOURVILLE, HENRI DE TROELTSCH, ERNST VEBLEN, THORSTEIN WALLER, WILLARD W. WARD, LESTER F.
CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES WEBER, ALFRED WEBER, MAX WIESE, LEOPOLD VON
WIRTH, Louis WORMS, RENE ZNANIECKI, FLORIAN
STATISTICS In addition to the articles listed below, the following categories should be consulted: Econometrics; Methodology. BAYESIAN INFERENCE CLUSTERING COUNTED DATA DECISION THEORY DISTRIBUTIONS, STATISTICAL SPECIAL DISCRETE DISTRIBUTIONS SPECIAL CONTINUOUS DISTRIBUTIONS APPROXIMATIONS TO DISTRIBUTIONS MIXTURES OF DISTRIBUTIONS ERRORS NONSAMPLING ERRORS EFFECTS OF ERRORS IN STATISTICAL ASSUMPTIONS ESTIMATION POINT ESTIMATION CONFIDENCE INTERVALS AND REGIONS EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN THE DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS RESPONSE SURFACES QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN FACTOR ANALYSIS STATISTICAL ASPECTS FALLACIES, STATISTICAL FIDUCIAL INFERENCE GAME THEORY THEORETICAL ASPECTS GEOGRAPHY STATISTICAL GEOGRAPHY GOODNESS OF FIT GOVERNMENT STATISTICS GRAPHIC PRESENTATION HYPOTHESIS TESTING INDEX NUMBERS THEORETICAL ASPECTS SAMPLING LATENT STRUCTURE LIKELIHOOD LINEAR HYPOTHESES REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE MULTIPLE COMPARISONS MARKOV CHAINS MATHEMATICS MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OVERVIEW CORRELATION (1) CORRELATION (2) CLASSIFICATION AND DISCRIMINATION NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS THE FIELD ORDER STATISTICS
RUNS
RANKING METHODS PROBABILITY FORMAL PROBABILITY INTERPRETATION S QUALITY CONTROL, STATISTICAL ACCEPTANCE SAMPLING PROCESS CONTROL RELIABILITY AND LIFE TESTING QUANTAL RESPONSE QUEUES RANDOM NUMBERS RANK-SIZE RELATIONS SAMPLE SURVEYS THE FIELD NONPROS ABILITY SAMPLING SCALING SCREENING AND SELECTION SEQUENTIAL ANALYSIS SIGNIFICANCE, TESTS OF SIMULTANEOUS EQUATION ESTIMATION STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, SPECIAL PROBLEMS OF OUTLIERS TRANSFORMATIONS OF DATA GROUPED OBSERVATIONS TRUNCATION AND CENSORSHIP STATISTICAL IDENTIFIABILITY STATISTICS THE FIELD THE HISTORY OF STATISTICAL METHOD STATISTICS AS LEGAL EVIDENCE STATISTICS, DESCRIPTIVE LOCATION AND DISPERSION ASSOCIATION SUFFICIENCY SURVEY ANALYSIS THE ANALYSIS OF ATTRIBUTE DATA TABULAR PRESENTATION TIME SERIES GENERAL ADVANCED PROBLEMS CYCLES
SEASONAL ADJUSTMENT VARIANCES, STATISTICAL STUDY OF ANDERSON, OSKAR N. BABBAGE, CHARLES BAYES, THOMAS BENINI, RODOLFO BERNOULLI FAMILY BIENAYME, JULES
107
108
CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES
BINET, ALFRED BORTKIEWICZ, LADISLAUS VON COURNOT, ANTOINE AUGUSTIN EDGEWORTH, FRANCIS YSIDRO FAHLBECK, PONTUS ERLAND FISHER, R. A. GALTON, FRANCIS GAUSS, CARL FRIEDRICH GINI, CORRADO GIRSHICK, MEYER A. GOSSET, WILLIAM SEALY GRAUNT, JOHN KELLEY, TRUMAN L. KEYNES, JOHN MAYNARD KOROSY,JOZSEF LAPLACE, PIERRE SIMON DE LEXIS, WILHELM
LOTKA, ALFRED J. MOIVRE, ABRAHAM DE PEARSON, KARL PETTY, WILLIAM POISSON, SIMEON DENIS QUETELET, ADOLPHE SPEARMAN, C. E. SUSSMILCH, JOHANN PETER VON MISES, RICHARD VON NEUMANN, JOHN WALD, ABRAHAM WESTERGAARD, HARALD WIENER, NORBERT WILKS, S. S. WILLCOX, WALTER F. YULE, G. UDNY
Index
Index
A AAAS: see American Association for the Advancement of Science ABEPP: see American Board of Examiners in Professional Psychology ADC: see Aid to Dependent Children AFL: see American Federation of Labor AFL-CIO: see American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations APA: see American Psychological Association APC: see Agricultural People's Cooperative APRA: see Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana A priori probabilities: see Prior probabilities ASN: see Average sample number ATP: see Adenosine triphosphate
Abbasid dynasty 6:408 Abbots 10:418 Abducent nerve 11:136 'Abduh, Muhammad 8:215 Abegglen, James C. 15:581 Abel, Niels Henrik 10:71 Abel, Theodore Verstehen 16:312 Abelson, Robert P. attitudes 1:463 thinking 15:616 Aberle, David F. functional analysis 6:34 society 14:578 Abill, Muhammad Ibn Ibrahim al7:53 Ability achievement testing 1:35 aptitude testing 1:369 capital, human 2:278, 283 creativity 3:457 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:423
multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:546 sex differences 7:208 see also Mental ability Ability to pay income tax, personal 15:529 public expenditures 13:157 taxation 15:524 Abnaki Indians 7:195 Abnormal psychology character disorders 2:379 clinical psychology 2:513 depressive disorders 4:121 mental disorders 10:127 psychiatry 12:608 Aborigines, Australian Oceanian society 11:256, 258 social structure 14:486 time: social organization 16:36 Abortion fertility control 5:382, 387 illegitimacy 7:86 population policies 12:344, 385, 386, 387
^CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J 111
712
INDEX
Abraham
Abraham (Biblical character) 8:205 ABRAHAM, KARL 1:1-4 depressive disorders 4:125 Klein, Melanie 8:415 Abrahams, Peter 9:436 Abramovitz, Arnold behavior therapy 10:191 Abramovitz, Moses economic growth 4:413 Abrams v. United States 6:492 Abriss der Psychologic (Ebbinghaus) 4:327 Absenteeism 4:504 developing countries 8:512 Absolute dating (archeology) 1:388 Absolute error computation 3:200 distributions, approximations to 4:235 Absolute frequency tabular presentation 15:499, 500 Absolute liquidity preference money: quantity theory 10:439 Absolute threshold 14:173 psychophysics 13:121 Absolute utility 3:354 see also Total utility Absolute value 16:280 Absolutism autocracy 1:478 Bodin, Jean 2:111 Hobbes, Thomas 6:485 monarchy 10:413 Absorption approach international trade 8:94 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:127 Abstinence syndrome 4:290, 291, 294 drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:290, 291, 294, 297 Abstract spaces 10:72 see also Metric spaces; Topological spaces Abstracting services 7:303, 304, 307 Abt, Clark systems analysis: international systems 15:483 Abu
ACADEMIC FREEDOM 1:4-10 Lowell, A. Lawrence 9:480 universities 16:191 Wicksell, Knut 16:542 Academic Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture fine arts 5:444, 448 Academies universities 16:193 Academy of Sciences (Chung-kuo K'o-hsueh Yuan) 6:406 Acceleration principle Clark, John Maurice 2:509 housing 6:523 inventory behavior 8:178 investment function, aggregate 8:190, 191 statics and dynamics in economics 15:176 Acceptable quality level 13:227 Acceptance (statistics) significance, tests of 14:239 Acceptance regions estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:152 hypothesis testing 7:42 Acceptance sampling distributions, mixtures of 4:237 quality control, statistical 13:225 statistics 15:222 ACCESS TO POLITICS 1:10-14 local government 9:453 Accessibility historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:381 Accidents industrial relations 7:228 psychology, applied 13:90 Accion Democratica (Venezuela) 9:43 Accommodation assimilation 1:438 internment and custody 8:146 sects and cults 14:131 see also Adjustment; Assimilation Accommodation reflex (vision) 16:337 ACCOUNTING 1:14-21 Fisher, Irving 5:477 government statistics 6:235 national income and product accounts 11:19
national wealth: estimation 11:50 regulation of industry 13:391 Accounting, Cost: see Cost accounting Accounting equations latent structure 9:35 ACCULTURATION 1:21-27 anthropological study of modern society 1:334 assimilation 1:438 cross pressure 3:520 culture 3: 555 culture history 6:453 diffusion, cultural 4:169 ethnohistory 6:442 Japanese society 8:240 Middle American society 10:273, 274, 275 nativism and revivalism 11:77 race 13:267 speech community 9:382 see also Culture change Accumulation of Capital, The (Luxemburg) 9:496 Accuracy distributions, approximations to 4:234 estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:153 see also Errors Acetylcholine 11:140 Ach, N. concept formation 3:207 Achad Haam 8:280 Zionism 16:594 Acheson, Dean G. containment 3:369 Acheulean culture Breuil, Henri 2:151 Achievement-ascription: see Ascription-achievement ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION 1:27-33; 10:516, 520 aesthetics 1:118 conformity 3:257 creativity: genius and ability 3:460 drives, acquired 4:285 fantasy 5:329, 333 field theory 5:411, 414 gambling 6:57 homeostasis 6:501 Japanese society 8:247
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Administration
Lewin, Kurt 9:267 mental retardation 10:243 personality 12:11 personality appraisal 8:166 reward systems in industry 7:250 sex differences 7:210 Thematic Apperception Test 12:577 ACHIEVEMENT TESTING 1:33-39 aptitude testing 1:370 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:427
Kelley, Truman L. 8:359 psychometrics 13:102, 105, 111 vocational interest testing 16:348 Achromatic colors color vision and color blindness 16:332 Ackermann, Alfred S. E. 5:292 Acoustics Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:348 speech perception 11:557 Acquired drives 4:280 Act of—: for specific acts see latter part of title, such as Settlement, Act of Act utilitarianism 16:225 Action decision theory 4:63 dramatism 7:446, 447 Durkheim, Emile 4:312 interaction, social 7:436 Lewin, Kurt 9:269 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:411, 412 reason analysis 13:339 Schutz, Alfred 14: 73 social structural analysis 14:492 suicide: social aspects 15:376 systems analysis, social 15:458 Tonnies, Ferdinand 16:100 typologies 16:183 utilitarianism 16:225 fol. Weber, Max 16:494, 497 Znaniecki, Florian 16:600 Action Frangaise 10:77 Action lines quality control, statistical: process control 13:232 ACTON, J. E. E. D. 1:40-42 Ad valorem tariffs 8:114 international integration: economic unions 7:543 Adam, Leonhard 12:477 Adams, Brooks 6:222
Adams, Henry 6:222 Adams, John constitutional law 3:305 isolationism 8:217 Adapidae evolution, primate 5:211 Adaptation (biological) Darwin, Charles 4:8, 11 ecology 4:337 emotion 5:38 evolution and behavior 5:235 perceptual constancy 11:545 Adaptation (psychosocial) aging 1:180 deviant behavior 4:151 disasters 4:206 expressive behavior 5:266 homeostasis 6:500 perceptual development 11:538 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:19, 22, 23 time: psychological aspects 16:25 see also Adjustment Adaptation, Cultural: see Cultural adaptation Addiction, Alcohol: see Alcoholism Addiction, Drug: see Drug addiction Addition theorem probability, formal 12:489 Additivity analysis of variance 9:330 models, mathematical 10:381 statistical analysis: transformations of data 15:186, 190 Addyston Pipe and Steel Co. v. U.S. 1:351 Adelman, Irma 7:166 Adenosine triphosphate 14:316 Adipsia 10:510 ADJUDICATION 1:43-57 DOMESTIC ADJUDICATION 1:43-49 INTERNATIONAL ADJUDICATION 1:49-57
administrative function 1:62 administrative process 1:69 conflict of laws 3:246 international conflict resolution 7:512 international law 7:547, 551 international legislation 7:552 judicial behavior 8:307 judicial process 8:283
113
labor relations 8:508 legal reasoning 9:199 see also Arbitration; Mediation Adjudicators legal profession 9:67 legal system 9:62 see also Judges Adjustment (psychological; social) attitudes 1:465 cross-section analysis 3:526 family: disorganization and dissolution 5:317 internment and custody 8:146 marriage: family formation 10:8 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222 mental retardation 10:240 Ogburn, William Fielding 11:279 psychophysics 13:121 refugees: adjustment and assimilation 13:373 fol. see also Accommodation; Adaptation; Cultural adaptation ADLER, ALFRED 1:57-61 individual psychology 7:213 fol. psychiatry 12:609 Adler, D. L. 9:267 Adler, Max 10:48 Administered inflation 7:294 Administered prices oligopoly 11:288 price control and rationing 12:467, 468 pricing policies 12:459 wages 16:398 ADMINISTRATION 1:61-79 ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTION 1 :61—68 ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESS 1:68-74 ADMINISTRATIVE BEHAVIOR 1 : 74-79
administrative law 1: 79 budgeting, government 2:184, 188 bureaucracy 2:206 business management 2:249 centralization and decentralization 2:370 city 2:456 empires 5:43, 46 feudalism 5:401 foreign policy 5:531 Goodnow, Frank J. 6:208 government statistics 6:232
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
114
INDEX
Administration, Judicial
Hamilton, Alexander 6:314 international organization 8:40 judicial administration 8:297 judicial process 8:283 law, sociology of 9:56 leadership 9:111 local finance 9:447 Middle American society 10:283 military power potential 10:331 organizational intelligence 11:325 organizations 11:299, 300 organizations: methods of research 11:338 planning, welfare 12:148 political anthropology: political organization 12:200 public administration 13:145 religious organization 13:431 science-government relations 14:104 trusteeship 16:160 fol. see also Administrative behavior; Public administration Administration, Judicial: see Judicial administration Administration, Public: see Public administration Administrative agencies 1:71 communism, economic organization of 3:133 law, sociology of 9:56 social work 14:500 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:375 Administrative behavior 1:74 authority 1:474 leadership 9:109, 111 political behavior 12:206 public administration 13:149 Administrative Behavior (Simon) 13:149, 155 ADMINISTRATIVE LAW 1:79-84; 9:65 adjudication 1:47 administration 1:62 delegation of powers 4:72 Hauriou, Maurice 6:326 public law 13:186 Soviet law 9:219 Administrative Procedure Act (U.S. 1946) Commissions, government 3:15
Administrative tribunals 1:69 Admiralty Islands food: consumption patterns 5:509 Admissibility decision theory 4:64 point estimation 5:144 ADOLESCENCE 1:84-96 communication, mass 3:77 delinquency 4:86, 93 developmental psychology 4:136 field theory 5:409 friendship 6:15 Hall, G. Stanley 6:312 homosexuality 14:224 identity, psychosocial 7:61, 63 intellectual development 7:391 Kretschmer, Ernst 8:451 life cycle 9:290 neurosis 11:164 obesity 11:230 personality development 11:607 psychoanalysis 13:10 religious observance 13:426 schizophrenia 14:44 self concept 14:157 sexual deviation 14:217, 219 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:400 vocational interest testing 16:347 Adolescence (Hall) 1:84 ADOPTION 1:96-100 illegitimacy 7:89 Japanese society 8:241 pseudo-kinship 8:408, 409 Adorno, T. W. conservatism 3:291 religion 13:420 social movements 14:448 see also Authoritarian Personality, The Adrian, Charles R. local politics 9:460 Adrian, Robert multivariate analysis 10:527 ADULT EDUCATION 1:100-106 Adult socialization 14:555 Advances (banking) 1:518, 520 Adversary proceedings 1:48 ADVERTISING 1:106-116 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 1:106-111 ADVERTISING RESEARCH 1:111-116
audiences 3:76. 80
business management 2:254 communication, mass 3:48 communication, political 3:94 consumer sovereignty 3:331, 333 control and public policy 3:60 film (cinema) 5:430 fine arts 5:452 monopoly 10:461 propaganda 12:580 psychology, applied 13:91 public relations 13:210 statistics as legal evidence 15:247 television 3:68 workers 16:570 see also Advertising research Advertising research 1:111 applied psychology 13:92 communication, mass 3:75 consumer behavior 3:353 consumer research 9:574, 575 Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations (U.S.) 3:13 Advisory commissions 3:13 Advocacy 9:71 law, sociology of 9:54 Advocates legal profession 9:67 legal system 9:62 see also Lawyers Aerial warfare Douhet, Giulio 4:255 Aerospace industry space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:92 AESTHETICS 1:116-121 ethnomusicology 10:564 fashion 5:344 Fechner, Gustav Theodor 5:352 film (cinema) 5:431 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:348 music and society 10:566 sympathy and empathy 15:441, 445 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:219 Affect ego psychology 13:23 emotion 5:35 humor 7:4 mental disorders 10:146 pain 11:362 perceptual deprivation 11:552 personality development 11:608
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~) bers.J |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers
INDEX
Age distribution
psychoanalysis 13:4 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:302, 306 Affect arousals drives, psychological 4:279, 285 personality development 11:608 AFFECTION 1:121-125 interaction 7:461, 462 mental retardation 10:242 moral development 10:492 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:400 see also Friendship; Love Affectivity-Affective neutrality 3:178 Affiliation cohesion, social 2:544 conformity 3:257 cross pressure 3:519 homelessness 6:494 kinship 8:402 motivation, human 10:518 Affinal relationships kinship 8:390, 399 marriage: comparative analysis 10:9, 14 marriage alliance 10:23 Affluence consumer behavior 3:349, 350, 351 Affluent Society (Galbraith) 16:519 Afghani, Jamal al-DIn al-: see Din, Jamal alAfghanistan 11:90 foreign aid 5:523 AFRICAN SOCIETY 1:125-155 NORTH AFRICA 1 : 125-137 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA 1: 137-155
academic freedom 1:9 acculturation 1:23 age differentiation 1:158, 159 agriculture 1:257 anthropology, applied 1:325, 326, 327 blindness 2:88 colonialism 3:2, 4 crafts 3:432 crude death rate 4:402 cultural diffusion 4:172 domestication, animal 4:252 economic growth 4:403, 405 electoral systems 5:11 ethnohistory 6:442 ethnomedicine 10:88 evolution, primate 5:211
exchange and display 5:243 family: comparative structure 5:309 folklore 5:498, 499 food: consumption patterns 5: 509 food: world problems 5:503 foreign aid 5:522, 523 Herskovits, Melville J. 6:353 historiography 6:394 hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:21 hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:12, 10 Ibn Khaldun 7:53 imperialism 7:105 integration, regional 7:527 intellectuals 7:409 Islam 8:204 Junod, Henri Alexandre 8:331 kinship 8:394 labor relations 8:510 land: classification 8:561 land: economic aspects 8:552 land reform 8:574 land tenure 8:565 literacy 9:413, 414 local government 9:457 magic 9:523, 525, 527 marriage 10:10, 11, 13 Metraux, Alfred 10:263 migration: economic aspects 10:295, 297 mortality 10:499, 503 nation 11:12 neutralism and nonalignment 11:166 nuptiality 11:224 pastoralism 11:457 political anthropology 12:191 population growth 12:379, 380 race relations 13:271 refugees 13:366 religious specialists 13:442, 443 sanctions 14:4, 5 segregation 14:145 Seligman, C. G. 14:161 suicide: psychological aspects 15:391 theology, primitive 15:606 tribal society 16:147 universities 16:197 value systems 16:289
115
voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:359, 373 war, primitive 16:468 see also North African society; Sub-Saharan African society African Systems of Kinship and Marriage (Radcliffe-Brown) 8:394 AFTALION, ALBERT 1:155-157 business cycles 2:230 Aftereffects (perception) 11:547 Afterimages (vision) 16:334 Afterlife time: social organization 16:41 Agadah (Judaism) 8:273 Agaev, Ahmad Bey pan movements 11:369 Age aging: psychological aspects 1:177 genetics, demography and population 6:107 intellectual development 7:388 mental disorders 10:154 mortality 10:499 psychology, constitutional 13:70 socialization: psychological aspects 14:537, 542 suggestion 15:371 Age-adjusted death rate mortality 10:499 Age-area hypothesis ethnology 5:179 Wissler, Clark 16:560 AGE DIFFERENTIATION 1:157-162 cohort analysis 2:549 delinquency 4:76 generations 6:89 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:426 life cycle 9:286 Oceanian society 11:262 parapsychology 11:389 psychometrics 13:109 religious observance 13:426 smoking 14:336 suicide: psychological aspects 15:392 time: social organization 16:40 Age distribution illegitimacy 7:87 labor force 8:474 life tables 9:295 mortality 10:500
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
116
INDEX
Age-grades
population composition 12:364 population growth 12:380 population theories 12:356 Age-grades age differentiation 1:157 Age of Constantine the Great (Burckhardt) 2:204 Age of Reason, The (Paine) 11:365 Age of Reason, The (Sartre) 9:437 Age-specific rates crime: homicide 3:491 fertility 5:372 mortality 10:499, 500 Agency for International Development area studies 1:406 Agency shop labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:529 Ageusias taste and smell 15:515 Agglomeration spatial economics: the partial equilibrium approach 15:99 Aggregate demand employment and unemployment 5:52 income and employment theory 7:124 innovation 7:342 installment credit 7:361 investment function, aggregate 8:190, 193 liquidity preference 9:401, 402, 403, 405, 407 monetary policy 10:420, 422 see also Demand AGGREGATION 1:162-167 conformity 3:253 consumer sovereignty 3:328, 329 econometrics 4:354 input-output analysis 7:352 liquidity preference 9:401 fol. parties, political 11:437 political behavior 12:210 Aggregations social behavior, animal 14:345 AGGRESSION 1:168-176 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS 1 : 168-174 INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS 1 : 174-176
—: International collective security 2:565
conflict 3:240 international politics 8:59 social science fiction 14:477 war 16:453 —: Psychological communication, mass: effects 3:88 conflict 3:225, 233, 236 drinking and alcoholism 4:269 ethnomedicine 10:89 fantasy 5:330, 331 functional analysis 6:38 gambling 6:57 homicide 3:493 humor 7:5 imitation 7:99 instinct 7:366 international relations 8:76 Klein, Melanie 8:416, 417 motivation, human 10:518 personality measurement: situational tests 12:54 prejudice 12:441 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:4 sex differences 7:210 sexual deviation 14:220 socialization: psychological aspects 14:540, 543 stress 15:344 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:620 war 16:455, 465 AGING 1:176-202 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS 1:176-186 SOCIAL ASPECTS 1:186-196 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 1:196-202
Burgess, Ernest W. 2:220 death and bereavement 4:24, 25 death and gift taxes 15:557 developmental psychology 4:146 individual differences 7:206 labor force 8:474, 476, 484 life cycle 9:291 life tables 9:293 medical care 10:102 mental disorders 10:131 Oceanian society 11:258 pension funds 11:523 quality control, statistical: reliability and life testing 13:236 Agitation and Propaganda (Lenin) 12:579
Agnew, Paul G. therapeutic community 10:212 Agoraphobia 12:81, 84 Agrarian movements agriculture: comparative technology 1:206 Chinese society 2:419 Islamic countries 11:92 land reform 8:571 Middle American society 10:277, 278 peasantry 11:508 social movements 14:443 Agrarian revolution: see Agricultural revolution Agreement of the People 3:322 Agricultural Act (Germany 1955) 1:253 Agricultural Adjustment Act (U.S. 1933) 1:236, 251, 253 Agricultural credit 3:466 capital 1:230 credit, government 3:465 developing countries 1:261 land reform 8:574 Agricultural Credit Act (U.S. 1923) 3:469 Agricultural Holdings Act (England 1948) agricultural tenancy 8:569 Agricultural People's Cooperative (China) 2:420 Agricultural revolution 1:206 food: world problems 5:507 Middle American society 10:279 Agricultural tax communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:148 Agricultural workers 1:236; 16:564 social research 15:47 AGRICULTURE 1:202-262 COMPARATIVE TECHNOLOGY 1:202— 208
SOCIAL ORGANIZATION 1:208-215 HISTORY 1:215-223 PRODUCTION 1:223-229 CAPITAL 1:229-236 LABOR 1:236-241 PRODUCTIVITY AND TECHNOLOGY
1:241-245 MARKETING 1:245-249
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Algebraic translator programs
PRICE AND INCOME POLICIES 1:250-257 DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 1:257-262
agricultural tenancy 8:567 Chinese society 2:410, 419 communism, economic organization of 3:139 credit, agricultural 3:466 demand and supply 4:106 domestication 4:247 ecology 4:343 economic data: mainland China 4:374 economic growth 4:416 economics 4:483 economy, dual 4:497 employment and unemployment 5:50 export subsidies and dumping 8:122 famine 5:323 food 5:502 geography, economic 6:125 Indians, North American 7:181, 190, 195 industrialization 7:255, 257, 261 input-output analysis 7:345 international integration: economic unions 7:542 international trade controls: state trading 8:137 Islamic countries 11:92 labor force 8:473 land: classification 8: 558 land: economic aspects 8:552, 553 land reform 8:572 manorial economy 9:563 Middle American society 10:279 North African society 1:127, 129, 130 Oceanian society 11:259 pastoralism 11:456 peasantry 11:504 physiocratic thought 4:445 planning, development 12:121 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:111 plantations 12:154 population 12:367, 368 production 12:514 Quesnay, Francois 13:246
rent 13:457,459, 460 rural society 13:584, 586 Southeast Asian society 1:426, 429 sub-Saharan African society 1:138, 143, 147 subsidies 15:365 technical assistance 15:568 urban revolution 16:203, 212, 218 village 16:318 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:359 wages 16:413 water resources 16:478 West, Edward 16:527 workers 16:564 Agriculture, Department of (U.S.) agriculture: marketing 1:248 consumption levels and standards 3:339
Agriculture Act (Great Britain 1947) land: classification 8:559 price and income policies 1:253 Ahimsa civil disobedience 2:478 Indian political thought 7:178 Ahmavaara, Y. factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:279 Aichhorn, August therapeutic community 10:210 Aid to Dependent Children 7:89 Air transport transportation: economic aspects 16:137, 139 transportation: social aspects 16:130 Aird, John S. economic data: mainland China 4:374 Airpower Douhet, Giulio 4:255 Aitken, A. C. simultaneous equation estimation 14:287 Aitken, Hugh G. J. entrepreneurship 5:90 Al—(in Arabic names): see under the principal part of the name, such as Din, Jamal alAlabama Claims controversy adjudication 1:50 international conflict resolution 7:511
117
Alalia (speech) Broca, Paul 2:154 Alaska Indians, North American 7:182 Albania communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:152 communism, international 3:121, 123 communism, national 3:114, 115 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:110 Alberts v. California 2:358 Albertus Magnus economic thought 4:433 Alchian, Armen inflation and deflation 7:299 Alcoa: see Aluminum Company of America Alcoholics Anonymous drinking and alcoholism 4:267, 274 group psychotherapy 10:187 voluntary associations 16:373 Alcoholism 4:264, 271 Bertillon, Jacques 2:70 criminal law 3:503 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:198 North Africa 1:134 Pearson, Karl 11:502 Alembert, Jean le Rond d' Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:565 Aleuts (Indians) 7:182 ALEXANDER, FRANZ 1:262-264 psychopathic personality 13:116 psychosomatic illness 13:142, 136 Alexander, Sidney S. balance of payments 8:5 exchange rates 8:14 international trade 8:94 Alexander the Great Aristotle 1:407 war 16:456, 457 Alexia Wertheimer, Max 16:522 Algebra 10:70 Algebra, Boolean: see Boolean algebra Algebraic translator programs computation 3:198
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
118
INDEX
Algeria
Algeria African society 1:125 fol. literacy 9:413 socialism 14:527 Algiers North Africa 1:126, 133 Algol (computer language) 3:199 Algonkian Indians 7:194, 195 kinship 8:397 Speck, Frank G. 15:116 Algonkian languages 7:192, 193, 194 Bloomfield, Leonard 2:96 Algorithm problem solving 12:508 'Ali ('Ali ibn-abi-Talib) (son-in-law of Muhammad) 8:209 Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana 9:42 Aliasing effect time series: advanced problems 16:63 ALIENATION 1:264-268 anarchism 1:284 civil disobedience 2:478 Durkheim, Emile 4:317 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 6:343 Horney, Karen 6:514 personality, political 12:17, 19, 28 political participation 12:259 political sociology 12:301 social class 15:300, 303 social control 14:383, 399 social movements 14:449 voting 16:391 Wallas, Graham 16:442 workers 16:568 Alkan, Leopold psychosomatic illness 13:142 All the King's Men (Warren) 9:436 All-Union Institute of Scientific and Technical Information 7:306 Allais, M. decision making 4:48 Allardt, Erik voting 16:388
Alldeutscher Verband: see PanGerman League Allee, W. C. psychology, comparative 13:58 social behavior, animal 14:345 Allen, Carleton Kemp judicial process 8:283
Allen, R. G. D. Slutsky, Eugen 14:319 utility 16:253 Allgemeine Staatslehre (Jellinek) 8:253 Alliance Israelite Universelle Zionism 16:594 ALLIANCES 1:268-271 balance of power 1:507 collective security 2:565 containment 3:369 foreign aid: political aspects 5:514 international organization 8:38 international politics 8:59 national security 11:42 neutralism and nonalignment 11:167 systems analysis, international 15:481 war 16:456 Allocation, Rules of equality 5:103, 104 Allocation of resources: see Resource allocation Allocation theory Longfield, Samuel Mountifort 9:473 ALLPORT, FLOYD H. 1:271-274 group performance 6:289 social psychology 14:464 Allport, Gordon W. attitudes 1:449, 459 motivation, human 10:515 perception, social 11:571 personality 11:592, 594 prejudice 12:440 rumor 13:577 systems analysis, psychological 15:486 Almond, Gabriel A. authority 1:476 communication, mass 3:46 decision making 4:59 political group analysis 12:245 systems analysis, political 15:474 Alpha blocking attention 1:445 learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:156 Alpha waves electroencephalography 11:158
Alphabet information theory 7:334 Alternative hypotheses hypothesis testing 7:42 significance, tests of 14:239, 243 Alternative vote electoral systems 5:15 Althusius, Johannes cooperation 3:386 federalism 5:362 Altruism evolution and behavior 5:238 sympathy and empathy 15:444 Altruistic suicide Durkheim, Emile 4:316 Aluminum Company of America 1:353 Alzheimer's disease mental disorders 10:131 Amba reference groups 13:357 Ambassadors 4:187 Ambedkhar, B. R. Buddhism 2:183 Ambiguity stress 15:342 Ambition: see Achievement motivation Ambivalence social control 14:383 Amblyopia visual defects 16:337 Amendments, Constitutional: see Constitutional amendments America: see North America; South America American Anthropological Association 5:178 American Anti-Slavery Society 16:367 American Association for Applied Psychology 2:127 American Association for the Advancement of Science 5:493 American Association of University Professors 1:7 American Bar Association judicial administration 8:298 judiciary 8:323 legal profession 9:70 American Behavioral Scientist, The 7:307, 328
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 bers.J [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers
INDEX
Anarchism
American Board of Examiners in Professional Psychology applied psychology 13:86 clinical psychology 2:516 American Coalition of Patriotic Society 8:220 American Commonwealth, The (Bryce) 2:159 American Council for Judaism, Inc. Zionism 16:598 American Economic Association 4:484 Clark, John Bates 2:505 Ely, Richard T. 5:34 laissez-faire 8:548 American Ethnological Society 5:178 American Federation of Labor 8:518, 540 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:524 see also American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations 8:538 American Indians, North: see Indians, North American American Institute of Certified Public Accountants 1:20 American Journal of Sociology 15:18 Small, Albion W. 14:321 American Law Institute 9:71 American National Red Cross voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:371 American Newspaper Guild 8:270 American Political Science Association public administration 13:146 American Psychological Association applied psychology 13:86 clinical psychology 2:515 ethics 5:165 American Revolution Acton, J. E. E. D. 1:42 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:323 war 16:458, 459 American Shoemakers, 1648-1895: A Sketch of Industrial Evolution (Commons) 3:22
American Social Science Association 14:452 American society: see Caribbean society; Latin American society; Middle American society; North American society; South American society American Society for Applied Anthropology, The 1:328 American Sociological Association 15:19 Small, Albion W. 14:321 American Soldier (Stouffer et al.) 15:278 Hovland, Carl I. 6:528 sociology 15:11 American Speech and Hearing Association 9:17 American Statistical Association 6:235 Amish agriculture 1:212 Amnesia electroconvulsive shock 5:22 Amoore, John E. taste and smell 15:516 Amphetamine mental disorders, treatment of 10:146, 197 Amphibians social behavior, animal 14:346 Amphipithecus evolution, primate 5:213 Amstein, Hermann Walras, Leon 16:449 Amygdala nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:141 Anal personality socialization: psychological aspects 14:540 Anal stage Abraham, Karl 1:2 affection 1:122 life cycle 9:288 Analog computation 3:193 Analogy legal reasoning 9:199, 200 Analysis, Psychological: see Psychoanalysis Analysis, Statistical: see Statistical analysis, Special problems of
119
Analysis of covariance 9:331 experiments, design of 5:248 Fisher, R. A. 5:490 Analysis of variance 9:324 counted data 3:426 distributions, special continuous 4:226 errors 5:137 Fisher, R. A. 5:490 Cosset, William Sealy 6:213 Lexis, Wilhelm 9:273 multiple comparisons 9:338 multivariate analysis 10:534 regression 9:310, 319, 320 response surfaces 5:258 sample surveys 13:602 statistical method, history of 15:229 statistics 15:213 statistics, descriptive 15:239 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:86 variances, statistical study of 16:292,298 Wilks, S. S. 16:551 Analysis of variance analogues nonparametric statistics 11:182 Analytic and synthetic statements 12:392 Analytic error computation 3:200 Analytic function 10:69 Analytic tables 15:497 Analytical engine Babbage, Charles 1:491 Analytical jurisprudence 8:333 ANALYTICAL PSYCHOLOGY 1:274-283 Bleuler, Eugen 2:85 Jung, Carl Gustav 8:326 religion, sociology of 13:411 typologies 16:183 ANARCHISM 1:283-285 Bakunin, Mikhail A. 1:505 Chinese political thought 2:401 civil disobedience 2:477, 478 literature: political fiction 9:434 Proudhon, Pierre Joseph 12:605 radicalism 13:297, 298 state 15:152 Stirner, Max 15:271 syndicalism 15:448
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
120
INDEX
Anarchosyndicalism
Anarchosyndicalism 1:284 labor movement 8:518 Anatomy physical anthropology 12:86 Ancient Law (Maine) 9:540 community-society continua 3:174 Ancient Society (Morgan) 10:497 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:219 Ancillarity likelihood 9:300 Andaman Islands music and society 10:567 sanctions 14:2 theology, primitive 15:606 Anderson, John E. aging 1:177 Anderson, Nels stereotypes 15:261 Anderson, Norman H. thinking 15:616 ANDERSON, OSKAR N. 1:285-287 Anderson, T. W. factor analysis 5:278 latent structure 9:36 multivariate analysis 10:530 time series 16:49 Andes urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:210, 212 Ando, Albert aggregation 1:166 inflation and deflation 7:299 Andrae, Poul G. electoral systems 5:15 Andree, Richard Frobenius, Leo 6:18 Androgen sexual behavior, animal 14:197 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:214 Androgyny 13:72 Anesthesia electroencephalography 11:159 ANGELL, JAMES ROWLAND 1:287-289 Angell, Robert C. social integration 7:385 Anger aggression 1:172 Angkor Asian society 1:428
[
Anglican Church: see Church of England Anglo-American law adjudication 1:44 common law systems 9:211 criminal law 3:497, 498, 500 judicial administration 8:300, 301 judiciary 8:320 law, sociology of 9: 54 legal reasoning 9:198, 199 military law 10:315 ANGLO-AMERICAN SOCIETY 1:289-302
administrative law 1:79 capital punishment 2:293 cultural geography 6:130 federalism 5:365 illness 7:90, 92 see also Australia; Canada; England; Great Britain; United Kingdom; United States Angular transformations statistical analysis, special problems of 15:186, 189 ANGYAL, ANDRAS 1:302-304 Anima analytical psychology 1:278 Animal behavior avoidance learning 9:149 communication, animal 3:33 discrimination learning 9:143 drives 4:275 ethology 5:186 genetics 6:100 humor 7:5 imprinting 7:109 fol. individual differences 7:200 instinct 7:367 instrumental learning 9:131 mental disorders 10: 165 Morgan, Conwy Lloyd 10:495 motivation 10:509 fol. pastoralism 11:455 psychology, comparative 13:50 radiation 13:290 sexual behavior 14:194 social behavior 14:342 socialization 14:538 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:87 stimulation drives 15:266 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:10 time 16:28, 29
war 16:455 Watson, John B. 16:484 see also Primate behavior; Sexual behavior; Social behavior, Animal Animal communication: see Communication, Animal Animal domestication 4:250 Darwin, Charles 4:11 Oceanian society 11:260 Animal Farm (Orwell) 9:435 Animal magnetism Mesmer, Franz Anton 10:260 Animal sexual behavior: see Sexual behavior, Animal Animism Lang, Andrew 8:581 religion 13:399 theology, primitive 15:605 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:173 Animus analytical psychology 1:278 Ankermann, Bernhard ethnology 5:180 Graebner, Fritz 6:240 Ankole kingdom African society 1:148 Annales d'histoire economique et sociale (journal) Bloch, Marc 2:93 Febvre, Lucien 5:348 social history 6:458 Annals of Mathematical Statistics Wilks, S. S. 16:552 Annee sociologique, L' (journal) Durkheim, Emile 4:311 Mauss, Marcel 10:78 sociology 15:3, 19 Annual financial statements 1:15 Anomie anarchism 1:285 criminology 3:507 deviant behavior 4:151 drinking and alcoholism 4:271 Durkheim, Emile 4:316 fascism 5:340 ideology 7:80 integration, social 7:384 Le Play, Frederic 9:85 nativism and revivalism 11:76 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:28
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
INDEX
Apology (Plato)
social class 15:306, 307 social problems 14:457 status, social 15:254 voting 16:391 Anonymity delinquency: psychological aspects 4:89 Anosmia taste and smell 15:516 ANOVA: see Analysis of variance Answer to Job (Jung) analytical psychology 1:280 Anthony, Albert ethnology 5:183 Anthropocentrism 3:550 Anthropoids evolution 5:211 Roheim, Geza 13:544 Anthropological Society (England) 5:178 ANTHROPOLOGY 1:304-345 THE FIELD 1:304-313 CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY 1:313-
319
SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY 1 : 320-324 APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY 1 : 325-330 THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY OF MODERN SOCIETY 1: 330-339 THE COMPARATIVE METHOD IN ANTHROPOLOGY 1:339-345
see also Applied anthropology; Archeology; Cultural anthropology; Ethnology; Social anthropology for a listing of articles on anthropology, see pages 84-85 Anthropology, Economic: see Economic anthropology Anthropology, Physical: see Physical anthropology Anthropology, Political: see Political anthropology Anthropology, Psychological: see Psychological anthropology Anthropology and the Abnormal (Benedict) 2:49 Anthropomorphism Oceanian society 11:259 Anthropotropic principle bibliographic issues in the behavioral sciences 7:327
Anticipatory socialization reference groups 13:356 Anticolonialism 3:3, 5, 8 Fanon, Frantz 5:326 trusteeship 16:162 Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith 1:348 Antidepressants 10:200 Antilles Caribbean society 2:306 Antimilitarism 10:301 Antinomianism 10:351, 359 ANTI-SEMITISM 1:345-349 Israel 11:103, 105 Lundberg, George 9:493 Namier, L. B. 11:4 national socialism 11:46 prejudice 12:442, 450 totalitarianism 16:112 Zionism 16:597 ANTITRUST LEGISLATION 1:350356 comparative public law 13:187 competition 3:185 markets and industries 9:579 oligopoly 11:284 Antonelli, Giovanni B. utility 16:253 Antoninus (saint) economic thought 4:434 utility 16:238 Ants social behavior, animal 14:344 ANXIETY 1:356-366 avoidance learning 9:151, 153 cohesion, social 2:545 collective behavior 2:563 communication, mass 3:50 conflict 3:221, 225 defense mechanisms 4:66 fol. drinking and alcoholism 4:268 drives, acquired 4:284 ego psychology 13:16 ethnomedicine 10:89 existential psychology 13:78 Freud, Sigmund 6:4 gambling 6:57 Homey, Karen 6:514 humor 7:2,3 instrumental learning 9:134 Klein, Melanie 8:416 magic 9:522 mental disorders, childhood 10:157
121
mental disorders, treatment of: behavior therapy 10:190 fol. mental retardation 10:241 military 10:310 moral development 10:484, 493 motivation 10:517, 519 neurosis 11:163 pain 11:358 personality 11:593, 609, 611 personality inventories 12:41 personality measurement 12:31 phobias 12:81, 82 psychoanalysis 13:7 psychosomatic illness 13:138 Rank, Otto 13:314 stress 15:341 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:400, 401, 403 Anxiety hysteria 12:82 Anxiety neurosis 1:364; 11:163 Apache Indians 7:190 Apartheid assimilation 1:440 race relations: world perspectives 13:271, 273 Apathy internment and custody 8:145 mass phenomena 10:55, 57 political participation 12:255, 259, 263 political sociology 12:301 Apes evolution, human 5:217, 218, 219, 220 evolution, primate 5:210, 213 social behavior, animal 14:348, 352, 353 Aphagia motivation 10:510 Aphasia Broca, Paul 2:154 Goldstein, Kurt 6:198 mental disorders 10:137 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:148 speech pathology 9:16 Aphemia Broca, Paul 2:154 Apion anti-Semitism 1:345 Apollonian typologies 16:184 Apology (Plato) 12:161
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122
INDEX
Apostles
Apostles Christianity 2:432 Apostles, The (society) Keynes, John Maynard 8:373 Apparent movement gestalt theory 6:159 Apparent proneness model distributions, mixtures of 4:239 Apparent propensities Quetelet, Adolphe 13:253 Appeals criminal law 3:502 Appeals of Communism, The (Almond) communication, mass 3:46 Appellate tribunals labor unions in the United States 8:537 Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography 7:323 Appley, Mortimer H. motivation, human 10:514 Appliances, Household consumer assets 3:347 Applied anthropology 1:325 acculturation 1:25 Hooton, Earnest A. 6:512 modern society, anthropological study of 1:337 participant observation 11:238 Applied economics Walras, Leon 16:448 Applied psychology 13:84 Bingham, Walter 2:78 consumer behavior 3:350 consumer research 9:571 counseling psychology 3:415 fatigue 5:345 industrial and business psychology 7:222 intelligence testing 7:421 military psychology 10:333 Miinsterberg, Hugo 10:561 Paterson, Donald G. 11:479 programmed learning 9:182 skill, acquisition of 9:173 social science fiction 14:479 vocational interest testing 16:345 see also Business psychology; Clinical psychology; Consumer psychology; Counseling psychology; Industrial psychology
Applied sociology 15:6 social problems 14:453 Ward, Lester F. 16:474 Applied statistics 15:207 sufficiency 15:367 Appointment elections 5:2 APPORTIONMENT 1:366-369 legislation 9:227 representation 13:463 representational systems 13:471 Willcox, Walter F. 16:554 Approach-avoidance conflict 9:192 Appropriations Committee, House (U.S.) 2:194, 195 Appropriations Committee, Senate (U.S.) 2:194, 196 Approximate hypotheses goodness of fit 6:199, 205, 206 Approximation to distribution, Effectiveness of 4:234 Approximation to empirical distributions 4:230 Approximation to theoretical distributions 4:233 Approximations to distributions 4:230 statistics 15:221 Aprismo Latin American political movements 9:42 APTITUDE TESTING 1:369-374 achievement testing 1:34 factor analysis 5:285 Hull, Clark L. 6:535 individual differences 7:203 intelligence testing 7:422 Miinsterberg, Hugo 10:561 psychometrics 13:102 sex differences 7:209 Thurstone, L. L. 16:23 vocational interest testing 16:347 AQUINAS, THOMAS 1:375-377 civil disobedience 2:477 constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:301 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:321 economic thought 4:432, 433 educational psychology 4:533 equality 5:108 jurisprudence 8:333 justice 8:343, 344 natural law 11:82
Ara Khangai pastoralism 11:458 Arab League neutralism and nonalignment 11:169 regional integration 7:527 Arab Socialist Resurrectionist Party: see Ba'ath Party Arabic language 1:135 Arabs African society 1:125 Islamic countries 11:95 Israel 11:116 pan movements 11:370 refugees 13:366 Smith, William Robertson 14:333 societal analysis 14:568 Arai Hakuseki 6:416 Arapesh food: consumption patterns 5:512 Arawak Indians 2:306 Arbitrage financial intermediaries 5:435 interest 7:472 international monetary economics: exchange rates 8:11 speculation, hedging, and arbitrage 15:117 Arbitral commissions 3:13 Arbitration — : Industrial collective bargaining 8:494 industrial disputes, settlement of 8:508, 509 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:531 —: International adjudication 1:49 international conflict resolution 7:510 Arbitration, Compulsory: see Compulsory arbitration Arbitration, Voluntary: see Voluntary arbitration Arbuthnott, John social research 15:37 Arc sine law fallacies, statistical 5:298 Arc sine transformation statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:189
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Aristotle
Archaic stage (Mexico): see Formative stage Archeological research methods 1:386 ARCHEOLOGY 1:378-392 THE FIELD 1:378-386 RESEARCH METHODS 1 :386-392 animal domestication 4:251 anthropology 1:306 fol. Boas, Franz 2:103 Breuil, Henri 2:150 Childe, V. Gordon 2:390 city: forms and functions 2:448 Cole, Fay-Cooper 2:553 crafts 3:431 culture history 6:451 evolution, human 5:215 food-producing revolution 4:245 Gifford, Edward W. 6:183 hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:15 hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:9 Indians, North American 7:182 Kidder, Alfred V. 8:378 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:456 Oceanian society 11:255 Petrie, W. M. Flinders 12:65 Pitt-Rivers, A. H. L. F. 12:100 social science fiction 14:477 Strong, William Duncan 15:348 Tozzer, Alfred M. 16:116 urban revolution 16:202 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:214 Vaillant, George C. 16:277 Archetypes analytical psychology 1:277 dreams 4:262 Jung, Carl Gustav 8:328 typologies 16:184 Archimedes 10:65 Architects 1:392, 393, 396 art and society 5:440 ARCHITECTURE 1:392-397 Christianity 2:434 Oceanian society 11:260 planning, regional and urban 12:130 style 15:355 Archives African historiography 6:399 Chinese historiography 6:400
[
information services 7:304, 310 Japanese historiography 6:413, 417 Arctic cultural area 7:182 hunting and gathering 7:16 Ardant du Picq, Charles strategy 15:284 Ardrey, Robert region 13:378 AREA 1:398-401 anthropology 1:307 apportionment 1:367 area studies 1:401 central place 2:366 culture area 3:563 geography 6:115 geography, political 6:116 geography, social 6:141 landscape 8:576, 577 population distribution 12:375 region 13:377 Area Files: see Human Relations Area Files AREA STUDIES 1:401-407 area 1:400 Hettner, Alfred 6:355 statistical geography 6:145, 146, 150 village 16:321 Areal differentiation area 1:400 Arendt, Hannah internment and custody 8:146 social movements 14:449 Arensberg, Conrad M. human relations in industry 7:242 Areopagitica (Milton) censorship 2:357 Aretino, Guido art and society 5:443 Argentina communication, mass: audiences 3:73 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 housing 6:522 judicial review 8:305 Latin American political movements 9:43 literacy 9:413 Metraux, Alfred 10:263 migration: economic aspects 10:294, 295
123
patents 11:462 paternalism 11:473, 475 population growth 12:377 sales and excise taxes 15:552 sex ratio 12:363 South American society 15:65 Argyle, Michael time: social organization 16:37 Argyris, Chris human relations in industry 7:243 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:316 Arhant (Buddhist monk) 2:171 Arianism 2:429 Aries, Philippe Le Play, Frederic 9:90 Arieti, Silvano depressive disorders 4:122 fol. Arikara Indians 7:193 Arioris voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:358 Aristocracy Anglo-American society 1:294 Aristotle 1:409 Burke, Edmund 2:222 Calvin, John 2:259 Chinese political thought 2:397 elites 5:26 empires 5:46 leisure 9:249 Montesquieu 10:471 ARISTOTLE 1:407-411 administrative process 1:73 adolescence 1:85 Aquinas, Thomas 1:375 fol. communication, mass: audiences 3:73 consensus 3:267 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:318, 320 dictatorship 4:162, 167 dramatism 7:447 economic thought 4:430, 432 educational psychology 4:533 equality 5:103, 106 Harrington, James 6:323 interaction: social exchange 7:453 judicial discretion 8:320 justice 8:343, 344 natural law 11:81 natural rights 11:86, 87
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
124
Arithmetic mean
oligarchy 11:281 pluralism 12:165 political theory 12:310, 319, 321, 325 politics, comparative 12:331 power 12:406 psychology, comparative 13:51 social class 15:296 social contract 14:377 sociological thought 15:24 state 15:144, 154 style 15:357 typologies 16:180 utility 16:237 Arithmetic mean achievement testing 1:37 errors, nonsampling 5:122 errors in statistical assumptions 5:133, 137 statistics, descriptive 15:233 Armed forces civil-military relations 2:487 disarmament 4:192 militarism 10:301, 303 military 10:305, 310 military policy 10:319 military psychology 10:334 revolution 13:503 war 16:453 Arms control 4:194 Richardson, Lewis Fry 13:515 Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (U.S.) 4:200 Arms race 4:193 Richardson, Lewis Fry 13:515 systems analysis, international 15:482 war 16:464 Armstrong, Edward A. literature, psychology of 9:428 Army Alpha Test military psychology 10:334 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:11 Yerkes, Robert M. 16:588 Arner, Oddvar friendship 6:14 Arnheim, Rudolf aesthetics 1:117, 119 Arnold, Magda B. stress 15:341 Aron, Raymond coalitions 2:533
INDEX Aronson, Elliot cohesion, social 2:545 thinking 15:619, 620 Arouet, Francois Marie: see Voltaire Arousal response attention 1:445 drives, psychological 4:278 Arrow, Kenneth J. income distribution: functional share 7:141 investment decision 8:200 utility 16:258 welfare economics 16:509 Ars conjectandi (Bernoulli) 2:66 Art: see Aesthetics; Architecture; Crafts; Drama, Fine arts; Literature; Music; Primitive art Art, Sociology of artists, recruitment and socialization of 5:447 style 15:359 Art and society 5:439 Art and Visual Perception (Arnheim) aesthetics 1:117 Art criticism 5:444 Art dealers 5:443 Art exhibitions 5:443 Art films 5:426 Art galleries 5:445 Art history art and society 5:440 primitive art 12:479 style 15:354 Arthasastra Indian political thought 7:170, 174 Kautilya 8:354 Articles of Confederation (U.S.) constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:302 Articles of war 10:312 Artificial selection eugenics 5:196 genetics and behavior 6:101 Artis, Jay W. social class, measurement of 15:319, 323 Artists aesthetics 1:117 African society 1:151 analytical psychology 1:276 art and society 5:440, 443 professions 12:538
psychoanalysis 8:452 Rank, Otto 13:316 recruitment and socialization of artists 5:447 Arts and crafts: see Crafts Asceticism Hinduism 6:361 Protestantism 2:438 Asch, Solomon E. conformity 3:255, 256, 258 social psychology 14:467 suggestion 15:370, 373 thinking 15:616 Ascription-achievement 3:178 Anglo-American society 1:290 caste, concept of 2:334 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:425, 426 honor 6:507 Aserinsky, E. dreams 4:259 Ashanti family 5:309 time: social organization 16:35 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:359 Ash'ari, alIslam 8:210 Ashby, W. Ross international relations 8:63 Ashikaga period 5:399 Ashkenazi Israel 11:101 Ashley, 1st Baron (Anthony Ashley Cooper): see Shaftesbury, 1st Earl of ASHLEY, WILLIAM JAMES 1:411412 Asian Socialist Conference 14:529 ASIAN SOCIETY 1:412-438 SOUTH ASIA 1:412-423 SOUTHEAST ASIA 1:423-438
agriculture: comparative technology 1:203 agriculture: price and income policies 1:257 Buddhism 2:165 capital movements, private international 8:28 communism, international 3:121, 122
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS i |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Asylum, Political
communism, national 3:115 community development 3:172 cultural diffusion 4:172 descent groups 8:405 dictatorship 4:164 drama 4:257 economic data 4:373 economic growth 4:403, 405 economy, dual 4:495 famine 5:322 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 Granet, Marcel 6:242 historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:420 imperialism 7:105 integration, regional 7:528 intellectuals 7:409 land reform 8:574 literacy 9:413, 414 local government 9:457 migration: economic aspects 10:293, 294, 295 mortality 10:499, 503 neutralism and nonalignment 11:166 pastoralism 11:458 peasantry 11:505 population distribution 12:372 population growth 12:379, 380 primitive art 12:478 Radlov, Vasilii 13:304 refugees: world problems 13:363 universities 16:197 urban revolution 16:206 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:215 see also Chinese society: Indian society; Japanese society; Near Eastern society; Oceanian society; South Asian society; Southeast Asian society Asoka (king) Buddhism 2:170 Indian political thought 7:173 Aspiration, Level of achievement motivation 1:27 field theory 5:411 Lewin, Kurt 9:267 negotiation 11:120 as-Sakhawi historiography, Islamic 6:411
Assembler computation 3:198 Assembly, Freedom of: see Freedom of assembly Assembly language computation 3:198 Assembly line automation 1:480 Assembly programs computation 3:198 Assessments international organization: financing 8:48 property taxes 15:548 Assets accounting 1:16 balance of payments 8:2 banking 1:518 consumer assets 3:342 consumption levels and standards 3:338 family 3:345 financial intermediaries 5:433 investment decision 8:199 national wealth 11:50 fol. rent 13:456 speculation, hedging, and arbitrage 15:117 ASSIMILATION 1:438-444 acculturation 1:21 city: the modern city 2:458 descent groups 8:405 developmental psychology 4:141 migration: economic aspects 10:299 refugees: adjustment and assimilation 13:373 segregation 14:147 see also Accommodation; Acculturation; Integration Associated Actors and Artists of America 8:536 Associated Press 3:59 Association (psychology) Claparede, Edouard 2:501 forgetting 5:541 gestalt theory 6:161 imitation 7:96 language, psychology of 9:2 projective techniques 12:562 reaction time 13:332 transfer learning 9:171 verbal learning 9:163
125
Watson, John B. 16:486 see also Free association; Word association tests Association, Statistics of Benini, Rodolfo 2:52 Binet, Alfred 2:76 counted data 3:425 multivariate analysis: correlation 10:537 significance, tests of 14:243 statistics 15:214 statistics, descriptive 15:240 survey analysis 15:424 Yule, G. Udny 16:590 Association area (brain) 11:145 learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:156 Association of ideas educational psychology 4:533 gestalt theory 6:163 Hartley, David 6:325 Kohler, Wolfgang 8:439 Locke, John 9:470 literature, psychology of 9:426 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:481 verbal learning 9:161 Association tests, Word: see Word association tests Associations: see Cartels and trade associations; Cooperatives; Labor unions; Organizations; Professional associations; Voluntary associations Associations, Theory of Gierke, Otto von 6:178 Assyria capital punishment 2:290 Astereopsis visual defects 16:338 Astigmatism visual defects 16:337 Astrology time: social organization 16:33 Astronauts space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:87, 88 Astronomy historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:392 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:219 Asylum, Political refugees: world problems 13:369
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. J
126
INDEX
Asymmetrical cross-cousin marriage
Asymmetrical cross-cousin marriage 10:11 Asymptotic convergence Slutsky, Eugen 14:319 Asymptotic distributions: see Limit distributions Asymptotic estimation 5:147 Athabaskan Indians 7:187, 190, 197 Atheism Proudhon, Pierre Joseph 12:605 Athens, ancient democracy 4:115 elections, functions of 5:3 marriage: family formation 10:2 Atkinson, John W. anxiety 1:362 field theory 5:414 gambling 6:57 motivation, human 10:514 Atkinson, Richard C. attention 1:446 Atlases reference materials and books 7:324 Atman Hinduism 6:359 Atomic bomb strategy 15:285 Atomic Energy Commission (U.S.) 3:13 science-government relations 14:102 technology and international relations 15:595 Atomic war: see Nuclear war Atomism gestalt theory 6:159, 165, 172 ATTENTION 1:444-449 communication, political 3:93 discrimination learning 9:146 electroencephalography 11:160 intellectual development 7:388, 393 learning in children 9:179 learning theory 9:192 pain 11:358 sleep 14:317 stimulation drives 15:270 time: psychological aspects 15:27 Titchener, Edward B. 16:89 Attenuation multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:544 Spearman, C. E. 15:108
Attitude change 1:458 communication, mass 3:49, 82 field theory 5:413, 414 interpersonal influence 4:180 perceptual deprivation 11:554 persuasion 12:58, 60, 61 public opinion 13:195 self concept 14:157 social psychology 14:466, 468 socialization, adult 14:559 thinking 15:618 Attitude scaling Thurstone, L. L. 16:24 ATTITUDES 1:449-467 THE NATURE OF ATTITUDES 1:449-458 ATTITUDE CHANGE 1:458-467
adolescence 1:84, 91 aging: psychological aspects 1:182 assimilation 1:440 brainwashing 2:138 communication, mass 3:83 communication, political 3:92 conformity 3:256 cross pressure 3:519 drug addiction 4:301 empires 5:46 errors, nonsampling 5:121 field theory 5:415 fine arts: the recruitment and socialization of artists 5:450, 453 foreign policy 5:533 ideology 7:66 illegitimacy 7:88 international relations 8:78 judicial behavior 8:311 military psychology 10:335 modern society, anthropological study of 1:334, 336 nuclear war 11:218, 221 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:3 personality, political 12:14, 24 persuasion 12:61 philanthropy 12:79 political culture 12:218 political geography 6:120 positivism 12:393 prejudice 12:444 psychology, applied 13:89 public opinion 13:195 public relations 13:208 fol., 215
race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:278 reference groups 13:353, 356 representational behavior 13:477 Rice, Stuart 13:512 self concept 14:153, 156 sexual deviation: social aspects 14:216 slavery 14:311 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:90 speech community 9:384 speech pathology 9:16 thinking 15:610 Thomas, W. I. 16:5 Thurstone, L. L. 16:23 time: social organization 16:39 typologies 16:183 world view 16:577 see also Attitude change; Belief Attraction conformity 3:258 Attraction, Index of Benini, Rodolfo 2:52 Attribute data Yule, G. Udny 16:590 Attribute sampling acceptance sampling 13:226 Attributes, Statistics of counted data 3:417 sample surveys 13:604 scaling 14:27, 36 statistics, descriptive 15:241 survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:419 Attrition collective behavior 2:557, 558 Aubert, Vilhelm friendship 6:14 Auburn system penology 11:515 Auburtin, Ernest Broca, Paul 2:154 Auctioning pricing policies 12:460 Auden, W. H. statistics 15:219 Audiences 3:70 advertising: economic aspects 1:107, 110 aesthetics 1:120 communication, mass 3:47, 81 fol., 89
j CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 I cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Authority
INDEX communication, political: international aspects 3:98 film (cinema) 5:428 group behavior 6:267 literature, sociology of 9:423 music and society 10:572 persuasion 12:59, 62 propaganda 12:586 role: psychological aspects 13:551 social psychology 14:469 television 3:63, 65, 67, 68 Auditing accounting 1:19 AUGUSTINE 1:468-470 Christianity 2:430, 433 economic thought 4:432 equality as an ideal 5:108 legitimacy 9:246 periodization 11:581 political theory 12:323, 324 typologies 16:181 Augustus, John probation and parole 11:518 Aurignacian culture Breuil, Henri 2:151, 152 AUSPITZ, RUDOLF, AND LIEBEN, RICHARD 1:470-471 Austin, G. A. concept formation 3:210 AUSTIN, JOHN 1:471-473 adjudication 1:44 law and legal institutions 9:73 pluralism 12:165 sovereignty 15:80 state: the institution 15:146 utilitarianism 16:226, 232 Austin, John L. elections 5:2 Australia Anglo-American society 1:289, 292 banking 1:515 economic growth 4:397 family 5:305, 320 food: consumption patterns 5:510 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:524 government statistics 6:233 hours of work 8:488 income distribution: functional share 7:136 judicial review 8:303, 304, 305 jurisprudence 8:337
local government 9:453 marriage 10:11, 19 migration: economic aspects 10:294, 295 national income and product accounts 11:21 national wealth 11:58 Oceanian society 11:254 population composition 12:365, 367 population distribution 12:373 Roheim, Geza 13:545 sales and excise taxes 15:552 sex ratio 12:363 social structure 14:487 wage and hour legislation 16:419 Australian ballot 5:10 Australopithecus (Australopithecines ) evolution, human 5:218 evolution, primate 5:214 hunting and gathering 7:11 Austria judicial review 8:304, 305 parliamentary government 11:422 patents 11:463 sales and excise taxes 15:552 sex ratio 12:363 socialism 14:521 Austria-Hungary migration: economic aspects 10:294 Austrian School 4:458 Aftalion, Albert 1:155 Auspitz, Rudolf 1:470 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:119 Gossen, Hermann Heinrich 6:209 Lexis, Wilhelm 9:274 Lieben, Richard 1:470 Menger, Carl 10:124 utility 16:257 Von Mises, Ludwig 16:379 Wieser, Friedrich von 16:549 Austronesian languages Oceanian society 11:257 Ausubel, David P. self concept 14:152 Autarchy communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:152 political anthropology: political organization 12:199 Autecology ecology 4:328
127
Authoritarian Personality, The (Adorno et al.) attitudes 1:459, 464 conservatism 3:291 Frenkel-Brunswik, Else 5:560 personality, political 12:25 prejudice 12:443 religion: psychological study 13:420 socialization, political 14:553 sociology 15:11 typologies 16:182 Author it ari anism communication, mass: control and public policy 3:56, 57 conformity 3:257 dictatorship 4:161, 162 Frenkel-Brunswik, Else 5:560 interaction and personality 7:460 national interest 11:39 personality 11:597 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:24 persuasion 12:61 Reich, Wilhelm 13:397 social movements 14:448 stratification, social 15:331 systems analysis, psychological 15:489 AUTHORITY 1:473-477 anarchism 1:283 autocracy 1:478 Barnard, Chester I. 2:13 Burke, Edmund 2:223 canon law 2:265 charisma 2:386 collective behavior 2:563 communism, international 3:127 consensus 3:262 constitutional law: civil liberties 3:310 delegation of powers 4:72 economy and society 4:504 educational organization 4:530 empires 5:41, 44 fallacies, statistical 5:292 federalism 5:357 feudalism 5:394 Figgis, John Neville 5:424 general will 6:87 geography, political 6:117, 120 government 6:214, 218
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers. J
1 28
Autism
honor 6:510 hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:24 ideology 7:68 Indian political thought 7:175 integration, glohal 7:528 intellectuals 7:405 international law 7:548 international legislation 7:558 Japanese society 8:241, 247 judicial values 8:316 law, sociology of 9:51, 53 leadership: political aspects 9:108 leadership: psychological aspects 9:92 leadership: sociological aspects 9:104 legal reasoning 9:201 legitimacy 9:244 liberalism 9:276 mass society 10:62 military 10:308 organizations: methods of research 11:339 organizations, theories of 11:298 Ortega y Gasset, Jose 11:344 personality, political 12:14 police 12:177 political anthropology 12:193, 198, 199 political culture 12:222 political process 12:270 political science 12:287 power 12:406 Proudhon, Pierre Joseph 12:605 religious organization 13:428, 429, 432 social class 15:308 social contact 14:380 stratification systems, structure of 15:329 Suarez, Francisco 15:362 sub-Saharan African society 1:141, 151 systems analysis, social 15:464 teaching 15:561 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:92 Tonnies, Ferdinand 16:100 utilitarianism: sociological thought 16:231
INDEX voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:359 Weber, Max 16:499 Autism affection 1:122 Bleuler, Eugen 2:86 mental disorders, childhood 10:160 schizophrenia 14:44, 45 Autobiography (Mill) 10:344 Autocorrelation errors in statistical assumptions 5:135, 140 linear hypotheses: regression 9:312 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:547 time series 16:48, 52 Autocovariance function time series: advanced problems 16:60, 61, 63, 65 AUTOCRACY 1:478-480 dictatorship 4:161 government 6:219 policy sciences 12:184 see also Caudillismo; Despotism; Dictatorship; Totalitarianism AUTOMATION 1:480-489 aging: psychological aspects 1:181 city: the modern city 2:458 cybernetics 4:5 hours of work 8:489 industrial and business psychology 7:223, 227 libraries 7:316 power transition 12:416 productivity 12:535 reward systems and incentives 7:249 specialization and exchange 15:112 work, sociology of 7:235 workers 16:566 Automobiles consumer assets 3:344, 346 family assets 3:345 installment credit 7:355, 356, 359, 361 transportation 16:139, 142 Autonomic nervous system brain structure and functioning 11:134, 140 emotion 5:38 Autonomy Angyal, Andras 1:302
ego psychology 13:26, 28 local government 9:453 political anthropology 12:198, 199 Autopsies medical care: social aspects 10:95 Autoregression 16:52, 55 time series: advanced problems 16:63, 65 time series: cycles 16:78 Auxiliary variable distributions, mixtures of 4:237 Avant-garde art and society 5:446 Avenel, Georges d* price history 12:473 Average cost pricing competition 3:183 firm, theory of the 5:457 pricing policies 12:457 "Average man": see Homme moyen Average outgoing quality limit quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:226 Average productivity 12:524 Average run length quality control, statistical: process control 13:231 Average sample number sequential analysis 14:190 Average tariffs tariffs and protectionism 8:119 Averages probability, formal 12:492 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:188 statistics 15:219 statistics, descriptive 15:232 Averages, Law of: see Large numbers, Law of Aviation regulation of industry 13:394 Avoidance learning 9:148 anxiety 1:358, 360 behavior therapy 10:191 drives, acquired 4:284 electroconvulsive shock 5:24 learning 9:125 learning theory 9:193, 195 reinforcement 9:137 Axioms mathematics 10:73
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings: SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers.]
Baldwin, James Mark
INDEX Axons nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:131 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:303 Ayres, Clarence E. economic thought 4:466 Azandes magic 9:523 Azhar, al- 11:96 Aztec civilization 16:201, 207, 212 Vaillant, George C. 16:278
B BBC: see British Broadcasting Corporation BIB: see Balanced incomplete blocks BIS: see Bank for International Settlement Ba Swe (Burmese Socialist) socialism 14:529 Ba'al Shem-Tov, Israel 8:278 Ba'ath party socialism 14:527 BABBAGE, CHARLES 1:491-493 specialization and exchange 15:111, 112 Babchuk, Nicholas voluntary associations 16:365, 366, 373 Babeuf, Gracchus Buonarroti, Filippo 2:202 Baboons social behavior, animal 14:355 Bach, G. L. inflation and deflation 7:299 Bach, J. S. style 15:357 Bachelier, Louis statistical method 15:231 BACHOFEN, JOHANN JAKOB 1:493-494 family: comparative structure 5:304 Back, Kurt W. cohesion, social 2:542, 543 field theory 5:412 social psychology 14:465 Backman, Carl W. friendship 6:16
leadership: psychological aspects 9:94, 100 BACON, FRANCIS 1:494-498 academic freedom 1:5 balance of power 1:508 Bentham, Jeremy 2:56 knowledge, sociology of 8:428 Locke, John 9:470 utopianism 16:274 Bacon, Margaret drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:270 Bacteriology 6:331 Baerends, G. P. ethology 5:191 Bagby, James W. perception, social 11:572 BAGEHOT, WALTER 1:498-503 ECONOMIC
CONTRIBUTIONS
1 :498-
CONTRIBUTIONS
1 :500-
500 POLITICAL
503
banking, central 2:1 parliamentary government 11:421 presidential government 12:451 Tooke, Thomas 16:104 Wilson, Woodrow 16:556 Baghdad Pact neutralism and nonalignment 11:169 Bailey, Stephen K. decision making: political aspects 4:60 public interest 13:172 Bailyn, Lotte communication, mass 3:87 BAIN, ALEXANDER 1:503-505 anxiety 1:356 Hartley, David 6:325 Baker, C. H. attention 1:445 BAKUNIN, MIKHAIL A. 1:505-506 Balance of nature conservation: political and social aspects 3:274, 277 Balance of payments 8:1 Aftalion, Albert 1:156 business cycles 2:242 economic data 4:367 employment and unemployment 5:58 exchange rates 8:13
129
fiscal policy 5:467 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:528 international monetary organization 8:16 international trade 8:84, 91, 93, 94 international trade: mathematical theory 8:100 international trade: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:127 monetary policy 10:422 Mun, Thomas 10:560 Serra, Antonio 14:193 Taussig, Frank W. 15:517 BALANCE OF POWER 1:506-509 collective security 2:566 diplomacy 4:189 imperialism 7:107 integration, global 7:531 fol. international organization: the process and the institutions 8:37 international politics 8:58 peace 11:489 political science 12:294 power transition 12:417 systems analysis, international 15:479 fol. war 16:459 Balance of trade balance of payments 8:5 exchange rates 8:13 mercantilism 4:436, 437, 438 Misselden, Edward 10:371 spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:101 Balance sheet accounting 1:15, 16 banking 1:518 national income and product accounts 11:31 national wealth: estimation 11:50, 55 Balanced budget fiscal policy 5:468 Balanced-budget multiplier theorem fiscal policy 5:463 Balanced incomplete blocks experiments, design of 5:252 BALDWIN, JAMES MARK 1:510-512 socialization: psychological aspects 14:535
J CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"] locate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers.J
130
INDEX
Bales, Robert F.
Bales, Robert F. content analysis 3:372 drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:272 functional analysis 6:34 group behavior 6:272 groups 6:262 groups: role structure 6:285 interaction, social 7:436 interaction process analysis 7:465 leadership: psychological aspects 9:94 reason analysis 13:339 Balfour Declaration anti-Semitism 1:347 Zionism 16:595 Balkan languages 6:454 Ballachey, Egerton L. attitudes 1:453, 455 Ballard, J. G. social science fiction 14:480 Ballot Act (England 1872) 5:10 voting 16:387 Ballots nonpartisanship 11:201, 202 see also Elections; Voting Bancor international monetary organization 8:20 Band stateless society 15:161 sub-Saharan African society 1:141 BANDELIER, ADOLPH 1:512 Bandura, Albert communication, mass: effects 3:88 delinquency: sociological aspects 4:81 imitation 7:97 motivation, human 10:516 socialization: psychological aspects 14:543 Banfield, Edward C. authority 1:475 Bank credit 1:514 banking, central 2:3, 6, 8 business cycles 2:241 capital movements, private international 8:28 Fisher, Irving 5:481 installment credit 7:360 monetary policy 10:419, 420 Schlesinger, Karl 14:51 Usher, Abbott P. 16:223
Bank deposits 1:513, 518 money: quantity theory 10:435 Bank for International Settlements 8:19 Bank notes 1:514 Bank of England Bagehot, Walter 1:499 banking, central 2:1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9 Thornton, Henry 16:15 Tooke, Thomas 16:104 Bank of France Law, John 9:78 Bank rate: see Discount rate Bankers' acceptances 1:518 BANKING 1:512-522 balance of payments 8:5 banking, central 2:1 capital movements, private international 8:28 credit, agricultural 3:467, 469 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:434 economics 4:481 financial intermediaries 5:432 Fisher, Irving 5:481 income and employment theory 7:126 installment credit 7:355, 360 international monetary organization 8:17 Law, John 9:78 markets and industries 9:581 monetary reform 10:455 money 10:429 Robertson, Dennis Holme 13:531 Schlesinger, Karl 14:51 Usher, Abbott P. 16:223 Wagner, Adolf 16:431 Walras, Leon 16:451 BANKING, CENTRAL 2:1-10 Bagehot, Walter 1:499 balance of payments 8:3, 7, 10 communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:150 debt, public 4:30 exchange rates 8:14 Keynes, John Maynard 8:370 liquidity preference 9:396 monetary policy 10:420, 423 money 10:430 taxation 15:527 Thornton, Henry 16:15
Tooke, Thomas 16:104 Torrens, Robert 16:106 Banks, Development: see Development banks Banks Islands voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:358 Baiiques d'affaires 1:520 Banton, Michael assimilation 1:440 Bantu judicial process 8:297 race relations: world perspectives 13:273 Baptist Church canon law 2:267 Bar (law) judicial administration 8:300 legal profession 9:70 Barani, Ziauddin historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:421 BARANSKII, NIKOLAI N. 2:10-12 Barber, Bernard voluntary associations 16:369 Barbiturates drug addiction 4:290 Bargaining game theory: economic applications 6:70 negotiation 11:117, 118 profit 12:548, 551 social institutions 14:415 stock-flow analysis 15:274, 275 trade and markets 16:119 wages 16:400 Bargaining, Collective: see Collective bargaining Barker, Ernest canon law 2:264 general will 6:87 Barker, Roger G. Lewin, Kurt 9:268 Barlowe, Raleigh land: economic aspects 8:551 BARNARD, CHESTER I. 2:12-14 administration 1:74 administrative behavior 1:76, 78 Whitehead, Alfred North 16:534 Barnard, George A. sequential analysis 14:188 statistical method 15:230
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Behavior, Animal
INDEX BARNES, HARRY ELMER 2:14-16 Robinson, James Harvey 13:537 Barnett, Homer G. culture change 3:555 BARONE, ENRICO 2:16-19 Walras, Leon 16:449 welfare economics 16:504 Baroque architecture 1:394 Barrios, Justo Rufino Middle American society 10:274 Barry, Herbert aesthetics 1:118 Barter communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:156 interest 7:474 monetary reform 10:454 social institutions 14:413 trade and markets 16:119 Earth, Karl Christianity 2:444 Protestant political thought 12:602 BARTLETT, F. C. 2:19-21 military psychology 10:335, 339 Bartlett, Maurice S. multivariate analysis 10:527 time series: cycles 16:74 variances, statistical study of 16:298 Bartlett's smoothing formula time series: advanced problems 16:69 Bartlett's test errors in statistical assumptions 5:140 variances, statistical study of 16:297 Bartol'd, Vasilii V. 13:304 BARTON, JOHN 2:21-23 Simonde de Sismondi, J. C. L. 14:259 Basal ganglia nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:141 Base periods index numbers: practical applications 7:161 Base point pricing 12:462 Bass, Bernard M. leadership: psychological aspects 9:97
BASTIAN, ADOLF 2:23-24 anthropology 1:310 Frobenius, Leo 6:18 BASTIAT, FREDERIC 2:24-26 laissez-faire 8:547 Batavia Asian society 1:429 Batch service queues 13:258 B a tile y Ordonez, Jose Latin American political movements 9:41 Batten, T. R. community development 3:170 Baudeau, Nicholas entrepreneurship 5:88 Bauer, Otto labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:526 Baumol, William J. organizational goals 11:307 Bavelas. Alex group performance 6:291 Lewin, Kurt 9:267 BAYES, THOMAS 2:26-28 Bayesian inference 2:29 decision making: economic aspects 4:52 Fisher, R. A. 5:488 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:24 probability: interpretations 12:497 statistics 15:226, 231 Bayes estimation point estimation 5:147 Bayes solutions decision theory 4:65 multivariate analysis: classification and discrimination 10:556 Bayes' theorem decision making: psychological aspects 4:34, 39 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:24 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:548 probability 12:490, 502 BAYESIAN INFERENCE 2:28-33 distributions, mixtures of 4:237 econometric models, aggregate 4:346 estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:147, 155 fiducial inference 5:405 hypothesis testing 7:47
131
Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:24 likelihood 9:300 multivariate analysis 10:554 probability 12:497, 502 quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:229 statistical method, history of 15:231 statistics 15:212 von Mises, Richard 16:384 Bayesian statistics: see Bayesian inference Bayet, Albert suicide: social aspects 15:380 Beach, Frank A. homosexuality 14:230 instinct 7:370 sexual behavior, animal 14:194 Beals, Ralph acculturation 1:22 BEARD, CHARLES A. 2:33-37 Loria, Achille 9:474 national interest 11:34 Robinson, James Harvey 13:534 fol., 536 Beard, George M. emotion 5:39 BECCARIA 2:37-38 capital punishment 2:291 penology 11:514 BECKER, JOHANN JOACHIM 2:3840 Bechhofer, R. E. screening and selection 14:125 Beck, Aaron T. dreams 4:262 Becker, Gary S. capital, human 2:284 BECKER, HOWARD 2:40-41 Bedouins North Africa 1:126, 127, 131 Smith, William Robertson 14:331 Beecher, Henry K. pain 11:358, 359 Beegle, J. Allan community-society continua 3:176 Beers, Clifford psychiatry, child 12:618 Begging 10:390 Behavior, Administrative: see Administrative behavior Behavior, Animal: see Animal behavior; Primate behavior
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings: SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 bers. J I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers
J32
Behavior, Collective
Behavior, Collective: see Collective behavior Behavior, Consumer: see Consumer behavior Behavior, Deviant: see Deviant behavior Behavior, Expressive: see Expressive behavior Behavior, Group: see Group behavior Behavior, Judicial: see Judicial behavior Behavior, Legislative: see Legislative behavior Behavior, Political: see Political behavior Behavior, Representational: see Representational behavior Behavior, Sexual: see Sexual behavior Behavior, Verbal: see Verbal behavior Behavior and evolution: see Evolution and behavior Behavior and genetics: see Genetics and behavior Behavior System, A (Hull) 6:538 Behavior therapy instrumental learning 9:133 personality 11:597, 598 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 2:41-45 bibliographic issues in the behavioral sciences 7:326 Behavioralism administration 1:74 economic thought 4:456 judicial behavior 8:307 political behavior 12:203 political science 12:291, 296 politics, comparative 12:333 public administration 13:149 public law 13:179 Behaviorism affection 1:121 aggression 1:170 Allport, Floyd H. 1:272 attitude change 1:461 Bekhterev, Vladimir M. 2:45 classical conditioning 9:126 concept formation 3:207 developmental psychology 4:138 drives, acquired 4:280 emotion 5:36 gestalt theory 6:172 groups 6:263 Holt, Edwin B. 6:493
INDEX Hull, Clark L. 6:535 Hunter, Walter S. 7:8 instinct 7:367 intellectual development 7:396 interaction, symbolic 7:442 James, William 8:230 Janet, Pierre 8:235 motivation, human 10:516 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:481 personality 11:589, 590 personality, political 12:16 political science 12:291 problem solving 12:507 punishment 13:221 simulation: individual behavior 14:265 social psychology 14:460 socialization: psychological aspects 14:535 Titchener, Edward B. 16:88 Tolman, Edward C. 16:95, 96 utilitarianism 16:234 Watson, John B. 16:484 Behrens-Fisher problem Bayesian inference 2:32 errors in statistical assumptions 5:138 fiducial inference 5:404 multivariate analysis 10:533 Being (Sein) phenomenology 12:69 Being-in-the-world psychology, existential 13:79 Bekesy audiometer psychophysics 13:122 BEKHTEREV, VLADIMIR M. 2:45-47 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:485 Belgian Congo anthropology 1:327 Belgium anthropology, applied 1:327 colonialism: political aspects 3:1, 4:10 economic growth 4:397 electoral systems 5:8 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:524 industrialization: economic aspects 7:254 migration: economic aspects 10:294 monetary reform 10:455 national wealth: estimation 11:58
parties, political 11:449 patents 11:465 population composition 12:365, 367 sales and excise taxes 15:552 sex ratio 12:363 trusteeship 16:163 wages: structure 16:411 Belidor, Bernard F. de entrepreneurship 5:88 Belief attitudes 1:450, 454 Bain, Alexander 1:504 consensus 3:261 Hume, David 6:547 ideology: the concept and function of 7:66 Le Play, Frederic 9:87 magic 9:522, 524 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:412 political culture 12:218 political opinion 13:198 positivism 12:393 religion •. psychological study 13:416 ritual 13:521, 525 Smith, William Robertson 14:330 social movements 14:440, 446 social psychology 14:465 stress 15:343 systems analysis: psychological systems 15:487, 492 theology, primitive 15:606, 607 Weber, Max 16:497 see also Attitudes BELL, CHARLES 2:47-48 Miiller, Johannes 10:526 Bell-shaped distributions: see Normal distributions Bellevue Hospital psychiatry, child 12:619 Bellman, R. programming 12:560 Bellori, G. P. art and society 5:444 Bell's Law Bell, Charles 2:47 Bemba African society 1:145 economic anthropology 4:360 marriage: comparative analysis 10:13 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:443
JCAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [^cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Bernoulli, Daniel I
Ben Bella, Ahmed African society 1:133 socialism 14:527 Benda, Harry J. Asian society 1:427, 428 Bendix, Reinhard authority 1:475 economy and society 4:501 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:370 BENEDICT, RUTH 2:48-52 adolescence 1:92 authority 1:476 cultural integration 7:373, 375 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:460 Sapir, Edward 14:13 typologies 16:184 Benedictine order Christianity 2:433 Benedictine Rule monasticism 10:416 Benefit-cost analysis conservation: economic aspects 3:286 Dupuit, Jules 4:308 economics of defense 4:487 government budgeting 2:189 patents 11:469 transportation: economic aspects 16:139 water resources 16:480, 482 Benevolence Chinese political thought 2:398, 399 BENINI, RODOLFO 2:52-55 Bennett, Edith B. social psychology 14:465 Bennett, Edward M. sex differences 7:210 Bennett, John W. Japanese society 8:243 Bennett Report (1951) 1:403 Bennington study social psychology 14:466 Benoit-Smullyan, Ernile status, social 15:254 Benson, Oliver simulation: political processes 14:277 Benson simulation 14:277 BENTHAM, JEREMY 2:55-58 adjudication, domestic 1:44 Austin, John 1:471
Blackstone, William 2:82 capital punishment 2:291 civil disobedience 2:476 code law systems 9:216 duty 4:321 Halevy, Elie 6:308 justice 8:345 legal reasoning 9:202 majority rule 9:537 Mill, John Stuart 10:340, 342 propaganda 12:581 sovereignty 15:77 Thompson, William 16:6 utilitarianism 16:225 fol., 230, 232 utility 16:236, 237, 239, 242 BENTLEY, ARTHUR F. 2:58-62 behavioral sciences 2:43 judicial behavior 8:310 pluralism 12:168 political behavior 12:204 political group analysis 12:243, 244 political science 12:290 public law 13:178 Benzedrine mental disorders 10:146 Berbers African historiography 6:396 Islam 8:203 state 15:145 Bereavement aging: psychological aspects 1:184 death and bereavement 4:19 family 5:315 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:360 Berelson, Bernard content analysis 3:372 Berger, Clarence Q. time budgets 16:43 Bergler, Edmund gambling 6:57 suicide: psychological aspects 15:391 Bergman, Ingmar film (cinema) 5:428, 429 political fiction 9:438 Bergson, Henri dramatism 7:450 Beriberi food: world problems 5:503 Bering Strait Indians, North American 7:182
133
BERKELEY, GEORGE 2:62-64 Berkowitz, Leonard aggression 1:171 motivation, human 10:518 Berkson, Joseph errors, nonsampling 5:120 Berkun, Mitchell M. conflict: psychological aspects 3:224 Berlew, David achievement motivation 1:30 Berlin, Isaiah equality as an ideal 5:108 Berlin, Germany international conflict resolution 7:512 Berlin Psychoanalytic Society Abraham, Karl 1:1 Klein, Melanie 8:415 Berlin Treaty (1885) African society 1:138 Berlyne, D. E. aesthetics 1:121 attention 1:446 humor 7:1 learning theory 9:192 motivation, human 10:518 Miiller, Johannes 10:526 Bernard, Claude Cannon, Walter B. 2:261 Darwin, Charles 4:12 drives, physiological 4:276 motivation 10:508 BERNARD, L. L. 2:64-65 Cooley, Charles H. 3:382 Bernardelli, H. utility 16:260 Bernardino of Siena (saint) economic thought 4:432, 434 Bernays, Edward L. public relations 13:211 Bernheim, Hippolyte Charcot, Jean Martin 2:385 culture history 6:448 hypnosis 7:34 Bernier, Francois physical anthropology 12:86 Bernoulli, Daniel I 2:67 decision making: economic aspects 4:52 probability 12:497 utility 16:261
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
134
INDEX
Bernoulli, Jakob I
Bernoulli, Jakob I (Jacques Bernoulli) 2:66 statistical method, history of 15:226 Bernoulli, Johann I 2:66 Bernoulli, Niklaus I 2:66 Bernoulli distributions distributions, special discrete 4:218 BERNOULLI FAMILY 2:65-68 significance, tests of 14:248 Bernoulli process Bayesian inference 2:29, 30 distributions, special discrete 4:218 Lexis, Wilhelm 9:272 sufficiency 15:368 Bernstein, Basil linguistics 9:361 BERNSTEIN, EDUARD 2:68-69 Luxemburg, Rosa 9:496 socialism 14:511 Bernstein, Edward M. international monetary organization 8:25 Berr, Henri Bloch, Marc 2:93 Febvre, Lucien 5:348 Berreman, Gerald D. Indian caste system 2:343 Bertalanffy, Ludwig von Fechner, Gustav Theodor 5:352 international relations 8:63 systems analysis 15:452 Berth, Edouard syndicalism 15:448 Bertillon, Adolphe Quetelet, Adolphe 13:255 Bertillon, Alphonse Galton, Francis 6:51 BERTILLON, JACQUES 2:69-71 Willcox, Walter F. 16:554 Bertillon classification 2:70 Bessel, F. W. Gauss, Carl Friedrich 6:77 Beta distributions distributions, special continuous 4:227 Beta distributions, Bivariate: see Bivariate beta distributions Beta function, Incomplete: see Incomplete beta function Betel Oceanian society 11:260
Bettelheim, Bruno internment and custody 8:146 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:279 religion: anthropological study 13:401 Betting decision making: economic aspects 4:48 decision making: psychological aspects 4:35 see also Gambling BEVERIDGE, WILLIAM HENRY 2:71-72 price history 12:471, 473, 475 welfare state 16:517, 518 Beveridge Report Beveridge, William Henry 2:72 philanthropy 12:75 Beyond Bedlam (Guin) 14:479 Bhagavad Glta Indian political thought 7:174 Bhandarkar, R. G. historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:424 Bhave, Vinoba Indian political thought 7:178 Bias (psychosocial): see Prejudice Bias (statistics) analysis of variance 9:334 errors, nonsampling 5:113, 124, 125 estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:153 evaluation research 5:201 experiments, design of 5:247 fallacies, statistical 5:296 index numbers: sampling 7:167 interviewing: social research 8:151,159 point estimation 5:145 quasi-experimental design 5:260 sample surveys 13:599, 602 sample surveys: nonprobability sampling 13:613, 614 simultaneous equation estimation 14:282, 293 social mobility 14:436 suicide: social aspects 15:379 see also Nonsampling errors Bible censorship 2:356 Judaism 8:273
justice 8:342 social contract 14:378 Bibliography 7:301 bibliographic issues in the behavioral sciences 7:326 information services 7:307 Bibring, Edward ego psychology 13:23 Biculturism 1:24 Bieber, Irving homosexuality 14:224 BIENAYME, JULES 2:73-74 Bienayme-Chebyshev inequality 2:73 probability, formal 12:492 Bierstedt, Robert authority 1:474 Bigelow, Julian Wiener, Norbert 16:546 Bigelow et al. v. RKO Pictures 1:353 Bilateral aid 5:517, 524, 525 Bilateral clearing agreements 8:15 Bilateral monopoly 10:464 wages 16:400 Bilateral trade communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:156 Bill of exchange banking 1:513, 514 Bill of rights constitutional law: civil liberties 3:311 Madison, James 9:519 see also Human rights Bills, Robert E. client-centered counseling 10:183 'Bills only' doctrine banking, central 2:7 Bi-Metalic Investment Co. v. State Board of Equalization of Colorado adjudication 1:47 Bimetallism 8:17 Walras, Leon 16:451 Binary coding computation 3:194 information theory 7:332 Binary relations mathematics 10:71 BINET, ALFRED 2:74-78 developmental psychology 4:137 educational psychology 4:534 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:422 literature, psychology of 9:427
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers. J
Bivariate truncation
INDEX mental retardation 10:228 psychiatry, child 12:617 Binet-Simon Scale: see StanfordBinet intelligence test BINGHAM, WALTER 2:78-79 military psychology 10:334 Bini, L. mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:203 Binocular vision depth perception 11:541 Binomial coefficient distributions, special discrete 4:218 Binomial distributions 4:218, 220, 227 counted data 3:418, 424 distributions, mixtures of 4:236, 238,240 goodness of fit 6:205 hypothesis testing 7:40 probability: formal probability 12:496 sufficiency 15:367 Binomial distributions, Normal approximation to the 4:233 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:24 Binomial model (binomially distributed proportions) hypothesis testing 7:40 quantalresponse 13:241 sequential analysis 14:188 statistics 15:209 sufficiency 15:367 Binswanger, Ludwig psychology, existential 13:81 Biochemistry mental disorders: biological aspects 10:142 fol. schizophrenia 14:46 Biography Chinese historiography 6:402, 404 Islamic historiography 6:409 public law 13:177 reference materials and books 7:323 Biology adolescence 1:86 Darwin, Charles 4:8, 12 death 4:25 ecology 4:339 eugenics 5:193 evolution 5:216 fertility 5:376
genetics, demography and population 6:102 genetics and behavior 6:96, 99 genetics and race 6:108 homosexuality 14:223 mental disorders 10:139 motivation 10:507 Ratzel, Friedrich 13:328 socialization, adult 14:558 systems analysis 15:452, 453, 457 Biometrics Binet, Alfred 2:76 Galton, Francis 6:52 Gini, Corrado 6:189 Pearson, Karl 11:501 Biometrika (journal) Galton, Francis 6:52 Pearson, Karl 11:502 Bion, Wilfred therapeutic community 10:210 Biostatistics demography 12:343 BIPARTISANSHIP 2:79-81 foreign policy 5:532 nonpartisanship 11:201 Bipolarity integration, global 7:533 systems analysis, international 15:480 fol. Birch, A. H. elections 5:6 Birch, H. G. sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:210 Birds social behavior, animal 14:346, 362 Birnbaum, Allan likelihood 9:300 Birnbaum, Z. W. goodness of fit 6:203 Birth control African society 1:134 fertility control 5:382 Malthus, Thomas Robert 9:550, 551 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:93 Birth rates demography 12:344, 345, 347 economic growth 4:400 eugenics 5:194 fertility 5:372, 373 genetics, demography and population 6:105
135
illegitimacy 7:86, 87 industrialization: social aspects 7:268 mortality 10:500 population composition 12:364 population growth 12:380 population policies 12:382 social change 14:368 social mobility 14:433 Sundt, Eilert Lund 15:410 Birth trauma anxiety 1:358 Rank, Otto 13:314,315 Birthday problem (probability) fallacies, statistical 5:298 Births and Deaths Registration Act (1836) 16:341 Biserial correlation multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:540 Bismarck, Otto von 11:64 socialism 14:512 Bit information theory 7:332 Bittner, Egon personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:27 Bivariate beta distributions 4:227 Bivariate censorship 15:199 statistical analysis, special problems of; truncation and censorship 15:199 Bivariate distributions multivariate analysis 10:528, 537, 550 statistical method, history of 15:227 Bivariate frequency Galton, Francis 6:51 Bivariate normal distributions distributions, special continuous 4:228 multivariate analysis 10:528, 538 order statistics 11:188 Bivariate normal model multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:539 Bivariate Poisson distributions 4:223 Bivariate truncation statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:199
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
136
INDEX
Black Bourgeoisie (Frazier)
Black Bourgeoisie (Frazier) 5:553 Black markets monetary reform 10:454 trade and markets 16:120 white-collar crime 3:485 Black Muslims assimilation 1:440 Black power race relations 13:275 Black Reconstruction (DuBois) 4:305 Blackfoot Indians 7:192 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:358 Wissler, Clark 16:560 Blackshirts fascism 5:335 BLACKSTONE, WILLIAM 2:81-85 adjudication, domestic 1:44 administrative law 1:81 Beccaria 2:37 capital punishment 2:291 sovereignty 15:77 Blackwell, Henry R. perception, unconscious 11:577 Blacky Pictures test projective techniques 12:563 Blair, E. H. South and Southeast Asian historiography 6:426 Blake, Judith fertility 5:371 Blake, Robert R. conformity 3:256 Blake, William art and society 5:445 Blalock, Hubert M., Jr. power 12:410 survey analysis 15:417 Blanco case (France) administrative law 1:80 Blau, Peter M. engineering 5:73 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:371 Blauner, Robert death and bereavement 4:21 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:313 BLEULER, EUGEN 2:85-87 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:242 Rorschach, Hermann 13:557 schizophrenia 14:43
BLINDNESS 2:87-92 visual defects 16:337, 339 Bliss-Fisher method statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:192 BLOCK, MARC 2:92-95 Febvre, Lucien 5:348 history, social 6:458 Huizinga, Johan 6:533 Vidal de la Blache, Paul 16:317 war 16:463 Blocking (experimental design) 5:247, 251 Cosset, William Sealy 6:213 Blocking of accounts monetary reform 10:455 Blood brotherhood pseudo-kinship 8:409 Blood groups Fisher, R. A. 5:490 genetics, demography and population 6:106 physical anthropology 12:87 Blood pressure aggression 1:170 BLOOMFIELD, LEONARD 2:95-99 language and culture 9:20 linguistics 9:355 linguistics, historical 9:373, 374 Bios, Peter adolescence 1:89 Bloustein, Edward J. privacy 12:485 Blue-collar workers: see Industrial workers Blue Cross and Blue Shield medical care: economic aspects 10:102 Blum, Leon socialism 14:522 Blumer, Herbert attitudes 1:450 Blundell, James fertility control 5:386 BOAS, FRANZ 2:99-110 acculturation 1:21 anthropology 1:310 Bastian, Adolf 2:24 Benedict, Ruth 2:48 ethnology 5:179
Goldenweiser, Alexander A. 6:196 Hale, Horatio 6:307
Indians, North American 7:180, 197 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:455 linguistics 9:355 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:547 modern society, anthropological study of 1:331 Ogburn, William Fielding 11:278 race 13:266 Radin, Paul 13:302 stateless society 15:159 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:175, 176 Boasson, Charles international conflict resolution 7:507 Bobek, Hans geography, social 6:137, 140 Bockh, August social history 6:459 Bodhisattva Buddhism 2:171 Bodily Changes in Pain, Hunger, Fear and Rage (Cannon) 2:261 BODIN, JEAN 2:110-113 agriculture: history 1:220 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:321 periodization 11:582 public law, comparative 13:184 sovereignty 15:78 state 15:151 Suarez, Francisco 15:362 Body build Hooton, Earnest A. 6:512 Kretschmer, Ernst 8:451 psychology, constitutional 13:68, 69 Body changes parapsychology 11:389 BODY IMAGE 2:113-116 self concept 14:154 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:202 Body motion kinesics 8:379 Boeke, Julius H. economy, dual 4:496 fol. peasantry 11:505 BOGORAZ, VLADIMIR G., STERNBERG, LEV Y., AND JOCHELSON, VLADIMIR 2:116-119 Bogue, Donald population distribution 12:374
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
INDEX
Box, G. E. P.
social class, measurement of 15:320 Bohannan, Paul feud 5:389, 391 judicial process: comparative aspects 8:293 time: social organization 16:31 BOHM-BAWERK, EUGEN VON 2:119-124 capital 2:272, 273 Clark, John Bates 2:506 economic thought 4:459, 460 Fisher, Irving 5:479 industrialization: economic aspects 7:262 Jevons, William Stanley 8:257 Lexis, Wilhelm 9:274 Rae, John 13:306 utility 16:251 Wicksell, Knut 16:539 Boisguillebert, Pierre le Pesant de national income and product accounts 11:20 Bolingbroke, Lord balance of power 1:508 Bolivia literacy 9:413 population composition 12:367 South American society 15:65 Bolk, Louis Roheim, Geza 13:544 Bologna, University of 16:191 Bol'shaia sovetskaia entsiklopediia 7:322 Bolshevism Lenin 9:256, 258 Marxism 10:43 socialist thought 4:451 Soviet communism 3:102, 103, 105, 106 Trotsky, Leon 16:155 Bonaparte, Napoleon: see Napoleon I Bonds communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:148 consumer assets 3:342 debt, public 4:30 interest 7:483 capital movements, private international 8:27 liquidity preference 9:396 money: quantity theory 10:438 securities markets 14:140
Bondurant, Joan V. Indian political thought 7:178 Bonesana, Cesare: see Beccaria Bonferroni statistics linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:347 Bonhoeffer, Dietrich Protestant political thought 12:602 Boniface VIII canon law 2:265 Bonism Buddhism 2:175 Book credit 10:427 Book of Lord Shang, The (Shang Yang) 14:233 Booksellers literature, sociology of 9:422 Boolean algebra 10:72 Boomerang effect social psychology 14:469 Booms business cycles 2:229 BOOTH, CHARLES 2:124-126 social research 15:44 survey analysis 15:413 Borda, Charles de Condorcet 3:214 Bordarii manorial economy 9:564 Borderline psychosis psychosis 13:131 Boredom space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:89 Borel, Emile statistical method, history of 15:227 Borg, Walter R. leadership: psychological aspects 9:98 Borgatta, Edgar F. leadership: psychological aspects 9:97 BORING, EDWIN G. 2:126-128 Borrowing, Linguistic culture history 6:452, 454 linguistics, historical 9:379 speech community 9:382 BORTKIEWICZ, LADISLAUS VON 2:128-131 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:122 counted data 3:424 order statistics 11:183
137
BOSANQUET, BERNARD 2:131-134 general will 6:86 Lindsay, A. D. 9:309 Boss, Medard dreams 4:262 psychology, existential 13:82 Boss, Political: see Political boss Bott, Elizabeth friendship 6:15 Boudon, Raymond survey analysis 15:417 Bougie, Celestin caste, Indian 2:342 Boulding, Kenneth E. Clark, John Maurice 2:510 conflict: political aspects 3:227 systems analysis, international 15:483 Boumedienne, Houari socialism 14:528 Boundaries enclaves and exclaves 5:60 federalism 5:358 geography, political 6:117 Boundary systems analysis, political 15:474 systems analysis, psychological 15:487 Boundary maintenance society 14:583 Bounded rationality administrative behavior 1:77 Bourgeoisie art and society 5:445 evolution 5:208 Marx, Karl 10:36 modernization: role of the bourgeoisie 10:402 social class 15:300 Trotsky, Leon 16:156 Bourguiba, Habib socialism 14:528 Bowlby, John infancy: the effects of early experience 7:288 BOWLEY, ARTHUR LYON 2:134-137 sample surveys 13:595 BOWMAN, ISAIAH 2:137-138 Box, G. E. P. response surfaces 5:255 variances, statistical study of 16:299
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
138
Boycotts
Boycotts medical personnel: physicians 10:110, 112 Bozeman, Adda international relations 8:66 Bracton, Henri de constitutions and constitutionalism 3:321 sovereignty 15:78 Bradbury, Ray social science fiction 14:477 Bradley, F. H. Bosanquet, Bernard 2:132 Bradley, Ralph A. scaling 14:32 Bradshaw, Henry Pearson, Karl 11:497 Brahma Hinduism 6:360 Brahmanism Indian political thought 7:170, 172 Brahmans Asian society 1:420, 424 Buddhism 2:167 caste, Indian 2:339, 341 Hinduism 6:359, 362, 363 religious organization 13:428 Weber, Max 16:497 Braid, James hypnosis 7:33 Braidwood, Robert J. archeology: research methods 1:389 food-producing revolution 4:248 Brain 11:126, 130, 151 aging: psychological aspects 1:182, 183 Bell, Charles 2:47 Broca, Paul 2:154 evolution, human 5:217, 220 Flourens, Pierre 5:495, 496 gestalt theory 6:161 Hartley, David 6:325 infancy: the effects of early experience 7:287 Lashley, Karl S. 9:29, 30 learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:154 mental disorders 10:139, 166 motivation 10:508 pain 11:363 perceptual deprivation 11:554
INDEX personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:6, 10 schizophrenia 14:45 senses 14:175 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:212 sleep 14:314 social science fiction 14:480 vision 16:326, 328 Wiener, Norbert 16:546 Brain damage electroconvulsive shock 5:23 mental disorders: organic aspects 10:134 Brain stem 11:137 motivation 10:508 Brain stimulation 11:150 drives, psychological 4:279 emotion 5:39 ethology 5:192 learning 9:125, 143 motivation 10:510 psychology, physiological 13:62 Brain waves drives, physiological 4:278 learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:155, 157 Brainstorming group performance 6:292 privacy 12:483 BRAINWASHING 2:138-143 Chinese society 2:418 communication, mass 3:52 historiography, Chinese 6:406 internment and custody 8:143 psychological warfare 13:46 social science fiction 14:479 socialization, adult 14:558 Braly, Kenneth stereotypes 15:259 Bramel, Dana stress 15:345 Branch banking 1:515, 516 BRANDEIS, LOUIS DEMBITZ 2:143-145 Holmes, Oliver Wendell 6:492 Brandow, G. E. demand and supply: econometric studies 4:109 Brands advertising 1:108, 109 resale price maintenance 13:479
statistics as legal evidence 15:247, 249 Braunias, Karl electoral systems 5:12 Brave New World (Huxley) 9:435 Bray, J. F. economic thought 4:448 Brazil agriculture 1:250 assimilation 1:439 budgeting as a political process 2:192 famine 5:324 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:19 Latin American political movements 9:44 literacy 9:413 local government 9:456 Metraux, Alfred 10:262 migration: economic aspects 10:294, 295 paternalism 11:472, 474 population and area 12:377 population composition 12:367 prejudice 12:442 race relations 13:271 religious specialists: sociological study 13:451 rural society 13:581 sales and excise taxes 15:552 sex ratio 12:363 BRECHT, ARNOLD 2:145-148 Breeding eugenics 5:196 sexual behavior, animal 14:196 social behavior, animal: the regulation of animal populations 14:363 Breguet family Halevy, Elie 6:308 Brehier, Emile Levy-Bruhl, Lucien 9:264 Brehm, Jack W. thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:619 Brennan, William censorship 2:358 Brentano, Franz Husserl, Edmund 7:28 BRENTANO, LUJO 2:148-149
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Buchanan, William
INDEX BRESCIANI-TURRONI, CONSTANTINO 2:149-150 Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of (1918) communism, Soviet 3:105 Bretton Woods Conference: see Monetary and Financial Conference Breuer, Josef conflict: psychological aspects 3:220 Freud, Sigmund 6:1 psychoanalysis: therapeutic methods 13:31 psychosomatic illness 13:141 BREUIL, HENRI 2:150-153 Breve trattato (Serra) 14:193 Bride-wealth exchange and display 5:240 marriage: comparative analysis 10:13 Smith, William Robertson 14:333 sub-Saharan African society 1:146 trade and markets 16:121 Bridgman, Percy W. statistics 15:218 Briere de Boismont, Alexandre suicide: social aspects 15:378 Bright, James R. automation 1:480 Brightness: see Light BRINKMANN, CARL 2:153-154 Brinton, Crane Robinson, James Harvey 13:537, 538 British Broadcasting Corporation communication, mass: control and public policy 3:58 film (cinema) 5:431 television 3:65 British Committee on Broadcasting: see Pilkington Committee Report British Guiana-Venezuela boundary arbitration (1899) 1:50 British Press Council 8:271 British Secret Service intelligence, political and military 7:417 British West Indies migration: economic aspects 10:294 Broadbent, Donald E. attention 1:446 Broadcasting audiences 3:72
control and public policy 3:58, 60 regulation of industry 13:395 television 3:65, 69 BROCA, PAUL 2:154-155 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:148 Broca's area 2:154 Brody, Richard A. international relations 8:64 Bronfenbrenner, Urie mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:223 Bronner, Augusta F. delinquency: sociological aspects 4:81 Bronstein, Lev Davidovich: see Trotsky, Leon Bronze Age food-producing revolution 4:245 Nordenskiold, Erland 11:204 Brookings econometric model simulation: economic processes 14:271 Brookings Institution econometric models, aggregate 4:349 Brookmire, J. H. prediction and forecasting, economic 12:426 Brouwer, D. psychology, constitutional 13:74 Brouwer, L. E. J. Wertheimer, Max 16:524 Brown, E. H. Phelps utility 16:260 Brown, Judson S. drives, physiological 4:276 motivation, human 10:514 BROWN, RALPH H. 2:155-156 Brown, Roger W. mass phenomena 10:55 perception, social 11:572 stereotypes 15:260 Brown, T. M. simultaneous equation estimation 14:289 Brown, William H. budgeting as a political process 2:194 Brown-Mood procedure nonparametric statistics 11:181 Brown Shoe Co. v. United States 1:354
139
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) adjudication 1:44 constitutional law 3:299, 315 race relations 13:274 Brownlow Committee Merriam, Charles E. 10:258 Briicke, Ernst Wilhelm von 6:6 Brumberg, Richard consumption function 3:365 Bruner, Jerome attitudes 1:465 concept formation 3:210 Brunhes, Jean geography, social 6:137 Brunner, K. liquidity preference 9:400 BRUNSWIK, EGON 2:156-158 Biihler, Karl 2:201 Frenkel-Brunswik, Else 5:559 perception, person 11:561 perceptual development 11:539 BRUSEWITZ, AXEL 2:158-159 Brussels Sugar Convention commodity agreements, international 3:18 BRYCE, JAMES 2:159-161 Bagehot, Walter 1:502 Cooley, Charles H. 3:378 isolationism 8:218 political machines 12:249 political science 12:290, 295 public opinion 13:193 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:364 Brzezinski, Zbigniew K. authority 1:476 communism, international 3:129 Bubble Act (England 1720) 3:397 BUBER, MARTIN 2:161-163 Judaism 8:279 psychology, existential 13:79 sociology 15:15 Bubonic plague public health 13:166 Buccaneering Caribbean society 2:308 Buchanan, James M. sales and excise taxes 15:553 Buchanan, William rules of the game 13:574
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 bers. J I cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers
140
INDEX
Backer, Karl
BUCHER, KARL 2:163-165 specialization and exchange 15: 111 Buckskin and Blanket Days (Tibbies) 5:492 Bucy, P. C. sexual behavior, animal 14:199 Buddha 2:167, 171, 172 BUDDHISM 2:165-184 Asian society 1:427 Chinese historiography 6:400, 402 Chinese political thought 2:394 Hinduism 6:360 homelessness 6:496 Indian political thought 7:172 Japanese historiography 6:415 Japanese society 8:239 millenarism 10:357 monasticism 10:415, 417, 418 religious organization 13:429, 431, 435 South and Southeast Asian historiography 6:421, 422 see also Zen Buddhism Budget, Bureau of the (U.S.) budgeting as a political process 2:194, 195, 197 government budgeting 2:186 Budget equation Walros, Leon 16:448 Budgetary strategies 2:196 BUDGETING 2:184-199 GOVERNMENT BUDGETING 2: 184-192 BUDGETING AS A POLITICAL PROCESS 2:192-199
accounting 1:18 consumption levels and standards 3:339 utility 16:243 see also Government budgeting Buell, Bradley planning, welfare 12:149 Buffer states disengagement 4:211 Buffer stocks commodity agreements, international 3:18 Buffon, Comte Georges Louis Leclerc de Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:25 Buhler, Charlotte aging 1:177, 179
Buhler, Karl 2:199 developmental psychology 4:138 BUHLER, KARL 2:199-202 Kiilpe, Oswald 8:468 Building: see Construction Buildings architecture 1:393, 395, 396 see also Housing Built-in stabilizer unemployment insurance 16:187 Bukhari, alhistoriography, Islamic 6:410 Bukharin, Nikolai I. 3:106 social class 15:299 Bulgaria communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:152, 153 literacy 9:413 planning, economic 12:110, 114 population composition 12:367 sex ratio 12:363 Bullion controversy 8:12 Buriuel, Luis film (cinema) 5:429 BUONARROTI, FILIPPO 2:202-203 Buonarroti, Michelangelo: see Michelangelo BURCKHARDT, JACOB 2:203-206 history, social 6:456 Huizinga, Johan 6:533 Bureau of —: see under the latter part of the name, such as Budget, Bureau of the BUREAUCRACY 2:206-219 administrative behavior 1:75 administrative function 1:67 capitalism 2:299 centralization and decentralization 2:372, 373 Chinese society 2:410, 411, 419 civil service 2:499 communism, economic organization of 3:133 corporation 3:402 decision making: political aspects 4:60 economy and society 4:501 educational organization 4:528 educational systems 4:515 empires 5:41, 46, 48 industrialization 7:268 interest groups 7:488
international organization 8:42, 45 Japanese society 10:403 journalism 8:269, 270 leadership 9:103 mass society 10:60 monarchy 10:412 office, misuse of 11:272 organizations: methods of research 11:336, 339 organizations, theories of 11:298, 299, 301 physicians 10:108 police 12:176 political anthropology 12:200 political executive 12:231 presidential government 12:454 public administration 13:151 regional integration 7:525 religious organization 13:436 social class 15:303 social movements 14:448 Southeast Asia 1:424, 427, 428, 430 state 15:147 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:91 Trotsky, Leon 16:156 voluntary associations 16:371 Weber, Max 16:497, 500 BURGESS, ERNEST W. 2:219-221 assimilation 1:438 city 2:455 ecology, human 4:336 prediction 12:420 rent 13:459 Burglary 3:481 Burial mounds Petrie, W. M. Flinders 12:65 Pitt-Rivers, A. H. L.-F. 12:101 BURKE, EDMUND 2:221-226 Acton, J. E. E. D. 1:41 consensus 3:267 conservatism 3:294 natural law 11:85 representational behavior 13:475 state 15:153 Burke, Kenneth dramatism 7:450, 451 religion, sociology of 13:412 Burma agriculture 1:203, 204 foreign aid 5:523
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
CIA
historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:422, 425 literacy 9:413 neutralism and nonalignment 11:170 population and area 12:377 socialism 14:530 Southeast Asian society 1:423 Burns, A. L. systems analysis, international 15:482 Burns, Eveline M. planning, welfare 12:144 Burrow, Trigant psychotherapy, group 10:185 Burt, Cyril factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:276 Bushi feudalism 5:399 Bushmen sub-Saharan Africa 1:141 Business cartels and trade associations 2:320 corporation 3:401 economic thought 4:463 fol. inventory control theory 8:182 money: quantity theory 10:441 money: velocity of circulation 10:450 national income and product accounts 11:22, 28 national wealth: estimation 11:55 subsidies 15:365 taxation, property 15:546 Veblen, Thorstein 16:305, 306 workers 16:564 see also Business cycles; Business history; Business management; Corporation; Firm, Theory of the; Trade Business and Capitalism, (Gras) 6:476 BUSINESS CYCLES 2:226-249 GENERAL 2:226-245 MATHEMATICAL MODELS 2:245-249
Aftalion, Albert 1:155 community disorganization 3:167 econometrics 4:355 economic expectations 4:391 economic growth 4:397 economic thought 4:464
economics 4:481 employment and unemployment 5:54 Fisher, Irving 5:482 Hawtrey, R. G. 6:329 housing 6:522 income taxes, personal 15:531 innovation 7:343 installment credit 7:356, 358, 361 interest 7:474 international trade: terms of trade 8:106 inventory behavior 8:177, 178, 179 inventory control theory 8:182 Juglar, Clement 8:325 Keynes, John Maynard 8:370 mergers 10:252 Mitchell, Wesley C. 10:374, 376, 377 monetary policy 10:423 money: quantity theory 10:443 money: velocity of circulation 10:449 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:109 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:426, 427, 428, 431, 436 productivity 12:528, 533, 534 public expenditures 13:162 Robertson, Dennis Holme 13:530 Schumpeter, Joseph A. 14:68 securities markets 14:142 Spiethoff, Arthur 15:131 stagnation 15:137 statics and dynamics in economics 15:175 strikes 8:503 tariffs and protectionism 8:115 time series: cycles 16:71, 76 Tugan-Baranovskii, Mikhail I. 16:165 von Mises, Ludwig 16:380 Business Cycles: The Problem and Its Setting (Mitchell) 10:376 Business district comparative urban structure 2:467 Business history 6:474 corporation 3:396 Gras, N. S. B. 6:252 BUSINESS MANAGEMENT 2:249256 administrative behavior 1:66
141
advertising 1:106 budgeting 2:197 corporation 3:396 economic thought 4:465 entrepreneurship 5:89 industry, small 7:271 inventories 8:182 inventory behavior 8:177 investment 8:198 price control and rationing 12:469 unemployment insurance 16:188 Business psychology 7:222 business management 2:254 Busy period distributions distributions, special discrete 4:221 Butler, John M. client-centered counseling 10:181, 182 Butler, Pierce libraries 7:316 Butler, Samuel illness 7:91 Butterfield, Earl C. mental retardation 10:245 Buys Ballot's table time series: cycles 16:71 Byzantine Empire architecture 1:394 feudalism 5:400 social evolution 5:231
C CAB: see Civil Aeronautics Board CBD: see Central business district CCC: see Commodity Credit Corporation c.d.f.: see Cumulative distribution function CEMA: see Council for Mutual Economic Assistance CEMLA: see Center for Latin American Studies CER: see Conditioned emotional response C-fibers pain 11:361, 362 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:301 CGT: see Confederation Generale du Travail CIA: see Central Intelligence Agency
I CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
142 CIO:
INDEX
CIO
see Congress of Industrial Organizations COMECON: see Council for Mutual Economic Assistance CORE: see Congress of Racial Equality COS: see Charity Organization Society CPA: see Certified public accountant CPI: see California Psychological Inventory CPSU: see Communist Party (U.S.S.R.) CR: see Conditioned response CS: see Conditioned stimulus CSA: see Central Statistical Administration Cabala (Kabbala) Judaism 8:274 millenarism 10:358 Cabanis, Pierre Jean G. social research 15:40 Cabinet parliamentary government 11:421 Cabinet government: see Parliamentary government Cadastral surveys land: economic aspects 8:556 Cady, John F. Asian society 1:430 Caesarism dictatorship 4:161 Caesar's Column (Donnelly) 9:432 Cagan, Phillip inflation and deflation 7:296 money; velocity of circulation 10:451 pension funds 11:525 Caird, Edward Comte, Auguste 3:204 CAIRNES, JOHN ELLIOTT 2:257258 Calculating machines Babbage, Charles 1:491 computation 3:193 Calculation, Budgetary 2:193 Calculus 10:66 Calculus, Hedonistic: see Hedonistic calculus Calculus of variations 10:69 Calendars time: social organizations 16:35
Calhoun, John C. constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:302 natural rights 11:89 California culture area hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:17 Indians, North American 7:189 California Psychological Inventory personality inventories 12:38 Caliphate Islam 8:212 religious organization 13:430 CALVIN, JOHN 2:258-260 Protestant political thought 12:601 Calvinism Christianity 2:438, 440 Protestant political thought 12:601 Troeltsch, Ernst 16:153 Weber, Max 16:496 Cambium economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:434 Cambodia foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 neutralism and nonalignment 11:170 socialism 14:530 Southeast Asian society 1:423 Cambridge Anthropological Expedition (Torres Strait) Haddon, Alfred Cort 6:303 McDougall, William 9:503 Rivers, W. H. R. 13:526 Seligman, C. G. 14:159 Cambridge Modern History (Acton, ed.) 1:42 Cameron, Mary Owen social control 14:387 Cameron, Norman obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:243 paranoid reactions 11:384 Campaign funds political financing 12:239 Campaigns, Political political participation 12:261 Campbell, David P. vocational interest testing 16:347 Campbell, Donald T. attitude change 1:459
attitudes 1:456 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 12:46 personality inventories 12:42 personality measurement 12:36 quasi-experimental design 5:259 Campbell, J. D. social class, measurement of 15:318 Campbell, Joseph religion: anthropological study 13:401 Campbell Act (Great Britain 1857) censorship 2:358 Campesinos Middle American society 10:275 Camus, Albert civil disobedience 2:478, 486 political fiction 9:437 Canada adult education 1:102 advertising: economic aspects 1:107 Anglo-American society 1:289, 291 assimilation 1:440 budgeting as a political process 2:194 clinical psychology 2:516 code law systems 9:215 economic growth 4:397 employment and unemployment 5:51, 53 federalism 5:356, 358 foreign aid 5:524 geography, economic 6:124, 125 government statistics 6:233, 235, 238 housing 6:522 income distribution: functional share 7:136 industrial concentration 7:221 industrial disputes, settlement of 8:509 Innis, Harold Adams 7:338 judicial review 8:303 jurisprudence 8:337 labor unions 8:536 land: classification 8:562 local government 9:453 migration: economic aspects 10:294, 295 national wealth 11:58 oligopoly 11:284
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
Capital budget
INDEX patents 11:465 population composition 12:367 price history 12:476 rules of the game 13:575 sales and excise taxes 15:552 sex ratio 12:363 workmen's compensation 16:575 Cancellation of currency monetary reform 10:454 Cancer epidemiology 5:100 smoking 14:335 Cannabis: see Hashish; Marijuana Cannell, Charles F. interviewing: social research 8:153, 159 Cannibalism famine 5:322 CANNON, WALTER B. 2:260-262 drives, physiological 4:277 emotion 5:38 psychosomatic illness 13:138 systems analysis, political 15:473 Canoes Oceanian society 11:259 CANON LAW 2:262-269 Aquinas, Thomas 1:375 economic thought 4:431 Gerson, Jean de 6:155 Gierke, Otto von 6:179 Maitland, Frederic William 9:534 Canonical correlation multivariate analysis 10:535, 543, 551 statistical method, history of 15:230 CANTILLON, RICHARD 2:269-270 entrepreneurship 5:88 Smith, Adam 14:328 utility 16:238 Cantor, Georg 10:74 Cantril, Hadley errors, nonsampling 5:116, 117 CAPITAL 2:270-278 agricultural tenancy 8:568 agriculture 1:226, 229, 239, 258 banking 1:518 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:121, 123 budgeting as a political process 2:196 capitalism 2:295, 301 Carey, Henry C. 2:305
Cassel, Karl Gustav 2:331 Clark, John Bates 2:506 colonialism: economic aspects 3:7, 8 communism, economic organization of 3:136 conservation: economic aspects 3:283 cooperatives 3:391 corporation income taxes 15:541, 542 cost 3:408 Davidson, David 4:17 development banks 4:134 economic anthropology 4:362 economic growth 4:397, 408, 409, 411, 412 economics 4:476, 480 fiscal policy 5:467 Fisher, Irving 5:477 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:527, 528 Hume, David 6:549 income distribution 7:141, 142 industrialization 7:265 industry, small 7:271 innovation 7:339, 344 interest 7:471, 474 inventories 8:176 investment decision 8:194, 195 investment function, aggregate 8:187 Jevons, William Stanley 8:257 Knight, Frank H. 8:425 land: economic aspects 8:554 land reform 8:572 Longfield, Samuel Mountifort 9:473 migration: economic aspects 10:297 national income and product accounts 11:30 optimum population theory 12:359, 361 paternalism 11:474 patterns of trade 8:109 planning, development 12:121 production 12:514 productivity 12:524, 526, 529, 534 profit 12:547 Rae, John 13:306 rent 13:455 Ricardo, David 13:509 Senior, Nassau William 14:171
143
socialist economic thought 4:452 stagnation 15:138 sub-Saharan African society 1:147 technology 15:580 Capital, Cost of: see Cost of capital CAPITAL, HUMAN 2:278-287 agriculture 1:241 Gini, Corrado 6:190 industrialization: economic aspects 7:258 labor force 8:478 migration: economic aspects 10:297 national wealth 11:52 planning, development 12:120 planning, resource 12:141 political process 12:271 production 12:514 productivity 12:524, 529 technology 15:580 wages 16:406 Capital, Social 2:272 Clark, John Bates 2:506 export subsidies and dumping 8:124 nationalization 11:74 CAPITAL, SOCIAL OVERHEAD 2:287-290 agriculture: capital 1:230 economics 4:480 export subsidies and dumping 8:124 List, Friedrich 9:411 nationalization 11:74 planning, economic: development planning 12:120 public expenditures 13:159 Capital: A Critique of Political Economy (Marx) 10:35, 36 economic equilibrium 4:376 economic growth 4:409 economic thought 4:449 social class 15:298 Capital accounts national income and product accounts 11:29 Capital accumulation 2:272 interest 7:477 investment decision 8:194 investment function, aggregate 8:185 Capital budget budgeting: political aspects 2:196 fiscal policy 5:468, 469
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi(_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
144
INDEX
Capital formation
Capital formation communism, economic organization of 3:136 economic growth 4:409 inventory behavior 8:176 land reform 8:572 national income and product accounts 11:29, 30 optimum population theory 12:360 Thiinen, Johann Heinrich von 16:18 Walras, Leon 16:451 Capital gains corporation income taxes 15:539 income distribution 7:148 personal income taxes 15:534 Capital goods business cycles 2:237 economic growth 4:417 international trade: patterns of trade 8:111 investment 8:186 investment function, aggregate 8:187 production 12:514 Capital-income ratio 2:280, 281, 282 Capital-input ratio 2:273 Capital-labor ratio 7:141 productivity 12:531 Capital losses income taxes 15:535 Capital movements, Private international 8:27 exchange rates 8:11 Capital-output ratio 2:273 foreign aid 5:525 income distribution: functional share 7:143 industrialization 7:262 investment 8:188, 190 national wealth: estimation 11:57 population theories 12:355 CAPITAL PUNISHMENT 2:290-294 Beccaria 2:37 penology 11:514 CAPITALISM 2:294-302 agriculture 1:211 antitrust legislation 1:352 business history 6:475, 476 Clark, John Maurice 2:510 colonialism 3:8 competition 3:181
corporation 3:401, 402 economic growth 4:410 economic thought 4:449, 450, 463 fol. economics 4:478 economies of scale 4:491 economy, dual 4:496 economy and society 4:501 fascism 5:338, 341 imperialism 7:102, 103 laissez-faire 8:546, 548 Laski, Harold J. 9:31 legal system 9:60 Luxemburg, Rosa 9:496 Marxism 10:41 nationalization 11: 70 oligopoly 11:284 Pirenne, Henri 12:99 planning, development 12:118 poverty 12:401 public expenditures 13:159 Schumpeter, Joseph A. 14:70, 71 Smith, Adam 14:327 social class 15:298 fol., 301 socialism 14:510 Sombart, Werner 15:58 Southeast Asia 1:430 Tawney, R. H. 15:519 time: social organization 16:38 Troeltsch, Ernst 16:152 war 16:461 Weber, Max 16:496 Capitalism, Collective: see Collective capitalism Capitalism, Commercial: see Commercial capitalism Capitalism, Industrial: see Industrial capitalism Capitalism, Monopoly: see Monopoly capitalism Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy (Schumpeter) 14:70 Caplow, Theodore family 5:313 Cappon, Lester J. reference materials and books 7:320 Caproni, Gianni Douhet, Giulio 4:255 Captivity internment and custody 8:143 Carbon dating: see Radiocarbon dating
Cardinal index Pareto, Vilfredo 11:402 Cardinal utility 16:253 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:402 CARDOZO, BENJAMIN 2:302-304 adjudication, domestic 1:45 judicial administration 8:301 judicial process 8:296 judicial values 8:315 Careers and occupations: see Occupations and careers CAREY, HENRY C. 2:304-306 Cargo cults acculturation 1:23 nativism and revivalism 11:76 fol. CARIBBEAN SOCIETY 2:306-319 community disorganization 3:164 marriage 10:2, 16 slavery 14:311 societal analysis 14:569 Caritat, Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas: see Condorcet Carlsmith, James M. thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:620 Carlsmith, Judson thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:620 Carlson, Robert O. evaluation research 5:200 Carmichael, Leonard sensory and motor development 14:183 Carmichael, Stokely race relations: world perspectives 13:275 Carnap, Rudolf positivism 12:391, 393 Carnegie, Andrew foundations 5:543 Carnegie Corporation of New York foundations 5:545 Carolingian period bureaucracy 2:209 feudalism 5:395 Carpenter, C. R. social behavior, animal 14:344 CARR-SAUNDERS, A. M. 2:319-320 cooperatives 3:392 mental retardation 10:242 population growth 12:378 Carrera, Rafael caudillismo 2:348
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers. J
Cattell, James McKeen
INDEX Carrothers, Gerald A. P. geography, statistical 6:148 CARTELS AND TRADE ASSOCIATIONS 2:320-325 agriculture: price and income policies 1:250 antitrust legislation 1:351, 353 commodity agreements, international 3:18 export subsidies and dumping 8:121 music and society 10:572 oligopoly 11:284 see also Monopoly; Oligopoly Carter, Charles F. market analysis 9:570 Carter, Launor F. leadership: psychological aspects 9:93 Cartesian coordinate graph: see Rectilinear coordinate graph Cartesianism 4:129 Durkheim, Emile 4:313 interaction, social 7:429 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:411 Spinoza 15:135 CARTOGRAPHY 2:325-329 area 1:398 Baranskii, Nikolai N. 2:11 geography, cultural 6:131 geography, political 6:119 geography, statistical 6:146 graphic presentation 6:247 Ritter, Carl 13:518 Teleki, Pal 15:600 see also Maps Cartwright, Dorwin leadership: psychological aspects 9:94 Lewin, Kurt 9:267 Cartwright, Rosalind D. mental disorders, treatment of: client-centered counseling 10:182 CARVER, THOMAS NIXON 2:329330 Carving sub-Saharan Africa 1:146, 153 Casa dei Bambini Montessori, Maria 10:477 Case, Clarence M. social problems 14:454, 456
Case studies administration 1:67 administrative behavior 1:75 cohort analysis 2:550 decision making: political aspects 4:60 observation, social 11:232 organizations, theories of 11:301 public administration 13:150 public opinion 13:206 socialization, adult 14:556 socialization: anthropological aspects 14:546 statistics 15:213 Casework 14:499 Cash 1:518, 519 see also Money Cash balances money: quantity theory 10:437 Cash management business management 2:251 Cassel, John health 6:331 CASSEL, KARL GUSTAV 2:330-331 economic equilibrium 4:378 international trade 8:92 Wicksell, Knut 16:542 Cassinelli, C. W. Michels, Robert 10:269 CASSIRER, ERNST 2:331-333 adaptation, cultural 3:544 intellectual history 6:466 Kelsen, Hans 8:361 CASTE 2:333-344 CONCEPT OF CASTE 2:333-339 INDIAN CASTE SYSTEM 2:339-344
elites 5:26 food: consumption patterns 5:508 minorities 10:368 —: Indian Caste System 2:339, 333 Buddhism 2:167, 170, 183 constitutional law: civil rights 3:313 crafts 3:432 ethnic groups 5:169 Hinduism 6:358, 362, 364 incest 7:117 Indian political thought 7:172, 174, 176 Majumdar, D. N. 9:540 marriage: comparative analysis 10:11
145
marriage: family formation 10:6 minorities 10:365, 368 peasantry 11:506 segregation 14:145 social differentiation 14:407 social structure 14:486 South Asia 1:416, 417, 419, 421, 422 Southeast Asia 1:431, 433, 434 Ward, Lester F. 16:475 Castex, Raoul strategy 15:283 Castle, The (Kafka) 9:438 Castration mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:196 sexual behavior, animal 14:197 Castro, Fidel Caribbean society 2:318 Latin American political movements 9:45 Catalepsy Charcot, Jean Martin 2:385 Cataloguing information services 7:309 Cataracts aging 1:179 visual defects 16:339 Catatonia schizophrenia 14:44 Catechism of Political Economy (Say) 5:88 Categorical response methods (scaling) 14:34 Catharsis aggression 1:172 fantasy 5.-330 Catholic League Bodin, Jean 2:110 Catholic Legion of Decency communication, mass: control and public policy 3:60 Catholicism, Roman: see Roman Catholicism Cats drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:292, 293 CATTELL, JAMES McKEEN 2:344346 Galton, Francis 6:50 personality inventories 12:38 Woodworth, Robert S. 16:562
I CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 icate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers. J
146
Cattell, Raymond B.
Cattell, Raymond B. factor analysis 5:279, 285 leadership 9:92 leadership: psychological aspects 9:98 personality measurement: inventories 12:38 personality measurement: situational tests 12:50 Cattle domestication, animal 4:252, 253 sub-Saharan Africa 1:147 Cauchy, Augustin Louis 10:66 Cauchy distributions 4:226 time series 16:56 Caudill, William modern society, anthropological studies of 1:333 CAUDILLISMO 2:347-350 federalism 5:359 government 6:221 Causal inference 2:354 Causal gia pain 11:360 CAUSATION 2:350-356 Aristotle 1:408 experimental design 5:260 fallacies, statistical 5:299 Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:296, 297 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:349 history, philosophy of 6:430, 431 history, rhetoric of 6:374 Hobbes, Thomas 6:483 Kelsen, Hans 8:362, 363 magic 9:524 Montesquieu 10:469, 474 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:538 power 12:410 prediction 12:419 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:250, 252 reason analysis 13:338 science, philosophy of 14:89 scientific explanation 14:117, 120 Simmel, Georg 14:255 social structure 14:492 survey analysis 15:427 Westergaard, Harald 16:529 Cavan, Ruth suicide: social aspects 15:382 Cave art Breuil, Henri 2:152 domestication 4:248
INDEX Cayuga Indians 7:195 Cazes, Bernard planning, economic: Western Europe 12:106 Celibacy 2:434, 435 Cellarius, Christophorus periodi/ation 11:582 Cells color vision and color blindness 16:330 radiation 13:292 Censored data statistical analysis, special problems of 15:196 Censored sampling statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:196 Censoring axiom likelihood 9:300 CENSORSHIP 2:356-360 academic freedom 1:4 communication, mass 3:56, 58 consumer sovereignty 3:334 intellectuals 7:404 public relations 13:214 social science fiction 14:477 Censorship, Type I statistical analysis, special problems of 15:197 Censorship, Type II statistical analysis, special problems of 15:197 Censorship and truncation: see Truncation and censorship CENSUS 2:360-365 commutation 16:142 economic data: China4:373 errors, nonsampling 5:121 government statistics 6:230 industry, small 7:272 interviewing: social research 8:149 labor force 8:471 life tables 9:295 national wealth: distribution 11:60 neighborhood 11:122 population 2:342, 343 population composition 12:363, 367 population distribution 12:371 reference materials and books 7:324 sample surveys 13:595
social research 15:39, 41, 45 statistical method, history of 15:226 statistics as legal evidence 15:247 Willcox, Walter F. 16:554 Census, Bureau of the (U.S.) errors, nonsampling 5:121 government statistics 6:234, 236, 237, 238 labor force 8:471 public relations 13:211 survey analysis: applications in economics 15:430, 432 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:84, 85, 86 Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences 2:44 Center for Latin American Studies international monetary economics: monetary organization 8:23 Center for the Study of Mass Culture leisure 9:253 Centers, Richard social class 15:312 social class, measurement of 15:317 Gentiles psychometrics 13:111 statistics, descriptive 15:237 Central America 10:272 hunting and gathering 7:19 see also Middle American society Central banking: see Banking, Central Central business district rent 13:459 Central city city 2:456, 457,461 local finance 9:450 Central function central place 2:366 Central Intelligence Agency (U.S.) 7:415, 417, 420 Central limit theorems distributions, approximations to 4:233 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:24 probability, formal 12:494, 496 Central nervous system aging 1:179 drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:293 mental disorders: biological aspects 10:141
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~] [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
INDEX
Chao I
mental disorders: organic aspects 10:133 fol. mental retardation 10:236 nervous system 11:126, 132 pain 11:361 reaction time 13:332 simulation: individual behavior 14:265 CENTRAL PLACE 2:365-370 city 2:449, 451 Middle American society 10:278 population distribution 12:375 regional science 13:384 Central Statistical Administration economic data: the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe 4.370, 371 Central tendency statistics, descriptive 15:233 Centralization 2:370 central place 2:368 Chinese society 2:418 city 2:467, 469 collective bargaining 8:500 constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:304 economics of defense 4:490 empires 5:42 government 6:219, 221 government statistics 6:233 Japanese society 8:237 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:529 local finance 9:446, 447, 450 military policy 10:322 organizational intelligence 11:325 political anthropology 12:200 regional integration 7:523 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:91 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:376 CENTRALIZATION AND DECENTRALIZATION 2:370-379 city 2:456 communism, economic organization of 3:132 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:155 communism, Soviet 3:108 decision making: political aspects 4:59 economic data 4:371 educational systems 4:514 federalism 5:355, 357
planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:114 socialist economic thought 4:453 see also Centralization; Decentralization Centrifugal control senses: central mechanisms 14:180 Centro Latino Americano de Pesquisas em Ciencias Sociais area studies 1:406 Centrography geography, statistical 6:147 Centroid method factor analysis 5:277, 281 Cerebellum nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:139 Cerebral cortex 11:133, 141 drives, physiological 4:278 drives, psychological 4:278 emotion 5:39 gestalt theory 6:161 homeostasis 6:500 learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:154 psychology, physiological 13:63, 65 sensory and motor development 14:182 sexual behavior, animal 14:199 sleep 14:314 taste and smell 15:515 Ceremonies: see Ritual Cerletti, Ugo mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:203 Certification clinical psychology 2:516 licensing, occupational 9:283 Certified public accountant 1:20 Ceteris paribus (economics) Marshall, Alfred 10:26 Ceylon agriculture 1:204, 207 Buddhism 2:173, 183 foreign aid 5:523 historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:421, 425 literacy 9:413 mortality 10:501 population composition 12:367 sex ratio 12:363 socialism 14:530 South Asian society 1:412
147
Cezanne, Paul style 15:357 Chaco Indians Nordenskiold, Erland 11:203 Chadwick, Edwin public health 13:167 social research 15:43 Chain index index numbers: theoretical aspects 7:156 Chain stores internal trade 7:495, 496 Chamberlain, Basil Hall Japanese society 8:248 Chamberlain, Houston Stewart national socialism 11:49 Chamberlain, Joseph Ashley, William James 1:411 Chamberlin, Edward H. Clark, John Maurice 2:509 competition 3:184 firm, theory of the 5:456, 458 oligopoly 11:286, 287 profit 12:549 specialization and exchange 15:113 Chambers, S. Paul fallacies, statistical 5:293 Champernowne, D. J. size distributions in economics 14:296 Chan Chan urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:214 Chanakya: see Kautilya Chance Cournot, Antoine Augustin 3:428 probability 12:487, 503 statistical method, history of 15:225 Chancellor universities 16:191 Chandragupta Kautilya 8:354 Chang Hsiieh-ch'eng historiography, Chinese 6:401 Change, Attitude: see Attitude change Change, Culture: see Culture change Change, Social: see Social change Channels communication, political: international aspects 3:97 Chao I historiography, Chinese 6:401
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148
INDEX
Chapin, Francis S.
Chapin, Francis S. social class, measurement of 15:321 Chapman, Douglas G. goodness of fit 6:204, 206 Chapman, Dwight H. social psychology 14:466 Chapman, H. H. conservation: political and social aspects 3:275 Chappie, Eliot D. anthropology, applied 1:325 personality appraisal 8:167 Character: see Personality; Traits Character, National: see National character Character and Logical Method of Political Economy, The (Cairnes) 2:257 Character development: see Moral development CHARACTER DISORDERS 2:379-384 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:87 hysteria 7:49 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:244 psychopathic personality 13:118 Characteristic functions Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:23 probability, formal 12:495 Charbonneau, Louis social science fiction 14:478 CHARCOT, JEAN MARTIN 2:384386 Freud, Sigmund 6:1 hypnosis 7:34 Janet, Pierre 8:234 neurosis 11:162 psychosomatic illness 13:140 CHARISMA 2:386-390 authority 1:474 Buber, Martin 2:162 dictatorship 4:166 educational organization 4:527 ideology 7:69 leadership 9:104 legitimacy 9:247 organizations 11:298 political executive 12:230 professions 12:538 religion, sociology of 13:409
religious specialists: anthropological study 13:438, 442 sects and cults 14:132 social movements 14:442 sociological thought 15:35 Weber, Max 16:499 Charity monasticism 10:417 see also Philanthropy; Welfare state Charity Organisation Society Bosanquet, Bernard 2:132 Charlatanism psychology, applied 13:85 Charlemagne war 16:456, 457 Charles, Enid social class, measurement of 15:320 Charter of Amiens (1905) socialism 14:515 Charts graphic presentation 6:243, 246, 248 Chautauqua Institution 1:101 Chavin civilization urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:208, 211, 212 Chayanov, A. V. peasantry 11:507 Cheatham, Elliot conflict of laws 3:251 Cheating achievement testing 1:36 moral development 10:484, 485 Chebyshev, Pafnuti L'vovich Bienayme, Jules 2:73 Chebyshev inequality: see BienaymeChebyshev inequality Checks banking 1:514 money: general 10:429 Checks and balances government 6:224 Chemical senses: see Taste and smell Chemistry systems analysis: general systems theory 15:452 Ch'en Liang Chinese political thought 2:406 Chenery, Hollis B. investment 8:191
spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:104 Chernoff, Herman decision theory 4:65 goodness of fit 6:204 Cherokee Indians 7:196 Chesneaux, Jean Southeast Asian society 1:427 Chess problem solving 12:509 Cheyenne Indians 7:192, 193 food: consumption patterns 5:510 judicial behavior 8:308 judicial process 8:292 property 12:591 Chi-square, Minimum normit quantal response 13:239 Chi-square distributions 4:224, 225, 227, 228 Pearson, Karl 11:500 statistical method, history of 15:227 Chi-square distributions, Noncentral: see Noncentral chi-square distributions Chi-square statistic counted data 3:419 distributions, approximations to 4:235 Lexis, Wilhelm9:273 significance, tests of 14:242 Chi-square test, Composite goodness of fit 6:204 Chi-square test, Power of counted data 3:421 goodness of fit 6:202 Chi-square test, Unbiasedness of goodness of fit 6:202 Chi-square tests counted data 3:419, 426 distributions, approximations to 4:231 goodness of fit 6:201, 204 significance, tests of 14:243 see also Goodness of fit Chi-square theorem counted data 3:420 Chiang Kai-shek Chinese society 2:415, 422 Chicago, Illinois assimilation 1:439 markets and industries 9:580
F CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Children
INDEX mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222 Merriam, Charles E. 10:255 Chicago, University of adult education 1:101 Cole, Fay-Cooper 2:554 delinquency: sociological aspects of 4:82 mental disorders: epidemiology 10:152 planning, regional and urban 12:134 Redfield, Robert 13:350 Chicago Institute of Psychoanalysis Alexander, Franz 1:263 Chicago School (political science and sociology) Booth, Charles 2:125 government 6:215 Key, V. O., Jr. 8:366 Redfield, Robert 13:350 Chicago World's Fair (1893) Boas, Franz 2:100 Chichen Itza Tozzer, Alfred M. 16:117 Vaillant, George C. 16:277 Chickasaw Indians 7:196 Chiefdom African society 1:145, 153 Caribbean society 2:307 Indians, North American 7:188, 191,196 stateless society 15:165 war 16:469 Chikafusa, Kitabatake historiography, Japanese 6:416 Child, Irvin L. aesthetics 1:121 anthropology 1:312 conflict 3:225 ethnology 5:183 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:43 socialization: anthropological aspects 15:547 Child Buyer, The (Hersey) 14:479 Child development Abraham, Karl 1:2 achievement motivation 1:31 anxiety 1:361 Claparede, Edouard 2:502 communication, mass 3:77, 87 concept formation 3:208
consensus 3:264 creativity 3:440 death and bereavement 4:23 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:88 depressive disorders 4:125 developmental psychology 4:136, 140 educational psychology 4:537 family: comparative structure 5:303 family: disorganization and dissolution 5:319 fantasy 5:331, 332 Ferenczi, Sandor 5:368 Gessell, Arnold L. 6:157 Hall, G. Stanley 6:312 humor 7:4 identity, psychosocial 7:62, 63 individual differences 7:205 infancy 7:274 intellectual development 7:387 fol. Klein, Melanie 8:416 Kris, Ernst 8:453 language development 9:9 learning in children 9:177 life cycle 9:286 mental disorders, childhood 10:156 mental retardation 10:236 fol., 240 moral development 10:484, 487, 492, 493 neurosis 11:163 obesity 11:230 personality development 11:607 fol., 613 phobias 12:81, 82 psychiatry 12:611 psychometrics 13:109 reading disabilities 13:333 Roheim, Geza 13:545 schizophrenia 14:45, 47 self concept 14:154 sensory and motor development 14:183 sex differences 7:210 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:211 sexual deviation: social aspects 14:216 socialization, adult 14:557 socialization, political 14:553
149
socialization: psychological aspects 14:536 Stern, William 15:262 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:400 sympathy and empathy 15:446 systems analysis, psychological 15:490, 492
Terman, Lewis M. 15:601 time: psychological aspects 16:28 transfer learning 9:170 see also Children Child guidance psychiatry 12:616, 618 Child-parent relationship: see Parentchild relationship Child psychiatry 12:613 Binet, Alfred 2:76 clinical psychology 2:514 Hall, G. Stanley 6:312 Child rearing family: comparative structure 5:302 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222 national character 11:16 socialization: anthropological aspects 14: 549 socialization: psychological aspects 14:538 Child welfare adoption 1:97 Childbearing population policies 12:384 CHILDE, V. GORDON 2:390-394 city: forms and functions 2:448, 449 culture 3:556 food-producing revolution 4:246 social Darwinism 14:405 urban revolution 16:201, 207, 220 Childhood life cycle 9:286, 288 Children adoption 1:96 food: world problems 5:504 income distribution: size 7:146 labor force: participation 8:477, 480 Locke, John 9:469 marriage: comparative analysis 10:9 population composition 12:365, 368
^CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
150
INDEX
Chile
probation and parole 11:519 psychiatry, child 12:614 Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:566 social mobility 14:429 visual defects 16:339 see also Adolescence; Infancy; and headings beginning Child— Chile caudillismo 2:348 crude death rate 4:402 housing 6:522 hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:19 labor force 4:403 Latin American political movements 9:45 literacy 9:413 mortality 10:500 patents 11:462 population composition 12:367 religious specialists: sociological study 13:451 sales and excise taxes 15:552 school enrollment 4:402 sex ratio 12:363 South American society 15:65 Chimpanzees evolution, human 5:218, 219 Kohler, Wolfgang 8:440 social behavior, animal 14:348, 354 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:87 Chimu civilization urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:214 Ch'in dynasty Chinese political thought 2:402 Chinese society 2:410 China: see Chinese society Chinese (people) assimilation 1:441, 442 attitudes 1:455, 456 delinquency 4:77 historiography, Japanese 6:415 Middle American society 10:275 CHINESE POLITICAL THOUGHT 2:294-408 communism, national 3:116 historiography, Chinese 6:406 Shang Yang 14:233 Chinese Revolution (1911) 2:414
CHINESE SOCIETY 2:408-425 adoption 1:98 Buddhism 2:166, 175, 183 bureaucracy 2:207 drug addiction 4:299 education and society 4:522 educational organization 4:527 empires 5:47 evolution, social 5:231 family 5:310 famine 5:322, 323, 324 food: consumption patterns 5:511 Granet, Marcel 6:242 historiography 6:400, 415 Islam 8:204 Japanese society 8:239 marriage 10:2, 3, 7 office, misuse of 11:273 pastoralism 11:459 philanthropy 12:73 political thought 2:394 population growth 12:378 population theories 12:350 propaganda 12:580 societal analysis 14:568 time: social organization 16:32 urban revolution 16:206 Weber, Max 16:497 —: Communist China (1949—) academic freedom 1:8 agriculture: comparative technology 1:206 alliances 1:269 brainwashing 2:138, 139, 142 capitalism 2:301 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:140, 141, 143, 144, 145 communism, international 3:121, 123, 125, 127, 130 communism, national 3:114, 115, 116 communism, Soviet 3:111 drama 4:257 economic data 4:373 engineering 5:72, 74 famine 5:325 foreign aid 5:522 government statistics 6:237 historiography, Chinese 6:406 ideology and the social system 7:82
international politics 8:55 international relations 8:74 isolationism 8:220 limited war 9:304, 306 literacy 9:416 local government 9:456 marriage: family formation 10:4 neutralism and nonalignment 11:168, 170 peasantry 11:509 population growth 12:377 refugees: world problems 13:365 revolution 13:506 state: the institution 15:147 universities 16:197 Ch'ing dynasty Chinese political thought 2:406 Chinese society 2:411 Chinook Indians 7:186 Chinoy, Ely consumer behavior 3:352 Chiricahua Indians 7:191 cultural integration 7:378 Chivalry feudalism 5:397 Choctaw Indians 7:196 Choice anxiety 1:361 collective behavior 2:557 consumer sovereignty 3:327, 332 freedom 5:556 literature: political fiction 9:438 reference groups 13:356 utility 16:253 see also Consumer choice; Decision making Choice-of-law rules conflict of laws 3:246 Chombart de Lauwe, Paul H. geography, social 6:140 Chomsky, Noam anthropology 1:312 intellectual development 7:396 language, psychology of 9:7 linguistics 9:356, 357 Choral music 10:570 Chou dynasty Chinese political thought 2:395, 397 Chinese society 2:409, 410 historiography, Chinese 6:400 Christaller, Walter central place 2:365
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"j |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Circular distributions
INDEX Christian, John J. infancy: the effects of early experience 7:286 Christian Democracy Latin American political movements 9:45 Christian Democratic parties South American society 15:66 Christian Democratic Party (Italy) fascism 5:339 Christian Liberty (Luther) 9:495 Christian Scholar in the Age of the Reformation (Harbison) 6:386 Christian Social Party (Austria) 14:522 Christian Socialism socialist economic thought 4:446 Christian trade unions labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:524 CHRISTIANITY 2:425-447 alienation 1:264 analytical psychology 1:279 anti-Semitism 1:346 Augustine 1:468 capital punishment 2:290 censorship 2:356 Chinese society 2:414 civil disobedience 2:475 death and bereavement 4:20 equality as an ideal 5:109 family 5:314 Halevy, Elie 6:309 homelessness 6:496 international relations: ideological aspects 8:70 Islam 8:205 legitimacy 9:244 Locke, John 9:468 medical care: social aspects 10:96 millenarism 10:357 National Socialism 11:46, 49 natural law 11:82 pacifism 11:353, 355 Paine, Thomas 11:365 philanthropy 12:73 political theory: trends and goals 12:323 professions 12:537, 539 propaganda 12:580 religious organization 13:429, 430, 432, 435
religious specialists: sociological study 13:445, 451 sects and cults 14:130 slavery 14:311 state 15:151 theology, primitive 15:605 Troeltsch, Ernst 16:152, 154 Weber, Max 16:496 see also Eastern Orthodox Church; Protestantism; Roman Catholicism; and individual religious sects, such as Methodist Church Christians Islamic countries 11:94, 95 Christy, Henry Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:170 Chromatic colors color vision and color blindness 16:332 Chromatic contrast color vision and color blindness 16:334 Chromosomes genetics and behavior 6:97, 98 sexual behavior: animal sexual behavior 14:196 Chronicles historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:421, 422, 423 Chrysanthemum and the Sword, The (Benedict) 2:50 Chu Hsi Chinese political thought 2:404 Chinese society 2:412 historiography, Chinese 6:401 Chuang Tzu Chinese political thought 2:401 Chulalongkorn (king) Southeast Asia 1:430 Chuprov, Aleksandr Anderson, Oskar Nikolayevich 1:285 statistical method, history of 15:227 Church Christianity 2:430 music and society 10:571 Protestant political thought 12:599 religious organization 13:434 sects and cults 14:130, 134 social movements 14:449 Troeltsch, Ernst 16:152
151
voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:362 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:363, 364, 366 welfare state 16:512 see also Religion; and individual religious sects such as Methodist Church Church and state Acton, J. E. E. D. 1:40 Anglo-American society 1:293 Augustine 1:468, 469 Buddhism 2:174, 177 bureaucracy 2:209 Calvin, John 2:258 canon law 2:265, 266, 267 censorship 2:357 Christianity 2:430, 444 Figgis, John Neville 5:424 government 6:222 Hinduism 6:363 Marsilius of Padua 10:33 Middle American society 10:274, 284 monarchy 10:413 North Africa 1:134 Ockham, William of 11:269 Protestant political thought 12:601 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:443 religious specialists: sociological study 13:448 society 14:579 Church architecture 2:434 Church attendance 13:422, 426 Church councils 2:262 Church of England canon law 2:267 religious observance 13:423, 424 religious organization 13:430, 433 Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints: see Mormons Churchill, Winston conservatism 3:293 leadership: political aspects 9:109 Chushingura (Japanese play) 4:257 Cicero civil disobedience 2:477 legitimacy 9:245 natural law 11:82 Cinema: see Film (cinema) Circular distributions goodness of fit 6:203
I CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
152
Circular normal distributions
Circular normal distributions 4:225 Circular response Follett, Mary Parker 5:501 Circular test index numbers: theoretical aspects 7:156 Circulation geography, social 6:142 Circumcision Islam 8:214 Judaism 8:275 Ciriacy-Wantrup, Siegfried von conservation 3:286 water resources 16:402 Citadel city: forms and functions 2:449, 452 Citizens' Research Foundation political financing 12:237 Citizenship evaluation research 5:198 political justice 12:246 social class 15:303 stratification, social 15:328 CITY 2:447-473 FORMS AND FUNCTIONS 2:447-455 THE MODERN CITY 2:455-459 METROPOLITAN GOVERNMENT 2:459-466 COMPARATIVE URBAN STRUCTURE 2:466-473
architecture 1:394, 396 Booth, Charles 2:124 central place 2:366 commutation 16:141, 142, 143 conservation: political and social aspects 3:271 creativity 3:447 delinquency 4:77 diffusion of innovations 4:175 ecology, human 4:336 fertility 5:379 Fustel de Coulanges, Numa Denis 6:44 Geddes, Patrick 6:82 geography, cultural 6:130, 133 geography, economic 6:126 integration, social 7:385 Islamic countries 11:91 land: economic aspects 8:555 local finance 9:450 local government 9:451, 457, 458
mass society 10:58 Middle American society 10:278 modernization: social aspects 10:390 neighborhood 11:122 North Africa 1:126 Park, Robert E. 11:418 Pirenne, Henri 12:99 planning, regional and urban 12:129, 130 police 12:179 political machines 12:250, 251 population composition 12:364, 366 population distribution 12:371, 372, 374 population policies 12:383 property taxes 15:548 religious observance 13:425 rent 13:457, 458 segregation 14:146 size distributions in economics 14:297 smoking 14:337 South American society 15:66 Southeast Asia 1:424, 433 stratification, social 15:327 style 15:355 sub-Saharan Africa 1:149, 151 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:13 transportation: social aspects 16:132 urban revolution 16:202 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:360 wages 16:412 welfare state 16:519 see also Metropolitan government; and headings beginning Urban— City government: see Metropolitan government City of God (concept) Christianity 2:433 legitimacy 9:246 City of God, The (St. Augustine) 1:468 economic thought 4:432 political theory: trends and goals 12:323 City planning: see Urban planning City-state architecture 1:394 Italy 15:485
INDEX state 15:154 urban revolution 16:205 war 16:456 see also Polis Civil Aeronautics Board administrative law 1:81 regulation of industry 13:394 CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE 2:473-487 community disorganization 3:167 freedom 5:555 Hobbes, Thomas 6:485 Indian political thought 7:177, 178 Civil Disobedience (Thoreau) 2:478 Civil law administrative law 1:80 antitrust legislation 1:351 code law 9:214 community-society continua 3:176 comparative law 9:205, 208 criminal law 3:497, 498, 499, 500 human rights 6:540 judicial process 8:288 judicial values 8:319 jury 8:300 legislation 9:230 privacy 12:486 see also Code law; Roman law Civil legitimacy 9:245 Civil liberties Anglo-American society 1:297 Cardozo, Benjamin 2:304 civil disobedience 2:476 constitutional law 3:307 dictatorship 4:161 freedom 5:556, 557 human rights 6:541 see also Civil rights CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS 2:487495 feudalism 5:399, 401 foreign policy 5:534 militarism 10:301, 302 military 10:305, 306 military policy 10:323 national security 11:42 Civil rights constitutional law 3:312 human rights 6:544 ideology and the social system 7:82 race relations: world perspectives 13:274 social control 14:388
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS i |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Classical School (economics)
social movements 14:445 see also Civil liberties Civil Rights Act (U.S. 1875) 3:315 Civil Rights Act (U.S. 1964) 3:316 CIVIL SERVICE 2:495-501 Brecht, Arnold 2:145 bureaucracy 2:211, 213 government 6:224 historiography, Chinese 6:402 interest groups 7:488 international organization: administration 8:43 office, misuse of 11:276 police 12:180 public administration 13:153 societies, small 14:575 wages 16:405 Civil Service Commission 3:13, 16 Civil society natural rights 11:87 Civil war 7:499; 16:458, 463 limited war 9:304 see also Internal warfare Civil War (China) 2:415 Civil War (England) 15:255 Civil War (Spain) 5:289 Civil War (U.S.) 3:229; 16:458, 459 Civilization Redfield, Robert 13:352 Spengler, Oswald 15:129 sub-Saharan Africa 1:139 urban revolution 16:201, 207, 218 war 16:456 Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy (Burckhardt) 2:204; 6:456 Clairvoyance 11:386, 394 Clans Chinese political thought 2:395 Chinese society 2:411, 422 descent groups 8:403 food: consumption patterns 5:508 Swanton, John Reed 15:439 CLAPAREDE, EDOUARD 2:501-502 emotion 5:36 CLAPHAM, JOHN HAROLD 2:502504 economic history 6:468, 473 Clapham sect Thornton, Henry 16:14 Clark, Burton R. adult education 1:104 educational organization 4:530, 531
Clark, Colin geography, statistical 6:148 CLARK, JOHN BATES 2:504-508 Clark, John Maurice 2:508 economic thought 4:456 production 12:511 wages 16:399 CLARK, JOHN MAURICE 2:508-511 competition 3:184 economic thought 4:464 inventory behavior 8:177 Clark, Kenneth E. vocational interest testing 16:348 Clark, Paul G. spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:104 Clark, Samuel D. Anglo-American society 1:291, 292, 297 Clarke, A. D. mental retardation 10:242 Clarke, A. M. mental retardation 10:242 Clarkson, Geoffrey P. E. simulation, individual behavior 14:263 Class, Social see: Social class Class consciousness economic thought, socialist 4:450 Japanese society 8:246 Lukacs, Gyorgy 9:490 Marxism 10:43 social class 15:299, 301, 303, 312 state 15:149 voting 16:392 workers 16:571 Class struggle economic thought 4:449, 450, 463 literature: political fiction 9:432 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:508 Marxist sociology 10:47, 48, 50 revolution 13:506 social class 15:300, 301 Stein, Lorenz von 15:258 syndicalism 15:448 Classic stage urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:214 Classical conditioning 9:126 anxiety 1:359, 364 attention 1:445 avoidance learning 9:151 Bekhterev, Vladimir M. 2:46
153
concept formation 3:207 discrimination learning 9:144 drives, acquired 4:284 Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:297 imitation 7:96 infancy 7:280 instrumental learning 9:135 intellectual development 7:395 learning 9:115, 125 learning in children 9:178 learning theory 9:194 motivation 10:513, 516 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:153 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:482 psychiatry 12:612 reinforcement 9:136 time: psychological aspects 15:26 verbal learning 9:161 Watson, John B. 16:486 see also Conditioning Classical psychophysical methods psychophysics 13:121 Classical School (economics) Bresciani-Turroni, Constantino 2:149 Cairnes, John Elliott 2:257 capital movements, private international 8:29 Durkheim, Emile 4:312 economic equilibrium 4:376 economic growth 4:409 economics 4:482 Hume, David 6:548 income and employment theory 7:128,130 international trade 8:85, 91 inventory control theory 8:184 Keynes, John Maynard 8:369 laissez-faire 8:546 liberalism 9:278 List, Friedrich 9:411 McCulloch, John Ramsay 9:501 mercantilist thought 4:441 Mill, John Stuart 10:344 Pigou, Arthur Cecil 12:96 profit 12:548 rent 13:454 Ricardo, David 13:508, 510 Senior, Nassau William 14:171 Smith, Adam 14:326 stagnation 15:137
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
154
INDEX
Classification
statics and dynamics in economics 15:169 utility 16:239 wages 16:398 Classification archeology 1:382 clustering 2:519 culture area 3:565 developmental psychology 4:143 geography, economic 6:125, 126 government statistics 6:231 Graunt, John 6:253 historiography 6:387 information storage and retrieval 7:302 land 8:556 mental disorders: epidemiology 10:150 multivariate analysis: classification and discrimination 10:553 psychiatry 12:610 science, philosophy of 14:86 screening and selection 14:123 typologies 16:178 see also Taxonomy Classificatory scales: see Nominal scales Claude, Inis functionalism and functional integration 7:535 CLAUSEWITZ, KARL VON 2:511513 limited war 9:302 Richardson, Lewis Fry 13:516 strategy 15:283 Claustrophobia 12:82, 84 Clayton Act (U.S. 1914) antitrust legislation 1:354 competition 3:186 Clearing houses information services 7:307, 308 Cleometrics history and the social sciences 6:438 Clergy (ministers) bureaucracy 2:209 Christianity 2:434 Marsilius of Padua 10:33 professions 12:537, 539 psychiatry: the religio-psychiatric movement 12:633 religion: psychological study 13:415
religious organization 13:428, 430, 435 religious specialists: sociological study 13:444 fol. South American society 15:68 Client-centered counseling 10:178 Client-therapist relations: see Therapist-patient relations Climate environment 5:92 Huntington, Ellsworth 7:26 land; classification 8:557 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:81 Clinical psychiatry mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:205 CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2:513-518 advertising 1:112 aesthetics 1:117 counseling psychology 3:415 fantasy 5:328 mental disorders, treatment of: psychological treatment 10:172 propaganda 12:584 psychiatry 12:607 psychology, applied 13:92 typologies 16:184 vocational rehabilitation 16:351, 353 Clinical research mental disorders, treatment of 10:176, 177, 181 vocational rehabilitation 16:353 Clinics psychiatry, child 12:619 psychiatry: the religio-psychiatric movement 12:636 Cliques coalitions 2:530 economy and society 4:502 friendship 6:15 social class 15:319 Close estimation Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:25 Closed marriage systems 10:11 Closed mindedness systems analysis, psychological 15:488, 489 Closed shop labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:528
Closure ecology 4:334, 335 Cloyd, Jerry S. groups: role structure 6:287 Clubs: see Political clubs; Voluntary associations Cluster sampling sample surveys 13:605 CLUSTERING 2:519-524 geography, statistical 6:149 sample surveys 13:605 science, philosophy of 14:85 statistics 15:214 typologies 16:178 Coal conservation: economic aspects 3:280 Jevons, William Stanley 8:256 Coal Question, The (Jevons) 8:256 conservation 3-. 280 COALITIONS 2:524-534 THE STUDY OF COALITIONS 2:524-
529 COALITION FORMATION 2:529-534
business management 2:250 economic equilibrium 4:383 foreign aid: political aspects 5:514 game theory: theoretical aspects 6:65 government 6:225 parliamentary government 11:422 parties, political 11:444 race relations: social psychological aspects 13:280 systems analysis, international 15:482 Coarse grouping statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:195 Coase, R. H. external economies and diseconomies 5:269 Cobb-Douglas function corporation income taxes 15:543 production and cost analysis 12:519, 520, 522 Cobden-Chevalier Treaty (1860) trade agreements 8:129 Cocaine drug addiction 4:290 Cochlear nerve 11:136
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Cohen, Reuben
Cochran, William G. errors, nonsampling 5:125 experiments, design of 5:249 goodness of fit 6:202 Cochrane, Donald errors in statistical assumptions 5:136 time series: general 16:55 Code de Commerce (1807) corporation 3:398 Code de la Famille population policies 12:384 Code law capital punishment 2:290 code law systems 9:214 common law systems 9:211 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:318 legislation 9:230 see also Civil law Code Napoleon 9:215, 216 Codes communication models and signaling behavior 3:36 linguistics 9:366 time budgets 16:45 Codetermination labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:527 Coding consumer research 9:573 content analysis 3:375 cybernetics 4:4 statistics, descriptive 15:233 time budgets 16:44 CODRINGTON, R. H. 2:534-536 Coedes, George historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:426 Coefficients of consistency psychometrics 13:103 Coefficients of correlation Gallon, Francis 6:51 Cosset, William Sealy 6:212 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:546, 547 order statistics 11:188 Pearson, Karl 11:500 probability, formal 12:493 ranking methods 11:200 statistical analysis: truncation and censorship 15:200
statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:186 statistics, descriptive 15:240 survey analysis 15:413 Coefficients of equivalence achievement testing 1:38 Coefficients of internal consistency achievement testing 1:38 Coefficients of regression errors, nonsampling 5:122 linear hypotheses: regression 9:317, 319 multivariate analysis 10:542 Coefficients of reliability achievement testing 1:38 psychometrics 13:103, 107 Coefficients of stability achievement testing 1:38 psychometrics 13:103 Coefficients of validity achievement testing 1:39 aptitude testing 1:373 Coefficients of variation sample surveys 13:601 statistics, descriptive 15:239 variances, statistical study of 16:294 Coercion economic warfare 4:470 international conflict resolution 7:513 law, sociology of 9:51, 52 military power potential 10:326 peace 11:494 sanctions 14:2 social control 14:389 social control 14:397, 398 stateless society 15:157 Cofer, Charles N. language, psychology of 9:2, 5 motivation, human 10:514 Coffee commodity agreements 3:19 Middle American society 10:279 Coffin, Thomas E. suggestion 15:373 Coghill, G. E. brain, evolutionary and behavioral aspects of the 11.126 Coghlan, Timothy national income and product accounts 11:21
155
Cognition adolescence 1:90 attitudes 1:451 avoidance learning 9:153 culture and personality 3:561 emotion 5:36 humor 7:2 intellectual development 7:387, 397 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:426 interviewing: social research 8:152 perceptual deprivation 11:554 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:42 sex differences 7:209 Stout, G. F. 15:281 stress 15:341 thinking 15:615 Cognitive dissonance attitudes 1:463 field theory 5:415 motivation 10:513 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:615, 620 COGNITIVE THEORY 2:536-540 attitudes 1:461 Biihler, Karl 2:200 developmental psychology 4:142 field theory 5:409, 414 intellectual development 7:387, 397 learning theory 9:191, 196 mental retardation 10:228, 229, 234 reasoning and logic 13:346 suggestion 15:374 systems analysis, psychological 15:491, 492, 494 technology 15:586 thinking 15:608 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:615 Cohen, Albert K. class culture 15:335 crime 3:472 delinquency 4:90 Cohen, Felix S. judicial behavior 8:308 Cohen, Larry R. sex differences 7:210 COHEN, MORRIS R. 2:540-542 Cohen, Reuben errors, nonsampling 5:119
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
156
INDEX
Cohen, Ronald
Cohen, Ronald conflict: anthropological aspects 3:239 Cohen, Yehudi A. friendship 6:13 incest 7:118 Coherence probability: interpretations 12:500, 502 COHESION, SOCIAL 2:542-546 access to politics 1:11 Benini, Rodolfo 2:52 cooperation 3:388 feudalism 5:395, 398 field theory 5:412 friendship 6:13 group behavior 6:270 group performance 6:289, 290 human relations in industry 7:241 organizations: methods of research 11:336 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:281 sanctions 14:2 societies, small 14:574 survey analysis 15:427 tribal society 16:149 COHORT ANALYSIS 2:546-550 epidemiology 5:100 fertility 5:373 genetics, demography and population 6:106 Korosy, Jozsef 8:446 life tables 9:297 mental disorders, treatment of: the therapeutic community 10:212 nuptiality 11:225 population 12:346 Sundt, Eilert Lund 15:410 Coitus interruptus fertility control 5:383 population 12:344 COKE, EDWARD 2:550-552 adjudication, domestic 1:44 Blackstone, William 2:83 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:322 Mcllwain, Charles H. 9:512 COKER, FRANCIS W. 2:552-553 Colbert, Jean Baptiste mercantilist thought 4:438 social research 15:38
Cold War foreign aid: political aspects 5:514 global integration 7:531, 532 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:38 liberalism 9:282 limited war 9:306 space, outer: political and legal aspects 15:82 war 16:460 Cole, Arthur H. business history 6:477 entrepreneurship 5:89 COLE, FAY-COOPER 2:553-554 COLE, G. D. H. 2:554-556 socialist thought 4:449 Coleman, James S. (political scientist) authority 1:476 systems analysis, political 15:475 Coleman, James S. (sociologist) educational organization 4:532 friendship 6:15 simulation: political processes 14:276 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor literature, psychology of 9:426 Collective agreements: see Labor agreements Collective bargaining 8:491 agriculture: labor 1:240 Europe 8:523, 525 fascism 5:341 fringe benefits 16:425 industrial disputes, settlement of 8:506, 509 inflation and deflation 7:297 labor force: hours of work 8:488 simulation: political processes 14:276 strikes 8:504 United States 8:534 welfare state 16:516 COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR 2:556-565 cooperation 3:384 delinquency 4:78 deviant behavior 4:151 disasters 4:202 fashion 5:344 generations, political 6:92 interaction, social 7:438 interaction, symbolic 7:444 mass phenomena 10:54
nativism and revivalism 11:77 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:405 Park, Robert E. 11:418 public opinion 13:191 religion: anthropological study 13:402 social control 14:385 social movements 14:445, 447 Collective capitalism 4:465 Collective consciousness Durkheim, Emile 4:314 psychiatry 12:609 social control 14:382 Collective farms agriculture: production 1:225 communism, economic organization of 3:132, 140, 141 land reform 8:573 COLLECTIVE SECURITY 2:565-567 alliances 1:270 balance of power 1: 508 global integration 7:531 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:37 international politics 8:59 Moore, John Bassett 10:482 national security 11:42 Collective unconscious analytical psychology 1:276 dreams 4:262 Collective wants Viti de Marco, Antonio de 16:344 Collectivism Barone, Enrico 2:18 Chinese society 2:420 communism, economic organization of agriculture 3:140, 141, 142, 144 Dicey, Albert Venn 4:160 Lippmann, Walter 9:393 peasantry 11:505 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:111 see also Collective farms Collectivity-orientation-self-orientation: see Self-orientationcollectivity-orientation Colleges 16:193 academic freedom 1:4 population composition 12:369 securities holdings 14:140
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
Commodity Credit Corporation (U.S.)
INDEX social control: organizational aspects 14:401 see also Universities Collier, John modern society, anthropological study of 1:337 Collingwood, R. G. history, philosophy of 6:430 Collins, Hunt social science fiction 14:478 Collins, Sydney assimilation 1:439 Colloquium heptaplomeres (Bodin) 2:112 Colm, Gerhard economic thought 4:465 Colombia literacy 9:413 national wealth 11:58 South American society 15:65 Colombo Conference (1954) neutralism and nonalignment 11:170 COLONIALISM 3:1-12 POLITICAL ASPECTS 3:1-6 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 3:6-12
assimilation 1:440 Buddhism 2:182 Caribbean society 2:306, 309 caudillisrno 2:347 centralization and decentralization 2:375 economic history 6:470 Fanon, Frantz 5:326 foreign aid: political aspects 5:518 government statistics 6:232 historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:426 imperialism 7:101, 103 international integration: economic unions 7:527 international politics 8:58 local government 9:457 Middle American society 10:273 nation 11:12 North Africa 1:125, 138 race relations: world perspectives 13:270, 273 segregation 14:145 social movements 14:450 South American society 15:69 Southeast Asia 1:428
sub-Saharan Africa 1:152 technical assistance 15:567 technology and international relations 15:593 Torrens, Robert 16:105 trusteeship 16:160, 162 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:362 Wakefield, Edward Gibbon 16:434 war 16:463 see also Imperialism Color blindness 16:329, 324 genetics and behavior 6:99 visual defects 16:338 Color contrast: see Chromatic contrast Color vision 16:329 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:347 Hering, Ewald 6:351 infancy 7:277 McDougall, William 9:503 Miiller, Georg Elias 10:524 perception 11:529, 550 phenomenology 12:71 stimulation drives 15:267 vision 16:324 visual defects 16:338 Colson, Elizabeth conflict 3:239 Comanche Indians 7:192 Combinations and permutations probability, formal 12:490 Cominform 3:122 Comintern (Third International) communism, international 3:120, 123, 128 socialism 14:517, 518 Comity conflict of laws 3:249 Commens alism ecology 4:331 ecology, human 4:329 Commentaries on the Laws of England (Blackstone) 2:82, 83, 84 adjudication, domestic 1:44 Commerce: see Business; Trade Commerce. Department of (U.S.) prediction and forecasting, economic 12:430 Commercial banks 1:520 Commercial capitalism 2:295 Commission on Freedom of the Press communication, mass 3:44, 57, 61
157
Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government (Hoover Commission) delegation of powers 4:73 COMMISSIONS, GOVERNMENT 3:12-18 administration 1:61 administrative law 1:79 financial intermediaries 5:437 regulation of industry 13:390 Commitment psychiatry, forensic 12:630 Committee on Economic Security aging 1:198 Committee on Human Resources (U.S.) military psychology 10:337 Committee on Information from NonSelf-Governing Territories (U.N.) 16:161 Committee on Land Utilisation in Rural Areas (Great Britain) 8:558 Committee on Ministers' Powers (Great Britain) delegation of powers 4:73 Committee on Political Education (AFL-CIO) 8:539 Committee on Public Information (U.S.) public relations 13:211 Committee on World Area Research of the Social Science Research Council: see Bennett Report Committees of Correspondence voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:367 Commodities commodity agreements, international 3:18 economic equilibrium 4:378, 384, 386 money 10:431 COMMODITY AGREEMENTS, INTERNATIONAL 3:18-22 export subsidies and dumping 8:121 international trade agreements 8:135 Commodity Credit Corporation (U.S.) export subsidies and dumping 8:122 state trading 8:137
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. J
758
INDEX
Commodity trading
Commodity trading speculation, hedging, and arbitrage 15:117 Common land agriculture 1:217, 218 Common law 9:211 adjudication, domestic 1:44 administrative law 1:80 Blackstone, William 2:82, 83 code law systems 9:214 Coke, Edward 2:551 comparative law 9:205, 208 criminal law 3:497, 499, 501 Holmes, Oliver Wendell 6:491 human rights 6:540 judicial discretion 8:320 law, sociology of 9:56 legislation: nature and functions 9:230 Maitland, Frederic William 9:534 privacy 12:484 Common Law, The (Holmes) 6:491 constitutional law 3:298 Common-law marriage 10:2 Common Law Tradition, The (Llewellyn) 1:48 Common Market, Central American international integration: regional integration 7:528 Middle American society 10:284 Common Market, European: see European Economic Community Common markets international integration: economic unions 7:542 Common Sense (Paine) 11:365 COMMONS, JOHN R. 3:22-24 economic thought 4:464 entrepreneurship 5:89 labor movement, theories of the 8:519 reference materials and books 7:320 Comment, Victor Breuil, Henri 2:151 Commonwealth of Oceana, The (Harrington) 6:323 Communality factor analysis: psychological applications 5:281 Communes (China) 2:421 communism, economic organization of 3:142, 143 local government 9:456
Communes (France) local government 9:455 Communes (U.S.S.R.) communism, Soviet 3:103 COMMUNICATION 3:24-29 advertising research 1:114 attitude change 1:459 Buber, Martin 2:162 capital, social overhead 2:287 conferences 3:216 content analysis 3:371 Cooley, Charles H. 3:381 cybernetics 4:4 decision making: political aspects 4:59 diffusion of innovations 4:176, 177 ethical issues in the social sciences 5:164
external economies and diseconomies 5:273 field theory 5:412 group behavior 6:271, 273 group performance 6:291 historiography 6:370 fol., 373, 381 humor 7:4 hysteria 7:48, 50, 51 information storage and retrieval 7:303 information theory 7:331 integration, social 7:383 interaction, social 7:439 international organization: administration 8:44 interpersonal influence 4:178 interviewing: social research 8:155 kinesics 8:379 knowledge, sociology of 8:432 language and culture 9:19 libraries 7:314 linguistics 9:368 literature, the sociology of 9:419 music and society 10:566 nation 11:12 parapsychology 11:396 perception, social 11:572 propaganda 12:579 psychology, applied 13:89 reference materials and books 7:324 ritual 13:523 rumor 13:576 fol. rural society 13:584 science, sociology of 14:98
sexual behavior: social aspects 14:203 social control: organizational aspects 14:401 social psychology 14:464, 468 socialization, political 14:552 statistics 15:217 status, social 15:255 suicide: psychological aspects (2) 15:393 transportation: social aspects 16:129 COMMUNICATION, ANIMAL 3:2940 SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS 3:29-33 COMMUNICATION MODELS AND SIGNALING BEHAVIOR 3:33-40
ethology 5:189 social behavior, animal 14:343, 359 Communication, Interpersonal communication 3:24 field theory 5:412 interpersonal influence 4:178 interviewing, therapeutic 8:171 fol. kinesics 8:382 mental disorders, treatment of 10:174, 180, 185 schizophrenia 14:47 speech community 9:383 suicide: psychological aspects (2) 15:390 COMMUNICATION, MASS 3:40-90 THE STUDY OF MASS COMMUNICATION 3:41-55 CONTROL AND PUBLIC POLICY 3:55-63 TELEVISION AND ITS PLACE IN MASS CULTURE 3:63-70 AUDIENCES 3:70-81 EFFECTS 3:81-90
advertising: economic aspects 1:107, 109 censorship 2:359 communication, political 3:94, 97 content analysis 3:372 delinquency 4:79 educational systems 4:512 film (cinema) 5:426 Hovland, Carl I. 6:528
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings: SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Communist Party (U.S.S.R.)
interpersonal influence 4:179, 181 Islamic countries 11:99 modernization: social aspects 10:391 music and society 10:573 panel studies 11:376 persuasion 12:55 fol. political sociology 12:302 propaganda 12:585 psychological warfare 13:48, 49 public opinion 13:194 religious observance 13:425 rural society 13:584 socialization: psychological aspects 14:543 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:92 systems analysis, social 15:467 Tarde, Gabriel 15:511 totalitarianism 16:109 see also Journalism; Newspapers; Radio; Television Communication, Nonlexical: see Kinesics COMMUNICATION, POLITICAL 3:90-102 INTRODUCTION 3:90-96 INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS 3:96-102
attitude change 1:461 attitudes 1:454 diffusion: interpersonal influence 4:182 federalism 5:357 foreign policy 5: 533 international politics 8:57 international relations: psychological aspects 8:80 lobbying 9:443 local politics 9:462 parties, political 11:434 political behavior 12:208 public opinion 13:188 public relations 13:210 representational behavior 13:478 rumor 13:579 technology and international relations 15:591 Communication, Scientific 14:112 bibliographic issues in the social sciences 7:326
conferences 3:216 interpersonal influence 4:180 Communication theory: see Information theory COMMUNISM 3:102-132 SOVIET COMMUNISM 3:102-112 NATIONAL COMMUNISM 3:112-119 THE INTERNATIONAL MOVEMENT
3:119-126 THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM 3:126-132
academic freedom 1:7,8 agriculture: social organization 1:214 brainwashing 2:138 Buddhism 2:183 capitalism 2:298, 299 Chinese society 2:415, 416, 417 Christianity 2:444 civil-military relations 2:492 containment 3:369 democracy 4:114 dictatorship 4:164 economic thought 4:430, 451 Engels, Friedrich 5:65 equality 5:106 fascism 5:339 government 6:219, 226 Halevy, Elie 6:310 imperialism 7:102 international relations: ideological aspects 8:73 internment and custody 8:142 labor unions 8:516, 520, 524 Latin American political movements 9:46 legal systems: socialist legal systems—Soviet law 9:217 Lenin 9:258 limited war 9:306 local government 9:456 Marx, Karl 10:35 Marxism 10:42, 43 nation 11:9 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:26 philanthropy 12:76 planning, development 12:119 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:109 Plato 12:162
159
public opinion 13:196 radicalism 13:298 revolution 13:506 social movements 14:439 socialism 14:517, 531 status, social 15:255 systems analysis, international 15:483 totalitarianism 16:108 COMMUNISM, ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION OF 3:132-156 OVERVIEW 3:132-139 AGRICULTURE 3:139-146 PUBLIC FINANCE 3:146-151 INTERNATIONAL TRADE 3:151-156
economic data: the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe 4:370 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:110 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:109 socialist economic thought 4:447, 451 value, labor theory of 16:279 Communist Information Bureau: see Cominform Communist International: see Comintern Communist Manifesto (Marx and Engels) Engels, Friedrich 5:66 knowledge, sociology of 8:429 Marx, Karl 10:36 Marxism 10:41, 42 socialism 14:507, 508 Communist Party (Australia) 3:125 Communist Party (China) Chinese society 2:415, 421, 422 communication, mass 3:52 Communist Party (India) 3:125 Communist Party (Italy) 3:125 Communist Party (Rumania) 3:114 Communist Party (U.S.S.R.) 3:105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 126 bureaucracy 2:212 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:57 local government 9:456 Marxism 10:44 socialism 14:517
I CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers. I
160
Community
COMMUNITY 3:156-174 THE STUDY OF COMMUNITY POWER
3:157-163 COMMUNITY DISORGANIZATION 3:163-169 COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT
3:169-174 anthropology, applied 1:325 Caribbean society 2:316 community-society continua 3:174 commutation 16:141, 142 ecology, human 4:329, 331 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:426 environment 5:92 general will 6:86 geography, political 6:117 Green, T. H. 6:255 historiography, African 6:395 history and the social sciences 6:439 homelessness 6:495 homosexuality 14:231 housing: social aspects 6:518 Islamic countries 11:90 Judaism 8:278 judicial discretion 8:321 local government 9:451 local politics 9:460, 462 loyalty 9:485 mass society 10:58, 61 mental disorders: epidemiology 10:150 mental disorders, treatment of: the therapeutic community 10:208 Middle American society 10:280 modern society, anthropological studies of 1:331 natural rights 11:87 neighborhood 11:121 observation, social 11:232 pastoralism 11:453 police 12:178 political anthropology 12:193 political opinion 13:200 pollution 12:339 population distribution 12:374 power 12:408 psychiatry 12:612 social class 15:311, 317, 323 socialism 14:507 society 14:584
INDEX stratification, social 15:294 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:220 utopianism 16:271 village 16:318 fol. voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:375 Community and Society (Tonnies) 10:47
Community development 3:169 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:423 economy, dual 4:499 food-producing revolution 4:249 integration, regional 7:524 Israel 11:104 planning, regional and urban 12:133 planning, welfare 12:150 social work 14:499, 501 urban revolution 16:202 Community Press in An Urban Setting, The (Janowitz) 3:52 COMMUNITY-SOCIETY CONTINUA 3:174-180 agriculture: social organization 1:208 industrialization: social aspects 7:269 rural society 13:583 society 14:581 systems analysis, social 15:461, 463 Communocracy government 6:225 Commutation 16:140 housing: social aspects 6:519 Commutative justice 8:344 Smith, Adam 14:325 Compadrazgo pseudo-kinship 8:410 Company town local politics 9:460 Comparative advantage international trade 8:85 Ricardo, David 13:509, 510 specialization and exchange 15:113, 114 Comparative Ethnographical Studies (Nordenskiold) 11:203 Comparative government Bryce, James 2:160 see also Politics, Comparative
Comparative history Bloch, Marc 2:94 Comparative law 9:59, 60, 204 conflict of laws 3:252 Gierke, Otto von 6:177 judicial process 8:291 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:531 Maitland, Frederic William 9:534 public law, comparative 13:183 Comparative method acculturation 1:23 anthropology 1:339, 310 anthropology, cultural 1:314, 316 area studies 1:404 culture history 6:449 evolution, cultural 5:227 intellectual history 6:466 kinship 8:396 linguistics 9:359 mental disorders, treatment of: psychological treatment 10:173 national security 11:43 observation, social 11:236 political behavior 12:210 psychology, comparative 13:50 public law, comparative 13:183 religion: anthropological study 13:398 social institutions: comparative study 14:421 societal analysis 14:564, 567 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:173, 174 value systems 16:288 Westermarck, Edward 16:530 Comparative politics: see Politics, Comparative Comparative psychology 13:50 communication, animal: social and psychological analysis 3:29 ethology 5:186 imprinting 7:109 instinct 7:370 Morgan, Conwy Lloyd 10:495 psychology, physiological 13:61 sexual behavior, animal 14:194,342 Comparative response methods scaling 14:34 Comparative statics economic equilibrium 4:378, 380, 386 Marshall, Alfred 10:27 statics and dynamics in economics 15:170
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Computation
Comparative trials counted data 3:422 Compensating variation welfare economics 16:508 Compensation: see Employee compensation; Wages; Workmen's compensation Compensation principle welfare economics 16:505 COMPETITION 3:181-186 advertising: economic aspects 1:108 antitrust legislation 1:352, 355 Barone, Enrico 2:16 capitalism 2:296 cartels and trade associations 2:320, 321, 324 Clark, John Bates 2:505, 506 Clark, John Maurice 2:509 collective behavior 2:557, 558 community disorganization 3:164 conflict: political aspects 3:227 cooperation 3:388, 389 corporation 3:401 discrimination, economic 4:208 discrimination, social 4:210 economics 4:483 elasticity 4:544 external economies and diseconomies 5:268 field theory 5:412 film (cinema) 5:431 financial intermediaries 5:435 foreign aid 5:515, 517 gambling 6:57 group performance 6:290 industrial concentration 7:220 internal trade 7:496 international integration: economic unions 7:545 international trade 8:91 international trade controls 8:113, 127 Japanese society 8:245 labor force: markets and mobility 8:482 markets and industries 9:576 Marshall, Alfred 10:31 mergers 10:250 monopoly 10:457 nationalization 11:71 oligopoly 11:283 parliamentary government 11:423
parties, political 11:437, 443, 445 patents 11:466 planning, welfare 12:151 political anthropology 12:196 political culture 12:223 price control and rationing 12:465 pricing policies 12:457, 461 production and cost analysis 12:521 productivity 12:532, 533 profit 12:551 psychology, comparative 13:58 race relations 13:281 regulation of industry 13:394 resale price maintenance 13:480, 481 Simons, Henry C. 14:261 spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:104 spatial economics: the partial equilibrium approach 15:96, 97 teaching 15:562 transportation 16:132 wages 16:406 war 16:454 see also Imperfect competition; Monopolistic competition; Perfect competition; Pure competition Competitive coexistence communism, international 3:122 Competitive equilibrium competition 3:184 economic equilibrium 4:380, 384 Competitive existence theorem Wald, Abraham 16:437 Competitive goods utility 16:252, 253 Compiler computation 3:199 Complementary colors color vision 16:334 Complementary goods utility 16:252, 253 Complementary opposition stateless society 15:159, 160 Complete classes decision theory 4:65 multivariate analysis: classification and discrimination 10:555 Complete ordering mathematics 10:71 Completion test Ebbinghaus, Hermann 4:327
161
Complex variable, Functions of a 10:69 Complexes analytical psychology 1:278 Jung, Carl Gustav 8:327 Component (archeol.) culture history 6:451 COMPONENTIAL ANALYSIS 3:186192 culture 3:537 ethnomedicine 10:91 kinship 8:396 language and culture 9:21 linguistics 9:356 Components of mixture distributions, statistical: mixtures of distributions 4:235 Composite distribution distributions, statistical: mixtures of distributions 4:240 Composite hypotheses goodness of fit 6:199, 204, 205 hypothesis testing 7:41, 43 sequential analysis 14:191 Compound distributions: see Mixtures of distributions Compound family family: comparative structure 5:304 Compound interest 7:471 Compound normal distributions: see Mixed normal distributions Compound Poisson distributions: see Poisson-Poisson distributions Compromise negotiation 11:120 Compulsions character disorders 2:380 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:241 see also Obsessive-compulsive disorders Compulsory arbitration industrial disputes, settlement of 8:508 labor movements in Europe 8:530 Compulsory jurisdiction adjudication 1:53 COMPUTATION 3:192-201 clustering 2:521 input-output analysis 7:352 nonsampling errors 5:128 programming 12:554, 558, 559
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
1 62
INDEX
Computer programming
simulation: individual behavior 14:262 simultaneous equation estimation 14:290 statistics 15:222 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:84 Computer programming: see Programming, Computer Computer Simulation of Thinking (Hovland) 6:529 Computers administrative behavior 1:78 automation 1:481 Babbage, Charles 1:491 business management 2:255 computation 3:193 concept formation 3:209 consumer research 9:573 cybernetics 4:4 econometrics 4:355 family: comparative structure 5:307 government statistics 6:238 Hovland, Carl I. 6:529 information services 7:310 information storage and retrieval 7:302, 303 libraries 7:316 market analysis 9:570 operations research 11:291 problem solving 12:508 programming 12:553 public administration 13:151 random numbers 13:311 reasoning and logic 13:347 simulation: economic processes 14:269, 270 simulation: individual behavior 14:262 simulation: political processes 14:274 fol. survey analysis 15:414, 418 systems analysis, international 15:484 thinking 15:613 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:84 see also Computation COMTE, AUGUSTE 3:201-206 Duguit, Leon 4:307 Durkheim, Emile 4:313
generations 6:88 Giddings, Franklin H. 6:175 periodization 11:583 positivism 12:389 religion, sociology of 13:407 Scheler, Max 14:40 social change 14:367 society 14:584, 579 sociology 15:6 Spencer, Herbert 15:122 utilitarianism 16:233 Ward, Lester F. 16:474 Verstehen 16:310 Conant, James Anglo-American society 1:296 Concentration, Industrial: see Industrial concentration Concentration camps internment and custody 8:142, 143, 146 national socialism 11:46, 49 Concentration curves graphic presentation 6:247 industrial concentration 7:218, 219 statistics, descriptive 15:239 see also Lorenz curve Concentration indexes industrial concentration 7:218 Concentration ratio industrial concentration 7:218 CONCEPT FORMATION 3:206-211 anthropology, cultural 1:315 Cooley, Charles H. 3:379 developmental psychology 4:140 Hovland, Carl I. 6:529 intellectual development 7:394 interaction, symbolic 7:442 language development 9:10 learning 9:120 learning in children 9:180 learning theory 9:196 reasoning and logic 13:345 science, philosophy of 14:85 simulation: individual behavior 14:268 systems analysis, psychological 15:489 thinking 15:609,611 transfer learning 9:170, 172 Wiener, Norbert 16:547 Conceptual Framework of Psychology, The (Brunswik) 2:157
Conciliarism constitutions and constitutionalism 3:321 Gerson, Jean de 6:155 Conciliation industrial disputes, settlement of 8:507,509 Concordance, Coefficient of ranking methods 11:199 Concordantia discordantium canonum (Gratian) 2:263 Concrete parallelism Fechner, Gustav Theodor 5:352 Concreteness-abstractness systems analysis, psychological 15:489 Concussion nervous system: electroencephalography 11:160 Condensation psychoanalysis 13:6 CONDILLAC, ETIENNE BONNOT DE 3:211-213 Condorcet 3:213 Condition of the Working Class in England (Engels) 5:65 Conditional probability probability, formal 12:489 Conditionality distributions, statistical 4:237 likelihood 9:300 Conditioned emotional response avoidance learning 9:152 electroconvulsive shock 5:22 Conditioned reflex Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:482 Conditioned response 9:115 anxiety 1:359 classical conditioning 9:127 Conditioned stimulus anxiety 1:359 classical conditioning 9:127, 128 learning 9:115, 123 Conditioning brainwashing 2:141 classical conditioning 9:127 drives, psychological 4:279 electroconvulsive shock 5:22, 24 geography, political 6:119 imprinting 7:113 intellectual development 7:394 learning 9:115
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Conflict
INDEX mental disorders, treatment of: behavior therapy 10:190 fol. models, mathematical 10:381, 384 pain 11:359 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:482 perception, unconscious 11:578 psychology, physiological 13:64 suggestion 15:373 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:403 time: psychological aspects 15:26, 28 see also Classical conditioning; Instrumental learning Condom fertility control 5:383 Condon, Richard social science fiction 14:479 CONDORCET 3:213-215 history, social 6:456 periodization 11:583 social research 15:39 statistical method, history of 15:226 Conductance statistical analysis, special problems of 15:190 Cones (physiology) 16:324 color vision and color blindness 16:330, 331 Confederation constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:301 federalism 5:354 legitimacy 9:245 Confederation Generale du Travail 1:131 CONFERENCES 3:215-220 Confessions brainwashing 2:138 Confessions (Rousseau) 13:563 fol. Confessions, The (St. Augustine) 1:468 Confidence box linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:337 Confidence coefficient estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:150 statistical analysis, special problems of 15:198 Confidence intervals 5:150, 154 analysis of variance 9:328 counted data 3:418
decision theory 4:65 errors, nonsampling 5:120 errors in statistical assumptions 5:133, 137 fiducial inference 5:404 goodness of fit 6:203 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:25 likelihood 9:300 multiple comparisons 9:337 nonparametric statistics 11:177, 179 order statistics 11:185 point estimation 5:143 quality control: reliability and life testing 13:235 regression 9:314 sequential analysis 14:189 statistical method, history of 15:228 statistics 15:211 variances, statistical study of 16:296 Confidence limits estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:151 quantal response 13:241 regression 9:314, 315, 322 Confidence regions 5:150 estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:156 multiple comparisons 9:337 multivariate analysis 10:531 regression 9:314 significance, tests of 14:244 CONFLICT 3:220-242 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS 3:220-226
POLITICAL ASPECTS 3:226-232 SOCIAL ASPECTS 3:232-236 ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASPECTS 3 : 236242 aggression 1:169 fol. Bentley, Arthur F. 2:61 civil war 7:499 collective behavior 2; 557, 558 communism, international 3:127 community disorganization 3:164 community power 3:161 consensus 3:264, 268 cooperation 3:386 crime, causes of 3:474 crisis 3:512 cross pressure 3:519
163
delinquency: psychological aspects 4:91
diplomacy 4:190 educational organization 4:531 empires 5:45 ethqlogy 5:191 family: comparative structure 5:308 feud 5:389 field theory 5:409 Freud, Sigmund 6:4, 8 Homey, Karen 6:514 instinct 7:365, 366, 369 instrumental learning 9:131 integration, cultural 7:374, 378 interaction and personality 7:461, 464 international conflict resolution 7:507 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:34 international relations: ideological aspects 8:72 internment and custody 8:141, 145, 146, 147 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:508 Marxist sociology 10:47, 50 Mayo, Elton 10:82 mental disorders, childhood 10:157, 158, 159 minorities 10:368 Montesquieu 10:474 national security 11:41 neurosis 11:163, 164 norms 11:211 peace 11:487, 490, 492, 494 political generations 6:92 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:2,3, 5 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:14, 19, 20, 22 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:42 psychosomatic illness 13:136 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:278 Ratzenhofer, Gustav 13:329 religious observance 13:427 religious specialists: sociological study 13:448 schizophrenia 14:49 self concept 14:157 social anthropology 1:322
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
164
INDEX
Conflict, Industrial
social class 15:302 social history 6:461 social institutions 14:419 social institutions: comparative study 14:427 socialization, adult 14:560 society 14:580 stratification, social 15:290 stress 15:339 Tarde, Gabriel 15:510 teaching 15:560 utilitarianism 16:230 values 16:286 war 16:453 Conflict, Industrial: see Industrial conflict CONFLICT OF INTEREST 3:242246 bureaucracy 2:216 cross pressure 3:519 office, misuse of 11:272 political anthropology 12:192 Small, Albion W. 14:321 tariffs and protectionism 8:117 CONFLICT OF LAWS 3:246-253 international law 7:547 land tenure 8:566 Conflict resolution conflict 3:220 conflict: political aspects 3:228 cooperation 3:386 international conflict resolution 7:507 Lewin, Kurt 9:268 socialization, adult 14:560 stateless society 15:166 Conflict resolution, International: see International conflict resolution CONFORMITY 3:253-260 Bain, Alexander 1:504 community disorganization 3:165 field theory 5:412, 413 group behavior 6:273 group formation 6:278 judicial process: comparative aspects 8:296 moral development 10:483 norms 11:206, 211 rules of the game 13:574 Smith, William Robertson 14:331 social control 14:383, 386 social psychology 14:465, 467 socialization, adult 14:559
suggestion 15:374 see also Uniformity Confounding experiments, design of 5:251 Fisher, R. A. 5:489 Confucianism Buddhism 2:176, 178 Chinese political thought 2:397, 400, 401, 402 Chinese society 2:409, 410, 417 historiography, Chinese 6:400 historiography, Japanese 6:415 Weber, Max 16:497 Confucius Chinese political thought 2:397 historiography, Chinese 6:400, 403 policy sciences 12:183 Congestion queues 13:257, 258 Congo colonialism: economic aspects 3:10 hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:22, 23 see also Belgian Congo; Congo, Democratic Republic of the; Congo Republic; Kongo kingdom Congo, Democratic Republic of the (Kinshasa) collectivism 2:567 colonialism: political aspects 3:4 folklore 5:499 international organization: financing 8:48 Congo Republic (Brazzaville) land tenure 8:565 Congregationalism canon law 2:267 religious organization 13:432, 436 Congress (U.S.) budgeting 2:195 conflict of interest 3:243 constitutional law 3:296 constitutional law: civil rights 3:314, 316 constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:306 delegation of powers 4:73 foreign policy 5:533 intelligence, political and military 7:420 legislatures 9:234
military policy 10:323 presidential government 12:453 Congress of Comparative Law (1900) comparative law and legal systems 9:206 Congress of Industrial Organizations 8:538 see also American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations Congress of Racial Equality civil disobedience 2:482 race relations: world perspectives 13:275 Congress of Vienna (1815) diplomacy 4:188 Congress Socialist Party (India) socialism 14:530 Congressional government legislatures 9:234 Congruence (mathematics) random numbers 13:312 Congruity, Principle of thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:618 Conjugate movements vision 16:328 Conklin, Harold C. agriculture 1:203 kinship 8:396 Conley v. Gibson adjudication, domestic 1:48 Connection (statistics) Gini, Corrado 6:189 Connectionism educational psychology 4:534 Lashley, Karl S. 9:29 Conrad, Joseph historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:382 political fiction 9:438 Consanguinity kinship 8:390 marriage: comparative analysis 10:9 marriage alliance 10:23 Smith, William Robertson 14:333 Conscience Cooley, Charles H. 3:379 honor 6:504 life cycle 9:289 personality development 11:612
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
INDEX
Constitution of the United States
Conscience, Collective: see Collective consciousness Consciousness analytical psychology 1:275 Bain, Alexander 1:504 Husserl, Edmund 7:28 James, William 8:229 Kant, Immanuel 8:350 Mead, George Herbert 10:85 perception, unconscious 11:576 phenomenology 12:69 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:22, 23 psychology, existential 13:79 Consciousness of kind Giddings, Franklin H. 6:176 Conscription (military): see Draft (military) Consensual unions marriage: comparative analysis 10:16, 17 marriage: family formation 10:2 nuptiality 11:224 CONSENSUS 3:260-271 THE CONCEPT OF CONSENSUS
3:260-266 THE STUDY OF CONSENSUS 3:266-
271
community disorganization 3:167 conflict: social aspects 3:234 democracy 4:112 Durkheim, Emile 4:313 Hobbes, Thomas 6:484, 485 ideology 7:66 integration, social 7:383 intellectuals 7:412 law, sociology of 9:52, 53 majority rule 9:539 Mannheim, Karl 9:560 role: sociological aspects 13:554 rules of the game 13:572 rumor 13:579 social class, measurement of 15:317 social contract 14:380 social psychology 14:464 Wirth, Louis 16:558 Consensus, Principle of: see Ijma' Consent democracy 4:112 ethical issues in the social sciences 5:163
freedom 5:558 social contract 14:380 CONSERVATION 3:271-290 POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS
3:271-279 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 3:279-290
economics 4:479 external economies and diseconomies 5:271 land: classification 8:561 Marsh, George Perkins 10:23 planning, resource 12:137 Powell, John Wesley 12:404 water resources 16:477 CONSERVATISM 3:290-295 agriculture 1:260 Burke, Edmund 2:221 decision making: psychological aspects 4:39 education and society 4:520 Hjarne, Harald 6:481 Hobbes, Thomas 6:481 ideology and the social system 7:81 isolationism 8:218 laissez-faire 5:548 local politics 9:463 militarism 10:303 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:21 social Darwinism 14:403 Conservative Judaism 8:279 Considerations (Montesquieu) 10:469 Considerations on Representative Government (Mill) 10:344 Consistency goodness of fit 6:200 point estimation 5:147 simultaneous equation estimation 14:282 Consistency coefficients: see Coefficients of consistency Consols 4:30 securities markets 14:139 Conspicuous consumption Veblen, Thorstein 16:306 Conspiracy Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:509 Conspiracy of Equals Buonarroti, Filippo 2:202 Conspiration pour I'egalite dite de Babeuf (Buonarroti) 2:203
165
Constant de Rebeque, Henri Benjamin responsibility 13:497 Constant stimuli, Method of psychophysics 13:121 Constant utility index index numbers: theoretical aspects 7:157
Constant-value bonds 4:30 Constantine the Great Christianity 2:431 Constantinople, Council of canon law 2:263 Constituency apportionment 1:366, 368 electoral systems 5:16 Michels, Robert 10:267 representation 13:461 representational behavior 13:474 fol. Constitution: see Constitutions and constitutionalism Constitution of France presidential government 12:455 Constitution of Geneva Calvin, John 2:259 Constitution of Massachusetts constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:305 Constitution of 1917 (Mexico) Latin American political movements 9:40 Constitution of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1918) 6:541 Constitution of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1936) 6:541 Constitution of the United States adjudication, domestic 1:44 administrative law 1:82 Beard, Charles A. 2:35 communication, mass 3:55 conflict of laws 3:247 constitutional law 3:296 distribution of powers 3:301, 302 Hamilton, Alexander 6:313 human rights 6:541 Madison, James 9:519 military law 10:316 presidential government 12:451, 453 public administration 13:145 sovereignty 15:78 see also Constitutional amendments
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
166
Constitutional amendments (U.S.)
Constitutional amendments (U.S.) 3:298 distribution of powers 3:303 —: 5th amendment regulation of industry 13:392 — : 14th amendment 3:315 Cardozo, Benjamin 2:304 regulation of industry 13:392 —: 15th amendment 3:315 Constitutional Convention (1787) 3:302 Constitutional democracy state 15:154 Constitutional dictatorship 4:165 Constitutional government crisis government 3:514 totalitarianism 16:111 CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 3:295-318 INTRODUCTION 3:295-300 DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS 3:300307 CIVIL LIBERTIES 3:307-312 CIVIL RIGHTS 3:312-318 adjudication, domestic 1:44, 46 Brandeis, Louis Dembitz 2:144 Cardozo, Benjamin 2:303 comparative public law 13:186 delegation of powers 4:72 Dicey, Albert Venn 4:159 federalism 5:353, 363 freedom 5:556 Holmes, Oliver Wendell 6:491 human rights 6:541, 544 Jefferson, Thomas 8:252 judicial discretion 8:321 judicial process 8:288 judicial review 8:303 politics, comparative 12:332 presidential government 12:451 public law 13:176 Schmitt, Carl 14:58 Constitutional monarchy 6:224; 10:413 Constitutional psychology 13:66 delinquency 4:87 depressive disorders 4:122 factor analysis 5:281 individual differences 7:202 personality 11:601 typologies 16:180
CONSTITUTIONS AND CONSTITUTIONALISM 3:318-326 Aristotle 1:408, 409, 410 Bagehot, Walter 1:502 Beard, Charles A. 2:35 Brusewitz, Axel 2:158 Burke, Edmund 2:224 comparative public law 13:186 conflict: political aspects 3:229 constitutional law 3:295 crisis government 3:514, 515 delegation of powers 4:72, 73 Dicey, Albert Venn 4:159 elections 5:8, 15, 17 federalism 5:357 Harrington, James 6:323, 324 integration, functional 7:537 judicial review 8:303 Kelsen, Hans 8:364 labor unions in the United States 8:539
legislation 9:223 legislatures 9:233 legitimacy 9:245 liberalism 9:277, 278 Mcllwain, Charles H. 9:512 political justice 12:246 political opinion 13:199 political theory 12:320 presidential government 12:452 public administration 13:145 representational systems 13:466 state 15:154 Construct validity aptitude testing 1:373 psychometrics 13:107, 108 Construction business cycles 2:235 credit, government 3:465 housing 6:517, 521 Consumer behavior 3:349 advertising 1:111, 112 business management 2:252 consumer assets 3:346 consumer research 9:574 consumer sovereignty 3:330 consumption function 3:364, 367 consumption levels and standards 3:335 econometric models, aggregate 4:348 econometrics 4:357 economy and society 4:503
INDEX markets and industries 9:579 Slutsky, Eugen 14:319 social science fiction 14:478 survey analysis: applications in economics 15:433 transportation: social aspects 16:131
utility 16:255, 262 Consumer choice consumer sovereignty 3:329, 330, 331 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:420 liquidity preference 9:398 markets and industries 9:579 public expenditures 13:160 utility 16:255, 264 welfare economics 16:510 Consumer cooperatives 3:391 Consumer credit installment credit 7:354 workers 16:571 Consumer demand consumer sovereignty 3:327 consumer's surplus 3:355 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:104 resale price maintenance 13:480, 481 Consumer diaries errors, nonsampling 5:121 Consumer goods economic equilibrium 4:377 installment credit 7:355 international trade: patterns of trade 8:111 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:112 price control and rationing 12:464, 468 Consumer panels errors, nonsampling 5:118 Consumer price index agriculture 1:243 index numbers 7:157, 160 fol. index numbers: sampling 7:166 Consumer psychology 13:91 consumer behavior 3:350 Consumer research 9:571 advertising: economic aspects 1:111
consumer behavior 3:349 propaganda 12:580
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.)
INDEX
Contingency tables
CONSUMER SOVEREIGNTY 3:326335 advertising 1:111 economics 4:475 internal trade 7:497 licensing, occupational 9:283, 284 public expenditures 13:159 taxation 15:523 welfare state 16:519 Consumer surplus: see Consumer's surplus Consumer wants consumer sovereignty 3:326 fol., 329 CONSUMERS 3:335-354 CONSUMPTION LEVELS AND STANDARDS 3:335-342 CONSUMER ASSETS 3:342—349 CONSUMER BEHAVIOR 3:349-354
advertising 1:106 fol. business cycles 2:243 capital, human 2:285 central place 2:366 consumer sovereignty 3:326 consumer's surplus 3:354 corporation income taxes 15:541 economics 4:473 Engel, Ernst 5:63 financial intermediaries 5:434 income distribution: functional share 7:141 income distribution: size 7:147 inflation and deflation 7:297 installment credit 7:358 markets and industries 9:579 medical care: economic aspects 10:101 monopoly 10:461, 462 price control and rationing 12:464, 469 pricing policies 12:460 public expenditures 13:158, 161 resale price maintenance 13:481 utility 16:243 welfare state 16:516 workers 16:570 see also headings beginning Consumer— Consumer's rent consumer's surplus 3:356
Consumer's risk quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:226 CONSUMER'S SURPLUS 3:354-358 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:120 Dupuit, Jules 4:310 Marshall, Alfred 10:31 utility 16:247 welfare economics 16:504, 508 Consumption aggregation 1:165 agriculture 1:228, 247 capital 2:274, 275 capital, human 2:285 city 2:466 communism, economic organization of 3:136 consumer behavior 3:350 consumption function 3:358 consumption levels and standards 3:335 corporation income taxes 15:541 death and gift taxes 15:557 demand and supply 4:100 econometric models, aggregate 4:347, 348 econometrics 4:356 economic growth 4:399 economics 4:474, 478 economy and society 4:503 external economies and diseconomies 5:268 financial intermediaries 5:435 food: consumption patterns 5:508 housing 6:524 income and employment theory 7:123 income distribution: size 7:147 income taxes, personal 15:531 installment credit 7:361 interest 7:476, 479 international integration: economic unions 7: 543 investment decision 8:194 Keynes, John Maynard 8:370 labor force: participation 8:475 national income and product accounts 11:24 optimum population theory 12:359, 361 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:112
167
planning, economic: Western Europe 12:106 poverty 12:402 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:436 public expenditures 13:158 utility 16:259 CONSUMPTION FUNCTION 3:358-369
cross-section analysis 3:524, 525 Engel, Ernst 5:63 Hansen, Alvin 6:321 income and employment theory 7:123, 129
liquidity preference 9:401 Consumption goods capital 2:273 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:417 Contagion pollution 12:337 Contagious distributions distributions, mixtures of 4:237, 239 CONTAINMENT 3:369-371 communism, international 3:127 strategy 15:286 see also Disengagement CONTENT ANALYSIS 3:371-377 communication, mass 3:45 communication, political 3:93 interaction process analysis 7:465 interviewing, therapeutic 8:175 judicial behavior 8:312 kinesics 8:381 persuasion 12:58 propaganda 12:586 rumor 13:577 values 16:285, 290 Content validity achievement testing 1:39 psychometrics 13:105 Contiguity geography, statistical 6:148 Continental System (Heckscher) 6:340 Contingency statistics, descriptive 15:244 survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:426 Contingency tables counted data 3:418, 421, 423, 425, 426
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"] bers.J |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers
168
INDEX
Contingency tables, Interaction
fallacies, statistical 5:295 multivariate analysis 10:536 significance, tests of 14:243 survey analysis 15:415 Contingency tables, Interaction counted data 3:425 Continuity correction distributions, statistical: approximations to distributions 4:234 Continuity theory learning theory 9:190 Continuous distributions 4:223 probability, formal 12:494 statistical method, history of 15:225 Continuous series, Theory of history, philosophy of 6:431 Continuous variables probability, formal 12:494 statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:193 Contraception eugenics 5:197 fertility 5:374, 375, 379 fertility control 5:382 population 12:344, 347 population policies 12:385, 386, 387 social change 14:373 Contract curve monopoly 10:465 Contracts Durkheim, Emile 4:314 federalism 5:360 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:530 psychiatry, forensic 12:630 societies, small 14:574 Contractual law Davy, Georges 4:18 Contrasts linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:340 Contrat social (Rousseau): see Social Contract, The Control charts quality control, statistical: process control 13:230, 231, 232 statistics 15:222 Control groups errors, nonsampling 5:115 evaluation research 5:200 experiments, design of 5:250 quasi-experimental design 5:261
Control systems, Process: see Process control Convention for the Definition of Aggression (1933) 1:176 Convention on Genocide (1951) international legislation 7:556 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (1951) 13:370 Conventional war 16:461 Convergence (behavioral) collective behavior 2:558 Convergence (vision) eye movements 16:328 visual defects 16:338 Conversion, Mass brainwashing 2:138 collective behavior 2:560, 564 communication, mass 3:86 Conversion, Religious religious observance 13:425, 426 Conversion hysteria: see Hysteria Convertibility Fisher, Irving 5:480 international monetary economics: exchange rates 8:15 international monetary economics: international monetary organization 8:17, 21 Convex set decision theory 4:64 Convolution distributions, mixtures of 4:240 Convulsions electroconvulsive shock 5:21 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:203, 204 COOLEY, CHARLES H. 3:378-383 conflict: social aspects 3:236 creativity 3:457 groups 6:259 interaction, social 7:434 public opinion 13:191 reference groups 13:354 sociology 15:9 status, social 15:252 sympathy and empathy 15:443 Cooley, Thomas constitutional law 3:299 Cooley v. Board of Wardens of Port of Philadelphia constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:306
Coombs's distance models scaling 14:34 Cooper, Anthony Ashley: see Shaftesbury, 1st Earl of COOPER, JOHN M. 3:383-384 COOPERATION 3:384-390 consensus 3:264, 269, 270 ecology, cultural 4:337 field theory 5:412 game theory: theoretical aspects 6:66 group performance 6:290 integration, social 7:381 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:34 Japanese society 8:245 Kropotkin, P'etr 8:464 peace 11:492 political culture 12:223 psychology, comparative 13:58 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:281 Cooperation, International international organization: the process and the institutions 8:34 national security 11:41, 42 Cooperative Agricultural and Home Economics Extension Service 1:101 Cooperative federalism constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:304 Cooperative Union (Great Britain) 3:391 COOPERATIVES 3:390-396 agriculture 1:248 communism, economic organization of 3:132, 133, 142, 143 cooperation 3:387 credit, agricultural 3:467, 469 Owen, Robert 11:351 Co-optation elections 5:2 Copernicus historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:392 Coping personality measurement: situational tests 12:48 stress 15:343 Coppin, R. S. errors, nonsampling 5:126
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.)
INDEX
Cost
Copulation social behavior, primate 14:356 Copy research advertising 1:113 Copyrights music and society 10:567 Corbett, Julian strategy 15:283 Cordon sanitaire disengagement 4:211 Corn 1:243 Corn laws agriculture 1:250 Barton, John 2:22 laissez-faire 8:547 Ricardo, David 13:509 Corporate groups social structure 14:485 CORPORATION 3:396-403 corporation income taxes 15:538 crime, white-collar 3:485 economics 4:483 economies of scale 4:491 Figgis, John Neville 5:424 national income and product accounts 11:26 philanthropy 12:77 pluralism 12:166 political anthropology 12:194 profit 12:548 public relations 13:209 Smith, William Robertson 14:334 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:363 see also Corporation income taxes Corporation, Ecclesiastical: see Ecclesiastical corporation Corporation income taxes 15:538 personal income taxes 15:535 sales and excise taxes 15:554 Corporatism Ashley, William James 1:412 fascism 5:337, 338 Figgis, John Neville 5:424 government 6:220 Corpus juris civilis constitutions and constitutionalism 3:321 Correctional institutions 11:515 Beccaria 2:37 see also Penology; Prisons
Correlation demand and supply: econometric studies 4:105 errors in statistical assumptions 5:140 factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:276 fallacies, statistical 5:299 Galton, Francis 6:51 linear hypotheses: regression 9:311 multivariate analysis 10:535 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:537 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:545
Pearson, Karl 11:500 prediction 12:420 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:429 probability, formal 12:493 psychometrics 13:101, 102, 104 quasi-experimental design 5:261 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:252 ranking methods 11:200 significance, tests of 14:242 Spearman, C. E. 15:108 statistical analysis, special problems of 15:199 statistics, descriptive 15:240, 243 survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:420 time series: general 16:53 Yule, G. Udny 16:590 see also Statistics, Descriptive Correlation, Intraclass: see Intraclass correlation Correlation, Partial: see Partial correlation Correlation, Spurious: see Spurious correlation Correlation coefficients: see Coefficients of correlation Correlation ratio multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:540 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:547 Correlogram Yule, G. Udny 16:591 Correspondence courses adult education 1:101
169
Correspondence principle statics and dynamics in economics 15:170, 173 Corridors disengagement 4:211 Corruption conflict of interest 3:242 Le Play, Frederic 9:87 lobbying 9:445 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:508 office, misuse of 11:272 police 12:180 political machines 12:251 Cortex, Cerebral: see Cerebral cortex Cortex, Temporal: see Temporal cortex Cortical-current theory Kohler, Wolfgang 8:442 Cortical satiation theory mental retardation 10:237 Corwin, Edward S. public law 13:176 Cosmogony Chinese political thought 2:396 evolution 5:205, 209 Cosmology Indian political thought 7:169 time: social organization 16:32 world view 16:578 Cosmopolitanism Japanese society 10:404 Meinecke, Friedrich 10:121 COST 3:404-415 accounting 1:15 advertising 1 -. 109 Aquinas, Thomas 1:376 business cycles 2:237 cartels and trade associations 2:322 Clark, John Maurice 2:509 commutation 16:143 competition 3:183 consumer's surplus 3:354 decision making: economic aspects 4:53 demand and supply 4:101 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:418 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:433 economics 4:477 economics of defense 4:487, 489 economies of scale 4:491
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
170
INDEX
Cost, Fixed
external economies and diseconomies 5:268 fringe benefits 16:427 inflation and deflation 7:293 internal trade 7:494, 495 international trade 8:85 inventory control theory 8:183 investment function, aggregate 8:186 labor force: participation 8:478 Marshall, Alfred 10:29 Mitchell, Wesley C. 10:374 money: velocity of circulation 10:451
monopoly 10:458 national income and product accounts 11:26 nationalization 11:72 optimum population theory 12:358 patents 11:470 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:114 population theories 12:355 power 12:409 production 12:511, 517 profit 12:547 rent 13:455, 457 Ricardo, David 13:509 tariffs and protectionism 8:117 transportation 16:131, 137, 140 Wieser, Friedrich von 16:549 Cost, Fixed: see Fixed cost Cost, Marginal: see Marginal cost Cost, Variable: see Variable cost Cost accounting 1:15, 18 Cost analysis 12:519 operations research 11:292 regional science 13:385 transportation 16:137, 140 welfare economics 16:508, 510 Cost-benefit analysis: see Benefit-cost analysis Cost function 12:520 Cost minimization production 12:511 Cost of capital business management 2:252 investment: the aggregate investment function 8:186 investment decision 8:200 Cost of entry licensing, occupational 9:284
Cost-reduction plans wages: systems of payment 16:415 Cost theory of value: see Value, Cost theory of Costa Rica literacy 9:413 Cotard, J. depressive disorders 4:124 Couch, Arthur S. groups: role structure 6:286 interaction: interaction process analysis 7:467 Council for Mutual Economic Assistance communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:155 communism, international 3:128 international integration, regional 7:527 international monetary organization 8:22 Council of Aries (314) pacifism 11:353 Council of Europe human rights 6:543 Council of Pisa (1409) Gerson, Jean de 6:155 Council on Prices, Productivity and Incomes (Great Britain) Robertson, Dennis Holme 13:532 Counseling and Psychotherapy (Rogers) 10:178 COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY 3:415-417 educational psychology 4:537 family 5:320 interviewing, therapeutic 8:171 psychiatry: the religio-psychiatric movement 12:635 psychology, applied 13:93 COUNTED DATA 3:417-427 Lexis, Wilhelm 9:273 multivariate analysis 10:536 significance, tests of 14:243 statistical analysis, special problems of 15:183 statistics: transformations of data 15:213 Counterfeiting international crimes 7:516 Counterideology 7:81 Countermovements social movements 14:440
Counterrevolution 13:504 Countervailing duties export subsidies and dumping 8:122 Coup d'etat revolution 13:501 Courage 6:505 COURNOT, ANTOINE AUGUSTIN 3:427-430 demand and supply 4:105 generations 6:88 Mangoldt, Hans von 9:556 oligopoly 11:285, 287 Pearson, Karl 11:499 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:254 utility 16:239 Walras, Leon 16:450 Cournot's law balance of payments 8:3 Cours d'economie politique (Pareto) 11:400, 405 Court historians historiography, Chinese 6:400, 403 historiography, Islamic 6:410 Courts adjudication 1:43, 48, 49 administration 1:70 administrative law 1:80, 83 conflict of laws 3:250, 251 delinquency 4:75 judicial administration 8:301 judicial behavior 8:307 judicial process 8:283, 287, 290 judicial process 8:292, 295 judicial recruitment 8:322 judicial review 8:304 judicial values 8:317 military law 10:314, 316 political justice 12:247 regulation of industry 13:392, 393 wage and hour legislation 16:421 see also Judiciary Courts-martial 10:313, 314 Courtship Waller, Willard W. 16:444 Cousin, Victor environmentalism 5:93 Couvade Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:459 pain 11:358 Covariance analysis: see Analysis of covariance
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Crime
INDEX Covariance matrix multivariate analysis 10:529 simultaneous equation estimation 14:284 time series: advanced problems 16:68 Covariances multivariate analysis 10:530, 532 probability, formal 12:493 simultaneous equation estimation 14:284 Covenant Hobbes, Thomas 6:484 Covenant Code of the Hebrews capital punishment 2:290 Covenant of the League of Nations: see League of Nations Covenant Covering laws, Theory of history, philosophy of 6:431 Cox, Catherine Terman, Lewis M. 15:602 Cox, David statistics 15:218 Craft unions collective bargaining 8:497 developing countries 8:513 labor movement, theories of the 8:518 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:526 see also Gilds; Labor unions CRAFTS 3:430-434 gilds 6:186 industry, small 7:272 urban revolution 16:205 Craftsmen African society 1:151 art and society 5:441 Craig, Wallace ethology 5:190 Cramer, Gabriel utility 16:242 Cramer, Harald time series: cycles 16:79 Cramer-Rao inequality Fisher, R. A. 5:488 point estimation 5:148 Cranial nerves 11:135 Craniology Broca, Paul 2:154 Cranioscopy: see Phrenology Craze mass phenomena 10:56, 57
Creation myths 10:581 Creative Experience (Follett) 5:501 Creative synthesis Ward, Lester F. 16:474 CREATIVITY 3:434-461 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS 3 : 435-442 SOCIAL ASPECTS 3:442-457 GENIUS AND ABILITY 3:457-461 aesthetics 1:117 analytical psychology 1:277 art and society 5:439 fol. artists, recruitment and socialization of 5:450 Buber, Martin 2:162 Biihler, Karl 2:201 communication, mass 3:43 expressive behavior 5:267 fantasy 5:328 film (cinema) 5:429 generations 6:90 humor 7:2 individual differences 7:204 instrumental learning 9:132 integration, cultural 7:377 intellectual development 7:398 intellectuals 7:404 intelligence 7:425 Kris, Ernst 8:452 literature, psychology of 9:426 minorities 10:369 problem solving 12:505 psychology, existential 13:82 Rank, Otto 13:316 thinking 15:614 CREDIT 3:461-471 GOVERNMENT CREDIT 3:461-466 AGRICULTURAL CREDIT 3:466-471
financial intermediaries 5:432 housing: economic aspects 6:523 industry, small 7:271 installment credit 7:354 interest 7:472 mercantilism 4:437 money 10:432 securities markets 14:142 trade and markets 16:119 Credit, Agricultural: see Agricultural credit Credit, Bank: see Bank credit Credit, Consumer: see Consumer credit
171
Credit, Government: see Government credit Credit availability school money: quantity theory 10:432 Cree Indians 7:194 Creeds ideology 7:66 Creek Indians 7:196 Creole languages 9:363 speech community 9:383 Creoles Caribbean society 2:316 caudillismo 2:347 Crespi, Leo P. statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:183 Cressey, Donald R. crime, white-collar 3:487 social control 14:386 Cretaceous epoch evolution, primate 5:211 Cretinism mental disorders: biological aspects 10:143 CRIME 3:471-495 CAUSES OF CRIME 3:471-476 OFFENSE PATTERNS 3:476-483
WHITE-COLLAR CRIME 3:483-490 HOMICIDE 3:490-495 aging 1:183 Beccaria 2:37 communication, mass: effects 3:87 criminal law 3:496, 497 criminology 3:505 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:86 deviant behavior 4:148 fallacies, statistical 5:295 Hooton, Earnest A. 6:512 Kelsen, Hans 8:362 Lombroso, Cesare 9:472 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:531 penology 11:513 police 12:178, 179 probation and parole 11:520 punishment 13:218, 220 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:253 social control 14:387 Sutherland, Edwin H. 15:438 systems analysis, social 15:461
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| locate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
172
INDEX
Crime rates
Tarde, Gabriel 15:512 welfare state 16:514 see also Criminology; Homicide; White-collar crime Crime rates crime, causes of 3:474, 475 homicide 3:490, 492 offense patterns 3:477, 478, 480 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:249 social research, early history of 15:46 Tarde, Gabriel 15:512 white-collar crime 3:485 Crimean War 16:458 Crimes, International: see International crimes CRIMINAL LAW 3:495-505 antitrust legislation 1:351 Beccaria 2:37 capital punishment 2:290 community-society continua 3:176 crime 3:480, 486, 490 delinquency 4:74 international crimes 7:516 judicial administration 8:302 jury 8:300 law, sociology of 9.- 58 legal systems: socialist legal systems—Soviet law 9:219 penology 11:514 psychiatry, forensic 12:631 public law: comparative public law 13:186 Criminality crime, causes of 3:471 fol. criminal law 3:499 drug addiction: social aspects 4:302 mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:128 psychology, constitutional 13:74 see also Crime Criminally insane criminal law 3:503 Lombroso, Cesare 9:472 Criminals crime, causes of 3:473 Lombroso, Cesare 9:472 offense patterns 3:477 social control 14:391 CRIMINOLOGY 3:505-510 Adler, Alfred 1:60 Beccaria 2:37
crime, causes of 3:471 delinquency 4:74 deviant behavior 4:149 Galton, Francis 6:51 Hooton, Earnest A. 6:512 law, sociology of 9:50 Lombroso, Cesare 9:471 Niceforo, Alfredo 11:174 penology 11:513 psychopathic personality 13:117 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:249, 253 sociology 15:5 Sutherland, Edwin H. 15:438 Tarde, Gabriel 15:512 see also Crime CRISIS 3:510-514 charisma 2:389 collective behavior 2:557, 558 decision making: political aspects 4:58 delegation of powers 4:73 family 5:315 international conflict resolution 7:509
international politics 8:54 Juglar, Clement 8:325 leadership: political aspects 9:111 modernization: political aspects 10:400 myth and symbol 10:579 price control and rationing 12:466 revolution 13:501 Sorokin, Pitirim A. 15:62 Tugan-Baranovskii, Mikhail I. 16:164, 165 see also Panic; Stress CRISIS GOVERNMENT 3:514-518 crisis 3:510 delegation of powers 4:73 legislation 9:225 militarism 10:302 military law 10:315 political executive 12:231 Crisiscom simulation: political processes 14:277 Criterion controversy investment decision 8:197 Critical flicker frequency vision 16:323, 324 Critical period personality development 11:610
sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:209 social behavior, animal 14:345 socialization, adult 14:558 socialization, psychological 14:537 Critical rationalism Plato 12:161 Critical value hypothesis testing 7:42 significance, tests of 14:239 Critique of Pure Reason, The (Kant) 8:349 CROCE, BENEDETTO 3:518-519 history, intellectual 6:464 history, philosophy of 6:429, 432 Crockett, Harry J., Jr. occupations and careers 11:252 Crofton, Walter probation and parole 11:519 Cromwell, Oliver constitutions and constitutionalism 3:322 Cromwell, Rue L. mental retardation 10:244 Cronbach, Lee J. perception 11:562 response sets 13:495 Crops agriculture 1:204, 205, 206, 207, 210 China, Communist 4:375 Indians, North American 7:181 Oceanian society 11:259 plantations 12:155, 156 sub-Saharan African society 1:143, 145 Crosland, C. A. R. socialism 14:525 socialist economic thought 4:452 Cross-cousin marriage 10:11, 19 Indians, North American 7:189, 194 Cross-cultural studies anthropology 1:339, 341, 342 ethical issues in the social sciences 5:163 ethnology 5:182 judicial process 8:294 perceptual development 11:537 projective methods: thematic apperception test 12:576 psychiatry, social 12:627
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| j_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.)
Cultural anthropology
INDEX socialization: psychological aspects 14:536 fol. Cross-dating urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:214 Cross elasticities demand and supply: econometric studies 4:109 Cross-eyedness: see Strabismus Cross-modality matching psychosis 13:126 CROSS PRESSURE 3:519-522 decision making: political aspects 4:57 peace 11:490 political participation 12:259 voting 16:390 Cross product survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:421 CROSS-SECTION ANALYSIS 3:522-527 attitudes 1:460 consumption function 3:363 econometrics 4:359 ethnohistory 6:445 production and cost analysis 12:521 reason analysis 13:338, 342 size distributions in economics 14:299 Cross-subsidization transportation: economic aspects 16:138 Crossbreeding genetics and behavior 6:99, 101 Crosshatched maps graphic presentation 6:247 Crossover design experiments, design of 5:252 Crow Indians 7:190, 192, 193 kinship 8:396 Lowie, Robert H. 9:482 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:358 Crowd, The (Le Bon) 9:83 Crowder, Norman A. programmed learning 9:183 Crowds collective behavior 2:559, 561 delinquency 4:78 Le Bon, Gustave 9:83 mass phenomena 10:56
social control 14:385 see also Mobs Crown Proceedings Act (Great Britain 1947) administrative law 1:83 Crowne, Douglas P. motivation, human 10:519 Crozat, Antoine Law, John 9:80 Crude death rate economic growth 4:402 mortality 10:499, 500 Crusades 16:457 Crutchfield, Richard attitudes 1:451, 453, 455 Crying infancy 7:279 Crystallization collective behavior 2:560 Cuba Caribbean society 2:306, 310 communism, national 3:114 economic warfare 4:469 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 Latin American political movements 9:45 literacy 9:413 migration: economic aspects 10:294 population composition 12:367 refugees: world problems 13:367 sex ratio 12:363 Cuban revolution Latin American political movements 9:45 Cue communication 3:27 discrimination learning 9:146 interaction, symbolic 7:444 Cue function drives, psychological 4:278 Cullen, William neurosis 11:161 Cults Buddhism 2:170 Christianity 2:428 religious organization 13:428, 434 sects and cults 14:130 fol. voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:359 see also Sects
173
Cultural adaptation 3:551 evolution, cultural 5:225 functional analysis 6:31, 34 internment and custody 8:145 modernization: social aspects 10:392 social change 14:372 Cultural anthropology 1:306 fol., 313 acculturation 1:21 adolescence 1:92 agriculture: comparative technology 1:202 archeology 1:382 Benedict, Ruth 2:48, 49 Boas, Franz 2:99 Bogoraz, Vladimir G. 2:117 cognitive theory 2:536 componential analysis 3:186 conflict 3:236 crafts 3:430 cultural adaptation 3:551 cultural evolution 5:221 culture 3:527, 528 culture and personality 3:558 culture area 3:563 culture change 3:554 culture history 6:448 culturology 3:547 diffusion, cultural 4:169 ecology, cultural 4:337 ethnohistory 6:441, 445, 446 ethnology 5:172, 178 ethnomedicine 10:87 field work 5:418 Fletcher, Alice Cunningham 5:491 folklore 5:496 food: consumption patterns 5:508 food-producing revolution 4:245 Frobenius, Leo 6:17 geography, cultural 6:129 Herskovits, Melville Jean 6:353 historiography, African 6:398 hunting and gathering 7:21 integration, cultural 7:372 Jochelson, Vladimir 2:117 judicial behavior 8:309 kinesics 8:380 Kluckhohn, Clyde 8:419 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:457 language and culture 9:18 Levy-Bruhl, Lucien 9:263 Linton, Ralph 9:386 Lowie, Robert H. 9:480
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
174
INDEX
Cultural boundaries
Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:541 national character 11:14 nativism and revivalism 11:76 observation, participant 11:240 Parsons, Elsie Clews 11:426 pastoralism 11:453 primitive art 12:477 Radin, Paul 13:300 Redfield, Robert 13:351 religion 13:398 Sapir, Edward 14:9 social science fiction 14:475, 476 socialization 14:545 Spier, Leslie 15:130 Sternberg, Lev Y. 2:117 technology 15:84 theology, primitive 15:604 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:170 values 16:285 village 16:318 Westermarck, Edward 16:529 world view 16:576 Cultural boundaries diffusion of innovations 4:176 Cultural configurations Benedict, Ruth 2:48 culture area 3:565 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:460 Cultural cooperation, International: see International cultural cooperation Cultural diffusion 4:169 acculturation 1:22 anthropology 1:310, 318, 342 creativity 3:447 cultural anthropology 1:318 culture 3:555 culture history 6:451 ethnology 5:179 Frobenius, Leo 6:18 intellectuals 7:410 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:459 linguistics, historical 9:379 Lowie, Robert H. 9:481 Rivers, W. H. R. 13:527 Seligman, C. G. 14:161 Spier, Leslie 15:130 tribal society 16:147 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:172, 176 village 16:319 Wissler, Clark 16:560 Cultural ecology 4:337 anthropology 1:311, 317
archeology 1:385 cultural adaptation 3:551 evolution, cultural 5:202 housing 6:518 Indians, North American 7:197 industrialization 7:268 Oceanian society 11:266 pastoralism 11:453 region 13:379 rural society 13:586 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:210 village 16:321 Cultural evolution 5:221 anthropology 1:308, 310, 311 anthropology, comparative method in 1:342 Bastian, Adolf 2:23 Boas, Franz 2:101 Childe, V. Gordon 2:393 creativity 3:450 culture 3:553 culture change 3:556 ecology 4:337 ethnology 5:179, 180 food-producing revolution 4:247 Freud, Sigmund 6:6 Frobenius, Leo 6:18 Hobhouse, L. T. 6:487 Huxley, Julian 7:32 Lang, Andrew 8:581 linguistics 9:368 Lowie, Robert H. 9:481, 482 Marett, Robert Ranulph 9:566 modernization: political aspects 10:397 Morgan, Lewis Henry 10:497 religion: anthropological study 13:399 social behavior, animal 14:350 Spencer, Herbert 15:125 Sternberg, Lev Y. 2:118 Sumner, William Graham 15:407 Swanton, John Reed 15:439 Thomas, W. I. 16:3 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:172, 174, 176 urban revolution 16:201, 219 Vico, Giovanni Battista 16:315 world view 16:577 see also Social evolution
Cultural fusion acculturation 1:24 assimilation 1:438 Cultural geography 6:129 culture area 3:563 Fleure, H. J. 5:494 geography, statistical 6:147 landscape 8:576 Oceanian society 11:254 population distribution 12:370 Ratzel, Friedrich 13:328 region 13:379 Sauer, Carl O. 14:18 Cultural history Burckhardt, Jacob 2:204 Febvre, Lucien 5:349 historiography, Japanese 6:418 Huizinga, Johan 6:532 see also Culture history Cultural integration 7:372 conflict: anthropological aspects 3:237 creativity 3:443, 446 culture 3:551 Durkheim, Emile 4:318 Latin American political movements 9:42 North African society 1:131 Sorokin, Pitirim A. 15:62 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:211 Cultural lag creativity: social aspects 3:450 culture: culture change 3:555 Ogburn, William Fielding 11:279 Veblen, Thorstein 16:304 workers 16:568 Cultural morphology Frobenius, Leo 6:20 Cultural relativism aesthetics 1:119 anthropology 1:319 Benedict, Ruth 2:50 Comte, Auguste 3:202 culture 3:543 gestalt theory 6:165 Herskovits, Melville Jean 6:353 Linton, Ralph 9:390 observation, participant 11:239 societal analysis 14:563, 566 Cultural universals cultural relativism 3:545 linguistics, historical 9:373
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-T |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
Culture change
INDEX CULTURE 3:527-558 THE CONCEPT OF CULTURE 3:527-
543 CULTURAL RELATIVISM 3:543-547 CULTUROLOGY 3:547-551 CULTURAL ADAPTATION 3:551-554 CULTURE CHANGE 3:554-558
acculturation 1:21 Anglo-American society 1:289 anthropology 1:304, 313 anthropology, comparative method in 1:339 archeology 1:382 Asian society 1:423 assimilation 1:438 Benedict, Ruth 2:49 Boas, Franz 2:99, 100, 101, 102 Breuil, Henri 2:151 class culture 15:332 cognitive theory 2:536 communication, political 3:100 content analysis 3:373 Cooper, John M. 3:383 culture and personality 3:558 death and bereavement 4:20 depressive disorders 4:126 deviant behavior 4:151 diffusion 4:169 Durkheim, Emile 4:317 ecology 4:337 economic thought: institutional school 4:463 economy and society 4:501 educational systems 4:512 environment 5:91 ethnomedicine 10:91 ethnomusicology 10:562, 565 evolution, cultural 5:221, 225 evolution and behavior 5:236 expressive behavior 5:265 fertility 5:374 folklore 5:499 Frobenius, Leo 6:18 geography, cultural 6:129 Goldenweiser, Alexander A. 6:196 Ibn Khaldiin 7:55 individual differences 7:206 integration, cultural 7:372 fol. intellectuals 7:410, 411 interaction, social 7:432, 437 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:458, 461 language and culture 9:18
Linton, Ralph 9:388 Majumdar, D. N. 9:540 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:541 Marxist sociology 10:50 moral development 10:486 myth and symbol 10:578, 579 national character 11:15 nativism and revivalism 11:77 Nordenskiold, Erland 11:203 pain 11:358 pastoralism 11:456 perception, social 11:570 professions 12:537 psychiatry, social 12:622, 627 Rank, Otto 13:316 refugees: adjustment and assimilation 13:379 Roheim, Geza 13:545 Sapir, Edward 14:10 Simmel, Georg 14:253 social institutions: comparative study 14:427 social science fiction 14:475 social structural analysis 14:491 socialization, adult 14:555 socialization: anthropological aspects 14:545 societal analysis 14:563 sociological thought 15:27 Spengler, Oswald 15:128 sub-Saharan African society 1:139 suicide: psychological aspects 15:392 systems analysis, social 15:459, 468 Troeltsch, Ernst 16:154 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:173, 176 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:221 value systems 16:288 Vico, Giovanni Battista 16:314, 315 Whorf, Benjamin L. 16:536 world view 16:577 see also Cultural adaptation; Cultural relativism; Culture change; Culturology Culture, Mass: see Mass Culture Culture, Political: see Political culture CULTURE AND PERSONALITY 3:558-563 acculturation 1:24
175
anthropology 1:311, 317 Bartlett, F. C. 2:20 Benedict, Ruth 2:49 culture 3:550 life cycle 9:286 Linton, Ralph 9:389 Lowie, Robert H. 9:481 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:545 national character 11:14 fol. politics, comparative 12:333 Roheim, Geza 13:544 Sapir, Edward 14:11 Seligman, C. G. 14:162 social institutions 14:411 social institutions: comparative study 14:422, 427 socialization: anthropological aspects 14:545 systems analysis, social 15:459 see also National character CULTURE AREA 3:563-568 culture history 6:454 ethnology 5:179 Indians, North American 7:180 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:458 Wissler, Clark 16:560 Culture change acculturation 1:25 anthropology, cultural 1:318 bibliographic issues in the behavioral sciences 7:329 culture 3:554 diffusion, cultural 4:169, 174 ethnohistory 6:442 ethnology 5:179 ethnomedicine 10:92 geography, cultural 6:132 Goldenweiser, Alexander A. 6:196 Hankins, Frank H. 6:318 Herskovits, Melville Jean 6:353 ideology and the social system 7:79 interpersonal influence 4:178 land tenure 8:566 linguistics, historical 9:375 fol. Linton, Ralph 9:390 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:545 Middle American society 10:275 nativism and revivalism 11:78 North African society 1:126, 128 population growth 12:378 propaganda 12:583 race 13:266
fCAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
176
INDEX
Culture contact
Sapir, Edward 14:10 social change 14:366 Spencer, Herbert 15:125 sub-Saharan African society 1:152 technology 15:582 time: social organization 16:40 urban revolution 16:201 Vico, Giovanni Battista 16:314 Waitz, Theodor 16:433 Culture contact acculturation 1:21 Frazier, E. Franklin 5:553 history, culture 6:453 Japanese society 8:239 linguistics, historical 9:378 Oceanian society 11:264 Parsons, Elsie Clews 11:427 Culture element distribution Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:458 Culture-free test individual differences 7:206 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:424 Culture history 6:448 anthropology 1:310, 342 archeology 1:380, 382 Barnes, Harry Elmer 2:14 Childe, V. Gordon 2:390, 393 Chinese society 2:408 Cooper, John M. 3:383 ethnology 5:179 Fustel de Coulanges, Numa Denis 6:43 Graebner, Fritz 6:240 Halevy, Elie 6:307 hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:15 hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:9 Ibn Khaldun 7:53, 55 identity, psychosocial 7:62 Koppers, Wilhelm 8:445 Linton, Ralph 9:388 Oceanian society 11:255 periodization 11:581 Ratzel, Friedrich 13:328 Redfield, Robert 13:352 Spier, Leslie 15:130 Strong, William Duncan 15:349 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:207 Wallis, Wilson D. 16:446 Wundt, Wilhelm 16:584
Culture patterns 3:528, 532 Benedict, Ruth 2:49 Kluckhohn, Clyde 8:420 Culture shock field work 5:420 nativism and revivalism 11:77 Culture traits Wallis, Wilson D. 16:446 Culture transmission communication, mass 3:71 evolution and behavior 5:236 libraries 7:314 Culturology cultural relativism 3:544 culture change 3:547 sociological thought 15:29 war 16:469 Gumming, Elaine aging 1:193
Cumulative distribution function distributions, approximations to 4:234 distributions, special continuous 4:228 goodness of fit 6:199, 203 multivariate analysis 10:528 probability, formal 12:494 Cumulative-frequency curve graphic presentation 6:246 Cumulative probability distribution 4:222 Cumulative sum distributions (distributions of sums of variables) 4:228 Cumulative sum schemes quality control, statistical: process control 13:233 Cunliffe Report (1918) banking, central 2:4 CUNNINGHAM, WILLIAM 4:1-2 Curiosity learning theory 9:192 reinforcement 9:142 stimulation drives 15:266 Curnow, R. N. screening and selection 14:124 Currency 10:435, 444 balance of payments 8:4 exchange rates 8:11 inflation and deflation 7:291 monetary reform 10:453, 454, 455 see also Money
Currency and Credit (Hawtrey) 6:328 Currency conversion monetary reform 10:455 Current Sociology (journal) 7:307 Currie, Brainerd conflict of laws 3:251 Curtailed inspection quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:227 Curtailed sampling quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:227 Curtis, Benjamin constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:306 Curtis, Charles P. Whitehead, Alfred North 16:534 Curvature of surfaces Wald, Abraham 16:437 Curve fitting approximations to distributions 4:231 goodness of fit 6:199 linear hypotheses: regression 9:321 Curves, Concentration: see Concentration curves Curves, Frequency: see Frequency curves Custody and internment: see Internment and custody Customary law international legislation 7:553, 554 Customs (culture) anthropology 1:340 conflict of laws 3:248 culture 3:548 culture and personality 3:560, 561, 563 international legislation 7:555 law and legal institutions 9:74, 75, 76 Montesquieu 10:473 norms 11:204 Ortega y Gasset, Jose 11:344 police 12:178, 179 ritual 13:520 state: the institution 15:148 Tonnies, Ferdinand 16:101 Customs (economic) integration, regional 7:525
fCAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-] |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
Data analysis
INDEX tariffs and protectionism 8:114 trade agreements 8:129 Customs union 7:542, 543 integration, regional 7:525 international trade 8:90 tariffs and protectionism 8:114 trade agreements 8:134 Cusum schemes: see Cumulative sum schemes Cuvier, Georges typologies 16:181 CUVILLIER, ARMAND 4:3 CYBERNETICS 4:3-6 information theory 7:331 Lotka, Alfred J. 9:476 motivation 10:509 religion, sociology of 13:410 statistics 15:222 systems analysis 15:457 Wiener, Norbert 16:545 Cybernetics: or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine (Wiener) 4:4 Cycle of life: see Life cycle Cycles agriculture 1:220 business cycles 2:226 housing: economic aspects 6:523 periodization 11:581, 582 social change 14:370 statistical method, history of 15:230 statistics 15:214 time series 16:51 time series: cycles 16:70 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:81 Vico, Giovanni Battista 16:315 Cycles, Business: see Business cycles Cyclical unemployment employment and unemployment 5:54 welfare state 16:518 Cyclopedia of American Government 7:322 Cyprus foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 Czechoslovakia academic freedom 1:8 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:145
communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:152,153 communism, international movement 3:121 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:522 nationalism 11:66 philanthropy 12:75 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:110, 115 Czekanowski, Jan ethnology 5:180
D DGB: see German Union Federation DNA: see Deoxyribonucleic acid DZ: see Dizygotic twins Dacey, Michael F. geography, statistical 6:149 Dahl, Robert A. authority 1:475 Coker, Francis W. 2:553 Michels, Robert 10:269 public administration 13:148 rules of the game 13:572 systems analysis, political 15:475 Dahling, Randall L. information theory 7:333 Dahomean Narrative: A Crosscultural Analysis (Herskovits and Herskovits) 6:353 Dahomey religious specialists: anthropological study 13:443 Dahreiidorf, Ralf social class 15:309 D'Alembert, Jean le Rond: see Alembert, Jean le Rond d' Dam, H. ten economy, dual 4:498 Dance drama 4:256 D'Andrade, Roy G. ethnology 5:183 Daniell, P. J. order statistics 11:183 Danilevski, Nikolai la. pan movements 11:367
177
Dante Benini, Rodolfo 2:54 Dark: see Light Darkness at Noon (Koestler) literature: political fiction 9:435, 438 Darley, John G. vocational interest testing 16:348 Darling, D. A. goodness of fit 6:203, 205 DARWIN, CHARLES 4:7-14 Cooley, Charles H. 3:378 developmental psychology 4:137 emotion 5:37 evolution, concept of 5:207 Fisher, R. A. 5:490 Galton, Francis 6:49 historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:381 instinct 7:364 fol. kinesics 8:380 Lubbock, John 9:487 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:39 race 13:265 social Darwinism 14:403 Spencer, Herbert 15:122 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:172 Darwin, Erasmus evolution, concept of 5:208 Darwinism Baldwin, James Mark 1:511 Dewey, John 4:156 evolution 5:207, 209 Marett, Robert Ranulph 9:566 psychology, comparative 13:51 Veblen, Thorstein 16:304 Darwinism, Social: see Social Darwinism Dasein psychology, existential 13:76, 81 Dashiell, John F. motivation 10:508 Data, Counted: see Counted data Data, Economic: see Economic data Data, Transformations of: see Transformations of data Data analysis clustering 2:519 errors, nonsampling 5:129 hypothesis testing 7:47 science, philosophy of 14:88 statistics 15:207
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| j_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
178
INDEX
Data banks
see also Statistical analysis, Special problems of; Survey analysis Data banks information services 7:304, 310 public opinion 13:189 Data collection Quetelet, Adolphe 13:249 Data dredging hypothesis testing 7:42 significance, tests of 14:247 statistics 15:212 survey analysis, methods of 15:418 Data processing computation 3:192 economic data 4:368 engineering psychology 5:84, 85 information services 7:310 Dating (archeology) 1:381, 387 culture history 6:451 periodization 11:581 Petrie, W. M. Flinders 12:65 see also Absolute dating; Crossdating; Potassium-argon dating; Radiocarbon dating; Thermoluminescent dating DA YEN ANT, CHARLES 4:14-16 Davenport, Charles B. genetics, demography and population 6:105 DAVENPORT, HERBERT J. 4:16-17 David, F. N. multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:549 David, Jacques art and society 5:445 DAVIDSON, DAVID 4:17-18 Davidson, Donald decision making: psychological aspects 4:36 Davis, Allison intelligence and intelligence testing 7:424 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222 Davis, Harold E. Latin American political movements 9:44 Davis, James A. social class, measurement of 15:318 Davis, Kingsley fertility 5:371 functional analysis 6:29
mental health 10:219 stratification, social 15:290 Davis, Ross D. conflict of interest 3:244 Davis-Bacon Act (U.S. 1931) wage and hour legislation 16:420 Davis-Eells games intelligence and intelligence testing 7:424 Davison, W. P. simulation: political processes 14:276 Davitz, Joel R. aggression 1:170 DAVY, GEORGES 4:18-19 tribal society 16:146 Dawes Act (U.S. 1887) constitutional law: civil rights 3:314 Dawn of European Civilization., The (Childe) 2:390, 391 Dawson, John P. judicial recruitment 8:323 Day, Richard H. demand and supply: econometric studies 4:110 Daydreams fantasy 5:327 De civitate Dei (Augustine): see City of God, The (Augustine) De republica Anglorum (Smith) constitutions and constitutionalism 3:322 DEATH 4:19-28 DEATH AND BEREAVEMENT 4:
19-26
THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF DEATH 4:26-28
aging: psychological aspects 1:184 Christianity 2:429 descent groups 8:402 historiography, African 6:394 mortality 10:499, 502 parapsychology 11:394 suicide: psychological aspects (1) 15:387
suicide: social aspects 15:379 vital statistics 16:340, 342 see also Mortality Death instinct aggression: psychological aspects 1:168 Freud, Sigmund 6:10
Homey, Karen 6:513 suicide: psychological aspects 15:391 Death penalty capital punishment 2:290 homicide 3:490 military law 10:314 Death rates internment and custody 8:145 Korosy, Jozsef 8:447 life tables 9:293 fol. mortality 10:499 fol. population: the field of demography 12:345 population composition 12:364 population growth 12:380 population policies 12:383 war 16:466 Westergaard, Harald 16:528 Death taxes 15:555 Death wish: see Death instinct Debt, Personal consumer assets 3:345 financial intermediaries 5:432 installment credit 7:357 DEBT, PUBLIC 4:28-34 fiscal policy, wartime 5:472 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:528 liquidity preference 9:405 local finance 9:449 money 10:426 Decentralization 2:370 antitrust legislation 1:350 Chinese society 2:418, 419, 421 city: metropolitan government 2:461 city: modern city 2:456 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:156 federalism 5:357 government 6:219, 222, 223 local government 9:452 organizational intelligence 11:326 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:317 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:115, 117 police 12:175 strikes 8:500 Deciles psychometrics 13:111
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Decision theory
INDEX statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:236 Decimals tabular presentation 15:499 Decision function (statistics): see Strategy (statistics) DECISION MAKING 4:34-62 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS 4:34-42 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 4:42-55 POLITICAL ASPECTS 4:55-62
access to politics 1:10 administrative behavior 1:74, 76 administrative function 1:61 aggregation 1:162 agriculture: capital 1:234 agriculture: developing countries 1:259 Bentley, Arthur F. 2:60 budgeting, government 2:185 bureaucracy 2:212, 214 business cycles 2:246 business history 6:474 business management 2:249 fol. centralization and decentralization 2:373 city: modern city 2:457 coalitions 2:524 common law systems 9:212 communication, political 3:100 communism, economic organization of 3:134 community power 3:158, 160, 161 Condorcet 3:214 corporation 3:402 cost 3:407, 413 crisis 3:510 fol. cross pressure 3:521 decision theory 4:62 deterrence 4:130 dictatorship 4:161 econometrics 4:356 economic data: the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe 4:370 economic expectations 4:389 economics 4:475 economics of defense 4:485 electoral systems 5:11 entrepreneurship 5:87 external economies and diseconomies 5:268, 273 federalism 5:361 field theory 5:415
foreign policy 5:530 government 6:226 government statistics 6:238 innovation 7:341 integration, functional 7:540 integration, regional 7:525 intelligence, political and military 7:419 interest groups 7:489 international conflict resolution 7:507 international law 7:549 international politics 8:53 international relations 8:62, 64 international relations: psychological aspects 8:80 inventory control theory 8:181 investment decision 8:194 investment function, aggregate 8:187, 192 judicial behavior 8:307 fol. judicial process 8:288, 291 judicial recruitment 8:324 judicial values 8:316, 317 Knight, Frank H. 8:425 law, sociology of 9:53 leadership: political aspects 9:110 legislatures 9:235 Lewin, Kurt 9:268 Lippmann, Walter 9:392 lobbying 9:442 local government 9:452 local politics 9:459, 462 majority rule 9:536, 538 military policy 10:319, 323 money 10:428 national interest 11:36, 38 negotiation 11:118 operations research 11:293 organizations 11:302 planning, development 12:123 planning, regional and urban 12:129 police 12:178 policy sciences 12:181 political behavior 12:206, 207 political executive 12:230, 233 political opinion 13:202 political process 12:267 political science 12:284 pricing policies 12:459
179
problem solving 12:505 production 12:512 profit 12:549 programming 12:557 public administration 13:148, 150 reason analysis 13:340 regional science 13:383, 385 regulation of industry 13:396 representational systems 13:472 simulation: political processes 14:275, 277, 279 sub-Saharan African society 1:141 survey analysis: applications in economics 15:429 systems analysis, international 15:481 systems analysis, political 15:474 systems analysis, social 15:470, 471 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:619 transportation: social aspects 16:131 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:375 Wald, Abraham 16:435 war 16:464, 465 see also Choice Decision-making as an Approach to the Study of International Politics (Snyder, Bruck, and Sapin) 8:62 DECISION THEORY 4:62-66 administrative behavior 1:77 attention 1:448 concept formation 3:209 crisis 3:513 decision making: psychological aspects 4:34 game theory: economic applications 6:69 Girshick, Meyer A. 6:192 hypothesis testing 7:46 jurisprudence 8:336 nonparametric statistics 11:182 probability 12:502 sequential analysis 14:191 significance, tests of 14:247 statistical method, history of 15:230
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 j_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
180
Declaration of Independence
statistics 15:212 Wald, Abraham 16:435 Declaration of Independence Jefferson, Thomas 8:250 natural rights 11:89 Declaration of the Rights of Man (1789) 3:56 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of Citizens, The (Jellinek) 8:253 Declaration on the Granting of Independence (U.N.) colonialism: political aspects 3:3 Declaratory theory adjudication 1:45 Decline of the West, The (Spengler) 15:128 Decolonization North African society 1:125, 132 see also Colonization Decomposition distributions, mixtures of 4:236, 240
programming 12:557 Decreasing cost industries external economies and diseconomies 5:271 Decreasing marginal utility, Principle of 16:237, 239, 252 Decree laws administrative law 1:82 delegation of powers 4:72 Decretum (Gratian): see Concordantia Discordantium Canonum Deductions personal income taxes 15:533 Deductive model of explanation 14:118 science, philosophy of 14:88 Deepening of investment investment decision 8:196, 197 Deetz, James archeology 1:384, 390 Defense, Department of (U.S.) economics of defense 4:490 Defense, Economics of: see Economics of defense Defense, Secretary of (U.S.) military psychology 10:337 Defense Documentation Center (U.S.) information services 7:308 Defence Intelligence Staff (Great Britain) 7:417
DEFENSE MECHANISMS 4:66-71 adolescence 1:88, 89 Angyal, Andras 1:304 client-centered counseling 10:180
culture and personality 3:562 fantasy 5:332 Freud, Sigmund 6:4, 9 homeostasis 6:501 interaction and personality 7:459, 460 internment and custody 8:147 mental disorders, childhood 10:159 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:243 paranoid reactions 11:382 personality development 11:610 phobias 12:83 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:7 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:12 psychoanalysis: therapeutic methods 13:35 stress 15:344 Defence of the Realm Act (Great Britain 1914) delegation of powers 4:73 Deficit spending fiscal policy 5:463 Defilement: see Pollution Definition in science science, philosophy 14:85 Deflation 7:289 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:128 see also Inflation and deflation Deflationary gap income and employment theory 7:125 Degan, J. W. judicial behavior 8:309 De Gaulle, Charles presidential government 12:455 Degenerationism evolution, cultural 5:222 De Gobineau, Joseph Arthur: see Gobineau, Joseph Arthur de Degrees of freedom analysis of variance 9:325 counted data 3:419, 423
INDEX multivariate analysis 10:530, 534 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:548 Deity: see God Delayed alternation nervous system: brain stimulation 11:152 Delayed gratification psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:7 Delayed Reaction in Animals and Children (Hunter) 7:8 DELEGATION OF POWERS 4:72-74 administrative law 1:82 centralization and decentralization 2:372 constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:305 crisis government 3:515 legislation 9:223 parliamentary government 11:423 Delgado, Jose M. R. nervous system: brain stimulation 11:152
Deliberative societal history history and the social sciences 6:435, 437 DELINQUENCY 4:74-96 THE STUDY OF DELINQUENCY
4:74-81 SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS 4:81-85 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS 4:86-93 DELINQUENT GANGS 4:93-96
adolescence 1:95 character disorders 2:381, 382 crime: offense patterns 3:478 criminology 3:506 evaluation research 5:198 mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:128 probation and parole 11:519 psychiatry, child 12:616 psychology, constitutional 13:74 psychopathic personality 13:118 social work 14:502 Delta method linear hypotheses: regression 9:322 Delusions attitudes 1:455 paranoid reactions 11:380 schizophrenia 14:45
TCAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Democracy
De Man, Hendrik: see Man, Hendrik de Demand 4:96 advertising: economic aspects 1:108 agriculture 1:251 automation 1:484, 487 commodity agreements, international 3:19 conservation: economic aspects 3:285 consumer behavior 3:351 consumer's surplus 3:354 consumption function 3:359 Cournot, Antoine Augustin 3:428 distributed lags 4:214 economic equilibrium 4:377, 380 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:418 economics 4:473 employment and unemployment 5:49 Engel, Ernst 5:63 Giffin, Robert 6:182 Hansen, Alvin 6:321 housing: economic aspects 6:523 inflation and deflation 7:291 innovation 7:342, 343 international trade 8:89 international trade: mathematical theory 8:103 investment function, aggregate 8:186, 189 Keynes, John Maynard 8:369 Marshall, Alfred 10:28 money: quantity theory 10:440 Mun, Thomas 10:560 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:402 productivity 12:535 transportation: economic aspects 16:135 utility 16:238, 245, 253 Demand, Consumer: see Consumer demand Demand and Price Analysis (Waugh) 4:109 DEMAND AND SUPPLY 4:96-111 GENERAL 4:96-104 ECONOMETRIC STUDIES 4:104-111
agriculture: history 1:222 balance of payments 8:7 Benini, Rodolfo 2:53
Cantillon, Richard 2:269 city: comparative urban structure 2:471 commodity agreements, international 3:20 communism, economic organization of 3:136 competition 3:183 cost 3:406 econometrics 4:354 economic equilibrium 4:377 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:435 economics 4:474 elasticity 4:543 exchange rates 8:11 financial intermediaries 5:434 income distribution: functional share 7:141 innovation 7:341 interest 7:477 investment function, aggregate 8:186 labor force: participation 8:475 licensing, occupational 9:284 liquidity preference 9:401 markets and industries 9:577 Marshall, Alfred 10:27, 31 modernization: social aspects 10:391, 393 monetary policy 10:422 money: quantity theory 10:438 monopoly 10:460 Moore, Henry L. 10:480 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:403 pricing policies 12:457 rent 13:456, 458 Schultz, Henry 14:65 stock-flow analysis 15:273 wages 16:399, 404, 406 water resources 16:477 West, Edward 16:528 see also Demand; Supply Demand curves 4:97 aggregation 1:165 Benini, Rodolfo 2:53 business management 2:252 Dupuit, Jules 4:308 interest 7:475 liquidity preference 9:397 Moore, Henry L. 10:480 oligopoly 11:288
181
statistical identifiability 15:203 utility 16:247 Dembo, Tamara Lewin, Kurt 9:267 Dementia Praecox: Or the Group of Schizophrenias (Bleuler) 2:85 Demerit rating quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:228 Demilitarization neutralism and nonalignment 11:166 DEMOCRACY 4:112-121 Aristotle 1:409 Bryce, James 2:159, 161 bureaucracy 2:216 Calvin, John 2:259 capitalism 2:296 civil disobedience 2:483 civil-military relations 2:492 Coker, Francis W. 2:553 consensus 3:266, 268, 269 conservation: political and social aspects 3:275 Cooley, Charles H. 3:380 cooperatives 3:391 crisis government 3:517 delegation of powers 4:72 dictatorship 4:162, 167 elections, functions of 5:1, 5 electoral systems 5:18 federalism 5:357 freedom 5:557 general will 6:86 government 6:216, 222, 223, 226 Green, T. H. 6:256 Hamilton, Alexander 6:314 Hauriou, Maurice 6:327 intelligence, political and military 7:420 interest groups 7:490 international relations: ideological aspects 8:70, 71 labor unions in the United States 8:534 Latin American political movements 9:45 leadership 9:102, 107, 110 legitimacy 9:247 Lippmann, Walter 9:392 local politics 9:463 majority rule 9:536, 537 Mannheim, Karl 9:560
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
182
INDEX
Democracy and Education
mass society 10:61 Merriam, Charles E. 10:257 Michels, Robert 10:267, 270 modernization 10:392, 398 Montesquieu 10:471 national socialism 11:48 Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. 11:348, 350 parliamentary government 11:419 planning, social 12:126 Plato 12:161 police 12:178 political culture 12:221 political efficacy 12:225, 227 political executive 12:232 political opinion 13:199, 200 political participation 12:253, 262 political theory 12:315 politics, comparative 12:331 power 12:408 propaganda 12:587 Protestant political thought 12:603 radicalism 13:296 representation: theory 13:463 representational behavior 13:474 responsibility 13:498 rules of the game 13:571 Schumpeter, Joseph A. 14:71 social contract 14:379 socialism 14:523 societies, small 14:575 sociology of work 7:236 state 15:154 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:90 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:370 see also Industrial democracy; Social democracy Democracy and Education (Dewey) 4:157 Democracy in America (Tocqueville) 12:331; 16:90 Democratic centralism communism, international movement 3:120,124 Democratic nationalism international relations: ideological aspects 8:71 Democratic Party (U.S.) identification, political 7:59 Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. 11:349 political clubs 12:216 political financing 12:240
Demographic transition, Theory of: see Vital revolution, Theory of the Demography 12:342 aging: social aspects 1:186 assimilation 1:439 Benini, Rodolfo 2:52 blindness 2:89 Booth, Charles 2:125 cohort analysis 2:546 conflict: anthropological aspects 3:239 economic growth 4:400, 401 epidemiology 5:100 family: disorganization and dissolution 5:316 fertility 5:372, 375 fertility control 5:384 genetics, demography and population 6:102 Gini, Corrado 6:189 Graunt, John 6:253 homosexuality 14:228 Humboldt, Alexander von 6:546 industrialization: social aspects 7:268 King, Gregory 8:385 Korosy, Jozsef 8:446 Kulischer, Eugene 8:465 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:25 Lotka, Alfred J. 9:475 Malthus, Thomas Robert 9:549 migration: social aspects 10:286 mortality 10:500 nuptiality 11:223 rural society 13:582 smoking 14:336 social change 14:368 social research, early history of 15:37 fol. social work 14:496 sociology 15:2, 3, 5 statistical method, history of 15:226 suicide: psychological aspects 15:392 Sundt, Eilert Lund 15:410 survey analysis 15:412 Siissmilch, Johann Peter 15:436 war 16:470 Willcox, Walter F. 16:554 see also Population
De Moivre, Abraham: see Moivre, Abraham de Demolins, Edmond Le Play, Frederic 9:88, 89 Demonstration effect 16:508 Demoralization collective behavior 2:559 Dendrite nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:130 Dendrochronology archeology 1:389 Dendrogram clustering 2:522 Denial process psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:9 stress 15:345 Denmark adult education 1:101 civil disobedience 2:481 cooperatives 3:395 economic growth 4:397 electoral systems 5:8, 14, 17 fertility control 5:387 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:524 jurisprudence 8:339 land 8:562 local government 9:454 migration: economic aspects 10:294 monetary reform 10:455 oligopoly 11:284 population composition 12:365. 367 prostitution 12:597 sales and excise taxes 15:552 suicide: psychological aspects 15:392 vital statistics 16:341 Denominationalism religious observance 13:422, 424 religious organization 13:434 sects and cults 14:131 Denotation (semantics) 14:165 Density functions distributions, special continuous 4:223 distributions, special discrete 4:222 goodness of fit 6:199 probability, formal 12:495
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"j |_cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Designation (semiotics)
INDEX Deoxyribonucleic acid genetics and behavior 6:97 Department of Health, Education and Welfare 13:168 Dependence conformity 3:257 drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:270 religion: psychological study 13:419 socialization: psychological aspects 14:540 Dependence, Statistical errors, nonsampling 5:122 errors in statistical assumptions 5:135 Markov chains 9:581 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:545 probability, formal 12:490 Dependent territories trusteeship 16:159 fol. Dependent variables linear hypotheses: regression 9:310 simultaneous equation estimation 14:283 survey analysis, methods of 15:411, 414, 416 tabular presentation 15:503, 504 Depersonalization delinquency: psychological aspects 4:89 Depletion of resources conservation: economic aspects 3:281 Deposit banking 1:513 Deposits, Bank: see Bank deposits Depreciation cost 3:407 exchange rates 8:13 international monetary organization 8:19 investment function, aggregate 8:189 national wealth: estimation 11:53 Depression (psychological): see Depressive disorders Depressions (economic) 4:481 business cycles 2:239, 241 Fisher, Irving 5:480 income and employment theory 7:122
Keynes, John Maynard 8:370 suicide: psychological aspects 15:391 tariffs and protectionism 8:115 Tugan-Baranovskii, Mikhail I. 16:165 Veblen, Thorstein 16:305 von Mises, Ludwig 16:380 —: 1930's banking, central 2:5 employment and unemployment 5:50 income distribution: functional share 7:138 international monetary organization 8:19 monetary policy 10:423 national socialism 11:48 price history 12:476 DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS 4:121-127 Abraham, Karl 1:2 Klein, Melanie 8:416 Kraepelin, Emil 8:449 mental disorders: biological aspects 10:146, 147 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:200 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:244 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:23 psychosis 13:127 schizophrenia 14:45 Deprivation, Maternal: see Maternal deprivation Deprivation, Physical internment and custody 8:144 reinforcement 9:142 Deprivation, Relative delinquent gangs 4:95 reference groups 13:354, 357 social movements 14:446 Stouffer. Samuel A. 15:278 Deprivation, Sensory homeostasis 6:501 perceptual deprivation 11:551 perceptual development 11:537 sexual behavior, animal 14:198 stimulation drives 15:268 Deprivation, Social learning in children 9:181
183
mental retardation 10:232, 241 nativism and revivalism 11:77 Depth perception 11:540, 532 infant development 7:277 visual defects 16:338 Derham, William Siissmilch, Johann Peter 15:436 Derivations Pareto, Vilfredo 11:413 Derivative (calculus) mathematics 10:66 De Rousiers, Paul: see Rousiers, Paul de De Saussure, Ferdinand: see Saussure, Ferdinand de DESCARTES, RENE 4:127-130 Durkheim, Emile 4:313 interaction, social 7:429 Locke, John 9:470 natural law 11:84 phenomenology 12:68 Verstehen 16:309 Vico, Giovanni Battista 16:313 Descent kinship 8:390 fol., 401 Smith, William Robertson 14:333 Swanton, John Reed 15:439 see also Lineage Descent groups 8:401 anthropology, social 1:321 family: comparative structure 5:307, 309 kinship 8:391 marriage: comparative analysis 10:10, 13 marriage alliance 10:20 race 13:264 South Asian society 1:417 Descent of Man, The (Darwin) 4:11 Descriptive linguistics 9:354 anthropology 1:312 linguistics, historical 9:374 Sapir, Edward 14:13 see also Structural linguistics Descriptive statistics: see Statistics, Descriptive Desert Culture (Indians) 7:180, 190 Desertion family: disorganization and dissolution 5:316 Design of experiments: see Experimental design Designation (semiotics) 14:165
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[^cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
184
INDEX
Desires
Desires values 16:284 Despotism autocracy 1:478 dictatorship 4:161, 162, 164 Mercier de la Riviere 10:248 Montesquieu 10:471 systems analysis, social 15:464 Detachment homelessness 6:494 see also Alienation Determinism Freud, Sigmund 6:3, 7 instrumental learning 9:135 Kelsen, Hans 8:363 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:2 Schlick, Moritz 14:53, 55 scientific explanation 14:118 sociological thought, development of 15:27 Determinism, Cultural cultural relativism 3:544 Giddings, Franklin H. 6:177 interaction, symbolic 7:442 Determinism, Economic: see Economic determinism Determinism, Geographical Boas, Franz 2:101 environmentalism 5:93, 95 geography, cultural 6:132 Huntington, Ellsworth 7:26 Deterministic models models, mathematical 10:380 scaling 14:34 DETERRENCE 4:130-133 diplomacy 4:190 international relations 8:65 limited war 9:305, 307 military policy 10:322 negotiation 11:118 neutralism and nonalignment 11:167 nuclear war 11:215, 218, 221 systems analysis, international 15:482 technology and international relations 15:593 war 16:461 De Tocqueville, Alexis: see Tocqueville, Alexis de DP Tourville, Henri: see Tourville, Henri de
Detribalization 16:149 Deutsch, Felix psychosomatic illness 13:137 Deutsch, Karl W. communication, political: international aspects 3:98 integration, social 7:384, 385 international relations 8:63, 64 nation 11:12 political science 12:293 systems analysis, political 15:476 Deutsch, Morton cohesion, social 2:545 cooperation 3:388 field theory 5:412 group behavior 6:270 social psychology 14:467 Deutsche Genossenschaftsrecht, Das (Gierke) 6:178 Devaluation exchange rates 8:11 international trade 8:93 international trade: mathematical theory 8:102 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:128 trade agreements 8:135 Developing countries (underdeveloped countries) administrative function 1:65 agricultural tenancy 8:569 agriculture 1:202, 224, 232, 240, 246, 257 bureaucracy 2:211 capital movements, private international 8:29 capitalism 2:299 civil service 2: 500 colonialism: economic aspects 3:11 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:155 communism, international 3:122 community development 3:169, 171 consensus 3:268 cooperatives 3:395 credit, agricultural 3:466, 468 democracy 4:118 development banks 4:133 dictatorship 4:167 economic growth 4:397, 404
economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:422 economy, dual 4:495 electoral systems 5:11 export subsidies and dumping 8:123 external economies and diseconomies 5:272 food: world problems 5:502 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:521 foreign aid: political aspects 5:519 government 6:225 human rights 6:544 industrial disputes, settlement of 8:507 industrialization: economic aspects 7:255 industrialization: social aspects 7:265 industry, small 7:272 intellectuals 7:409 interest 7:474 international trade 8:90, 109 international trade: patterns of trade 8:112 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:126 investment decision 8:198 journalism 8:268 labor force: hours of work 8:490 labor relations 8:510 land reform 8:573 life tables 9:296 List, Friedrich 9:411 loyalty 9:485 Malthus, Thomas Robert 9:552 medical care: social aspects 10:93, 94 migration: economic aspects 10:297 migration: social aspects 10:286 modernization: social aspects 10:387 modernization: the bourgeoisie 10:408 money: quantity theory 10:444 mortality 10:500, 501 nationalization 11:74 neutralism and nonalignment 11:167
fCAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"] ^cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Diaz, Porftrio
office, misuse of 11:274, 275 optimum population theory 12:361 parliamentary government 11:425 patents 11:465, 471 philanthropy 12:75 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:106 plantations 12:159 political culture 12:220 political sociology 12:301 population 12:347, 357 population composition 12:364, 365 population distribution 12:373 population policies 12:382, 384 poverty 12:401 power transition 12:416 public opinion 13:192 revolution 13:506 societies, small 14:576 sociology of work 7:238 state trading 8:139 tariffs and protectionism 8:118 taxation 15:528 technical assistance 15:566 technology and international relations 15:590 totalitarianism 16:107 trade agreements 8:135 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:373 wages 16:409 war 16:462 workers 16:569 Development and Purpose (Hobhouse) 6:489 DEVELOPMENT BANKS 4:133-136 credit, government 3:465 Development of Capitalism in Russia, The (Lenin) 9:257 Development planning 12:118 architecture 1:396 community development 3:169 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:521, 525 Geddes, Patrick 6:82 industry, small 7:274 North African society 1:130 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:103 technical assistance 15:570
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 4:136-147 THE FIELD 4:136-140 A THEORY OF DEVELOPMENT 4:
140-
147
adolescence 1:84 Baldwin, James Mark 1:511 Biihler, Karl 2:200 concept formation 3:209 Gesell, Arnold L. 6:157 gestalt theory 6:170 Hall, G. Stanley 6:310 intellectual development 7:387 Koffka, Kurt 8:437 learning theory 9:193 Locke, John 9:469 moral development 10:487 perceptual development 11:535 personality 11:591 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:8 personality development 11:606 problem solving 12:506 psychiatry 12:611 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:9 self concept 14:155 sensory and motor development 14:183 socialization: psychological aspects 14:534 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:399 thinking 15:612
time: psychological aspects 15:26, 28 DEVIANT BEHAVIOR 4:148-155 aging: psychological aspects 1:183 character disorders 2:379 creativity 3:448 crime 3:474, 475 delinquency: sociological aspects 4:81 drinking and alcoholism: psychological aspects 4:264 drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:295 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:427 field theory 5:413 gambling 6:57 group behavior 6:273 illness 7:92
185
law, sociology of 9:58 military 10:310 norms 11:211 social class 15:307 social control 14:381 social problems 14:457 socialization, adult 14:561 Sutherland, Edwin H. 15:438 Deviation, Sexual: see Sexual deviation De Viti de Marco, Antonio: see Viti de Marco, Antonio De DeVos, George A. national character 11:16 DEWEY, JOHN 4:155-159 behavioral sciences 2:43 Bentley, Arthur F. 2: 59 educational psychology 4:535 Robinson, James Harvey 13:534 Dharma Hinduism 6:359 Indian political thought 7:171, 174 Dharma Sastras Indian political thought 7:175 Dharma Sutras Indian political thought 7:170, 171 Diachronic linguistics 9:360 Saussure, Ferdinand de 14:20 Diagnosis clinical psychology 2:515 psychology, applied 13:92 psychosis 13:127 Dialectical materialism Engels, Friedrich 5:67 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 6:343 jurisprudence 8:335, 339 Marx, Karl 10:36 periodization 11:583 Dialectics of Nature (Engels) 5:67 Dialectology 9:360 linguistics, historical 9:380 speech community 9:381 Dialogues (Plato) 12:161 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:430 Diaphragm (contraceptive) fertility control 5:383 Diary method time budgets 16:45 Diaz, Porfirio Middle American society 10:276
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
186
Dicey, Albert Venn
DICEY, ALBERT VENN 4:159-161 administration: administrative process 1:68 administrative law 1:81 Dichotomous cube survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:422 Dichotomous variables counted data 3:418 distributions, special discrete 4:219, 220 latent structure 9:34 linear hypotheses: regression 9:310 quantal response 13:237 sample surveys 13:604 statistics, descriptive: association 15:241 survey analysis: analysis of attribute data 15:420 tabular presentation 15:501 Dickinson, John constitutions and constitutionalism 3:320 Dickman, Kern factor analysis: psychological applications 5:285 Dicks, Henry V. mental health 10:219 Dickson, Hamilton Galton, Francis 6:51 Dickson, William J, errors, nonsampling 5:115 DICTATORSHIP 4:161-169 administration: administrative function 1:65 censorship 2:359 communism, Soviet 3:106 crisis government 3:515, 516 falangism 5:289 fascism 5:337 government 6:221 national socialism 11:46 social movements 14:442 totalitarianism 16-106 Trotsky, Leon 16:156 see also Caudillismo Dictionaries reference materials and books 7:323 Dictionary of Canadian Biography 7:323 Dictionary of National Biography 7:323
INDEX Dictionary of Politics, A 7:323 Dictionnaire de biographie francaise 7:323 Diderot, Denis art and society 5:444 evolution 5:208 Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:565 Diet famine 5:322 food: world problems 5:505 Dietary laws Judaism 8:274 Difference engine Babbage, Charles 1:491 Difference methods scaling 14:32 Difference scales 14:26 Difference threshold hearing 6:337 psychophysics 13:122 senses 14:174 Differential association crime, causes of 3:474 delinquency: sociological aspects 4:82 Sutherland, Edwin H. 15:438 white-collar crime 3:487 Differential equations mathematics 10:67 statics and dynamics in economics 15:172, 174 systems analysis 14:455 Differential fertility 5:377 Differential psychology Binet, Alfred 2:75 individual differences 7:200 Differentiation modernization: political aspects 10:397, 398 Differentiation (psychology) mental retardation 10:238 systems analysis, psychological 15:487, 490, 491, 492, 493 Differentiation, Social: see Social differentiation Difficulty, Index of psychometrics 13:100 Diffuse prior distribution Bayesian inference 2:31 Diffuseness-specificity: see Specificitydiffuseness
DIFFUSION 4:169-185 CULTURAL DIFFUSION 4: 169-173 THE DIFFUSION OF INNOVATIONS
4:174-178 INTERPERSONAL INFLUENCE 4:178-185
adult education 1:105 agriculture: history 1:213 consumer assets 3:347 ethnohistory 6:441 geography, statistical 6:149 innovation 7:341 Ogburn, William Fielding 11:278 speech community 9:382 Tarde, Gabriel 15:512 technical assistance 15:565, 568 see also Cultural diffusion; Cultural fusion; Interpersonal influence Digby, Margaret cooperatives 3:395 Digital computation 3:192 Diglossia linguistics 9:363 Dilger, William C. ethology 5:188 Dillon, John F. local government 9:452 Dillon's Rule local government 9:452 DILTHEY, WILHELM 4:185-187 Ebbinghaus, Hermann 4:326 generations 6:89 history, philosophy of 6:429 phenomenology 12:71 religion, sociology of 13:408 Troeltsch. Ernst 16:153 typologies 16:181 Verstehen 16:311 Diminishing returns, law of Malthus. Thomas Robert 9:550 production 12:513 Ricardo, David 13:508 statics and dynamics in economics 15:169 West, Edward 16:527 Din, Jamal alpan movements 11:369 Dingley Tariff Act (U.S. 1897) trade agreements 8:130 Dinka stateless societv 15:159
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Disengagement
Dionysian typologies 16:184 Dionysius Exiguus canon law 2:263 DIPLOMACY 4:187-192 balance of power 1:508 communication, political: international aspects 3:96 foreign aid: political aspects 5:514 foreign policy 5:531 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:38 international politics 8:56 international relations: psychological aspects 8:80 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:510 Namier, L. B. 11:5 negotiation 11:117, 118, 119 presidential government 12:452 fol. technology and international relations 15:591 Diplomatic immunity international crimes 7:516 Direct taxes 15:522 communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:148 Directional choice, Theory of utility 16:255 Dirichlet distributions: see Bivariate beta distributions Disability fringe benefits 16:425 life tables 9:297 vocational rehabilitation 16:350 welfare state 16:516 workmen's compensation 16:572 DISARMAMENT 4:192-202 international relations 8:65 military power potential 10:331 national security 11:42 neutralism and nonalignment 11:171 peace 11:490 Richardson, Lewis Fry 13:515 DISASTERS 4:202-207 collective behavior 2:558 mass phenomena 10:55, 57 rumor 13:577 social science fiction 14:475 stress 15:340 Disciples monasticism 10:417
Discipline collective bargaining 8:494 military 10:308 police 12:130 socialization: psychological aspects 14:539 Discount rate (bank rate) banking, central 2:3 fol. Discours sur I'origine de I'inegalite
(Rousseau) 13:564 Discourse on Method (Descartes) 4:128 interaction, social 7:429 Discovery innovation 7:339 science, sociology of 14:98 Discrepancy, Measure of goodness of fit 6:202, 203, 204 Discrete distributions 4:217 estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:153 Fisher, R. A. 5:486 Poisson, Simeon Denis 12:170 probability, formal 12:494 Discrete programming 12:559 Discrete variables probability, formal 12:494 statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:193 Discriminant functions multivariate analysis 10:535, 553 Discriminant validity psychometrics 13:108 Discrimination (sensory) 14:174 psychophysics 13:123 Discrimination (statistics) multivariate analysis: classification and discrimination 10:553 significance, tests of 14:244 Discrimination (testing) achievement testing 1:38 psychometrics 13:99, 100 DISCRIMINATION, ECONOMIC 4:208-210 employment and unemployment 5:55 wages 16:410 Discrimination, Index of achievement testing 1:38 psychometrics 13:100, 101
187
Discrimination, Social assimilation 1:442 constitutional law: civil rights 3:316 ideology and the social system 7:79 labor force: participation 8:477 minorities 10:365 prejudice 12:446, 448 race relations 13:271, 275 social control 14:389 social mobility 14:436 see also Segregation Discrimination learning 9:143 Claparede, Edouard 2:502 concept formation 3:206, 207, 210 Hull, Clark L. 6:538 imitation 7:97 infant development 7:277 instrumental learning 9:131 intellectual development 7:390, 392 Kohler, Wolfgang 8:439 learning 9:119, 120 learning in children 9:178 learning theory 9:190, 195 models, mathematical 10:378 motivation, human 10:516 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:152 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:146 psychology, physiological 13:64 reinforcement 9:137 simulation: individual behavior 14:267 stimulation drives 15:267 Disease, Concepts of epidemiology 5:98 ethnomedicine 10:88 health 6:330, 331 hysteria 7:48 illness 7:90 medical personnel 10:113 mental disorders, treatment of: psychological treatment 10:175 mental health 10:215 psychosis 13:127 psychosomatic illness 13:136 public health 13:164 Disenchantment (Entzauberung) alienation 1:266 DISENGAGEMENT 4:211-213
TCAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers,!
188
INDEX
Disengagement (psychological)
Disengagement (psychological) aging: psychological aspects 1:179, 182, 190, 193 Disengagement in Europe (Howard) 4:213 Disguised unemployment 5:53 Dishonesty moral development 10:484 Disinhibition Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:483 Disobedience, Civil: see Civil disobedience Disorganization, Social community disorganization 3:163 deviant behavior 4:152 disasters 4:206 family: disorganization and dissolution 5:313 social problems 14:455 social science fiction 14:475 sociological thought 15:24 suicide: social aspects 15:382 Dispersion (statistics) 15:215, 238 Bortkiewicz, Ladislaus von 2:129 Gini, Corrado 6:188 Lexis, Wilhelm 9:272 variances, statistical study of 16:292 Dispersion, Index of Bortkiewicz, Ladislaus van 2:129 counted data 3:424 Lexis, Wilhelm 9:272 Displacement conflict: psychological aspects 3:223 mental disorders, childhood 10:159 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:243 phobias 12:83 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:6 Displacement activity ethology 5:191 Display and exchange: see Exchange and display Disposable income, Personal: see Personal disposable income Disposition emotion 5:39 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:3 Disquisitiones arithmeticae (Gauss) 6:75
Dissensus 3:262 Mannheim, Karl 9:559 Dissociation suggestion 15:373 Dissonance theory attitudes 1:463 field theory 5:415 motivation 10:513 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:615, 620 Distance Gini, Corrado 6:189 goodness of fit 6:205 mathematics 10:73 Distance models scaling 14:34 DISTRIBUTED LAGS 4:214-217 Fisher, Irving 5:482 investment function, aggregate 8:191 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:429 Distribution (economics) business management 2:253 economic growth 4:409, 412 financial intermediaries 5:437 food: consumption patterns 5:508 hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:24 internal trade 7:493, 494, 495 public expenditures 13:161 Distribution, Probability: see Probability distributions Distribution, Rules of equality 5:104 Distribution-free statistics: see Nonparametric statistics Distribution function: see Cumulative distribution function Distribution of income: see Income distribution Distribution of powers constitutional law 3:300 delegation of powers 4:72 federalism 5:353 power 12:408 systems analysis, political 15:474 voluntary associations 16:376 Distribution of Wealth, The (Clark) 2:505
Distribution of Wealth, The (Commons) 3:23
Distribution processes income distribution: size 7:145 rank-size relations 13:319 size distributions in economics 14:295 trade and markets 16:120 Distributionist School: see Historical School (anthropology) DISTRIBUTIONS, STATISTICAL 4:217-241 SPECIAL DISCRETE DISTRIBUTIONS 4:217-223 SPECIAL CONTINUOUS DISTRIBUTIONS 4:223-230 APPROXIMATIONS TO DISTRIBUTIONS
4:230-235 MIXTURES OF DISTRIBUTIONS
4:235-241 formal probability 12:494 goodness of fit 6:199 income distribution: size 7:150 order statistics 11:183 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:251, 254 statistical method, history of 15:225, 228 statistics 15:215 see also names of specific distributions such as Bivariate distributions: Normal distributions Distributive justice 8:344 District councils 8:535, 537 Districting apportionment 1:366, 368 Disturbed periodicity, Scheme of time series: cycles 16:71, 77 Disulfiram mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:198 Disutility 16:248 Dittes, James E. conformity 3:259 Divergence (vision) eye movements 16:328 Dividends income distribution: functional share 7:132 Divination religious specialists: anthropological study 13:440 Divine Comedy, The (Dante) Benini, Rodolfo 2:54
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| I cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers.)
INDEX
Domestication
Divine kingship 8:386 Frazer, James George 5:552 legitimacy 9:244 Seligman, C. G. 14:161 Divine plan Christianity 2:427 Divine right Islam 8:212 legitimacy 9:246 responsibility 13:498 Divine will Vattel, Emer de 16:301 DIVISIA, FRANCOIS 4:241-243 Divisia index Divisia, Francois 4:242 Division of labor agriculture: social organization 1:210 alienation 1:266 Berkeley, George 2:63 community-society continua 3:176, 179 crafts 3:431 Durkheim, Emile 4:313 economic anthropology 4:360 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:426 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:430, 432 economics 4:476 economy and society 4:503 educational systems 4:514 evolution, cultural 5:225 external economies and diseconomies 5:272 Ferguson, Adam 5:369 food: consumption patterns 5: 509 group behavior 6:272 group performance 6:290 hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:24 integration, social 7:381 Islamic countries 11:93 medical personnel 10:115 occupations and careers 11:249 pastoralism 11:457 Plato 12:162 Smith, Adam 14:326 social class 15:309 societies, small 14:573 South Asian society 1:419 specialization and exchange 15:111, 114
technology 15:580 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:93 utilitarianism 16:231 Division of Labor in Society, The (Durkheim) 4:313 community-society continua 3:176 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:441 status, social 15:253 Division of powers constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:302 federalism 5:357 Montesquieu 10:472 Divorce conflict: anthropological aspects 3:239 descent groups 8:406 family: disorganization and dissolution 5:313, 314,316, 318 319, 320 Islam 8:213 judicial process: comparative aspects 8:297 marriage: comparative analysis 10:17 psychiatry, forensic 12:630 Waller, Willard W. 16:444 DIXON, ROLAND B. 4:243-245 Kidder, Alfred V. 8:378 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:456 Dixon, Wilfrid J. statistics 11:186, 187 Dizygotic twins mental disorders : genetic aspects 10:128, 130 Dobelle, W. H. color vision and color blindness 16:331 Dobu Benedict. Ruth 2:49 Dobzhansky, Theodosius evolution 5:204 Dr. Zhivago (Pasternak) literature: political fiction 9:437 Doctors: see Physicians Documentation ethnohistory 6:443 historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:382 history and the social sciences 6:437
189
Documents information storage and retrieval 7:302 Dodge, Harold F. sequential analysis 14:188 Dogen (Japanese monk) Buddhism 2:181 Dogmas of Administrative Reform (Coker) 2:552 Dogmatism scale personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:26 systems analysis, psychological 15:489, 493 Dogs drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:292, 293, 294 Hull, Clark L. 6:536 learning 9:115 Dolci, Danilo civil disobedience 2:481 Dollard, John advertising research 1:112 aggression: psychological aspects 1:169 conflict: psychological aspects 3:224 imitation 7:96 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222 socialization: anthropological aspects 14:545 Dollfuss, Engelbert socialism 14:521 Dollinger, Johann Acton, J.E.E.D. 1:40 Domar. Evsey D. economic growth 4:410 Domestic groups family: comparative structure 5:302 marriage: family formation 10:1 DOMESTICATION 4:245-254 THE FOOD-PRODUCING REVOLUTION
4:245-250 ANIMAL DOMESTICATION 4:250-254
culture history 6:454 Indians, North American 7:181 pastoralism 11:454 Sauer, Carl O. 14:18 village 16:318
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| I cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers. I
790
Dominance
see also Animal domestication; Food-producing revolution Dominance aggression: psychological aspects 1:169 ecology, human 4:333, 336 marriage: family formation 10:7 social behavior, primate 14:355 Dominic (saint) monasticism 10:419 Dominican Republic Caribbean society 2:306 literacy 9:413 population composition 12:365 Donation of Constantine canon law 2:264 Donatism Christianity 2:429 Donham, Wallace B. business history 6:475 Donnelly, Ignatius literature: political fiction 9:432 Donnison, David B. planning, welfare 12:145 Doob, Leonard W. attitude change 1:460 attitudes 1:449 cooperation 3:389 Dornbusch, Sanford M. content analysis 3:373 status, social 15:253 Dorsal column pain 11:361 Dorsal horn pain 11:362 Dorset culture hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:17 Dorsey, J. O. Sapir, Edward 14:11 Dorsolateral systems pain 11:361 Dostoevski, Feodor freedom 5:557 utopianism 16:270 Doty, R. W. nervous system: brain stimulation 11:153
Double blind experiments experimental design 5:247 psychopharmacology 4:287 statistics 15:216
[
INDEX Double decrement table life tables 9:296 Double entry (accounting) 1:15 Double exponential distributions: see Laplace distributions Double polytomy counted data 3:422 statistics, descriptive: association 15:244 Double sampling quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:227 sequential analysis 14:188 DOUHET, GIULIO 4:254-256 strategy 15:283 Doull, James A. epidemiology 5:98 Down payments installment credit 7:359 Downs, Anthony decision making: political aspects 4:58 systems analysis, political 15:475 Dowry marriage: comparative analysis 10:13 DSzoku (extended family) Japanese society 8:241, 242 Draft (military) fiscal policy, wartime 5:472 DRAMA 4:256-258 communication, mass: audiences 3:73 dramatism 7:449 honor 6:510 Dramatism 7:445 DREAMS 4:258-264 Abraham, Karl 1:3 Adler, Alfred 1:59 analytical psychology 1:281 fantasy 5:328 Jung, Carl Gustav 8:328 literature, psychology of 9:426, 427 parapsychology 11:393 phobias 12:84 projective techniques 12:562 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:42 Roheim, Geza 13:545 Seligman, C. G. 14:161 Woodworth, Robert S. 16:562 see also Daydreams
Dred Scott v. Sanford constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:304 Drees, W. budgeting as a political process 2:194 DRINKING AND ALCOHOLISM 4:264-275 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS 4:264-268 SOCIAL ASPECTS 4:268-275
criminal law 3:498 homelessness 6:498 homicide 3:491 Wicksell, Knut 16:539 Drive reduction drives, physiological 4:280 fantasy 5:330 Hull, Clark L. 6:536 learning 9:124 motivation 10:512 personality 11:595 Driver, Harold E. ethnology 5:181, 183, 184 DRIVES 4:275-286 PHYSIOLOGICAL DRIVES 4:275-280 ACQUIRED DRIVES 4:280-286
anxiety 1:360 ethology 5:190, 191 Holt, Edwin B. 6:493 homeostasis 6:501 Hull, Clark L. 6:536 instinct 7:369 interviewing: personality appraisal 8:165, 166 motivation 10:509, 512 personality 11:592, 595 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:3 psychology, comparative 13:55 Ratzenhofer, Gustav 13:329 stimulation drives 15:266 stress 15:339 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:403 Sumner, William Graham 15:408 Woodworth, Robert S. 16:562 Drives, Acquired: see Acquired drives Drives, Exploratory: see Exploratory drives Drives, Instinctual (Freudian): see Instinctual drives
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Durkheim, Emile
Drives, Stimulation: see Stimulation drives Drobisch, Moritz Wilhelm Quetelet, Adolphe 13:255 Droop, H. R. electoral systems 5:15 Dropouts errors, nonsampling 5:117 Drosophila individual differences 7:201 Drought famine 5:323 Drug addiction 4:290, 298 consumer sovereignty 3:330, 331 crime: offense patterns 3:483 criminal law 3:503 social science fiction 14:478 Drug therapy 4:288 mental disorders: experimental study 10:170 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:195, 197, 206 DRUGS 4:286-304 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 4:286-290 DRUG ADDICTION : ORGANIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS 4:290-
298 DRUG ADDICTION : SOCIAL ASPECTS 4:298-304
avoidance learning 9:153 consumer sovereignty 3:333 experiments, design of 5:247 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:197 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:155 quantalresponse 13:242 response surfaces 5:255 screening and selection 14:124 see also Drug addiction; Psychopharmacology Drugs, Psychotropic •. see Psychotropic drugs Dryopithecus evolution, primate 5:213 Drysdale, George Wicksell, Knut 16:539 Dual economy: see Economy, Dual Dual monarchy federalism 5:355
Dube, S. C. economy, dual 4:498 Dubin, Robert human relations in industry 7:242 DuBOIS, W. E. B. 4:304-305 Ducas dynasty feudalism 5:401 Due process academic freedom 1:7 administrative law 1:82 constitutional law: civil liberties 3:311 Duel delinquency 4:75 honor 6:508 justice 8:343 Dues labor unions (U.S.) 8:537 Duesenberry, James S. consumption function 3:364 DUGUIT, LEON 4:305-308 pluralism 12:166 Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:567 Duhem, Pierre science, history of 14:76 Dulles, Allen intelligence, political and military 7:419 Dulles, John Foster human rights 6:543 Dumont, Louis theology, primitive 15:607 Dumping (economics) communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:154 export subsidies and dumping 8:121 pricing policies 12:462 Duncan, David B. linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:341, 346, 349 Duncan, Otis Dudley ecology, human 4:329 population distribution 12:375 social class, measurement of 15:319, 320, 323 survey analysis 15:417 Duncan, Starkey D., Jr. mental disorders, treatment of: client-centered counseling 10:183
191
Dunlap, Knight instinct 7:367 mental disorders, treatment of: behavior therapy 10:190 Dunlop, John T. labor movement 8:520 Dunnett, Charles W. linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:338, 342 screening and selection 14:126 Dunning, William A. Ferguson, Adam 5:369 Merriam, Charles E. 10:255 Duplicity theory vision 16:324 DUPUIT, JULES 4:308-311 consumer's surplus 3:354 utility 16:239, 246 welfare economics 16:504 Durable goods consumer assets 3:344, 347 inventory behavior 8:179 Durbin-Watson ratio time series 16:53 Durham rule psychopathic personality 13:119 Durham v. United States psychiatry, forensic 12:631 DURKHEIM, EMILE 4:311-320 anthropology: the comparative method 1:339, 343 community-society continua 3:176 cooperation 3:387 creativity 3:448 criminology 3:507 culturology 3:550 Cuvillier, Armand 4:3 Davy, Georges 4:18 death and bereavement 4:24 deviant behavior 4:148, 151 ethical systems and social structures 5:159 evolution, cultural 5:225 family: comparative structure 5:305 Granet, Marcel 6:242 Halbwachs, Maurice 6:305 incest 7:117 integration, cultural 7:378 integration, social 7:381, 383 interaction, social 7:432, 437 knowledge, sociology of 8:430 legal system 9:60, 64, 65
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
192
Durup,G.
Le Play, Frederic 9:85 Levy-Bruhl, Lucien 9:263, 264 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:532 Mauss, Marcel 10:78 fol. moral development 10:486 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:414 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:28 pollution 12:337, 339 punishment 13:220 Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 13:287 religion: anthropological study 13:400, 402 religion, sociology of 13:409 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:441 ritual 13:521 Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:569 Smith, William Robertson 14:332 social change 14:367, 372 social class 15:298, 306 social control 14:382, 386, 387 social institutions: comparative study 14:421 social psychology 14:460 society 14:581 sociological thought 15:25 sociology 15:3, 6, 7, 9, 14 Spencer, Herbert 15:126 status, social 15:253 suicide: psychological aspects (1) 15:388 suicide: social aspects 15:377 fol. survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:426 survey analysis, methods of 15:413 systems analysis, social 15:461, 464 Tarde, Gabriel 15:509, 512 theology, primitive 15:605 Thomas, W. I. 16:5 time: social organization 16:30, 37 typologies 16:184 utilitarianism 16:233 Worms, Rene 16:580 Durup, G. learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:156 Duryea, Richard conformity 3:256 Dutch East India Company corporation 3:396 Southeast Asian society 1:429
INDEX Dutch East Indies: see Indonesia Dutch Reformed Church geography, cultural 6:133 DUTY 4:320-324 Hobbes, Thomas 6:485 responsibility 13:497 utilitarianism 16:228 see also Obligation; Responsibility Duverger, Maurice communism, international 3:128 parties, political: party systems 11:439,441, 445,446,447 parties, political: party units 11:429 Duwar (campsite) North African society 1:127 Dynamic equilibrium business cycles: mathematical models 2:246 profit 12:548 Dynamic models 10:380 Dynamic-organismic theories Lotka, Alfred J. 9:476 personality 11:589, 598 Dynamic programming 12:560 Dynamic psychology field theory 5:406 Holt, Edwin B. 6:493 Dynamic stereotypy Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:483 Dynamics and statics in economics: see Statics and dynamics in economics Dysfunction integration, social 7:382 social problems 14:456 structural-functional analysis 6:24 Dyslexia reading disabilities 13:335, 336 Dysstructures structural-functional analysis 6:24 Dystopia social science fiction 14:477
ECS: see Electroconvulsive shock ECSC: see European Coal and Steel Community ECT: see Electroconvulsive shock
EDC: see European Defense Community EEC: see European Economic Community EEG: see Electroencephalography EF: see European Fund El: see Eidetic images EPAM: see Elementary Perceiver and Memorizer EPU: see European Payments Union ESP: see Extrasensory Perception EST: see Electroconvulsive shock E scale systems analysis, psychological 15:489 Earley, William L. health 6:331 Early experience infancy: effects of early experience 7:285 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222 Earnings capital, human 2:285 see also Wages Earth Abides (Stewart) 14:476 Earth-science studies geography, statistical 6:145, 147, 150 East Germany: see Germany, East East India Company (Eng.) Burke, Edmund 2:224 Easter Island Metraux, Alfred 10:263 Oceanian society 11.- 254 Easterbrook, J. A. stress 15:339 Eastern Orthodox Church Christianity 2:431 millenarism 10:350 monasticism 10:416, 417, 418 religious organization 13:428 Easton, David access to politics 1:13 political anthropology 12:189 systems analysis, political 15:473, 475, 477 EBBINGHAUS, HERMANN 4:325328 forgetting 5:536 language, psychology of 9:2 learning 9:114
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Economic data
Miiller, Georg Elias 10:523 verbal learning 9:160 Ecclesiastical corporation canon law 2:264 Ecclesiastical music music and society 10:571 Echolocation communication, animal 3:35 Eckstein, Harry authority 1:475 Eckstein, Otto water resources 16:482 ECOLOGY 4:328-344 HUMAN ECOLOGY 4:328-337 CULTURAL ECOLOGY 4:337-344
social behavior, animal 14:360 see also Cultural ecology; Human ecology Ecology, Psychological: see Psychological ecology Econometric models aggregation 1:164 business cycles 2:247 decision making: economic aspects 4:45 demand and supply 4:110 econometrics 4:355 economic data 4:366 input-output analysis 7:345 international trade 8:96 inventory behavior 8:177 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:426, 433 simulation: economic processes 14:269 size distributions in economics 14:290 ECONOMETRIC MODELS, AGGREGATE 4:344-350 Econometric Society Clark, John Maurice 2:509 econometrics 4:351 Fisher, Irving 5:476 ECONOMETRICS 4:350-359 aggregation 1:163 Anderson, Oskar N. 1:285 Benini, Rodolfo 2:52 business cycles: mathematical models 2:245 Cournot, Antoine Augustin 3:427 cross-section analysis 3:522
decision making: economic aspects 4:45 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:104 distributed lags 4:214 Divisia, Francois 4:241 Dupuit, Jules 4:308 econometric models, aggregate 4:344 economic data 4:365 economic equilibrium 4:376 economic growth: mathematical models 4:417 Edgeworth, Francis Ysidro 4:506 Fisher, Irving 5:475 game theory: economic applications 6:69 index numbers: theoretical aspects 7:154 input-output analysis 7:345 international trade: mathematical theory 8:96 inventory behavior 8:178 inventory control theory 8:182 investment function, aggregate 8:191 Jevons, William Stanley 8:254 judicial behavior 8:312 Lange, Oskar 8:582 Launhardt, Wilhelm 9:48 Marshall, Alfred 10:25 Moore, Henry L. 10:480 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:399 Petty, William 11:66 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:425 production 12:511 production and cost analysis 12:519 programming 12:553 Schultz, Henry 14:65 simulation: economic processes 14:268 simultaneous equation estimation 14:281 size distributions in economics 14:295 Slutsky, Eugen 14:319 statics and dynamics in economics 15:175 time series 16:56 Economic aid 5:516, 521
193
Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 (Marx) alienation 1:264, 265 Economic and Social Council (U.N.) government statistics 6:235 international organization 8:34 international trade controls 8:131 migration: economic aspects 10:295 ECONOMIC ANTHROPOLOGY 4:359-365 anthropology, social 1:324 exchange and display 5:240 Herskovits, Melville Jean 6:354 land tenure 8:563 property 12:336 trade and markets 16:118 Economic Consequences of the Peace (Keynes) 8:368 Economic Cooperation Act (U.S. 1948) foreign aid: economic aspects 5:521 Economic Cycles (Moore) 10:480 ECONOMIC DATA 4:365-376 GENERAL 4:365-369 THE SOVIET UNION AND EASTERN EUROPE 4:370-372 MAINLAND CHINA 4:373-376 communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:149 consumer assets 3:342 consumption levels and standards 3:336 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:105 econometric models, aggregate 4:349 econometrics 4:358 economics 4:373 employment and unemployment 5:53 government statistics 6:231 income distribution: functional share 7:136 income distribution: size 7:145, 149 index numbers: practical applications 7:162 labor force 8:471, 472, 483 national income and product accounts 11:23
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
194
INDEX
Economic democracy
national wealth 11:52, 60 poverty 12:402 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:430 price history 12:471 strikes 8:502 time series 16:47 Economic democracy 4:113 Economic determinism Beard, Charles A. 2:35 Cournot, Antoine Augustin 3:428 economic expectations 4:390 Hankins, Frank H. 6:318 history, social 6:458 political sociology 12:299 Economic development 4:483 agriculture 1:219, 227, 257 Biicher, Karl 2:163 capital, social overhead 2:288 China, mainland 4:373 community-society continua 3:179 credit, agricultural 3:466 democracy 4:118 development banks 4:133 fol. economic anthropology 4:359 economic growth 4:395 economic history 6:468 economy, dual 4:495 external economies and diseconomies 5:272 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:521, 525 Hinduism 6:364 industrialization 7:253, 264, 265 industry, small 7:272, 274 internal trade 7:498 international trade: patterns of trade 8:109 labor relations: developing countries 8:510 land reform 8:573 Latin American political movements 9:39 List, Friedrich 9:410 Mexico 9:40 modernization: social aspects 10:387, 388, 393 modernization: the bourgeoisie 10:408 national wealth: estimation 11:57 planning, development 12:118, 120 planning resource 12:138
plantations 12:159 population 12:347 population composition 12:365 population policies 12:383 poverty 12:403 Schumpeter, Joseph A. 14:69 Smith, Adam 14:326 social change 14:373 socialism 14:531 societies, small 14:576 South American society 15:65, 71 Southeast Asian society 1:429, 436 Steuart, James Denham 15:265 technical assistance 15:565 technology 15:576 typologies 16:184 see also Developing countries; Economic growth Economic discrimination: see Discrimination, Economic ECONOMIC EQUILIBRIUM 4:376389
balance of payments 8:6 demand and supply 4:98 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:105 economics 4:474 external economies and diseconomies 5:268 Hansen, Alvin 6:322 income and employment theory 7:127 interest 7:476 fol. international trade 8:91 international trade: mathematical theory 8:103 Marshall, Alfred 10:30 Pigou, Arthur Cecil 12:95 rent 13:459 Robertson, Dennis Holme 13:531 Schumpeter, Joseph A. 14:68 statics and dynamics in economics 15:169, 170 stock-flow analysis 15:273, 274 utility 16:243 wages 16:399 see also Competitive equilibrium; Dynamic equilibrium; General equilibrium; Partial equilibrium; Stationary equilibrium ECONOMIC EXPECTATIONS 4:389395 distributed lags 4:216
inflation and deflation 7:297 investment function, aggregate 8:187 money: quantity theory of 10:438, 442 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:430 see also Risk; Uncertainty Economic forecasting: see Prediction and forecasting, Economic Economic geography 6:123 Baranskii, Nikolai N. 2:10 central place 2:365, 366 conservation: economic aspects 3:286 external economies and diseconomies 5:271 geography, cultural 6:133 international trade: patterns of trade 8:111 markets and industries 9:579 North African society 1:128 spatial economics: the partial equilibrium approach 15:95 sub-Saharan African society 1:143 Teleki, Pal 15:600 ECONOMIC GROWTH 4:395-429 OVERVIEW 4:395-408 THEORY 4:408-417 MATHEMATICAL THEORY 4:417-422 NONECONOMIC ASPECTS 4:422-429 achievement motivation 1:30 agriculture 1:228, 241, 256 Berkeley, George 2:62 business cycles 2:227, 240 capital 2:277 capital, human 2:280, 281, 283 capitalism 2:300 communism, economic organization of 3:136, 138 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:139 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:154 econometrics 4:355 economic history 6:468, 472 external economies and diseconomies 5:272 financial intermediaries 5:433 fiscal policy 5:466 foreign aid: political aspects 5:515
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 bers.J [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers
INDEX
Economics
Hume, David 6:548, 549 income distribution 7:141 industrialization: economic aspects 7:253 industrialization: social aspects 7:264 inflation and deflation 7:294 innovation 7:342 interest 7:478 international integration: economic unions 7:545 international trade 8:88 investment 8:197 investment function, aggregate 8:190, 193 military power potential 10:329 Mill, John Stuart 10:345 national income and product accounts 11:33 national wealth: estimation 11:56 nationalization 11:73 planning, development 12:119 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:111 profit 12:550 Ricardo, David 13:508 science-government relations 14:102 socialism 14:531 socialist thought 4:454 stagnation 15:137, 140 statics and dynamics in economics 15:176 stock-flow analysis 15:273 tariffs and protectionism 8:118 see also Economic development Economic history 6:468; 4:482 agriculture 1:231, 241, 250 agriculture: history 1:215 Ashley, William James 1:411 Bloch, Marc 2:92 Bucher, Karl 2:163 Ehrenberg, Richard 4:539 Heckscher, Eli 6:339, 340 history, social 6:458 history and the social sciences 6:438 Knapp, Georg Friedrich 8:421 Levasseur, Emile 9:261 mercantilism 4:430 Pirenne, Henri 12:99 price history 12:471 Rogers, James E. Thorold 13:542
See, Henri 14:143 tariffs and protectionism 8:114 Tawney, R. H. 15:518 Unwin, George 16:199 Usher, Abbott P. 16:222 von Mises, Ludwig 16:381 Webb, Sidney and Beatrice 16:489 Weber, Max 16:495 see also Business history Economic infrastructure: see Capital, Social overhead Economic Institutions and Human Welfare (Clark) 2:510 Economic integration communism, national 3:115 international integration: economic unions 7:542 international integration, functional 7:538, 539 international integration, regional 7:524 Economic Interpretation of the Constitution, An (Beard) 2:35 Economic Life of Primitive Peoples, The (Herskovits) 6:354 Economic Opportunity Act (U.S. 1964) welfare state 16:519 Economic Organization (Knight) 8:425 Economic Organization of England, The (Ashley) 1:412 Economic Origins of Jeffersonian Democracy (Beard) 2:35 Economic overhead facility: see Capital, Social overhead Economic planning: see Planning, Economic Economic resources agriculture: developing countries 1:258 competition 3:182 cost 3:406 economics 4:476 empires 5:44, 45 fiscal policy, wartime 5:471, 474 land 8:559 military power potential 10:328 planning, development 12:122 technology 15:580 see also Capital; Labor force; Natural resources; Resource allocation
195
Economic sociology: see Economy and society ECONOMIC THOUGHT 4:430-467 ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL, THOUGHT 4:430-435 MERCANTILIST THOUGHT 4:435-443 PHYSIOCRATIC THOUGHT 4:443-446 SOCIALIST THOUGHT 4:446-454 THE HISTORICAL SCHOOL 4:454-458 THE AUSTRIAN SCHOOL 4:458-462 THE INSTITUTIONAL
SCHOOL 4:462-
467
consumer's surplus 3:354 economic equilibrium 4:376 economics 4:482 income and employment theory 7:122 laissez-faire 8:546 liquidity preference 9:394 money: quantity theory 10:433 national income and product accounts 11:20 utility 16:236 value, labor theory of 16:279 see also Austrian School; Classical School; Historical School; Institutional School; Keynesian School; Mercantilism; Neoclassical School; Physiocrats; Socialist economic thought Economic unions 7:541 international integration, regional 7 -. 528 ECONOMIC WARFARE 4:467-472 international politics 8:57 military power potential 10:328 war 16:461 ECONOMICS 4:472-485 see also Econometrics; Economic development; Economic growth; Economic history; Economic thought; Labor economics; Welfare economics for classified list of articles on ECONOMICS see volume 17 page 87 — : Economic Aspects of— advertising 1:106 aging 1:196 colonialism 3:6 conservation 3:279 decision making 4:42
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"j [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
196
Economics, Size distributions in
feudalism 5:395 foreign aid 5:521 game theory 6:69 housing 6:521 innovation 7:339 industrialization 7:252 kingship 8:388 land 8:550 medical care 10:100 migration 10:292 peasantry 11:506 plantations 12:156 sexual behavior 14:206 slavery 14:310 transportation 16:134 war 16:461 Economics, Size distributions in: see Size distributions in economics Economics, Spatial: see Spatial economics ECONOMICS OF DEFENSE 4:485491 budgeting, government 2:186, 188 civil-military relations 2:492 communism, economic organization of 3:149 military policy 10:320 national security 11:41 price control and rationing 12:466 research and development, industrial 13:484 technology and international relations 15:593 Economics of Inflation, The (Bresciani-Turroni) 2:150 Economics of Welfare, The (Pigou) 12:91 ECONOMIES OF SCALE 4:491-495 agriculture 1:244, 248, 258 automation 1:482 export subsidies and dumping 8:123 external economies and diseconomies 5:271 industrial concentration 7:218 industries, small 7:273 internal trade 7:495 international integration: economic unions 7:544 inventory control theory 8:184 monopoly 10:462 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:113
plantations 12:157 pricing policies 12:461 production and cost analysis 12:520 research and development, industrial 13:485 spatial economics: the partial equilibrium approach 15:99 specialization and exchange 15:113 tariffs and protectionism 8:117 water resources 16:478 Economique rationnelle (Divisia) 4:242 Economist, The (journal) Bagehot, Walter 1:498, 499 ECONOMY, DUAL 4:495-500 economic growth 4:416 peasantry 11:505 rural society 13:585 Economy, Manorial: see Manorial economy ECONOMY AND SOCIETY 4:500506 Clark, John Bates 2:505 economic anthropology 4:363 economy, dual 4:495 exchange and display 5:239 industrialization: social aspects 7:264 Keynes, John Maynard 8:372 Marx, Karl 10:36 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:401 Polanyi, Karl 12:172 Smith, Adam 14:325 social science fiction 14:478 society 14:580 Spiethoff, Arthur 15:133 state 15:147 Steuart, James Denham 15:265 systems analysis, social 15:464, 466 trade and markets 16:118 Veblen, Thorstein 16:305 Weber, Max 16:496 Ecosystem: see Community Ectoderm nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:132 Ectomorphy physical anthropology 12:88 psychology, constitutional 13:68, 69
INDEX Ecuador caudillismo 2:348 hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:19 literacy 9:413 sales and excise taxes 15:552 South American society 15:65 Ecumenism Christianity 2:443, 445 Eden, Frederick Morton sample surveys 13:595 social research, early history of 15:42 EDGEWORTH, FRANCIS YSIDRO 4:506-509 game theory 6:71 monopoly 10:465 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:538 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:545 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:402, 404 production 12:511 statistical method, history of 15:226 utility 16:236, 240, 257 Edgeworth distribution distributions, approximations to 4:233 errors in statistical assumptions 5:134 Edgeworth's formula index numbers 7:155 Editing reference materials and books 7:320 Editors journalism 8:268 EDUCATION 4:509-533 THE STUDY OF EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS 4:509-517 EDUCATION AND SOCIETY 4:517-525 EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION 4:526-533 academic freedom 1:4 achievement testing 1:33 adult education 1:100 African society 10:406 Anglo-American society 1:295 anti-Semitism 1:348 area studies 1:401 Aristotle 1:410
jCAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indij_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Efficiency (statistics)
automation 1:486 Bloomfield, Leonard 2:98 budgeting, government 2:187 business management 2:255 capital, human 2:284 civil liberties 3:310 Condillac, Etienne Bonnot de 3:211 Condorcet 3:214 conservation: political and social aspects 3:276 constitutional law: civil rights 3:315 creativity: genius and ability 3:460 creativity: psychological aspects 3:441 democracy 4:119 Dewey, John 4:157 discrimination, economic 4:209 economic growth 4:398 engineering 5:73 fine arts 5:449 folklore 5:498 foundations 5:545 Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:300 historiography, Chinese 6:404 homosexuality 14:229 industrial and business psychology 7:226 industrialization: economic aspects 7:258 industrialization: social aspects 7:265 Islamic countries 11:98 Israel 11:114 James, William 8:229 Japanese society 10:404 Jefferson, Thomas 8:250 Johnson, Alvin 8:260 Judd, Charles H. 8:282 labor force: participation 8:478, 480 lawyers 8:301 libraries 7:315, 317 licensing, occupational 9:284 literature, sociology of 9:420 Locke, John 9:469 Mercier de la Riviere 10:248 Middle American society 10:284 Montessori, Maria 10:476 occupations and careers 11:248 planning, development 12:120 political efficacy 12:226
political participation 12:257 population composition 12:368 productivity 12:533 professions 12:539 programmed learning 9:182 revolution 13:503 Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:566 rural society 13:586 science, sociology of 14:95 scientists 14:108 screening and selection 14:125 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:205 social class 15:311 social class, measurement of 15:320 social mobility 14:434, 435 social work 14:498 socialization, adult 14:557 socialization, political 14:551, 552, 553 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:91 stratification, social 15:293, 326 teaching 15:560 technical assistance 15:572 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:10, 11 transfer learning 9:168 universities 16:191 Veblen, Thorstein 16:305 visual defects 16:339 wages 16:406 Waller, Willard W. 16:444 see also Educational psychology; Higher education; Training Education, Adult: see Adult education Education, Political brainwashing 2:138 see also Political socialization EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 4:533-539 Montessori, Maria 10:477 programmed learning 9:182 psychology, applied 13:94 reading disabilities 13:333 teaching 15:560 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:11 Educational television (ETV) communication, mass: audiences 3:80 Edward I (English king) canon law 2:265
197
Edwards, Alba M. occupations and careers 11:247 social class, measurement of 15:320 Edwards, Allen L. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 12:46 Edwards, John N. voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:365, 373 Edwards, Jonathan Christianity 2:443 Edwards, Ward decision making: psychological aspects 4:40 Edwards Personal Preference Schedule advertising research 1:113 personality measurement 12:40 Eells, Kenneth intelligence and intelligence testing 7:424 Effect, Law of learning 9:115, 123 programmed learning 9:182 reinforcement 9:135 social behavior, animal 14:343 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:10 Effect of Foreign Trade on the Distribution of Income, The (Heckscher) 6:339 Effective tariff 8:119 Efficacy, Political: see Political efficacy Efficiency (economics) agriculture: developing countries 1:259 corporation income taxes 15:538 economics of defense 4:486 economies of scale 4:493, 494 export subsidies and dumping 8:122 military power potential 10:331 nationalization 11:70 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:403 pricing policies 12:457 productivity 12:523, 529, 530 transportation: economic aspects 16:137 welfare economics 16:505 Efficiency (statistics) errors in statistical assumptions 5:133 fol.
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indij_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
198
Efficiency,
INDEX
Asymptotic
nonparametric statistics 11:180 point estimation 5:147 sample surveys 13:605 simultaneous equation estimation 14:282 statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:194 Efficiency, Asymptotic point estimation 5:148 Efficiency, Robustness of errors in statistical assumptions 5:133, 134 Egalitarianism 5:103, 108 Anglo-American society 1:299 mass society 10:59 social Darwinism 14:402 social mobility 14:429 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:91 Eggan, Fred culture 3:533 evolution, social 5:232 kinship 8:396 Ego analytical psychology 1:276, 281 anxiety 1:358 humor 7:2 interaction and personality 7:463 Kris, E. 8:452 moral development 10:485 neurosis 11:163 Niceforo, Alfredo 11:174 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:243 personality 11: 594 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:7 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:5, 6, 7 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:11 fol. psychosis 13:128 Rank, Otto 13:315 Rapaport, David 13:326 role: sociological aspects 13:554 Rorschach test 12:569 Schutz, Alfred 14:72, 73 self concept 14:151, 152, 153 Thematic Apperception Test 12:577 Ego functions motivation, human 10:515 psychosis 13:129, 130 Roheim, Geza 13:545
Ego identity adolescence 1:89 identity, psychosocial 7:61 see also Identity, Psychosocial; Self concept Ego psychology 13:11 personality 11:594 psychoanalysis: therapeutic methods 13:34 systems analysis, psychological 15:486 Ego splitting Klein, Melanie 8:417 Egocentrism developmental psychology 4:142 Egoism Durkheim, Emile 4:317 literature: political fiction 9:437 suicide: social aspects 15:381 sympathy and empathy 15:443 Egoistic suicide Durkheim, Emile 4:316 Egotism: see Egoism Egypt community development 3:170 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 Islamic countries 11:90 labor force: hours of work 8:488 literacy 9:413 marriage: comparative analysis 10:11 modernization: the bourgeoisie 10:407 nation 11:10 neutralism and nonalignment 11:169 population composition 12:365, 367 socialism 14:527 Egypt, ancient city 2:449 government 6:218 historiography, African 6:394 legitimacy 9:244 Petrie, W. M. Flinders 12:65 philanthropy 12:73 urban revolution 16:206 Ehrenberg, A. S. C. errors, nonsampling 5:118 EHRENBERG, RICHARD 4:539-540 Ehrenzweig, Albert conflict of laws 3:250
EHRLICH, EUGEN 4:540-542 law, sociology of 9:51 legal systems 9:60 society 14:582 Eichorn, Dorothy H. sensory and motor development 14:182 Eidetic images Jaensch, Erich 8:225 Eightfold path Buddhism 2:168 EINAUDI, LUIGI 4:542-543 Einstein, Albert statistics 15:217 Eisenhower, Dwight D. civil-military relations 2:494 presidential government 12:452 Eisenstadt, S. N. friendship 6:13 Eisner, Robert investment function, aggregate 8:191 Ejaculation sexual behavior, animal 14:195 Ejido Latin American political movements 9:40 Middle American society 10:280 Ekholm, Gordon urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:215 Ekistics architecture 1:396 Ekonomisk tidskrift (journal) 4:18 Elashoff, R. M. errors in statistical assumptions 5:134 ELASTICITY 4:543-545 advertising: economic aspects 1:108 agriculture: price and income policies 1:251, 254, 256 balance of payments 8:5, 10 banking, central 2:2 competition 3:181 Cournot, Antoine Augustin 3:429 demand and supply 4:97, 101 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:109 economic history 6:471 Engel, Ernst 5:63 exchange rates 8:13
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Elites
income distribution: functional share 7:141 interest 7:477 international trade 8:89, 93 monopoly 10:460 productivity 12:535 regulation of industry 13:394 rent 13:457 Elasticity of substitution corporation income taxes 15:542 production and cost analysis 12:520 rent 13:456, 458 ELECTIONS 5:1-21 THE FUNCTIONS OF ELECTIONS 5:1-6 ELECTORAL SYSTEMS 5:6-21
canon law 2:265 communication, political 3:92 government 6:223 Key, V. O., Jr. 8:367 labor unions in the United States 8:534, 536 legislation 9:226 legitimacy 9:245 Michels, Robert 10:267 Middle American society 10:284 nonpartisanship 11:201, 202 office, misuse of 11:272, 276 panel studies 11:372 parliamentary government 11:422 parties, political 11:431, 443 political behavior 12:206 political financing 12:237, 239 political group analysis 12:244 political machines 12:250 political participation 12:254 political recruitment and careers 12:278 political theory 12:316 prediction 12:419 presidential government 12:452 fol. public opinion 13:189 representation 13:463 representational behavior 13:478 representational systems 13:467 simulation: political processes 14:277 systems analysis, political 15:476 voting 16:387
Electoral systems 5:6 apportionment 1:368 parties, political 11:447 fol. Electricity credit, agricultural 3:470 ELECTROCONVULSIVE SHOCK 5:21-25 avoidance learning 9:149 depressive disorders 4:127 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:203, 205, 206 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:244 psychosis 13:132 reinforcement learning 9:134 schizophrenia 14:48 Electrodermal response: see Galvanic skin response Electroencephalography 11:157 attention 1:445 drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:292, 294 learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:155 motivation 10:511 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:149 parapsychology 11:393 sleep 14:315 Electrophysiology learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:154 senses 14:176 sleep 14:314 Electroshock therapy: see Electroconvulsive shock Elementary ideas Bastian, Adolf 2:23 Elementary perceiver and memorizer simulation: individual behavior 14:264 Eliade, Mircea myth and symbol 10:578 religion: anthropological study 13:403 Eliot, T. S. culture 3:537 ELITES 5:26-29 African society 10:406 Christianity 2:441 communication, mass 3:78
199
communication, political: international aspects 3:98 consensus 3:264 dictatorship 4:163 economic growth 4:428 education 4:527 education and society 4:519 evolution, social 5:233 fashion 5:342, 343 Gobineau, Joseph Arthur de 6:193 government 6:226 Hinduism 6:364 ideology 7:72 integration, regional 7:526 Israel 11:115 Judaism 8:275 Latin American political movements 9:38 law 9:70 leadership 9:102 Le Play, Frederic 9:87 local politics 9:462 mass society 10:60 Mills, C. Wright 10:363 Mosca, Gaetano 10:505 neutralism and nonalignment 11:169 oligarchy 11:282 organizational intelligence 11:325 Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. 11:349 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:414 police 12:176 policy sciences 12:184 political behavior 12:205 political culture 12:220 political opinion 13:199 political recruitment and careers 12:274, 279 political sociology 12:302 religious specialists: sociological study 13:448 representation 13:465 revolution 13:501 slavery 14:309 social movements 14:443 socialism 14:527 societies, small 14:575 South American society 15:72 Tarde, Gabriel 15:512 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:93 urban revolution 16:204 voting 16:393 Weber, Max 16:497
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indij_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers._
200
INDEX
Elitisjn-equalitarianism
workers 16:566 world view 16:578 Elitism-equalitarianism: see Equalitarianism-elitism Elizabeth I (England) censorship 2:357 Elkes, Joel L. psychopharmacology 4:288 Elliott, R. M. Paterson, Donald G. 11:478 Elliott, Robert C. humor 7:6 ELLIS, HAVELOCK 5:29-31 sexual behavior, social 14:203 ELL WOOD, CHARLES A. 5:31-33 El Salvador literacy 9:413 ELY, RICHARD T. 5:33-35 Commons, John R. 3:22 Emancipation Knapp, Georg Friedrich 8:421 Embargo economic warfare 4:468 Embezzlement crime 3:481, 484 Emergency powers crisis government 3:515 presidential government 12:452 Emerson, Richard M. interaction: social exchange 7:455 Emigration migration: economic aspects 10:294, 296, 298 migration: social aspects 10:289 refugees: world problems 13:361 see also Migration Emile (Rousseau) 13:566, 568, 570 Emmons, William H. sleep 14:317 EMOTION 5:35-41 adolescence 1:94 aesthetics 1:118 affection 1:121 aggression 1:168 anxiety 1:356, 365 communication, animal 3:32 conflict 3:220 depressive disorders 4:121 drinking and alcoholism 4:265 drives, acquired 4:283 electroconvulsive shock 5:22 expressive behavior 5:264 genetics 6:101
illness 7:92 imitation 7:99 instrumental learning 9:132 James, William 8:229 mental retardation 10:239 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:152, 154 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:146 pain 11:360 personality development 11:608 persuasion 12:59 projective methods : the Rorschach test 12:569 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:4 psychology, physiological 13:63 psychosomatic illness 13:136 reading disabilities 13:334 sex differences 7:210 Sherrington, C. S. 14:234 social psychology 14:466 Spinoza 15:136 stress 15:341 Stumpf, Carl 15:351 sympathy and empathy 15:441, 444 Emotions and the Will, The (Bain) 1:503 Empathy modernization: social aspects 10:391 perception: illusions and aftereffects 11:548 perception: person perception 11:562, 563 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:400 sympathy and empathy 15:441 EMPIRES 5:41-49 civil service 2:496 colonialism 3:4 evolution, social 5:231 federalism 5:355 Kautilya 8:355 transportation: social aspects 16:130 Empirical probability 12:489 Empirical sociology: see Sociography Empirical validity psychometrics 13:105 Empirical verification Ockham, William of 11:269
Empiricism Beard, Charles A. 2:34 civil disobedience 2:475 Durkheim, Emile 4:312 Hume, David 6:547 James, William 8:231 Jevons, William Stanley 8:259 motivation 10:511 perceptual development 11:535 phenomenology 12:68 political science 12:297 Employee compensation income distribution: functional share 7:133, 135 labor relations: developing countries 8:515 see also Wages Employees: see Workers Employment 5:49 collective bargaining 8:492 fol. drug addiction: social aspects 4:302 industrial disputes, settlement of 8:507 innovation 7:343 systems analysis, social 15:465 Thornton. Henry 16:16 wage and hour legislation 16:422 workers 16:568 see also Income and employment theory; Labor force: Unemployment Employment Act (U.S. 1946) welfare state 16:518 EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT 5:49-60 agriculture 1:256 automation 1:483 blindness 2:90 export subsidies and dumping 8:124 fallacies, statistical 5:295 fiscal policy 5:463, 465 government statistics 6:231 income and employment theory 7:122 Keynes, John Maynard 8:369, 371 labor force 8:471, 474, 481, 488 monetary policy 10:422 panel studies 11:372, 374 population theories 12:354 productivity 12:534
jCAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. J
INDEX
English Constitution, The
tariffs and protectionism 8:116, 120 see also Employment; Full employment; Unemployment Enciclopedia italiana di scienze, lettere ed arti 7:322 ENCLAVES AND EXCLAVES 5:60-62 Encoding property information theory 7:332 Enculturation: see Socialization Encyclopaedia Britannica 7:322 Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences Johnson, Alvin 8:261 reference materials and books 7:322 Encyclopedias 7:321 Encyclopedists Condorcet 3:213 Quesnay, Frangois 13:245 Endocrine glands nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:141 Endocrinology Cannon, Walter B. 2:261 schizophrenia 14:46 Endogamy incest 7:116 McLennan, John Ferguson 9:517 marriage: comparative analysis 10:11
marriage: family formation 10:6 Endomorphy psychology, constitutional 13:68, 69 Energy Freud, Sigmund 6:6 homeostasis 6:501 instinct 7:369 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:4 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:300 technology and international relations 15:590 Whitehead, Alfred North 16:533 Engagement theory aging 1:193 ENGEL, ERNST 5:63-64 Brentano, Lujo 2:148 consumption levels and standards 3:335 Engel curves 5:63 aggregation 1:165
Benini, Rodolfo 2:53 consumers 3:338 utility 16:259 ENGELS, FRIEDRICH 5:64-69 Bogoraz, Vladimir G.; Sternberg, Lev Y.; and Jochelson, Vladimir 2:118 communism, Soviet 3:103 evolution, cultural 5:223, 224 family 5:306 justice 8:346 Marx, Karl 10:37 Marxism 10:41 Morgan, Lewis Henry 10:497 peasantry 11:508 social class 15:308, 312 socialism 14:507, 509 time budgets 16:43 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:220 Engel's law 5:63 poverty 12:402 social research, early history of 15:48 ENGINEERING 5:69-81 Dupuit, Jules 4:310 professions 12:537, 541, 543 technology 15:584 ENGINEERING PSYCHOLOGY 5:81-87 administration 1:66 industrial and business psychology 7:228 psychology, applied 13:89 England adult education 1:101, 102 agriculture 1:211, 220 bureaucracy 2:210 Caribbean society 2:309 censorship 2:357, 358 comparative law and legal systems 9:205 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:321 corporation 3:396 crime 3:479, 481, 482 crude death rate 4:402 economic growth 4:402 elections 5:5 electoral systems 5:11 evolution 5:208 family 5:310 fertility 5:375, 376
201
feudalism 5:398 foundations 5:542 gross national product 4:403 Halevy, Elie 6:309 homosexuality 14:229 human rights 6:540 illegitimacy 7:88 Indian political thought 7:177 interest 7:473 judicial administration 8:300, 301 judiciary 8:323 labor force 4:403 land 8:561 legislation 9:223, 232 liberalism 9:278 Macaulay, Thomas Babington 9:500 manorial economy 9:564 mercantilism 4:439 modernization: the bourgeoisie 10:408 music and society 10:570, 571 national income and product accounts 11:20 patents 11:462 philanthropy 12:78 police 12:175, 177 political clubs 12:215, 217 price history 12:472, 473, 475 professions 12:539 representational systems 13:469 rural society 13:581 school enrollment 4:402 segregation 14:147 social class 15:312 social movements 14:447 social research, early history of 15:36 sociology, development of 15:9, 14 sovereignty 15:78 time-, social organization 16:34, 35 universities 16:193, 194 vital statistics 16:341, 342 war 16:457 welfare state 16:512, 514 see also Great Britain; United Kingdom England, Bank of: see Bank of England Engler, Richard adoption 1:99 English Constitution, The (Bagehot) 1:501, 502
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"j [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
202
English language
English language culture history 6:453 information theory 7:334 language development 9:11 Enlightenment capital punishment 2:291 intellectual history 6:465 population theories 12:350 radicalism 13:296 social class 15:297 society 14:578 Vico, Giovanni Battista 16:314 Voltaire 16:355 Entdusserung: see Alienation Enterprise sector national income and product accounts 11:22 Entertainment communication, mass: television 3:65 film (cinema) 5:428 social control 14:385 Entfremdung: see Alienation Enthoven, Alain installment credit 7:357 ENTREPRENEURSHIP 5:87-91 achievement motivation 1:32 business history 6:477 capitalism 2:295 economic growth 4:410, 427 income distribution 7:133, 137 industrialization: social aspects 7:267 industry, small 7:274 innovation 7:341 investment function, aggregate 8:187 Middle American society 10:280 planning, development 12:121 profit 12:547, 549 regional science 13:385 Say, Jean Baptiste 14:24 Schumpeter, Joseph A. 14:69 social institutions 14:413 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:91 Entropy evolution 5:204, 208 information theory 7:332 variances, statistical study of 16:292, 293 Entzauberung: see Disenchantment
INDEX Enumerative studies sample surveys 13:601 ENVIRONMENT 5:91-93 Bernard, L. L. 2:64 Boas, Franz 2:101, 107 Brunswik, Egon 2:157 communication 3:26 crime 3:472 culturology 3:548 delinquency 4:92 ecology, cultural 4:337 ecology, human 4:328, 329, 330, 332 engineering psychology 5:85 environmentalism 5:93 epidemiology 5:98, 99 eugenics 5:193, 196 evolution, cultural 5:225 evolution, social 5:231 evolution and behavior 5:234, 235, 236 Fleure, H. J. 5:494 Frobenius, Leo 6:19 genetics and behavior 6:96, 97, 100 geography 6:115 geography, cultural 6:130, 131, 132 geography, social 6:134, 141 hunting and gathering 7:21, 22 individual differences 7:200, 206 industrial and business psychology 7:224, 228 infant development 7:283 interaction, social 7:432, 439 law: the legal system 9:61 mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:127 fol. mental retardation 10:231 obesity 11:229 perceptual development 11:539 personality 11: 599 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:10 personality, political 12:15 planning, resource 12:137 political participation 12:256 population theories 12:350 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:6 race 13:265 schizophrenia 14:46 self concept 14:155 social behavior, animal: the regulation of animal populations 14:361
social Darwinism 14:403 socialization: psychological aspects 14:537 sociology of work 7:232 systems analysis, social 15:460, 466 Whitehead, Alfred North 16:534 ENVIRONMENTALISM 5:93-97 conflict: anthropological aspects 3:238 creativity: social aspects 3:447 criminology 3:506 field theory 5:406 geography 6:115 geography, political 6:119 Huntington, Ellsworth 7:26 race 13:265 Ratzel, Friedrich 13:328 socialization: psychological aspects 14:535 sociological thought 15:27, 29 Vidal de la Blache, Paul 16:317 Watson, John B. 16:486 Envy Klein, Melanie 8:417 Enzyme systems drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:293 Eocene Epoch evolution 5:211, 217 Epicritic sensibility skin senses and kinesthesis 14:302 Epics historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:421 EPIDEMIOLOGY 5:97-102 health 6:331 mental disorders 10:149 psychiatry, social 12:626 Epilepsy mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:203 nervous system: electroencephalography 11:159 Episcopal Church canon law 2:267 Epistemology developmental psychology 4:147 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:349 information storage and retrieval: libraries 7:314 interaction, social 7:429
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Errors
Kelsen, Hans 8:361 Locke, John 9:468, 470 Mannheim, Karl 9:557 phenomenology 12:68 Schlick, Moritz 14:53 Simmel, Georg 14:253 Stumpf, Carl 15:351 Epstein, Arnold L. judicial process: comparative aspects 8:294, 295 Epstein, Benjamin order statistics 11:187 Epstein, Seymour conflict: psychological aspects 3:224 Equal sensation functions psychophysics 13:124 Equalitarianism: see Egalitarianism Equalitarianism-elitism Anglo-American society 1:290 EQUALITY 5:102-111 THE CONCEPT OF EQUALITY 4:102-108 EQUALITY AS AN IDEAL 4: 108-111
democracy 4:117 educational systems 4:511 electoral systems 5:17 literature: political fiction 9:434 majority rule 9:537 modernization: political aspects 10:397 natural rights 11:86 political theory 12:315 Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:564 Scheler, Max 14:41 social Darwinism 14:404 socialist economic thought 4:450, 452 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:92 see also Egalitarianism; Inequality Equality of opportunity 5:105 Equation of exchange Fisher, Irving 5:478 liquidity preference 9:394 money: quantity theory 10:434, 439 Newcomb, Simon 11:173 Equations algebra 10:70 calculus 10:67 Equilibrium: see also Homeostasis
Equilibrium (psychology) developmental psychology 4:145 personality 11:595 Equilibrium (social) culture change 3:556 ecology, human 4:329, 331 integration, social 7:383 systems analysis, international 15:479, 480 systems analysis, political 15:473, 477 Equilibrium, Competitive: see Competitive equilibrium Equilibrium, Dynamic: see Dynamic equilibrium Equilibrium, Economic: see Economic equilibrium Equilibrium, General: see General equilibrium Equilibrium, Partial: see Partial equilibrium Equilibrium, Stationary: see Stationary equilibrium Equilibrium distribution queues 13:259, 260 Equipotentiality Lashley, Karl S. 9:29, 30 nervous system: brain structure and function 11:147 psychology, physiological 13:65 Equity canon law 2:265 common law systems 9:211 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:531 Equivalence, Coefficients of: see Coefficients of equivalence Equivalent variation welfare economics 16:508 ERASMUS 5:111-112 historiography •. the rhetoric of history 6:386 Ere des tyrannies, L' (Halevy) 6:310 Ereuthophobia phobias 12:82 Erewhon (Butler) 7:91 Erfurter Programm Bernstein, Eduard 2:68 Kautsky, Karl 8:356 socialism 14:509 Ergonomics: see Human engineering Erikson, Erik H. adolescence 1:89
203
motivation, human 10:515 personality 11:600 personality, political 12:17 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:20, 28 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:43 Rapaport, David 13:326 religion: anthropological study 13:401 religion, sociology of 13:411 sex differences 7:210 socialization: anthropological aspects 14:545 Erlebnistypus Rorschach, Hermann 13:558 Erogenous zones psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:4 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:20 Eroticism psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:4 sexual behavior, social 14:202 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:212 Error analysis computation 3:200 Error of aggregation 1:166 Error of measurement clustering 2:523 psychometrics 13:102 statistics 15:208 time series 16:48 Error of observation experimental design 5:247 Fisher, R. A. 5:489 Cosset, William Sealy 6:213 Pearson, Karl 11:500 regression 9:312 statistical method, history of 15:225, 227 statistics 15:208 time series 16:48 Error rates multiple comparisons 9:347 ERRORS 5:113-142 NONSAMPLING ERRORS 5:113-132 EFFECTS OF ERRORS IN STATISTICAL ASSUMPTIONS 5:132-142
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204
Escalation (economics)
see also Bias (statistics); Fallacies, Statistical; Power, Statistical; Spurious correlation; and names of specific errors, such as Nonsampling errors Escalation (economics) 7:297 Escalation (military) crisis 3:510 military policy 10:321 nuclear war 11:214 strategy 15:286 Escobedo v. Illinois privacy 12:486 Eshu myth and symbol 10:580 Eskimo-Aleut languages 7:183 Eskimos 7:182 Boas, Franz 2:101 cultural adaptation 3:552 food: consumption patterns 5:512 humor 7:6 hunting and gathering 7:17, 24 legal system 9: 61 Mauss, Marcel 10:79 pseudo-kinship 8:408 sanctions 14:4 theology, primitive 15:606 Espionage intelligence, political and military 7:415, 419 Esprit des lois, L' (Montesquieu): see
Spirit of Laws, The Essay on Crimes and Punishments, An (Beccaria) 2:37 capital punishment 2:291 Essay on the Principle of Population (Malthus) 9:549, 550; 12:343 Essay tests achievement testing 1:34, 35, 36 Essence psychology, existential 13:76 Estate taxes death and gift taxes 15:555, 556, 558 national wealth 11:54, 61 Esthetics: see Aesthetics Estimability: see Statistical identifiability ESTIMATION 5:142-157 POINT ESTIMATION 5:142-150 CONFIDENCE INTERVALS AND REGIONS 5:150-157
INDEX counted data 3:419 cross-section analysis 3:525 decision theory 4:62, 65 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:108 distributed lags 4:216 distributions, approximations to 4:231 distributions, mixtures of 4:239 econometric models, aggregate 4:346 errors in statistical assumptions 5:133,135 factor analysis 5:277, 278 fiducial inference 5:403 Fisher, R. A. 5:488 index numbers: sampling 7:167 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:25 linear hypotheses: regression 9:310 fol. Markov chains 9:584 models, mathematical 10:383 multiple comparisons 9:337 national income and product accounts 11:20 national wealth: estimation 11:50 nonparametric statistics 11:181 order statistics 11:186 prediction 12:418 quality control: reliability and life testing 13:235 quantal response 13:238, 241 ranking methods 11:200 sample surveys 13:600, 601, 604, 610 sequential analysis 14:188 simultaneous equation estimation 14:282, 283 statistical analysis, special problems of 15:193, 197, 198 statistical identifiability 15:201, 202 statistical method, history of 15:228 statistics 15:211 time series 16:56 variances, statistical study of 16:297 Wald, Abraham 16:435 see also Confidence intervals; Confidence regions; Point estimation Estivation pastoralism 11:457
Estrada doctrine Latin American political movements 9:41 Estrangement aging 1:188 see also Alienation Estrus cycles evolution, human 5:219 sexual behavior, animal 14:196 ETHICS 5:157-167 ETHICAL SYSTEMS AND SOCIAL STRUCTURES 5:157-160 ETHICAL ISSUES IN THE SOCIAL
SCIENCES 5:160-167 Aristotle 1:408, 410 civil service 2:499 crisis government 3:518 engineering 5:77 evolution and behavior 5:237 gestalt theory 6:165 interviewing: social research 8:157 Islam 8:214 jurisprudence 8:334 justice 8:341 Levy-Bruhl, Lucien 9:263 office, misuse of 11:275 positivism 12:393 public law 13:178 radicalism 13:299 Schlick, Moritz 14:53 science, philosophy of 14:87 social observation and social case studies 11:237 Spinoza 15:136 Stumpf, Carl 15:352 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:218 Westermarck, Edward 16:530 Ethics and Moral Science (LevyBruhl) 9:263 Ethics of Competition, The (Knight) 8:426 Ethiopia foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 historiography, African 6:396 ETHNIC GROUPS 5:167-172 assimilation 1:438 city: the modern city 2:458 constitutional law: civil rights 3:313 delinquency 4:77, 94
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 l_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
Eugenics Laboratory (University of London)
INDEX discrimination, economic 4:208 federalism 5:364 mass society 10:59 Middle American society 10:275 minorities 10:366 population composition 12:369 prejudice 12:439, 441, 442, 446 race relations : world perspectives 13:269 segregation 14:146 social differentiation 14:407 social movements 14:443 status 5:169 stereotypes 15:260 stratification, social 15:293 stratification systems, structure of 15:330 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:374 Ethnobotany anthropology 1:307 Ethnocentrism cultural relativism 3: 546 historiography, Chinese 6:401 historiography, Japanese 6:414 marriage: family formation 10:5 organizations: organizational intelligence 11:330 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:25 prejudice 12:444 primitive art 12:479 religion: psychological study 13:419 ETHNOGRAPHY 5:172-178 acculturation 1:21 anthropology 1:305, 307, 308 archeology 1:380 Bartol'd, Vasilii 13:304 Bastian, Adolf 2:23 Bogoraz, Vladimir G. 2:116 Codrington, R. H. 2:534 cognitive theory 2:536, 537 componential analysis 3:186 culture 3:537 culture area 3:564 ethnohistory 6:440 ethnology 5:178 Gifford, Edward W. 6:183 homosexuality 14:230 Jochelson, Vladimir 2:116 Junod, Henri Alexandre 8:331 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:457
language and culture 9:21 linguistics 9:355 Linton, Ralph 9:387 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:542 modern society, anthropological study of 1:333, 335 Nadel, S. F. 11:1 Oceanian society 11:258, 259 political anthropology 12:191 primitive art 12:479 Radlov, Vasilii 13:303 Ratzel, Friedrich 13:328 Rivers, W. H. R. 13:527 social research 15:40 Sternberg, Lev Y. 2:116 see also Ethnology Ethnohistory 6:440 archeology 1:384 Bachofen, Johann Jakob 1:494 ethnology 5:178 Metraux, Alfred 10:262 Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 13:287 Sapir, Edward 14:10 Swanton, John Reed 15:440 Ethnolinguistics language and culture 9:18, 21 Ethnological Society (England) 5:178 ETHNOLOGY 5:178-186 anthropology 1:307 anthropology, comparative method in 1:343 anthropology, cultural 1:313 Bartol'd, Vasilii 13:304 Boas, Franz 2:101, 103 Cole, Fay-Cooper 2:553 Cooper, John M. 3:383 culture 3:543 ethnography 5:173 evolution, cultural 5:223 Fletcher, Alice Cunningham 5:491 Frobenius, Leo 6:17 Gennep, Arnold van 6:113 geography, social 6:139 Graebner, Fritz 6:240 Junod, Henri Alexandre 8:330 kinship 8:396 Koppers, Wilhelm 8:444 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:454 Mauss, Marcel 10:80 minorities 10:370 modern society, anthropological studies of 1:333
205
Morgan, Lewis Henry 10:496 Nordenskiold, Erland 11:203 Oceanian society 11:255 Radin, Paul 13:302 Radlov, Vasilii 13:303 Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:569 Sapir, Edward 14:10 Schmidt, Wilhelm 14:56 Seligman, C. G. 14:160 Speck, Frank G. 15:116 Spier, Leslie 15:130 Strong, William Duncan 15:349 Thurnwald, Richard 16:20 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:171 see also Ethnography Ethnomedicine 10:87 Ethnomusicology 10:562 folklore 5:438 Stumpf, Carl 15:351 Ethnoscience 5:174 technology 15:585 Ethnosemantics language and culture 9:21 linguistics 9:351 ETHOLOGY 5:186-193 communication, animal 3:35 instinct 7:367 Mill, John Stuart 10:342 psychology, comparative 13:52 psychology, physiological 13:61 social behavior, animal 14:342 Etruscans religious specialists: anthropological study 13:441 Eucharist Christianity 2:434 Euclid 10:65 Hobbes, Thomas 6:482 Euclidean geometry 10:73 developmental psychology 4:144 Eufunction functional analysis: structuralfunctional analysis 6:24 EUGENICS 5:193-197 evolution 5:238 Fisher, Irving 5:475 Fisher, R. A. 5:486 Galton, Francis 6:52 genetics and behavior 6:99 individual differences 7:201 Kraepelin, Emil 8:449 Eugenics Laboratory (University of London)
I CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
206
Eulau, Heinz
Galton, Francis 6:52 Pearson, Karl 11:502 Eulau, Heinz identification, political 7:58 rules of the game 13:574 Euler's equation 10:69 Euphoria drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:291, 296 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:403 Eurasians 1:432 European Atomic Energy Community international organization: administration 8:41 European Coal and Steel Community export subsidies and dumping 8:121 international integration, regional 7:524 international organization: administration 8:41 European Commission on Human Rights constitutional law: civil rights 3:317 human rights 6:543 European Common Market: see European Economic Community European Convention on Human Rights (1950) constitutional law: civil rights 3:317 human rights 6:543 European Court of Human Rights constitutional law: civil rights 3:317 European Defense Community coalitions 2:533 European Economic Community (European Common Market) agriculture: price and income policies 1:253 commodity agreements, international 3:21 export subsidies and dumping 8:121 international integration: economic unions 7:542, 545 international integration, regional 7:524, 527 international organization: administration 8:41
INDEX migration: economic aspects 10:297 trade agreements 8:134 European Free Trade Association international integration, regional 7:527 European Fund international monetary organization 8:22 European Payments Union international monetary organization 8:22 European Recovery Program (Marshall Plan) crisis 3:511 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:521 European society academic freedom 1:8 agriculture 1:203, 206, 215, 226 anti-Semitism 1:347 blindness 2:88, 89 capital movements, private international 8:28 capital punishment 2:291 census 2:361 Christianity 2:435, 438, 439 civil-military relations 2:487, 489 civil service 2:497, 498 clinical psychology 2:517 collective bargaining 8:492, 500 colonialism: political aspects 3:2, 8 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:56 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:152 communism, international 3:121, 123 conflict of laws 3:246 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:323 crafts 3:430 delegation of powers 4:73 diplomacy 4:189 disengagement 4:211 economic data: the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe 4:370 economic growth 4:396, 405 education and society 4:522 educational organization 4:529 electoral systems 5:8, 12, 16 employment and unemployment 5:58, 59
evolution, human 5:216 family: comparative structure 5:306 famine 5:324 feudalism 5:393 film 5:428 fine arts: the recruitment and socialization of artists 5:448 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 geography, economic 6:127 gilds 6:184 historiography, African 6:397 historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:423 honor 6:509 hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:10, 12 illness 7:92 intellectuals 7:409 intelligence, political and military 7:416 internal trade 7:494, 495 international integration, regional 7:524, 527 international monetary organization 8:23 international politics 8:52 international trade: patterns of trade 8:110, 112 isolationism 8:219 labor force: hours of work 8:487 labor unions 8:523 legal systems: comparative law and legal systems 9:209 leisure 9:252 liberalism 9:279 literacy 9:413, 414 medical personnel 10:115, 117 migration: economic aspects 10:293, 295, 297 monetary reform 10:453 mortality 10:499, 503 nation 11:10, 11 peasantry 11:504, 505 philanthropy 12:75 planning, economic 12:102, 110 pluralism 12:164 population 12:345 population composition 12:370 population growth 12:378, 379, 380 population policies 12:386 public health 13:165
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Exchange rates
INDEX race relations : world perspectives 13:270 refugees: world problems 13:362, 363 reward systems in industry 7:249 sales and excise taxes 15:552 science-government relations 14:103 social control 14:385 social mobility 14:434 social movements 14:448, 449 social research, early history of 15:40 socialism 14:523 societal analysis 14:569 stagnation 15:140 subsidies 15:365 suicide: social aspects 15:378 technology and international relations 15:590 universities 16:197 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:365 see also the individual countries Eurymorphs psychology, constitutional 13:68 Eustructures functional analysis: structuralfunctional analysis 6:24 EVALUATION RESEARCH 5:197202 industrial and business psychology 7:228 interaction process analysis 7:467 science, philosophy of 14:86 social research, early history of 15:46 social work 14:502 Evangelism religious observance 13:425 Evans-Pritchard, E. E. ethnohistory 6:442 feud 5:389, 390 Frazer, James George 5:552 Levy-Bruhl, Lucien 9:264 magic 9:523 Smith, William Robertson 14:331, 332 stateless society 15:158, 160 theology, primitive 15:606 time: social organization 16:31 tribal society 16:149
Event sets probability: interpretations 12:498 probability, formal 12:488 Event-system theory Allport, Floyd H. 1:273 Evidence, Legal Bentham, Jeremy 2:56 judicial process: comparative aspects 8:295 psychiatry, forensic 12:629 statistics as legal evidence 15:246 Evil analytical psychology 1:280 EVOLUTION 5:202-238 THE CONCEPT OF EVOLUTION 5:202-
210 PRIMATE EVOLUTION 5:210-215 HUMAN EVOLUTION 5:215-221 CULTURAL EVOLUTION 5:221-228 SOCIAL EVOLUTION 5:228-234 EVOLUTION AND BEHAVIOR 5 : 234-
238
anthropology, cultural 1:318 Darwin, Charles 4:7 developmental psychology 4:137 eugenics 5:195 Hooton, Earnest A. 6:511 Morgan, Conwy Lloyd 10:495 nervous system: evolutionary and behavioral aspects of the brain 11:126 physical anthropology 12:86, 89 psychology, comparative 13:53 social behavior, animal 14:349, 365 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:8 typologies 16:182 Weidenreich, Franz 16:503 see also Cultural evolution; Social evolution Evolution and behavior 5 -. 234 nervous system: evolutionary and behavioral aspects of the brain 11:126 psychology, comparative 13:53 Evolutionary operation sequential analysis 14:192 "Exact" hypotheses goodness of fit 6:200 Examinations education and society 4:523 screening and selection 14:125
207
Excavations (archeology) archeology: research methods 1:386 Petrie, W. M. Flinders 12:65 Pitt-Rivers, A. H. L.-F. 12:101 Excellent Golden Light Sutra Buddhism 2:172 Excess profits tax fiscal policy, wartime 5:473, 474 Exchange, Economic Aristotle 1:410 Biicher, Karl 2:163 exchange and display 5:239 interaction: social exchange 7:454, 456 international trade: patterns of trade 8:108 Jevons, William Stanley 8:257 markets and industries 9:575 Mill, John Stuart 10:346 Say, Jean Baptiste 14:24 specialization and exchange 15:111 systems analysis: social systems 15:465
utilitarianism 16:231 utility 16:243 value, labor theory of 16:280 wages 16:397 see also Trade Exchange, Equation of: see Equation of exchange Exchange, Social exchange and display 5:239 friendship 6:14 interaction: social exchange 7:452 Simmel, Georg 14:255 social institutions 14:412, 415 EXCHANGE AND DISPLAY 5:239245 economic anthropology 4:361 food: consumption patterns 5:510 Mauss, Marcel 10:80 sub-Saharan African society 1:145
trade and markets 16:118 Exchange and specialization: see Specialization and exchange Exchange optimum welfare economics 16:506 Exchange rates 8:11 balance of payments 8:2, 6, 8 banking, central 2:7
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
208
Exchange value
capital movements, private international 8:32 cost 3:405 export subsidies and dumping 8:124 Fisher, Irving 5:480 international monetary organization 8:16 international trade 8:92, 94 Misselden, Edward 10:372 monetary policy 10:422 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:117 tariffs and protectionism 8:116 utility 16:242 Exchange value 16:280, 281 Exchangeability probability: interpretations 12:502 Excise taxes 15:550 Excitatory tendency discrimination learning 9:144 Exclaves and enclaves: see Enclaves and exclaves Excommunication canon law 2:266 Executive, Political: see Political executive Executive behavior Barnard, Chester I. 2:12 industrial and business psychology 7:227 leadership: sociological aspects 9:111
operations research 11:290 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:315 Executive-legislative relations: see Legislative-executive relations Executive power Burke, Edmund 2:224 Lippmann, Walter 9:393 Exemptions death and gift taxes 15:558 personal income taxes 15:530 Exhaustion-of-product proposition Barone, Enrico 2:16 Existence psychology, existential 13:76 Existence theorem mathematics 10:69 Existential analysis 13:81
INDEX Existential psychology 13: 76 anxiety 1:360, 363 phenomenology 12:68 Existential psychotherapy 13:82 Existentialism Christianity 2:443 civil disobedience 2:478 death and bereavement 4:21 Husserl, Edmund 7:29 interaction, social 7:435 jurisprudence 8:334 phenomenology 12:68 psychology, existential 13:76 Exner, Siegmund reaction time 13:330 Exogamy incest 7:116 McLennan, John Ferguson 9:517 marriage: comparative analysis 10:10
marriage alliance 10:20 Schmidt, Wilhelm 14:56 Westermarck, Edward 16:530 Exogenous variables causation 2:352 Expanded Program of Technical Assistance (U.N.) international organization: financing 8:49 Expansion, Economic business cycles 2:227, 229, 235 ecology, human 4:335 Expansion theory (agriculture) 1:217 Expectancy tables psychometrics 13:112 Expectation, Statistical: see Expected value Expectations, Economic: see Economic expectations Expected loss decision theory 4:63, 65 Expected mean squares analysis of variance 9:327 Expected value decision making: psychological aspects 4:35 probability, formal 12:492 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:188 Expenditures consumption levels and standards 3:336, 340
inflation and deflation 7:297 medical care: economic aspects 10:102 see also Public expenditures Experience emotion 5:35 gestalt theory 6:169, 171 mental disorders, treatment of: client-centered counseling 10:179 phenomenology 12:68-69 Schlick, Moritz 14:54 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:399, 401 Verstehen 16:308, 311 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN 5:245263 THE DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
5:245-254 RESPONSE SURFACES 5:254-259 QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
5:259-263 analysis of variance 9:329, 333, 334 Bayesian inference 2:32 developmental psychology 4:139 evaluation research 5:200 Fisher, R. A. 5:489 Cosset, William Sealy 6:211 hypothesis testing 7:45 panel studies 11:375 point estimation 5:142 psychometrics 13:100 psychopharmacology 4:287 random numbers 13:308 sample surveys 13:605 sample surveys: nonprobability sampling 13:614 sequential analysis 14:188 social psychology 14:461 statistical method, history of 15:229 statistics 15:208, 210, 216, 218 Stouffer, Samuel A. 15:279 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:372 Experimental error 5:247 Experimental groups evaluation research 5:200 Experimental neurosis discrimination learning 9:148 Experimental psychology aesthetics 1:120
I CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 bers.J |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers
INDEX
External economies and diseconomies
attitudes 1:449 Bartlett, F. C. 2:20 Bekhterev, Vladimir M. 2:45 Binet, Alfred 2:74, 75 Cattell, James McKeen 2:345 concept formation 3:206 Fechner, Gustav Theodor 5:350 forgetting 5:536 Hull, Clark L. 6:535 Katz, David 8:352 Kiilpe, Oswald 8:467 Lewin, Kurt 9:267 mental disorders: experimental study 10:162 models, mathematical 10:383 motivation 10:512 Miiller, Johannes 10:525 psychology, physiological 13:60 response surfaces 5:254 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:8 Titchener, Edward B. 16:88 Washburn, Margaret Floy 16:476 Wundt, Wilhelm 16:581 Experts conservation: political and social aspects 3:272 educational organization 4:527 organizations: organizational intelligence 11:321 Explanation causation 2:350 Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:296 historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:373 prediction 12:423 psychology, existential 13:81 science, philosophy of 14:88 simulation: individual behavior 14:265 sociological thought 15:27 survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:425 see also Scientific explanation Exploitation geography, cultural 6:130 internment and custody 8:145 labor movement, theories of the 8:517 profit 12:548 social class 15:300 socialist economic thought 4:449
Exploration of data statistics 15:209 survey analysis 15:411 Explorations in Entrepreneurial History (journal) business history 6:477 Exploratory drives intellectual development 7:388 motivation, human 10:518 stimulation drives 15:266, 268 Exponential distributions distributions, special continuous 4:229 order statistics 11:187, 188 point estimation 5:148 quality control: reliability and life testing 13:236 queues 13:259 statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:195 see also Negative exponential distributions Exponential distributions, Double: see Laplace distributions Exponential family of distributions distributions, special continuous 4:229 point estimation 5:148 sufficiency 15:368 Exponential family of transformations statistical analysis: transformations of data 15:188 Export neutrality capital movements, private international 8:30 Exports balance of payments 8:3, 5 city: comparative urban structure 2:471 colonialism: economic aspects 3:10 commodity agreements, international 3:18 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:152, 153 input-output analysis 7:348 international trade 8:85, 105, 109, 111 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:125
209
mercantilism 4:436, 438 Middle American society 10:279, 281 national income and product accounts 11:24 planning, development 12:121 spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:101 subsidies and dumping 8:121, 122 tariffs and protectionism 8:113 Expression, Freedom of: see Freedom of expression EXPRESSIVE BEHAVIOR 5:263-268 emotion 5:37 gambling 6:55 gestalt theory 6:165 Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:298, 300 instinct 7:363 fol. kinesics 8:379 personality measurement: situational tests 12:49 traits 16:124 voting 16:390 Extended family family: comparative structure 5:304 housing: social aspects 6:516 Indians, North American 7:187, 191, 196 Japanese society 8:241 kinship 8:391 marriage: family formation 10:1, 3 EXTERNAL ECONOMIES AND DISECONOMIES 5:268-274 capital, social overhead 2:288 cost 3:412 firm, theory of the 5:459 housing: economic aspects 6:525 industrialization: economic aspects 7:258 land: economic aspects 8:555 Marshall, Alfred 10:29 medical care: economic aspects 10:101 nationalization 11:73 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:103 rent 13:460 spatial economics: the partial equilibrium approach 15:99 specialization and exchange 15:113 tariffs and protectionism 8:117 welfare economics 16:508
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
210
Extinction
Extinction acquired drives 4:285 behavior therapy 10:192 classical conditioning 9:129 forgetting 5:540 learning 9:119 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:483 reinforcement learning 9:136, 140 Extrapolations prediction and forecasting, economic 12:427, 428, 437 Extrasensory perception parapsychology 11:386 fol. Extraversion analytical psychology 1:276 leadership: psychological aspects 9:98 smoking 14:337 Extreme values order statistics 11:183, 184 statistical analysis, special problems of: outliers 15:178 Extremum problems mathematics 10:69 Eye movements 16:327 attention 1:445 dreams 4:258 infant development 7:277 kinesics 8:383 nervous system: electroencephalography 11:159 perception: illusions and aftereffects 11:548 sensory and motor development 14:183 stimulation drives 15:270 visual defects 16:337, 338 Eysenck, Hans J. behavior therapy 10:189 mental disorders: experimental study 10:170 personality inventories 12:38 psychology, constitutional 13:73 smoking 14:337 suggestion 15:370, 371, 372
FCC: see Federal Communications Commission F-distributions (variance-ratio distributions) 4:226
INDEX Fisher, R. A. 5:490 multivariate analysis 10:531 F-distributions, Noncentral: see Noncentral F-distributions FGMA Study: see Family Growth in Metropolitan America Study FHA: see Farmers Home Administration; Federal Housing Administration FIFO: see First in, first out procedure FLSA: sec Fair Labor Standards Act FPC: see Federal Power Commission FSM: see Free Speech Movement F-scale prejudice 12:443 systems analysis: psychological systems 15:489 F-statistic analysis of variance 9:326 Lexis, Wilhelm 9:273 F-test analysis of variance 9:326 errors in statistical assumptions 5:137, 138, 141 hypothesis testing 7:45 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:86 variances, statistical study of 16:297 Wilks, S. S. 16:551 F-test, Power of analysis of variance 9:334 Fabian Essays (Shaw, Webb et al.) socialist economic thought 4:448 Wallas, Graham 16:440 Webb, Sidney and Beatrice 16:488 Fabian Society 14:510, 513 Wallas. Graham 16:440, 441 Webb, Sidney and Beatrice 16:488, 490 Wicksteed, Philip Henry 16:545 Fabianism Laski, Harold J. 9:31 socialism 14:513 socialist economic thought 4:446, 448, 452 Fabricius, Eric imprinting 7:110 Face validity: see Content validity Facial nerve nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:136
Fact-finding industrial disputes, settlement of 8:508 Fact-finding commissions international conflict resolution 7:509 FACTOR ANALYSIS 5:275-287 STATISTICAL ASPECTS 5:275-281 PSYCHOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
5:281-287 aptitude testing 1:370 clustering 2:523 content analysis 3:375 creativity: psychological aspects 3:437 geography, statistical 6:148 individual differences 7:203 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:422 Kelley, Truman L. 8:359 multivariate analysis 10:536 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:544 personality development 11:606 psychology, constitutional 13:67, 71 psychometrics 13:102, 107 sociometry 15:56 Spearman, C. E. 15:108, 109 statistical identifiability 15:202 statistical method, history of 15:230 statistics 15:214 thinking 15:613 Thurstone, L. L. 16:23 traits 16:125 variances, statistical study of 16:292 Factor equations factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:276 Factor interpretation factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:278 Factor loadings factor analysis 5:277 Factor price equalization theorem international trade 8:88, 98 Factor reversal test Fisher, Irving 5:482 index numbers: theoretical aspects 7:156
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Family
Factor substitution income distribution: functional share 7:141 Factorial designs experimental design 5:246, 250 Fisher, R. A. 5:489 linear hypotheses: analysis of variance 9:329, 333 Factorial moment generating function distributions, special discrete 4:222 Factories industrialization: economic aspects 7:258 industry, small 7:272 paternalism 11:474 workers 16:566 Factors of production international trade 8:87 land: economic aspects 8:550, 552 value, labor theory of 16:281 wages 16:399 see also Production Facts science, philosophy of 14:86 Faculty psychology educational psychology 4:533 Fads collective behavior 2:557 fashion 5:341, 344 mass phenomena 10:56 see also Fashion FAHLBECK, PONTUS ERLAND 5:287-288 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:255 Westergaard, Harald 16:529 Fahrenheit 451 (Bradbury) 14:477 Failure rate, Instantaneous: see Hazard function Fair Labor Standards Act (U.S. 1938) wage and hour legislation 16:421 welfare state 16:516 Fair-trade laws resale price maintenance 13:482 Fairman, H. W. government 6:218 Faith attitudes 1:455 Luther, Martin 9:495 see also Belief Falange Espanola 5:288
FALANGISM 5:288-292 government 6:221 Fall, The (Camus) 9:437 FALLACIES, STATISTICAL 5:292301 causation 2:354 employment and unemployment 5:52 statistics 15:217 see also Nonsampling errors Fallers, Lloyd A. conflict: anthropological aspects 3:239 family: comparative structure 5:303 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:209 Familial retardation mental retardation 10:226, 232, 233, 234, 238, 240 Famille-souche: see Stem-family FAMILY 5:301-322 COMPARATIVE STRUCTURE 5:301-
313 DISORGANIZATION
AND DISSOLUTION
5:313-322
Adler, Alfred 1:59 adoption 1:97, 98 aging: social aspects 1:188 assets 3:345 authority 1:475 Bachofen, Johann Jakob 1:493 Burgess, Ernest W. 2:220 Burke, Edmund 2:222 Caribbean society 2:315 community disorganization 3:164 community-society continua 3:174 conflict: anthropological aspects 3:239 consensus 3:264 cooperation 3:385 crafts 3:432 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:89, 91 delinquency: sociological aspects 4:81 drug addiction: social aspects 4:302 ecology, cultural 4:339, 343 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:424 economy and society 4:502
211
eugenics 5:193 fertility 5:376, 377 food: consumption patterns 5:509 Frazier, E. Franklin 5:553 homosexuality 14:223 housing: social aspects 6:517 illness 7:93 incest 7:115, 116, 117, 119 income distribution: size 7:146, 149 income taxes, personal 15:532 Indians, North American 7:183, 187, 189, 191, 196 industrialization: social aspects 7:268 installment credit 7:357, 358 Islam 8:213 Islamic countries 11:99 Japanese society 8:241 kinship 8:391 labor force 8:479 Le Play, Frederic 9:85, 86, 88 Locke, John 9:467 McLennan, John Ferguson 9:517 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:530 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:543 marriage: family formation 10:1, 2 medical care: social aspects 10:94 mental disorders, childhood 10:161 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222 Middle American society 10:278 Morgan, Lewis Henry 10:496 occupations and careers 11:251 Oceanian society 11:261 paternalism 11:472 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:24 planning, welfare 12:149 political culture 12:220 population composition 12:366 population policies 12:384 privacy 12:483 Proudhon, Pierre Joseph 12:605 psychiatry 12:612 psychotherapy, group 10:186 rural society 13:586 schizophrenia 14:46, 49 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:205 sexual deviation: social aspects 14:217
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS i [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
212
INDEX
Family allowances
social behavior, animal 14:349, 359 social change 14:368 social mobility 14:430 socialization, political 14:554 South Asian society 1:417 stratification, social 15:293 sub-Saharan African society 1:141 Tourville, Henri de 16:113 Vico, Giovanni Battista 16:314 Waller, Willard W. 16:444 welfare state 16:513 Westermarck, Edward 16:530 see also Extended family- Marriage; Nuclear family Family allowances (France) population policies 12:384 Family firm Le Play, Frederic 9:86 Family Growth in Metropolitan America Study fertility control 5:385, 386 Family law comparative law and legal systems 9:210 Family planning fertility 5:377 fertility control 5:382 population 12:347 population policies 12:385, 387 Family-tree theory (linguistics) 9:380 FAMINE 5:322-326 food: world problems 5:503 FANON, FRANTZ 5:326-327 Caribbean society 2:318 socialism 14:528 FANTASY 5:327-334 achievement motivation 1:27 aesthetics 1:118 humor 7:3 neurosis 11:164 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:13 psychoanalysis: therapeutic methods 13:32 Rorschach test 12:570 Farber, I. E. stress 15:339 Farber, Leslie psychology, existential 13:81 Farberow, Norman L. suicide: psychological aspects 15:391 Farm labor: see Agricultural workers
Farm Security Administration (U.S.) 1:230 Farmer, James civil disobedience 2:482 Farmers cooperatives 3:395 economy, dual 4:498 interpersonal influence 4:182 monetary reform 10:454 plantations 12:158 productivity 7:145 social class, measurement of 15:322 social mobility 14:432 social movements 14:443 see also Agricultural workers Farmers Home Administration credit, agricultural 3:470 Farming: see Agriculture Farms agriculture 1:225, 238, 257 Farr, William vital statistics 16:343 Farsightedness: see Hypermetropia FASCISM 5:334-341 Christianity 2:444 civil-military relations 2:492 dictatorship 4:164 falangism 5:290 government 6:220 Halevy, Elie 6:310 international relations: ideological aspects 8:73 Lundberg, George 9:493 Mosca, Gaetano 10:506 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:25 radicalism 13:298 revolution 13:505 socialism 14:517, 518, 520 status, social 15:255 totalitarianism 16:106 see also Falangism Fascist Party (Italy) 5:336, 337 FASHION 5:341-345 collective behavior 2:557 communication, mass: audiences 3:79 style 15:353 see also Fads FATIGUE 5:345-348 psychology, applied 13:89 sleep 14:316
space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:89 Fear anxiety 1:359, 360, 361 avoidance learning 9:151 conflict: psychological aspects 3:223 creativity: psychological aspects 3:438 drives, acquired 4:283, 284 emotion 5:37 instrumental learning 9:132 personality development 11:609 stimulation drives 15:268 see also Phobias FEBVRE, LUCIEN 5:348-350 Bloch, Marc 2:93 environmentalism 5:93 social history 6:458 Vidal de la Blache, Paul 16:317 FECHNER, GUSTAV THEODOR 5:350-353 Miiller, George Elias 10:523 psychophysics 13:123 senses 14:174 Weber, Ernst Heinrich 16:493 Wundt, Wilhelm 16:582, 583 Fecundity: see Fertility Federal Administrative Procedure Act (U.S. 1946) 1:82 Federal Communications Commission administrative law 1:81 commissions, government 3:13 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:58, 61 film 5:430 regulation of industry 13:395 Federal courts judicial administration 8:301 Federal Farm Board price and income policies 1:250 Federal Farm Loan Act (U.S. 1916) credit, agricultural 3:468 Federal Housing Administration credit, government 3:461, 464 Federal land banks credit, government 3:462 Federal National Mortgage Association credit, government 3:462 Federal Power Commission administrative law 1:81 regulation of industry 13:391
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Feudalism
Federal Reserve System banking, central 2:1, 4, 7 credit, government 3:462 installment credit 7:359, 362 international monetary organization 8:23 money 10:430 money: quantity theory 10:445 national income and product accounts 11:31 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure adjudication 1:48 Federal Tort Claims Act (U.S. 1946) administrative law 1:83 Federal Trade Commission administrative law 1:81 antitrust legislation 1:354 FEDERALISM 5:353-367 city: metropolitan government 2:464
communism, international 3:126 constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:301, 302 government 6:224 Hamilton, Alexander 6:314 judicial review 8:304 local government 9:452 local politics 9:462 Proudhon, Pierre Joseph 12:605 sovereignty 15:77 state 15:145 Federalist, The (Hamilton, Madison, Jay) 6:313 Federation international integration, regional 7:523 Feedback automation 1:480, 481 cybernetics 4:4 functional analysis, varieties of 6:40 homeostasis 6:500 imitation 7:97 intellectual development 7:392, 396 Mead, George Herbert 10:86 models, mathematical 10:379 nervous system: evolutionary and behavioral aspects of the brain 11:128 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:113 prediction 12:422
skill, acquisition of 9:174 Wiener, Norbert 16:546 workers 16:566 Fei, John C. H. aggregation 1:164 economic growth 4:416 Fellini, Federico film 5:429 Fellman, David Coker, Francis W. 2:553 Felony 3:490 Femininity analytical psychology 1:278 family: disorganization and dissolution 5:320 homosexuality 14:225 sex differences 7:210 Terman, Lewis M. 15:602 Feminist movement social movements 14:445 Feng-chien Chinese political thought 2:395 Fenton, William ethnohistory 6:442 Ferdun, G. S. errors, nonsampling 5:126 FERENCZI, SANDOR 5:367-369 psychosomatic illness 13:141 Rank, Otto 13:315 FERGUSON, ADAM 5:369-371 Ferguson, George A. factor analysis: psychological applications 5:284 mental retardation 10:231 Ferguson, Leonard W. conformity 3:256 Ferguson, Roy rules of the game 13:574 Ferrari, Giuseppe generations 6:88 Ferrero, Guglielmo legitimacy 9:247 Ferri, Enrico criminology 3:506 FERTILITY 5:371-382 cohort analysis 2:546, 549 economic growth 4:400, 401 eugenics 5:193 fertility control 5:382 genetics 6:103, 104, 105, 106 industrialization: social aspects 7:268
213
optimum population theory 12:361 population composition 12:365, 366 population growth 12:380 population policies 12:382 rural society 13:586 social change 14:371 Willcox, Walter F. 16:554 FERTILITY CONTROL 5:382-388 fertility 5:374 modernization: social aspects 10:389 optimum population theory 12:361 population: the field of demography 12:344, 347 population policies 12:384 social change 14:373 Wicksell, Knut 16:539 see also Birth control; Family planning Fertility tables Korosy, Jozsef 8:446 Fertilization genetics and behavior 6:98 Fertilizers agriculture: productivity and technology 1:243 Feshbach, Seymour fantasy 5:330 Fessard, A. learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:156 Festinger, Leon attitude change 1:463 cohesion, social 2:542, 543, 544 field theory 5:412, 415 gambling 6:55 group behavior 6:273 motivation 10:513 rumor 13:577 social psychology 14:465 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:618, 620 Fetal development sensory and motor development 14:183 FEUD 5:389-393 war 16:469 Feudal Society (Bloch) 2:94 FEUDALISM 5:393-403 agriculture: history 1:218 agriculture: social organization 1:210
j CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
214
INDEX
Feuerbach, Ludiuig Andreas
Bloch, Marc 2:94 bureaucracy 2:208 capitalism 2:295 centralization and decentralization 2:372 Christianity 2:436 civil-military relations 2:489 community-society continua 3:178 constitutional law: civil liberties 3:308 elections 5:4 evolution, social 5:231 federalism 5:362 Gierke, Otto von 6:178 Japanese society 8:238, 244 manorial economy 9:562, 564 peasantry 11:504 social class 15:305 socialist economic thought 4:449 state 15:145 stratification, social 15:328 village 16:318 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:367 Feuerbach, Ludwig Andreas alienation 1:264 Marx, Karl 10:34 Fichte, J. G. Historical School 4:455 Fiction historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:381 see also Political fiction; Social science fiction Fidelity life cycle 9:290 FIDUCIAL INFERENCE 5:403-406 confidence intervals and regions 5:155 fallacies, statistical 5:299 Fisher, R. A. 5:488 statistical method, history of 15:228 statistics 15:212 Fiducial probability distributions 5:403, 404 Fiduciary standard money: quantity theory 10:436 Fiedler, Fred E. group behavior 6:271 leadership: psychological aspects 9:95
Fief feudalism 5:393, 396 Field, Peter B. drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:269 Field, Stephen J. judicial decision 8:321 Field administration centralization and decentralization 2:371 Field dependency and independency psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:43 Field research area studies 1:403 Oceanian society 11:265 social psychology 14:461 see also Field work FIELD THEORY 5:406-417 adolescence 1:93 conflict: psychological aspects 3:221 developmental psychology 4:139 Geddes, Patrick 6:82 Lewin, Kurt 9:266 personality 11:591 socialization: psychological aspects 14:536 Wertheimer, Max 16:524 FIELD WORK 5:418-424 anthropology, cultural 1:314, 316 anthropology, social 1:323 archeology 1:380 Boas, Franz 2:103 ethnography 5:173, 175 ethnohistory 6:445 interviewing: social research 8:149 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:543, 544 modern society, anthropological study of 1:332 observation, participant 11:239 Radin, Paul 13:302 Seligman, C. G. 14:160 social work 14:499 see also Field research FIGGIS, JOHN NEVILLE 5:424-426 Gierke, Otto von 6:180 pluralism 12:166 Figural aftereffects 11:550 Kohler, Wolfgang 8:441 Filangieri, Gaetano comparative public law 13:185
Filiation family: comparative structure 5:307 linguistics, historical 9:380 FILM (cinema) 5:426-432 communication, mass: audiences 3:74 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:58 fol. Finance banking 1:512 business management 2:251 communism, economic organization of 3:134 see also Local finance; Public finance Financial equalization 9:449 FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES 5:432-439 banking 1:521 economics 4:480 installment credit 7:355 money 10:430, 431 national wealth: distribution 11:60 Financial statements, Annual: see Annual financial statements Financing, International 8:47 Financing, Political: see Political financing FINE ARTS 5:439-455 ART AND SOCIETY 5:439-447 THE RECRUITMENT AND SOCIALIZATION OF ARTISTS 5:447-455
architecture 1:392 Burckhardt, Jacob 2:204 creativity: social aspects 3:451 ethnomusicology 10:564 fashion 5:342 intellectuals 7:404 professions 12:538 Rank, Otto 13:316 style 15:354 fol. see also Architecture; Literature; Painting; Sculpture Finer, Herman politics, comparative 12:332 Finer, Samuel E. civil-military relations 2:493 militarism 10:303 Fingerprinting Galton, Francis 6:51
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Fisher's ^-distribution
Finite-effects model analysis of variance 9:331 Finland blindness 2:88 cooperatives 3:394, 395 electoral systems 5:8, 16 jurisprudence 8:339 local government 9:455 migration: economic aspects 10:294 population composition 12:367 sales and excise taxes 15:552 vital statistics 16:341 Finney, D. J. screening and selection 14:124, 125
Fiqh
Snouck Hurgronje, Christiaan 14:340 FIRM, THEORY OF THE 5:455-460 Barone, Enrico 2:16 business management 2:249 conservation: economic aspects 3:283 cross-section analysis 3:523 econometrics 4:357 income distribution: functional share 7:139 inventory control theory 8:184 Marshall, Alfred 10:29 monopoly 10:462 oligopoly 11:284 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:430 production and cost analysis 12:521 rent 13:455 research and development, industrial 13:485 wages 16:400 Firms budgeting: political aspects 2:197 business history 6:477 competition 3:181 economic equilibrium 4:381 economies of scale 4:491 industrial concentration 7:218 investment decision 8:197, 200 investment function, aggregate 8:193 labor force 8:477 production 12:518 rent 13:459
size distributions in economics 14:298 sociology of work 7:234 specialization and exchange 15:113 First-degree murder 3:490 First-in, first-out procedure accounting 1:117 First International: see International, First Firth, Raymond W. culture 3:533 culture change 3:555 Oceanian society 11:266 peasantry 11:506 primitive art 12:478 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:439 social structure 14:484 societies, small 14:575 theology, primitive 15:607 FISCAL POLICY 5:460-475 OVERVIEW 5:460-471 WARTIME FISCAL POLICY 5:471475 budgeting, government 2:185, 191 communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:146 debt, public 4:31 income and employment theory 7:128 innovation 7:343 international trade 8:94 investment function, aggregate 8:192 liquidity preference 9:407, 408 monetary policy 10:425 money: quantity theory 10:432, 445 public expenditures 13:162 Simons, Henry C. 14:261 taxation 15:526 see also Monetary policy Fischer, J. L. aesthetics 1:118 Fish conservation: economic aspects 3:287, 288 food: world problems 5:506 social behavior, animal 14:346 Fisher, Franklin M. distributed lags 4:215 statistical identifiability 15:204
215
FISHER, IRVING 5:475-485 capital, human 2:278, 279 distributed lags 4:215 economic data 4:365 index numbers 7:155, 159 inflation and deflation 7:291, 299 interest 7:472 investment decision 8:195, 197, 198 liquidity preference 9:394 money: quantity theory 10:433, 434 money: velocity of circulation 10:447, 450 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:408 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:426 simulation: economic processes 14:270 utility 16:259 FISHER, R. A. 5:485-491 analysis of variance 9:324 confidence intervals and regions 5:155 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:105 experiments, design of 5:246, 248 fallacies, statistical 5:299 fiducial inference 5:403 Galton, Francis 6:52 Cosset, William Sealy 6:212, 213 information theory 7:331 multivariate analysis 10:527, 538, 546, 548, 549, 553 point estimation 5:147, 149 random numbers 13:310 statistical method, history of 15:227, 228 sufficiency 15:367 time series 16:49 Fisher, Walter D. aggregation 1:166 Fisher distributions 4:221 Fisher exact test counted data 3:422 Fisher-Neyman theorem sufficiency 15:368 Fisher-Pearson measures goodness of fit 6:204 Fisher's z-distribution distributions, special discrete 4:227
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
216
INDEX
Fisher's z-transformation
Fisher's z-transformation multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:539, 542 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:549 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:186, 189 Fiske, Donald W. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 12:46 personality inventories 12:42 personality measurement 12:36 personality measurement: situational tests 12:50 Fison, Lorimer Morgan, Lewis Henry 10:497 Five Civilized Tribes (Indians) 7:197 Five-year plans communism, economic organization of 3:133 Fix, Evelyn goodness of fit 6:202 Fixation Abraham, Karl 1:2 Fixed cost cost 3:409 population theories 12:353 Fleming, J. M. international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:128 FLETCHER, ALICE CUNNINGHAM 5:491-494
FLEURE, H. J. 5:494-495 Flies s, Wilhelm Freud, Sigmund 6:2 Floating debt 4:30 Flood control water resources 16:479 Floods famine 5:323 Florence, P. Sargant specialization and exchange 15:114 FLOURENS, PIERRE 5:495-496 Charcot, Jean Martin 2:384 Flow chart computation 3:195 Flow-of-funds accounts economic data 4:367 national income and product accounts 11:22, 27, 29, 31, 32
planning, economic: Western Europe 12:105 Foch, Ferdinand strategy 15:284 Fogel, Robert W. technology 15:578 Foley, John P., Jr. language, psychology of 9:2 Folk Culture of Yucatan, The (Redfield) 13:351 community-society continua 3:177 Folk heroes Anglo-American society 1:299 Folk ideas: see Volkergedanken Folk linguistics: see Ethnosemantics Folk medicine ethnomedicine 10:88, 90, 91 Folk models social structure: social structural analysis 14:490 Folk music music and society 10:566 Folk society Becker, Howard 2:40 communication, mass 3:72 community-society continua 3:177 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:423, 426 judicial process: comparative aspects 8:294 modern society, anthropological study of 1:333 Odum, Howard W. 11:271 peasantry 11:509 Redfield, Robert 13:351 fol. urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:221 village 16:319 see also Peasantry; Tribal society; Village Folk-urban continuum acculturation 1:25 community-society continua 3:177 Redfield, Robert 13:351 FOLKLORE 5:496-500 Benedict, Ruth 2:48 Gennep, Arnold van 6:113 Lang, Andrew 8:580 Parsons, Elsie Clews 11:427 Radlov, Vasilii 13:305 social institutions: comparative study 14:427 see also Myth and symbol; Verbal art
Folktales 5:497 see also Folklore Folkways integration, cultural 7:376 norms 11:205 Odum, Howard W. 11:271 Sumner, William Graham 15:407 Folkways (Sumner) 15:407 FOLLETT, MARY PARKER 5:500502 general will 6:87 political process 12:270 Fontenelle, Bernard anthropology 1:309 FOOD 5:502-513 WORLD PROBLEMS 5:502-508 CONSUMPTION PATTERNS 5:508-
513
agriculture: marketing 1:246 agriculture : production 1: 227, 228 agriculture: social organization 1:210 Caribbean society 2:307 caste 2:341 consumption levels and standards 3:335, 339 cooperatives 3:394 famine 5:322 food-producing revolution 4:245 hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:24 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:152 obesity 11:230 Oceanian society 11:254, 258, 259 planning, resource 12:139 poverty 12:402 social behavior, animal: the regulation of animal populations 14:361 state trading 8:137 urban revolution 16:202 village 16:318 Food for Freedom Act (U.S. 1966) foreign aid: economic aspects 5:522 population policies 12:387 Foods, Synthetic food: world problems 5:506
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Fortran
INDEX Foote, Nelson time budgets 16:46 Footnotes historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:384 tabular presentation 15:498 Force and Freedom (Burckhardt) 2:205 Force of mortality: see Hazard function Forced choice technique perception, unconscious 11:577 psychophysics 13:121 Forced labor internment and custody 8:142 manorial economy 9: 564 Ford, Clellan S. homosexuality 14:230 Ford, Henry conservatism 3:293 Ford, Paul Leicester literature: political fiction 9:433 Ford Foundation behavioral sciences 2:42 Forde, Daryll descent groups 8:402 Forecasting: see Prediction Forecasting, Weather: see Weather forecasting Forecasting and prediction, Economic: see Prediction and forecasting, Economic FOREIGN AID 5:513-529 POLITICAL ASPECTS 5:513-521 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 5:521-529
industrialization: economic aspects 7:261 migration: economic aspects 10:297 neutralism and nonalignment 11:168 planning, development 12:123 technical assistance 15:566 see also Bilateral aid; Multilateral aid; Technical assistance Foreign exchange: see Exchange rates Foreign investment: see Investment, Foreign FOREIGN POLICY 5:530-535 bipartisanship 2:79 civil-military relationships 2:491
communication, political 3:98 communication, political: international aspects 3:100 communism, Soviet 3:110 containment 3:369 crisis 3:511 deterrence 4:130, 131 diplomacy 4:188 foreign aid: political aspects 5:513 intelligence, political and military 7:415, 416, 419 international integration, regional 7 -. 527 international politics 8:53, 56 international relations 8:67 international relations: psychological aspects 8:79 Islamic countries 11:96 isolationism 8:217 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:510 Mexico 9:41 military policy 10:319 national interest 11:34 national security 11:43 neutralism and nonalignment 11:166, 168, 171 systems analysis: international systems 15:482 technology and international relations 15:589 Foreign Policy for Americans, A (Taft) 8:220 Foreign trade business cycles 2:242 capital movements, private international 8:30 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:140 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:151, 152 export subsidies and dumping 8:121 government statistics 6:232 imperialism 7:103 industrialization: economic aspects 7:261 integration, functional 7:538 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:125 mercantilism 4:435 Mun, Thomas 10:560
217
planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:114, 117 Ricardo, David 13:509 trade agreements 8:130 state trading 8:136 urban revolution 16:205 see also International trade Forensic psychiatry 12:629 criminal law 3:502 Forest Physiography (Bowman) 2:137 Forest Service (U.S.) conservation: political and social aspects 3:275, 276, 278 Forestry conservation: economic aspects 3:280, 289 conservation: political and social aspects 3:275, 276 FORGETTING 5:536-542 defense mechanisms 4:67 errors, nonsampling 5:121 Koffka, Kurt 8:438 Kohler, Wolfgang 8:440 learning 9:118 skill, acquisition of 9:175 verbal learning 9:166, 167 see also Memory Formal sociology 15:2 Formalism law, sociology of 9:50 mathematics 10:74 Formants speech perception 11:556 Formative stage urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:214 Vaillant, George C. 16:278 Formosa: see Taiwan Forster, E. M. literature: political fiction 9:433 Forsyth, Elaine sociometry 15:55 Fortes, Meyer culture 3:531 family: comparative structure 5:307, 309 social structure 14:485, 487 Fortescue, John constitutions and constitutionalism 3:321 sovereignty 15:78 Fortran (computer language) 3:199
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers^
2 18
Fossil primates
Fossil primates evolution, human 5:217 evolution, primate 5:210 physical anthropology 12:86, 89 Foster homes adoption 1:97 Foundation Directory (ed., Walton and Lewis) 5:543 FOUNDATIONS 5:542-547 research and development: financing social research 13:489 securities markets 14:140 sociology 15:16 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:363 Foundations for a Science of Personality (Angyal) 1:302 Foundations of Social Anthropology, The (Nadel) 11:2 Foundations of Sociology (Ross) 13:560 4-H Clubs voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:363 Four noble truths (Buddhism) 2:168 Fourastie, Jean equality as an ideal 5:110 FOURIER, CHARLES 5:547-548 socialism 14:507 socialist economic thought 4:447 Fourier series time series 16:51 time series: advanced problems 16:66, 69 Fourier transform mathematics 10:70 Fox, Karl A. demand and supply: econometric studies 4:108, 109 Fractions statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:186 Frame (statistics) sample surveys 13:597, 604 France, Clemens J. gambling 6:56 France academic freedom 1:6 administrative function 1:62 administrative law 1:79, 80, 81, 83 agriculture: history 1:215 alliances 1:269
INDEX anti-Semitism 1:347 apportionment 1:368 area and population 12:377 area studies 1:402 Bagehot, Walter 1:500 banking 1:517 Breuil, Henri 2:151 budgeting as a political process 2:194, 195 bureaucracy 2:209, 210 business cycles 2:231 capital movements, private international 8:28 Caribbean society 2:309 censorship 2:359 centralization and decentralization 2:375 Christianity 2:439, 440 city: metropolitan government 2:464 civil service 2:496, 497 code law 9:215, 216 colonialism: economic aspects 3:10 colonialism: political aspects 3:4 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:56 communism, international 3:121 comparative law and legal systems 9:205, 207 conservation: political and social aspects 3:278 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:323, 324 corporation 3:398 credit, agricultural 3:467 criminology 3:507 crisis government 3:515 delegation of powers 4:72, 73 economic growth 4:397 educational organization 4:529 electoral systems 5:8, 10 employment and unemployment 5:50, 51, 53 engineering 5:73 entrepreneurship 5:87 environmentalism 5:94 equality as an ideal 5:110 fertility 5:376 fertility control 5:382 feudalism 5:397 fine arts: art and society 5:445
foreign aid: economic aspects 5:524 geography 6:115 geography, social 6:136 government 6:221 government statistics 6:230 Halevy, Elie 6:309 homicide 3:490 identification, political 7:59 illegitimacy 7:88 imperialism 7:101, 104 income distribution: functional share 7:136 income taxes, personal 15:532 industrialization: economic aspects 7:254 international integration: economic unions 7:542 journalism 8:271 Judaism 8:275 judicial process 8:288 jurisprudence 8:338 labor force: hours of work 8:488 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:525 fol. Law, John 9:79 legislatures 9:232 limited war 9:306 literature, sociology of 9:420 local government 9:455 majority rule 9:538 manorial economy 9:564 Maurras, Charles 10:77 mercantilism 4:438, 441 migration: economic aspects 10:294 military 10:306 monarchy 10:414 monetary reform 10:455 music and society 10:570, 571 nation 11:8, 12 national income and product accounts 11:20 national wealth: estimation 11:58 nuptiality 11:225 parliamentary government 11:424 parties, political 11:442 patents 11:462, 465 philanthropy 12:75 physiocratic thought 4:443 planning, development 12:120 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:102, 106, 108
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Freedom
political executive 12:229 population composition 12:365, 367 population policies 12:384, 387 presidential government 12:455 price history 12:471, 473, 475 psychiatry, social 12:624 public law, comparative 13:185, 186 public opinion 13:196 race relations: world perspectives 13:271 radicalism 13:296, 298 religious observance 13:423, 424, 425 representational systems 13:469 sales and excise taxes 15:552 science-government relations 14:103, 105 sex ratio 12:363 social class 15:299 social research, early history of 15:37, 44 socialism 14:514, 515, 522 socialization, political 14:552 sociology 15:9, 14 South Asia 1:431, 432 state: the concept 15:152 state trading 8:137 suicide: social aspects 15:380 syndicalism 15:448 systems analysis, international 15:481 taxation 15:528 technical assistance 15:566 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:93 trade agreements 8:130 universities 16:193, 194, 195 wages 16:409, 411 war 16:457 Franchises monopoly 10:462 Francis of Assisi (saint) homelessness 6:496 monasticism 10:419 Franco, Francisco falangism 5:289 FRANK, JEROME 5:548-550 judicial behavior 8:308 Frank, Johann Peter public health 13:167 Frank, Lawrence K. Rorschach test 12:568
Frankel, Charles public interest 13:172 Frankel, S. H. technical assistance 15:569 Frankfurter, Felix constitutional law 3:299 judicial behavior 8:308 public interest 13:171 Franz, Shepard Ivory Lashley, Karl S. 9:28 mental disorders: experimental study 10:164 Fraternal twins genetics and behavior 6:100 individual differences 7:202 Fraternity gilds 6:184 FRAZER, JAMES GEORGE 5:550553 Gennep, Arnold van 6:114 kingship 8:386 magic 9:521 pollution 12:336 religion: anthropological study 13:399 religion, sociology of 13:408 ritual 13:522 theology, primitive 15:605 FRAZIER, E. FRANKLIN 5:553-554 race relations: world perspectives 13:270 Frechet, Maurice Quetelet, Adolphe 13:255 Frederick the Great intelligence, political and military 7:416 Fredholm's linear integral equation mathematics 10:68 Free association dreams 4:261 interviewing: personality appraisal 8:168 Janet, Pierre 8:235 language, psychology of 9:3 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:2 psychoanalysis: therapeutic methods 13:32 psychosomatic illness 13:140 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:405 Free Corps (Germany) socialism 14:520 Free Fall (Golding) 9:438
219
Free market economy consumer sovereignty 3:327 Free Speech Movement civil disobedience 2:482 Free trade Barton, John 2:22 capital movements, private international 8:29, 30 colonialism: economic aspects 3:7, 9 Dupuit, Jules 4:309 George, Henry 6:152 Gervaise, Isaac 6:156 Hume, David 6:549 international integration: economic unions 7:542 international trade 8:86, 90 Keynes, John Maynard 8:372 laissez-faire 8:547 List, Friedrich 9:410 mercantilism 4:441 Ricardo, David 13:509 tariffs and protectionism 8:114, 115, 116 Tooke, Thomas 16:103 war 16:461 welfare economics 16:507 Free will freedom 5:556 instrumental learning 9:135 James, William 8:228 Kelsen, Hans 8:363 literature: political fiction 9:438 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:255 Freed, A. M. conformity 3:256 Freedman, Jonathan L. thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:621 FREEDOM 5:554-559 academic freedom 1:4 Burke, Edmund 2:223 civil disobedience 2:475 constitutional law: civil liberties 3:308 consumer behavior 3:349 democracy 4:115 equality 5:107 Kant, Immanuel 8:350 Kelsen, Hans 8:363 law, sociology of 9: 54 liberalism 9:276 literature: political fiction 9:437
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 j_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
220
INDEX
Freedom, Degrees of
Locke, John 9:466 Mill, John Stuart 10:343 natural law 11:81 norms 11:207 psychology, existential 13:79 slavery 14:308 social class 15:300 see also Liberty Freedom, Degrees of: see Degrees of freedom Freedom of assembly communication, mass 3:55 Freedom of expression censorship 2:356 communication, mass 3:55, 56 Mill, John Stuart 10:343 see also Freedom of assembly; Freedom of speech; Freedom of the press Freedom of speech constitutional law: civil liberties 3:310 Freedom of the press advertising 1:110, 111 censorship 2:357, 359 communication, mass 3:44, 57, 59 Freedom, Power, and Democratic Planning (Mannheim) 9:560 Freeman, Linton community-society continua 3:178 Frei, Eduardo Latin American political movements 9:45 French, John R. P. leadership: sociological aspects 9:104 French, Thomas M. dreams 4:262 French Fourth Plan planning, economic: Western Europe 12:106 French language linguistics, historical 9:375, 376 North African society 1:135 French Revolution (1789) Acton, J. E. E. D. 1:42 Burke, Edmund 2:225 dictatorship 4:163 federalism 5:363 intellectual history 6:465 natural law 11:85 revolution 13:505
Robinson, James Harvey 13:535 social history 6:461 socialism 14:506 status, social 15:254 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:91 typologies 16:182 war 16:458, 459 FRENKEL-BRUNSWIK, ELSE 5:559-562 aging 1:177 Brunswik, Egon 2:156 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:25 pollution 12:338 Frequency probability 12:501 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:183 survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:423 time series 16:52 time series: advanced problems 16:63 von Mises, Richard 16:383 Frequency curves distributions, approximations to 4:231 graphic presentation 6:246 Pearson, Karl 11:500 Frequency distribution achievement testing 1:37 Galton, Francis 6:50 statistical method, history of 15:224 statistics, descriptive 15:236 Frequency function probability, formal 12:491, 492 Frequency graphs graphic presentation 6:246 Frequency table economic expectations 4:392 statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:193 statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:234 Freud, Anna adolescence 1:88 character disorders 2:379, 383 defense mechanisms 4:68 FREUD, SIGMUND 6:1-12 Abraham, Karl 1:1, 3
Adler, Alfred 1:57, 59 adolescence 1:87 affection 1:121, 122 aggression 1:168 Alexander, Franz 1:262 alienation 1:267 analytical psychology 1:274 fol., 281 anxiety 1:358 body image 2:114 Buhler, Karl 2:200 character disorders 2:379 Charcot, Jean Martin 2:385 conflict: psychological aspects 3:220, 221 death and bereavement 4:24 defense mechanisms 4:66 developmental psychology 4:137 drama 4:256 dreams 4:261 family: comparative structure 5:306 fantasy 5:328, 329 Ferenczi, Sandor 5:367 fol. Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:298 homeostasis 6:501 homosexuality 14:225 Horney, Karen 6:513, 515 humor 7:1 fol. hysteria 7:49 identification, political 7:57 identity, psychosocial 7:61 incest 7:117 individual psychology 7:214 instinct 7:365 interaction, social 7:432, 433 interaction, symbolic 7:445 Janet, Pierre 8:235 Jung, Carl Gustav 8:327 Klein, Melanie 8:416 life cycle 9:286 literature, psychology of 9:427 mental health 10:216 moral development 10:487 motivation, human 10:515 neurosis 11:162 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:242, 243 paranoid reactions 11:382 personality 11:588, 593 phobias 12:82 psychiatry 12:609 psychiatry, child 12:617
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
INDEX psychoanalysis; classical theory 13:1, 11 psychoanalysis: therapeutic
methods 13:31, 37 fol. psychology, existential 13:77 psychosomatic illness 13:140 punishment 13:221 Rank, Otto 13:314 Rapaport, David 13:326 Reich, Wilhelm 13:397 religion: anthropological study 13:400 religion: psychological study 13:419 religion, sociology of 13:409 religious specialists: sociological study 13:446 Roheim, Geza 13:544 socialization: anthropological aspects 14:545 socialization: psychological aspects 14:535 stress 15:341 suicide: psychological aspects (1) 15:389, 391 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:399 systems analysis, social 15:469 Wallas, Graham 16:443 Freudian Wish, The (Holt) 6:493 Freund, Alex Lewin, Kurt 9:267 Freund, K. homosexuality 14:224 Freytag, Gustave social history 6:457 Friars monasticism 10:418 Frick, Frederick C. information theory 7:333 Frictional unemployment employment and unemployment 5:54 welfare state 16:517, 518 Friedlander, Ludwig social history 6:457 Friedman, Maurice psychology, existential 13:80 Friedman, Milton consumption function 3:364 income distribution: size 7:150 inflation and deflation 7:291 laissez-faire 8:548
liquidity preference 9:398, 400 monetary policy 10:424 money: velocity of circulation 10:449 fol. Friedman analysis of variance ranking methods 11:199 Friedman-Kendall test nonparametric statistics 11:182 Friedmann, Frederick G. community development 3:170 Friedmann, Wolfgang integration, functional 7:537 Friedrich, Carl J. administration: administrative function 1:67 authority 1:474, 476 dictatorship 4:162 politics, comparative 12:332 public interest 13:172 responsibility 13:499 totalitarianism 16:107 FRIENDSHIP 6:12-17 affection 1:123 interaction: social exchange 7:452 natural rights 11:87 pseudo-kinship 8:408, 409 Fringe benefits collective bargaining 8:493 fringe benefits 16:424 reward systems in industry 7:247 Frisch, Ragnar demand and supply: econometric studies 4:107, 109 econometrics 4:351 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:128 statics and dynamics in economics 15:175 time series 16:55 utility 16:259 FROBENIUS, LEO 6:17-21 ethnology 5:180 Froebel, Friedrich educational psychology 4:534 Fromm, Erich mental health 10:218 national character 11:16 personality, political 12:16, 17 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:24
Front de Liberation Nationale North African society 1:132 Frontal lobe Broca, Paul 2:154 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:204 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:142, 145 Frontier Anglo-American society 1:292 Asian society 1:431 region 13:380 Turner, Frederick Jackson 16:168 Frosch, John character disorders 2:382 Frozen prices price control and rationing 12:468 Fruit fly : see Drosophila Frustration aggression 1:169 conflict: psychological aspects 3:221 culture and personality 3:562 homicide 3:493 hysteria 7:50 interviewing, therapeutic 8:173 millenarism 10:354 modernization: social aspects 10:392 motivation, human 10:518 prejudice 12:441 stress 15:339, 344 Frustration-aggression hypothesis aggression 1:169 groups 6:263 homicide 3:493 prejudice 12:441 stress 15:344 Full cost pricing: see Average cost pricing Full employment consumption function 3:358 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:421 employment and unemployment 5:49, 56 income and employment theory 7:122, 123, 129, 131 inflation and deflation 7:292 investment function, aggregate 8:185, 192
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.)
222
Fuller J.F.C.
Keynes, John Maynard 8:370 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:531, 532 liquidity preference 9:403, 404, 405, 407, 408 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:104 welfare state 16:518 Fuller, J. F. C. psychological warfare 13:46 Fuller, Richard C. social problems 14:454 Function (mathematical) causation 2:355 mathematics 10:66, 67 point estimation 5:148 Function of Law in the International Community, The (Lauterpacht) adjudication, international 1:54 FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS (structural analysis; functionalism) 6:2143 STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS 6:21-29 VARIETIES OF FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS 6:29-43
anthropology 1:306, 311, 312, 318, 320 anthropology, comparative method in 1:341 Cooley, Charles H. 3:379 culture 3:530, 535, 538 culture and personality 3:563 ethical systems and social structures 5:158 ethnology 5:181 geography, social 6:142 government 6:227 groups 6:262 information theory 7:335 integration, cultural 7:376 integration, functional 7:534, 537 integration, social 7:382 international organization 8:35 international relations 8:64 judicial behavior 8:310 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:461 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:541 norms 11:211, 212 Oceanian society 11:266
INDEX organizations: effectiveness 11:312 Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. 11:348 political science 12:294 privacy 12:482 religion: anthropological study 13:402 religious specialists: sociological study 13:445 Schutz, Alfred 14:72 science, sociology of 14:92 scientific explanation 14:120 Simmel, Georg 14:254 social change 14:367, 368 social class 15:297, 305 social institutions: comparative study 14:411, 424 social problems 14:456, 457 social structural analysis 14:489, 493
society 14:583 sociological thought 15:31, 32, 33 Spencer, Herbert 15:124 state 15:144 style 15:356 systems analysis 15:454 systems analysis, political 15:474, 477 systems analysis, psychological 15:487, 489 systems analysis, social 15:460 technology 15:585 theology, primitive 15:607 Thurnwald, Richard 16:21 typologies 16:181 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:372 war 16:468 Functional autonomy personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:4 Woodworth, Robert S. 16:563 Functional equations 10:68 Functional equivalents functional analysis 6:33, 39 Functional international integration 7:537 Functional prerequisites structural-functional analysis 6:24,
34
Functional psychology: see Functionalism, Psychological
Functional relation linear hypotheses: regression 9:311 Functional representation interest groups 7:491 Functional systems geography, cultural 6:133 Functionalism: see Functional analysis Functionalism, Psychological Angell, James R. 1:288 attitudes 1:465 James, William 8:229 McDougall, William 9:503 perception 11:528 personality 11:592 Rapaport, David 13:326 therapeutic community 10:211 verbal learning 9:161 Watson, John B. 16:485 Woodworth, Robert S. 16:561 Functions of the Executive, The (Barnard) 2:12 Fund raising philanthropy 12:77, 78 Fundamental Principles of the Sociology of Law (Ehrlich) 4:541 Fundamental sets survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:423 Fundamentalism Christianity 2:441 Funded debt debt, public 4:30 Funding banking, central 2:9 Funerals death, social organization of 4:27 Furnivall, John S. Asian society 1:430, 433, 435 ethnic groups 5:170 peasantry 11:506 Furth, Hans G. mental retardation 10:237 FUSTEL DE COULANGES, NUMA DENIS 6:43-44 Smith, William Robertson 14:330 Future of American Politics, The (Lubell) 8:219 Futures (commodities) speculation, hedging, and arbitrage 15:118, 119, 120
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
Garrison, William L.
INDEX
G GAF Study: see Growth of American Families Study GATT: see General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GMT correlation: see GoodmanMartinez-Thompson correlation GNP: see Gross national product GPS : see General Problem Solver GRU: see Glavnoe Razvedyvatel'noe Upravlenie GSR: see Galvanic skin response Gabor, D. information theory 7:331 Gahm, Ruthellen C. aesthetics 1:117 Gains from trade international trade 8:85, 86 Gaitskell, Hugh cooperatives 3:392 socialism 14:525 Gaitskell Plan disengagement 4:212 Galbraith, John Kenneth capitalism 2:297 Clark, John Maurice 2:510 public expenditures 13:163 welfare state 16:519 Gale, David economic equilibrium 4:385 GALIANI, FERDINANDO 6:45-47 utility 16:238 GALL, FRANZ JOSEPH 6:47-48 criminology 3:505 mental disorders: experimental study 10:167 Gallup Poll 13:189 GALTON, FRANCIS 6:48-53 Binet, Alfred 2:75 Cattell, James McKeen 2:345 creativity 3:445, 457 eugenics 5:193 Gauss, Carl Friedrich 6:78 genetics and behavior 6:100 language, psychology of 9:1 linear hypotheses: regression 9:311 multivariate analysis 10:527, 538, 545 Pearson, Karl 11:498, 499, 500
personality measurement: situational tests 12:49 statistical method, history of 15:226 statistics 15:219 statistics, descriptive 15:240 survey analysis 15:413 thinking 15:611 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:175 Galton Laboratory of National Eugenics: see Eugenics Laboratory (University of London) Galton-McAllister distributions: see Lognormal distributions Galvanic skin response personality measurement 12:35 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:190 GAMBLING 6:53-62 game theory: theoretical aspects 6:62 response sets 13:493 social control 14:386 utility 16:261 GAME THEORY 6:62-74 THEORETICAL ASPECTS 6:62-69 ECONOMIC APPLICATIONS 6:69-74
coalition formation 2:530 fol. coalitions 2:524 crisis 3:513 decision making: political aspects 4:55 decision making: psychological aspects 4:35 decision theory 4:62 deviant behavior 4:152 econometrics 4:357 economic equilibrium 4:379 gambling 6:56 Girshick, Meyer A. 6:192 government 6:227 interaction, social 7:436, 437 judicial behavior 8:312 negotiation 11:117, 119 oligopoly 11:287 power 12:413 programming 12:556 simulation: political processes 14:275 social psychology 14:471 social structure 14:488
223
von Neumann, John 16:385 Wald, Abraham 16:435 Games of chance gambling 6:56 statistical method, history of 15:225 Gaming, Political: see Political gaming Gamma coefficient statistics, descriptive 15:244 Gamma distributions 4:225 distributions, special discrete 4:219, 220
quality control, statistical: reliability and life testing 13:236 Gamma rays radiation 13:290 Gamson, William A. coalitions 2:526 Gandhi, Mohandas K. civil disobedience 2:478, 479 constitutional law: civil rights 3:313 Hinduism 6:365 identity, psychosocial 7:65 Indian political thought 7:177 international relations: ideological aspects 8:72 pacifism 11:354 Ganglion cells brain, structure and function of the 11:134 color vision and color blindness 16:331 Gangs collective behavior 2:561 delinquency 4:78, 82, 88, 93 friendship 6:14 Cans, Herbert class culture 15:336 Garcia Mora, Manuel R. international crimes 7:519 Garden city movement 2:453 Garenganze Kingdom 1:146 Garfmkel, Harold status, social 15:253 Garner, James W. state 15:154 Garner, Wendell R. information theory 7:335 Garrison, William L. geography, statistical 6:149
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
224
Gasprinski, Ismail Bey
Gasprinski, Ismail Bey pan movements 11:369 Gatch, Vera psychology, existential 13:80 Gate control theory of pain 11:362 Gathering food-producing revolution 4:246, 247 Old World prehistoric societies 7:9 see also Hunting and gathering GAUSS, CARL FRIEDRICH 6:74-81 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:25 linear hypotheses: regression 9:311 Pearson, Karl 11:499 point estimation 5:149 statistical method, history of 15:227 Gauss-Markov theorem linear hypotheses: regression 9:311 Gaussian distribution: see Normal distributions Gautama, Siddhartha: see Buddha Gavlin, N. L. mental disorders, treatment of: client-centered counseling 10:183 Geary, R. C. goodness of fit 6:205 GEDDES, PATRICK 6:81-83 Gee, Helen vocational interest testing 16:349 Geertz, Clifford economy, dual 4:497, 498, 499 ideology and the social system 7:76, 84 religion, sociology of 13:411 world view 16:579 GEIGER, THEODOR 6:83-85 Geipel, Robert geography, social 6:138 Geist interaction, social 7:431 society 14:580 Geistesgeschichte Burckhardt, Jacob 2:205 Geisteswissenschaften Dilthey, Wilhelm 4:185 Gelasius (pope) canon law 2:264 Gelb, Adhemar Wertheimer, Max 16:522 Gelfand, Michael religious specialists: anthropological study 13:441
INDEX Gemara canon law 2:267 Judaism 8:273 Gemeingefiihl Weber, Ernst Heinrich 16:493 Gemeinschaft Adler, Alfred 1:58 agriculture 1:209 community-society continua 3:175 family: comparative structure 5:305 individual psychology 7:215 neighborhood 11:121 society 14:581, 582 sociological thought 15:30 Tonnies, Ferdinand 16:100 Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft (Tonnies) 5:305; 16:99, 102 Gendlin, Eugene mental disorders, treatment of: client-centered counseling 10:181 Gene frequencies evolution, human 5:215 genetics, demography and population 6:106 genetics and race 6:108, 109, 112 see also Genes Genealogy descent groups 8:403 genetics, demography and population 6:107 Smith, William Robertson 14:333 General Act for Pacific Settlement international conflict resolution 7:509 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 8:130 fol. export subsidies and dumping 8:121, 123 quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:126 state trading 8:139 subsidies 15:366 General Arrangements to Borrow international monetary organization 8:23 General Assembly (U.N.) human rights 6:542 international legislation 7:552, 553, 558 international organization: financing 8:48
international organization: the process and the institutions 8:37 sanctions, international 14:7 trusteeship 16:160, 161 General death rate: see Crude death rate General equilibrium 4:376 Barone, Enrico 2:17 corporation income taxes 15:544 econometrics 4:351, 352, 354 firm, theory of the 5:459 Fisher, Irving 5:477 game theory: economic applications 6:71 Gervaise, Isaac 6:156 input-output analysis 7:345 interest 7:483 Lange, Oskar 8:582 Marshall, Alfred 10:26 profit 12:548, 549 socialist economic thought 4:452 spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:100 taxation 15:525 von Neumann, John 16:386 Walras, Leon 16:450, 451 "General Intelligence Objectively Determined and Measured" (Spearman) factor analysis 5:276 General paresis mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:194, 196 General problem solver problem solving 12:509 simulation: individual behavior 14:264, 265 General systems theory personality 11:599 systems analysis 15:452 General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, The (Keynes) 8:374 consumption function 3:359 fiscal policy 5:462 Hansen, Alvin 6:320 liquidity preference 9:394, 401 welfare state 16:518 GENERAL WILL 6:86-88 Bosanquet, Bernard 2:133 Durkheim, Emile 4:313 Green, T. H. 6:255
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
Geography in Relation to the Social Sciences
INDEX representational systems 13:466 Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:567 social contract 14:380 General Zionists Israel 11:108 Generalization problem solving 12:507 Generalized distributions distributions, mixtures of 4:240 Generalized other interaction, social 7:435 Mead, George Herbert 10:84, 86 Generated error computation 3:200 Generating functions distributions, mixtures of 4:237 distributions, special discrete 4:222 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:23 probability, formal 12:495 GENERATIONS 6:88-96 THE CONCEPT 6:88-92 POLITICAL GENERATIONS 6:92-96
cohort analysis 2:546 componential analysis 3:189 genetics, demography and population 6:103 life tables 9:297 periodization 11:584 social mobility 14:429, 433 social movements 14:441 socialization, political 14:555 voting 16:392 Genes evolution and behavior 5:234 genetics, demography and population 6:102 genetics and behavior 6:96 genetics and race 6:108 individual differences 7:200 mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:129, 131 see also Gene frequencies; Genetics Genetic drift evolution, human 5:215 genetics and race 6:112 Genetic psychology developmental psychology 4:136 Genetic Studies of Genius (Terman) 15:601
Genetical Theory of Natural Selection, The (Fisher) 5:486 Geneticism socialization: psychological aspects 14:535 GENETICS 6:96-113 GENETICS AND BEHAVIOR 6:96-102 DEMOGRAPHY AND POPULATION GENETICS 6:102-108 RACE AND GENETICS 6: 108-113
Boas, Franz 2:107 color vision and color blindness 16:335 culture history 6:454 ethology 5:187 eugenics 5:193, 194 evolution, human 5:215 evolution and behavior 5:234 fertility 5:380 Fisher, R. A. 5:485, 486 genetics, demography and population 6:102 genetics and race 6:108 Hankins, Frank H. 6:318 infant development 7:280 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:427 mental retardation 10:233 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:546 obesity 11:229 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:485 physical anthropology 12:87 psychiatry 12:611 psychology, constitutional 13:70 schizophrenia 14:46 sexual behavior, animal 14:196 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:214 social mobility 14:435 see also Genes Genetics and behavior 6:96 individual differences 7:200 mental disorders: biological aspects 10:144 mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:127 mental retardation 10:233 Geneva Convention (1949) international crimes 7:518 internment and custody 8:141 military law 10:316, 318
225
Genital stage Abraham, Karl 1:2 affection 1:122 Genius 3:457 art and society 5:444 creativity: social aspects 3:450 individual differences 7:204 Terman, Lewis M. 15:602 GENNEP, ARNOLD VAN 6:113-114 myth and symbol 10:576 pollution 12:340 ritual 13:521 Genocide international crimes 7:518 Genocide Convention (U.N. 1948) international crimes 7:518 Genossenschaftsrecht: see Associations, Theory of Genotype genetics and behavior 6:96 Genre de vie geography, social 6:136, 140 Geographical determinism: see Determinism, Geographical Geographical mobility delinquency: psychological aspects 4:89 feudalism 5:400 migration: economic aspects 10:293 migration: social aspects 10:287 modernization: social aspects 10:392 transportation 16:129 GEOGRAPHY 6:114-151 THE FIELD 6:114-116 POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY 6:116-123 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 6:123-129 CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY 6:129-134 SOCIAL GEOGRAPHY 6:134-145 STATISTICAL GEOGRAPHY 6:145-151
see also Cultural geography; Economic geography; Geopolitics; Historical geography; Political geography; Social geography; Statistical geography for classified list of articles on GEOGRAPHY see volume 17 page 91 Geography in Relation to the Social Sciences (Bowman) 2:137
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. J
226
INDEX
Geological Survey, U.S.
Geological Survey, U.S. conservation: political and social aspects 3:278 Geology evolution, primate 5:212 race 13:266 Geomagnetism Gauss, Carl Friedrich 6:79 Geometric distributions 4:220 Geometric mean geography, statistical 6:145 statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:233, 234 Geometry mathematics 10:72 Wald, Abraham 16:436 Geomorphology hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:9 Geopolitics geography, political 6:120 guerrilla warfare 7:503 Kjellen, Rudolf 8:414 Mackinder, Halford 9:516 see also Political geography GEORGE, HENRY 6:151-155 land reform 8:571 property taxes 15:549 Ricardo, David 13:570 George, Pierre geography, social 6:137 Georgopoulos, Basil S. medical care: social aspects 10:98 Gerard, Donald L. drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:295 Gerard, Harold B. social psychology 14:465, 467 Gerard, Ralph W. systems analysis 15:453 Gerland, G. Waitz, Theodor 16:433 German Democratic Republic: see Germany, East German School (economics): see Historical School German Union Federation labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:526, 530 Germany administrative law 1:83 aging 1:198 agriculture: history 1:220
agriculture: social organization 1:211 anti-Semitism 1:347 business cycles 2:231 capital movements, private international 8:28 capitalism 2:296 code law systems 9:215 communication, mass 3:51 communication, political 3:91 communism, national 3:113 comparative law and legal systems 9:206 constitutional law: civil liberties 3:311 corporation 3:398 crisis government 3:515 crude death rate 4:402 disengagement 4:211, 212, 213 economic growth 4:397 economic thought 4:441, 454, 460 electoral systems 5:8 employment and unemployment 5:50, 51 federalism 5:358 feudalism 5:397 geography 6:115 geography, cultural 6:129 government 6:220 gross national product per capita 4:403 homicide 3:490 identity, psychosocial 7:64 imperialism 7:104 income distribution: functional share 7:136 industrialization: economic aspects 7:254 international conflict resolution 7:512 international integration: economic unions 7:542 internment and custody 8:142 Judaism 8:275 jurisprudence 8:337 labor force 4:403 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8: 525, 526, 527, 528 landscape 8:577 manorial economy 9:564 migration: economic aspects 10:294, 296
militarism 10:300 music and society 10:569, 570, 571 national interest 11:39 national socialism 11:45 nationalism 11:66 nuptiality 11:225 obesity 11:228 pan movements 11:367 patents 11:462, 463, 469 personality measurement: situational tests 12:52 philanthropy 12:75 planning, social 12:127 political financing 12:238 population 12:345 price history 12:476 public law, comparative 13:185, 187 radicalism 13:297 refugees: world problems 13:363 religion, sociology of 13:407 religious observance 13:424 research and development, industrial 13:483 school enrollment 4:402 science-government relations 14:103 social research 15:40, 48 socialism 14:511, 520 systems analysis, international 15:481 tariffs and protectionism 8:114 totalitarianism 16:107 fol. universities 16:194, 196 welfare state 16:515 workmen's compensation 16:572 Germany, East area and population 12:377 communication, mass 3:73 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:144 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:152 elections 5:5 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:522 music and society 10:569 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:110, 114 refugees: world problems 13:363 Germany, West agriculture 1:237, 240, 253, 255
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Giddings, Franklin H.
area and population 12:377 balance of payments 8:7 communication, mass 3:73 constitution, 1949 3:515 constitutional law: civil liberties 3:311 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:324 crisis government 3:515 drug addiction: social aspects 4:300 economic growth 4:397, 402, 403 employment and unemployment 5:51, 53, 58 engineering 5:78 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:524 housing: economic aspects 6:522 income taxes, personal 15:532 fol. international conflict resolution 7:512 labor force: hours of work 8:488 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:526, 530 local government 9:453 migration: economic aspects 10:298 monetary reform 10:454 music and society 10:569 national wealth: estimation 11:58 oligopoly 11:284 parliamentary government 11:421 patents 11:465 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:102 political executive 12:229 political financing 12:238 population compositions 12:365, 367 refugees: world problems 13:363 sales and excise taxes 15:552 science-government relations 14:105 sex ratio 12:363 socialism 14:524 voting 16:387 wages 16:410, 411 Germany: Revolution and CounterRevolution (Engels) 5:66 Germinal (Zola) literature: political fiction 9:432 Gerrymandering apportionment 1:368
GERSON, JEAN DE 6:155-156 GKRVAISE, ISAAC 6:156-157 Gcschichte der sozialen Bewegung in Frankreich (Stein) 15:257 GESELL, ARNOLD L. 5:157-158 developmental psychology 4:138 Gesell, Silvio Fisher, Irving 5:480 Gesellschaft agriculture 1:209 community-society continua 3:175 family: comparative structure 5:305 Scheler, Max 14:41 society 14:581, 582 sociological thought 15:30 Tonnies, Ferdinand 16:100 Gesellschaft fur Anthropologie, Ethnologic und Urgeschichte 5:178 Gestalt Psychology (Kohler) 8:439 GESTALT THEORY 6:158-175 Angyal, Andras 1:303 Biihler, Karl 2:199 developmental psychology 4:139 educational psychology 4:535 Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:297 Koffka, Kurt 8:435, 436 Kohler, Wolfgang 8:438 Kiilpe, Oswald 8:467 learning theory 9:196 perception 11:531 perception, depth 11:542 perception, person 11:563 perceptual development 11:535 phenomenology 12:71 problem solving 12:506 rumor 13:579 social psychology 14:460 socialization: psychological aspects 14:536 Stern, William 15:264 systems analysis, psychological 15:486 thinking 15:611 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:616 Titchener, Edward B. 16:89 verbal learning 9:162 Wertheimer, Max 16:523, 526 Gestaltqualitaten gestalt theory 6:160
227
Gestapo totalitarianism 16:109 Gestures interaction, symbolic 7:444 Mead, George Herbert 10:84 Ghana (Gold Coast) anthropology, applied 1:326 family: comparative structure 5:309 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 government 6:226 literacy 9:413 neutralism and nonalignment 11:169 planning, social 12:127 socialism 14:529 sub-Saharan African society 1:151 Ghazali, al- 8:210, 211 Ghetto anti-Semitism 1:347 area 1:399 housing: social aspects 6:518 Ghiberti, Lorenzo art and society 5:441 Ghiselli, Edwin E. industrial and business psychology 7:227 Ghost dance acculturation 1:23 Mooney, James 10:479 nativism and revivalism 11:78 Spier, Leslie 15:130 Gibb, Cecil A. leadership: psychological aspects 9:94 Gibbon, Edward Spengler, Oswald 15:128 Gibbons evolution, human 5:218 evolution, primate 5:213 social behavior, primate 14:354 Gibrat distributions: see Lognormal distributions Gibson, Eleanor J. intellectual development 7:392 perceptual development 11:537 verbal learning 9:162 Gibson, James J. perception: illusions and aftereffects 11:550 GIDDINGS, FRANKLIN H. 6:175-177
TCAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. I
228
INDEX
Gieber, Walter
Gieber, Walter journalism 8:270 GIERKE, OTTO VON 6:177-181 canon law 2:264 Figgis, John Neville 5:425 law, sociology of 9:51 pluralism 12:166 political group analysis 12:242 GIFFEN, ROBERT 6:181-182 GIFFORD, EDWARD W. 6:183-184 Gift, The (Mauss) 10:80 Gift taxes 15:555 Gifts exchange and display 5:239 interaction: social exchange 7:453, 454 Mauss, Marcel 10:80 trade and markets 16:121 Gigantopithecus Weidenreich, Franz 16:503 Gilbert, C. E. budgeting 2:194 Gilbreth, Frank B. engineering 5:81 Gild socialism: see Guild socialism GILDS 6:184-187 art and society 5:441, 443 artists, recruitment and socialization of 5:448 Christianity 2:434 crafts 3:430, 433 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:434 medical personnel 10:115 socialism 14:515 syndicalism 15:451 voluntary associations 16:363 Gillespie, R. D. psychiatry, child 12:614 Gillispie, Charles C. science, sociology of 14:94, 95 GINI, CORRADO 6:187-191 income distribution: size 7:152 statistical method, history of 15:227 statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:239 variances, statistical study of 16:294 Gini index income distribution: size 7:152
Gini's mean difference statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:239 variances, statistical study of 16:294 Ginzberg, Asher: see Achad Haam Giolitti, Giovanni fascism 5:335 Giotto di Bondone art and society 5:441 Giraud-Teulon, A. Bachofen, Johann Jakob 1:494 Giro banking 1:514 GIRSHICK, MEYER A. 6:191-193 Gisu marriage: comparative analysis 10:10
Gita: see Bhagavad Gita Gitelson, Maxwell character disorders 2:380 Giurgea, C. nervous system: brain stimulation 11:153 Gjessing, L. mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:197 Gladwin, Harold S. archeology 1:387 Glaucoma visual defects 16:339 Glavnoe Razvedyvatel'noe Upravlenie intelligence, political and military 7:417 Glazer, Nathan field work 5:422 Click, Paul family 5:316 Gliddon, George R. Waitz, Theodor 16:433 Glorious Revolution constitutions and constitutionalism 3:322 Glossopharyngeal nerve nervous system: structure and function of the brain "11:136 Glottochronology culture history 6:453 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:456 linguistics, historical 9:376 Gluckman, Max conflict: anthropological aspects 3:238, 239
feud 5:390 judicial process: comparative aspects 8:293, 295 ritual 13:525 Glueck, Bernard crime, causes of 3:473 Glueck, Eleanor delinquency: psychological aspects 4:87, 88 Glueck, Sheldon delinquency: psychological aspects 4:87, 88 Gneist, Rudolf von Hobbes, Thomas 6:481 Gnosticism Christianity 2:429 Goal displacement organizational goals 11:309 Goal gradient learning 9:116 problem solving 12:507 Goals administration 1:78 business management 2:250 cohesion, social 2:544 collective bargaining 1:492 conflict: psychological aspects 3:222 drives, acquired 4:283 empires 5:47 field theory 5:406, 407 individual psychology 7:214, 217 instinct 7:365 international politics 8:54, 55 labor movement, theories of the 8:521 leadership: political aspects 9:109 learning 9:116 local politics 9:460 mental disorders, treatment of: psychological treatment 10:174 Michels, Robert 10:268 organizational goals 11:305 organizations 11:301 personality 11:592 personality development 11:610 political theory 12:313, 318 propaganda 12:583 role: sociological aspects 13:555 self concept 14:151 social class 15:306 social institutions 14:415, 417 sociological thought 15:28
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Goodness of fit
sociology of work 7:234 South American society 15:70 totalitarianism 16:111 utilitarianism 16:229 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:369 GOBINEAU, JOSEPH ARTHUR DE 6:193-194 Waitz, Theodor 16:433 Gochman, David S. systems analysis, psychological 15:492 God analytical psychology 1:279, 280 Christianity 2:427, 428 Hinduism 6:359 Islam 8:205, 210 Judaism 8:274 Locke, John 9:466, 468 natural law 11:82, 83 Smith, William Robertson 14:332 theology, primitive 15:605, 607 world view 16:577 God-worshipers Chinese society 2:414 Goddard, Henry H. clinical psychology 2:514 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:86 Godel, Kurt mathematics 10:74 Godlund, Sven geography, social 6:138 Godwin, William anarchism 1:283 civil disobedience 2:478 pacifism 11:354 radicalism 13:297 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:345 Miiller, Johannes 10:526 Spengler, Oswald 15:128 suicide: social aspects 15:375 Goffman, Erving interaction, social 7:436 Gohre, Paul social research 15:49 GOKALP, ZIYA 6:194-196 pan movements 11:370 Gokhale, G. K. Indian political thought 7:177 Gold balance of payments 8:2 fol.
mercantilism 4:436 money: quantity theory 10:436, 442 price history 12:474, 475, 476 Ricardo, David 13:509 Gold bullion standard international monetary organization 8:17 Gold Coast: see Ghana Gold exchange standard exchange rates 8:14 international monetary organization 8:18, 24 Gold Reserve Act (U.S. 1934) international monetary organizations 8:17 Gold standard balance of payments 8:1, 8 banking, central 2:3, 4, 7 exchange rates 8:14 Fisher, Irving 5:480 industrialization: economic aspects 7:260 international monetary organization 8:16, 18 Keynes, John Maynard 8:372 monetary policy 10:421 money 10:427 money: quantity theory 10:436 Pigou, Arthur Cecil 12:94 price history 12:475 Ricardo, David 13:509 Golden Bough, The (Frazer) 5:551 kingship 8:386 Golden growth equilibrium economic growth: mathematical theory 4:418, 420 interest 7:480 Golden mean: see Mean (Golden mean) GOLDENWEISER, ALEXANDER A. 6:196-197 anthropology 1:310 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:460 Goldhamer, Herbert occupations and careers 11:251 Golding, William literature: political fiction 9:432, 438 Goldscheid, Rudolf public expenditures 13:163 Goldschmidt, Walter evolution, cultural 5:227
229
modern society, anthropological studies of 1:332 Goldsmiths banking 1:513, 514 GOLDSTEIN, KURT 6:197-199 Husserl, Edmund 7:30 mental disorders: experimental study 10:165 mental disorders: organic aspects 10:136 Wertheimer, Max 16:522 Gompers, Samuel labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:524 Gonadectomy sexual behavior, animal 14:197 Good and Bad Trade (Hawtrey) 6:328 Good offices international conflict resolution 7:508 Goodacre, Daniel M. sociometry 15:54 Goodall, Jane social behavior, animal 14:348 Goode, Richard B. 15:537 Goode, William J. family: disorganization and dissolution 5:313, 317 illegitimacy 7:88 marriage: family formation 10:2 Goodenough, Ward H. componential analysis 3:186 culture 3:537 Goodman, Leo A. counted data 3:425 goodness of fit 6:203 statistics, descriptive 15:244, 245 Goodman-Martinez-Thompson correlation urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:214 GOODNESS OF FIT 6:199-207 counted data 3:418, 424 distributions, approximations to 4:234 factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:278 linear hypotheses: regression 9:321 nonparametric statistics 11:180 scaling 14:30
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
230
Goodnoiu, Frank ].
significance, tests of 14:243 statistical method, history of 15:228 statistics 15:215 GOODNOW, FRANK J. 6:207-209 public administration 13:147 public law 13:176 Goodnow, J. J. concept formation 3:210 Goodrich, Anne humor 7:6 Goodrich, D. Wells humor 7:6 Goody, Jack R. family: comparative structure 5:310 ritual 13:525 Gordon, C. Wayne voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:366 Gordon, John E. epidemiology 5:99 health 6:331 Gordon, Milton M. assimilation 1:438 Gorer, Geoffrey national character 11:17 Gorillas evolution, human 5:218, 219 social behavior, animal 14:349 Gorman, William M. aggregation 1:165 Gorter, Herman socialism 14:517 Gosbank communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:150 Gosplan communism, economic organization of 3:133 fol. GOSSEN, HERMANN HEINRICH 6:209-210 Lexis, Wilhelm 9:274 utility 16:239, 244, 249 Walras, Leon 16:449 Gossen's laws 6:209 GOSSET, WILLIAM SEALY 6:211214 distributions, special continuous 4:226 multivariate analysis 10:527 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:548
INDEX random numbers 13:309 statistical method, history of 15:228 Gotha Programme socialism 14:508 Gothic style architecture 1:394 Gough, E. Kathleen marriage: comparative analysis 10:10 Gough, Harrison G. personality inventories 12:38 Gough, Philip B. learning theory 9:195 Gouldner, Alvin W. integration, social 7:383 Gourou, Pierre geography, social 6:137 Gove, Philip reference materials and books 7:323 GOVERNMENT 6:214-230 access to politics 1:10 Acton, J. E. E. D. 1:42 adjudication 1:43 administrative function 1:62 fol. administrative process 1:68 aging: economic aspects 1:200 authority 1:475 autocracy 1:478 Bagehot, Walter 1:501 Bentley, Arthur F. 2:58 Brecht, Arnold 2:147 Bryce, James 2:160 budgeting, government 2:184 bureaucracy 2:206 Burke. Edmund 2:223 Calvin. John 2:258 capitalism 2:298 centralization and decentralization 2:370 Chinese political thought 2:397 fol. civil service 2:495 collective bargaining 8:491 communication, mass : control and public policy 3:55 communism, national 3:112 communism, Soviet 3:106 conflict of interest 3:242 conservation: economic aspects 3:284 constitutional law 3:295
constitutional law: civil liberties 3:307 constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:301 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:318 credit, agricultural 3:467 credit, government 3:461 crisis government 3:514 debt, public 4:28 democracy 4:112 development banks 4:133 dictatorship 4:161 discrimination, economic 4:209 economic growth 4:400 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:429 economic warfare 4:467 economics 4:485 elections 5:5 empires 5:41 falangism 5:288 fascism 5:336 federalism 5:353 foreign aid: political aspects 5:513 foreign policy 5:531 general will 6:86 government statistics 6:230 Hamilton, Alexander 6:313 Harrington. James 6:323 Hobbes, Thomas 6:484 hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:24 integration, regional 7:525 intellectuals 7:413 interest groups 7:486 international relations 8:66 investment decision 8:197, 200 investment function, aggregate 8:189 Islamic countries 11:97, 100 Israel 11:113 Keynes, John Maynard 8:372 kingship 8:388 labor force 8:470 labor relations: developing countries 8:515 land: economic aspects 8:555 Latin American political movements 9:39 law, sociology of 9:55 legitimacy 9:244
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Government ownership
literature: political fiction 9:438 lobbying 9:441 Locke, John 9:467 Mcllwain, Charles H. 9:512 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:509 Madison, James 9:519 majority rule 9:537 medical care: economic aspects 10:101, 104, 105 Mercier de la Riviere 10:248 Middle American society 10:281, 283 Mill, John Stuart 10:341, 343, 346 monarchy 10:412 monetary policy 10:421 Montesquieu 10:471 Mosca, Gaetano 10:504 nation 11:8 national income and product accounts 11:23, 28, 30 national security 11:40 national wealth: distribution 11:59-60 national wealth: estimation 11:55 nationalization 11: 70 natural rights 11:88, 89 office, misuse of 11:272 oligarchy 11:281 organizations 11:300 parliamentary government 11:419 planning, development 12:119, 123 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:111 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:102 planning, welfare 12:148 plantations 12:158 pluralism 12:164 police 12:175 political executive 12:228 political machines 12:248 political opinion 13:199 political organization 12:194 political science 12:283 political theory 12:312, 314 politics, comparative 12:331 presidential government 12:451 productivity 12:533 public administration 13:145 public interest 13:173 public law 13:175 public opinion 13:192
regional science 13:387 representation 13:463 representational systems 13:469 research and development: financing social research 13:488, 489, 490 responsibility 13:497 fol. Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:568 science, sociology of 14:95 science-government relations 14:100 Simons, Henry C. 14:260 Smith, Adam 14:328 social contract 14:377 social work 14:498 socialism 14:518, 523 socialization, political 14:557 societies, small 14:575 sovereignty 15:77 state 15:144, 150 state trading 8:136 stratification, social 15:328 systems analysis, social 15:464 taxation 15:521 totalitarianism 16:112 vital statistics 16:340 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:375 wages 16:405, 407 see also Political systems; State Government, Comparative: see Comparative government Government, Crisis: see Crisis government Government, Local: see Local government Government, Parliamentary: see Parliamentary government Government, Presidential: see Presidential government Government budgeting 2:184 communism, economic organization of 3:134, 146 credit, government 3:464 economic thought: institutional school 4:466 economics of defense 4:485 fiscal policy 5:460 fol. international organization: financing 8:47 legislation 9:227 military policy 10:323
231
organizational intelligence 11:321 planning, development 12:124 price control and rationing 12:467 public expenditures 13:156, 161 Government commissions: see Commissions, Government Government credit 3:461 agriculture: price and income policies 1; 252 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 Government intervention agriculture: price and income policies 1:250 Bastiat, Frederic 2:25 consumer sovereignty 3:330, 333 economic thought: mercantilism 4:439 fol. external economies and diseconomies 5:271 financial intermediaries 5:434, 436 industrial disputes, settlement of 8:506, 509 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:529 labor relations: developing countries 8:516 laissez-faire 8:546 monopoly 10:462 nationalization 11:70 population policies 12:382 fol. price control and rationing 12:464 Siegfried, Andre 14:236 Simons, Henry C. 14:260 Smith, Adam 14:328 socialism 14:519 Steuart, James Denham 15:265 subsidies 15:363 fol. transportation: economic aspects 16:134 transportation: social aspects 16:132 Usher, Abbott P. 16:223 von Mises, Ludwig 16:380 wage and hour legislation 16:418, 419 Wagner, Adolf 16:430 welfare state 16:515 see also Regulation of industry Government of Ireland Act (1920) electoral systems 5:16 Government ownership: see Nationalization
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"] |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
232
INDEX
Government statistics
GOVERNMENT STATISTICS 6:230240 Bertillon, Jacques 2:70 Bowley, Arthur Lyon 2:135 census 2:360 economic data 4:365 Giffen, Robert 6:182 King, George 8:385 migration: economic aspects 10:295 Pearson, Karl 11:499 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:108 statistics 15:222 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:84 Willcox, Walter F. 16:554 see also Economic data; Official statistics Goya, Francisco Jose de art and society 5:445 Grabbe, Paul organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:315 Grade norms psychometrics 13:109 Graduated deterrence 4:132 GRAEBNER, FRITZ 6:240-241 anthropology 1:310 diffusion, cultural 4:169, 171 Frobenius, Leo 6:18 Graham, Frank D. international trade: mathematical theory 8:96 Grain communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:140 famine 5:323, 325 Gram-Charlier curves distributions, approximations to 4:233 Grammar anthropology 1:312 Bloomfield, Leonard 2:96 language, psychology of 9:7 language development 9:11 linguistics 9:352 linguistics, historical 9:372 Saussure, Ferdinand de 14:20 semantics and semiotics 14:168 speech community 9:381 Gramsci, Antonio Marxist sociology 10:50
Grand jury judicial administration 8:300 Grande Enquete social research, early history of 15:38 GRANET, MARCEL 6:241-243 Grants foreign aid: economic aspects 5:521, 522, 526 foreign aid: political aspects 5:516 local finance 9:449 Grapes of Wrath, The (Steinbeck) 6:497 GRAPHIC PRESENTATION 6:243252 fallacies, statistical 5:297 geography, political 6:119 mathematics 10:71 quantal response 13:238, 240 scaling 14:30 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:182, 189 statistics 15:210 Graphs, Theory of geography, statistical 6:149 mathematics 10:71 GRAS, N. S. B. 6:252-253 business history 6:475 Grastyan, A. learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:157 Gratian canon law 2:263, 264, 265 Gratiolet, Pierre Broca. Paul 2:154 GRAUNT, JOHN 6:253-255 population: the field of demography 12:343 social research, early history of 15:36 statistical method, history of 15:226 survey analysis 15:412 Siissmilch, Johann Peter 15:436 vital statistics 16:341 Gravity models geography, statistical 6:148 Gray, John socialist economic thought 4:448 Gray, John Chipman adjudication, domestic 1:45
Gray matter nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:134, 141 Grazing land: classification 8:560 Great Basin culture area hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:17 Indians, North American 7:188 Great Britain accounting 1:20 adjudication 1:46 administrative law 1:81, 82, 83 aging 1:198, 201 agricultural tenancy 8:568 agriculture 1:250 Anglo-American society 1:289, 293 anthropology 1:326 anti-Semitism 1:347 area studies 1:401 assimilation 1:439 Austin, John 1:471 banking 1:516 banking, central 2:3 Bentham, Jeremy 2:55 budgeting 2:193, 195 Burke, Edmund 2:221 business cycles 2:231 capital punishment 2:291, 292 capitalism 2:294, 296 centralization and decentralization 2:375 Christianity 2:439 city 2:463, 464 civil disobedience 2:479 civil-military relations 2:492 civil service 2:495, 496, 497, 499 clinical psychology 2:516 colonialism: economic aspects 3:9, 10 colonialism: political aspects 3:2,4 commissions, government 3:13 communication, mass 3:44, 50, 56, 65, 71 conservation: economic aspects 3:280 constitutional law 3:296 constitutional law: civil liberties 3:311
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
Greece, ancient
INDEX constitutions and constitutionalism 3:322 consumption levels and standards 3:340 cooperatives 3:391 crime: homicide 3:490 crime: offense patterns 3:483 culture 3:528 death and bereavement 4:22 debt, public 4:29 delegation of powers 4:72 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:86 Dicey, Albert Venn 4:159 drug addiction: social aspects 4:300, 303 economic growth 4:397 economic thought 4:437, 440, 442, 447, 448, 452, 459 educational organization 4:529 elections, functions of 5:6 electoral systems 5:8, 16, 17 employment and unemployment 5:53 engineering 5:73, 78 engineering psychology 5:82 environmentalism 5:94 evolution 5:209 family: comparative structure 5:311 federalism 5:364 fiscal policy, wartime 5:473 foreign policy 5:530 gambling 6:60 government 6:221, 224 government statistics 6:230, 232 Hammond, J. L. and Barbara 6:317 historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:424 imperialism 7:101 income distribution: size 7:149 income taxes, personal 15:529 fol. industrialization: economic aspects 7:253, 256, 258, 259, 260 intelligence, political and military 7:417 internal trade 7:494, 495 international integration: economic unions 7:542, 545 journalism 8:270 jurisprudence 8:336 labor force 8:472
labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:523 fol. laissez-faire 8:546 land: classification 8:557 law: the legal profession 9:70 leadership: political aspects 9:109 legal systems 9:209, 216 legislation 9:228 legislatures 9:233 local government 9:454 majority rule 9: 538 military policy 10:324 military psychology 10:335 millenarism 10:356 nation 11:10, 12 national security 11:43 national wealth: distribution 11:62 nationalization 11:72 nuptiality 11:225 office, misuse of 11:273, 274 organizational intelligence 11:330 Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. 11:348, 350 parliamentary government 11:420, 424 parties, political 11:440 patents 11:463, 469 philanthropy 12:75 planning, welfare 12:143 political executive 12:229 political financing 12:239 political group analysis 12:242 poverty 12:403 presidential government 12:455 privacy 12:484 probation and parole 11:519 psychiatry, social 12:624 public health 13:167 public relations 13:209 race relations: world perspectives 13:271, 276 radicalism 13:297 reference materials and books 7:319 religious observance 13:423, 424, 425, 426 representational behavior 13:474 responsibility 13:499 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:204 social mobilitv 14:433
233
social research, early history of 15:41 socialism 14:513, 521, 525 South Asia 1:429, 432 sovereignty 15:77, 80 Stamp, Josiah Charles 15:142 syndicalism 15:450 tariffs and protectionism 8:114 taxation 15:523 technical assistance 15:566 trade agreements 8:130 universities 16:195 utilitarianism 16:232 wage and hour legislation 16:419, 420 workmen's compensation 16:572, 575 Zionism 16:596 see also United Kingdom Great leap forward Chinese society 2:419 economic data: mainland China 4:373, 375 Great man theory Burckhardt, Jacob 2:204 creath.iy 3:457 Great Plains hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:18 Great Soviet Encyclopedia: see Bol'shaia sovetskaia entsiklopediia Great tradition-little tradition culture 3:536 Redfield, Robert 13:352 South Asia 1:414 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:220 world view 16:577, 578 Greece containment 3:369 limited war 9:304 literacy 9:413, 414 monasticism 10:417 monetary reform 10:456 population composition 12:367 refugees: world problems 13:362 sales and excise taxes 15:552 Greece, ancient adjudication 1:50 anthropology 1:308 architecture 1:392, 394 art and society 5:440
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
234
INDEX
Greek Orthodox Church
capital punishment 2:290 Christianity 2:427 constitutional law: civil liberties 3:308 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:320 death and bereavement 4:21 democracy 4:115 drama 4:256 economic thought 4:430 education 4:533 elections 5:3 federalism 5:354, 361 Fustel de Coulanges, Numa Denis 6:43 interest 7:473 jurisprudence 8:332 legal profession 9:67 loyalty 9:484 majority rule 9:536 mathematics 10:65 monarchy 10:412 Myres, John Linton 10:575 office, misuse of 11:273 oligarchy 11:281 Plato 12:160 political theory 12:310, 319 population theories 12:350 propaganda 12:580, 582 public health 13:165 social class 15:296 social contract 14:377 style 15:356 time: social organization 16:35 utility 16:237 Greek Orthodox Church religious organization 13:430, 436 Green, Bert F., Jr. latent structure 9:35 GREEN, T. H. 6:255-256 Bosanquet, Bernard 2:132 general will 6:86 Lindsay, A. D. 9:307 public interest 13:171 Greenland Indians, North American 7:182 Greenspoon, Joel social psychology 14:471 Greenwood, Major distributions, mixtures of 4:237 Yule, G. Udny 16:590 Gregorian calendar time: social organization 16:37
time series: seasonal adjustment 16:81 Gregory X (pope) canon law 2:265 Grief death 4:22, 24 sympathy and empathy 15:442 Grievances collective bargaining 8:494 Grigg, Charles consensus 3:268 rules of the game 13:572 Griliches, Zvi innovation 7:342 Grimm, Jakob anthropology 1:309 Burckhardt, Jacob 2:204 Grinker, Roy R. stress 15:340 Griswold v. Connecticut privacy 12:484, 486 Groddeck, Georg psychosomatic illness 13:141 Groot, Huig de: see Grotius, Hugo Gross national product communism, economic organization of 3:137 economic growth 4:402, 403, 404 engineering 5:71, 72, 74 housing: economic aspects 6:522 income and employment theory 7:123 national income and product accounts 11:25 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:427, 435 productivity 12:525 Gross reproduction rate fertility 5:372 GROTIUS, HUGO 6:256-259 Vattel, Emer de 16:302 war 16:453 Group analysis, Political: see Political group analysis Group behavior 6:265 access to politics 1:10, 14 civil war 7:501 cohesion, social 2:543 communication 3:27 conformity 3:253 economy and society 4:502 group formation 6:278
human relations in industry 7:241, 242 interaction and personality 7:458 interaction process analysis 7:466 Lewin, Kurt 9:268, 269 psychiatry, social 12:627 psychotherapy, group 10:185 representation 13:462 sociology of work 7:232, 233 Group dynamics field theory 5:412 Lewin, Kurt 9:268 Group psychotherapy 10:185 Group screening screening and selection 14:126 Grouped observations 15:193 distributions, approximations to 4:231 statistics 15:216, 221 statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:234 Grouping (statistics) clustering 2:519 multivariate analysis: classification and discrimination 10:553 GROUPS 6:259-293 THE STUDY OF GROUPS 6:259-265 GROUP BEHAVIOR 6:265-276 GROUP FORMATION 6:276-283 ROLE STRUCTURE 6:283-288 GROUP PERFORMANCE 6:288-293
access to politics 1:11 administration 1:70 age differentiation 1:159 aging 1:191 Allport, Floyd H. 1:272 Bentley, Arthur F. 2:60 caste 2:334 coalitions 2:524 cohesion, social 2:542 collective behavior 2:560 communication, mass 3:83 conferences 3:215, 217 conflict: social aspects 3:233 conformity 3:254, 258 Cooley, Charles H. 3:380 cooperation 3:388 cross pressure 3:520 cross-section analysis 3:525 delinquency 4:79 descent groups 8:403 ethnic groups 5:168
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
Guilt
INDEX ethnomedicine 10:91 functional analysis 6:35 generations, political 6:92 geography, social 6:137, 139, 140 Giddings, Franklin H. 6:176 government 6:227 Gumplowicz, Ludwig 6:293 honor 6:506 human relations in industry 7:242 identification, political 7:57 imperialism 7:107 interaction, social 7:436 interaction and personality 7:458, 462 interaction process analysis 7:467 interest groups 7:486 internment and custody 8:146 interpersonal influence 4:182 Islamic countries 11:93 Japanese society 8:245 labor relations: developing countries 8:515 land tenure 8:564 leadership: psychological aspects 9:91 fol. Le Bon, Gustave 9:83 legislative behavior 9:240 loyalty 9:485 magic 9:525 Mannheim, Karl 9:558 mass phenomena 10:55, 57 minorities 10:365 moral development 10:487 national interest 11:37 neighborhood 11:121 Oceanian society 11:262 organizations 11:303 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:316 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:414 perception, social 11:574 pluralism 12:164 political anthropology 12:193 political behavior 12:207 political group analysis 12:241 political organization 12:194 political science 12:290, 291 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:249, 253 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:281 rank-size relations 13:323 reason analysis 13:339 reference groups 13:353
region 13:379 religion, sociology of 13:412 reward systems in industry 7:250 role: sociological aspects 13:553 Sapir, Edward 14:11 self concept 14:155, 157 Simmel, Georg 14:254, 257 Small, Albion W. 14:321 Smith, William Robertson 14:331, 333 social behavior, animal 14:345 social behavior, primate 14:352 social class 15:297, 302 social differentiation 14:406 fol. social institutions 14:410 social movements 14:439, 449 social psychology 14:464 social structure 14:485, 489 society 14:585 sociological thought 15:26, 31 sociology of work 7:232 sociometry 15:53 speech community 9:384 stereotypes 15:260 stratification, social 15:330 Tarde, Gabriel 15:511 Thematic Apperception Test 12:576 Thomas, W. I. 16:3 Tonnies, Ferdinand 16:99 voting 16:392 war 16:469 Weber, Max 16:498 see also Group behavior; Primary groups: Secondary groups; and headings beginning Group— Groups, Corporate: see Corporate groups Groups, Interest: see Interest groups Groups, Reference: see Reference groups Groups, Small: see Small groups Groups, Theory of mathematics 10:71, 74, 75 Growth, Economic: see Economic growth Growth curve diffusion of innovations 4:174 Growth of American Families Study fertility control 5:384 Growth of Philosophic Radicalism, The (Halevy) 6:308 Growth of the Mind, The (Koffka) 8:436
235
Grundherr feudalism 5:395 Grundzuge der Psychologie (Ebbinghaus) 4:327 Guaranteed annual wage collective bargaining 8:497 Guardianship psychiatry, forensic 12:630 Guatemala caudillismo 2:348 community-society continua 3:177 food: world problems 5:506 literacy 9:413 Middle American society 10:274, 277, 279, 281 paternalism 11:473 Guerard, Albert L. creativity 3:442 Guerard, Benjamin manorial economy 9:562 Guerrilla warfare 7:503, 499 military law 10:318 Guerry, Andre M. social research 15:46 Guetzkow, Harold international relations 8:64 systems analysis, international 15:483 Guidance: see Counseling psychology; Vocational interest testing Guild socialism Cole, G. D. H. 2:555 socialist economic thought 4:448, 449 Guilds: see Gilds Guilford, Joy P. creativity 3:437 factor analysis: psychological applications 5:285 personality inventories 12:38 thinking 15:613 Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey personality inventories 12:38 traits 16:126 Guillard, Achille Benini, Rodolfo 2:52 Guilt Angyal, Andras 1:303 brainwashing 2:140, 141 gambling 6:57 Klein, Melanie 8:417
| CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. •s.J
236
Guin, Wyman
learning in children 9:181 life cycle 9:289 moral development 10:483, 485, 492, 493 personality development 11:612 psychiatry, forensic 12:629 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:8 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:17 punishment 13:218 religious observance 13:425, 426, 427 Guin, Wyman social science fiction 14:479 Guinea foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 Guinea pigs sexual behavior, animal 14:195, 197 Guiteras-Holmes, Calixta world view 16:578 Gukansho historiography. Japanese 6:416 Gulliver, Philip H. age differentiation 1:158 anthropology 1:327 judicial process: comparative aspects 8:295 GUMPLOWICZ, LUDWIG 6:293-295 Ferguson, Adam 5:369 Oppenheimer, Franz 11:295 Small, Albion W. 14:321 Gupta, Shanti S. screening and selection 14:126 Gurvitch, Georges Halbwachs, Maurice 6:305 typologies 16:183 Gusfield, Joseph drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:271 Guterman, Norbert communication, mass 3:46 GUTHRIE, EDWIN R. 6:296-302 behavior therapy 10:190 reinforcement 9:136 Gutsherrschaften manorial economy 9:565 Gwari magic 9:525 Gymnasiums universities 16:193
INDEX Gynecocentricism Ward, Lester F. 16:475 Gypsies Norway 15:410
H HSPQ: see High School Personality Questionnaire Haas, Ernst B. integration, functional 7:539 international relations 8:64 Haavelmo, Trygve demand and supply: econometric studies 4:108 Habakkuk, H. J. innovation 7:342 Habit aging 1:182 Boas, Franz 2:102 Hull, Clark L. 6:536 James, William 8:229 Habit family hierarchy learning 9:116 problem solving 12:507 Habituation ethology 5:192 learning in children 9:178 Haciendas agriculture 1:225 Middle American society 10:276 H ADDON, ALFRED CORT 6:303-304 Oceanian society 11:265 Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 13:285 Hadith Islam 8:204, 207 Snouck Hurgronje, Christiaan 14:340 Haeckel, Ernst Bastian, Adolf 2:23 Darwin, Charles 4:12 Haganah Israel 11:113 Zionism 16:596 Hagen, Everett E. national character 11:16 Hagenah, Theda vocational interest testing 16:348 Hagerstrand, Torsten geography, social 6:138 geography, statistical 6:149
Hagerstrbm, Axel Ehrlich, Eugen 4:541 Haggett, Peter geography, statistical 6:149 Hagiography historiography, African 6:396 Hagood, M. D. geography, statistical 6:148 Hague Peace Conference (1899) adjudication, international 1:50 disarmament 4:197 international conflict resolution 7:508 military law 10:318 Hague Peace Conference (1907) adjudication, international 1:50 international legislation 7:554 military law 10:316, 318 Haida Indians 7:184, 185 Haight, Frank A. rank-size relations 13:322 Hailey, Malcolm anthropology 1:326 Hain, Jack D. conformity 3:256 Haines, Charles Grove judicial behavior 8:308 public law 13:176 Haire, Mason consumer research 9:572 Haiti Caribbean society 2:306, 312 literacy 9:413 Metraux, Alfred 10:263 Halachah Judaism 8:273, 274,279 HALBWACHS, MAURICE 6:304-306 suicide: psychological aspects 15:389 suicide: social aspects 15:377, 379, 381 HALE, HORATIO 6:306-307 Hale, Matthew adjudication, domestic 1:44 HALEVY, ELIE 6:307-310 utilitarianism 16:230 Wallas, Graham 16:441 Half-drill strip method (experimental design) Cosset, William Sealy 6:213 Hall, Calvin S. dreams 4:262
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
Harrison Act
INDEX Hall, D. G. E. historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:426 HALL, G. STANLEY 6:310-313 adolescence 1:84, 87 aging 1:177 developmental psychology 4:137 genetics and behavior 6:96 psychiatry, child 12:615 Terman, Lewis M. 15:603 Woodworth, Robert S. 16:561 Hall, John W. feudalism 5:399 Halley, Edmund social research, early history of 15:37 Halliday, M. A. K. linguistics 9:358 Hallowell, A. Irving acculturation 1:24 culture 3:528 food: consumption patterns 5:512 Hallucinations perceptual deprivation 11:552 schizophrenia 14:45 Hallucinogens drug addiction: social aspects 4:303 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:201 Halperin, Max linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:339 Hamerton, Philip Gilbert landscape 8:576 HAMILTON, ALEXANDER 6:313315 constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:303 Madison, James 9:520 Hamilton, Earl J. inflation and deflation 7:298 HAMILTON, WALTON H. 6:315316 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:367 Hamites Seligman, C. G. 14:161 Hammarskjold, Dag 8:38 HAMMOND, J. L. AND BARBARA 6:316-317 Hammurabi, Code of capital punishment 2:290
Han dynasty Chinese political thought 2:403 Chinese society 2:410 historiography, Chinese 6:400 Han Fei Tzu Chinese political thought 2:402 Han Yii Chinese political thought 2:404 Hanawa Hokiichi historiography, Japanese 6:417 Hand, Learned judicial discretion 8:321 Handicapped vocational rehabilitation 16:351 Handlin, Oscar historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:382 Hamf Islam 8:205 HANKINS, FRANK H. 6:317-319 Hansel, C. E. M. parapsychology 11:397 HANSEN, ALVIN 6:319-323 stagnation 15:139 welfare state 16:518 Hansen, Bent planning, economic: Western Europe 12:106 Hansen, Morris H. sample surveys 13:596 Hansen's disease: see Leprosy Haplology culture history 6:449 Happiness Bentham, Jeremy 2:55 Le Play, Frederic 9:85 Mill, John Stuart 10:342 natural rights 11:86 personality development 11:609 Ward, Lester F. 16:474 Harberger, Arnold C. corporation income taxes 15:540, 544 inflation and deflation 7:296 sales and excise taxes 15:554 Harbison, E. Harris historiography: the rhetoric of history 6: 386 Harbison, Frederick human relations in industry 7:242 Hard loans foreign aid: economic aspects 5:526
237
Hardcastle, D. N. psychiatry, child 12:619 Harding, John attitudes 1:450 Hardy-Weinberg law genetics, demography and population 6:103, 104 Hare, A. Paul interaction process analysis 7:465, 466 Hare, Thomas electoral systems 5:15, 16 Harlow, Harry F. affection 1:123, 124 aggression 1:170 instrumental learning 9:131 learning 9:118 mental disorders: experimental study 10:166 mental disorders: organic aspects 10:137 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:210, 211 Harmonic mean statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:233, 235 Harmony utopianism 16:267, 269 Harnack, Adolf von Christianity 2:433 Harper, William Rainey adult education 1:101 HARRINGTON, JAMES 6:323-324 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:322 public law, comparative 13:186 Tawney, R. H. 15:520 Harris, Chauncy D. geography, economic 6:126 Harris, Marvin functional analysis, varieties of 6:35 technology 15:585 Harris, Zellig linguistics 9:357 Harrison, Jane ritual 13:522 Harrison, Richard Edes reference materials and books 7:324 Harrison Act (U.S. 1914) drug addiction: social aspects 4:299
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238
Harrod,RoyF.
Harrod, Roy F. economic growth 4:410, 413 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:418 international trade: mathematical theory 8:102 welfare economics 16:505 Hart, H. L. A. jurisprudence 8:336 law, sociology of 9: 52 law and legal institutions 9:73 Hart, Hornell communication, mass 3:46 parapsychology 11:395 Hart, Merwin K. isolationism 8:220 Hartke, Wolfgang geography, social 6:138 HARTLEY, DAVID 6:324-326 Hartley, Ruth reference groups 13:358 Hartley, R. V. L. information theory 7:331, 332 Hartman, D. H. Allport, Floyd H. 1:272 Hartmann, Heinz fantasy 5:331 interaction and personality 7:463 personality 11: 594 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:18, 19 Rapaport, David 13:326 Hartshorne, Hugh moral development 10:483, 484, 486 Hartshorne, Richard area 1:398, 399, 400 environmentalism 5:94 Harvard Index Chart Anderson, Oskar N. 1:286 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:426 time series: cycles 10:70 Harvard Studies in Business History 6:476 Harvey, O. J. systems analysis, psychological 15:489, 492 Hasebroek, Johannes Bucher, Karl 2:164 Hashish drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:290
INDEX drug addiction: social aspects 4:299 Hasidism Judaism 8:278 Haskell, Francis creativity 3:451 Haskins, Charles H. intellectual history 6:465 Haskins, Jack B. advertising 1:113 Hasse, Ernst pan movements 11:368 Hastings, Warren Burke, Edmund 2:224 Hathaway, Starke R. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 12:44 fol. Hatt, Paul K. occupations and careers 11:247 rural society 13:582 HAURIOU, MAURICE 6:326-328 law, sociology of 9:51 Hauser, Henri price history 12:473 Hauser, Philip M. Asian society 1:433 Haushofer, Karl geography, political 6:121 Ratzel, Friedrich 13:328 Hausknecht, Murray voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:366 Havana Charter commodity agreements, international 3:19 Havasupai Indians 7:190 Havighurst, Robert J. adolescence 1:92 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222 Hawaii anthropology 1:310 assimilation 1:439 migration: economic aspects 10:294 Oceanian society 11:254 paternalism 11:473 prejudice 12:442 Hawkes, Christopher archeology 1:381 Hawley, Amos H. ecology, human 4:329
Hawthorne studies (Western Electric studies) administrative behavior 1:74 administrative process 1:66 economy and society 4:502 errors, nonsampling 5:115 group formation 6:276 group performance 6:289, 290 human relations in industry 7:241 Mayo, Elton 10:82 modern society, anthropological study of 1:333 organizations: methods of research 11:337, 338 psychology, applied 13:88 public administration 13:150 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:370 workers 16:568 HAWTREY, R. G. 6:328-330 banking, central 2:5 Haya de la Torre, Victor Raul Latin American political movements 9:43 Haycraft, Howard reference materials and books 7:321 Hayter Report (Great Britain 1961) area studies 1:402 Hazard, John N. reference materials and books 7:322 Hazard function quality control: reliability and life testing 13:236 Head, Henry body image 2:114 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:302 Head-hunting cultural diffusion 4:171 Heady, Earl O. demand and supply: econometric studies 4:111 HEALTH 6:330-336 aging 1:178 epidemiology 5:99 ethnomedicine 10:88 food: world problems 5:504 foundations 5:545 fringe benefits 16:425 housing: social aspects 6:517 illness 7:92 labor force: participation 8:476
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. J
INDEX
Henry, Jules
mental health 10:216 obesity 11:228 public health 13:164 race relations: world perspectives 13:271 see also Mental health; Public health Health insurance medical care: economic aspects 10:102 population policies 12:385 Healy, William Alexander, Franz 1:263 clinical psychology 2:514 crime, causes of 3:472, 473 delinquency: sociological aspects 4:81 psychiatry, child 12:616 Heard, Alexander political financing 12:237 HEARING 6:336-339 communication, animal: communication models and signaling behavior 3:35 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:348 infant development 7:277 mental disorders: organic aspects 10:135 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:136, 144 psychophysics 13:120 senses 14:173 sensory and motor development 14:184 stimulation drives 15:267 Hearing (legal) adjudication 1:46 legal reasoning 9:202 Hearsay rule statistics as legal evidence 15:247, 248 Heartland Mackinder, Halford 9:516 Heavenly Mandate, Doctrine of the Chinese political thought 2:396 Hebb, Donald O. drives, physiological 4:278 learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:155 perception 11:532 Hebephrenia schizophrenia 14:45
Heber, Rick F. mental retardation 10:230 Hebrew language linguistics, historical 9:378 HECKSCHER, ELI 6:339-341 international trade 8:87 Heckscher-Ohlin theory international trade 8:87, 89, 97, 98, 101 Hedging 15:117 Hedonism Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:296 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:10 utilitarianism 16:227, 230 Hedonistic calculus Gossen, Hermann Heinrich 6:209 HEGEL, GEORG WILHELM FRIEDRICH 6:341-344 alienation 1:264, 265 Bosanquet, Bernard 2:132 Burckhardt, Jacob 2:204 bureaucracy 2:213 communication, mass 3:56 constitutional law: civil rights 3:312 Dewey, John 4:156 Durkheim, Emile 4:313 evolution 5:207 general will 6:86 Green, T. H. 6:255 Marx, Karl 10:35 periodization 11:583 psychology, existential 13:77 radicalism 13:295, 297 Rank, Otto 13:317 state 15:153 style 15:357 utopianism 16:268 Weber, Max 16:494 Hegelianism interaction, social 7:431, 432 Heian period (Japan) Buddhism 2:180 Japanese society 8:238 Heidbreder, Edna concept formation 3:208 Heidegger, Martin Husserl, Edmund 7:29 phenomenology 12:69 Heidenheimer, Arnold J. political financing 12:238
239
Heider, Fritz attitudes 1:462 field theory 5:414 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:617 Helfand, A. L. socialism 14:517 HELLER, HERMANN 6:344-345 Heller, Walter W. welfare state 16:518 Helmert, Friedrich statistical method, history of 15:227 Helmert distribution: see Variance, Sampling distribution of HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN VON 6:345-350 color vision and color blindness 16:330 Freud, Sigmund 6:6 Hering, Ewald 6:352 Miiller, Georg Elias 10:523 Miiller, Johannes 10:525 phenomenology 12:70 reaction time 13:330 senses 14:173 Wundt, Wilhelm 16:582, 583 Kelson, Harry attitudes 1:462 Hemophilia genetics and behavior 6:98 Hempel, Carl C. functional analysis 6:32 Hemphill, John K. leadership: psychological aspects 9:93 Henderson, A. M. consumer's surplus 3:356 HENDERSON, L. J. 6:350-351 Barnard, Chester I. 2:12 Mayo, Elton 10:82 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:413 Hendin, Herbert M. suicide: psychological aspects 15:392 Henry, Andrew F. homicide 3:493 suicide: social aspects 15:382 Henry, Jules humor 7:6 modern society, anthropological Study of 1:334
I CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers. J
240
Henry, William
Henry, William aging 1:193 Henry VIII clause administrative law 1:82 Henry of Langenstein, the Elder economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:433 Heraclitus Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 13:287 Herbart, Johann Friedrich educational psychology 4:534 Fechner, Gustav Theodor 5:351 Herberle, Rudolf region 13:380 Herder, Johann Gottfried von government 6:217 religion, sociology of 13:407 social history 6:456 Herding pastoralism 11:455, 456 Heredity Boas, Franz 2:107 creativity 3:445 eugenics 5:193, 194 evolution and behavior 5:235 Galton, Francis 6:50 genetics and behavior 6:96, 97, 100 genetics and race 6:109 Hankins, Frank H. 6:318 individual differences 7:200 7:200 instinct 7:365, 369 mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:127 fol. mental retardation 10:231 obesity 11:229 psychology, comparative 13:54 race 13:266 social behavior, animal 14:344 social Darwinism 14:403 Watson, John B. 16:486 Heredity and Genius (Galton) 3:445 Heredity-environment controversy creativity 3:447 crime, causes of 3:472 infant development 7:280 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:427 systems analysis, social 15:459 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:11, 13 see also Nature-nurture issue
Heresy Christianity 2:429 Herfindahl index industrial concentration 7:219, 220 HERING, EWALD 6:351-353 color vision and color blindness 16:330 Muller, Georg Elias 10:523 Hermann, Charles crisis 3:511, 513 Hermann, Margaret decision making: political aspects 4:59 Hermaphroditism sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:210, 214 Hermelin, B. mental retardation 10:237 Hermeneutics Dilthey, Wilhelm 4:186 Hermens, Ferdinand A. parties, political: party systems 11:438, 447 Hermes (myth) 10:580 Herndon, James judicial behavior 8:310 Hero, Alfred O. voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:365 Heroin drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:291 drug addiction: social aspects 4:301 Herrick, C. L. nervous system: evolutionary and behavioral aspects of the brain 11:126 Hersey, John social science fiction 14:478, 479 HERSKOVITS, MELVILLE JEAN 6:353-354 acculturation 1:22 culture 3:544, 555 Frazier, E. Franklin 5:553 Herzen, Alexander socialism 14:516 Herzl, Theodor Zionism 16:594 Hess, Eckhard H. imprinting 7:109 fol.
Hess, W. R. nervous system: brain stimulation 11:151 Heterogeneity, Statistical Lexis, Wilhelm 9:272 Heterophoria visual defects 16:338 Heteroscedasticity 16:298 analysis of variance 9:332 errors in statistical assumptions 5:138 linear hypotheses: regression 9:317 Heterostasis homeostasis 6:500 HETTNER, ALFRED 6:354-356 Heuristics problem solving 12:508 simulation: individual behavior 14:266 Hick, W. E. information theory 7:335 Hicks, John R. consumer's surplus 3:356 demand and supply 4:98 economic equilibrium 4:380, 387 economic growth 4:413 income distribution: functional share 7:142 liquidity preference 9:398 money: velocity of circulation 10:451 utility 16:253, 254 welfare economics 16:505 Hidatsa Indians 7:193 Hidden periodicities time series: cycles 16:70, 72, 77 Hierarchy caste 2:334 organizational intelligence 11:323 political organization 12:194 religious organization 13:430, 431 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:442 Scheler, Max 14:40 High School Personality Questionnaire 16:126 Higher education 4:521, 529 academic freedom 1:4 sociology 15:16 see also Universities Hilal as-$abi' historiography, Islamic 6:410
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. J
INDEX
History of Mechanical Inventions, A
Hilbert space von Neumann, John 16:385 HILDEBRAND, BRUNO 6:356-358 Historical School 4:455 Hilferding, Rudolf socialism 14:520 Hilferty, Margaret M. errors, nonsampling 5:123, 124 Hill, Harris E. drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:295 Hill, James N. archeology 1:391 Hilsman, Roger intelligence, political and military 7:419 Himmelweit, Hilde communication, mass 3:50 Hinde, R. A. imprinting 7:110 HINDUISM 6:358-366 Buddhism 2:173 family: comparative structure 5:308 historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:421 Indian political thought 7:173 millenarism 10:357 monasticism 10:415, 417 philanthropy 12:74 religious organization 13:428, 429, 433, 435 South Asia 1:413, 424, 427, 428 time: social organization 16:39, 41 Weber, Max 16:497 HINTZE, OTTO 6:366-368 Hippocampus learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:157 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:149 Hippocrates environmentalism 5:93 hysteria 7:48 typologies 16:180 Hire purchase -. see Installment credit Hiring practices labor force: markets and mobility 8:485 Hirsch, Jerry mental retardation 10:233, 234 Hirsch, S. R. Judaism 8:279
Hispana (canon) 2:263 Hispaniola 2:306 see also Dominican Republic; Haiti Histadrut Israel 11:107, 114 Histogram goodness of fit 6:199 graphic presentation 6:246 quantal response 13:240 Historical explanation history, philosophy of 6:430 Historical geography Brown, Ralph H. 2:155 geography, cultural 6:133 Sauer, Carl O. 14:17 Historical Geography of the UnitedStates (Brown) 2:156 Historical linguistics 9:371, 353 culture history 6:453 see also Diachronic linguistics Historical materialism Bernstein, Eduard 2:68 Marx, Karl 10:35 Marxist sociology 10:46 see also Dialectical materialism; Economic determinism Historical School (anthropology) ethnohistory 6:441 Historical School (economics) 4:454 Ashley, William James 1:411 Austrian School 4:460 Biicher, Karl 2:163 Clark, John Bates 2:504 Commons, John R. 3:22 Hildebrand, Bruno 6:356 Knapp, Georg Friedrich 8:421 Knies, Karl 8:422 List, Friedrich 9:410 Roscher, Wilhelm 13:558 Schmoller, Gustav 14:61 Historical School (jurisprudence) Bryce, James 2:159 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:530 Maitland, Frederic William 9:533, 534 Savigny, Friedrich Carl von 14:21 Historicism Dilthey, Wilhelm 4:186 interaction, social 7:433 law, sociology of 9:50 Mannheim, Karl 9:557 Meinecke, Friedrich 10:122 Menger, Carl 10:125
241
natural law 11:80 Troeltsch, Ernst 16:153 Vico, Giovanni Battista 16:314 Weber, Max 16:495 HISTORIOGRAPHY 6:368-428 THE RHETORIC OF HISTORY 6:368-
394 AFRICAN HISTORIOGRAPHY 6:394400
CHINESE HISTORIOGRAPHY 6:400-
407 ISLAMIC HISTORIOGRAPHY 6:407-
413 JAPANESE HISTORIOGRAPHY 6:413-
420 SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY 6:420-428
see also History HISTORY 6:428-480 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY 6:428-434 HISTORY AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCES
6:434-440 ETHNOHISTORY 6:440-448 CULTURE HISTORY 6:448-455 SOCIAL HISTORY 6:455-462 INTELLECTUAL HISTORY 6:462-468 ECONOMIC HISTORY 6:468-474 BUSINESS HISTORY 6:474-480
see also Business history; Culture history; Economic history; Ethnohistory; Historiography; Intellectual history; Philosophy of history; Social history for classified list of articles on HISTORY see volume 17 page 91 History, Art: see Art history History, Comparative: see Comparative history History, New: see New History History, Philosophy of: see Philosophy of history History of American Political Theories, A (Merriam) 10:255 History of Economic Analysis (Schumpeter) 14:70 History of Experimental Psychology, A (Boring) 2:127 History of Liberty (Acton) 1:40 History of Mechanical Inventions, A (Usher) 16:222
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 l_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
242
INDEX
History of Parliament
History of Parliament (Namier) 11:6 History of science: see Science, History of History of Socialist Thought (Cole) 2:555 Hitch, C. J. budgeting 2:189 Hitler, Adolf anti-Semitism 1:347 crisis government 3:515 national interest 11:39 national socialism 11:45 totalitarianism 16:110 HJARNE, HARALD 6:480-481 Ho, Ping-ti Chinese society 2:413 Hoagland, Hudson homeostasis 6:502 HOBBES, THOMAS 6:481-487 civil disobedience 2:476 communication, mass 3:56 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:322 cooperation 3:386 Durkheim, Emile 4:312 equality 5:102 Harrington, James 6:323 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 6:342 honor 6:504 interaction, social 7:430, 436 Locke, John 9:466 natural law 11:84 natural rights 11:86, 87 political theory: trends and goals 12:326 power 12:406 social contract 14:376 fol. social structure 14:482 society 14:578 sovereignty 15:79 Spinoza 15:136 utilitarianism 16:230 HOBHOUSE, L. T. 6:487-489 feud 5:390 problem solving 12:505 Hobsbawm, Eric social movements 14:447 HOBSON, JOHN A. 6:489-491 colonialism: economic aspects 3:8 imperialism 7:101 Hoch, Paul H. motivation, human 10:518
Hocking, W. Ernest general will 6:87 Hodges, Harold M. class culture 15:335 Hodges, J. L., Jr. goodness of fit 6:202, 205 Hodgskin, Thomas laissez-faire 8:547 socialist economic thought 4:447 Hodos, William nervous system: brain stimulation 11:154 Hoebel, E. Adamson feud 5:391, 392 judicial behavior 8:308 judicial process: comparative aspects 8:292 sanctions 14:2 Hoel, Paul G. errors in statistical assumptions 5:136 Hoffding, Harald Kohler, Wolfgang 8:440 Hoffmann, Walther industrialization: economic aspects 7:262 Hofstadter, Richard conservation: political and social aspects 3:277 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:27 Hogg, Margaret H. sample surveys 13:596 Hogg, Robert V. goodness of fit 6:205 Hokan language Indians, North American 7:189 Hokanson, J. E. aggression 1:170 Holbrook, Josiah adult education 1:101 Holdsworth, William adjudication, domestic 1:46 Holidays collective bargaining 8:496 fringe benefits 16:425 labor force: hours of work 8:487 Holism Angyal, Andras 1:302 anthropology 1:314 ecology, cultural 4:341 educational psychology 4:535 geography, social 6:142
gestalt theory 6:167 historiography, Chinese 6:401 society 14:579 Stern, William 15:263 style 15:358 therapeutic community 10:208, 212 Holland, James G. attention 1:446 Holland: see Netherlands Hollander, E. P. leadership: psychological aspects 9:91, 93, 96, 98 Hollerith, Herman computation 3:192 Hollingshead, August B. mental disorders: epidemiology 10:153 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:224 Hollywood, California communication, mass 3:43 film (cinema) 5:428, 430 HOLMES, OLIVER WENDELL 6:491-493 adjudication 1:45, 46 constitutional law 3:297, 298 duty 4:321 judicial discretion 8:321 Kelsen, Hans 8:364 legal reasoning 9; 198 Hoist, Erich von aggression 1:169 ethology 5:191 HOLT, EDWIN B. 6:493-494 Allport, Floyd H. 1:271 imitation 7:96 Holy community Christianity 2:442 Horn an s, George C. human relations in industry 7:242 interaction, social 7:436 interaction: social exchange 7:453 Whitehead, Alfred North 16:534 "Home rule" local government 9:452 HOMELESSNESS 6:494-499 drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:272 refugees: world problems 13:361 HOMEOSTASIS 6:499-503 Cannon, Walter B. 2:261 cybernetics 4:4
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INDEX
Hotelling, Harold
drives, physiological 4:276 evolution 5:205 functional analysis 6:30 perceptual constancy 11:546 personality 11:595 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:3 psychosomatic illness 13:138 social behavior, animal: the regulation of animal populations 14:364 systems analysis, political 15:473 systems analysis, psychological 15:486 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:617 see also Equilibrium (psychology) Homicide capital punishment 2:290, 293 crime 3:490 feud 5:391 pollution 12:339 Hominidae evolution, human 5:218 evolution, primate 5:210, 212 Homme moyen Quetelet, Adolphe 13:251, 254 Homo ludens (Huizinga) 6:534 Homo sapiens evolution, primate 5:214 hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:13 Homogamy marriage: family formation 10:5 Homomorphism mathematics 10:72 Homonomy Angyal, Andras 1:302 Homoscedasticity 16:298 errors in statistical assumptions 5:138 Homosexuality 14:222 instrumental learning 9:134 mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:128 paranoid reactions 11:382 sex differences 7:211 sexual deviation: social aspects 14:218 Hondt, Victor d' electoral systems 5:13 Hondt procedure electoral systems 5:13, 14
Honduras literacy 9:413 sales and excise taxes 15:552 Honen Buddhism 2:181 Honesty moral development 10:484 Hong Kong Chinese society 2:423 refugees: world problems 13:365 HONOR 6:503-511 status, social 15:253 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:92 Honor system achievement testing 1:36 Hook, Sidney reference materials 7:322 Hooker, Richard constitutions and constitutionalism 3:322 HOOTON, EARNEST A. 6:511-513 Hopi Indians humor 7:6 language and culture 9:22 property 12:591 time: psychological aspects 16:29 Whorf, Benjamin L. 16:537 Hopkins, Terence K. leadership: psychological aspects 9-.100 Hoppe, Ferdinand Lewin, Kurt 9:267 Hopper, William D. technology 15:578 Horizon archeology 1:383 Hormones drives, physiological 4:276 emotion 5:38 homosexuality 14:223 infancy: the effects of early experience 7:285 mental disorders: biological aspects 10:143 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:196 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:141 psychology, physiological 13:62 sexual behavior, animal 14:196 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:213
243
Horn, Daniel smoking 14:339 HORNBY, KAREN 6:513-516 anxiety 1:359 conflict: psychological aspects 3:221 instinct 7:366 personality, political 12:16 Hb'rnigk, Philipp Wilhelm von Becher, Johann Joachim 2:39 Horses domestication, animal 4:254 Indians, North American 7:181, 188, 189, 192 Horton, Donald drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:268 Hoselitz, Bert F. community-society continua 3:179 Hospitals clinical psychology 2:515 illness 7:93, 94 medical care: social aspects 10:96, 98 msdical personnel 10:118 modern society, anthropological study of 1:333 psychiatry, child 12:619 psychiatry, forensic 12:630 psychiatry, social 12:627 schizophrenia 14:42 see also Mental hospitals Hostility aggression 1:171 feud 5:389, 391 functional analysis 6:32, 33 religion: psychological study 13:419 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:89 Hotelling, Harold Dupuit, Jules 4:310 factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:276 Launhardt, Wilhelm 9:49 linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:348 multivariate analysis 10:527 multivariate analysis: correlation 10:538, 549 time series 16:49 Wald, Abraham 16:437
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244
Hours of work
Hours of work 8:487 Brandeis, Louis Dembitz 2:144 collective bargaining 8:492, 496 employment and unemployment 5:52 fringe benefits 16:425 labor force: participation 8:475 leisure 9:252 wage and hour legislation 16:419 Household appliances: see Appliances, Household Household sector input-output analysis 7:345 interest 7:474 national income and product accounts 11:23, 28, 30 national wealth: estimation 11:55 Households: see Domestic groups HOUSING 6:516-526 SOCIAL ASPECTS 6:516-521 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 6:521-526
assimilation 1:442 consumer assets 3:344, 346 consumer behavior 3:352 consumption levels and standards 3:337 credit, government 3:462, 464, 465 family assets 3:345 investment function, aggregate 8:189 land: classification 8:560 neighborhood 11:124 planning, regional and urban 12:129, 132 planning, welfare 12:143 property taxes 15:546 rent 13:461 segregation 14:146 subsidies 15:365 Housman, A. E. Frazer, James George 5:551 Hovevei-Zion (Lovers of Zion) Zionism 16:594 HOVLAND, CARL I. 6:526-531 attitude change 1:461 communication, political 3:92 concept formation 3:209 persuasion 12:56 social psychology 14:469, 470 Howard, John public health 13:167
INDEX social research, early history of 15:42 Howard, Michael disengagement 4:213 Howe, Samuel G. psychiatry, child 12:615 Howe, W. G. factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:278 Howitt, A. W. Morgan, Lewis Henry 10:497 HRDLlCKA, ALES 6:531-532 Hsi, Chu Chinese society 2:412 Hsiang Chinese society 2:420 Hsu, Francis L. K. therapeutic community 10:212 Hsiin Tzu Chinese political thought 2:399 Huang Tsung-hsi Chinese political thought 2:407 Huari (archeological site) urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:213 Hubertusburg, Peace of (1763) war 16:457 Hue color vision and color blindness 16:332, 333 Hughes, H. Stuart ethnohistory 6:445, 446 Hui-yiian Buddhism 2:177 HUIZINGA, JOHAN 6:532-534 HULL, CLARK L. 6:535-539 behavior therapy 10:190 concept formation 3:207 discrimination learning 9:144 drives, acquired 4:283 drives, physiological 4:276 Hovland, Carl I. 6:527 hypnosis 7:35 learning theory 9:192 motivation 10:512 problem solving 12:507 Tolman, Edward C. 16:97 verbal learning 9:161 Hull-Spence theory drives, acquired 4:283 Human capital: see Capital, Human Human ecology 4:328 Bernard, L. L. 2:64
city: forms and functions 2:453 commutation 16:141 conservation: political and social aspects 3:274 cooperation 3:385 delinquency 4:77 environment 5:92 epidemiology 5:97 ethnomedicine 10:90 geography, political 6:118 geography, social 6:136 Indians, North American 7:184 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:223 Park, Robert E. 11:418 population distribution 12:374 refugees: adjustment and assimilation 13:376 Sauer, Carl O. 14:18 Siegfried, Andre 14:237 sociology 15:2, 3, 5 Wirth, Louis 16:558 Human engineering 5:81 military psychology 10:335, 337 see also Engineering psychology Human factors engineering: see Engineering psychology Human geography: see Social geography Human Nature and the Social Order (Cooley) 3:379 Human paleontology anthropology 1:305 Human relations administrative behavior 1:75 cohesion, social 2:542 groups 6:261 industrial and business psychology 7:226 industrial relations 7:240 leadership: sociological aspects 9:105 organizations 11:301 public administration 13:150 social control: organizational aspects 14:401 workers 16:568 Human Relations Area Files (Yale University) information services 7:312 social structure 14:483 Human reproduction: see Reproduction, Human
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Hypochondria
INDEX Human Resources Research Office military psychology 10:336 HUMAN RIGHTS 6:540-545 civil disobedience 2:485 constitutional law: civil rights 3:312, 316 slavery 14:308 HUMBOLDT, ALEXANDER VON 6:545-546 Bastian, Adolf 2:23 HUME, DAVID 6:546-550 balance of power 1:508 causation 2:350, 351 civil disobedience 2:476 freedom 5:556 history, philosophy of 6:431 international trade 8:91 justice 8:345 money: quantity theory 10:433 Ricardo, David 13:509 Smith, Adam 14:325 utilitarianism 16:225, 226 HUMOR 7:1-8 fantasy 5:333 Humphrey, G. problem solving 12:506 Hundred per cent reserve system Fisher, Irving 5:481 Hundred Schools Chinese political thought 2:395 Hung Hsiu-ch'iian Chinese society 2:414 Hungarian Revolt (1956) social movements 14:447 Hungary communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:152, 153 communism, national 3:114 money: monetary reform 10:456 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:110 population composition 12:367 sex ratio 12:363 Hunger Cannon, Walter B. 2:261 famine 5:322 Hunt, D. E. systems analysis, psychological 15:489, 492 Hunt, J. McV. motivation 10:512, 513
Hunter, Floyd community power 3:158 HUNTER, WALTER S. 7:8-9 Hunting conservation: economic aspects 3:289 evolution, human 5:220 food-producing revolution 4:248 hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:9 Oceanian society 11:259 HUNTING AND GATHERING 7:9-26 OLD "WORLD PREHISTORIC SOCIETIES
7:9-15 NEW WORLD PREHISTORIC SOCIETIES 7:15-21 CONTEMPORARY SOCIETIES 7:21-26
domestication 4:248 ecology, cultural 4:341, 343 food: consumption patterns 5:511 Indians, North American 7:180 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:456 land tenure 8:564, 565 Oceanian society 11:254, 258 stateless society 15:161 sub-Saharan African society 1:140 HUNTINGTON, ELLSWORTH 7:26-27 Huntington, Mary Jean status, social 15:252 Huntington, Samuel P. civil-military relations 2:493 Hupa Indians 7:186 Hurgronje, Christiaan Snouck see: Snouck Hurgronje, Christiaan Hurley, John R. factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:279 Hurvich, Marvin S. dreams 4:262 HUSSERL, EDMUND 7:27-31 Katz, David 8:353 phenomenology 12:68 Stumpf, Carl 15:351 Hutchins, Robert Alexander, Franz 1:263 Hutterites depressive disorders 4:127 Huxley, Aldous literature: political fiction 9:435 utopianism 16:270
245
HUXLEY, JULIAN 7:31-33 conservation: political and social aspects 3:279 Hybrid banking 1:515, 516 Hybrids ethology 5:187 eugenics 5:194 Hydraulic society dictatorship 4:164 Hydrophobia 12:81 Hyman, Herbert H. reference groups 13:354, 355 Hyperbolic arctangent transformation statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:189 Hypergeometric distributions 4:220 counted data 3:419 Hypergravity space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:89 Hyperinflation 7:289, 296 exchange rates 8:12 price history 12:475 Hypermetropia visual defects 16:337, 339 Hyperphagia motivation 10:510 Hypersomnia sleep 14:317 HYPNOSIS 7:33-39 Charcot, Jean Martin 2:384 Freud, Sigmund 6:1 Hull, Clark L. 6:535 Janet, Pierre 8:234 mental disorders: experimental study 10:171 Mesmer, Franz Anton 10:261 murder 10:562 neurosis 11:162 pain 11:359 personality 11:599 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:41 psychoanalysis: therapeutic methods 13:32 psychosomatic illness 13:140 role: psychological aspects 13:548 suggestion 15:369 Hypochondria psychosomatic illness 13:141
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 bers.J I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers
246
INDEX
Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal nerve nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:136 Hyposomnia: see Insomnia Hypothalamus emotion 5:38 infancy: the effects of early experience 7:285, 287 mental disorders 10:140 motivation 10:508, 510 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:151 nervous system: evolutionary and behavioral aspects of the brain 11:129 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:139 psychology, physiological 13:63 sexual behavior, animal 14:198, 199 sexual deviation; psychological aspects 14:213 Hypotheses, Composite: see Composite hypotheses Hypotheses, Simple: see Simple hypotheses HYPOTHESIS TESTING 7:40-47 analysis of variance 9:324 counted data 3:418 fol. decision theory 4:62, 65 estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:152 errors in statistical assumptions 5:133, 137 factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:278 Fisher, R. A. 5:487 goodness of fit 6:199 likelihood 9:300 linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:337 Markov chains 9:584 models, mathematical 10:383 multivariate analysis 10:530 multivariate analysis: classification and discrimination 10:553 nonparametric statistics 11:178 order statistics 11:189 point estimation 5:143 quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:227 quality control, statistical: process control 13:231
quasi-experimental design 5:262 runs 11:190 sequential analysis 14:189 significance, tests of 14:238 statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:194 statistical analysis, special problems of; truncation and censorship 15:198 statistical method, history of 15:229 statistics 15:212 survey analysis 15:418 time series: cycles 16:75 variances, statistical study of 16:296 Wald, Abraham 16:435 Wilks, S. S. 16:552 HYSTERIA 7:47-52 Angyal, Andras 1:304 Binet, Alfred 2:74 character disorders 2:380 Charcot, Jean Martin 2:384 collective behavior 2:563 conflict 3:220 Janet, Pierre 8:234 mental disorders 10:129 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 12:45 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:13 psychosomatic illness 13:140, 141 suggestion 15:372
I IBEC: see International Bank for Economic Cooperation IBRD: see International Bank for Reconstruction and Development ICA: see Commodity agreements, International ICAO: see International Civil Aviation Organization ICC: see Interstate Commerce Commission ICEM: see Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration
ICU: see International Clearing Union IDA: see International Development Association IFC: see International Finance Corporation IFO—Institute for Economic Research prediction and forecasting, economic 12:430 IFTU: see International Federation of Trade Unions IGCR: see Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees ILO: see International Labour Organisation IMF: see International Monetary Fund IQ: see Intelligence quotient IRI: see Institute for Industrial Reconstruction IRO: see International Refugee Organization ISA: see International Sociological Association ISF: see International Stabilization Fund ITA: see International Tin Agreements ITO: see International Trade Organisation IUD: see Intrauterine device IWA: see International Wheat Agreements IWW: see Industrial Workers of the World Ibn Abi Usaybi'ah historiography, Islamic 6:409 Ibn Ishaq historiography, Islamic 6:408 IBN KHALDUN 7:53-57 historiography, African 6:397 historiography, Islamic 6:411 stagnation 15:141 Ibn Khallikan historiography, Islamic 6:409 Ibo voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:360 Iceland electoral systems 5:8 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Ideology
id Freud, Sigmund 6:3 interaction, social 7:432 neurosis 11:163 personality 11:593 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:7 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:5, 6, 7 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:279, 280 Ideal types bureaucracy 2:207 community-society continua 3:174 organizations: methods of research 11:336 social structure 14:485 typologies 16:183 Weber, Max. 16:495, 499 Idealism Chinese political thought 2:406 Durkheim, Emile 4:313 history, social 6:456 interaction, social 7:431 international relations 8:61 jurisprudence 8:334 Lindsay, A. D. 9:308 Mannheim, Karl 9:558 radicalism 13:297 society 14:580 sociological thought 15:27 Idealistic culture Sorokin, Pitirim A. 15:62 Ideas Bastian, Adolf 2:23 Descartes, Rene 4:129 Dewey, John 4:156 intellectual history 6:462 fol. James, William 8:231 knowledge, sociology of 8:428 Weber, Max 16:497 Whitehead, Alfred North 16:535 Ideational culture Sorokin, Pitirim A. 15:62 Identical twins genetics and behavior 6:100 individual differences 7:201, 202 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:427 Identifiability, Statistical: see Statistical identifiability
IDENTIFICATION, POLITICAL 7:57-61 generations 6:92 identity, psychosocial 7:64 peace 11:490 political culture 12:222 socialization, political 14:554 voting 16:391, 392 IDENTITY, PSYCHOSOCIAL 7:61-65 adolescence 1:89 attitude change 1:465 body image 2:114 brainwashing 2:141 conflict: anthropological aspects 3:240 educational systems 4:515 fantasy 5:331 intellectual development 7:389 interaction, symbolic 7:444 Japanese society 8:246 life cycle 9:290 moral development 10:492 personality 11:600 personality, political 12:17 personality development 11:612 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:7, 9, 10 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:43 religion, sociology of 13:410 religious observance 13:425 role: psychological aspects 13:547, 550 self concept 14:153 sex differences 7:212 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:211 systems analysis, social 15:469 Identity crisis identity, psychosocial 7:61, 62, 63 IDEOLOGY 7:66-85 THE CONCEPT AND FUNCTION OF IDEOLOGY 7:66-76 IDEOLOGY AND THE SOCIAL SYSTEM
7:76-85 attitudes 1:454 Chinese society 2:417 communism, national 3:116 conflict: social aspects 3:234 consensus 3:267 creativity 3:444 death and bereavement 4:21
247
descent groups 8:405 dictatorship 4:166 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:425 economy and society 4:501 falangism 5:288, 289, 290 fascism 5:334, 336 Geiger, Theodor 6:84 geography, cultural 6:133 identity, psychosocial 7:63, 65 imperialism 7:106 intellectuals 7:414 international relations: ideological aspects 8:69, 74 international relations: psychological aspects 8: 78 internment and custody 8:142 judicial behavior 8:311 Kelsen, Hans 8:365 knowledge, sociology of 8:429 local politics 9:460 Lukacs, Gyorgy 9:490 Mannheim, Karl 9:557, 561 Marxism 10:42, 43 Marxist sociology 10:47, 50 mental disorders, treatment of; therapeutic community 10:210 mental health 10:220 Michels, Robert 10:267 Middle American society 10:284 millenarism 10:357 minorities 10:368, 369 nationalism 11:67 national socialism 11:49 nonpartisanship 11:202 organizational intelligence 11:330 personality, political 12:19 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:21 fol. political participation 12:261 political sociology 12:300 privacy 12:482 radicalism 13:295 sects and cults 14:131 segregation 14:147 social control 14:387 social movements 14:440, 447 socialism 14:527 South American society 15:70 systems analysis, social 15:471 totalitarianism 16:108, 111 typologies 16:182 war 16:458
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248
Ideology and Utopia
Ideology and Utopia (Mannheim) 9:557, 558 Idioms semantics and semiotics 14:168 Idjma: see Ijma' Ifugao punishment 13:219 stateless society 15:163 Iggo, A. skin senses and kinesthesis 14:301 Ijma' (Idjma) Islam 8:208 Snouck Hurgronje, Christiaan 14:340 ILLEGITIMACY 7:85-90 adoption 1:97 family: comparative structure 5:311 marriage: family formation 10:2 Illiteracy 9:413 ILLNESS 7:90-96 ethnomedicine 10:88 health 6:330 medical care: social aspects 10:93 public health 13:164 social control 14:384, 390 suicide: psychological aspects 15:392 Illusions developmental psychology 4:146 humor 7:3 perception: illusions and aftereffects 11:547 perception, unconscious 11:579 'Imad-ad-din al-Isfahani historiography, Islamic 6:410 Image and Appearance of the Human Body, The (Schilder) 2:114 Imagery developmental psychology 4:146 thinking 15:611 Images communication, political 3:100 fantasy 5:327, 331 literature, psychology of 9:428 Mead, George Herbert 10:85 Imagination fantasy 5:327, 332 Jung, Carl Gustav 8:328 literature, psychology of 9:426 thinking 15:609 Imam (leader) Islam 8:209
INDEX Imami (sect) Islam 8:209 Imipramine mental disorders: biological aspects 10:146, 147 IMITATION 7:96-101 developmental psychology 4:141 fantasy 5:331 language development 9:13 motivation, human 10:516 socialization: psychological aspects 14:535 Tarde, Gabriel 15:510, 512 Immigration assimilation 1:439, 440 ideology and the social system 7:79 industrialization: economic aspects 7:261 Israel 11:103, 104, 109, 110, 115 migration: economic aspects 10:294, 298 migration: social aspects 10:286 minorities 10:366 political machines 12:250 population composition 12:364, 369 population policies 12:383 refugees: world problems 13:361 tariffs and protectionism 8:116 Impeachment judicial officers 8:299 Imperfect competition 3:184 firm, theory of the 5:459 pricing policies 12:457 wages 16:399 IMPERIALISM 7:101-109 Fanon, Frantz 5:326 Hobson, John A. 6:490 international relations: ideological aspects 8:73 Kautsky, Karl 8:356 Latin American political movements 9:42 Lenin 9:257 Michels, Robert 10:269 modernization: social aspects 10:386 transportation: social aspects 16:130 trusteeship 16:160 war 16:459 see also Colonialism
Imperialism: A Study (Hobson) 6:490 colonialism: economic aspects 3:8 Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism (Lenin) 9:257 Imports balance of payments 8:5 colonialism: economic aspects 3:10 commodity agreements, international 3:18 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:152, 153 export subsidies and dumping 8:122 government statistics 6:235 input-output analysis 7:348 international trade 8:85 international trade: patterns of trade 8:110 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:125, 127 mercantilism 4:436, 438 national income and product accounts 11:24 planning, development 12:121 spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:101 tariffs and protectionism 8:113 Impression formation gestalt theory 6:165 Impressionism art and society 5:446 IMPRINTING 7:109-115 ethology 5:192 homeostasis 6:500 pastoralism 11:456 psychology, comparative 13:56 Imprisonment: see Internment and custody Impulses defense mechanisms 4:66 mental disorders, childhood 10:160 Imputations coalitions 2:525, 526, 527 game theory 6:65 Inadmissibility decision theory 4:64 point estimation 5:144
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Incomplete beta function
Inca civilization agriculture 1:204 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:207, 210, 212 Incentives achievement motivation 1:28, 29 human relations in industry 7:243 income taxes, personal 15:531 industrial and business psychology 7:226 patents 11:466 plantations 12:158 reward systems in industry 7:247 scientists 14:108 wages 16:414 INCEST 7:115-122 analytical psychology 1:275 character disorders 2:380 family: comparative structure 5:303 marriage: comparative analysis 10:11
marriage: family formation 10:5 marriage alliance 10:21 sexual deviation: social aspects 14:220 social behavior, primate 14:358 Westermarck, Edward 16:530 Incidental perception perception, unconscious 11:576, 579 Income accounting 1:16, 18 aggregation 1:165 aging 1:184, 196 assimilation 1:442 Benini, Rodolfo 2:54 consumption function 3:358, 364 consumption levels and standards 3:336, 340 cross-section analysis 3:523, 524 econometric models, aggregate 4:348 economic growth 4:408 economics 4:478, 480 Fisher, Irving 5:477 income and employment theory 7:122 income distribution: functional share 7:132 installment credit 7:355, 357
international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:128 labor force 8:475, 478, 479 labor force: hours of work 8:490 land: economic aspects 8:551 Marshall, Alfred 10:29 money: velocity of circulation 10:452 national wealth: distribution 11:59 occupations and careers 11:249 rent 13:456 Simons, Henry C. 14:261 social class, measurement of 15:320 stratification, social 15:293 stratification systems, structure of 15:327 tariffs and protectionism 8:118 see also Personal disposable income INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT THEORY 7:122-132 consumption function 3:359 economics 4:482 fiscal policy 5:463 inflation and deflation 7:292 interest 7:481 investment function, aggregate 8:192 Keynes, John Maynard 8:369 fol. liquidity preference 9:400 fol. nationalization 11:74 INCOME DISTRIBUTION 7:132154 FUNCTIONAL SHARE 7:132-145 SIZE 7:145-154 agriculture 1:251 Anglo-American society 1:294 capitalism 2:301 communism, economic organization of 3:138 consumer assets 3:345 consumption function 3: 366 consumption levels and standards 3:339, 340 death and gift taxes 15:558 economic growth 4:399, 412 economics 4:475, 477 elasticity 4:545 industrialization: economic aspects 7:255 inflation and deflation 7:295, 298
249
Islamic countries 11:90 national wealth: distribution 11:59 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:405, 406 Pigou, Arthur Cecil 12:92 poverty 12:402 productivity 12:532 public expenditures 13:157, 161 rent 13:458 size distributions in economics 14:296 socialist economic thought 4:452 specialization and exchange 15:112 tariffs and protectionism 8:116 Taussig, Frank W. 15:517 taxation 15:524 transportation: economic aspects 16:138 variances, statistical study of 16:292 wages 16:401 Income effect Slutsky, Eugen 14:319 utility 16:253 Income splitting personal income taxes 15:532 Income statement accounting 1:15 Income taxes accounting 1:16, 20 fiscal policy, wartime 5:473 income distribution: size 7:148 local finance 9:448 national wealth: distribution 11:60 sales and excise taxes 15:554 Stamp, Josiah Charles 15:142 see also Corporation income taxes; Personal income taxes; Progressive income taxes Incomes policy agriculture 1:250 employment and unemployment 5:58 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:529, 531, 532 price control and rationing 12:465 productivity 12:533 Incomplete beta function distributions, special continuous 4:227
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
250
INDEX
Incomplete Latin square
Incomplete Latin square: see Youden square Increased severity testing statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:199 Incremental method budgeting: political aspects 2:193 Independence (statistical) counted data 3:425 fallacies, statistical 5:299 Lexis, Wilhelm 9:272 models, mathematical 10:381 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:538 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:545 probability 12:503 probability, formal 12:490 random numbers 13:308 simultaneous equation estimation 14:283 statistics 15:210 Independence movements Fanon, Frantz 5:326 North Africa 1:132 pan movements 11:365 social movements 14:443 Southeast Asia 1:439 Independence trials counted data 3:422 Independent variables linear hypotheses: regression 9:310 simultaneous equation estimation 14:283 survey analysis 15:411, 414, 416 tabular presentation 15:505, 507 Index function Pareto, Vilfredo 11:402 INDEX NUMBERS 7:154-169 THEORETICAL ASPECTS 7:154-159 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS 7:159-
165
SAMPLING 7:165-169 agriculture: productivity and tech~ nology 1:243 Bortkiewicz, Ladislaus von 2:130 Bowley, Arthur Lyon 2:136 budgeting 2:191 economic data: general 4:365 Fisher, Irving 5:482 inflation and deflation 7:289
Jevons, William Stanley 8:255 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:402 price history 12:471 productivity 12:523, 525 sample surveys: nonprobability sampling 13:614 statistics 15:222 statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:235 utility 16:254, 261 Index of attraction: see Attraction, Index of Index of discrimination: see Discrimination, Index of Index of dispersion: see Dispersion, Index of Index of Economic Journals 4:484 Index of repulsion: see Repulsion, Index of Indexes information services 7:309 information storage and retrieval 7:302 reference materials and books 7:321
India: see Indian Society Indian caste system: see Caste— Indian caste system Indian Claims Act (U.S. 1946) ethnohistory 6:443 Indian Education Research Project socialization: anthropological aspects 14:548 Indian languages, American 9:364 Indian National Congress (India) civil disobedience 2:480 INDIAN POLITICAL THOUGHT 7:169-180 Buddhism 2:166 civil disobedience 2:478, 479 Hinduism 6:363 international relations: ideological aspects 8:72 Kautilya 8:354 South Asia 1:420 Indian Reorganization Act (U.S. 1934) constitutional law: civil rights 3:314 Indian society agriculture: comparative technology 1:206
agriculture: developing countries 1:258 alliances 1:269 area and population 12:377 banking 1:517 Buddhism 2:166, 170, 183 bureaucracy 2:213 capital, social overhead 2:288 caste 2:339 civil disobedience 2:479 communication, political 3:95 communism, international 3:122 community development 3:170 conservation: political and social aspects 3:278 constitutional law: civil rights 3:313 crude death rate 4:402 descent groups 8:404 drama 4:256, 257 economic anthropology 4:363 economic growth 4:403 economy, dual 4:498 ethnic groups 5:169 family: comparative structure 5:309, 310 famine 5:324, 325 federalism 5:359 food: world problems 5:504 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 government statistics 6:232 gross national product per capita 4:403 Hinduism 6:358 historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:421, 424 identity, psychosocial 7:65 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:125 Kautilya 8:354 labor force 4:403 land: classification 8:562 linguistics 9:363 literacy 9:413, 414, 415 Majumdar, D. N. 9:540 marriage: comparative analysis 10:11, 14 marriage: family formation 10:5 migration: economic aspects 10:294 minorities 10:368
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Individualism
INDEX modernization: the bourgeoisie 10:406 nation 11:9 national wealth: estimation 11:58 neutralism and nonalignment 11:167, 168, 170 nuclear war 11:219 nuptiality 11:225 parties, political 11:448 patents 11:465 paternalism 11:476 peasantry 11:506 philanthropy 12:75 planning, social 12:127 policy sciences 12:183 population composition 12:367 population distribution 12:373 population policies 12:385, 387 propaganda 12:580 pseudo-kinship 8:410 refugees: world problems 13:364 rural society 13:581 sales and excise taxes 15:552 school enrollment 4:402 sex ratio 12:363 social movements 14:446 socialism 14:530 sociology, development of 15:15 South Asia 1:412, 413 stratification, social 15:293 suicide: psychological aspects 15:391 taxation 15:528 universities 16:197 wages 16:411 Weber, Max 16:497 Indian Sociological Society (India) 15:20 Indians, Middle American hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:18 Middle American society 10:273, 275 Tozzer, Alfred M. 16:116 Vaillant, George C. 16:277 world view 16:576, 578 INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN 7:180-200 acculturation 1:23, 24 age differentiation 1:160 Bandelier, Adolph 1:512 Benedict, Ruth 2:49 Boas, Franz 2:104
community-society continua 3:177 constitutional law: civil rights 3:314 culture 3:552, 553 culture area 3:564 Dixon, Roland B. 4:244 ecology 4:338, 340, 343 ethnohistory 6:440, 441, 443 ethnology 5:179 ethnomedicine 10:88 exchange and display 5:241, 243 Fletcher, Alice Cunningham 5:492 food: consumption patterns 5:510 honor 6:507 hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:24 hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:16 Kidder, Alfred V. 8:378 kinship 8:396 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:455, 456, 457 Lowie, Robert H. 9:482 millenarism 10:360 modern society, anthropological study of 1:337 Mooney, James 10:479 Morgan, Lewis Henry 10:496 Parsons, Elsie Clews 11:426 political anthropology 12:191 race relations: world perspectives 13:272 Sapir, Edward 14:10 Speck, Frank G. 15:116 Spier, Leslie 15:130 stateless society 15:163 Swanton, John Reed 15:439 Wissler, Clark 16:560 Indians, South American ecology 4:340 Latin American political movements 9:42 Metraux, Alfred 10:262 Indicative planning planning, development 12:120 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:103 Indifference curves Auspitz, Rudolf 1:470 utility 16:252, 254 Indifference quality quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:226
251
Indifference surfaces Pare to, Vilfredo 11:402 Indirect taxes 15:522 communism, economic organization of; public finance 3:148 sales and excise taxes 15:550 Individual Delinquent, The (Healy) 12:617 Individual difference models scaling 14:33 INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 7:200-213 OVERVIEW 7:200-207 SEX DIFFERENCES 7:207-213
educational psychology 4:538 forgetting 5:538 genetics and behavior 6:96 identity, psychosocial 7:63, 64 intellectual development 7:397 mental retardation 10:233 military psychology 10:334 models, mathematical 10:382 perception, person 11:565 perceptual deprivation 11:555 personality 11:589 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:2 personality development 11:611 psychology, constitutional 13:70 sensory and motor development 14:185 stress 15:347 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:10 traits 16:125 see also Sex differences INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY 7:213218 Adler, Alfred 1:57 psychiatry 12:609 Individualism aging 1:187 Christianity 2:442 conservation: political and social aspects 3:275 ideology and the social system 7:82 laissez-faire 8:547, 548 liberalism 9:276, 277 mercantilism 4:441 pluralism 12:164 Radbruch, Gustav 13:283 socialism 14:506
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252
Individuation
Stirner, Max 15:271 Weber, Max 16:495 Individuation analytical psychology 1:277 Indoctrination brainwashing 2:138 educational organization 4:531 psychological warfare 13:46 see also Propaganda Indo-European languages culture history 6:453 linguistics 9:353 Sapir, Edward 14:14 Saussure, Ferdinand de 14:19 Indonesia area and population 12:377 colonialism: economic aspects 3:10 communism, international 3:122 economy, dual 4:495, 496, 498 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 labor force: hours of work 8:488 literacy 9:413, 416 paternalism 11:473 peasantry 11:505 Schrieke, Bertram 14:63 Snouck Hurgronje, Christiaan 14:341 socialism 14:530 South Asia 1:423 Induction probability 12:502 statistical method, history of 15:231 Industrial and Provident Societies Act (Great Britain 1852) cooperatives 3:391 Industrial arbitration: see Arbitration—Industrial Industrial capitalism 2:295 economy and society 4:501 INDUSTRIAL CONCENTRATION 7:218-222 antitrust legislation 1:350 corporation 3:400 economies of scale 4:493, 494 mergers 10:251, 253 Industrial conflict: see Industrial disputes Industrial democracy 4:114 administrative function 1:66 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:93
INDEX Industrial disputes (industrial conflict) 8:506 sociology of work 7:236 see also Labor relations Industrial marketing: see Marketing, Industrial Industrial organization budgeting 2:197 economics 4:483 research and development, industrial 13:484 scientists 14:110 Industrial psychology 7:222 Miinsterberg, Hugo 10:561 see also Engineering psychology; Personnel psychology INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS 7:222252 INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS PSYCHOLOGY 7:222-230 THE SOCIOLOGY OF WORK 7:230-240 HUMAN RELATIONS 7:240-247 REWARD SYSTEMS AND INCENTIVES
7:247-252 collective bargaining 8:491 Commons, John R. 3:22 Mayo, Elton 10:83 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:314 public administration 13:151 workers 16:568 see also Human relations; Labor relations Industrial Relations and Disputes Investigation Act (Canada 1948) 8:509 Industrial Revolution adult education 1:101 commutation 16:140 economic growth 4:402 evolution 5:209 evolution, cultural 5:226 industrialization: economic aspects 7:253 technology and international relations 15:590, 596 Toynbee, Arnold 16:116 Unwin, George 16:200 welfare state 16:513 workers 16:565 see also Industrialization
Industrial Revolution, The (Toynbee) 16:115 Industrial society poverty 12:400 social class 15:303, 306, 313 systems analysis, international 15:483 see also Modern society Industrial unions collective bargaining 8:497 developing countries 8:513 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:526 see also Labor unions Industrial workers (blue-collar workers) business cycles 2:243 labor force: hours of work 8:489 Middle American society 10:282 occupations and careers 11:251 social mobility 14:432 social research 15:47, 49 workers 16:564 see also Skilled workers; Unskilled workers; Workers Industrial Workers of the World syndicalism 15:450 INDUSTRIALIZATION 7:252-270 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 7:252-263 SOCIAL ASPECTS 7:263-270
automation 1:480 Caribbean society 2:317 Chinese society 2:413, 419 collective security 2:565 communism, Soviet 3:107, 110 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:423 economy and society 4:502 educational organization 4:528 employment and unemployment 5:49 engineering 5:71 fertility 5:375 housing: economic aspects 6:524 illegitimacy 7:86 industry, small 7:272 international trade: patterns of trade 8:111 Janet, Pierre 8:236 Japanese society 10:403 labor force 8:470
JCAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Inflation
labor force: hours of work 8:487 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:523 literacy 9:416 Mexico 9:41 Middle American society 10:276, 279 migration: economic aspects 10:297 migration: social aspects 10:289 military power potential 10:327 neighborhood 11:121 North African society 1:130 occupations and careers 11:248, 253 Owen, Robert 11:351 patents 11:464 peasantry 11:504 pluralism 12:165 poverty 12:400 power transition 12:416 public health 13:167 social research, early history of 15:42, 45
socialism 14:507, 509, 529 Steuart, James Denham 15:265 sub-Saharan African society 1:152 technical assistance 15:569 Tugan-Baranovskii, Mikhail I. 16:165 workers 16:565 see also Economic growth Industries, Regulation of: see Regulation of industry Industry agriculture 1:248 automation 1:483 Booth, Charles 2:125 business history 6:477 cartels and trade associations 2:321 collective bargaining 8:499 competition 3:181 economic data: mainland China 4:374 economic thought: the institutional school 4:463 fol. economics 4:483 economies of scale 4:491, 493 educational systems 4:516 employment and unemployment 5:50
external economies and diseconomies 5:272 firm, theory of the 5:455, 458 industrial concentration 7:218 industrialization: economic aspects 7:252, 266 industry, small 7:270 innovation 7:340 Islamic countries 11:92 land: classification 8:560 market analysis 9:568 markets and industries 9:575 mergers 10:253 national socialism 11:47 nationalization 11:70 organizations: organizational intelligence 11:322 paternalism 11:474 population composition 12:368 production and cost analysis 12:522 productivity 12:525, 529, 533, 534 regulation of industry 13:390 rent 13:456 research and development, industrial 13:483 research and development: financing social research 13:490 Russia 16:165 scientists 14:110 spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:101 fol. specialization and exchange 15:114 stratification, social 15:329 strikes 8:502 sub-Saharan African society 1:152 subsidies 15:366 Veblen, Thorstein 16:305 visual defects 16:339 wages 16:412, 414 workers 16:564 see also headings beginning with Industrial— Industry, Regulation of: see Regulation of industry INDUSTRY, SMALL 7:270-274 automation 1:482 research and development, industrial 13:485 Inequality stratification, social 15:326 see also Equality
253
INFANCY 7:274-289 INFANT DEVELOPMENT 7:274-285
THE EFFECTS OF EARLY EXPERIENCE 7:285-289 affection 1:121, 123 conditioning 15:26 Gesell, Arnold L. 6:158 humor 7:3 intellectual development 7:388 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:425 Koffka, Kurt 8:437 language development 9:9 learning in children 9:181 life cycle 9:287 mental disorders, childhood 10:158 national character 11:17 perceptual development 11:536, 537 personality development 11:611 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:6, 7 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:14 Roheim, Geza 13:545 self concept 14:154 sensory and motor development 14:182 social behavior, primate 14:357 socialization: psychological aspects 14:536, 538 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:399, 401 Watson, John R. 16:486 Infant industries export subsidies and dumping 8:123 international trade 8:90 tariffs and protectionism 8:115, 117, 118 Infant mortality 10:501 food: world problems 5:503 Inference, Causal: see Causal inference Inference, Multivariate: see Multivariate inference Inference, Statistical: see Statistical inference Inferiority complex 7:214 Adler, Alfred 1:58 Inflation 7:289 Aftalion, Albert 1:155
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254
INDEX
Inflation and deflation
consumption function 3:359 financial intermediaries 5:436 Jacobsson, Per 8:224 labor unions: influence on wages 8:543 monetary reform 10:453, 456 money: quantity theory 10:442 oligopoly 11:289 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:117 price control and rationing 12:467 Robertson, Dennis Holme 13:530 INFLATION AND DEFLATION 7:289-301 communism, economic organization, of: public finance 3:150 Fisher, Irving 5:480 international monetary organization 8:19 liquidity preference 9:407 Inflationary gap 7:292 Inflections language development 9:12 Influence authority 1:474 communication 3:26 interest groups 7:486 lobbying 9:442 panel studies 11:378 power 12:406 public relations 13:208 systems analysis, social 15:470 see also Persuasion; Power; Propaganda Influence, Interpersonal: see Interpersonal influence Influence of Sea Poiver Upon History: 1660-1783, The (Mahan) 9:528 Information information storage and retrieval 7:301 intelligence, political and military 7:415 markets and industries 9:579 organizational intelligence 11:319, 331 prejudice 12:445 public opinion 13:190 public relations 13:211 securities markets 14:136 thinking 15:615 welfare economics 16:510
Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers' Parties: see Cominform INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL 7:301-331 THE FIELD 7:301-304 INFORMATION SERVICES 7:304-314 LIBRARIES 7:314-318
REFERENCE MATERIALS AND BOOKS 7:318-326 BIBLIOGRAPHIC ISSUES IN THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 7:326-331 computation 3:193, 194 information theory 7:331 political science 12:297 propaganda 12:580 scientific communication 14:112, 116 INFORMATION THEORY 7:331-337 communication, political 3:100 concept formation 3:209 cybernetics 4:4, 5 decision making: psychological aspects 4:34 Fisher, R. A. 5:488 language, psychology of 9:6 Lotka, Alfred J. 9:476 point estimation 5:148 problem solving 12:508 rank-size relations 13:322 reaction time 13:332 religion: anthropological study 13:405 simulation: individual behavior 14:263 systems analysis 15:457 systems analysis, psychological 15:491 thinking 15:613 variances, statistical study of 16:293, 295 Wiener, Norbert 16:545 Ingroup conflict: social aspects 3:235 Inherent error computation 3:200 Inheritance adoption 1:98 descent groups 8:401 income distribution: size 7:150 Inheritance taxes 15:556
Inhibition (neurological) mental disorders: biological aspects 10:141 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:132 senses: central mechanisms 14:179 Inhibition (psychological) aggression 1:172 creativity 3:437 discrimination learning 9:144 imitation 7:99 motivation, human 10:516 Initiation Gennep, Arnold van 6:113 Initiative life cycle 9:288 Initiators: see Opinion leaders Inkblot techniques projective techniques 12:563 see also Rorschach test Inkeles, Alex communication, mass 3:43 Inner-directed personality depressive disorders 4:126 Inner-worldly asceticism Weber, Max 16:496 INNIS, HAROLD ADAMS 7:338-339 Innocent III (pope) canon law 2:266 Innocent IV (pope) canon law 2:264 INNOVATION 7:339-345 agriculture 1:213, 242, 260 collective behavior 2:557 culture 3:555 culture and personality 3:562 diffusion, cultural 4:174 economic growth 4:398, 413 economics 4:475 economy, dual 4:498, 500 education and society 4:520 entrepreneurship 5:89 fashion 5:343 industrialization: social aspects 7:267 interpersonal influence 4:178, 179, 180, 181, 182 military 10:307 Oceanian society 11:263 plantations 12:156 productivity 12:530 Schumpeter, Joseph A. 14:69
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Institutional School
social class 15:307 social institutions 14:418 Tarde, Gabriel 15:510, 512 technical assistance 15:573 technology 15:582 technology and international relations 15:594 time series: cycles 16:76 transportation: social aspects 16:130 Usher, Abbott P. 16:222 welfare economics 16:511 Whitehead, Alfred North 16:535 Inns of Court Blackstone, William 2:84 Input agriculture: productivity and technology 1:243, 244 capital 2:270, 272 input-output analysis 7:345 land: economic aspects 8:555 production 12:512 productivity 12:523, 524, 526 spatial economics: the partial equilibrium approach 15:95 Input, Computer 3:194 INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS 7:345-354 aggregation 1:164 econometrics 4:354 economic data 4:367 economics 4:476 international trade: mathematical theory 8:97 national income and product accounts 11:27 planning, development 12:120 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:113 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:434 production and cost analysis 12:519 programming 12:558 regional science 13:387 spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:101 systems analysis, social 15:460 technology 15:578 West, Edward 16:527 see also Input; Output Input-output ratio productivity 12:523
Inquiry (Barton) 2:22 Inquiry, Commissions of commissions, government 3:13 Inquiry Concerning Human Understanding, An (Hume) 7:446 Insanity criminal law 3:498, 503 Kris, Ernst 8:452 psychiatry, forensic 12:630 see also Mental illness Insects social behavior 14:346 Insight Kohler, Wolfgang 8:441 learning 9:121 problem solving 12:506 Insomnia 14:317 Inspection quality control: acceptance sampling 13:225 quality control, statistical: process control 13:231 INSTALLMENT CREDIT 7:354-363 INSTINCT 7:363-372 affection 1:121 aggression 1:168 Bernard, L. L. 2:64 emotion 5:36 ethology 5:187 imitation 7:96 individual differences 7:201 life cycle 9:286 McDougall, William 9:504 motivation 10:507, 511 psychology, comparative 13:53 region 13:378 segregation 14:148 sympathy and empathy 15:444 Veblen, Thorstein 16:304 Watson, John B. 16:486 see also Instinctual drives (Freudian) Instinct (Bernard) 2:64 Instinct of combinations Pareto, Vilfredo 11:414 Instinctivism interaction, symbolic 7:442 Instinctual drives (Freudian) 6:4 aggression 1:168 conflict 3:220 Horney, Karen 6:513 interaction, social 7:432
255
personality 11:593 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:4 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:14, 20, 23, 26 Rapaport, David 13:326 Institut de Socologie Solvay: see Solvay Sociological Institute Institut National des Sciences et des Arts (France) social research, early history of 15:40 Institute for Industrial Reconstruction (Italy) 5:337 Institute for Personality and Ability Testing 16:126 Institute for Sex Research (Indiana University) Kinsey, Alfred C. 8:389 Institute of Economics (University of Chile) 1:406 Institute of History and Philology (Academia Sinica) 6:405, 406 Institute of Human Relations (Yale) Angell, James Rowland 1:289 behavioral science's 2:43 Hovland, Carl 6:527 see also Human Relations Area Files Institute of International Law 1:53 Institute of Modern History (Academia Sinica) 6:406 Institute of Research in Economics and Sociology (Lovanium University 1:327 Institutes of Moral Philosophy (Ferguson) 5:370 Institutes of the Christian Religion (Calvin) 2:258; 12:601 Institutes of the Laws of England (Coke) 2:551 Institutio religionis Christianae (Calvin) : see Institutes of the Christian Religion Institutional Behavior (Allport) 1:272 Institutional norms 11:206 Institutional School (economics) 4:462 Biicher, Karl 2:164 Clark, John Maurice 2:508 Commons, John R. 3:22
I CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 „.„|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers. J
256
INDEX
Institutionalization
Historical School 4:456 Leslie, T. E. Cliffe9:261 Mitchell, Wesley C. 10:373 Institutionalization ideology and the social system 7:78 interaction, symbolic 7:444 leadership: political aspects 9:109 social institutions 14:412, 414, 416 social institutions: comparative study 14:426 social movements 14:444, 449 social research, early history of 15:43
systems analysis, social 15:463 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:367 Institutions, Social: see Social institutions Instrumental learning (operant conditioning) 9:130 attention 1:445 avoidance learning 9:152 behavior therapy 10:192 imitation 7:96 infant development 7:280 learning 9:115, 125 learning in children 9:178 learning theory 9:194 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:152 reaction time 13:332 reinforcement learning 9:136 role: psychological aspects 13:551 socialization: psychological aspects 14:536 time: psychological aspects 15:26 utopianism: design of experimental communities 16:271 Instrumental variables method simultaneous equation estimation 14:288 Instrumentalism Dewey, John 4:156 law, sociology of 9:50 see also Pragmatism Insulin-coma treatment: see Insulin shock Insulin shock mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:202, 205, 206 schizophrenia 14:48
Insurance: see Health insurance; Life insurance; Social insurance Integer programming: see Discrete programming Integral calculus 10:67, 68 Integral curves utility 16:256 Integral transforms 10:70 INTEGRATION 7:372-387 CULTURAL INTEGRATION 7:372-380 SOCIAL INTEGRATION 7:380-387
Integration (psychological) attitudes 1:452, 459 Jaensch, Erich 8:226 mental health 10:216 systems analysis, psychological 15:490 Integration, Cultural: see Cultural integration Integration, Economic: see Economic integration Integration, International: see International integration Integration, Regional: see Regional integration Integration, Social: see Social integration INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT 7:387-399 adolescence 1:93 Claparede, Edouard 2:502 concept formation 3:206, 209 creativity: psychological aspects 3:440 developmental psychology 4:145 infant development 7:280 mental retardation 10:230 Montessori, Maria 10:478 problem solving 12:506 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:218 Intellectual history 6:462 Febvre, Lucien 5:349 Halevy, Elie 6:308 Huizinga, Johan 6:533 Meinecke, Friedrich 10:121 Robinson, James Harvey 13:534 science, history of 14:78 INTELLECTUALS 7:399-415 academic freedom 1:4 alienation 1:268 Anglo-American society 1:299
Chinese society 2:416, 418, 423 ideology 7:69 knowledge, sociology of 8:433 Mills, C. Wright 10:363 policy sciences 12:183, 185 professions 12:538 Radin, Paul 13:300 revolution 13:503 science, sociology of 14:96 socialism 14:516 South American society 15:73 universities 16:192, 194, 195 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:219 Wirth, Louis 16:559 Intelligence 7:421 aging 1:181, 182 Binet, Alfred 2:75 Claparede, Edouard 2:502 creativity 3:438 decision making: political aspects 4:57 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:86 developmental psychology 4:146 evolution, human 5:220 genetics and behavior 6:100 group behavior 6:269 intellectual development 7:387, 394
Kohler, Wolfgang 8:441 leadership: psychological aspects 9:98 migration: social aspects 10:289 psychology, constitutional 13:72 smoking 14:337 social mobility 14:435 social science fiction 14:479 see also Ability; Intelligence and intelligence testing INTELLIGENCE, POLITICAL AND MILITARY 7:415-421 foreign policy 5:531 organizational intelligence 11:319 fol. policy sciences 12:186 psychological warfare 13:48 Intelligence and Democratic Action (Knight) 8:427 INTELLIGENCE AND INTELLIGENCE TESTING 7:421-429 achievement testing 1:34 adolescence 1:93
fCAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
Interest groups
INDEX Binet, Alfred 2:76 creativity 3:437 crime, causes of 3:473 developmental psychology 4:137 educational psychology 4:534, 537 factor analysis: psychological applications 5:285 individual differences 7:202, 203, 205 industrial and business psychology 7:225 intellectual development 7:387 Kelley, Truman L. 8:359 mental disorders 10:136, 149 mental retardation 10:226 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:546 parapsychology 11:390 Paterson, Donald G. 11:478 psychology, applied 13:87 psychometrics 13:108, 109 reasoning and logic 13:348 sex differences 7:208 Spearman, C. E. 15:108 Stern, William 15:262 Terman, Lewis M. 15:601 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:11 Thurstone, L. L. 16:22 Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 10:236 Yerkes, Robert M. 16:588 see also Achievement testing Intelligence quotient (IQ) 7:423 individual differences 7:203, 204 mental retardation 10:226 fol. psychometrics 13:109 systems analysis, psychological 15:492 Terman, Lewis M. 15:601 Intensity skin senses and kinesthesis 14:302, 306 Intent criminal law 3:497 Intentionality Husserl, Edmund 7:28 psychology, existential 13:80, 83 INTERACTION 7:429-471 SOCIAL INTERACTION 7:429-441 SYMBOLIC INTERACTION 7:441-445 DRAMATISM 7:445-452 SOCIAL EXCHANGE 7:452-458
INTERACTION AND PERSONALITY 7:458-465 INTERACTION PROCESS ANALYSIS
7:465-471 see also Exchange, Social; Social interaction; Spatial interaction; Symbolic interaction Interaction, Statistical analysis of variance 9:330 counted data 3:425 experiments, design of 5:251 survey analysis 15:415, 417, 433 Interaction matrix interaction process analysis 7:468 Interaction profile interaction process analysis 7:468 Interactional theory: see Interpersonal theory Inter-American Commission on Human Rights constitutional law: civil rights 3:317 Inter-American Development Bank 4:134 Inter-American Statistical Institute 2:361 Inter-American Treaty of Mutual Assistance 14:7 Intercoetera (papal bull) adjudication 1:50 Interdependence ecology 4:331 group performance 6:290 integration, functional 7:538 integration, global 7:529 integration, social 7:381 neighborhood 11:121 peace 11:492 systems analysis, psychological 15:493 Interdict canon law 2:266 INTEREST 7:471-485 banking, central 2:7, 9 business cycles 2:237 Cantillon, Richard 2:269 capital 2:273, 275, 277 capital movements, private international 8:30, 31 conservation: economic aspects 3:285 consumption function 3:367
257
cost 3:406 economic thought: ancient and medieval 4:434 economics 4:478, 480 financial intermediaries 5:435 Fisher, Irving 5:478 Galiani, Ferdinando 6:46 Hansen, Alvin 6:321 Hume, David 6:549 income and employment theory 7:126, 129, 131 income distribution: functional share 7:132, 134 installment credit 7:360 investment decision 8:195, 198, 200 investment function, aggregate 8:186, 188 Keynes, John Maynard 8:370, 371, 372 liquidity preference 9:395 mercantilism 4:437 monetary policy 10:423, 424 money 10:436, 438, 444, 451 North, Dudley 11:214 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:116 population theories 12:355 Thornton, Henry 16:16 Thunen, Johann Heinrich von 16:18 Walras, Leon 16:451 Wicksell, Knut 16:541 Interest, Conflict of: see Conflict of interest INTEREST GROUPS 7:486-492 access to politics 1:12, 13 administrative function 1:63 Bentley, Arthur F. 2:60 bureaucracy 2:215 city 2:465 conflict of interest 3:244 foreign policy 5:532 government 6:225 Institutional School 4:464 integration, regional 7:524 judicial behavior 8:310 lobbying 9:441 local politics 9:462 organizational goals 11:309 pluralism 12:168 political clubs 12:214
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
258
INDEX
Interest rate school
political group analysis 12:241, 243 political participation 12:261 political science 12:287 rules of the game 13:572 systems analysis, social 15:462 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:357 voting 16:392 see also Pressure groups Interest rate school money: quantity theory 10:432 Interest testing, Vocational: see Vocational interest testing Interference theory forgetting 5:539, 540 learning theory 9:195 Interform reliability coefficient psychometrics 13:103 Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration 13:369 Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees 13:368 Intergovernmental relations federalism 5:356, 364 Intergroup relations cooperation 3:388 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:277 race relations: world perspectives 13:269 stratification systems, structure of 15:331 Interindustry economics aggregation 1:164 input-output analysis 7:345 Intermediate Credit Bank credit, government 3:462 Intermittent reinforcement 9:139 gambling 6:55 Internal consistency, Coefficients of: see Coefficients of internal consistency Internal rate: see Rate of return INTERNAL TRADE 7:493-499 advertising 1:109, 111 agriculture: marketing 1:245 INTERNAL WARFARE 7:499-507 CIVIL WAR 7:499-502 GUERRILLA WARFARE 7:503-507
limited war 9:304 see also Civil war; Guerrilla warfare
Internalization interaction and personality 7:463 moral development 10:483 systems analysis, social 15:460 Inter-Nation Simulation international relations: psychological aspects 8:80 simulation: political processes 14:276 International, First Bakunin, Mikhail A. 1:505 socialism 14:510 International, Second (Socialist International) communism, international 3:120 socialism 14:510, 519, 524 International, Third: see Comintern International African Institute 1:326 International arbitration: see Arbitration—International International Association of Historians of Asia 6:426 International Association of Legal Science 9:207 International Bank for Economic Cooperation 8:22 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 4:134 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523, 527 international organization: financing 8:49 International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and Helpers of America: see Teamsters' Union International Civil Aviation Organization 8:48 International Clearing Union 8:19 International Committee for Social Sciences Documentation 7:306 International commodity agreements: see Commodity agreements, International INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT RESOLUTION 7:507-515 adjudication 1:49 conflict of laws 3:247 integration, global 7:532 international law 7:547 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:35
negotiation 11:117 peace 11:494 sanctions, international 14:6 war 16:454 International cooperation: see Cooperation, International International Court of Justice adjudication 1:51, 55 conflict of laws 3:248 international conflict resolution 7:512 international legislation 7:552, 556 INTERNATIONAL CRIMES 7:515520 human rights 6:543 Schmitt, Carl 14:59 INTERNATIONAL CULTURAL COOPERATION 7:520-522 technical assistance 15:566 International Data Library and Reference Service (University of California) 7:312 International Development, Act for (U.S. 1950) foreign aid: economic aspects 5:521 International Development Association foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 International Economic Association 4:484 International Federation of Trade Unions labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:524 International Finance Corporation foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 international organization: financing 8:49 International Institute of African Languages and Cultures: see International African Institute INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION 7:522-547 REGIONAL INTEGRATION 7:522-
528 GLOBAL INTEGRATION 7:528-534 FUNCTIONALISM AND FUNCTIONAL INTEGRATION 7:534-541 ECONOMIC UNIONS 7:541-547
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
International politics
international conflict resolution 7:507 international organization: administration 8:41 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:33 international relations 8:63 national security 11:42 South American society 15:72 see also Economic unions; Regional integration International Labour Organisation international organization: administration 8:41 trusteeship 16:160 wage and hour legislation 16:419 INTERNATIONAL LAW 7:547-551 adjudication, international 1:49 aggression 1:175 balance of power 1:508 conflict of laws 3:246 constitutional law: civil rights 3:316 human rights 6:541 imperialism 7:107 integration, functional 7:537 international conflict resolution 7:507 international crimes 7:515 international legislation 7:551 international politics 8:57 internment and custody 8:141 Kelsen, Hans 8:360 military law 10:316, 317 Moore, John Bassett 10:482 neutralism and nonalignment 11:166 sanctions, international 14:5 Schmitt, Carl 14:59 space, outer: political and legal aspects 15:84 systems analysis, international 15:481 Vattel, Emer de 16:300, 301 war 16:464 see also Conflict of laws; International legislation International Law Commission (U.N.) international law 7:550 international legislation 7:552, 556
INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION 7:551-560 adjudication, international 1:50 international law 7:550 International Military Tribunal international crimes 7:517 international legislation 7:554 INTERNATIONAL MONETARY ECONOMICS 8:1-33 BALANCE OF PAYMENTS 8:1-11 EXCHANGE RATES 8:11-16 INTERNATIONAL MONETARY ORGANIZATION 8:16-27 PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 8:27-33
economics 4:484 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:521 international trade 8:84, 92, 93 Jacobsson, Per 8:223 monetary policy 10:422 Serra, Antonio 14:193 Thornton, Henry 16:16 see also Balance of payments; Exchange rates International Monetary Fund balance of payments 8:2 banking, central 2:7,8 commodity agreements, international 3:21 exchange rates 8:14 international monetary organization 8:19 fol. international organization: financing 8:49 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:126 Jacobsson, Per 8:224 Keynes, John Maynard 8:375 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION 8:33-50 THE PROCESS AND THE INSTITUTIONS 8:33-40 ADMINISTRATION 8:40-47 FINANCING 8:47-50
alliances 1:270 collective security 2:565 constitutional law: civil rights 3:316
259
foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 human rights 6:540 integration, functional 7:534 integration, global 7:528 integration, regional 7:522, 525 international cultural cooperation 7:520 international legislation 7:551, 558 international monetary organization 8:16 international politics 8:53, 57 international relations 8:66, 67 science-government relations 14:105 space, outer: political and legal aspects 15:83 state 15:150 systems analysis, international 15:480 trusteeship 16:159 war 16:465 INTERNATIONAL POLITICS 8:5060 alliances 1:269 balance of power 1:506 collective security 2:565 communication, political 3:98, 99, 100 diplomacy 4:187 disengagement 4:211 economic growth 4:406 economic warfare 4:467 foreign aid: political aspects 5:513 foreign policy 5:530 geography, political 6:117 integration, functional 7:535 intelligence, political and military 7:415 international law 7:547 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:34, 39
international relations: psychological aspects 8:79 nation 11:7 national interest 11:34 political science 12:293 simulation: political processes 14:276 space, outer: political and legal aspects 15:83
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. J
260
International politics game
technology and international relations 15:593 see also International relations International politics game (RAND) simulation: political processes 14:276 International Refugee Organization 13:368 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 8:60-83 THE FIELD 8:60-69 IDEOLOGICAL ASPECTS 8:69-75 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS 8:75-83
adjudication, international 1:49 aggression 1:174 alliances 1:268 balance of power 1:506 collective security 2:565 communication, political 3:96, 98, 100 conflict of laws 3:246 conservation: economic aspects 3:287 containment 3:369 crisis 3:510 deterrence 4:130 diplomacy 4:187 economic growth 4:405 economic warfare 4:467 foreign aid: political aspects 5:513 foreign policy 5:530 geography, political 6:117 imperialism 7:107 integration, functional 7:536 integration, global 7:529 integration, regional 7:522 intelligence, political and military 7:415 international conflict resolution 7:507 international cultural cooperation 7:520 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:34 national security 11:42 neutralism and nonalignment 11:166 nuclear war 11:214 pacifism 11:354
INDEX
peace 11:488 fol. political behavior 12:206 political science 12:288 power transition 12:416 psychological warfare 13:46 Richardson, Lewis Fry 13:516 simulation: political processes 14:276 systems analysis, international 15:479 technology and international relations 15:589 trusteeship 16:159 see also International politics International Research Associates public opinion 13:189 International sanctions: see Sanctions, International International Sociological Association 15:19 Geiger, Theodor 6:84 International Stabilization Fund 8:20 International Statistical Institute census 2:361 government statistics 6:235 International Sugar Agreements commodity agreements, international 3:18, 19 International systems balance of power 1:506 communication, political: international aspects 3:98 communism, international 3:126 integration, functional 7:534 integration, global 7:528 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:37 international politics 8:51 international relations 8:63 military power potential 10:331 national security 11:42 peace 11:491 power transition 12:417 systems analysis, international 15:479 systems analysis, political 15:476
International Tin Agreement commodity agreements, international 3:18
INTERNATIONAL TRADE 8:83-113 THEORY 8:83-96 MATHEMATICAL THEORY 8:96-104 TERMS OF TRADE 8:105-108 PATTERNS OF TRADE 8:108-113 agriculture 1:255 balance of payments 8:1 Barone, Enrico 2:16 colonialism: economic aspects 3:7, 9 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:151 communism, international 3:130 econometrics 4:355 economic growth 4:400, 405 economic warfare 4:467 economics 4:484 exchange rates 8:11 geography, economic 6:127 industrialization: economic aspects 7:259 international integration: economic unions 7:541, 543 international monetary organization 8:20 international trade controls 8:113 Keynes, John Maynard 8:372 mercantilism 4:435 Mill, John Stuart 10:346 pricing policies 12:462 sub-Saharan African society 1:150 Taussig, Frank W. 15:517 see also Terms of trade INTERNATIONAL TRADE CONTROLS 8:113-139, 94 TARIFFS AND PROTECTIONISM
8:113-121 EXPORT SUBSIDIES AND DUMPING
8:121-125 QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS AND QUOTAS 8:125-129 TRADE AGREEMENTS 8:129-136 STATE TRADING 8:136-139
subsidies 15:366 welfare economics 16:507 see also Dumping; Protectionism; Quotas; State trading; Subsidies; Tariffs; Trade agreements International Trade Organization 8:132
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
INDEX
Intuition
International Typographical Union 8:533 Michels, Robert 10:270 International Union for the Protection of Industrial Property patents 11:464 International Wheat Agreements 3:18, 19 International Workingmen's Association: see International, First Internationalism international organization: the process and the institutions 8:35 international relations: ideological aspects 8:72 INTERNMENT AND CUSTODY 8:139-149 brainwashing 2:138 probation and parole 11:519 Interpenetrating samples 5:124 index numbers: sampling 7:167 quantal response 13:241 sample surveys: nonprobability sampling 13:614 Interpersonal influence 4:178 communication, mass: effects 3:84 creativity: social aspects 3:447 leadership: psychological aspects 9:91 fol. leadership: sociological aspects 9:101 public opinion 13:192 scientific communication 14:115 Tarde, Gabriel 15:511 see also Opinion leaders Interpersonal relations group behavior 6:267 groups 6:261 Homey, Karen 6:514 interaction and personality 7:460, 463 interpersonal influence 4:178 interviewing, therapeutic 8:172, 174 Japanese society 8:245 medical care: social aspects 10:98 mental health 10:216 personality, political 12:16 political opinion 13:198 social movements 14:448 sociometry 15:55 suicide: psychological aspects 15:392
Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:397, 398 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:617 Interpersonal theory psychiatry 12:609 Interpretation of Dreams, The (Freud) 6:2; 4:259 Interpretation of Educational Mea~ surements (Kelley) 8:359 Interregional economic models spatial economics: general equilibrium approach 15:103 Interregional trade, Theory of spatial economics: partial equilibrium approach 15:95 Interstate Commerce Act (U.S. 1933) 13:393 Interstate Commerce Commission administration 1:69 administrative law 1:81 regulation of industry 13:391, 393, 394 Intertemporal relationships aggregation 1:166 Interval estimation confidence intervals and regions 5:151 multiple comparisons 9:337 order statistics 11:185 Interval reinforcement 9:139 Interval scales psychometrics 13:97 scaling 14:26, 30 statistics, descriptive 15:238 Intervening opportunities, Theory of Stouffer, Samuel A. 15:278 Intervening variables survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:427 Tolman, Edward C. 16:97 INTERVIEWING 8:149-176 SOCIAL RESEARCH 8:149-161 PERSONALITY APPRAISAL 8:161-171 THERAPEUTIC
INTERVIEWING
8:171-176 client-centered counseling 10:182 consumer research 9:573 counseling psychology 3:415 errors, nonsampling 5:119, 121 field work 5:420 Frenkel-Brunswik, Else 5:561 observation, social 11:234
261
personality measurement 12:33 propaganda 12:586 psychology, applied 13:87 reason analysis 13:340 sample surveys: nonprobability sampling 13:614 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:207 statistics as legal evidence 15:248 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:404 survey analysis: applications in economics 15:429, 431, 432 time budgets 16:45 voting 16:388, 389 Intraclass correlation multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:544 Intranational economic models spatial economics: general equilibrium approach 15:102 Intrauterine device fertility control 5:384 Introduction to Comparative Psychology, An (Morgan) 10:495 Introduction to English Economic History and Theory, An (Ashley) 1:411 Introduction to the Science of Sociology (Park and Burgess) 11:417 Introduction to the Study of Public Administration (White) 13:147 Introjection interaction and personality 7:463 Introspection Binet, Alfred 2:75 concept formation 3:206 Hunter, Walter S. 7:8 Kant, Immanuel 8:350 pain 11:362 phenomenology 12:69 thinking 15:611 Woodworth, Robert S. 16:562 Wundt, Wilhelm 16:585 Introversion analytical psychology 1:276 Jung, Carl Gustav 8:328 leadership: psychological aspects 9:98 Intuition charisma 2:388 Kant, Immanuel 8:349 phenomenology 12:68
I CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"] [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
262
INDEX
lutuitionism
Intuitionism mathematics 10:74 Invariance nonparametric statistics 11:181 point estimation 5:145 Inventions creativity 3:450, 458 diffusion, cultural 4:171 innovation 7:339, 340 Ogburn, William Fielding 11:278 patents 11:461 fol. research and development, industrial 13:483 Tarde, Gabriel 15:510 technology 15:582 Usher, Abbott P. 16:222 INVENTORIES 8:176-185 INVENTORY BEHAVIOR 8:176-181 INVENTORY CONTROL THEORY
8:181-185 business cycles 2:239, 240 econometric models, aggregate 4:348 econometrics 4:356 investment function, aggregate 8:188, 190, 192 liquidity preference 9:399 national wealth: estimation 11:54 operations research 11:294 production 12:518 speculation, hedging, and arbitrage 15:117 Inventories, Personality: see Personality inventories Inverse probability Bayes, Thomas 2:26 Fisher, R. A. 5:488 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:548 probability, formal 12:490 Inverse sampling sequential analysis 14:188, 189 Inverse sine transformation statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:189 Invertibility Gini, Corrado 6:188 INVESTMENT 8:185-202 THE AGGREGATE INVESTMENT FUNCTION 8:185-194
THE INVESTMENT DECISION 8:194-
202
agricultural tenancy 8:568 agriculture: capital 1:229 fol. automation 1:484 banking 1:518, 520 budgeting 2:189 business cycles 2:229, 233, 237, 241, 248 capital 2:274, 275 capital, human 2:278, 280, 283 capital, social overhead 2:288 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:140, 142, 144 consumption function 3:359 cooperatives 3:393 development banks 4:134, 135 econometric models, aggregate 4:348 econometrics 4:356 economic growth 4:409, 410, 414 economics 4:480 external economies and diseconomies 5:272, 273 financial intermediaries 5:435, 436 fiscal policy 5:468 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:525 Hansen, Alvin 6:321 housing 6:521, 522; 3:337 income and employment theory 7:123, 129, 131 income distribution: functional share 7:140 income taxes, personal 15:532 innovation 7:343 interest 7:474 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:127 inventory behavior 8:177 fol. Islamic countries 11:92 Keynes, John Maynard 8:370 labor force 8:478 liquidity preference 9:399 medical care: economic aspects 10:101 mergers 10:252 modernization: social aspects 10:392
money 10:432 national income and product accounts 11:25, 28, 29, 31 nationalization 11:70, 73 organizational goals 11:307 patents 11:467 pension funds 11:525 physiocratic thought 4:445 planning, development 12:119, 121, 124 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:114, 117 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:104, 106 plantations 12:156 population theories 12:355 pricing policies 12:459 productivity 12:529 profit 12:550 public expenditures 13:160 Robertson, Dennis Holme 13:531 stagnation 15:139 subsidies 15:365 tariffs and protectionism 8:118 Investment, Foreign capital movements, private international 8:27, 31 colonialism: economic aspects 3:7, 11 industrialization: economic aspects 7:260 Investment Advisers Act (U.S. 1940) securities markets 14:141 Investment Bank (Yugoslavia) planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:117 Investment banks 1:520 Investment budgeting 2:189 Investment Company Act (U.S. 1940) securities markets 14:141 Invisible hand laissez-faire 8:548 Smith, Adam 14:234 Involutional melancholia depressive disorders 4:124 Iqbal, Muhammad 8:216 Iran foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 Islam 8:203, 209 Islamic countries 11:90 land reform 8:574 paternalism 11:474
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. J
INDEX
Israel, ancient
Iraq animal domestication 4:253 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 literacy 9:413 Ireland age differentiation 1:158 Berkeley, George 2:63 Burke, Edmund 2:224 drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:272 family: comparative structure 5:310 famine 5:323, 324 food: world problems 5:503 judicial review 8:305 Leslie, T. E. Cliffe 9:260 migration: economic aspects 10:296, 298 nuptiality 11:225, 226 patents 11:465 population composition 12:364, 367 sex ratio 12:363 Iron Heel, The (London) 9:433 Iron law of oligarchy 11:282 Michels, Robert 10:266 organizations, theories of 11:300 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:369, 370 Iron law of wages Ricardo, David 13:508 Rodbertus, Johann Karl 13:540 wages 16:398 Iroquoian language 7:194, 196 Iroquois, League of the: see League of the Iroquois Iroquois Book of Rites, The (Hale) 6:307 Iroquois Indians 7:195 Hale, Horatio 6:307 music and society 10:567 Irregular collective: see Kollektiv Irresistible impulse criminal law 3:498 Irrigation famine 5:325 Southeast Asia 1:424 urban revolution 16:203 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:210 water resources 16:477
Isard, Walter spatial economics: general equilibrium approach 15:104 Isbell, G. M. stress 15:340 Iscoe, Ira crisis 3:511 Ishino, Iwao Japanese society 8:243 Iskra (periodical) Lenin 9:255, 256 ISLAM 8:202-216 anti-Semitism 1:346 canon law 2:267 Christianity 2:427 foundations 5:542 Gokalp, Ziya 6:195 Hinduism 6:360 historiography, African 6:397 historiography, Islamic 6:407 historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:421 homelessness 6:496 Ibn Khaldun 7:53 international relations: ideological aspects 8:70 Islamic countries 11:90, 91, 97 Judaism 8:277 medical care: social aspects 10:96 millenarism 10:350 monasticism 10:416, 418 North Africa 1:134 philanthropy 12:73 religious organization 13:430, 433, 434, 435 Schrieke, Bertram 14:63 Snouck Hurgronje, Christiaan 14:340 socialism 14:506 South Asia 1:413, 427 stagnation 15:141 sub-Saharan Africa 1:151 time: social organization 16:33, 34, 35, 36 war 16:456, 457 Islamic law Islam 8:207 religious organization 13:430 Island-Arawak Caribbean society 2:307 Island-Carib Caribbean society 2:307
263
Isma'ili Islam 8:209 Isnad (transmitters) historiography, Islamic 6:408 Isnard, Achilla Nicholas Walras, Leon 16:450 Isolation Angyal, Andras 1:303 attitudes 1:452 brainwashing 2:140 culture history 6:454 millenarism 10:354, 355 paranoid reactions 11:382 penology 11:516 perceptual deprivation 11:551 fol. psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:9 sexual behavior, animal 14:199 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:89 systems analysis, psychological 15:488 ISOLATIONISM 8:217-221 bipartisanship 2:80 Isoline map 6:250 Isometric map 6:250 Isomorphism ecology 4:334 gestalt theory 6:161 mathematics 10:72 systems analysis 14:455 Isopleth map 6:250 Israel 11:101 assimilation 1:440 canon law 2:267 educational systems 4:513, 516 family: comparative structure 5:311 Judaism 8:280 land: economic aspects 8:552 legal reasoning 9:198 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:280 refugees 13:366, 376, 377 sex ratio 12:363 societal analysis 14:568 sociological thought 15:15 Zionism 16:593 fol. Israel, ancient federalism 5:361 interest 7:473 legal reasoning 9:198
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
264
Italy
INDEX
Italy accounting 1:15 area and population 12:377 art and society 5:441, 443 bureaucracy 2:213 communism, international 3:121 communism, national 3:117 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:324 credit, agricultural 3:467 crude death rate 4:402 economic growth 4:397, 403 employment and unemployment 5:51, 53 fascism 5:334 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:524 government 6:220 gross national product per capita 4:403 homicide 3:490 honor 6:508 illness 7:92 judicial review 8:305 jurisprudence 8:338 labor force 4:403; 8:488 literacy 9:413, 414 local government 9:455 manorial economy 9:564 Michels, Robert 10:269 migration: economic aspects 10:294 Mosca, Gaetano 10:504 music and society 10:571 patents 11:462, 465 planning, economic 12:102 planning, social 12:127 pseudo-kinship 8:411 sales and excise taxes 15:552 school enrollment 4:402 sex ratio 12:363 social history 6:456 socialism 14:519, 526 state 15:151 syndicalism 15:449 systems analysis, international 15:485 trusteeship 16:161 universities 16:193 wages 16:409, 411 Itard, J. M. G. psychiatry, child 12:615
Item analysis psychometrics 13:99, 101 quantalresponse 13:243 response sets 13:493 Ivory Coast voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:360
J JAR: see Journal of Advertising Research J-shaped distributions rank-size relations 13:320 Yule, G. Udny 16:590 Jabarti, a]historiography, Islamic 6:412 Jackknife technique errors, nonsampling 5:124 Jackson, Andrew bureaucracy 2:211 laissez-faire 8:547 presidential government 12:452 Jackson, Douglas N. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 12:46 Jackson, Elton F. occupations and careers 11:252 Jackson, Hughlings fallacies, statistical 5:295 Freud, Sigmund 6:8, 9 Jacobinism Ruonarroti, Filippo 2:202 political clubs 12:217 radicalism 13:296 Jacobson, Edmund behavior therapy 10:191 JACOBSSON, PER 8:223-225 Jacoby, Arthur P. 16:373 JAENSCH, ERICH 8:225-227 Jahoda, Marie mental health 10:216, 217 Jainism Hinduism 6:360 Indian political thought 7:178 Jajman-kamim relationship paternalism 11:476 Jakobson, Roman language development 9:9
linguistics 9:355, 356 mental disorders: organic aspects 10:137 Jamaica Caribbean society 2:306 migration: economic aspects 10:295 James I (English king) Bacon, Francis 1:495 James, Henry James, William 8:228 James, S. F. time series 16:53 JAMES, WILLIAM 8:227-234 concept formation 3:207 Cooley, Charles H. 3:378 Dewey, John 4:156 discrimination learning 9:146 fantasy 5:328 Holt, Edwin B. 6:493 identity, psychosocial 7:61 interaction, social 7:434 parapsychology 11:387 psychology, existential 13:77 religion: psychological study 13:418 self concept 14:150 Woodworth, Robert S. 16:561 James-Lange theory of emotions avoidance learning 9:153 Cannon, Walter B. 2:261 James, William 8:229 Jandy, Edward C. Cooley, Charles H. 3:382 JANET, PIERRE 8:234-236 psychosomatic illness 13:141 suggestion 15:372 Janis, Irving L. stress 15:342 Janowitz, Morris caudillismo 2:349 communication, mass 3:52 Nadel, S. F. 11:2 race relations 13:279 voluntary associations 16:373 Jansenism Sorel, Georges 15:60 Japan Sociological Society 15:20 JAPANESE SOCIETY 8:236-249 administrative function 1:65 administrative law 1:80 adoption 1:98
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"l articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers.J
Jews
INDEX agriculture: developing countries 1:258 area and population 12:377 authority 1:476 banking 1:517, 520 Buddhism 2:166, 179, 183 Chinese society 2:413, 414, 415, 418, 423 clinical psychology 2:517 collective bargaining 8:493 collective security 2:567 communism, international 3:122 corporation income taxes 15:538 credit, agricultural 3:467 crude death rate 4:402 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:90 drama 4:257 econometric models, aggregate 4:349
economic growth 4:397 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:428 economy, dual 4:497 employment and unemployment 5:53 famine 5:324 fertility control 5:385, 387 feudalism 5:399 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:524 gross national product per capita 4:403 historiography, Japanese 6:413 housing: economic aspects 6:522 illness 7:91 industrial concentration 7:221 industrialization: economic aspects 7:254, 255 international trade: patterns of trade 8:112 judicial review 8:305 jurisprudence 8:340 labor force 4:403 literacy 9:414 migration: economic aspects 10:294 modernization: the bourgeoisie 10:403 national character 11:16, 18 national wealth: estimation 11:58 obesity 11:228 patents 11:462, 463, 465
paternalism 11:473, 474, 476 peasantry 11:505 personality measurement: situational tests 12:52 philanthropy 12:76 police 12:175 population composition 12:365, 367 population policies 12:387 pseudo-kinship 8:408 school enrollment 4:402 societal analysis 14:567 sociology 15:15 South Asian society 1:435 suicide: psychological aspects 15:391 technology 15:581 universities 16:197 wages 16:411 Jaspers, Karl psychology, existential 13:77 Jati: see Caste Jaures, Jean Buonarroti, Filippo 2:203 Java economy, dual 4:497, 498 historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:422 Oceanian society 11:255 Snouck Hurgronje, Christiaan 14:341 Southeast Asian society 1:423 Jay, Douglas socialist economic thought 4:452 Jay's Treaty (1794) adjudication, international 1:50 international conflict resolution 7:510 JEFFERSON, THOMAS 8:250-252 agriculture: social organization 1:211 constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:303 natural rights 11:86 Jeffersonian democracy Beard, Charles A. 2:35 Jeffreys, Harold Bayesian inference 2:33 Keynes, John Maynard 8:376 probability, interpretations 12:498 Jelliffe, Smith Ely psychosomatic illness 13:142
265
Jellinek, Elvin M. drinking and alcoholism: psychological aspects 4:265, 266, 273 JELLINEK, GEORG 8:252-254 Jen: see Benevolence Jenkin, Fleeming utility 16:239 Jenkins, James J. learning theory 9:195 mental disorders; organic aspects 10:137 Jennings, Helen H. leadership: psychological aspects 9:94 Jennings, Ivor parliamentary government 11:424 Jennings, Richard utility 16:236, 248 Jerison, Harry J. attention 1:448 Jervis, George A. mental retardation 10:227 Jespersen, Otto linguistics, historical 9:373 Jesuits monasticism 10:418 Jesup North Pacific Expedition Boas, Franz 2:100 Bogoraz, Vladimir G.; Sternberg, Lev Y.; and Jochelson, Vladimir 2:117 JEVONS, WILLIAM STANLEY 8:254-260 Austrian School 4:458, 459 conservation: economic aspects 3:280 Dupuit, Jules 4:310 Gossen, Hermann Heinrich 6:209 socialist economic thought 4:452 Tooke, Thomas 16:104 utility 16:236, 239, 243, 250, 257 Walras, Leon 16:449 VVicksteed, Philip Henry 16:544 Jewish Agency Israel 11:108 Jewish National Fund Israel 11:104 Jews anti-Semitism 1:345 assimilation 1:440, 441 drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:272 gambling 6:58
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
266
INDEX
Jie
illness 7:92 Islamic countries 11:94 Israel 11:101 Judaism 8:272 minorities 10:367 national socialism 11:46 prejudice: social discrimination 12:450 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:279 refugees: world problems 13:363 religious organization 13:429 Zionism 16:593 Jie (African people) age differentiation 1:160 Jim Crow laws race relations 13:274 Jimenez, Marcos Perez: see Perez Jimenez, Marcos Jito feudalism 5:399 Job analysis collective bargaining 8:495 psychology, applied 13:87 Job Corps (U.S.) planning, welfare 12:152 Job dilution workers 16:566 Job evaluation: see Job analysis Job security automation 1:486 collective bargaining 8:497 Jobs labor force: markets and mobility 8:482 fol. see also Professions Jochelson, Vladimir 2:116 John XXII (pope) Ockham, William of 11:269 John XXIII (pope) civil disobedience 2:477 Johnson, Adelaide psychopathic personality 13:117 JOHNSON, ALVIN 8:260-262 JOHNSON, CHARLES S. 8:262-263 Johnson, John J. caudillismo 2:348, 349 Johnson, Lyndon B. nuclear war 11:217 Johnson, Paul E. religion: psychological study 13:417
Joint distributions distributions, approximations to 4:233 probability, formal 12:492 see also Bivariate distributions Joint family 5:304, 310 South Asia 1:418 Joint occupancy problem: see Occupancy problem, Joint Joint stock company 3:396, 397 Jokes humor 7:1, 3 Joking groups: role structure 6:285 sanctions 14:4 Jomini, Antoine Henri strategy 15:284 Jones, E. Caradog mental retardation 10:242 JONES, ERNEST 8:263-265 Abraham, Karl 1:2 Ferenczi, Sandor 5:368 Jones, Griffith adult education 1:101 Jones, Hardin infancy: the effects of early experience 7:287 Jones, Harold E. sensory and motor development 14:182 Jones, Marshall P. motivation, human 10:519 Jones, Mary Cover behavior therapy 10:190 Jones, Maxwell therapeutic community 10:211 Jones, Raymond F. social science fiction 14:480 Jones, Richard M. dreams 4:262 Jones, Stephen B. geography, political 6:118 Jordan, Nehemiah thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:617 Jordan Islamic countries 11:90 Jorgenson, Dale W. distributed lags 4:216 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:420 Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation conferences 3:216
Journal of Advertising Research 1:112 Journal of African History 6:443 Journal of Economic and Business History 6:476 Gras, N. S. B. 6:252 JOURNALISM 8:265-272 communication, mass 3:57 see also Newspapers Journals bibliographic issues in the behavioral sciences 7:329 reference materials and books 7:320 scientific communication 14:113 Jouvenel, Bertrand de authority 1:473 Jowett, Benjamin Lindsay, A. D. 9:307 Toynbee, Arnold 16:115 JUDAISM 8:272-281 anti-Semitism 1:345 canon law 2:267 Christianity 2:427, 428 Islam 8:205 Israel 11:101 millenarism 10:350, 357 monasticism 10:415 prejudice 12:442, 450 religio-psychiatric movement 12:635 religious organization 13:428, 429, 435 time: social organization 16:34 JUDD, CHARLES H. 8:281-282 Judge, G. G. spatial economics: general equilibrium approach 15:107 Judges adjudication 1:44, 48 criminal law 3:501 judicial administration 8:298 judicial behavior 8: 307 judicial process 8:283, 292, 295, 296 Judgment attitudes 1:461 conformity 3:254, 255 Kulpe, Oswald 8:467 market analysis 9:568 moral development 10:490 Verstehen 16:309 see also Value judgment
I CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Justice of the peace
INDEX Judicature Act (Great Britain 1873) Bentham, Jeremy 2:57 Judicial administration 8:297 Judicial behavior 8:307 common law systems 9:212 constitutional law 3:300 Mcllwain, Charles H. 9:511 personality, political 12:18 political behavior 12:606 public law 13:176, 180 JUDICIAL PROCESS 8:283-307 INTRODUCTION 8:283-291 COMPARATIVE ASPECTS 8:291-297 JUDICIAL ADMINISTRATION 8:297-
303 JUDICIAL REVIEW 8:303-307
adjudication, domestic 1:43, 45 administrative law 1:83 Cardozo, Benjamin 2:303 judicial behavior 8,: 307 judicial discretion 8:322 legislation 9:229 political justice 12:246 social control 14:388 societies, small 14:574 see also Adjudication; Judicial review Judicial review 8:303 adjudication, domestic 1:44 administrative law 1:83 constitutional law 3:296 constitutional law: civil liberties 3:311 JUDICIARY 8:307-324 JUDICIAL BEHAVIOR 8:307-315 JUDICIAL VALUES 8:315-320 JUDICIAL DISCRETION 8:320-322 JUDICIAL RECRUITMENT 8:322-324
access to politics 1:12 adjudication, domestic 1:44, 48 Brandeis, Louis Dembitz 2:144 comparative law and legal systems 9:209 constitutional law: civil liberties 3:311 judicial process 8:283 Middle American society 10:283 see also Adjudication; Judicial behavior Judiciary Act (U.S. 1789) judicial review 8:304
Judson, A. J. language, psychology of 9:5 JUGLAR, CLEMENT 8:324-326 business cycles 2:229 Julian, J. W. leadership: psychological aspects 9:91, 93 JUNG, CARL GUSTAV 8:326-330 analytical psychology 1:274 creativity: psychological aspects 3:439 dreams 4:261 McDougall, William 9:504 motivation, human 10:515 myth and symbol 10:578, 579 parapsychology 11:387, 396 personality 11:588 psychiatry 12:609 systems analysis, psychological 15:486 typologies 16:183 Junker Weber, Max 16:495 JUNOD, HENRI ALEXANDRE 8:330-332 Jurisdiction constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:300 labor unions in the United States 8:536 JURISPRUDENCE 8:332-341 Austin, John 1:471 Blackstone, William 2:81 Bodin, Jean 2:110 Cardozo, Benjamin 2:302 Coke, Edward 2:550 duty 4:321 Ehrlich, Eugen 4:540 Gierke, Otto von 6:177 Grotius, Hugo 6:256 Holmes, Oliver Wendell 6:491 international law 7:547 Jellinek, Georg 8:252 judicial behavior 8:307 judicial values 8:319 Kantorowicz, Hermann 8:350 Kelsen, Hans 8:360 law, sociology of 9:50 law and legal institutions 9:73 legal profession 9:68 Llewellyn, Karl N. 9:440 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:530
267
Pound, Roscoe 12:396 Radbruch, Gustav 13:283 sanctions 14:1 fol. Savigny, Friedrich Carl von 14:21 Schmitt, Carl 14:58 see also Law Jury criminal law 3:501 judicial administration 8:300 judicial discretion 8:321 Jus gentium conflict of laws 3:248 Just identified statistical identifiability 15:203 Just noticeable differences Fechner, Gustav Theodor 5:351 psychophysics 13:123 Just price Aquinas, Thomas 1:376 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:433 pricing policies 12:457 Just war 16:457, 464 pacifism 11:355 JUSTICE 8:341-347 Aristotle 1:410 Bentham, Jeremy 2:56 Brecht, Arnold 2:147 Cardozo, Benjamin 2:303 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:431, 432 equality 5:104, 108 judicial administration 8:297 judicial values 8:315 Kelsen, Hans 8:365 legislation 9:231 literature: political fiction 9:438 military law 10:312 moral development 10:488, 490 natural law 11:81, 82 natural rights 11:87 political theory 12:312 public law 13:178 Radbruch, Gustav 13:283 Smith, Adam 14:325, 328 social contract 14:378 social control 14:390 see also Commutative justice; Distributive justice Justice, Political: see Political justice Justice of the peace judicial administration 8:300
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indij_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
268
INDEX
Justiciability
Justiciability international conflict resolution 7:511 Juvenile courts criminal law 3:504 delinquency 4:75 probation and parole 11:519 psychiatry, child 12:616 Juvenile delinquency: see Delinquency Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Offenses Control Act (U.S. 1961) 4:76
K K-class estimators simultaneous equation estimation 14:287 KGB: see Komitet Gosudarstvennoi Bezopastnosti ^-statistics statistical method, history of 15:228 Kabbala: see Cabala Kabuki (Japanese drama) 4:257 Kabylia, region, Algeria 1:128, 132 Kac, M. goodness of fit 6:203, 205, 206 Kafiyaji, alhistoriography, Islamic 6:411 Kafka, Franz literature: political fiction 9:438 Kagami historiography, Japanese 6:415 Kagan, Jerome S. conformity 3:257 intellectual development 7:398 Kahl, Joseph A. class culture 15:336 Kahn, Herman crisis 3:510 Kahn, R. F. economic growth: mathematical theory 4:419 Kahn, Robert L. interviewing: social research 8:153 Kaiser Plan (1962) wages 16:415 Kaldor, Nicholas economic growth 4:412
profit 12:548 statics and dynamics in economics 15:176 welfare economics 16:505 Kaldor-Hicks test welfare economics 16:505 Kalecki, Michael income distribution: functional share 7:139 Kalhana historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:421 Kalinga stateless society 15:163, 166 Kallen, Horace psychiatry 12:609 Kallmann, Franz J. mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:128, 130 Kamakura period feudalism 5:399 Kamara sanctions 14:2 Kamenev, Lev B. communism, Soviet 3:106 Kampf um die Rechtswissenschaft, Der (Kantorowicz) 8:351 Kanner, Leo psychiatry, child 12:620 KANT, IMMANUEL 8:349-350 balance of power 1:508 Hegel, Georg Wilhehn Friedrich 6:341 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:349 humor 7:1 interaction, social 7:431, 435 justice 8:345 Kelsen, Hans 8:361 natural law 11:85 phenomenology 12:68 political theory 12:311 pollution 12:341 positivism 12:392 religion, sociology of 13:407 time: psychological aspects 16:25 time: social organization 16:30 typologies 16:181 Verstehen 16:309 Weber, Max 16:494 Kantor, Harry Latin American political movements 9:43
KANTOROWICZ, HERMANN 8:350352 law and legal institutions 9:74 Kapital, Das (Marx): see Capital: A Critique of Political Economy Kaplan, Abraham authority 1:474 Kaplan, Mordecai M. Judaism 8:280 Kaplan, Morton A. international relations 8:63 systems analysis, international 15:479, 482 Kaplan, Sylvan J. radiation 13:291 Kapp, Wolfgang socialism 14:520 Karaites Judaism 8:273, 277 Kardiner, Abram Linton, Ralph 9:389 national character 11:15 religion: anthropological study 13:401 socialization: anthropological aspects 14:546 Kariera marriage: comparative analysis 10:11 Karma Buddhism 2:167 Hinduism 6:359 Karok Indians 7:186 Karsten, Anitra field theory 5:408 Lewin, Kurt 9:267 Katanga, region, Africa 1:146 folklore 5:499 Kates, Robert W. geography, statistical 6:150 Kathedersozialismus Ashley, William James 1:411 Wagner, Adolf 16:429 Kathedersozialisten Schmoller, Gustav 14:60 socialist economic thought 4:446 Katona, George consumer behavior 3:351 Katz, Daniel L. attitudes 1:453, 456 persuasion 12:61 stereotypes 15:259
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Keynes, John Maynard
KATZ, DAVID 8:352-354 Husserl, Edmund 7:30 phenomenology 12:69, 70 time: psychological aspects 15:27 Katz, Elihu communication, mass 3:51 communication, political: international aspects 3:98 Katz, Leo sociometry 15:55 Katzenbach, Nicholas deB. conflict of laws 3:250 systems analysis, international 15:482 Kaufman, Harold F. social class, measurement of 15:317, 323 Kaufman, Herbert political group analysis 12:245 Kaufman, Irving character disorders 2:382 KAUTILYA 8:354-356 Indian political thought 7:174 office, misuse of 11:273 propaganda 12:580 Kautsky, John H. totalitarianism 16:107 KAUTSKY, KARL 8:356-358 imperialism 7:103 Luxemburg, Rosa 9:496 socialism 14:509, 512 Kava Oceanian society 11:260 Kavolis, Vytautas creativity: social aspects 3:453 Kay-Shuttleworth, James Phillips social research, early history of 15:43 Kazembe (African king) tribal society 16:149 Kelley, Harold H. conformity 3:259 reference groups 13:355 social psychology 14:467 KELLEY, TRUMAN L. 8:358-360 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:424 nonparametric statistics 11:187 Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928) 1:175 war 16:453 Kelly, Everett L. personality measurement: situational tests 12:50
KELSEN, HANS 8:360-366 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:319 jurisprudence 8:333 justice 8:345 Kelvin, Lord (William Thomson) production 12:515 Kempthorne, Oscar goodness of fit 6:202 Kendall, D. G. variances, statistical study of 16:298 Kendall, M. G. geography, statistical 6:148 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:538 random numbers 13:310 Kendall, Willmoore intelligence, political and military 7:419 Kendler, Howard H. learning theory 9:196 Kendrick, John W. capitalism 2:301 income distribution: functional share 7:141 Kennan, George F. containment 3:369, 370 disengagement 4:212, 213 Kennedy, John Fitzgerald constitutional law: civil rights 3:315 nuclear war 11:218, 221 presidential government 12:452 Kennedy, Raymond Southeast Asia 1:432 Kennedy, Ruby J. R. assimilation 1:441 Kenny, Michael paternalism 11:475 Kent, Allen information storage and retrieval 7:302 Kent, James judicial recruitment 8:323 Kent, Sherman intelligence, political and military 7:418, 419 Kentucky Resolutions (U.S. 1798) 8:252 Kenya age differentiation 1:158, 159
269
housing: economic aspects 6:522 socialism 14:529 Kerala communism, national 3:114 Keresan Indians 7:191 Kerr, Clark labor force: markets and mobility 8:482 Kessel, Reuben inflation and deflation 7:299 Kessler, Karl F. Kropotkin, P'etr 8:464 Keuls, M. linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:341 KEY, V. O., Jr. 8:366-368 nonpartisanship 11:201 parties, political 11:442 political group analysis 12:243 political machines 12:249 KEYNES, JOHN MAYNARD 8:368-376 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMICS 8:368-375 CONTRIBUTIONS TO STATISTICS
8:375-376 banking, central 2:5, 9 business cycles 2:230 capital 2:276 capitalism 2:300 Clapham, John Harold 2:503 consumption function 3:359 fol. economic data 4:365 economic expectations 4:391 economic growth 4:410 economics 4:481, 485 Edgeworth, Francis Ysidro 4:507 Engel, Ernst 5:63 fiscal policy 5:462 fiscal policy, wartime 5:474 Fisher, Irving 5:479 Hansen, Alvin 6:320 fol. Hawtrey, R. G. 6:328 income and employment theory 7:122, 126 inflation and deflation 7:292, 299 interest 7:480 international trade: mathematical theory 8:101 investment function, aggregate 8:187 liquidity preference 9:394
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. J
270
Keynes, John Neville
monetary policy 10:423 money: quantity theory 10:438 money: velocity of circulation 10:448, 451 national income and product accounts 11:21 Pigou, Arthur Cecil 12:91, 95 profit 12:549 Robertson, Dennis Holme 13:530, 531 wages 16:401 welfare state 16:518, 520 KEYNES, JOHN NEVILLE 8:376378 Keynes, John Maynard 8:373 Keynes Plan international monetary organization 8:19 Keynesian revolution liquidity preference 9:401 Keynesian School consumption function 3:359 Divisia, Francois 4:242 economics 4:482 Hansen, Alvin 6:320 income and employment theory 7:122, 130 interest 7:483 international trade 8:93 international trade: mathematical theory 8:101 inventory control theory 8:184 investment function, aggregate 8:186 liquidity preference 9:394, 400 money: quantity theory 10:438 Robertson, Dennis Holme 13:531 stagnation 15:139 taxation 15:525 wages 16:401 Keystone, Thomas P. Brown, Ralph H. 2:155 Khalifah b. Khayyat historiography, Islamic 6:408 Khan, Shafa'at Ahmad historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:425 Kharijites (sect) 8:209 Khoisan: see Bushmen Khozraschet communism, economic organization of 3:134, 135
INDEX communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:147 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:111 Khrushchev, Nikita S. communism, economic organization of 3:136 communism, international 3:122, 123, 124 communism, Soviet 3:106, 108 limited war 9:305 Kiaer, Anders N. Bowley, Arthur Lyon 2:135 sample surveys 13:595 Kibbutz Israel 11:104, 106 moral development 10:492 KIDDER, ALFRED V. 8:378-379 Kiefer, J. goodness of fit 6:203, 205, 206 Kierkegaard, S0ren alienation 1:265 anxiety 1:361 Christianity 2:443 psychology, existential 13:77, 78 Kikuyu age differentiation 1:157, 159 sub-Saharan African society 1:149 Killian, Lewis M. disasters 4:205 Kindleberger, Charles P. international trade: terms of trade 8:105, 106 KINESICS 8:379-385 communication 3:28 communication, animal: communication models and signaling behavior 3:33 see also Expressive behavior Kinesthesis skin senses and kinesthesis 14:300 King, Alexander fine arts: the recruitment and socialization of artists 5:451 KING, GREGORY 8:385-386 national income and product accounts 11:20 social research, early history of 15:37 King, Leslie J. geography, statistical 6:149 King, Martin Luther, Jr. civil disobedience 2:482
constitutional law: civil rights 3:315 race relations: world perspectives 13:275 King, Wendell voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:367 KINGSHIP 8:386-389 Buddhism 2:172, 174 Calvin, John 2:259 city: forms and functions 2:449 elections 5:4 feudalism 5:395 Frazer, James George 5:552 government 6:218 Hinduism 6:363 historiography, African 6:395 Indian political thought 7:170, 171, 174, 175 Kautilya 8:355 monarchy 10:413 Seligman, C. G. 14:161 sovereignty 15:78 state 15:150 sub-Saharan Africa 1:145, 148, 150 urban revolution 16:205 see also Chiefdom Kinked demand curve oligopoly 11:288 KINSEY, ALFRED C. 8:389-390 homosexuality 14:224, 229 interviewing: social research 8:153 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:201, 207 KINSHIP 8:390-413 INTRODUCTION 8:390-401 DESCENT GROUPS 8:401-408 PSEUDO-KINSHIP 8:408-413 adoption 1:96 age differentiation 1:161 aging: social aspects 1:187, 188, 189, 194 anthropology 1:312 anthropology, comparative method in 1:340 anthropology, social 1:320, 321 Bachofen, Johann Jakob 1:493 Caribbean society 2:314, 317 componential analysis 3:187, 188, 191
j CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indij_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Knowledge, Sociology of
culture 3:534, 539 ethnology 5:182 family: comparative structure 5:301, 305, 307, 309, 310 food: consumption patterns 5:509 friendship 6:13 gilds 6:184, 185 humor 7:6 incest 7:116 Indians, North American 7:183, 185, 187, 189 fol. industrialization: social aspects 7:268 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:461 land tenure 8:564 language and culture 9:21 Lowie, Robert H. 9:481 McLennan, John Ferguson 9:517 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:530 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:543 marriage: comparative analysis 10:9
marriage: family formation 10:1 Middle American society 10:278 millenarism 10:355 Oceanian society 11:258, 262 pastoralism 11:459 paternalism 11:472 political anthropology 12:190 race 13:264 Rivers, W. H. R. 13:527 Smith, William Robertson 14:332, 333 social institutions: comparative study 14:424 social structure 14:485, 486 South Asia 1:417, 418, 419 state 15:145 stateless society 15:160 sub-Saharan Africa 1:142, 144 systems analysis, social 15:468 war 16:468 Weber, Max 16:497 see also Descent groups; Pseudokinship Kiowa-Apache Indians 7:192 Kirchheimer, Otto punishment 13:221 Kirkpatrick, Clifford family 5:320 family: disorganization and dissolution 5:313, 314, 315, 317, 319 marriage: family formation 10:8
Kirschen, Etienne planning, economic: Western Europe 12:104 Kissi sub-Saharan African society 1:144 Kitdb al- 'Ibar (Ibn Khaldun) 7:55 Kitt, Alice S. social psychology 14:464 Stouffer, Samuel A. 15:279 KJELLEN, RUDOLF 8:413-415 Klaesi, J. mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:201 Klamath Indians 7:188 Klamath language 7:187 Klausner, Samuel Z. drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:270 Klein, Donald C. mental health 10:217 Klein, Lawrence R. aggregation 1:163 econometric models, aggregate 4:344 simultaneous equation estimation 14:289 KLEIN, MELANIE 8:415-419 depressive disorders 4:125 paranoid reactions 11:383 Klein-Goldberger econometric model simulation: economic processes 14:270 Kleitman, Nathaniel dreams 4:259 sleep 14:314 Klemm, Gustav Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:172 Klineberg, Otto communication, political: international aspects 3:99 emotion 5:38 Klubeck, Stanley leadership: psychological aspects 9:97 KLUCKHOHN, CLYDE 8:419-421 anthropology, cultural 1:316 conflict: anthropological aspects 3:238 culture 3:528, 532 functional analysis 6:31, 32, 38 integration, cultural 7:373, 374, 375 value systems 16:289
271
Kluckhohn, Florence R. errors, nonsampling 5:117 value systems 16:289 Kluckhohn, Richard ethnology 5:183 Kliiver, H. sexual behavior, animal 14:199 KNAPP, GEORG FRIEDRICH 8:421422 Knapp, Robert H. aesthetics 1:120 Knesset Israel 11:109 KNIES, KARL 8:422-424 Historical School 4:455 KNIGHT, FRANK H. 8:424-428 economics 4:474 profit 12:549 Knight, Robert P. behavior therapy 10:192 paranoid reactions 11:383 Knighthood feudalism 5:396, 397 Knott, John R. nervous system: brain stimulation 11:152 Knowledge historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:370 fol. knowledge, sociology of 8:428 mental disorders, treatment of: psychological treatment 10:176 Plato 12:162 political theory 12:308 systems analysis 15:457 see also Epistemology KNOWLEDGE, SOCIOLOGY OF 8:428-435 communication, mass 3:53 Dilthey, Wilhelm 4:186 Durkheim, Emile 4:318 ethnomedicine 10:90 ideology 7:73 intellectuals 7:410 Lukacs, Gyorgy 9:490 Mannheim, Karl 9:557, 559 Mill, John Stuart 10:342 Scheler, Max 14:40 science, sociology of 14:92, 93 sociology 15:3 stratification, social 15:293 Verstehen 16:310 Znaniecki, Florian 16:601
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 bers. J [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers
272
INDEX
Koestler, Arthur
Koestler, Arthur literature: political fiction 9:435, 438, 439 KOFFKA, KURT 8:435-438 group behavior 6:270 Kohler, Wolfgang 8:438 perceptual development 11:535 thinking 15:611 Wertheimer, Max 16:523 Kohlberg, Lawrence moral development 10:483, 485 KOHLER, WOLFGANG 8:438-443 Fechner, Gustav Theodor 5:352 gestalt theory 6:161, 168 Koffka, Kurt 8:435 perception: illusions and aftereffects 11:550 problem solving 12:506 Wertheimer, Max 16:526 Kohn, Hans imperialism 7:107 Kohn, Melvin L. mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:223 Koine language linguistics 9:363 Koji mien (Encyclopedia of Ancient Matters) historiography, Japanese 6:417 Kojiki (Record of Ancient Matters) historiography, Japanese 6:414 Kolb, William L. community-society continua 3:179 Kollar, Jan pan movements 11:366 Kollektiv von Mises, Richard 16:383 Kollelitiviuasslehre (Fechner) 5:351 Kolmogorov, A. N. time series: cycles 16:79 von Mises, Richard 16:383 Kolmogorov-Smirnov test goodness of fit 6:203 Kombinationsmethode Ebbinghaus, Hermann 4:327 Komitet Gosudarstvennoi Bezopastnosti (U.S.S.R.) intelligence, political and military 7:417 KONDRATIEFF, N. D. 8:443-444 time series: cycles 16:75 Kondratieff cycles 8:444 business cycles 2:229
Spiethoff, Arthur 15:132 time series: cycles 16:75 Kongo kingdom (16th-18th centuries ) sub-Saharan African society 1:138, 146 see also Congo Koopman-Darmois distributions (Koopman-Pitman distributions) distributions, special discrete 4:229 KOPPERS, WILHELM 8:444-446 Koran: see Qur'an Korchin, Sheldon J. stress 15:339 Korea literacy 9:413 refugees: world problems 13:364 Korea, South area and population 12:377 population composition 12:365 sex ratio 12:363 Korean War brainwashing 2:139 limited war 9:304 Kornberg, Allan rules of the game 13:575 Kornbluth, C. M. social science fiction 14:478 Kornetsky, Conan drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:295 Kornhauser, Arthur reason analysis 13:339 Kornhauser, William social movements 14:449 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:373 Korongo magic 9:525 KOROSY, JOZSEF 8:446-447 Korsch, Karl Marxist sociology 10:49 Kort, Fred judicial behavior 8:312 Kossinna, Gustaf Childe, V. Gordon 2:392 Kounin, Jacob S. Lewin, Kurt 9:267 mental retardation 10:238, 245 Koyck, Leendert M. distributed lags 4:215 investment function, aggregate 8:191
KOYRE, ALEXANDRE 8:447-449 Krabbe, Hugo general will 6:87 KRAEPELIN, EMIL 8:449-450 depressive disorders 4:124 mental disorders: experimental study 10:164 paranoid reactions 11:380 schizophrenia 14:43 Krafft-Ebing, Richard F. von sexual behavior: social aspects 14:206 Krech, David attitudes 1:451, 453, 455 Kremlinology communication, political 3:93 KRETSCHMER, ERNST 8:450-452 physical anthropology 12:88 psychology, constitutional 13:67, 71 psychosis 13:133 Kriegspiel: see War game KRIS, ERNST 8:452-454 communication, mass 3:52 humor 7:4 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:38 Krise der Psychologic, Die (Biihler) 2:200, 201 KROEBER, ALFRED L. 8:454-463 caste 2:333 cultural adaptation 3:551 cultural relativism 3:544 culture 3:527 fol. culture area 3:564, 565 Dixon, Roland B. 4:244 ethnohistory 6:441 ethnology 5:179, 180, 182 Indians, North American 7:180 integration, cultural 7:373, 377 kinship 8:393 Radin, Paul 13:302 Sapir, Edward 14:11 Strong, William Duncan 15:349 Krom, N. J. historiography, south and southeast Asian 6:426 KROPOTKIN, P'ETR 8:463-465 anarchism 1:283 cooperation 3:387, 389 sympathy and empathy 15:443
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Labor agreements
Kruskal, Joseph B. statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:192 Kruskal, William H. statistics, descriptive: association 15:241, 244, 245 Kruskal-Wallis test errors in statistical assumptions 5:137, 138 nonparametric statistics 11:182 ranking methods 11:198 Krutch, Joseph Wood statistics 15:219 Kshatriya Indian caste system 2:339 Ku Yen-wu Chinese political thought 2:407 historiography, Chinese 6:401 Kubie, Lawrence S. psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:39 Kuder Preference Record vocational interest testing 16:346 Kugler, Franz Burkhardt, Jacob 2:204 Kuhn, Harold W. statics and dynamics in economics 15:177 Kuhn, Thomas S. creativity: social aspects 3:445, 454 science, history of 14:80 Kuhn-Tucker conditions programming 12:558 Kuiper, Nicholas H. goodness of fit 6:203 Kukai Buddhism 2:180 Kula exchange and display 5:240 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:545 KULISCHER, EUGENE 8:465-466 Kulldorff, Gunnar nonparametric statistics 11:187 KtJLPE, OSWALD 8:467-468 Buhler, Karl 2:199 Koffka, Kurt 8:435 thinking 15:611 Titchener, Edward B. 16:89 Wundt, Wilhelm 16:584 Kulturgeschichte history, social 6:456
Kulturkreis School anthropology 1:310 anthropology, comparative method in 1:342 ethnology 5:180 Frobenius, Leo 6:18 Graebner, Fritz 6:240 Koppers, Wilhelm 8:445 Schmidt, Wilhelm 14:56 tribal society 16:148 Kung Bushmen stateless society 15:162 Kung-sun Yang: see Shang Yang Kuo, Zing Yang psychology, comparative 13:53 Kuomintang Chinese society 2:415, 416, 423 Kuper, Hilda family: comparative structure 5:309 Kurds anthropology, comparative method in 1:340 Kuroita Katsumi historiography, Japanese 6:418 Kiirwille Tonnies, Ferdinand 16:100 Kutenai language 7:187 Kutner, Bernard attitudes 1:455 Kuusinen, Otto V. communism, international 3:126 Kuznets, Simon capitalism 2:301 economic history 6:469 income distribution: functional share 7:136 industrialization: economic aspects 7:255 interest 7:474 Kuznets cycles business cycles 2:228 Kwakiutl Indians 7:184, 185, 186 Benedict, Ruth 2:49 exchange and display 5:241 interaction: social exchange 7:455 stateless society 15:159, 162, 166 Kwoma food: consumption patterns 5:512 socialization: anthropological aspects 14:546 Kyaw Nien socialism 14:529
273
LAFTA: see Latin American Free Trade Association LIFO: see Last-in, first-out procedure LSD (Lysergic acid diethylamide) psychosis 13:134 Labor alienation 1:265 corporation income taxes 15:541, 542 economic growth 4:409 economics 4:476 export subsidies and dumping 8:123 income distribution: functional share 7:138, 141 innovation 7:339, 344 international trade 8:90 international trade: patterns of trade 8:109 manorial economy 9:563 mercantilism 4:438 pastoralism 11:460 price history 12:472 productivity 12:524, 526, 527, 529, 534 public law, comparative 13:187 rent 13:458 Rodbertus, Johann Karl 13:539 slavery 14:308 Smith, Adam 14:327 socialist economic thought 4:447, 449, 450 spatial economics: partial equilibrium approach 15:98 statics and dynamics in economics 15:169 systems analysis, social 15:467 tariffs and protectionism 8:117 Thiinen, Johann Heinrich von 16:18 utility 16:248 value, labor theory of 16:281 see also headings beginning Labor— Labor agreements collective bargaining 8:499 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:528, 530
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
274
INDEX
Labor codes
Labor codes collective bargaining 8:493 Labor contracts: see Labor agreements Labor courts industrial disputes, settlement of 8:509, 510 Labor disputes: see Industrial disputes Labor economics 4:483 employment and unemployment 5:49 labor force 8:469 labor relations 8:491 labor unions 8:516 reward systems in industry 7:247 unemployment insurance 16:187 wages 16:397 workmen's compensation 16:572 LABOR FORCE 8:469-491 DEFINITIONS AND MEASUREMENT
8:469-474 PARTICIPATION 8 : 474-481 MARKETS AND MOBILITY 8:481-487 HOURS OF WORK 8:487-491
aging: social aspects 1:190 agriculture 1:208, 236, 242, 251, 257, 258 automation 1:480, 483 Brentano, Lujo 2:148 business cycles 2:243 capital, human 2:278, 280, 281 Caribbean society 2:313 city 2:458 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:144, 145 demand and supply 4:103 economic growth 4:398, 400, 402, 411, 412, 415 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:420 economics 4:483 economy and society 4:504 educational systems 4:510 employment and unemployment 5:49
geography, economic 6:126 income and employment theory 7:130 income distribution: functional share 7:133 income distribution: size 7:146
industrialization: economic aspects 7:252, 257 industrialization: social aspects 7:266, 268 Islamic countries 11:93 Jevons, William Stanley 8:257 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:532 labor relations: developing countries 8:510 fol. labor unions: influence on wages 8:542 Middle American society 10:276 migration: economic aspects 10:293, 297 North African society 1:126 optimum population theory 12:360 paternalism 11:473 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:112 plantations 12:155 population composition 12:367 population policies 12:384 productivity 12:531 Ricardo, David 13:509 social mobility 14:431 vocational interest testing 16:348 wages 16:397 see also Labor market; Manpower; Workers Labor Foundation (Netherlands) 8:529 Labor-Management Relations Act (U.S. 1947) 8:509 Labor market 8:481 Brentano, Lujo 2:148 income and employment theory 7:123, 128 income distribution: size 7:145 labor force 8:470, 479 liquidity preference 9:402 punishment 13:221 spatial economics: partial equilibrium approach 15:99 wages 16:398 Labor mobility 8:481 automation 1:486 employment and unemployment 5:54 fringe benefits 16:428 labor force 8:481 migration: economic aspects 10:293
migration: social aspects 10:286 spatial economics: partial equilibrium approach 15:98 stratification, social 15:329 workers 16:567 Labor movement collective bargaining 8:493 labor movement, theories of the 8:516 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:523 social movements 14:448 Labour Party (Great Britain) electoral systems 5:11 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:524, 531 Laski, Harold J. 9:32 socialism 14:513, 521, 525 socialist economic thought 4:452 Labor Party (Israel) 11:106, 109, 114 Labor Party (Norway) electoral systems 5:15 LABOR RELATIONS 8:491-516 COLLECTIVE BARGAINING 8:491-
500 STRIKES 8:500-506 SETTLEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES 8:506-510 DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 8:510-516
economy and society 4:505 Holmes, Oliver Wendell 6:492 nationalization 11:74 see also Arbitration—Industrial; Boycotts; Collective bargaining; Industrial disputes; Industrial relations; Lockouts; Mediation, Industrial; Strikes Labor Statistics, Bureau of (U.S.) employment and unemployment 5:54 survey analysis: applications in economics 15:430 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:84 Labor supply: see Labor force Labor theory of value: see Value, Labor theory of LABOR UNIONS 8:516-546 THEORIES OF THE LABOR MOVEMENT 8:516-523
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 j_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
Land reform
INDEX LABOR MOVEMENTS AND COLLECTIVE BARGAINING IN EUROPE
8:523-533 THE STRUCTURE OF UNIONS IN THE UNITED STATES 8:533-540 INFLUENCE ON WAGES 8:540-546
Anglo-American society 1:295 antitrust legislation 1:354, 355 automation 1:486 Brentano, Lujo 2:148 Caribbean society 2:317 civil service 2:499 coalitions 2:533 collective bargaining 8:491 Commons, John R. 3:22 economics 4:483 film (cinema) 5:427 human relations in industry 7:244 inflation and deflation 7:293 Islamic countries 11:93 Jevons, William Stanley 8:258 journalism 8:270 labor force: hours of work 8:487 labor relations: developing countries 8:513, 514 Mayo, Elton 10:83 Middle American society 10:279, 281 music and society 10:572 North Africa 1:131 occupations and careers 11:253 organizations, theories of 11:300 Perlman, Selig 11:585 political machines 12:251 poverty 12:400 Simons, Henry C. 14:261 social control: organizational aspects 14:397 socialism 14:514, 521 sociology of work 7:235 South American society 15:71 strikes 8:503 syndicalism 15:447 Tarde, Gabriel 15:512 teaching 15:564 unemployment insurance 16:188 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:360 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:363, 365 wage and hour legislation 16:419
wages 16:400, 401, 404, 407, 415, 417 Webb, Sidney and Beatrice 16:488 welfare state 16:516 Labriola, Arturo syndicalism 15:449 Lacey, Oliver L. statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:190, 191 Lachman, Ludwig M. Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:123 Lactation eugenics 5:195 La Flesche, Bright Eyes Fletcher, Alice Cunningham 5:492 Lagardelle, Hubert syndicalism 15:449 Lags distributed lags 4:214 inflation and deflation 7:297 monetary policy 10:424 money: quantity theory 10:445 Laing, Ronald psychology, existential 13:81 LAISSEZ-FAIRE 8:546-549 agriculture: marketing 1:248 antitrust legislation 1:350, 351 Bagehot, Walter 1:499 Bastiat, Frederic 2:24 capitalism 2:296 consumer sovereignty 3:327 Gossen, Hermann Heinrich 6:209 Jevons, William Stanley 8:258 Keynes, John Maynard 8:372 liberalism 9:278 Mannheim, Karl 9:560 Misselden, Edward 10:372 Simonde de Sismondi, J. C. L. 14:259 Smith, Adam 14:328 Spencer, Herbert 15:126 Sumner, William Graham 15:406 von Mises, Ludwig 16:380 wage and hour legislation 16:418 workers 16:570 Lakoff, Sanford equality 5:109 Lalanne, Leon central place 2:365 Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Darwin, Charles 4:8 race 13:265
275
Lamas Buddhism 2:175 religious organization 13:432 Lamb, Sydney linguistics 9:357 Lambert, Johann Heinrich Gauss, Carl Friedrich 6:76 Lampman, Robert J. national wealth: distribution 11:61, 62 planning, welfare 12:142 LAMPRECHT, KARL 8:549-550 social history 6:457 Lancaster, Kelvin international trade 8:91 LAND 8:550-562 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 8:550-556 CLASSIFICATION 8:556-562
agriculture: comparative technology 1:202 agriculture: developing countries 1:258 agriculture: production 1:226 capital 2:273 demand and supply 4:103 economic growth 4:409 economics 4:476 geography, economic 6:125 George, Henry 6:152 Islamic countries 11:91 Israel 11:103 landscape 8:578 Loria, Achille 9:474 national wealth: estimation 11:57 rent 13:454 fol. Ricardo, David 13:509, 510 Rodbertus, Johann Karl 13:539 Senior, Nassau William 14:171 spatial economics: partial equilibrium approach 15:97 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:93 urban revolution 16:203 West, Edward 16:527 see also Land tenure Land banks credit, agricultural 3:468 Land-grant colleges 16:195 Land monopoly Oppenheimer, Franz 11:295 Land reform 8:570 Chinese society 2:419
j CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
276
INDEX
Land tenure
Latin American political movements 9:40 Middle American society 10:280 North Africa 1:127 LAND TENURE 8:562-575, 552 INTRODUCTION 8:562-567 AGRICULTURAL TENANCY 8:567-570 LAND REFORM 8:570-575
agriculture: developing countries 1:261 caste 2:341, 342 economic anthropology 4:362 economy, dual 4:498, 499 feudalism 5:393, 396 manorial economy 9:562 fol. Middle American society 10:280 North Africa 1:129 plantations 12:158 Quesnay, Francois 13:246 Southeast Asia 1:431 stratification, social 15:327 see also Land reform; Tenancy, Agricultural Land Utilisation Survey of Britain 8:557 Landa, Diego de Tozzer, Alfred M. 16:117 Landecker, Werner S. integration, cultural 7:376, 378 integration, social 7:381, 384 Landis, Carney emotion 5:37 Landis, Judson T. family: disorganization and dissolution 5:319 Landrum-Griffin'Act (U.S. 1959) labor unions 8:537, 538 LANDSCAPE 8:575-580 geography 6:117, 132, 147 Vidal de la Blache, Paul 16:317 Landschaft landscape 8:577 Lane, Robert E. consensus 3:268
personality, political 12:19 LANG, ANDREW 8:580-581 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:174 LANGE, OSKAR 8:581-584 Langer, Elinor ethical issues in the social sciences 5:163
Langley, P. A. errors in statistical assumptions 5:134 Langlois, Charles Victor Fustel de Coulanges, Numa Denis 6:44 LANGUAGE 9:1-22 THE PSYCHOLOGY OF LANGUAGE
9:1-9 LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT 9:9-14 SPEECH PATHOLOGY 9:14-18 LANGUAGE AND CULTURE 9:18-22
Bloomfield, Leonard 2:97 Boas, Franz 2:101, 104, 105 Caribbean society 2:316 Cassirer, Ernst 2:332 cognitive theory 2:536 communication 3:24, 25, 28 componential analysis 3:186 creativity 3:459 culture history 6:452 developmental psychology 4:141 dramatism 7:445 evolution, human 5:220 folklore 5:498 geography, cultural 6:130 Hale, Horatio 6:307 Indians, North American 7:181 information storage and retrieval 7:302 information theory 7:333 instrumental learning 9:132 intellectual development 7:389, 390, 395 interaction, social 7:437 international organization: administration 8:44 interviewing: social research 8:155 Islamic countries 11:94 Japanese society 8:236 kinesics 8:380 linguistics 9:351 Locke, John 9:469 Mead, George Herbert 10:84, 85 mental disorders: organic aspects 10:137 minorities 10:365, 367 nation 11:11 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:148 Oceanian society 11:256 perception, social 11:572
perception, speech 11:556 pollution 12:338 positivism 12:390 prejudice 12:441 psychology, physiological 13:65 rank-size relations 13:320 reading disabilities 13:334 reasoning and logic 13:344 religion, sociology of 13:412 Saussure, Ferdinand de 14:19 science, philosophy of 14:85 self concept 14:152, 154 semantics and semiotics 14:164 social behavior, primate 14:359 Stern, William 15:262 stratification, social 15:326 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:400 systems analysis 15:453 systems analysis, social 15:470 time: psychological aspects 16:28 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:173 typologies 16:182 value systems 16:290 Whorf, Benjamin L. 16:536 see also Language, Psychology of; Linguistics; Speech pathology Language (Bloomfield) 2:97 Language, Psychology of 9:1 Ebbinghaus, Hermann 4:326 information theory 7:331 Language area culture history 6:452 linguistics 9:363, 364 Language family linguistics 9:362, 364 Language loyalty speech community 9:384 Languages of Pao, The (Vance) 14:476 Lao Tzu Chinese political thought 2:401 Laos refugees: world problems 13:364 Southeast Asia 1:423 La Piere, Richard T. attitudes 1:455 LAPLACE, PIERRE SIMON DE 9:23-27 Bayes, Thomas 2:27 Gauss, Carl Friedrich 6:76, 78 Poisson, Simeon Denis 12:170 sample surveys 13:595
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Lauterpacht, Hersch
statistical method, history of 15:226 von Mises, Richard 16:383 Laplace distributions distributions, special continuous 4:229 order statistics 11:184 Laplace-Gauss distributions: see Normal distributions Laplace transform mathematics 10:70 Laplace's first law of error distributions, special discrete 4:229 Larceny crime: offense patterns 3:480, 482 Large numbers, Law of (law of averages) fallacies, statistical 5:298 Poisson, Simeon Denis 12:170 probability 12:503 probability, formal 12:493, 494 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:250 Largest average (electoral method) 5:13 Larson, Henrietta M. business history 6:476 LASHLEY, KARL S. 9:27-30 instinct 7:370 learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:154 perceptual development 11:536 LASKI, HAROLD J. 9:30-33 Mill, John Stuart 10:344 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:363 Laslett, Peter family: comparative structure 5:310 Laspeyres index 7:158, 160, 166 Lassalle, Ferdinand socialism 14:512 Lasswell, Harold D. authority 1:474 civil-military relations 2:494 communication, mass 3:42, 45, 52 communication, political 3:93 communication, political: international aspects 3:98 content analysis 3:371 decision making: political aspects 4:57, 58, 59 feud 5:389, 391 government 6:215
judicial behavior 8:308 parties, political: party units 11:434 persuasion 12:55 political science 12:291 public law 13:179 socialization, political 14:552 Last-in, first-out procedure accounting 1:17 Latane, Henry A. money: velocity of circulation 10:451 Latency period neurosis 11:164 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:10 Latent class model latent structure 9:34 scaling 14:36 Latent content dreams 4:261, 262 Latent distance model scaling 14:37 Latent functions functional analysis 6:25 Latent parameters latent structure 9:35 Latent profile model scaling 14:37 LATENT STRUCTURE 9:33-38 distributions, mixtures of 4:237 scaling 14:35 social class, measurement of 15:324 statistical identifiability 15:202 Lateran Councils —: Third (1179) public health 13:166 —: Fourth (1215) anti-Semitism 1:346 canon law 2:265 Latifundia Middle American society 10:280 Latin American Free Trade Association integration, regional 7:528 South American society 15:72 LATIN AMERICAN POLITICAL MOVEMENTS 9:38-47 Caribbean society 2:317 caudillismo 2:347 modernization: the bourgeoisie 10:407 South American society 15:66
277
Latin American society agricultural tenancy 8:568 agriculture 1:257 assimilation 1:439 capital movements, private international 8:28 caudillismo 2:347 civil-military relations 2:490 economic growth 4:405 federalism 5:359, 363 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:522, 523 gross national product per capita 4:403 industrial disputes, settlement of 8:510 integration, regional 7:528 jurisprudence 8:337 land: economic aspects 8:551 land reform 8:574 Latin American political movements 9:38 local government 9:455 modernization: the bourgeoisie 10:407, 408 nation 11:12 nuptiality 11:224 population growth 12:379, 380 pseudo-kinship 8:411 see also Caribbean society; Middle American society; South American society Latin language linguistics, historical 9:375, 376, 378 Latin square experiments, design of 5:252 Latter Day Saints, Church of the: see Mormons Lattimore, Owen Asian society 1:437 LAUDERDALE, JAMES MAITLAND 9:47-48 Laughlin, J. Laurence Davenport, Herbert J. 4:16 Laughter humor 7:4 LAUNHARDT, WILHELM 9:48-49 Laurendeau, Monique mental retardation 10:228, 229 Lauterpacht, Hersch adjudication, international 1:54, 55
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
278
INDEX
Lavoisier, Antoine L.
Lavoisier, Antoine L. social research, early history of 13:39 LAW, JOHN 9:78-82 Cantillon, Richard 2:269 LAW 9:49-78 THE SOCIOLOGY OF LAW 9 : 50-59 THE LEGAL SYSTEM 9:59-66 THE LEGAL PROFESSION 9:66-73 LAW AND LEGAL INSTITUTIONS
9:73-78 administrative process 1:68 adoption 1:97, 99 Anglo-American society 1:298 Aquinas, Thomas 1:377 Aristotle 1:410 Austin, John 1:471 Beccaria 2:37 Bentham, Jeremy 2:56 Blackstone, William 2:81, 82 Brandeis, Louis Dembitz 2:143 Cardozo, Benjamin 2:302 censorship 2:358 Chinese political thought 2:402 Cohen, Morris R. 2:541 Coke, Edward 2:550 communication, mass -. control and public policy 3:57 community-society continua 3:176 comparative law and legal systems 9:204 conflict: political aspects 3:230 conflict of interest 3:242 conflict of laws 3:250 consensus 3:262 constitutional law 3:295 corporation 3:396, 398 death and gift taxes 15:556 delinquency 4:75 Duguit, Leon 4:305 duty 4:320 Ehrlich, Eugen 4:540 family 5:314 feud 5:391 Frank, Jerome 5:548 freedom 5:556 gambling 6:59 Gierke, Otto von 6:178 Hauriou, Maurice 6:326 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 6:342 Heller, Hermann 6:344
honor 6:509 hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:24 illegitimacy 7:88 Indian political thought 7:175 international law 7:547 Jellinek, Georg 8:253 journalism 8:271 judicial behavior 8:307 judicial discretion 8:320 judicial process 8:283 judicial process: comparative aspects 8:294 jurisprudence 8:332 justice 8:341 Kantorowicz, Hermann 8:350 Kautilya 8:355 Kelsen, Hans 8:360 legal reasoning 9:197 legislation 9:221 fol. Lippmann, Walter 9:393 Llewellyn, Karl N. 9:440 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:509 Mcllwain, Charles H. 9:511 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:531 Maitland, Frederic William 9:533 military law 10:312 Millar, John 10:348 monarchy 10:413 Montesquieu 10:468, 473 Moore, John Bassett 10:482 natural law 11:80 norms 11:209 pluralism 12:166 police 12:178 political anthropology 12:195 political justice 12:246 political theory 12:326 Pound, Roscoe 12:395 prejudice 12:447 privacy 12:484 probation and parole 11:519 professions 12:539, 541, 543 Protestant political thought 12:603 psychiatry, forensic 12:630 psychology, applied 13:94 public administration 13:145. 152 public law 13:175 public policy 13:205 Radbruch, Gustav 13:282 sanctions 14:1 sanctions, international 14:5 Savigny, Friedrich Carl von 14:21
sexual behavior: social aspects 14:204 social contract 14:378 social control 14:388 sovereignty 15:78, 79 state 15:148, 150 statistics as legal evidence 15:246 Sumner, William Graham 15:408 transportation 16:132 war 16:464 see also Adjudication; Administrative law; Civil law; Comparative law; Constitutional law; Criminal law; Jurisprudence; Legal profession; Legal systems; Philosophy of law; Public law Law, Canon: see Canon law Law, Military -. see Military law Law, Philosophy of: see Philosophy of law Law, Scientific: see Scientific law Law, Sociology of 9:50 Ehrlich, Eugen 4:540 Geiger, Theodor 6:84 Gumplowicz, Ludwig 6:295 Kelsen, Hans 8:365 Pound. Roscoe 12:396 state: the institution 15:149 Law and Opinion (Dicey) 4:160 Law and the Modern Mind (Frank) 5:549
Law enforcement 9:61 capital punishment 2:293 police 12:174 prostitution 12:596 sovereignty 15:78 Law of —: see under latter part, such as Errors, Law of Laiv of Small Numbers, The (Bortkiewicz) 2:128 Law of the Constitution (Dicey) 4:159 Law of War and Peace, The (Grotius) 6:257 Lawler, Edward E. organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:315 Lawley, D. N. factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:276, 278, 279 quantal response 13:243 Lawrence, Paul human relations in industry 7:243
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
League of Yugoslav Communists
INDEX Laws (Plato) 12:162 natural law 11:81 population theories 12:350 Laws, Conflict of: see Conflict of laws Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity (Hooker) 3:322 Lawton, M. P. smoking 14:339 Lawyers 9:68, 71 conflict of laws 3:247 political recruitment and careers 12:279 white-collar crime 3:485 Layoff collective bargaining 8:495 Lazarsfeld, Paul F. communication, mass 3:51 communication, political: international aspects 3:98 friendship 6:16 latent structure 9:33 panel studies 11:371, 377 persuasion 12:55 reason analysis 13:339 scaling 14:37 survey analysis 15:415, 417 typologies 16:183 voting 16:389 Lazarsfeld index panel studies 11:378 Lazarsfeld's continuous models scaling 14:37 Lazarsfeld's linear model scaling 14:37 Lazarus, A. A. behavior therapy 10:189, 191 Leach, Edmund R. anthropology 1:321, 322 culture 3:557 family: comparative structure 5:308 marriage: comparative analysis 10:9, 11, 12 marriage alliance 10:22 LEADERSHIP 9:91-113 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS 9:91-101 SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS 9:101-107 POLITICAL ASPECTS 9:107-113
access to politics 1:11 Bagehot, Walter 1:501 bureaucracy 2:216 civil-military relations 2:487, 491
coalitions 2:529 communism, international 3:127 communism, national 3:115 community development 3:171 community power 3:158, 160 crisis government 3:514 decision making: political aspects 4:57 democracy 4:119 elites 5:26 empires 5:42 fascism 5:336 federalism 5:359 field theory 5:410 group behavior 6:271 group formation 6:280 group performance 6:291 groups 6:261 groups: role structure 6:286 human relations in industry 7:242, 243 individual psychology 7:217 industrial and business psychology 7:227 interaction: social exchange 7:456 interaction and personality 7:464 interaction process analysis 7:468 interest groups 7:487 international organization: administration 8:44 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:35 Israel 11:104 Japanese society 8:245 local politics 9:460 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:510 mass society 10:60, 63 mental disorders, treatment of: group psychotherapy 10:186 Michels, Robert 10:266 fol. militarism 10:302, 304 millenarism 10:351, 359 modernization: political aspects 10:400 Oceanian society 11:263 oligarchy 11:283 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:317 Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. 11:349 parties, political: party units 11:432 political clubs 12:215 political culture 12:221, 222
279
political efficacy 12:227 political executive 12:230 political process 12:267 political recruitment and careers 12:281 political sociology 12:303 professions 12:545 religious organization 13:429 religious specialists: sociological study 13:446, 449 responsibility 13:499 revolution 13:503, 504 social control: organizational aspects 14:397, 399 social movements 14:442, 443, 444 social structure 14:485 sociology of work 7:233 sociometry 15:54 stateless society 15:165, 166 totalitarianism 16:111 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:359 Weber, Max 16:499 see also Elites; Supervision League of Nations balance of power 1:508 collective security 2:565 integration, functional 7:536 international crimes 7:516 international organization: administration 8:41 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:33, 37 isolationism 8:218 nation 11:9 refugees: world problems 13:368 sanctions, international 14:6, 7 trusteeship 16:159 fol. war 16:454, 458 League of Nations, Covenant of the constitutions and constitutionalism 3:325 integration, functional 7:536 sanctions, international 14:6 trusteeship 16:160 war 16:453 League of the Iroquois Indians, North American 7:195 nativism and revivalism 11:76 League of Yugoslav Communists 3:117
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
280
INDEX
League to Enforce Peace, The
League to Enforce Peace, The 1:175 Learned societies 16:193 LEARNING 9:113-188 INTRODUCTION 9:114-126 CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
9:126-
130 INSTRUMENTAL LEARNING 9:130-
135 REINFORCEMENT 9 : 135-143 DISCRIMINATION LEARNING 9:143148
AVOIDANCE LEARNING 9:148-154 NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
9:154-160 VERBAL LEARNING 9:160-168 TRANSFER 9:168-173 ACQUISITION OF SKILL 9:173-177 LEARNING IN CHILDREN 9:177-182 PROGRAMMED LEARNING 9:182-188
achievement testing 1:34 adult education 1:100 aggression 1:170 aging: psychological aspects 1:181 communication, mass: effects 3:88 communication, political 3:92 concept formation 3:206 conflict: psychological aspects 3:222 drives, acquired 4:280, 282, 283 drives, physiological 4:279 educational psychology 4:537 electroconvulsive shock 5:22 ethology 5:187 evolution, human 5:220 factor analysis: psychological applications 5:284 forgetting 5:536, 538 gestalt theory 6:164, 169 Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:296, 299 homeostasis 6:500 Hovland, Carl I. 6:529 Hull, Clark L. 6:536 imitation 7:96 imprinting 7:113 individual differences 7:201 infant development 7:279, 281 instinct 7:371 intellectual development 7:389, 394 interviewing, therapeutic 8:174 Kohler, Wolfgang 8:439
mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222 models, mathematical 10:384 Montessori, Maria 10:477 motivation 10:512 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:10, 12 pollution 12:338 prejudice 12:441, 443 problem solving 12:507 psychology, comparative 13:54, 56 psychology, physiological 13:64 race 13:267 radiation 13:291 reading disabilities 13:333 reasoning and logic 13:347 sexual deviation: social aspects 14:216 simulation: individual behavior 14:264 sleep 14:317 social behavior, animal 14:343 socialization 14:535, 543, 546, 551, 552, 554, 558 stimulation drives 15:270 systems analysis, psychological 15:490 teaching 15:560 thinking 15:608, 613 Tolman, Edward C. 16:97 Woodworth, Robert S. 16:563 workers 16:567 see also Attention; Avoidance learning; Classical conditioning; Discrimination learning; Instrumental learning; Programmed learning; Reinforcement; Skill, Acquisition of; Transfer of training; Verbal learning Learning curve 9:118 Learning set 9:147, 195 LEARNING THEORY 9:189-197 adolescence 1:92 anxiety 1:359, 363, 364 attitudes 1:460 behavior therapy 10:190 concept formation 3:206 gambling 6:55 gestalt theory 6:164 Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:298, 300 Hull, Clark L. 6:535 mental disorders: experimental study 10:165
mental retardation 10:231 models, mathematical 10:380 motivation, human 10:515, 516 simulation: individual behavior 14:262 socialization 14:546 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:10 Leasing agricultural tenancy 8:569 Least effort, Principle of rank-size relations 13:320 Least squares estimators errors in statistical assumptions 5:136 sample surveys 13:611 simultaneous equation estimation 14:282, 286, 287, 289 Least squares method Fisher, R. A. 5:490 Gauss, Carl Friedrich 6:76, 77, 78 Cosset, William Sealy 6:211 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:25 linear hypotheses: regression 9:310, 311, 312, 313, 316, 318 Pearson, Karl 11:500 point estimation 5:146 quantal response 13:238 simultaneous equation estimation 14:290, 293 statistical analysis, special problems of: outliers 15:179, 180, 181 statistical method, history of 15:225, 227 statistics 15:209 time series 16:54, 55 time series: advanced problems 16:67 Lebanon 11:90 socialization 14:548 Lebenswelt (philosophy) Husserl, Edmund 7:29 Lebesgue integral 10:67 LE BON, GUSTAVE 9:82-84 collective behavior 2:561 Ledesma Ramos, Ramiro falangism 5:288 Leeuw, Gerardus van der: see Van der Leeuw, Gerardus religion, sociology of 13:408 Legal aid societies 8:300 Legal evidence: see Evidence, Legal
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~J j_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
Legislatures
INDEX Legal positivism Austin, John 1:471 Blackstone, William 2:83 conflict of laws 3:249 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 6:342 Heller, Hermann 6:344 international law 7: 548 jurisprudence 8:335 Kantorowicz, Hermann 8:351 Legal profession 9:66 judicial administration 8:298 judicial process 8:283 law: the legal system 9:62 legal reasoning 9:198 political recruitment and careers 12:279 see also Lawyers Legal realism common law systems 9:212, 213 Frank, Jerome 5:549 judicial behavior 8:308 judicial process 8:284 Llewellyn, Karl N. 9:440 LEGAL REASONING 9:197-204 Cardozo, Benjamin 2:303 Cohen, Morris R. 2:541 LEGAL SYSTEMS 9:204-221 COMPARATIVE LAW AND LEGAL SYSTEMS 9:204-210 COMMON LAW SYSTEMS 9:211-214 CODE LAW SYSTEMS 9:214-217 SOCIALIST LEGAL SYSTEMS—SOVIET
LAW 9:217-221 administrative law 1: 79 Austin, John 1:471 Brecht, Arnold 2:145 conflict of laws 3:246, 251 criminal law 3:497 fol. federalism 5:358 Frank, Jerome 5:548 international law 7:547 Kelsen, Hans 8:361, 363, 364 legal profession 9:69 legal reasoning 9:200 legal systems 9:59 legislation 9:230 Montesquieu 10:472 police 12:178 state 15:149 see also Law Legal tender 10:427
Legalism Chinese political thought 2:401 political science 12:289, 290 Legality (rule of law) 9:61 administrative process 1:68 Dicey, Albert Venn 4:159, 160 Duguit, Leon 4:306 international legislation 7:556 judicial discretion 8:320 law, sociology of 9:52, 53, 55 legislation 9:225 liberalism 9:278 Locke, John 9:466 Weber, Max 16:499, 500 Legend 5:497 LEGISLATION 9:221-243 NATURE AND FUNCTIONS 9:221-232 LEGISLATURES 9:232-237 LEGISLATIVE BEHAVIOR 9:237-243
administration 1:62 antitrust legislation 1:350 budgeting 2:186 canon law 2:266 collective bargaining 8:492 common law systems 9:211 consumer sovereignty 3:333 crisis government 3:515 discrimination, economic 4:209 Duguit, Leon 4:305, 307 export subsidies and dumping 8:122 international legislation 7:552 judicial process 8:288 labor unions in the United States 8:539 licensing, occupational 9:283 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:531 Montesquieu 10:471 patents 11:463 philanthropy 12:74 political financing 12:236 population policies 12:382 presidential government 12:452 fol. propaganda 12:587 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:280 race relations: world perspectives 13:276 representational behavior 13:475 resale price maintenance 13:482 strikes 8:504
281
welfare state 16:516 workmen's compensation 16:572 see also Legislative behavior; Legislatures Legislation, Antitrust: see Antitrust legislation Legislation, International: see International legislation Legislation, Wage and hour: see Wage and hour legislation Legislative behavior 9:237, 235 decision making: political aspects 4:57 elections 5:13 law, sociology of 9:56 legislation: nature and functions 9:228 personality, political 12:18 political behavior 12:206 political efficacy 12:227 rules of the game 13:573 simulation: political processes 14:276 social contract 14:380 water resources 16:483 Legislative-executive relations delegation of powers 4:72 legislation 9:224, 228 legislatures 9:234 parliamentary government 11:419 political executive 12:231 Legislative game simulation: political processes 14:276 Legislatures 9:232 adjudication, domestic 1:47 administrative function 1:63, 64 budgeting as a political process 2:195 constitutional law 3:296 decision making: political aspects 4:60 delegation of powers 4:72 electoral systems 5:11 judicial process 8:283, 290 legislation: nature and functions 9:226 legislative behavior 9:240, 242 parliamentary government 11:424 political executive 12:229 political theory 12:316 representation 13:464 rules of the game 13:573
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
282
INDEX
Legitimacy
systems analysis, political 15:476 LEGITIMACY 9:244-248 adoption 1:97 authority 1:474 canon law 2:265 charisma 2:387 commissions, government 3:14 consensus 3:267 democracy 4:112 dictatorship 4:165 elections 5:6 empires 5:43, 45 general will 6:86 government 6:226 ideology and the social system 7:82 integration, global 7:529 interaction: social exchange 7:456 interest groups 7:490 law, sociology of 9:53 leadership: political aspects 9:109 marriage: comparative analysis 10:9 marriage: family formation 10:2 monarchy 10:413, 414 political culture 12:222 political executive 12:233 political science 12:287 social contract 14:380 social institutions: comparative study 14:424 state 15:146 stateless society 15:161 stratification, social 15:292 Lehmann, E. L. goodness of fit 6:202, 204, 205 hypothesis testing 7:45 Lehmer, D. H. random numbers 13:312 Lehrman, Daniel S. instinct 7:371 psychology, comparative 13:54 Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm von game theory: theoretical aspects 6:62 Leighly, John geography, cultural 6:132 Leighton, Alexander H. internment and custody 8:146 Leiserson, Avery political machines 12:249
LEISURE 9:248-254
aging: social aspects 1:193 capital, human 2:282 collective bargaining 8:496 communication, mass: television 3:65 consumer behavior 3:350 fringe benefits 16:425 income distribution: size 7:146 labor force: hours of work 8:487, 490 labor force: participation 8:475, 476, 477, 479 Tarde, Gabriel 15:512 utility 16:249 utopianism 16:273 Veblen, Thorstein 16:306 workers 16:568 Leites, Nathan communication, mass 3:46, 52 personality, political 12:18 Lemurs evolution, primate 5:211 Lend-lease foreign aid: economic aspects 5:522 Lender of last resort banking, central 2:2, 6 LENIN 9:254-260 agriculture: social organization 1:211 capitalism 2:298 colonialism: economic aspects 3:8 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:57 communication, political 3:94 communism, international 3:119 communism, national 3:112 communism, Soviet 3:103, 104 imperialism 7:101, 102 international relations: ideological aspects 8:73 labor unions 8:521 Lukacs, Gyorgy 9:489 Marxism 10:43 propaganda 12:579 social class 15:301 socialism 14:516, 517 socialist economic thought 4:451 syndicalism 15:450 Trotsky, Leon 16:156, 157 war 16:462
Leninism Chinese society 2:416 communism, Soviet 3:104, 107 government 6:219, 220 Lenin 9:257 Lukacs, Gyorgy 9:489 Marxism 10:43, 44 revolution 13:506 socialist legal systems 9:217 Lenneberg, Eric H. perception, social 11:572 Lennep, D. J. van body image 2:115 Lenoir, Marcel demand and supply: econometric studies 4:106 Lenski, Gerhard E. religion, sociology of 13:412 social class 15:313, 317 status, social 15:253 Leoni, Bruno representational systems 13:470 Leontief, Wassily W. aggregation 1:164, 165 econometrics 4:354 economic equilibrium 4:387 input-output analysis 7:353 international trade 8:89 spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:102 LE PLAY, FREDERIC 9:84-91 anthropology 1:331 family: comparative structure 5:306, 310 Geddes, Patrick 6:82 geography, social 6:136 social research, early history of 15:48 sociology 15:7, 9 Tourville, Henri de 16:113 Leprosy public health 13:166 Leptomorphs psychology, constitutional 13:68 Lepyoshkin, A. I. constitutions and constitutionalism 3:325 Lerner, A. P. consumer's surplus 3:357 Lerner, Daniel coalitions 2:533
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INDEX
Lexis ratio
Lerner, Melvin J. personality measurement: situational tests 12:52 Lesbianism homosexuality 14:228, 231 prostitution 12:596 social deviation: social aspects 14:219 Lesions, Cerebral Broca, Paul 2:154 motivation 10:510 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:155 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:146, 148 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:241 psychology, physiological 13:61 Leslie, Charles world view 16:578 LESLIE, T. E. CLIFFE 9:260-261 Lessa, William A. religious specialists: anthropological study 13:439, 440 Leur, J. C. van historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:426 Southeast Asia 1:424, 426, 427 Levalloisian culture Breuil, Henri 2:151 LEVASSEUR, EMILE 9:261-263 Level of significance: see Significance level Levellers equality 5:109 Levenstein, Adolf social research, early history of 15:50 Leverage business management 2:252 Leviathan (Hobbes) 6:482 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:322 Durkheim, Emile 4:312 sovereignty 15:79 Levine, Jacob humor 7:6 Levine, Robert A. conflict: anthropological aspects 3:240 ethnology 5:184 socialization, political 14:553
Levine, Seymour infancy: the effects of early experience 7:286 Levinson, Harold M. inflation and deflation 7:299 Levirate McLennan, John Ferguson 9:517 marriage: comparative analysis 10:14 Levi-Strauss, Claude anthropology 1:312 anthropology, comparative method in 1:341, 344 anthropology, social 1:321 culture 3:538 family: comparative structure 5:307 interaction: social exchange 7:455 kinship 8:395, 398 knowledge, sociology of 8:431 magic 9:522, 525 marriage alliance 10:20 Mauss, Marcel 10:80 myth and symbol 10:579 religion: anthropological study 13:405 ritual 13:524 Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:569 social institutions: comparative study 14:424 social structure 14:486, 487 stateless society 15:165 Levitt, Theodore consumer research 9:574 Levy, Marion, Jr. community-society continua 3:179 family: comparative structure 5:303 societal analysis 14:570 Levy, Paul statistical method, history of 15:227 LEVY-BRUHL, LUCIEN 9:263-266 pollution 12:337, 340 Radin, Paul 13:301 religion: anthropological study 13:404 LEWIN, KURT 9:266-271 adolescence 1:93 attitude change 1:459 cohesion, social 2:542 conflict: psychological aspects 3:221
283
decision making: psychological aspects 4:34 developmental psychology 4:139 field theory 5:406 group behavior 6:275 group performance 6:290 groups 6:259 human relations in industry 7:242 industrial relations: the sociology of work 7:233 interaction, social 7:436 mental retardation 10:238 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:315 personality 11:589, 591, 599, 603 persuasion 12:56 sanctions 14:5 social psychology 14:464 socialization: psychological aspects 14:536 systems analysis, psychological 15:492 thinking 15:611 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:374 Lewin-Kounin theory of rigidity mental retardation 10:238 Lewis, Hylan class culture 15:335 Lewis, Oscar community-society continua 3:177 stratification, social: class culture 15:335 Lewis, W. Arthur economic growth 4:416 electoral systems 5:18 modernization: social aspects 10:388 Lewis-Faning, E. fertility 5:375 Lexemes language and culture 9:21 Lexicostatistics Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:456 Lexington Hospital (Kentucky): see Public Health Service Hospital LEXIS, WILHELM 9:271-276 Bortkiewicz, Ladislaus von 2:129 counted data 3:424 statistical method, history of 15:229 Lexis ratio 9:273
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284
INDEX
Lexis series
Lexis series 9:272 Liabilities accounting 1:16 banking 1:518 consumer assets 3:343 national wealth: estimation 11:51 fol. Liability administrative law 1:83 criminal law 3:497 legal reasoning 9:200 Liberal Party (Great Britain) Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. 11:349 LIBERALISM 9:276-282 conservatism 3:292 democracy 4:116 fascism 5:335, 339 freedom 5:557 government 6:216 Hobbes, Thomas 6:485 international relations: ideological aspects 8:72 isolationism 8:218 Knight, Frank H. 8:426 Lippmann, Walter 9:393 local politics 9:463 Middle American society 10:276 militarism 10:304 Smith, Adam 14:328 society 14:582 Liberty Acton, J. E. E. D. 1:40 constitutional law: civil liberties 3:307 Croce, Benedetto 3:518 liberalism 9:276 MiU, John Stuart 10:343 Montesquieu 10:472 Quesnay, Francois 13:245 Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:566 Spinoza 15:136 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:92 see also Freedom Liberty of the Press (Mill) 2:476 Libido Abraham, Karl 1:2, 3 affection 1:122 analytical psychology 1:275 anxiety 1:358 character disorders 2:379 conflict: psychological aspects 3:221 Homey, Karen 6:513
Jung, Carl Gustav 8:328 neurosis 11:162 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:243 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:14, 16, 27 Librarians 7:314, 316 Libraries 7:314, 301 reference materials and books 7:318 Licensing adjudication 1:47 communication, mass: control and public policy 3: 56 consumer sovereignty 3:332 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:125 patents 11:469 regulation of industry 13:395 LICENSING, OCCUPATIONAL 9:283-285 accounting 1:20 medical care: economic aspects 10:101 Licensing Act (England 1662) censorship 2:357 Liebeault, Ambroise-Auguste Charcot, Jean Martin 2:385 Lieben, Richard 1:470 Lieber, Francis military law 10:317 Liebknecht, Wilhelm socialism 14:520 Liebling, A. J. historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:382 Lieuwen, Edwin caudillismo 2:348, 349 Life and Labour of the People in London (Booth) 2:124 Life contingencies Moivre, Abraham de 10:410 LIFE CYCLE 9:286-292 aging 1:178, 187, 191, 197 consumer assets 3:345, 347 consumer behavior 3:351 consumption levels and standards 3:337 income distribution: size 7:146 labor force: participation 8:474 Oceanian society 11:263
personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:8 social behavior, animal: the regulation of animal populations 14:360 socialization, adult 14:555, 558 time: social organization 16:37 time budgets 16:44 time series: cycles 16:76 wages 16:407 Life expectancy life tables 9:293 mortality 10:501 Life insurance consumer assets 3:345 fringe benefits 16:426 statistical method, history of 15:226 Life space adolescence 1:93 field theory 5:406 Lewin, Kurt 9:267, 268, 269 personality, political 12:16 social psychology 14:463 Life style: see Style of life LIFE TABLES 9:292-299 Bortkiewicz, Ladislaus von 2:128 Graunt, John 6:254 Korosy, Jozsef 8:446 Moivre, Abraham de 10:410 mortality 10:499, 501 population: the field of demography 12:342, 348 social research, early history of 15:41 statistical method, history of 15:226 Life testing distributions, statistical: mixtures of distributions 4:237 quality control 13:233 Light color vision and color blindness 16:329, 332 vision 16:325 visual defects 16:337 LIKELIHOOD 9:299-301 Bayesian inference 1:30 point estimation 5:146 sequential analysis 14:189, 191 Likelihood axiom 9:299 Likelihood function 9:299 Bayesian inference 2:29
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Linguistics
INDEX Likelihood principle 9:299 Likelihood ratio 9:299, 300 sequential analysis 14:189 Likelihood ratio tests counted data 3:426 goodness of fit 6:202 hypothesis testing 7:44 multivariate analysis 10:534 Wilks, S. S. 16:551 Likert, Rensis administration: administrative behavior 1:75 human relations in industry 7:242 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:315 Lilienthal, David technical assistance 15:570 Limbic system emotion 5:39 mental disorders: biological aspects 10:140 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:148 Limen: see Threshold Liminal phenomena myth and symbol 10:576 Limit distributions order statistics 11:184 Limited-information methods simultaneous equation estimation 14:286, 290, 293 LIMITED WAR 9:301-307 international relations 8:65 nuclear war 11:221 strategy 15:286 Limits mathematics 10:66 Limits, Method of psychophysics 13:121 Lincoln, Abraham natural rights 11:89 presidential government 12:452 Lindahl, Erik public expenditures 13:158 Lindberg, Leon integration, functional 7:538 Lindblom, Charles E. systems analysis, political 15:475 Lindegard, Bengt psychology, constitutional 13:69 Lindesmith, Alfred R. national character 11:17
Lindman, Harold decision making: psychological aspects 4:37 LINDSAY, A. D. 9:307-309 general will 6:87 Lindsley, Donald B. drives, psychological 4:278 Lineage descent groups 8:403 kinship 8:396 marriage: comparative analysis 10:10, 13 sub-Saharan African society 1:144 see also Descent groups; Genealogy; Matrilineage; Patrilineage Linear combinations linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:341 Linear discriminant function multivariate analysis: classification and discrimination 10:556 LINEAR HYPOTHESES 9:310-351 REGRESSION 9:310-324 ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE 9:324-336 MULTIPLE COMPARISONS 9:337-351
econometric models, aggregate 4:346 statistical analysis, special problems of: outliers 15:179 statistics 15:213 see also Analysis of variance; Multiple comparisons; Regression Linear programming business management 2:254 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:110 Divisia, Frangois 4:241 econometrics 4:357 input-output analysis 7:352 inventory control theory 8:183 mathematics 10:69 production 12:515 programming 12:553 regional science 13:386 spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:105 von Neumann, John 16:386 Linear regression linear hypotheses: analysis of variance 9:331
285
linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:348 linear hypotheses: regression 9:310, 313 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:541 Linear structures causation 2:352 Linear systematic statistics nonparametric statistics: order statistics 11:185 Linear transformations mathematics 10:72 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:187 Lirigayat (sect) 6:362 Lingua franca 9: 363 Linguistic borrowing: see Borrowing, Linguistic Linguistic geography 9:360, 380 Linguistic Society of America 9:351 Bloomfield, Leonard 2:97 LINGUISTICS 9:351-386 THE FIELD 9:351-371 HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS 9:371-380 THE SPEECH COMMUNITY 9:381— 386 anthropology 1:306 fol., 309, 312, 317 area studies 1:404 Bloomfield, Leonard 2:95 Boas, Franz 2:104, 105 cognitive theory 2: 536 communication 3:28 componential analysis 3:186 culture history 6:452 ethnography 5:175 Hale, Horatio 6:306 information theory 7:334 kinesics 8:381 kinship 8:392, 398 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:456 language, psychology of 9:2, 7 language and culture 9:18 magic 9:525 modern society, anthropological studies of 1:336 Oceanian society 11:257 Radin, Paul 13:302 Sapir, Edward 14:13 Saussure, Ferdinand de 14:19
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286
INDEX
Linguistics, Descriptive
Schmidt, Wilhelm 14:57 semantics and semiotics 14:164 social science fiction 14:476 social structure 14:487 Whorf, Benjamin L. 16:536 see also Language Linguistics, Descriptive: see Descriptive linguistics Linguistics, Diachronic: see Diachronic linguistics Linguistics, Historical: see Historical linguistics Linguistics, Structural: see Structural linguistics Linguistics, Synchronic: see Synchronic linguistics Linguistics, Transformational: see Transformational linguistics Linguistics Association of Great Britain 9:351 Link-relative method time series: seasonal adjustment 18:82 Linne, Carl von physical anthropology 12:86 race 13:264 typologies 16:182 LINTON, RALPH 9:386-390 acculturation 1:22 integration, cultural 7:374 national character 11:16 nativism and revivalism 11:76 role: sociological aspects 13:552 socialization: anthropological aspects 14:546 status, social 15:250 Lippert, Julius Sumner, William Graham 15:407 Lippitt, Ronald field theory 5:410 LIPPMANN, WALTER 9:391-394 communication, mass 3:48 political behavior 12:204 political science 12:291 public interest 13:172, 174 stereotypes 15:259 Wallas, Graham 16:442 Lipps, Theodor perception, person 11:563 sympathy and empathy 15:445 Lipset, Seymour Martin consensus 3:267 Michels, Robert 10:268
personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:22 social movements 14:450 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:370, 376 Lipsey, R. G. international trade 8:91 Liquid assets banking 1:518 consumer assets 3:342, 347 consumption function 3:366 installment credit 7:358 money 10:427, 428 Liquidity banking 1:515, 519 banking, central 2:9 interest 7:483 international monetary organization 8:23 monetary reform 10:426 money 10:427 securities markets 14:136 LIQUIDITY PREFERENCE 9:394409 income and employment theory 7:126 interest 7:480, 483 investment decision 8:200 Keynes, John Maynard 8:370 money 10:428 money: quantity theory 10:438, 439 Liquidity trap economics 4:482 income and employment theory 7:128, 129 liquidity preference 9:396, 397, 399 monetary policy 10:423 Lissak, K. learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:157 Lissner, Kate field theory 5:408 Lewin, Kurt 9:267 LIST, FRIEDRICH 9:409-412 Historical School 4:455 planning, social 12:125 LITERACY 9:412-417 adult education 1:101 communication, mass 3:70 democracy 4:119 education and society 4:518
Islamic countries 11:90 population composition 12:369 stratification, social 15:327 time: social organization 16:40 urban revolution 16:205 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:209 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:219 see also Illiteracy Literary criticism historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:382 literature, sociology of 9:422, 417 LITERATURE 9:417-440 THE SOCIOLOGY OF LITERATURE
9:417-425 THE PSYCHOLOGY OF LITERATURE
9:425-430 POLITICAL FICTION 9:430-440
honor 6:510 social science fiction 14:473 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:94 Literature, Psychology of 9:425 dreams 4:262 fantasy 5:327 Literature, Sociology of 9:417 communication, mass 3:47 drama 4:256 intellectuals 7:410 Literature, Statistical analysis of content analysis 3:373 errors, nonsampling 5:128 Litigation judicial process 8:288 legal system 9:63 Little, I. M. D. welfare economics 16:506, 509 Little tradition: see Great traditionlittle tradition Litvinov, Maxim aggression 1:176 Litwak, Eugene reference groups 13:356 Liu, Ta-chung statistical identifiability 15:205 Liu Chih-chi historiography, Chinese 6:400 Liu Hsieh historiography, Chinese 6:400 Livelihood and Poverty (Bowley & Burnett-Hurst) 2:135
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Logit transformation
INDEX Ljungberg, L. mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:129 LLEWELLYN, KARL N. 9:440-441 adjudication, domestic 1:48 judicial behavior 8:308 judicial process: comparative aspects 8:292 sanctions 14:2 Loader computation 3:198 Loadings, Factor: see Factor loadings Loans banking 1:518, 520, 521 credit, agricultural 3:466 credit, government 3:461 fol. development banks 4:135 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:434 fiscal policy 5:467 fiscal policy, wartime 5:474 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:521, 526 installment credit 7:361 interest 7:471 local finance 9:450 markets and industries 9:580 LOBBYING 9:441-446 interest groups 7:490 legislative behavior 9:238 organizations: organizational intelligence 11:322 Lobotomy drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:294 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:204 LOCAL FINANCE 9:446-451 property taxes 15:545 LOCAL GOVERNMENT 9:451-459 centralization and decentralization 2:373 Chinese society 2:413 city 2:459 commissions, government 3:13 communism, Soviet 3:108 community development 3:172 land reform 8:573 legislation 9:224 local finance 9:446 local politics 9:459 political machines 12:248 property taxes 15:545
taxation 15:521 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:375 Webb, Sidney and Beatrice 16:489 LOCAL POLITICS 9:459-464 city 2:459 community power 3:160 lobbying 9:444 local government 9:451 police 12:177 political financing 12:240 political machines 12:248 Localization nervous system: brain structure and function 11:147 psychology, physiological 13:65 Locarno treaties (1925) international conflict resolution 7:511 Location land: classification 8:560 land: economic aspects 8:554 rent 13:458 Location and dispersion 15:232 see also Dispersion Location theory central place 2:365 economic growth 4:398 international trade 8:84 Launhardt, Wilhelm 9:49 regional science 13:383 spatial economics: the partial equilibrium approach 15:95 specialization and exchange 15:113 Usher, Abbott P. 16:224 Weber, Alfred 16:491 LOCKE, JOHN 9:464-471 Burke, Edmund 2:221 civil disobedience 2:476 constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:301 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:322 delegation of powers 4:72 Durkheim, Emile 4:312 educational psychology 4:533 equality 5:102 evolution and behavior 5:237 Hartley, David 6:325 legitimacy 9:246 majority rule 9:536 natural law 11:84 natural rights 11:86, 87
287
Quesnay, Francois 13:245 social contract 14:376 fol. society 14:578 utilitarianism 16:230, 234 Lockouts labor relations: strikes 8:501 LoDagaa people time: social organization 16:34 Loeb, Jacques psychology, comparative 13:51 Loevinger, Jane personality 11:594 Logarithmic family of transformations statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:188 Logarithmic normal distributions: see Lognormal distributions Logarithmic series distributions: see Fisher distributions Logic Aristotle 1:408 Bosanquet, Bernard 2:132 Cohen, Morris R. 2:540 concept formation 3:209 decision making: economic aspects 4:42 fallacies, statistical 5:292 Jevons, William Stanley 8:259 Keynes, John Neville 8:377 legal reasoning 9:199 myth and symbol 10:579 positivism 12:390 probability 12:498 reasoning and logic 13:344 see also Reasoning Logical empiricism: see Logical positivism Logical positivism 12:389 Logistic distributions 4:229 Logistic function quantal response 13:239 time series 16:49 Logistic transformation statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:189 Logit transformation statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:189
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
288
INDEX
Lognormal curves
Lognormal curves distributions, approximations to 4:232 Lognormal distributions (GaltonMcAllister distributions; Gibrat distributions; Logarithmic normal distributions) 4:229 income distribution: size 7:151 quality control, statistical: reliability and life testing 13:236 size distributions in economics 14:295 Lombard Street (Bagehot) 1:499 LOMBROSO, CESARE 9:471-473 criminology 3:506 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:87 London, Jack literature: political fiction 9:433 Londoner v. City and County of Denver (1908) adjudication, domestic 1:47 Lonely Crowd, The (Riesman) leisure 9:252 Long cycles Kondratieff, N. D. 8:443 Spiethoff, Arthur 15:132 Long run competition 3:184 interest 7:479 Marshall, Alfred 10:27 Long-tailed distributions errors in statistical assumptions 5:133 statistical analysis, special problems of: outliers 15:180 Long waves: see Long cycles Longacre, William A. archeology 1:384 LONGFIELD, SAMUEL MOUNTIFORT 9:473-474 Longitudinal analysis attitudes 1:460 cohort analysis 2:550 Loomis, Charles P. community-society continua 3:176 social class, measurement of 15:319 Lopez War war 16:458, 459 Lord of the Flies (Golding) 9:432 Lordosis sexual behavior, animal 14:195
Lorenz, Konrad Z. aggression 1:168 ethology 5:186 imprinting 7:110, 111 instinct 7:367 Lorenz, Ottokar generations 6:89 periodization 11:583 Lorenz curve graphic presentation 6:247 income distribution: size 7:152 industrial concentration 7:219 see also Concentration curves LORIA, ACHILLE 9:474-475 Losch, August area 1:400 central place 2:365 spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:103 Loss-leader selling resale price maintenance 13:482 Losses (statistics) decision theory 4:63, 64, 65 point estimation 5:148 LOTKA, ALFRED J. 9:475-476 population: the field of demography 12:343 Lotus of the Good Law Sutra 2:172, 179, 181 LOTZE, HERMANN 9:476-478 Miiller, Georg Elias 10:524 Wundt, Wilhelm 16:581 LOUIS, P. C. A. 9:478-479 Lounsbury, Floyd G. kinship 8:396 Louvre art and society 5:445 Love affection 1:121 instrumental learning 9:132 life cycle 9:290 marriage: family formation 10:4 see also Affection Lovejoy, Arthur O. intellectual history 6:465 LOWELL, A. LAWRENCE 9:479480 political opinion 13:200 Lowenthal, Leo communication, mass 3:46 Lower class class culture 15:334
delinquency: psychological aspects 4:90 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222, 223, 224 mental retardation 10:245 Middle American society 10:282 moral development 10:491 prostitution 12:595 social control 14:387 social research, early history of 15:43 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:91 see also Proletariat; Working class Lower Paleolithic Breuil, Henri 2:151 Lowes, John L. literature, psychology of 9:426 Lowi, Theodore J. commissions, government 3:17 LOWIE, ROBERT H. 9:480-483 Cooper, John M. 3:383 ethnohistory 6:441 kinship 8:393 modern society, anthropological study of 1:331 political anthropology 12:191 Sapir, Edward 14:13 LOYALTY 9:484-487 civil disobedience 2:484 educational organization 4:531 feudalism 5:395 identity, psychosocial 7:63 international organization: administration 8:43 international relations: psychological aspects 8:78 Japanese society 8:247 nation 11:7, 10 peace 11:490 privacy 12:484 Luba kingdoms North African society 1:145 LUBBOCK, JOHN 9:487-488 Lubell, Samuel isolationism 8:219 Luce, G. H. historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:426 Luce, R. Duncan coalitions 2:527 decision making: economic aspects 4:45
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Machiavellism
INDEX information theory 7:332 scaling 14:31 Ludic behavior motivation, human 10:518 Lugbara (people) theology, primitive 15:607 LUKACS, GYORGY 9:488-492 literature, sociology of 9:418 Marxist sociology 10:49, 50 Lukoff, Irving F. blindness 2:90 Lun-heng (Wang Ch'ung) Chinese political thought 2:403 LUNDBERG, GEORGE 9:492-494 statistics 15:220 time budgets 16:43, 44 Luo (people) sub-Saharan African society 1:148 Luria, Isaac millenarism 10:358 Luriia, A. R. mental retardation 10:235 Lustman, Seymour L. character disorders 2:380 LUTHER, MARTIN 9:494-496 anti-Semitism 1:347 Christianity 2:437 Erasmus 5:112 Protestant political thought 12:598 religion, sociology of 13:411 Luxembourg national wealth: estimation 11:58 sales and excise taxes 15:552 societies, small 14:576 LUXEMBURG, ROSA 9:496-498 imperialism 7:102 socialism 14:517, 520 Lyceum adult education 1:101 Lyell, Charles anthropology 1:309 Darwin, Charles 4:9 Lynd, Helen M. community power 3:157 modern society, anthropological study of 1:331 Lynd, Robert S. community power 3:157 modern society, anthropological study of 1:331
social class 15:309 sociology 15:10 Lyons, Joseph psychology, existential 13:80 Lysergic acid diethylamide: see LSD
M MA: see Mental age MAO: see Monoamine oxide M-F: see Masculinity-femininity scale ML: see Maximum likelihood MMPI: see Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory MST: see Miniature Situations Test M-test: see Bartlett's test MVII: see Minnesota Vocational Interest Inventory MZ: see Monozygotic twins MaTuan-lin (c. 1250-1325) historiography, Chinese 6:401 Maas, Henry adoption 1:99 Mably, Gabriel Bonnet de socialist economic thought 4:446 Macao refugees: world problems 13:365 MacArthur, Robert H. rank-size relations 13:322 McCarthy, Philip J. index numbers: sampling 7:167 McCarty, Harold H. geography, statistical 6:149 Macaulay, Frederick R. time series: seasonal adjustment 16:82 MACAULAY, THOMAS BABINGTON 9:499-501 social history 6:459 McClearn, Gerald E. mental retardation 10:234 McCleery, Richard H. organizations: methods of research 11:338 McClelland, Charles international relations 8:63 McClelland, David C. achievement motivation 1:27, 30, 31 aesthetics 1:118
289
decision making: political aspects 4:59 fantasy 5:333 motivation, human 10:516 McClosky, Herbert consensus 3:268 rules of the game 13:572 McConaughy, John B. personality, political 12:18 McCULLOCH, JOHN RAMSEY 9:501-502 death and gift taxes 15:557 McCurdy, D. H. aesthetics 1:117 McCurdy, Harold G. literature, psychology of 9:429, 430 MacDonald, Ramsay socialism 14:521 McDougal, Myres conflict of laws 3:250 McDOUGALL, WILLIAM 9:502-505 emotion 5:36 instinct 7:366 parapsychology 11:387 suggestion 15:373 sympathy and empathy 15:444 Watson, John B. 16:486 McGee, W. J. acculturation 1:21 McGill, William J. information theory 7:335 McGraw-Hill Company automation 1:481 McGregor, Douglas organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:313 McGuire, William J. social psychology 14:470 MACHIAVELLI, NICCOL6 9:505511 dictatorship 4:162 leadership: sociological aspects 9:104 Montesquieu 10:473 natural law 11:84 political theory 12:324, 326 power 12:406 public opinion 13:192 social contract 14:376 sovereignty 15:79 state 15:151 Machiavellism (Meinecke) 10:122
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
290
INDEX
Machine tabulation
Machine tabulation computation 3:192 Machine tractor stations communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:141, 143 Machines, Political: see Political machines McILWAIN, CHARLES H. 9:511-513 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:320 MAcIVER, ROBERT M. 9:513-515 general will 6:87 political opinion 13:200 public interest 13:171 sociology 15:6, 11 Mack, Ruth P. inventory behavior 8:177 fol. Mackay, J. Ross geography, statistical 6:148 McKenzie, Roderick D. ecology 4:329 McKersie, Robert B. organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:315 MACKINDER, HALFORD 9:515-517 geography, political 6:120 McKinley, J. Charnley Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 12:44 fol. McKinley Tariff Act (U.S. 1890) international trade agreements 8:130 Mackworth, N. H. attention 1:447 MacLean, Paul D. sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:213
MCLENNAN, JOHN FERGUSON 9:517-519 kinship 8:393 Smith, William Robertson 14:330 McLuhan, Marshall communication, mass: audiences 3:70 reference materials and books 7:324 McMahan, Elizabeth A. parapsychology 11:392 M'Naghten Rule criminal law 3:498 psychiatry, forensic 12:631 McNamara, Robert nuclear war 11:216
MacNichol, E. F., Jr. color vision and color blindness 16:331 Maconochie, Alexander probation and parole 11:519 MacPherson v. Buick Motor Company Cardozo, Benjamin 2:303 Macroanalysis historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:381, 383, 382 Macroeconomics aggregation 1:163, 164 econometrics 4:355 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:417 economics 4:472, 482 income and employment theory 7:122 Macrosociology Mannheim, Karl 9:559, 561 political sociology 12:299, 304 societal analysis 14:564, 567 sociology 15:2 Madansky, Albert latent structure 9:36 Madlna (Arabic towns) North African society 1:125 MADISON, JAMES 9:519-521 constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:303, 304, 305 Hamilton, Alexander 6:313 Montesquieu 10:472 Magazines communication, mass 3:48, 76 reference materials and books 7:320 Magdalenian culture Breuil, Henri 2:151, 152 Magendie, Frangois Miiller, Johannes 10:526 Maghreb North African society 1:125 see also Algeria; Morocco; Tunisia MAGIC 9:521-528 ethnomedicine 10:89 Frazer, James George 5:551 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:545 Marett, Robert Ranulph 9:566 Mauss, Marcel 10:80 pollution 12:336 religion: anthropological study 13:400 ritual 13:521, 523
technology 15:585 Weber, Max 16:497 Westermarck, Edward 16:530 Magna Carta constitutions and constitutionalism 3:321 Magnetic dating archeology 1:388 Magoun, Horace motivation 10:510 Mahabharata historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:421 Indian political thought 7:170, 173 Mahalanobis, P. C. multivariate analysis 10:527 sample surveys 13:596 Mahalanobis measure multivariate analysis: classification and discrimination 10:556 MAHAN, ALFRED THAYER 9:528530 geography, political 6:120 strategy 15:281, 283 Mahayana Buddhism 2:165, 171, 173 Mahdism (Islamic theory) millenarism 10:350 Maher, Brendan A. mental retardation 10:230 Mahler, Wera Lewin, Kurt 9:267 Maimonides, Moses Judaism 8:276 Main, Thomas therapeutic community 10:207 MAINE, HENRY SUMNER 9:530533 community-society continua 3:174, 176 comparative law and legal systems 9:206 family: comparative structure 5:305 legal systems 9:60 modern society, anthropological study of 1:330 political anthropology 12:190 societies, small 14:574 tribal society 16:146 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:358
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
INDEX
Management
Maistre, Joseph de legitimacy 9:246 MAITLAND, FREDERIC WILLIAM 9:533-536 Gierke, Otto von 6:180 pluralism 12:166 political group analysis 12:242 Majapahit (kingdom, Java) Asian society 1:427 MAJORITY RULE 9:536-539 civil disobedience 2:484 consensus 3:268 constitutions and constitutionalism 9:537 electoral systems 5:11 equality 9:539 freedom 5:558 government 6:224 legitimacy 9:247 natural rights 11:88 parliamentary government 11:421 parties, political 11:448 MAJUMDAR, D. N. 9:540-541 Majumdar, R. C. historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:424, 425 Malaria mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:194, 196, 205 Malay language historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:422 Malaya ethnic groups 5:170 Islam 8:204 literacy 9:413 population composition 12:365 sex ratio 12:363 Southeast Asian society 1:423 Malecot, Gustave genetics, demography and population 6:102 Malewski, Andrzej thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:619 Mali foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 Malin, James C. conservation: political and social aspects 3:274
MALINOWSKI, BRONISLAW 9:541549 acculturation 1:22 adoption 1:97 anthropology 1:311, 320, 341, 343 culture 3:528 ethnology 5:173, 181 evolution, cultural 5:227 family: comparative structure 5:303, 305 feud 5:391 field work 5:418 illegitimacy 7:88 illness 7:91 integration, cultural 7:373, 377 interaction: social exchange 7:455 kinship 8:394 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:458 law and legal institutions 9:75 magic 9:522 marriage: family formation 10:2 modern society, anthropological study of 1:336 myth and symbol 10:577, 578 observation, participant 11:240 Oceanian society 11:265 political anthropology 12:191 religion: anthropological study 13:401, 404 ritual 13:522 Rivers, W. H. R. 13:527 sanctions 14:2 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:202, 206 technology 15:585 Malinvaud, Edmond aggregation 1:163 Malnutrition food: world problems 5:502, 503, 506 Malraux, Andre literature: political fiction 9:435 MALTHUS, THOMAS ROBERT 9:549-552 Barton, John 2:21 Carey, Henry C. 2:305 conservation: economic aspects 3:280 Darwin, Charles 4:9 optimum population theory 12:359 population: the field of demography 12:343 population theories 12:351
291
Simonde de Sismondi, J. C. L. 14:259 stagnation 15:138 utilitarianism: sociological thought 16:231 wages 16:398 Malynes, Gerald de Misselden, Edward 10:372 Mun, Thomas 10:560 Mamelukes slavery 14:309 Mammals imprinting 7:109 social behavior, animal 14:345, 347 MAN, HENDRIK (HENRI) DE 9:552-554 Man: A Monthly Record of Anthropological Science Myres, John Linton 10:575 Man and Nature (Marsh) 10:24 Man-land studies geography, statistical 6:147 Man-machine systems engineering psychology 5:84 operations research 11:293 Mana Codrington, R. H. 2:535 magic 9:522 Marett, Robert Ranulph 9:566 Management accounting 1:15, 19 administration 1:71 agriculture 1:233, 238, 259 automation 1:485 business management 2:249 capitalism 2:298, 300 city 2:456 collective bargaining 8:491 communism, economic organization of 3:134 cooperatives 3:393 corporation 3:401 credit, agricultural 3:467 debt, public 4:30 geography, statistical 6:150 human relations in industry 7:243 industrial and business psychology 7:227 inventory control theory 8:182 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:526 labor relations: developing countries 8:512
^CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
292
INDEX
Management, Business
land reform 8:573 leadership: sociological aspects 9:103 operations research 11:290 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:312, 313 regulation of industry 13:396 reward systems in industry 7:250 sociology of work 7:236 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:92 workers 16:569 Management, Business: see Business management Management, Scientific: see Scientific management Management and the Worker (Roethlisberger & Dickson) 10:82, 83 Managerial accounting: see Cost accounting Manchu dynasty Chinese society 2:414 Manchuria collective security 2:567 Manchurian Candidate, The (Condon) 14:479 Mancini, Pasquale Stanislao nationalism 11:65 Mandan Indians 7:193 Mandate (political) representation 13:461, 465 Mandates (territorial) trusteeship 16:160, 161, 163 Mandelbrot, Benoit aggregation 1:166 rank-size relations 13:321, 323 MANDEVILLE, BERNARD 9:554-555 MANGOLDT, HANS KARL EMIL VON 9:555-557
Manic-depressive disorders 4:122, 123 Abraham, Karl 1:2,3 mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:129
psychology, constitutional 13:73 Manichaeanism Christianity 2:429 Manifest anxiety scale anxiety 1:362 Manifest content dreams 4:261, 262 Manifest function functional analysis 6:25
Manifest parameters latent structure 9:35 Manipulation Mead, George Herbert 10:85 Mann, Floyd C. medical care: social aspects 10:98 Mann, H. B. goodness of fit 6:202 Mann, Richard D. group behavior 6:269 leadership: psychological aspects 9:98, 99 Mann, Thomas literature: political fiction 9:439 Mann-Whitney test nonparametric statistics 11:181 ranking methods 11:198 MANNHEIM, KARL 9:557-562 death and bereavement 4:22 educational systems 4:513 elites 5:27 generations, political 6:94 ideology 7:67, 74 ideology and the social system 7:77 knowledge, sociology of 8:429 Lukacs, Gyorgy 9:490 Marxist sociology 10:50 planning, social 12:126 social control 14:383 Manning, Bayless conflict of interest 3:243 Manoilesco argument international trade 8:90 MANORIAL ECONOMY 9:562-565 agriculture 1:217 feudalism 5:396 Manors agriculture 1:218 manorial economy 9:562 fol. Manpower 8:469 capital, human 2:278 employment and unemployment 5:58 international organization: administration 8:43 military policy 10:322 organizational intelligence 11:319 political recruitment and careers 12:277, 281 social work 14:498 technical assistance 15:570 see also Labor force Man's Fate (Malraux) 9:435
Man's Hope (Malraux) 9:435 Manslaughter homicide 3:490 Manual workers: see Industrial workers Manuans (American Samoa) food: consumption patterns 5:513 Manuel d'economie politique (Pareto) 11:400, 404 Manufacturing city 2:469 economic growth 4:398 industrial concentration 7:221 industrialization: economic aspects 7:253, 255, 260, 261 industrialization: social aspects 7:263, 268 industry, small 7:270 input-output analysis 7:345 international trade: patterns of trade 8:108 inventory behavior 8:179 productivity 12:532 rent 13:460 resale price maintenance 13:479 wages 16:412 Manus (Admiralty Islands) food: consumption patterns 5:509 Mao Tse-tung Chinese society 2:415, 417, 420 communism, national 3:116 historiography, Chinese 6:406 peasantry 11:509 totalitarianism 16:110 Map projections 2:327 Mapai: see Labor Party (Israel) Maps 2:325 geography, cultural 6:131 geography, political 6:118 geography, statistical 6:146, 149 graphic presentation 6:247 Huntington, Ellsworth 7:26 land classification 8:556 Nordenskiold, Erland 11:203 population distribution 12:370 reference materials and books 7:324 see also Cartography Maqrizi, alhistoriography, Islamic 6:410 Marasmus affection 1:122 food: world problems 5:503
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
Marketing
INDEX Marbe, Karl Bortkiewicz, Ladislaus von 2:129 Marbury v. Madison (1803) constitutional law 3:296, 297 judicial review 8:304 Marchal, Jean profit 12:550 Marcuse, Herbert Marxist sociology 10:49 MARETT, ROBERT RANULPH 9:565-567 Gennep, Arnold van 6:114 Marginal cost competition 3:183 cost 3:408, 410 external economies and diseconomies 5:270 Marshall, Alfred 10:30 monopoly 10:458 patents 11:471 pricing policies 12:457, 458, 460, 461 production 12:517 welfare economics 16:507 Marginal cost pricing 12:457, 460 Marginal efficiency of capital 2:276 income and employment theory 7:126 interest 7:475 Marginal efficiency of investment capital 2:276 investment function, aggregate 8:186 Marginal man, Theory of the creativity 3:448 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:427 Park, Robert E. 11:418 self concept 14:157 Marginal product competition 3:182, 183 income and employment theory 7:128 productivity 12:531 Marginal productivity Barone, Enrico 2:16 capital 2:275, 276 Clark, John Bates 2:505 income distribution: functional share 7:140 interest 7:474, 478 Marshall, Alfred 10:30 population theories 12:352
production 12:511 production and cost analysis 12:520, 522 profit 12:551 Thiinen, Johann Heinrich von 16:18 wage and hour legislation 16:422 wages 16:399 Wicksteed, Philip Henry 16:544 Marginal propensity to consume consumption function 3:359, 362, 364, 365, 366 income and employment theory 7:123 Marginal propensity to save consumption function 3:359 income and employment theory 7:124 Marginal revenue elasticity 4:544 monopoly 10:458 Marginal utility Austrian School 4:458 Bernoulli family 2:67 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:120, 122 Clark, John Bates 2:506 Commons, John R. 3:22 decision making: psychological aspects 4:36 interaction: social exchange 7:454 Jevons, William Stanley 8:256 Lexis, Wilhelm 9:274 Marshall, Alfred 10:28 Menger, Carl 10:125 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:403 specialization and exchange 15:115 utility 16:240, 243, 259 vonMises, Ludwig 16:379 Walras, Leon 16:448, 449 Wicksell, Knut 16:540 Wicksteed, Philip Henry 16:544 Wieser, Friedrich von 16:549 Marginality, Social: see Marginal man, Theory of the Mariana, Juan social contract 14:378 Marianas Islands Oceanian society 11:254 Marijuana drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:290
293
drug addiction: social aspects 4:299, 301 Mario and the Magician (Mann) 9:439 Marital status 10:8 mortality 10:501 population composition 12:366 Market areas central place 2:367 Commons, John R. 3:22 spatial economics: the partial equilibrium approach 15:96 Market economy exchange and display 5:242 liberalism 9:278 Polanyi, Karl 12:173 price control and rationing 12:464 specialization and exchange 15:114 see also Markets Market period Marshall, Alfred 10:27 stock-flow analysis 15:273 MARKET RESEARCH 9:567-575 MARKET ANALYSIS 9:567-571 CONSUMER RESEARCH 9:571-575
advertising research 1:111 economics 4:475 propaganda 12:581 quantal response 13:243 see also Advertising research; Consumer research Market structure agriculture: marketing 1:246 economies of scale 4:494 international integration: economic unions 7:545 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:127 Marshall, Alfred 10:30 monopoly 10:457, 462, 463 plantations 12:157 Market surveys 9:569 Market testing 9:569 Marketing agriculture 1:245 business management 2:252 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:142 geography, economic 6:126 industrial and business psychology 7:225
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-] [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
294
INDEX
Marketing boards
Marketing boards state trading 8:137, 138 Markets colonialism: economic aspects 3:8 competition 3:181 conservation: economic aspects 3:284 corporation 3:402 demand and supply 4:99 discrimination, economic 4:208 economic anthropology 4:362 economic equilibrium 4:378 economics 4:483 exchange and display 5:242, 244 financial intermediaries 5:434, 435 internal trade 7:496 land: economic aspects 8:554 land reform 8:572 local finance 9:446 market analysis 9:567 markets and industries 9:575 optimum population theory 12:360 price control and rationing 12:467 public expenditures 13:158 rent 13:459 social class 15:302 socialist economic thought 4:452 societies, small 14:576 spatial economics : the partial equilibrium approach 15:96 specialization and exchange 15:111 speculation, hedging, and arbitrage 15:120 trade and markets 16:118 Usher, Abbott P. 16:223 Markets, Law of Say, Jean Baptiste 14:24 Markets, Securities: see Securities markets MARKETS AND INDUSTRIES 9:575-581 industrialization: economic aspects 7:253, 259
specialization and exchange 15:114 see also Industry; Marketing; Markets Markoff, A. A.: see Markov, A. A. Markov, A. A. Markov chains 9:582 statistical method, history of 15:227, 231 MARKOV CHAINS 9:581-585 causation 2:352
firm, theory of the 5:458 goodness of fit 6:206 information theory 7:333 models, mathematical 10:381 prediction 12:421 size distributions in economics 14:296 statistics 15:214 time series: general 16:55 Markov process income distribution: size 7:151 queues 13:259 survey analysis: applications in economics 15:434 time series 16:56 time series: advanced problems 16:61 Marks, W. B. color vision and color blindness 16:331 Marlowe, David motivation, human 10:519 MARRIAGE 10:1-23 FAMILY FORMATION 10:1-8 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 10:8-19 MARRIAGE ALLIANCE 10:19-23
aging: social aspects 1:188 assimilation 1:439, 441, 443 Burgess, Ernest W. 2:220 Caribbean society 2:315 cohort analysis 2:549 descent groups 8:402 economic growth 4:401 ethnology 5:182 family: comparative structure 5:306, 309 family: disorganization and dissolution 5:314, 317, 318 fertility 5:377 feud 5:390 feudalism 5:397 food: consumption patterns 5:509 genetics, demography and population 6:104 hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:23 incest 7:115, 117, 120 Indians, North American 7:189, 190 interaction, social 7:438 Islam 8:213 Judaism 8:274
kinship 8:390, 395 life tables 9:297 McLennan, John Ferguson 9:517 nuptiality 11:223 Oceanian society 11:261 population composition 12:364 population policies 12:382 Smith, William Robertson 14:333 South Asia 1:418 Spencer, Herbert 15:125 sub-Saharan Africa 1:142, 146 Terman, Lewis M. 15:602 vital statistics 16:340, 342 Waller, Willard W. 16:444 Westermarck, Edward 16:530 see also Nuptiality Marriott, McKim South Asian society 1:414 technical assistance 15:569 MARSH, GEORGE PERKINS 10:2325 Marshall, Albert W. goodness of fit 6:203 MARSHALL, ALFRED 10:25-33 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:120 capital, human 2:279 Clapham, John Harold 2:502 competition 3:183 consumer's surplus 3:354, 355 decision making: economic aspects 4:52 demand and supply 4:97 elasticity 4: 543 entrepreneurship 5:89 firm, theory of the 5:458, 459 Keynes, John Maynard 8:369 Menger, Carl 10:124 money: quantity theory 10:433 money: velocity of circulation 10:450 national income and product accounts 11:21 oligopoly 11:285 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:403 Pigou, Arthur Cecil 12:91, 92, 96, 97 profit 12:548 rent 13:456 Sidgwick, Henry 14:235 stock-flow analysis 15:273 Toynbee, Arnold 16:115 utilitarianism 16:233
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 j_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
Marxism
INDEX utility 16:240, 243, 244, 246 welfare economics 16:504 Marshall, John constitutional law 3:296, 297, 299 judicial review 8:304 judicial values 8:317 Marshall, T. H. social class 15:303 status, social 15:255 Marshall Plan: see European Recovery Program Marsilio dei Mainardini: see Marsilius of Padua MARSILIUS OF PADUA 10:33-34 legitimacy 9:246 natural law 11:83 Martial law 10:315 Martin Eden (London) 9:433 Martin Luther: A Destiny (Febvre) 5:349 Martindale, Andrew art and society 5:441 Martov, I. O. communism, Soviet 3:103 MARX, KARL 10:34-40 aggregation 1:166 agriculture: social organization 1:211 alienation 1:264, 265 Bortkiewicz, Ladislaus von 2:129 capitalism 2:295 communism, economic organization of 3:132, 137 communism, Soviet 3:103 Durkheim, Emile 4:313 economic equilibrium 4:376 economic growth 4:409 economics 4:478 Engels, Friedrich 5:65 equality 5:106 evolution, cultural 5:224 family: comparative structure 5:306 freedom 5:557 government 6:217 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 6:343 Historical School 4:455, 456 identification, political 7:57 ideology and the social system 7:76 industrialization: social aspects 7:269 interaction, social 7:431, 433
justice 8:346 knowledge, sociology of 8:428 leisure 9:251 Marxism 10:41 Marxist sociology 10:46 Morgan, Lewis Henry 10:497 national income and product accounts 11:20 peasantry 11:508 political science 12:295 political sociology 12:299 population policies 12:382 profit 12:548
reward systems in industry 7:248 Ricardo, David 13:510 ritual 13:522 Schumpeter, Joseph A. 14:68, 71 slavery 14:312 social change 14:367 social class 15:297, 298, 301, 304, 312 social structure 14:483 socialism 14:507, 508, 510, 511, 517, 523, 531 socialist economic thought 4:449 societal analysis 14:565 society 14:580 sociological thought 15:25 sociology of work 7:230 Sombart, Werner 15:58 Southeast Asia 1:425, 427 specialization and exchange 15:112 stratification, social 15:289 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:94 utilitarianism 16:231, 233 utility 16:264 value, labor theory of 16:279, 281 Veblen, Thorstein 16:304 wages 16:398 Weber, Max 16:494 MARXISM 10:40-46 agriculture: social organization 1:211 Bernstein, Eduard 2:68 Childe, V. Gordon 2:391 Christianity 2:444 civil disobedience 2:476 colonialism: economic aspects 3:8 communism, economic organization of 3:132 communism, international 3:126 communism, Soviet 3:103 creativity 3:443, 446
295
democracy 4:114 economic growth 4:410 Engels, Friedrich 5:64 fol. equality 5:106 evolution 5:206 evolution, cultural 5:223 fascism 5:335, 338, 339 government 6:218, 220 Halevy, Elie 6:309 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 6:343 historiography, Japanese 6:419, 420 ideology 7:68 imperialism 7:102 intellectuals 7:408 interaction, social 7:431, 433 international relations: ideological aspects 8:73 Kautsky, Karl 8:356 Kelsen, Hans 8:361 labor movement, theories of the 8:517
land reform 8:571 Lange^Oskar 8:582 Lukacs, Gyorgy 9:489 Luxemburg, Rosa 9:496 Man, Hendrik de 9:553 Mannheim, Karl 9:557, 558 Marx, Karl 10:37 Marxist sociology 10:48 Michels, Robert 10:270 Mills, C. Wright 10:364 nation 11:9 nativism and revivalism 11:77 norms 11:212 paternalism 11:474 peasantry 11:508 periodization 11:583 policy sciences 12:185 population theories 12:357 punishment 13:221 radicalism 13:298 religion, sociology of 13:408 revolution 13:506 Schumpeter, Joseph A. 14:70 slavery 14:312 social change 14:367 social class 15:298, 309 socialism 14:507, 523 socialist economic thought 4:449 sociological thought 15:28, 30 Sombart, Werner 15:58
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
296
Marxism-Leninism
Sorel, Georges 15:60 state 15:144, 149 Stein, Lorenz von 15:258 stratification, social 15:289 syndicalism 15:448 totalitarianism 16:112 Trotsky, Leon 16:155 Tugan-Baranovskii, Mikhail I. 16:165 typologies 16:182 utopianism 16:269 value, labor theory of 16:279 war 16:462 Weber, Max 16:495 workers 16:570 Marxism-Leninism: see Leninism MARXIST SOCIOLOGY 10:46-52 alienation 1:265 knowledge, sociology of 8:428 sociology 15:7, 11, 15 Veblen, Thorstein 16:304 Masai (people) age differentiation 1:157, 160, 161 sub-Saharan Africa 1:149 MASARYK, THOMAS G. 10:53-54 Masculinity analytical psychology 1:278 homosexuality 14:225 sex differences 7:210 Masculinity-femininity scale sex differences 7:211 Terman, Lewis M. 15:602 Masks sub-Saharan Africa 1:151 Maslow, Abraham H. personality 11:593 Masochism Abraham, Karl 1:4 Mass action Lashley, Karl S. 9:29, 30 McDougall, William 9:503 nervous system: brain structure and function 11:147 Mass behavior collective behavior 2:556 mass phenomena 10:54 regional science 13:387 Mass communication: see Communication, Mass Mass culture communication, mass: the study 3:41, 63, 78 Huizinga, Johan 6:534
INDEX leisure 9:252 literature, sociology of 9:421 Mass media: see Communication, Mass Mass movements fascism 5:340 social movements 14:439, 449 MASS PHENOMENA 10:54-58 collective behavior 2:559, 561 disasters 4:204 fashion 5:341 group performance 6:288 national socialism 11:47 nativism and revivalism 11:76 social movements 14:439 see also Collective behavior; Mass behavior MASS SOCIETY 10:58-64 alienation 1:267 collective behavior 2:561 communication, mass 3:41 community-society continua 3:174 democracy 4:117 elites 5:26 Lippmann, Walter 9:392 Mannheim, Karl 9:561 political culture 12:220 social movements 14:449 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:91 Tonnies, Ferdinand 16:102 totalitarianism 16:111 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:373 Weber, Max 16:497 Massey, Frank J., Jr. goodness of fit 6:203 Masters, Roger systems analysis, international 15:480 Masturbation neurosis 11:164 sexual deviation: social aspects 14:218 Mas'udi, alhistoriography, Islamic 6:409 Mataram (central Java) South Asia 1:427, 429 Matarazzo, Joseph D. smoking 14:338 Matched pairs: see Matched samples Matched samples errors in statistical assumptions 5:132
Mate selection family formation 10:3 marriage: comparative analysis 10:10 marriage alliance 10:19 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:202 Materialism Hobbes, Thomas 6:482 interaction, social 7:432 Marx, Karl 10:37 Spencer, Herbert 15:125 urban revolution 16:202 Materialism, Dialectical: see Dialectical materialism Maternal deprivation affection 1:124 infancy: the effects of early experience 7:285, 288 infant development 7:282 Mathematical Investigations in the Theory of Value and Prices (Fisher) 5:476 Mathematical logic positivism 12:391 Mathematical models: see Models, Mathematical Mathematical Psychics (Edgeworth) 4:507 Mathematical statistics Cosset, William Sealy 6:211 random numbers 13:311 statistics 15:219 time series: cycles 16:77 Wald, Abraham 16:435 Wilks, S. S. 16:550 Mathematical Theory of Communication, The (Shannon) 4:4 MATHEMATICS 10:65-76 Auspitz, Rudolf 1:470 Babbage, Charles 1:491 Bernoulli family 2:65 Bloomfield, Leonard 2:98 Cournot, Antoine Augustin 3:427 decision making: political aspects 4:61 econometrics 4:350 game theory 6:62 Gauss, Carl Friedrich 6:74 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:349 Lewin, Kurt 9:267 Lieben, Richard 1:470 Moivre, Abraham de 10:409
I CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Maze learning
multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:538 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:548 Poisson, Simeon Denis 12:169 positivism 12:389, 390 probability, formal 12:487 programming 12:552 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:250 reasoning and logic 13:347 science, sociology of 14:93 statistics 15:207 systems analysis 14:454 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:219 von Neumann, John 16:385 Mathiez, Albert Buonarroti, Filippo 2:203 Mating family 5:317 sexual behavior, animal 14:194 social behavior, animal 14:356 Matrifocal family family: comparative structure 5:311 marriage: comparative analysis 10:16 Matrilineage conflict: anthropological aspects 3:239 descent groups 8:404 family: comparative structure 5:309 Indians, North American 7:185, 190, 191, 196 kinship 8:396 marriage: comparative analysis 10:13 marriage alliance 10:20 Oceanian society 11:262 property 12:591 see also Descent groups; Genealogy; Patrilineage Matrilocal residence conflict: anthropological aspects 3:240 Matrimonial Causes Act (Australia 1959) family 5:320 Matthews, Donald R. rules of the game 13:573 Matthews, Jack speech pathology 9:16
Maturation adolescence 1:86, 87, 94 developmental psychology 4:145 ethology 5:187 learning 9:117 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:212 socialization: psychological aspects 14:537 Matza, David delinquency: sociological aspects 4:83 Maudsley Personality Inventory personality measurement: inventories 12:38 Maurer, Herrymon organizational goals 11:307 Mauritius migration: economic aspects 10:294 societies, small 14:574 MAURRAS, CHARLES 10:76-78 Mauryan empire Buddhism 2:170 MAUSS, MARCEL 10:78-82 Durkheim, Emile 4:318 exchange and display 5:239 Gennep, Arnold van 6:114 interaction: social exchange 7:453, 455 Levy-Bruhl, Lucien 9:264 magic 9:522 ritual 13:522 typologies 16:184 Mawardi, alIslam 8:212 Maximal seizure electroconvulsive shock 5:21 Maximum hours laws wage and hour legislation 16:418 Maximum likelihood method distributions, approximations to 4:231 distributions, mixtures of 4:240 factor analysis: psychological applications 5:281 factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:277 Fisher, R. A. 5:488 goodness of fit 6:204 linear hypotheses: regression 9:312
297
multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:539 point estimation 5:146, 148 quantalresponse 13:239 simultaneous equation estimation 14:284, 286, 289, 291, 293 statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:193 statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:198 statistical method, history of 15:228 time series 16: 56 time series: advanced problems 16:66, 67, 68 Maximum ophelimity Pareto, Vilfredo 11:403, 404, 405 Maxwell, Albert E. factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:276, 279 May, Jacques M. ethnomedicine 10:90 May, Kenneth O. aggregation 1:163 May, Mark A. cooperation 3:389 moral development 10:483, 484, 486 May Fourth Movement (1919) Chinese society 2:415, 416 Maya civilization Tozzer, Alfred M. 16:116 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:208, 209, 212, 213, 214, 215 Vaillant, George C. 16:277 Mayer, Philip anthropology 1:327 MAYO, ELTON 10:82-83 groups 6:259 Henderson, L. J. 6:351 human relations in industry 7:241 modern society, anthropological study of 1:333 sociology of work 7:231 Maze learning discrimination learning 9:144 Hull, Clark L. 6:536 instrumental learning 9:131 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:153
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
298
Mazzini, Giuseppe
problem solving 12:509 radiation 13:291 stimulation drives 15:269 Mazzini, Giuseppe nation 11:8 Mbanza Kongo sub-Saharan African society 1:146 Mbuti (people) hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:21, 25 MEAD, GEORGE HERBERT 10:83-87 Burgess, Ernest W. 2:220 Cooley, Charles H. 3:381 deviant behavior 4:152 Dewey, John 4:156 interaction, social 7:434 interaction, symbolic 7:442, 445 knowledge, sociology of 8:432 role: psychological aspects 13:546, 550 role: sociological aspects 13:552 socialization: psychological aspects 14:535 society 14:582 sociological thought 15:30 Mead, Margaret authority 1:476 Fletcher, Alice Cunningham 5:493 health 6:334 modern society, anthropological studies of 1:334, 336 national character 11:15 socialization: anthropological aspects 14:545, 546, 548 Meade, James E. international trade 8:90, 94 international trade agreements 8:135 Mean: see also Means Mean (golden mean) Aristotle 1:409 Mean (statistics) computation 3:195 Edgeworth, Francis Ysidro 4:508 linear hypotheses: regression 9:310 multivariate analysis 10:530, 532 nonparametric statistics 11:177, 181 order statistics 11:189 probability, formal 12:492, 493 significance, tests of 14:240
INDEX statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:193 statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:232 Mean, Arithmetic statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:232 Mean, Estimators of errors in statistical assumptions 5:133 point estimation 5:144, 146 Mean, Generalized Gini, Corrado 6:188 statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:232 Mean, Trimmed errors in statistical assumptions 5:133 order statistics 11:186 Mean absolute error Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:25 point estimation 5:144 Mean deviation statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:238 Mean difference Gini, Corrado 6:189 statistics, descriptive 15:239 Mean square analysis of variance 9:326 Mean square differences statistics, descriptive 15:238 variances, statistical study of 16:296 Mean square distribution distributions, special continuous 4:224 Mean square error analysis of variance 9:327 errors, nonsampling 5:121 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:25 point estimation 5:144 Mean vector multivariate analysis 10:529 Meaning 16:311 kinesics 8:381 language and culture 9:20 language development 9:10 Mead, George Herbert 10:85 pain 11:359 positivism 12:390 semantics and semiotics 14:168
Titchener, Edward B. 16:89 Weber, Max 16:494, 498 Znaniecki, Florian 16:601 Meaning, Theory of language, psychology of 9:3 Means, Gardiner C. inflation and deflation 7:294 Means, Inferences on analysis of variance 9:324 confidence intervals and regions 5:150 hypothesis testing 7:41 multivariate analysis 10:530 Means-ends organizations: organizational goals 11:309 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:104 technology and international relations 15:590 utilitarianism 16:229 Measured daywork wages: systems of payment 16:416 Measurement content analysis 3:374 economic data 4:368 employment and unemployment 5:53 errors, nonsampling 5:113 income distribution: size 7:151 labor force 8:469 models, mathematical 10:379 national wealth: estimation 11:54 organizations: methods of research 11:334 panel studies 11:371 physical anthropology 12:87 population 12:342 propaganda 12:586 psychometrics 13:95, 105 psychophysics 13:121, 122 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:253 science, philosophy of 14:86 social class, measurement of 15:316 sociometry 15:53 statistical method, history of 15:225 statistics 15:217 stress 15:346 Tarde, Gabriel 15:511 Thurstone, L. L. 16:23 time: psychological aspects 15:27
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Meltzer, Allan H.
time: social organization 16:32, 37 see also Psychometrics; Scaling Measurement, Scales of: see Scales of measurement Measurement error: see Error of measurement Mechanical solidarity community-society continua 3:176 Durkheim, Emile 4:314 integration, social 7:381, 383 systems analysis, social 15:461, 464 Mechanics von Mises, Richard 16:383 Mechanisms causation 2:353 Descartes, Rene 4:129 Mechanisms, Defense: see Defense mechanisms Mechanization agriculture 1:206 automation 1:482 economic growth 4:398 specialization and exchange 15:112 see also Automation; Industrialization Medawar, Peter B. fallacies, statistical 5:297 Media research advertising 1:114 Median errors in statistical assumptions 5:133 nonparametric statistics 11:177 order statistics 11:183 probability, formal 12:492 quantal response 13:238 statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:197 statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:235 Median test errors in statistical assumptions 5:137, 138 Mediation international conflict resolution 7:508 labor relations 8:507 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:366, 374
Mediation, Industrial labor relations 8:507, 509, 510 Mediation theory (psychology) intellectual development 7:396 thinking 15:613 Mediational processes (psychology) language, psychology of 9:2 learning theory 9:195 transfer learning 9:170 Medical anthropology 1:307 MEDICAL CARE 10:87-105 ETHNOMEDICINE 10:87-92 SOCIAL ASPECTS 10:93-99 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 10:100-105
aging 1:178, 197 blindness 2:90 collective bargaining 8:492, 497 fringe benefits 16:425 health 6:333 illness 7:93 medical personnel 10:115 planning, welfare 12:152 vocational rehabilitation 16:350 welfare state 16:517 workmen's compensation 16:573, 574 MEDICAL PERSONNEL 10:105-120 PHYSICIANS 10:105-114 PARAMEDICAL PERSONNEL 10:114120
medical care: social aspects 10:95 social control 14:391 Medical psychology: see Clinical psychology Medical sociology 10:93 illness 7:90 medical personnel 10:113 therapeutic community 10:211 Medicare aging 1:200 medical care: economic aspects 10:102 Medici, Lorenzo de' art and society 5:442 Medicine Broca, Paul 2:154 Louis, P. C. A. 9:478 medical care: social aspects 10:94 pain 11:359 physical anthropology 12:88 professions 12:540, 543, 544
299
psychiatry, child 12:613 psychology, applied 13:94 see also Folk medicine Meditation school Buddhism 2:178 Meditations on Quixote (Ortega y Gasset) 11:344 Medulla oblongata nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:137 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:304 Meduna, L. J. fallacies, statistical 5:296 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:202, 203 Megaliths diffusion, cultural 4:172 Megalopolis 2:448, 461, 470 Mehta, Asoka socialism 14:529, 530 Meiji period historiography, Japanese 6:417 Meillet, Antoine linguistics 9:353 MEINECKE, FRIEDRICH 10:121124 Meiners, Christoph anthropology 1:309 Meinong, Alexius von Stumpf, Carl 15:351 Melancholia: see Depression Melanesia acculturation 1:23 age differentiation 1:159 Codrington, R. H. 2:534, 535 family: comparative structure 5:305 food: consumption patterns 5:508 nativism and revivalism 11:76 Oceanian society 11:256 Melanesian Languages (Codrington) 2:535
"Melting Pot" theory assimilation 1:438 housing: social aspects 6:519 Melton, Arthur W. military psychology 10:337, 339 programmed learning 9:187 Meltzer, Allan H. liquidity preference 9:400 money: velocity of circulation 10:451
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
300
Memory
Memory Bartlett, F. C. 2:19 Ebbinghaus, Hermann 4:326 electroconvulsive shock 5:22, 23 gestalt theory 6:161 Hartley, David 6:325 Jaensch, Erich 8:225 James, William 8:229 Koffka, Kurt 8:438 learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:157 Locke, John 9:469 mental disorders: organic aspects 10:134 Miiller, Georg Elias 10:524 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:153
nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:147, 149 simulation: individual behavior 14:266, 267 skill, acquisition of 9:175 thinking 15:609 verbal learning 9:160 fol. see also Forgetting; Recall; Retention Memory, Computer 3:194 Memory: A Contribution to Experimental Psychology (Ebbinghaus) 4:327 Men labor force: markets and mobility 8:484 labor force: participation 8:475 population composition 12:366 religious observance 13:426 Mencius Chinese political thought 2:398, 399, 404 Mende tribe voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:359 Mendel, Gregor J. Boas, Franz 2:107 genetics, demography and population 6:103 genetics and behavior 6:99 social Darwinism 14:403 Mendelson, E. M. world view 16:578
INDEX Mendelssohn, Moses Judaism 8:278 MENGER, CARL 10:124-127 Austrian School 4:459, 460 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:120 Schmoller, Gustav 14:61 utility 16:250 Menger, Karl Wald, Abraham 16:437 Menninger, Karl gambling 6:56 psychiatry 12:610 suicide: psychological aspects 15:389, 391 Menotti, Gian-Carlo fine arts: the recruitment and socialization of artists 5:451 Mens rea: see Intent Menschanschauung mental disorders, treatment of: psychological treatment 10:173 Mensheviks communism, Soviet 3:104 Lenin 9:256 socialist economic thought 4:451 Trotsky, Leon 16:155 Mental ability achievement testing 1:35 aging 1:181 factor analysis: psychological applications 5:285 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:421 scaling 14:26 systems analysis, psychological 15:492 Thurstone, L. L. 16:22 Waitz, Theodor 16:433 see also Ability Mental age aptitude testing 1:372 Binet, Alfred 2:76 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:423 mental retardation 10:230, 238 psychometrics 13:109 Thurstone, L. L. 16:22 MENTAL DISORDERS 10:127-172 GENETIC ASPECTS 10:127-133 ORGANIC ASPECTS 10:133-139 BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS 10:139-149 EPIDEMIOLOGY 10:149-156
CHILDHOOD MENTAL DISORDERS
10:156-162 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY 10:162-172
affection 1:122 aging 1:183 anxiety 1:364 Broca, Paul 2:154 character disorders 2:379 conflict: psychological aspects 3:220 criminology 3:505 delinquency 4:86 depressive disorders 4:121 drinking and alcoholism: psychological aspects 4:266 drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:294 electroconvulsive shock 5:21 emotion 5:39 Gall, Franz Joseph 6:47 Goldstein, Kurt 6:198 hysteria 7:47 individual psychology 7:216 Janet, Pierre 8:234 mental disorders, treatment of: psychological treatment 10:173 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:194 neurosis 11:161 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:241 paranoid reactions 11:380 perceptual deprivation 11:551 psychiatry 12:610 psychiatry, child 12:614 psychology, constitutional 13:66 psychopathic personality 13:113 psychosis 13:126 response surfaces 5:255 schizophrenia 14:42 sleep 14:316 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:396 systems analysis, psychological 15:491 MENTAL DISORDERS, TREATMENT OF 10:172-215 PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENT 10:172-178 CLIENT-CENTERED COUNSELING 10:178-185 GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY 10:185-
189
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Merton, Robert K.
BEHAVIOR THERAPY 10:189-193 SOMATIC TREATMENT 10:193-207 THE THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY
10:207-215 hysteria 7:51 instrumental learning 9:133 Klein, Melanie 8:416 mental disorders: experimental study 10:170 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:244 paranoid reactions 11:385 perceptual deprivation 11:554 personality 11: 598 Pinel, Philippe 12:98 psychiatry 12:607 psychoanalysis 13:31 psychology, applied 13:92 psychopathic personality 13:119 psychopharmacology 4:288 psychosis 13:132 Rush, Benjamin 13:588 schizophrenia 14:48 Mental energy factor analysis 5:284 MENTAL HEALTH 10:215-226 THE CONCEPT 10:215-221 SOCIAL CLASS AND PERSONAL ADJUSTMENT 10:222-226
creativity 3:438 emotion 5:39 health 6:331 Horney, Karen 6:514 individual psychology 7:215, 217 mental disorders: epidemiology 10:150, 151 neurosis 11:163 see also Mental illness Mental hospitals medical care: social aspects 10:98 medical personnel 10:119 mental disorders: epidemiology 10:151, 152 psychopharmacology 4:288 therapeutic community 10:207 fol. Mental hygiene mental health 10:216 psychiatry, child 12:618 Mental illness criminal law 3:502
emotion 5:39 health 6:334 hysteria 7:47 instrumental learning 9:133 medical personnel 10:119 mental health 10:217 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:223 Pinel, Philippe 12:98 psychology, constitutional 13: 73 psychosomatic illness 13:135 Rush, Renjamin 13:588 social control 14:391 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:403 see also Insanity; Mental disorders MENTAL RETARDATION 10:226247 clinical psychology 2:514 individual differences 7:202, 204 mental disorders: biological aspects 10:142 mental disorders: epidemiology 10:150 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:198 systems analysis, psychological 15:492 Mental structures adolescence 1:90 typologies 16:184 Mental testing aging 1:181 Cattell, James McKeen 2:345 creativity: genius and ability 3:458 Ebbinghaus, Hermann 4:327 educational psychology 4:535 factor analysis: psychological applications 5:285 military psychology 10:334 psychometrics 13:98 quantal response 13:243 Terman, Lewis M. 15:601 see also Testing, Psychological Mentality, Primitive Frazer, James George 5:552 Levy-Bruhl, Lucien 9:264 religion: anthropological study 13:404 Mentality of Apes, The (Kohler) 8:440 Menzel, Herbert scientific communication 14:112, 114, 115
301
Menzies, Isabel E. P. defense mechanisms 4:70 therapeutic community 10:212 Meperidine drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:291, 295 Mercantilism 4:435 balance of payments 8:1 Becher, Johann Joachim 2:39 colonialism: economic aspects 3:6, 9 Heckscher, Eli 6:340 Middle American society 10:276 military power potential 10:326 Misselden, Edward 10:371 Mun, Thomas 10:560 population theories 12:350 Steuart, James Denham 15:265 Mercantilism (Heckscher) 6:340 Mercenaries systems analysis, international 15:485 MERCIER DE LA RIVIERE 10:248249 MERGERS 10:249-254 antitrust legislation 1:351, 354, 355 corporation 3:399 markets and industries 9:579 Mering, Otto von health 6:331 Merit system bureaucracy 2:213 see also Civil service Merleau-Ponty, Maurice Husserl, Edmund 7:29 phenomenology 12:69 MERRIAM, CHARLES E. 10:254-260 community power 3:157 political behavior 12:204 public law 13:179 Merton, Robert K. crime, causes of 3:475 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:89 deviant behavior 4:150, 151 ethical systems and social structures 5:159 friendship 6:16 functional analysis 6:25, 31 integration, social 7:382 national character 11:16 organizational goals 11:308
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
302
Mesakin (people)
organizations 11:301 reference groups 13:355, 356 science, history of 14:79 science, sociology of 14:95 social class 15:307 social control 14:382 social history 6:460 social problems 14:457 social psychology 14:464 sociology 15:2 Stouffer, Samuel A. 15:279 Mesakin (people) magic 9:525 Mescalero Indians 7:191 MESMER, FRANZ ANTON 10:260262 hypnosis 7:34 neurosis 11:161 Mesmerism 10:261 see also Animal magnetism Mesoamerica 10:272 food-producing revolution 4:247, 249 Vaillant, George C. 16:278 Mesolithic Age hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:10, 14 Mesomorphs delinquency: psychological aspects 4:87
psychology, constitutional 13:68 Mesopotamia urban revolution 16:204 Messiah Judaism 8:277 millenarism 10:350 Messianic movements equality as an ideal 5:109 mass phenomena 10:56 millenarism 10:350, 353, 357 nativism and revivalism 11:75, 78 Messick, Samuel Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 12:46 Mestizos Middle American society 10:273 Metabolism brain, structure and function of the 11:140 obesity 11:229 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:9 sleep 14:315, 316
INDEX Metaphysics Ortega y Gasset, Jose 11:344 Peirce, Charles Sanders 11:512 phenomenology 12:68 Meteorology Galton, Francis 6:49 Richardson, Lewis Fry 13:514 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:92 systems analysis 15:456 Methadone drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:291 Method, Comparative: see Comparative method Method of Sociology, The (Znaniecki) 16:600 Methods der Ethnologic (Graebner) 6:240 Methodenstreit Biicher, Karl 2:164 Historical School 4:456 Menger, Carl 10:125, 126 Schmoller, Gustav 14:61 Toynbee, Arnold 16:115 Wagner, Adolf 16:430 Methodist Church canon law 2:267 Protestant political thought 12:600 Methods, Projective: see Projective methods METRAUX, ALFRED 10:262-263 Metretike (Edgeworth) 4:507 Metric scales statistics, descriptive: association 15:243 variances, statistical study of 16:293 Metric space mathematics 10:73 Metropolitan area 1:398 city: comparative urban structure 2:470 commutation 16:143 Metropolitan government 2:459 local finance 9:450 local government 9:453 Metzler, Lloyd A. inventory behavior 8:178 Mexican revolution (1910) Latin American political movements 9:40
Middle American society 10:274, 277 nationalism 11:64 Mexico area and population 12:377 crafts 3:432 economic anthropology 4:361 ethnic groups 5:170 ethnology 5:180 food: consumption patterns 5:510 hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:16 judicial review 8:303 Latin American political movements 9:40 literacy 9:413 Middle American society 10:272 fol. migration: economic aspects 10:294, 295 nation 11:9 national wealth: estimation 11:58 patents 11:462 Redfield, Robert 13:350 sales and excise taxes 15:552 Vaillant, George C. 16:277 MEYER, ADOLF 10:263-265 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:242 psychiatry, child 12:617 schizophrenia 14:43 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:396 Meyer, Leonard B. aesthetics I; 119 Meyersohn, Rolf time budgets 16:46 Meynaud, Jean interest groups 7:491 Michaels, Joseph J. character disorders 2:381 Michelangelo architecture 1:394 art and society 5:442, 444 MICHELS, ROBERT 10:265-272 leadership: sociological aspects 9:102 Mosca, Gaetano 10:506 oligarchy 11:282 organizations 11:300 parties, political 11:429 politics, comparative 12:331 social movements 14:449
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.)
Mikesell, Marvin W.
INDEX voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:369, 370 Michotte, Albert causation 2:354 Micmac Indians 7:195 Microanalysis historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:381, 383 Microeconomics 4:472, 482 aggregation 1:163, 164, 166 cross-section analysis 3:524 econometrics 4:356 Micronesia Oceanian society 11:256 Midas Plague, The (Pohl) 14:478 Midbrain brain, structure and function of the 11:138 Middle Ages accounting 1:15 adjudication, international 1:50 agriculture 1:215, 218 anti-Semitism 1:346 Aquinas, Thomas 1:375 art and society 5:441 bureaucracy 2:208 canon law 2:263 capital punishment 2:291 censorship 2:357 Christianity 2:434, 437 constitutional law: civil liberties 3:308 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:320 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:431 elections 5:4 federalism 5:362 feudalism 5:393 historiography, Japanese 6:415 illegitimacy 7:88 interest 7:473 labor force: hours of work 8:487 legitimacy 9:245 oligarchy 11:282 population theories 12:350 price history 12:471 public health 13:165 Robinson, James Harvey 13:534 science, history of 14:76 social contract 14:378 village 16:318 see also Feudalism
MIDDLE AMERICAN SOCIETY 10:272-285 food-producing revolution 4:249 literacy 9:414 mortality 10:499, 503 societal analysis 14:569 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:207 fol. see also Caribbean society; Latin American society; Mesoamerica Middle class class culture 15:336 community power 3:160 identification, political 7:58 India 10:407 Japanese society 10:403, 404, 405 labor relations: developing countries 8:514 liberalism 9:277 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222, 223 mental retardation 10:245 Middle American society 10:282 militarism 10:301 modernization: the bourgeoisie 10:408 moral development 10:491 national socialism 11:46 nonpartisanship 11:202 prostitution 12:595 public opinion 13:193 reward systems in industry 7:250 Russia 14:508 social control 14:387 social research 15:44 sub-Saharan African society 10:406 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:92 workers 16:571 Middle Eastern society: see Near Eastern society Middle Path Buddhism 2:168 Middle Stone Age: see Mesolithic Age Middleton, John magic 9:526 theology, primitive 15:607 Middletown (Muncie, Indiana) community power 3:161 modern society, anthropological study of 1:331
303
Midtown Manhattan Study (1963) mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:224 Mieszkowski, Peter corporation income taxes 15:544 Migrant workers agriculture 1:238 homelessness 6:497 migration: economic aspects 10:293 migration: social aspects 10:286 MIGRATION 10:286-300 SOCIAL ASPECTS 10:286-292 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 10:292-300
agriculture: labor 1:236 agriculture: price and income policies 1:251, 256 anthropology 1:310 Caribbean society 2:313 city: comparative urban structure 2:467 economic growth 4:406 famine 5:324 feudalism 5:400 genetics, demography and population 6:105 Gini, Corrado 6:189 homelessness 6:497 Indians, North American 7:182 industrialization: economic aspects 7:255, 257, 261 Kulischer, Eugene 8:465, 466 Middle American society 10:278 North Africa 1:131 nuptiality 11:223 population 12:343, 348 population composition 12:363 population distribution 12:373 population growth 12:380 population policies 12:383 population theories 12:354 refugees: world problems 13:362 rural society 13:585, 586 South Asia 1:434 Stouffer, Samuel A. 15:278 wages 16:411 see also Emigration; Immigration; Mobility Migratory selection migration: social aspects 10:288 Mikesell, Marvin W. geography, cultural 6:132
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
304
Milbrath, Lester W.
Milbrath, Lester W. decision making: political aspects 4:59 Mild transformations statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:188 Miles, Catherine C. homosexuality 14:225 sex differences 7:211 Milgram, Norman A. mental retardation 10:237 Milgram, Stanley humor 7:2 MILITARISM 10:300-305 civil-military relations 2:489 military 10:305 MILITARY 10:305-312 Anglo-American society 1:299 charisma 2:388 civil-military relations 2:487 Clausewitz, Karl von 2:511 Douhet, Giulio 4:254 educational systems 4:516 feudalism 5:397 internal warfare 7:499 Islamic countries 11:96 Israel 11:113 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:509 Mahan, Alfred Thayer 9:529 Middle American society 10:282 militarism 10:300 fol. national security 11:44 national socialism 11:47 operations research 11:290 personality measurement: situational tests 12:51 planning, resource 12:138 political sociology 12:303 South American society 15:67 space, outer: political and legal aspects 15:83 stratification, social 15:329 Military Appeals, Court of (U.S.) 10:315 Military base internal warfare: guerrilla warfare 7:504 Military-civil relations: see Civil-military relations Military government 10:316
INDEX MILITARY LAW 10:312-319 international crimes 7:517 internment and custody 8:141 MILITARY POLICY 10:319-325 civil-military relations 2:492 diplomacy 4:191 disarmament 4:192 economic warfare 4:468 foreign policy 5:534 integration, regional 7:527 international relations 8:65 limited war 9:302 fol. militarism 10:300 military 10:306 national security 11:41 negotiation 11:117 science-government relations 14:102 strategy 15:281 MILITARY POWER POTENTIAL 10:325-333 dis arm ament 4:193 international politics 8:55 limited war 9:302 national security 11:41 science-government relations 14:101 technology and international relations 15:590 MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY 10:333-340 Bingham, Walter V. 2:78 engineering psychology 5:82 military 10:309 Stouffer, Samuel A. 15:278 Military Standard 105 quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:228 Military theory Clausewitz, Karl von 2:511 Douhet, Giulio 4:254 Mill, James civil disobedience 2:476 Mill, John Stuart 10:341 MILL, JOHN STUART 10:340-348 POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS
10:340-344 ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTIONS 10:344-348
Austrian School 4:459 causation 2:350 colonialism: political aspects 3:3
communication, mass 3:56 duty 4:320 freedom 5:557 generations 6:88 justice 8:345 nation 11:7 nationalism 11:67 optimum population theory 12:359 Rae, John 13:306 Sidgwick, Henry 14:235 sociology 15:10 Thornton, Henry 16:16 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:172 utilitarianism 16:225 fol., 232 Verstehen 16:310 wages 16:399 MILLAR, JOHN 10:348-349 MILLENARISM 10:349-362 Christianity 2:428 collective behavior 2:560 Mooney, James 10:479 nativism and revivalism 11:75 fol. time: social organization 16:41 Miller, Daniel R. defense mechanisms 4:68 Miller, George A. information theory 7:333 language, psychology of 9:7 Miller, J. C. legal system 9:64 Miller, James G. perception, unconscious 11:580 systems analysis 14:454 systems analysis, psychological 15:486 Miller, Kent crisis 3:511 Miller, Neal E. aggression 1:172 brain stimulation 11:152 conflict: psychological aspects 3:222, 224 drives, acquired 4:281 imitation 7:96 learning 9:124 learning theory 9:191 Miller, Walter B. class culture 15:334 MILLS, C. WRIGHT 10:362-364 civil-military relations 2:494 economy and society 4:505 political sociology 12:303 social class 15:309
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Mitchell, William C.
social problems 14:454 Veblen, Thorstein 16:307 Verstehen 16:312 Mills, Judson cohesion, social 2:545 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:619, 621 Mills, Theodore M. coalitions 2:530 Milner, Alfred Toynbee, Arnold 16:115 Milton, John censorship 2:357 communication, mass 3:56 Mincer, Jacob capital, human 2:284 Mind Cooley, Charles H. 3:379, 381 Hobhouse, L. T. 6:489 interaction, social 7:431 knowledge, sociology of 8:432 Mead, George Herbert 10:85 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:485 Washburn, Margaret Floy 16:476 Mind-body problem Descartes, Rene 4:129 Freud, Sigmund 6:5 interaction, social 7:434 interaction, symbolic 4:441 mental disorders: experimental study 10:164 Schlick, Moritz 14:55 Spinoza 15:136 Stout, G. F. 15:281 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:10 Verstehen 16:308, 310, 312 Mindon (Burmese ruler) Southeast Asia 1:430 Miner, Horace M. community-society continua 3:177 Mines, Bureau of (U.S.) government statistics 6:234 Ming dynasty Chinese political thought 2:406 Chinese society 2:411 historiography, Chinese 6:401 Ming-i tai-fang lu (Huang Tsung-hsi) Chinese political thought 2:407 Miniature situations test personality measurement 12:51 Minifundia Middle American societv 10:280
Minimal sufficient statistic sufficiency 15:368 Minimax estimation point estimation 5:144, 145 Minimax principle decision making: psychological aspects 4:35 decision theory 4:64 game theory: theoretical aspects 6:64 multivariate analysis: classification and discrimination 10:556 von Neumann, John 16:385 Minimum chi-square estimator counted data 3:420 goodness of fit 6:204 Minimum power theory coalition formation 2:532 Minimum-wage legislation 16:408, 418 Brandeis, Louis Dembitz 2:144 industrial disputes, settlement of 8:509 welfare state 16:516 Mining labor unions: influence on wages 8:545 sub-Saharan African society 1:151 Ministers: see Clergy Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 12:32, 38, 39. 41, 43 traits 16:126 Minnesota Vocational Interest Inventory 16:346, 348 Minoan period architecture 1:394 MINORITIES 10:365-371 assimilation 1:438 constitutional law: civil rights 3:312 constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:302 delinquency 4:90, 94 discrimination, economic 4:208 drug addiction : social aspects 4:300 ethnic groups 5:167 Lundberg, George 9:493 millenarism 10:354, 356 police 12:176 population composition 12:369 prejudice 12:440, 445
305
race relations: world perspectives 13:269 religious observance 13:425 revolution 13:504 speech community 9:385 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:374 see also Ethnic groups Minority rule voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:368 Miocene Epoch evolution, human 5:218 evolution, primate 5:213 Mir communism, Soviet 3:103 see also Communes Miranda v. Arizona privacy 12:486 Mirror for Americans (Brown) 2:155 Miscegenation eugenics 5:194 race relations: world perspectives 13:272 Mises, Ludwig von: see Von Mises, Ludwig Mises, Richard von: see Von Mises, Richard Mishnah canon law 2:267 Judaism 8:273 MISSELDEN, EDWARD 10:371-373 Mun, Thomas 10:560 Missionaries race relations: world perspectives 13:273 religious specialists: sociological study 13:451 Missouri Plan judicial administration 8:299 Misuse of office: see Office, Misuse of MITCHELL, WESLEY C. 10:373-378 business cycles 2:230 economic data 4:365 Historical School 4:457 Institutional School 4:464 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:426 Veblen, Thorstein 16:306 Mitchell. William C. systems analysis, political 15:473, 475
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings: SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
306
Mitrany, David
Mitrany, David integration, functional 7:534, 537 Mittermaier, Anton comparative public law 13:185 Miwok Indians 7:190 Mixed normal distributions (compound normal distributions) 4:236 errors in statistical assumptions 5:133, 134
Mixing distributions 4:235 Mixtures, Finite distributions, mixtures of 4:236 Mixtures of distributions (compound distributions) 4:235 distributions, approximations to 4:233 distributions, special discrete 4:220, 221 factor analysis 5:275 latent structure 9:33 statistical identifiability 15:202 statistics 15:214, 221 Yule, G. Udny 16:590 Miyamoto, S. Frank status, social 15:253 Mizrachi Zionism 16:594 Mo Tzu Chinese political thought 2:400 Moala componential analysis 3:188 Mobility: see Geographical mobility; Labor mobility; Occupational mobility; Social mobility Mobs collective behavior 2:559 mass phenomena 10:56, 57 see also Crowds Moche civilization urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:213 Modal personality Linton, Ralph 9:389 personality, political 12:15 Model identifiability statistical identifiability 15:201 Modell, Walter psychopharmacology 4:287 Models, Aggregate econometric: see Econometric models, Aggregate
INDEX MODELS, MATHEMATICAL 10:378-386 attention 1:446 business cycles 2:245 capital 2:277 central place 2:368 decision making: psychological aspects 4:35 functional analysis 6:41 game theory: theoretical aspects 6:62 hypothesis testing 7:40 information theory 7:331 latent structure 9:33 learning theory 9:192 negotiation 11:117 operations research 11:293 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:105, 106 point estimation 5:142, 143, 146 population 12:342 queues 13:259 Richardson, Lewis Fry 13:516 scaling 14:27 simulation: economic processes 14:269 simulation: individual behavior 14:262 statics and dynamics in economics 15:175 statistical identifiability 15:201 systems analysis 14:455, 456 systems analysis, political 15:477 verbal learning 9:163 Modelski, George communism, international 3:127 systems analysis, international 15:483 Modern society aging 1:188 anthropological study 1:330 rural society 13:583 see also Industrial society; Mass society Moderns Kapitalismus, Der (Sombart) 15:58 MODERNIZATION 10:386-409 SOCIAL ASPECTS 10:386-395 POLITICAL ASPECTS 10:395-402 THE BOURGEOISIE IN MODERNIZING SOCIETIES 10:402-409 agriculture 1:259
agriculture: developing countries 1:261 Chinese society 2:424 civil-military relations 2:489 consensus 3:267 democracy 4:117 economic growth 4:395, 402 education and society 4:520 educational systems 4:513 government statistics 6:232 Hinduism 6:364 industrialization: social aspects 7:264, 267 industry, small 7:272 Islamic countries 11:100 Japanese society 8:236, 247 local government 9:458 military power potential 10:327 nation 11:11 North African society 1:130 population 12:345 power transition 12:416 rural society 13:583, 585 socialism 14:526 societal analysis 14:567 stratification, social 15:327 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:360 Modigliani, Franco consumption function 3:364 Modoc Indians 7:188 Mohammed: see Muhammad Mohammedanism: see Islam Mohawk Indians 7:195 Mohism Chinese political thought 2:400 Moieties componential analysis 3:189 Indians, North American 7:185, 187, 189, 195, 196 MOIVRE, ABRAHAM DE 10:409-411 Gauss, Carl Friedrich 6:76 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:24 runs 11:190 statistical method, history of 15:226 Moksa Hinduism 6:359 Molina, Luis de economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:435
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-" |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Money, Quantity theory of
Moment, David leadership: psychological aspects 9:93 Moment generating function distributions, special discrete 4:222 multivariate analysis 10:529 probability, formal 12:495 Moments, Method of distributions, approximations to 4:231 distributions, mixtures of 4:237 point estimation 5:146 Mon-Khmer (people) historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:422 Monahan, Thomas P. family 5:318 MONARCHY 10:412-415 Bagehot, Walter 1:501 Burke, Edmund 2:223 constitutional law: civil liberties 3:309 falangism 5:290 federalism 5:355 government 6:221 Hintze, Otto 6:367 Kautilya 8:355 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:509 Montesquieu 10:471 parliamentary government 11:420 Quesnay, Francois 13:246 responsibility 13:498 sovereignty 15:79 state 15:152 Vico, Giovanni Battista 16:315 see also Kingship MONASTICISM 10:415-419 Buddhism 2:168, 171, 176 Christianity 2:432, 433, 434 homelessness 6:496 religious organization 13:431, 435 sects and cults 14:133 time: social organization 16:33 Monetary and Financial Conference (Bretton Woods) international monetary organization 8:20 Monetary economics, International: see International monetary economics Monetary equilibrium income and employment theory 7:127
Monetary index: see Divisia index MONETARY POLICY 10:419-426 balance of payments 8:1 banking, central 2:8 communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:150 exchange rates 8:16 financial intermediaries 5:436 fiscal policy 5:460, 466 Fisher, Irving 5:480 income and employment theory 7:128 innovation 7:343 installment credit 7:359 investment function, aggregate 8:188, 192 liquidity preference 9:396, 405, 407, 408 Newcomb, Simon 11:173 Robertson, Dennis Holme 13:530 Simons, Henry C. 14:260 Walras, Leon 16:451 Wicksell, Knut 16:543 see also Fiscal policy Monetary reform 10:453 Fisher, Irving 5:480 Monetary reserves, International 8:18, 24 Monetary standard 10:427 MONEY 10:426-457 GENERAL 10:426-432 QUANTITY THEORY 10:432-447 VELOCITY OF CIRCULATION 10:447453 MONETARY REFORM 10:453-457
Aftalion, Albert 1:155 banking 1:512 banking, central 2:1 Bresciani-Turroni, Constantino 2:150 communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:150 cost 3:405 credit 3:461 Davidson, David 4:18 debt, public 4:31 economic anthropology 4:361 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:430, 434 economics 4:480 financial intermediaries 5:432, 436 fiscal policy 5:462
307
Fisher, Irving 5:477, 480 Hawtrey, R. G. 6:328 income and employment theory 7:126 inflation and deflation 7:289 interaction, social 7:440 interest 7:480 international trade 8:91 Knapp, Georg Friedrich 8:422 Knies, Karl 8:422 labor unions: influence on wages 8:541 Law, John 9:78, 79,80 liquidity preference 9:394, 404, 407 Marshall, Alfred 10:31 mercantilism 4:437 Mitchell, Wesley C. 10:376 monetary policy 10:419 Miiller, Adam Heinrich 10:522 Mun, Thomas 10:560 North, Dudley 11:213 Oresme, Nicole 11:296, 297 political financing 12:235 price history 12:472, 474 prostitution 12:592 Schlesinger, Karl 14:51 Serra, Antonio 14:193 Simmel, Georg 14:254, 255 stock-flow analysis 15:276 systems analysis, social 15:465, 470 taxation 15:522, 525 Thornton, Henry 16:14, 15 Torrens, Robert 16:106 utility 16:243, 246 von Mises, Ludwig 16:379 Walras, Leon 16:451 Walker, Francis A. 16:439 Wicksell, Knut 16:541 see also Currency; Monetary policy; Monetary reform; Money, Quantity theory of; Velocity of circulation Money, Quantity theory of 10:432 Bodin, Jean 2:111 Fisher, Irving 5:478 Hume, David 6:549 inflation and deflation 7:291, 296 Keynes, John Maynard 8:371 liquidity preference 9:395 Viti de Marco, Antonio De 16:344
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-" I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
308
Money illusion
Money illusion communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:148 income and employment theory 7:130 inflation and deflation 7:291, 297 Money in Elections (Overacker) 12:237 Mongolia pastoralism 11:458 Monism Figgis, John Neville 5:424 political opinion 13:203 Moniz, Antonio Egas mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:204 Monkeys affection 1:123 aggression: psychological aspects 1:170 evolution, human 5:217, 218, 219, 220 evolution, primate 5:212, 213 mental disorders: experimental study 10:166 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:152 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:210, 211, 213 social behavior, animal 14:348, 351, 353, 356 stimulation drives 15:267, 270 Monks monasticism 10:415 religious organization 13:431 Monoamine oxidase mental disorders: biological aspects 10:146 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:200, 205 psychosis 13:134 Monogamy nuptiality 11:224 Monogenesis race 13:265 Monopolistic competition 3:184 firm, theory of the 5:455 internal trade 7:496 markets and industries 9:579 monopoly 10:460, 461 oligopoly 11:286 resale price maintenance 13:480
INDEX MONOPOLY 10:457-467 agriculture: marketing 1:248 antitrust legislation 1:350 fol. Auspitz, Rudolf 1:470 cartels and trade associations 2:320 Clark, John Bates 2:507 colonialism: economic aspects 3:7 competition 3:185 corporation 3:397, 400 Cournot, Antoine Augustin 3:429 economic equilibrium 4:384 economic history 6:470 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:433 economics 4:483 Edgeworth, Francis Ysidro 4:507 export subsidies and dumping 8:123 firm, theory of the 5:455 George, Henry 6:153 Gervaise, Isaac 6:156 income distribution: functional share 7:139 industrial concentration 7:220 internal trade 7:496, 497 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:127 licensing, occupational 9:284 Lieben, Richard 1:470 markets and industries 9:577 medical personnel 10:106 nationalization 11:71, 72 oligopoly 11:283, 286 Oppenheimer, Franz 11:295 patents 11:465, 467, 468 profit 12:549, 551
regulation of industry 13:396 Simons, Henry C. 14:261 Smith, Adam 14:327 state trading 8:138 wages 16:400 Monopoly capitalism 2:298 imperialism 7:104 Monopsony monopoly 10:464
wages 16:399, 400 Monotheism Schmidt, Wilhelm 14:57 Monotone models scaling 14:35
Monotonic transformations statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:187 Monozygotic twins mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:128, 130 Mont Pelerin Society capitalism 2:298 Montagnais Indians 7:194 culture 3:552 Montanari, Germiniano utility 16:238 Monte Carlo method fallacies, statistical 5:298 latent structure 9:36 queues 13:259 random numbers 13:309 simulation: economic processes 14:272 simulation: individual behavior 14:263 simultaneous equation estimation 14:291, 292, 293 time series: cycles 16:74 Montefiore, Moses Zionism 16:594 MONTESQUIEU 10:467-476 anthropology: comparative method 1:344 comparative law and legal systems 9:206 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:323 law: the legal system 9:59 political recruitment and careers 12:278 political theory 12:326 public law, comparative 13:184 MONTESSORI, MARIA 10:476-478 Montfort, Simon de canon law 2:264 Monuments architecture 1:394 Moods emotion 5:35 Mooers, Calvin information storage and retrieval 7:302 MOONEY, JAMES 10:478-479 acculturation 1:23 Moonlighting labor force: hours of work 8:489
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-" j_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Mormons
Moore, Barrington, Jr. totalitarianism 16:107 Moore, G. E. utilitarianism 16:227, 225 Moore, Geoffrey H. time series: general 16:51 MOORE, HENRY L. 10:479-481 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:106, 108, 111 econometrics 4:351 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:426 Schultz, Henry 14:65 MOORE, JOHN BASSETT 10:481-483 Moore, Wilbert E. stratification, social 15:290 Moral code duty 4:322 MORAL DEVELOPMENT 10:483-494 ethical issues in the social sciences 5:165 mental retardation 10:230 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:10 Moral Equivalent of War, The (James) 8:232 Moral judgment 10:483, 487, 488, 490 Dewey, John 4:157 Westermarck, Edward 16:530 Moral law political theory 12:309 Moral order urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:218 Moral philosophy Darwin, Charles 4:13 Ferguson, Adam 5:370 honor 6:504 Levy-Bruhl, Lucien 9:263 see also Ethics Moral relativism culture 3:545 Moral responsibility 13:496 Moral statistics: see Statistique morale Morale collective behavior 2:559 group performance 6:291 human relations 7:242 individual psychology 7:217
industrial relations: the sociology of work 7:232, 233 workers 16:568 Morals and morality Austin, John 1:471 Burke, Edmund 2:222 censorship 2:358 conservation: political and social aspects 3:277 Cooper, John M. 3:384 crime: offense patterns 3:479 Durkheim, Emile 4:315 duty 4:322, 323 education and society 4:518 Ferguson, Adam 5:370 freedom 5:558 historiography, Chinese 6:400, 402 honor 6:504 Kautilya 8:355 Kelsen, Hans 8:362 Knight, Frank H. 8:427 Levy-Bruhl, Lucien 9:263 Lippmann, Walter 9:392 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:507 Mill, John Stuart 10:342 moral development 10:483, 486, 487, 489 myth and symbol 10:577 office, misuse of 11:274, 275 prejudice: social discrimination 12:449 science, philosophy of 14:87 utilitarianism 16:225, 228 values 16:286 see also Moral development Moran, P. A. P. geography, statistical 6:148 time series: general 16:53 More, Thomas civil disobedience 2:477 literature: political fiction 9:432 Morel, B. A. criminology 3:506 Moreno, Jacob L. group psychotherapy 10:185 groups 6:259 role: psychological aspects 13:546 sociometry 15:53 therapeutic community 10:210 Mores Montesquieu 10:473 norms 11:205
309
Sumner, William Graham 15:407 see also Customs (culture) Morgan, Christiana D. Thematic Apperception Test 12:573 Morgan, Clifford T. motivation 10:511 MORGAN, CONWY LLOYD 10:495-496 problem solving 12:505 psychology, comparative 13:51 MORGAN, LEWIS HENRY 10:496-498 anthropology 1:310 Bachofen, Johann Jakob 1:493 Bandelier, Adolph 1:512 culture 3:534 evolution, cultural 5:223, 224 Indians, North American 7:180, 197, 198 kinship 8:393 McLennan, John Ferguson 9:518 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:532 marriage alliance 10:19 nativism and revivalism 11:76 social structure 14:483 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:175 urban revolution 16:201 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:219 Morgan, Lloyd: see Morgan, Conwy Lloyd Morgenstern, Oskar Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:123 coalitions 2:525, 528 decision making: economic aspects 4:52 decision making: psychological aspects 4:35 game theory: economic applications 6:69 von Neumann, John 16:385 Morgenthau, Hans balance of power 1:509 international relations 8:61 national interest 11:35, 37 political science 12:293 Morishima, Michio aggregation 1:166 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:420 Mormons 14:133
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
310
Morocco
Morocco North African society 1:125 fol. Morphemes language and culture 9:19 Morphine drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:290 fol. drug addiction: social aspects 4:299 Morphological analysis reason analysis 13:341 Morphology ecology 4:330 ethology 5:188 language, psychology of 9:7 Rdheim, Geza 13:544 social structure 14:491 style 15:359 Morphology of Landscape, The (Sauer) 8:576 Morrell, Frank learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:158, 159 Morrill, Richard L. geography, statistical 6:149 Morrill Act (U.S. 1862) universities 16:195 Morris, Jeremy N. epidemiology 5:99 Morris, R. T. leadership: psychological aspects 9:92 Morse, Nancy C. Allport, Floyd H. 1:273 Morse distributions 4:219 Morselli, Enrico suicide: social aspects 15:378 MORTALITY 10:498-504 cohort analysis 2:549 death and bereavement 4:21 economic growth 4:400, 401, 405 famine 5:324 fertility 5:373, 375 food: world problems 5:503 life tables 9:293 fol. population 12:348 population composition 12:366 population growth 12:380 population policies 12:383 population theories 12:356 social change 14:371 Sundt, Eilert Lund 15:410
INDEX vital statistics 16:343 see also Death Mortality rates Graunt, John 6:253 life tables 9:293 fol. population composition 12:364 social research 15:46 Mortality tables: see Life tables Mortgages consumer assets 3:346 credit, agricultural 3:468 credit, government 3:463 Moruzzi, G. motivation 10:511 MOSCA, GAETANO 10:504-507 civil-military relations 2:490 elites 5:28 leadership: sociological aspects 9:102 Michels, Robert 10:266 politics, comparative 12:331 Moses, Leon N. spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:104 Moshav Ovdim Israel 11:104, 107, 112 Moslem: see Muslim Mosque North African society 1:134 Most Ancient East, The (Childe) 2:390 Most favored nation state trading 8:139 tariffs and protectionism 8:114 trade agreements 8:130, 135 Mosteller, Frederick decision making: psychological aspects 4:35 errors, nonsampling 5:128 nonparametric statistics 11:187, 188 Motion perception 11:530 Motion pictures: see Film (cinema) MOTIVATION 10:507-522 MOTIVATION: THE CONCEPT 10:507-514 MOTIVATION: HUMAN MOTIVATION
10:514-522 administrative behavior 1:75, 76 advertising research 1:112 causation 2:354
creativity: psychological aspects 3:438
culture and personality 3:562, 563 deviant behavior 4:153 dramatism 7:445 drives, acquired 4:281, 282, 283, 285 drives, physiological 4:276, 277 emotion 5:36 ethology 5:189, 190 expressive behavior 5:263 fatigue 5:347 field theory 5:407 group formation 6:277, 282 homeostasis 6:501 Hull, Clark L. 6:537 human relations in industry 7:243 industrial and business psychology 7:226 industrialization: social aspects 7:266 interaction, social 7:433 interviewing: personality appraisal 8:165, 166 interviewing: social research 8:152 learning 9:121, 123 Lewin, Kurt 9:267 mental retardation 10:239 migration: social aspects 10:288 military power potential 10:330 military psychology 10:335 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:152, 154 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:139 organizations 11:302 pain 11:362 perception, social 11:569 personality 11:589, 592 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:3 personality development 11:607 power 12:409 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:14, 21, 23 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:42 psychology, applied 13:88, 91 psychology, comparative 13:55 psychology, physiological 13:63 psychopathic personality 13:114 reaction time 13:331
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Multivariate analysis
reinforcement learning 9:140 religion, sociology of 13:410 representational behavior 13:477 Schutz, Alfred 14:73 science, sociology of 14:97 scientific explanation 14:119 self concept 14:151 social control 14:383 social movements 14:440 socialization, adult 14:559, 561 Stern, William 15:264 stimulation drives 15:267 stress 15:342 suicide: psychological aspects 15:392 thinking 15:613 time: psychological aspects 15:27 typologies 16:180 values 16:284 Woodworth, Robert S. 16:562 workers 16:569 Motivation, Achievement: see Achievement motivation Motivation and Behavior (Frenkel-Brunswik ) 5:560 Motivation research advertising 1:112 communication, mass 3:48 consumer research 9:572 Motor development 14:185 Mott, Rodney L. judicial behavior 8:308 judicial recruitment 8:323 Mountcastle, Vernon B. skin senses and kinesthesis 14:305 Mourning death and bereavement 4:21, 24 depressive disorders 4:125 Mouton, Jane S. conformity 3:256 Movements: see Agrarian movements; Millenarism; Nationalist movements; Nativistic movements; Revitalization movements; Social movements Movies: see Film (cinema) Moving averages time series: advanced problems 16:64 time series: general 16:50 Mowrer, O. Hobart anxiety 1:359, 360 drives, acquired 4:284
imitation 7:97 learning theory 9:192 Moxo Indians Nordenskiold, Erland 11:203 Mozambique literacy 9:413 Msiri sub-Saharan African society 1:146 Muaco, Venezuela hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:15 Mudra (gesture, Indian drama) 4.- 256 Mugwumps Bryce, James 2:160 Muhammad historiography, Islamic 6:407, 411 Islam 8:204 Muir, A. R. skin senses and kinesthesis 14:301 MULLER, ADAM HEINRICH 10:522-523 Historical School 4:454 MULLER, GEORG ELIAS 10:523-525 Titchener, Edward B. 16:89 verbal learning 9:161 MULLER, JOHANNES 10:525-527 Bell, Charles 2:47 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:346 senses 14:174 Miiller, Max Lang; Andrew 8:581 Multidimensional scaling statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:192 Multilateral aid foreign aid: economic aspects 5:524, 525, 526 foreign aid: political aspects 5:517 Multilateral disarmament 4:196 Multilateral treaties 7:553 Multinomial distributions 4:222 counted data 3:420 hypothesis testing 7:40 multivariate analysis 10:536 Multinomial distributions, Negative: see Negative multinomial distributions Multi-phase sampling quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:227
311
Multiple bonds factor analysis: psychological applications 5:284 Multiple comparisons errors in statistical assumptions 5:137 hypothesis testing 7:46 linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:337 nonparametric statistics 11:199 significance, tests of 14:246 statistics 15:212, 213 Multiple correlation 10:542, 550 Multiple factor analysis scaling 14:38 Spearman, C. E. 14:109 Thurstone, L. L. 16:24 Multiple regression linear hypotheses: regression 9:316 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:542 survey analysis: applications in economics 15:432 time series: general 16:54 Multiplier consumption function 3:360 income and employment theory 7:125 international trade 8:93 international trade: mathematical theory 8:101 Keynes, John Maynard 8:370 money: quantity theory 10:444 MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS 10:527-559 OVERVIEW 10:527-537 CORRELATION (1) 10:537-545 CORRELATION (2) 10:545-553 CLASSIFICATION AND DISCRIMINATION 10:553-559 analysis of variance 9:336 Bayesian inference 2:31 clustering 2:519 counted data 3:417 decision theory 4:62 distributions, special continuous 4:227 errors in statistical assumptions 5:137 factor analysis: psychological application 5:284
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indij_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
312
Multivariate distributions
factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:275 Fisher, R. A. 5:490 Galton, Francis 6:51 Girshick, Meyer A. 6:192 information theory 7:335 latent structure 9:33 linear hypotheses: regression 9:321 nonparametric statistics 11:182 organizations: methods of research 11:337, 339 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:191 statistical method, history of 15:230 statistics 15:213 survey analysis 15:415, 416 time series: advanced problems 16:67 Wilks, S. S. 16:551 Multivariate distributions distributions, special discrete 4:222 latent structure 9: 33 multivariate analysis 10:527 variances, statistical study of 16:295 Multivariate inference Bayesian inference 2:31 Multivariate normal distributions 10:528 distributions, special discrete 4:228 Multivariate normal sample multivariate analysis 10:529 Multivariate truncation statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:200 Mumford, Lewis time: social organization 16:38 MUN, THOMAS 10:560-561 mercantilism 4:438 Mundell, Robert A. international trade 8:94 Mundlak, Yair aggregation 1:166 MUNSTERBERG, HUGO 10:561562 Allport, Floyd H. 1:271 Holt, Edwin B. 6:494
INDEX
Murder 3:490 capital punishment 2:292 offense patterns 3:481 see also Homicide Murdock, George P. anthropology 1:312 anthropology, comparative method in 1:340 culture area 3:565 culture change 3:557 culture history 6:454, 455 ethnology 5:179, 181, 182 family: comparative structure 5:303 family: disorganization and dissolution 5:316 Indians, North American 7:198 kinship 8:395 marriage: family formation 10:7 social structure 14:483 Murngin (people) marriage: comparative analysis 10:11 stateless society 15:162, 165 Murphy, Gardner parapsychology 11:387 self concept 14:152 Murphy, Robert conflict: anthropological aspects 3:239 Murray, Edward J. conflict: psychological aspects 3:224 Murray, Henry A. fantasy 5:329 literature, psychology of 9:429 motivation, human 10:517, 520 personality 11:592, 596 Thematic Apperception Test 12:573 Murray's Lessee et al. v. Hoboken Land and Improvement Co. constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:306 Muscles eye movements 16:327 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:302 Musgrave, Richard A. sales and excise taxes 15:553 MUSIC 10:562-575 ETHNOMUSICOLOGY 10:562-566 MUSIC AND SOCIETY 10:566-575
aesthetics 1:118
Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:348 North Africa 1:135 Stumpf, Carl 15:351 sub-Saharan Africa 1:153 Wertheimer, Max 16:523 Muskogean language 7:194, 196 Muslims 8:202 Mussen, Paul H. conformity 3:257 Mussolini, Benito fascism 5:334 socialism 14:519 Mutations eugenics 5:194, 195 evolution, human 5:215 evolution and behavior 5:234 Fisher, R. A. 5:490 genetics, demography and population 6:104 genetics and behavior 6:98 genetics and race 6:111 Mu'tazilism Islam 8:210 Muth, John F. distributed lags 4:216 Mutiny Act (England 1689) military law 10:312 Mutterrecht, Das (Bachofen) 1:493 Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution (Kropotkin) 8:464 anarchism 1:283 cooperation 3:387 sympathy and empathy 15:443 Mutualism Proudhon, Pierre Joseph 12:605, 606 Mycenaean architecture 1:394 Myelin sheath nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:131 Myerson, Abraham therapeutic community 10:210 Myopia visual defects 16:337 Myrdal, Gunnar ideology and the social system 7:82 prejudice 12:441 MYRES, JOHN LINTON 10:575-576 Mysticism Levy-Bruhl, Lucien 9:264, 265 monasticism 10:415, 416 sects and cults 14:135
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS i j_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Nation-state
INDEX MYTH AND SYMBOL 10:576-582 folklore 5:499 Mauss, Marcel 10:80 Myth of the Negro Past, The (Herskovits) 6:353 Myths Abraham, Karl 1:3 Boas, Franz 2:104 folklore 5:497 historiography, African 6:398 Lang, Andrew 8:580 millenarism 10:357 myth and symbol 10:576 Oceanian society 11:259 periodization 11:581 Rank, Otto 13:315 religion: anthropological study 13:405 ritual 13:521, 525 Sorel, Georges 15:60 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:173
N NAACP: see National Association for the Advancement of Colored People NASA: see National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASD: see National Association of Securities Dealers NASW: see National Association of Social Workers NATO: see North Atlantic Treaty Organization n Achievement: see Achievement motivation NEP: see New Economic Policy NIFA: see Nonbank indirect financial assets NIH: see National Institutes of Health NIRA: see National Industrial Recovery Act NNP: see Net national product NSC: see National Security Council NSSE: see National Society for the Study of Education NUJ: see National Union of Journalists NADEL, S. F. 11:1-3 age differentiation 1:159
[
anthropology 1:322, 329 feud 5:389 magic 9:525 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:440 societies, small 14:572 theology, primitive 15:606 Nagarjuna (philosopher) Buddhism 2:171 Nagel, Ernest functional analysis 6:38 Nagel, Stuart S. judicial recruitment 8:324 judicial values 8:318 Nair, K. R. linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:340, 342 Nakanai (people) marriage: comparative analysis 10:15
Nalorphine drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:294 Names, Generic statistics as legal evidence 15:247 NAMIER, L. B. 11:3-7 Nandi (African people) age differentiation 1:159 Nanking, Treaty of Chinese society 2:413 Napoleon I monarchy 10:414 Napoleonic Code adoption 1:98 comparative law and legal systems 9:205 Napoleonic reforms civil service 2:497 Napoleonic wars 16:458 Narayan, Jayaprakash socialism 14:529, 530 Narayana distribution distributions, special discrete 4:221 Narcissism character disorders 2:381 neurosis 11:162 Rank, Otto 13:316 Narcolepsy sleep 14:317 Narcotics: see Drugs Narcotics, Bureau of drug addiction: social aspects 4:300
313
Narcotics addiction: see Drug addiction Narmer palette city: forms and functions 2:449 Narodniki (Populists) communism, Soviet 3:103 Lenin 9:255 peasantry 11:509 Tugan-Baranovskii, Mikhail I. 16:164 Naroll, Raoul S. culture area 3:565 ethnology 5:183, 184 Narrative historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:373, 374 history, philosophy of 6:430 Nash, John F., Jr. game theory: economic applications 6:69 game theory: theoretical aspects 6:66 Naskapi Indians 7:194 Nasser, Gamal Abdel Islamic countries 11:96 neutralism and nonalignment 11:166, 169 socialism 14:527 Nataf, Andre aggregation 1:164, 165 Natchez Indians 7:196 NATION 11:7-14 Burke, Edmund 2:222 centralization and decentralization 2:372 collective security 2:565 communism, national 3:112 geography, cultural 6:133 government 6:225 international relations 8:66 international relations: ideological aspects 8:71 international trade 8:83 List, Friedrich 9:410 loyalty 9:484 national interest 11:37 national socialism 11:49 peace 11:490 representational systems 13:466 Roscher, Wilhelm 13:559 state 15:149 Nation-state collective security 2:565
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indicate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
314
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
communication, political 3:101 international integration, global 7:530 international law 7:548 international politics 8:52 Islamic countries 11:94 Meinecke, Friedrich 10:122 mercantilism 4:439 military power potential 10:325 modernization: political aspects 10:398 nationalism 11:63 systems analysis, international 15:479 National Aeronautics and Space Administration science-government relations 14:102 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:91 National Association for the Advancement of Colored People constitutional law: civil rights 3:315 DuBois, W. E. B. 4:304 race relations: world perspectives 13:274, 275 National Association of Securities Dealers 14:139, 141 National Association of Social Workers 14:503 National Bureau of Economic Research capitalism 2:301 inflation and deflation 7:296 Mitchell, Wesley C. 10:375 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:431, 435 NATIONAL CHARACTER 11:14-19 Bagehot, Walter 1:500, 501 creativity 3:453 international relations: psychological aspects 8:78 Le Bon, Gustave9:83 legal system 9:59 modern society, anthropological study of 1:334 Montesquieu 10:474 personality, political 12:15, 20 political behavior 12:209 National Confederation of Labor 15:449
National Council of Social Science Data Archives 7:306 National debt 4:28 National Economic Council isolationism 8:220 National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:372 National Health Service (United Kingdom) medical care: economic aspects 10:103 National Health Survey (U.S.) vocational rehabilitation 16:352 National income 11:19 balance of payments 8:9 Bowley, Arthur Lyon 2:135 China, Communist 4:375 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:152 consumption function 3:359, 360 fiscal policy 5:464, 465, 466 income distribution: functional share 7:133 industrialization: economic aspects 7:256 input-output analysis 7:346 King, Gregory 8:385 planning, development 12:121 population theories 12:355 rent 13:458 NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS 11:19-34 economic data 4:366 economic growth 4:410 government statistics 6:236 income and employment theory 7:123 income distribution: functional share 7:136 input-output analysis 7:345 national wealth: estimation 11:50 productivity 12:525 subsidies 15:364 National Industrial Conference Board mergers 10:251 National Industrial Recovery Act (U.S. 1933) 16:421 National Institute of Industry (Spain) 5:291
INDEX National Institute of Mental Health 10:218 National Institutes of Health science-government relations 14:103 National Insurance Act (U.S. 1911) welfare state 16:515 NATIONAL INTEREST 11:34-40 collective security 2:566 communication, political 3:100 communism, international 3:120 foreign policy 5:530 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:35 national security 11:40 see also Public interest National Labor Relations Act (U.S. 1935) welfare state 16:516 National Labor Relations Board 8:507, 508, 509 administrative law 1:81 National Liberation Front: see Front de Liberation Nationale National Museum (U.S.) Hrdlicka, Ales 6:532 National parks land: classification 8:560 National power military power potential 10:325 National product consumption function 3:358 econometric models, aggregate 4:348 national income and product accounts 11:24 fol. national wealth: estimation 11:57 productivity 12:525, 532 Quesnay, Frangois 13:246 see also Gross National Product National Resources Planning Board conservation: political and social aspects 3:272 Merriam, Charles E. 10:258 National Science Foundation information services 7:305 NATIONAL SECURITY 11:40-45 alliances 1:269 civil-military relations 2:488 economics of defense 4:485 foreign policy 5:530 international politics 8:54
j CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Natural law
INDEX militarism 10:302 military policy 10:319 space, outer: political and legal aspects 15:83 strategy 15:285 technology and international relations 15:594 National Security Act (U.S. 1947) 11:40 National Security Council 11:40 NATIONAL SOCIALISM 11:45-50 agriculture 1:208 anti-Semitism 1:345 capitalism 2:298 civil disobedience 2:481 dictatorship 4:164 fascism 5:336 government 6:218, 220 identity, psychosocial 7:64 international crimes 7:517 international relations: ideological aspects 8:73 Meinecke, Friedrich 10:123 national interest 11:39 nationalism 11:66 personality, political 12:20 radicalism 13:298 revolution 13:505 Schmitt, Carl 14:59 social movements 14:447 socialism 14:518 Spengler, Oswald 15:129 totalitarianism 16:109 Trotsky, Leon 16:157 National Society for the Study of Education 4:536 National System of Political Economy, The (List) 9:410 National Training Laboratories field theory 5:416 group performance 6:292 Lewin, Kurt 9:269 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:317 National Union of Journalists 8:270 NATIONAL WEALTH 11:50-63 ESTIMATION 11:50-59 DISTRIBUTION 11:59-63
consumer assets 3:342 economic data 4:367 financial intermediaries 5:433
national income and product accounts 11:31 NATIONALISM 11:63-70 Caribbean society 2:317 Chinese society 2:415 communism, economic organization of 3:132 communism, international 3:123 communism, national 3:112 communism, Soviet 3:107 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:424 falangism 5:289 Fanon, Frantz 5:326 fascism 5:334 federalism 5:358 Gokalp, Ziya 6:195 government 6:218 Hintze, Otto 6:367 imperialism 7:107 Indian political thought 7:176 industrialization: social aspects 7:267 integration, functional 7:534 integration, global 7:530 integration, social 7:384 international politics 8:52 international relations: ideological aspects 8:71, 73 Islamic countries 11:94, 96 Japanese society 8:236, 240; 10:405 labor relations: developing countries 8:514 limited war 9:303 loyalty 9:485 Masaryk, Thomas G. 10:53 Maurras, Charles 10:77 Meinecke, Friedrich 10:121 nation 11:8, 10, 12 peace 11:495 prejudice 12:442 radicalism 13:298 social movements 14:450 Southeast Asian society 1:435 Treitschke, Heinrich von 16:145 war 16:459 Zionism 16:593 Nationality conflict of laws 3:249 federalism 5:358 international politics 8:52 minorities 10:367
315
nation 11:7, 12 population composition 12:370 NATIONALIZATION 11:70-75 capitalism 2:299 Chinese society 2:417 communism, economic organization of 3:132 communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:147 Hobson, John A. 6:490 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:526 land reform 8:571 Latin American political movements 9:43 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:110 socialism 14:524, 525 transportation: economic aspects 16:135 see also Public ownership Nationalokonomie der Gegenwart und Zukunft, Die (Hildebrand) 6:357 Nativism 11:75 acculturation 1:22, 23 gestalt theory 6:169 perceptual development 11:535 Ross, Edward A. 13:561 see also Revivalism NATIVISM AND REVIVALISM 11:75-80 Natorei Karta Zionism 16:598 Natural and Political Observations Upon the Bills of Mortality (Graunt) 12:343 Natural history anthropology, cultural 1:316 history and the social sciences 6:435 NATURAL LAW 11:80-90 Aristotle 1:410 Blackstone, William 2:83 Burke, Edmund 2:222 canon law 2:265 civil disobedience 2:477 general will 6:86 Grotius, Hugo 6:258 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 6:342 Hobbes, Thomas 6:483 international law 7:548
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
376
Natural resources
jurisprudence 8:334, 335, 337, 338 justice 8:344 Kelsen, Hans 8:365 legislation 9:230 Locke, John 9:466 Luther, Martin 9:495 Mercier de la Riviere 10:248 Montesquieu 10:468 natural rights 11:86 political theory 12:310, 312 public law 13:178 Quesnay, Francois 13:245 social contract 14:378, 379 Sumner, William Graham 15:406 Vattel, Emer de 16:301 Whitehead, Alfred North 16:534 Natural resources conservation: economic aspects 3:279 conservation: political and social aspects 3:271 international trade: patterns of trade 8:108 national wealth: estimation 11:52 planning, development 12:120 planning, resource 12:137 fol. social behavior, animal: the regulation of animal populations 14:361 Southeast Asia 1:429 statics and dynamics in economics 15:169 sub-Saharan Africa 1:130 technology 15:580 NATURAL RIGHTS 11:85-90 civil disobedience 2:476 equality 5:102 Hobbes, Thomas 6:483, 485 human rights 6:540 natural law 11:80, 81, 83 social contract 14:376, 379 socialist economic thought 4:447 Natural science anthropology 1:339 historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:369, 370, 373, 387 Schutz, Alfred 14:73 Natural selection Darwin, Charles 4:8, 10 ethology 5:188 eugenics 5:195 evolution 5:207
INDEX evolution, human 5:215, 216, 221 evolution and behavior 5:235, 238 genetics and race 6:111 social Darwinism 14:403 fol. utilitarianism 16:231 Natural theology theology, primitive 15:605 Natural village Chinese society 2:419 Nature-nurture issue creativity 3:447 mental retardation 10:230 Nature of Capital and Income, The (Fisher) 5:477
Nature of the Judicial Process, The (Cardozo) 2:303 adjudication 1:45 Naturphilosophie Freud, Sigmund 6:5, 7 Navaho Witchcraft (Kluckhohn) 8:420 Navajo Indians 7:190 acculturation 1:24 food: consumption patterns 5:511 functional analysis 6:31, 32, 33, 38 Kluckhohn, Clyde 8:419 value systems 16:290 Naval warfare Mahan, Alfred Thayer 9: 528 Nayar (caste) descent groups 8:404 family: comparative structure 5:309 marriage: comparative analysis 10:14
Nazism: see National Socialism Ndembu (people) sanctions 14:3 Neanderthal man evolution, human 5:216 NEAR EASTERN SOCIETY 11:90116 THE ISLAMIC COUNTRIES 11:90-
101 ISRAEL 11:101-116
academic freedom 1:9 agriculture: comparative technology 1:205 architecture 1:393 domestication, animal 4:253 food-producing revolution 4:247
foreign aid: economic aspects 5:522, 523 hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:12 integration, regional 7:527 Islam 8:202, 203 modernization: the bourgeoisie 10:407, 408 neutralism and nonalignment 11:169 North Africa 1:125 pan movements 11:368 refugees: world problems 13:366 Smith, William Robertson 14:333 Snouck Hurgronje, Christiaan 14:340 socialism 14:527 urban revolution 16:202 fol. see also individual countries Nearsightedness: see Myopia Needham, I. Rodney marriage alliance 10:22 Needham, Joseph time: social organization 16:32 Needs cohesion, social 2:544 creativity 3:449 drives, physiological 4:277 learning 9:124 norms 11:206 personality 11:592, 593 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:4 social institutions 14:411, 412, 414 social institutions: comparative study 14:426, 427 Thematic Apperception Test 12:574 utility 16:250 values 16:284 see also Drives; Motivation Negative binomial distributions 4:220 distributions, mixtures of 4:238, 239 Yule, G. Udny 16:590 Negative exponential distributions 4:225 distributions, special discrete 4:228, 229 quality control, statistical: reliability and life testing 13:236 queues 13:258 see also Exponential distributions
I CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers.J
INDEX
Nervous system
Negative multinomial distributions 4:222 Negative reinforcement 9:136, 137 utopianism 16:272 Negligence criminal law 3:497 Negotiable instruments 1:514 NEGOTIATION 11:117-120 collective bargaining 8:497 communication, political: international aspects 3:96 disarmament 4:196, 197, 198 Negrin, Juan Cannon, Walter B. 2:262 Negrito: see Pygmies Negro, American acculturation 1:22, 24 assimilation 1:439, 440, 442 attitudes 1:455, 456 civil disobedience 2:482 community disorganization 3:167 consensus 3:269 constitutional law: civil rights 3:312, 314 delinquency 4:77 discrimination, economic 4:209 DuBois, W. E. B. 4:304 Frazier, E. Franklin 5:553 Herskovits, Melville Jean 6:353 homicide 3:491 humor 7:5 ideology and the social system 7:77, 80, 82 illegitimacy 7:87 Johnson, Charles S. 8:262 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222 Middle American society 10:275 migration: social aspects 10:288 minorities 10:366 Odum, Howard W. 11:271 Park, Robert E. 11:416 police 12:176 political participation 12:256 prejudice 12:444, 446, 448 race 13:264 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:278, 280 race relations: world perspectives 13:270, 274 segregation 14:146 self concept 14:154 social movements 14:444
Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:93 wages 16:410 Nehru, Jawaharlal international relations: ideological aspects 8:72 neutralism and nonalignment 11:166, 169, 171 NEIGHBORHOOD 11:121-125 city: forms and functions 2:450 general will 6:87 housing: social aspects 6:518 land: economic aspects 8:555 village 16:318 Neighborhood effect diffusion of innovations 4:174 Neisser, Hans economic equilibrium 4:378 Nenni, Pietro socialism 14:526 Neobehaviorism Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:485 Neoclassical School Clark, John Bates 2:505 Fisher, Irving 5:476 interest 7:481 Jevons, William Stanley 8:255 Knight, Frank H. 8:424 labor unions: theories of the labor movement 8:517, 521 laissez-faire 8:548 liquidity preference 9:394 Marshall, Alfred 10:25 Pigou, Arthur Cecil 12:90 profit 12:549 wages 16:401 Neocolonialism 3:11 Neo-Confucianism Chinese political thought 2:404 historiography, Chinese 6:401 Neo-idealism Verstehen 16:311 Neo-Kantianism Cassirer, Ernst 2:331 Verstehen 16:311 Neolithic Age Childe, V. Gordon 2:392 food-producing revolution 4:245 hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:10 primitive art 12:478 Neomercantilism colonialism: economic aspects 3:8, 10, 11
317
Neoplatonism alienation 1:264 Islam 8:211 Nepal foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 Nepotism office, misuse of 11:275 Nerlove, Marc demand and supply: econometric studies 4:110 distributed lags 4:215 Nerve impulses learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:154 senses: central mechanisms 14:177 sensory and motor development 14:182 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:303 NERVOUS SYSTEM 11:125-166 EVOLUTIONARY AND BEHAVIORAL ASPECTS OF THE BRAIN 11:125-
130 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE BRAIN 11:130-150 BRAIN STIMULATION 11:150-157 ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY
11:157-166 aging: psychological aspects 1:179 attention 1:445 Bell, Charles 2:47 Cannon, Walter B. 2:261 classical conditioning 9:129 color vision and color blindness 16:331 drives, physiological 4:278 Flourens, Pierre 5:495 gestalt theory 6:161 hearing 6:338 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:346 infancy: the effects of early experience 7:285 learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:154 mental disorders: biological aspects 10:140 fol. mental disorders: organic aspects 10:133 Meyer, Adolf 10:264 motivation 10:510 Miiller, Johannes 10:526 pain 11:361
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers.J
3I 8
Nesting
Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:481, 483, 485 psychiatry 12:612 psychology, physiological 13:61 Sechenov, Ivan M. 14:129 senses 14:176 senses: central mechanisms 14:177 sensory and motor development 14:182 sexual behavior, animal 14:198 Sherrington, C. S. 14:234 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:303 sleep 14:314 taste and smell 15:514 vision 16:326 see also Central nervous system; Peripheral nervous system Nesting analysis of variance 9:334 Net fund position balance of payments 8:2 Net national product consumption function 3:360 econometric models, aggregate 4:347 income and employment theory 7:123 national income and product accounts 11:25 productivity 12:525 Net reproduction rate fertility 5:372 Neter, John errors, nonsampling 5:121 Netherlands agriculture: labor 1:240 budgeting 2:195 Caribbean society 2:309 Christianity 2:439 colonialism: economic aspects 3:10 economic growth 4:397 employment and unemployment 5:58 engineering 5:73 federalism 5:362 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:524
government statistics 6:233 Huizinga, Johan 6:533 labor force: hours of work 8:488 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8: 528, 529
INDEX migration: economic aspects 10:294 national wealth: estimation 11:58 patents 11:462, 463, 465 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:105, 106, 108 population composition 12:369 sales and excise taxes 15:552 Southeast Asia 1:428, 430, 432 wages 16:411 Netherlands Central Planning Bureau planning, economic: Western Europe 12:105, 108, 109 Neumann, Franz L. dictatorship 4:162 Neumann, John von: see Von Neumann, John Neumann, Sigmund generations, political 6:93 totalitarianism 16:111 Neural-quantum hypothesis psychophysics 13:123 Neurilemma nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:131 Neurochemistry mental disorders: biological aspects 10:139 Neuroleptics mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:198 Neurology Charcot, Jean Martin 2:384 electroencephalography 11:159 nervous system: evolutionary and behavioral aspects of the brain 11:126 fol. psychiatry, child 12:617 Neurons nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:130 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:303 Neurophysiology attention 1:444 fantasy 5:329 Flourens, Pierre 5:495 Kohler, Wolfgang 8:441 learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:154 learning theory 9:193 motivation 10:508 perception, unconscious 11:576 radiation 13:292
senses: central mechanisms 14:177 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:213 simulation: individual behavior 14:266 sleep 14:314 vision 16:325, 326 Wertheimer, Max 16:524 Neuropsychology mental disorders: organic aspects 10:133 psychology, physiological 13:60 NEUROSIS 11:161-166 Adler, Alfred 1:58, 60 analytical psychology 1:275 Angyal, Andras 1:303 anxiety 1:364 behavior therapy 10:190 character disorders 2:381 Charcot, Jean Martin 2:385 conflict: psychological aspects 3:220, 224 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:88 emotion 5:40 Freud, Sigmund 6:2 homeostasis 6:502 Homey, Karen 6:514, 515 hysteria 7:50 Janet, Pierre 8:234 Jung, Carl Gustav 8:328 mental disorders, childhood 10:159 mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:128 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:193 moral development 10:493 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:241 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:13 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:41 psychoanalysis: therapeutic methods 13:32, 35 psychology, constitutional 13:72, 73 psychopathic personality 13:117 psychosis 13:131 psychosomatic illness 13:141 Rank, Otto 13:314, 315 Reich, Wilhelm 13:397
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 ^cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.)
Nicaragua
INDEX religious specialists: sociological study 13:446 Rorschach test 12:569 smoking 14:338 suggestion 15:371 Neurotic Constitution, The (Adler) 1:57, 58 Neustadt, Richard authority 1:476 NEUTRALISM AND NONALIGNMENT 11:166-172 Neutralization disarmament 4:195 New Aspects of Politics (Merriam) 10:257
New Atlantis (Bacon) 1:496 New Deal administrative process 1:69 capitalism 2:297 Cardozo, Benjamin 2:303 conservation: political and social aspects 3:271 constitutional law 3:297 Hamilton, Walton H. 6:315 Lippmann, Walter 9:393 Merriam, Charles E. 10:258 New Economic Policy communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:143 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:151 communism, Soviet 3:107 labor movement, theories of the 8:521 socialist legal systems—Soviet law 9:217 New Fabian Essays (Grossman, ed.) 4:452 New Guinea economic anthropology 4:362 feud 5:391 food: consumption patterns 5:512 Oceanian society 11:254 war 16:468 fol. New History Barnes, Harry Elmer 2:14 Beard, Charles A. 2:34 Robinson, James Harvey 13:533, 539 New History, The (Robinson) 13:535 New History and the Social Studies, The (Barnes) 2:14
New Jersey Act (1875) corporation 3:399 New Principles (Rae) 13:306 New Republic (journal) Lippmann, Walter 9:391 New School for Social Research Johnson, Alvin 8:260 New Science, The (Vico) 16:313, 315 New Sociology, The (Mills) 10:362 New State, The (FoUett) 5:501 New Stone Age: see Neolithic Age New Ways in Psychoanalysis (Horney) 6:513 New York, state apportionment 1:367 corporation 3:399 New York, city commutation 16:143 New York City Bar Association conflict of interest 3:242, 244 New York Stock Exchange 14:137 New York Times 7:321 New Zealand foreign aid: economic aspects 5:524 geography, statistical 6:149 industrialization: economic aspects 7:255 labor force: hours of work 8:488 migration: economic aspects 10:294, 295 Oceanian society 11:254 population composition 12:367 sales and excise taxes 15:552 sex ratio 12:363 wage and hour legislation 16:419 NEWCOMB, SIMON 11:172-174 Fisher, Irving 5:475, 478 money: quantity theory 10:433 Newcomb, Theodore M. attitude change 1:460, 463 cohesion, social 2:544 interaction, symbolic 7:445 panel studies 11:371 reference groups 13:354 social psychology 14:466 systems analysis, psychological 15:494 Newman, D. linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:341
319
Newman-Keuls procedure linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:341, 346 Newmarch, William Tooke, Thomas 16:104 Newspapers advertising: economic aspects 1:110 communication, mass 3:44, 47, 48, 59, 71 fol. communication, political 3:94 journalism 8:268 Park, Robert E. 11:418 public opinion 13:194 reference materials and books 7:320, 321 Tarde, Gabriel 15:511 Newton, Isaac anthropology 1:309 Fourier, Charles 5:547 Hartley, David 6:325 Neyman, Jerzy counted data 3:420 Fisher, R. A. 5:487 goodness of fit 6:202, 204 hypothesis testing 7:44 point estimation 5:149 statistical method, history of 15:228 Neyman distributions distributions, mixtures of 4:237 Neyman-Pearson theory hypothesis testing 7:44 likelihood 9:300 sequential analysis 14:189, 191 statistical method, history of 15:229 Neyman ratios sample surveys 13:609 Neyman sampling sample surveys 13:608 Neyman Type A distributions distributions, mixtures of 4:239 Nganga religious specialists: anthropological study 13:441 Niagara movement DuBois, W. E. B. 4:304 Nicaise, Joseph anthropology, applied 1:326 Nicaragua literacy 9:413
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320
INDEX
Nicea, First Council of
Middle American society 10:279, 281, 283 Nicea, First Council of canon law 2:263 NICEFORO, ALFREDO 11:174-175 Nichiren (1222-82) Buddhism 2:181 historiography, Japanese 6:416 Nicolson, Harold systems analysis, international 15:481 Nicomachean Ethics (Aristotle) 11:81 interaction: social exchange 7:453 Nicotinic acid mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:197 Niebuhr, H. Richard sects and cults 14:131, 132 Niebuhr, Reinhold constitutional law: civil rights 3:312 Protestant political thought 12:603 Nietzsche, Friedrich literature: political fiction 9:436 Spengler, Oswald 15:128 typologies 16:184 utopianism 16:270 Nigeria age differentiation 1:159, 160 agriculture: capital 1:230, 231, 234 anthropology, applied 1:326 area and population 12:377 economic anthropology 4:362 folklore 5:499 illness 7:91 literacy 9:413 marriage: comparative analysis 10:13 school enrollment 4:402 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:359, 360 wages: structure 16:411 Night blindness visual defects 16:339 Night schools adult education 1:101 Nihilism national socialism 11:49 Nihon shoki (Chronicle of Japan) historiography, Japanese 6:414 Nilakanta Sastri, K. A. A. historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:424
1984 (Orwell) 9:432, 435, 438 Nirvana Buddhism 2:168, 171 Nitrogen metabolism mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:197 Nkrumah, Kwame socialism 14:529 Nobel peace prize 11:495 Nobility bureaucracy 2:208 feudalism 5:397 Indian political thought 7:172 monarchy 10:413 Montesquieu 10:474 Nodal region area 1:399 Noegenetic laws Spearman, C. E. 15:110 Nogee, Philip decision making: psychological aspects 4:35 Noise communication, animal: models and behavior 3:34 cybernetics 4:4 information theory 7:332 Nomadism hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:22 Islamic countries 11:90 migration: social aspects 10:286 pastoralism 11:456 sub-Saharan African society 1:147 transportation: social aspects 16:129 Nomenclature of Social Facts Tourville, Henri de 16:113 Nominal distribution, Mean of Gini, Corrado 6:188 Nominal scales psychometrics 13:96 statistics, descriptive 15:238, 243 variances, statistical study of 16:293 Nominalism economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:433 typologies 16:182 Nomology scientific explanation 14:118
Nomos constitutions and constitutionalism 3:320 Nonalignment: see Neutralism and nonalignment Nonbank financial intermediaries 5:432 Nonbank indirect financial assets financial intermediaries 5:434 fol. Noncentral chi-square distributions 4:225 counted data 3:421 Noncentral F distributions 4:227 Noncentral ^-distributions 4:226 Nondirective counseling: see Clientcentered counseling Nonlinear programming 12:557 Nonlinear regression 9:322 NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS (distribution-free statistics) 11:175-201 THE FIELD 11:175-182 ORDER STATISTICS 11:182-190 RUNS 11:190-196 RANKING METHODS 11:196-201
errors in statistical assumptions 5:134, 138 estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:155 goodness of fit 6:200, 202 hypothesis testing 7:40, 41 likelihood 9:301 linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:343, 349 multivariate analysis 10:536 significance, tests of 14:243 statistical method, history of 15:231 statistics 15:215 time series 16:50 Wilks, S. S. 16:552 see also Order statistics; Ranking methods; Runs NONPARTISANSHIP 11:201-203 bipartisanship 2:79 Nonprice competition monopoly 10:461 Nonresponse errors errors, nonsampling 5:118 sample surveys: nonprobability sampling 13:615
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-^ |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Norms
INDEX Nonsampling errors 5:113 fallacies, statistical 5:296 government statistics 6:236 index numbers: sampling 7:166, 167 linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:342 sample surveys 13:596 sample surveys: nonprobability sampling 13:614 statistical analysis, special problems of: outliers 15:179 statistics 15:215 survey analysis: applications in economics 15:432 survey analysis, methods of 15:417 tabular presentation 15:499 see also Bias (statistics) Nonsense syllables Ebbinghaus, Hermann 4:326 forgetting 5:536 learning 9:114 speech perception 11:558 verbal learning 9:160 Nonsingular distributions multivariate analysis 10:529 Nonviolence civil disobedience 2:473, 474, 478 community disorganization 3:167 Indian political thought 7:178 pacifism 11:353 fol. race relations: world perspectives 13:275 see also Violence Nootka Indians 7:184, 186 Nordau, Max Zionism 16:595 NORDENSKIOLD, ERLAND 11:203-204 Norepinephrine nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:140 Normal approximation to binomial distribution 4:234 counted data 3:418 Normal distribution, Multivariate: see Multivariate normal distribution Normal distributions 4:223, 224, 226 distributions, mixtures of 4:238, 240 estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:150, 151, 152, 154, 156
Galton, Francis 6:39 Gauss, Carl Friedrich 6:78 goodness of fit 6:205 hypothesis testing 7:40 income distribution: size 7:150 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:24 likelihood 9:301 order statistics 11:186, 187 point estimation 5:144 probability, formal 12:496 rank-size relations 13:320 scaling 14:29 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:183, 198 statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:198 variances, statistical study of 16:296 Westergaard, Harald 16:529 see also Lognormal distributions Normal distributions, Circular: see Circular normal distributions Normal distributions, Compound: see Mixed normal distributions Normal equations Gauss, Carl Friedrich 6:76 linear hypotheses: regression 9:316 Normal probability model hypothesis testing 7:40 sequential analysis 14:189 statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:193 statistical analysis, special problems of: outliers 15:179 sufficiency 15:368 variances, statistical study of 16:296 Normal-standardized scores psychometrics 13:110 Normal variables, Sum of distributions, special discrete 4:228 Normality Homey, Karen 6:514, 515 Norman, Montagu banking, central 2:4, 7 Norman, W. T. vocational interest testing 16:349 Normative systems cognitive theory 2: 537
321
Normit transformation statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:189 NORMS 11:204-213 THE CONCEPT OF NORMS 11:204-
208 THE STUDY OF NORMS 11:208-213
aptitude testing 1:372 communication, mass 3:83 community disorganization 3:165 comparative law and legal systems 9:210 conformity 3:253 culture and personality 3:560, 561 deviant behavior 4:148, 150 Durkheim, Emile 4:315 economic anthropology 4:363 family: comparative structure 5:307 fertility 5:373 functional analysis: structuralfunctional analysis 6:27 government 6:218 group behavior 6:273 group formation 6:280 group performance 6:290 homosexuality 14:224 integration, social 7:382, 432, 437 interaction: social exchange 7:456 international legislation 7:554 interviewing: personality appraisal 8:165 judicial process: comparative aspects 8:292, 296 Kelsen, Hans 8:361, 362, 364 law, sociology of 9:51 legislative behavior 9:240 moral development 10:488 negotiation 11:119 perception, social 11:574 personality development 11:608 privacy 12:483 psychometrics 13:108, 109 reference groups 13:355, 358, 359 role: psychological aspects 13:548 rules of the game 13:571 sanctions 14:3 Schlick, Moritz 14:53 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:203, 204 Simmel, Georg 14:257
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
322
Norms, Institutional
social class 15:306 social control 14:387, 398, 400 social institutions 14:415 social psychology 14:460 statistical analysis: outliers 15:180 Tonnies, Ferdinand 16:100 value systems 16:289 values 16:284 Veblen, Thorstein 16:304 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:361 voting 16:390, 392 Norms, Institutional: see Institutional norms Norris, Frank literature: political fiction 9:433 North, Cecil C. occupations and careers 11:247 NORTH, DUDLEY 11:213-214 North, Robert C. communication, political 3:98 crisis 3:511 North African society 1:125 Islam 8:203 socialism 14:527 North America capital movements, private international 8:28 economic growth 4:405 evolution, primate 5:211 hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:16, 17 literacy 9:414 mortality 10:499, 503 population growth 12:379, 380 Rivet, Paul 13:529 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:358 see also Canada; Indians, North American; Mexico; United States North Atlantic Treaty Organization alliances 1:270 disengagement 4:212 integration, regional 7:527 international organization: administration 8:42 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:38 international politics 8:59 isolationism 8:220 limited war 9:305, 306
INDEX North-Hatt prestige scale occupations and careers 11:247 Northcote-Trevelyan Report (Great Britain 1853) bureaucracy 2:211 Northeastern culture area Indians, North American 7:195 Northern Securities Co. v. United States (1904) 1:352 Northrop, F. S. C. Maine, Henry Sumner 9:532 Norway banking 1:517 civil disobedience 2:481 cooperatives 3:395 economic growth 4:397 electoral systems 5:8, 12, 14 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:524 group behavior 6:270 illegitimacy 7:88 judicial review 8:305 jurisprudence 8:339 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:530 local government 9:454 migration: economic aspects 10:294 national wealth: estimation 11:58 parties, political 11:433 sales and excise taxes 15:552 sex ratio 12:363 social movements 14:446 suicide: psychological aspects 15:392 syndicalism 15:450 vital statistics 16:341 Nosology Kraepelin, Emil 8:449 Nostromo (Conrad) historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:382 Notation ethnomusicology 10:563 Notes Towards the Definition of Culture (Eliot) 3:537 Nott, Josiah Clark Waitz, Theodor 16:433 Novels literature, sociology of 9:422 North African society 1:135 see also Fiction Novum Organum (Bacon) 1:496
Nuba (people) feud 5:389 Nuclear family family: comparative structure 5:303 fol. hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:23, 24 incest 7:115 Indians, North American 7:187 kinship 8:391 Le Play, Frederic 9:87 marriage: family formation 10:1, 3 Oceanian society 11:258, 261 Tourville, Henri de 16:113 Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (1963) international legislation 7:553 war 16:460 NUCLEAR WAR 11:214-223 balance of power 1: 509 crisis 3:510 deterrence 4:130 international politics 8:56 international relations 8:65 limited war 9:305 military power potential 10:328 national security 11:41 strategy 15:286 technology and international relations 15:592 totalitarianism 16:110 war 16:461 Nuclear weapons balance of power 1:509 deterrence 4:130 diplomacy 4:190 integration, functional 7:538 limited war 9:303, 305 military policy 10:321 nuclear war 11:216, 221 radiation 13:290 space, outer: political and legal aspects 15:83 strategy 15:285 systems analysis, international 15:480, 483 technology and international relations 15:592, 594 war 16:459 Nucleation city: forms and functions 2:451 Nuer (people) age differentiation 1:158
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Observing response
INDEX conflict: anthropological aspects 3:239 family: comparative structure 5:303 feud 5:389, 390 political anthropology 12:198, 199 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:443 stateless society 15:164, 165 time: social organization 16:31 Nuisance effect external economies and diseconomies 5:269 Nuisance parameters Bayesian inference 2:31 estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:154 hypothesis testing 7:41 Null hypothesis analysis of variance 9:334 hypothesis testing 7:41 multivariate analysis 10:530, 533 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:549 significance, tests of 14:238 fol. statistics 15:212 Numayma Indians, North American 7:185 Number theory developmental psychology 4:144 Gauss, Carl Friedrich 6:75 mathematics 10:70 Numbers, Random: see Random numbers Numeraire utility 16:243, 245 Numerology periodization 11:582 Nupe (people) age differentiation 1:159 magic 9:525 theology, primitive 15:606 NUPTIALITY 11:223-226 cohort analysis 2:549 family: disorganization and dissolution 5:314 fertility 5:377 see also Marriage Nurkse, Ragnar economic growth 4:415 Nursery school socialization: psychological aspects 14:542
Nursing medical care: social aspects 10:96, 97 paramedical personnel 10:117, 118 Nutrition food: world problems 5:502, 505 obesity 11:228 Nyakyusa (people) age differentiation 1:160 Nyanga (people) land tenure 8:565 Nyasaland literacy 9:413 Nychthemeral rhythm time: psychological aspects 16:28 Nye, Gerald P. isolationism 8:218 Nystagmus eye movements 16:329 visual defects 16:338 Nystuen, John D. geography, statistical 6:149
o O-A: see Objective-Analytic Personality Test Batteries OAS: see Organization of American States OASDI: see Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance OAU: see Organization of African Unity O.C. curve: see Operating characteristic curve OCPW: see Office of the Chief of Psychological Warfare OECD: see Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OEEC: see Organization of European Economic Cooperation ONR: see Office of Naval Research ONUC: see United Nations Operation in the Congo OPEC: see Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OR: see Operations research OSS: see Office of Strategic Services OWI: see Office of War Information
323
Oakeshott, Michael history, philosophy of 6:430 Obermaier, Hugo Breuil, Henri 2:151 Oberschall, Anthony R. sociology 15:8 OBESITY 11:227-232 Objective-Analytic Personality Test Batteries 16:126 Objective law Duguit, Leon 4:306, 307 Objective psyche: see Collective unconscious Objective tests achievement testing 1:34, 35, 36 Objectivity anthropology, cultural 1:315 history, philosophy of 6:432 Obligation 4:321 interaction: social exchange 7:454 law and legal institutions 9:75 legal reasoning 9:202 leisure 9:250 see also Duty Oblique rotations factor analysis: psychological applications 5:283 Obscene Publications Act (England 1857): see Campbell Act Obscenity censorship 2:358 OBSERVATION 11:232-241 SOCIAL OBSERVATION AND SOCIAL CASE STUDIES 11:232-238 PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION 11:238-
241
see also Participant observation; Social observation Observation, Error of: see Error of observation Observational equivalents statistical identifiability 15:201 Observational studies experiments, design of 5:246 Observations, Grouped: see Grouped observations Observations on Man: His Frame, His Duty and His Expectations (Hartley) 6:325 Observing response attention 1:445
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 bers.J [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers
324
Obsessions
Obsessions obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:241 OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDERS 11:241-245 mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:129 phobias 12:82 see also Compulsions Occam, William of: see Ockham, William of Occasionalism Verstehen 16:309 Occipital lobe nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:144, 146 Occupancy counts industrial concentration 7:220 Occupancy problem, Joint distributions, special discrete 4:221, 222 Occupational licensing: see Licensing, Occupational Occupational mobility industrial relations: the sociology of work 7:237 military 10:308 occupations and careers 11:250 political recruitment and careers 12:279 religious specialists: sociological study 13:448 scientists 14:108 OCCUPATIONS AND CAREERS 11:245-254 consumer behavior 3:351 crime, white-collar 3:487 employment and unemployment 5:50 engineering 5:75 fine arts: the recruitment and socialization of artists 5:447, 451 industrial relations: the sociology of work 7:237 industrialization: social aspects 7:267 journalism 8:265 labor force: hours of work 8:489 labor force: markets and mobility 8:483, 484 labor unions; influence on wages 8:544 licensing, occupational 9:283
INDEX medical personnel 10:114 politics 12:279 population composition 12:367 productivity 12:532 rural society 13:582 social class 15:310 social class, measurement of 15:318, 320 social mobility 14:431 fol. social work 14:502 societal analysis 14:564 statistics, descriptive 15:245 stratification, social 15:291, 292 teaching 15:563, 564 time: social organization 16:39 vocational interest testing 16:345 fol. wages 16:405 see also Political recruitment and careers; Professions; Vocational interest testing; Vocational rehabilitation Oceana (Harrington) 3:322 OCEANIAN SOCIETY 11:254-269 adoption 1:98 economic growth 4:405 literacy 9:414 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:543 migration: economic aspects 10:295 mortality 10:503 population growth 12:379, 380 primitive art 12:478 OCKHAM, WILLIAM OF 11:269-270 O'Connor, N. mental retardation 10:237 October Revolution (Russia) socialism 14:517 Oculomotor nerve 11:136 ODUM, HOWARD W. 11:270-272 region 13:381 Oedipal stage life cycle 9:289 Oedipus complex affection 1:122 analytical psychology 1:275 character disorders 2:380 drama 4:256 Freud, Sigmund 6:2 Homey, Karen 6:513 incest 7:119 Klein, Melanie 8:416 neurosis 11:163
phobias 12:83 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:9 religion, sociology of 13:409 Roheim, Geza 13:545 Oestrus cycles: see Estrus cycles OFFICE, MISUSE OF 11:272-276 bureaucracy 2:216 civil service 2:499 conflict of interest 3:242 police 12:178 Office of Naval Research military psychology 10:336 Office of Strategic Services personality measurement: situational tests 12:50 Office of the Chief of Psychological Warfare 13:47 Office of War Information psychological warfare 13:47 Officer corps civil-military relations 2:489, 490, 491, 493 military 10:307 Official statistics Bowley, Arthur Lyon 2:135 census 2:360 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:145 economic data 4:365 government statistics 6:230 labor force 8:471 population 12:348 population composition 12:363 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:249 suicide: social aspects 15:378 see also Government statistics Ogawa, Junjiro order statistics 11:187 OGBURN, WILLIAM FIELDING 11:277-281 creativity 3:445, 450, 458 prediction 12:419 transportation: social aspects 16:133 voting 16:388 Ogive graphic presentation 6:246 Ohlin, Bertil Heckscher, Eli 6:340 international trade 8:87 Ojibwa Indians 7:194
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Opinion leaders
INDEX Oken, Lorenz Fechner, Gustav Theodor 5:350, 351 Okladnikov, A. P. food-producing revolution 4:246 Old Age: see Aging Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance aging: economic aspects 1:199 Old Stone Age: see Paleolithic Age Oldenbarnevelt, Johan van Grotius, Hugo 6:257 Olds, James drives, psychological 4:279 emotion 5:39 reinforcement 9:143 Olfactory nerve 11:136 taste and smell 15:515 OLIGARCHY 11:281-283 Aristotle 1:409 government 6:221 leadership: sociological aspects 9:102 Michels, Robert 10:266, 268 policy sciences 12:184 power 12:408 revolution 13:502 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:369 Oligocene epoch evolution, human 5:217 evolution, primate 5:212 Oligophrenia: see Mental retardation OLIGOPOLY 11:283-289 antitrust legislation 1:352 fol. cartels and trade associations 2:320 economics 4:483 firm, theory of the 5:456 game theory: economic applications 6:69 mergers 10:251 monopoly 10:459 Olivi, Pierre economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:432 Olmec civilization urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:208, 211, 212 Omaha Indians 7:190, 193 Fletcher, Alice Cunningham 5:492 kinship 8:396
Ombudsman bureaucracy 2:216 law, sociology of 9:55 office, misuse of 11:276 Omomyidae evolution, primate 5:211 Ompteda, D. H. L. von Vattel, Emer de 16:300 On Liberty (Mill) 10:343 utilitarianism 16:228 On the Economy of Machinery and Manufacturers (Babbage) 1:492 On the Error of Counting with a Haemacytorneter (Gosset) 6:211 On the History and Development of Gilds, and the Origin of Trade Unions (Brentano) 2:148 On-the-job training capital, human 2:284 labor force: participation 8:477 On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation (Ricardo) 13:508 fol. On the Sensations of Tone (Helmholtz) 6:348, 349 On War (Clausewitz) 2:512 One-bend transformations statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:188 One Hundred Percent Money (Fisher) 5:481 One-sample problems: see Single sample problems One-sided alternatives hypothesis testing 7:42 One-sided tests significance, tests of 14:243, 247 One-variable tables tabular presentation 15:498 One-way layout experiments, design of 5:251 Oneida Indians 7:195 Ontogeny psychology, comparative 13:54 Roheim, Geza 13:544 Open-field system agriculture: history 1:217 Open-market operations banking, central 2:5, 6, 7 Open-mindedness systems analysis, psychological 15:488, 489
325
Open sets mathematics 10:73 Openness systems analysis, psychological 15:486, 487 Opera music and society 10:569 Operant conditioning: see Instrumental learning Operating characteristic hypothesis testing 7:44 sequential analysis 14:190 Operating characteristic curve quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:226, 227 Operation Bootstrap Caribbean society 2:310 Operational definition psychometrics 13:98 Operational goals administrative behavior 1:78 organizational goals 11:308 Operationalism individual psychology 7:214 mental disorders: experimental study 10:165 Peirce, Charles Sanders 11:511 positivism 12:393 science, philosophy of 14:86 OPERATIONS RESEARCH 11:290294 Babbage, Charles 1:492 econometrics 4:357 public administration 13:152 queues 13:257 science-government relations 14:102 see also Systems analysis Operettas music and society 10:570 Ophelimity Pareto, Vilfredo 11:402, 413 utility 16:236 Ophelimity index utility 16:254, 256, 260, 261 Ophthalmograph eye movements 16:328 Ophthalmoscope Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:347 Opiates: see Opioids Opinion, Public: see Public opinion Opinion leaders communication, mass 3:51, 84
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326
Opinionation scale
communication, political 3:94 interpersonal influence 4:179, 182 literature, sociology of 9:420 public opinion 13:191, 199 public relations 13:214 Tarde, Gabriel 15:512 Opinionation scale systems analysis, psychological 15:489 Opinions attitudes 1:455 Dicey, Albert Venn 4:160 norms 11:210 public opinion 13:188 Opioids drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:290 Opium drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:290 drug addiction: social aspects 4:299 Opium War Chinese society 2:413 Opler, Morris E. integration, cultural 7:374, 375, 378 OPPENHEIMER, FRANZ 11:295-296 Opportunity cost Davenport, Herbert J. 4:17 Opportunity sets investment decision 8:198 Optic nerve 11:136 vision 16:325, 326 Optics Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:347 Optimality economic equilibrium 4:383 estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:153 welfare economics 16:504, 506, 509 Optimum population theory 12:358, 350, 351 Optimum resource allocation: see Ophelimity Optional stopping significance, tests of 14:248 Oral contraception fertility control 5:384 Oral stage Abraham, Karl 1:2 affection 1:122
INDEX socialization: psychological aspects 14:540 Oral traditions culture history 6:450 ethnohistory 6:444 folklore 5:497 historiography, African 6:395, 396, 398 historiography, Islamic 6:408 sub-Saharan Africa 1:145 Orchestras music and society 10:570 Orcutt, Guy H. errors in statistical assumptions 5:136 exchange rates 8:13 simulation: economic processes 14:271 time series 16:53, 55 Order dramatism 7:450 Durkheim, Emile 4:312, 313 evolution 5:203 Order, Social: see Social order Order condition statistical identifiability 15:204 Order in Council (Great Britain 1870) bureaucracy 2:211 Order statistics 11:182 goodness of fit 6:205 psychometrics 13:97 ranking methods 11:197 statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:197 statistics 15:215 statistics, descriptive 15:239 variances, statistical study of 16:297 Wilks, S. S. 16:552 Ordered alternatives counted data 3:423 Ordering decision making 4:44 fallacies, statistical 5:295 mathematics 10:71 rank-size relations 13:319 social mobility 14:430 survey analysis 15:428 tabular presentation 15:501 Ordering, Partial: see Partial ordering
Ordinal index Pareto, Vilfredo 11:402 Ordinal scales psychometrics 13:96 ranking methods 11:196 scaling 14:25 statistics, descriptive 15:238, 243 utility 16:251 Ordinal utility 16:253 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:402 Ordinance of 1190 (England) military law 10:312 ORESME, NICOLE 11:296-297 economic thought 4:434 Organ inferiority Adler, Alfred 1:58 individual psychology 7:215 Organic selection Baldwin, James Mark 1:511 Organic solidarity community-society continua 3:176 Durkheim, Emile 4:314 integration, social 7:381, 383 systems analysis, social 15:462, 464 Organism, The: A Holistic Approach to Biology Derived from Pathological Data in Man (Goldstein) 6:198 Organismic Theories of the State: Nineteenth Century Interpretations of the State as Organism or as Person (Coker) 2:552 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development integration, regional 7:527 international organization 8:41 Organization of African Unity neutralism and nonalignment 11:170 Organization of American States human rights 6:543 integration, regional 7:527 Organization of Behavior, The (Hebb) 4:278 Organization of European Economic Cooperation planning, economic: Western Europe 12:102 Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries commodity agreements, international 3:19
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Outliers
INDEX ORGANIZATIONS 11:297-343 THEORIES OF ORGANIZATIONS
11:297-305 ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS 11 : 305-311 EFFECTIVENESS AND PLANNING OF CHANGE 11:311-319 ORGANIZATIONAL INTELLIGENCE 11:319-334 METHODS OF RESEARCH 11:334-343
administrative behavior 1: 74 Barnard, Chester I. 2:12 bureaucracy 2:206 business management 2:249 cooperatives 3:391 decision making: political aspects 4:59 ecology 4:330 economy and society 4:501 elections 5:2 engineering 5: 77 family 5:313 foreign policy 5:531 human relations in industry 7:245 industrial and business psychology 7:223, 224 integration, regional 7:526 interaction and personality 7:462 Israel 11:109 Japanese society 8:243, 245 leadership: psychological aspects 9:92 leadership: sociological aspects 9:103 mass society 10:59, 63 medical care: social aspects 10:97 mental health 10:218 Michels, Robert 10:266 military policy 10:322 music and society 10:572 neighborhood 11:123 operations research 11:294 parties, political 11:428 peace 11:490 political clubs 12:214 political process 12:271 political recruitment and careers 12:275, 276 political science 12:287 propaganda 12:584 public administration 13:151 social class, measurement of 15:323
social control: organizational aspects 14:396 social movements 14:449 social work 14:503 sociology of work 7:234 South Asia 1:435 totalitarianism 16:109 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:357 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:362 Weber, Max 16:498 see also Voluntary associations Organizations, Informal Barnard, Chester I. 2:13 organizations 11:301 Orgone Reich, Wilhelm 13:397 Orienting reflex attention 1:445 learning theory 9:193 Orienting response infant development 7:281 intellectual development 7:392 Origin of Species, On the (Darwin) 4:8, 10 evolution 5:207 social Darwinism 14:402 Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State, The (Engels) 5:306 Origins of American Sociology (Bernard, L. & Bernard, J.) 2:65 Orissa, state, India economic anthropology 4:363 Orne, Martin T. mental disorders: experimental study 10:171 role: psychological aspects 13:549 Orr, Richard H. scientific communication 14:115 ORTEGA Y GASSET, JOSE 11:343345 generations 6:89 Orthodox Judaism 8:279, 280 Orthogenesis evolution, cultural 5:224 evolution, human 5:216 Orthogonal polynomials linear hypotheses: regression 9:321 time series: general 16:49
327
Orthogonal rotations factor analysis: psychological applications 5:283 Orthopsychiatry 12:617 Orwell, George Anglo-American society 1:294 literature: political fiction 9:432, 435, 438 social science fiction 14:476 Osborn, Alexander F. group performance 6:292 Osgood, Charles E. concept formation 3:208 content analysis 3:372 international relations: psychological aspects 8:81 language, psychology of 9:3 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:618 transfer learning 9:170 OSSOWSKI, STANISLAW 11:345347 Marxist sociology 10:51 OSTROGORSKII, MOISEI IA. 11:347-351 oligarchy 11:282 politics, comparative 12:331 Other-directed personality friendship 6:15 Otto, Rudolph religion, sociology of 13:408 Ottoman Empire 11:94 historiography, Islamic 6:410 Islam 8:213, 215 religious organization 13:431, 433 stagnation 15:141 Outcome studies psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:40 Outer space: see Space, Outer Outgroup conflict: social aspects 3:235 Outliers 15:178 distributions, mixtures of 4:237 errors, nonsampling 5:122 errors in statistical assumptions 5:133 order statistics 11:188 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:189
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 bers.J j_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers
328
Outpatient clinics
statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:198 statistics 15:221 statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:239 sufficiency 15:369 Outpatient clinics psychiatry, child 12:615 Output agriculture: price and income policies 1:253 agriculture: productivity and technology 1:244 capital 2:270, 272 cartels and trade associations 2:321 economics 4:474 human relations in industry 7:241 industrial relations: the sociology of work 7:231 innovation 7:341, 343 input-output analysis 7:345 land: classification 8:560 monopoly 10:458 optimum population theory 12:359 organizational goals 11:306 patents 11:470 production 12:512 productivity 12:523, 525, 526 reward systems in industry 7:250 spatial economics: the partial equilibrium approach 15:95 stagnation 15:137 see also Production; Productivity Output incentives wages 16:414, 417 Ouvrier algerien (newspaper) 1:131 Over-the-counter markets securities markets 14:139, 141 Overacker, Louise political financing 12:237 Overall, John E. factor analysis: psychological applications 5:285 Overdrafts banking 1:521 Overproduction Lauderdale, James Maitland 9:48 trade and markets 16:121 Overs timulation anxiety 1:358
INDEX Overtime collective bargaining 8:497 labor force: hours of work 8:489 Ovsiankina, Maria Lewin, Kurt 9:267 OWEN, ROBERT 11:351-352 adult education 1:101 cooperatives 3:390 socialism 14:507 Thompson, William 16:7 Ownership capital 2:272 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:59 corporation 3:401 securities markets 14:140 Oxford oath pacifism 11:354 Oxford University universities 16:192 Oxygen mental disorders: biological aspects 10:142 Oyabun-kobun adoption 1:98 Japanese society 8:243 paternalism 11:476 pseudo-kinship 8:409, 413
FARM: see Printed Advertising Rating Methods Study PAU: see Pan American Union PCA: see Production-Credit Association PEC scale: see Politico-Economic Conservatism Scale PIP: see Probabilistic information processing PK: see Psychokinesics PPU: see Potential production unit PR: see Proportional representation Paasche index index numbers: practical applications 7:160 index numbers: theoretical aspects 7:158 PACIFISM 11:353-357 international relations: ideological aspects 8:70, 71
peace 11:489 Richardson, Lewis Fry 13:516 war 16:466 Pacioli, Luca da Bargo accounting 1:15 Packard, Vance O. consumer behavior 3:351 Paige, Glenn D. crisis 3:511 PAIN 11:357-364 anxiety 1:360 Bentham, Jeremy 2:55 drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:292 infant development 7:276 instrumental learning 9:131 Mill, John Stuart 10:342 psychosomatic illness 13:141 senses 14:173 sensory and motor development 14:185 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:301 utilitarianism 16:227 utility 16:237, 249 PAINE, THOMAS 11:364-365 civil disobedience 2:478 Painting art and society 5:439 creativity: social aspects 3:454 style 15:356 sub-Saharan Africa 1:153 Paired-associate learning 9:117, 118 forgetting 5:537 hypothesis testing 7:46 transfer learning 9:171 verbal learning 9:164 Paired comparisons ranking methods 11:199 Paired sampling multivariate analysis 10:531 significance, tests of 14:241 Paiute Indians 7:188 Pakistan area and population 12:377 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:425 literacy 9:413 local government 9:458 neutralism and nonalignment 11:170 refugees: world problems 13:364
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-" [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Pareto,Vilfredo
INDEX sales and excise taxes 15:552 sex ratio 12:363 South Asia 1:412 wages 16:411 Paleocene epoch evolution, primate 5:211 Paleolithic Age Childe, V. Gordon 2:392 food-producing revolution 4:245 hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:9, 11, 13 see also Lower Paleolithic; Upper Paleolithic Paleontology Breuil, Henri 2:151 evolution, primate 5:210 Palestine 11:101 enclaves and exclaves 5:62 food-producing revolution 4:249 Petrie, W. M. Flinders 12:66 Zionism 16:593 Paliau movement nativism and revivalism 11:79 Palko v. Connecticut (1937) Cardozo, Benjamin 2:304 Palmer, Stuart homicide 3:493 Pan-Africanism 11:370 DuBois, W. E. B. 4:305 neutralism and nonalignment 11:169 Pan American Union 11:366 international organization: administration 8:41 Pan-Arabism 11:370 neutralism and nonalignment 11:169 Pan-German League 11:367, 368 Pan-Iranism 11:370 Pan-Islamism 8:213, 215; 11:368 PAN MOVEMENTS 11:365-370 nationalism 11:67 Pan-Slavism 11:366, 369 Panama literacy 9:413 Middle American society 10:274 sex ratio 12:363 PANEL STUDIES 11:371-379 attitude change 1:459 errors, nonsampling 5:117 Markov chains 9:583 organizations: methods of research 11:340
propaganda 12:586 reason analysis 13:342 social change 14:368 survey analysis 15:429 see also Consumer panels Panic disasters 4:203 mass phenomena 10:55, 57 see also Crisis Pannekoek, Anton socialism 14:517 Pannikar, K. M. historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:424 Panophobia 12:81 PANTALEONI, MAFFEO 11:379380 Pantheism Spinoza 15:136 Papacy canon law 2:263 Christianity 2:433 Papago Indians 7:191 Papal infallibility Acton, J. E. E. D. 1:40 Figgis, John Neville 5:424 Papiamento Caribbean society 2:316 Paradigm componential analysis 3:190 creativity: social aspects 3:445, 454 Paraguay literacy 9:413 population composition 12:365 South American society 15:65 Parallel cousins marriage alliance 10:19 Paramedical personnel 10:114 Parameter estimation latent structure 9:35 multivariate analysis: classification and discrimination 10:557 Parameters hypothesis testing 7:41 models, mathematical 10:379, 383 nonparametric statistics 11:176 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:433 quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:226 simultaneous equation estimation 14:284
329
statistics 15:210 statistics, descriptive 15:240 survey analysis 15:414, 423, 428 time series 16:56 variances, statistical study of 16:292 Parametric programming 12:560 PARANOID REACTIONS 11:380-386 defense mechanisms 4:69 Klein, Melanie 8:416 national character 11:17 schizophrenia 14:45 PARAPSYCHOLOGY 11:386-399 James, William 8:233 significance, tests of 14:246 Parasympathetic nervous system 11:140 Cannon, Walter B. 2:261 Parataxis Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:402 Parent-child relationship adoption 1:98 aging: psychological aspects 1:188 family: comparative structure 5:302, 305, 307, 309, 311 mental disorders, childhood 10:161 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:223 motivation, human 10:516, 519 Oceanian society 11:261 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:402 Parent-Duchatelet, Alexandre J. B. social research 15:46 sociology 15:7 PARETO, VILFREDO 11:399-416 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMICS
11:399-411 CONTRIBUTIONS TO SOCIOLOGY
11:4H_416 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:104 econometrics 4:353 Henderson, L. J. 6:350 income distribution: size 7:151 Marxist sociology 10:48 monopoly 10:466 Mosca, Gaetano 10:505 Niceforo, Alfredo 11:174 politics, comparative 12:331 profit 12:548 socialist economic thought 4:452 sociology 15:10
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330
Pareto coefficient
utility 16:237, 241, 245, 247, 254, 255, 256, 260 welfare economics 16:504, 505 Pareto coefficient income distribution: size 7:151 Pareto distributions 4:228; 11:407 Benini, Rodolfo 2:53 income distribution 7:151 Pareto optimality 11:403 consumer sovereignty 3:327, 328 game theory: economic applications 6:70 international trade: mathematical theory 8:104 monopoly 10:466 public expenditures 13:158 welfare economics 16:509 Pareto's General Sociology (Henderson) 6:350 Pareto's law 11:406, 407 size distributions in economics 14:295 fol. Pariahs: see Untouchables Parietal lobe 11:143, 146 Paris Manuscripts (Marx): see Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 Parity agriculture: price and income policies 1:253 exchange rates 8:14 international monetary organization 8:17, 18 international trade 8:92 Parity norm coalitions 2:532 PARK, ROBERT E. 11:416-419 assimilation 1:438, 439 Booth, Charles 2:125 city 2:455 conflict: social aspects 3:232 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:427 group formation 6:276 race relations: world perspectives 13:273 Redfield, Robert 13:350 role: sociological aspects 13:552 social control 14:383 Parkinson's disease mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:198 Parkinson's law 2:206
INDEX Parks conservation: economic aspects 3:289 Parliament (Canada) federalism 5:359 rules of the game 13:575 Parliament (Great Britain) administrative law 1:82 Bentham, Jeremy 2:57 Burke, Edmund 2:223 Coke, Edward 2:551 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:322 delegation of powers 4:72 Dicey, Albert Venn 4:159 legislation 9:223 local government 9:454 Maitland, Frederic William 9:534 majority rule 9:538 Namier, L. B. 11:5 office, misuse of 11:273 Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. 11:349 parliamentary government 11:421 parties, political 11:431 representational systems 13:467 sovereignty 15:77, 80, 81 PARLIAMENTARY GOVERNMENT 11:419-426 Bagehot, Walter 1:501 capitalism 2:296 crisis government 3:515 government 6:224 legislation 9:224, 226, 227, 232 military policy 10:323 parties, political 11:432 representational behavior 13:474 representational systems 13:469, 471 responsibility 13:498 science-government relations 14:105 Parnell, R. W. psychology, constitutional 13:69, 71, 72, 74 Parole 11:518 prediction 12:420 Parrinder, Edward G. religious specialists: anthropological study 13:442 PARSONS, ELSIE CLEWS 11:426428 Parsons, Frank counseling psychology 3:415
Parsons, Talcott Anglo-American society 1:290 community-society continua 3:178 death and bereavement 4:22 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:90 deviant behavior 4:152 dramatism 7:446, 447 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:425 family: comparative structure 5:303, 306, 310 friendship 6:15 functional analysis 6:34 groups 6:262 ideology and the social system 7:83, 84 illness 7:90 integration, cultural 7:378 integration, social 7:382, 383 Japanese society 8:248 leadership: psychological aspects 9:94 medical care: social aspects 10:95 organizational goals 11:305 organizations 11:302 reason analysis 13:339 religion, sociology of 13:409 social class 15:305, 309 social control 14:383 sociological thought 15:31 sociology 15:2 stratification, social 15:290 systems analysis, political 15:473, 474 typologies 16:183 Verstehen 16:311 Part-time workers labor force: hours of work 8:488, 489 Part-whole correlation multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:542 Partial association statistics, descriptive.- association 15:245 Partial correlation factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:276 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:542 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:547, 550
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Pattern of Human Concerns
Partial disarmament 4:195 Partial equilibrium Auspitz, Rudolf 1:470 econometrics 4:353, 354, 356 economic equilibrium 4:377, 386 Lieben, Richard 1:470 Marshall, Alfred 10:26 spatial economics: the partial equilibrium approach 15:95 Partial ordering fallacies, statistical 5:295 Partial regression coefficients multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:542 Participant observation 11:238 anthropology, cultural 1:315 field work 5:419 interviewing, therapeutic 8:174 propaganda 12:586 psychiatry 12:610 PARTIES, POLITICAL 11:428-453 PARTY UNITS 11:428-436 PARTY SYSTEMS 11:436-453 access to politics 1:13 Anglo-American society 1:297 apportionment 1:368 bipartisanship 2:80 Burke, Edmund 2:224 charisma 2:388 coalitions 2:527 communication, political 3:92 communism, international 3:128 elections 5:5 electoral systems 5:12 fol. federalism 5:359 government 6:224, 226 identification, political 7:58 integration, regional 7:524 interest groups 7:487 Israel 11:106, 108 journalism 8:270 judicial values 8:318 Key, V. O., Jr. 8:367 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:523 legislation 9:228 legislative behavior 9:241 legislatures 9:233, 234 liberalism 9:276, 282 lobbying 9:443 local politics 9:461 Lowell, A. Lawrence 9:480
Michels, Robert 10:266, 267 Middle American society 10:283 nonpartisanship 11:201 organizations 11:300 Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. 11:348 parliamentary government 11:421 political clubs 12:215 political executive 12:229, 232 political financing 12:235, 236, 240 political group analysis 12:243 political machines 12:248 political participation 12:260 political sociology 12:299, 302 presidential government 12:452 representational behavior 13:477 representational systems 13:471, 473 social movements 14:441 socialism 14:508, 510 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:362 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:364 voting 16:393 Partisanship voting 16:391 Partnerships trade and markets 16:119 Parvati Hinduism 6:360 Parvus: see Helfand, A. L. Pashukanis, Evgenii B. justice 8:346 socialist legal systems—Soviet law 9:218 Passage to India (Forster) 9:433 Passive reflex model Freud, Sigmund 6:4, 9 Passive resistance civil disobedience 2:478 Past, the Present, and the Future, The (Carey) 2:305 Pasternak, Boris literature: political fiction 9:437 PASTORALISM 11:453-461 animal domestication 4:253 Bartol'd, Vasilii 13:305 land tenure 8:564 Radlov, Vasilii 13:305 sub-Saharan Africa 1:147, 148 Patanjali (Hindu philosopher) language and culture 9:20
331
Patchen, Martin reference groups 13:357 PATENTS 11:461-472 Clark, John Bates 2:507 engineering 5:72 monopoly 10:461 PATERNALISM 11:472-477 Japanese society 8:241 Paternity adoption 1:96, 97 family: comparative structure 5:303 social behavior, animal 14:358 socialization: psychological aspects 14:538 PATERSON, DONALD G. 11:478-480 Patient-therapist relations: see Therapist-patient relations Patients medical care: social aspects 10:95 medical personnel 10:120 Paton, Alan literature: political fiction 9:434 Patria potestas Maine, Henry Sumner 9:530 Patrilineage descent groups 8:405 family: comparative structure 5:307, 309, 310 Indians, North American 7:193 Japanese society 8:243 kinship 8:396 marriage: comparative analysis 10:13, 17 marriage alliance 10:20 Oceanian society 11:262 Tourville, Henri de 16:113 Patriotism loyalty 9:484 Patronage art and society 5:442, 446 civil service 2:497 commissions, government 3:15 creativity: social aspects 3:451 honor 6:507 paternalism 11:475 Patten, Simon N. Robinson, James Harvey 13:534 Pattern analysis functional analysis 6:23, 30 Pattern of Human Concerns (Cantril) 5:117
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"j [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
332
Pattern-reaction theory
Pattern-reaction theory emotion 5:36 Pattern theory culture 3:528 pain 11:361 Pattern variables Anglo-American society 1:290 community-society continua 3:178 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:425 Patterns of Culture (Benedict) 2:49 Paul (saint) Christianity 2:428 Paul IV (pope) anti-Semitism 1:347 Pauperism poverty 12:398, 399 PAVLOV, IVAN PETROVICH 11:480-487 attention 1:445 behavior therapy 10:190 Bekhterev, Vladimir M. 2:45 classical conditioning 9:126 concept formation 3:207, 209 discrimination learning 9:145, 148 Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:298 Hull, Clark L. 6:536 learning 9:115 learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:154 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:241
psychology, existential 13:80 psychosomatic illness 13:140 reinforcement 9:136 somatic treatment 10:201 stimulation drives 15:267 Pawnee Indians 7:193 Payments, Balance of: see Balance of payments Payoff matrix game theory: theoretical aspects 6:64 Peabody, George foundations 5:542 Peabody Museum (Harvard University) Dixon, Roland B. 4:244 PEACE 11:487-496 international politics 8:51, 58 international relations 8:65 Polanyi, Karl 12:172 power transition 12:417
[
INDEX sanctions, international 14:6 war 16:453, 466 Peace Pledge Union pacifism 11:354 Peaceful coexistence communism, international 3:122, 124 communism, Soviet 3:110 international law 7:549 Pearson, E. S. Fisher, R. A. 5:487 goodness of fit 6:203 point estimation 5:149 statistical method, history of 15:228 PEARSON, KARL 11:496-503 Bayes, Thomas 2:27 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:105 distributions, special discrete 4:220 Fisher, R. A. 5:485, 486 Galton, Francis 6:48, 49, 52 genetics, demography and population 6:105 goodness of fit 6:201 Cosset, William Sealy 6:211 hypothesis testing 7:47 multivariate analysis 10:527, 538, 545, 548 order statistics 11:183 point estimation 5:149 runs 11:190 statistical method, history of 15:226 statistics, descriptive 15:240 survey analysis 15:413 Yule, G. Udny 16:589, 590 Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient 11:500 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:538 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:546 Pearson r: see Pearson productmoment correlation coefficient Pearson Type III distributions: see Gamma distributions Peasant Society and Culture (Redfield) 1:414 PEASANTRY 11:503-511 agriculture 1:211, 216, 218, 257 Chinese society 2:418
communism, Soviet 3:107 community-society continua 3:177 economic anthropology 4:360 economy, dual 4:496, 499 feudalism 5:395 gilds 6:186 Hinduism 6:365 Knapp, Georg Friedrich 8:421 Lenin 9:257, 259 manorial economy 9:563, 564 modern society, anthropological study of 1:333 social class 15:299 social movements 14:443 socialism 14:516, 522 South Asia 1:427 status, social 15:255 trade and markets 16:118 village 16:318 world view 16:578 Peck, R. C. errors, nonsampling 5:126 Pedophilia sexual deviation: social aspects 14:219 Peeping sexual deviation: social aspects 14:220 Peer groups moral development 10:492 personality development 11:613 socialization: psychological aspects 14:542 Peers, Robert cooperatives 3:392 Pegged exchange rates balance of payments 8:2 exchange rates 8:14 international monetary organization 8:18 PEIRCE, CHARLES SANDERS 11:511-513 Dewey, John 4:156 errors, nonsampling 5:123 James, William 8:230 positivism 12:391 Pellagra food: world problems 5:503 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:197 Pelloutier, Fernand socialism 14:515
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
Performance
INDEX Peloponnesian War Plato 12:160 Penal law: see Criminal law Pendleton Act (U.S. 1883) civil service 2:497 Pene-enclaves 5:60 Penfield, Wilder nervous system: brain stimulation 11:153 Pennsylvania system penology 11:515 Penobscot Indians 7:195 PENOLOGY 11:513-523 THE FIELD 11:513-518 PROBATION AND PAROLE 11:518—
Percentiles achievement testing 1:37 aptitude testing 1:372 psychometrics 13:110, 111 statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:236 PERCEPTION 11:527-581 INTRODUCTION 11:527-535 PERCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT 11:535-540 DEPTH PERCEPTION
11:540-544
PERCEPTUAL CONSTANCY 11:544-
547 ILLUSIONS AND AFTEREFFECTS 11:547-551 PERCEPTUAL DEPRIVATION 11:551-
523
556
Barnes, Harry Elmer 2:15 Beccaria 2:37 Blackstone, William 2:83 capital punishment 2:291 criminology 3:508 Lombroso, Cesare 9:472 prediction 12:420 social control 14:393 Tarde, Gabriel 15:512 utilitarianism 16:228 Penrose, Lionel S. mental retardation 10:232 PENSION FUNDS 11:523-527 aging: economic aspects 1:201 automation 1:486 collective bargaining 8:497 securities markets 14:140 Pension plans 11:523 aging: economic aspects 1:200, 201 aging: social aspects 1:191, 192 fringe benefits 16:425, 426 Pentateuch: see Torah Pentylenetetrazol shock (treament) 10:202, 203 Penutian languages 7:184, 189 People's Choice, The (Lazarsfeld, Berelson, Gaudet) political behavior 12:204 People's democracy 4:114 Pepitone, Albert cohesion, social 2:544 Percentile points, Method of distributions, approximations to 4:231, 233
SPEECH PERCEPTION
11:556-560
PERSON PERCEPTION
11:560-567
SOCIAL PERCEPTION 11:567-575 UNCONSCIOUS PERCEPTION 11:575-
581
advertising research 1:114 aesthetics 1:117, 119 body image 2:115 Brunswik, Egon 2:157 Buhler, Karl 2:200 Claparede, Edouard 2:502 color vision and color blindness 16:334 creativity: psychological aspects 3:439
developmental psychology 4:145 environment 5:92 gestalt theory 6:159 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:347 Hering, Ewald 6:351 Katz, David 8:353 Kohler, Wolfgang 8:441 mental disorders: experimental study 10:170 mental disorders: organic aspects 10:135 mental retardation 10:237 perception 11:529 phenomenology 12:70 quantal response 13:242 representational behavior 13:478 Rorschach test 12:568 sensory and motor development 14:184 Spearman, C. E. 15:110
333
stress 15:339 systems analysis, psychological 15:492 thinking 15:608, 615 time: psychological aspects 16:27 vision 16:323 Wertheimer, Max 16:523 Woodworth, Robert S. 16:563 Wundt, Wilhelm 16:585 see also Depth perception; Perceptual constancy; Person perception; Social perception; Speech perception; Unconscious perception Perception, Selective: see Selective perception Perceptual constancy 11:544 depth perception 11:543 gestalt theory 6:168 homeostasis 6:501 intellectual development 7:388 Jaensch, Erich 8:225 Koffka, Kurt 8:437 Kohler, Wolfgang 8:439 perceptual development 11:537 pollution 12:338 suggestion 15:370 Perez Jimenez, Marcos caudillismo 2:349 Perfect competition 3:181 Clark, John Maurice 2:509 elasticity 4:544 firm, theory of the 5:456, 458 Knight, Frank H. 8:424 markets and industries 9:576 patents 11:466 pricing policies 12:457 profit 12:549 trade and markets 16:118 wages 16:399 Perfect discrimination (economics) 10:464 Performance group performance 6:288 imitation 7 :98 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:423 learning 9:114, 120 mental retardation 10:241, 243 sleep 14:316, 317 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:87
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-lj I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. J
334
Performance-quality
Performance-quality: see Ascriptionachievement Perigordian culture Breuil, Henri 2:152 Period (archeology ) 1:383 Period (statistics) random numbers 13:311 Period analysis statics and dynamics in economics 15:172 PERIODIZATION 11:581-585 Spengler, Oswald 15:128 time series: cycles 16:76 Periodogram time series 16:51, 62, 65, 68 Peripheral nervous system 11:134 see also Autonomic nervous system; Somatic motor nervous system Peripheralism Watson, John B. 16:486 Perky, Cheves W. perception, unconscious 11:580 PERLMAN, SELIG 11:585-586 labor unions 8:519 social movements 14:448 Permanent Court of Arbitration adjudication, international 1:50 international conflict resolution 7:510 Permanent Court of International Justice adjudication, international 1:51 Permanent income theory consumption levels and standards 3:338 Permanent Mandates Commission (League of Nations) 16:163 Permutation test nonparametric statistics 11:179, 181 Permutations, Random errors, nonsampling 5:116 random numbers 13:312 Permutations and combinations: see Combinations and permutations Peron, Juan D. Latin American political movements 9:43 Perroux, Francois profit 12:550
INDEX Perry, James W. information storage and retrieval 7:302 Persia historiography, Islamic 6:410 Persian Letters (Montesquieu) 10:469 Person perception 11:560, 533 gestalt theory 6:164 Lewin, Kurt 9:268 Mead, George Herbert 10:85 perception, social 11:568 role: psychological aspects 13:547 social psychology 14:463 see also Social perception Persona analytical psychology 1:277 Personal disposable income consumption function 3:362, 366 installment credit 7:355, 356, 357 Personal income economic data 4:366 income distribution: functional share 7:137 Personal income taxes 15:529, 523 communism, economic organization of 3:148 sales and excise taxes 15:554 Personalistics Stern, William 15:263 PERSONALITY 11:586-614 THE FIELD 11:586-606 PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
11:606-614 acculturation 1:24 achievement motivation 1:28 adolescence 1:91 aesthetics 1:117, 120 aging: psychological aspects 1:182 analytical psychology 1:275 Angyal, Andras 1:302 anxiety 1:356 attitude change 1:464 attitudes 1:449 body image 2:113 character disorders 2:379 client-centered counseling 10:179 conformity 3:256, 257 cross pressure 3:521 culture and personality 3:558 delinquency 4:79
drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:273 drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:294 drug addiction: social aspects 4:301 expressive behavior 5:264 factor analysis: psychological applications 5:285 fatigue 5:345 field theory 5:409 Frenkel-Brunswik, Else 5:560 genetics and behavior 6:100 group behavior 6:269 homeostasis 6:501 homosexuality 14:226 Homey, Karen 6:514, 515 identity, psychosocial 7:61 individual differences 7:205 individual psychology 7:214 intellectual development 7:397 interaction, social 7:432, 435, 438, 439
interaction and personality 7:458 interviewing: personality appraisal 8:161 Jaensch, Erich 8:226 leadership: psychological aspects 9:97, 98 leisure 9:251 Linton, Ralph 9:389 literature, psychology of 9:429 mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:128 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222 fol. mental retardation 10:240 motivation, human 10:517 national character 11:15 parapsychology 11:390 personality, political 12:13 personality measurement 12:30 persuasion 12:61 prejudice 12:443 protective techniques 12:565 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:43 psychology, constitutional 13:71 psychology, existential 13:81 psychosomatic illness 13:135 religion: psychological study 13:414, 420 religious observance 13:422, 427
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indij_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Petty, William
role: psychological aspects 13:550 scientists 14:109 sex differences 7:209, 210, 211 Simmel, Georg 14:254 smoking 14:337 socialization, adult 14:556 socialization: psychological aspects 14:540 suggestion 15:372 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:397, 399 403 systems analysis, social 15:459, 460, 469 Thematic Apperception Test 12:573 Thurstone, L. L. 16:24 traits 16:123 typologies 16:180, 181, 183 see also Culture and personality PERSONALITY: CONTEMPORARY VIEWPOINTS 12:1-13 A UNIQUE AND OPEN SYSTEM 12:15
COMPONENTS OF AN EVOLVING PERSONOLOGICAL SYSTEM 12:5-13
PERSONALITY, POLITICAL 12:1330 THE STUDY OF POLITICAL PERSONALITY 12:13-21 CONSERVATISM AND RADICALISM 12:21-30
conformity 3:257 conservatism 3:290, 291 decision making: political aspects 4:58 dictatorship 4:167 identification, political 7:57 identity, psychosocial 7:64 ideology and the social system 7:79 liberalism 9:281 parties, political 11:434 political behavior 12:205 political participation 12:258 social movements 14:440 socialization, political 14:551 fol. Personality, Psychopathic: see Psychopathic personality Personality inventories 12:37 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 12:43 personality measurement 12:32
psychometrics 13:101, 102 Thurstone, L. L. 16:24 vocational interest testing 16:345 fol. PERSONALITY MEASUREMENT 12:30-55 OVERVIEW 12:30-37 PERSONALITY INVENTORIES 12:3743 THE MINNESOTA MULTIPHASIC PERSONALITY INVENTORY 12:43-
48 SITUATIONAL TESTS 12:48-55
anxiety 1:362 factor analysis: psychological applications 5:285 projective techniques 12:563 Rorschach test 12:568 Thematic Apperception Test 12:573 traits 16:126 vocational interest testing 16:345 Personality Research Form 12:42 Personnel psychology Bingham, Walter 2:78 psychology, applied 13:87 Personnel selection communication, mass 3:42 industrial and business psychology 7:225 international organization: administration 8:43 journalism 8:265 judicial administration 8:298 military psychology 10:334, 335 political recruitment and careers 12:275 Persons, Warren M. prediction and forecasting, economic 12:426 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:82 Perspective plans planning, economic: Western Europe 12:104 planning, development 12:119 PERSUASION 12:55-65 brainwashing 2:138 communication, mass 3:82, 85, 91, 94 economic warfare 4:470 Hovland, Carl I. 6:530
335
political process 12:269 propaganda 12:579 Peru hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:19 Latin American political movements 9:42 literacy 9:413 Nordenskibld, Erland 11:204 paternalism 11:473 South American society 15:65 urban revolution 16:211 Pestalozzi, Johann Heinrich educational psychology 4:534 Ritter, Carl 13:518 Peters, Carl pan movements 11:367 Petersburg paradox: see St. Petersburg paradox Peterson, Lloyd R. forgetting 5:537 Peterson, Margaret J. forgetting 5:537 Peterson, O. L. medical care: social aspects 10:98 Petition of Rights (England 1628) Coke, Edward 2:551 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:322 Petrazhitskii, Lev Ehrlich, Eugen 4:541 PETRIE, W. M. FLINDERS 12:65-66 archeology 1:379 Petroleum commodity agreements, internanational 3:20 conservation 3:288 Pettee, George S. intelligence, political and military 7:419 Pettigrew, Thomas F. perception, social 11:571 PETTY, WILLIAM 12:66-68 econometrics 4:351 Graunt, John 6:254 national income and product accounts 11:20 population 12:343 social research, early history of 15:37 statistical method, history of 15:226 Sussmilch, Johann Peter 15:436
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
336
INDEX1
Pevsner, Nikolaus
Pevsner, Nikolaus creativity: social aspects 3:453 Peyrony, Denis Breuil, Henri 2:152 Phallic stage Abraham, Karl 1:2 affection 1:122 Phantom limb body image 2:114 pain 11:359 Pharisaism 8:273 Pharmacotherapy: see Drug therapy Phase (archeology) 1:382 culture history 6:451 Phayre, Arthur historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:425 Phelps, Edmund S. inflation and deflation 7:299 Phelps Brown, E. M.: see Brown, E. M. Phelps PHENOMENOLOGY 12:68-72 gestalt theory 6:170 Husserl, Edmund 7:27 individual psychology 7:214 interviewing, therapeutic 8:174 jurisprudence 8:334 Kant, Immanuel 8:349 Katz, David 8:353 psychology, existential 13:79 religion, sociology of 13:408 Rorschach test 12:572 Scheler, Max 14:39 Schutz, Alfred 14:72 social structure 14:490 sociological thought 15:25 Stern, William 15:264 Stumpf, Carl 15:352 thinking 15:611 Phenomenology of Mind (Hegel) 1:264 Phenothiazine mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:199, 200 Phenotype genetics and behavior 6:97 race 13:264 Phenylalanine mental disorders: biological aspects 10:143 Phenylketonuria genetics and behavior 6:98
[
mental disorders: biological aspects 10:143 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:197 Phenylpyruvic oligophrenia: see Phenylketonuria Phi-coefficient survey analysis 15:425 Phi-gamma transformations statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:189 Phi phenomenon Wertheimer, Max 16:523 PHILANTHROPY 12:72-80 foundations 5:543 see also Charity Philippe II et la Franche-Comte (Febvre) 5:348 Philippines area and population 12:377 community development 3:172 historiography. South and Southeast Asian 6:423, 426 land reform 8:574 literacy 9:413 sales and excise taxes 15:552 Southeast Asia 1:423 Philippovich von Philippsberg, Eugen Austrian School 4:459 Phillips, A. W. inflation and deflation 7:293 simulation: economic processes 14:270 Phillips, Lawrence D. decision making: psychological aspects 4:40 Phillips, Philip archeology 1:381, 383 Phillips, R. H. gambling 6:56 Phillips curve employment and unemployment 5:57 inflation and deflation 7:296 Philology: see Linguistics Philosophical Theory of the State (Bosanquet) 2:132 Philosophy alienation 1:266 Aristotle 1:407 Augustine 1:468 Bacon, Francis 1; 494
Bosanquet, Bernard 2:131 Buber, Martin 2:161 Buddhism 2:171, 173 Cassirer, Ernst 2:331 causation 2:350 Chinese political thought 2:394 Christianity 2:443 Cohen, Morris R. 2:540 Condillac, Etienne Bonnot de 3:211 Condorcet 3:213 conservatism 3:293 Cournot, Antoine Augustin 3:427 Croce, Benedetto 3:518 death and bereavement 4:21 Descartes, Rene 4:127 Dewey, John 4:155 Dilthey, Wilhelm 4:185 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:430 economic thought: the Institutional School 4:462 ethical systems and social structures 5:157 Ferguson, Adam 5:369 Green, T. H. 6:255 Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:296 Hegel. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 6:341 history, philosophy of 6:428 Hobbes, Thomas 6:481 Hobhouse, L. T. 6:487 Holmes, Oliver Wendell 6:493 Huizinga. Johan 6:532 Hume, David 6:546 Husserl, Edmund 7:27 Ibn Khaldun 7:53 identity, psychosocial 7:62 Indian political thought 7:169 James, William 8:227 Jung, Carl Gustav 8:326 jurisprudence 8:333 Kant, Immanuel 8:349 Kelsen, Hans 8:360 Knight, Frank H. 8:426 Llewellyn, Karl N. 9:440 Lukacs, Gyorgy 9:488 Mandeville, Bernard 9:554 Mead. George Herbert 10:83 Montesquieu 10:467 natural law 11:80 fol. Ockham, William of 11:269 Ortega y Gasset, Jose 11:343
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"j cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Physiological psychology
Peirce, Charles Sanders 11:511 phenomenology 12:68 Plato 12:159 political theory 12:309, 319 positivism 12:389 probability 12:503 professions 12:540 religion: psychological study 13:416 Schlick, Moritz 14:52 Schutz, Alfred 14:72 science, history of 14:75 science, philosophy of 14:84 Shang Yang 14:233 Simmel, Georg 14:253 Spinoza, Baruch 15:135 Stern, William 15:263 Stumpf, Carl 15:351 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:94 typologies 16:182 utilitarianism 16:224 Vico, Giovanni Battista 16:313 Voltaire 16:355 Whitehead, Alfred North 16:533 Wundt, Wilhelm 16:584 see also Aesthetics; Ethics; Logic; Political theory Philosophy of history 6:428 Acton, J. E. E. D. 1:40,41 Augustine 1:469 Cassirer, Ernst 2:332 Cohen, Morris R. 2:541 Comte, Auguste 3:201 Cournot, Antoine Augustin 3:429 crisis government 3:518 Oil they, Wilhelm 4:185 Engels, Friedrich 5:67 evolution 5:206 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 6:341 historiography, Islamic 6:411 historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:390 Hume, David 6:546 Mahan, Alfred Thayer 9:529 Marx, Karl 10:35 Marxism 10:40 Marxist sociology 10:48, 49 Simmel, Georg 14:253 Spengler, Oswald 15:128 style 15:357 Verstehen 16:311
Vico, Giovanni Battista 16:313, 315 Voltaire 16:356 Weber, Max 16:494 Philosophy of History (Hegel) periodization 11:583 style 15:357 Philosophy of law jurisprudence 8:334, 338, 339 Philosophy of Right (Hegel) 6:342 Philosophy of science 14:83 for classified list of articles on PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE see volume 17 page 96 Philosophy of Symbolic Forms (Cassirer) 2:332 Philosophy of Wealth, The (Clark) 2:505 Phipps (Henry) Psychiatric Clinic Meyer, Adolf 10:264 PHOBIAS 12:81-85 conflict: psychological aspects 3:225 emotion 5:39 learning 9:125 neurosis 11:163 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:244 see also Fear Phobodipsia 12:81 Phonemes language and culture 9:19 language development 9:10 speech perception 11:556, 558 Phonemics Sapir, Edward 14:13 Phonetic change (sound change) 9:376 Bloomfield, Leonard 2:96 Phonetics 9:354 Phonology language development 9:10 linguistics 9:356 linguistics, historical 9:375 Photophobia 12:81 Phrenology Gall, Franz Joseph 6:47 mental disorders: experimental study 10:167 Phylogeny skin senses and kinesthesis 14:306
337
PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 12:85-90 anthropology 1:305, 312 Boas, Franz 2:105 evolution, human 5:215 evolution, primate 5:210 genetics and race 6:108 Hooton, Earnest A. 6:511 Hrdlicka, Ales 6:531 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:455 nervous system: evolutionary and behavioral aspects of the brain 11:126 Weidenreich, Franz 16:502 Wissler, Clark 16:559 Physical geography geography, cultural 6:130 geography, statistical 6:147 Physicalism Bloomfield, Leonard 2:97 Freud, Sigmund 6:5 Schlick, Moritz 14:55 Physicians 10:105 crime, white-collar 3:485 medical care: social aspects 10:95 professions 12:541 Physics gestalt theory 6:161 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:346 systems analysis 15:452 von Neumann, John 16:385 Physics and Politics (Bagehot) 1:502 Physiocrats 4:443 Condillac, Etienne Bonnot de 3:212 entrepreneurship 5:88 laissez-faire 8:546 Mercier de la Riviere 10:248 national income and product accounts 11:20 population theories 12:350 Quesnay, Francois 13:244, 245 Turgot, Anne Robert Jacques 16:167 Physiological Optics (Helmholtz) 6:347 Physiological psychology 13:60 adolescence 1:86 Bell, Charles 2:47 Broca, Paul 2:154 Cannon, Walter B. 2:261 color vision and color blindness 16:329 drives, physiological 4:275
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
338
Physiology
drug addiction: organic and psychological 4:290 electroconvulsive shock 5:21 evolution and behavior 5:234 Fechner, Gustav Theodor 5:350 Gall, Franz Joseph 6:47 genetics and behavior 6:96 hearing 6:336 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:345 homeostasis 6:499 instinct 7:370 Lashley, Karl S. 9:27 learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:154 Lotze, Hermann 9:477 military psychology 10:335 motivation 10:508 Mullet, Johannes 10:525 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:150 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:130 pain 11:360 personality measurement 12:34 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:41 psychophysics 13:120 radiation 13:290 Sechenov, Ivan M. 14:129 senses 14:172 sensory and motor development 14:182 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:300 taste and smell 15:514 vision 16:323, 327 Weber, Ernst Heinrich 16:493 Wundt, Wilhelm 16:583 Physiology Cannon, Walter B. 2:260 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:87 drives, physiological 4:275 emotion 5:38 gestalt theory 6:161 Hartley, David 6:324 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:345 homeostasis 6:499 learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:158 motivation 10:508 obesity 11:229 pain 11:359 parapsychology 11:389
INDEX perceptual deprivation 11:554 personality 11:601 psychosomatic illness 13:135 sleep 14:315 Physiology, Social: see Social physiology Physiology of Industry, The (Mummery and Hobson) 6:490 Piaget, Jean adolescence 1:90 causation 2:354 concept formation 3:209 developmental psychology 4:138 intellectual development 7:387 mental retardation 10:229, 230 moral development 10:487, 489 perceptual development 11:536 psychiatry 12:611 Pickett, Ronald M. attention 1:448 Picture Arrangement Test: see Tompkins-Horn Picture Arrangement test Piddington, Ralph cultural adaption 3:551 Pidgin languages 9:363 speech community 9:383 Piecework reward systems in industry 7:248 wages 16:414 Piette, Edouard Breuil, Henri 2:151 Pigors, Paul leadership: psychological aspects 9:92 PIGOU, ARTHUR CECIL 12:90-97 consumption function 3:366 external economies and diseconomies 5:269 income and employment theory 7:129 liquidity preference 9:397 money: quantity theory 10:433 money: velocity of circulation 10:450 national income and product accounts 11:25 welfare economics 16:504, 508 Pigou effect 12:96 liquidity preference 9:405 Pike, Kenneth L. linguistics 9:356
Pilkington Committee Report communication, mass: television and its place in mass culture 3:66, 67 Pilot studies errors, nonsampling 5:114 statistics 15:211 Pima Indians 7:191 Pinard, Adrien mental retardation 10:228, 229 Pinchot, Gifford conservation: political and social aspects 3:273 PINEL, PHILIPPE 12:97-99 Charcot, Jean Martin 2:384 Pinkava, V. homosexuality 14:224 Pintner, Rudolf Paterson, Donald G. 11:478 Pioneer fringe Bowman, Isaiah 2:137 Piracy Caribbean society 2:308 international crimes 7:516 Pirandello, Luigi literature: political fiction 9:437 PIRENNE, HENRI 12:99-100 Febvre, Lucien 5:348 Pitch hearing 6:338 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:348 Pithecanthropus erectus Weidenreich, Franz 16:503 PITT-RIVERS, A. H. L.-F. 12:100-102 archeology 1:379 Pituitary gland infancy: the effects of early experience 7:285 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:140 Placebo effect pain 11:358 psychopharmacology 4:287 statistics 15:216 Plague, The (Camus) 9:437 Plains Indians 7:192 cultural adaptation 3:553 nativism and revivalism 11:78 Spier, Leslie 15:130 PLANNING, ECONOMIC 12:102125 WESTERN EUROPE 12:102-110
I CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Pluralism
EASTERN EUROPE 12:110-118 DEVELOPMENT PLANNING 12:118-
125 agriculture 1:225 Barone, Enrico 2:18 capitalism 2:299 communism 15:364 communism, economic organization of 3:133, 134, 147, 151 developing countries 15:364 economic data: the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe 4:370 economic growth 4:400 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:421 economics 4:475 external economies and diseconomies 5:273 geography, economic 6:125 government statistics 6:236 Institutional School 4:464, 465, 466 Islamic countries 11:98 Kondratieff, N. D. 8:443 labor relations: developing countries 8:516 land: classification 8:559, 560, 561 Lange, Oskar 8:583 Mitchell, Wesley C. 10:377 national income and product accounts 11:33 nationalization 11:70 North African society 1:129 planning, welfare 12:144 socialism 14:525 socialist economic thought 4:446, 453 technical assistance 15:574 technology and international relations 15:596 time: social organization 16:41 utility 16:264 PLANNING, SOCIAL 12:125-154 INTRODUCTION 12:125-129 REGIONAL AND URBAN PLANNING 12:129-137 RESOURCE PLANNING 12:137-142 WELFARE PLANNING 12:142-154
blindness 2:87 community development 3:169
food 5:505 housing: social aspects 6:516 modernization: social aspects 10:388 occupations and careers 11:247 population policies 12:385 poverty 12:401 public health 13:167 rural society 13:585 social science fiction 14:478 social work 14:495 transportation: social aspects 16:133 Planning, Urban: see Urban planning PLANTATIONS 12:154-159 agriculture: comparative technology 1:207 agriculture: production 1:224 Caribbean society 2:306, 308, 309, 310, 311 economy, dual 4:496 paternalism 11:472 Southeast Asia 1:429, 431 Plateau, Joseph A. F. psychophysics 13:123 Plateau culture area Indians, American 7:187 Plath, David W. Japanese society 2:248 PLATO 12:159-164 administrative process 1:73 authority 1:473 censorship 2:359 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:56 consensus 3:267 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:320 dictatorship 4:162, 167 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:430 equality 5:106, 108 foundations 5:542 Halevy, Elie 6:308 judicial discretion 8:320 justice 8:342 natural law 11:80 political theory: trends and goals 12:319, 321, 324 population theories 12:350 social class 15:296 social contract 14:377
339
specialization and exchange 15:111 state 15:154 systems analysis 15:457 typologies 16:180 utility 16:237, 249 utopianism 16:267 Verstehen 16:309 Platt, Robert S. central place 2:365 Play affection 1:123 fantasy 5:332 leisure 9:248 Mead, George Herbert 10:86 projective techniques 12:564 Pleasure Bentham, Jeremy 2:55 Mill, John Stuart 10:342 utilitarianism 16:227 utility 16:236,237,249 Pleasure principle psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:5, 8 Plebiscitary democracy elections 5:5 responsibility 13:498 Plebiscites nation 11:11 Pleistocene epoch evolution, human 5:216, 218 evolution, primate 5:214 hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:15 hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:9, 11 Plekhanov, Georgii communism, Soviet 3:103 Lenin 9:255, 256 Plessy v. Ferguson constitutional law: civil rights 3:315 race relations: world perspectives 13:274 segregation 14:146 Plotinus alienation 1:264 PLURALISM 12:164-169 capitalism 2:298 caste 2:335 Christianity 2:444 community power 3:159 conflict: social aspects 3:233
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| ^cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
340
Plutarch
Figgis, John Neville 5:425 Gierke, Otto von 6:180 interest groups 7:488 fol. Laski, Harold J. 9:31 law, sociology of 9:51 legal system 9:64 majority rule 9:539 mass society 10:62 Montesquieu 10:474 peasantry 11:506 political behavior 12:206 political group analysis 12:242 political opinion 13:203 representation 13:465 segregation 14:145 Southeast Asia 1:433 systems analysis, social 15:462 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:376 Plutarch art and society 5:440 Poetic Mind, The (Prescott) 9:427 Poetics (Aristotle) 3:73 Poetry folklore 5:498 literature, psychology of 9:426 sub-Saharan Africa 1:149 Poffenberger, Albert T. Cattell, James McKeen 2:345 psychopharmacology 4:287 Poggendorf illusion 11:548 Pogodin, Mikhail P. pan movements 11:366 Pogroms anti-Semitism 1:347 Pohl, Frederik social science fiction 14:478 Poinsot, Louis Walras, Leon 16:450 Point-biserial correlation multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:540 Point estimation 5:142 errors in statistical assumptions 5:133 estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:150, 151 index numbers: theoretical aspects 7:158 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:25 nonparametric statistics 11:177 statistics 15:211 sufficiency 15:368
INDEX time series: cycles 16:75 variances, statistical study of 16:295 POISSON, SIMEON DENIS 12:169172 Bortkiewicz, Ladislaus von 2:129 statistical method, history of 15:226 Poisson-binomial distributions 4:238, 240 Poisson distributions Bortkiewicz, Ladislaus von 2:129 counted data 3:424 distributions, mixtures of 4:238, 239 distributions, special discrete 4:219, 221, 224 goodness of fit 6:205 Cosset, William Sealy 6:211 point estimation 5:144 Poisson, Simeon Denis 12:170 probability, formal 12:496 quality control, statistical: process control 13:232 queues 13:258 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:184
Poisson distributions, Bivariate: see Bivariate Poisson distributions Poisson-negative binomial distributions 4:239 Poisson-Poisson distributions 4:239 Poisson process 12:171 distributions, special discrete 4:225 queues 13:258 time series 16:56 Poisson series Lexis, Wilhelm 9:273 Poland academic freedom 1:8 area and population 12:377 civil disobedience 2:481 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:141 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:152, 153 communism, national 3:114 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:522 literacy 9:413
migration: economic aspects 10:294 nationalism 11:66 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:110, 116 POLANYI, KARL 12:172-174 exchange and display 5:239, 242 Herskovits, Melville Jean 6:354 political theory 12:308 state 15:148 Pole, Thomas adult education 1:101 POLICE 12:174-181 administrative policy 1:73 Anglo-American society 1:299 criminal law 3:499, 500 gambling 6:60 law, sociology of 9:55 prostitution 12:596 POLICY SCIENCES 12:181-189 national security 11:44 public administration 13:149 Polls Aristotle 1:409 legitimacy 9:245 natural rights 11:86 political theory 12:320 Polish Peasant in Europe and America, The (Thomas and Znaniecki) political sociology 12:304 Thomas, W. I. 16:4 Znaniecki, Florian 16:599 Politburo Chinese society 2:422 Political access: see Access to politics Political action collective bargaining 8:492, 493 labor movement, theories of 8:520 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:523 labor unions in the United States 8:539 POLITICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 12:189-202 THE FIELD 12:189-193 POLITICAL ORGANIZATION 12:193-
202
age differentiation 1:161 conflict 3:226, 236 feud 5:389
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Political participation
judicial process: comparative aspects 8:291 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:532 sanctions 14:1 social anthropology 1:323 state 15:144 stateless society 15:157 war 16:468 Political arithmetic Davenant, Charles 4:14 social research 15:36 sociology 15:7 Political asylum: see Asylum, Political POLITICAL BEHAVIOR 12:203-214 Bentley, Arthur F. 2:60, 61 communism, international 3:129 decision making: political aspects 4:57 foreign aid: political aspects 5:515 foreign policy 5:531 geography, political 6:119 identification, political 7:57 Key, V. O., Jr. 8:366 legislative behavior 9:237 Lowell, A. Lawrence 9:480 Merriam, Charles E. 10:258 Michels, Robert 10:270 Namier, L. B. 11:5 Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. 11:347 panel studies 11:376 peasantry 11:508 personality, political 12:14, 18 political culture 12:218 political efficacy 12:225 political opinion 13:200 political participation 12:252 political science 12:291, 295 political sociology 12:300 political theory: trends and goals 12:325 power 12:412 Rice, Stuart 13:512 socialization, political 14:553 systems analysis, political 15:473 values 16:286 voting 16:387 Wallas, Graham 16:442 Political boss political machines 12:249 Political campaigns communication, political 3:94 political financing 12:236, 240
POLITICAL CLUBS 12:214-218 radicalism 13:296 Political communication: see Communication, Political POLITICAL CULTURE 12:218-225 authority 1:476 government 6:226 identification, political 7:59 loyalty 9:484 Michels, Robert 10:269 militarism 10:303 modernization: political aspects 10:395 nation 11:12 personality, political 12:15 political efficacy 12:226 politics, comparative 12:333 Political ecology Siegfried, Andre 14:236 Political Economy (Lange) 8:583 POLITICAL EFFICACY 12:225-228 political participation 12:259 voting 16:390 Political Essay on the Kingdom of
New Spain (Humboldt) 6:546 POLITICAL EXECUTIVE 12:228235 administrative function 1:62 administrative process 1:72 constitutional law 3:296 government 6:224 leadership: political aspects 9:107 parliamentary government 11:421, 423 presidential government 12:451 see also Legislative-executive relations Political fiction 9:430 ideology 7:68 intellectuals 7:413 social science fiction 14:475 POLITICAL FINANCING 12:235-241 parties, political 11:435 political participation 12:254 Political gaming simulation: political processes 14:274 Political geography 6:116 enclaves and exclaves 5:60 geography, cultural 6:133 Mackinder, Halford 9:515 nation 11:10 Siegfried, Andre 14:236
341
technology and international retions 15:589 see also Geopolitics POLITICAL GROUP ANALYSIS 12:241-245 legislative behavior 9:238 pluralism 12:168 political behavior 12:203, 207 political boss 12:214 political science 12:290 public law 13:178 Political identification: see Identification, Political POLITICAL JUSTICE 12:246-248 Political Justice (Godwin) anarchism 1:283 POLITICAL MACHINES 12:248-252 bureaucracy 2:211 local government 9:456 local politics 9:461 Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. 11:348 political clubs 12:214 Political organization 12:193 Caribbean society 2:317 hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:24 Indians, North American 7:181 Islamic countries 11:97 Middle American society 10:282, 283 Oceanian society 11:262 political sociology 12:302 Protestant political thought 12:601 Smith, William Robertson 14:332, 333 tribal society 16:148 POLITICAL PARTICIPATION 12:252-265 access to politics 1:10 authority 1:476 community power 3:160 cross pressures 3:521 interest groups 7:489 local politics 9:464 metropolitan government 2:461 personality, political 12:19 political culture 12:221 political efficacy 12:226 political financing 12:237 socialization, political 14:554 totalitarianism 16:108, 111, 112
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
342
Political parties
voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:369 voting 16:390 Political parties: see Parties, Political Political Parties (Duverger) 11:439, 447 Political Parties (Michels) 10:265, 266 Political personality: see Personality, Political Political philosophy: see Political theory Political Power (Merriam) 10:257 POLITICAL PROCESS 12:265-273 budgeting 2:192, 196 Goodnow, Frank J. 6:208 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:33 judicial process 8:290 Middle American society 10:284 political anthropology 12:193 political financing 12:235 political science 12:289, 291 political sociology 12:299, 300 simulation: political processes 14:274 societies, small 14:575 South American society 15:67 stateless society 15:157 systems analysis, political 15:475 systems analysis, social 15:462 POLITICAL RECRUITMENT AND CAREERS 12:273-282 elites 5:27 legislative behavior 9:241 local politics 9:462 parties, political 11:433 political efficacy 12:227 Political reform local politics 9:461 Merriam. Charles E. 10:256 office, misuse of 11:274 political machines 12:251 POLITICAL SCIENCE 12:282-298 see also Government; International law; International relations; Political behavior; Political theory; Politics, Comparative; Public administration; Public law for classified list of articles on POLITICAL SCIENCE see volume 17 page 96
[
INDEX POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY 12:298-307 Bagehot, Walter 1:500 dictatorship 4:166 history and the social sciences 6:436 ideology 7:68 interest groups 7:491 Michels, Robert 10:265 Tarde, Gabriel 15:512 voting 16:391 Political systems 15:473 communism, international 3:126, 127 democracy 4:112 dictatorship 4:161 empires 5:41 fascism 5:334 federalism 5:353 feudalism 5:393 geography, political 6:118 integration, global 7:530 legislatures 9:236 loyalty 9:485 modernization: political aspects 10:395
Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. 11:347 parties, political 11:430, 447 political executive 12:232 political financing 12:235 political group analysis 12:244 political recruitment and careers 12:280 political science 12:285 fol., 294 power 12:407, 408 representational systems 13:466, 470 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:206 social institutions: comparative study 14:423 systems analysis, social 15:463, 471 Tarde, Gabriel 15:512 totalitarianism 16:108 voting 16:392 Political Systems of Highland Burma (Leach) 14:486 POLITICAL THEORY 12:307-331 APPROACHES 12:307-318 TRENDS AND GOALS 12:318-331
Aquinas, Thomas 1:377 Aristotle 1:409
Augustine 1:468 Bentham, Jeremy 2:55 Brecht, Arnold 2:146 Bryce, James 2:159 Burke, Edmund 2:221 Calvin, John 2:258 canon law 2:263 Chinese society 2:416 civil disobedience 2:475 Comte, Auguste 3:201 consensus 3:267 Fanon, Frantz 5:326 federalism 5:362 Figgis, John Neville 5:424 government 6:216 Harrington, James 6:323 Heller, Hermann 6:344 Hobbes, Thomas 6:481 Jefferson, Thomas 8:250 Lindsay, A. D. 9:307 Locke, John 9:466 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:505 Mcllwain, Charles H. 9:511 Madison, James 9:519 Marsilius of Padua 10:33 Merriam, Charles E. 10:255, 257, 258 Michels, Robert 10:266 Mill, John Stuart 10:340 Montesquieu 10:467 Ockham, William of 11:269 oligarchy 11:281 Plato 12:159 pluralism 12:164 political participation 12:253 political science 12:288, 293 political sociology 12:305 politics, comparative 12:331 power 12:406 simulation: political processes 14:278 social contract 14:376, 377 Sorel, Georges 15:60 sovereignty 15:77 state 15:144, 150 stateless society 15:166 utilitarianism 16:230 utopianism 16:267 Wallas, Graham 16:441 Weber, Max 16:500 Willoughby, Westel Woodbury 16:555 Political Theory (Brecht) 2:146
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Polynesia
Political thought: see Chinese political thought; Indian political thought; Protestant political thought Politicians crime, white-collar 3:484 political efficacy 12:227 political machines 12:249 political recruitment and careers 12:273-282 Politico-Economic Conservatism Scale personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:25 Politics Anglo-American society 1:296 Aquinas, Thomas 1:377 Aristotle 1:408, 409 authority 1:475 Bryce, James 2:160 budgeting 2:192 civil-military relations 2:490, 493 colonialism: political aspects 3:1 communication, mass 3:57 consensus 3:266 conservatism 3:291 economic warfare 4:469 economy and society 4:504 educational systems 4:510 generations, political 6:92 geography, political 6:116 government 6:214 ideology 7:68 intellectuals 7:413 journalism 8:270 Key, V. O., Jr. 8:366 laissez-faire 8:546 leadership: political aspects 9:107 Lippmann, Walter 9:392 lobbying 9:441 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:509 mercantilism 4:438 neutralism and nonalignment 11:168 nonpartisanship 11:201 parties, political 11:428 political anthropology 12:189 political behavior 12:203 political clubs 12:214 political culture 12:218 political financing 12:235 political process 12:266 political science 12:284, 290, 292, 295
political sociology 12:299 political theory: trends and goals 12:319 power 12:405 public administration 13:147 public opinion 13:192 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:443 religious specialists: sociological study 13:448 rules of the game 13:571 rumor 13:579 Schmitt, Carl 14:58 science, sociology of 14:95 sects and cults 14:135 social class 15:302 South American society 15:71 South Asia 1:420,422 systems analysis, political 15:474 see also Chinese political thought; Indian political thought; Protestant political thought Politics (Aristotle) 1:409, 410 administrative process 1:73 Aquinas, Thomas 1:375 natural law 11:81 natural rights 11:86 power 12:408 Politics, Access to: see Access to politics POLITICS, COMPARATIVE 12:331336 comparative public law 13:183 political anthropology 12:190, 193, 199 political behavior 12:205 political culture 12:218 political science 12:288, 290, 292 political theory.- trends and goals 12:320 public administration 13:151 Wilson, Woodrow 16:556 Politics, International: see International politics Politics, Local: see Local politics Politics Among Nations (Morgenthau) 8:61 Politics and Administration
(Goodnow) 6:208 public administration 13:147 Politics, Parties, and Pressure Groups (Key) 8:366 Politischer Discurs (Becher) 2:39
343
Polity Aristotle 1:409 Islam 8:212 Judaism 8:277 political anthropology 12:197 systems analysis, political 15:475 Pollaczek-Khinchin formula queues 13:260 Pollock, Frederick adjudication, domestic 1:46 Pollock, James K. political financing 12:236 Polls (elections) representational behavior 13:479 Polls (public opinion) 13:189, 190 errors, nonsampling 5:117 information services 7:311 interviewing 8:150 voting 16:388 Pollution (environmental) air 2:452 water 16:480 POLLUTION (religious) 12:336342 Hinduism 6:359 Indian caste system 2:340 ritual 13:521 segregation 14:148 Poltergeists parapsychology 11:396 Polyandry 10:14 McLennan, John Ferguson 9:517 Polybius constitutions and constitutionalism 3:320 Harrington, James 6:324 Polygamy Islam 8:213 marriage: comparative analysis 10:14 marriage: family formation 10:2 Polygyny marriage: comparative analysis 10:14 nuptiality 11:224 Oceanian society 11:261 Polynesia agriculture: comparative technology 1:204 marriage: comparative analysis 10:11 Oceanian society 11:255
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
344
Polynomial regression linear hypotheses: regression 9:316, 321, 323 Polynomial trend time series: general 16:49 Polynomous dependent variables tabular presentation 15:504 Pomest'e feudalism 5:400 Porno Indians 7:190 Pondaungia cotteri evolution, primate 5:213 P'ongsawadan (Thai chronicle) historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:422 Pons nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:138 Poor Law (England 1576) illegitimacy 7:88 Poor Law (England 1601) welfare state 16:512 Poor Law (England 1834) poverty 12:401 welfare state 16:514 Poor laws aging: economic aspects 1:198 social research 15:42 Webb, Sidney and Beatrice 16:489 Pope, Listen sects and cults 14:131 Popper, Karl evolution 5:206 planning, social 12:127 positivism 12:390 science, philosophy of 14:88 utilitarianism 16:227 Popular culture historiography: Chinese historioggraphy 6:405 social science fiction 14:474 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:93 POPULATION 12:342-388 THE FIELD OF DEMOGRAPHY 12 : 342-
349 POPULATION THEORIES 12:349-358 OPTIMUM POPULATION THEORY 12:358-362 POPULATION COMPOSITION 12:362-
370 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION 12:370-
376
INDEX
Polynomial regression POPULATION GROWTH 12:376-381 POPULATION POLICIES 12:381-388
agriculture: history 1:215, 216, 220 agriculture: production 1:226, 227, 228 apportionment 1:367 Benini, Rodolfo 2:52 Bertillon, Jacques 2:70 Bortkiewicz, Ladislaus von 2:128 Carr-Saunders, A. M. 2:319 census 2:360 city: comparative urban structure 2:467
consumption function 3:361 ecology 4:330 ecology, human 4:331 economic data: mainland China 4:373 economic growth 4:400, 405, 408, 409 economy, dual 4:497 eugenics 5:194 fertility 5:372 fertility control 5:385 food: world problems 5:502, 504 genetics, demography and population 6:102 Gini, Corrado 6:190 government statistics 6:231 Hankins, Frank H. 6:318 housing: economic aspects 6:523 Indians, North American 7:181, 183, 185, 187, 188, 191, 196 industrialization: economic aspects 7:253, 258 Islamic countries 11:91 Israel 11:101, 105 Kulischer, Eugene 8:465 labor force 8:469, 474 land tenure 8:563 Malthus, Thomas Robert 9:549, 550 Middle American society 10:273 migration: economic aspects 10:295 migration: social aspects 10:289 Mill, John Stuart 10:345 mortality 10:499 neighborhood 11:122 Oceanian society 11:264 power transition 12:416 race relations: world perspectives 13:272
Ricardo, David 13:509 rural society 13:581, 584 simulation: economic processes 14:271 society 14.- 584, 585 South Asia 1:423 statistical method, history of 15:224 statistics 15:208 Siissmilch, Johann Peter 15:436 urban revolution 16:205 vital statistics 16:342 Wicksell, Knut 16:540 see also Demography; Population density; Population distribution; Population growth; Population policies Population, Animal social behavior, animal: the regulation of animal populations 14:360 Population density conflict: anthropological aspects 3:239 infancy: the effects of early experience 7:286 population distribution 12:371 population growth 12:376 rural society 13:582 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:210 sub-Saharan Africa 1:152 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:364 Population density, Animal social behavior, animal: the regulation of animal populations 14:361 Population distribution 12:370 city: comparative urban structure 2:468
city: forms and functions 2:452 Population explosion 12:346 Population genetics 6:102 genetics and race 6:108 physical anthropology 12:88 Population growth 12:376, 345, 347 aging: social aspects 1:186 Barton, John 2:22 Carey, Henry C. 2:305 city: metropolitan government 2:460 economic growth 4:411
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Power
INDEX fertility 5:375 food: world problems 5:502, 504 industrialization: economic aspects 7:259 industrialization: social aspects 7:268 Malthus, Thomas Robert 9:550 migration: economic aspects 10:295, 296 optimum population theory 12:358 population distribution 12:373 population theories 12:354 productivity 12:527 South American society 15:66 Sundt, Eilert Lund 15:410 Sussrm'lch, Johann Peter 15:436 wages 16:397 war 16:462, 470 Population policies 12:381 eugenics 5:194 Populism Borgoraz, Vladimir G.; Sternberg, Lev Y.; and Jochelson, Vladimir 2:116 intellectuals 6:408 mass society 10:60 radicalism 13:296 socialism 14:516 Poro (people) voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:359 Porta, Giambattista della criminology 3:505 Portales, Diego caudillismo 2:348 Portfolio approach liquidity preference 9:398, 400 Portfolio investments capital movements, private international 8:28 Portugal colonialism: economic aspects 3:9 colonialism: political aspects 3:4 literacy 9:413 migration: economic aspects 10:294 nuptiality 11:225 population composition 12:367 race relations: world perspectives 13:271 sub-Saharan Africa 1:146 Portuguese Guinea literacy 9:413
Position statement: see Balance sheet Positive-interest model capital 2:274 Positive law Blackstone, William 2:83 Duguit, Leon 4:306, 307 Positive reinforcement (learning) 9:136 POSITIVISM 12:389-395 Comte, Auguste 3:202, 203, 204 jurisprudence 8:335, 337, 338 Le Play, Frederic 9:88 Lundberg, George 9:492 natural law 11:80 Ross, Edward A. 13:560 Saint-Simon 13:592 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:172 Verstehen 16:308 fol. von Mises, Richard 16:384 Ward, Lester F. 16:474 see also Legal positivism; Logical positivism Pospisil, Leopold feud 5:392 law and legal institutions 9: 73 sanctions 14:2 Possibilism environmentalism 5:93, 95 geography, political 6:119 Post-classic stage urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:214 Post-Enumeration Survey social class, measurement of 15:321 Posterior distribution Bayesian inference 2:29, 31 Posterior probability decision making: psychological aspects 4:39 probability, formal 12:490 Postman, Leo rumor 13:577 Poston, Richard W. community development 3:171 Potassium-argon dating archeology 1:388 Potassium cyanate mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:197 Potential production unit land: classification 8:560
345
Potential surprise economic expectations 4:393 Potlatch cultural adaptation 3:552 exchange and display 5:241, 244 Indians, North American 7:185, 186 POUND, ROSCOE 12:395-398 Ehrlich, Eugen 4:541 judicial administration 8:298 jurisprudence 8:334 law, sociology of 9:57 Pound at Home and Abroad, The (Hawtrey) 6:329 POVERTY 12:398-404 Booth, Charles 2:124 capitalism 2:301 class culture 15:334 consumption levels and standards 3:339, 340 economics 4:479 economy, dual 4:497 famine 5:322 income distribution: size 7:149 modernization: social aspects 10:390, 391 monasticism 10:417 social research, early history of 15:42, 44 welfare state 16:513, 514 Powdermaker, Hortense anthropological study of modern society 1:332 POWELL, JOHN WESLEY 12:404405 Powell, Thomas Reed public law 13:176 POWER 12:405-415 access to politics 1:10 Acton, J. E. E. D. 1:42 authority 1:473 autocracy 1:478 balance of power 1:506 Bodin, Jean 2:111 Brandeis, Louis Dembitz 2:144 caste 2:335 centralization and decentralization 2:370
collective bargaining 8:491 collective security 2:565 communication, political: international aspects 3:99 community power 3:157
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
346
INDEX
Poiuer, Balance of
dictatorship 4:161 diplomacy 4:189 ecology 4:333 economic growth 4:406 economy and society 4:504 exchange and display 5:241 fascism 5:336 foreign aid: political aspects 5:514 freedom 5:556 geography, political 6:118 government 6:214, 218 group formation 6:278 imperialism 7:105, 106 interaction: social exchange 7:455, 456 interaction process analysis 7:470 interest groups 7:487 international politics 8:54, 55 international relations 8:61 kingship 8:387 labor unions 7:236 land: economic aspects 8:551 law, sociology of 9:53 leadership: political aspects 9:108 leadership: psychological aspects 9:92 leadership: sociological aspects 9:101, 102, 103 literature: political fiction 9:430 local politics 9:462 Mcllwain, Charles H. 9:512 marriage: family formation 10:3 Meinecke, Friedrich 10:122 mercantilism 4:438 Merriam, Charles E. 10:257 Middle American society 10:281 military power potential 10:325 minorities 10:368, 369 monopoly 10:460, 461 national interest 11:37 national security 11:41 nationalization 11:71 parties, political 11:434 peace 11:489 pluralism 12:165, 168 policy sciences 2:183 fol. political anthropology: political organization 12:193 political behavior 12:208 political culture 12:222 political process 12:265 fol. political science 12:283, 291, 294 political sociology 12:302
political theory 12:312, 314 population theories 12:353 public relations 13:213 reference groups 13:355 responsibility 13:497 ritual 13:524 Shang Yang 14:233 slavery 14:307 social class 15:303, 309, 310 social control: organizational aspects 14:396, 398 social movements 14:442 sovereignty 15:79 state 15:146, 155 stratification, social 15:291, 292 stratification systems 15:326 systems analysis, political 15:474 systems analysis, social 15:465, 470, 471, 472 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:91 Weber, Max 16:499 Wieser, Friedrich von 16:550 Power, Balance of: see Balance of power Power, Robustness of errors in statistical assumptions 5:134 hypothesis testing 7:44 Power, Statistical hypothesis testing 7:43 runs 11:195 significance, tests of 14:243, 244, 245 see also Type I error; Type II error Power family statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:188 Power functions hypothesis testing 7:44 psychophysics 13:123, 124, 125 Power of chi-square test: see Chi-square test, Power of Power potential international politics 8:55 Power tests aptitude testing 1:371 POWER TRANSITION 12:415-418 Powers, Delegation of: see Delegation of powers Powers, Distribution of: see Distribution of powers
Powers, Division of: see Division of powers Powers, Separation of: see Separation of powers Practice classical conditioning 9:129 learning 9:117, 121, 123 reaction time 13:331 Pragmatism Cohen, Morris R. 2:540 Dewey, John 4:155, 156 interaction, social 7:434 James, William 8:230 jurisprudence 8:335 knowledge, sociology of 8:431 Mead, George Herbert 10:84 Peirce, Charles Sanders 11:511 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:8 Prdgnanz gestalt theory 6:160, 168 Pratt, Carroll C. aesthetics 1:118, 120 Praxeology von Mises, Ludwig 16:381 Prebisch, Raul inflation and deflation 7:294 Precautionary demand income and employment theory 7:127 Precedents adjudication, domestic 1:46 Cardozo, Benjamin 2:303 common law systems 9:212 legal reasoning 9:199 Precision (statistics) fallacies, statistical 5:293 statistics 15:211 Pre-classic stage: see Formative stage Precognition parapsychology 11:386, 394 Preconscious Freud, Sigmund 6:2 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:2 Predestination Christianity 2:441 segregation 14:148 Weber, Max 16:496 PREDICTION 12:418-425 Bayesian inference 2:31 coalition formation 2:531 judicial behavior 8:312, 313 linear hypotheses: regression 9:315
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers.J
President's Science Advisory Committee
INDEX Markov chains 9:581 models, mathematical 10:378, 382 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:540 population growth 12:380 probation and parole 11:520 psychometrics 13:105, 106 science, philosophy of 14:89 simulation: individual behavior 14:265 social change 14:374 systems analysis, international 15:481 technology and international relations 15:594, 596 time series: cycles 16:70 PREDICTION AND FORECASTING, ECONOMIC 12:425-439 business management 2:251 conservation: economic aspects 3:285 consumer behavior 3:351 econometric models, aggregate 4:345 econometrics 4:358 economic expectations 4:389 economics 4:473 fiscal policy 5:466, 469 inventory behavior 8:180 market analysis 9:567, 568 markets and industries 9:576 Mitchell, Wesley C. 10:375, 376 monetary policy 10:424 planning, development 12:120 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:108 simulation: economic processes 14:269 survey analysis: applications in economics 15:433 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:81 Prediction intervals estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:156 Predictive decomposition time series 16:73, 79 Predictive testing time series: cycles 16:76 Predictive validity achievement testing 1:39 aptitude testing 1:373
Preface to Morals, A (Lippmann) 9:393 Preface to Politics, A (Lippmann) 9:392 Prefect system centralization and decentralization 2:374, 375 city: metropolitan government 2:464 decision making: economic aspects 4:44 local government 9:455 Preference function welfare economics 16:510 Preferential tariff international integration: economic unions 7:541, 543 tariffs and protectionism 8:114 Preferred stock 3:399 Prefrontal lobotomy 11:146 Prehistoric art Breuil, Henri 2:152 food-producing revolution 4:248 see also Primitive art Prehistoric man archeology 1:379 evolution, human 5:216 hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:9, 15 physical anthropology 12:89 Weidenreich, Franz 16:503 Prehistory: see Archeology; Culture history; Domestication; Hunting and gathering; Urban revolution PREJUDICE 12:439-451 THE CONCEPT 12:439-448 SOCIAL DISCRIMINATION 12:448-451 aggression: psychological aspects 1:171 anti-Semitism 1:348 attitude change 1:464 caste 2:333 discrimination, economic 4:208 individual psychology 7:217 judicial process 8:289 minorities 10:366 observation, participant 11:239 observation, social 11:233 pollution 12:338 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:278, 281 response sets 13:495
347
segregation 14:149 slavery 14:309 social psychology 14:468 South Asia 1:432 see also Discrimination, Social Premarital coitus sexual behavior: social aspects 14:205 sexual deviation: social aspects 14:218 Premium pay fringe benefits 16:426 Presbyopia visual defects 16:337 Presbyterianism canon law 2:267 religious organization 13:432 Prescott, Frederick C. literature, psychology of 9:426 PRESIDENTIAL GOVERNMENT 12:451-456 administration 1:72 Bagehot, Walter 1:502 coalitions 2:527 commissions, government 3:16 conservation: political and social aspects 3:273 government 6:223, 224 legislation 9:227 military policy 10:323 Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. 11:349 parties, political: party units 11:430 political executive 12:229 responsibility 13:499 science-government relations 14:104 sovereignty 15:78 Wilson, Woodrow 16:556 President's Committee on Administrative Management: see Brownlow Committee President's Council on Aging (U.S.) 1:197 President's Materials Policy Commission (U.S.) conservation: economic aspects 3:282 conservation: political and social aspects 3:271, 272, 273 President's Science Advisory Committee 14:104
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
348
INDEX
Press
Press communication, mass 3:52 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:56, 59 communication, political: international aspects 3:97 Press, Freedom of the: see Freedom of the press Pressey, Sidney L. programmed learning 9:182 Pressure (political) imperialism 7:107 political process 12:269 Pressure groups access to politics 1:13 Bentley, Arthur F. 2:60 communism, international 3:128 inflation and deflation 7:293 interest groups 7:486 fol. legislative behavior 9:238 parties, political: party systems 11:445 political behavior 12:207 political group analysis 12:243 political sociology 12:303 propaganda 12:581 social movements 14:439 see also Interest groups Prestige medical personnel 10:116 music and society 10:567 occupations and careers 11:247 social class, measurement of 15:318 societal analysis 14:564 stratification, social 15:290, 293 suggestion 15:373 Preventive war military policy 10:321 Prevost-Paradol, Lucien Anatole Halevy, Elie 6:308 Preyer, Wilhelm T. developmental psychology 4:137 Price, Derek J. de Solla ethical issues in the social sciences 5:165 science, sociology of 14:97, 98 scientific communication 14:114 Price, George R. parapsychology 11:397 Price, Just: see Just price Price control 12:464 agriculture 1:252
economics 4:479 monetary reform 10:454 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:117 Price discrimination antitrust legislation 1:353 competition 3:185 export subsidies and dumping 8:121 monopoly 10:463 nationalization 11:72 pricing policies 12:461 regulation of industry 13:393 transportation: economic aspects 16:136 Price effect utility 16:245, 253 Price index agriculture: productivity and technology 1:243 communism, economic organization of; agriculture 3:145 Divisia, Francois 4:242 exchange rates 8:12 Gini, Corrado 6:189 index numbers: practical applications 7:159, 160 fol. index numbers: sampling 7:166 index numbers: theoretical aspects 7:154, 155 inflation and deflation 7:289 international trade: terms of trade 8:105 Price leadership oligopoly 11:285, 288 Price level balance of payments 8:8 banking, central 2:3 commodity agreements, international 3:18 exchange rates 8:12 income and employment theory 7:129 inflation and deflation 7:289 interest 7:482 Keynes, John Maynard 8:371 labor unions: influence on wages 8:543 liquidity preference 9:395, 400, 404, 405, 407 money: quantity theory 10:433, 435, 442, 444
price history 12:471 securities markets 14:142 Price maintenance, Resale: see Resale price maintenance Price stabilization agriculture: marketing 1:247, 248 agriculture: price and income policies 1:250 cartels and trade associations 2:322 commodity agreements, international 3:18 employment and unemployment 5:57, 58 Price theory Auspitz, Rudolf, and Lieben, Richard 1:470 Benini, Rodolfo 2:53 Cantillon, Richard 2:269, 270 Cassel, Karl Gustav 2:330 causation 2:350 Davenport, Herbert J. 4:16 demand and supply 4:96 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:106 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:433, 434 Fisher, Irving 5:480 Locke, John 9:468 Mangoldt, Hans Karl Emil von 9:556 Marshall, Alfred 10:28 Mitchell, Wesley C. 10:374 Thornton, Henry 16:16 West, Edward 16:527 PRICES 12:457-477 PRICING POLICIES 12:457-464 PRICE CONTROL AND RATIONING 12:464-471 PRICE HISTORY 12:471-477
advertising: economic aspects 1:108 Aftalion, Albert 1:155, 156 agriculture: developing countries 1:260 agriculture: history 1:216,218, 220 business cycles 2:238 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:142 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:155
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"l |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers. J
Primitive religion
INDEX competition 3:182, 185 consumption function 3:361 consumption levels and standards 3:336 cost 3:405 cross-section analysis 3:524 distributed lags 4:214 econometric models, aggregate 4:348 economic data 4:368 economic data: mainland China 4:374 economic equilibrium 4:381, 385, 387 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:417 elasticity 4:543, 544 exchange rates 8:13 export subsidies and dumping 8:121, 122 external economies and diseconomies 5:269, 273 income distribution: functional share 7:140 input-output analysis 7:349 investment function, aggregate 8:188 Lange, Oskar 8:582 money: quantity theory 10:433, 444 national income and product accounts 11:26 national wealth: estimation 11:52 oligopoly 11:286, 288 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:114, 115, 117 productivity 12:535 rent 13:461 resale price maintenance 13:479 securities markets 14:137, 142 stock-flow analysis 15:276 subsidies 15:365 trade and markets 16:118 welfare economics 16:507 Whewell, William 16:531 see also Cost; Pricing policies; Rationing; and headings beginning Price— Prices, Administered: see Administered prices Prichard, J. C. psychopathic personality 13:113
Pricing policies 12:457 agriculture: marketing 1:247 agriculture: price and income policies 1:250 business management 2:253 capital, social overhead 2:289 Launhardt, Wilhelm 9:49 nationalization 11:72 oligopoly 11:283 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:114 resale price maintenance 13:479 taxation 15:526 transportation: economic aspects 16:136, 138 welfare economics 16:508 Priests religious specialists: anthropological study 13:438, 439 urban revolution 16:204 see also Clergy Primacy effect social psychology 14:469 Primary colors color vision and color blindness 16:333 Primary elections Key, V. O., Jr. 8:367 nonpartisanship 11:201 parties, political: party units 11:433 Primary goods international trade: patterns of trade 8:108 Primary groups communication, mass 3:50 Cooley, Charles H. 3:380 cross pressure 3:520, 521 ideology 7:70, 71, 72 mass society 10:62 social control 14:385, 386 societies, small 14:572 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:373 voting 16:393 welfare state 16:512 see also Gemeinschaft Primary process Freud, Sigmund 6:3 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:6 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:15
349
Primary reinforcement 9:138 Primary schools educational organization 4:528 Primate behavior evolution, human 5:219, 220 social behavior, animal 14:347 social behavior, primate 14:351 Primates ethology 5:188 evolution, human 5:217 evolution, primate 5:210 Prime numbers 10:70 PRIMITIVE ART 12:477-480 aesthetics 1:118 Breuil, Henri 2:152 Oceanian society 11:259, 260 style 15:356 sub-Saharan Africa 1:143, 144, 146, 151 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:211, 213 Primitive City of Timbuctoo, The (Miner) 3:178
Primitive Culture (Tylor) 16:171, 173 anthropology 1:310 modern society, anthropological study of 1:331 Primitive law 9:73, 60, 64 community-society continua 3:175 judicial behavior 8:309 Pound, Roscoe 12:397 sanctions 14:2 Primitive mentality: see Mentality, Primitive Primitive religion analytical psychology 1:279 anthropology, social 1:322 Codrington, R. H. 2:535 Cooper, John M. 3:384 Durkheim, Emile 4:317 hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:25 Indians, North American 7:190, 194, 195 magic 9:521 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:545 Marett, Robert Ranulph 9:566 myth and symbol 10:578 Oceanian society 11:259 pollution 12:336 religion: anthropological study 13:398
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS i |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
350
INDEX
Primitive society
religious specialists: anthropological study 13:438 ritual 13:523 Schmidt, Wilhelm 14:57 Smith, William Robertson 14:330, 331 societies, small 14:574 sub-Saharan Africa 1:142 theology, primitive 15:605 time: social organization 16:34, 37 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:174 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:210, 211 Vico, Giovanni Battista 16:314 Wallis, Wilson D. 16:446 Westermarck, Edward 16:530 world view 16:578 see also Shamanism; Theology, Primitive Primitive society capital punishment 2:290 Caribbean society 2:307 death and bereavement 4:20 drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:268 ecology 4:339 economic anthropology 4:360 ethnomedicine 10:88 evolution, cultural 5:222 exchange and display 5:239, 242, 244 humor 7:6 hunting and gathering: New World 7:15 hunting and gathering: Old World 7:9 incest 7:117 legal system 9:60 leisure 9:248 Levy-Bruhl, Lucien 9:264 magic 9:524 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:531 millenarism 10:355, 356 monarchy 10:412 music and society 10:567 obesity 11:228 Oppenheimer, Franz 11:295 pollution 12:336 primitive art 12:477 property 12:590 punishment 13:219 Radin, Paul 13:301, 302
religion: anthropological study 13:403 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:438fol., 441 Roheim, Geza 13:544, 545 sanctions 14:2 social behavior, animal: the regulation of animal populations 14:365 sociological thought 15:31 technology and international relations 15:597 theology, primitive 15:606 time: social organization 16:31, 34, 36 Vico, Giovanni Battista 16:314 Waitz, Theodor 16:433 war 16:468 welfare state 16:512 Westermarck, Edward 16:530 see also Stateless society; Tribal society Primitive Society (Lowie) 9:481 Primitive theology: see Theology, Primitive Primitive warfare war: the study of war 16:455, 468 Primo de Rivera, Jose Antonio falangism 5:288 Primrose League political clubs 12:217 Prince, Samuel H. disasters 4:202 Prince, The (Machiavelli) 9:509 Calvin, John 2:259 Principal components factor analysis: psychological applications 5:281 factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:279 geography, statistical 6:148 multivariate analysis 10:536 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:544 Principality feudalism 5:397 Principes de droit public (Hauriou) 6:327 Principia Mathematica (Whitehead and Russell) 12:391 problem solving 12:508 Principii di demografia (Benini) 2:52 Principles of Behavior (Hull) 6:536
Principles of Biology (Spencer) 5:207 Principles of Economics (Marshall) 10:25
consumer's surplus 3:355 entrepreneurship 5:89 firm, theory of the 5:458 Principles of Gestalt Psychology (Koffka) 8:436 Principles of Moral and Political Science (Ferguson) 5:370 Principles of Political Economy (Carey) 2:305 Principles of Political Economy (Mill) 10:344 fol. Principles of Political Economy (Newcomb) 11:173 Principles of Psychology, The (James) 8:229 Principles of Public Administration (Willoughby) 13:147 Principles of Science, The (Jevons) 8:259 Principles of Sociology, The (Spencer) 15:122 fol. Prinsep, James historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:424 Printed Advertising Rating Methods Study 1:113 Printing press communication, mass: audiences 3:71 Prior distribution Bayesian inference 2:29, 30 Prior distribution, Diffuse: see Diffuse prior distribution Prior probabilities (a priori probabilities) Bayes, Thomas 2:27 Bayesian inference 2:30 decision theory 4:65 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:24 multivariate analysis: classification and discrimination 10:554, 556, 558 probability, formal 12:489, 490 Prisoners brainwashing 2:138, 139 penology 11:516 Prisoners of war brainwashing 2:139
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 j_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers.J
Probability sampling
INDEX internment and custody 8:140 war 16:470 Prisons 11:516 homosexuality 14:228 sexual deviation: social aspects 14:219 social control 14:392 social control: organizational aspects 14:398 social research 15:42 state trading 8:139 see also Correctional institutions Pritchett, C. Herman judicial behavior 8:309 judicial values 8:318 public law 13:179 PRIVACY 12:480-487 ethical issues in the social sciences 5:162 government statistics 6:239 Private enterprise: see Capitalism Private international law: see Conflict of laws Private law administrative law 1:80, 81 comparative public law 13:183 Private property adoption 1:98 Aquinas, Thomas 1:375 Aristotle 1:410 Burke, Edmund 2:223 capitalism 2:297 death and gift taxes 15:556, 559 income distribution: functional share 7:138, 139, 140 Le Play, Frederic 9:86 local finance 9:448 Locke, John 9:467 Mill, John Stuart 10:344 Morgan, Lewis Henry 10:497 pastoralism 11:456 privacy 12:481 property 12:591 property taxes 15:545 public interest 13:172 Quesnay, Francois 13:245 Rodbertus, Johann Karl 13:539 slavery 14:307 socialist economic thought 4:446, 447 see also Property Privateering Caribbean society 2:308
Proactive inhibition forgetting 5:539 learning theory 9:195 skill, acquisition of 9:175 transfer learning 9:172 verbal learning 9:166, 167 Probabilism environmentalism 5:95 Probabilistic functionalism Brunswik, Egon 2:157 Probabilistic information processing decision making: psychological aspects 4:40 Probabilistic theories causation 2:352 firm, theory of the 5:457 perceptual development 11:539 Probabilities, Logical fallacies, statistical 5:294 PROBABILITY 12:487-505 FORMAL PROBABILITY 12:487-496 INTERPRETATIONS 12:496-505
Bayes, Thomas 2:26 Bernoulli family 2:66, 67 Bortkiewic/, Ladislaus von 2:129 Cournot, Antoine Augustin 3:428 decision making: economic aspects 4:45, 48, 52 decision making: psychological aspects 4:34, 38, 39 distributions, mixtures of 4:235 distributions, special discrete 4:217 economic expectations 4:392 fallacies, statistical 5:294 fiducial inference 5:403 gambling 6:54 Gauss, Carl Friedrich 6:76 Cosset, William Sealy 6:211 hypothesis testing 7:41 information theory 7:331 Keynes, John Maynard 8:373, 375, 376 Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:23 fol. Markov chains 9:582, 583 models, mathematical 10:379, 380, 384 Moivre, Abraham de 10:410 Pearson, Karl 11:499 Poisson, Simeon Denis 12:169 positivism 12:392 prediction 12:422 random numbers 13:307
351
reasoning and logic 13:346 scientific explanation 14:121 significance, tests of 14:239 statistical method, history of 15:226, 231 statistics 15:207, 217 statistics as legal evidence 15:246 von Mises, Richard 16:383 Probability, Fiducial: see Fiducial probability Probability, Objective 12:499, 501 fallacies, statistical 5:293 Probability, Posterior: see Posterior probability Probability, Prior: see Prior probability Probability, Subjective 12:499, 500, 502 Bayesian inference 2:28, 32 decision making: psychological aspects 4:38 decision theory 4:65 economic expectations 4:393 fallacies, statistical 5:294 Probability density function distributions, special continuous 4:223, 224
multivariate analysis 10:528, 530 Probability distributions distributions, mixtures of 4:235 distributions, special continuous 4:223 distributions, special discrete 4:217 statistical method, history of 15:225 Probability integral transformation fiducial inference 5:404 goodness of fit 6:202 Probability mixture distributions, mixtures of 4:240 Probability models hypothesis testing 7:40 scaling 14:34, 35 skill, acquisition of 9:176 statistics 15:209 Probability plotting distributions, approximations to 4:232 goodness of fit 6:199, 205 Probability sampling goodness of fit 6:201 index numbers: sampling 7:168
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX sample surveys 13:595 statistics 15:214 survey analysis: applications in economics 15:430, 431 tabular presentation 15:499 Probable error Pearson, Karl 11:500 statistics, descriptive 15:239 Probation 11:518 Probation officer 11:521 Probit transformation statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:189 Pr obits statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:195 Problem of Anxiety, The (Freud) 12:83 PROBLEM SOLVING 12:505^511 aging: psychological aspects 1:181 creativity: psychological aspects 3:437
crisis 3:512 decision making: political aspects 4:55 developmental psychology 4:140 gestalt theory 6:164 group behavior 6:268 group performance 6:289 Kohler, Wolfgang 8:440 language, psychology of 9:5, 6 learning theory 9:196 reasoning and logic 13:347, 348 simulation: individual behavior 14:263, 266 technology 15:583 thinking 15:610, 612 Wertheimer, Max 16:523, 526 Probleme de I'incroyance au XVIe siecle, Le (Febvre) 5:349 Procedural justice: see Due process Procedure (legal) judicial administration 8:298, 301 Procedure, Rules of adjudication 1:48 Process, Political: see Political process Process analysis content analysis 3:372 Process control autom ation 1:481
quality control, statistical: process control 13:230 statistics 15:222 Process of Government, The (Bentley) 2:58, 59, 60 pluralism 12:168 political group analysis 12:243 Process studies psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:40 Processes, Social anthropology, social 1:321 communication 3:24 cooperation 3:384 culture change 3:555 Giddings, Franklin H. 6:176, 177 homeostasis 6:502 humor 7:5 interaction, social 7:439 political process 12:267 prediction 12:418 psychiatry, social 12:627 Ross, Edward A. 13:561 Small, Albion W. 14:321 sociological thought 15:32 Procreation sexual behavior: social aspects 14:201 Procuracy socialist legal systems—Soviet law 9:219 Producers film (cinema) 5:427 Producer's surplus 3:356 Product differentiation monopoly 10:459, 461, 462 Product-moment correlation coefficient: see Pearson productmoment correlation coefficient PRODUCTION 12:511-519 agriculture: developing countries 1:257 agriculture: marketing 1:247 agriculture: price and income policies 1:254 agriculture: productivity and technology 1:245, 246 Aristotle 1:410 Auspitz, Rudolf 1:470 automation 1:480 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:121 business cycles 2:240 business management 2:254
capital 2:271, 274 communism, economic organization of 3:136, 137 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:144, 145 consumer research 9:571 cost 3:410 creativity: psychological aspects 3:434 demand and supply 4:100, 103 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:106 economic anthropology 4:361 economic data: the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe 4:371 economic equilibrium 4:377, 381 economic growth 4:396, 409, 412 economics 4:476 economies of scale 4:491 external economies and diseconomies 5:268 fascism 5:338 industrialization: economic aspects 7:252 input-output analysis 7:345 installment credit 7:360 internal trade 7:493 international trade: mathematical theory 8:96, 98 investment function, aggregate 8:185 land 8:552, 559 Lieben, Richard 1:470 Marshall, Alfred 10:29 Marx, Karl 10:36 Marxism 10:41 mercantilism 4:437 mergers 10:252 military power potential 10:328, 329 Mill, John Stuart 10:345 national income and product accounts 11:20, 21, 22, 26 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:405 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:114 plantation 12:159 population theories 12:352 production and cost analysis 12:519 programming 12:558 Quesnay, Francois 13:246 social class 15:298
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-" locate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Profit
socialist economic thought 4:449 sub-Saharan Africa 1:139 systems analysis, social 15:464, 466 technology 15:577 see also Output PRODUCTION AND COST ANALYSIS 12:519-523 agriculture: productivity and technology 1:241 cost 3:411 economies of scale 4:491 production 12:517 Production-credit associations agriculture: capital 1:230 credit, agricultural 3:469 Production function aggregation 1:164 econometric models, aggregate 4:348 investment function, aggregate 8:187 land: economic aspects 8:553 production 12:512 production and cost analysis 12:519 productivity 12:525, 530, 532 technology 15:578 PRODUCTIVITY 12:523-536 aging: psychological aspects 1:183 agricultural tenancy 8:568 agriculture 1:251 agriculture: developing countries 1:258, 259 agriculture: productivity and technology 1:241 automation 1:482, 487 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:123 business cycles 2:237 capital 2:275 capital, human 2:278, 280, 281, 285 capitalism 2:301 city: comparative urban structure 2:470
communism, economic organization of 3:138 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:144 ecology 4:332, 341 economic growth 4:398, 413 economics 4:476
economy and society 4:502 Fisher, Irving 5:479 group performance 6:289, 290, 291 human relations in industry 7:241 income distribution: functional share 7:143 income distribution: size 7:145 industrial and business psychology 7:227 industrialization: economic aspects 7:252, 257, 262 innovation 7:341, 343 internal trade 7:494, 496 international trade 8:87 international trade: terms of trade 8:106 labor force: hours of work 8:490 labor force: participation 8:476, 477 land: classification 8;557 land reform 8:575 national income and product accounts 11:26 physiocrats 4:444 planning, development 12:121 scientists 14:109 sociology of work 7:232, 233 wages 16:414 welfare state 16:516 workers 16:564, 569 see also Output Productivity, Marginal: see Marginal productivity Professional associations engineering 5:76 government statistics 6:235 legal profession 9:70 scientists 14:110 social work 14:503 sociology 15:18 Professional-client relationships architecture 1:393 medical care: social aspects 10:95 scientists 14:110 social work 14:501 Professionalism civil-military relations 2:493 communication, mass 3:43 medical personnel 10:117 PROFESSIONS 12:536-547 architecture 1:393 bureaucracy 2:215 civil service 2:496
353
conferences 3:218 economists 4:484 engineering 5:69 fine arts: recruitment and socialization of artists 5:448 government statistics 6:236 Japanese society 10:403 journalism 8:265 judicial recruitment 8:323 jurisprudence 8:335 labor force: markets and mobility 8:484 legal profession 9:66 licensing, occupational 9:283 medical care: social aspects 10:95 medical personnel 10:105, 118 mental health 10:218 military 10:305, 307 music and society 10:567 philanthropy 12:79 police 12:177, 179 policy sciences 12:188 political recruitment and careers 12:276 psychology, applied 13:94 public relations 13:211 religious specialists: sociological study 13:446 science, sociology of 14:96 scientists 14:107 social work 14:495 sub-Saharan African society 10:406 teaching 15:564 universities 16:193 vocational rehabilitation 16:351 see also Occupations and careers PROFIT 12:547-552 business cycles 2:238 colonialism: economic aspects 3:9 communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:148 corporation 3:402 cost 3:406 economic equilibrium 4:382 economics 4:478 entrepreneurship 5:88, 89 external economies and diseconomies 5:273 international trade: mathematical theory 8:103
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
354
Profit maximization
investment function, aggregate 8:187 Knight, Frank H. 8:424 Mangoldt, Hans Karl Emil von 9:556 Mencius 2:399 monopoly 10:458, 460 oligopoly 11:285, 286 organizational goals 11:307 production 12:511 rent 13:455 speculation, hedging, and arbitrage 15:117 Thiinen, Johann Heinrich von 16:17 Profit maximization firm, theory of the 5:455, 457, 458 monopoly 10:458, 460 oligopoly 11:283 production 12:511 Profit sharing 16:416 Prognose der Dementia Praecox, Die (Bleuler) 2:85 Program budgeting 2:188 economics of defense 4:487 Programmed learning 9:182 educational psychology 4:538 instrumental learning 9:133 PROGRAMMING (mathematical) 12:552-561 econometrics 4:357 game theory: theoretical aspects 6:65 technology 15:579 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:84 Programming, Computer Babbage, Charles 1:491 computation 3:192, 193, 195 information storage and retrieval 7:302 workers 16:565 Programming, Linear: see Linear programming Progress evolution 5:205 evolution, cultural 5:222 Kant, Immanuel 8:350 social change 14:371, 372 Vico, Giovanni Battista 16:315 Progress and Poverty (George) 6:153 land reform 8:571
INDEX Progressive education Dewey, John 4:157 educational psychology 4:535 Progressive income taxes 15:524, 529 welfare state 16:515 Progressive Matrices test intelligence and intelligence testing 7:424 Progressivism Bryce, James 2:160 Dewey, John 4:158 Ross, Edward A. 13:560, 561 Project Camelot (U.S.) ethical issues in the social sciences 5:163 Project for a Scientific Psychology (Freud) 13:12fol. Projection (charts) graphic presentation 6:248 Projection (psychological) defense mechanisms 4:69 identification, political 7:58 Klein, Melanie 8:417 paranoid reactions 11:382 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:9 religion: psychological study 13:419 stress 15:345 sympathy and empathy 15:446 Projections, Map: see Map projections PROJECTIVE METHODS 12:561-579 PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUES
12:561-
568 THE RORSCHACH TEST 12:568-573 THE THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST
12:573-579 achievement motivation 1:29 body image 2:115 conflict: psychological aspects 3:224 consumer research 9:572 defense mechanisms 4:70 dreams 4:262 fantasy 5:328 personality measurement 12:34 role: psychological aspects 13:550 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:207 see also Rorschach test; Thematic Apperception Test
Prolegomena (Ibn Khaldun) historiography, African 6:397 Proletariat communism, Soviet 3:103, 104 Marx, Karl 10:36 Marxism 10:41 socialism 14:517 socialist economic thought 4:451 see also Lower class; Working class Proneness model distributions, mixtures of 4:239 PROPAGANDA 12:579-589 brainwashing 2:138 communication, mass 3:45 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:55 communication, political 3:91, 94 communication, political: international aspects 3:99 content analysis 3:371 folklore 5:499 imperialism 7:102 guerrilla warfare 7:505 Kris, Ernst 8:453 perceptual deprivation 11:554 persuasion 12:58, 59 planning, social 12:128 political opinion 13:200 political process 12:269 psychological warfare 13:46 fol. public opinion 13:193, 194 public relations 13:214 representation 13:463 rumor 13:579 social psychology 14:468, 469, 470 statistics 15:209 war 16:459 Propensity to consume consumption function 3:359, 363, 366 Keynes, John Maynard 8:369 Propensity to invest Keynes, John Maynard 8:369 Propensity to save economic growth 4:411 Keynes, John Maynard 8:370 PROPERTY 12:589-592 Benini, Rodolfo 2:54 Harrington, James 6:323 Mercier de la Riviere 10:248 religious organization 13:433 socialist economic thought 4:448
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 j_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Province of Jurisprudence Determined, The
systems analysis, social 15:465 see also Private property Property income income distribution: functional share 7:132, 134 interest 7:472 Property rights aging: social aspects 1:186 Dupuit, Jules 4:309 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:322 cost 3:412 Knapp, Georg Friedrich 8:421 natural law 11:84 patents 11:465 segregation 14:148 Smith, William Robertson 14:334 socialist economic thought 4:452 Property space interaction process analysis 7:467 reason analysis 13:341 Property taxes 15:526, 545 corporation income taxes 15:539 local finance 9:447, 448 pricing policies 12:463 Prophets religious specialists: anthropological study 13:438, 439, 440 Prophets of Deceit (Guterman and Lowenthal) 3:46 Proportional representation electoral systems 5:12, 13, 15 parties, political: party systems 11:447 political executive 12:229 Proportional sampling significance, tests of 14:242 Proportions (statistics) counted data 3:419 linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:347 significance, tests of 14:242 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:186 Proprietary class Quesnay, Francois 13:245 Proprioception avoidance learning 9:153 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:302 Proprium personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:4
Prosimians evolution, human 5:217, 218 evolution, primate 5:211 social behavior, primate 14:353, 354 Prosperity Juglar, Clement 8:325 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:532 tariffs and protectionism 8:115 Prosser, William L. privacy 12:485 PROSTITUTION 12:592-598 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:206 sexual deviation: social aspects 14:218 social research 15:46 Protectionism 8:113 Barone, Enrico 2:16 Bastiat, Frederic 2:25 Benini, Rodolfo 2:54 Carey, Henry C. 2:305 colonialism: economic aspects 3:9, 10 international trade 8:86, 90 List, Friedrich 9:410 Protein food: world problems 5: 505 mental disorders: biological aspects 10:145 Protest movements social movements 14:439 Protestant ethic Anglo-American society 1:291, 293 conservation: political and social aspects 3:277 gambling 6:58 mental health 10:219 modernization: the bourgeoisie 10:405 science, sociology of 14:95 scientists 14:109 social institutions: comparative study 14:422 sociological thought 15:31 Tawney, R. H. 15:519 Weber, Max 16:496, 500 Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, The (Weber) 16:496, 500 ethical systems and social structures 5:158
355
PROTESTANT POLITICAL THOUGHT 12:598-604 Protestantism analytical psychology 1:279 anti-Semitism 1:347 assimilation 1:442 Calvin, John 2:258 canon law 2:266 censorship 2 • 357 Christianity 2:431, 436, 443, 445 government 6:222 liberalism 9:277 Luther, Martin 9:494 population composition 12:369 Protestant political thought 12:598 psychiatry: the religio-psychiatric movement 12:635 religion: psychological study 13:415 religious observance 13:423, 424, 427 religious organization 13:434, 435 religious specialists: sociological study 13:444, 447 sects and cults 14:134 Troeltsch, Ernst 16:152 Prothro, Edwin T. socialization: anthropological aspects 14:548 Prothro, James W. consensus 3:268 rules of the game 13:572 Protocoalitions coalitions 2:528 Protocols simulation: individual behavior 14:264 Protopathic sensibility skin senses and kinesthesis 14:302 Prototaxis Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:401 PROUDHON, PIERRE JOSEPH 12:604-607 alienation 1:266 anarchism 1:283 Bastiat, Frederic 2:25 socialist economic thought 4:447 state 15:153 syndicalism 15:447 Proverbs folklore 5:497 Province of Jurisprudence Determined, The (Austin) 1:471
J CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers. J
356
INDEX
Provisional dictatorship
Provisional dictatorship (kommissarische ( Diktatur) dictatorship 4:162 Proximity theorem statistical identifiability 15:204 Prussia bureaucracy 2:210 civil-military relations 2:489 civil service 2:497 electoral systems 5:8 Hintze, Otto 6:367 intelligence, political and military 7:416 Knapp, Georg Friedrich 8:421 Pseudo-community mass society 10:61 Pseudo-kinship 8:408 friendship 6:13 Pseudo values errors, nonsampling 5:125 Psi parapsychology 11:386, 397 Psi-stability coalitions 2:526, 527, 528 Psychasthenia phobias 12:82 Psyche analytical psychology 1:279 Frazer, James George 5:551 Homey, Karen 6:514 Jung, Carl Gustav 8:328 PSYCHIATRY 12:607-638 THE FIELD 12:607-613 CHILD PSYCHIATRY 12:613-622 SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY 12:622-629 FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY 12:629-632 THE RELIGIO-PSYCHIATRIC MOVEMENT 12:632-638
see also Child psychiatry; Forensic psychiatry; Psychoanalysis; Psychotherapy; Social psychiatry for classified list of articles on PSYCHIATRY see volume 17 page 99 Psychoactive drugs: see Psychotropic drugs PSYCHOANALYSIS 13:1-45 CLASSICAL THEORY 13:1-11 EGO PSYCHOLOGY 13:11-31 THERAPEUTIC METHODS 13:31-37 EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES 13:37-45
Abraham, Karl 1:1 adolescence 1:88 affection 1:122 anxiety 1:358 attitude change 1:459, 464 attitudes 1:449 character disorders 2:379 conflict: psychological aspects 3:220 culture and personality 3:559 developmental psychology 4:137 dreams 4:261 educational psychology 4:535 fantasy 5:328 Ferenczi, Sandor 5:367 Frenkel-Brunswik, Else 5:560 Freud, Sigmund 6:1 homosexuality 14:223, 225 Horney, Karen 6:513 humor 7:3 hysteria 7:49, 50 instinct 7:366 interviewing: personality appraisal 8:166 Janet, Pierre 8:235 Jones, Ernest 8:263 Klein, Melanie 8:415 Kris, Ernst 8:452, 453 life cycle 9:286 literature, psychology of 9:427 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:545 mental disorders: experimental study 10:165 Meyer, Adolf 10:264 modern society, anthropological study of 1:336 paranoid reactions 11:383 perception, unconscious 11:576 personality 11:593, 603 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:2 personality, political 12:16 phobias 12:82 prejudice 12:441 propaganda 12:584 psychiatry 12:609, 617 psychology, existential 13:81 psychosis 13:128 psychosomatic illness 13:140 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:279 Rank, Otto 13:314 Rapaport, David 13:325
religion: psychological study 13:418 rumor 13:578 schizophrenia 14:43, 46 sexual deviation: social aspects 14:218 social psychology 14:460 socialization: anthropological aspects 14:545 socialization: psychological aspects 14:535, 540 suicide: psychological aspects (2) 15:391 thinking 15:609 Psychoanalysis and Personality Research (Frenkel-Brunswik) 5:560 Psychoanalytic therapy analytical psychology 1:281 interviewing, therapeutic 8:172 mental disorders, treatment of: psychological treatment 10:175 personality 11:598 psychiatry 12:611 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:16 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:40 psychoanalysis: therapeutic methods 13:31 Reich, Wilhelm 13:396 Psychobiology 13:61 Psychodynamics depressive disorders 4:125 psychiatry 12:610 Psychogenetics genetics and behavior 6:96 individual differences 7:200 Psychogenics myth and symbol 10:579 Psychokinesis parapsychology 11:387, 392 Psycholinguistics language, psychology of 9:2 linguistics 9:357 verbal learning 9:162 Psychological Abstracts information services 7:307, 308, 309
Psychological anthropology 1:317 Roheim, Geza 13:543 Waitz, Theodor 16:432 see also Culture and personality
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX Psychological autopsy suicide: psychological aspects (1) 15:388 Psychological Clinic (periodical)
2:514 Psychological ecology Lewin, Kurt 9:268 Psychological systems systems analysis, social 15:469 systems analysis, psychological 15:486 Tolman, Edward C. 16:96 Psychological testing: see Testing, Psychological PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE 13:46-49 brainwashing 2:138 communication, political 3:91, 94 guerrilla warfare 7:506 international politics 8:57 public opinion 13:195 Psychologism phenomenology 12:68 PSYCHOLOGY 13:49-95 COMPARATIVE PSYCHOLOGY
13:49-
60 PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY 13:60-
66 CONSTITUTIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
13:66-76 EXISTENTIAL PSYCHOLOGY 13: 76-84 APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY 13:84-95
see also Applied psychology; Comparative psychology; Constitutional psychology; Existential psychology; Physiological psychology for classified list of articles on PSYCHOLOGY see volume 17 page 100 — : Psychological aspects of— aggression 1:168 aging 1:176 communication, animal: social and psychological analysis 3:29 conflict 3:220 creativity 3:435, 442 crime, causes of 3:473 death and bereavement 4:24 decision making 4:34 delinquency 4:80, 81, 86 drinking and alcoholism 4:264
drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:294 fashion 5:342 folklore 5:499 gambling 6:53 genius and ability 3:458 international relations 8:75 internment and custody 8:146 language 9:1 leadership 9:91 literature 9:425 obesity 11:230 pain 11:360 political efficacy 12:226 political participation 12:257 punishment 13:217 race relations 13:269 radiation 13:290 reasoning and logic 13:348 religion 13:400 religious observance 13:426 role 13:546 sexual deviation 14:209 smoking 14:337 social movements 14:448 socialization 14:535 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:86 stress 15:338 suicide 15:385, 390 time 16:25 war 16:464, 468 Psychology, Abnormal: see Abnormal psychology Psychology, Analytical: see Analytical psychology Psychology, Business: see Business psychology Psychology, Clinical: see Clinical psychology Psychology, Constitutional: see Constitutional psychology Psychology, Consumer: see Consumer psychology Psychology, Counseling: see Counseling psychology Psychology, Developmental: see Developmental psychology Psychology, Differential: see Differential psychology Psychology, Educational: see Educational psychology
Psychology, Engineering: see Engineering psychology Psychology, Experimental: see Experimental psychology Psychology, Faculty: see Faculty psychology Psychology, Individual: see Individual psychology Psychology, Industrial: see Industrial psychology Psychology, Military: see Military psychology Psychology, Social: see Social psychology Psychology and Primitive Culture
(Bartlett) 2:20 Psychology of language: see Language, Psychology of Psychology of literature: see Literature, Psychology of Psychometric Society (U.S.) Thurstone, L. L. 16:22 PSYCHOMETRICS 13:95-112 aptitude testing 1:372 attitude change 1:462 Binet, Alfred 2:76 homicide 3:492 judicial behavior 8:311 Kelley, Truman L. 8:358 mental retardation 10:228 scaling 14:28 vocational interest testing 16:347 Psychomotor speed: see Speed, Psychomotor Psychoneurosis: see Neurosis PSYCHOPATHIC PERSONALITY 13:113-120 character disorders 2:379, 381 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:88 systems analysis, psychological 15:491 Psychopathology clinical psychology 2:513 deviant behavior 4:148 drinking and alcoholism: psychological aspects 4:266 hysteria 6:48 Horney, Karen 6:513 learning 9:125 life cycle 9:288 nativism and revivalism 11:78 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:484
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"j I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
358
INDEX
Psychopharmacology
personality development 11:607 prostitution 12:596 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:2 psychology, existential 13:81 systems analysis, psychological 15:490 Psychopharmacology 4:286 Kraepelin, Emil 8:450 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:197 psychiatry 12:612 psychosis 13:133 PSYCHOPHYSICS 13:120-126 color vision and color blindness 16:333 Fechner, Gustav Theodor 5:350 hearing 6:337 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:345 models, mathematical 10:385 Miiller, Georg Elias 10:524 psychometrics 13:98 quantal response 13:237 scaling 14:28 senses 14:174 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:306 Thurstone, L. L. 16:23 Psychophysiology: see Physiological psychology Psychosexual development adolescence 1:87 body image 2:114 motivation, human 10:515 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:9 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:209, 210 PSYCHOSIS 13:126-135 character disorders 2:382 defense mechanisms 4:69 depressive disorders 4:122, 123 mental disorders, childhood 10:160 mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:129 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:200, 206 neurosis 11:162 paranoid reactions 11:381 psychiatry 12:612 psychiatry, child 12:614 psychiatry, forensic 12:630 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:17
schizophrenia 14:48 Seligman, C. G. 14:162 Psychosocial identity: see Identity, Psychosocial PSYCHOSOMATIC ILLNESS 13:135144 emotion 5:39 psychiatry 12:611 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:42 psychology, constitutional 13:74 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:441 Pyschosurgery 10:204 Psychotherapy Angyal, Andras 1:304 behavior therapy 10:189 client-centered counseling 10:178 conflict: psychological aspects 3:225 content analysis 3:372 emotion 5:40 Ferenczi, Sandor 5:369 Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:300 Horney, Karen 6:515 individual psychology 7:216 interaction and personality 7:458, 464 interviewing, therapeutic 8:171 Janet, Pierre 8:235 mental disorders, childhood 10:159 mental disorders, treatment of: psychological treatment 10:172 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:244 paranoid reactions 11:385 penology 11:516 personality 11:598 prejudice 12:446 psychology, applied 13:93 psychology, existential 13:81, 82 psychosis 13:133 reading disabilities 13:336 Rorschach test 12:570 schizophrenia 14:48, 49 social control 14:384 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:403 Psychotherapy, Client-centered: see Client-centered counseling Psychotherapy, Existential: see Existential psychotherapy Psychotherapy, Group: see Group psychotherapy
Psychotomimetics: see Hallucinogens Psychotropic drugs mental disorders: biological aspects 10:146 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:198 paranoid reactions 11:385 psychosis 13:132, 134 schizophrenia 14:48 Ptolemaic system historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:392 Ptolemy mathematics 10:65 Puberty adolescence 1:86, 87 affection 1:123 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:212 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 13:145156 administration 1:62 Beard, Charles A. 2:34 bureaucracy 2:206 civil service 2:496 Coker, Francis W. 2:552 decision making: political aspects 4:56 Goodnow, Frank J. 6:207 nationalization 11:72 office, misuse of 11:272 planning, development 12:123 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:107 political behavior 12:206 political theory 12:316 presidential government 12:452 fol. price control and rationing 12:469 Wilson, Woodrow 16:557 see also Administration Public assistance economics 4:479 poverty 12:401 welfare state 16:512 Public debt: see Debt, Public Public defenders judicial administration 8:300 Public enterprise: see Public ownership PUBLIC EXPENDITURES 13:156164 budgeting, government 2:184
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[^cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Public policy
INDEX communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:149 consumption levels and standards 3:337 economic data 4:367 economic growth 4:400 fiscal policy 5:460 income distribution: size 7:146 investment function, aggregate 8:193 legislatures 9:234 local finance 9:446 planning, development 12:119, 121 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:106 science-government relations 14:101 subsidies 15:363 taxation 15:526 technical assistance 15:566 see also Expenditures Public finance budgeting 2:184 communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:146 credit, agricultural 3:466 credit, government 3:461 debt, public 4:28 economics 4:484 fiscal policy 5:460 medical care: economic aspects 10:101 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:104 public expenditures 13:157 Viti de Marco, Antonio De 16:344 Wagner, Adolf 16:430 see also Debt, Public; Government budgeting; Government credit; Local finance; Public expenditures; Taxation PUBLIC HEALTH 13:164-170 applied anthropology 1:328 drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:274 epidemiology 5:99 health 6:334 population policies 12:384 science-government relations 14:103 Public Health Act (England 1848) public health 13:167
Public Health Service (U.S.) blindness 2:87 vocational rehabilitation 16:352 Public Health Service Hospital (U.S.) drug addiction 4:294, 303 PUBLIC INTEREST 13:170-175 administrative process 1:72, 73 capital, social overhead 2:287 conflict of interest 3:242, 244 legislative behavior 9:238 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:507 nonpartisanship 11:202 Pound, Roscoe 12:397 responsibility 13:498 see also National interest Public international law conflict of laws 3:246 PUBLIC LAW 13:175-188 THE FIELD 13:175-183 COMPARATIVE PUBLIC LAW 13:183188 adjudication 1:43, 45 antitrust legislation 1:350 Beccaria 2:37 Bentley, Arthur F. 2:58 Bodin, Jean 2:110, 111 conflict of interest 3:243 conflict of laws 3:246 criminal law 3:497 international law 7:547 judicial behavior 8:307 Kelsen, Hans 8:369 natural law 11:84 political behavior 12:206 political science 12:288 Willoughby, Westel Woodbury 16:555 PUBLIC OPINION 13:188-204 INTRODUCTION 13:188-197 POLITICAL OPINION 13:197-204
Allport, Floyd H. 1:272 bipartisanship 2:81 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:60 communication, mass: effects 3:85, 86 communication, political 3:93 communication, political: international aspects 3:98 Cooley, Charles H. 3:380 errors, nonsampling 5:117
359
foreign policy 5:533 information services 7:311 international relations: psychological aspects 8:79 interviewing: social research 8:150 Lippmann, Walter 9:392 mass society 10:63 Mercier de la Riviere 10:248 military policy 10:324 Mill, John Stuart 10:343 modernization: social aspects 10:393 office, misuse of 11:275 political behavior 12:204 political group analysis 12:244 political science 12:292 political sociology 12:300 prediction 12:421 public relations 13:214 representational behavior 13:475, 476 representational systems 13:472 responsibility 13:498 simulation: political processes 14:276 Tarde, Gabriel 15:511 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:91 Tbnnies, Ferdinand 16:101 Public Opinion (Lippmann) 9:392 communication, mass 3:48 political behavior 12:204 stereotypes 15:259 Public opinion game simulation: political processes 14:276 Public Opinion in Soviet Russia (Inkeles) 3:43 Public Opinion Quarterly 7:311 Public ownership capital, social overhead 2:287 communism, economic organization of 3:132, 133 land: economic aspects 8:555 nationalization 11:70 socialism 14:524 PUBLIC POLICY 13:204-208 budgeting: political aspects 2:192 cartels and trade associations 2:324 communication, mass: television and public policy 3:55 competition 3:185 conservation: economic aspects 3:280, 287
I" CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
360
INDEX
Public relations
consumer sovereignty 3:330, 332 employment and unemployment 5:57 external economies and diseconomies 5:272 financial intermediaries 5:437 fiscal policy 5:465 fiscal policy, wartime 5:471 foreign policy 5: 530 illegitimacy 7:88 installment credit 7:359 international trade 8:91, 94 investment function, aggregate 8:192 labor force measurement 8:470 labor markets and mobility 8:486 military policy 10:319 modernization: social aspects 10:393 monetary policy 10:425 money: quantity theory 10:445 national income and product accounts 11:33 national security 11:41 national socialism 11:46, 49 nationalization 11:71 parties, political 11:434 planning, development 12:120 political opinion 13:198, 203 political science 12:284, 294, 297 population policies 12:381 poverty 12:401 price control and rationing 12:468 public expenditures 13:157 public opinion 13:193 resale price maintenance 13:482 science-government relations 14:100 Smith, Adam 14:328 social movements 14:445 strikes 8:504 subsidies 15:366 transportation: economic policy 16:134 PUBLIC RELATIONS 13:208-217 Public Relations Society of America 13:212 Public services local finance 9:447, 450 public expenditures 13:157 transportation: economic aspects 16:135, 138, 139 welfare state 16:515
Public utilities capital, social overhead 2:287 nationalization 11:72 price control and rationing 12:465 pricing policies 12:459, 460 regulation of industry 13:391, 393, 394 Public Utility Holding Company Act (U.S. 1935) 14:141 Publishing literature, sociology of 9:423 Pueblo Indians 7:181, 190 Benedict, Ruth 2:49 kinship 8:397 Puerto Rico Caribbean society 2:306 paternalism 11:474 PUNISHMENT 13:217-222 avoidance learning 9:149, 151 Beccaria 2:37 capital punishment 2:290 crime, white-collar 3:483, 486 criminal law 3:495, 496, 499 imitation 7:99 internment and custody 8:139 Kautilya 8:355 Kelsen, Hans 8:362 learning 9:115 learning theory 9:193 military law 10:314 models, mathematical 10:384 moral development 10:488, 492 motivation, human 10:516 penology 11:513 political process 12:269 reinforcement 9:137, 142 social control 14:390 socialization: psychological aspects 14:540 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:12 utilitarianism 16:228 utopianism 16:272 values 16:285 Punishment, Capital: see Capital punishment Pupillary reflex visual defects 16:337 Puranas Indian political thought 7:176 Purchasing power Fisher, Irving 5:480 international trade 8:92
money: quantity theory 10:437 utility 16:243 Purchasing Power of Money, The (Fisher) 5:477 Purchasing power parity Schlesinger, Karl 14:51 Pure competition Barone, Enrico 2:17, 18 Pure Food and Drug Act (U.S. 1906) consumer sovereignty 3:333 Pure Land Buddhism 2:177, 180 Purges brainwashing 2:139 communism, Soviet 3:106 internment and custody 8:143 Purification Indian caste system 2:341 Puritanism honor 6:507 science, history of 14:79 Weber, Max 16:496 Purity Indian caste system 2:340, 342 Purposive Behavior in Animals and Men (Tolman) 16:96 Purposive behaviorism Tolman, Edward C. 16:97 PUTNAM, FREDERIC WARD 13:222-223 Fletcher, Alice Cunningham 5:493 Putting-out system (household industries) industry, small 7:272 reward systems in industry 7:248 Pye, Lucian public interest 13:174 Pygmies hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:21, 22, 23 sub-Saharan Africa 1:141 Pyke, Ronald goodness of fit 6:204 Pyramidal system nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:141
Q Q-sort method personality measurement: inventories 12:40
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Rabbinic Judaism
INDEX Quadratic mean statistics, descriptive 15:233 Qualitative analysis observation: social observation and social case studies 11:232, 234 organizations: methods of research 11:338 Qualitative data economic history 6:472 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:183 Quality change index numbers: practical applications 7:163 QUALITY CONTROL, STATISTICAL 13:225-237 ACCEPTANCE SAMPLING 13:225-
230 PROCESS CONTROL 13:230-233 RELIABILITY AND LIFE TESTING
13:233-237 consumer research 9:573 runs 11:194 sequential analysis 14:188 statistics 15:222 variances, statistical study of 16:292 Quality-performance: see Ascriptionachievement QUANTAL RESPONSE 13:237-244 statistics 15:222 Quantiles order statistics 11:184 Quantitative data economic history 6:472 Quantitative judgment models (scaling) 14:32 Quantity equation: see Equation of exchange Quantity indexes index numbers: practical applications 7:160 Quantity theory of money 10:431, 432 banking, central 2:3 Cassel, Karl Gustav 2:331 interest 7:480 Quarantine public health 13:166 Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol 4:274
Quartile dispersion coefficient statistics, descriptive 15:239 Quartiles psychometrics 13:111 statistics, descriptive 15:236 Quartimax program factor analysis: psychological applications 5:283 Quasi-experimental design 5:259 panel studies 11:375 statistics 15:216 survey analysis 15:411 Quasi-interval scales psychometrics 13:97 Quasi-ordinal scales psychometrics 13:97 Quasi-periodicity time series: advanced problems 16:62 Quasi range variances, statistical study of 16:297 Quasi-ratio scales psychometrics 13:98 Quasi rent 13:456 interest 7:474 spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:106 Quastler, Henry information theory 7:336 Quaternity analytical psychology 1:280 Quenouille, M. H. time series 16:57 Querist, The (Berkeley) 2:62, 63 QUESNAY, FRANCOIS 13:244-247 physiocratic thought 4:443, 445 population theories 12:350 Questionnaires consumer research 9:573 errors, nonsampling 5:116, 118 personality measurement 12:31, 33 reason analysis 13:340 sample surveys 13:600 social research 15:41, 47, 49, 50 sociometry 15:54 survey analysis: applications in economics 15:432 traits 16:126 QUETELET, ADOLPHE 13:247-257 Galton, Francis 6:49, 50 Gauss, Carl Friedrich 6:78 government statistics 6:236
361
Pearson, Karl 11:499, 500 social research 15:48 sociology 15:7 statistics 15:219 statistics, descriptive 15:241 suicide: social aspects 15:378 survey analysis 15:412 Queue discipline 13:258 QUEUES 13:257-261 distributions, special discrete 4:220 inventory control theory 8:184 operations research 11:294 statistics 15:222 Quinney, Earl R. crime, white-collar 3:487, 488 Quipu urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:210 Quota sampling sample surveys: nonprobability sampling 13:612, 614 Quotas (electoral) electoral systems 5:15 Quotas (trade) 8:125, 126 trade agreements 8:129, 133 Qur'an (Koran) canon law 2:267 drug addiction: social aspects 4:299 Islam 8:202, 204, 205, 207, 210, 213, 214 Qureshi, I. H. historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:425
R R & D: see Research and development RBAN (estimators): see Regular best asymptotically normal (estimators) RE A: see Rural Electrification Administration REM: see Rapid eye movements RLF: see Retrolental fibroplasia RNA: see Ribonucleic acid RT: see Reaction time Rabbinic Judaism 8:273
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
362
INDEX
Rdbel, Ernst
Rabel, Ernst comparative law and legal systems 9:207 Rabelais, Frangois Febvre, Lucien 5:349 RACE 13:263-269 assimilation 1:439 Boas, Franz 2:101, 105 constitutional law: civil rights 3:312 delinquency 4:77 discrimination, economic 4:208 ethnic groups 5:167 eugenics 5:194 genetics and race 6:108 Gobineau, Joseph Arthur de 6:193 Hankins, Frank H. 6:318 Huxley, Julian 7:32 individual differences 7:206 Japanese society 8:236 Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:456 Le Bon, Gustave 9:83 minorities 10:366 nationalism 11:66 Oceanian society 11:255, 256 Ossowski, Stanislaw 11:346 parapsychology 11:389 population composition 12:370 prejudice 12:439, 448 reference materials and books 7:322 segregation 14:145 statistics, descriptive 15:241 Waitz, Theodor 16:433 Race and Culture Contacts in the Modern World (Frazier) 5:553 RACE RELATIONS 13:269-282 WORLD PERSPECTIVES 13:269-277 SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
13:277-282 civil disobedience 2:480, 482 constitutional law: civil rights 3:315 DuBois, W. E. B. 4:305 ethnic groups 5:167 Fanon, Frantz 5:326 Frazier, E. Franklin 5:553 Johnson, Charles S. 8:262 literature: political fiction 9:433 marriage: family formation 10:6 police 12:176 social movements 14:450
social science fiction 14:478 Wirth, Louis 16:559 Racial Basis of Civilization, The (Hansen) 6:319 Racial History of Man, The (Dixon) 4:244 Racism evolution and behavior 5:237 ideology and the social system 7:77 minorities 10:368, 369 national socialism 11:47 race relations: world perspectives 13:270, 275 radicalism 13:297 slavery 14:309 totalitarianism 16:112 RADBRUCH, GUSTAV 13:282-285 RADCLIFFE-BROWN, A. R. 13:285290 anthropology 1:306, 311 anthropology, comparative method in 1:343, 344 anthropology, social 1:320 culture 3:527 fol. ethical systems and social structures 5:157 ethnohistory 6:441 ethnology 5:181 family: comparative structure 5:305, 307 feud 5:389, 391 kinship 8:394 law and legal institutions 9:76 Linton, Ralph 9:388 Lowie, Robert H. 9:481 marriage: comparative analysis 10:9, 12, 14 marriage alliance 10:20 Oceanian society 11:265 political anthropology 12:191 religion: anthropological study 13:402 ritual 13:522 Rivers, W. H. R. 13:527 sanctions 14:1 social structure 14:484, 486 Spencer, Herbert 15:126 theology, primitive 15:606 RADIATION 13:290-294 eugenics 5:194 nuclear war 11:217 parapsychology 11:388
RADICALISM 13:294-300 Bentham, Jeremy 2:55 conservatism 3:291 ideology and the social system 7:82 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:21 revolution 13:502 social movements 14:444, 446, 448 status, social 15:255 RADIN, PAUL 13:300-303 religion: anthropological study 13:404 theology, primitive 15:606 Radio adult education 1:102 communication, mass 3:47 communication, mass: audiences 3:71, 74, 75 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:58, 59 communication, political 3:94 regulation of industry 13:395 Radiocarbon dating archeology: research methods 1:388 RADLOV, VASILII, AND BARTOL'D, VASILII 13:303-306 Rae, George banking 1:519 RAE, JOHN 13:306-307 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:121 Fisher, Irving 5:479 Rage personality development 11:609 Rai Sanyo (Japanese historian) 6:417 Raikes, Robert adult education 1:101 Railroads administrative law 1:81 business cycles 2:227 corporation 3:399 economic history 6:470 property taxes 15:548 regulation of industry 13:393, 394 transportation: economic aspects 16:137, 139 Railway Labor Executives' Association 8:540 Rainfall famine 5:323, 324 Moore, Henry L. 10:480
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Rapid eye movements
INDEX Rainwater, Lee class culture 15:335 Raison d'etat: see Reason of state Rajanya: see Kshatriya Ram Mohan Roy, Raja Hinduism 6:364 Ramadan canon law 2:268 Islam 8:206 North Africa 1:134 Ramapithecus punjabicus evolution, primate 5:213 Ramayana historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:421 Ramond, Charles K. advertising research 1:113 Ramsay, A. O. imprinting 7:110 Ramsey, Frank P. decision making: economic aspects 4:52 Keynes, John Maynard 8:376 utility 16:261 RAND Corporation military psychology 10:336 random numbers 13:310 science-government relations 14:102 simulation: political processes 14:275 strategy 15:285 Randolph Plan constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:303 Random effects model analysis of variance 9:331 errors in statistical assumptions 5:140 RANDOM NUMBERS 13:307-313 analysis of variance 9:325 experiments, design of 5:248 sample surveys 13:595, 600 statistics 15:215, 218 Random sampling errors, nonsampling 5:115 sample surveys 13:601 Random start sample surveys 13:605 Random variables Laplace, Pierre Simon de 9:25 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:545
probability, formal 12:491, 493, 494 runs 11:193 statistics 15:208 Random walk Markov chains 9:581 securities markets 14:137 size distributions in economics 14:295 Randomization errors, nonsampling 5:115 experiments, design of 5:248, 251 fallacies, statistical 5:293 game theory: theoretical aspects 6:64 Cosset, William Sealy 6:213 hypothesis testing 7:46 psychopharmacology 4:287 quasi-experimental design 5:259 statistics 15:216 sufficiency 15:367 Randomness distributions, special discrete 4:219 econometric models, aggregate 4:345 economic expectations 4:390 goodness of fit 6:201, 206 nonparametric statistics 11:180 psychometrics 13:97 random numbers 13:310 runs 11:190 survey analysis 15:418 von Mises, Richard 16:383 Range order statistics 11:183, 185 statistics, descriptive 15:239 Ranis, Gustav economic growth 4:416 RANK, OTTO 13:314-319 adolescence 1:88 creativity: social aspects 3:444 fine arts: the recruitment and socialization of artists 5:450 psychiatry 12:609 Rank caste 2:334 Indian caste system 2:342 organizational intelligence 11:324 self concept 14:157 social class 15:311 stratification, social 15:294 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:361
363
Rank condition statistical identifiability 15:204 Rank correlation multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:547 nonparametric statistics 11:182 ranking methods 11:200 Spearman, C. E. 15:109 statistics, descriptive 15:244 Rank-order statistics 11:196 RANK-SIZE RELATIONS 13:319323 central place 2:366 geography, statistical 6:148 population distribution 12:375 Richardson, Lewis Fry 13:516 statistics 15:222 RANKE, LEOPOLD VON 13:323325 Burckhardt, Jacob 2:203 Robinson, James Harvey 13:534 social history 6:459 Ranking methods 11:196 analysis of variance 9:335 Cattell, James McKeen 2:345 linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:346 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:547 nonparametric statistics 11:181 order statistics 11:182 psychometrics 13:97 rank-size relations 13:319 statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:195 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:183, 187 Ranney, Austin Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. 11:350 Ranulf, Svend punishment 13:221 Rapacki plans disengagement 4:212 RAPAPORT, DAVID 13:325-327 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:22, 28 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:39 Rapid eye movements dreams 4:259
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"j |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
364
INDEX
Rapoport, Anatol
electroencephalography 11:159 parapsychology 11:393 Rapoport, Anatol simulation: political processes 14:274 Rapoport, Robert N. psychiatry, social 12:625 therapeutic community 10:211, 213 Rashid-ad-din Fadlallah historiography, Islamic 6:409 Rask, Rasmus C. anthropology 1:309 Rate of interest: see Interest Rate of return capital, human 2:285 investment decision 8:197 labor force: participation 8:478 money: quantity theory 10:441 regulation of industry 13:392 securities markets 14:138 Ratio estimates errors, nonsampling 5:125 sample surveys 13:602, 611 Ratio scales psychometrics 13:97 scaling 14:26, 33 statistics, descriptive 15:238 Rationalism Chinese political thought 2:404 decision making: psychological aspects 4:35, 41 James, William 8:231 national socialism 11:49 radicalism 13:299 religion, sociology of 13:407 Rationality administrative behavior 1:77 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 6:342 Mills, C. Wright 10:363 organizations 11:302 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:314 radicalism 13:294 utilitarianism 16:229 Vico, Giovanni Battista 16:313 Rationalization legal system 9:60 prejudice 12:443 religion: psychological study 13:419
Simmel, Georg 14:254 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:91 Rationing 12:464 economics 4:479 licensing, occupational 9:285 medical care: economic aspects 10:103 Rats avoidance learning 9:149 drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:293, 294 electroconvulsive shock 5:21 genetics and behavior 6:101 infancy: the effects of early experience 7:285 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:153 radiation 13:291 sexual behavior 14:195, 197 sexual deviation 14:210 stimulation drives 15:267 RATZEL, FRIEDRICH 13:327-329 environmentalism 5:94 ethnology 5:180 Frobenius, Leo 6:18 geography, social 6:136 RATZENHOFER, GUSTAV 13:329330 Small, Albion W. 14:321 Raup, Hugh M. conservation: political and social aspects 3:274 Rauwolfia mental disorders: somatic treatment 10:199 Raven, Bertram leadership: sociological aspects 9:104 Ray, Marsh B. drug addiction: social aspects 4:303 Ray, Michael geography, statistical 6:149 Raychaudhuri, H. C. historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:424 Reaction formation psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:8 REACTION TIME 13:330-333 information theory 7:335 vision 16:323 fol. Wundt, Wilhelm 16:584
Reading Bloomfield, Leonard 2:98 Cattell, James McKeen 2:346 creativity: genius and ability 3:459 literature, sociology of 9:423 READING DISABILITIES 15:333338 eye movements 16:328 intellectual development 7:392 visual defects 16:339 Real-balance effect interest 7:480 liquidity preference 9:405 Pigou, Arthur Cecil 12:96 Real wages 16:398 price history 12:472 productivity 12:531, 533 Realism international relations 8:61 jurisprudence 8:335 political science 12:289 socialization, adult 14:559 typologies 16:182 REASON ANALYSIS 13:338-343 Reason of state canon law 2:265 state 15:151 Reasoning 13:344 cognitive theory 2:538 Hobbes, Thomas 6:483 Lippmann, Walter 9:392 Peirce, Charles Sanders 11:512 political theory 12:309 radicalism 13:296 society 14:579 theology, primitive 15:605 thinking 15:609 Voltaire 16:356 see also Reasoning and logic Reasoning, Legal: see Legal reasoning REASONING AND LOGIC 13:344350 see also Logic; Reasoning Rebellion civil disobedience 2:479 slavery 14:311 social class 15:307 see also Revolution Recall errors, nonsampling 5:121 field theory 5:407
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
Reflexes
INDEX gestalt theory 6:163 interviewing: social research 8:156 Kohler, Wolfgang 8:440 Lewin, Kurt 9:267 mental disorders: organic aspects 10:134 Recent Political Thought (Coker) 2:552 Receptors perception 11:528 senses 14:173, 175 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:300 fol. taste and smell 15:514, 515 Recession business cycles 2:229, 236 see also Depressions Recherches sur les principes mathematiques de la theorie des richesses (Cournot) 3:428 Reciprocal inhibition behavior therapy 10:190 personality 11:598 Reciprocity economic anthropology 4:362 exchange and display 5:239, 242, 243 interaction: social exchange 7:452, 454 sanctions 14:2 trade agreements 8:129 trade and markets 16:121 Recreation conservation: economic aspects 3:289 land: classification 8: 560 Recruitment elites 5:27 engineering 5:72 fine arts: the recruitment and socialization of artists 5:447 journalism 8:265 judicial recruitment 8:322 leadership: political aspects 9:110 medical personnel 10:116 military 10:307 political recruitment and careers 12:273 religious organization 13:435 religious specialists: sociological study 13:446 teaching 15:563
see also Political recruitment and careers Rectangular distributions: see Uniform distributions Recursive systems simultaneous equation estimation 14:285 Red and the Black, The (Stendhal) 9:436 Redemption (economic) international monetary organizations 8:17 Redemption (religious) millenarism 10:353 REDFIELD, ROBERT 13:350-353 acculturation 1:22, 25 anthropology, cultural 1:315 community-society continua 3:177, 178 culture 3:536 culture change 3:556 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:423 integration, cultural 7:374, 376 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:532 modern society, anthropological study of 1:333 peasantry 11:509 primitive art 12:478 Radin, Paul 13:301 societies, small 14:572 urban revolution 16:220 world view 16:576 fol. village 16:319 Redistribution exchange and display 5:241, 242, 244 Redl, Fritz interaction and personality 7:464 Redlich, Fredrick C. mental disorders: epidemiology 10:153 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:224 Redlich, Fritz business history 6:478 Reduced form simultaneous equation estimation 14:286 statistical identifiability 15:203 Reduction of data fallacies, statistical 5:294
365
Reductionism motivation, human 10:514 semantics and semiotics 14:165 systems analysis 15:452 Redundancy information theory 7:332, 334 language, psychology of 9:6 quality control: reliability and life testing 13:234 Reece Committee foundations 5:546 Rees, Elf an homelessness 6:497 Rees, W. L. L. psychology, constitutional 13:67 fol. Rees-Eysenck index psychology, constitutional 13:68 Rees index psychology, constitutional 13:68, 72 Reese, Willis conflict of laws 3:251 Reference books 7:321 REFERENCE GROUPS 13:353-361 caste 2:334 Cooley, Charles H. 3:379 ethical systems and social structures 5:159 field theory 5:411 political participation 12:259 propaganda 12:585 self concept 14:155, 156 social class 15:312 social control 14:389 social psychology 14:464 status, social 15:254 Stouffer, Samuel A. 15:279 Reference periods index numbers: practical applications 7:161 Reference sets significance, tests of 14:248 Reflections on Violence (Sorel) 15:60 anarchism 1:284 Reflexes drug addiction: organic and psychological aspects 4:293 instinct 7:370 nervous system: evolutionary and behavioral aspects of the brain 11:127
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366
Reform
nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:134 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:481 Sechenov, Ivan M. 14:129 Sherrington, C. S. 14:234 Reform Bacon, Francis 1:494 fol. Bentham, Jeremy 2:56 conservation: political and social aspects 3:277 Latin American political movements 9:41 Montesquieu 10:474 Ogburn, William Fielding 11:277 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:115, 116 public policy 13:205 Ross, Edward A. 13:561 socialism 14:511 see also Political reform Reform Act (England 1832) apportionment 1:366 evolution 5:209 Reform Judaism 8:278 Reformation Calvin, John 2:258 Christianity 2:426, 436 constitutional law: civil liberties 3:309 interest 7:473 liberalism 9:277 Luther, Martin 9:494 Protestant political thought 12:598 radicalism 13:296 Robinson, James Harvey 13:535 state 15:151 Refractory period nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:132 REFUGEES 13:361-377 WORLD PROBLEMS 13:361-373 ADJUSTMENT AND ASSIMILATION
13:373-377 homelessness 6:496, 497 Israel 11:110 migration: social aspects 10:290, 293 REGION 13:377-382 area 1:399, 400 Bowman, Isaiah 2:137 central place 2:366
INDEX city: comparative urban structure 2:470
culture area 3:563 ecology, human 4:331 geography, economic 6:124, 125 geography, political 6:120 geography, social 6:138 geography, statistical 6:146 integration, regional 7:522 international trade: patterns of trade 8:112 Mackinder, Halford 9:515 population growth 12:378 regional science 13:383 Ritter, Carl 13:519 specialization and exchange 15:113 stratification, social 15:330 Regional integration 7:522 city: forms and functions 2:450, 451, 453 international organization: administration 8:46 nation 11:12 political culture 12:222 Regional planning 12:129 capital, social overhead 2:289 city: forms and functions 2:453 geography, social 6:138 regional science 13:388 time budgets 16:46 REGIONAL SCIENCE 13:382-390 area 1:400 economic data 4:367 region 13:379 spatial economics : the general equilibrium approach 15:100 spatial economics: the partial equilibrium approach 15:95 Regional Science Association 13:388 Regionalism 13:378 neutralism and nonalignment 11:169 Odum, Howard W. 11:271 Regionalization geography, statistical 6:149 Regression (psychological) Freud, Sigmund 6:9 humor 7:2 hypnosis 7:38 internment and custody 8:145 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:243
personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:7 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:9 social control 14:384 Regression (statistical) 9:310 analysis of variance 9:331 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:105 econometrics 4:358 errors in statistical assumptions 5:135, 136 Galton, Francis 6:51 geography, statistical 6:149 linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:348 multivariate analysis: correlation (I) 10:540 psychometrics 13:106 quantal response 13:238 simultaneous equation estimation 14:281, 286 statistical analysis, special problems of 15:199 statistical identifiability 15:202 statistical method, history of 15:227 statistics 15:213 statistics, descriptive 15:240 survey analysis 15:413, 416 time series 16: 53 time series: advanced problems 16:67 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:85 Regression, Multiple: see Multiple regression Regression, Nonlinear: see Nonlinear regression Regression, Polynomial: see Polynomial regression Regression analysis market analysis 9:570 Regression coefficients: see Coefficients of regression Regression effect errors, nonsampling 5:122, 127 Regression estimation factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:279 Regression estimators sample surveys 13:610
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Religion
INDEX Regression fallacy (statistical) fallacies, statistical 5:297 Regression method factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:279 Regret (statistics) decision theory 4:63 Regular best asymptotically normal estimators point estimation 5:148 REGULATION OF INDUSTRY 13:390-396 administrative law 1:81 capital, social overhead 2:287 cartels and trade associations 2:321, 324
commissions, government 3:15 communication, mass 3:61 crime, white-collar 3:486 film (cinema) 5:430 installment credit 7:358 monopoly 10:462 price control and rationing 12:465 securities markets 14:141 transportation: economic aspects 16:135 Regulation T securities markets 14:142 Regulation W installment credit 7:358, 359 Regulatory commission commissions, government 3:13 Rehabilitation economics 4:479 probation and parole 11:521 social control 14:393 therapeutic community 10:209 vocational rehabilitation 16:350 workmen's compensation 16:574 Rehabilitation, Vocational: see Vocational rehabilitation REICH, WILHELM 13:396-398 character disorders 2:379 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:24 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:207 Reigrotski, Erich stereotypes 15:261 Reimarus, Hermann Samuel ethology 5:187, 188
Reincarnation parapsychology 11:396 sub-Saharan Africa 1:144 Reinforcement attention 1:446 classical conditioning 9:130 communication, mass: effects 3:86 drives, psychological 4:279 group behavior 6:272 Hull, Clark L. 6:536 imitation 7:97 instrumental learning 9:131 learning 9:114, 116, 119, 121, 123, 125 learning in children 9:178 learning theory 9:190, 192 mental retardation 10:244 models, mathematical 10:382, 384 motivation, human 10:516 programmed learning 9:182, 186 reinforcement 9:135 role: psychological aspects 13:551 socialization: psychological aspect 14:541 stimulation drives 15:271 utopianism: design of experimental communities 16:273 Woodworth, Robert S. 16:563 Reinforcement schedules learning 9:116 reinforcement 9:139 see also Interval reinforcement Reiss, Albert J., Jr. character disorders 2:383 occupations and careers 11:247 population distribution 12:375 rural society 13:582 Reiss, Ludwig historiography, Japanese 6:418 Relations Betiveen Religion and Morality, The (Cooper) 3:384 Relative advantage, Principle of economics 4:476 Relativism Beard, Charles A. 2:36 Dilthey, Wilhelm 4:186 Kelsen, Hans 8:365 knowledge, sociology of 8:429 political theory 12:311 Radbruch, Gustav 13:283 Simmel, Georg 14:255 social change 14:370
367
Relativism, Cultural: see Cultural relativism Relativism, Moral: see Moral relativism Reliability achievement testing 1:38 aptitude testing 1:372 economic data 4:368 factor analysis: psychological applications 5:282 interviewing: personality appraisal 8:162 interviewing: social research 8:151 observation, social 11:236 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:3
psychometrics 13:102 quality control: reliability and life testing 13:233 quantal response 13:241 social class, measurement of 15:320 Thematic Apperception Test 12:575 vocational interest testing 16:346 Reliability coefficients: see Coefficients of reliability Relief: see Public assistance RELIGION 13:398-421 ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY 13:398-
406 THE SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION 13:
406-414 PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY 13:414-
421
analytical psychology 1:279 Anglo-American society 1:291, 292, 293 Bodin, Jean 2:112 Buber, Martin 2:161 Calvin, John 2:258 canon law 2:262 Caribbean society 2:315 charisma 2:387 Chinese society 2:410 Comte, Auguste 3:203 constitutional law: civil rights 3:312 death and bereavement 4:20, 23 Durkheim, Emile 4:318 fertility 5:380
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368
Religion, Primitive
foundations 5:545 Frazer, James George 5:551 geography, cultural 6:130 homelessness 6:496 honor 6:506 identification, political 7:60 identity, psychosocial 7:62 ideology 7:68 Indian political thought 7:170, 172 individual psychology 7:217 instrumental learning 9:133 intellectuals 7:406 Islamic countries 11:93, 95 James, William 8:232 Japanese society 8:237 kingship 8:386 Knight, Frank H. 8:427 Le Play, Frederic 9:87 Locke, John 9:467 Mannheim, Karl 9:560 marriage: comparative analysis 10:16
marriage: family formation 10:6 medical care: social aspects 10:93, 96
Mill, John Stuart 10:342 millenarism 10:349, 357, 359 minorities 10:367, 368 monasticism 10:415 Montesquieu 10:469, 473 natural rights 11:87 pollution 12:336 prejudice 12:445 psychiatry: the religio-psychiatric movement 12:632 fol. Rank, Otto 13:316 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:437 religious specialists: sociological study 13:446 ritual 13:521 science, sociology of 14:95 sects and cults 14:130 segregation 14:147 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:206 Smith, William Robertson 14:330 social class 15:306 Spencer, Herbert 15:126 state 15:148 systems analysis, social 15:468, 472 Tawney, R. H. 15:519
INDEX theology, primitive 15:604 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:94 Troeltsch, Ernst 16:154 see also Buddhism; Christianity; Hinduism; Islam; Judaism; Theology, Primitive for classified list of articles on RELIGION see volume 17 page 102 Religion, Primitive: see Primitive religion Religion, Sociology of 13:406 Troeltsch, Ernst 16:152 typologies 16:181 Weber, Max 16:496, 499 Religion and the Rise of Capitalism (Tawney) 15:519 RELIGIOUS OBSERVANCE 13:421428 Judaism 8:280 social control 14:385 time: social organization 16:33 RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATION 13: 428-437 Buddhism 2:165 Christianity 2:428, 430 educational systems 4:516 Gerson, Jean de 6:155 Hinduism 6:358 Islam 8:208 Judaism 8:276 religious observance 13:422 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:442 sects and cults 14:131 social control: organizational aspects 14:399 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:366 Weber, Max 16:496 RELIGIOUS SPECIALISTS 13:437453 ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY 13:437-
444 SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY 13:444-453
urban revolution 16:204 Weber, Max 16:497 Remembering (Bartlett) 2:19 Remplein, Heinz adolescence 1:91 Renaissance anthropology 1:308
architecture 1:394 art and society 5:442 Christianity 2:436 honor 6:508 Robinson, James Harvey 13:535 social history 6:456 Renan, Ernest nationalism 11:66 Renner, Karl Marxist sociology 10:48 Rensch, B. evolution 5:206 RENT 13:454-461 agricultural tenancy 8:569 Carey, Henry C. 2:305 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:143, 145 consumer's surplus 3:356 demand and supply 4:103 economic growth 4:409 economics 4:478 George, Henry 6:153 housing: economic aspects 6:524 income distribution: functional share 7:132, 134 Knight, Frank H. 8:424 land; economic aspects 8:552 Marshall, Alfred 10:30 Ricardo, David 13:510, 511 Rodbertus, Johann Karl 13:539 spatial economics: the partial equilibrium approach 15:98 Thunen, Johann Heinrich von 16:17, 18 West, Edward 16:527 Rent control housing: economic aspects 6:525 Rental value 13:454, 456, 460 Repetition brainwashing 2:141 Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:299 speech perception 11:559 Replacement sample surveys 13:602 Replication anthropology, social 1:323 factor analysis: psychological applications 5:283 index numbers: sampling 7:166 Reponse aux paradoxes de M. de Malestroit (Bodin) 2:111
!~ CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
Resource allocation
INDEX REPRESENTATON 13:461-479 THEORY 13:461-465 REPRESENTATIONAL
SYSTEMS
13:465-474 REPRESENTATIONAL BEHAVIOR
13:474-479 apportionment 1:366, 367 Burke, Edmund 2:223 commissions, government 3:14 elections 5:4 federalism 5:357 government 6:223 leadership: political aspects 9:110 legislation 9:226, 227 lobbying 9:442 majority rule 9: 537 Mill, John Stuart 10:344 Representation, Proportional: see Proportional representation Representational behavior 13:474 Representative firm firm, theory of the 5:458 Marshall, Alfred 10:29 Representative government freedom 5:558 general will 6:86 Proudhon, Pierre Joseph 12:606 representation 13:463 Representative samples Gini, Corrado 6:189 sample surveys: nonprobability sampling 13:613 Repression anxiety 1:358 conflict: psychological aspects 3:224 defense mechanisms 4:68 Freud, Sigmund 6:9 hysteria 7:50 interviewing: social research 8:152 neurosis 11:162 phobias 12:83 psychoanalysis: classical theory
13:8 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:14, 16 psychosomatic illness 13:140 Reproduction, Human eugenics 5:193, 195 evolution and behavior 5:235 fertility 5:371
genetics, demography and population 6:105 Republic Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:509 Montesquieu 10:471 sovereignty 15:80 see also Democracy; Government; Oligarchy Republic (Plato) 12:162 administrative process 1:73 censorship 2:359 justice 8:342 natural law 11:81 social contract 14:378 typologies 16:180 Republican Party (U.S.) 11:430 identification, political 7:59 journalism 8:270 Ostrogorskii, Moisei la. 11:349 panel studies 11:373 political financing 12:240 Repulsion, Index of Benini, Rodolfo 2:52 Reputational method community power 3:158 RESALE PRICE MAINTENANCE 13:479-483 antitrust legislation 1:355 Research: see Advertising research; Archeological research methods; Clinical research; Evaluation research; Operations research; Social research, Early history of RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 13:483-492 INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 13:483-486 FINANCING SOCIAL RESEARCH 13:486-492
369
Research Center in Entrepreneurial History (Harvard University) 6:477 Research design diffusion: interpersonal influence 4:180 epidemiology 5:100 psychopharmacology 4:287 Researches Into the Early History of Mankind (Tylor) 16:172 Reserpine mental disorders: biological aspects 10:146 Reserve Units international monetary organization 8:25 Resettlement Administration (U.S.) agriculture: capital 1:230 Residence kinship 8:406 Residuals statistical analysis, special problems of 15:179 time series 16:53, 60 Residues Niceforo, Alfredo 11:174 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:413 Resistance mental disorders, treatment of: psychological treatment 10:177 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:16 psychoanalysis: therapeutic methods 13:32, 33 statistical analysis, special problems of 15:190 Resource allocation agriculture: capital 1:233 corporation income taxes 15:539 economic equilibrium 4:383 economics 4:472
agriculture: capital 1:230 economics of defense 4:486 engineering 5:71, 75 innovation 7:341 military psychology 10:334, 336,
338 patents 11:464, 467
economics of defense 4:485 export subsidies and dumping 8:123 external economies and diseconomies 5:268 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:527
sociology 15:12
foreign aid: political aspects 5:516
subsidies 15:365
innovation 7:343
technology 15:583
international integration: economic unions 7:543
universities 16:195
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
370
INDEX
Resource reallocation
medical care: economic aspects 10:103, 104 modernization: social aspects 10:387 nationalization 11:70 operations research 11:294 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:111 planning, welfare 12:145 political science 12:286, 288, 294 price control and rationing 12:464, 465 pricing policies 12:461 property taxes 15:548 public expenditures 13:157 sales and excise taxes 15:553 speculation, hedging, and arbitrage 15:120 Thiinen, Johann Heinrich von 16:18 war 16:469 water resources 16:478 welfare economics 16:506 welfare state 16:519 Resource reallocation taxation 15:523 Resources: see Economic resources; Natural resources; Water resources Response aggression: psychological aspects 1:171 Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:298, 299, 300 imitation 7:97 motivation 10:509 programmed learning 9:186 skill, acquisition of 9:173, 174 social psychology 14:460 fol. thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:615 see also Stimulus Response, Observing: see Observing response Response error errors, nonsampling 5:120 Response generalization classical conditioning 9:129 RESPONSE SETS 13:492-496 information theory 7:333 interviewing: social research 8:156 perception, unconscious 11:577 psychometrics 13:102 scaling 14:27
Response specificity stress 15:346 Response surfaces experimental design: response surfaces 5:254 statistics 15:216 Response-time distribution statistical analysis, special problems of 15:178 Response variables models, mathematical 10:379 stress 15:338 RESPONSIBILITY 13:496-500 criminal law 3:498 dictatorship 4:161 Michels, Robert 10:267 political executive 12:231 privacy 12:483 punishment 13:220 representational systems 13:468 see also Duty Retailing cooperatives 3:392 internal trade 7:494 resale price maintenance 13:480 fol. Retained profits 12:550 Retardation, Mental: see Mental retardation Retention classical conditioning 9:130 electroconvulsive shock 5:22 forgetting 5:539 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:42 skill, acquisition of 9:175 transfer learning 9:172 verbal learning 9:160, 166 Retention, Selective: see Selective retention Reticular activating system drives, physiological 4:278 emotion 5:39 motiv ation 10:510 perceptual deprivation 11:551, 555 senses: central mechanisms 14:178 sleep 14:314 Reticular formation nervous system: electroencephalography 11:159 perceptual deprivation 11:551
Retina 16:325, 326 color vision and color blindness 16:330 visual defects 16:337, 339 Retirement aging: economic aspects 1:198, 199 aging: social aspects 1:184, 190 fringe benefits 16:426 judicial administration 8:299 labor force: participation 8:476 population theories 12:353 Retraining aging: psychological aspects 1:181 automation 1:485 employment and unemployment 5:59 Retroactive inhibition forgetting 5:539 learning theory 9:195 skill, acquisition of 9:175 transfer learning 9:172 verbal learning 9:167 Retrograde amnesia electroconvulsive shock 5:22, 23 Retrolental fibroplasia blindness 2:91 Returns to scale production 12:513 production and cost analysis 12:519 Revealed preference utility 16:257 Revenue accounting 1:17 communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:147, 149 death and gift taxes 15:556 elasticity 4:544 fiscal policy 5:470 pricing policies 12:461 tariffs and protectionism 8:115 taxation 15:522 Revenue, Marginal: see Marginal revenue Revenue Act (U.S. 1950) foundations 5:545 Revision of Demand Theory, A (Hicks) 3:357 Revisionism Bernstein, Eduard 2:68
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Richards, Audrey I.
Marxism 10:42 socialism 14:511, 522 Revitalization movements acculturation 1:24 nativism and revivalism 11:75 Reviv alism 11:75 Caribbean society 2:315 REVOLUTION 13:501-507 Acton, J. E. E. D. 1:41 anarchism 1:284 Bakunin, Mikhail A. 1:505 Burke, Edmund 2:225 Chinese society 2:416 communism, international 3:119, 121, 129 communism, Soviet 3:103, 104 community disorganization 3:167 conservatism 3:292 Engels, Friedrich 5:66 Fanon, Frantz 5:326 guerilla warfare 7:503 intellectuals 7:408 international relations: ideological aspects 8:69 Laski, Harold J. 9:32 Latin American political movements 9:40, 45 legitimacy 9:244 Locke, John 9:467 Marxism 10:42, 43 millenarism 10:360 nationalism 11:64 peasantry 11:509 social change 14:374 social movements 14:441, 446 socialism 14:508, 523 socialist economic thought 4:450, 451 stratification, social 15:331 syndicalism 15:447 Trotsky, Leon 16:155 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:375 war 16:462 Revolution of 1848 electoral systems 5:8 pan movements 11:366 Revue de synthese historique (journal) Febvre, Lucien 5:348, 349 Reward systems and incentives 7:247 plantations 12:158 wages: systems of payment 16:414
Rewards avoidance learning 9:152 discrimination learning 9:144 elites 5:28 field theory 5:415 group behavior 6:272 groups 6:263 imitation 7:97, 99 imprinting 7:113 industrial relations: reward systems and incentives 7:247 learning 9:115, 123, 124 learning in children 9:179 models, mathematical 10:384 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:155 political process 12:269 reinforcement 9:136 science, sociology of 14:97 social control: organizational aspects 14:396 stimulation drives 15:267 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:12 utopianism 16:273 values 16:285 Reynolds, Lloyd G. labor force: markets and mobility 8:482 Rg Veda Indian political thought 7:170 Rheingold, Harriet infant development 7:281 Rhetoric historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:368 Ibn Khaldun 7:55 legal reasoning 9:200 propaganda 12:580 Rhetoric (Aristotle) 1:410 natural law 11:81 Rhine, J. B. parapsychology 11:387 Rhinencephalon nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:148 Rhodesia economic anthropology 4:360 sub-Saharan Africa 1:149 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:361 Rhodopsin vision 16:325
371
Rhythm method fertility control 5:383 Rhythm, Nychthemeral: see Nycthemeral rhythm Ribonucleic acid learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:159 Ribot, Theodule A. Binet, Alfred 2:74, 75 stimulation drives 15:267 RICARDO, DAVID 13:507-512 agriculture: history 1:219 Barton, John 2:21 Carey, Henry C. 2:305 conservation: economic aspects 3:280 death and gift taxes 15:557 debt, public 4:32 international trade 8:85 international trade: mathematical theory 8:96 McCulloch, John Ramsay 9:501 Malthus, Thomas Robert 9:550 Pantaleoni, Maffeo 11:379 profit 12:547 rent 13:454 Simonde de Sismondi 14:259 socialist economic thought 4:447 stagnation 15:138 tariffs and protectionism 8:116 Thornton, Henry 16:16 utilitarianism 16:231 utility 16:239 value, labor theory of 16:281 wages 16:398 West, Edward 16:528 Whewell, William 16:531 Ricciuti, Edward A. communication, mass: effects 3:87 Rice, Albert K. organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:316 Rice, Laura N. client-centered counseling 10:181 RICE, STUART 13:512-513 panel studies 11:371 political behavior 12:204 Rice agriculture: comparative technology 1:205 Richards, Audrey I. social anthropology 1:322 sub-Saharan Africa 1:145
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers.J
372
Richardson, Frederick L. W.
Richardson, Frederick L. W. human relations in industry 7:243 RICHARDSON, LEWIS FRY 13:513517 international relations 8:65 rank-size relations 13:323 war 16:462 Richardson, Stephen A. interviewing: social research 8:159 Richter, Curt P. drives, physiological 4:277 Rickert, Heinrich Verstehen 16:311 Riddles folklore 5:498 Ridgeway, W. Frazer, James George 5:552 Rieff, Philip Cooley, Charles H. 3:382 Riemann integral mathematics 10:67 Riese, Walther health 6:331, 332 Riesman, David depressive disorders 4:126 leisure 9:252 Rights, Civil: see Civil rights Rights, Human: see Human rights Rights, Natural: see Natural rights Rights of Man, The (Paine) 11:365 Rigidity aging: psychological aspects 1:181 Riker, William H. coalitions 2:526, 527, 528 decision making: political aspects 4:58 Rise of American Civilization, The (Beard) 2:35 Risk decision making: economic aspects 4:51 decision making: psychological aspects 4:38 econometrics 4:357 entrepreneurship 5: 88, 89 interest 7:472, 483 investment decision 8:199, 200 investment function, aggregate 8:186, 189
Knight, Frank H. 8:425 nationalization 11:71 point estimation 5:148 profit 12:549
speculation, hedging, and arbitrage 15:119 trade and markets 16:119 Risk, Uncertainty and Profit (Knight) 8:424 Rites: see Ritual Rites of passage death, the social organization of 4:26 food: consumption patterns 5:509 Gennep, Arnold van 6:113 Hinduism 6:359 myth and symbol 10:576 pollution 12:340 ritual 13:522 time: social organization 16:36, 38 RITTER, CARL 13:517-520 RITUAL 13:520-526 anthropology, social 1:322 cultural adaption 3:552 death, social organization of 4:27 death and bereavement 4:21, 24 drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:270 ethnomedicine 10:91 food: consumption patterns 5:509 Hinduism 6:359 historiography, African 6:395 Indian caste system 2:341 Indians, North American 7:190, 191, 193, 195, 196 Islam 8:206 kingship 8:386 magic 9:525 myth and symbol 10:576, 578 Oceanian society 11:258, 259, 260 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:413 pseudo-kinship 8:409 religion: anthropological study 13:401, 402, 403 Smith, William Robertson 14:331 social control 14:386 state 15:148 stateless society 15:157, 159 theology, primitive 15:607 time: social organization 16:36 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:359 war 16:470 RIVERS, W. H. R. 13:526-528 Codrington, R. H. 2:535 descent groups 8:401
INDEX family: comparative structure 5:312 Haddon, Alfred Cort 6:303 kinship 8:393 marriage alliance 10:19 Oceanian society 11:265 Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 13:285 RIVET, PAUL 13:528-529 Road to Xanadu, The (Lowes) 9:426 Robbins, Herbert E. decision theory 4:66 Robbins, Lionel welfare economics 16:504 Roberts, J. M. socialization: anthropological aspects 14:549 Roberts, Lamar nervous system: brain stimulation 11:153 Roberts, Owen common law systems 9:213 ROBERTSON, DENNIS HOLME 13:529-533 money 10:427 Pigou, Arthur Cecil 12:96 Robertson, J. A. historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:426 Robertson, William comparative public law 13:185 Robertson Smith, William: see Smith, William Robertson Robespierre, Maximilien de Buonarroti, Filippo 2:202 Robinson, Arthur H. geography, statistical 6:149 Robinson, Edward S. verbal learning 9:161 Robinson, Hal thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:621 Robinson, James A. crisis 3:511, 512 decision making: political aspects 4:59 ROBINSON, JAMES HARVEY 13:533-539 Beard, Charles A. 2:34 intellectual history 6:464 Robinson, Joan economic growth 4:412 firm, theory of the 5:458 profit 12:548, 549
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Role
INDEX Robinson, W. S. geography, statistical 6:148 voting 16:388 Robinson-Patman Act (U.S. 1936) antitrust legislation 1:355 competition 3:186 Robustness analysis of variance 9:332 errors in statistical assumptions 5:133 estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:155 hypothesis testing 7:45 nonparametric statistics: ranking methods 11:197 statistical method, history of 15:231 statistics 15:210, 215 variances, statistical study of 16:299 Robustness of efficiency: see Efficiency, Robustness of Rochefort, Renee geography, social 6:139 Rock paintings sub-Saharan Africa 1:143 Rockefeller Foundation 5:545 technical assistance 15:567, 569 Rockefeller (Laura Spelman) Fund developmental psychology 4:137 Rocquain, Felix intellectual history 6:465 RODBERTUS, JOHANN KARL 13:539-542 socialist economic thought 4:448 Wagner, Adolf 16:430 Rodbertus-Jagetzow: see Rodbertus, Johann Karl Rodin, Auguste art and society 5:446 Rodman, Hyman class culture 15:334, 335 Rods (physiology) 16:324, 325 color vision and color blindness 16:330 Roethlisberger, Fritz J. errors, nonsampling 5:115 Rogers, Carl R. client-centered counseling 10:178 fol. counseling psychology 3:415 creativity: social aspects 3:442 personality 11:590
ROGERS, JAMES E. THOROLD 13:542-543
price history 12:472, 473 Rogoff, Natalie occupations and careers 11:251 ROHEIM, GEZA 13:543-546 religion: anthropological study 13:401 socialization: anthropological aspects 14 •. 545 Rokeach, Milton attitude change 1:465 ethical issues in the social sciences 5:163 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:26 systems analysis: psychological systems 15:487, 489, 492 ROLE 13:546-557 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS 546-552 SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS 552-557
age differentiation 1:157, 158 budgeting 2:194 coalitions 2:528 crime, white collar 3:488 culture and personality 3:560 deviant behavior 4:149 economy and society 4:503 educational systems 4:515 engineering 5:78 ethical systems and social structures 5:158, 159 ethnomusicology 10:564 family: comparative structure 5:303, 310 fine arts: the recruitment and socialization of artists 5:453 food: consumption patterns 5:509 functional analysis: structuralfunctional analysis 6:27 group formation 6:278, 282 groups: role structure 6:283, 285 homosexuality 14:225, 227 hypnosis 7:37 identity, psychosocial 7:61, 64 ideology and the social system 7:79 illness 7:90, 92 intellectuals 7:400, 402, 413 interaction, social 7:438 interaction and personality 7:458 interviewing, therapeutic 8:172 James, William 8:230
373
judicial process: comparative aspects 8:296 leadership: psychological aspects 9:93,
94, 98
legislative behavior 9:240, 241 Linton, Ralph 9:389 Locke, John 9:469 marriage: comparative analysis 10:9
marriage: family formation 10:7, 8 Mead, George Herbert 10:84, 86 medical care: social aspects 10:95 moral development 10:491, 492 Nadel, S. F. 11:2 organizations 11:303 organizations: methods of research 11:339 personality 11:601 personality, political 12:14 persuasion 12:60 political behavior 12:208 political process 12:268 propaganda 12:584 religious specialists: sociological study 13:450 representation 13:462 representational behavior 13:476 rural society 13:582 Scheler, Max 14:40 science, sociology of 14:93, 96, 97 segregation 14:144 sex differences 7:208, 212 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:202 social concept 14:390 social control 14:385, 386 social differentiation 14:407 social institutions 14:417, 418 social psychology 14:470 social structure 14:491 socialization, adult 14:555, 559 societies, small 14:572, 573, 575 society 14:582, 584 sociological thought 15:32 South Asia 1:417, 418 status, social 15:251 Stouffer, Samuel A. 15:279 stratification, social 15:291, 293 systems analysis, political 15:474 systems analysis, social 15:470 Thematic Apperception Test 12:576 traits 16:127
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374
Roll call votes
voting 16:393 Znaniecki, Florian 16:601 Roll call votes decision making: political aspects 4:60 legislative behavior 9:238, 239 Rolph, Earl R. sales and excise taxes 15:553 Roman Catholicism anti-Semitism 1:349 Aquinas, Thomas 1:375 bureaucracy 2:209 canon law 2:262 censorship 2:357 Christianity 2:431, 439, 444, 445 city: metropolitan government 2:459 civil disobedience 2:477 elections 5:4 Erasmus 5:111 family 5:314 fertility 5:380 Figgis, John Neville 5:424 gambling 6:58 Gerson, Jean de 6:155 government 6:222, 223 identification, political 7:60 intellectuals 7:408 Judaism 8:276 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:507 Middle American society 10:284 millenarism 10:350 monarchy 10:413 monasticism 10:415, 416, 417, 418 music and society 10:571 pacifism 11:355 population composition 12:369 population policies 12:387 professions 12:539 propaganda 12:579 pseudo-kinship 8:410 psychiatry: the religio-psychiatric movement 12:635 religious organization 13:428, 430, 433, 435 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:442 religious specialists: sociological study 13:444, 447, 449, 451 responsibility 13:498 sects and cults 14:133 South American society 15:66, 73 universities 16:192
INDEX Roman law capital punishment 2:290 Christianity 2:427 comparative law and legal systems 9:205 conflict of laws 3:248 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:431 human rights 6:540 interest 7:471 jurisprudence 8:332 legal profession 9:67, 68, 69 legislation 9:221 military law 10:312 natural law 11:83 political justice 12:246 see also Civil law; Code law Romance languages culture history 6:452 linguistics, historical 9:378 Romanes, G. J. psychology, comparative 13:51 Romanesque architecture 1:394 Romanticism intellectuals 7:408 literature, sociology of 9:418 national socialism 11:48 society 14:579 suicide: social aspects 15:376 Rome, ancient adjudication, international 1:50 architecture 1:394 art and society 5:440 censorship 2:356 Christianity 2:427, 429, 431, 433 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:320 crisis government 3:514 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:431 elections 5:4 foundation 5:542 Fustel de Coulanges, Numa Denis 6:43 interest 7:473 marriage: family formation 10:2 monarchy 10:412 Montesquieu 10:470 philanthropy 12:73 population theories 12:350 public health 13:165 sovereignty 15:78
suicide: social aspects 15:376 war 16:456 Romig, Harry G. sequential analysis 14:188 Romney, A. Kimball culture change 3:557 Roosa, Robert V. international monetary organization 8:25 money: quantity theory 10:432 Roosevelt, Franklin D. aging: economic aspects 1:198 constitutional law 3:297 delegation of powers 4:73 Merriam, Charles E. 10:258 presidential government 12:452 Roosevelt, Theodore adjudication, domestic 1:45 conservation: political and social aspects 3:273 political machines 12:248 RORSCHACH, HERMANN 13:557558 fantasy 5:328 Rorschach test 12:568 suggestion 15:372 Rorschach test 12:568 fantasy 5:328, 330 homicide 3:493 parapsychology 11:391 projective techniques 12:563 Rorschach, Hermann 13:558 Rosa, Salvator art and society 5:444 ROSCHER, WILHELM 13:558-560 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:121 Historical School 4:455 Rosecrance, Richard systems analysis, international 15:484 Rosenau, James N. communication, political: international aspects 3:98 integration, global 7:530 Rosenbaum, Milton conformity 3:256 Rosenberg, Milton J. attitude change 1:463 attitudes 1:451 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:616 Rosenblatt, Murray goodness of fit 6:204
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Rural society
INDEX Rosenblueth, A. Wiener, Norbert 16:546 Rosenstein-Rodan, Paul N. economic growth 4:415 Rosenthal, David mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:131 Rosenthal, Erich assimilation 1:441 Rosner, Stanley conformity 3:256 ROSS, EDWARD A. 13:560-562 social control 14:382 Southeast Asia 1:437 Rossi, Peter H. tabular presentation 15:507 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:375 Rossiter, Clinton Hamilton, Alexander 6:314 Rosten, Leo communication, mass 3:42 Rostovtsev, Mikhail I. Biicher, Karl 2:164 Rostow, Walt W. culture change 3:557 economic growth 4:415 industrialization: economic aspects 7:262 modernization: social aspects 10:388 Rosvold, H. Enger nervous system: brain stimulation 11:152 Rotary Pursuit Test aptitude testing 1:373 Rote learning 9:114, 117 verbal learning 9:160 Roth v. U.S. (1957) censorship 2:358 Rottenberg, Simon labor force: markets and mobility 8:486 Roundabout production Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:121, 122 Rousiers, Paul de Le Play, Frederic 9:88 ROUSSEAU, JEAN JACQUES 13:563-571 balance of power 1:508 Bosanquet, Bernard 2:133
civil disobedience 2:476 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:323 Durkheim, Emile 4:313 freedom 5:558 general will 6:86, 87 intellectual history 6:466 internment and custody 8:140 majority rule 9:537 natural law 11:85 public opinion 13:192 religion, sociology of 13:407 social contract 14:376 fol. state 15:153 utopianism 16:268 Rouvroy, Claude Henri de: see SaintSimon Rowe, P. fallacies, statistical 5:295 Roy, S. N. linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:349 multivariate analysis 10:534 Royal Commission on Capital Punishment 2:293 Royal Commission on Poor Laws and Relief of Distress (1919) 16:515 Royal Economic Society 4:484 Rubin, Herman factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:278 Rubin figure perception 11:531 Rude, George social movements 14:445 Rugg, Donald errors, nonsampling 5:116 Rule of law: see Legality Rule utilitarianism 16:226 Rules of procedure: see Procedure, Rules of RULES OF THE GAME 13:571-576 deviant behavior 4:152 ideology and the social structure 7:78 legislative behavior 9:240 moral development 10:488 Ruling class Mosca, Gaetano 10:504, 505 see also Elites Ruling Class, The (Mosca) 10:504
375
Rumania communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:152, 153 communism, international 3:125 communism, national 3:114, 115 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:522 literacy 9:413 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:110 Ruml, Beardsley Merriam, Charles E. 10:256 RUMOR 13:576-580 collective behavior 2:558 Runs 11:190 Bienayme, Jules 2:73 Bortkiewicz, Ladislaus von 2:129 nonparametric statistics 11:180 probability, formal 12:488 quality control, statistical: process control 13:232 time series: general 16:51 Runyon. Charles W. social science fiction 14:479 Rural Electrification Administration credit, agricultural 3:470 RURAL SOCIETY 13:580-588 agriculture: social organization 1:211, 213 Chinese society 2:419 community-society continua 3:177 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:90 economy, dual 4:496, 498 fertility 5:378 geography, cultural 6:130 Islam 13:433 Middle American society 10:276, 280 religious observance 13:425 smoking 14:337 social research 15:41 South Asia 1:419 Southeast Asia 1:431 stratification, social 15:327 systems analysis: international systems 15:483 time: social organization 16:36, 38 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:364 see also Village
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
376
INDEX
Rusche, George
Rusche, George punishment 13:221 RUSH, BENJAMIN 13:588-589 criminology 3:506 phobias 12:81 psychiatry, child 12:614 Rusinov, V. S. learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:158 Ruskin, John Hobson, John A. 6:489 Russell, Bertrand mathematics 10:74 positivism 12:389 Russell Sage Foundation research and development: financing social research 13:489 Russia anti-Semitism 1:347 colonialism: economic aspects 3:10 economic growth 4:403 famine 5:324 feudalism 5:400 industrialization: economic aspects 7:254 Israel 11:103 land reform 8:571 Marxism 10:43 migration: economic aspects 10:294 music and society 10:569 national income and product accounts 11:21 pan movements 11:366 political clubs 12:217 radicalism 13:297 refugees: world problems 13:362 school enrollment 4:402 socialism 14:508, 516, 517 sociology, development of 15:15 style 15:359 syndicalism 15:450 see also Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Russian Revolution (1917) 13:504 human rights 6:540 Lenin 9:257 Trotsky, Leon 16:155 Russian Social Democratic Labor Party 3:103 Russo-Japanese War 16:458 Russo-Turkish War 16:458
Rutherford, R. S. G. size distributions in economics 14:296 Rwanda exchange and display 5:241, 244 sub-Saharan Africa 1:148 Rybczynski theorem international trade 8:87, 88 international trade: mathematical theory 8:100 Rykov, Aleksei I. communism, Soviet 3:106 Ryoshu feudalism 5:399
SAC: see Strategic Air Command SCLC: see Southern Christian Leadership Conference SEC: see Securities and Exchange Commission SEU: see Subjectively expected utility SIC: see Standard Industrial Classification SNA: see System of Natural Accounts and Supporting Tables, A. SNCC: see Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee SNU: see Standard Nutrition Unit SOC: see Capital, Social Overhead SORO: see Special Operations Research Organization SPD: see Social Democratic Party (Germany) SPR: see Society for Psychical Research SPRT: see Sequential probability ratio test S-R theory: see Stimulus-response theory SUB: see Supplementary unemployment benefits SVIB: see Strong Vocational Interest Blank SVR: see Scientific value relativism s, distribution of Cosset, William Sealy 6:211 s2 multivariate analysis 10:530
Sabbatai Zevi Judaism 8:277 millenarism 10:357 Sabotage civil war 7:499 fol. Saburo, lenaga Buddhism 2:184 Saccadic movements eye movements 16:328 Sacraments Christianity 2:431, 434, 437 Sacred and profane Chinese political thought 2:396 Durkheim, Emile 4:317 government 6:218 honor 6:506 ideology 7:68 myth and symbol 10:578, 580, 581 pollution 12:337 privacy 12:482 religion: anthropological study 13:402, 403, 405 ritual 13:525 time: social organization 16:31 Sacrifice drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:270 Junod, Henri Alexandre 8:332 Mauss, Marcel 10:80 ritual 13:523 Smith, William Robertson 14:331 Sade, Donald S. social behavior, primate 14:357 Saddle point game theory: theoretical aspects 6:64 Sadism Abraham, Karl 1:2 Safety industrial and business psychology 7:228 visual defects 16:339 Sahagun, Bernardino de Tozzer, Alfred M. 16:117 Sahaptin language 7:187 Sahlins, Marshall D. cornponential analysis 3:188 culture change 3:556 Saicho Buddhism 2:179 St. Eustatius, island Caribbean society 2:309
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 bers.J I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers
Sampling
INDEX Sainte-Lague method electoral systems 5:14 Saint Paul, Ursula von aggression 1:169 ethology 5:191 St. Petersburg paradox Bernoulli family 2:67 utility 16:261 SAINT-SIMON 13:591-594 Comte, Auguste 3:201, 202 elites 5:27 socialism 14:506, 507 socialist economic thought 4:447 state 15:153 Sait, Edward McChesney . political machines 12:249 Sakel, Manfred mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:202 Sakti Hinduism 6:360 Salamanca, School of economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:435 Salaries income distribution: functional share 7:132 judges 8:299 labor unions in the United States 8:538 reward systems in industry 7:247 see also Wages Salat time: social organization 16:33 Sales advertising: economic aspects 1:107, 109 advertising research 1:115 business cycles 2:240 cartels and trade associations 2:321 consumer research 9:571 internal trade 7:495 inventory behavior 8:178 inventory control theory 8:183 market analysis 9:567, 568 Sales promotion economies of scale 4:495 Sales research advertising 1:115 consumer research 9:574 Sales taxes 15:550 fiscal policy, wartime 5:473 local finance 9:448
Salience-embeddedness Stern, William 15:264 Salish Indians 7:184, 186 Salishan language 7:187 Salons (art) 5:444, 446 Salpetriere (French hospital) Charcot, Jean Martin 2:384 Salvation Buddhism 2:167, 171 Christianity 2:441, 443 death and bereavement 4:20 millenarism 10:351 Salzmann, Christian G. Ritter, Carl 13:517 Samoa adolescence 1:92 food: consumption patterns 5:513 socialization: anthropological aspects 14:545, 546 Sample cumulative distribution function distributions, approximations to 4:234 goodness of fit 6:199 Sample points probability, formal 12:488 Sample size errors, nonsampling 5:122 estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:155 Cosset, William Sealy 6:211 hypothesis testing 7:45 latent structure 9:36 sample surveys 13:596 Sample size, Inflated errors, nonsampling 5:122 Sample space probability, formal 12:488 SAMPLE SURVEYS 13:594-616 THE FIELD 13:594-612 NONPROBABILITY SAMPLING 13:612-616 Anderson, Oskar N. 1:286 communication, mass 3:48, 47, 49, 50 communication, mass: audiences 3:76 decision making: political aspects 4:60 economic data 4:367 errors, nonsampling 5:116, 118, 119
377
fallacies, statistical 5:296, 300 fertility 5:373 government statistics 6:231, 236 information services 7:312 Key, V. O., Jr. 8:367 labor force 8:471 national wealth: distribution 11:60 organizations: methods of research 11:334 political behavior 12:209 political opinion 13:202 political sociology 12:300 population 12:346, 347 propaganda 12:580 psychometrics 13:109 public opinion 13:189 representational behavior 13:476 sequential analysis 14:187 simulation: economic processes 14:271 social research, early history of 15:40 fol. statistical method, history of 15:228 statistics 15:214 statistics as legal evidence 15:247 survey analysis 15:417, 429 tabular presentation 15:500 vocational rehabilitation 16:352 voting 16:388, 389 see also Survey analysis Samples, Plurality of errors, nonsampling 5:124 Sampling Anderson, Oskar N. 1:285, 286 Bowley, Arthur Lyon 2:135 census 2:363 community power 3:158 consumer research 9:572 content analysis 3:376 economic data 4:368 errors, nonsampling 5:113 ethnomusicology 10:563 experiments, design of 5:246 factor analysis: psychological applications 5:286 fallacies, statistical 5:296 fiducial inference 5:403 field work 5:421 Gini, Corrado 6:189 government statistics 6:236 index numbers: sampling 7:165, 166
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers._
378
INDEX
Sampling, Acceptance
Lexis, Wilhelm 9:272 models, mathematical 10:381 point estimation 5:142 psychometrics 13:109 quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:226 random numbers 13:308, 309 ranking methods 11:197 sample surveys 13:594 sequential analysis 14:188 simultaneous equation estimation 14:292 social institutions: comparative study 14:424
social mobility 14:431, 436 statistical method, history of 15:227, 230 statistics 15:220 statistics as legal evidence 15:247 survey analysis: applications in economics 15:431 Sampling, Acceptance: see Acceptance sampling Sampling, Censored: see Censored sampling Sampling, Clustered: see Clustered sampling Sampling, Double: see Double sampling Sampling, Paired: see Paired sampling Sampling, Probability: see Probability sampling Sampling, Random: see Random sampling Sampling, Stratified: see Stratified sampling Sampling distributions probability, formal 12:494 Sampling error economic data 4:368 errors, nonsampling 5:113 government statistics 6:236 index numbers: practical applications 7:163 index numbers: sampling 7:165, 167 Pearson, Karl 11:501 sample surveys 13:594, 596, 598, 611 sample surveys: nonprobability sampling 13:614
significance, tests of 14:245 simultaneous equation estimation 14:291 Sampling variability tabular presentation 15:499 Sampling with replacement distributions, special discrete 4:220 sample surveys 13:602 Sampling without replacement distributions, special discrete 4:220 sample surveys 13:602 random numbers 13:312 Samuelson, Paul A. economic equilibrium 4:380, 384, 385 international trade 8:87, 88 public expenditures 13:158 spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:107 utility 16:248, 257, 258, 262 welfare economics 16:509 Samurai modernization 10:403 San Remo agreement (1920) Zionism 16:595 SANCTIONS 14:1-5 duty 4:322 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:428 interaction, social 7:434 Kelsen, Hans 8:362 law and legal institutions 9:75 legal system 9:60 norms 11:205 political opinion 13:201 pollution 12:339 punishment 13:218 responsibility 13:497, 499 sanctions, international 14:5 sexual deviation: social aspects 14:217 social control 14:388 trade and markets 16:119 value systems 16:288 SANCTIONS, INTERNATIONAL 14:5-9 disarmament 4:199 economic warfare 4:468 international conflict resolution 7:513 peace 11:494 war 16:454
Sanders, Andries F. attention 1:446 Sanger, Margaret fertility control 5:382 Sangha Buddhism 2:168, 169, 174, 176, 179, 182 Indian political thought 7:173 Sanskrit Hinduism 6:359 Sansom, George B. Japanese society 8:240 Sanusi ethnohistory 6:442 SAPIR, EDWARD 14:9-15 CONTRIBUTIONS TO CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY 14:9-13 CONTRIBUTIONS TO LINGUISTICS 14:13-15
Bloomfield, Leonard 1:96 culturology 3:550 ethnohistory 6:441 Indians, North American 7:197 integration, cultural 7:374, 377 language and culture 9:21 linguistics 9:355 socialization: anthropological aspects 14:545 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:397 Whorf, Benjamin L. 16:537 Sapir-Whorf hypothesis Whorf, Benjamin L. 16:536, 537 Sarbin, Theodore R. role: psychological aspects 13:548 fol. Sarhan, Ahmed E. order statistics 11:186, 187 Sarkadi, Karoly goodness of fit 6:205 SARTON, GEORGE 14:15-17 science, history of 14:76 Sartori, Giovanni Michels, Robert 10:268 Sartre, Jean Paul death and bereavement 4:21 Husserl, Edmund 7:29 literature: political fiction 9:437 literature, sociology of 9:419 Marxist sociology 10:49 phenomenology 12:69 Saslow, George smoking 14:338
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.)
Scheler,Max
INDEX Satellites space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:92 Satiation field theory 5:408 perception: illusions and aftereffects 11:550 Satyagraha civil disobedience 2:478 Indian political thought 7:178 pacifism 11:354 Saudi Arabia 11:90 SAUER, CARL O. 14:17-19 agriculture: comparative technology 1:204 geography, cultural 6:129 landscape 8:576 SAUSSURE, FERDINAND DE 14:19-21 linguistics 9:355 Savage, Leonard J. decision making: psychological aspects 4:39 probability: interpretations 12:498 Savanna agriculture sub-Saharan Africa 1:145 Save America First (Frank) 5:549 SAVIGNY, FRIEDRICH CARL VON 14:21-22 code law systems 9:215 legal system 9:59 Saving budgeting 2:189 capital, human 2:280 consumer assets 3:343 consumption function 3: 358, 362 consumption levels and standards 3:336 credit, government 3:462 economic growth 4:409, 412 economics 4:480 economies of scale 4:492 financial intermediaries 5:435, 436 fiscal policy 5:468 Hobson, John A. 6:490 income and employment theory 7:123 income distribution: functional share 7:140 income taxes, personal 15:531 interest 7:476. 481
international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:127 investment function, aggregate 8:185 Keynes, John Maynard 8:370 Lauderdale, James Maitland 9:48 money 10:430 national income and product accounts 11:28, 29, 31 national wealth: distribution 11:63 optimum population theory 12:360 pension funds 11:524 planning; development 12:122 Robertson, Dennis Holme 13:531 tariffs and protectionism 8:118 Sawyer, Jack ethnology 5:184 SAY, JEAN BAPTISTE 14:23-25 entrepreneurship 5:88 utility 16:238 Say, Leon Walras, Leon 16:447 Sayre, Wallace C. political group analysis 12:245 Say's law Lange. Oskar 8:582 Scale parameters nonparametric statistics 11:181 Scales (tests) interviewing: social research 8:151 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 12:44 social mobility 14:430 Scales, Interval: see Interval scales Scales, Metric: see Metric scales Scales, Nominal: see Nominal scales Scales, Ordinal: see Ordinal scales Scales, Ratio: see Ratio scales Scales of measurement psychometrics 13:95 scaling 14:25 statistics 15:217 statistics, descriptive 15:238, 243 variances, statistical study of 16:292 SCALING 14:25-39 clustering 2:520 experimental design: response surfaces 5:256 judicial behavior 8:311 judicial values 8:318 psychometrics 13:95 fol.
379
psychophysics 13:124 science, philosophy of 14:86 Thurstone, L. L. 16:23 Scandinavia: see Denmark; Finland; Norway; Sweden Scanlon Plan (1947) reward systems in industry 7:251 wages 16:414, 415 Scapegoat aggression: psychological aspects 1:171 anti-Semitism 1:349 dramatism 7:450 ideology and the social system 7:79, 81 Scarbrough Report area studies 1:401 Scarcity conservation: economic aspects 3:286 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:432 economics 4:472 innovation 7:340 patents 11:467 political science 12:285 price control and rationing 12:468 utilitarianism 16:229 Scatter diagram graphic presentation 6:250 linear hypotheses: regression 9:313 Schaar, John H. civil disobedience 2:484 Schachter, Stanley anxiety 1:362 cohesion, social 2:542. 543, 545 field theory 5:412 motivation, human 10:519 social psychology 14:465, 466 Scheffe, Henry errors in statistical assumptions 5:137 linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:340, 342, 343, 345, 346, 348 SCHELER, MAX 14:39-42 knowledge, sociology of 8:429, 430 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:27 phenomenology 12:69, 71 sympathy and empathy 15:444
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380
Schelling, Thomas C.
Schelling, Thomas C. coalitions 2:530 international relations 8:65 Schenck v. United States (1919) Holmes, Oliver Wendell 6:492 Schilder, Paul body image 2:113 Schiller, Johann Christoph Friedrich von alienation 1:265 Schilling, Charles W. scientific communication 14:115 SCHIZOPHRENIA 14:42-51 aging: psychological aspects 1:183 Angyal, Andras 1:302 Bleuler, Eugen 2:85 conformity 3:257 Klein, Melanie 8:417 mental disorders 10:130, 144, 149, 152, 160 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:197, 199, 202, 203 Meyer, Adolf 10:264 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:244 psychiatry 12:611 psychology, constitutional 13:73 psychosis 13:126 role: psychological aspects 13:548 Schlegel, Friedrich von social science fiction 14:479 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:396 systems analysis: psychological systems 15:491 typologies 16:182 Schleiermacher, Friedrich religion, sociology of 13:407 SCHLESINGER, KARL 14:51-52 economic equilibrium 4:379 SCHLICK, MORITZ 14:52-56 positivism 12:389 Schliemann, Heinrich Petrie, W, M. Flinders 12:65 Schlosberg, Harold expressive behavior 5:264 Schmeidler, Gertrude R. parapsychology 11:394 Schmidhauser, John R. judicial behavior 8:310 Schmidt, Johann Caspar: see Stirner, Max
INDEX Schmidt, Richard leadership: sociological aspects 9:102 SCHMIDT, WILHELM 14:56-58 domestication, animal 4:251 Frobenius, Leo 6:18 Koppers, Wilhelm 8:445 SCHMITT, CARL 14:58-60 crisis government 3:517 dictatorship 4:162 legitimacy 9:247 Schmitter, Philippe C. integration, functional 7:539 SCHMOLLER, GUSTAV 14:60-63 Ashley, William James 1:411 Austrian School 4:460 Hintze, Otto 6:366 Historical School 4:456 Menger, Carl 10:126 Spiethoff, Arthur 15:131 Wagner, Adolf 16:430 Schnapper-Arndt, Gottlieb social research, early history of 15:49 Schneider, Joseph feud 5:391 Schneider, Louis content analysis 3:373 Schneirla, T. C. psychology, comparative 13:54, 57 Schoeffler, Sidney systems analysis, political 15:477 Schoenfeld, William N. anxiety 1:360 Schofield, Michael homosexuality 14:224, 229 Scholasticism Christianity 2:434 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:431 fol. Oresme, Nicole 11:297 universities 16:192 utility 16:238 School enrollment economic growth 4:402 labor force: participation 8:477, 480 population composition 12:369 Schools constitutional law: civil rights 3:315 education and society 4:519 educational organization 4:529
educational systems 4:515 fine arts: the recruitment and socialization of artists 5:449 occupations and careers 11:248 personality development 11:613 social work 14:496, 498, 500 socialization, political 14:554 teaching 15:561 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:81 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:376 see also Universities Schorr, Alvin planning, welfare 12:143 SCHRIEKE, BERTRAM 14:63-65 Schroder, H. M. systems analysis, psychological 15:489, 492 Schroeder, Theodore judicial values 8:317 Schubert, Glendon judicial behavior 8:311, 313 judicial values 8:318 public interest 13:173 public law 13:179 Schuell, Hildred mental disorders: organic aspects 10:137 SCHULTZ, HENRY 14:65-66 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:106, 107 Schultz, Theodore W. agriculture 1:222 Schultze, Charles inflation and deflation 7:294 SCHUMPETER, JOSEPH A. 14:6772 Austrian School 4:461 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:120 business cycles 2:230 business history 6:477 capitalism 2:295, 297 democracy 4:117 economic growth 4:410 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:432 entrepreneurship 5:89 imperialism 7:103 innovation 7:339, 340, 342 Japanese society 8:248 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:407 political sociology 12:304
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
Screening and selection
INDEX profit 12:549 Rae, John 13:306 Say; Jean Baptiste 14:24 Tugan-Baranovskii, Mikhail I. 16:165 SCHUTZ, ALFRED 14:72-74 Schutz, William C. interaction and personality 7:463 Schwartz, Anna J. money: velocity of circulation 10:449, 450 Schwartz, Morris S. mental disorders, treatment of: the therapeutic community 10:212, 213 Schwartz, R. D. legal system 9:64 SCIENCE 14:74-117 THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE 14:74-83 THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
14:
83-92 THE SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENCE
Science, History of 14:74 history, intellectual 6:463 Koyre, Alexandre 8:447 medical care: social aspects 10:95 fol. Sarton, George 14:15 science, sociology of 14:92 Science, Philosophy of: see Philosophy of science Science, Sociology of 14:92 interpersonal influence 4:180 science, history of 14:82 Science and the Modern World (Whitehead) 5:203; 16:535 Science of Custom, The (Benedict)
14:92-100 SCIENCE-GOVERNMENT RELATIONS
14:100-107 SCIENTISTS
psychiatry: the religio-psychiatric movement 12:632 Sarton, George 14:15 Schlick, Moritz 14:54 technology 15:584 technology and international relations 15:594 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:94
2:48
Science of Logic (Hegel) 1:265
14:107-111
SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION 14:112-117
Bacon, Francis 1:496, 497 Christianity 2:439, 440 conservation: political and social aspects 3:272 creativity: social aspects 3:445, 454 ethical issues in the social sciences 5:164 foundations 5:545 Frazer, James George 5:550 Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:296 historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:390 history, philosophy of 6:430 ideology 7:74 innovation 7:340 intellectuals 7:404 land: economic aspects 8:553 linguistics 9:369 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:545 military 10:307 political theory 12:308, 310, 325, 328 positivism 12:389, 393
t
Science of Public Administration. The: Three Problems (Dahl) public administration 13:148 Science of Society, The (Sumner) 15:408 Scientific communication: see Communication, Scientific SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION 14:117-123 causation 2:350 Cohen, Morris R, 2:540 experiments, design of 5:245 functional analysis 6:30 history, philosophy of 6:430 political theory 12:308 science, philosophy of 14:88, 89 Scientific law 14:88 causation 2:350, 351, 352 evolution 5:206 Scientific management administrative function 1:66 economy and society 4:502 labor movement, theories of the 8:521 organizations 11:300 organizations: effectiveness 11:312
381
public administration 13:146, 150, 155 reward systems in industry 7:248 see also Business management Scientific method Bacon, Francis 1:495 Brecht, Arnold 2:146 Cohen, Morris R. 2:540 Dewey, John 4:156 family 5:317 Peirce, Charles Sanders 11:512 quasi-experimental design 5:259 Teggart, Frederick J. 15:598 Scientific revolution science, history of 14:79 Scientific value relativism Brecht, Arnold 2:146 Scientism intellectuals 7:407 Scitovsky, Tibor external economies and diseconomies 5:273 firm, theory of the 5:457 welfare economics 16:505 Scope and Method of Political Economy, The (Keynes) 8:377 Scores ranking methods 11:197 Scotland banking 1:516 cooperatives 3:392 Scott, Christopher fallacies, statistical 5:300 parapsychology 11:397 Scott, Robert Latin American political movements 9:40 Scott. Walter D. military psychology 10:334 Scott, William A. systems analysis, psychological 15:493 Scotus, John Duns economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:433 SCREENING AND SELECTION 14:123-127 clustering 2:520 linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:347 military psychology 10:333 order statistics 11:183
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"j cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
382
Sculpture
political recruitment and careers 12:277 social control: organizational aspects 14:399 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:87 statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:199 Sculpture art and society 5:439 style 15:356 sub-Saharan Africa 1:144, 146, 151 Sea power Mahan, Alfred Thayer 9:529 Seafarers' International Union of North America 8:536 Sears, David O. thinking: cognitive 15:621 Sears, Robert R. motivation, human 10:519 Sears, William H. archeology 1:384 SEASHORE, CARL E. 14:127-128 Seashore, Harold C. Lewin, Kurt 9:267 Seashore, Stanley E. organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:315 Seasonal adjustment 16:80 Seasonal unemployment 5:54 Seasonal variations fallacies, statistical 5:296 statistical method, history of 15:230 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:80 Seay, B. M. aggression: psychological 1:170 SECHENOV, IVAN M. 14:129-130 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:481 Second best, Theory of the Clark, John Maurice 2:510 international trade 8:84, 90, 91 state trading 8:138 tariffs and protectionism 8:118 Second International: see International, Second Secondary drives: see Acquired drives
INDEX Secondary groups voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:374 voting 16:393 Secondary process psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:7 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:12, 15 Secondary reinforcement learning 9:122 Secord, Paul F. friendship 6:16 leadership: psychological aspects 9:94, 100 Secret ballot electoral systems 5:10 Secret Intelligence Service: see British Secret Service Secret societies Codrington, R. H. 2:535 revolution 13:503 Sectarianism Judaism 8:277 Protestant political thought 12:600 see also Denominationalism Sector velocity money: velocity of circulation
securities markets 14:138, 139, 141 Securities Exchange Act (U.S. 1934) 14:141
10:448 Sects 14:130 fol.
SECURITIES MARKETS 14:136-143 consumer sovereignty 3:333 financial intermediaries 5:435 pension funds 11:525 Security Council (U.N.) international organization: the process and the institutions 8:34, 36 sanctions, international 14:6 trusteeship 16:160 Sedentary cultivation agriculture: comparative technology 1:204 Sedgwick, Adam Darwin, Charles 4:9 SEE, HENRI 14:143-144 Seeley, John R. class culture 15:386 Kjellen, Rudolf 8:414 Seeman, Melvin leadership: psychological aspects 9:92 SEGREGATION 14:144-150 aging: social aspects 1:191, 194 assimilation 1:438, 442 caste 2:334 city: comparative urban structure
collective behavior 2:561 Hinduism 6:360 Islam 8:209 Judaism 8:277 millenarism 10:350 religious observance 13:423, 424, 426 religious organization 13:434 social movements 14:449 Troeltsch, Ernst 16:152 see also Denominationalism SECTS AND CULTS 14:130-136 see also Cults; Sects Secularism government 6:223 Mill, John Stuart 10:342 North Africa 1:134 Securities Act (U.S. 1933) 14:141 Securities Act (U.S. 1964) 14:141 Securities and Exchange Commission administrative law 1:81
constitutional law 3:299 constitutional law: civil rights 3:314, 315 housing: social aspects 6:519 minorities 10:368 population distribution 12:374 prejudice 12:441, 448 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:278 race relations: world perspectives 13:274 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:93 Seguin, Edouard psychiatry, child 12:615 Seignioral economy: see Manorial economy Seigniory feudalism 5:396 Seizures: see Convulsions Selection 14:123 education and society 4:523, 524
2:468
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| j_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Senses
ethology 5:188 eugenics 5:196 modernization 10:405 sample surveys 13:600, 604 statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:196 Selection ratio aptitude testing 1:373 Selective attention stimulation drives 15:269 Selective breeding Darwin, Charles 4:9 food: world problems 5:505 genetics and behavior 6:99 individual differences 7:201 Selective migration: see Migratory selection Selective perception communication, mass: effects 3:83 Selective responses Whitehead, Alfred North 16:534, 535 Selective retention communication, mass: effects 3:83 Self-actu alization client-centered counseling 10:179, 181 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:619 SELF CONCEPT 14:150-159 adolescence 1:91 attitude change 1:465 body image 2:114 client-centered counseling 10:179, 180, 182 Cooley, Charles H. 3:379 crime, white-collar 3:488 deviant behavior 4:152 gestalt theory 6:165 honor 6:505 Horney, Karen 6:515 identity, psychosocial 7:61 interaction, social 7:434 interaction, symbolic 7:444 interaction and personality 7:464 internment and custody 8:147 James, William 8:230 Kant, Immanuel 8:349 Mead, George Herbert 10:85 mental health 10:216
personality 11:587, 594 phenomenology 12:70 prostitution 12:595 reason analysis 13:340 reference groups 13:355 role: psychological aspects 13:550 role: sociological aspects 13:556 status, social 15:252 suicide: psychological aspects 15:389 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:399 see also Ego identity Self confidence conformity 3:257, 258 Self-determination international politics 8:52 nationalism 11:65 Self-orientation-collectivityorientation Anglo-American society 1:290 Self-preservation Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:507 social contract 14:376 sovereignty 15:79 Self-punishment 13:218 Self-sufficiency systems analysis, social 15:461 technical assistance 15:570 SELIGMAN, C. G. 14:159-162 Frazer, James George 5:552 Haddon, Alfred Cort 6:303 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:543 SELIGMAN, EDWIN R. A. 14:163164 Sellin, Thorsten crime 3:474 delinquency 4:75 Seltzer, Carl C. psychology, constitutional 13:72 Selznick, Philip organizational goals 11:307 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:370 Semantic differential language, psychology of 9:3 Semantics componential analysis 3:186 culture 3: 534, 537, 538 language and culture 9:20, 21 positivism 12:391 SEMANTICS AND SEMIOTICS 14:164-169 see also Semantics; Semiotics
383
Seminole Indians 7:196 Semiotics 14:164 communication, animal 3:34 componential analysis 3:187 hysteria 7:50 linguistics 9:358 Saussure, Ferdinand de 14:19 Senate, Roman adjudication, international 1:50 Seneca Indians 7:195 Morgan, Lewis Henry 10:496 Senghor, Leopold-Sedar socialism 14:528, 529 Senile dementia aging: psychological aspects 1:182, 183 mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:131 SENIOR, NASSAU WILLIAM 14:169-172 Seniority collective bargaining 8:494 Sensate culture Sorokin, Pitirim A. 15:62 Sensation gestalt theory 6:159 pain 11:360, 362 perception 11:528 phenomenology 12:69 senses 14:173, 175 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:302, 306 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:615 SENSES 14:172-182 OVERVIEW 14:172-177 CENTRAL MECHANISMS 14:177182 aging: psychological aspects 1:179 communication 3:25 communication, animal: communication models and signaling behavior 3:34 Condillac, Etienne Bonnot de 3:211 evolution, human 5:217 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:347 Hering, Ewald 6:351 infant development 7:276 kinesics 8:380 Lashley, Karl S. 9:30 Miiller, Johannes 10:526
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [_cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers.!
384
Senses and the Intellect, The
nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:136, 144 perception 11:528 perception, unconscious 11:576 psychology, physiological 13:62 psychophysics 13:120, 123 quantal response 13:242 reaction time 13:331 sensory and motor development 14:182 fol. sexual behavior, animal 14:198 Stumpf, Carl 15:351 time: psychological aspects 15:26 Weber, Ernst Heinrich 16:493 Wundt, Wilhelm 16:585 see also Hearing; Skin senses and kinesthesis; Taste and smell; Vision Senses and the Intellect, The (Bain) 1:503 Sensitivity psychophysics 13:121 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:300, 302 Sensorimotor system nervous system: evolutionary and behavioral aspects of the brain 11:127 SENSORY AND MOTOR DEVELOPMENT 14:182-187 developmental psychology 4:141 eye movements 16:328 infant development 7:276 perceptual development 11:536 Sensory area (cortex) nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:143 Sensory deprivation: see Deprivation, Sensory Sensory modality perception 11:528 senses 14:174 Sensory receptors aging: psychological aspects 1:179 perception 11:528 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:301 Sentiments attitudes 1:455 emotion 5:35 honor 6:503 sympathy and empathy 15:444
Separation (marital) family disorganization and dissolution 5:313 marriage: comparative analysis 10:17 Separation of powers administrative process 1:69 constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:301, 305 Goodnow, Frank J. 6:208 judicial process 8:283 legislatures 9:233 Montesquieu 10:472 presidential government 12:453 SEQUENTIAL ANALYSIS 14:187192 Girshick, Meyer A. 6:192 hypothesis testing 7:45 multivariate analysis 10:531 quantal response 13:240 screening and selection 14:126 significance, tests of 14:248 social change 14:370 statistical method, history of 15:230 statistics 15:216 Wald, Abraham 16:435 Sequential probability ratio test sequential analysis 14:189, 191 Wald, Abraham 16:436 Sequential sampling quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:227 sample surveys 13:610 Serendipity science, sociology of 14:99 Serfdom agriculture: social organization 1:210 see also Manorial economy Serial correlation: see Autocorrelation Serial learning verbal learning 9:165 Sedation archeology: research methods 1:388 developmental psychology 4:]43 Kroeber. Alfred L. 8:456 Series system quality control, statistical: reliability and life testing 13:234 SERRA, ANTONIO 14:193-194
INDEX Service, Elman R. culture change 3:556 Services industries city: comparative urban structure 2:470 industrialization: economic aspects 7:257 labor force: hours of work 8:489 Set (psychological) attitudes 1:450 thinking 15:611 Set theory causation 2:352 mathematics 10:72, 73, 74 probability, formal 12:488 Seton, Francis aggregation 1:166 Sets, Response: see Response sets Settlement, Act of (1701) 6:221 Settlements city: comparative urban structure 2:466
ecology 4:340 geography, cultural 6:130 see also City; Community; Neighborhood; Village Seven Years' War 16:457, 459 price history 12:475 Severance pay collective bargaining 8:497 Sewell, William H. social class, measurement of 15:322, 323 Sex differences 7:207 componential analysis 3:190 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:89
genetics and behavior 6:98 individual differences 7:205 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:426 mental disorders: epidemiology 10:154 mortality 10:501, 502 parapsychology 11:389 perception, person 11:565 sensory and motor development 14:186 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:214 social behavior, primate 14:354 socialization, political 14:552
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers.J
Sherif, Muzafer
INDEX socialization: psychological aspects 14:536 suggestion 15:371 suicide: social aspects 15:380 survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:421 Thomas, W. I. 16:2 wages 16:410 Sex linkage genetics and behavior 6:99 Sex ratio delinquency 4:76 labor force: participation 8:474 population composition 12:363 religious observance 13:426 social work 14:496 Sex roles ecology, cultural 4:340 identity, psychosocial 7:64 marriage: family formation 10:6 sex differences 7:208, 212 socialization: psychological aspects 14:542 Sexual arousal sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:214 SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 14:194-222 ANIMAL SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 14:194-
201 SOCIAL ASPECTS 14:201-209
SEXUAL DEVIATION: PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS 14:209-215 SEXUAL DEVIATION : SOCIAL ASPECTS 14:215-222 HOMOSEXUALITY 14:222-233
adolescence 1:88 fol. affection 1:123 behavior therapy 10:191 conformity 3:253 drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:269 drives, physiological 4:276 ethology 5:190, 191 Ferenczi, Sandor 5:368 Freud, Sigmund 6:4 genetics and behavior 6:99 honor 6:506 Homey, Karen 6:513 identity, psychosocial 7:64 incest 7:115 instrumental learning 9:131 Kinsey, Alfred C. 8:389
marriage: family formation 10:2 motivation, human 10:517 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:152 privacy 12:482 prostitution 12:592 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:9 social behavior, animal 14:350 social behavior, primate 14:356 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:400 Westermarck, Edward 16:530 see also Homosexuality; Prostitution; Sexual deviation Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (Kinsey) 8:389 prostitution 12:593 Sexual deviation 14:205, 209, 215 genetics and behavior 6:99 Sexual selection Darwin, Charles 4:11 Sexuality Abraham, Karl 1:2 Freud, Sigmund 6:4, 8 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13.2 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:13, 14 Reich, Wilhelm 13:397 Shackle, G. L. S. profit 12:550 Shadow prices Barone, Enrico 2:18 planning, development 12:121 pricing policies 12:463 Shadows in the Sun (Oliver) social science fiction 14:476 Shafi'i alIslam 8:208 Shaftesbury, 1st Earl of (Cooper, Anthony Ashley) Locke, John 9:465 Shaka (Zulu king) sub-Saharan Africa 1:149 Shakespeare, William equality as an ideal 5:109 literature, psychology of 9:428 propaganda 12:580 Shakti: see Sakti Shamanism Bartol'd, Vasilii 13:304 Indians, North American 7:184, 188
385
Radlov, Vasilii 13:304 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:438, 440 Shang dynasty Chinese society 2:409, 410 historiography, Chinese 6:400 SHANG YANG 14:233 Chinese political thought 2:402 Shanidar Cave archeology: research methods 1:387 domestication, animal 4:253 Shannon, Claude E cybernetics 4:4 information theory 7:331, 333, 334 Shannon, Ira L. stress 15:340 Shapiro, S. S. goodness of fit 6:205 Shapley, L. S. coalitions 2:526, 532 economic equilibrium 4:384 Sharecroppers agricultural tenancy 8:567 Shari'ah Islam 8:212, 213, 214 Shaw, George Bernard socialist economic thought 4:448 Sheckley, Robert social science fiction 14:477 Sheep domestication, animal 4:253 Sheldon, William H. Kretschmer, Ernst 8:451 personality 11:601 physical anthropology 12:88 psychology, constitutional 13:68, 71 Shelley, Percy Bysshe pacifism 11:354 Sheppard correction statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:194 Sherif, Carolyn W. group formation 6:278, 281 Sherif, Muzafer attitude change 1:461 conformity 3:253, 254 cooperation 3:388 group formation 6:276, 278, 281 leadership: psychological aspects 9:91, 92
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
386
Sherman Act
race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:281 suggestion 15:373 Sherman Act (U.S. 1890) antitrust legislation 1:350 competition 3:185 SHERRINGTON, C. S. 14:233-235 pain 11:361 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:302 Shevky, E. neighborhood 11:122 Shewhart, Walter A. quality control, statistical: process control 13:231, 232 Shi'ah Islam 8:209 Shifting cultivation agriculture: comparative technology 1:202 Shik-kh'ai, Yuan Chinese society 2:414 Shils, Edward Anglo-American society 1:297 ideology and the social system 7:84 integration, social 7:383 social movements 14:448 sociology 15:14 Shingon Buddhism 2:180 Shinran Buddhism 2:181 Shintoism historiography, Japanese 6:418 Shiva: see Siva Shoben, Edward J., Jr. self concept 14:151 Shock, Electroconvulsive: see Electroconvulsive shock Shock therapy psychosis 13:132 somatic treatment 10:195, 202 Shoen feudalism 5:399 Shogun feudalism 5:399 Japanese society 8:238 Shona religious specialists: anthropological study 13:441 Short, James F., Jr. homicide 3:493 status, social 15:253 suicide: social aspects 15:382
INDEX Short run competition 3:183 income and employment theory 7:128 Marshall, Alfred 10:27 Shoshone Indians 7:188, 189 Shotoku Buddhism 2:179 Shotwell, James T. Robinson, James Harvey 13:534 Shubik, Martin economic equilibrium 4:384 oligopoly 11:287 Shudra Indian caste system 2:339 Shugo feudalism 5:399 Siane economic anthropology 4:362 stateless society 15:163, 165 Siblings delinquency: sociological aspects 4:81 personality development 11:613 socialization: psychological aspects 14:542 Sicily civil disobedience 2:481 social movements 14:447 SIDGWICK, HENRY 14:235-236 parapsychology 11:397 Pigou, Arthur Cecil 12:92 Sidman, Murray avoidance learning 9:151 Sidowski, Joseph B. social psychology 14:471 Siegel, Bernard J. paternalism 11:472 Siegel, Paul S. statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:190 Siegel, Sidney decision making: psychological aspects 4:36 SIEGFRIED, ANDRE 14:236-238 Sierra Leone voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:359 Siffre. Michel time: psychological aspects 16:27. 28
Sigalovada Sutta Buddhism 2:169 Sigmoid curve quantal response 13:238 Sign test errors in statistical assumptions 5:134, 135 linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:343 nonparametric statistics 11:178 statistics 15:215 Signals attention 1:447 communication, animal: communication models and signaling behavior 3:37 hearing 6:337 reaction time 13:331, 332 semantics and semiotics 14:167 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:615 SIGNIFICANCE, TESTS OF 14:238250 Fisher, R. A. 5:487 hypothesis testing 7:42 linear hypotheses: regression 9:318, 319 order statistics 11:189 quasi-experimental design 5:262 survey analysis 15:418 time series 16:49, 51 time series: advanced problems 16:65 Significance level hypothesis testing 7:44 linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:337 nonparametric statistics 11:178 significance, tests of 14:239, 240, 245 Significance of the Frontier in American History, The (Turner) 16:169 Signs interaction, symbolic 7:444 language and culture 9:19 Saussure, Ferdinand de 14:19 semantics and semiotics 14:164 Sikhism Hinduism 6:361 Sills, David L. organizational goals 11:308
fCAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Siriono
INDEX voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:370, 372 Silone, Ignazio literature: political fiction 9:435 Silver Mun, Thomas 10:560 price history 12:474 SIMIAND, FRANQOIS 14:250-251 Similarity (psychology) discrimination learning 9:144, 145 transfer learning 9:170 verbal learning 9:164 Simmel, Ernst mental disorders, treatment of: the therapeutic community 10:210 SIMMEL, GEORG 14:251-258 Bentley, Arthur F. 2:61 coalitions 2:530 conflict: social aspects 3:232 cross pressure 3:520 fashion 5:342 groups 6:259 interaction, social 7:435 interaction: social exchange 7:452 leadership: sociological aspects 9:104 society 14:582 typologies 16:183 Weber, Max 16:494 Simon, Charles W. sleep 14:317 Simon, Herbert A. aggregation 1:166 Barnard, Chester I. 2:13 decision making: political aspects 4:56 geography, statistical 6:148 organizations 11:302 public administration 13:149, 155 rank-size relations 13:321 size distributions in economics 14:296 survey analysis 15:417 SIMONDE DE SISMONDI, J. C. L. 14:258-260 Simoneit, Max personality measurement: situational tests 12:50 SIMONS, HENRY C. 14:260-262 laissez-faire 8:548
Simple estimators statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:194 Simple family statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:188 Simple hypotheses goodness of fit 6:199 hypothesis testing 7:41 Simple summation method: see Centroid method Simplex method programming 12:554, 560 Simplex tableau programming 12:555 SIMULATION 14:262-281 INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR 14:262-268 ECONOMIC PROCESSES 14:268-274 POLITICAL PROCESSES 14:274-281
administrative behavior 1: 78 business management 2:255 computation 3:192, 193 concept formation 3:210 crisis 3:512 cybernetics 4:4 decision making: political aspects 4:60 econometric models, aggregate 4:349 econometrics 4:355 economic data 4:366 Hovland, Carl I. 6:529 international relations 8:64 international relations: psychological aspects 8:80 personality measurement: situational tests 12:50 quality control: reliability and life testing 13:235 queues 13:259 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:87 systems analysis, international 15:483 Simulation, Computer Wiener, Norbert 16:546 Simulmatics Corporation simulation: political processes 14:277
387
SIMULTANEOUS EQUATION ESTIMATION 14:281-294 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:108 econometrics 4:359 Girshick, Meyer A. 6:192 time series 16:48 Simultaneous equations model statistical identifiability 15:202 Simultaneous least squares estimation 14:289 Sin Christianity 2:427 Sinclair, John social research, early history of 15:41 Singapore population distribution 12:372 socialism 14:530 Singer, D. humor 7:5 Singer, Jerome L. fantasy 5:331 Single sample problems (one-sample problems ) nonparametric statistics 11:176 Single sample tests significance, tests of 14:242 Single sampling plan quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:226 Single tax: see Site value tax (single tax) Single transferable vote electoral systems 5:15 Singspiel music and society 10:569 Singular distributions multivariate analysis 10:529 Sinhalese magic 9:524 Sino-Japanese War 2:415 Sino-Soviet Bloc foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 Sino-Soviet dispute communism, international 3:119, 123, 125, 128 communism, national 3:114 Siouan language 7:194, 196 Sioux Indians 7:193 Siriono stateless society 15:162
{"CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
388
Sismondi, J . C . L. Simonde de
Sismondi, J. C. L. Simonde de: see Simonde de Sismondi Sit-in movement civil disobedience 2:482 constitutional law: civil rights 3:315 Site value tax (single tax) George, Henry 6:154 land reform 8:571 property taxes 15:549 Situational tests 12:48 Siva Hinduism 6:360 Six Bookes of a Commonweale, The (Bodin) 2:110 so verei gn ty 15:78 Six Characters in Search of an Author (Pirandello) 9:437 Six Culture Project socialization: anthropological aspects 14:549 Sixteen Personality Factor Scales personality inventories 12:38 traits 16:126 SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS IN ECONOMICS 14:295-300 econometrics 4:358 income distribution: functional share 7:132 income distribution: size 7:145 industrial concentration 7:219 Size principle coalitions 2:526 Sjahrir, Sutan socialism 14:529, 530 Sjoberg, Gideon community-society continua 3:178 Sketch for a Historical Picture of the Progress of the Human Mind (Condorcet) 3:214 Skewed distributions distributions, special discrete 4:221 rank-size relations 13:319 statistical method, history of 15:225 Skewness errors in statistical assumptions 5:134 Skid row drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:272 homelessness 6:497
Skill, Acquisition of 9:173 aging: psychological aspects 1:181 Bartlett, F. C. 2:20 capital, human 2:279, 284 education and society 4:517 information theory 7:335 learning 9:116 learning theory 9:196 reading disabilities 13:336 reinforcement 9:140 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:373 wages 16:407 Skilled workers productivity 12:533 wages 16:408, 410 Skills aging: social aspects 1:186 automation 1:484 labor relations: developing countries 8:511 planning, development 12:120 productivity 12:533 specialization and exchange 15:111 stratification, social: the structure of stratification systems 15:329 see also Skills, Acquisition of SKIN SENSES AND KINESTHESIS 14:300-307 infant development 7:276 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:143 pain 11:361 senses 14:173 Skinner, B. F. attitude change 1:460 behavior therapy 10:190 instrumental learning 9:131, 132 language, psychology of 9:3 motivation, human 10:516 programmed learning 9:182 reinforcement 9:136 social science fiction 14:479 socialization: psychological aspects 14:536 statistics 15:210, 218, 220 Skinner, G. William Chinese society 2:411 Skinner box learning 9:116 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:152
INDEX Slater, Philip E. group behavior 6:272 groups: role structure 6:285 religion, sociology of 13:411 Slave Power, The (Cairnes) 2:257 Slave Trade, The (Carey) 2:305 SLAVERY 14:307-313 achievement motivation 1:31 Caribbean society 2:306, 309, 310, 311, 315 constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:304 economic history 6:470 international crimes 7:516 internment and custody 8:142 labor force 8:470 manorial economy 9:563 migration: economic aspects 10:293 Montesquieu 10:475 national wealth: estimation 11:56 natural rights 11:86 race relations: world perspectives 13:270 social class 15:300 socialist economic thought 4:449 Southeast Asia 1:425, 426 sub-Saharan Africa 1:150 urban revolution 16:204 war 16:470 see also Forced labor Slavophilism pan movements 11:366 SLEEP 14:313-319 Claparede, Edouard 2:501 dreams 4:258, 259, 260 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:151 nervous system: electroencephalography 11:158 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:149 Sleep therapy 14:318 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:201 Slichter, Sumner industrialization: economic aspects 7:262 Sliding scale Brandeis, Louis Dembitz 2:143 Sliosberg, Sarah Lewin, Kurt 9:267
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"j j_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers.J
393
INDEX Slippage test linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:339, 349 Slums drug addiction: social aspects 4:301, 302 housing: economic aspects 6:524 housing: social aspects 6:518, 519 SLUTSKY, EUGEN 14:319-320 statistical method, history of 15:231 utility 16:253 Slutsky's relation 14:319 SMALL, ALBION W. 14:320-322 Marxist sociology 10:49 Ratzenhofer, Gustav 13:329 sociology 15:18 Small, W. S. stimulation drives 15:266 Small groups attitude change 1:459 community power 3:160 content analysis 3:372 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:423 friendship 6:14 group psychotherapy 10:187 groups 6:259 interaction, social 7:436 interaction process analysis 7:465 judicial behavior 8:311 psychiatry, social 12:627 religion, sociology of 13:411 Simmel, Georg 14:254 Small industry: see Industry, Small Small sample statistics distributions, special discrete 4:226 Cosset, William Sealy 6:211 order statistics 11:186 Small societies: see Societies, Small Smell brain, structure and function of the 11:136, 148 evolution, human 5:217 infant development 7:276 senses 14:173 taste and smell 15:514 Smelser, Neil J. mass phenomena 10:55 Smiling humor 7:3 infant development 7:279, 281
Smirnov, N. V. goodness of fit 6:203, 204 order statistics 11:184 SMITH, ADAM 14:322-329 agriculture: history 1:220 capital, human 2:278 capitalism 2:294 Carey, Henry C. 2:305 colonialism: economic aspects 3:6, 7 demand and supply 4:96 economic equilibrium 4:376 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:426 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:431 Hildebrand, Bruno 6:357 Hume, David 6:549, 550 laissez-faire 8:546 Lauderdale, James Maitland 9:47 liberalism 9:278 Mandeville, Bernard 9:555 mercantilism 4:436, 440 national income and product accounts 11:20 profit 12:547 public expenditures 13:157 Ricardo, David 13:511 Say, Jean Baptiste 14:23 fol. specialization and exchange 15:111, 112, 114 stagnation 15:138 sympathy and empathy 15:441 tariffs and protectionism 8:116 utility 16:238 value, labor theory of 16:280 Smith, B. Babington random numbers 13:310 Smith, Bruce L. communication, political: international aspects 3:96 Smith, Grafton Elliot Rivers, W. H. R. 13:527 Smith, Gudmund J. W. perception, unconscious 11:580 Smith, M. Brewster attitude change 1:465 mental health 10:217 Smith, Michael G. caste 2:335 ethnic groups 5:170 political anthropolog'y 12:190
aspects Smith, Preserved history, intellectual 6:463^ 1, 242, Smith, Samuel Stanhope race 13:265 sets Smith, Thomas constitutions and constitutic 3:322 Smith, Victor E. demand and supply: econome studies 4:110 ' SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON 14:329-335 McLennan, John Ferguson 9:5i ' pollution 12:336 ritual 13:521 Smithsonian Institution research and development: financ ing social research 13:489 SMOKING 14:335-340 drugs 4:299 epidemiology 5:100 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:621 Smoothing (statistics) time series: advanced problems 16:63 Smuts, Jan civil disobedience 2:479 Snaketown, Arizona archeology: research methods 1:387 Snedecor's F-distributions-. see F-distributions Snellen chart visual defects 16:336, 339 SNOUCK HURGRONJE, CHRISTIAAN 14:340-342 Snyder, Charles R. drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:272 Snyder, Richard C. communication, political: international aspects 3:97 crisis 3:511, 512 decision making: political aspects 4:56 international relations 8:62 Soal, S. G. parapsychology 11:387 Sobel, Milton order statistics 11:187 Socage Southeast Asia 1:425
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indij_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
390
INDEX
Social accounting
Social accounting income distribution: functional share 7:136 regional science 13:387 U.S.S.R. 4:371 Social and Cultural Dynamics (Sorokin) creativity: social aspects 3:446 Social and Economic Council (Netherlands ) labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:529 Social anthropology 1:320, 306 fol., 325 age differentiation 1:157 Bachofen, Johann Jakob 1:493 caste 2:333 conflict 2:236 cultural relativism 3:543 culture 3:527, 528, 531 descent groups 8:401 economic anthropology 4:359 ethnohistory 6:441 ethnology 5:178 family: comparative structure 5:307 Frazer, James George 5:550 functional analysis 6:29 kinship 8:390 McLennan, John Ferguson 9:517 marriage 10:1 Morgan, Lewis Henry 10:496 Nadel, S. F. 11:1 Oceanian society 11:265 peasantry 11:509 pseudo-kinship 8:408 Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 13:288 religion 13:402 religious specialists 13:437 Rivers, W. H. R. 13:526 societies, small 14:572 sociological thought 15:31 South Asia 1:413, 415, 422 time 16:30 tribal society 16:146 typologies 16:184 voluntary associations 16:357, 358 SOCIAL BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL 14:342-365 THE FIELD 14:342-351 PRIMATE BEHAVIOR 14:351-360
THE REGULATION OF ANIMAL POPULATIONS 14:360-365
communication, animal: communication models and signaling behavior 3:33 communication, animal: social and psychological analysis 3:29 Darwin, Charles 4:11 ethology 5:186 evolution, human 5:219 imprinting 7:109 fol. instinct 7:367 pastoralism 11:455 property 12:590 psychology, comparative 13:57 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:210 Social benefits: see External economies and diseconomies; Public expenditures; Welfare economics Social capital: see Capital, Social SOCIAL CHANGE 14:365-375 agriculture: social organization 1:212 Buber, Martin 2:162 bureaucracy 2:208 cohort analysis 2:548 collective security 2:567 common law systems 9:213 communication, mass 3:41 community development 3:169 community disorganization 3:164 conflict: social aspects 3:234 consensus 3:265 conservatism 3:293 constitutional law 3:298 creativity: social aspects 3:454 culture and personality 3:562 culture change 3:554 disasters 4:206 Durkheim, Emile 4:318 ecology 4:334 economic growth 4:400, 401 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:422 economy and society 4:504 education and society 4:520, 521 educational systems 4:512 empires 5:47 ethical systems and social structures 5:160 evaluation research 5:200
evolution, cultural 5:224 evolution, social 5:228, 230 fashion 5:343 field theory 5:413 generations 6:90 generations, political 6:93, 94 geography, political 6:117 history, business 6:474 history, social 6:456 Hobhouse, L. T. 6:487 ideology and the social system 7:80 industrialization: social aspects 7:264, 268 innovation 7:339 intellectuals 7:412 interaction: social exchange 7:457 interpersonal influence 4:182 Islamic countries 11:98, 100 law, sociology of 9:56 Le Play, Frederic 9:87 Maclver, Robert M. 9:514 magic 9:526 Marxist sociology 10:47 millenarism 10:356 minorities 10:369 modernization: social aspects 10:386 fol. occupations and careers 11:250 Ogburn, William Fielding 11:278, 279, 280 organizations 11:311, 338 panel studies 11:371 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:414 Plato 12:162 political behavior 12:210 political sociology 12:304 prejudice: social discrimination 12:448 propaganda 12:583 Redfield, Robert 13:352 refugees: adjustment and assimilation 13:375 religious specialists: sociological study 13:450 revolution 13:501 rural society 13:583, 585 social class 15:297, 302, 307, 313 social institutions 14:415, 417, 418 social movements 14:440, 445, 446 social structure 14:485 sociological thought 15:25, 29, 31, 35
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| |_cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers.J
Social Contract
INDEX Sorokin, Pitirim A. 15:62 South Asia 1:416, 421 Southeast Asia 1:427, 434 South American society 15:68, 71 technical assistance 15:573 Thomas, W. I. 16:3, 4 Thurnwald, Richard 16:21 time: social organization 16:41 tribal society 16:147 Veblen, Thorstein 16:304 village 16:322 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 15:360 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:375 Worms, Rene 16:580 Social class 15:296 aging: psychological aspects 1:178 alienation 1:266 Anglo-American society 1:291, 294 Booth, Charles 2:124 bureaucracy 2:213 caste 2:333 class culture 15:332 communication, mass: audiences 3:77 community power 3:160 commutation 16:142 Cooley, Charles H. 3:380 cross pressure 3:520 delinquency 4:77, 78, 79 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:90 dictatorship 4:166 Durkheim, Emile 4:315 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:427 education and society 4: 522 elites 5:26 Engels, Friedrich 5:67 ethnic groups 5:169 family: comparative structure 5:311 feudalism 5:398 Halevy, Elie 6:309 history, social 6:461 homosexuality 14:229 honor 6:510 housing: social aspects 6:519 identification, political 7:58 income distribution: functional share 7:132 intellectuals 7:401
international relations: ideological aspects 8:73 knowledge, sociology of 8:428, 429 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:532 labor relations: developing countries 8:514 Mannheim, Karl 9:558 Markov chains 9:582 Marxism 10:41 Marxist sociology 10:47, 50 mass society 10:59 medical care: social aspects 10:94 mental disorders: epidemiology 10:153 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222 mental retardation 10:245 Mexico 9:41 Middle American society 10:282 modern society, anthropological study of 1:332, 333 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 12:46 modernization: the bourgeoisie 10:402 fol. moral development 10:491 national socialism 11:46 national wealth: distribution 11:61 North African society 1:130 obesity 11:228 Oceanian society 11:263 oligarchy 11:282 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:313 philanthropy 12:78 physiocratic thought 4:444 planning, regional and urban 12:133 Plato 12:161 political clubs 12:216 population 12:344 poverty 12:399 prostitution 12:593 punishment 13:221 Quesnay, Francois 13:245 religious observance 13:424 revolution 13:503 Schmoller, Gustav 14:60 sects and cults 14:132 segregation 14:145
391
sexual deviation: social aspects 14:218 smoking 14:336 social class, measurement of 15:316 social control 14:389 social differentiation 14:408 social mobility 14:430 social movements 14:443 social research, history of 15:44, 45 social work 14:497 socialism 14:508, 511, 523, 529 socialist economic thought 4:449 socialization, political 14:552 Sombart, Werner 15:58 stratification, social 15:289, 290 Thompson, William 16:7 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:92 Trotsky, Leon 16:156 universities 16:196 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:220 utilitarianism 16:231 Veblen, Thorstein 16:304 voting 16:392 Ward, Lester F. 16:475 Weber, Max 16:498 workers 16:571 see also Lower class; Middle class; Status, Social; Upper class; Working class Social Class in America (Warner, Meeker, and Eells) modern society, anthropological study of 1:332 Social cohesion: see Cohesion, Social SOCIAL CONTRACT 14:376-381 civil disobedience 2:476 consensus 3:267 federalism 5:354 general will 6:86 Indian political thought 7:171 Locke, John 9:467 natural rights 11:88 Proudhon, Pierre Joseph 12:606 Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:566 sociology 15:1 systems analysis, social 15:465 tribal society 16:146 utilitarianism 16:230, 231 Vattel, Emer de 16:301
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
392
INDEX
Social Contract, The
Social Contract, The (Rousseau) 13:566 general will 6:86 history, intellectual 6:466 internment and custody 8:140 social contract 14:379 SOCIAL CONTROL 14:381-402 THE CONCEPT 14:381-396 ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS 14:396402 capital punishment 2:290 charisma 2:386 collective behavior 2:558, 563 communication, mass 3:51 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:60 community development 3:171 Cooley, Charles H. 3:380 crime, white-collar 3:484 dictatorship 4:161, 164 ethical issues in the social sciences 5:165 folklore 5:498 freedom 5:555 gambling 6:59 gilds 6:184, 185 ideology and the social system 7:83 illness 7:92 incest 7:115 interaction, symbolic 7:444 judicial process: comparative aspects 8:292, 295 law: the legal system 9:61 Le Play, Frederic 9:86 medical personnel: physicians 10:110, 112 planning, welfare 12:145 police 12:175 propaganda 12:587 punishment 13:218 religion, sociology of 13:413 Ross, Edward A. 13:561 rules of the game 13:575 sanctions 14:1 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:203, 204 social problems 14:457 socialization, adult 14:561 sub-Saharan Africa 1:151 suicide: psychological aspects 15:393
Sumner, William Graham 15:408 Thomas, W. I. 16:3 transportation: social aspects 16:132 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:361 Social Control (Ross) 13:561 sympathy and empathy 15:442 Social costs: see External economies and diseconomies SOCIAL DARWINISM 14:402-406 Bagehot, Walter 1:501 cooperation 3:387 Darwin, Charles 4:12 evolution, cultural 5:224 geography, statistical 6:147 international relations: ideological aspects 8:73 Kropotkin, P'etr 8:463 laissez-faire 8 -. 548 Ratzenhofer, Gustav 13:329 Spencer, Herbert 15:126 Sumner, William Graham 15:406 utilitarianism 16:232 Social democracy 4:113 socialist economic thought 4:451 Social Democratic Party (Germany) Bernstein, Eduard 2:68, 69 Kautsky, Karl 8:356 Michels, Robert 10:266 socialism 14:509, 510, 511, 524 Social Democrats (Sweden) electoral systems 5:14 Social Desirability Scale motivation, human 10:519 personality measurement: inventories 12:39 Social Development (Hobhouse) 6:487 SOCIAL DIFFERENTIATION 14: 406-409 attitudes 1:452, 459 Bernstein, Eduard 2:68 caste 2:337 Durkheim, Emile 4:315 ecology, human 4:332 elites 5:26 ethnic groups 5:171 evolution, social 5:229 interaction, social 7:430 mass society 10:63 science, sociology of 14:94, 96 segregation 14:145
Simmel, Georg 14:254 social class 15:305 social institutions: comparative study 14:423, 425, 427 stratification, social 15:289 systems analysis, social 15:461, 468, 472 Social discrimination: see Discrimination, Social Social disorganization: see Disorganization, Social Social distance privacy 12:481 segregation 14:144 Smith, Adam 14:325 Social-emotional role groups: role structure 6:285 Social evolution 5:228 anthropology, comparative method in 1:342 Bagehot, Walter 1:502 Childe, V. Gordon 2:393 community-society continua 3:176 Gumplowicz, Ludwig 6:294 hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:22 McLennan, John Ferguson 9:517 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:530, 531 Mead, George Herbert 10:84 Morgan, Lewis Henry 10:496, 497 nativism and revivalism 11:77 Ogburn, William Fielding 11:279 Radlov, Vasilii 13:304 Ratzenhofer, Gustav 13:329 religion, sociology of 13:413 Saint-Simon 13:592 social change 14:367, 370 social Darwinism 14:402 society 14:581 Spencer, Herbert 15:121 Sumner, William Graham 15:408 Tonnies, Ferdinand 16:101 Veblen, Thorstein 16:305 Ward, Lester F. 16:474, 475 see also Cultural evolution; Social Darwinism Social Evolution (Childe) 2:393 Social exchange: see Exchange, Social Social geography 6:134 city 2:468 Social history 6:455 Barnes, Harry Elmer 2:14
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Social mobility
INDEX Bloch, Marc 2:92 Febvre, Lucien 5:349 historiography, Islamic 6:411 history and the social sciences 6:434, 435, 436, 439 Huizinga, Johan 6:533 Kautsky, Karl 8:357 Lamprecht, Karl 8:549 Macaulay, Thomas Babington 9:499 millenarism 10:349 Pirenne, Henri 12:99 Spencer, Herbert 15:123 Voltaire 16:355 SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS 14:409-429 THE CONCEPT 14:409-421 COMPARATIVE STUDY 14:421-429
civil-military relations 2:488 conservation: economic aspects 3:287 Cooley, Charles H. 3:380 creativity: social aspects 3:443 culture 3:535 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:428 evolution, social 5:229 friendship 6:13 Hauriou, Maurice 6:327 intellectuals 7:402 Israel 11:106 Judd, Charles H. 8:282 law and legal institutions 9:74, 76 legal systems 9:62 Luther, Martin 9:495 modernization: social aspects 10:392 probation and parole 11:522 social control 14:384 sociological thought 15:26, 32, 33 sociology 15:1, 5 South American society 15:69 Spencer, Herbert 15:125 structural-functional analysis 6:27 Veblen, Thorstein 16:304 voluntary associations 16:367 Social insurance (social security) administrative law 1:81 aging: economic aspects 1:198, 199 fringe benefits 16:425, 426 pension funds 11:523 stratification, social 15:328
unemployment insurance 16:188 welfare state 16:515, 517 workmen's compensation 16:572 Social insurance markup communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:148 Social integration 7:380 aging 1:187, 194 agriculture: social organization 1:214 assimilation 1:442 conflict: political aspects 3:226 creativity: social aspects 3:453 drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:270 Durkheim, Emile 4:318 educational systems 4:512 evolution, social 5:229 Follett, Mary Parker 5:501 functional analysis 6:34, 37 interaction, social 7:437 Middle American society 10:273 political science 12:285 sanctions 14:4 Sorokin, Pitirim A. 15:62 South American society 15:70 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 46:373, 374 Social interaction 7:429 adolescence 1:91 caste 2:334, 338 conflict: social aspects 3:232 content analysis 3:372 cooperation 3:388 culture 3:550 developmental psychology 4:147 group behavior 6:269, 272 group formation 6:277, 282 group psychotherapy 10:188 groups 6:259 homosexuality 14:231 housing: social aspects 6:519 infant development 7:283 integration, global 7:529 interaction: social exchange 7:452 interaction and personality 7:458 international relations: psychological aspects 8:80 interviewing: personality appraisal 8:167 interviewing, therapeutic 8:172 language development 9:13
393
leadership: psychological aspects 9:95 mental retardation 10:241, 242, 243 modernization: social aspects 10:393 moral development 10:491 Park, Robert E. 11:417 personality 11:599 political science 12:284, 285, 286, 294 reason analysis 13:339 role: sociological aspects 13:552, 553 rumor 13:578 self concept 14:150, 152, 154 Simmel, Georg 14:255, 256 social class 15:302 social institutions 14:412 social problems 14:457 social psychology 14:463, 470 social structural analysis 14:491 sociological thought 15:26, 31 sociology 15:1 speech community 9:384, 386 status, social 15:282 suicide: social aspects 15:380 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:398 systems analysis, social 15:459 Tarde, Gabriel 15:510 utilitarianism 16:234 workers 16:568 see also Symbolic interaction Social Learning and Imitation (Miller & Bollard) imitation 7:96 Social mathematics Condorcet 3:214 SOCIAL MOBILITY 14:429-438 caste 2:335, 338 dictatorship 4:166 economy and society 4:504 educational systems 4:511 elites 5:28 evolution 5:208 fertility 5:381 Indian caste system 2:341 Japanese society 8:242 Markov chains 9:582 mental disorders: epidemiology 10:153
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
394
INDEX
Social movements
mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:224 Middle American society 10:282 modernization: social aspects 10:392 reference groups 13:356 religious observance 13:424 science, sociology of 14:96 social change 14:369 social class 15:302 social control 14:389 social institutions 14:418 social work 14:497 societies, small 14:575 Sorokin, Pitirim A. 15:63 stratification, social 15:295 time: social organization 16:39, 41 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:92 workers 16:571 SOCIAL MOVEMENTS 14:438-452 TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL MOVEMENTS 14:438-444 THE STUDY OF SOCIAL MOVEMENTS 14:445-452
Black Muslims 1:440 Chinese society 2:414 Christianity 2:438 civil disobedience 2:479 collective behavior 2:564 constitutional law: civil rights 3:315 falangism 5:288 fascism 5:334 generation, political 6:93 ideology 7:71 mass phenomena 10:56, 57 mass society 10:60 millenarism 10:351 nationalism 11:63 nativism and revivalism 11:75 pan movements 11:365 peace 11:494 penology 11:514 radicalism 13:296 revolution 13:501 sects and cults 14:132 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:205 socialism 14:506 Southeast Asia 1:434 Veblen, Thorstein 16:303 voluntarv associations 16:367
Zionism 16:593 see also Millenarism; Nativistic movements; Revitalization movements Social norms: see Norms Social observations 11:232 gestalt theory 6:172 field work 5:419 personality measurement 12:31, 33 political behavior 12:209 psychiatry 12:610 psychology, existential 13:82 Social order 15:23 fol. Burke, Edmund 2:222, 225 conservatism 3:293 culture and personality 3:560 geography, social 6:135, 139 intellectuals 6:409 Sumner, William Graham 15:406 Vattel, Emer de 16:301 Whitehead, Alfred North 16:535 Social organization 14:581 agriculture: social organization 1:208 caste 2:335 coalitions 2:533 crafts 3:431 cultural adaptation 3:551, 552 drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:269 ecology 4:341 federalism 5:353 food: consumption patterns 5:510 marriage: family formation 10:3 Middle American society 10:278 military 10:305 peace 11:488 planning, resource 12:140 rural society 13:583 Saint-Simon 13:592 social behavior, animal 14:343, 349 social behavior, primate 14:353, 358 social institutions 14:409 sociological thought 15:29 sociology 15:1 Thomas, W. I. 16:4 time 16:30 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:219 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:360
Social Organization (Cooley) 3:380 Social Organization (Rivers) family: comparative structure 5:312 Social overhead capital: see Capital, Social overhead Social pathology social problems 14:455 Social perception 11:533, 567 Lewin, Kurt 9:268 Mead, George Herbert 10:85 pain 11:357 reference groups 13:358, 359 social psychology 14:462 see also Person perception Social physics geography, statistical 6:148 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:249, 251 regional science 13:384 Social planning: see Planning, Social SOCIAL PROBLEMS 14:452-459 for classified list of articles on SOCIAL PROBLEMS see volume 17 page 102 Social Process (Cooley) 3:380 Social processes: see Processes, Social Social psychiatry 12:622 clinical psychology 2:513 cohesion, social 2:544 group psychotherapy 10:185 mental health 10:218 psychiatry 12:612 psychiatry, child 12:618 sociology 15:4 therapeutic community 10:207 SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 14:459-473 Allport, Floyd H. 1:271 attitudes 1:449, 458 Bain, Alexander 1:504 coalition formation 2:533 cohesion, social 2:543 collective behavior 2:556 communication, mass: effects 3;81 conformity 3:253 Cooley, Charles H. 3:378 crime, causes of 3:474 drinking and alcoholism: psychological aspects 4:266 field theory 5:406, 415 gestalt theory 6:164 groups 6:260 Hovland, Carl I. 6:528 humor 7:1
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. J
INDEX
Social systems
identity, psychosocial 7:61 imitation 7:96 instinct 7:363 interaction, social 7:435 interaction, symbolic 7:441 international relations: psychological aspects 8:75 judicial behavior 8:311 Le Bon, Gustave 9:82 Lewin, Kurt 9:268 McDougall, William 9:502 mass phenomena 10:54 Mead, George Herbert 10:83 perception, social 11:567 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:3 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:21 persuasion 12:55 prejudice 12:439 race relations; social-psychological aspects 13:277 radicalism 13:294 religion: psychological study 13:414 role: psychological aspects 13:546 rumor 13:576 Smith, Adam 14:323 society 14:582 sociological thought 15:35 sociology 15:3, 5 Tarde, Gabriel 15:512 typologies 16:183 for classified list of articles on SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY see volume 17 page 103 Social research, Early history of 15:36 Social research, Financing 13:486 Social research, Methodology: see classified list of articles on METHODOLOGY volume 17 page 94 SOCIAL SCIENCE FICTION 14:473481 Social Science Research Council research and development: financing social research 13:490 Social sciences: see Anthropology; Behavioral sciences; Economics; Geography; History; Law; Political science; Psychiatry; Psychology; Sociology; Statistics
Social security: see Social insurance Social Security Act (U.S. 1935) 1:198 unemployment insurance 16:187 welfare state 16:516 Social Security Administration (U.S.) government statistics 6:234 Social status: see Status, Social Social stratification: see Stratification, Social SOCIAL STRUCTURE 14:482-495 THE HISTORY OF THE CONCEPT
14:482-489 SOCIAL STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 14:489-495
aesthetics 1:118 age differentiation 1:157 Anglo-American society 1:294 Caribbean society 2:312, 314 civil war 7:500 conflict: social aspects 3:233 Cooley, Charles H. 3:380 crime, white-collar 3:488 culture 3:530, 532, 535 culture history 6:454 dictatorship 4:166 engineering 5:71 ethical systems and social structures 5:157 ethnology 5:182 exchange and display 5:240 functional analysis 6:29 history and the social sciences 6:436, 439 hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:23 Indians, North American 7:195, 198 industrialization 7:268 Islamic countries 11:91 Japanese society 8:245 kinship 8:395 leadership 9:102 magic 9:525 Mannheim, Karl 9:559 Middle American society 10:275 myth and symbol 10:576 Nadel, S. F. 11:2 Oceanian society 11:261 political sociology 12:299 population composition 12:369
395
race 13:263 Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 13:289 segregation 14:144, 145 social change 14:367 social institutions 14:414 social mobility 14:437 social movements 14:447 sociology 15:1 stratification, social 15:288 universities 16:195 Ward, Lester F. 16:475 Weber, Max 16:495 Social Structure (Murdock) cultural anthropology 1:312 ethnology 5:182 Social Structure and Anomie (Merton) deviant behavior 4:151 social problems 14:457 Social systems anthropology, comparative method in 1:343 Chinese society 2:408, 411 coalitions 2:533 community-society continua 3:176, 179 conflict: anthropological aspects 3:238 conflict: social aspects 3:235 culture and personality 3:560 deviant behavior 4:154, 148 Durkheim, Emile 4:314 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:423 educational systems 4:510 evolution 5:208 government 6:216 integration, social 7:380 interaction, social 7:432, 434, 436 marriage: family formation 10:1 Marxism 10:41 modernization: social aspects 10:389 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:413, 414, 415 Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 13:287, 288 religion, sociology of 13:410 social change 14:368 social differentiation 14:406 social science fiction 14:475 society 14:583 sociology 15:1, 3 South Asia 1:415 status, social 15:251
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
396
Social welfare
sub-Saharan African society 1:138, 139 systems analysis 15:453 systems analysis, social 15:458 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:218 workers 16:568 Znaniecki, Florian 16:600 Social welfare communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:149 equality 5:107 foundations 5:545 freedom 5:558 income distribution: size 7:146 moral development 10:487 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:414 planning, welfare 12:142 poverty 12:401 taxation 15:524 welfare economics 16:504 workers 16:569 see also Child welfare SOCIAL WORK 14:495-506 clinical psychology 2:513 community development 3:171 planning, welfare 12:149 psychiatry, child 12:618 Rorschach test 12:570 vocational rehabilitation 16:351 SOCIALISM 14:506-534 alienation 1:267 capitalism 2:298, 299, 301 communism, economic organization of 3:132 communism, Soviet 3:103 economics 4:475, 478 Engels, Friedrich 5:64 equality as an ideal 5:110 government 6:218, 227 Heller, Hermann 6:344 Islamic countries 11:97 Israel 11:106 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:524 Laski, Harold J. 9:31 Lenin 9:258 Man, Hendrik de 9:553 Marx, Karl 10:35 Marxism 10:40 fol. Michels, Robert 10:265, 270 Mill, John Stuart 10:344 nationalism 11:64
INDEX nationalization 11:70 peasantry 11:508 poverty 12:400 public expenditures 13:159 radicalism 13:298 Schumpeter, Joseph A. 14:70, 71 social control 14:385 social movements 14:439 state 15:152 Stein, Lorenz von 15:257 totalitarianism 16:111 Trotsky, Leon 16:156 Von Mises, Ludwig 16:380 Wagner, Adolf 16:429 see also Communism; Marxism; Socialist economic thought Socialist-Destour party socialism 14:528 Socialist economic thought 4:446 Barone, Enrico 2:16 Bernstein, Eduard 2:68 Cole, G. D. H. 2:554 Fourier, Charles 5:547 Kautsky, Karl 8:356 Lange, Oskar 8:581 Luxemburg, Rosa 9:496 Marx, Karl 10:35 Owen, Robert 11:351 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:110 Proudhon, Pierre Joseph 12:604 Ricardo, David 13:570 Rodbertus, Johann Karl 13:539 Saint-Simon 13:593 Thompson, William 16:7 Wallas, Graham 16:440 Webb, Sidney and Beatrice 16:490 see also Socialism Socialist International: see International, Second Socialist Party (Burma) 14:530 Socialist Party (Italy) 14:526 Socialist Party (U.S.) 14:508 SOCIALIZATION 14:535-562 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS 14:534-
545 ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASPECTS 14:545-551 POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION 14:551-
555 ADULT SOCIALIZATION 14:555-562
adolescence 1:92
adult education 1:102 authority 1:475 brainwashing 2:138 cohort analysis 2:548 consensus 3:265 culture and personality 3:562 decision making: political aspects 4:58 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:87 drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:270 education and society 4:517 ethnology 5:183 family: comparative structure 5:302, 306, 309 fine arts: the recruitment and socialization of artists 5:447 identification, political 7:59 imprinting 7:109, 112 infant development 7:281 intellectual development 7:389 interaction, social 7:435 interaction, symbolic 7:444 judicial behavior 8:310 legislative behavior 9:241 life cycle 9:288 loyalty 9:485 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:545 Mead, George Herbert 10:86 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222 moral development 10:483 national character 11:18 observation, participant 11:239 occupations and careers 11:252 personality development 11:612 political behavior 12:205 political culture 12:219, 220 political culture 2:219, 220 political recruitment and careers 12:277 reference groups 13:355 role: sociological aspects 13:556 Smith, Adam 14:324 social behavior, animal 14:344 social control 14:393 social control: organizational aspects 14:400 social institutions 14:418 social psychology 14:460 Thomas, W. I. 16:3
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
INDEX
Sociology, Political
Tourville, Henri de 16:113 voting 16:391 SOCIETAL ANALYSIS 14:562-572 anthropology, comparative method in 1:330 area studies 1:401 caste 2:333 communism, international 3:126 democracy 4:113 Indians, North American 7:180 modernization 10:402 Sorokin, Pitirim A. 15:62 Veblen, Thorstein 16:305 see also Society —: Societies: see African society; Anglo-American society; Asian society; Caribbean society; Chinese society; Indian society; Japanese society; Middle American society; Latin American society; Near Eastern society; Oceanian society; South American society Societal history: see Social history SOCIETIES, SMALL 14:572-577 ethnic groups 5:170 SOCIETY 14:577-586 Becker, Howard 2:40 community-society continua 3:174 Comte, Auguste 3:202 conflict 3:232 consensus 3:260 Cooley, Charles H. 3:378 culture 3:527, 531 death and bereavement 4:21 Durkheim, Emile 4:315 economy and society 4:500 evolution 5:228 functional analysis 6:26, 29 geography, social 6:134 integration, cultural 7:373 knowledge, sociology of 8:431 Luther, Martin 9:495 Marxist sociology 10:46 Ortega y Gasset, Jose 11:344 Plato 12:161 political anthropology 12:197 political opinion 13:203 political science 12:286 Proudhon, Pierre Joseph 12:606 Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:563, 564
Simmel, Georg 14:255, 257 social behavior, animal: the regulation of animal populations 14:363 social contract 14:376 social mobility 14:429 social science fiction 14:474 social structure 14:484 socialization, adult 14:556, 559 societal analysis 14:562 societies, small 14:572 sociology 15:1 Spencer, Herbert 15:124 Stein, Lorenz von 15:258 Sumner, William Graham 15:407 sympathy and empathy 15:443 systems analysis 15:458 utopianism 16:267 fol. Ward, Lester F. 16:475 Whitehead, Alfred North 16:533, 534, 535 see also Modern society; Societal analysis; Traditional society; Transitional society Society, Mass: see Mass society Society, Preindustrial: see Preindustrial society Society, Primitive: see Primitive society Society, Rural: see Rural society Society, Stateless: see Stateless society Society, Tribal: see Tribal society Society and economy: see Economy and society Society for Applied Anthropology 1:329 Society for Psychical Research 11:387 Sociogram sociometry 15:54, 55 Sociography social research, history of 15:48 Tonnies, Ferdinand 16:99, 101 Sociological jurisprudence 8:335, 336 Holmes, Oliver Wendell 6:492 society 14:582 SOCIOLOGY 15:1-53 THE FIELD 15:1-23
THE
DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIOLOGI-
CAL THOUGHT 15:23-36
397
THE EARLY HISTORY OF SOCIAL RESEARCH 15:36-53
for classified list of articles on SOCIOLOGY see volume 17 page 104 — : Sociological Aspects of— administrative function 1:67 aging 1:186 attitudes 1:449 behavioral sciences 2:41 commutation 16:140 conflict: 3:232 consensus 3:260 creativity 3:442 crime, causes of 3:471, 474 delinquency 4:81 disasters 4:202 drinking and alcoholism 4:268 drug addiction 4:298 educational organization 4:526 educational systems 4:510 epidemiology 5:98 family: comparative structure 5:305 family: disorganization and dissolution 5:315 fertility 5:376 field work 5:421 friendship 6:12 functional analysis 6:21, 29 housing 6:516 industrialization 7:263 judicial behavior 8:310 judicial process: comparative aspects 8:297 medical care 10:93 migration: social aspects 10:286 modernization 10:386 obesity 11:228 poverty 12:398 prediction 12:418 regional science 13:388 sexual behavior 14:201 social psychology 14:460 suicide 15:375 transportation 16:129 Sociology, Formal: see Formal sociology Sociology, Marxist: see Marxist sociology Sociology, Political: see Political sociology
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
398
INDEX
Sociology of art
Sociology of art: see Art, Sociology of Sociology of knowledge: see Knowledge, Sociology of Sociology of law: see Law, Sociology of Sociology of literature: see Literature, Sociology of Sociology of medicine: see Medical sociology Sociology of religion: see Religion, Sociology of Sociology of science: see Science, Sociology of Sociology of work: see Work, Sociology of SOCIOMETRY 15:53-57 cohesion, social 2:542 group formation 6:276 groups 6:262 industrial and business psychology 7:224 leadership: psychological aspects 9:94 prejudice 12:446 social class, measurement of 15:319 Socrates academic freedom 1:5 authority 1:473 civil disobedience 2:475 national socialism 11:49 Plato 12:160 Sofer, Cyril organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:316 Soft loans foreign aid: economic aspects 5:526 Sohm, Rudolf charisma 2:387 Soil agriculture: comparative technology 1:203, 205 land: classification 8:556 land: economic aspects 8:553 Solal, Lucien communication, mass: control and public policy 3:58 Solidarity communism, international 3:129 community-society continua 3:176 disasters 4:206 Durkheim, Emile 4:314
interaction, social 7:438 social change 14:372 stratification, social 15:330 systems analysis, social 15:461, 466 war 16:455 Solow, Robert M. distributed lags 4:215 economic growth 4:411, 413, 414 income distribution: functional share 7:139 profit 12:550 Solterer, J. runs 11:190 Solutrean culture Breuil, Henri 2:151 Solvay Sociological Institute, The applied anthropology 1:327 Somali (people) tribal society 16:148 Somaliland trusteeship 16:161 Somatic motor nervous system nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:134 Somatic treatment 10:193 drinking and alcoholism: psychological aspects 4:267 drug addiction: social aspects 4:302 electroconvulsive shock 5:21 schizophrenia 14:47 sleep 14:318 Somatosensory cortex skin senses and kinesthesis 14:305 Somatotypes personality 11:601 psychology, constitutional 13:68, 71 SOMBART, WERNER 15:57-59 capitalism 2:298 Some Leading Principles of Political Economy Newly Expounded (Cairnes) 2:258 Some Reflections on Syndicalism (Simons) 14:261 Songs ethnomusicology 10:565 music and society 10:566 Sons of Liberty voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:367
S-O-R paradigm social psychology 14:460 Sorauf, Frank J. public interest 13:172 Sorcery magic 9:523 SOREL, GEORGES 15:60-61 anarchism 1:284 community disorganization 3:167 Marx, Karl 10:37 Marxist sociology 10:48 syndicalism 15:447, 448 SOROKIN, PITIR1M A. 15:61-64 content analysis 3:374 creativity: social aspects 3:446 integration, cultural 7:373, 375 integration, social 7:381 knowledge, sociology of 8:432 rural society 13:580 sociology 15:10 time budgets 16:43 typologies 16:184 Sororate marriage: comparative analysis 10:14 Sorre, Maximilien geography, social 6:137, 140, 142 Soul natural law 11:81 religion: anthropological study 13:399 Sound change: see Phonetic change South Africa, Republic of academic freedom 1:9 assimilation 1:440 Christianity 2:441 civil disobedience 2:479, 480 economic growth 4:403 ethnic groups 5:169 housing: economic aspects 6:522 literacy 9:413 migration: economic aspects 10:294 national wealth: estimation 11:58 prejudice: social discrimination 12:450 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:278 race relations: world perspectives 13:271, 273 segregation 14:145 trusteeship 16:161
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Spearman-Broiun formula
SOUTH AMERICAN SOCIETY 15:64-77 administrative law 1:80 caudillismo 2:347 hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:19 literacy 9:413, 414 morality 10:499 mortality 10:503 Nordenskiold, Erland 11:203 population distribution 12:372 Rivet, Paul 13:529 societal analysis 14:569 universities 16:197 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:208 fol. see also Latin American society South Asian society 1:412 academic freedom 1: 9 Hinduism 6:358 historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:420 Islam 8:203 neutralism and nonalignment 11:170 population growth 12:380 pseudo-kinship 8:410 socialism 14:529 societal analysis 14:569 Southeast Asian society 1:423 agriculture: comparative technology 1:204 assimilation 1:442 Buddhism 2:173, 182 Chinese society 2:424 communism, international 3:122 domestication, animal 4:253 food: world problems 5:503 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:522 Hinduism 6:358 historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:420 Islam 8:203 neutralism and nonalignment 11:170 peasantry 11:505 socialism 14:529 Southeast culture area Indians, North American 7:196 Southern Christian Leadership Conference civil disobedience 2:482
race relations: world perspectives 13:275 Southern Politics in State and Nation
(Key) 8:367 Southwest culture area Indians, North American 7:190 SOVEREIGNTY 15:77-82 Bodin, Jean 2:111 federalism 5:353 government 6:215 Hobbes, Thomas 6:484 international law 7:548, 549 international politics 8:52 international trade 8:83 Mcllwain, Charles H. 9:512 Marsilius of Padua 10:33 natural rights 11:87, 88 pluralism 12:166, 167 political opinion 13:199 political theory 12:315 representational systems 13:466 Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:566, 568 social contract 14:380 space, outer: political and legal aspects 15:85 state 15:145, 150 Suarez, Francisco 15:362 utilitarianism 16:231 Vattel, Emer de 16:301 Soviet Sociological Association 15:20 Soviet Union: see Union of Soviet Socialist Republics SPACE, OUTER 15:82-95 POLITICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS 15:82-86 SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS 15:86-95 Space Merchants, The (Pohl and
Kornbluth) 14:478 Spain academic freedom 1:8 anti-Semitism 1:346 Caribbean society 2:307 caudillismo 2:347 colonialism: economic aspects 3:9 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:55, 56, 58 falangism 5:288 federalism 5:355, 362 government 6:221, 222 honor 6:510
399
literacy 9:413 local government 9:455 migration: economic aspects 10:294 nuptiality 11:225 population composition 12:367 price history 12:473, 474, 475 pseudo-kinship 8:411 sales and excise taxes 15:551 syndicalism 15:449 war 16:457, 458 Spanish-American War 16:458 Spanish language linguistics, historical 9:375 Spatial discrimination skin senses and kinesthesis 14:302 SPATIAL ECONOMICS 15:95-108 THE PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM APPROACH 15:95-100 THE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM APPROACH 15:100-108
econometrics 4:354 land: economic aspects 8:554 regional science 13:382 specialization and exchange 15:114 Thiinen, Johann Heinrich von 16:17 transportation: social aspects 16:132 wages 16:411 Spatial interaction area 1:400 Spatial studies geography, cultural 6:131 geography, statistical 6:146 Spaying sexual behavior, animal 14:197 SPEARMAN, C. E. 15:108-111 Binet, Alfred 2:76 factor analysis: psychological applications 5:281, 284 factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:276 intelligence and intelligence testing 7 -. 422 multivariate analysis: correlation 10:538, 546, 547 quantal response 13:239 Thurstone, L. L. 16:23 Spearman-Brown formula psychometrics 13:103
M^Arii/vL j.ivttb indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI CAPITAL L.JLi LETTERS indi-"| [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. ibers. I
400
INDEX
Spearman-Karber method
Spearman-Karber method quantal response 13:239, 242 Spearman's "g" Spearman, C. E. 15:109 Spearman's rank correlation coefficient 11:200 Spearman's two-factor model scaling 14:38 Special drawing rights international monetary economics 8:25 Special Fund (U.N.) international organization: financing 8:49 Special Operations Research Organization military psychology 10:336 Specialization 15:111 agriculture 1:207, 232, 240 agriculture: productivity and technology 1:247 anthropology 1:307 ecology 4:342 economics 4:476 economies of scale 4:492 educational organization 4:530 educational psychology 4:536 ethnic groups 5:171 evolution, social 5:229 groups: role structure 6:285 industrialization: economic aspects 7:252 industrialization: social aspects 7:268 industry, small 7:273 internal trade 7:493 international trade: mathematical theory 8:96, 98 international trade: patterns of trade 8:110, 111 legal system 9:62 medical personnel: physicians 10:107 occupations and careers 11:246 Oceanian society 11:258 organizational intelligence 11:320, 322, 325 political culture 12:221 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:437 science, sociology of 14:94 social change 14:372
social institutions: comparative study 14:423, 425 societies, small 14:575 stateless society 15:157 technology 15:580 trade and markets 16:122 workers 16:566 see also Division of labor SPECIALIZATION AND EXCHANGE 15:111-115 see also Exchange, Economic; Specialization Specie money: quantity theory 10:435 Species Darwin, Charles 4:9 genetics and race 6:108 Specific nerve energies Bell, Charles 2:47 Miiller, Johannes 10:526 perception 11: 528 senses 14:174 Specification hypothesis testing 7:45 survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:426 Specification equation traits 16:126 Specification errors analysis of variance 9:332 errors in statistical assumptions 5:132 estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:155 factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:275 hypothesis testing 7:45 nonparametric statistics 11:176 nonparametric statistics: ranking methods 11:197 point estimation 5:146 regression 9:312 simultaneous equation estimation 14:292, 293 statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:193 statistical analysis, special problems of: outliers 15:178, 179, 180 statistical identifiability 15:201 statistics 15:210 time series 16:48
Specificity-diffuseness Anglo-American society 1:290 community-society continua 3:178 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:426 Specificity theory pain 11:361 Specimen theoriae novae de mensura sortis (Bernoulli) 2:67 SPECK, FRANK G. 15:115-117 ethnohistory 6:442 Spectral analysis statistics 15:214 time series: advanced problems 16:62, 68 time series: general 16:51 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:86 Spectral density function time series: advanced problems 16:65, 68 Spectral representation time series: cycles 16:71, 79 Speculation 15:117 capital movements, private international 8:32 income and employment theory 7:127 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:128 Law, John 9:80 pricing policies 12:460 Usher, Abbott P. 16:223 SPECULATION, HEDGING, AND ARBITRAGE 15:117-121 Speculative motive money: general 10:428 Speech Broca, Paul 2:154 infant development 7:278 information theory 7:334 kinesics 8:382 language development 9:9 fol., 13 linguistics 9:354, 365 Mead, George Herbert 10:84 nervous system: brain stimulation 11:153
nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:148 psychopathic personality 13:118 ritual 13:523 Saussure, Ferdinand de 14:20
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Stagner, Ross
INDEX speech pathology 9:14 Watson, John B. 16:486 Speech community 9:381 historical linguistics 9:374 linguistics 9:361 Speech pathology 9:14 mental retardation 10:236 Speech perception 11:556 hearing 6:336 information theory 7:334 intellectual development 7:391 language development 9:11 reading disabilities 13:336 time: psychological aspects 16:26 verbal learning 9:162 Speech therapy 9:17 Speed, Psychomotor aging: psychological aspects 1:179 Speeded tests aptitude testing 1:371 Speier, Hans internment and custody 8:141 status, social 15:253 Spence, Kenneth W. drives, acquired 4:283 learning theory 9:192 SPENCER, HERBERT 15:121-128 Durkheim, Emile 4:313 evolution 5:206, 207 evolution, cultural 5:225 laissez-faire 8:547 Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 13:287 social change 14:370 social Darwinism 14:402 social structure 14:482 Sumner, William Graham 15:406 sympathy and empathy 15:443 Ward, Lester F. 16:474 Wiese, Leopold von 16:548 Spencer, Robert F. feud 5:391 Spencer Brown, G. statistics 15:218 SPENGLER, OSWALD 15:128-130 creativity: social aspects 3:445 periodization 11:583 Weber, Alfred 16:492 Spiegel, John P. stress 15:340 SPIER, LESLIE 15:130-131 SPIETHOFF, ARTHUR 15:131-135 Spillover integration, functional 7:540
integration, regional 7:523 nationalization 11:73 Spinal accessory nerve 11:136 Spinal cord 11:136, 137 sexual behavior, animal 14:198 Spindler, George acculturation 1:24 Spinothalamic system senses: central mechanisms 14:178 Spinothalamic tract pain 11:361 SPINOZA 15:135-137 Marx, Karl 10:35 Spirit of Laws, The (Montesquieu) 10:468, 470, 472 fol. constitutions and constitutionalism 3:323 Spiro, Melford E. family: comparative structure 5:311 Spitz, David civil disobedience 2:483 Spitz, Herman mental retardation 10:237 Spitz, Rene A. depressive disorders 4:125 humor 7:3 infancy: the effects of early experience 7:285 Split-plot designs experiments, design of 5:253 Spoils system bureaucracy 2:211 Spontaneous recovery classical conditioning 9:130 forgetting 5:540 learning 9:119 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:483 Spot maps graphic presentation 6:248 Spranger, Eduard adolescence 1:90 phenomenology 12:71 typologies 16:181 Spread fallacies, statistical 5:293 nonparametric statistics 11:181 statistics, descriptive 15:238 variances, statistical study of 16:292 Spread, Test of ranking methods 11:198
401
Spurgeon, Caroline F. E. literature, psychology of 9:428 Spurious correlation causation 2:354 fallacies, statistical 5:299 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:541 statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:199 survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:426 Spurzheim, Johann Caspar Gall, Franz Joseph 6:47 Sputnik space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:91 Square root transformation statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:186 Ssu-ma Kuang Chinese political thought 2:405 historiography, Chinese 6:401 Staats, Arthur W. motivation, human 10:516 social psychology 14:469 Staats, Carolyn K. motivation, human 10:516 social psychology 14:469 Staatslehre school political science 12:289, 295 Stability economic equilibrium 4:380, 385, 387 Stability, Coefficients of: see Coefficients of stability Stable population model Lotka, Alfred J. 9:475 Stackelberg, Heinrich von economic equilibrium 4:378 Stage (archeology) 1:383 Stage theories industrialization: economic aspects 7:261 "Stages in the Development of the Sense of Reality" (Ferenczi) 5:368 STAGNATION 15:137-142 Hansen, Alvin 6:321 Stagner, Ross personality 11:603
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers.J
402
INDEX
Stalin, Joseph
Stalin, Joseph assimilation 1:440 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:152 communism, international 3:119, 121, 122, 123 communism, national 3:113 communism, Soviet 3:104, 106 international relations: ideological aspects 8:73 Marxism 10:43 socialist legal systems-Soviet law 9:218 totalitarianism 16:110 Trotsky, Leon 16:156 Stammler, Rudolf justice 8:345 STAMP, JOSIAH CHARLES 15:142 Stamp, Maxwell international monetary organization 8:25 Stamped money Fisher, Irving 5:480, 481 Stand-by theory (banking) 2:2 Standard deviation achievement testing 1:37 computation 3:195 errors, nonsampling 5:130 organizations: methods of research 11:335 Pearson, Karl 11:501 probability, formal 12:492 psychometrics 13:104, 110 statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:193 statistics 15:211 statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:238 variances, statistical study of 16:297 Standard error errors in statistical assumptions 5:136 linear hypotheses: regression 9:313, 315 psychometrics 13:104, 105 quantal response 13:241 sample surveys 13:599, 600 sequential analysis 14:188 Standard error of measurement achievement testing 1:38
Standard Industrial Classification markets and industries 9:578 Standard normal distributions 4:223 Standard Nutrition Unit land: classification 8:560 Standard of living consumption levels and standards 3:335 labor force: hours of work 8:490 poverty 12:401, 402 Standard Oil Company antitrust legislation 1:352 Standard scores achievement testing 1:37 aptitude testing 1:372 psychometrics 13:110 Standardization aptitude testing 1:372 cartels and trade associations 2:324 Standardization (statistics) distributions, special discrete 4:223, 229 Stanford Achievement Test Battery Kelley, Truman L. 8:359 Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test 7:422 educational psychology 4:534 psychometrics 13:108 Terman, Lewis M. 15:601 Stanines achievement testing 1:38 Stanton, Alfred H. therapeutic community 10:212, 213 Staple product Innis, Harold Adams 7:338 Stare decisis adjudication 1:46 common law systems 9:212 see also Precedents Stark, Werner Verstehen 16:312 Starvation famine 5:322 food: world problems 5:503 social behavior, animal: the regulation of animal populations 14:361, 362 STATE 15:143-157 THE INSTITUTION
15:143-150
THE CONCEPT 15:150-157
administrative law 1:81, 83
anarchism 1:283 Aquinas, Thomas 1:377 area 1:400 Augustine 1:468, 469 Becher, Johann Joachim 2:39 Bodin, Jean 2:111 Bosanquet, Bernard 2:132, 133 bureaucracy 2:207 Chinese society 2:408, 419 civil disobedience 2:475, 478 civil-military relations 2:490 communism, international 3:126 dictatorship 4:161 Duguit, Leon 4:307 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:428 educational systems 4:514 Figgis, John Neville 5:424 geography, political 6:117 government 6:214 government statistics 6:230 Gumplowicz, Ludwig 6:295 Hauriou, Maurice 6:327 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 6:342 Heller, Hermann 6:344 Hjarne, Harald 6:480 income distribution: size 7:148 Indian political thought 7:175 international legislation 7:553 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:37, 39 international politics 8:51 Kautilya 8:355 Kjellen, Rudolf 8:414 laissez-faire 8:546 Laski, Harold J. 9:31 Lindsay, A. D. 9:308 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:509 Maclver, Robert M. 9:513 medical personnel: physicians 10:106 Middle American society 10:284 nation 11:7 natural rights 11:86 occupations and careers 11:248 Oppenheimer, Franz 11:295 physiocratic thought 4:445 Plato 12:161 pluralism 12:164, 165, 166 political group analysis 12:242 political justice 12:246
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Statistics, Applied
political science 12:283, 289, 295 political theory 12:314 power 12:406 Proudhon, Pierre Joseph 12:605, 606 Schmitt, Carl 14:58 social class 15:303 social differentiation 14:407 socialist economic thought 4:449, 451 societal analysis 14:568 Southeast Asia 1:430 sovereignty 15:77 stateless society 15:157 Stein, Lorenz von 15:258 Vattel, Emer de 16:301 Viti de Marco, Antonio De 16:344 voluntary associations; sociological aspects 16:363 Wagner, Adolf 16:430 Ward, Lester F. 16:475 Wilson, Woodrow 16:556 see also Government State, The (Wilson) 12:331 State and Local Finance in the National Economy (Hansen & Perloff) 6:321 State and Revolution (Lenin) 9:258 capitalism 2:298 State farm communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:141 State in Relation to Labour, The (Jevons) 8:258 State of nature Hobbes, Thomas 6:483 interaction, social 7:430 Locke, John 9:466 natural rights 11:87 State Planning Committee of the U.S.S.R.: see Gosplaii State Theory of Money, The (Knapp) 8:422 State trading 8:136 STATELESS SOCIETY 15:157-168 millenarism 10:355 States' rights constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:303 Jefferson, Thomas 8:252 Statics, Comparative: see Comparative statics
STATICS AND DYNAMICS IN ECONOMICS 15:169-177 business cycles: mathematical models 2:246 Clark, John Bates 2:506 Clark, John Maurice 2:508 corporation income taxes 15:544 demand and supply 4:98, 101 econometric models, aggregate 4:346 econometrics 4:353, 355 economic equilibrium 4:376 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:417 economics 4:474 firm, theory of the 5:455 international integration: economic unions 9:543 fol. international trade: mathematical theory 8:99 Marshall, Alfred 10:27 models, mathematical 10:380 Schumpeter, Joseph A. 14:68 stock-flow analysis 15:273 Walras, Leon 16:449 Stationary equilibrium capital 2:277 economic equilibrium 4:387 profit 12:548 Stationary state (economics) capital 2:273, 277 interest 7:477 Marshall, Alfred 10:27, 28 Pigou, Arthur Cecil 12:95 stagnation 15:137 Stationary stochastic process time series: advanced problems 16:60 time series: cycles 16:79 time series: general 16:53 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, SPECIAL PROBLEMS OF 15:178-201 OUTLIERS 15:178-182 TRANSFORMATIONS
OF DATA 15:
182-193 GROUPED OBSERVATIONS
403
Statistical geography 6:145 central place 2:368 regional science 13:385 statistics 15:222 STATISTICAL IDENTIFIABILITY 15:201-206 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:105 distributions, mixtures of 4:239 econometric models, aggregate 4:346 simultaneous equation estimation 14:282 statistics 15:221 Statistical inference Bayesian inference 2:28 decision theory 4:63, 65 econometrics 4:350 Fisher, R. A. 5:487 multivariate analysis 10:530 nonparametric statistics 11:176 sample surveys 13:601 sequential analysis 14:191 statistics 15:206, 212 sufficiency 15:368 survey analysis 15:417 variances, statistical study of 16:295 von Mises, Richard 16:384 Wald, Abraham 16:436 Statistical interaction: see Interaction, Statistical Statistical Laws of Demand and Supply (Schultz) 14:65 Statistical Method (Kelley) 8:359 Statistical quality control: see Quality control, Statistical Statistical Research Group (Columbia University) Girshick, Meyer A. 6:191 Wald, Abraham 16:437 Statistical Standards, Office of (U.S.) 6:233 STATISTICS 15:206-232 THE FIELD 15:206-224 THE HISTORY OF STATISTICAL
15:193-
196 TRUNCATION AND CENSORSHIP 15:196-201
Statistical fallacies: see Fallacies, Statistical
METHOD 15:224-232
for classified list of articles on STATISTICS see volume 17 page 107 Statistics, Applied: see Applied statistics
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi^cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
404
INDEX
Statistics, Descriptive
STATISTICS, DESCRIPTIVE 15:232246 LOCATION AND DISPERSION 15:232-
246 ASSOCIATION 15:240-246
Benini, Rodolfo 2:52 distributions, statistical 4:217 Gini, Corrado 6:188 graphic presentation 6:247 index numbers: theoretical aspects 7:154 probability, formal 12:492 psychometrics 13:96 sociology 15:7 statistics 15:210 sufficiency 15:368 survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:420 fol. variances, statistical study of 16:292 Statistics, Government: see Government statistics Statistics, Nonparametric: see Nonparametric statistics Statistics, Social: see Social statistics Statistics, Theoretical: see Theoretical statistics STATISTICS AS LEGAL EVIDENCE 15:246-250 statistics 15:222 Statistics of association: see Association, Statistics of Statistics of attributes: see Attributes, Statistics of Statistique morale (moral statistics) Quetelet, Adolphe 13:250 social research, early history of 15:46 sociology 15:7 suicide 15:378 STATUS, SOCIAL 15:250-257 age differentiation 1:157 agriculture 1:210 automation 1:485 Chinese society 2:411 collective behavior 2:560 conformity 3:258 crime, white-collar 3:484 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:425 economy and society 4:504 education and society 4:522
fertility 5:378 feudalism 5:394 food: consumption patterns 5:509, 512 group behavior 6:270 group formation 6:278, 281 honor 6:506, 507 housing: social aspects 6:519 Indians, North American 7:185 interaction: social exchange 7:455 interaction process analysis 7:468 internment and custody 8:139 land: economic aspects 8:551 Linton, Ralph 9:389 literature: political fiction 9:432 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:530 marriage: family formation 10:2, 4, 6 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 12:46 modern society, anthropological study of 1:332 music and society 10:567, 568 myth and symbol 10:576 occupations and careers 11:245, 253 Park, Robert E. 11:418 political clubs 12:215 political recruitment and careers 12:274, 279 pseudo-kinship 8:408 reference groups 13:357 role: sociological aspects 13:555 segregation 14:146 self concept 14:156 social change 14:369
Status quo community power 3:161 Statute of Apprentices (England 1563) wage and hour legislation 16:418 Stedry, Andrew C. budgeting 2:197 STEIN, LORENZ VON 15:257-259 social movements 14:439 Steinbeck, John homelessness 6:497 Steindl, Josef size distributions in economics 14:297 Stekel, Wilhelm phobias 12:82 Stem-family family: comparative structure 5:306, 310 Le Play, Frederic 9:87 Stendhal (Marie-Henri Beyle) literature: political fiction 9:436 STEREOTYPES 15:259-262 attitudes 1:455 communication, mass 3:48 dictatorship 4:167 economic expectations 4:390 international relations: psychological aspects 8:78 Lippmann, Walter 9:392 perception, person 11:564 prejudice 12:439 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:279 Sterilization fertility control 5:386 population policies 12:385, 386,
social class 15:300, 301, 303, 310
387 STERN, WILLIAM 15:262-265 Terman, Lewis M. 15:601 Sternberg, Lev Yakovlevich 2:116 STEUART, JAMES DENHAM 15:265-266 Stevens, S. S. psychophysics 13:124 Stevenson, Matilda Fletcher, Alice Cunningham 5:493 Stevenson Rubber Scheme commodity agreements, international 3:18
social class, measurement of 15:319, 321, 322 social mobility 14:429 fol. socialization, adult 14:559 societies, small 14:574 South Asia 1:420 stratification, social 15:290 suicide: social aspects 15:383 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:92 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:366 Weber, Max 16:497 see also Social class; Stratification, Social
Steward, Julian H. culture change 3:556 ecology 4:330
j CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Stoetzel, Jean
INDEX cthnohistory 6:442 evolution, cultural 5:227 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:210 village 16:320 Stewart, George R. social science fiction 14:476 Stewart, J. Q. geography, statistical 6:148 Stewart Machine Company v. Davis Cardozo, Benjamin 2:304 Stice, Glen F. leadership: psychological aspects 9:98 Stigler, George J. capitalism 2:301 corporation income taxes 15:539 oligopoly 11:288 Stigma deviant behavior 4:149 Stillbirth vital statistics 16:342 STIMULATION DRIVES 15:266-271 client-centered counseling 10:181 drives, stimulation 4:276 infant development 7:278 learning theory 9:192 motivation 10:513 motivation, human 10:518 personality 11:595 Stimulus aggression: psychological aspects 1:172 behavior therapy 10:190 communication, animal: social and psychological analysis 3:31 conflict: psychological aspects 3:222 discrimination learning 9:145 dreams 4:260 ethology 5:189 gestalt theory 6:160 Guthrie, Edwin R. 6:297, 298, 300 hearing 6:337 Hunter, Walter S. 7:8 imitation 7:97 infancy: the effects of early experience 7:287 infant development 7:276 information theory 7:334 interaction, symbolic 7:444 models, mathematical 10:379, 385
nervous system: brain stimulation 11:154 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:482 perceptual constancy 11:545 psychophysics 13:120 psychosomatic illness 13:138 reaction time 13:331, 332 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:214 social psychology 14:460 fol. socialization: psychological aspects 14:537 stimulation drives 15:266 stress 15:338, 342 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:615 time: psychological aspects 15:26 fol. Weber, Ernst Heinrich 16:493 see also Response Stimulus diffusion diffusion, cultural 4:170 Stimulus generalization classical conditioning 9:129 discrimination learning 9:144 learning 9:119 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:483 transfer learning 9:171 verbal learning 9:162 Stimulus-response theory conflict: psychological aspects 3:222 drives, acquired 4:284 gestalt theory 6:164, 172 Hull, Clark L. 6:536 intellectual development 7:396 learning theory 9:190, 191, 196 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:485 personality 11:592, 598 problem solving 12:507 psychophysics 13:121 reinforcement 9:138 social psychology 14:460 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:10 Tolman, Edward C. 16:97 verbal learning 9:161 see also Conditioning STIRNER, MAX 15:271-273 Stirrups cultural adaptation 3:552 Stochastic approximation point estimation 5:149
405
Stochastic difference equation 16:52 Stochastic model decision making: economic aspects 4:46 multivariate analysis 10:527 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:433 statics and dynamics in economics 15:175 statistical identifiability 15:203 time series: cycles 16:73 verbal learning 9:163 Stochastic process econometric models, aggregate 4:345 Lotka, Alfred J. 9:475 Markov chains 9:581 mathematics 10:76 models, mathematical 10:380, 381 queues 13:257, 259 rank-size relations 13:323 size distributions in economics 14:295 Slutsky, Eugen 14:319 statistical method, history of 15:230 statistics 15:214 time series 16:48, 56 time series: advanced problems 16:60 Stochastic processes, Multiple time series: general 16:57 Stochastic programming 12:560 Stock Exchange (of London), The securities markets 14:137, 139 STOCK-FLOW ANALYSIS 15:273277 interest 7:475 statics and dynamics in economics 15:172 Stock markets: see Securities markets Stockholders corporation income taxes 15:541 Stocking, George W., Jr. culture 3:537 Stocks consumer assets 3:347 family assets 3:345 pension funds 11:525 securities markets 14:136 Stoetzel, Jean Halbwachs, Maurice 6:305
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
406
INDEX
Stoicism
Stoicism constitutional law: civil rights 3:313 Ferguson, Adam 5:370 natural law 11:82 propaganda 12:582 Stolnitz, George J. life tables 9:295 Stolper-Samuelson relationship international trade 8:87, 88 international trade: mathematical theory 8:98, 100, 101 Stone, Julius law and legal institutions 9:73 Stone, Richard demand and supply: econometric studies 4:109 Stone Age: see Mesolithic Age; Neolithic Age; Paleolithic Age Story, Joseph international crimes 7:516 Stotland, Ezra attitudes 1:453 STOUFFER, SAMUEL A. 15:277-280 migration: social aspects 10:287 organizations: methods of research 11:341 reference groups 13:354, 357 survey analysis 15:413 Stourm, Rene budgeting 2:193, 194 STOUT, G. F. 15:280-281 Strabismus visual defects 16:338 Strachey, Lytton Keynes, John Maynard 8:373 Strain psychosomatic illness 13:138 Strain of consistency integration, cultural 7:376 Stranger, The (Camus) literature: political fiction 9:437 Strategic Air Command nuclear war 11:217 Strategic bombing strategy 15:282, 283, 285, 286 Strategic elites 5:26 STRATEGY 15:281-288 balance of power 1:509 deterrence 4:131 Douhet, Giulio 4:254 economic warfare 4:470 foreign aid: political aspects 5:515
international relations 8:65 limited war 9:306 Mahan, Alfred Thayer 9:528, 529 military 10:306 military policy 10:319, 320 neutralism and nonalignment 11:167 nuclear war 11:215, 217 social movements 14:442 technology and international relations 15:592 Strategy (statistics) coalitions 2:524 decision making: economic aspects 4:52, 53 decision theory 4:62 game theory: theoretical aspects 6:62 fol., 67 programming 12:556 Stratification (statistics) sample surveys 13:605, 606 STRATIFICATION, SOCIAL 15:288337 INTRODUCTION 15:288-296 SOCIAL CLASS 15:296-316 THE MEASUREMENT OF SOCIAL CLASS 15:316-325 THE STRUCTURE OF STRATIFICATION SYSTEMS 15:325-332 CLASS CULTURE 15:332-337 agriculture: social organization 1:210 Bagehot, Walter 1:501 Bernstein, Eduard 2:68 Booth, Charles 2:124 Buddhism 2:167, 170 caste 2:333 Christianity 2:435 community power 3:157, 159, 160 dictatorship 4:166 economy and society 4:503 educational systems 4:511 ethnic groups 5:168 fertility 5:378 feudalism 5:395 Geiger, Theodor 6:84 industrialization: social aspects 7:269 interaction: social exchange 7:455 Israel 11:114 literature, sociology of 9:421 manorial economy 9:563
mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222 millenarism 10:356 modern society, anthropological study of 1:332 occupations and careers 11:251 Oceanian society 11:263 political sociology 12:299 poverty 12:399 science, sociology of 14:96 segregation 14:145 social Darwinism 14:402, 404 South Asia 1:416, 419, 421 southeast Asia 1:431, 434 sub-Saharan African society 1:138, 148, 149 Thurnwald, Richard 16:21 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:92 urban revolution 16:204 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:208 Ward, Lester F. 16:475 Weber, Max 16:497 see also Social class; Status, Social; Tribal society Stratification levels survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:420 Stratified fourfold table survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:422 Stratified sampling errors, nonsampling 5:116 sample surveys: 13:606 Stratigraphy archeology: research methods 1:387 Darwin, Charles 4:8 hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:10 Petrie, W. M. Flinders 12:65 Stratton, George M. perceptual development 11:536 Straus, Erwin psychology, existential 13:80 Strauss, Anselm L. national character 11:17 Street Corner Society (Whyte) friendship 6:14 Street phobia: see Agoraphobia STRESS 15:337-348 aggression: psychological aspects 1:171
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Style
INDEX anxiety 1:360 collective behavior 2:559, 562 conflict: anthropological aspects 3:238 conflict: psychological aspects 3:220 crisis 3:512 defense mechanisms 4:71 disaster 4:202 drives, physiological 4:283 ethical issues in the social sciences 5:161 group behavior 6:272 infancy: the effects of early experience 7:285, 287 internment and custody 8:146, 147 mental disorders, childhood 10:157 mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:127 military 10:309 motivation, human 10:518 obsessive-compulsive disorders 11:243 psychosomatic illness 13:138 sleep 14:316 socialization: psychological aspects 14:538 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:88, 90 see also Crisis Stress-strain theory conflict: anthropological aspects 3:238 Strikes 8:500 civil disobedience 2:479 collective bargaining 8:499 economy and society 4:505 labor relations: developing countries 8:513 socialism 14:519, 521 sociology of work 7:236 syndicalism 15:448 Strip farming 1:217 Strodtbeck, Fred L. errors 5:117 interaction process analysis 7:466 status, social 15:253 Strong, Edward K., Jr. sex differences 7:209 vocational interest testing 16:345, 347
STRONG, WILLIAM DUNCAN 15:348-350 ethnohistory 6:442 Strong transformations statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:188 Strong Vocational Interest Blank vocational interest testing 16:345, 348 Strotz, Robert H. demand and supply: econometric studies 4:109 Structural analysis: see Functional analysis Structural equations simultaneous equation estimation 14:286 Structural-functional analysis: see Functional analysis Structural linguistics 9:354, 355, 356, 366 language and culture 9:20 Saussure, Ferdinand de 14:19, 20 see also Descriptive linguistics Structuralism thinking 15:610 Structure function quality control: reliability and life testing 13:235 Structured interviews 8:168 Structures elementaires de la parente, Les (Levi-Strauss) 10:20 Strumilin, Stanislav G. communism, international 3:130 time budgets 16:43 Stubbes, Philip office, misuse of 11:273 Student (pseud.): see Gosset, William Sealy Student distributions (t-distributions ) distributions, special continuous 4:225, 227 Gosset, William Sealy 6:212 statistical method, history of 15:228 Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee civil disobedience 2:482 race relations: world perspectives 13:275
407
Student statistic multivariate analysis 10:531 significance, tests of 14:239, 241, 243 Student test (t-test) analysis of variance 9:327 errors in statistical assumptions 5:134, 136
Gosset, William Sealy 6:211 hypothesis testing 7:45, 46 linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:339, 348 nonparametric statistics 11:178 statistical method, history of 15:231 Students social work 14:499 teaching 15:562 universities 15:196 Studies in the Economics of Overhead Costs (Clark) 2:509 Studies in the Theory of Human Society (Giddings) 6:176 Studies on Hysteria (Breuer and Freud) 6:1 hysteria 7:49 Study commissions 3:13 Study of Industrial Fluctuation, A (Robertson) 13:530 Study of Man, The (Linton) 9:388 Study of Organ Inferiority and its Psychical Compensation (Adler) 1:58 Study of Sociology, The (Spencer) 15:123 Stukat, Karl-Gustaf suggestion 15:370, 372, 373 STUMPF, CARL 15:350-352 phenomenology 12:70 Sturmthal, Adolf F. sociology of work 7:237 Stuttering speech pathology 9:16 STYLE 15:352-361 aesthetics 1:118 archeology 1:383 archeology: research methods 1:388, 390 architecture 1:394 Burckhardt, Jacob 2:205 creativity: social aspects 3:453 ethnomusicology 10:563
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
408
INDEX
Style of life
fine arts: recruitment and socialization of artists 5:451 Mannheim, Karl 9:558 see also Fashion Style of life Adler, Alfred 1:59 consumer behavior 3:349 individual psychology 7:215, 216 integration, cultural 7:377 social class 15:302 social class, measurement of 15:321 socialization, adult 14:560 time budgets 16:47 workers 16:571 see also Genre de vie SUAREZ, FRANCISCO 15:362-363 Subarctic culture area Indians, North American 7:187, 194 Subcaste 2:340 Subception perception, unconscious 11:578 Subcontracting labor relations: collective bargaining 8:497 Subcultures class culture 15:334 delinquency 4:78 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:90 delinquency: sociological aspects 4:82 drug addiction: social aspects 4:301, 302 educational organization 4:531 homicide 3:493 homosexuality 14:230 political culture 12:220 sexual deviation: social aspects 14:218 Subinvertibility Gini, Corrado 6:188 Subjective accuracy estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:155 Subjective probability: see Probability, Subjective Subjectively expected utility decision making: psychological aspects 4:36 Sublimation affection 1:122
conflict: psychological aspects 3:221 Subliminal perception perception, unconscious 11:575, 578 psychology, applied 13:91 Submission, Act of (1532) canon law 2:267 Suboptimization fallacies, statistical 5:300 Subrange order statistics 11:185 Subroutines computation 3:199 Sub-Saharan African society 1:137 historiography, African 6:395 modernization: the bourgeoisie 10:406 primitive art 12:478 socialism 14:528 societal analysis 14:568 SUBSIDIES 15:363-367 agriculture: price and income policies 1:252 conservation: economic aspects 3:284 consumer's surplus 3:356 credit, government 3:462 export subsidies and dumping 8:121 foreign aid: political aspects 5:513 housing: economic aspects 6:524 housing: social aspects 6:520 income taxes, personal 15:533 local finance 9:449 nationalization 11:73 science, sociology of 14:95 tariffs and protectionism 8:118, 119 transportation: economic aspects 16:138 Subsistence agriculture agriculture: developing countries 1:260 agriculture: marketing 1:246 agriculture: production 1:224 peasantry 11:507 Subsistence economy agriculture: marketing 1:246 peasantry 11:507 urban revolution 16:202 Subsistence theory of wages 16:398
Substantia gelatinosa pain 11:361 Substantial evidence, Rule of administrative law 1:83 Substitution effect Slutsky, Eugen 14:319 utility 16:253 Suburbs city: forms and functions 2:452 city: metropolitan government 2:460, 461 city: the modern city 2:456 housing: social aspects 6:519 planning, regional and urban 12:132 property taxes 15:547 survey analysis: applications in economics 15:431 Succession descent groups 8:401 ecology, human 4:329, 336 Oceanian society 11:263 Sucking infant development 7:280 Sudan foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 Islamic countries 11:90 sub-Saharan African society 1:151 SUFFICIENCY 15:367-369 distributions, special discrete 4:229 fallacies, statistical 5:294 Fisher, R. A. 5:488 nonparametric statistics 11:181 point estimation 5:144 statistical analysis, special problems of: outliers 15:180 statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:198 statistics 15:211 Suffrage Bagehot, Walter 1:501 democracy 4:120 electoral systems 5:7, 9 equality 5:107 Proudhon, Pierre Joseph 12:606 see also Elections; Voting Sufism Islam 8:211 Sugar Caribbean society 2:309
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Supranationalism
INDEX commodity agreements, international 3:18, 19 Sugar Trust case: see United States v. E. C. Knight Co. SUGGESTION 15:369-375 brainwashing 2:141 Charcot, Jean Martin 2:385 Huxley, Julian 7:33 hypnosis 7:35 Janet, Pierre 8:234 Sui dynasty (China) Buddhism 2:177 SUICIDE 15:375-396 SOCIAL ASPECTS 15:375-385 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS (1) 15:385-390 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
(2)
15:390-396 aging: psychological aspects 1:183 content analysis 3:372 depressive disorders 4:126 deviant behavior 4:148 Durkheim, Emile 4:315, 316 homicide 3:492, 493 ideology and the social system 7:82 Masaryk, Thomas G. 10:53 social class 15:306 Suicide (Durkheim) 4:315 suicide: social aspects 15:381 Suicide rates suicide: psychological aspects 15:391 suicide: social aspects 15:378 fol. Sukarno socialism 14:530 Sukra Indian political thought 7:175 SULLIVAN, HARRY STACK 15:396406 LIFE AND WORK 15:396-398 INTERPERSONAL THEORY 15:398406 adolescence 1:88 anxiety 1:359 interaction and personality 7:458 mental health 10:216 personality 11:599 personality, political 12:16 psychiatry 12:609 schizophrenia 14:44 therapeutic community 10:210
Sum of distributions distributions, mixtures of 4:240 Sum of squares analysis of variance 9:325, 326, 327 Sumatra Schrieke, Bertram 14:63 Sumeria interest 7:472 time: social organization 16:35 Summa theologica (Aquinas) 1:375 educational psychology 4:533 SUMNER, WILLIAM GRAHAM 15:406-409 conflict: social aspects 3:235 integration, cultural 7:376 laissez-faire 8:548 norms 11:205 social Darwinism 14:402, 404 social problems 14:453 society 14:580 Sums of random variables distributions, approximations to 4:233 Sun dance Indians, North American 7:193 Wissler, Clark 16:560 Sun Tzu propaganda 12:580 Sun Yat-sen Chinese society 2:415 SUNDT, EILERT LUND 15:409411 Sung Academy fine arts: the recruitment and socialization of artists 5:448 Sung dynasty Chinese political thought 2:405 Chinese society 2:412 historiography, Chinese 6:401 Sunnah Islam 8:212 Superadditivity coalitions 2:525 Superego Klein, Melanie 8:417 neurosis 11:163 personality 11:593 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:7 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:5, 9
409
psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:17 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:279 Superior man Chinese political thought 2:397 Superiority individual psychology 7:214, 217 Supernatural magic 9:523, 524 religion: anthropological study 13:398 Superorganic Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:460 Spencer, Herbert 15:124 Superposition distributions, mixtures of 4:240 Superstition Frazer, James George 5:552 reinforcement learning 9:141 Supervision human relations in industry 7:242 industrial and business psychology 7:226 labor relations: developing countries 8:512 plantations 12:156 social work 14:501 sociology of work 7:233 Suppes, Patrick decision making: psychological aspects 4:36 goodness of fit 6:201 Supplementary unemployment benefits fringe benefits 16:427 Supply 4:96 economic equilibrium 4:380 employment and unemployment 5:49 Supply, Aggregate: see Aggregate supply Supply and demand: see Demand and supply Supply curve demand and supply 4:97 statistical identifiability 15:203 Wicksteed, Philip Henry 16:544 Suppressed inflation price control and rationing 12:468 Supranationalism conflict of laws 3:252 integration, regional 7:525
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-" I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
410
Supreme Court (Michigan)
international organization: administration 8:41 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:36 Supreme Court (Michigan) judicial behavior 8:311 Supreme Court (U.S.) adjudication, domestic 1:43, 44, 46, 47, 48 administrative law 1:82 antitrust legislation 1:351 Beard, Charles A. 2:35 Brandeis, Louis Dembitz 2:144 censorship 2:358 constitutional law 3:296, 299 constitutional law: civil rights 3:315 constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:303, 306 film (cinema) 5:427 freedom 5:558 Holmes, Oliver Wendell 6:492 judicial administration 8:298, 301. 302 judicial behavior 8:309 judicial review 8:304 judicial values 8:316 military law 10:313, 316 public law 13:176, 180 segregation 14:146 wage and hour legislation 16:421 workmen's compensation 16:573 Supreme Court and the Constitution. The (Beard) 2:35 Suppression (political) totalitarianism 16:109 Suq North African society 1:132 Surplus value 16:282 capitalism 2:295 profit 12:548 socialist economic thought 4:449, 450 SURVEY ANALYSIS 15:411-436 METHODS OF SURVEY ANALYSIS
15:411-419 THE ANALYSIS OF ATTRIBUTE DATA
15:419-429 APPLICATIONS IN ECONOMICS 15:429-436
attitude change 1:459
communication, mass: audiences 3:75 interviewing: social research 8:149 policy sciences 12:186 prediction and forecasting, economic 14:430 public opinion 13:190 public relations 13:215 psychiatry, social 12:626 reason analysis 13:338 sample surveys 13:601 Stouffer, Samuel A. 15:278 tabular presentation 15:500 time budgets 16:43 see also Sample surveys Survey data consumer assets 3:343, 344 consumption levels and standards 3:337, 338 Survey maps land: classification 8:557 Survey of Consumer Finances national wealth : income distribution 11:61 Survey of Financial Characteristics of Consumers (U.S. Bureau of the Census) 3:343 Survey Research Center (University of Michigan) prediction and forecasting, economic 12:430 survey analysis: applications in economics 15:430 Surveys, Market: see Market surveys Surveys, Sample: see Sample surveys Survival internment and custody 8:144 social Darwinism 14:403 Survivorship function quality control: reliability and life testing 13:236 SUSSMILCH, JOHANN PETER 15:436-438 social research, history of 15:37 survey analysis 15:412 SUTHERLAND. EDWIN H. 15:438 crime, causes of 3:474 delinquency •. psychological aspects 4:86 delinquency: sociological aspects 4:82 white-collar crime 3:484, 485, 487
INDEX Sutras Buddhism 2:171, 172 Suttles, Wayne culture 3:552 Sutton-Smith, B. socialization: anthropological aspects 14:549 Sviatlovsky, E. E. geography, statistical 6:147 Swami Hinduism 6:363 Swanson, Guy E. defense mechanisms 4:68 SWANTON, JOHN REED 15:439 ethnohistory 6:442 Swazi (people) age differentiation 1:159 family: comparative structure 5:309 marriage: comparative analysis 10:11 Sweden agriculture: labor 1:237 conservation: economic aspects 3:281 cooperatives 3:394, 395 delinquent gangs 4:94 economic growth 4:397 electoral systems 5:8, 12, 14 employment and unemployment 5:51, 53, 54, 59 engineering 5:73 fertility 2:548 fertility control 5:387 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:524 Heckscher, Eli 6:340 housing: economic aspects 6:522 ideology and the social system 7:82 industrial disputes, settlement of 8:509 jurisprudence 8:339 labor force: hours of work 8:488 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:526, 530 local government 9:454 migration: economic aspects 10:294 mortality 10:502 nuptiality 11:225 obesity 11:228
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"] |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers.J
Synthetic and analytic statements
INDEX planning, economic: Western Europe 12:102 population composition 12:365. 367 population policies 12:385, 387 resale price maintenance 13:482 sales and excise taxes 15:552 socialism 14:522 suicide: psychological aspects 15:392 syndicalism 15:450 vital statistics 16:341 Sweden, Constitution (1809) Brusewitz, Axel 2:158 Swedish Nobility, The (Fahlbeck) 5:287 Sweet, Louise E. functional analysis 6:40 Sweezy v. New Hampshire (U.S. 1957) constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:306 Swets, John A. attention 1:446 Swidden cultivation agriculture: comparative technology 1:203 Southeast Asia 1:426 Switzerland cooperatives 3:394 delegation of powers 4: 73 economic growth 4:397 federalism 5:358, 359, 362 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:524 income distribution: functional share 7:136 judicial review 8:303, 304 labor force: hours of work 8:488 local government 9:453 migration: economic aspects 10:294 patents 11:463, 465 population composition 12:365 population theories 12:354 sales and excise taxes 15:552 Sydenham, Thomas Locke, John 9:465 Syllogisms legal reasoning 9:198 reasoning and logic 13:345, 346 Symbiosis ecology 4:331, 333
ecology, human 4:329 pastoralism 11:455 Symbiotic psychosis mental disorders, childhood 10:160 Symbolic interaction 7:441 communication 3:24 interaction, social 7:434 Mead, George Herbert 10:84 social structure 14:492 society 14:582 Waller, Willard W. 16:444 see also Social interaction Symbolic logic causation 2:351 jurisprudence 8:333 problem solving 12:508 Symbolism Abraham, Karl 1:3 aesthetics 1:118 anthropology, social 1:322 Christianity 2:429 knowledge, sociology of 8:431 linguistics, historical 9:377 religion, sociology of 13:409, 412, 413 sociological thought 15:35 Whitehead, Alfred North 16:535 Symbols cartography 2:327 Cassirer, Ernst 2:332 consensus 3:269 culturology 3:548 developmental psychology 4:141 dramatism 7:450 Durkheim, Emile 4:317 food: consumption patterns 5:508 integration, cultural 7:375, 376, 379 interaction, social 7:440 kingship 8:386, 388 language and culture 9:19 myth and symbol 10:578, 579 propaganda 12:579, 584 religion: anthropological study 13:402, 405 religion, sociology of 13:409 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:439 semantics and semiotics 14:166, 167 simulation: individual behavior 14:266, 268
411
social control: organizational aspects 14:396 social institutions 14:415 status, social 15:255 thinking 15:609 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:615 trade and markets 16:121 voting 16:392 Symmetrical cross-cousin marriage 10:11 Sympathetic nervous system Cannon, Walter B. 2:261 emotion 5:38 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:140 pain 11:359 Sympathy 15:441 Bain, Alexander 1:504 Smith, Adam 14:324 SYMPATHY AND EMPATHY 15:441-447 Synapse learning: neurophysiological aspects 9:155 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:132 senses: central mechanisms 14:177, 178 Sherrington, C. S. 14:234 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:303 Synchronic linguistics 9:359 Saussure, Ferdinand de 14:20 Synchronic studies: see Cross-section analysis SYNDICALISM 15:447-452 falangism 5:288 radicalism 13:298 socialism 14:515 Sorel, Georges 15:60 Synecology ecology 4:328 Syntax language, psychology of 9:7 language development 9:12 semantics and semiotics 14:168 Syntaxis Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:402 Synthetic and analytic statements: see Analytic and synthetic statements
^CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [^cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
412
INDEX
Synthetic Economics
Synthetic Economics (Moore) 10:481 econometrics 4:351 Syphilis mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:194, 196 Syria foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523
Islamic countries 11:90 nation 11:10 System Development Corporation military psychology 10:336 System of National Accounts and Supporting Tables, A (U.N.) national income and product accounts 11:22, 25, 29 System or Theory of the Trade of the World, The (Gervaise) 6:156 Systematic selection sample surveys 13:604 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS 15:452-495 GENERAL SYSTEMS THEORY 15:452-
458 SOCIAL SYSTEMS 15:458-473 POLITICAL SYSTEMS 15:473-479 INTERNATIONAL SYSTEMS 15:479-
486 PSYCHOLOGICAL
SYSTEMS 15:486
495
communism, international 3:126 economics of defense 4:487 economy and society 4:501 Fechner, Gustav Theodor 5:352 geography, cultural 6:133 geography, economic 6:124 government 6:227 industrial and business psychology 7:228 international relations 8:63 judicial behavior 8:310 national security 11:40 operations research 11:291 personality 11:599 political behavior 12:207 political group analysis 12:241 political recruitment and careers 12:275 political science 12:294 regional science 13:385 religion, sociology of 13:410
sociological thought 15:27 transportation: economic aspects 16:137 transportation: social aspects 16:131 Whitehead, Alfred North 16:534 Wiener, Norbert 16:546 Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family (Morgan) 10:496 Indians, North American 7:180 Szondi Test projective techiques 12:564
T TAT: see Thematic Apperception Test TEMPER: see Technological, Economic, Military and Political Evaluation Routine TUC: see Trades Union Congress TV: see Television TVA: see Tennessee Valley Authority T3, Retelling's generalized multivariate analysis: classification and discrimination 10:558 t-distributions: see Student distributions ^-distributions, Noncentral: see Noncentral t-distributions T-group field theory 5:415 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:316 t-statistic: see Student statistic t-test: see Student test Tableau economique (Quesnay) 13:245 physiocratic thought 4:443, 444 Taboo Frazer, James George 5:552 incest 7:115 Marett, Robert Ranulph 9:566 pollution 12:336 ritual 13:521 sexual deviation: social aspects 14:216 Tabory, Leon social psychology 14:471
Tabula rasa theory evolution and behavior 5:237 Locke, John 9:469 TABULAR PRESENTATION 15:497509 survey analysis 15:416 Taft, Robert A. isolationism 8:219, 220 Taft, William Howard conservation: political and social aspects 3:271 T'ai-hsu Buddhism 2:183 Taika reform Japanese society 8:237 Taine, Hippolyte Adolphe Binet, Alfred 2:74 intellectual history 6:466 Taiping Rebellion 16:458, 459 Chinese society 2:413, 414 Taiwan Chinese society 2:423 historiography, Chinese 6:406 land reform 8:574 Takayama, T. . spatial economics: the general equilibrium approach 15:107 Talbot, Nell S. voting 16:388 Tallensi food: consumption patterns 5:509 stateless society 15:159 Talmon, Jacob T. intellectual history 6:466 Talmon, Yonina personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:27 Talmud canon law 2:267 Israel 11:101 Judaism 8:273 see also Gemara; Mishnah Taney, Roger Brook constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:304 T'ang dynasty Chinese society 2:412 historiography, Chinese 6:400 Tannenbaum, Arnold S. sociology of work 7:234 Tannenbaum, Percy H. thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:618
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. J
Taxonomy
INDEX Tanner, J. C. queues 13:259 Tanner, James M. psychology, constitutional 13:70 Tanoan language 7:191 Tantrayana Buddhism 2:165 Tantric Buddhism Buddhism 2:165, 172 Tanzania age differentiation 1:160 ecology 4:341 Too te ching (Lao Tzu) Chinese political thought 2:401 Taoism Buddhism 2:176 Chinese political thought 2:401 Tarascan Indians food: consumption patterns 5:510 TARDE, GABRIEL 15:509-514 criminology 3; 507 Ross, Edward A. 13:561 Worms, Rene 16:580 Tariff Commission (U.S.) international trade controls: trade agreements 8:132, 134 Tariffs 8:113 colonialism: economic aspects 3:10 demand and supply 4:102 export subsidies and dumping 8:122 international integration: economic unions 7:541 international trade 8:86, 88, 90 international trade: mathematical theory 8:100 quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:125, 126, 127 subsidies 15:366 Taussig, Frank W. 15:517 Torrens, Robert 16:106 trade agreements 8:129 Tarlqah Islam 8:211 religious organization 13:435 Tarsiers evolution, primate 5:211 Tasks group behavior 6:271, 274 groups: role structure 6:285 integration, functional 7:540 Lewin, Kurt 9:267
mental retardation 10:241 sleep 14:316 status, social 15:254 Taste 15:514 genetics and behavior 6:98 infant development 7:276 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:136 senses 14:173, 176 TASTE AND SMELL 15:514-516 see also Smell; Taste Tate, Robert F. statistics, descriptive: association 15:241 Taube, Mortimer information storage and retrieval 7:302 Taungya system agriculture 1:203 TAUSSIG, FRANK W. 15:516-518 terms of trade 8:107 Tavistock Institute (London) human relations in industry 7:245 TAWNEY, R. H. 15:518-521 Robinson, James Harvey 13:534 Tax, Sol community-society continua 3:177 world view 16:577 Tax, Single: see Single tax Tax incidence 15:524 corporation income taxes 15:540 property taxes 15:547 sales and excise taxes 15:553 Tax shifting 15:524 property taxes 15:547 sales and excise taxes 15:553 TAXATION 15:521-559 GENERAL 15:521-529 PERSONAL INCOME TAXES 15:529-
537 CORPORATION INCOME TAXES
15:538-545 PROPERTY TAXES 15:545-550 SALES AND EXCISE TAXES 15:550-
555 DEATH AND GIFT TAXES 15:555-560
agriculture: capital 1:231 Benini, Rodolfo 2:54 budgeting 2:190 capital movements, private international 8:30
413
communism, economic organization of 3:134 communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:147 consumer's surplus 3:356 cost 3:414 debt, public 4:32 demand and supply 4:101 econometric models, aggregate 4:348 economic growth 4:400 economics 4:484 fiscal policy 5:461, 463, 469 fiscal policy, wartime 5:472 government statistics 6:232 Hansen, Alvin 6:322 income distribution: size 7:146, 148 investment function, aggregate 8:193 land: classification 8:562 land reform 8:573 local finance 9:446, 447 metropolitan government 2:461 pension funds 11:523 physiocratic thought 4:444 planning, development 12:122 planning, welfare 12:144 plantations 12:156 price control and rationing 12:467 public expenditures 13:157, 161 public law, 13:187 Ricardo, David 13:511 Simons, Henry C. 14:261 Southeast Asia 1:428 Stamp, Josiah Charles 15:142 stratification, social 15:328 subsidies 15:363 tariffs and protectionism 8:114 unemployment insurance 16:187, 189 Viti de Marco, Antonio De 16:344 Wagner, Adolf 16:431 Whewell, William 16:532 Wicksell, Knut 16:451 see also Corporation income taxes; Death taxes; Excise taxes; Gift taxes; Income taxes; Personal income taxes; Property taxes; Sales taxes Taxonomy clustering 2:519 componential analysis 3:190
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-" [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
414
INDEX
Taylor, Frederick W.
historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:387 social structure 14:483, 486 typologies 16:177, 182 see also Typologies Taylor, Frederick W. administrative function 1:66 economy and society 4:502 engineering psychology 5:81 reward systems in industry 7:248 Tchebycheff inequality: see Bienayme-Chebyshev inequality TEACHING 15:560-565 educational organization 4:530 educational psychology 4:536 universities 16:192 Waller, Willard W. 16:444 workers 16:567 Teaching machines instrumental learning 9:133 programmed learning 9:182 Teamster's Union 8:536 TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 15:565576 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:521 fol. industrialization: economic aspects 7:261 Technicways Odum, Howard W. 11:271 Technological, Economic, Military and Political Evaluation Routine simulation: political processes 14:277 Technological change agriculture: developing countries 1:261 Clark, John Bates 2:506 consensus 3:265 economic growth 4:409, 410, 413 economics 4:480 income distribution 7:143 innovation 7:339 Institutional School 4:464, 465 international trade 8:88 land: classification 8:561 land reform 8:572, 573 land tenure 8:566 local finance 9:446 military 10:306 nationalization 11:74 optimum population theory 12:361 patents 11:468
plantations 12:156 population composition 12:368 population theories 12:354 production and cost analysis 12:519, 522 productivity 12:526, 529, 532 reference materials and books 7:324 rent 13:457 rural society 13:584 sociology of work 7:231, 235, 238 stagnation 15:138 technology 15:576, 582 time: social organization 16:32 transportation: economic aspects 16:137 transportation: social aspects 16:130 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:218 Veblen, Thorstein 16:305 welfare economics 16:511 Technological unemployment aging: psychological aspects 1:184 automation 1:483 nationalization 11:74 TECHNOLOGY 15:576-598 THE
STUDY
OF
TECHNOLOGY
15:
576-589 TECHNOLOGY AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 15:589-598 agriculture: capital 1:231 agriculture: comparative technology 1:202 agriculture: developing countries 1:258, 259 agriculture: labor 1:240 agriculture: productivity and technology 1:241 automation 1:480 Childe, V. Gordon 2:393 crafts 3:430 cultural adaptation 3:552 diplomacy 4:188 ecology 4:342 economic anthropology 4:360 economic growth 4:398, 401, 407 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:419 engineering 5:70, 78, 79 ethical issues in the social sciences 5:163
geography, political 6:120 hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:13 imperialism 7:105 industrial concentration 7:221 industrialization: economic aspects 7:253, 254 industrialization: social aspects 7:263 information storage and retrieval 7:302 Institutional School 4:466 investment function, aggregate 8:187 Kulischer, Eugene 8:465 land: economic aspects 8:553 military power potential 10:329 nuclear war 11:215, 220 occupations and careers 11:246 Oceanian society 11:259 patents 11:468 planning, resource 12:139 privacy 12:482 productivity 12:529 science-government relations 14:102 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:91 specialization and exchange 15:113 stratification systems, structure of 15:329 style 15:354 systems analysis 15:457 systems analysis, social 15:466 technical assistance 15:568 technology 15:576 Thurnwald, Richard 16:21 transportation: economic aspects 16:136 urban revolution 16:202 wages 16:414 war 16:463 workers 16:564 Teenager: see Youth TEGGART, FREDERICK J. 15:598599 Tehuacan valley domestication: the food-producing revolution 4:249 Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre evolution 5:205 TELEKI, PAL 15:600
"CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Thailand
Teleology Aristotle 1:408 causation 2:355 Darwin, Charles 4:8 functional analysis 6:23, 24 Miiller, Johannes 10:526 Telepathy parapsychology 11:386, 392 Television adult education 1:102 advertising research 1:110 audiences 3:71, 72, 74, 75, 77 communication, mass 3:47, 49, 50, 63, 87, 88 communication, political 3:94 control and public policy 3:58, 59 film 5:426, 428, 430 regulation of industry 13:395 socialization: psychological aspects 14:543 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:93 Temne tribe voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:359 Temperance movement drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:271 Temporal cortex mental disorders: experimental study 10:168 Temporal lobe nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:146 Temporary National Economic Committee antitrust legislation 1:353 Tenancy, Agricultural 8:575 Tendai Buddhism 2:182 Tennessee Valley Authority conservation: political and social aspects 3:278 organizational goals 11:307 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:370 Tenochtitlan urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:215 Tenon, Jacques Rene social research, early history of 15:39
Tension crisis 3:512 field theory 5:407 homeostasis 6:500 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:4 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:12 social control 14:384 social control: organizational aspects 14:401 Tension-reduction theory learning 9:124 personality 11:595 10th Victim, The (Sheckley) social science fiction 14:477 Tenure academic freedom 1:6, 7 judges 8:299 Teotihuacan urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:209, 210, 213, 215 Vaillant, George C. 16:278 Tepoztlan community-society continua 3:177 Redfield, Robert 13:351 TERMAN, LEWIS M. 15:601-604 educational psychology 4:534 homosexuality 14:225 individual differences 7:204 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:422 sex differences 7:211 Terms of trade 8:105 economic warfare 4:471 international integration: economic unions 7:544 international trade 8:86, 89 productivity 12:533 tariffs and protectionism 8:117 Terra, G. J. A. agriculture: comparative technology 1:203 Territoriality conflict of laws 3:248 enclaves and exclaves 5:60 social behavior, animal: the regulation of animal populations 14:362 state 15:145 war 16:469
415
Terrou, Fernand communication, mass: control and public policy 3:58 Terry, Milton F. scaling 14:32 Teritary Period evolution, primate 5:210 Test Anxiety Questionnaire 1:362 Test Ban Treaty (1963): see Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Testing, Achievement: see Achievement testing Testing, Aptitude: see Aptitude testing Testing, Hypothesis: see Hypothesis testing Testing, Mental: see Mental testing Testing, Psychological clinical psychology 2:515 conformity 3:254 factor analysis: psychological applications 5:285 homosexuality 14:227 Kelley, Truman L. 8:359 language, psychology of 9:3 psychology, applied 13:87 Rapaport, David 13:326 response sets 13:492 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:87 traits 16:126 see also Achievement testing: Aptitude testing; Intelligence testing; Personality measurement; Projective methods; Psychometrics Testosterone sexual behavior, animal 14:197 Tests of significance: see Significance, Tests of Tetrachoric correlation multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:540 Tewa Indians 7:191 Textbook of Psychiatry (Bleuler) 2:86 Texture-gradient concept perception, depth 11:543 perception: illusions and aftereffects 11:549 Thailand agriculture: capital 1:231, 234 area and population 12:377 Buddhism 2:174, 182
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
416
INDEX
Thalamus
ethnic groups 5:170 historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:422, 425, 426 literacy 9:413 neutralism and nonalignment 11:170 sex ratio 12:363 Southeast Asia 1:423 Thalamus nervous system: brain stimulation 11:151 nervous system: evolutionary and behavioral aspects of the brain 11:129 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:139 pain 11:361 Thalassa: A Theory of Genitality (Ferenczi) 5:368 Thanatos: see Death instinct Theater audiences 3:74 drama 4:256 North African society 1:135 Theil, Henri aggregation 1:166 index numbers: theoretical aspects 7:157, 158 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:109 simultaneous equation estimation 14:287 Thematic Apperception Test 12:573 fantasy 5:329 homicide 3:493 literature, psychology of 9:429 projective techniques 12:563 Theocracy 6:218 Theodorson, George A. community-society continua 3:179 Theology Aquinas, Thomas 1:375 Darwin, Charles 4:12 Hinduism 6:359 religion: psychological study 13:416 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:440 Suarez, Francisco 15:362 theology, primitive 15:604 typologies 16:181, 182 THEOLOGY, PRIMITIVE 15:604-608 Caribbean society 2:307
Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:174 sub-Saharan African society 1:142 see also Primitive religion Theoretical statistics 15:207 Theorie platonicienne des sciences, La (Halevy) 6:308 Theories of Perception (Allport) 1:273 Theory and Measurement of Demand, The (Schultz) 14:65 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:107 Theory of Economic Development, The (Schumpeter) 4:410 Theory of Games and Economic Behavior (von Neumann and Morgenstern) 4:35 Theory of Games and Statistical Decisions (Girschick and Blackwell) 6:192 Theory of Interest, The (Fisher) 5:478 Theory of Monopolistic Competition (Chamberlin) 2:509 Theory of Moral Sentiments, The (Smith) 14:323 sympathy and empathy 15:442 Theory of Political Economy, The (Jevons) 8:255, 256, 257 Theory of Social Economy, The (Cassel) 2:330 Theory of Social Structure, The (Nadel) 11:2 Theory of the Leisure Class, The (Veblen) 16:306 exchange and display 5:243 Therapeutic community 10:207 illness 7:94 medical care: social aspects 10:98 Therapist-patient relations clinical psychology 2:513 interviewing, therapeutic 8:172 mental disorders, treatment of: client-centered counseling 10:179, 180 mental disorders, treatment of: psychological treatment 10:174 psychoanalysis: therapeutic methods 13:31 Sullivan, Harry Stack 15:404 Therapy: see Mental disorders, Treatment of
Theravada Buddhism 2:165, 173, 182 Southeast Asia 1:427 Thermodynamics, Second law of evolution 5:204, 205, 208 Thermoluminescent dating archeology: research methods 1:389 Thermonuclear war: see Nuclear war Thibaut, John social psychology 14:465 THINKING 15:608-622 THE FIELD 15:608-615 COGNITIVE ORGANIZATION AND PROCESSES 15:615-622 Bartlett, F. C. 2:20 cognitive theory 2:538 creativity: psychological aspects 3:437 cybernetics 4:5 Descartes, Rene 4:129 developmental psychology 4:142 gestalt theory 6:162 intelligence and intelligence testing 7:425 Kulpe, Oswald 8:467 linguistics 9:367 Mead, George Herbert 10:85 primitive society 13:404 problem solving 12:505, 506 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:15 Rapaport, David 13:326 reasoning and logic 13:344 Titchener, Edward B. 16:89 Wertheimer, Max 16:525, 526 Wood worth, Robert S. 16:561 Thinking (Bartlett) 2:20 Third force (psychology) personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:1 Third International: see Comintern Thirst stimulation drives 15:268 Thirty-first Floor, The (Wahloo) social science fiction 14:477 Thirty Years' War 16:459 Thomas, C. Drayton parapsychology 11:395 Thomas, Edwin N. geography, statistical 6:149
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Time
INDEX THOMAS, W. I. 16:1-6 attitudes 1:449 communication, mass 3:52 community power 3:157 creativity: social aspects 3:445, 447,
449
deviant behavior 4:151, 153 political sociology 12:304 social control 14:383 Znaniecki, Florian 16:599 Thomas Aquinas: see Aquinas, Thomas Thompson, Charles Calvin, John 2:259 Thompson, Robert electrocoiivulsive shock 5:23 THOMPSON, WILLIAM 16:6-7 socialist economic thought 4:447 Thomsen, Vilhelm archeology 1:379 Thomson, Godfrey H. factor analysis: psychological applications 5:284, 285 factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:276 Thomson, William: see Kelvin, Lord Thonga ethnomedicine 10:89 Junod, Henri Alexandre 8:331 Thoreau, Henry David civil disobedience 2:478, 485 THORNDIKE, EDWARD L. 16:8-14 behavior therapy 10:190 educational psychology 4:534 factor analysis: psychological applications 5:284 Judd, Charles H. 8:282 Kohler, Wolfgang 8:440 learning 9:115, 123 problem solving 12:505 psychology, comparative 13:52 psychometrics 13:98 reinforcement learning 9:135 Robinson, James Harvey 13:537 Thurstone, L. L. 16:23 Thorndike, R. L. multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:550 THORNTON, HENRY 16:14-17 Thorpe, William instinct 7:369 Threat deterrence 4:130
stress 15:339, 341 systems analysis, psychological 15:488, 491 Three-stage least squares estimation simultaneous equation estimation 14:287 Three-variable tables tabular presentation 15:502 Threshold Fechner, Gustav Theodor 5:351 hearing 6:337 perception, unconscious 11:577 psychophysics 13:121 quantal response 13:238, 242 senses 14:173 social psychology 14:463 taste and smell 15:515 vision 16:323 fol. Threshold, Absolute: see Absolute threshold Threshold, Difference: see Difference threshold Threshold theorem time series: cycles 16:74 Thudichum, J. W. L. mental disorders: biological aspects 10:139 Thumb sucking socialization: psychological aspects 14:540 THUNEN, JOHANN HEINRICH VON 16:17-20 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:121 geography, economic 6:126 population distribution 12:375 rent 13:458 spatial economics: the partial equilibrium approach 15:97 Weber, Alfred 16:491 THURNWALD, RICHARD 16:20-22 THURSTONE, L. L. 16:22-25 Allport, Floyd H. 1:272 errors, nonsampling 5:115 factor analysis: psychological applications 5:284 factor analysis, statistical aspects 5:276 judicial behavior 8:309 judicial recruitment 8:323 Kelley, Truman L. 8:359 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:538 ranking methods 11:199
417
scaling 14:29 Spearman, C. E. 15:109 Thurstone's case scale 14:32 Thurstone's general model 14:29, 30 Thyroid gland sexual behavior, animal 14:198 Thyroxin mental disorders: biological aspects 10:143 Tiahuanaco urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:213 Tibbies, Thomas Henry Fletcher, Alice Cunningham 5:492 Tibet Buddhism 2:173, 174 monasticism 10:418 refugees: world problems 13:366 Tied ranks ranking methods 11:197 runs 11:195 Tienari, P. mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:130 Ties nonparametric statistics 11:180 Tikal urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:209 Tikopia (people) theology, primitive 15:607 Tilak, Bal Gangadhar Indian political thought 7:177 TIME 16:25-42 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS 16:25-30 SOCIAL ORGANIZATION 16:30-42
classical conditioning 9:127 consumption levels and standards 3:338 crisis 3:512 developmental psychology 4:144 geography, statistical 6:146 gestalt theory 6:169 knowledge, sociology of 8:431 mental disorders: biological aspects 10:141 millenarism 10:351, 352 psychology, existential 13:79 race 13:266 time budgets 16:42
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
418
INDEX
Time-and-motion study
Time-and-motion study psychology, applied 13:89 see also Taylor, Frederick W. Time between failures quality control, statistical: reliability and life testing 13:236 TIME BUDGETS 16:42-47 labor force: participation 8:475 planning, social 16:47 technology 15:579 time: social organization 16:38 Time lag information services 7:308 innovation 7:341 military 10:307 Time preference Galiani, Ferdinando 6:46 interest 7:477 Time reversal test Fisher, Irving 5:482 index numbers: theoretical aspects 7:155 TIME SERIES 16:47-88 GENERAL 16:47-59 ADVANCED PROBLEMS 16:59-70
CYCLES 16:70-80 SEASONAL ADJUSTMENT 16:80-88 Anderson, Oskar N. 1:286 cohort analysis 2:546 cross-section analysis 3:522 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:104 econometrics 4:358 errors in statistical assumptions 5:135 government statistics 6:231 investment function, aggregate 8:191 Lexis, Wilhelm 9:272 market analysis 9:569 Markov chains 9:581 organizations: methods of research 11:340 prediction and forecasting, economic 12:426, 428 production and cost analysis 12:521, 522 quasi-experimental design 5:261 statistical method, history of 15:230 statistics 15:214 Yule, G. Udny 16:591
Time to failure quality control, statistical: reliability and life testing 13:236 Tinbergen, Jan income distribution: size 7:150 simultaneous equation estimation 14:283 time series: cycles 16:76 Tinbergen, Nikolaas aggression: psychological aspects 1:169 ethology 5:186, 191 instinct 7:367 psychology, comparative 13:52, 58 Tintner, Gerhard time series: general 16:50, 54, 55 Tippett, L. H. C. order statistics 11:183 random numbers 13:310 TITCHENER, EDWARD B. 16:88-90 attention 1:444 concept formation 3:206 Ebbinghaus, Hermann 4:326 phenomenology 12:69 sympathy and empathy 15:445 Tithe philanthropy 12:73 Tito (Josip Broz) communism, national 3:113 Tiv (people) economic anthropology 4:362 judicial process: comparative aspects 8:294 political anthropology 12:199 societies, small 14:572 time: social organization 16:31 Tiwi (people) food: consumption patterns 5:510 Tkachev, Peter socialism 14:516 Tlingit Indians 7:184, 185, 187 Tobacco drug addiction: social aspects 4:299 smoking 14:335 Tobler, Waldo R. geography, statistical 6:149 TOCQUEVILLE, ALEXIS DE 16:90-95 Bagehot, Walter 1:500 bipartisanship 2:80 Bryce, James 2:160 consensus 3:267
mass society 10:61 Montesquieu 10:474 political sociology 12:304 political theory: trends and goals 12:322 politics, comparative 12:331 public opinion 13:193 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:364, 374, 376 Tod, James historiography, South and Southeast Asia 6:424 Todhunter, Isaac Pearson, Karl 11:497 statistical method, history of 15:226 Toes evolution, human 5:216 Togliatti, Palmiro communism, international 3:123 communism, national 3:117 Toilet training learning in children 9:181 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:222 personality development 11:612 socialization: psychological aspects 14:540 Tokugawa period historiography, Japanese 6:416 Japanese society 8:238 Tolerance distribution quantal response 13:243 Tolerance intervals estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:156 nonparametric statistics 11:180 order statistics 11:185 TOLMAN, EDWARD C. 16:95-98 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:12 Tolstoy, Leo civil disobedience 2:478 pacifism 11:354 Toltecs Tozzer, Alfred M. 16:116 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:213 Vaillant, George C. 16:278 Tompkins-Horn Picture Arrangement Test projective techniques 12: 564 Toms, William John folklore 5:497
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"j I cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. J
Trade associations
INDEX Tomski, Mikhail P. communism, Soviet 3:106 labor movement 8:521 Tonga sanctions 14:4 stateless society 15:163, 165 TONNIES, FERDINAND 16:98-103 agriculture: social organization 1:209 community-society continua 3:175 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:423 family: comparative structure 5:305 Maine, Henry Sumner 9: 532 Marxist sociology 10:47 public opinion 13:191 social research, history of 15:48 society 14:581 sociological thought 15:30 TOOKE, THOMAS 16:103-105 Tools agriculture: comparative technology 1:203, 205 Childe, V. Gordon 2:393 evolution, human 5:220, 221 food-producing revolution 4:245 hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:15 fol. hunting and gathering: Old World prehistoric societies 7:11 fol. Topological space mathematics 10:73 Topology mathematics 10:72 Toponyms geography, cultural 6:130 Torah canon law 2:267 Judaism 8:273 TORRENS, ROBERT 16:105-106 Torres Strait Expedition: see Cambridge Anthropological Expedition Torts administrative law 1:80, 83 international crimes 7:515 Maine, Henry Sumner 9:531 psychiatry, forensic 12:630 Total ophelimity Pareto, Vilfredo 11:402
Total utility 16:240, 241, 251 consumer's surplus 3:354 see also Absolute utility Total war military power potential 10:327 price control and rationing 12:466 see also Nuclear war TOTALITARIANISM 16:106-113 administrative function 1:65 alienation 1:267 authority 1:475 Chinese political thought 2:402 communication, mass 3:42 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:57 communism, Soviet 3:108, 110 dictatorship 4:161, 162, 164 fascism 5:334 fol. judicial process 8:290 loyalty 9:486 mass society 10:63 military policy 10:324 monarchy 10:414 national socialism 11:45 organizational intelligence 11:330 political culture 12:221 political executive 12:232 population 12:344 social movements 14:441, 449 socialism 14:524 Totem and Taboo (Freud) 6:10 religion: anthropological study 13:400 Totemism Frazer, James George 5:552 McLennan, John Ferguson 9:518 phobias 12:83 religion: anthropological study 13:402 Roheim, Geza 13:545 Schmidt, Wilhelm 14:56, 57 Touch communication, animal: communication models and signaling behavior 3:35 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:136 senses 14:173 sensory and motor development 14:185 TOURVILLE, HENRI DE 16:113-114 Toward a Concept of Workable Competition (Clark) 2:509
419
Townsend Movement voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:367, 371 TOYNBEE, ARNOLD 16:114-116 Ashley, William James 1:411 Toynbee, Arnold J. constitutional law: civil rights 3:313 creativity: social aspects 3:449, 454 environmentalism 5:95 periodization 11:583 Spengler, Oswald 15:129 Weber, Alfred 16:492 TOZZER, ALFRED M. 16:116-118 Vaillant, George C. 16:277 Tracking, Method of psychophysics 13:122 Trade 16:118 Aquinas, Thomas 1:375 colonialism: economic aspects 3:10 communism, international 3:130 economic anthropology 4:362 economics 4:484 geography, economic 6:126 Oceanian society 11:263 pastoralism 11:460 Southeast Asia 1:426 specialization and exchange 15:114 stock-flow analysis 15:274 sub-Saharan African society 1:150 transportation: social aspects 16:129 see also Internal trade; International trade; Trade and markets Trade, Balance of: see Balance of trade Trade agreements 8:129 cartels and trade associations 2:324 Trade Agreements Extension acts (U.S. 1945, 1955, 1958) 8:132 TRADE AND MARKETS 16:118-122 agriculture: marketing 1:246 economic warfare 4:470 exchange and display 5:239 export subsidies and dumping 8:123 gilds 6:186 international trade 8:83 Polanyi, Karl 12:173 state trading 8:136 Trade associations: see Cartels and trade associations
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
420
Trade cycles
Trade cycles: see Business cycles Trade Expansion Act (U.S. 1962) 8:132, 134 Trade quotas: see Quotas (trade) Trade unions: see Labor unions Trades Boards Act (Great Britain 1909) wage and hour legislation 16:420 Trades Union Congress (Great Britain) labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:526, 531 Tradition archeology 1:383 Burke, Edmund 2:222 culture 3:536 culture area 3:566 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:424 functional analysis 6:27 historiography, African 6:395 historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:423 intellectuals 7:404 militarism 10:303 military 10:307 modernization: political aspects 10:399 planning, welfare 12:147 prejudice 12:442 South Asia 1:414 village 16:319 Traditional society Chinese political thought 2:394 Chinese society 2:409 fertility 5:373 Japanese society 8:247 labor relations: developing countries 8:511 modernization: social aspects 10:389 pastoralism 11:457 political culture 12:221, 222 public interest 13:173 rural society 13:583 stagnation 15:139 Traffic intensity queues 13:257, 260 Training aging: psychological aspects 1:181. 184 industrial and business psychology 7:226
INDEX medical personnel 10:116 public administration 13:145, 152 social work 14:498 technical assistance 15:571 wages 16:406 workers 16:567 see also Education; Learning; Retraining; Skill, Acquisition of TRAITS 16:123-128 class culture 15:335 diffusion, cultural 4:170, 171 eugenics 5:195 evolution and behavior 5:235, 236 geography, cultural 6:130 historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:387 individual differences 7:200 leadership: psychological aspects 9:98 leadership: sociological aspects 9:105 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:507 moral development 10:485 personality 11:587 personality: contemporary viewpoints 12:3 personality measurement 12:35 political participation 12:258 political theory 12:312 Quetelet, Adolphe 13:250 runs 11:191 Wissler, Clark 16:560 Trance hypnosis 7:38 Tranmael, Martin syndicalism 15:450 Tranquilizers mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:198, 200, 205 psychology, applied 13:92 Transaction costs liquidity preference 9:398, 399 Transactions Commons, John R. 3:23 money: quantity theory 10:434 money: velocity of circulation 10:447 Transcendental numbers 10:71 Transfer of training 9:117, 168 classical conditioning 9:129 intellectual development 7:394 Judd, Charles H. 8:282
language, psychology of 9:2, 4 learning in children 7:179 reasoning and logic 13:348 skill, acquisition of 9:175 Thorndike, Edward L. 16:10 verbal learning 9:166 Transfer payments econometric models, aggregate 4:348 economics 4:478 international trade 8:89 local finance 9:449 subsidies 15:363 transportation: economic aspects 16:138 Transfer problem capital movements, private international 8:31 Transference conflict: psychological aspects 3:225 Homey, Karen 6:515 mental disorders, treatment of: psychological treatment 10:177 neurosis 11:162 psychoanalysis: therapeutic methods 13:33 psychology, existential 13:78 therapeutic community 10:210 Transformational-generative grammar linguistics 9:357 Transformational linguistics cultural anthropology 1:312 Transformations (statistics) distributions, approximations to 4:233 distributions, special continuous 4:228, 229 distributions, special discrete 4:222 Transformations of data 15:182 counted data 3:426 fiducial inference 5:405 goodness of fit 6:204, 205 linear hypotheses: regression 9:312 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:549 nonparametric statistics 11:176 psychometrics 13:98 statistical analysis, special problems of: outliers 15:179 statistics 15:221 time series 16:54
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
INDEX
Triffin, Robert
variances, statistical study of 16:293 Transhumance pastoralism 11:457 Transition probabilities Markov chains 9:582 queues 13:259 Transitional society Chinese society 2:413 modernization- social aspects 10:390 political culture 12:221 Transitory income consumption levels and standards 3:338 TRANSPORTATION 16:129-144 SOCIAL ASPECTS 16:129-134 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 16:134-140 COMMUTATION 16:140-144
capital, social overhead 2:287 city: comparative urban structure 2:469 city: the modern city 2:457 consumption levels and standards 3:336 economic growth 4:398 enclaves and exclaves 5:62 geography, economic 6:127 land: economic aspects 8:554 Launhardt, Wilhelm 9:48 markets and industries 9:579 planning, regional and urban 12:131
pricing policies 12:462 programming 12:556, 559 regulation of industry 13:391, 393, 394 rent 13:460 spatial economics: the partial equilibrium approach 15:96 subsidies 15:365 technology and international relalations 15:591 welfare economics 16:511 Transposition learning in children 9:180 Transvariation Gini, Corrado 6:189 Trattatu di sociologia generate (Pareto) 11:405 Trauma attitude change 1:459
Charcot, Jean Martin 2:385 neurosis 11:163 psychiatry 12:609 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:7 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:13 Treasury, Department of the (U.S.) budgeting 2:186 Treaties adjudication, international 1:50, 51 aggression: international aspects 1:175 alliances 1:269 conflict: political aspects 3:229, 230 conflict of laws 3:248, 249 disarmament 4:194 integration, functional 7:535 international law 7:550 international legislation 7:551 trade agreements 8:129 Treaties, Multilateral: see Multilateral treaties Treatise of Human Nature, A (Hume) 6:546 Treatise on Constitutional Limitations, A (Cooley) constitutional law 3:299 Treatise on Money (Keynes) banking, central 2:5 liquidity preference 9:396 Treatise on Probability, A (Keynes) 8:373, 375
Treaty of — : for specific treaties see under latter part of title, such as Versailles, Treaty of Tree-ring dating: see Dendrochronology TREITSCHKE, HEINRICH VON 16:144-146 Trend time series: advanced problems 16:63 time series: general 16:49 Trend-cycle curve time series: seasonal adjustment 16:84 Trend fitting time series 16:50 time series: advanced problems 16:65
421
Trent, Council of (1564) censorship 2:356 Trial-and-error learning psychology, physiological 13:65 see also Instrumental learning Trials adjudication, domestic 1:47 criminal law 3:500 judicial administration 8:300, 302 Trials, Political: see Political trials Triangle inequality mathematics 10:73 TRIBAL SOCIETY 16:146-151 age differentiation 1:158, 159 authority 1:476 conflict: anthropological aspects 3:238 death, social organization of 4:27 ethnography 6:442 family: comparative structure 5:310 feud 5:389 fol. hunting and gathering: contemporary society 7:21 Indians, North American 7:185 judicial process: comparative aspects 8:292, 293, 294 McLennan, John Ferguson 9:517 modern society, anthropological studies of 1: 334 nativism and revivalism 11:77 North African society 1:131 political anthropology 12:198 religion: anthropological study 13:404 segregation 14:146 Smith, William Robertson 14:333 socialism 14:526 South Asia 1:416 Southeast Asia 1:425 stateless society 15:159 fol., 161 sub-Saharan African society 1:138, 144 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:358 Tribunals: see Courts Tricksters myth and symbol 10:580 Triffin, Robert firm, theory of the 5:459 international monetary organization 8:25
CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
422
Trigeminal nerve
Trigeminal nerve nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:136 Trikaya Buddhism 2:172 Trilinear charts graphic presentation 6:250 Trimble, E. G. internment and custody 8:140 Trimming order statistics 11:186 statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:198 Trinity (theology) analytical psychology 1:280 Christianity 2:429 Trinomial distributions distributions, mixtures of 4:236 Triska, Jan communism, international 3:128, 129 Trobriand Islanders anthropology, comparative method in 1:340 exchange and display 5:240, 243 family: comparative structure 5:305, 307 folklore 5:499 interaction: social exchange 7:454 magic 9:522, 526 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:543 modern society, anthropological study of 1:336 myth and symbol 10:578 religion: anthropological study 13:404 Trochlear nerve nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:136 TROELTSCH, ERNST 16:151-155 Christianity 2:443 Meinecke, Friedrich 10:122 Michels, Robert 10:268 sects and cults 14:130, 132, 134 social movements 14:449 Weber, Max 16:496 TROTSKY, LEON 16:155-158 communism, Soviet 3:104, 106 labor movements 8:521 TROTTER, WILFRED 16:158-159 Troubled Sleep (Sartre) literature: political fiction 9:437
INDEX Truax v. Corrigan Holmes, Oliver Wendell 6:492 Trubetskoi, Nikolai S. linguistics 9:355 True value errors, nonsampling 5:113 Truman, David B. access to politics 1:10, 11 political behavior 12:204 rules of the game 13:572 Truman, Harry S. presidential government 12:452 technical assistance 15:566 Truman Doctrine containment 3:369 Truncation distributions, special discrete 4:221 errors, nonsampling 5:127 income distribution: size 7:150 statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:196 time series: advanced problems 16:64 Truncation and censorship 15:196 order statistics 11:183, 186 statistics 15:221 Trust territories 16:160, 162 TRUSTEESHIP 16:159-164 colonialism: political aspects 3:3 labor unions in the United States 8:537 Trusteeship Council (U.N.) 16:160 fol. Trusts antitrust legislation 1:350 fiscal policy 5:467 foundations 5:542 securities markets 14:140 Truth historiography, Islamic 6:411 ideology 7:73 James, William 8:231 positivism 12:392 scientific explanation 14:119 Troeltsch, Ernst 16:153 Truth-force: see Satyagraha Tsederbaum, lulii Osipovich: see Martov, Y. O. Tsimshian Indians 7:184 Tson-Kha-pa Buddhism 2:175
Tsouderos, John E. voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:367 Tuareg (people) pastoralism 11:459 Tuberculosis Pearson, Karl 11:502 Tucker, George national income and product accounts 11:21 Tuckman, Bruce W. systems analysis, psychological 15:493 Tuddenham, Read D. conformity 3:257 TUGAN-BARANOVSKII, MIKHAIL I. 16:164-167 business cycles 2:229 Tugwell, Rexford G. Institutional School 4:465 Tukey, J. W. linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:339, 341, 343, 345, 349 nonsampling errors 5:126 Tung Chung-shu Chinese political thought 2:403 Tunisia foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 North African society 1:125 fol. sex ratio 12:363 socialism 14:528 TURGOT, ANNE ROBERT JACQUES 16:167-168 anthropology 1:309 history, social 6:456 physiocratic thought 4:443, 444 utility 16:238 Turkana people (Kenya) age differentiation 1:158 stateless society 15:164 Turkey area and population 12:377 Bartol'd, Vasilii 13:303 credit, agricultural 3:468 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 Gokalp, Ziya 6:195 Islam 8:213 Islamic countries 11:90 literacy 9:413
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
INDEX
Tzotzil Indians
nation 11:9 pan movements 11:369 paternalism 11:475 population composition 12:365, 367 Radlov, Vasilii 13:303 refugees : world problems 13:362 suicide: psychological aspects 15:391 war 16:457 TURNER, FREDERICK JACKSON 16:168-170 Loria, Achille 9:474 region 13:380 Turner, Ralph H. reference groups 13:357 Turner, V. W. sanctions 14:3 Turnover tax communism, economic organization of 3:134 communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:147, 149 sales and excise taxes 15:551, 553 Turnpike theorem economic growth: mathematical theory 4:421 statics and dynamics in economics 15:176 Turnure, James mental retardation 10:244 Turvey, Ralph inflation and deflation 7:290 Tuscarora Indians: 7:196 Tussman, Joseph civil disobedience 2:484 Tutelo Indians 7:196 Tu Yu historiography, Chinese 6:400
Tversky, Amos decision making: psychological aspects 4:38 Twelve Tables, The capital punishment 2:290 Twenty-seven points
falangism 5:288 Twilight of Christianity, The (Barnes) Twins genetics and behavior 6:99 individual differences 7:201
intelligence and intelligence testing 7:427 mental disorders: biological aspects 10:144 mental disorders: genetic aspects 10:128 schizophrenia 14:46 Two-bend transformations statistical analysis, special problems of 15:189 Two-by-two table counted data 3:421 statistics, descriptive: association 15:241 survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:421 Two-sample problems nonparametric statistics 11:180 Two-sample tests significance, tests of 14:241, 242 Two-sided tests 14:243, 247 variances, statistical study of 16:296 Two-step flow theory communication, mass 3:51 communication, political: international aspects 3:98 diffusion: interpersonal influence
4:179 Two Treatises of Government (Locke) 9:466 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:322 Two-variable tables tabular presentation 15:500 Tyler, John constitutional law 3:296 TYLOR, EDWARD BURNETT 16:170-177 anthropology 1:310, 311 anthropology, comparative method in 1:343 Boas, Franz 2:102 culture 3:527, 537, 539 culture change 3:554 culturology 3:548 ethnology 5:183 evolution, cultural 5:223, 224, 226 McLennan, John Ferguson 9:518 Marett, Robert Ranulph 9:566 modern society, anthropological study of 1:330, 331, 337
423
religion: anthropological study 13:399 religion, sociology of 13:408 theology, primitive 15:605 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:220 Type I error hypothesis testing 7:44 multiple comparisons 9:347 quality control, statistical: process control 13:231 significance, tests of 14:239, 246 see also Power, Statistical Type II error hypothesis testing 7:44 quality control, statistical: process control 13:231 significance, tests of 14:244 see also Power, Statistical Typography reference materials and books 7:324 TYPOLOGIES 16:177-186 agriculture 1:208 Becker, Howard 2:40 community-society continua 3:174, 176 educational organization 4:527 genetics and race 6:110 linguistics 9:354 migration: social aspects 10:289 public opinion 13:206 scientific explanation 14:120 social institutions: comparative study 14:423 social order 15:27 Tonnies, Ferdinand 16:100 traits 16:123 tribal society 16:148 village 16:320 Weber, Max 16:499 white-collar crime 3:487 Tyranny dictatorship 4:161, 167 literature: political fiction 9:434, 438 monarchy 10:412 sovereignty 15:79 Tyson, Edward physical anthropology 12:86 Tzotzil Indians world view 16:578
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers. I
424
UDGs
INDEX
u UDGs: see Unilineal descent groups UIPPI: see International Union for the Protection of Industrial Property UMP tests: see Uniformly most powerful tests UMPU tests: see Uniformly most powerful unbiased tests UNEF: see United Nations Emergency Force UNESCO: see United Nations Edutional, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNHCR: see United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNICEF: see United Nations Children's Fund UNKRA: see United Nations Korean Relief Agency UNRW: see United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNSF: see United Nations Special Fund UR: see Unconditioned response US: see Unconditioned stimulus Uganda age differentiation 1:160 Uhle, Max Kroeber, Alfred L. 8:456 Ulama canon law 2:268 religious organization 13:431, 435 Ul'ianov, Vladimir Il'ich: see Lenin Ullman, Edward L. area 1:400 central place 2:365 Ulmer, Melville J. index numbers: practical applications 7:159 index numbers: theoretical aspects 7:158 Ulmer, S. Sidney judicial behavior 8:310, 311 Ulpian canon law 2:265 public law, comparative 13: 183 Ulyanov, Vladimir Ilyich: see Lenin Umayyad dynasty historiography, Islamic 6:408
Umbrella patent 11:468 Unanimity majority rule 9:536 Unbiasedness estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:153 point estimation 5:145 simultaneous equation estimation 14:282 see also Bias (statistics) Unbiasedness of chi-square test: see Chi-square test, Unbiasedness of Uncertainty economic expectations 4:390 entrepreneurship 5:88 investment decision 8:199 Knight, Frank H. 8:425 profit 12:549, 551 totalitarianism 16:110 welfare economics 16:511 Unconditioned reflex Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:482 Unconditioned response classical conditioning 9:127 learning 9:115 Unconditioned stimulus classical conditioning 9:127, 129 learning 9:115, 123 Unconscious analytical psychology 1:275 dreams 4:261 Freud, Sigmund 6:3, 7 Jung, Carl Gustav 8:328 Le Bon, Gustave 9:82, 83 personality 11:593 psychoanalysis: classical theory 13:2 psychoanalysis: ego psychology 13:16
psychosomatic illness 13:140 Seligman, C. G. 14:161 socialization, adult 14:558 Thematic Apperception Test 12:574 Unconscious perception 11:575 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:42 Under Western Eyes (Conrad) literature: political fiction 9:438 Underdeveloped countries: see Developing countries
Underemployment automation 1:483 employment and unemployment 5:53 labor force: definitions and measurement 8:472 Underemployment equilibrium income and unemployment theory 7:129 liquidity preference 9:405 Underbill, Frank H. Anglo-American society 1:291 Underidentification statistical identifiability 15:203 Understanding Locke, John 9:469 psychology, existential 13:81 science, philosophy of 14:89 Understanding Human Nature (Adler) 1:58, 59 Unemployment 5:49 econometric models, aggregate 4:348 economics 4:482 income and employment theory 7:123, 128 income distribution: size 7:149 individual psychology 7:217 industrial and business psychology 7:227 liquidity preference 9:402, 404, 407 North African society 1:128 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:109 unemployment insurance 16:188, 189 welfare state 16:513, 517 see also Cyclical unemployment; Employment; Frictional unemployment, Technological unemployment UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE 16:187-191 collective bargaining 8:497 fringe benefits 16:425 labor force: definitions and measurement 8:472 Uniform Code of Military Justice (U.S. 1950) 10:313, 314 Uniform crime reports homicide 3:490 white-collar crime 3:485
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
INDEX
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Uniform distributions (rectangular distributions ) distributions, special continuous 4:228 distributions, special discrete 4:221 goodness of fit 6:202 random numbers 13:308 Uniformitarianism archeology 1:380 Darwin, Charles 4:9 evolution 5:203, 208 Tylor, Edward Burnett 16:171 Uniformity cohesion, social 2:543 conformity 3:253 see also Conformity Uniformly most powerful tests estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:153 hypothesis testing 7:44 Uniformly most powerful unbiased tests estimation: confidence intervals and regions 5:153 hypothesis testing 7:44 Unilateral disarmament 4:196 Unilineal descent groups 8:402 Union Generale des Travailleurs Algeriens 1:131 Union Generale des Travailleurs Tunisiens 1:131 Union Marocaine du Travail 1:131 Union of International Engineering Organizations 5:77 Union of South Africa: see South Africa, Republic of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics academic freedom 1:8 adjudication, domestic 1:55 administrative function 1:65 advertising: economic aspects 1:109 aggression: psychological aspects 1:176 agriculture: production 1:225,227 alliances 1:269 apportionment 1:367 area and population 12:377 area studies 1:402 assimilation 1:440 authority 1:476 Bekhterev, Vladimir M. 2:46
blindness 2:88, 89, 91 brainwashing 2:139 budgeting 2:197 bureaucracy 2:212, 213 capitalism 2:300, 301 Chinese society 2:415, 417, 419 Christianity 2:445 city: the modern city 2:458 civil-military relations 2:493, 494 civil service 2:497 code law systems 9:215 commodity agreements, international 3:19 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:55, 57, 59 communication, political 3:93 communism, economic organization of 3:132, 137 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:140, 143, 144, 145 communism, economic organization of: international trade 3:151, 152, 153 communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:146 communism, international 3:119 communism, national 3:112 comparative law and legal systems 9:209 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:325 containment 3:369 crude death rate 4:402 dictatorship 4:162, 164 diplomacy 4:189 disengagement 4:212 economic data: die Soviet Union and Eastern Europe 4:370 economic growth 4:397 economic warfare 4:469 economics 4:475, 478 educational organization 4:528, 529 educational psychology 4:536, 537 engineering 5:72, 74, 75, 78 famine 5:322, 325 federalism 5:357 fertility control 5:387 fiscal policy, wartime 5:473 folklore 5:500 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:522
425
foreign aid: political aspects 5:514, 515, 517 geography, economic 6:127 geography, statistical 6:147 government 6:219 government statistics 6:237 gross national product per capita 4:403 human rights 6:541 illegitimacy 7:88 industrialization: economic aspects 7:254 information services 7:306 intelligence, political and military 7:417 interest 7:484 internal trade 7:493, 495 international conflict resolution 7:513 international law 7:549, 550 international organization: financing 8:49 international politics 8:55 international relations: ideological aspects 8:73 internment and custody 8:142, 143 Islamic countries 11:96 isolationism 8:219 Israel 11:105 jurisprudence 8:339 justice 8:346 labor force 4:403 labor force: hours of work 8:488 labor movement, theories of the 8:520 land: classification 8:562 land reform 8:573 learning theory 9:193, 194 legal systems—Soviet law 9:217 leisure 9:253 Lenin 9:254 limited war 9:304, 305 literacy 9:414 local government 9:452, 456 Marxism 10:44 Marxist sociology 10:51 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:201 mental retardation 10:235 migration: economic aspects 10:295 mortality 10:499 national character 11:17
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
426
Union shop
national wealth: estimation 11:58 nationalism 11:68 neutralism and nonalignment 11:166 nuclear war 11:216, 220 nuptiality 11:225 organization intelligence 11:330 pan movements 11:367 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:484, 485 peasantry 11:505 personality, political 12:20 personality measurement: situational tests 12:52 philanthropy 12:76 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:110 planning, social 12:127 plantations 12:158 political executive 12:229 political recruitment and careers 12:280 population 12:345 population growth 12:380 population policies 12:382, 386 power transition 12:416 radicalism 13:298 reference materials and books 7:322 representation 13:465 revolution 13:506 science-government relations 14:104 simulation: economic processes 14:272 socialism 14:518 socialist economic thought 4:451 space, outer: political and legal aspects 15:82 fol. space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:88, 91 style 15:359 technology and international relations 15:594 time: social organization 16:34 time budgets 16:43 totalitarianism 16:107 fol. universities 16:195, 196 vital statistics 16:341 war 16:460 see also Russia Union shop collective bargaining 8:498 Brandeis, Louis Dembitz 2:143
INDEX labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:528 Unions: see Labor unions Uniqueness theorem economic equilibrium 4:384 mathematics 10:69 probability, formal 12:495 Unit banking 1:515, 516 Unit normal distribution 4:223, 233 United Arab Republic area and population 12:377 community development 3:170 Islamic countries 11:97 neutralism and nonalignment 11:167 wages 16:411 United Automobile Workers collective bargaining 8:497 United Kingdom advertising 1:107 agriculture 1:252, 255 apportionment 1:366 area and population 12:377 blindness 2:87 capital movements, private international 8:28 census 2:361 commodity agreements, international 3:19, 21 comparative law and legal systems 9:207 death and gift taxes 15:556, 558 employment and unemployment 5:50, 51, 56 engineering 5:72, 74 federalism 5:355 fertility control 5: 385 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:524 geography, economic 6:128 government statistics 6:233 housing: economic aspects 6:522 income distribution: functional share 7:136 income taxes, personal 15:530 fol. index numbers: practical applications 7:164 industrialization: economic aspects 7:254 international monetary organization 8:17, 18 international trade: patterns of trade 8:109, 110, 111
international trade: terms of trade 8:105, 106 labor force: hours of work 8:488 medical care: economic aspects 10:103 migration: economic aspects 10:294, 296, 298 national wealth: estimation 11:58 oligopoly 11:284 operations research 11:291 patents 11:465 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:102 population composition 12:365, 367 population policies 12:386 resale price maintenance 13:480, 482 sales and excise taxes 15:552 sample surveys: nonprobability sampling 13:615 science-government relations 14:103, 105 securities markets 14:141 sex ratio 12:363 wages 16:411 see also England: Great Britain United Mine Workers of America 8:535, 536 influence on wages 8:545 United Mine Workers v. Coronado Coal Co. antitrust legislation 1:355 United Nations adjudication, international 1:50, 51, 52 aggression: international aspects 1:175 alliances 1:270 census 2:361 centralization and decentralization 2:376 collective security 2:565, 567 colonialism: political aspects 3:3 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:55 communism, international 3:129 conservation: political and social aspects 3:279 constitutional law: civil rights 3:313, 316 enclaves and exclaves 5:62
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS i |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
United States
INDEX foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 government statistics 6:231, 235 homicide 3:490 human rights 6:541 integration, functional 7:535 integration, global 7:531 international conflict resolution 7:509 international crimes 7:518 international cultural cooperation 7:520 international law 7:550 international legislation 7:552, 553 international organization: administration 8:41 fol. international organization: financing 8:47 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:34 fol. international politics 8:58 land reform 8:572 migration: economic aspects 10:295 migration: social aspects 10:290 nation 11:9 national income and product accounts 11:22, 30 nationalism 11:68 race relations: world perspectives 13:274, 276 refugees: world problems 13:368 sanctions, international 14:6, 7, 8 space, outer: political and legal aspects 15:83, 86 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:93 trusteeship 16:159 fol. war 16:454, 460 Zionism 16:596 United Nations Charter aggression 1:175 collective security 2:566 human rights 6:542 international legislation 7:555 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:34, 38 sanctions, international 14:6 trusteeship 16:159 war 16:454
United Nations Children's Fund international organization: financing 8:49 United Nations Emergency Force international organization: the process and the institutions 8:38 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 13:369, 371 United Nations Korean Reconstruction Agency refugees: world problems 13:364 United Nations Korean Relief Agency international organization: financing 8:49 United Nations Operation in the Congo international organization: financing 8:48 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:38 United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East international organization: financing 8:49 refugees: world problems 13:366 United Nations Special Fund foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 United States — : Anthropology anthropology, applied 1:327 culture 3:528 ethnohistory 6:440, 442 family: comparative structure 5:311 food: consumption patterns 5:508 hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:16 incest 7:116, 119 paternalism 11:474 Southeast Asia 1:432 —: Economics accounting 1:16, 20 advertising: economic aspects 1:106 aging: economic aspects 1:196, 197, 198 agricultural tenancy 8:567
427
agriculture: capital 1:231 agriculture: developing countries 1:258 agriculture: labor 1:236 agriculture: marketing 1:248 agriculture: price and income policies 1:250, 253, 254, 256 agriculture: production 1:225 agriculture: productivity and technology 1:241 banking 1:515, 520 banking, central 2:3, 4, 5, 7 budgeting, government 2:186 business cycles 2:227, 230, 231, 241 capital, human 2:280, 285 capital movements, private international 8:27, 28, 30, 31 capitalism 2:294, 296, 297, 300 collective bargaining 8:492, 493 commodity agreements, international 3:18, 19, 20 communism, economic organization of 3:137 communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:146 competition 3:186 consumer assets 3:343 consumer sovereignty 3:332 consumption function 3:362, 367 consumption levels and standards 3:335 cooperatives 3:395 corporation 3:396 corporation income taxes 15:538 fol. credit, agricultural 3:468 credit, government 3:461 death and gift taxes 15:555 debt, public 4:29 econometric models, aggregate 4:347, 349
economic growth 4:397 economic history 6:470 economic thought: the historical school 4:456 economic thought: the institutional school 4:462 economic warfare 4:469 economies of scale 4:493 economy and society 4:505
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
428
United States
employment and unemployment 5:50, 51, 53, 55, 56, 58, 59 export subsidies and dumping 8:122 financial intermediaries 5:433, 437 fiscal policy 5:465, 467, 470 fiscal policy, wartime 5:471, 473 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:521, 524
fringe benefits 16:425 fol. gross national product per capita 4:403 housing: economic aspects 6:522 income distribution: functional share 7:132, 134, 137, 141 income distribution: size 7:149 income taxes, personal 15:529 fol. industrial concentration 7:221 industrial disputes, settlement of 8:507, 509 industrialization: economic aspects 7:254, 255, 257, 258, 260, 261 industry, small 7:273 inflation and deflation 7:290, 296, 299 installment credit 7:356, 358 interest 7:483 internal trade 7:494, 495, 496 international integration: economic unions 7:542 international monetary organization 8:23, 24 international organization: financing 8:49 international trade: patterns of trade 8:111, 112 inventory behavior 8:178 investment decision 8:201 labor force 4:403 labor force: definitions and measurement 8:469 labor force: hours of work 8:488 labor force: markets and mobility 8:483 labor force: participation 8:474, 476, 479, 480 labor unions 8:533 labor unions: influence on wages 8:540 laissez-faire 8:547 land: classification 8:557 land: economic aspects 8:555
INDEX land reform 8:571 local finance 9:446 fol. markets and industries 9:579 medical care: economic aspects 10:102 mergers 10:249, 254 migration: economic aspects 10:293 fol., 298 money 10:426, 427, 429 money: quantity theory 10:435, 443, 445 money: velocity of circulation 10:448 national income and product accounts 11:21, 28, 33 national wealth: distribution 11:59, 61 national wealth: estimation 11:55 fol. patents 11:462, 464, 469 pension funds 11: 523 poverty 12:402 price control and rationing 12:464 price history 12:475 productivity 12:528, 529, 532, 534 property taxes 15:545 regulation of industry 13:390 resale price maintenance 13:482 research and development, industrial 13:483 reward systems in industry 7:249 sales and excise taxes 15:550, 552 securities markets 14:140 simulation: economic processes 14:271 state trading 8:137 subsidies 15:365 survey analysis: applications in economics 15:430, 433 tariffs and protectionism 8:114, 115 taxation 15:523, 527 technical assistance 15:566 trade agreements 8:130, 131, 132, 134 transportation: economic aspects 16:134, 138
unemployment insurance 16:187, 188, 189
wage and hour legislation 16:420 wages 16:402, 408, 410, 411, 412, 415 welfare state 16:515 workers 16:567 workmen's compensation 16:573 — : Education academic freedom 1:7 adult education 1:101 counseling psychology 3:416 educational organization 4:528, 529 educational psychology 4:535, 537 educational systems 4:516 foundations 5:542 information services 7:305, 308 reference materials and books 7:319 school enrollment 4:402 universities 16:195, 196 — : Geography area studies 1:401, 404 environmentalism 5:94 geography, cultural 6:129 geography, economic 6:124, 125 geography, statistical 6:147 landscape 8:576 region 13:380 water resources 16:478 — : History anti-Semitism 1:348, 349 colonialism: economic aspects 3:10 falangism 5:291 federalism 5:354, 356, 358, 363 pan movements 11:366 syndicalism 15:450 —: Law adjudication, domestic 1:43, 44, 46 adjudication, international 1:55 administrative law 1:81, 82 antitrust legislation 1:350 capital punishment 2:292 censorship 2:358, 359 code law systems 9:216 common law systems 9:212 comparative law and legal systems 9:207, 209 comparative public law 13:186 conflict of interest 3:242
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.)
INDEX
United States
conflict of laws 3:246 constitutional law: civil liberties 3:311
constitutional law: civil rights 3:314 constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:302 human rights 6:541, 543 internment and custody 8:141 judicial administration 8:298 judicial discretion 8:321 judicial process 8:285 judicial recruitment 8:323 judicial review 8:303 fol. judicial values 8:315 jurisprudence 8:335, 336 legal profession 9:69, 70 legal reasoning 9:201 military law 10:308, 313, 317 natural rights 11:88, 89 public law 13:176, 180 -: Political Science access to politics 1:13 administrative function 1:62, 63, 64, 69 administrative process 1:72 alliances 1:269 apportionment 1:366 bipartisanship 2:79 budgeting as a political process 2:194, 195, 197 centralization and decentralization 2:375 city: metropolitan government 2:457, 460, 463, 464 civil disobedience 2:482 civil-military relations 2:492, 494 civil service: 2:496 fol. commissions, government 3:13 communication, political 3:94 community power 3:157 conservation: political and social aspects 3:271 conservatism 3:292, 294 constitutional law 3:296 constitutions and constitutionalism 3:323 delegation of powers 4:73 diplomacy 4:188, 189 ethical issues in the social sciences 5:164, 165 foreign aid: political aspects 5:514, 515
foreign policy 5:530 government 6:222 identification, political 7:58 ideology and the social system 7:80, 82 imperialism 7:102 intelligence, military 11:323 intelligence, political and military 7:416, 419 interest groups 7:490 international conflict resolution 7:513 international politics 8:54, 57 isolationism 8:217 Latin American political movements 9:39 leadership: political aspects 9:109 legislation 9:227, 228 legislatures 9:233, 234 liberalism 9:279 limited war 9:304, 305, 306 lobbying 9:442 local government 9:452, 456 local politics 9:460, 461, 462, 463 military policy 10:320, 321, 322, 323 national security 11:40, 43 nationalism 11:66 neutralism and nonalignment 11:166 nonpartisanship 11:201 nuclear war 11:216, 219 office, misuse of 11:274 oligopoly 11:284, 286 organizational intelligence 11:330 parties, political: party units 11:430, 431, 432, 433 personality, political 12:19 personality, political: conservatism and radicalism 12:26 pluralism 12:168 political clubs 12:215, 217 political executive 12:229 political financing 12:236, 239 political group analysis 12:243, 244 political machines 12:249, 251 political participation 12:255, 259 political recruitment and careers 12:280 political sociology 12:303 political theory 12:311
429
politics, comparative 12:331 population policies 12:387 presidential government 12:451 propaganda 12:587 public administration 13:145 public opinion 13:189, 193 radicalism 13:297 representation 13:465 representational behavior 13:476 representational systems 13:466 responsibility 13:499 rules of the game 13:571 fol. science-government relations 14:101 fol. socialization, political 14:551, 552, 553, 554 sovereignty 15:77 space, outer: political and legal aspects 15:82 fol. strategy 15:285 systems analysis: political systems 15:476 technology and international relations 15:590 fol., 594 totalitarianism 16:108 fol. trusteeship 16:160 war 16:460 -: Psychiatry depressive disorders 4:126 mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:195 psychiatry, child 12:614, 619 psychiatry: the religio-psychiatric movement 12:635 schizophrenia 14:42 -: Psychology achievement motivation 1:31 adolescence 1:89, 94 atttiude change 1:460, 461 clinical psychology 2:517 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:86, 89, 90
drinking and alcoholism: psychological aspects 4:266 engineering psychology 5:82 fantasy 5:333 mental health 10:219 mental retardation 10:235 military psychology 10:333 obesity 11:228 prejudice 12:440, 447 psychological warfare 13:46 fol. self concept 14:156
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers.J
430
United States v.E.C. Knight Co.
smoking 14:335 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:87, 91 —: Sociology adoption 1:98 aging: social aspects 1:190 agriculture: social organization 1:208, 211 Anglo-American society 1:289, 291 assimilation 1:439 fol. blindness 2:87, 89 bureaucracy 2:211, 216 Caribbean society 2:309 Christianity 2:440, 442 city; comparative urban structure 2:468 communication, mass 3:44, 47, 48 communication, mass: audiences 3:75, 76, 77, 79 communication, mass: control and public policy 3:55, 58 fol. communication, mass: television and its place in mass culture 3:65 community development 3; 170 consensus 3:268, 269 creativity: genius and ability 3:460 crime, causes of 3:475 crime, offense patterns 3:483 crime, white-collar crime 3:485, 486 criminology 3:508 death and bereavement 4:22 delinquency 4:76, 79 drinking and alcoholism: social aspects 4:271, 273 drug addiction: social aspects 4:299, 300, 302 engineering 5:72 fol., 78 equality as an ideal 5:110 family: disorganization and dissolution 5:314, 316, 318 fertility 2:547; 5:375, 377, 379 fertility control 5:384 film (cinema) 5:428, 430 fine arts: the recruitment and socialization of artists 5:448 gambling 6:59 homelessness 6:497, 498 homicide 3:490, 491, 492 homosexuality 14:229
housing: social aspects 6:520 illegitimacy 7:86, 89 interaction, social 7:436 journalism 8:271 law, sociology of 9:55 leisure 9:252 medical personnel: paramedical personnel 10:116, 117, 119 medical personnel: physicians 10:106, 110 Middle American society 10:274, 277 migration: social aspects 10:286, 288 minorities 10:366 mortality 10:499, 500, 501 music and society 10:569, 570 norms 11:209, 210 nuptiality 11:225 occupations and careers 11:249, 251, 252 penology 11:515 philanthropy 12:76 planning, regional and urban 12:129 planning, resource 12:138 planning, social 12:127 planning, welfare 12:143, 147, 152 police 12:175 fol. population: the field of demography 12:346 population composition 12:365, 367, 368, 369 population distribution 12:372 prejudice: social discrimination 12:448 privacy 12:484 professions 12:541 prostitution 12:593, 597 public health 13:167 public relations 13:209, 210 race 13:264 race relations: social-psychological aspects 13:278, 279, 280 race relations: world perspectives 13:270, 272, 274 refugees: adjustment and assimilation 13:376 religious observance 13:423 fol. religious specialists: sociological study 13:447
INDEX rural society 13:581, 584, 585 scientists 14:107 segregation 14:146 sex ratio 12:363 sexual behavior: social aspects 14:204 social change 14:374 social class 15:311, 314 social class, measurement of 15:323 social control 14:385, 388, 391 social mobility 14:432, 434 social movements 14:445 fol. social work 14:496, 498 society 14:582 sociology, development of 15:9, 12, 17 stratification, social 15:294 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:364 fol. —•-. Statistics area and population 12:377 census 2:361 crude death rate 4:402 government statistics 6:231 fol. index numbers: practical applications 7:162 life tables 9:293 operations research 11:291 vital statistics 16:341 United States v. E. C. Knight Co. 1:351 United States v. Hutcheson 1:355 United States v. New York Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company 1:354 United States v. Paramount 5:427 United States v. United Shoe Machinery Corp. 1:354 United States v. United States Steel Corp. 1:352 Univariate distributions distributions, special continuous 4:223 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (U.N. 1948) constitutional law: civil rights 3:317 human rights 6:542, 544 policy sciences 12:183 Universalism political science 12:289
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
Utilitarianism
INDEX Universalism-particularism Anglo-American society 1:290 community-society continua 3:178 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:425 UNIVERSITIES 16:191-199 academic freedom 1:4,5 area studies 1:402, 404 education and society 4:521 educational organization 4:529 educational systems 4:512 historiography, African 6:398 historiography, Chinese 6:404, 406 India 10:407 medical personnel 10:115 modernization: the bourgeoisie 10:408 professions 12:539, 542 research and development: financing social research 13:487, 490, 492 science, sociology of 14:96 science-government relations 14:101, 103 scientists 14:108 sociology 15:4, 12, 17 teaching 15:563 vocational rehabilitation 16:352 voluntarv associations: sociological aspects 16:363 Unkelbach, Helmut parties, political 11:444, 448 Unskilled workers plantations 12:155 productivity 12:533 wages 16:408, 409, 410 Untersuchungen liber die Theorie des Preises (Auspitz and Lieben) 1:470 Untouchables Buddhism 2:183 caste 2:337, 339 constitutional law: civil rights 3:313 Hinduism 6:362 South Asia 1:419, 420, 421 UNWIN, GEORGE 16:199-200 Unwin, Joseph D. sexual behavior: social aspects 14:206 Upper class class culture 15:336
modernization: the bourgeoisie 10:402 national socialism 11:47 social control 14:387 sub-Saharan African society 10:406 Veblen, Thorstein 16:306 Upper Paleolithic Breuil, Henri 2:151 Uppsala School Ehrlich, Eugen 4:541 Uprooted, The (Handlin) historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:382 Urban communities: see City Urban League race relations: world perspectives 13:275 Urban planning 12:129 city: metropolitan government 2:462 Geddes. Patrick 6:82 housing: social aspects 6:518 Middle American society 10:278 Urban renewal city: forms and functions 2:453 housing: social aspects 6:518 planning, regional and urban 12:132 URBAN REVOLUTION 16:201-221 INTRODUCTION 16:201-207
EARLY CIVILIZATIONS OF THE NEW WORLD 16:207-217 THE CONCEPT OF CIVILIZATION 16:218-221 Childe, V. Gordon 2:392 city: forms and functions 2:448 commutation 16:141 feudalism 5:398 Vaillant, George C. 16:278 Urban society agriculture: social organization 1:214 fertility 5:376 Mannheim, Karl 9:559 political machines 12:250 privacy 12:481 rural society 13:581 smoking 14:337 sub-Saharan African society 1:151 time: social organization 16:38 tribal society 16:150
431
voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:364 Urbanization Christianity 2:434 delinquency 4:77 economic growth 4:400 housing: economic aspects 6:524 housing: social aspects 6:517 industrialization: economic aspects 7:258 industrialization: social aspects 7:268 land reform 8:571 neighborhood 11:122 North African society 1:131 population distribution 12:372 Redfield, Robert 13:352 rural society 13:584 transportation: social aspects 16:129 see also City Uruguay Latin American political movements 9:41 migration: economic aspects 10:294, 295 population distribution 12:374 sales and excise taxes 15:552 South American society 15:65 USHER, ABBOTT P. 16:221-224 Usury agriculture: social organization 1:212 Aquinas, Thomas 1:376 banking 1:513 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:432, 434 interest 7:473 Ute Indians 7:188 UTILITARIANISM 16:224-236 THE PHILOSOPHY 16:224-229 SOCIOLOGICAL THOUGHT 16:229236 Austin, John 1:472 Beccaria 2:37 Bentham, Jeremy 2:55 consensus 3:267 Durkheim. Emile 4:312, 315 Halevy, Elie 6:308 interaction, social 7:430, 431 justice 8:343, 345 liberalism 9:278
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS I cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers.
432
INDEX
Utilitarianism
Mill, John Stuart 10:342 moral development 10:486 pacifism 11:355 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:411 society 14:578 utility 16:236 Webb, Sidney and Beatrice 16:489 Weber, Max 16:495 Utilitarianism (Mill) 10:342 Utilities, Public: see Public utilities UTILITY 16:236-267 consumer's surplus 3:354 decision making: economic aspects 4:45, 49, 53 decision making: psychological aspects 4:34, 37 demand and supply 4:100 Dupuit, Jules 4:308 econometrics 4:357 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:422 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:432 economics 4:473 economics of defense 4:489 gambling 6:54 index numbers: theoretical aspects 7:157 Lexis, Wilhelm 9:274 Marshall, Alfred 10:28, 31 Mill, John Stuart 10:342, 343 models, mathematical 10:380 Pantaleoni, Maffeo 11:379 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:402, 413, 414 Pigou, Arthur Cecil 12:92 planning, welfare 12:146 Say, Jean Baptiste 14:24 utilitarianism 16:232 von Mises, Ludwig 16:379 welfare economics 16:504, 505, 509 Utility, Absolute: see Absolute utility Utility, Marginal: see Marginal utility Utility, Total: see Total utility Utopia (More) literature: political fiction 9:432 UTOPIANISM 16:267-275 UTOPIAS AND UTOPIANISM 16:267-
271 THE DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTAL COMMUNITIES
anarchism 1:284
16:271-275
Buber, Martin 2:162 democracy 4:116 equality as an ideal 5:108 Fourier, Charles 5:548 history, intellectual 6:466 literature: political fiction 9:432 Owen, Robert 11:352 social science fiction 14:474 socialism 14:507 socialist economic thought 4:446 Veblen, Thorstein 16:304 Utrecht, Treaty of (1713) 16:457 Uxorilocality descent groups 8:404
V VDC: see Vietnam Day Committee VINITI (Vsesoyuznyi Institut Nauchnoi i Technecheskoi Informatsii): see All-Union Institute of Scientific and Technical Information VRA: see Vocational Rehabilitation Administration V-mask quality control, statistical: process control 13:233 Vacations collective bargaining 8:496 fringe benefits 16:425 labor force: hours of work 8:488 time series: seasonal adjustment 16:81 Vagrancy homelessness 6:496 Vagus nerve nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:136 VAILLANT, GEORGE C. 16:277279 Vaishya Indian caste system 2:339 Vajrayana Buddhism 2:172 Valence (psychology) field theory 5:407, 409 Valenstein, Elliot S. nervous system: brain stimulation 11:154
Valentine, Charles W. aesthetics 1:119 Validity achievement testing 1:39 aptitude testing 1:373 economic data 4:368 historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:374, 382 interviewing: personality appraisal 8:162 interviewing: social research 8:150 Kelsen, Hans 8:363 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 12:44 personality inventories 12:41 protective techniques 12:566 psychometrics 13:105 quasi-experimental design 5:260 Rorschach test 12:571 simulation: political processes 14:280 statistics as legal evidence 15:249 Thematic Apperception Test 12:575 vocational interest testing 16:346 Validity coefficient: see Coefficients of validity Value (economic) Aftalion, Albert 1:156 aggregation 1:166 Austrian School 4:458, 460 Bastiat, Frederic 2:25 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:120 Cairnes, John Elliott 2:258 Cantillon, Richard 2:270 capital 2:274 Carey, Henry C. 2:305 Clark, John Bates 2:505 coalitions 2:527 Cooley, Charles H. 3:380 cost 3:404 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:430, 432 Fisher, Irving 5:476 Galiani, Ferdinando 6:45 geography, economic 6:126 Institutional School 4:463, 464, 466 Jevons, William Stanley 8:255, 256, 257 land: economic aspects 8:555 Longfield, Samuel Mountifort 9:473
fCAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Variability
INDEX Marshall, Alfred 10:27 national income and product accounts 11:25, 27 national wealth: estimation 11:52, 53 science, philosophy of 14:86 Torrens, Robert 16:105 utility 16:236, 242 water resources 16:479, 480 welfare economics 16:505, 506 Wicksteed, Philip Henry 16:544 Wieser, Friedrich von 16:549 Value, Critical: see Critical value VALUE, LABOR THEORY OF 16:279-283 capital 2:275 communism, economic organization of 3:137 interest 7:484 Locke, John 9:467 Ricardo, David 13:510 socialist economic thought 4:449 utility 16:237, 264 Value judgment 16:290 intellectual history 6:466 VALUES 16:283-291 THE CONCEPT OF VALUES 16:283-
287 VALUE SYSTEMS 16:287-291
aging: psychological aspects 1:182 aging: social aspects 1:187, 194 attitudes 1:454, 457 Becker, Howard 2:40 bibliographic issues in the behavioral sciences 7:330 Brecht, Arnold 2:146, 147 class culture 15:334, 335 content analysis 3:373 creativity 3:439 Croce, Benedetto 3:518 cultural relativism 3:545 culture 3:532 Dewey, John 4:157 Durkheim, Emile 4:314 engineering 5:73 errors, nonsampling 5:113 ethnomedicine 10:92 family: comparative structure 5:309 Gokalp, Ziya 6:195 honor 6:504 ideology 7:67
ideology and the social system 7:77, 82 industrialization: social aspects 7:266 interaction: social exchange 7:457 internment and custody 8:146 interviewing: personality appraisal 8:165 Japanese society 10:405 judicial values 8:315 Kelsen, Hans 8:365 Kluckhohn, Clyde 8:420 leadership: political aspects 9:109 leisure 9:253 Lewin, Kurt 9:268 Lundberg, George 9:492 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:507 medical personnel 10:111 mental health 10:217, 219 militarism 10:303 Mill, John Stuart 10:345 millenarism 10:355 moral development 10:489 national interest 11:36 North African society 1:132 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:313 planning, social 12:126 planning, welfare 12:146 policy sciences 12:182 political culture 12:218 political theorv 12:311 pollution 12:339 propaganda 12:583 public policy 13:205 reference groups 13:358 role: sociological aspects 13:555 Scheler, Max 14:40 science, sociology of 14:94, 95 scientists 14:109 self concept 14:157 sex differences 7:209 social class 15:305 social control 14:384, 393 social differentiation 14:406 social mobility 14:429 social problems 14:454, 458 socialization, adult 14:558, 560 societies, small 14:573 sociology 15:4 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:93 stratification, social 15:291
433
suicide: social aspects 15:382 systems analysis, social 15:463 Thomas, W. I. 16:5 Thurstone, L. L. 16:23 Tourville, Henri de 16:113 utilitarianism 16:233 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:374 world view 16:579 Van Busschbach, J. G. parapsychology 11:388 Van der Leeuw, Gerardus Levy-Bruhl, Lucien 9:264 religion, sociology of 13:408 Van Gennep, Arnold: see Gennep, Arnold van Van Lennep, D. J.: see Lennep, D. J. van Van Riper, Charles speech pathology 9:15, 16 Van Wagenen, Richard international relations 8:63 Vance, Jack social science fiction 14:476 Vandalism crime: offense patterns 3:480 Vandenberg, Arthur H. bipartisanship 2:79 Vander Zanden, James W. assimilation 1:438 Vanderbilt, Arthur T. judicial administration 8:298 Vanoni Plan planning, economic: Western Europe 12:102 Vansina, Jan culture history 6:450 ethnohistory 6:444 Vaqf foundations 5:542 Vargas, Getulio Latin American political movements 9:44 Variability errors, nonsampling 5:121, 122, 124 Gini, Corrado 6: 189 goodness of fit 6:199 social institutions: comparative study 14:426 statistics 15:208, 218 statistics, descriptive 15:238 survey analysis 5:414
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
434
Variability models
variances, statistical study of 16:292 Variability models scaling 14:29 Variable cost 3:409 Variable effects model analysis of variance 9:326 Variables, Method of quality control, statistical: acceptance sampling 13:229 Variance errors in statistical assumptions of 5:138 index numbers: sampling 7:167 linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:346 multivariate analysis 10:530, 532, 533 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:550 probability, formal 12:492, 493 psychometrics 13:104 sample surveys 13:602, 603 significance, tests of 14:242 statistical analysis, special problems of: grouped observations 15:194 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:182, 188 statistics 15:215 statistics, descriptive: location and dispersion 15:238 Variance, Analysis of: see Analysis of variance Variance, Sampling distribution of (Helmert distribution) Cosset, William Sealy 6:211 Variance heterogeneity errors in statistical assumptions 5:138 variances, statistical study of 16:298 Variance-ratio distributions: see F-distributions Variance stabilization statistical analysis, special problems of: outliers 15:178 statistical analysis, special problems of: transformations of data 15:182, 186, 189 Variance-to-mean ratio goodness of fit 6:205
INDEX Variances: see Variance VARIANCES, STATISTICAL STUDY OF 16:292-300 Variate difference method Anderson, Oskar Nikolayevich 1:286 time series: advanced problems 16:64 time series: general 16:54 Variation, Coefficients of: see Coefficients of variation Variation, Uncontrolled sources of errors, nonsampling 5:123 Variation of Plants and Animals Under Domestication, The (Darwin) 4:11 Variations in Value Orientations (Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck) errors, nonsampling 5:117 Varieties of Religious Experience, The (James) 8:232 Varimax factor analysis: psychological applications 5:283 Varna caste 2:339 Hinduism 6:358 Vassalage feudalism 5:395 Vatican Council I canon law 2:266 Vatican Council II anti-Semitism 1:349 canon law 2:266 Christianity 2:445 VATTEL, EMER DE 16:300-303 international law 7:548 Vauban, Marshall national income and product accounts 11:20 Vauban, Sebastien Le Prestre de leisure 9:249 social research, history of 15:38 Vaughan, C. E. Rousseau, Jean Jacques 13:567 VEBLEN, THORSTEIN 16:303-308 Clark, John Bates 2:505 consumer behavior 3:351 Davenport, Herbert J. 4:16 engineering 5:78 exchange and display 5:243 Historical School 4:456 Institutional School 4:462
Japanese society 8:247 knowledge, sociology of 8:432 leisure 9:252 Marxist sociology 10:49 Mills, C. Wright 10:363 political sociology 12:304 Robinson, James Harvey 13:534 social class 15:302 status, social 15:255 Vector correlation coefficient multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:552 Vectors mathematics 10:72 multivariate analysis 10:528 Vedas Indian political thought 7:170 Velocity of circulation 10:447, 431 economics 4:481 financial intermediaries 5:436 fiscal policy 5:462 Fisher, Irving 5:478 inflation and deflation 7:291 liquidity preference 9:394, 400, 407 money: quantity theory 10:433, 436, 437, 443, 444 Thornton, Henry 16:15 Venezuela caudillismo 2:349 hunting and gathering: New World prehistoric societies 7:19 literacy 9:413 migration: economic aspects 10:295 population composition 12:365 simulation: economic processes 14:272 South American society 15:65 Verba, Sidney authority 1:476 political culture 12:224 Verbal art folklore 5:497 linguistics 9:368 sub-Saharan African society 1:149 see also Folklore Verbal behavior language, psychology of 9:1 fol. speech community 9:381, 383 Verbal learning 9:160, 114, 117 intellectual development 7:389, 395
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-T [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers bers. J
Vision
INDEX language development 9:9 fol. language, psychology of 9:1 learning in children 9:180 learning theory 9:193, 195 mental retardation 10:237 Miiller, Georg Elias 10:524 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:42 Verbal mediation theory mental retardation 10:235 Verdross, Alfred public interest 13:172 Verein fur Socialpolitik (Berlin) social research, history of 15:49, 50 Verifiability principle positivism 12:390 Schlick, Moritz 14:54 Verner, Coolie adult education 1:100, 105 Veroff, Joseph achievement motivation 1:32 Verplanck, William S. thinking, cognitive organization and processes 15:615 Versailles, Treaty of (1919) international crimes 7:516 war 16:458 VERSTEHEN 16:308-313 Dilthey, Wilhelm 4:185, 186 Schutz, Alfred 14:73 science, philosophy of 14:90 Vertebrates nervous system: evolutionary and behavioral aspects of the brain 11:127 social behavior, animal 14:346 Vestibular nerve nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:136 Veterans Administration credit, government 3:461 Vetter, George B. Allport, Floyd H. 1:272 VICO, GIOVANNI BATTISTA 16:313-316 Burckhardt, Jacob 2:205 Croce, Benedetto 3:518 geography, social 6:136 periodization 11:582 VIDAL DE LA BLACHE, PAUL 16:316-318 environmentalism 5:93
geography, social 6:136 region 13:379 Vienna, Treaty of (1815) 16:458 Vietnam 1:423 ethnomedicine 10:90 historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:423, 425 limited war 9:304, 306 refugees: world problems 13:364 Vietnam Day Committee civil disobedience 2:483 Villa Rojas, Alfonso Redfield, Robert 13:351 VILLAGE 16:318-322 age differentiation 1:160 agriculture: history 1:215 Chinese society 2:413, 420 city: forms and functions 2:449 community development 3:170 cooperation 3:385 crafts 3:432 feudalism 5:395 food-producing revolution 4:249 Indian political thought 7:177 Islamic countries 11:91 Israel 11:112 local politics 9:460 neighborhood 11:121 Oceanian society 11:261 Redfield, Robert 13:351 societies, small 14:572 South Asia 1:413, 417, 419, 420, 421 southeast Asia 1:425 sub-Saharan Africa 1:144, 153 urban revolution 16:203 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:359, 360 see also City; Natural village Villard, Oswald Garrison isolationism 8:219 Villerme, Louis R. social research, history of 15:46 Vimalakirti Sutra, Exposition of 2:175 Viner, Jacob international trade 8:90 Vink, A. P. A. land: classification 8:557 Vinya Buddhism 2:169
435
Violence civil disobedience 2:479 civil war 7:499, 500 communication, mass: effects 3:87 communication, mass: television 3:65 Fanon, Frantz 5:326, 327 feud 5:389 homicide 3:493 international politics 8:56 North Africa 1:132 pacifism 11:353 fol. peace 11:487, 492 political process 12:269 Sorel, Georges 15:60 totalitarianism 16:109 Virginia Plan: see Randolph Plan Virilocality descent groups 8:404 Virtue Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:508 natural law 11:82 Vishnu: see Visnu Vishnugupta: see Kautilya VISION 16:323-340 OVERVIEW 16:323-327 EYE MOVEMENTS 16:327-329 COLOR VISION AND COLOR BLINDNESS 16:329-336 VISUAL DEFECTS 16:336-340 communication, animal: communication models and signaling behavior 3:35 evolution, human 5:217 Helmholtz, Hermann von 6:347 Hering, Ewald 6:351 infant development 7:276, 278 mental disorders: organic aspects 10:135 Muller, Georg Elias 10:524 nervous system: structure and function of the brain 11:136, 144 perception 11:529 perception, depth 11:541 perceptual development 11:538 phenomenology 12:71 psychophysics 13:120, 124 senses 14:173 senses: central mechanisms 14:179
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
436
INDEX
Visnu
sensory and motor development 14:183 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:615 Wertheimer, Max 16:523 Visnu Hinduism 6:360 Visual acuity 16:323 visual defects 16:336 Visual defects 16:336 Visual fusion 16:338 Vital revolution, Theory of the population 12:345 VITAL STATISTICS 16:340-343 census 2:360 family: disorganization and dissolution 5:318 government statistics 6:230 Graunt, John 6:254 mortality 10:498 population 12:343 population composition 12:363 social research, history of 15:36 statistical method, history of 15:226 suicide: social aspects 15:378 survey analysis 15:412 Tarde, Gabriel 15:511 Walker, Francis A. 16:439 Willcox, Walter F. 16:554 Vitalism systems analysis 15:452 Vitet, Louis art and society 5:445 VITI DE MARCO, ANTONIO DE 16:343-345 Vitoria, Francisco de human rights 6:541 Vivisection ethical issues in the social sciences 5:164 Vocabulary culture history 6:453 language development 9; 10 perception, speech 11:557 Vocational guidance counseling psychology 3:415, 416 Paterson, Donald G. 11:478 VOCATIONAL INTEREST TESTING 16:345-350 sex differences 7:209 workers 16:570
VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION 16:350-355 blindness 2:88, 90 Vocational Rehabilitation, Office of (U.S.) 16:352 Vocational Rehabilitation Administration (U.S.) 16:352 Vocational training education and society 4:517, 524 fine arts: the recruitment and socialization of artists 5:451 penology 11:515 see also On-the-job training Vodun; see Voodoo Vogel, John client-centered counseling 10:182 Vogt, Evon Z. culture 3:556 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:439, 440 social structure 14:483 Voice of America communication, mass: effects 3:86
Voisin, Felix psychiatry, child 12:615 Volkergedanken Bastian, Adolf 2:23 Volkmann, John A. social psychology 14:466 Volney, Constantin social research, history of 15:40 VOLTAIRE 16:355-357 social history 6:456 Volterra, Vito utility 16:256 Voluntary arbitration industrial disputes, settlement of 8:508 VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS 16:357-379 ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASPECTS 16:357-362 SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS 16:362-
379
aging 1:191 Christianity 2:442 Gierke, Otto von 6:178 gilds 6:184 Lindsay, A. D. 9:309 music and society 10:572
organizational goals 11:307 pluralism 12:166, 168 political boss 12:214 political group analysis 12:241 social movements 14:441 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:92 Weber, Max 16:498 see also Interest groups; Organizations; Political clubs Von Bortkiewicz, Ladislaus: see Bortkiewicz, Ladislaus von Von Frey, Max pain 11:361 Von Gierke, Otto: see Gierke, Otto von Von Helmholtz, Hermann: see Helmholtz, Hermann von Von Koenigswald, G. H. R. Weidenreich, Franz 16:503 VON MISES, LUDWIG 16:379-382 VON MISES, RICHARD 16:382-385 probability 12:498 VON NEUMANN, JOHN 16:385-387 coalitions 2:525, 528 decision making: economic aspects 4:52 decision making: psychological aspects 4:35 economic equilibrium 4:379 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:420 game theory: economic applications 6:69 game theory: theoretical aspects 6:62, 65 statics and dynamics in economics 15:176 Von Neumann ratio time series: general 16:52 Von Savigny, Friedrich Carl: see Savigny, Friedrich Carl von Von Stein, Lorenz: see Stein, Lorenz von Von Thiinen, Johann Heinrich: see Thiinen, Johann Heinrich von Von Wiese, Leopold: see Wiese, Leopold von Von Wieser, Friedrich: see Wieser, Friedrich von Voodoo Caribbean society 2:315 Metraux, Alfred 10:263
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"j [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.]
Wagner-Jauregg, Julius von
INDEX Vorschule der Aesthetik (Fechner) 5:352 Votchina regime feudalism 5:400 Voter registration constitutional law: civil rights 3:315 VOTING 16:387-395 communication, political 3:92 communism, international 3:129 Condorcet 3:214 cross pressure 3:519 decision making: political aspects 4:57 elections 5:1 fol. game theory: theoretical aspects 6:67 identification, political 7:58, 59 judicial behavior 8:310 judicial values 8:318 Key, V. O., Jr. 8:367 legislation 9:229 personality, political 12:19 political behavior 12:206 political efficacy 12:225, 226 political group analysis 12:244 political machines 12:250 political participation 12:254 political science 12:288 political sociology 12:300 power 12:412, 413 public expenditures 13:159 public opinion 13:190, 193 reason analysis 13:338 representational behavior 13:474, 476, 477 representational systems 13:470 survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:421 see also Elections Vows (religious) monasticism 10:418 Voyeurism: see Peeping Vroom, Victor H. industrial and business psychology 7:226 Vyshinskii, Andrei la. communication, mass: control and public policy 3:59 socialist legal systems-Soviet law 9:218
WAIS: see Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale WAS: see Women's Anthropological Society WFTU: see World Federation of Trade Unions WHO: see World Health Organization Waddington, C. H. evolution and behavior 5:238 Wage and hour legislation 16:418 Wage differentials 16:405 spatial economics: partial equilibrium approach 15:98 Wage-fund doctrine 16:399 Walker, Francis A. 16:439 Wage lags inflation and deflation 7:297, 298 Wage-price spiral inflation and deflation 7:293 Wage rigidity 16:407 income and employment theory 7:130 labor unions: influence on wages 8:543 liquidity preference 9:402, 406 WAGES 16:397-429 THEORY 16:397-403 STRUCTURE 16:403-414 SYSTEMS OF PAYMENT 16:414-418 WAGE AND HOUR LEGISLATION 16:418-424 FRINGE BENEFITS 16:424-429
agriculture: history 1:216, 220 automation 1:487 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:122 business cycles 2:234, 237, 241 Cantillon, Richard 2:269 collective bargaining 8:493, 495 communism, economic organization of 3:135 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:141 communism, economic organization of: public finance 3:148 demand and supply 4:103 economic growth 4:409, 418, 420 economic thought: ancient and medieval thought 4:434
437
economics 4:478 employment and unemployment 5:49 income and employment theory 7:128, 129 income distribution: functional share 7:132, 133, 140 inflation and deflation 7:297 Keynes, John Maynard 8:371 labor force: hours of work 8:489 labor force: markets and mobility 8:482, 485 labor force: participation 8:475, 477 labor movement, theories of the 8:521 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:527, 531, 532 labor unions: influence on wages 8:540 liquidity preference 9:403 Longfield, Samuel Mountifort 9:473 mercantilist thought 4:439 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:315 plantations 12:158 price history 12:471 fol. productivity 12:531, 533 reward systems in industry 7:247 Rodbertus, Johann Karl 13:540 Simiand, Francois 14:251 socialist economic thought 4:450 statics and dynamics in economics 15:169 strikes 8:503 Thiinen, Johann Heinrich von 16:18 unemployment insurance 16:189 utopianism 16:273 Walker, Francis A. 16:439 Whewell, William 16:531 workers 16:568 workmen's compensation 16:574 see also Earnings; Salaries WAGNER, ADOLF 16:429-432 suicide: social aspects 15:378 Wagner, Philip L. geography, cultural 6:132, 133 Wagner-Jauregg, Julius von mental disorders, treatment of: somatic treatment 10:194, 196
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
438
INDEX
Wahhdbism
Wahhabism Islam 8:215 Wahlke, John rules of the game 13:574 Wahlb'o, Peter social science fiction 14:477 Wahrnehmung und Gegenstandswelt (Brunswik) 2:157 Waiting-line theory: see Queues WAITZ, THEODOR 16:432-434 Wakashan language 7:184 WAKEFIELD, EDWARD GIBBON 16:434-435 colonialism: economic aspects 3:7 Waksberg, Joseph errors, nonsampling 5:121 Walapai Indians 7:190 WALD, ABRAHAM 16:435-438 decision theory 4:62, 64 economic equilibrium 4:379 goodness of fit 6:202 point estimation 5:149 Schlesinger, Karl 14:51 sequential analysis 14:188, 189, 191 simultaneous equation estimation 14:288 statistical method, history of 15:230 time series 16:52 von Mises, Richard 16:383 Wald-Wolfowitz statistic nonparametric statistics 11:180 Walden Two (Skinner) social science fiction 14:479 Waldo, Dwight administrative function 1:67 Wales crime: offense patterns 3:479, 481, 482 crude death rate 4:402 gross national product per capita 4:403 labor force 4:403 school enrollment 4:402 vital statistics 16:341, 342 Walk, Richard D. perceptual development 11:537 Walker, Charles human relations in industry 7:243 Walker, Evelyn G. content analysis 3:372
WALKER, FRANCIS A. 16:438-440 government statistics 6:232 Wall, Patrick D. pain 11:361 skin senses and kinesthesis 14:304 Wallace, Alfred Russel Darwin, Charles 4:9 Wallace, Anthony F. C. acculturation 1:24 Wallace, Walter organizations: methods of research 11:341 Wallach, Michael A. aesthetics 1:117 WALLAS, GRAHAM 16:440-443 political behavior 12:204 political science 12:291 WALLER, WILLARD W. 16:443-445 educational organization 4:526 family: disorganization and dissolution 5:316 Wallerstein, Immanuel voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:373, 374 Wallin, J. E. Wallace clinical psychology 2:514 Wallis, Dave social science fiction 14:478 Wallis, W. Allen time series 16:51 WALLIS, WILSON D. 16:445-447 Walpole, Horace statistics 15:218 Walras, Auguste Walras, Leon 16:447, 450 WALRAS, LEON 16:447-453 Austrian School 4:458, 459 Barone, Enrico 2:17 demand and supply 4:98 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:105 econometrics 4:351 economic equilibrium 4:377 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:417 Fisher, Irving 5:478, 481 Gossen, Hermann Heinrich 6:209 international trade: mathematical theory 8:99 Marshall, Alfred 10:26 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:399, 404 production 12:511 profit 12:548
Schlesinger, Karl 14:51 socialist economic thought 4:452 stock-flow analysis 15:273 utility 16:240, 243, 245, 249 welfare economics 16:504 Walsh, John E. order statistics 11:189 Walsh Committee foundations 5:545 Walsh-Healy Public Contracts Act (U.S. 1936) Walters, Richard H. delinquency: sociological aspects 4:81 motivation, human 10:516 socialization: psychological aspects 14:543 Wang An-shih Chinese political thought 2:405 Wang Ch'ung Chinese political thought 2:403 Wang Fu-chih Chinese political thought 2:407 Wang Shou-jen Chinese political thought 2:406 Wang Yang-ming: see Wang Shoujen Waning of the Middle Ages, The (Huizinga) 6:533 Wappo Indians 7:190 Waqf: see Vaqf WAR 16:453-472 THE STUDY OF WAR 16:453-468 PRIMITIVE WARFARE 16 : 468-472
achievement motivation 1:31 aggression: international aspects 1:174 balance of power 1:507 fol. civil-military relations 2:493 Clausewitz, Karl von 2:512 colonialism: political aspects 3:2 culture 3:553 deterrence 4:130 diplomacy 4:190, 191 Douhet, Giulio 4:254 economic warfare 4:468 feud 5:391 fiscal policy, wartime 5:471 Grotius, Hugo 6:257 homelessness 6:497 imperialism 7:103 individual psychology 7:217
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"] articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.J
Wealth
INDEX integration, functional 7:535 internal warfare 7:499 international monetary organization 8:19 international organization: the process and the institutions 8:35, 37 international politics 8:51, 56 international relations: ideological aspects 8:70, 73 international relations: psychological aspects 8:75 internment and custody 8:140, 141 James, William 8:232 limited war 9:301 Machiavelli, Niccolo 9:510 militarism 10:300 military law 10:313, 317 military policy 10:321 military power potential 10:326, 327 national security 11:41 nuclear war 11:214 pacifism 11:353 power transition 12:417 presidential government 12:452 price control and rationing 12:465, 466 psychological warfare 13:46 refugees: world problems 13:362 revolution 13:501 Richardson, Lewis Fry 13:514 sanctions, international 14:6 slavery 14:309 state 15:149 strategy 15:281, 284 sub-Saharan Africa 1:149 systems analysis, international 15:480, 482 tariffs and protectionism 8:115 technology and international relations 15:592 urban revolution 16:204 War, Limited: see Limited war War, Nuclear: see Nuclear war War, Total: see Total war War crimes international crimes 7:517 military law 10:318 political justice 12:247
War game simulation: political processes 14:275 War on poverty welfare state 16:519 WARD, JAMES 16:472-473 Stout, G. J. 15:280 WARD, LESTER F. 16:473-476 Giddings, Franklin H. 6:176 Pound, Roscoe 12:396 social problems 14:453 sympathy and empathy 15:443 Ward, Norman budgeting 2:194 Ward, Russell Anglo-American society 1:298 Warfare, Aerial: see Aerial warfare Warfare, Economic: see Economic warfare Warfare, Internal.- see Internal warfare Warfare, Naval: see Naval warfare Warfare. Political: see Political warfare Warfare, Primitive: see Primitive warfare Warfare, Psychological: see Psychological warfare Warner, W. Lloyd human relations in industry 7:244 Mayo, Elton 10:82 modern society, anthropological study of the 1:332 social class 15:308 social class, measurement of 15:323 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:365 Warning lines quality control, statistical: process control 13:232 Warranted rate of growth economic growth: mathematical theory 4:418 Warren, Earl constitutional law: distribution of powers 3:306 Warren, Robert Penn literature: political fiction 9:436 Warring States Period (481-221 B.C.) historiography, Chinese 6:400
439
Warriors feudalism 5:397 militarism 10:301 sub-Saharan Africa 1:148 WASHBURN, MARGARET FLOY 16:476-477 Washington, Booker T. Park, Robert E. 11:416 Washington, George constitutional law 3:296 isolationism 8:217 presidential government 12:452 Wassermann, August von somatic treatment 10:196 WATER RESOURCES 16:477-484 conservation 3:272, 287 planning, resource 12:138 Watson, G. S. goodness of fit 6:204 WATSON, JOHN B. 16:484-487 affection 1:121 behavior therapy 10:190 Bekhterev, Vladimir M. 2:45 classical conditioning 9:126 concept formation 3:207 developmental psychology 4:138 emotion 5:36 Holt, Edwin B. 6:493 Lashlev. Karl S. 9:28 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 11:485 socialization: psychological aspects 14:535 Tolman, Edward C. 16:96 Watt. H. J. concept formation 3:207 Walters, R. F. agriculture: comparative technology 1:204 Waugh, Frederick V. demand and supply: econometric studies 4:109 time series: general 16:55 Wave lengths vision 16:324 Wave theory (linguistics) linguistics, historical 9:380 speech community 9:383 Wavell, Archibald strategy 15:282 Wealth accounting 1:16 consumption function 3:366 cost 3:414
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-1 I cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers.J
440
Wealth, National
economic anthropology 4:362 equality as an ideal 5:110 inflation and deflation 7:298 investment decision 8:195 liquidity preference 9:398 mercantilism 4:438 money: quantity theory 10:440 money: velocity of circulation 10:452 national wealth: distribution 11:59 political process 12:271 stratification, social 15:293 Wealth, National: see National wealth Wealth of Nations (Smith) 14:324, 325 laissez-faire 8:546 national income and product accounts 11:20 profit 12:547 public expenditures 13:157 specialization and exchange 15:111 sympathy and empathy 15:442 Weaning learning in children 9:181 socialization: psychological aspects 14:540 Weapons military policy 10:320, 322 nuclear war 11:219 strategy 15:282 Weapons, Nuclear: see Nuclear weapons Weapons systems peace 11:489 science-government relations 14:102 strategy 15:285, 287 technology and international relations 15:593 Weather forecasting Richardson, Lewis Fry 13:514 space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:92 Weaver, Thomas R. mental retardation 10:240 WEBB, SIDNEY AND BEATRICE 16:487-491 Beveridge, William Henry 2:71 labor movement 8:518 socialism 14:513
INDEX socialist economic thought 4:448 sociology 15:9 WEBER, ALFRED 16:491-493 spatial economics: the partial equilibrium approach 15:96 WEBER, ERNST HEINRICH 16:493 Fechner, Gustav Theodor 5:350 psychophysics 13:123 senses 14:174 WEBER, MAX 16:493-502 achievement motivation 1:30 administrative behavior 1:75, 76 administrative function 1:67 alienation 1:267 Anglo-American society 1:291 authority 1:474 Bernstein, Eduard 2:69 Biicher, Karl 2:164 bureaucracy 2:206, 214, 215 charisma 2:387 Christianity 2:442 comparative law and legal systems 9:208 conflict: social aspects 3:232 death and bereavement 4:20 economic growth: noneconomic aspects 4:424 economy and society 4:501 educational organization 4:527 empires 5:41 ethical systems and social structures 5:158 evolution, social 5:233 feudalism 5:394 government 6:223 Hinduism 6:364 history, intellectual 6:464 ideology 7:70 ideology and the social system 7:77 interaction, social 7:433, 435 law, sociology of 9:51, 52 leadership: sociological aspects 9:103, 104 legal profession 9:69 legal system 9:60, 63, 64 legitimacy 9:247 Marxist sociology 10:48 Michels, Robert 10:265 organizations 11:298, 301, 302, 312, 336 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:411 paternalism 11 •. 472
political anthropology: political organization 12:193, 198 political sociology 12:299 power 12:406 religion: anthropological study 13:400 religion, sociology of 13:408, 412 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:438 religious specialists: sociological study 13:446 Schutz, Alfred 14:72, 73 social class 15:300, 303, 304 social institutions: comparative study 14:422, 424 social research, easiiy history of 15:50 social structure 14:484 societal analysis 14:566 society 14:582 sociological thought 15:25, 30 sociology 15:20 Southeast Asia 1:424 state 15:146 stratification, social 15:290 Tocqueville, Alexis de 16:91 Tonnies, Ferdinand 16:100 Troeltsch, Ernst 16:151, 152 typologies 16:181, 183 utilitarianism 16:234 Verstehen 16:311 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:364, 369 welfare state 16:513 Weber-Fechner law: see Weber's law Weber's law Fechner, Gustav Theodor 5:351 Muller, Georg Elias 10:524 psychophysics 13:123 Weber, Ernst Heinrich 16:493 Webster, Noah nationalism 11:65 Webster's Third New International Dictionary 7:323 Wechsler, David intelligence and intelligence testing 7:423 mental disorders: organic aspects 10:135 Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale 7:423 Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children 7:423
("CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Whelpton,P.K.
INDEX Weddell, Graham skin senses and kinesthesis 14:301 Wei Yang: see Shang Yang Weibull distributions 4:225 order statistics 11:184 quality control: reliability and life testing 13:236 Weick, Karl E. thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:620 WEIDENREICH, FRANZ 16:502-503 Weightlessness space, outer: social and psychological aspects 15:89 Weights (statistics) factor analysis: statistical aspects 5:277 index numbers: practical applications 7:162 index numbers: sampling 7:166 Weimar Republic crisis government 3:515, 516 Weiner, Myron parties, political: party systems 11:449 Weininger, Otto infancy: the effects of early experience 7:285, 286 Weiss, Albert Paul Bloomfield, Leonard 2:97 Weiss, Lionel goodness of fit 6:204 Weitzenhoffer, Andre M. suggestion 15:372 Weizmann, Chaim Zionism 16:595 Welch, B. L. errors in statistical assumptions 5:139 Weldon, W. F. R. Gallon, Francis 6:52 Pearson, Karl 11:498 Welfare, Child: see Child welfare Welfare, Social: see Social welfare Welfare capitalism Institutional School 4:464 welfare state 16:520 workers 16:570 WELFARE ECONOMICS 16:504-512 Barone, Enrico 2:16 consumer sovereignty 3:328 consumer's surplus 3:354 econometrics 4:353
export subsidies and dumping 8:123 international integration: economic unions 7:543 international trade 8:85, 90 international trade: terms of trade 8:107 international trade controls: quantitative restrictions and quotas 8:128 Launhardt, Wilhelm 9:49 Marshall, Alfred 10:31 monopoly 10:466 optimum population theory 12:358 Pareto, Vilfredo 11:414 Pigou, Arthur Cecil 12:91, 93 planning, economic: Western Europe 12:103 planning, welfare 12:144 public expenditures 13:157, 161 sales and excise taxes 15:553 socialist economic thought 4:453 tariffs and protectionism 8:120 trade agreements 8:135 WELFARE STATE 16:512-521 Bentham, Jeremy 2:56 collective bargaining 8:492 Hobson, John A. 6:490 housing: social aspects 6:520 Kautilya 8:355 laissez-faire 8:547 liberalism 9:281 local politics 9:463 philanthropy 12:75 planning, welfare 12:143 public health 13:169 socialism 14:525 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:376 Weltanschauung Dilthey, Wilhelm 4:186 Mannheim, Karl 9:557 natural law 11:80 Sorokin, Pitirim A. 15:62 see also World View Werner, Heinz mental disorders: experimental study 10:165 perceptual development 11:538 WERTHEIMER, MAX 16:522-527 gestalt theory 6:159, 164 Koffka, Kurt 8:435
441
Kohler, Wolfgang 8:438 phenomenology 12:71 Wesenwille Tonnies, Ferdinand 16:100 Wesley, John government 6:223 Wesolowski, Wlodzimierz social class 15:308 WEST, EDWARD 16:527-528 West Germany: see Germany, West WESTERGAARD, HARALD 16:528529 WESTERMARCK, EDWARD 16:529531 ethical systems and social structures 5:159 Malinowski, Bronislaw 9:543 Western Electric studies: see Hawthorne studies Westernization Chinese society 2:413 Hinduism 6:365 modernization: social aspects 10:386 North Africa 1:127 Westlake, John adjudication, international 1:54 Weston, J. Fred mergers 10:253 Westphal, Carl F. phobias 12:81 Westphalia, Peace of (1648) Calvin, John 2:259 war 16:457 What Is Literature (Sartre) literature, sociology of 9:419 What Is Property (Proudhon) anarchism 1:283 What Is To Be Done (Lenin) 9:257 communication, political 3:94 communism, Soviet 3:104 Wheat agriculture: price and income policies 1:252 commodity agreements, international 3:18, 19 Wheeler, Lester R. mental retardation 10:232 Wheeler, Stanton social control 14:393 Whelpton, P. K. fertility 5:376
FcAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-~| [_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
442
INDEX
Whewell, William
WHEWELL, WILLIAM 16:531-532 Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 13:285, 286 Whigs Blackstone, William 2:83 Burke, Edmund 2:221 Senior, Nassau William 14:170 White, Leonard D. public administration 13:147 White, Leslie A. cultural adaptation 3:551, 552 culture change 3:556 kinship 8:398 White, Morton historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:391 White, Ralph K. field theory 5:410 White, Robert W. attitudes 1:465 drives, physiological 4:277 emotion 5:40 humor 7:1 White, Winston friendship 6:15 ideology and the social system 7:84 White-collar crime 3:483 Sutherland, Edwin H. 15:438 White-collar workers business cycles 2:243 labor force: hours of work 8:489 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:526 Middle American society 10:282 occupations and careers 11:251, 253 social mobility 14:432 wages 16:410 White Lotus (Hersey) social science fiction 14:478 White Plan international monetary organization 8:20 WHITEHEAD, ALFRED NORTH 16:532-536 evolution 5:203, 205 positivism 12:389 Whiteman, Martin blindness 2:90 Whitin, T. M. aggregation 1:166
Whiting, Beatrice conflict: anthropological aspects 3:240 Whiting, John W, M. anthropology 1:312 conflict: psychological aspects 3:225 ethnology 5:183 gambling 6:55 psychoanalysis: experimental studies 13:43 socialization: anthropological aspects 14:546, 547, 549 Whitman, Walt nationalism 11:65 Whittle, P. size distributions in economics 14:297 WHORF, BENJAMIN L. 16:536-538 language and culture 9:22 Who's Who in American Education 7:323 Whyte, William F. friendship 6:14 human relations in industry 7 •. 242 WICKSELL, KNUT 16:538-544 Austrian School 4:460 business cycles 2:229 interest 7:481 money: quantity theory 10:433 profit 12:548 public expenditures 13:158 WICKSTEED, PHILIP HENRY 16:544-545 production 12:511 Wiener, Leo Wiener, Norbert 16:546 WIENER, NORBERT 16:545-547 cybernetics 4:4, 5 information theory 7:331 Wiepkema. P. R. ethnology 5:190 WIESE, LEOPOLD VON 16:547-549 sociology 15:20 WIESER, FRIEDRICH VON 16:549550 Austrian School 4:459, 460 Bohm-Bawerk, Eugen von 2:120 utility 16:243 Wikler, Abraham drug addiction 4:296, 297
Wilcoxon's test errors in statistical assumptions 5:134, 135, 138 hypothesis testing 7:42, 45 nonparametric statistics 11:178, 181 ranking methods 11:197 statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:198, 199 Wildlife conservation: economic aspects 3:288, 280 Wilensky, Harold L. communication, mass 3:48, 52 occupations and careers 11:253 Wilk, M. B. goodness of fit 6:205 WILKS, S. S. 16:550-553 multivariate analysis 10:527, 533, 535 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:538 Wilks X-ratio time series: advanced problems 16:66 Will power life cycle 9:288 WILLCOX, WALTER F. 16:553-555 population growth 12:378 Willey, Gordon R. archeology 1:381, 383 urban revolution: early civilizations of the New World 16:211 William of Ockham: see Ockham, William of William the Conqueror capital punishment 2:291 Williams, Bruce R. market analysis 9:570 Williams, Francis Edgar nativism and revivalism 11:76 Williams, Joanna mental retardation 10:242 Williams, Oliver local politics 9:460 Willoughby, W. F. public administration 13:147 WILLOUGHBY, WESTEL WOODBURY 16:555-556 public law 13:176
JCAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi|_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Woodworth, Robert S.
INDEX Wilson, Bryan R. sects and cults 14:133 Wilson, Edwin B. errors, nonsampling 5:123, 124 Wilson, Godfrey acculturation 1:25 societies, small 14:573 Wilson, James Bagehot, Walter 1:498 Wilson, Louis Round libraries 7:316 Wilson, Monica H. acculturation 1:25 societies, small 14:573 WILSON, WOODROW 16:556-558 balance of power 1:508 Brandeis, Louis Dembitz 2:144 decision making: political aspects 4:58 foreign policy. 5:530 international politics 8:51 isolationism 8:218 political science 12:290 politics, comparative 12:331 presidential government 12:451 public administration 13:146 public opinion 13:191 Winch, Robert F. community-society continua 3:178 family 5:317 interaction and personality 7:461 Windle, Charles mental retardation 10:230, 240 Winsor. C. P. order statistics 11:188 Winsorizing order statistics 11:188 statistical analysis, special problems of: truncation and censorship 15:198 Winstedt, R. O. historiography. South and Southeast Asian 6:426 Winter, Edward H. magic 9:526 WIRTH, LOUIS 16:558-559 integration, social 7:383 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:364 Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft (Weber) 16:497 Wirtz, Willard fallacies, statistical 5:296
Wisconsin theory labor movement 8:520 Permian, Selig 11:585 Wisdom Buddhism 2:171 life cycle 9:291 Wishart, J. multivariate analysis 10:527 Wishart distribution multivariate analysis 10:530 Wishram Indians 7:188 Wis sen Verstehen 16:308 WISSLER, CLARK 16:559-561 culture area 3:564 ethnology 5:179 Lowie, Robert H. 9:483 Witchcraft functional analysis, varieties of 6:31, 32, 33, 38 magic 9:523 Withdrawal, Symptoms of: see Abstinence syndrome Witherspoon, John Calvin, John 2:259 Witmer, Lightner clinical psychology 2:513 Wittenborn, J. R. interviewing: personality appraisal 8:167, 168 Wittfogel, Karl A. cultural adaptation 3:553 dictatorship 4:164 Wittgenstein, Ludwig Schlick, Moritz 14:54 Wold, Herman Anderson, Oskar Nikolayevich 1:286 demand and supply: econometric studies 4:108 size distribution in economics 14:297 statistical identinability 15:204 time series: cycles 16:79 Wolf, Eric anthropology, cultural 1:318 village 16:320 Wolf-man phobias 12:83 Wolfenden Committee sexual behavior: social aspects 14:204
443
Wolf ens tein, Martha humor 7:4 Wolff, Christian Vattel, Emer de 16:300, 301 Wolff, Harold psychosomatic illness 13:138 Wolff, Martin conflict of laws 3:249 Wolff, Werner W. personality measurement: situational tests 12:49 Wdlfflin, Heinrich style 15:357, 358 Wolfgang, Marvin delinquency 4:75 Wolfowitz, J. goodness of fit 6:203, 205, 206 time series: general 16:52 Wald, Abraham 16:438 Wolpe, Joseph behavior therapy 10:190 fol. personality 11:598 Woman's Christian Temperance Union voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:371 Women Horney, Karen 6:515 industrial relations: industrial and business psychology 7:227 Islam 8:213 labor force: participation 8:478 life tables 9:293 medical care: social aspects 10:94 medical personnel 10:117 national wealth: distribution 11:61 population composition 12:366 religious observance 13:426 sex differences 7:209, 211 social work 14:496 wages 16:410 Women's Anthropological Society Fletcher, Alice Cunningham 5; 493 Wood, W. A. R. historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:425 WOODWORTH, ROBERT S. 16:561564 drives, acquired 4:281 drives, physiological 4:276, 277
["CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indiI cate articles grouped under main headings: boldface indicates volume numbers.
444
INDEX
Word association tests
Word association tests analytical psychology 1:274 language, psychology of 9:1, 3 projective techniques 12:562 Word list historiography: the rhetoric of history 6:386 Words language development 9:12 speech perception 11:558 Work industrial and business psychology 7:226 leisure 9:248, 249 Middle American society 10:283 skill, acquisition of 9:175 social class 15:300 suicide: psychological aspects 15:393 work, sociology of 7:230 Work, Hours of: see Hours of work Work, Sociology of 7:230 industrialization: social aspects 7:267 labor movement 8:518 labor relations 8:501 Mayo, Elton 10:83 occupations and careers 11:253 organizations: effectiveness and planning of change 11:314 professions 12:536 social differentiation 14:407 strikes 8:501 workers 16:568 Workable competition 3:184 Clark, John Bates 2:505, 506 Clark, John Maurice 2:509 WORKERS 16:564-572 aging: psychological aspects 1:180, 184 agriculture: labor 1:236 agriculture: price and income policies 1:256 alienation 1:265 Anglo-American society 1:292 Chinese society 2:418 collective bargaining 8:491 communication, mass: audiences 3:77
communism, economic organization of 3:135 commutation 16:140, 142 consumption function 3:367
corporation income taxes 15:541 economic growth 4:409 economic growth: mathematical theory 4:421 economy and society 4:502 food: world problems 5:504 identification, political 7:58 income distribution: size 7:145 industrial and business psychology 7:223 industrialization: economic aspects 7:252 labor force 8:469 fol. labor force: hours of work 8:487 labor force: markets and mobility 8:481 fol. labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:523 labor relations: developing countries 8:510 labor unions: influence on wages 8:541 fol. labor unions in the United States 8:533 Latin American political movements 9:44 Mayo, Elton 10:83 national socialism 11:46 nationalization 11:74 occupations and careers 11:248 organizations: effectiveness 11:313, 315 psychology, applied 13:89 reward systems in industry 7:250 social control 14:385 social research, history of 15:46 strikes 8:501, 502 syndicalism 15:448, 450 Thiinen, Johann Heinrich von 16:18 Trotsky, Leon 16:156 unemployment insurance 16:187 visual defects 16:339 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:360 welfare state 16:517 work, sociology of 7:231 fol. workmen's compensation 16:572 see also Agricultural workers; Industrial workers; Labor force; Migrant workers; White-collar workers
Workers' councils labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:525, 527, 530, 531 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:116 work, sociology of 7:237 Workers Party (Germany) socialism 14:512 Workhouses welfare state 16:514 Working, E. J. demand and supply: econometric studies 4:108 Working capital 1:521 business management 2:251 Working class class culture 15:336 communism, Soviet 3:103, 104 Halbwachs, Maurice 6:305 Japanese society 10:404 labor movement 8:517 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:532 labor relations: developing countries 8:515 Le Play, Frederic 9:85 Lenin 9:257 local politics 9:463 mental health: social class and personal adjustment 10:223 representation: representational behavior 13:477 reward systems in industry 7:250 social class 15:299 socialism 14:511, 514, 517, 519, 523 socialism: Russia 14:508 see also Lower class; Proletariat WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION 16:572-576 unemployment insurance 16:187 World Bank: see International Bank for Reconstruction and Development World community international integration, functional 7:538 World Crisis of 1914-1918, The (Halevy) 6:310
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi[^cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Yeomanry
INDEX World Federation of Trade Unions labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:524 World Health Organization drinking and alcoholism: psychological aspects 4:266 health 6:330 World of Labour, The (Cole) 2:554 World society integration, global 7:529 World state 15:150 WORLD VIEW 16:576-579 language and culture 9:21 see also Weltanschauung World War I Douhet, Giulio 4:255 engineering psychology 5:82 foreign policy 5:530 generations, political 6:93 intelligence, political and military 7:416 limited war 9:303 military power potential 10:327 military psychology 10:333 pacifism 11:354 pan movements 11:367 peace 11:495 planning, social 12:125 price history 12:476 Richardson, Lewis Fry 13:515 technology and international relations 15:595 war 16:458 World War II anthropology, applied 1:328 communism, international 3:121 communism, national 3:113 disasters 4:203 Douhet, Giulio 4:255 engineering psychology 5:82 fiscal policy, wartime 5:471 information storage and retrieval 7:315 intelligence, political and military 7:416 international crimes 7:516 military power potential 10:327 military psychology 10:334 monetary reform 10:453 national interest 11:35 national socialism 11:46, 47 pacifism 11:354 pan movements 11:367
refugees: world problems 13:363 Richardson, Lewis Fry 13:515 science-government relations 14:100 strategy 15:285 technology and international relations 15:595 war 16:458 World Zionist Organization Israel 11:103 Zionism 16:594 WORMS, RENE 16:579-581 Worship religion: psychological study 13:418 Worsley, Peter acculturation 1:23 Woytinski, Wladimir S. aging: economic aspects 1:197 Wreath for Udomo, A (Abrahams) literature: political fiction 9:436 Wright, Quincy feud 5:390 systems analysis, international 15:483 Writers film (cinema) 5:427 literature, sociology of 9:419, 420 Writing time: social organization 16:39 urban revolution: the concept of civilization 16:219 urban revolution: the New World 16:209 Wrong, Dennis H. dramatism 7:449 WUNDT, WILHELM 16:581-586 Baldwin, James Mark 1:510 concept formation 3:206 Kraepelin, Emil 8:449 Miiller, George Elias 10:523 psychology, comparative 13:51 Spearman, C. E. 15:109 Titchener, Edward B. 16:89 Wiirzburg School (psychology) Kiilpe, Oswald 8:467 thinking 15:611 Wyckoff, L. Benjamin social psychology 14:471 Wylie, Lawrence ethnohistory 6:443
445
X X, Distribution of multivariate analysis 10:530 X-rays Cannon, Walter B. 2:260 radiation 13:290 Xenophobia 12:81
Y Yako tribe voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:359 Yale Laboratories of Primate Biology Yerkes, Robert M. 16:589 Yale Political Data Program information services 7:312 Yamana (people) hunting and gathering: contemporary societies 7:22 Yamato state Japanese society 8:237 Yang, C. K. Chinese society 2:412 Ya'qub b. Sufyan historiography, Islamic 6:409 Ya'qubi, alhistoriography, Islamic 6:409 Yaqut historiography, Islamic 6:409 Yates, Frank linear hypotheses: multiple comparisons 9:345, 346 random numbers 13:310 Yavapai Indians 7:190 Yeh Shih Chinese political thought 2:406 Yeke kingdom sub-Saharan Africa 1:146 Yemen foreign aid: economic aspects 5:523 Judaism 8:275 Yeomanry agriculture: social organization 1:211 Caribbean society 2:313
(CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS i: |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
446
INDEX
Yerkes, Robert M.
YERKES, ROBERT M. 16:587-589 engineering psychology 5:82 military psychology 10:333, 334 Yerkes-Dodson law avoidance learning 9:150 Yntema, Hessel human rights 6:540 Yoga Buddhism 2:167, 168 Yokut Indians 7:189 Yoritomo, Minamoto feudalism 5:399 Yoruba tribe marriage: comparative analysis 10:13, 17 voluntary associations: anthropological aspects 16:360 Youden square experiments, design of 5:252 Young, Paul T. acquired drives 4:282 Young, Thomas color vision and color blindness 16:330 Young Hegelians alienation 1:265 Engels, Friedrich 5:65 Marx, Karl 10:34 Young-Helmholtz theory color vision and color blindness 16:330 perception 11:529 Young Man Luther (Erikson) religion, sociology of 13:411 Young Men's Christian Association philanthropy 12:77 voluntary associations: sociological aspects 16:371 Young Turks Gokalp, Ziya 6:194 Youth civil disobedience 2:484 cohort analysis 2:548 delinquency 4:76 delinquency: psychological aspects 4:86 delinquency: sociological aspects 4:81 intellectual development 7:391 Schlick, Moritz 14:53 sexual deviation: psychological aspects 14:212
see also Adolescence; Child development Yuan Shih-k'ai Chinese society 2:414 Yucatan community-society continua 3:177 Redfield, Robert 13:351 Tozzer, Alfred M. 16:116 Vaillant, George C. 16:277 Yuchi Indians 7:196 Yugoslavia academic freedom 1:8 capitalism 2:301 communism, economic organization of 3:138 communism, economic organization of: agriculture 3:141, 143 communism, international 3:121, 122, 123, 130 communism, national 3:113, 115, 117 foreign aid: economic aspects 5:522, 523, 524 industrialization: economic aspects 7:255 labor movements and collective bargaining in Europe 8:527 literacy 9:413 local government 9:457 national wealth: estimation 11:58 nationalism 11:66, 68 neutralism and nonalignment 11:167 planning, economic: Eastern Europe 12:110, 116 population composition 12:365, 367 pseudo-kinship 8:411 socialist economic thought 4:453 Yukichi, Fukuzawa historiography, Japanese 6:418 YULE, G. UDNY 16:589-591 distributions, mixtures of 4:237 geography, statistical 6:148 multivariate analysis 10:527 multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:538 social research, early history of 15:44 statistical method, history of 15:227, 230 statistics, descriptive: association 15:241
survey analysis, methods of 15:413 survey analysis: the analysis of attribute data 15:425 time series: cycles 16:72 Yule distribution distributions, special discrete 4:221 rank-size relations 13:321 size distributions in economics 14:297 Yule, G. Udny 16:590 Yule-Walker relations time series: advanced problems 16:62 Yule's model time series: cycles 16:71, 77 Yule's Q statistics, descriptive: association 15:241 Yuman Indians 7:190 Yurok Indians 7:186 Yusof Ali, A. historiography, South and Southeast Asian 6:425 Yves de Chartres canon law 2:263
z-distribution multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:549 z- tr a n sf orm a tion multivariate analysis: correlation (1) 10:539 multivariate analysis: correlation (2) 10:549
statistical analysis: special problems of: transformations of data 15:189 Zaidi sect Islam 8:209 Zajonc, Robert B. systems analysis, psychological 15:491, 492, 493 thinking: cognitive organization and processes 15:616 Zakat (Islamic religious tax) canon law 2:268 Zaleznik, Abraham leadership: psychological aspects 9:93
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-" [cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.
Zuni Indians
INDEX Zamansky, Harold S. paranoid reactions 11:383 personality 11:597 Zambia judicial process: comparative aspects 8:295 Zamiatin, Evgenii utopianism 16:270 Zander, Alvin leadership: psychological aspects 9:94 Zapotec Indians world view 16:578 Zealotry radicalism 13:294 Zeigarnik, Bluma field theory 5:407 Lewin, Kurt 9:267 Zeigarnik quotient field theory 5:407 Zeitgeist fashion 5:343 Zeitschrift fur Psychologic (ed., Ebbinghaus) 4:326 Zeitschrift fur vergleichende Rechtswissenschaft (1878) comparative law and legal systems 9:207 Zellner, Arnold simultaneous equation estimation 14:287 Zen Buddhism 2:178, 181 Chinese political thought 2:401 Zenger, John Peter censorship 2:357
Zero-interest model capital 2:273 Zero-sum games coalitions 2:525 game theory: theoretical aspects 6:63, 64, 67 leadership: sociological aspects 9:104 programming 12:556 Zeta distribution rank-size relations 13:322 Zeuner, Frederick E. domestication, animal 4:253 Zeuthen, F. economic equilibrium 4:378 Zigler, Edward mental retardation 10:242, 244, 245 Zimmerman, Carle C. marriage: family formation 10:2 rural society 13:580 Zinoviev, Grigori E. communism, Soviet 3:106 ZIONISM 16:593-599 anti-Semitism 1:345 Israel 11:101, 106 Namier, L. B. 11:4 Zipf, George K. geography, statistical 6:148 migration: social aspects 10:287 population distribution 12:375 rank-size relations 13:319 Richardson, Lewis Fry 13:516 Zipf's law rank-size relations 13:319
447
ZNANIECKI, FLORIAN 16:599-602 attitudes 1:449 deviant behavior 4:151, 153 knowledge, sociology of 8:433 sociology 15:10 Zohar Judaism 8:274 Zola, Emile literature: political fiction 9:432 Zollner illusion perception: illusions and aftereffects 11:548 Zollverein List, Fricdrich 9:410 tariffs and protectionism 8:114 Zoophobia 12:82, 83 '/oosemiotics communication, animal: communication models and signaling behavior 3:34, 37 Zorbaugh, Harvey W. group formation 6:277 Zulu conflict: anthropological aspects 3:238 marriage: comparative analysis 10:13 religious specialists: anthropological study 13:440 sub-Saharan Africa 1:149 Zuni Indians integration, cultural 7:375 value svstems 16:290
[CAPITAL LETTERS indicate main articles or headings; SMALL CAPITALS indi-"| |_cate articles grouped under main headings; boldface indicates volume numbers.!
