Введение в Delphi: Методическое указания к спецкурсу ''Разработка Windows-приложений''

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Author: Рудалев В.Г. | Кремер А.И.

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Application.CreateForm(TForm1, Form1); Application.Run;
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>eykh[ulbyOnClick dghidbButton2: procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject); begin Close; end;

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DkljhdZfbh[t_dlZfojZgysbfky\TStrings, fh`ghh[jZlblvkykihfh svxbg^_dkbjh\Zgguok\hckl\ property Strings[i: integer]: string; default; property Object [i: integer]: TObject;

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ListBoxLWHPV>@ ¶KljhdZ¶ >eyijh]jZffbklZk\hckl\hlbiZTStrings\u]ey^bldZdh[uqgucfZkkb\ kljhdghbg^_dk\lZdhffZkkb\_gZoh^blky\^bZiZahg_p_euoqbk_e- 32767. Ijbf_j Items[0]:=’text1’ - aZibkZlv kljhdm \ -c we_f_gl gZ[hjZ kljhd Items[1]:=’text2’ - \h \lhjhc we_f_gl b l^ H[s__ qbkeh kljhd fh`gh hij_^_ eblvh[jZlb\rbkvdk\hckl\mCountlbiinteger deZkkZTStrings. DeZkk TStrings lZd`_ ijbf_gy_lky ^ey ojZg_gby iZj \b^Z ©iZjZf_ljagZq_gb_ªIjbql_gbbaZibkb k\hckl\Z property Values[const Name: string]: string;

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function AddObject(const S: string; AObject: Tobject): integer; procedure AddStrings (Strings: TStrings); procedure InsertObject (I: integer; const S: string; AObject: TObject); procedure Delete (I: integer); function IndexOf (const S: string): integer; function Equals (Strings: TStrings): boolean; procedure Move(I1,I2:integer); procedure Exchange (I1,I2: integer); procedure LoadFromFile (const FileName: string); procedure SaveToFile (const FileName: string);

>h[Z\ey_lkljhdm\dhg_pgZ[hjZb\ha\jZ sZ_lijbk\h_gguc_cghf_j >h[Z\ey_l kljhdm b h[t_dl h[Z\ey_l \ dhg_p gZ[hjZ ^jm]hc gZ[hj TSrings.
JZkkfhljbfke_^mxsbcijbf_jKha^Z^bfijbeh`_gb_\dhlhjhf\u [jZggu_dghidb©ijyqmlkyª\kibkd_ListBoxZ ijb\u[hj_bobakibkdZihy\ eyxlkygZij_`g_ff_kl_>hklmidkh^_j`bfhfmkibkdZijhbkoh^blq_j_a

14

k\hckl\hItems lbiZTStrins. Ihjy^dh\ucghf_j\u[jZggh]hwe_f_glZkibkdZ fh`ghmagZlvkihfhsvxk\hckl\ZItemIndex dhfihg_glZListBox.Gmf_jZpby gZqbgZ_lkykgmey JZaf_klbl_gZnhjf_ljbdghidbButton1, Button3, Button3, kljhdmLabel bkibkhdListBox1, dZdwlhihdZaZghgZjbkmgd_

Kha^Zcl_h[jZ[hlqbdkh[ulbyOnClick^eydghidbButton1: procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject); begin (Sender as TControl).visible := False; ListBox1.Items.AddObject((Sender as TButton).caption, Sender); end;

F_lh^AddObject^h[Z\ey_l\kibkhdbaZ]heh\hddghidbbkZfmdghidm K\hckl\hVisible iha\hey_lkdju\Zlvwe_f_glg_mgbqlh`Zy_]h 3. GZagZqvl_wlhlh[jZ[hlqbdZgZeh]bqgufkh[ulbyf^jm]bodghihddZd wlh^_eZehkv\iij_^u^ms_ceZ[jZ[hlu Dhff_glZjbc IZjZf_lj Sender lbiZ TObject hibkZg \ aZ]heh\dZo ijhp_ ^mj-h[jZ[hlqbdh\kh[ulbcQ_j_awlhliZjZf_lji_j_^Z_lkykkuedZgZh[t_dlbklhqgbd kh[ulby LZd dZd Sender hlghkblky d deZkkm TObject - Z[kljZdlghfm deZkkmgZ\_jomb_jZjobbdhfihg_glh\'HOSKLlh\ijhp_^mjmfh`_l[ulvi_j_ ^Zgex[hcdhfihg_gl[m^mqbgZke_^gbdhfTObjecthglh`_TObject IZjZf_lj Sender h[uqgh b]ghjbjmxl gh _]h g_h[oh^bfh bkihevah\Zlv dh]^Z g_kdhevdh dhfihg_glh\h[jZsZxlkydh^ghfmblhfm`_h[jZ[hlqbdmkh[ulbcdZd\^Zg ghfijbf_j_Lh]^ZSenderiha\hey_lmagZlvdlhdhgdj_lghwlhlh[jZ[hlqbd\u a\Ze Hi_jZlhj as \ijbf_j_khh[sZ_ldhfibeylhjmqlhh[t_dlSenderke_^m_l jZkkfZljb\ZlvdZdijbgZ^e_`ZsbcdeZkkm©dghidZª Kha^Zcl_h[jZ[hlqbd^eykh[ulbyOnClick h[t_dlZListBox1: procedure TForm1.ListBox1Click(Sender: TObject); begin with ListBox1 do begin (Items.Objects[ItemIndex] as TButton).visible := true; Items.Delete(ItemIndex); end; end;

Ijb\uiheg_gbbijh]jZffZ[m^_lbf_lvke_^mxsbc\b^

15

AZ^Zgb_: baf_gbl_ijh]jZffmqlh[u\kibkhdfh`gh[uehaZghkblvjZa ghjh^gu_we_f_glu:dghidbiZg_ebb^j;he__ih^jh[gmxbgnhjfZpbxh[bk ihevah\Zgbbhi_jZlhjh\is bas fh`ghihemqblv\[7]. EZ[hjZlhjgZyjZ[hlZ L_fZKibkdbbdhf[bgbjh\Zggu_kibkdbIhehkuijhdjmldb Kibkdbdhfihg_glListBox bkihevamxlky^ey\u[hjZwe_f_glZdhf[bgb jh\Zggu_ kibkdb ComboBox fh]ml ^hihegbl_evgh hlj_^Zdlbjh\Zlv wlhl \u [jZggucwe_f_glq_j_ak\hckl\hText. GZibrbl_kZfhklhyl_evghijbf_jiha\heyxsbc\u[bjZlvbakibkdZ(bba dhf[bgbjh\Zggh]h kibkdZ p\_l nhjfu >ey baf_g_gby p\_lZ nhjfu gZ^haZ ^Zlvk\hckl\hnhjfuColor: TColor. >hklmigu_p\_lh\u_dhgklZglufh`ghih kfhlj_lv\k\hckl\_Color \bgki_dlhj_h[t_dlh\ Ijbf_jgucwkdbanhjfu:

GZibrbl_ ijbf_j \ dhlhjhf p\_l nhjfu aZ^Z_lky k bkihevah\Zgb_f nmgdpbbRGB: function RGB (R,G,B: byte): TColor; A^_kvR,G,B – agZq_gbybgl_gkb\ghkl_cdjZkghca_e_ghcbkbg_ckhklZ\ eyxs_c p\_lZ >ey ieZ\gh]h baf_g_gby bgl_gkb\ghkl_c bkihevamcl_ ljb dhf ihg_glZScrollBar (ihehkZijhdjmldb)K\hckl\Zmin, max: integer kh^_j`ZlgZ qZevgh_ b dhg_qgh_ agZq_gb_ iheh`_gby [_]mgdZ K\hckl\h Position – l_dms__ iheh`_gb_ [_]mgdZ P\_l ^he`_g baf_gblvky ijb gZklmie_gbb kh[ulby OnChange dhfihg_glZScrollBar\aZ\bkbfhklbhlagZq_gbyPosition. EZ[hjZlhjgZyjZ[hlZ5 L_fZKha^Zgb_ijbeh`_gbckg_kdhevdbfbnhjfZfb >hjZ[hlZ_f ij_^u^msmx ijh]jZffm lZd qlh[u ijb gZ`Zlbb dghidb gZ wdjZg_ihy\behkv^hihegbl_evgh_hdgh

16

JZaf_klbf_s_h^gmdghidmButton3kaZ]heh\dhfHijh]jZff_ hibrbl_\kibkhdfh^me_c\gZ qZe_ fh^mey Unit1 hkgh\ghc nhjfu \ ^bj_dlb\_ Uses _s_ h^bg - _eh\lhfqlhnhjfZaZ dju\Z_lky dh]^Z __ h^ghbf_ggh_ k\hckl\h ModalResult ijbgbfZ_l g_gme_\h_ agZq_gb_ Z ijb gZ`Zlbb dghidb Z\lhfZlbq_kdb ijhbkoh^bl ijbk\Zb\Zgb_ Form.ModalResult:=Button.ModalResult. AZf_lbf qlh \ bkihevah\Zgguo
17

ihevah\Zl_evbkihevah\Ze^ey__aZdjulbygZijbf_jdghidmOKbebCancel. Ihke_^g__e_]dhk^_eZlvldf_lh^ShowModaljZ[hlZ_ldZdnmgdpby\ha\jZ sZyagZq_gb_k\hckl\ZModalResultaZdju\Zxs_cdghidbIjbf_jgucnjZ]f_gl dh^Z^ey\uah\Z^bZeh]h\h]hhdgZbf__l\b^ if Form2.ShowModal =mrOk then begin Val (Form2.Edi1.Text, x, code); ... end;

h[Z\vl_ dhfihg_gl Memoj_^Zdlhjl_dklZ baZ^Zcl__]hk\hckl\hAlign\ujZ\gb\Zgb_ \alBottom . MklZgh\bl_aZ]heh\hdnhjfu- ;ehdghl. Memo ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc fgh]hkljhqguc j_^Zdlhj l_dklZ Kh^_j`bfh_ j_^ZdlhjZ ojZgblky \ k\hckl\_ Lines Wlh - k\hckl\h deZkkZ TStrings gZ[hj kljhd AZ^Zcl_k\hckl\Zdhfihg_glh\^ey\u[hjZbf_gnZceh\ Dhfihg_glOpenDialog: K\hckl\h AgZq_gb_ Dhff_glZjbc DefaultExt txt JZkrbj_gb_bf_gbnZceZihmfheqZgbx Title Hldjulb_l_dklh\h]hnZceZ Options.OfFileMustExist true Hldju\Z_fucnZce^he`_gkms_kl\h\Zlv Filter baZcg_jf_gxs_edgm\^\ZjZaZihagZqdmMainMenu<>b aZcg_j_kha^Zcl_imgdlu]hjbahglZevgh]hf_gxFaZ]heh\dZfb)LOHb+HOSbgZ

18

a\Zgbyfbk\hckl\hName) File1, Help1Kha^Zcl_gbkiZ^Zxsb_f_gx^eyimgd lZFile - Open, Save, SaveAs, ExitbimgdlZHelp - AboutklZdbfb`_agZq_gbyfb Name. Ihf_klbl_ih^ihehkhcf_gxPanelbjZkiheh`bl_gZg_cljbdghidb [ukljh]h ^hklmiZ SpeedButton IZg_ev y\ey_lky dhgl_cg_jhf ^ey jZaf_s_g guo gZ g_c dhfihg_glh\ ihwlhfm dghidb [m^ml i_j_f_sZlvky \f_kl_ k iZg_ evx
Kha^Zcl_h[jZ[hlqbdbkh[ulbc\u[hjZimgdlZf_gxs_edgm\^\ZjZaZ ihimgdlmf_gx procedure TForm1.OpenClick(Sender: TObject); begin with OpenDialog1 do if Execute then begin F_lh^([HFXWHaZimkdZ_l^bZeh]b\ha\jZsZ_l7UXH_keb // ^ey\uoh^Zba^bZeh]Z[ueZgZ`ZlZdghidZ2.l_nZce[ue // \u[jZg Memo1.Lines.LoadFromFile(FileName);//AZ]jm`Z_l\l_dklh\uc j_^ZdlhjnZcekaZ^Zggufbf_g_f HistoryList.Add(FileName);//>h[Z\ey_lbfynZceZ\©bklhjbxª &DSWLRQ ¶;ehdghl-’+ExtractFileName (FileName); //Nmgdpby ([WUDFW)LOH1DPH\ha\jZsZ_lbfynZceZ[_aimlbdhlhjh_ aZl_fhlh[jZ`Z_lky\aZ]heh\d_nhjfu SaveDialog1.FileName:=FileName; //AZihfbgZ_lkybfy // hldjulh]hnZceZ end; end; procedure TForm1.SaveClick(Sender: TObject); begin if OpenDialog1.FileName<>’’ then //?kebbfyg_imklhlhbkihevah\Zlv_]h^eykhojZg_gbynZceZ Memo1.Lines.SaveToFile(SaveDialog1.FileName) else //bgZq_\ua\Zlvh[jZ[hlqbdKhojZgblvDZd SaveAsClick(Sender); end; procedure TForm1.SaveAsClick(Sender: TObject);

19

begin with SaveDialog1 do if Execute then begin Memo1.lines.SaveToFile(FileName); &DSWLRQ ¶;ehdghl-’+ ExtractFileName(File Name); end; end; procedure TForm1.AboutClick(Sender: TObject); begin 0HVVDJH'OJµ;ehdghlY¶PW,QIRUPDWLRQ>PE2.@ end;

AZimklbl_ >baZcg_j ^ey \kieu\Zxs_]h f_gx s_edgm\ ^\Z jZaZ ih agZqdmPopUpMenu<>baZcg_j_f_gx\\_^bl_imgdluRjbnlbP\_lkbf_ gZfbFont1bColor1khhl\_lkl\_gghbkh[jZ[hlqbdZfbkh[ulby\u[hjZimgdlZ f_gx procedure TForm1.Font1Click(Sender: TObject); begin If FontDialog1.Execute then
ey ijb\yadb _]hddhfihg_glmMemo1 mklZgh\bl_k\hckl\hPopUpMenu^eyMemo1jZ\gh_ PopUpMenu1 (PopUpMenu1 -bfykha^Zggh]hdhfihg_glZPopUpMenu). H[jZ[hlqbdb kh[ulbc ^ey dghihd [ukljh]h ^hklmiZ k^_eZcl_ lZdbfb `_dZdb\]eZ\ghff_gxih^klZ\b\\bgki_dlhj_h[t_dlh\\dZq_kl\_OnClick ^eyi_j\hcdghidb- OpenClick^ey\lhjhc- SaveClick^eylj_lv_c- ExitClick. EZ[hjZlhjgZyjZ[hlZ7 L_fZLZ[ebqguc\\h^-\u\h^ >eyij_^klZ\e_gby\oh^guobeb\uoh^guo^Zgguo\\b^_lZ[ebp\Delphi fh`_lbkihevah\Zlvkydhfihg_glTStringGrid -lZ[ebpZkhklhysZybai_j_f_g guolbiZStringHkgh\gufbk\hckl\Zfby\eyxlkyColCount -qbkehklhe[ph\\ lZ[ebp_bRowCount -qbkehkljhd>ey^hklmiZdyq_cdZflZ[ebpuij_^gZagZ

20

q_ghbg^_dkbjh\Zggh_k\hckl\hCellsh[jZs_gb_ddhlhjhfmijhbkoh^bldZdd ^\mf_jghfmfZkkb\m DZdgbkljZgghi_j\ucbg^_dkmCells -ghf_jklhe[pZZ\lhjhc-ghf_j kljhdbqlhhlebqZ_lkyhlh[s_ijbgylhcfZl_fZlbq_kdhcljZ^bpbbIhwlhfm Z\lhjijbghkblba\bg_gbyaZi_j_klZ\e_ggu_bg^_dku\gb`_ke_^mxs_fnjZ] f_gl_dh^Z ey\k_olZ[ebpmklZgh\bl_\bgki_dlhj_h[t_dlh\agZq_gbyk\hckl\ ColCountbRowCountjZ\gu_FixedRows - 0, FixedCols=0, Options.GoEditing True>h[Z\vl_LabelkgZ^ibkvxX , ButtonkgZ^ibkvx kfjbk , Edit1Ijb baf_g_gbbkh^_j`bfh]hEdit1 jZaf_jghklbfZljbp^he`gukhhl\_lkl\_gghba f_gylvky

GZibrbl_h[jZ[hlqbdbkh[ulbcOnClick b OnChange procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject); var i,j,k,n, Sum: integer; begin n:=A.ColCount-1; for i:=0 to n do for j:=0 to n do begin Sum := 0; for k:=0 to n do Sum:=Sum+StrToInt(A.Cells[k,i])*StrToInt(B.Cells[j,k]); KKHOOs[j,i]:=IntToStr(Sum); end; end; procedure TForm1.Edit1Change(Sender: TObject); var i: integer; begin try i:=StrToInt(Edit1.text); if i > 0 then begin a.colcount:=i; a.rowcount:=i; b.colcount:=i; b.rowcount:=i; c.colcount:=i; c.rowcount:=i; end; except 6KRZ0HVVDJH G_ijZ\bevguc\\h^ end; end;

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AZ^Zgb_: i_j_^_eZcl_ijbf_jlZdqlh[ufZljbpukha^Z\Zebkv\ijhp_kk_ \uiheg_gbyijh]jZffu^bgZfbq_kdb\khhl\_lkl\bbk\\_^_gghcjZaf_jghklvx kfke_^mxsmxeZ[jZ[hlm EZ[hjZlhjgZyjZ[hlZ L_fZ>bgZfbq_kdh_kha^Zgb_bgl_jn_ckguowe_f_glh\ Bgl_jn_ckgu_we_f_gludghidbf_gxbli fh`ghkha^Z\Zlvg_lhevdh \bamZevgh gZ wlZi_ ijh_dlbjh\Zgby gh b \ ijhp_kk_ jZ[hlu ijh]jZffu ^b gZfbq_kdb >eywlh]hihlj_[m_lkybkihevah\Zlvf_lh^dhgkljmdlhjdeZkkZwlh ]hbgl_jn_ckgh]hwe_f_glZIjh^_eZcl_ke_^mxsb_^_ckl\by P_ev-ijbgZ`Zlbbg_dhlhjhcdghidbkha^Zlv\lhjmxdghidmkgZa\Zgb_f ©Ijb\_lªKha^Zcl_gh\ucijh_dlbjZaf_klbl_gZg_fh^gmdghidmkaZ]heh\dhf ©Kha^ZlvªZe__mdZau\Z_lkyf_klhgZoh`^_gb_dghidb MyButton.Parent := Form1; MyButton.Left := 60; // JZkklhygb_hle_\h]hdjZynhjfu MyButton.Top := 15; JZkklhygb_hl\_jog_]hdjZynhjfu` 0\%XWWRQ&DSWLRQ µIjb\_l¶ end;

KZfm i_j_f_ggmx deZkkZ TButton h[ty\bl_ dZd ]eh[Zevgmx \ k_dpbb Implementationfh^mey var MyButton: TButton;

Dhff_glZjbc DZ`^uc dhfihg_gl bf__l \h-i_j\uo ij_^dZ m dhlhjh]h hggZke_^m_lk\hckl\Zbf_lh^u\h-\lhjuo\eZ^_evpZOwner dhlhjucfh`_l Z\lhfZlbq_kdbkha^Z\Zlvbmgbqlh`Zlv^Zggucdhfihg_gl\uau\Z_l_]hdhgkl jmdlhju b ^_kljmdlhju ijb k\h_f kha^Zgbb b mgbqlh`_gbb \-lj_lvbo jh^b l_evkdbcdhfihg_glParent gZdhlhjhf^Zggucdhfihg_gljZkiheh`_g\bam ZevghIjb^bgZfbq_kdhfkha^Zgbbg_h[oh^bfhaZ^Z\Zlvbfy\eZ^_evpZOwner iZjZf_ljhf f_lh^Z Create b bfy jh^bl_ey \ k\hckl\_ Parent dhfihg_glZ qlh \ur_ b [ueh k^_eZgh <eZ^_evp_f dhfihg_glh\ h[uqgh y\ey_lky nhjfZ Z jh ^bl_eyfbfh]ml[ulvnhjfuiZg_ebb]jmiiu AZf_lvl_qlhf_lh^^_kljmdlhjFree^eymgbqlh`_gbydghidba^_kvg_bk ihevah\ZekyDghidmmgbqlh`bl\eZ^_e_p-nhjfZ©\f_kl_kkh[hcª?keb`_lj_ [m_lky mgbqlh`blv dghidm jZgvr_ ^h aZdjulby nhjfu fh`gh ihklmiblv ke_ ^mxsbfh[jZahfIj_^mkfhljbl_gZijbf_j_s_h^gmdghidmkgZ^ibkvxM^Z eblvb\h[jZ[hlqbdkh[ulbyOnClick^eyg__aZg_kbl_kljhdm MyButton.Free; EZ[hjZlhjgZyjZ[hlZ

22

L_fZ=jZnbdZ\'HOSKL =jZnbq_kdb_ nmgdpbb h[t_^bg_gu bgdZikmebjh\Zgu \ deZkk_ 7KDQYDV ohekl Bah[jZ`_gbykljhylkykihfhsvxk\hckl\bf_lh^h\TCanvas. K\hckl \h Canvas lbiZ 7KDQYDV _klv m fgh]bo \bamZevguo dhfihg_glh\ gZijbf_j m nhjfu \ bgki_dlhj_ h[t_dlh\ Canvas g_ hlh[jZ`Z_lky d g_fm fh`gh h[jZ lblvkylhevdhijh]jZffgh ?kebmdhfihg_glZg_llZdh]hk\hckl\ZlhgZwlhf dhfihg_gl_ qZklh fh`gh jZaf_klblv dhfihg_gl PaintBox ©jZfdZ ^ey ohe klZª kf kljZgbpm 6\VWHP iZeblju dhfihg_glh\ m dhlhjh]h _klv k\hckl\h Canvas>eyjbkh\ZgbydeZkkCanvas\dexqZ_l k\hckl\Z: Font (rjbnl Peni_ jh bBrushdbklv I_jh oZjZdl_jbam_lky k\hckl\Zfb Color (p\_l), Width (lhesbgZ Style (klbev DbklvoZjZdl_jbam_lkyp\_lhfbklbe_f =jZnbq_kdb_ nmgdpbb LineTo, Rectangle b ^j y\eyxlky f_lh^Zfb TCanvasKijZ\dmihk\hckl\Zfbf_lh^Zf&DQYDVkf\Ijbeh`_gbb bZiZahgbaf_g_gbyihhkb< YMin:=-1; PW:=PB.width;RbjbgZh[eZklbjbkh\Zgby PH:=PB.height;
23

Pen.Style := psSolid; //KiehrgZyebgby I_j_kq_lnbabq_kdbodhhj^bgZl\wdjZggu_^eyi_j\hclhqdb iy := round((sin(w*x0)-YMin)/(YMax-YMin)*PH); MoveTo(0,PH-iy-1); x:=x0; for i:=2 to n do begin x := x + dx; y := sin(w*x); I_j_kq_l^eyihke_^mxsbolhq_d ix := round((x-x0)/(xk-x0)*PW); iy := round((y-ymin)/(ymax-ymin)*PH); LineTo(ix, PH-iy-1); end; end; %XWWRQKXUVRU FU'HIDXOW end;

Ijb\uiheg_gbbijh]jZffuh[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_qlhihke_fbgbfbaZpbb hdgZijh]jZffubebi_j_djulby_]h^jm]bfbhdgZfbbah[jZ`_gb_gZPaintBox ihjlblkyQlh[uwlh]hg_ijhbkoh^behgZc^bl_\bgki_dlhj_h[t_dlh\kh[ulb_ OnPaint ^ey PaintBox1 wlh kh[ulb_ \hagbdZ_l ijb i_j_jbkh\d_ dhfihg_glZ b ijbk\hcl__fmh[jZ[hlqbdkh[ulbyButton1Click. EZ[hjZlhjgZyjZ[hlZ L_fZKha^Zgb_]jZnbq_kdh]hj_^ZdlhjZ GZibrbl_ijhklhc]jZnbq_kdbcj_^Zdlhjiha\heyxsbc\u[bjZlvp\_lb lhesbgmebgbcaZdjZrb\ZlvaZfdgmlu_h[eZklbaZ]jm`ZlvbkhojZgylvbah [jZ`_gb_\nZce_ Bkihevamcl_dhfihg_glImage, mf_xsbcq_j_ak\hckl\hPicture jZ[hlZlvk ]jZnbq_kdbfbnZceZfbgZijbf_j Image.Picture.LoadFromFile(CurrentFile); Jbkh\Zgb_ ijhbkoh^bl \ h[jZ[hlqbdZo kh[ulbchlfurbKh[ulb_i_j_ f_s_gbymdZaZl_eyfurbOnMouseMove bf__llbi type TMouseMoveEvent = procedure(Sender: TObject; Shift: TShiftState; X, Y: Integer) of object, ]^_ iZjZf_lj Shift iha\hey_l magZlv [ueb eb gZ`Zlu ijb i_j_f_s_gbb mdZaZl_ey deZ\brb deZ\bZlmju Shift, Ctrl, Alt beb dghidb furb dhgklZglu

24

ssAlt, SSCtrl, ssShift h[hagZqZxl kblmZpbx gZ`Zlby khhl\_lkl\mxsbo deZ\br dhgklZglussLeft, ssRight, ssMiddle, ssDouble h[hagZqZxlkblmZpbxgZ`ZlbydeZ \brfurbijbq_fssDouble – gZ`ZlbybijZ\hcbe_\hcdghidb iZjZf_lju;b
25

ihlj_[ghklb\ki_pbZevghff_lh^_ql_gbyg_llh\f_klhbf_gb f_lh^Zql_gbymdZau\Z_lkybfyiheyojZgys_]hagZq_gbyk\hckl\Z ?kebk\hckl\hbkihevam_lkylhevdh^eyql_gbybeblhevdh^eyaZibkb lhkhhl\_lkl\mxsbcf_lh^fh`_l[ulvhims_g` procedure TGrafik.SetParent (Pn: TWinControl); begin Inherited SetParent(Pn);//
>ey l_klbjh\Zgby deZkkZ kha^Zcl_ nhjfm kh ke_^mxsbfb bgl_jn_ck gufbwe_f_glZfbdghidZButton1FgZ^ibkvxJbkh\ZlviZg_evPanel1]jmiiZ GroupBox1\dhlhjhcgZoh^ylkyr_klvkljhdj_^Zdlbjh\Zgbykijb]eZr_gbyfb kfjbk

26

Kha^Zcl_h[jZ[hlqbdkh[ulbyOnClick^eydghidbJbkh\ZlvG_ihkj_^ kl\_gghi_j_^h[jZ[hlqbdZfbghihke_hibkZgbcf_lh^h\deZkkZh[ty\bl_i_ j_f_ggmxlbiZTGrafik. var g: TGrafik; procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject); var i,n,code: integer; x,x0,xk,dx,w: real; YMax, YMin: real; function sinc(x: real): real; begin if x<>0 then sinc:=sin(x)/x else sinc:=1; end; begin Val(NtEdit.Text, n, code); Val(WEdit.Text, W, code); Val(InitTEdit.Text, x0, code); Val(FinalTEdit.Text, xk, code); Val(MaxEdit.Text, Ymax, code); Val(MinEdit.Text, Ymin, code); dx:=(xk-x0)/n; with g do begin //H[jZs_gb_d]jZnbdma^_kvijhbkoh^blq_j_ak\hckl\Z nx:=n; BrushColor:=clWhite; Border:=clRed; PenColor:=clRed; x:=x0; for i:=1 to n do begin x:=x+dx; Series[i]:=(sinc(w*x)-YMin)/(YMax-YMin); end; end; end; procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject); begin Kha^Zgb_wda_fieyjZdeZkkZ7*UDILNbijb\yadZ_]hdiZg_eb g:=TGrafik.create(Form1); <eZ^_e_p– Form1 g.SetParent(Form1.Panel1); Jh^bl_ev– Panel1

27

//Ij_^hd- PaintBox g.OnPaint:=Button1Click; ^Kh[ulbxi_j_jbkh\db]jZnbdZ gZagZqZ_lkyh[jZ[hlqbd%XWWRQ&OLFN` Form1.WEdit.OnChange:=g.OnPaint; // Ijbbaf_g_gbbqZklhlu]jZnbd[m^_lkjZami_j_jbkh\Zg end;

AZ^Zgby: Fh^bnbpbjmcl_deZkkTGrafik^h[Z\b\\g_]hdhhj^bgZlgmxk_ldmbih^ ibkbagZq_gbcihhkyfb\\_^yk\hckl\h©lbi]jZnbdZªbaf_g_gb_dhlhjh]hi_ j_jbkh\u\Z_l]jZnbd\\b^_klhe[bdh\hc^bZ]jZffu>h[Z\vl_k\hckl\hmklZ gh\dZdhlhjh]h\Trueijb\h^bldZ\lhfZlbq_kdhfmfZkrlZ[bjh\Zgbx]jZnbdZ ihjZaf_jmjZfdbIj_^mkfhljbl_\hafh`ghklv^bZeh]h\h]hbaf_g_gbyp\_lZb nhgZjbkmgdZkihfhsvxdhfihg_glZColorDialog. EZ[hjZlhjgZyjZ[hlZH[jZs_gb_dnmgdpbyfAPI. _kdjbilhjaZl_fi_j_^Z_lky\kibkd_Zj]mf_glh\\uau\Z_fuf]jZnbq_kdbf nmgdpbyfAPI. Ijb\u\h^_bgnhjfZpbbkh[ex^Z_lkyke_^mxsZyihke_^h\Zl_evghklv ^_ckl\bc^eydZ`^h]hbkihevam_fh]hbgkljmf_glZ_kebdhg_qghg_^hklZlhqgh klZg^ZjlguoijbgyluoihmfheqZgbxi_jZdbklbrjbnlZ : kha^Zlvbgkljmf_gl (bkihevamygZijbf_jnmgdpbbCreatePen, CreateSolidBrush, CreateFontIndirect); \klZ\blv\dhgl_dkl (nmgdpbySelect); bkihevah\Zlvdhgl_dkl;

28

\hkklZgh\blvgZqZevguc\ZjbZgldhgl_dklZ(nmgdpbySelect); m^Zeblvbgkljmf_glnmgdpbyDelete); DeZkkTCanvas bf__lk\hckl\hHandle: hDCkihfhsvxdhlhjh]he_]dh fh`ghmagZlv^_kdjbilhjh[eZklbjbkh\ZgbyIhwlhfmihemqZlvdhgl_dkly\gh \uau\Zyijhp_^mjmGetDcg_lg_h[oh^bfhklb JZkkfhljbff_lh^bdmh[jZs_gbydnmgdpbyfAPI baijh]jZffugZDelphiI_j_njZabjmyijbf_jbadgb]b[3]kha^Z^bfijbeh`_gb_ij_^klZ\e_ggh_ gZjbkmgd_

h[Z\vl_\k_dpbxuses \uah\fh^meyWinProcskh^_j`Zs_]hbgl_jn_cku dnmgdpbyfAPI.Kha^Zcl_h[jZ[hlqbdkh[ulbyOnPaintnhjfu procedure TForm1.FormPaint(Sender: TObject); var s: string; OI7ORJ)RQWAZibkvOIkh^_j`bljZaebqgu_iZjZf_ljurjbnlZ p: PPoint; k: integer; IQWIQW2OG)QW2OG)QW+)RQW>_kdjbilhjurjbnlZ begin V

G_emqrZy\fbj_kbkl_fZijh]jZffbjh\Zgby with lf do begin lfhHLJKW eydZ`^hc[md\uk\hcgZdehg begin Mjh\_gvgZdehgZrjbnlZd]hjbahglZevghchkb\^_kyluo ^heyo]jZ^mkZ LF.lfEscapement := -(k-1)*Round(3600/length(s));

29

Kha^ZlvrjbnlbaZibkZlv_]h^_kdjbilhj\IQW fnt2:=CreateFontIndirect(Lf); N@
AZ^Zgby. IhiulZcl_kv gZclb \ Delphi ^jm]b_ ZgZeh]bqgu_ kj_^kl\Z AZ ijh]jZffbjmcl_\jZs_gb_©i_qZlbªihqZkh\hcklj_ed_ AZ^Zgby^eykZfhklhyl_evghcjZ[hlu GZibrbl_ijh]jZffmdhlhjZykqblu\Z_lfZkkb\p_euoqbk_ebal_d klh\h]hnZceZq_lgu_qbkeZaZghkbl\kibkhdListbox1g_q_lgu_-\ListBox2. GZibrbl_ijh]jZffmdhlhjZykljhbl]jZnbdihqbkeZf\\h^bfuf\ l_dklh\hfj_^Zdlhj_ Kha^Zcl_gZhkgh\_deZkkZTStringGridlZ[ebpmihkljhdZfdhlhjhcgZ oh^ylky^Zggu_ihijh^Z`_lh\ZjZaZdZ`^ucf_kypZihklhe[pZf-^Zggu_ih ijh^Z`_dZ`^h]h\b^Zlh\ZjZ
30

AZ^ZqbihijbdeZ^ghcklZlbklbd_ GZibkZlv^_fhgkljZpbhggmxmq_[gmxijh]jZffm©IehlghklbjZkij_ ^_e_gby\_jhylghkl_cª Ijh]jZffZ©Fh^_ebjh\Zgb_\j_f_ggh]hjy^ZªBkihevah\Zlvfh^_ev :JKKIj_^mkfhlj_lv\hafh`ghklvkemqZcguob^_l_jfbgbjh\Zgguo\oh^guo \ha^_ckl\bc GZibkZlvijh]jZffmb^_glbnbdZpbb:J-fh^_eb\j_f_ggh]hjy^Zf_lh ^hfgZbf_gvrbod\Z^jZlh\ GZibkZlvijh]jZffmb^_glbnbdZpbb:J-fh^_eb\j_f_ggh]hjy^Zj_ dmjj_glguff_lh^hfgZbf_gvrbod\Z^jZlh\ GZibkZlv ijh]jZffm jZkq_lZ ki_dljZevghc iehlghklb fhsghklb i_ jbh^h]jZffguff_lh^hf GZibkZlv ijh]jZffm jZkq_lZ ki_dljZevghc iehlghklb fhsghklb dhj j_eh]jZffguff_lh^hf B^_glbnbdZpby ebg_cghc kbkl_fu f_lh^hf ihke_^h\Zl_evgh]h h[m q_gby Ijh]jZffZ©Fh^_ebjh\Zgb_klhoZklbq_kdbomjZ\g_gbckhklhygbyª KlZlbklbq_kdb_oZjZdl_jbklbdbebg_cguokbkl_f GZ[ex^Zl_evkhklhygbyebg_cghckbkl_fu Ijh]jZffZ©NbevljDZefZgZ-;vxkbª AZ^Zqbihki_dljZevghcl_hjbbjZ^bhkb]gZeh\ Ihkljhblv aZ\bkbfhklv hl qZklhlu fh^mey ki_dljZevghc iehlghklb ijyfhm]hevgh]h bfimevkZ k ^ebl_evghklvx jZ\ghc fdk b Zfieblm^hc < =jZnbdihkljhblv^ey^bZiZahgZqZklhlhl^hF]p GZclbki_dljZevgmxiehlghklvG(jω) dhkbgmkhb^Zevgh]hbfimevkZ T  U ⋅ cos( ⋅ t T ), t < B 2 ,  B u(t) =   T  0, t > B 2 .  Ihkljhblv aZ\bkbfhklv hl qZklhlu fh^mey ki_dljZevghc iehlghklb \ ^bZiZahg_qZklhlhl^hF]p ^eyZfieblm^ugZijy`_gby U = 10B, TB = 1fdk IhkljhblvlZd`_\j_f_ggmx^bZ]jZffmbfimevkZu(t). F_lh^bq_kdb_ mdZaZgby: a^_kv b ^Ze__ ih l_dklm j = − 1 Ihkdhevdm bf imevk u(t) hibku\Z_lky q_lghc nmgdpb_c \j_f_gb _]h ki_dljZevgZy iehlghklv y\ey_lky^_ckl\bl_evghcnmgdpb_cqZklhluωIjb\h^bf__\ujZ`_gb_^eykZ fhijh\_jdb:

31

&7B ) 2UTB 2 G (j&) = ⋅ . 1 − 4 ⋅ ( &7B ) 2 2 3 Ki_dljZevgZyiehlghklvbfimevkZu(t)bf__l\b^: G (j&) = 8H[S− & ). GZclbbfimevku(t)bihkljhblv_]h\j_f_ggmx^bZ]jZffm F_lh^bq_kdb_ mdZaZgby: ihkdhevdm ki_dljZevgZy iehlghklv G(jω) _klv ^_ckl\bl_evgZy nmgdpby qZklhlu lh bfimevk hibku\Z_lky q_lghc nmgdpb_c \j_f_gb
p_eyokZfhijh\_jdbijb\h^bf\ujZ`_gb_ki_dljZevghciehlghklb– 2 ). G (j&) = ⋅ exp(− & 4 2 Bfimevkgh_dhe_[Zgb_aZ^Zghnhjfmehc u(t) = 15 ⋅ exp(−107 t) ⋅1(t), ]^_

1(t) –nmgdpbyO_\bkZc^Znmgdpby\dexq_gby rbjhdhbkihevam_fZy\l_hjbb Z\lhfZlbq_kdh]hj_]mebjh\ZgbyHij_^_eblv]jZgbqgmxqZklhlm f ]j \]_jpZo lZdbfh[jZahfqlh[u\bgl_j\Ze_qZklhl[0, f ]j @[uehkhkj_^hlhq_gh\k_c wg_j]bbbfimevkZ F_lh^bq_kdb_ mdZaZgby: wg_j]_lbq_kdbc ki_dlj jZkkfZljb\Z_fh]h bf imevkZbf__l\b^ 225 . W(&) = 14 10 + & 2 M]eh\Zy ]jZgbqgZy qZklhlZ &]j baf_jy_fZy \ jZ^bZgZo \ k_dmg^mm^h\ e_l\hjy_lmjZ\g_gbx &]j ∞ d& d& = ⋅ , 0,9 ∫ ∫ 14 14 2 2 + + 10 & 10 & 0 0 ]^_\ijZ\hcbe_\hcqZklbijbkmlkl\m_lijhkl_crbclZ[ebqgucbgl_]jZe J_rb\^Zggh_mjZ\g_gb_ihgZc^_gghfmagZq_gbxm]eh\hcqZklhlugZoh & ^bfdjm]h\mxqZklhlm f ]j = ]j 2 . AZ^Zqbihl_hjbbZ\lhfZlbq_kdh]hj_]mebjh\Zgby Ih aZ^Zgghfm EZieZkh\kdhfm bah[jZ`_gbx F(p) \hkklZgh\blv hjb]b gZef(t) bihkljhblv_]h\j_f_ggmx^bZ]jZffm:

32

p+2 ; (p + 1) ⋅ (p − 2) ⋅ (p 2 + 4) [ F(p) = 1 2 ; (p + 1) 2

Z F(p) =

\ F(p) = p ⋅ e

−2p

. (p 2 + 9) Ihkljhblv b \u\_klb gZ i_qZlv Zfieblm^gh-nZah\u_ qZklhlgu_ oZjZdl_jbklbdb:NQO ^eykbkl_fZ\lhfZlbq_kdh]hj_]mebjh\Zgbybf_xsbo i_j_^Zlhqgu_nmgdpbbke_^mxs_]h\b^Z 45p + 120 15p + 40 Z W(p) = 3 [ = ; . W(p) p + 4p 2 − 10p p 3 + 4p 2 − 10p F_lh^bq_kdb_ mdZaZgby: aZf_gyyp gZjωhli_j_^Zlhqghcnmgdpbb:S i_j_oh^bf d :NQO W(jω ]^_ :Mω)=U(ω)+jV(ω). =h^h]jZn :NQO h[uqgh kljhyl \ ijyfhm]hevguo dhhj^bgZlZo ^8 9` Ijb ihkljh_gbb ]h^h]jZnZ j_dhf_g^m_f baf_g_gby qZklhlu ω ijhba\h^blv \ ij_^_eZo ijb\h^ysbo d baf_g_gbyf8\bgl_j\Ze_[0, -4], ZV - \bgl_j\Ze_[0, 10]. 24. Ihkljhblv :NQO ^ey kbkl_fu Z\lhfZlbq_kdh]h j_]mebjh\Zgby bf_xs_ci_j_^Zlhqgmxnmgdpbx 8 W(p) = . (1 + 80p) ⋅ (1 + 12p) F_lh^bq_kdb_ mdZaZgby: ijb ihkljh_gbb ]h^h]jZnZ j_dhf_g^m_f aZ^Zlv baf_g_gbyqZklhluω\ij_^_eZohl^h k −1 . GZclbi_j_^Zlhqgu_nmgdpbba\_gv_\kbkl_fuZ\lhfZlbq_kdh]hj_]m ebjh\Zgby_kebba\_klgubo\_kh\u_nmgdpbb: k Z k(t) =  sin (Ωt ) , k=const,   [ k(t) = (k/T)exp(-t/T). IhgZc^_ggufi_j_^Zlhqgufnmgdpbyfihkljhblv]h^h]jZn:NQO 26. IhaZ^Zggufi_j_oh^gufnmgdpbyfh(t) a\_gv_\kbkl_fuZ\lhfZlbq_ kdh]hj_]mebjh\ZgbygZclbboi_j_^Zlhqgu_nmgdpbb: Z h(t) = 15 ⋅1(t) ⋅ exp(− t/2), [ h(t) = 0,1⋅1(t) ⋅ [exp(t/5) − 1] . Ihke_hlukdZgbyi_j_^ZlhqghcnmgdpbbW(p) i_j_c^bl_d:NQOW(jω) b ihkljhcl_ Zfieblm^gh-qZklhlgu_ A(ω) b nZah-qZklhlgu_ ϕ(ω) oZjZdl_jbklbdb ^Zgguo^\moa\_gv_\
33

Ijh]jZffZ©Ihkljh_gb_]h^h]jZnZª Ijh]jZffZI_j_oh^gu_ijhp_kku Ijh]jZffZ©Bfimevkgu_oZjZdl_jbklbdbª. Ijh]jZffZ©Kbkl_fZmijZ\e_gbykh[jZlghck\yavxª Ijh]jZffZ©Nbevljgb`gboqZklhl;Zll_j\hjlZª Ebl_jZlmjZ >ZjZo\_eb^a_I=FZjdh\?I'HOSKL-kj_^Z\bamZevgh]hijh]jZffbjh\Zgby-KI[%+9-KZgdl-I_l_j[mj]-k K\ZgLHkgh\uijh]jZffbjh\Zgby\'HOSKL^ey:LQGRZV-Db_\ >bZe_dlbdZ-k NZjhgh\<<IZkdZevbWindows. -F©FNLM-N?KLH>B>:DLBDª 1995. -k 4. NZjhgh\<<'HOSKLMq_[gucdmjk-FGheb^`-k
IJBEH@?GB? IG_dhlhju_k\hckl\Zbf_lh^udeZkkZTCanvas &\hckl\Z7&DQYDV property Pen: TPen; I_jh K\hckl\haZ^Z_ljZaebqgu_Zljb[mluebgbc

34

gby

property Brush: TBrush; DbklvK\hckl\haZ^Z_lp\_lbrZ[ehgaZiheg_

property Font: TFont; Rjbnl property Pixels(X,Y: integer); Ijbf_gy_lky^eymklZgh\dbbql_gbyp\_lZ lhqdbkdhhj^bgZlZf;ke_\ZgZijZ\hgZqbgZykgmey b<k\_jom\gbagZqb gZykgmey Dhhj^bgZluhlghkylkyddeb_glkdhcqZklbdhfihg_glZbf_xs_ ]h&DQvas. K\hckl\Zi_jZ property Color: TColor; P\_lebgbb property Width: integer; LhesbgZebgbb\ibdk_eZo property Style: TPenStyle; TPenStyle=(psSolid, psDash, psDot, psDashDot, psDashDotDot, psClear, psInsideFrame); &lbevebgbbimgdlbjrljbo-imgdlbj bli property Mode: TPenMode; TPenMode = (pmBlack, pmWhite, pmNop, pmNot, pmCopy, pmNotCopy, pmMergePenNot, pmMaskPenNot, pmMergeNotPen, pmMaskNotPen, pmMerge, pmNotMerge, pmMask, pmNotMask, pmXor, pmNotXor); J_`bfjbkh\ZgbyMklZgZ\eb\Z_lkihkh[\aZbfh^_ckl\byp\_ lZi_jZbp\_lZih\_joghklb&DQYDV K\hckl\Zdbklb property Color: TColor; P\_laZdjZkdb property Style: TBrushStyle; TBrushStyle ={ bsSolid, bsCross, bsClear, bsDiagCross, bsBDiagonal, bsHorizontal, bsFDiagonal, bsVertical}; RZ[ehgaZ djZkdb property Bitmap: TBitmap; Ijhba\hevgucrZ[ehgaZdjZkdb &\hckl\ZrjbnlZ property Name:TFontName;Kh^_j`bl bfy rjbnlZ gZijbf_j7LPHV 1HZ Roman). property Style: TFontStyles; TFontStyles = set of TFontStyle; TFontStyle = (fsBold, fsItalic, fsUnderline, fsStrikeOut); Kh^_j`blgZq_jlZgb_rjbnlZgZ ijbf_jdmjkb\ property Color: TColor; P\_lrjbnlZ property Pitch: TFontPitch; TFontPitch = (fpDefault, fpVariable, fpFixed); MklZgZ\eb\Z_llbirjbnlZ-fhghrbjbggucbebijhihjpbhgZevguc property Size: integer; JZaf_jrjbnlZ\imgdlZo.

F_lh^u7&DQYDV procedure Arc (X1, Y1, X2, Y2, X3, Y3, X4, Y4: integer); Jbkm_l k_]f_gl weebikZK_]f_gljbkm_lkyijhlb\qZkh\hcklj_edbWeebikhij_^_ey_lkyhib ku\Zxsbf ijyfhm]hevgbdhf X1,Y1) - ;< GZqZevgZy b dhg_qgZy lhqdb k_]f_glZ e_`Zl gZ i_j_k_q_gbb weebikZ b emq_c ijh\_^_gguo ba _]h p_gljZ q_j_alhqdb;< b;< khhl\_lkl\_ggh

35

procedure Chord (X1, Y1, X2, Y2, X3, Y3, X4, Y4: integer); Jbkm_lohj^mb aZeb\Z_l hlk_dZ_fmx _x qZklv weebikZ Weebik b dhhj^bgZlu ohj^u hij_^_ eyxlkydZd\f_lh^_$UF procedure Ellipse (X1, Y1, X2, Y2: integer); Jbkm_lbaZdjZrb\Z_ll_dm s_cdbklvxweebik\ibkZgguc\ijyfhm]hevgbd;< - (X2,Y2). procedure LineTo (X, Y: Integer); Ijh\h^bl ebgbx l_dmsbfi_jhfbal_ dms_clhqdb\lhqdm;< procedure MoveTo (X, Y: Integer); I_j_f_sZ_ll_dms__iheh`_gb_i_jZ\ lhqdm;< procedure CopyRect (const Rect: TRect; Canvas: TCanvas; const Source: TRect); Ijhba\h^bldhibjh\Zgb_ijyfhm]hevgbdZSourcebadZg\u&DQYDV\ijy fhm]hevgbdDest \l_dmsmxdZg\m procedure Draw (X, Y: Integer; Graphic: TGraphic);
36

procedure Rectangle (X1, Y1, X2, Y2: integer); Jbkm_l ijyfhm]hevgbd k \_jogbfe_\ufm]ehf;< bgb`gbfijZ\uf\;< procedure Refresh; Ijb\h^bl &DQYDV ohekl d aZ^Zgghfm ih mfheqZgbx khklhygbx. procedure RoundRect (X1, Y1, X2, Y2, X3, Y3: integer); Jbkm_lijyfhm]hev gbd k aZdjm]e_ggufb m]eZfb AZdjm]e_gby jbkmxlky dZd k_]f_glu weebikZ k jZaf_jZfbhk_cih]hjbahglZebb\_jlbdZeb;b< procedure TextHeight (const Text: string): integer;
KhklZ\bl_ebJm^Ze_\