VIII.
A GLOSSARY OF WORDS AND PHRASES PERTAINING TO THK
DIALECT OF CUMBERLAND.
SERIES
C.
ORIGINAL GLOSSARIES, AND GLOSSARIES WITH FRESH ADDITIONS.
VIII.
A GLOSSAEY OF WOEDS AND PHEASES PERTAINING TO THE
DIALECT OF CUMBERLAND. BY
WILLIAM DICKINSON,
F.L.S.
LONDON: PUBLISHED FOR THE ENGLISH DIALECT SOCIETY,
BY TRUBNEB, &
CO., 57
&
1878.
59,
LUDGATB
HILL.
CLAY AND TAYLOR, PKTNTEKS.
c T r rri !i
MH^.-
PE
,.
V. .
T .
,. v
c /-,
T;
n
CONTENTS
3lossaries:I.
and Phrases pertainin? to the Dialect of Cumberland, and supplement fiords
by W. II. Words
Dickinson. in use
in Cornwall.
West Cornwall
&y Miss M.A. Courtnay East Cornwall
by T.Q. Couch. III. Words
in use
in the
Counties of Antrim
and Down.
by W.H.
Patterson
-IMC!
tne stno
03 s
fcnp
,
tnpliscriiG lo :c?rff YC
ni
nl
.A.V B8IV
noT-
JnuoC
V-
.0.1 vc
^rt
nt
?
nl
o
.nwoC jeC
INTRODUCTION. THE
present
work
is
a second edition, revised and extended, of
palwt
inglisb
jtodetg.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. EBBATA. Hue
Page
v,
Page
xxiii, line
20,
for Eden read Ehen 9 from foot, for Gilpin read Coward
thence along the passing the head of Borrowdale to Dunmail Eaise, south-east and eastern boundary of the county to Kirkland, and by the base of the Black Fell mountain range to Croglin, and turning westward through the once royal forest of Inglewood, by Warnel, Brocklebank, and Aspatria, to Allonby, on the shore of the Solway. To the
southward of
this district the
words and the mode of pronunciation and
to the northward, ; expression gradually merge and to the extreme north-east, into the Northumbrian, partaking in some measure of the burr peculiar to parts of that
into those of Lancashire
into the Scotch ;
county.
A little to the
north-east of the pleasant bathing village of Allonby, dialect begins to vary, and chiefly in the long i
on the Solway, the
"IHOi
.nr
^ejJeQ
.>'
yes
INTRODUCTION. THE present work is a second edition, revised and extended, of .1 Glossary of the Words and Phrases of Cumberland, published in Whitehaven, in 1859, -which has for some time been out of print. The changes in this new edition are numerous, both in the way of omission and As regards the omissions, many words previously included addition. were merely corruptions or peculiar pronunciations of ordinary current English. These it has not been deemed necessary to retain. The rule of exclusion, however, has not been absolutely or rigorously observed, because some Cumbrian forms of common English cannot without explanation be
made
intelligible to people living
beyond the borders of the
county.
In treating of Cumberland words, it must be borne in mind that, small as the county is, having an area of only a little over fifteen hundred square miles, it possesses its geography of language, ranging across the county in tolerably distinct bands, and each preserving its substantive identity with the fidelity attaching to a national language, but occasionally shading into and blending with the others, its immediate neighbours. The most clearly defined band or belt of dialect extends across the centre of the county, and its southern boundary may be traced on a map by a line commencing where the river Eden discharges its waters into the sea, ascending the course of that stream to
Egremont, and along the water-shed of the ancient forest of Copeland, passing the head of Borrowdale to Dunmail Eaise, thence along the south-east and eastern boundary of the county to Kirkland, and by the base of the Black Fell mountain range to Croglin, and turning west-
ward through the once royal forest of Inglewood, by Warnel, Brocklebank, and Aspatria, to Allonby, on the shore of the Solway. To the southward of this district the words and the mode of pronunciation and expression gradually merge into those of Lancashire ; to the northward, and to the extreme north-east, into the Northumbrian, ; partaking in some measure of the burr peculiar to parts of that into the Scotch
county.
A little
to the north-east of the pleasant bathing village of Allonby, dialect begins to vary, and chiefly in the long /
on the Solway, the
INTRODUCTION.
VI
being pronounced as ey meyne and theyne, Ac., and this continues northward along the whole border, stretching more or less into the county.
There are many idiomatic peculiarities appertaining to the dialects, or rather to the varying dialect of the county, such as contracting the 1 article the into ?, in the southern and central parts of the county, but not in the north-eastern part. Another is the common note of assent, third consists in the entire vm, pronounced with the lips closed.
A
absence of the terminative ing in
and in
its
being substituted by
in,
words of more than one syllable, and more frequently an, and by its The affix ed is compensated by an
all
retention in monosyllabic words. abbreviated 't, and those of ly and ish are in frequent use as approximThe ates or diminutives, e.g. coldly, coldish, wetly, wettish, &c.
terminative ght in right, tight, sight, and similar words, was formerly, and even within memory, pronounced resht, tesht, seesht, &c., or by aspirating the gh. Ho and Hoo are common expletives at the commencement of a reply, and especially if the replicant deems the question somewhat irrelevant or unimportant, as Ho nay Hoo ey The English language has no equivalent to the vowel sound in the way the word brust (burst) is pronounced. It is not the u, the e, nor the i, but a kind of compromise between the e and the i. The word run !
!
!
!
is
in a similar predicament, it being frequently pronounced in a halfrin and ran, and partly approaching to ren, but not
way sound between
with the sound of any of them. few words are common to both extremes of the county which are not used centrally, as craa, haak, &c., for crow, hawk. Some words are differently pronounced in different parts of the strictly coinciding
A
county, although the spelling may indicate a similarity of sound ; and Seathwaite in Borrowdale is pronounced as Sea-thwaite or
vice versa.
whate, while Seathwaite on the Duddon is Seathet the e and a in sea being distinct. Calthwaite near Penrith, and Scothwaite near Ireby, are both pronounced as o long Cothet and Scothet and a few other :
words and proper names are pronounced in an equally arbitrary manner. There are shades and variations of pronunciation and accent in the districtal dialects which are extremely difficult to explain and which can only bo properly understood on hearing the native speakers in ;
We
unrestrained colloquial glee, or in angry recrimination. of the county-born know them, but others of distant counties may require help to know them, as we should of theirs. Instances are not
wanting
1
the uniting of the article to the Terb or substantive, the following ludicrous specimens become explanatory or puzzling, as the reader may fancy
By
:
!
'
T wether an'
twasps hes spoilt
o'
trasps
'The
spoiled all the rasps. 2.
Shoemaker : 'Wife; whoaretwax?' Wife : It* a twatter a twinda, aside twatch,' '
weather and the wasps have
INTRODUCTION.
Vll
moddrn refined pronunciation is the innovation, and the homely word the original. Among the older residents of the vales there still lingers such old and uncertain, and surely doomed expressions, as and sundry others of kindred laal, laal-ly, laalish girt, girtly, girtish quaintness and many of these are given with a peculiar inflexion which
in which the
;
;
:
describe. These are easily understood when heard, and, excepting the leading word, are not easy to give an exact definition of, but they mostly act as diminutives or as degrees of comparison. The strangeness of some words and expressions cannot be duly estimated from the sound alone, and on seeing them set out in print
it is difficult to
'
becomes manifest for instance, yannanudder one another dudta did thou, &c. It is not enough to enumerate the words believed to be purely Cumbrian. There are many contractions, corruptions, and combinations now current, which custom and time are gradually incorporating into the dialect, and which another generation or two will stamp as provincialisms and without a key to such,^a stranger would encounter many difficulties in ordinary conversation with an untravelled native. '
their ludicrousness
:
'
'
;
;
It may here be remarked, that a considerable portion of the labouring population, occupied in mining, draining, and other earth- works, consists of Irishmen, who, with their families, make the western side of the
county a permanent residence or at least till the labour market tempts a removal to better paid localities. And notwithstanding this influx, the Irishisms engrafted on the native dialect are singularly few, if indeed ;
Their children reared here acquire the dialect as perfect as the and soon use not a trace of their mother tongue and even the parents, in many instances, abandon their own idiom, and learn to use
any.
natives,
:
the speech of their adopted country. It is somewhat different with the Scotch and the labourers from the borders, who nearly all retain the expressions and the peculiar inflexions of their national speech to their
dying day.
And some
of their descendants are
known
to retain suffi-
cient to distinguish their nationality over more than one generation. There is, at least, one creditable peculiarity in the dialect of Cumber-
land
;
and
this
is, its
classes in towns,
comparative freedom, except
among
the labouring
from the contemptible slang engrafted into most
others.
An
attempt has been made (necessarily imperfect in the absence of a Grlossic system) to convey an idea of the pronunciation. The chief orthographical alteration will be found in the introduction of an additional or duplicate consonant as expressive of emphasis or accent, and in part as a phonetic accommodation. Thus, the Cumberland equivalents for the word hot are het and heatt,' and the latter would be 'heat,' and would convey a different meaning, but for the additional and accented letter and so with many similar words. The whole collection has been made in the intervals of business, extending
knowledge of the
'
'
;
'
'
'
INTRODUCTION.
viii
and a years, and has been found an agreeable change, All the glossaries and publications in the relaxation. unavoidcounty dialect, hitherto met with by the author, are local, and ably provincial or are indiscriminately intermixed, and consequently over
many
serviceable
;
imperfect.
An
localizing each
attempt
one more perfect, by The sources from which information a frequent, or rather an almost continuous, is
made
to render this
word and phrase.
has been derived are,
rural personal business intercourse with nearly all classes of the inhabitants of nearly every parish in the county during the greater part of a half- century ; the inspection of various glossaries of Cumberland and north-country words ; a rigid search through the publications
an in the dialect of the county ; the contributions of friends intimate acquaintance with the mother tongue of the county, and a lifelong residence in the central district described. I am indebted for a few ancient words, still partially in use here, to
met with
'
;
A Restitvtion of
Decayed Intelligence in antiquities. By the study, For a travell of E. V. (Kichard Verstegan.) London, 1634.' revisal of the words and phrases of the south-western district, I and
am
indebted to the kindness of the late John Caddy, Esq., of Eougholrn, near Bavenglass and of those of the extreme north-eastern district, to ;
the very competent assistance of Mr. D. Tweddle, of Workington, a native of the parish of Stapleton. The kindness of Mr. John Dixon, of Whitehaven, is gratefully acknowledged, in foregoing his intention to publish a work of a similar kind, and in placing the basis of his collec-
my disposal. The late Mr. Barker, of Greystoke, heartily contributed the benefit of his intimate knowledge of the dialect of his neighbourhood, and of its geographical limits ; and to the late William Randleson, Esq., of Croft-Hill, Whitehaven, a native of Scotby, near Carlisle, I am indebted for a perusal of Brockett's Glossary, containing sundry valuable manuscript notes and memorandums, relating to the tion at
subject.
BY way of facilitating the objects of the Glossary it has been thought advisable to tabulate some of the subjects, as follows: DIALECTAL PRONUNCIATIONS OF CTORENT OR ORDINARY ENGLISH WORDS.
A Abba
aleann alliblaster
alone alabaster
among
abbey
adveyce, N.W.
arnang
advice
afword
ayqual, s.W.
afford
airm, N. fikkorn
arm acorn
equal
B Beakk
bake
PRONUNCIATIONS.
IX
INTRODUCTION.
PRONUNCIATIONS.
XI
Xll
INTRODUCTION.
PRONUNCIATIONS.
Xlll
INTRODUCTION.
XIV
WOEDS APPLIED TO BEATING OE STEIKING. THE number
of words and terms applied to beating and striking is As some remarkable to deserve separate enumeration. proof of the combative proclivities of our ancestors, when wars were sufficiently
WORDS APPLIED TO BEATING OR STRIKING.
XV
frequent ; and rapine, at times almost a necessity, as well as a powerful incentive on the borders ; the following list of their words, still in use, with a small mixture of later date relating to personal conflict, and of beating and correcting, are surprising from their number and variety ; and are very expressive of sundry degrees of intensity in the different sections of the county. Some of the words have other meanings as well. Words signifying the use of the spear in warfare are so few as to indicate that the club, the stone, the battle-axe, the bow and arrow, the sword, and the fist, were the prevailing weapons.
Bang
...
...
Bat
...
...
Batter
...
...
...
...
Bash away Beasst
...
!
Beat Bensal S. W.
...
...
Bray Breakk
...
...
...
...
Bump
...
...
Clink
...
...
Clonk
...
...
Cloot
...
...
...
...
Blaa,
Clowe Cob
...
...
Cuff
...
...
Dang
...
...
Ding
...
...
Doose
...
...
Dander
to beat
a blow, a stroke to strike repeatedly strike vigorously to beat to thrash with fist or stick to beat
a blow to bruise or beat to thrash
blow
a a a a
sharp blow
sounding blow blow not repeated to attack and scratch :
to kick to strike without malice
a blow on the head
Down
push or knock
to to
strike
a slap
knock down
knock down
Dump
...
...
Dust
...
...
Flail
...
...
to to to to to
Flap, Flop Floor
...
...
to
Fluet
...
...
a smart blow
Drub
.
...
...
thrash butt with the head beat till dust rises hit with a down stroke a blow scarcely in earnest
an
effective attack, to the haft
Heftin' ... Hide Hit Kange, Kainje, ... Kelk
...
E.
"... ...
Knap Knock Lam, E.
...
...
...
...
...
...
Larrop
...
...
Lash
...
...
Leass
...
...
Ledder
...
...
Lickin'
...
...
such as driving a dagger up
to beat the skin or hide to strike (g soft) to flog severely to hit roughly with hand, elbow, knee, or foot to strike gently and quickly
a hard blow to beat to flog with a strap, &c. to whip to thrash to beat
a thrashing
INTRODUCTION.
XVI Lig at Lounder
to strike at to thrash clumsily
Mak
go and attack
at
Mash
to disfigure by to all but kill
Massacree
blows
to abuse greatly a slight blow on the head to strike on the head a boyish term for a thrashing to beat
Maul
Nap Nope Paika
Pay
a thump with the
Pelk Pelt Prick, Prod
...
Pum, Pummel
fist
to beat query from pelt to beat to wound with the spear
with the
Quilt
to pound or beat to beat keenly
Rap
a hard stroke
Eozzel
to whip to hit with a stone, or by a sling to quiet a person by a thrashing to thrash with a stick or rod to whip or beat to disfigure without serious injury to beat with the open hand to wound with the sword
Scop Settle
Skaitch
Skelp Slaister
Slap Slash
fists
Wallop
a blow clumsily struck a stroke on the face with the open hand to break a man down a clever beating punishment with a strap to apply the strap to flog with a rod or switch to belabour the body a sharp stroke on the head to whip or thrash severely a heavy blow with a dull sound a hard stroke with the fist to beat with a stick to whip a child to punish by beating to beat keenly to beat roughly
Weft
to slap a child to beat
Slouch.
Smack Smash Spankin' Stirrup oil Strop
Switch
Tan Tap Targe
Thud
Thump Towel Trim Trounce Twilt
Warm
Whack Whale Whap, Whop Whelk
a strong and sounding blow to apply a cudgel a smart blow a thump with the fist
Whup
to
Wipe Yark
a back -handed stroke the fiercest of blows
whip
PLACE NAMES AND THEIR PRONUNCIATION.
XV11
PLACE NAMES. THE which
following
differs
is
a
list
from the
simply abbreviations
:
of places in
spelling.
Some
Cumberland the pronunciation of are corruptions, and others are
XVI 11
INTRODUCTION. Pronounced.
Spelled.
Pardshaw
Pardza
Pelutho Penrith
Pellyda, N.w. Peerath Pyk't baa Plimlan' Plunton
Pickthall, s.W.
Plumbland Plumpton Ponsonby Poolfoot
Punsaby Poo fooat,
s.w.
Ravenglass
Reb'nglass
Redmain
Reedmeann
Rockcliff
Rowcla
Rothmire
Rowmer
Sandwith
Sannatb
Saltcoats Salter
Sote cwoats Soter
Scaleby
Skealby
Scales
Skealls
Scalesceugh Scothwaite Seathwaite Seathwaite Skinburness Smaithwaite
Skelska Skotbet Seatbet, s.w.
Sea whate, c. Skinbernees
Smekttbwate
In some of tbe nortbern parishes tbere are farm-bouses called towns, as Justus' town, Nixon's town, Gibby's town, Pbillip's town, Jerry's town, &c. Otbers are onsets, as, Netber Onset, Upper Onset, &c. Very many otber names of places are more or less altered, but are recognizable.
PLANT NAMES. Cumberland names of British
plants.
Agrostemma Gitbago
Popple
Agrostis vulgaris
Water twitch
Aira coespitosa
Bull toppins,
Bull
feasses.
Bull
fronts
Allium ursinum. Alnus glutinosa
Eller
Anagallis arvensis Angelica sylvestris
Water
Arctium Lappa
Ramps Poor man's weather-glass kesb, Kesks
Bur, Crockelty bur, Clot bur, Bur dockin, Eldin a general term for dry stems used for lighting fires
CUMBERLAND NAMES OF BRITISH PLANTS.
XIX
N.w. Marsh daisy Hawer grass
Armeria maritima Arrhenatherum avenaceuin Arum maculatum Asparagus officinalis Avena
Lords and ladies Sparragrass
Havver, Woats, Aits, Cworn, and the stems Strea
Botrychium Lunaria
daisy, Ben-wort, Bennert Birk tree, Burk tree Shoe the horse, Unshoe the horse
Brassica
Roap
Dog
Bellis perennis Betula alba
, ,
Napus Rapa
N.W. Turmet seeds of the tribe are called Popple, and the plants Field kale and Wild mustard
Brassica
The
Briza media
Dadder grass, Dotherin grass, Dodderin Nancy, Dodderin Dicky Havver grass, Goose grass, N.W.
Bromus
mollis
Duck havver roots are Yowe
Bunium flexuosum
The
yorlins,
Yowe
yornals, Jocky jurnals, Jack durnils; and the plants Scabley hands
Open gowan, Water gowan
Caltha palustris
Campanula
Blue
rotundifolia
bells
Lamb
Cardamine pratensis
Bonny
lakins,
bird een, Bird
eye
Bur
Carduus lanceolatus Carex prcecox Centaurea nigra Chenopodium album Chrysanthemum segetum leucanthemum ,,
thistle
Pry, Little seg
Horse nops Meols, Fat hen Yellow gull, Gull Dog flower. White
gull,
Dog daisy,
Great daisy
Water
Cnicus palustris ,,
arvensis
,,
heterophyllus
...
Conium maculatum Digitalis
...
purpurea
...
,
-
,
Epilobium hirsutum Equiseti
thistle
Sharp thistle Fish belly N.w. Umlik Thimble, N.w. Fairy fingers Codlins and cream
are all called
,
Teadd
pipes,
Paddock
pipes,
Scrub
grass
Erythrsea centaurium
...
Eriophorum vaginatum ...
,
,
Mountain
flox
Cat tails, Catlocks, and the early blossoms Mosscrops Wart grass, Wart weed, Churnstaff
Euphorbia Helioscopia
...
Fraxinus excelsior
...
,
Esh
Fritillaria meleagris
...
,
Guinea-hen lily
flower, N.W.
Pheasant
XX
INTRODUCTION. Goose
Galixim aparine
Clawer Cleavers, Bob run up dyke, Eobin
grass,
grass,
run the dyke, Sticky back, Soldiers' buttons Bennet, Steep Bloodwort, Death come quickly, Stinkin Bobby
Galium verum Geranium Eobertianum
.
Hedera helix ... Heracleum spondylium
Hyvin
Ivin,
Hyoscyamus niger
kesh, Kesk. The dried stems are Bunnels and Candle Lighters Button twitch, Button grass N.w. Wheyte (white) top't grass Sheep rot, Eot grass N.TE. Stinkin Eoger
Ilex aquifolium
Hollin
Iris
Mekkin, Seggin, w. Seag
Dry
... Holcus avenaceus mollis and lanatus Hydrocotyle vulgaris ...
...
pseudacorus
Juncus conglomeratus, effusus and Seaves, Eeshes Gloss Whirlbent, Star bent
glaucus
Juncus lampocarpus ,, squarrosus Juniperus coinmunis
Sawin
...
Lamium purpureum
Black- man's posies
Lastrea all the species Linaria vulgaris ,, cymbalaria
Fearn brackins Butter and eggs, Chopt eggs Eambling sailor, N.w. Mother of
Linum usitatissimum
...
Lycopodium clavatum
...
thousands Line Buck horn moss
Fox
selago
Lychnis diurna
feet
Lysiinachia nummularia
Lousy beds Wandering Jenny
Malva
Common Mallow, erroneously called
sylvestris
Marsh Mallow Moss wythan
Gale, Gawel,
Myrica gale Myrrhis odorata
Sweet brackin
Narcissus, Pseudo-narcissus
Dafly, Dafty-down-dilly
Nasturtium
Water crashes
officinale
...
N.W. weyl (wild) esh
CEgopodium podagraria
Kesh.
CEkianthe crocata Ononis arvensis
Deed (dead) tongue, Water hemlock ...
...
N.w.
Weyl (wild) liquorice, Spanish
reutt
Orchis mascula
In the north called Craa teazz
Osmunda
Crow toes Bog onion
regalis
Oxalis ascetosella
Cuckoo cheese and bread
=
CUMBERLAND NAMES OP BRITISH PLANTS.
XXI
True
Paris quadrifolia Poeonia corallina
...
Petasites vulgaris Ostrutliiiim
Peucedanum
lover's knot Piannet Water dockin Felon wood, Felon
wort,
Felon
Plantago major
N.w. Fur, and^the cones Fur apples N.W. Pez Battan tails
minor ,, Polemonium coeruleum. Polygonum Bistorta
Cockfeighters Charity Easter mun-jiands,
Pinus
sylyestris
Pisum sativum
Easter
May
Waster ledges Arse-smart, Bity tongue giants,
,, Hydropiper Populus tremulus
Primus
Bonny
Cow struplin Bullister
institia
,,
padus
,,
spinosa
Esp Goose tansy, Wild tansy bird een
Potentilla anserina Primula farinosa veris
Ekberry, Eggberry, Heckberry, Bird cherry Slea tree, Slea thorn
...
Pulmonaria officinalis Pyrus Aucuparia
...
Bottle of all sorts
Boan
tree,
Bowantree, Witchwood, Hen drunks
Cock drink, Quercus robur and
sessiflora
Ranunculus repens
Yak,
N.
Yek
Meg wi' many
feet,
Meg
wi'
many
teazz, Crowfeet, Buttercups,
Bhinanthus Crista-galli Eibes grossularia
nigrum rubrum
,,
.
... .
Bosa canina
Hod the rake Hen pens, Horse
N.
pens
Grossers in the north-east Blackberries
Wineberries
Choop
tree.
The
fruit
is
called
Choops, and
N.w. Cat choops. from Norway called the g^rl fruit Chubem, in her native
A Bubus
tongue Brear, and the fruit Black kites,
fruticosus
Bummel kites, Bummelty kites, Bumly kites, Brummel kites ,, ,,
Hine berry Bunch berry
idaeus ... saxatilis
Bumex ,,
alpinus ascetosa and ascetosella
Butter leaves Sour dockins
,,
obtusifolius
Dockin
Salicornia herbacea Salices any of the trees
Salix pentandra
Wythes, Willies, N.w. Sweet willy
Sambucus nigra
Bulltree, Burtree,
,,
,,
shrubs
Pickle plant Safftrees, Saughtrees, Willy trees
sr.
Wans
Boretree
INTRODUCTION.
XXII Scabiosa succisa Schrophularia nodosa
Blue buttons
Sedum
Little houseleek
Stinkin Eoger, Stinkin Christopher
acre
Senecio Jacobsea
Booin,
Grundswaith, Agreen,
B.
Muggert Field kale, Wild mustard Felon wood, Bitter sweet
Sinapis arvensis
Solanum dulcamara
Swine thistle Yur, N.W. Dodder Courtship and matrimony
Sonchus oleraceus Spergula arvensis Spiraea
Ulmaria
from
the scent of the flower before and after being bruised Statice
Sea pink
Armeria
Taraxacum
officinale
Clocks, Pissybeds
Mother of thyme, Wild thyme Nap at noon Twitch grass, Winnelstrea Lockin gowan, N. Lockity gowaii Gleets, Fwoal feet, Clatter clogs, Son afoor f fadder
Thymus serpyllum Tragopogon pratensis Triticum repens Trollius europseus Tussilago farfara
Whin
Ulex europaeus ,,
Cat whin
iianus
Ulmus
Ome
campestris and inontana
Vaccinium myrtillus oxycoccus Verbascum thapsus ,,
Veronica Beccabunga ,, chamaedrys
tree
Blebbery, Bleaberry Crones, Croneberry, Crowberry Jacob's staff, Beggar's stalk, Beggar's blanket
...
Well ink, Water purple Bonny bird ee, Poor man's tea, Cat
. . .
eyes Vicia cracca sativa ,,
Huggaback Wild fitch, N.W. Weyl
...
(wild) fitch
As regards the proper names and sirnames of the county, many are conventionally altered, and contraction seems to be the guiding principle. Many will be corruptions some are nicknames others may have crept in from the nursery ; and all may not greatly differ from the usages of other counties. ;
Tharncroft, Workington, Auyust, 1877.
;
AUTHORITIES CONSULTED-
XX111
AUTHOKITIES CONSULTED. Anderson's Songs and Ballads in the Cumberland Dialect. Blamire (Miss) Poetical Works. 1842. Boucher (Eev. Jonathan) Glossary of Archaic and Provincial Words. :
:
1832-3. Brockett's Glossary of North Country Words. Chaucer's Poetical Works.
Clark (Ewan)
Miscellaneous Poems.
:
Clarke's Survey of the Lakes. 1787. Dyer's Ancient Modes of Bestowing 1805. Dialect of Craven.
2 vols.
1846.
1779.
Names on
the Eivers, Hills, &c.,
1828.
Ferguson (Eobert) Dialect of Cumberland. 1873. Gibson, A. C. Folk-Speech of Cumberland. 1869. and Supplement, 1814. Grose's Provincial Glossary, 1811 1855. Halli well's Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words. Hutchinson's History of the County of Cumberland. 1794. :
:
;
Lonsdale,
Mark
Lonsdale (Dr) Mackenzie. Matchell's
:
Th' Upshot. 1780. Worthies of Cumberland.
:
MS.
Nicolson, Bishop: Miscellany Accounts of the Diocese of Carlisle. 1877. Peacock's Lonsdale Glossary. 1869.
Powley (Miss)
:
Echoes of Old Cumberland.
1876.
Bay's Glossary. Eayson (John) Poems and Songs in the Cumberland Dialect. 1830. Eichardson (John) Cummerland Mak' o'talk. 1871 and 1876. :
:
Eelph (Eev. Josiah) Poems. Songs and Ballads of Cumberland (Gilpin of Carlisle). 1846 and 1874. Spenser's Poetical Works. Stagg (John) Miscellaneous Poems. 1804. Cumberland and Westmorland, Ancient and Modern, 1857. Sullivan, J. Toone's Glossary and Etymological Dictionary. 1832. Turner (Sharon) Works. :
:
:
:
Verstegan (Eichard) ties.
:
Eestitution of
Decayed Intelligence in Antiqui-
1634.
Williamson's Local Etymology.
Carlisle, 1849.
INTRODUCTION.
XXIV
THE WOEDS OF OALD CUMMEELAN'. YA neet aa was takkan ATI'
a
snoozlan an' beekan
rist an'
my
a smeukk,
shins at
t' grate neukk, aa thowt aa wad knock up a bit ov a beukk Aboot t' words 'at we use in oald Cummerlan'.
When Aa
boddert
An' than 0'
t'
my brains thinkan
set to
wark
kaymtest an'
Sek
like as
t'
we
some o' them ower, doon three or fower
an' wreatt
creuktest, like
'
'
garrak,'
dyke
stower,'
use in oald Cummerlan.'
It turnt oot three-corner't, cantankeras wark, An' keep't yan at thinkan fray dayleet till dark ; An' at times a queer word would lowp up wid a yark, 'At was reet ebm doon like oald Cummerlan'.
John Dixon,
o'
Ov words
he thowt to hev
Whitt'en, poo't oot ov his kist,
prentit, a list An' rayder ner enny reet word sud be mist Yan wad ratch ivry neukk ov oald Cummerlan'. 'at
;
Than Deawy fray Steappleton hitcht in a lock, An' Jwony ov Euffom gev some to my stock ;
Than, fray Cassel Graystick a
They
o'
com, fray Jock eekt a share for oald Cummerlan'. list
;
Friend Eannelson offer't his beukks, an' o' f rest (O man! bit he 's full ov oald stories the best) ; Aa teukk am at word, an' aa harry't his nest Ov oald-farrant words ov oald Cummerlan'.
Than naybers
an' friends browt words in sa fast, An' chattert an' laft till they varra nar brast, To think what a beukk wad come oot on't at last Full o' nowt bit oald words ov oald Cummerlan'.
Than, who can
e'er read it can enny yan tell ? Nay, niwer a body bit f writer his sel An' what can be t' use, if it o' be to spell Afoor yan can read its oald Cummerlan' ?J !
Workington, July 15th, 1859.
GLOSSARY
DIALECT OF CUMBERLAND. [The
word or phrase
letter Q. denotes the
the letter
Abbey Holme and upper E.
Aa,
shores of the Solway Frith
south-west
s.w.
;
and
;
and N.E. in the east and north-east.]
pronounced as in harm.
G. I,
Aapral (formerly
general), April.
Aa'z, Ize, G. I
I am.
is,
Aback,
G.
behind.
Aback
o'
beyont,
meer A-bed,
fwoal't
no where,
G.
'
Whoar
t'
fidler.'
s.w.,
Aboon,
sel, c. rejoicing
beyond reasonable control. Abide, c., s.w. to bear, stay,
Abreed, Abraid, spread. Ac, G. to heed.
c.
re-
'I
withstand. caa-n't abide sek wark.' suffer,
extended,
See Neer ak.
a sort of ancient Border judicature wherein a person (plaintiff or defendant) lay his champion's victory or fall in combat determined his fate, to death or freedom. Bp. Nicolson.
Afear't, heard.
Afeutt,
on
Afoor,
old.
grow '
He
ages
fast.' c.,
t'
s.w.
Again,
N.,
against,
agednn
Ageann
'
before.
Tom
field.'
t'hand,
Ageatt,
c.
inconveniently with pro-
interfering
G. going,
on the way, on
Aglet, Tag, c., s.w., Tiglet, N. the metalled end of a boot-lace, &c.
Agreeable, G. assenting to. Ahint, Bebint, G. behind.
Aim,
to intend, to purpose. aims to be a gentleman.' 'He's in his Airs, c. humours. airs to-day out of humour. '
N.E.
bound
to
age.'
foot again, progressing.
Abeunn wid Ms
Acram,
begins to
placed,
N.E. above.
main,
N.
Yage,
c.,
He
gress.
Abooan,
c.,
'
again,
in bed.
G.
Abeunn,
t'
Age,
Ageann,
lost in the distance.
N.
to be in use generally over the county ; B.C. in the east-central ; N.w. ;
indicates the use in the central parts
c.
c.
He
'
Airy,
G.
'It's
breezy. airy to-day.'
rayder
till
afraid.
c.
Afooat,
c.,
Not s.w.,
often
Afitt,
c.,
Afwore,
A-jye,
s.w.,
Afore,
G.
on one
side,
awry, ob-
lique.
A-lag, N.E. a term used in calling geese together. '
G. along. Dick.'
Alang, Lang, o'
foot.
N. before.
A-jar, G. partly open.
alang
Aleb'm,
o' c.,
s.w.,
It
Aleeven,
eleven. 1
was N.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. And fet water as hem was nede, The rocke anondyr.' Rom. of Octavian Imp.
Allan, G. a bit of land nearly surrounded by water an island. Ally, G. the aisle of a church. ;
A-loddin, '
She's
not engaged, on
G.
still
c.
Alongst,
N.W., Ananters, K. in Or anters in case (? perhaps). yon mouldering heap.' Stagg's
Anters,
offer.
'
a-loddin.'
Used
along.
in old
Poems.
deeds.
April gowk, April noddy, c., April feull, N., April fool. This term is provincial, but the application is of wider extent.
' G. him. Catch am, an' hod am, an' whack am weel.'
Am,
some
in
G.
Amackily,
fashion,
Amang
G.
hands,
among
other
Arch whol, c., Bowel whol,
things.
Ameast,
c.,
N.
Ameeast,
s.w.,
Amess,
a kind of oath '
of verification.
Amiss,
G.
Amess
;
Ard, aird, N.E. high.(])
a note
used in a slight (nega'It's nut seah
N.E. a cupboard, or place where victuals and sometimes plate and other valuables are kept. Nearly obsolete.
Amry, Aumry,
An, G. ing as a terminative is pronounced an. Rising, risan', &c. c.,
s.w.,
Fornenst, N.E.
opposite to ; over against. emst in some old writings.
Aneuff, N.E.
An-
Anoo, s.w., Aneugh, enough (as relating to c.,
G.
enough
nails,
c.,
nails, N. nails grown
Ang-er
jags round the nails into the flesh.
;
Angry, G. inflamed and painful. An' o', G. also, and all, too. 'We'd breed an' butter, an' cheese an' o', an' o' maks o' drink.'
Anonder, In anonder,
G.
under
;
beneath. 1
Ten schypmen to lond yede, To see the yle in length and brede,
soil,
which no doubt
is
but
its
secondary sense, such lands being dry, parched, &c., only because they lie high.' I never heard the term in Cumberland. [I think
Boucher
is
W. W.
wrong.
S.~\
debate.
G. to
'It G. argue, signify. doesn't argy'-^-it does not sig-
Argy, nify.
(as relating to
number).
Ang
;
Argify,
quantity).
Anew,
Buucher
in his Glossary: 'It is, however, in Cumberland only that I happen to have heard the term used abstractedly, to describe the quality of a place, a thus, ard country, or a field land means a dry, parched, arid says,
it is.'
tive) approval. far amiss.'
Anenst,
Slit whol, s.w., N. a vent-hole in
the wall of a barn, &c.
almost. c.
Applied
Arbitry, o. arbitrary. to manorial customs.
partly.
Ark,
G.,
Airk,
N. a chest, as
meal-
ark, &c.
Armin
chair, G. an arm-chair, or elbow-chair.
Arr, c., s.w., Err, N. a scar from a wound, a cicatrice.
Ar ridge,
G.
an angular edge.
Arris, in architecture.
Arse-beurd, a cart.
N. the
end board of
Arse-breed, G. a contemptible width or extent. 'His heall land 's nobbet a arse-breed.'
Arse-smart, c. the Pepperwort plant Polygonum Hydropiper.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. G. backwards. An Methodist preacher in Workington used to enlighten his hearers with 'Aa wad as seunn expect a swine to gang arsewurts up a tree and whissle like a throssle, as a rich man to
Arsewurts, early
git to heaven.'
Art,
s.w., Airt, N.
c.,
compass
point of the
Arvel breed,
N. bread prepared for a funeral. Arvel also relates to other funeral matters.
As how,
'He
that.
c.
said as
how he wad niwer gang near them.'
Aside, c. beside ; near ton aside Whitten.'
Ask,
to.
'
Par-
A-slew, Aswint, of truth
'
as asly
As-ley, as soon that G.
A-spar,
one-sided; out
'
way
wide
A-spole,
asplay
;
'He
Away, t'
'
to go away. church.' G.
Awsom,
I'll
N.
;
away
o. appalling, awful.
Ax't at church,
Hung
in
bell
t'
reapp, c., Cry 't i' the kirk, N.E. having had the banns published.
Ax't
out, c. the banns having been three times proclaimed.
;
different kinds. c.,
s.w., Ettle, N.
Addle,
wide asunder
Adlins, s.w., Etlins,
c.,
N. earnings.
Ayga, c., s.w., Yigga, Ayont, N.W. beyond.
Aywas,
c.,
N. ague.
N. anywise, always.
G. ashes.
Ass, Ax,
c.,
Aas,
x., E., s.w.,
ask
Baal, Baald, x. bold, impudent. ;
Babblement,
inquire.
Assel-teuth, G. one of the grinders or molars. Assel-tree,
G. axle-tree.
Ass-grate,
c.
a grating through
which ashes pass from the sunken cell.
fire
Ass-trug, c., s.w., Ass-beurd, N. ashes box.
Asteed,
Ts
gaan
at git
Barely heard. 'At is aa, 'At is
discourse.
things. c. the double white or yellow ranunculus.
G.
Back-boord,
dough upon Back-bred,
;
a board to roll a bake board.
G.
bred late in the
year or season. c.
Many
the
of
fell-dales, to.
against commons were formerly breasted with stone on the exposed side, or with stone
my
and
fences
G. aslant.
At, s.w., and some
G. silly
lakins, G. children's play-
Back-dyke,
G. instead.
A-swint,
Babby
Bachelor buttons,
into a
'
Attercop, c., speyder wob cock web, s.w. spider's web. A-varst, G. a vast deal.
Aydlins,
set
in reference to the feet.
Ass,
gay
c. a skeleton. 'She's dwinnelt away til a atomy.'
;
his feet a-spar.' c.
It's
to earn.
as willingly ; as the other.
apart.
'
it is. 't.'
Atomy,
Aydle,
diagonal.
;
E.
G.
't,
Ayder, Ider, Owder, G. either. Ayder syne mak, c. not a pair
the lizard or newt.
G.
that 'at is
to
quarter.
;
G.
bad wark
'At is
poddish.'
e, G. that I am. Aa's cum to advise tha, 'at is e.' Anderson,
sod,
and backed up with
earth on the inner side, hence the name.
Back
end, c. the autumn. about t' back end.'
'
On
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Backen,
Back
Baffle, c. to
o. to retard.
kest, '
relapse.
Back
<;.,
a
fling, E.
He was m endan' nicely,
but he gat a
back kest
sair
i'
winter.'
Back nor edge,
c.
'I can
mak
nought on him nowder back nor
Unmanageable
edge.' '
an oald
like
Back
;
useless
;
knife.'
rackonin', G. an unpleasant
reference to an old grievance. Back-set, G. a reserve ; something
back upon. Back-set and foor-set, G. rounded with difficulties. to fall
the back yard. Back-stick, G. the rod connecting the foot-board of the spinningwheel with the crank. N. sword. G.
Back-side,
Backstone, c. an iron plate or to bake cakes upon. its is
with indignity, to ex-
I so used.
have not heard the word
pose.'
G. the belly the cow.
Bag,
c. provisions taken into the field for workmen.
'
Bad bread, is to
c. To be out of favour be in bad bread.
Baddan,
c.,
Baddin,
N.
bad one ;
the evil one.
B adder,
G.
badder thing
Bagwesh, '
pute.
dest
thing
Badger,
med
c.,
'at
'Many a
happen.' '
c., N.E., Grain, s.w. handy, ' It's a bain lad, willing, near. ' ' Yon's f bainest poor thing !
way.' a lunch, or intermediate a feed for a horse in
G.
meal
;
travelling.
Ball money, N. money given by wedding parties at the church gates to children to
buy
balls.
In some parishes the scholars coals with this
buy
money
for
the school fires. The men give each, if booted and spurred, sixpence women nothing. In the west the money is given without rule, and is spent in sweets, &c. ;
Baltute,
Badger body,
Ban,
;
s.w.,
sheriffs
officer.
Bam,
poorly
a
G. to
bully and scold.
Bellcute,
c.
the bald
1
N.
in butter, &c. c.
Bum,
coot.
a person who buys corn and retails the meal ground at the mill of another; a travelling dealer
Badly,
short supply;
Baily, Bumbaily, c., Bally, N. bailiff;
It's t badcould hev hap pen' t.'
s.w.,
G.
it.
o. poverty and disreHe's gone to bayivesh.'
Bally rag, worse.
G. worst.
Saddest,
shakkins,
the last of
Bait,
Back-word, G. a countermanding. They ax't us to t' tea yaa day, and than they sent us back-word?
'
'
up, G. an angry cat elevates back, and so an angry person said to set his back up.
When the watter't, G. tail race of a wheel is flooded the stream above is unable to keep the wheel moving, and the mill is back-watered.
A
term of G. baggage. reproach to a child or a female ; a dirty baggish I
Baggish,
Bain,
Back
the udder of
;
Baggin',
slate
Back
;
to treat
'
Bag sur-
confound to defeat Boucher says,
by stratagem.
out of health.
c.
a jesting falsehood, trick,
cheat. N.E.
band.
a boundary on high and unenclosed land.
Band,
c.
Bandylowe, c. a prostitute. Bang, G. to beat, to excel, an
act
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. of haste. '
He was
'
He com
wid a
in
bad
to bang.'
bang.'
ously '
G. anything great. a banger.'
Banger, is
It
c., Bannick, N. thick oat-cake usually made for the harvest-home or kern supper.
Bannock,
Bannock face
having a
feass't, G.
flat
and a short nose. c. the bantam ; a dwarfish
Banty,
person or animal.
Banty
Bare gorps, Bark,
.
unfledged birds.
c.
ower
nockles
'He
bark't his fellow's
tudder
skope.'
Bark
at
t'
heck,
c.
to wait out-
side the door.
Barken't, to
bound,
dirt
c.
make
hardened on; bark hide-
crisp like
;
c. a term used by boys bespeaking a cessation of their game. Barn, c., s.w., Bairn, K. a child, a term of familiarity. Barn, thou mun come in, thou's like.' '
G. an old name for irons put on the spectacles; noses of horses to make them
Barnicles,
stand quietly. childish.
G.
Barn time, fulness in
c.
the period of fruit-
women.
'You may except. hev any of my kye barrin' t' c.
Barrin',
black
School-boys bar the teacher out at Christmas and G.
negociate for holidays before admitting him.
Bash,
c.
to spoil the appearance. hasn't in t'
'Her bonnet was rain.'
the perch.
G.
Bat, G. a blow; a stroke; the condition. sweep of a scythe See Oald bat. ;
Batch, c., N. a sack of corn prepared for being ground at the mill a pack of cards. 'Bateable lands, N. lands claimed by adverse parties. In a treaty of Truce held by the Commissioners of England and Scotland, at Newcastle, on the 13th Au;
gust, 1451, the Scotch Commissioners declare that touching the Saleable lands or Threpelands in the West Marches,' &c.
MS.
Matchell
Batlin' steann, c. a stone used to beat the coarse hempen shirts of old times upon, to soften them previous to being worn. G. to fatten; to thrive. Here's good battemn' to t' barn, and good mends to t' mother,' a usual toast on the occasion of
Batten,
a birth. to slope
G.
Batter,
to incline
;
;
Field walls are built wider at the bottom than at the top, and this constitutes the to beat.
batter.
corn in a half-thrashed
c.
Battins, state.
Baum, Beam, sun '
or
Baum
by in
t'
G.
to
bask in the
the
fire
sun
like
;
balm. a hag-
worm.'
Baurgh, Baze,
c.
a horse- way up a steep
Halliwell.
hill.
an'.'
Barrin' out,
work vigor-
N.W.
'
stiff.
Barley play,
Barnish,
Bass,
c.,
strike hard.
;
'
peel the skin or bark
G. to
to unbark.
off, -
hay
feet naked.
c.
Barfet,
intermediate-
c.
cocks,
sized cocks of
Bash away!
c.
to prize or lift with a
lever.
Beaddless,
c.
impatient of suffer-
ing.
Beanns, G. bones ; bad people. He's a bad bednn.' '
Beard,
c.
to lay short
brushwood
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. to project over the edge of a wall to prevent sheep going over. Sods or stones are laid on the wall to keep it firm.
Bearr, bore
Bwore,
c.,
Bellt, N. bald.
Belly rine,
;
sew loosely
abate
G.
Beatt,
roasting to beat.
;
did bite.
;
'
Our
dog bedtt a lump out o' Tommy Aa'll nut bedtt a Tidy lad leg.'
ledge of rock.
the daisy
N. both.
c., s.w., Beeath, yub'm, c. to supply sticks, to the oven while heating.
t'
Beck,
c.,
N.
Burn,
s.w.,
brook,
Bensal, ta'
pleass C.
woman's outside
a
only to the hips, in the early part of the
19th century, and worn only by day. Bee-bink, E. a stand for bee-
the
c.,
low
Beeal, s.w.
N.,
to bel-
to bawl.
;
Beeld, Bield, a fox den.
G.
a place of shelter;
Beermouth, Barramouth, c. an adit or level dug in a hill-side. s.w.
Bceas,
c.,
Beestins, Beast milk, of a new-calved cow. c.,
s.w.
a dried
s.w.,
ing into the clay flooring of the barn.
Besom
out, G. a signal that open the wife being
house is kept from home.
c.
the milk
Bessy blakelin, c., Yalla yowderin', N. the yellow-hammer or
Better,
E.
better
wad hev
Behadden, N. G.
it,
n't
G. improve it. 'He hev done 't if he could
better't it.'
G. of
Bellar,
G. to
;
an
bellow.
the better sort.
The bettermer swort
Betterness, Theer nea
sat
snug in the
An derson.
'
parlour. '
'Theer was
ner twenty.'
G.
amendment.
better ness in
belongs.
belch
the water-ouzel.
more.
c.
Bettermer,
Belangs, Belongs, Perlangs, c., if.
the black-
c.
Bessy blackcap, headed bunting.
beholden, obligated.
Belk,
c.,
(horse's) skin used for thrashing upon, to prevent the grain stick-
Better beasts,
cattle.
Behodden,
with the
Bessy dooker,
G. to bear.
Beese,
to thrash corn
yellow bunting.
Beeldin', N. building.
Beer,
Grossers, K.E. goose-
Berryin' skin,
fire.
Beel,
Yon's a bent
flail.
bask by
to
'
yours.'
c.,
c.
Berry,
Beek,
making purposes;
Aa'l bensal
berries.
hives. c., N., Beeak, s.w. to heat hazel or other rods to cause them to bend more easily for basket-
o'
Berries,
dress, reaching
common
'
beat thee.
bleak.
c.
c.
Bellis perennis.
to beat.
c.
I'll
Bent,
streamlet.
Bed-gown,
'Aa'l
pay thee belyve.' Benk, c., Bink, N. a low bank or Bennert, Benwort, Dogdaisy,
Beatth, &c.,
after a while.
G.
Belyve,
'
single fardin'.'
Beat
inclosing the intes-
tines.
a
baste
to
o.
to
Belly rim, N. the
c.,
membrane
did bear.
;
Beasst, joint
Beur, N.
s.w.,
an obese person or
c.
Bellican, animal.
t'
weather
yit.'
eructation.
Between whiles, Atween whiles, G. at intervals.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Beiinn days, Belinns, Boon days or Bovmd days, G. days on which the customary tenants are bound to
work
for the lord
the
of
days,
G.
boons or
gifts in
work of ploughing, &c., when a young man or a stranger enters on a farm. Boonmest,
s.w.
uppermost. Beuss, c., N., Booas, s.w. a for a cow or horse.
stall
Beunnmest,
c.,
It is yielding
(Bate.
change.
amends or supplying a
defect.
stockins,
c.,
Hoggers,
Fots, N. upper stockings devoid of feet, made long enough to cover half the thigh. Much elderly
horseback
men when on and
about
before
1800.
Bever,
to tremble.
E.
a bough or branch. Bicker, c., N. a small wooden vessel used for porridge, &c., made with staves, one of which is longer than the rest as a handle. Aa'l tak a stap out o' I'll reduce the size thy bicker.'
Bew, Bu,
G.
'
'
of the vessel thy food is supplied in.' I'll give thee less food and more correction.' c. a quarrel, '
.
G. to
Bid,
hurry.
G.
to
the
N.
s.w.,
of
act
building.
Biggin', G. building.
Biggie, c. to blindfold. Biggly, c. blindman's buff.
When
the boy is blindfolded, another turns him gently round to confuse his ideas of the locality, and
'Antony blindman kens
ta me, sen I bought butter and cheese o' thee ? I ga' tha my pan, I ga' tha pot, I ga' tha o' I hed but a rap ho'penny I gave a poor oald man.'
my
Bile,
c.,
Beel. N. a boil
flammation
an
;
to
preparing
in-
sup-
purate.
Verstegan.}
worn by
See Abide.
G. build.
says
'He's Beutless, c. bootless. gaan a beutless eran'.' Beiitt money, Boot money, G. money given to equalise an ex-
Beiitt
Big,
Beyd, N.W., N. to
s.w.,
c.,
abide, &c.
Biggan,
manor.
Beunn
Bide,
c. a long rod or binder, used in hedge-making. Bink, N. a row of peats, &c., a ledge of rock. piled up
Bindin',
;
Bir, Bur, G.
any rapid whirling motion; also the sound produced by the motion.
Birk, Burk, G. birch. Birtlin', c. a small and sweet
summer
apple.
Bishop't, G. burnt in the pan.
Bisky, Bit, bit
G. biscuit.
Bit, G. position gittan poorish his bit.' Bit, N. little.
See Bride-
invite.
wain.
Knock' t
'
but. don't waste G.
to bits,
it.' '
station.
;
He's
and pinch't to hod '
The
bit lad.'
Bit thing, N. small and insignificant.
Biddable, G. obedient; tractable.
Bidden,
c.
occupied
bidden a mort
deunn Biddy, louse.
o'
;
taken.
'
time, but
a nursery
G.
a mouthful;
He gat a repast. to wark he went.' '
It's it's
at last.' c.
Bite,
bite,
a hasty
and than
Bitter-bump, Mire drum,
name
for a
bittern.
This bird
rare visitor,
and
is
c.
the
now a very not known to is
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
B
The writer has a
breed here.
Blacks,
Bladder,
in a mild spring evening, about the year 1804, in the mosses of
Blake,
Arlecdon.
twea
'It's
Bittock,* s. a bit. meyl an' a bittock.'
flying flakes of soot. Blether, K. idle c.,
o.
recollection of being called to listen to the booming of a bittern
'
talk.
A bletheran'
'
as
G.
pale yellow.
May
Blare,
Blake
butter.'
Bledder,
c.,
violently
Bizzen, Bysen, N.E. ugly or illmade; shameful. 'Skinner writes it Beezan, or Beesen, or Bison : blinded from by, signifying besides, and the Dutch word sin, signifying sense,' a mistaken etymology, corrected in E. D. S. Glos B. 15, p. 33. In Cumberland it is seldom heard, except as a sham and a by sen.'
feulL'
to roar
TS. '
to bellow.
;
He Hares
like a billy gwoat.' G. to splash. ; Blish, E. an attack of purging.
Slash,
Bleary,
c.
windy,
cold,
and
showery. Bleatt,
N. bashful
c.,
c.
Blebbery,
timid.
;
the
bleaberry Vaccinium myrtillus.
'
Blab,
out a secret.
o. to let
Blebs,
c.
bubbles;
watery
blisters.
Blabberskite, N.E. a vain-talking fellow.
the bladder; to talk
G.
Bledder,
nonsense.
Black an' white, G. writing. Put it down in black an' white.' 'Nay, aa'l keep my hand frae '
paper.' c.
Black-a-vyz't,
dark-com-
'
c., N. a gleam. sunshine.'
Blenk, Blink, blenk
o'
A
Blin, N. blind.
Blind man's holiday,
G.
evening
twilight.
plexioned.
Black berries,
c.
black currants.
Blink, c. to move the eye-lids ; ' an opening a blink o' blue sky '
Black dog,
on his back,'
black dog's
the sulks.
c.
he's in
Blinkers,
a bad humour.
Black
Blackjack,
a go-between in who courts for
c.
feutt,
love affairs another.
;
6ne
G. a
leathern tankard.
preserved at Eden Hall, and in constant use in the
'There
is
servants'
hall
on New-Year's-
Day, a good specimen of the
old leathern tankard, or jack. Black jack, indeed, is its familiar apRev. B. Portetis.
pellation.'
Black
kites,
in the clouds.
c.,
Bummel
kites,
N.,Bummelty kites, E. bramble-
Blishes,
c.
word is a prominenl used in the same mean
ing in South Warwickshire.
torn
by winds. by a bait of
to take eels
it.
'He
Blob nukkel't, c. newly calved and in full milk. Blow,
this
Wink-
small blisters.
Blob, strung worms. Blob, G. the best of teuk t' blob onV
Blocker,
it is
c.
Blitter't, c.
berries.
Although
c.,
Blinnd lonnin', c. a green lane used as an occupation way.
*
Scotticism,
Blinders,
K.,
Gloppers, s.w. eye-shades used on horses' bridles. ers,
c.
Blow low, keep
a butcher's pole-axe. out a secret.
G. to let G.
silence.
do not publish
it
;
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Blown
fruit, G. fruit
blown down
Blown milk,
milk from which
G.
the cream
is blown. seldom used now.
Blue buttons,
A
Scaliosa
Blurt,
out
;
low ground ;
Booer, N. (bower) a parlour, also a house or shelter.
tail,
a small valley or hollow. G. the lowest.
Bobby Banks' bod-
ragwort, Senecio Jacobcea. ' Will't rain toBook, G. bulk.
troublesome.
Nay, nea girt book.' day ? Booky, Booksom, G. bulky.
Bodderment, '
G.
perplexity.
'
derment.'
Boddersom,
G.
Boggle,
8.w.,
c.,
Boogie, N.E. a
ghost ; something to be avoided. ' You needn't doggie at me, I'll nit hurt ye.'
Bogie, G. a sledge on wheels. Bog onion, c. the Osmunda Regalia or flowering fern.
G.
Boilin', '
The
food boiled for infants.
c.
Boilies,
flower,
Booin, Grundswathe, c., Muggert, E., Grunsel, Agreen, N.
Boddamest,
See Gibson's
the cuckoo-
and
a waggish
bottom
G.
Cardamine pratensis. In some parts the mealy primrose, Primula farinosa, is so called. Boo, c., N., Baww, s.w. to bow.
thickest at the end. G.
Sometimes pretty. ironically used in a contrary ' sense. It's a bonny consarn !
seg, G. a castrated boar. Bobberous, c. boastful ; proud.
Boddam,
G. prettily.
G.
Bonny burd-een,
Boar
tail't, c.
bond sucken to that mill.
'
something unexpected. Bo, c., Baa, s.w. ball.
Bob
are
to take their corn to the manorial mill to be
Bonny,
or speak
tell
Some farms
G.
bound by tenure
Bonnily,
Blur, G. blot; to defame. to
Bond sucken,
multured and ground, and are
the
c.
practice
succisa plant.
c.
aginary person used to frighten children.
by the wind.
the whole quantity.
heall boilm' o' them.'
'
Bool, c., N., Booal, s.w. to bowl. ' Bool in, lads,' go boldly in. Boon, G. service done by a customary tenant to the lord of the
manor. Boonce,
c.,
Bawnce,
s.w.,
Bunce,
N. bounce.
Boor
staff, c. the pin the handweaver turns his beam with. Let him Boot, G. bout ; a turn. a conhave a boot at threshin' an entertainment. test '
'
a motion of the throat, &c., denoting an attempt to vomit from nausea.
Bok,
c.
a ridge of land left for division of ownership. Bokes, c. a hay-loft, &c., of rough
Boke, Bawk,
c.
and turf or branches in ' Fork that hay place of boards. poles,
on ta
t'
c.
the
Booze,
c.
a carouse.
Boozy, c. elevated by liquor. Borran, c. a cairn; a large heap or extent of stones tumbled promiscuously together, generally ancient funereal piles.
Bosom wind,
bokes.'
Boly, c., s.w. a horse having white legs and white face.
Bo man,
;
;
name
of
an im-
G.
an eddying or
whirling wind. Boss, Sop, c., Waze, N. a milkmaid's cushion for the head.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
10
'Thou Botch, o. to mismanage. hez meadd a botch on 't now.' Botcher, c. a drink made by pouring water on honey-comb after the honey has been drained. Sweet as botcher,' was an expression formerly in use. '
Bottom wind,
The waters
c.
of
Derwent lake are sometimes considerably agitated even in a calm day, and are seen to swell into high waves rolling easterly, and this is called a bottom wind.
A
Bounder,
c. boundary. found in old deeds.
term
A
Bowze, c. the recoil of a gust of T' wind against a wall, &c. wind com wid a girt bowze an' whemmelt ma.' '
'This bacon's
briue. Brack, as sote as brack.' c.
Brackin clock, beetle,
G.
a small
brown
used as a bait for trout in
June. G.
Braffam,
the fern family.
c.,
Breigham,
s.w., N. a neck-collar for
a horse when drawing. (Befuham, Barkhaam. Boucher.) Braid, N.W. to spread ; to throw about.
A
cow is said to braid Braid, c. during the throws of parturition. The Saxon meaning semble
Brake, if.
1
N.E. wrangling. , Nicolson's Leges Marchiorum. Brank, c. to hold the head
Branglan
proudly and affectedly. an' like a steg swan.'
;
is,
to
re-
to favour.
Breakk,
s.w.,
Breeak,
to beat.
Brake-sowt, c., Brakshy, N. inflammatory fever in young sheep.
Brandied,
c.,
Brannit, N. brin-
dled.
Brandreth,
Brank-
N., a kind of halter, having an iron nose-band which
when
tightens
used
the horse pulls.
never having been having the maker's brand.
;
G.
Brannigan,
c.
a fat puify infant
boy.
Brant, '
As
c., s.w., Brent, N. steep. brant as a house side.'
' He's c. rash, headlong. a brashan' body, and runs heid
Brash,
and neck
still.'
Brash, E. a spell or turn of work. Kursty, come kurn a brash.' '
c.
weak;
delicate.
money
riches.
;
Brass, G. impudence ; assurance. ' He's plenty o' brass in his feass.'
Brast,
Brust,
Brist,
burst.
G.
That with the strain his weasand nigh he brast.' Spenser's Fairy Queen. '
c. a coarse apron a contemptuous term for a troublesome In Borrowdale they have child. a saying that when it rains on Maudlin (Magdalen) day, Jenny Maudlin is bleaching her brat' This is the 2nd August. Brattle, G. the loud rattling noise
Brat,
;
'
G. broke. c.,
'
B ranks,
Brass, G. copper
Barryham,
N.
Brong,
s.w.,
c.,
'An' Kursty brong brought. Anderson. his lug a whang.'
Brashy,
Brackins,
Brak,
Brang,
Bran new,
bcmt with a plough is G. twice the length of the field, or once about.
Bout,
supporting the baking-plate or girdle at a proper distance above the fire ; a trivet.
c.
an iron frame
of thunder, &c.
Brave, good
G.
Bravely, for
'
superior
;
fine
of a
;
sort. c.,
I's bravely
;
N.E.
quite well.
how's thou
?
'
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Brayin' steann, c., K. a rounded stone used for pounding sandstone to sand floors with. c.
Brayzent,
brazen; impudent;
excess of assurance. to press into a crowd, to scorch. c.
Brazzle, &c.
;
Brek, Break, c. the portion of land ploughed oxit of ley in the year.
Brek of a Breme, ower
frost, o. a thaw.
N.E. to froth. ' It bremes it froths over the brim. '
;
Brenth,
Q.
pez. X.E. scorched peas scrambled
Breuk't,
c.
for by boys. glorious feast for the youngsters sly urchin steals a sheaf of peas notice of the fact spreads quicker than the progress of the Fiery Cross in
Breuzz,
Brazzled or Brizled, or Bruzled
A
;
old times, and the village green
soon peopled by joyous faces. The sheaf is readily in a blaze, and this subsided, down go the boys on hands and knees amongst the yet hot ashes, seeking as for hidden treasure. The peas, some is
still green, some only scorched, others charred to a cinder, are all excellent to the anxious j uveniles, who rise from the scramble with hands and faces black as sweeps.
Breadd, s.w., Braid, N.E. broad. sticks, N. a wooden frame for drying bread-cakes upon before the fire.
Bread
Breakk,
c.
to thrash.
Bree, w.w. good. he's not good.
Breear,
bree,'
in the in the breres'
down
Bread,
N.E.,
c.,
He's no
'Now
briar.
a.
croppe, now Chaucer.
Breed,
'
s.w.
bread.
the space behind the udder of a sheep the fork.
Breekin',
c.
;
breadth.
A white sheep having
the belly and legs black breuk't sheep in colour.
A
!
11
Briz,
c.,
is
a N.
Breeze,
bruise. 1
Bridewain, Bidden weddin c. A wedding custom, now obsolete, at which subscriptions were made for the newly married pair, and sports held for the amusement of all. The following is copied from a local paper of 1786, and is part of an advertisement relating to a ,
.
Bridewain.
'
Notice
is
hereby
given, that the marriage of Isaac
Pearson and Frances Atkinson will be solemnised in due form in the parish church of Lamplugh, in Cumberland, on Tues-
day next, the 30th May, 1786; immediately after which the and bridegroom, with bride their attendants, will proceed to Lanefoot, in the said parish, where the nuptials will be celebrated by a variety of entertainments.' And doubtless a hand-
some collection would find its way, according to custom, into the napkin-covered pewter-dish upon the bride's lap. (The bride
and bridegroom were known to Seventy pounds writer.) was contributed at Henry Stodbridewain at Keswick dart's and* one hundred pounds at a similar fete at the Beck in Holm
the
;
Breeks, G. breeches. Breest, Brist,
Breeast,
c., N.E.,
s.w. breast.
Breet,
Breeth,
Brek,
Breeght, N. bright.
c., s.w.
c.
c.,
s.w. Braith, N. breath.
to break
tical joke.
'
Sek
;
fun
;
breks
!
a prac'
Cultram, both in the early part of the 19th century.
Broo,
c.,
brow.
Breaa, '
s.w.,
Breea, N.
T' beck's broo full.'
Broon leemers,
c.
nuts browned
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
12
Buck
with ripeness and ready to drop out of the husks. Brooy, G. being on the edges or c., s.w.,
Bule,
G.
Bullace,
This term
is
applied in ridicule when the harvest-
home Brot,
is
c.
held prematurely. refuse corn; odds and
ends.
Brot out, out
Corn
c.
when
the
is
said to
~brot
shed
is
grain
through over ripeness.
Browse, c. friable; mellow. 'You may begin to sow, for t' land's browse now.'
Brugh, N.E., Bur, c., s.w. a halo A far round the sun or moon. off brugh tells of a near hand '
Brulliment, N. broil
c.,
;
disturbance.
Brumstan,
c.,
Brunstan, N. brim-
stone.
Brunt,
G.
'Strip't into
Prunus
of a basket, or
See Yetlin. the
G.
wild plum
imtitia.
Bull-grips, G. iron clampers for leading bulls by the nose. Bull-heed, c. the tadpole.
the fruit of the
Bullister, N.E. bullace-tree.
Bull-jumpins, c. the second day's milk of a newly-calved cow boiled
till it
curdles.
Bull-ring, G. the ring to which bulls were formerly secured previous to being baited or slaughtered, as at Penrith, Keswick, &c. ; also a place of public chalTo shak t? bull ring lenge. was, some threescore years ago, to challenge the village, or town, or fair-stead to produce a chamshakker ' : pion to fight the similar to the Irishman dragging his coat through the fair for another to tread upon. '
'
storm.'
Brully,
bow
the
c.
corfe, or pan.
a corpulent,
gluttonous person.
Brossen kern,
help or
buff:
N. burst. E.
;
Buck up
tiU her, lad.'
Brussan, Ernst,
Brossen hackin,
'
to advance.
;
Buff, G. nakedness.
sides of hills.
Brossen,
to subscribe
c.
up,
assist
burnt.
Brusey, c. an overgrown female. Bruz, Briz, c. bruise. Buckel't, c. A saw is buckeVt which has lost its pliancy from being over-bent.
Buck i' t' neucks, E. among boys. Buckle, c. order; '
health.
He's
i'
a
mde game
'
Bull-stang,
G.
the dragon fly
Libellulce.
Bull-toppins, c., Bull feasses, 8.W., Bull fronts, N. tufts of the Aira ccespitosa a very coarse grass.
condition;
girt buckle to-
Bully-rag, Bally-rag, G. to scold or reproach to rally contemptu;
ously.
day.'
Buckle, c., s.w. to marry upon; attack.
;
fasten
Buckle beggar, N. the Gretna Green parson. His office became extinct by Act of Parliament in 1857.
Bultree,
c.,
Burtree,
s.w.,
tree, N. the elder-tree bucua nigra.
Bultree gun,
made
of a
c.
Bore-
Sam-
a boy's pop-gun,
young stem
of the
elder.
Buckle teah,
G.
begin
'
hand. Buckle varra welcome.'
teah,
;
take in
men, ye're
Bum, G. to be furiously busy. Bumman about like a bee in a '
bottle.'
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Bumly,
the
c.
humble-bee,
Bomba.
Bummel, c. to bungle blunder. Bump, c. a blow; a hump. Bumper, G. a large one. Bunch berry, N.E. the fruit of ;
the stone-bramble
Rubus saxa-
tilis.
Bund,
c.,
Bawnnd,
s.w.,
Bun,
N.
bound.
Bunnels, c., Bullens, Spoots, N. dry stems of the kesh or cowparsnip, or of hemp, used for candle-lighters.
Bur,
Bur, Cockly bur, c. the rough seed-ball of the burdock used by children to stick upon other's hair or clothes.
each
Bur, Runnan' bur, c. a short run to gain impetus for a leap. Burn, N. a brook ; a rivulet. Burn t' beck, G. having taken no fish.
Ms fingers, G. applied to persons having failed in some object, or having been overreached.
Burnt
Burnywind,
N.
burn the wind;
the blacksmith.
'He
Burr, c. a sudden hurry. went off wid a burr.'
Buryin'
t'
oald wife,
treat by an apprentice ing his freedom.
Busk,
c.,
on
Buss, N. bush.
the
attain-
Nearly
obsolete. n. the outer and inner rooms of the Border farm-
houses. G. to slaughter cattle for the shambles.
Butch,
short ridges of land of unequal and decreasing lengths. Butter and eggs, c. the Toadflax plant Antirrhinum Linaria. G.
a spout at the other.
Butter finger't,
G.
having a care-
less habit of allowing things to
drop through the hands. Butter kits, c. square boxes used for conveying butter to market in a wallet on horseback. Butter leaves, G. the leaves of the mountain dock, Rumex alpinus, used for packing pounds of butter in the market- basket. c. bread and butter with the thumb, and sometimes called a thumb- shag.
Butter shag,
c., N. wheat or oat bread steeped in melted butter
Butter sops,
and sugar. Button twitch,
E.
couch grass
Holcus avenaceus. Butts, c. earthen mounds at bowshot distance for bow and arrow practice.
Butt-welt, G. to turn the buttends of corn sheaves to the wind to dry.
Butty, G. bulky at the butt or lower end, like oald Bennett '
wife.'
Buzzer t, tard
c. the buzzard or busa timid person. She's a '
;
fair buzzert at 'neets.'
Bworn
G.
But and ben,
Buts,
Butter bwoat, c. a small tureen having a handle at one end and
spread
a wheel-stopper.
c.
13
days, '
days
;
c.
'
In
o'
my
bworn
in the whole course of
my
lite.
Bye -blow, G. a bastard. By-neamm, G. nickname. Byse-ful, G. full of mischievous. Perhaps By -spell, i. e. begotten by a spell, or by an evil spirit or demon.
Byse-pel, vice
;
Byspel in Middle English means an example,' and by way of reproach a sad example.' By-set, c. anything set aside till wanted. '
'
By- wipe,
c.
an insinuation.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
14
Caan't, c., Caat, s.w., Canna, N. cannot.
Caaw't,
G.
twisted
;
said of shoes
when worn down on one G.
Cabbish,
side.
cabbage.
Cabbish runt or skmnt,
Cas-
c.,
tick, N.E., a cabbage-stalk, N.E. the inside of it.
Cad,
'
mat or felt togewas caddit till
to
s.w.
c.,
ther.
Her
and
hair
cud niver be cwom't mair.' c. a hard biscuit, N. a retailer of small wares having a it
Cadger, cart.
'
A peat cadger.
'
A nderson.
Calavine, N. a black-lead pencil. Caleever, E. energetic and un'He's a caleegraceful action. veran' dancer is Ned.'
hardened skin;
c.
cal-
c.
the heel or hock-
joint of animals; a wooden stretcher used for suspending carcases
by the hocks. Campers, G. persons who sleep in tents or camps vagrants. Cample, c. to reply pertly to a ;
Camps, Kemps,
c.
hairs growing
wool.
the top stones of a rubcoping stones. Canker't, G. ill-conditioned rust-
Cams,
c.
ble wall
;
:
ed.
Cannel-bark, c. a small box made of bark and used for holding candles
now made
of tin or
wood
and retaining the name.
Canny Bob Kg couragement. at him till he giz in.' Canny bit, G. an uncertain term as a canny bit of comparison a canny bit warse.' better ;' '
!
'
;
'
Canny come
off, c.
ludicrous
unexpected turn of
and
affairs.
G. pretty, nice, gentle, cautious. 'Be canny,' or cautious.
Canny, Conny,
Cant, one
ya
to lean to ; gitten a cant to
to overturn
G.
'
side.
It's
side.'
Canty,
merry, lively, cheerful.
G.
Caper corner way,
Capper,
G.
c.
diagonally.
one
who
excels.
G.
something difficult. Aa'l set thee thy cappers' Caps cnt lugs, c. anything unexCappers, '
pectedly puzzling or droll. Cap't,
c.
overcome, puzzled.
'
He's
mun
stop.'
'Efter
oald Cannelmas neet ceukks find
nails, c. broad-headed nails formerly in use for securing the tire of wheels. '
' I do n't care ; I pay no respect I am not afraid. Car end-board, Coop board, c., Car scut, s.w., Heck board, N. the board closing the hinder end
Care, G.
;
of the cart. c.,
Carras, N. a house
to shelter carts in.
Carkish,
G.
a corruption of car-
case.
Carl, G. a coarse unmannerly fel' low. rough carl.'
A
cannel-leet.'
Cannel-sieyes, candle wicks.
Car clout
Car-house,
Cannel-leet, G. candle-light. 'When harrows begin to hop, cannel-leet
stick having a split side-branch wherein a lighted candle could be stuck. Canny, G. a term of praise or en-
fairly cap't now.'
superior.
among
name from a
its
Capes, Ceapps, c. light grains of wheat with the husks on.
Caller, N. fresh, cool.
Cammarel,
Candlestick
G.
evidently took
suitable,
Caff, G. chaff.
Callas't, loused.
Cannel stick,
c.
rushes used for
Carl cat, cat.
E.
a male cat, a master
15
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Carl hemp, hemp.
G.
the coarsest of
Carlin' pez, N.W. grey pease softened in water and fried in butter, and eaten on the Sunday next Seldom before Palm Sunday. practised now. Carr, c. a rather extensive hollow place where water stands in winter as Brayton Carr, Eller Carr, Kirkland Carr,' &c.
Cat collop, Cat gallas,
the spleen.
c.
two sticks set upright with one across in the form of a gallows; used for boys to G.
leap over. c. a narrow space of adseparating the buildings joining owners; a space left around a corn mow in barns.
Cat geatt,
'
;
Car rack,
a cart-rut or track of
G.
the wheels.
Cat lowp, '
in near proximity;
G.
within a
cat lowp.'
Cat mallison, c. and E. a cupboard which cats cannot rob a dog given to worry cats. ;
Car
reet,
Car reeght,
c.,
N. cart-
wright. '
He
drive
to
G.
Carry,
or
Catscope, Catscalp, convey.
carry't his yowes to sell and to carry back ageann.'
hed them
the movement or direcCarry, ' It'll be fair tion of the clouds. to-day because t' carry's i' t'west.'
c.
clay iron-
stone in nodules.
the
c.
Cat-tails,
cotton
grass.
Eriophorum vaginatum.
c.
to
c.
Carry on,
'
rompish.
be playful or
They'd
fine carryin's
on.'
Carry on the war
c.
!
continue
the fun. c.,
Car-limmers, s.w.
cart-shafts. '
Casly,
G.
A
in coal
shale
varra cashy
reuff.'
a spinning-top.
Castick, N.E. cabbage-stalk. Cabbage runt.
See
G. an implement having six legs projecting from a central It is so called from the ball. impossibility of its being upset. Used in supporting the plate of toast before a fire.
Cat,*
Catch't, G. caught. '
Catchy Catchy, c. capricious. weather' is when the crops are necessitated to be secured in small quantities as they become dry between the showers. The
feet of the
c.
Cat-wittit,
thank
and conceited.
silly
occasion.
G.
ye, I've
neah
'Nay,
'cay shin'
or remorse.
Cellar op'nin', G. a benefit night for the new occupier of a public house.
Cennel
(c hard), G.
caltrop used for
enemy's horse
is
spiking the of this kind.
cannel
coal.
and Cassen, (c hard), Bob meer N. cast, overturned. was kessen in a gutter.'
Cessen
G.,
'
Ceiill (c hard), G. cool. c.
Chaffer,
G.
Chafts,
*
the dwarf whin.
Cat-whin, c. Ulex nanus.
Ceass hardent, insensible to shame
friable
c.
strata.
'
'Cay shin,
Car-stangs,
Cash.,
Cat-talk, c. idle conversation; small talk. They talk't nought bit a heap o' cat-talk.'
to tease in bargaining.
jaws.
Chalks, Chokes, ter
by
1
chalks.'
G.
marks. 'Bet-
Wagers are some-
times made to determine who can reach farthest or highest, and there make a chalk mark. c. to bruise or crush. champ't his thoom in a yat
Champ, '
He
sneck.'
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
16 Chance barn,
o.
an
illegitimate
child. o. the cry of a pack of hounds; the conversation of num-
Chang, bers.
Since 1850, James Bunting of Cockermouth, a man of seventy, charmed a scorbutic sore on a carter named Telford He took an ashen stick and burnt its end, and with it drew a circle
Charm,
G.
!
around the
He
sore.
said some-
thing to himself which Telford did not understand, bit it dud '
nea good.' Chasser,
de-
male sheep much given to annoy the females. See Huxnlin and Biggelt. c.
small potatoes
;
ash-tree
c.
o'
grass,
to shatter.
*
Chatter't
E.
c.
a talkative
child. c.
abundance of
silly
Chess,
Chass, s.w., Cheass, N.
c.,
chase.
Chihies, N. onions. to cut
c.
Chiggle,
wood
the cry of a young
G.
Chillip, bird.
c.
Chillipers, c.
ling; shell
nut
coals.
to trip; a term in wrestthe first breaking of the
by the young
bird.
Chirm, c. to chirp; abundant female gossip chirman like as '
;
many
sparrows.'
chirp ; the noisy chat-
c.
ter of incipient inebriety.
Chitter, G. animated whisperings. Chitters, c. the small entrails of the goose or sheep.
waaw,
c.
the amorous
a droll
language of
Cheeny, G. china ware. Cheese rennet, c. the plant Ga-
Chitty feasst,
G.
Chives,
the plant
c.,
young
Cheel,
N.
fellow.
c.
denly to
;
to pull sharply or sudto champ with the teeth ;
chew without
Chemmerly, E., 8.W.
c., N.,
c.
Chammerly, Sundays
c.
baby
faced.
Allium
schcenoprasum.
Chock
fall, c. full to
Chollers,
c.
fatty jaws
the top.
and double
chin.
dividing.
chamber-lye; stale urine.
Cheppel Sundays,
cats.
Chitty, Chitty wren, G. the wren.
lium verum. The infusion has been used as rennet.
Cheg,
unskil-
fully.
Chitter
talk.
Cheelie,
blades
cat.
the wren.
Chatter wallet,
Cha-waww,
first
the
Chit, G. the note used in calling a
into splinters.'
Chatter hen,
the
c.
whom
of grass in the spring.
Chirrup,
seedlings.
Chatter,
Cherts
Chip,
A
s.w. chaser.
o.,
fective
Chats,
honour of the saint to chapel was dedicated.
set
apart annually in August or September at Bassenthwaite, Thornthwaite, Newlands, &c., when people assemble from a distance, attend Divine service, dine with their friends, and then adjourn to the inns to make merry in
Chopp, Shoop,
c.
the fruit of the
wild rose.
' T* Chop, to barter ; to change. wind chops round to t' north.'
Choppers, Chops,
G.
s.w. snuffers.
jaws.
'Aa'l slap thy
chops for tha.'
Chowe, Chowk,
G.
chew.
C.N. to
choke or strangle.
17
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Chowl,
the fleshy part of the
c.
cheek.
Chris'mas cannel,
candle G. a given by grocers to each cus-
tomer at that season. Nutmegs or other spices are occasionally substituted.
Clap, G. to pat hare does.
shaf, c. the sheaf of corn given to each cow and horse
on Christmas morning. a stupid person.
c.
down on bein'
'Seek
aul'
th'
She's deun
having
hound on scenting game. Wo try't o' t' day and niver hod a '
chump.' N. the sprouts of the poc.
to reply angrily
and
weeping. c. the subdued growl of the dog; the prolonged note of the night-jar.
grey yad, clap on
lile
wark
t'
year.'
Anderson.
adhesive dirt ; anything Clart, clammy; a scrap. Ho still leaves a dart on his plate.' '
c. to abuse; to weary; throw or strike furiously;
Clash,
gossip.
Clash't, c. fatigued in bad weather.
and exposed
Chur,
Churchwarner, c., Kirkmaister, s.w., Kirkwarden, N. churchwarden.
Clabber,
c.
dirt in a pasty state.
G. a low, quick sound. She listened and heard the soft
Clack, '
Blamire.
clack of the mill.'
Clag,
G.
s.w. showery.
'
Claslty
c., Clash, N. news; a female newsmonger. Clatch, c. a brood of chickens.
Clat,
TusClatter clogs, E., coltsfoot silago farfara ; and C. a noisy
walker in clogs or pattens. Clawer, G. to climb; N. clover. grass,
c.
goose
grass
Clay daubin', c., Clay biggin', N.w. and N. a house built of clay. Cleadd, c., Cleed, Clethe, N. and E. to clothe.
Clammer, Clawer, s.w. a
Clammers, neck of a cow
c.
Clean
to climb.
yoke
for the
to prevent her
leaping hedges.
Clammersom,
c.
clamorous.
Clamper, Clonter,
c.
to
make
a
clattering noise with the feet. '
c.,
weather.'
Galium aparine.
fleean.'
Clam up,
Clashy,
Clawer
to stick to.
Claggy, G. clammy, adhesive. Clam, G. did climb. 'He clam out at t' fell heed like a crow *
iver.
G.
to
tato.
Chunter,
without
c. cakes beat and clapped out with the hands. Clap on, c. to put on a lid or hat, &c.
cheeks; chubby. Chump, c. the first note of a
Chuns,
settle
t'
the pad,
Chufty,
to squat as the clap't his sel
He
as't.'
fat
a person
o.
;
'
Clap bread,
Chris'mas
Chuckle-head,
from
to starve; Jclemme, to pinch.
Sullivan says
Dan.
to satiate; to cloyAa's fairly clam't up wi' sweets.' c.
heel't, G. active
with the
feet.
G. the gen oral house cleaning before Martinmas and Whitsuntide.
Cleanin' time,
Cleazz,
c.,
Cleckin, leet as
Cleeaz, s.w. clothes.
G.
a
a shuttlecock.
'As.
cletfcin.'
Cled, G. clad, clothed. 2
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
18
Cled score, N. and E. twenty-one to the score. Double cled, twentytwo.
the after-
G.
Cleet, c. a cross rib in carpentry a batten.
;
Fwoalfeet, G., Clatter clogs, E. the coltsfoot plant The young Tussilago farfara. leaf resembles the impression of the foot of a foal in outline.
Gleets,
the sting fly Clirysops. ' stick like a cleg is a coma close adhefor expression
c.
Cleg,
To
'
mon sion.
Cleps, c., Weedsticks, N. tongs for polling up weeds. Cleutt, N.
Cleii*, c., Cleea, s.w., claw, hoof.
a ravine or cleft. Cleiigh, ' Clough, a kind of breach downe along the side of a hill.' VersteN.
gan.
the lungs adhering to the ribs of cattle ; consumption.
Cliar't, c.
Click,
c., s.w., Cleek, N. to snatch;
a steep part of a road. 'It's a sharp dick up Workiton Ho' brow.'
dim,
G.
'
Clip, G. to shear sheep
of a whole flock. hes a parlish dip o., s.w.
'
o'
;
the wool
woo' at Gas-
a clever one.
ing.
It
to
unable to give the proper between o and u.
is
when
a hen
disposed
sit.
Clock lound,
c.
very
still.
See
Lownd. Clog, c. a block of wood to hang to the neck of an uneasy cow or to the leg of a rambling horse.
Cloggins, the feet.
is.
and
E.
snowballs on
'As Cloggy, G. fat and heavy. doggy as a fat su.' Clog wheels, c. cart wheels of thick plank and without spokes. In. common use in the 18th century.
Clonk,
c.
a sounding blow.
walk clumsily and Clonter, make a clattering noise with the G. to
feet.
c., N., Clawt, s.w. a blow; a patch ; a rag.
the Juncus lampocarpus
c.
plant.
to throw clods, They dottit t' lasses wid apples and hed sec fun
Clot,
&c.
N. a clod
c.,
;
'
'
!
Ned Nelson
Clippin, G. the annual sheep-shear-
am
E.
Clocker,
fact.
ket.'
Clipper,
a head of dan-
;
Children pretend delion seeds. to tell the hour by the number of puffs required to blow off all the seeds from a ripe head.
Closs,
is
a beetle
c.
Clock,
a positive a dincher.'
G.
Clink, G. a blow, a jingling sound. Clip, G. to cut with scissors.
I sound.
heel't, G. in proper like a game cock prepared for battle.
Cloot,
Theer, that
is
trim
to rivet the point of a
nail.
Clincher,
days
Cloor heed, E. a sluice at the head of a mill-dam.
a. to climb.
Clinch,
T
and
Clip't
Cleenin', Clensin, birth of animals.
'
Clip't, c. shortened. dip't in a bit.'
Clot,
c.
to strew.
'
Her
cleazz
and things is o' dottan about like hay and strea.' Clot bur, N. the burdock Arctium Lappa. Clotch, c. to shake roughly. c., Cleekin, Cleckin, N. a brood of chickens, &c., or the
Clotchin,
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. eggs from which the brood produced.
set of is
'
Clowen,
when
c.
a sheep on the
for slaughter the fat is
indented or
'
dowen
at
is
fit
tail
heed.'
Clowe,
s.w.
c., '
beat.
scratch
to
She gev him a
c. a quick worker. clowan knitter.'
Glower,
Clowk,
c.
Cludder,
to
;
clowin.' '
A
to
o.
crowd together;
cluster.
Clud nut, Club nut, o. two or more nuts united in growth. s.w.
Clum, c., Clom,
with
cobble atones.'
having climb-
Gammer
Cobble up, G. to perform roughly and hastily. c., s.w. to sit bashfully or unobserved. When o'was nar blinditwi'smeuk, And they jwok't and they laugh't i' their fun, Laal Dicky sat cockan' i' t' neuk, Takkan t' in, ey, as suer as a Old Song. gun.'
Cock, '
Cock-a-lilty,
to snatch.
boulder stone.
staves or with clubs, or
Gurtoris needle.
rump t'
With
els
broad-headed nails
Clout-nails, used for attaching the iron hoop to the old clog wheel.
a. a
Cobble steann,
Clot-heed, o. a stupid person. c.
19
in a
c.
merry mood.
G. cock-fighting.
Cockan',
Cock-crow-land, E. superior croftland over which the cock exultingly leads his harem.
Cock drunks, mountain
c.
the fruit of the
ash.
ed.
Clum
(Borrowdale,
man who
&c.),
a wo-
acted as guide over a mountain said to a tourist on ' completing the journey, I claim t' clum,' i. e. the fee as guide for the climb.
Cocker,
G. a cock-fighter.
Cockfeighters, the seed stems of Plantago minor, used by boys in play.
Cock gard, c., Cock dyke, IT. and E. a mode of hedging the same as Stower and Yedder. ;
a heavy stupid person or animal.
Chinch,
c.
Clunter, c. to walk noisily in ironed shoes or clogs.
Clwose,
G. sultry, close.
Clwoze, c., Clooaz, an inclosure.
s.w.
close;
'
I' th' kurk garth the proclaim. clarkco'f'asealL'
Cuh,
wert Coald,
c.
come. 'He co' toI said cuh narder.'
me and
Caald, s.w., Caald, Col, N. cold. If s cdald an' raa today;' 's.w. 'It's parlish coald.' Ey, fit to skin a teadd.' c.,
'
'
Coald pie, c., Penny fall on the ice. Cob,
a.
to kick
;
pie, K.
to beat.
c., N., Cockelty, s.w. unsteady ; on a precarious founda-
Cockly,
Co', c., Caa, s.w., N. to call, scold,
Co',
Cock-loft, c. the top attic where cocks have occasionally been kept in cock-fighting times.
a
tion.
Cockly-jock, E. a game among boys. Stones are loosely placed one upon another, at which other stones are thrown to knock tho pile down.
Cock-me-dainty, Prick-medainty,
E.
a pert and showily
dressed girl or
Cocks
dillies
!
young man. Cockswunters
!
exclamations of surprise. Cock-steull, G. a kind of stocks for the punishment of female G.
scolds.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY-
20 Cock
sure,
Cock walk,
;
perfectly certain.
c.
G.
during the rage
for cock-fighting, young game cocks were sent out with one or two hens each among the friends of the owner, to he kept at some retired shed or hut till ready to
bo trained, and
was the
this
'walk.'
cushion. G.
Codikel,
to embrace with the
a corruption of codi-
when
c.
the
hair grows perversely,
human
it is
said
to be calf licked. The hair of a calf or cow remains for some time in the direction of the last
by the animal's tongue.
Cofe lye, Cofe Iyer,
c.
the
womb
of the cow.
Cofe trnnnels,
E.
entrails of the
and cleansed, shred and seasoned, and made into a calf selected
The custom-
the court, K.
i'
ary tenants are required to answer to their names when called in the manorial court, and this is termed having a co' f the court, and implies being a yeoman or his representative. c., Caakers, s.w., N. calkirons for clog bottoms. Cokes, c. heels and toes sharpened to prevent slipping.
Cokers, ;
c.
gun wads.
Collogue,
c. to plot
Colfins,
'He
on, G. to prosecute.
Jemmy
come on
brekkan a
for
yat and gat seb'm
shillin'.'
Comers and gangers, &c.,
G. visitors,
coming and going.
Come't,
'
came.
c.
He's come't
Come thy ways,
o.
Come thy invitation. bonny laal barn.'
in.'
o.
time,
t'
when
an usual ways in, the clay
'It'll be three or time comes. year come f time'
Con,
s.w. a squirrel.
c.,
Conk,
the nose or profile.
c.
Connily,
Conny,
c.,
s.w. prettily.
s.w. pretty.
c.,
Consate, G. conceit, pride.
'I conConsate, G. to suppose, sate you're a stranger hereaway ?' Coo, c., Cowe, s.w. to intimidate ; to place in subjection.
Cooas,
pie.
ers
Come
Come c.
cil.
Co'
hev 't
'
Cofe-lick't,
licking
to
He came in.
Cod, G. a pillow, hassock, pinCoddle, arms.
'
I wantit at, c. to obtain. bit I couldn't come at it.'
Come
c.,
Cawwas,
s.w.
cow-
house.
Coo clap, c. the firm dung of the cow as dropped in the field.
Coom, or Coomb, a hollow scooped out of the side of a mountain.
Coom
cardins, Coomins, N. wool once carded.
Coom cards,
N. the first and coarsest cards used in carding
wool.
Coop,
c.,
Cowp,
s.w. a small fell-
side cart. ;
to confed-
erate.
Coor, c., crouch.
Cawwer,
s.w.
cower,
Collop Monday, G. the day after Shrove Sunday, when collops are usually prepared for dinner.
Coo skarn,
Collorake, Colrake,
Coo swat, c. the semi-fluid dung of the cow as dropped in the field. Coo tee, G. cow tie; a rope to
G.
Scrapple.
Com,
c., s.w.,
Cam,
y. came.
See
c.
cow-dung. c. the cowslip.
Coo struplin,
(Nearly obsolete.)
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. fasten the hind logs of a kicking cow during the operation of
milking. Q. coulter.
Cooler,
the top ; a peak ; a conical bin ; as Coulderton cop, Kinc.
Cop,
set
up
Copt,
c.
Copy
steull, c. a child's stool.
Corby,
pert
;
Dawp,
N.,
crow.
Corlak,
Cowrak,
c.,
s.w.
coal
See Scrapple. Cornage, G. a rent paid by certain customary lands towards the cost of a person to watch and give notice, by blowing a horn, of the approach of an enemy. rake.
G. cornice.
Cornish,
c., s.w.,
to die
did cut
c.
cot his
;
;
K. corpse.
has cut.
thoom.wid his
'
He
sickle.'
Cot, s.w. to wait on a sick person; to saunter about home. ' He cots on about heainm.' See
Teutt. Cot, a. a hut c.
Cotter,
together. oald wig.'
a humble dwelling.
;
to entangle ; to mat ' It was cotter't like an
Cottit, c. short-tempered.
count o'
c., ;
sec
N.
and
N.
account.
wark
'
s.w. I count nought I hold it in no
Cawwnt, '
esteem. 'Countin', a. arithmetic.
Country side, G. neighbourhood. Our country-side lads ageann o' '
Ingland.'
Courts, G. small railed-in spaces in front of houses.
to
'
lowp-i-
c.,
;
Doddy, cow
Polly, s.w. a
E.,
without horns. ' It's G. the core. badly burnt lime it's nought bit
Cowk, Gowk, cowks.'
Cowl, s.w. to rake together.
Cowp,
G.,
Swap,
s.w.
to
ex-
change. (' Ceapman. For this wo now say Chapman, which is aa much as to say a Merchant, or
Copeman'
Cowp, Cowp,
Verstegan.)
N. to overturn.
s.w. a cart.
N. the upper hand ; the advantage as of a practised
Cowper hand, chapman.
G. having the first word, or the word that gives the advantage. Cowpress, c. the fulcrum.
Cowper word,
Cowshin,
Cotterel, a. a pin for preventing the withdrawing of a bolt ; coin.
Count,
wood
c. better fed than taught in high spirits.
Cowey, Cow't cow,
i
Cot,
clog, c. a clog of
'
'
cov-
darnmish.'
diko' cow.
the carrion
E.
pund
Ho
*
G. to recover.
Cowdy,
Corker, o. something very approThat ia a corker ! priate.
Corp,
bruised.
Cower,
hang on the neck of a
proud.
;
o.
Ulmaria has been so called from the scent of the flower before and after being
the plant Spirea
Cow
a. coppice.
Coppy,
and matrimony,
Courtship
ver't five
niside cop, &c.
21
Cawwshin,
c.,
s.w.
caution. G. colt ; a petted child mother's coivtj
Cowt, '
Cow't,
c.
bare, without ornament without horns. ;
or shelter
Cow't dyke, c. an earthen fence devoid of growing wood. Cow't leady, E. a pudding made of flour and lumps of suet.
Cow
t'
lowe,
c.
snuff the candle.
Cow't Iword, c. a pudding made of oatmeal and lumps of suet.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
22
Jreapp, Crop,
c. quoits.
Coyds,
Coze house, Cwoze house, G. the house where a corpse is within. Craa teazz, N. the early purple
Crack,
crawl. c., N., Craal, s.w.
a
G-.
con-
conversation,
ference, challenge to do quickly. ' Come, Nichol lad, give us thy ' Aa will, in a crack.' cracks'
Crack, G. to boast; to restrain. He's nought to crack on, for he set his dog on a bit lad and wad
Jree, G. to
n't crack't off
ageann. a small hard biscuit.
c.
cricket.
c.
Cracket,
A
super-
used to prevail that prosperity comes and goes with the stition
crickets.
a troublesome an inferior animal.
Crad, Craddagh, child
;
c.
the neck or the face Crag, He hang a lang countenance. c.
;
'
crag
when
t'
trough, G. Old stone troughs of circular or semi-globular form may still be found about some ancient farm-houses, which have been used in creeing or crushing barley for making bread of.
an ancient horse packa wicker basket.
Jreel, c. ,ge
;
Jreelin', E. cowering, crouching.
!reukk,.c., Creeak, crook.
3reunn,
c., N.,
Crub, Kerb,
bull.
c.
the curb of
a bridle. rine, E. to overdo in frying or ' Thou's cmie't it tul roasting.
a cinder.'
Crankelty,
Crinkelty
news com.'
Crecan, s.w. the
subdued roar of the
Mb,
the King Ouzel. to walk as if the E.
crooked, zigzag.
c.
very
O' in's an'
outs.'
Cro,
were sore.
N.W.
s.w.,
'
Crag starlin', Crammel, c. feet
crush or break into
fragments.
'
Cracker,
Crap, Creupp,
Jreean'
Orchis mascula.
Craawl,
c.,
N. crept.
c.,
Craa, s.w., N.W. crow.
Croab't, c. drunk.
Crammelly,
c. tottery,
unsteady.
Crobbek,
c.,
Crowik,
s.w.,
Crav-
Cranch, c., Crunch, N. to crush with the teeth. Coarse sand cranches under the feet.
vik, N. a disease in the stomach of cattle occasioned by want of
Granky, E. crotchety; sickly and complaining. How's thy mudder ?' Nobbet
Crobs, Crob lambs, c., s.w., Shots, Shot lambs, N. and E.
varra cranky to-day.'
Crock, Crock yowe,
Cranky,
G.,
'
'
The grandfather of the compiler of this was called out as a cavalry or yeomanry
Cranky,
c.,
soldier in
N.
1745
and, like his neighbours, wore a check linen shirt with white frills on the breast then called a cranky ' sark but the ancient garmen of that name was made of home;
'
:
grown and home-spun hemp. Crater, Creeter, c., Crater, N. Creeater, s.w. creature.
change of pasture.
the worst of the flock. c., s.w. an old ewe. To crock, is to grow feeble and decrepit with age.
Croft, G. a field next the house, commonly level and of good quality. Verstegan, in 1634, says, '
A
croft
we esteem some
plot of ground,
little
and both the
name and
the thing are yet in ordinary knowledge. Croft land, G. a range of fields near the house, of equally good quality with the croft. '
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. a very lean person
C.
Croful,
said to have not a croful* flesh on his bones.
Crones, Mossberries,
c.,
is
of
the hollow note uttered
c.
by the raven when on the wing. to crouch.
c.
Croodle,
Croon,
s.w.
Crawwn,-
N.,
c.,
crown
turn into curd
;
to
coagulate.
horn't, G. horns turned towards the eyes. Crump, c. brittle; crumbling; the sound of horse's teeth when eating.
Crusty, G. ill-tempered. ' Cry, N. call. Cry the lad back.' '
the top of the head. coroner. G. Crooner, ;
Cry in as ye come back.' c. the seed heads of the burdock, Arctium Lappa, which mischievous boys stick into each other's hair.
Cuckelty burs,
Croopin,
c., Crippin, s.w., Crippel, N. crupper. Croose, c., N. haughty ; set up ;
elated.
Croppen, c., s.w. crept. He was lang varra wankle bit he gat '
T oald croppen out ageann.' woman's sare croppen in,' or failing in bodily appearance. Crop sick, c. disordered in the stomach. '
G. to
Cruddle,
Crummy, Cram
Creanns,
N. cranberries.
Cronk,
23
7
Cuckoo bread and cheese,
Cuckoo
spit,
Teadd
the
c.
leaves and flowers of the sorrel Oxalis Acetosella.
wood
spit, c. frothy
matter seen on plants in early summer the breeding places of ;
the Tettigonia, a species of beetle. G.
Cuddy,
Also an
Cuthbert.
ass.
Crottelly, Crockly, c., N.
Crottels,
c.
crumbly. small lumps.
Crow, G. a trivet for supporting a pan on the fire. Crowdy, G. oatmeal mixed with the fat of broth; a horse's mess of seeds and meal, &c. See Stick
by
t' rib.
Crowfeet,
Crowk, crowk
'
the plant Ranun-
G.
Crowkins,
'The guts
to croak.
a
noise. G.
c.,
N.,
and
E.,
Crawwl,
s.w. to crawl.
Crub, Crub,
c.
a crib or manger. Kerb, s.w. to curb
c., K.,
*
Cluff, N.,
i'
Clawwt, s.w. a
blow. G. a useless expletive frequently preceding a remark, &c. Cum. What hes ta to say ? Cum. O' yer healths aa wish.'
Cum,
'
'
Cum-atable,
G. attainable.
bye,
bye him.'
c. reprisal. It will visit
'
cum
It'l
him here-
Cum-mether, Cummiter, c. godmother. Seldom used. Cum't milk, c. milk curdled with rennet and seasoned. consequence be what
Cum
G. curd.
Probably not so
Cum
Query
?
Cum what cum may, ;
restrain.
Crud,
c.,
He's
after.
greaves from melted
fat.
Crowl,
Cuff,
trim, temper. girt cue to-day.'
a modern coinage
when the bowels make
rumbling
o.
'
culus repens. c.
'
Cue,
yer ways
in, c.
c. let it
the
may.
come in and
welcome.
much
as
would
satisfy the appetite of a carrion crow.
Cun,
c.
heamm.'
come.
'Peter's
cun
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY-
24
Cundeth, Cundert, o. conduit or It
c.
Cup down,
was formerly
the custom to turn the cup down, or place the spoon across it when
a person had done tea. Curl, G. the ripple on caused by a slight wind.
Curly kue,
a
G.
now and
flourish in
Cwoaty
Old Song.
curly powe.'
Currock, N.E. a heap of stones used as a land-mark, &c. Cursen, Kersen,
G. christen.
Kersen-
Cursmas,
Cursenmas,
inas, G. Christmas.
At
'
Christedance.'
may ye
masse mery
s.w.,
c.,
Keamm,
N.E.
comb. brass pin pin, c. a large used to fasten tho cloak or coat
Cwol greuvv,
Cush Scush c. exclamations of wonder; a kind of oath. The
c.
an old name for
a coal work. c. the rule of Furst como furst sarv't.'
Cwol-greuw law, '
turn.
Cwolly, c., N.E. the shepherd's dog; colley. Cwoorse, c., N., and E., Cawwrse, s.w. coarse, course.
Cwoort,
Chaucer.
c.,
N.E.,
Cawwrt,
s.w.
court.
!
!
a
first is
call
note for cattle.
a pet
c.
Cushy, Custa ?
name
for a cow.
?
custa
an'
ya
an old saying
was.
any '
it
caps cut lugs, and cut lugs caps thede'il.'
'
Cworn
later, c. a person begging for corn. It was the custom till lately for a poor man beginning the world on a small farm, to go
neighbours when one or two gallons would bo given him at nearly every farm- house.
Daab,
G.
Daad,
c.
&c.
'
to
whisper or talk th' pantry tho sweet-
softly.
I"
hear tors
cutter' t
quite
soft.'
An-
derson.
A
c. secret conversatho note of tho male pigeon. Cuttle, N. to chat or gossip.
Daarent,
laal
c.,
ddad
Darna,
o'
snow on
t'
N. dare not.
On the o. night of the execution of the Earl of Derwentwater the aurora
Daarenwatter
leets,
borealis flashed with remarkable brilliancy, and has since been so named in remembrance of him.
Cuttery coo, ;
daub; bedaub. a slight covering of snow,
grand.'
Cut'n, G. has been cut. Cuts, G. pieces of straw, &c., used in drawing lots. G.
the corn-crake
There
relative to
stroke of great cunning, that
Cutter,
G.
soliciting for seed corn,
= Short-ears, but I
G.
know who he
corn; s.w.
round among his
'Cute, G. acute, clever.
don't
E.,
or landrail.
Cut, G. to castrate.
Cut lugs,
and
c., IT.,
com.
Cworn creakk,
wi'
kye ? Ey, twenty good nowt yoad forbye.'
Cworn, oats,
comest thou ?
c.
Kursty, whoar custa frae
tion
than.'
'Cuze, G. accuse.
collar with.
1
is
G.
see us
Cwoam,
writing, &c.
shell-fish.
c.
perriwinkle ' He cuz ower to comes.
water
or Curly powe, G. a curled poll head of hair. 'Dainty Davie,
'
Cuz,
See Skutty.
short.
jr.
Cutty,
Cuwins,
culvert.
Dab,
G.
Ladder,
an expert one. c.,
s.w.,
Didder, Dod-
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. der, N. and E. to shiver; tromblo.
to
Dadder N.
grass, c.,Dotherin grass, quaking grass Briza media.
D addle,
slowly; to '
And
walk or work
to
G.
the hand. o' thy daddle'
trifle;
give us a shak
c.
Daffy,
the
daffodil
'He's nobbut daftish.' Ey, daft as a besom.' He's Daft, G. silly, wanton. fairly daft about her.' idiotic.
G.
Daft,
'
'
wet and misty wea-
N.
Daggy, ther.
Dally, o', G.
c.,
Tally, N., Tee tak
up
Tee tak o\ dally an' o'.' Dance, c. a country party where dancing is the chief amusement. ;
His dander's up.'
'
Dander, N. '
passion, excitement
G.
a blow.
to hobble, to
wander
danderan about.'
Dang,
N. to
push,
to
strike.
Dang him for a foull Aa'll ding him owor, and efter he's dung ower aa'll dang his silly '
!
heed
off.'
Dar, Darrat, Dar-zonn
c.
!
oaths
Dark, G. to lurk; to listen in the back ground like a pig in a '
;
strea heap.'
Darkan', G. lurking ; listening without seeming to attend. Darken, c. to stand or be in the He sal niver darken my way. door na mair.' '
Darrak,
G.
c.,
s.w.,
Darg,
day's work.
Darter,
c.
Mumps
dauds
o'
pan-
the carrion crow.
c.
a mining term for the
G.
Day,
a quick person.
TS.
e.
leet'nin',
morning twi-
light; daybreak.
Dayz't, c., Deaz't, s.w. pasty, half-baked, exhausted, stupid. Literally, dazed.
Dea, Deuh, Du, N. and
Du,
c.,
Dee,
s.w.,
E. do.
nettle, Deea nettle, nettle, c. the dead nettle mium album.
Deaa
a.
much;
very
number
a
Dee Lagreat
or quantity.
Deall land, G. land held in defined but unfenced parcels in an open field. Deall meall, c. Dale mail, a tribute formerly paid by the cus-
tomary tenants of the manor of Eunerdale for permission to put sheep and cattle on the forest.
Deumm, of the
s.w.
c.,
dame;
mistress
house ; wife.
Deary me
! c. an exclamation of lament. 'Deary me!' said Daniel
Fidler,
'
o'
Three girt lasses and
mak
'
a taty puddin' c. the plant !
Death come quickly,
Geranium Robertianum used to be so called. Decent,
c.,
Day cent,
favourable. 1
A decent
Deddy, Dade, Dee,
evening twilight.
Dark,
Dawp,
cannot
real or implied.
Darknin',
puddin' and
ceakk.'
Deal,
a wooden toy.
'
Dander,
o'
Day
DafFan', G. joking, bantering.
Daffy-doon-dilly,
lump or rough quantity
surface.
to trudge.
E.
Badge,
Dass, N. a cutting in a hay-stack. Daud, Dode, c. daub, dot; a
'
s.w. worthy,
A varra decent-man.'
swort of a day.'
Daddy,
c.,
s.w.,
Dady,
N. dada, father.
G. die, do.
Deean',
Deed,
c.,
Duan,
s.w., N. doing.
Deead, s.w. dead. Deed drunk, c. when a man can c., N.,
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
26 '
nowther gang, ner stand, ner
Despart,
des-
N.
Dispart,
C.,'
'
hod by
t'
girse.'
Deed horse wark,
c. paying off an old debt by labour. Deed lift, c. the moving of an
inert body; a difficulty without assistance.
and ready
Deed
ripe, G. over ripe to drop.
He's perate, inveterate, great. a despart fellow for drinkin'.' c. to adorn ; to build up as applied to cocks of hay, &c.
Dess,
blotched with
cattle
G.
Deukt,
white are deukt. s.w. do,
Dewe,
dew ; pronounced
day-oo, quickly.
Deed tongue,
c., s.w., the water hemlock or dropwort plant
Deyl't,
(Enanthe crocata.
SomeDibble, G. to plant seed. times applied to the burial of a corpse in hope to rise again. Dickadee, Willy lilt, c. the com-
Deef,
N.,
c.,
s.w.
Deeaf,
Applied to corn,
it
deaf.
means light weak and
grain; and to land, unproductive.
mon
Deef-nut, G. a nut without a ker'
nel.
He
cracks nea deef-nuta a well-fed person or '
said of
animal.
De'el bin
N. a
!
mode
K.
moped;
sandpiper Tringa alpina. c. the hedge-sparrow
Dickey,
Accentor modularis.
Dicky,
'
G.
It's
of oath.
depth.
Deer,
c.,
Duer, s.w. door.
Deet,
c.,
Deeght,
more
or dress corn
;
to
to
clean.
Deeath, s.w. death. Deetin' death, c. a cloth used to dress corn upon. Deetin' hill, c. a hill used to
Deeth,
c., ST.,
dress corn upon by throwing the grain up against the wind. Ancient barns had opposite doors, between which the grain could be cleared of chaff in the draught when the weather was unsuited for the use of the deeting hill.
Deeve,
c.,
N.,
Dceav, s.w. to
deafen ; to stun with noise. Deft, c. quiet, silent ; N. handy pretty in old times. Deg, c., Dag, N. to ooze ; to flow slowly like a moist ulcer or deg'
gan
Dem,
sare.' o.
Dench,
a c.
dam
c. to
Dilly dally,
winnow wipe or make
IT.
Din, N.
dun
Ding!
c.
squeamish, delicate.
'
difficult.
waste time.
colour.
a kind of oath;
to
knock.
Ding dew,
who Avalks much turned out
a person
E.
with his toes
;
splay-footed.
Ding
drive,
c.,
N.
full
drive;
full speed.
G. to upset or push down.
Ding ower, Dinnel,
c.
Dint,
E.
to tremble
to
dint in
him
'
;
'
to
knock
with cold.
indent;
thrift.
energy ;
He
vigour; hez some
he will make his
mark. Dintless, Dirl, '
c.,
Sek a
E.
lacking in energy.
N.
a tremulous sound. and a birlin' it
dirlin'
meadd.'
Dish or weir.
dicky wid him
he's ruined, or dead.
Difficulter, c.
Deepness,
c.
spiritless;
with faculties impaired.
feasst,
G.
hollow-faced;
feminine. Dish't, G. defeated, overcome.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Doubtless a
Disjest, c. digest. corruption. c.
Dis'nan', ruption.
Diwal,
A
distancing. s.w.
c.,
cor-
Deel, Dceval,
N. devil.
Diz, N.
and
a
larger or higher mountain.
Yur,
N.,
N.
and
c.
the
corn
Spergulaarvensis.
spurrey plant
Doddy,
E.
a
cow without
horns.
do
Doff, G. to
off; to undress.
Doffboy, Doughboy, c. a stiff pudding without fruit. Dog cheap, G. much within its value.
Dog
c. the daisy See Benwort.
daisy,
Bellis
dyke, c. E. a boundary without a fence, where dogs are used
Dog Dog
hound back
trespassers.
flower, E. the ox-eye daisy
Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum. Dog fo', G. an undecided fall in wrestling
the advantages being
;
equal.
Dogger't,
c.
beggared.
Dog nwose, E. a compound of hot ale and gin, formerly cold ale and gin. Dog pig, G. a castrated male pig. Dog
trail, G.
Doldrums, Dollop,
to dress.
;
fatigued.
dank. Donky Donky weather,
c. mist and rain. a donlcy day, Ben.' Ey, rayder slattery.' Yesterday waa varra slashy.' Ey parlish soft. '
'
It's
'
an unruly per-
G. devil;
Donnat,
son or animal. donnat.'
'
She's that
o' t'
From dow
nought ; seo
a privy.
See Laal
Dow. E.
Donnican, house.
c., Du, s.w. a feast or merry making something exciting. We'd a grand doo tudder neet.'
Doo,
;
'
Dooer,
Deer, Deur, s.w., N.E.
c.,
door.
bathe
G. to
Dook,
;
to
duck
;
to
dive.
Doon, c., down.
Doon
IT.,
Duwwn,
E.,
at mouth,
c.
dejected
s.w.
;
dis-
pirited.
perennis.
to
do on c.
,
round topped fell, generally an offshoot from a
Dodder,
out,
'
E. does.
Dockin', G. the dock plant. G.
G. to
Done
'
Dizzen, N. and E. dozen; to bedeck, to decorate. Dobby, G. a dotard ; a boggle.
Dod,
Don,
27
c.
c.
a
a hound race.
low
lump
spirits. ;
a large share.
Dolly, o. an instrument to twirl clothes with in the wash-tub.
Doonbank,
c.,
Doon come,
c.,
N.
downwards.
N. a fall in price
or station.
Doon
fo', G. the low parts around mountains where sheep retire to for shelter in bad weather a fall of rain. We'll hev some doon fo' ;
'
er' lang.'
Doon him, c. knock him down. Doon liggin', G. lying in. Doon't, G. knocked down ; felled. Aa doon't him at t' furst bat.' Doon thump, G. honest, truthful. '
Doors,
c.
the fold yard before
the door.
Door
stearin,
Door
step, G. the
threshold.
Doose, c., N. a slap. thy chops.' Doose,
c.,
N.
jolly,
'
Aa'll doose
hospitable,
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
28
open-handed ; having a good ap-
Dree, '
pearance.
Boot,
Dawwt,
c., N.,
Dootsam,
c.,
Dreed,
c. a simpleton. dalt; a specified share in an open field, &c. ; as, a peat dote ; a bracken dote ; a hay dote ; a tangle dote, on the sea-shore and also of a fence or road ; as, a
Dope, Dopy, c.
Dote,
:
dyke
dote,
a beck
&c.
dote,
Do
a road
dote,
a command.
th.ee, c.
to thy wark.
gang
'
Do
thee
Mair din nor doing. more noise than work. Dow, G. to be useful orgood. 'He's not reliable. nought at dow '
G.
'
dow
'
Dowdy, Dowly,
G. slovenly.
Dowy,
c.,
N.
to
c. C.
knock down.
a bay in a lake
;
a re-
Dozen't, N. spiritless and impotent; stupified. Dozzle, c., N. a shapeless lump. Drabble, G. draggle; to make
c. the gratified note of the cow during milking.
Dreesom', N. tiresome, lengthy.
Dreuv't,
G.
c.,
Draft sheep,
c., s.w., Tops, N. selection of the best annually.
a
c. dredge; to sprinkle. Drift road, G. a way over which a person has a right of driving cattle, &c., through his neighbour's field, but not for other
Dridge,
1
brilDrip, G. 'white as drip liantly white as the driven or new dripped (dropped) snow. c. to work up and fresh butter into cakes and
Driss butter,
pounds. Drisser, G. the crockery shelf. Drissin', c. a whipping.
Drive,
G.
mixture of
oat-
him.'
Draa, s.w. to overtake. bit we'll sounn draio
off,
'
Our
it.'
severely wet. a waterproof roof G. Drop dry, drop dry.
Drook't,
c.
G.
rainy
;
is
beginning to
rain.
to
c.
rush down;
to fall suddenly.
meal and water. c.,
action.
force,
Drush down,
He's
lirno
namo
was muddy.
the cart.
Draik't, a. wet.
1
old
Driddle, c. a corruption of dribble; a dropping or slow running.
Droppy,
Draw,
The
wet.
G. a three-pronged fork used for drawing manure from
Drag,
E. a
slaked
to
monly applied
hez nea drive wid
a team of horses or oxen.
Drammock,
s.w.
Dreeav't,
Drayk't, Dreak't, N. saturated with water. This term is com-
hay-knife's square mouth't and
dirty.
Draff, G. brewer's grains.
Draft,
thing.'
Dreen, Dreann,
make
cess.
wet and
He
'
purposes.
downheart-
ed, sorrowful.
Down, Dowp,
Dreead, s.w. niver dreedit sec a
N.E.,
c.,
dread.
when very
'
Dottle, N. the small portion of tobacco remaining unconsumed in the pipe.
Dow,
slow, lasting, lengthy. a dree rwoad 'at niver hes a
turn.'
s.w. doubt.
doubtful
N.
G.
It's
Druv, Dreuv, Dreav,
c.,
N. drove;
did drive.
Dry, Dryish,
Dry
wo', mortar.
G.
c.,
s.w. thirsty.
a wall built without
CUMBERLAND Dub,
G.
pond or
a small
to
c.
Dub-a-cock,
comb and
clip
-wattles
'Kick up a
pool. off
c.
preparatory
dubious
;
in some
doubt.
a large Dubler, c., Dibler, earthenware dish. 07. a double*r.
sized one.
Dud,
G. did.
K. a ragged fellow.
Duddy fuddiel, Dudn't,
did not.
G.
'
' Bits o' duds the scanty wardrobe of indigence. Dud ta? G. didst thou?
Duds,
Duffy,
G. clotbes.
c.
spongy
;
soft
and woolly ;
finest dust.
Dulbert,
c.
male sex ;
a dull person of the a dunce.
and E. formerly a dumb person was believed to N.
Dumbwife, ;
have a knowledge of futurity, and hence fortune-tellers were called dumb-wives.
Dummel
ta, Dis ta, G. dost thou; thou does. Thou behaves badly, '
dus
'at
ta.'
Dust his jacket, c. thrash him. Duv, c., Div, w. and E. do. Used in chiefly in asking questions the I?'
first
person singular, as
'
Duv
to turn c. to wither; yellow with decay. Dwam, c., N. swoon. Rarely used. Dwine, Dwinnel, G. to wither
Dwalla,
(Dunned, slowly; to dwindle. also For-dwined, vanished away. Verstegan.)
Dyke,
c.,
A.S.
Dyster, E,
c.
s.w.,
N. a hedge.
Deyke,
die.
G.
a dyer.
the eye,
I.
'Wa Jwohn, what
mannishment's
tis,
At
tou's
hizzy
gawn
to dee for a
!
this torrable fiss,
An' aVs cum't to advise theo
head.
at is ee'
Dump, c. to butt with Dumpty, Dumpy, c.
Dumpy
short
and
Putty cow,
cow,
Bunsan
c.,
COW,"N. a cow given to
attack people.
Dunder heed, Dunnecan,
G. a
Origin-
ally a fixed raft was used instead of a seat-board.
Dunsh, Dump, Nub, Nudge, to butt with
Durdum,
G.
elbow or knee.
G. disturbance.
Durtment,
G.
anything valueles
or despicable.
Dust, one of the provincial terms denoting money. G.
uproar, disturbance
Lonsdale's Poems.
'He'll rin or feyt E, s.w. in. iwer a yan e' aa Cummerlan.'
Earan,
G. errand.
Ear
brig, G. the bar across the hind end of a cart.
Ear
blockhead.
a privy.
E.
Mark
the head.
thick.
Dust,
a
Dus
Aw hard o' a block-
s.w.
heead,
Scand.
dust.'
tumult.
the
to fighting.
Dubersom',
29
GLOSSATIY.
fat,
Near
fat, c. the fat sur-
rounding the kidneys. Easter-mun-jiands, c., Wasterledges, N. and E. the Polygonum listorta plant, a common ingredient in herb puddings. Eb'm, G. 'a bad eb'm' one of
bad character or habits. even G.
Eb'm endways,
end-
wise, continuous, without inHe mendi't eb'm terruption. '
endways'
Eb'm
fornenst,
Eb'm
anenst, o.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
30 '
It's directly opposite. nenst yon oald smiddy.'
Eb'n down thump, and
eVmfor-
c.
honestly
Eck
berry, Egg berry, berry, N. and E. the bird cherry
Pr units padus.
evening twilight.
after.
Efter
min
't
a person
who
'
c. fuel.
Eysh, s.w. the
Esp,
c.
the aspen-tree
ash-tree.
Alnus
esp leaf.'
At,
gluti-
s.w.
c.,
Ts
G. to set
'
gittan mair
It's a girt '
upright. river
The
end of
End him Ehen
is
pronounced end.
End lang, c. without interruption. End nor side, G. something so very puzzling 'he could nowder
mak end nor side on't.' End on, c. right away. End whol, c. the ventilating
et
;
to
aim ; to
Eustat', s.w. Easthwaite in NeThwaite is thus therwastdale. shortened in some instances, but not in all.
Ex, s.w. ask. to
c.
'I ex-
suppose.
pect it's reet.'
ex't.'
End, G. part. a year sen.'
'Gang
in the 18th century.
Ettle, N. to intend earn.
Expect,
Elson, G. a shoemaker's awl. En', N. end.
to.
Nearly obsolete, but
nosa.
s.w. than.
Populus trimmert like an
He
'
tremulus.
common
sites vulgaris.
up, lads.'
pitchfork or
c.,
thresh.'
Fire eldin.'
Ellar, G. the alder
End,
a
Esh,
Et,
Eldin', K. and E. the butter bur as used in lighting fires Peta-
en I
ur ye to-
iron.
urges
Elba' grease, G. hard rubbing; using hands and elbows.
En,
Hoo
c. are.
Er, Ur, day?'
Est, N. nest.
others to quarrel and fight. Eg on, c. to urge; encourage.
Eldin',
peyp's langer
on't.'
or actions. c.
'Mey
fork, N.E. iron fork.
Efter a bit, G. after a while. Efter fetches, c. after thoughts Egbattle,
Er, N.W. nor.
Ern
G. eyes.
hod
Onny, N.
' This c. every way. enny way as good as that.'
is
Ern, N.E.
Eeb'nin', Ib'nin', G. evening.
an' git
s.w.,
er theyn.'
Edder, Ether, K. the adder. Edge o' dark, Edge o' t' ib'nin,
Efter, G.
Anny,
c.,
Enny way, Heck-
c.
Een,
Enny, any.
truly.
Eb'n, E'bn, G. even.
C.
in the peak of a barn or other building.
G. yes, aye.
Ey,
Ey
an'
Eye be
sare, G. seen.
Ezins, G. eaves.
*
Fadder,
c., s.w., Fayther, father. 'And carf before his at the table.' Chaucer. fader c., s.w. a child having features resembling those of its father; '/adders it sel,' and is ' t' fodder's oan barn.'
Fadder,
Fadge, hole
N. right away. a blemish that may
away,
c.
a slow
te-fadge, like
t'
trot.
'
Fadge-
market-trot.'
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Faff,
Faugh,
c. Faffle, fallow.
K. fallow.
to
imperfect
trifle;
Fafflement, Fiffle-fafflement, c. trifling and unnecessary work.
Fag,
G.
fatigue;
'He was
to
hang back.
eairfag't.'
end, G. the worthless mains the last.
Fag
a term of opprobrium. An oald faggot I ' Faikins, Faix, c. a kind of oath. o.
'
Fail, a. to be unsuccessful in business ; to die.
Fain,
G. glad, anxious, eager.
Fair, G. positive. sham.'
'It's
a fair
c. a boyish attempt to extort gifts from people returning from the fair by obstructing the road with a rope or brushwood.
Fairday dyke,
'
This
presents. '
It's fairly Fairly, G. positively. good ta nought.' Fairy rings, G. the dark green rings observable in grass lands caused by fungi enlarging the These were circle year by year. formerly believed to be the danc-
ing rings of
fairies.
Fal-lals, Falderment, c. trumpery ornaments of dress, &c.
rags hanging about a the dress of an untidy
c.
dress;
woman.
Famish,
G.
like, c. untidy.
famous, notable.
Fancical, G. abounding infancies; subject to change.
;
by
far.
G. further.
Fardin', G. farthing. Farlies, c., N., E. wonders.
Farmaticles,
Fanticles, Farn-
c.,
and E. freckles on the face, &c. Far tha weel, c., Fares ta weel, N. and E. fare-the-well farewell. ticles, s.w., N.
;
'
Fares
to weel,
Watty
!
tou's
a
wag amang t'
lasses, an' I'll see
tha na mair.'
Anderson.
Fash,
G. trouble
inconvenience.
;
Fashy, Fashions, noying through
become anintoxication ;
G.
troublesome.
Fasten eve, E.G., Shrove Tuesday evening or the eve of the feast before Lent.
At Fasten eVn neet Ceuks find cannel
leet.'
After this night the cooking is to be done by daylight for the season, or the cooks must provide candles.
Fat's in t' has begun fat
fire, G. the mischief all is in a blaze as if ;
were thrown on the
fire.
an exclamation of
N.
Faugh!
contemptuous dissent. Fause, E. and N. cunning,
sly,
artful, false.
Faver,
c.,
fawer,
resemblance.
'
He
s.w.
family
favvers his
fadder.'
Faver,
Fallopy, Fally
by much
G.
far away better ner
that.'
'
Fairish, G. tolerably good.
s.w.,
eye-teeth.
is
Farder,
Fairin's, a. sweets, &c., bought at or brought from a fair for
Fallops,
c.
Far away,
re-
;
Faggot,
Fand, Fund, c., Fawwnd, Fan, Fun, N. found. Fangs,
Faffle, E. a spring fallow for a barley crop.
31
c.,
Fearful,
N. Feeaver, s.w. fever.
c., s.w., '
traordinary.
Fearfo', K. exThey're fearfo'
kind.'
Feass,
G.
face,
assurance.
hez a fedsa for ought.'
'He
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Feasst cards, o. court cards. Feck, N. the main part. feck
o' t'
Feull, 'T'
wark's deun.' a.
Feckless,
unsubstan-
feeble,
tial.
provender for
cattle.
c.
Feed,
G. to fatten for slaughter.
c. to be uneasy or anxious. 'In afeek.' Feel, N. smooth.
Feek,
'
c. fig.
He
duzzent care a
fff-
Fell an, N. and E. one able to fight his way. Fell-fo, G. the field-fare. Fell heed, c. the top of a mountain not distinguished by a pike. Fell in wid,
c.,
s.w.
met with by
chance.
the plant Im-
c.
peratoria Ostruthium.
Fellon wood,
anum
Feutloth,
break of day.
E.
one-eighth of a stone
E.
the plant Sol-
c.
dalcamara.
common G.
or
fell.
felled;
thrown or cut
down.
Fend,
c.
Feutt,
Fooat,
'He went
speed, pace. a parlish feiitt ower
Feutt bo,
the
c.
Many
ball.
set apart a
N.
Fit,
s.w.,
foot,
f moor.'
game
of
foot-
parishes formerly
day annually
for this
sport; and at Lamplugh it was held in the afternoon of Easter Sunday It is still (1877) keenly contested at Workington on !
Easter Tuesday on the banks of, and not unfrequently in the river
Derwent.
Few,
G.
a
number
or quantity un-
'A. girt few.'
defined.
'A
laal
G. to
make a
be able to provide or 'Sam's a
livelihood. gay fendy laal body.' '
;
criminating. Fess, Fest, c. to send out cattle, &c., to other farms to be grazed. ' Fetch that Fetch, G. to bring. chair this way.' 'That was a Fetch, a dodge. it
dud
n't help
him.'
Fettle, G. to
,
few
s.w.
pronounced
Fewsom',
G.
Fusom', becoming.
Feyt,
c., s.w.,
Feght, N.
G.
fight.
the
c.
Fic-fac, Fig-fag, tendon.
Fidgetty,
shapely,
neck
uneasy, impatient.
Field keall,*c. wild mustard Sinapis arvensis.
' How Fend, G. used as a salute. how fare you ? fend ye ? Fendan' an' preuvvan', G. defending and proving arguing and debating; criminating and re-
queer fetch, bit
Fewe
fay-oo, quickly.
Fell yat, G. the gate opening to Felt,
Feur day,
few.'
Fellon grass,
the
Fooal, s.w.
E.,
weight.
Feed,
Feg,
and
N.,
c.,
fool.
fit; put in order, condition. 'What fettle's thy faddor in to-day ? '
Figsue,
and
a posset of bread,
E.
figs,
ale.
Filly fair, c. Palm Sunday was long held as a day of recreation for young people at Arlecdon, after the children of the parish had repeated the catechism in the church, and is called Filly fair day. Latterly the custom has gone out of use.
Filthment,
G. dirt
ferior or racters.
;
anything inlow cha-
offensive
;
Fin, N. find.
Finnd,
G.
find
short, as in hint.
pronounced
33
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Fine,
c., s.w., Feyne, an unmeaning term
ison
and N.W. compar-
'a fine girt an.'
as,
;
N. of
'
A
fine laal an.'
Finely,
c.,
and
finely,
Fire edge,
G.
or animal.
nag
till
t'
s.w. healthy. fadder's finely an'
gallop't
fire edge
Fire fang't, Fire house,
was
Ms
laal
5
off.
the dwelling in to the out-
buildings. E.
having a burnt
smell or flavour. to
trifle
and appear
c.
Flap,
earnest.
Flap, E. a hoyden; to wander She's just without a purpose. flapparf up and down an' o' about nought.'
Fish belly,
c. the Cnicus heterophyllus plant. The underside of the leaf is white, and turns up in the wind.
G. disposed. 'They feyt about her.'
war
fit to
Fit, N. foot, fought.
Fitches is Fitch, G. the vetch. the spelling in old copies of the Bible Isaiah xxviii. 25.
E.
a careless and un-
tidy person. c.
Flapper't, ened.
nervous,
fright-
G. to frighten.
Flay,
busy.
Fit,
did fling ; having flung. a blow scarcely in
G.
Flap-daniel,
Fire smatch't, c.
a flan dish.'
'
contradistinction
Firtle,
flattery ;
Flan, c., N. flat, shallow. 'They gave us fryt eggs and collops in
Flang,
G. over-heated. G.
blarney
o'.'
energy of person
He
'
Ts
equivalent to falsehood told jestingly.
G.
Flam,
Flay-crow,
c.,
Flayscarl,
E.
a
scarecrow.
Flaysom', G. frightful. Flay speadd, G. a spade for paring turf with.
Flayt,
G. frightened.
Flaytly,
G. timidly.
G. to flay
Fleaa, the skin
;
to peel or take
off.
;
Flear, Flenr, G., Fleer, N. floor.
Fiz, G. a hissing noise. c. to punish ; to give pain to put in a fix.
Fizzer, to
;
Fizzle,
work busily but
to
c.
ineffectively.
Flail, c. to hit; to beat with a down stroke.
Flail cappin',
the leather attached to the upper end of the flail soople. See Soople. Flail hingin', G. the thong conG.
necting the parts of the Flailin', G. a beating.
Flaitch,
Flakker,
c.
to flatter
c. to
a child does
Flaks, peats.
N.
;
;
flail.
a flatterer.
laugh heartily as to flapper.
turf.
See Toppin
Finer,
Fleck't, G. marked spots or blotches.
s.w.,
with large
Flecky flocker, K. the chaffinch. Flee blown, G. maggots newly deposited.
Fleece woo', c. shorn wool as distinct from pulled or skin wool. To fleece wool is to wind the
fleece.
Fleek, Fleke, E., Flake, c. a barred water-heck. Meek also means a frame horizontally suspended from the ceiling joists, on which flitches of bacon, &c., are laid to dry. [Note by Mr. Wm. Hodgson of Aspatria. In Anderson's well-known ballad where the lines occur 3
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY-
34 '
Stagg the
Blin'
The bacon flick
Flother, N. a miry bog. Flowe, c., N. wild; bleak and Our filly's varra flowe cold. If s flowe weather.' yet.' Flowe, N.w. an extensive and un-
gat a whack, on his back,'
fidler fell
I imagine the word refers to the frame rather than to the flick or flitch, there being a strong distinction in the pronunciation where both words are in com-
mon
'
'
'
'
sheltered peat bog, as
use.]
Fleet,
c.,
8.w.,
Fleght, Flit, N.
flight.
fluet
Fleet,
the lot;
c.
whole
the '
ower f
Thou's
and
loose. o. flattering
Flummery, Flummox,
Fleetin' dish, c. a creaming-dish or skimming-dish.
lug.'
Fuffy, N. very light
c.
Fluffy,
number or quantity. cap't f heall/erf o' them.'
the flounder or flukeFleukk, the living vermin in a disfish eased sheep's liver. Fleuss, E. a loose heap of straw ;
c.
o. ridiculous talk.
An unhooped walking-
stick is said to be fleuz't
end
is
fringed
by usage
when the bruised.
;
to laugh heartily; to laugh and talk loudly. Brockett to laugh, or rather to have says a countenance expressive of laughter, without laughing out.' Shakspere's fleer. Love's Labour Lost, Act v., sc. 2, 1. 109 ; and in three other places. G.
Fliar,
'
Flick,
c., s.w.,
Flinders,
c. '
Fleek, N.
flitch.
fragments; broken thou does n't be knock tha o' to
If 111
pieces.
whyat flinders.'
Flinsh,
c.
the finch.
Flipe, c., s.w. the
rim of a hat.
Flit, c. Fleet, y. to remove, and ' especially when in debt They
meiidd a moonleet
flit
on
Flodder, Flodderment, half-dissolved snow.
froth
;
feat.
G. to
knock down
'
He was
deceived,
;
defeated.
fairly flung.'
Flyte, N. to jeer
Fo', G.
;
scold. ;
a turn
Fo' o' wood, G. the wood cut in one season.
fall.
extent of
Foald, c., Faald, s.w., Fole, Faal, N. fold. Foaldin' bit, c. a triangular piece cut from the edge of a sheep's ear as a mark of ownery. Fo-en, c., Faan, s.w., N. fallen, slaked. c. the skin of a domestic animal dying of disease or accident.
Fo-en skin,
Fo-en woo', Skin woo', o. wool pulled from the skins of sheep dying of rot or disease, and is said to be more subject to be worm-eaten than clipped wool when worked into yarn or cloth. Fog, G. aftermath.
Foggy,
c.
spongy.
Foisty,
G.
Foll'et, G.
Floff, c. the lightest of chaff.
Floor,
to put
Foil, c. to defile.
't.'
c.
G.
Flung,
Fo', c., Faa, s.w., N. fall or bout of wrestling.
or hay, &c.
Fleuzz.
verbiage.
to defeat; hors de combat. c.
G.
Fleuterment,
Solway
flowe, Wedholme flowe, Bowness flowe, &c. 'Hit him a Fluet, c. a stroke.
to de-
Followers,
having a musty scent. foUowed. G. store cattle or
sheep
which follow the fatting stock in turnips.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Followers, G. a breeding mare pony has sometimes two or more of her offspring with her on the mountains, and these are called her followers.
Font,
G.
the polo-cat or foul-
mart.
Foond, '
intend.
to
c.
purpose ; Tfoondto build a house.' Nearly
obsolete. c.
Foorberin,
front
Foor-elders, Fwore-elders, Fore-bears, N. ancestors.
G.,
be-
G.
forehand.
Foormest, Fworemest,
fore-
G.
most.
Foorseet, G. foresight. Foorsett, G. to anticipate; to waylay.
Foorstart, G. to start before the rest. c.,
s.w. bulky,
Fawwthy,
hospitable;
For-nenst, c., N. opTheir house is eb'n posite to. for-nent ours.'
For-nent,
'
and
N.
E.
G.
o',
kind,
Forrat, ward.
Forrad, s.w.
w.
c.,
For-ther, N. farther, further forward or promote.
for-
;
to
directs when the cattle, &c., are to be driven forth.
Forth-neet, c., w.w. an annual merry-making. When flax-spinning by the line (or lint) wheel was in use, the young women would assemble in half-dozens at their neighbours' houses with their wheels, and spend the evening in spinning and singing till bed time, when, frequently their sweethearts would be in attendance to conduct them home. This custom was called gangan '
See Murryneet. forth.' Fospel whol, c. the impression of a horse', or other feet on soft ground.
liberal.
Fo' out, G. to quarrel.
For, G. going. ' for to-day P
For bye,
N.
Foter, Forter,
'Whoar I's
is
ta
for Whitten.
'
over and
besides;
N. to
to forward
c.
off the
awns.
Fo' through,
to assist
;
For-gat, For-git,
G. forgot,
for-
get.
For-iwer, G. very much or Theer was for-ivver o' many. fwok at t' fair.'
a project
through.
See Beutt stockings.
hospitable; free in giving; ample. Fowt, N. a fondling or foundling. Brockett says, an indulged or
Fouthy,
to promote.
When
c.
fails it is said to fall
Fots, N. ;
Fotter, Fatter, barley; to break
c.,
hummel
above.
Forder,
notwith-
although,
standing.
c., N. the person in charge of a stinted pasture, who
of the house.
Foor-hand, Fwore-hand,
t'
Forthman,
fore-warning.
Foor door, c. front door. Foor doors, c. the yard in
Foothy,
cokers and girt heedit nails at
boddam.'
For
E. silly.
Foomart,
35
G.
spoiled child
'
Fox
feet,
c.
;
any foolish person. the Lycopodium
selago plant.
Formable, c. properly arranged in due form.
Formel,
c. to formelt a par
bespeak. o'
shun
;
'He
wi' steel
Fozzy,
c.,
Fuzzy,
E.
soft as a
frosted turnip.
Frain't, G. small spots.
marked with very
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
36
c. to snap the finger and thumb; the noise of a sudden
Frap,
crack or report.
'He aye
quarrel.
thooms
a noisy snapt his
to quarrel;
G.
Fratch,
for a bit of
a
fratch.'
Anderson.
Fray,
c., s.w., N. from.
Frev, Freh, Fray,
Fred, s.w. freed
;
cleared out.
'
Tafree to
under no promise.
sell
my horse to
any-
body.'
tenure.
Fremd,
s.w., Hand, E. strange. I do not remember hearing the term in central Cumberland.
W. D. c., Freysh, s.w. partly intoxicated the flood of a river as it flows to the sea.
Fresh,
;
Fresh weather, c., s.w.,
IT.
thaw weather.
Freet, y. to grieve
;
to tear.
Froff,
brittle
crumbly.
;
'
s.w. offer.
How does he
'
How offer
I cannot for shame do so or, I cannot begin it. Fuddennent, c. excess of clothing. or seem to do ?
'I can't fu' ;
a
Fatter som', troublesome; annoying.
Fuddersom',
s.w.,
c., '
fill.
FuU
Foo,
drunk ; to
IT.
that cup.'
Full drive, Ding drive, o. in This bargaine is hard earnest. '
Chaucer.
full drive'
'
Freelidge, G. the freehold privileges belonging to the burgage
Fret,
Fu, c., Fewe, does he fu ?
Full,
Free, c., s.w. to keep untouched, to take all the cattle, &c., from a grass field;
Frnsh, w. very
c.,
Frosk,
Frough,
N.
easily
'
broken. c.
Froff as a carrot.' the frog (nearly ob-
solete).
Frostit,
G.
spoiled
by
frost;
That's c. ample large. a/w#eymeaddgown,Tibby.' 'Ey
Fulley,
leukk it's f fashion to broad now, thou.' Fullins, G. small stones to fill the inside of a wall with refuse barn,
;
material.
Fununel, &. a blundering attempt; fumble. Fummellan' feast, c., Mafflan feast, E. When a married couple are dilatory in producing issue, a few sly neighbours assemble, unbidden, at the house of the barren pair and invite themselves to tea and make merry, and to wish better success.
Funk,
Frowe, o. a fat and morose woman. Frozen out, c. In a long-continued frost the surface of the
ground
becomes dry and the roads dusty, and the moisture is then said to be frozen
out.
Frnggam, man.
c.
to
become frightened or
Fur
c., E.,
Foor, s.w. furrow.
apples, G. fir-cones. G. a long stool ; form.
Funn, Furst first
the person
TS.
feutt,
enters the house on
Year's day. Fuss, G. bustle
;
parade
;
who
New mock
business.
K. to brush past against in a rude manner.
Frudge,
c.
cowardly.
Fur,
frosted.
;
or
a dirty, lazy wo-
Fuz
bo',
Fiz
bo', G.
fungus, Lycoperdon
Fuzzen,
G.
strength
the puff-ball bovista.
pungency
;
;
briskness.
Fmmmety, boiled
c. barley or wheat and mixed with milk.
Fuzzenless,
G.
strength or
insipid '
spirit.
;
wanting ta nut
Dud
,
37
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. '
give her a kiss
'
? Nea, kisses nobbet fuzzenless things.' Fwoal feet, c., Clatter clogs, E.
is
the
coltsfoot
plant,
Tussilago
farfara. '
'
'
fwok and man '
'
body.'
c., s.w., Gan, is nearly N. go. It was chiefly used as obsolete. an invitation. ' Come, lads, an' gowa to t' reasses.' Gowa is the
Gowa
Gowe,
old English go we, i. e. let us go as used, e. g. in Piers the Plow;
man. Gaan, Gangan, G. going. Gab, Gob, G. the mouth; idle talk. Gabble, G. to talk quickly and not wisely. c. governor; master. Introduced with the railways.
Gain, N. Bain.
near.
handy;
See
c.
braces; suspenders.
Galloway, G. a stout pony or cob. Gaily balk, K. the beam on which the chimney crook hangs. abundance.
Galore, Galoor, Gam, N.W. a game at cards. c.
Gamashers,
'
fetch watter.'
lame
Gap
Gap Gar,
G.,
Gan,
time,
living, a
G. to
and
a course of free
busy time. on,
G.
rails.
by gap '
compel.
A'll
gar tha
gang-'
Garn,
Gairn, Yern, N.
s.w.,
c.,
yarn.
Garn winnels, wooden Garrak,
c.,
Swifts, G. a
from which yarn
cross
is
off.
awkward.
c.
'As gar-
rak as a unbrokken cowt.'
Garron,
c.
N.
a
tall
and awkward
anything high
or
tall and.
ungainly. Garth, G. a small enclosure near the house, as the Calf-garth,
Hemp-garth, Stack-^arfA, Applegarth, &c.
Gat,
G. got.
Gatin's, G. sheaves of corn set
up
G.
a male or castrated pig. c.
an allotment of by
fence liable to be maintained
N. go.
c.
round poles let wooden posts in
stead, G. the entrance to a
field closed
Gavel-dyke,
Garnish, G. the flavour of meat, &c., too long kept. (a as in game, not as in famish.) tall
G.
rails,
into stone or place of gates.
Gaut,
leg.
Gammel, G. gamble. Gammerstang, G. a awkward person.
a clumsy stool for
G.
Gantree,
singly to dry.
E. gaiters.
leg, G. a
Gangin's
G.
horse.
Gallas, G. a person of evil conduct; gallows.
Gangan
on
a tramp, a vagabond. Gang thy ways, c. This merely go,' and is becoming signifies obsolete. Gang thy ways and Gangrel,
wound
Gaffer,
Gang,
fine gangin's
weddinV
t'
resting ale-casks upon.
Ga, Gang, Gowa,
Game
Ey, theer was
'
Fwok, G. folk. The men say woman fwok and woman The women say 'men body.'
Gallases,
'
at
a farm not adjoining to it. Alof are lotments gavel-dyke mostly against commons, and the origin seems to have been for relieving the farms next the commons from a part of the pressure and trespass occasioned
by sheep newly turned upon the commons. N. a staring idiotical person; awkward; ungainly.
Gawky, proceedings.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
38
and
N. a noisy
Gawvison,
person. (Asimpleton.
Gay,
foolish
Brockett.)
G.
augmentative gay fine day.' ' I's Gayly, G. to be in health. ' ? thou How's gayly.
Gayly,
A
'
terms.
N. an emaciated person, one reduced almost to a skeleton.
Gayshen,
(A
silly-looking person.
Stagg.)
Gaz, Gangs, c., s.w., Gans, N. He gdz out iv'ry day goes. '
now.'
Gaz,
He
'
Gez, s.w. goes. feet breadd
wid his
side
furst.'
c.
Geaa, '
Hoo
a hunting
go
term.
geda hark to Towler
' !
to ache with cold. To grieve or pain formerly. Geann wid it, G. in the way of Geiill, c.
recovery.
Geapp,
G.
Geatt,
G.
gape
;
gate,
'
way.
Git out
to
gedtt !
o'
get along
Geavlock,
yawn.
path,
'
foot-trod,
my geatt.'
'
Ta
c., Geavlick, N.
an iron
'
Ge me
Ge,* Gee,*
G.
give.
that.' t'
gee
he
G.
wealth; cart and plough-
harness.
He
memory. Geld grand, signifying minerals.
c. a mining term ground devoid of
Gentle and semple,
c.
upper and
lower classes of society. Geuss,
c.,
E.,
jr.,
Geuss beuk,
s.w.
Gooas,
talk't
about
car
geer
an'
middins An' t' reet way to mannish a farm.' Anderson. a small tub having a Geggin, See long stave for a handle. c.
Hanny. Geggles,
G.
less horse
'
E.
wherein
is re-
corded the foot and other marks of each flock of geese kept in the parish of Kirkland, whereby each may be identified in case of being mixed with other flocks, or of straying.' G. a bow hung round a goose's neck to prevent it creeping through hedges. Geuss flesh, G. a roughened state of the skin occasioned by a chill.
Geuss bow,
grass, Cleavers, c. plant Galium Aparine. Gev, o., s.w., Geh,' N. gave. geh sek a shout
the *
He
!
Gedder,
Gether,
G.
gather. Gif, Gin, K.
'He's Ge'en,* Gin,* G. given. he is disposed to it. ge?en tul't'
'
many
Gidder, '
'
He's teaun has taken offence. c.
Geer,*
and nearly ex-
Oeggle alleys existed in villages within living
tinct.
Geuss
!
crowbar.
Gee,*
game something
like nine-pins
goose.
c., N.,
gez
a
E.
Geggles,
Gifts,
G.
if.
white specks on the
finger-nails said to indicate certain events in life.
Gildert, c. a number of snares attached to a hoop for catching small birds on the snow. Gill,
Ghyll,
G.
a ravine.
Gilt, Opengilt, c., s.w., a young sow intended for breeding purposes.
a giddy
which
girl ; carries
and unsteady head. *
G
hard.
a carea high
Gimlek,
c.,
Gimlik, s.w.,Gemlek,
N. gimlet. G. a female sheep not exceeding two years old.
Gimmer,
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Gimmer
clout, c. cloth sewed on the ewe to prevent procreation.
Gin, N.
Gin
'
if.
gan
ye'll
I'll
gan.'
Glad, o., s.w., Gleg, N. working smoothly. Glaz't, c. varnished with dirt.
now a scarce G. a kite, but formerly common. Glee, c., N., Sken, s.w. to squint.
Glead, the
o.
Ginners,
gills of fish.
bird,
Girdle, Gurdle, N. a circular ., iron baking-plate.
Gleg, Gleb, K. sharp, He's gleg at that job.'
quick.
'
Girn, Girse, '
Gurn,
c., s.w.,
s.w.
c.,
Theer laal
field
t'
N. grin.
Gurse, N. grass. our girsin'
girse in
year.'
Greet, c., Greeat, s.w., Gurt, Greet, N. great, friendly. Girt bees, c. drone bees.
Girt,
Girt goods, c. the larger domestic animals cattle and horses. ;
Girtin's, N. girthings.
Giss!
G.
Gissy!
notes for
call
Giss nor sty, c. "When a person ' does not speak or answer, people He nowder says giss nor say, '
1
sty.
Gi' tha, Gi' the
't,
'
They're
it,
't,
give
it
G.
to
them.
Git
thou
it, o. 'thou'll git it,' wilt get punished, &c. '
Git'n, G. got, gotten. his crowdy.'
Gittan, G. getting. his crowdy.'
Give mouth,
'
Glime,
Gleym, N. to look Olyman out at' end
c.,
'
sidewise. of his e.'
a glance in the suna flash of reflected light. 'It'll rain afoor neet, it's seah glisky this mwornin'.' c.
Glisk,
Glop,
;
s.w.,
o.,
to stare
;
to look
He's gittan
speak out ; to a hunting phrase.
Gee's,
s.w.,
N.
gives;
give us.
Gizzern,
G.
gloomy
gloom,
;
to
frown.
Goam,
N. to regard or take care is the A.S. g&man, to
Goam
take care of. Still preserved in the word gumption, i. e. sense.
Gob, Gab,
G.
the
mouth;
idle
talk.
Go bon
!
c.
a sort of oath.
Gobstick, N. a wooden spoon. Gocks dillies G. an exclamation !
c.,
sticks
remembers feelings.
Glower, Glwore, c., s.w., Gloor, Glower, N. to stare. Glowt, s.w. a clumsy fellow. See Loot.
of.
ye?' c.,
See Blinders.
Glump't, N. gloomed, sulked. '
G. to
give tongue
Gloppers, s.w.
Glum,
He's git'n
Give ower, G. leave off. 'Is 't gaan to give ower sno'an think
It
Whiff, G. a transient view. I just gat a gliff on't.'
Gliff,
Glore, N. soft dirt.
Gi 'them
give thee, give thee
'
c.,
wildly.
Git, G. get ; offspring. o' his oau git.'
Giz,
looking earnestly. ' GreaGlint, N. glance. hondes thorowe the greves glent? Chevy Chase, old ed.
Glent,
light
swine.
c.
Glenderan',
Gizzin,
N. gizzard.
in his yizzern,' it
he with unpleasant
of gladness. Goddy, N. a sponsor. c. a within the door.
Godspeed,
wooden
screen
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
40 (Joe, E. a field.
weak spring in an arable See Held.
Goff, c., s.w., Guff, N. a fool.
Gok sonn! an
exclamation of
c., ~s.
Gorlin',
an unfledged
As neakkt as a gorlin'.' Gormow, N. a clownish
bird.
'
fellow ; a great
sometimes applied to eater.
surprise.
Goller, c., w., to shout; to or talk loudly.
bark
a deep gully Gollick, Gullock, or ravine ; a deep cut or slash. E.
Gorps.
See Bare Gorps.
Gorrish,
c. gross
over-luxuriant.
;
Gowan. See Oppen gowan and Lockin gowan. Gowd i' gowGowd, N. gold. '
Gonunarel,
an awkward and
yr.
pins,'
silly person.
Gone back,
declined in health
c.
Gone bye his
sel,
gone de-
c.
Gone wid
;
having accom-
c.
it,
it
plished
recovered.
sel' on't,
for he'll git
an', G.
'
He
set to
wark
like
with spirit; ener-
an','
an'
for good an' o'.' for yan, good for another, G. applicable to all alike.
gone
Goodish, G. goodly. swort of a fellow.' Goodlike, some.
G.
A
'
goodish
fluid.
'
;
Watter
Goyster, Royster, c., -s. to bully. He's a girt goysteran' feull.'
;
hand-
good for nothing;
good
for
anything.
A man may
:
be bare, If his wife be good to nought.' Cumb. Rhyme. still
Gatfwn,
Gope, c. to gopan geuss
!
Graidly,
s.w.
proper,
good.
Seldom heard in Cumberland.
Fork
Grains, G. prongs. Otter grains, &c.
grains,
s.w.
Graith, N. wealth
Granky,
E.
'Nobbet Cranky.
;
horse-gear.
unwell, complaining. See varry granky.'
Grapple, c. to catch in a brook.
fish
by hand
Grassom,
But man may spare
c., N.,
to lay
G. a manorial rent in lieu of fines.
spend
And God will send, If his wife be good to ought And
c. to snatch at ; hold of quickly ; grasp.
Grain't, G. forked; divided.
good-looking
Good man, G. the husband. Good to nought, Good to ought,
him.'
the
burst out suddenly
gush of
Grab, 'He's
G. entirely.
o',
Good
Goon,
or
Gowpin, G. a handful; two hands full.
com' gowzan' out.'
getically.
'
to
;
'
a good
c.
the howl of a dog
na
niair.'
Good
G.
He may Gowze, c. to a rush or
'
congratulate.
good his
Good
Gowl, weep.
ranged.
c.
;
the core.
or substance.
Good,
Gowk,
gold in handfuls. c. the cuckoo ; a fool
gown.
shout. 'A girt thou's hev nin on
Grat, Gret, N. wept.
Grater feasst, c. much marked with small pox. Grave, Greayv, c., s.w. Grave, N. to dig with a spade. Gray beard, Gray feass, c., Gray hen, N. a grey stone bottle. Grayseiinn,
c.
Graysouthen
vil-
41
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. lage and township Crakesothen.
Gray yoads, of
circle
Greyp, Greapp, N., c., Muckfork, s.w. a dung-fork.
anciently
Gripe,
grey mares a near Cum-
G.
Grissle,
stones
whinton.
jroats, G. shelled oats.
This has probably originated from Grsehame.
Greamm,
Graham.
G.
Greean,
s.w.,
Grane,
Greapp, c., Greeap, Greapp, N. grope
s.w.,
Grape,
Greann,
c.,
;
morose
Graith't, apparelled, accoutred.
Greath't,
dressed,
linnet.
Greunn,
c.
;
to deplore.
to mortify the
c.
projecting upper
snout;
a
lip.
Greupp, c., Greeap, s.w., Groop Grup, N. the space behind the cows in stalls. Anciently a sink a privy.
Greuvvs,
G.
a
hut on a
c., Grend, s.w., Grun, Grin, N. ground, grind. Grundswaith, Booin, c., Agreen, N.E., Muggert, E. the ragwort
plant, Senecio Jucobcea.
Grundwark,
foundation of a
G.
wall ; the groundwork.
Grunstan',
G. grindstone.
c. a crevice or ravine in the side of a fell or
Gryke, Cryke,
Gull, c. the corn marigold Chrysanthemum segetum. messes given to sick
E.
Gulls,
gruel prepared for calves. Gully, c., s.w. a butcher's knife ; a large knife used for slicing a hollow or bread and cheese cattle
;
;
from whenc have been dug.
Gumption, Gutlin',
lymin. Grimy, c., Greymy,
Gwordy,
N. sooty begrimed. Grip, c. a narrow and shallow
c.
hills.
spirit,
wit, sense,
shrewdness.
Grimin', c., Greymin', N. a thii Se< covering of snow, &c.
gutter.
complainbe so.
Grund,
slack between
G. places
coal, slate, &c.,
c.
ing, ailing or believing to
hill
a swine's
Greiivv house, coal-pit bank.
dug with the spade. E. and N.E. a cold
G.
Groo,
state of the atmosphere.
fork shafts, swill wood, besoms, snow-poles, fell-poles, pea-sticks, &c. Greeny, c. the green-finch or
Greg, Grype, mind.
Gru,
Grumpy, Grumfy,
Greenhew, a. a payment to lords of manors for the privilege of cutting underwood in the lord's forests for flails, scythe and pitch-
weep
gross;
Srout, G. thin mortar. Grouty, c. rather muddy.
Proven,
Greeaz, s.w. to apply grease.
to
grown;
Jrossers, N.E. gooseberries.
'greean for a horse.'
c., N.
freely
and
fat.
'They're about
'Gree, G. agree.
;
c.
Grosk,
to feel. N.
N. grim ; dark coarse-featured.
Jroosam',
N. groan.
Greet,
Grussle, Grissle, N.
c.,
gristle, cartilage.
Gwol,
c.
a gormandiser. a deep pool.
c.
c., Jordy, N.w.,Gworge, Jordy, N. George.
(g hard), eating greedily ; very anxious.
Gyversom', Gyyerous c.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Hakes,
s.w., N.E. hall.
Haa,
o.
'
doings.
Sek hakes
'
!
such doings.
Hfiak, s.w., N.E. hawk.
Hiiak an' spit, G. to clear the throat and spit out; to expectorate forcibly.
'He c. to stammer. hakkers an' gits nin on wid his
Hakker, talk.'
c. to do forcibly ; to drive the ball to the winning-post.
G. a pickaxe having points about an inch in width a hack-
Hale,
ney horse.
Haler, c. one who works or does anything energetically and efHe is a holer at it.' fectively.
Hack,
;
Haggis, N. a pudding of mincemeat and fruit
Hackin, used
o.,
lately for the
till
family
breakfast on Christmas day.
Chap't, s.w. cracked hands from cold or neglect.
Hack't,
c.,
Hadder,
N. to drizzle
'
small rain.
;
and rains
It haddera
on.'
ett.)
o.
a
woody
place intermixed
with grass land
;
E.
a wooded
hill.
Hag,
hew
o. to
or chop with an
axe. clog, Hag stock, c., clog, N. a chopping-block.
Haggan' at
it, c.
Hag
G.
a coal-hewer.
up-hill
work,
mer-band yoking.
Hammer-bleat, o. Heather-bleat,
Christmas day.
Haggle,
c.
to tease in bargaining to fatigue. ;
;
overwork
Haggle, N.
Hagwonn,
c.
See Hassel. a snake.
Hain, N. to preserve
In the breeding season the note of the male bird N. the snipe.
in the air.
Ham
sam,
c.
promiscuous ;
all
in
confusion.
Haggis, N.E. a pudding of mincemeat for eating with potatoes on
grass, &c.,
untouched. Hairly, N. hardly, scarcely. to tire; to distress. As applied to land, it indicates exc.
haustion from over-cropping. c. a convivial assembly or dance.
Hake,
K. a lean horse or cow; to butt with the horns or head.
Hake,
c.
constant pull on the shoulders. In old times the horse was yoked to the cart by ropes from the shoulders to iron or willow or hazel rings sliding on the shafts, held by a pin. This was ham-
resembles the bleating of a goat
persevering to
labour.
Hagger,
Hake,
stalls.
the partition within Hallan, the entrance of an old-fashioned farm-house. N.
,
Hag
to
Hallan, two horse or cow
Hammer-band,
Haffets, N. locks of hair on the temples. (The temples. Brock-
Hag,
'
the division between
c.
Hanch,
snap as a dog does
c. to
when it bites suddenly. Han' clont, G. a towel. Hand,
direction. 'He's gone Ireby and that hand.' breed, G. a hand's breadth. G.
to wart
Hand Hand
runnan', G. quickly and continuously ; successively. Handstaff, G. the first half of the flail.
Hand's turn,
G. any sort of hand labour. 'He will n't sot to ya ' hand's turn !
Hangarel.
See Hanniel.
Hangment,
c.
an
devil or
hangman ;
exclamation of surprise. 'What the hanyment 's yon?'
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. '
He'll play the hangment he mil be very severe.
Hank,
fasten with a
c. to
wid ye
'
or
hoop
an evil habit. ' He hes a hank o' gangan out at' neets.' Hankeran', Hanklin', c., N. a
Hank,
c.
'
longing.
He still
hez a hanker-
an' for her.'
Hankisher,
Hankutcher, N.
c.,
handkerchief.
Hankie,
c.
making
feeble use of
Hannel, o. handle ; a large pail. Hanniel, c., Hallion, Hangarel, long hungry-looking fellow.
A girt lang
hannieL'
Hanny, Hannykit, N. a tub having a long handle.
Hansel, G. to use for the first time the price of the first article ;
sold or the first
money
received.
N. a large quantity
Hantel,
number
a
;
of. '
She Hap, o. to cover. V barns at bed-time.'
Hap'm,
Happen,
c.,
Happins, covers
c.
o'
hap't
heeds, s.w. a large kind of trout found in the streams of Esk, Irt, Mite, Bleng, and Calder.
Hard Hard
laid on,
IT.
tell on,
G.
at
random,
c.
the stronger end '
hardy.
He's as hard as
fell teadd.'
c.
turning sour. beer, &c.
Hard, Hurd, Heeard,
Harp
on, G. to often refer to
an
unpleasant subject. c. heriot.
Harrial,
Harrishin', w. violent invasion; harrying. Harrow bulls, G. the ribs of a wooden harrow.
Harry, Herry, N. to Hartsom', G. lively,
rob.
cheerful.
harsh.
Hash,
c.
Hash,
G. a
term seldom used ex'
Settle
Hask,
dry and cold weather; cow hez a
c.
Hassle, Haggle, c., K. to cut with a blunt knife which requires a sawing motion.
Hat,
G.
did
Hath ye
!
and
A
kytle, girls
E.
hit.
Hagh ye N. hark ye Seldom used. !
;
G. the two covering sheaves of a cornstook.
Hat-shavs, Heudds,
G. heard.
jacket, E. a loose
worn by
tell o'
oppressed.
heard of. 'I sec a thing.'
Said of
light jacket worn over the shirt when stripped for work. w. top shirt, commonly of linen.
Harden
G.
trees, G. deciduous trees, not of the fir tribe. Harns, N. brains.
listen.
Harden
much
Your unkindly. hask hide on her.'
carpet- wise.
of a gate.
Hard,
G.
'
woven
Har, Hartree,
a
Hard
his hash.'
haphazard.
c.
'He
industriously.
cept to signify defeat.
happen. thick woollen bed-
Hapshy rapshy,
Hard,
o.
gits his leevin reet hardfully.'
Hardwood
the hands.
'
Hard-faver't, G. coarse-featured.
niwer hard
to entangle.
c.
Hanless,
w. a
attending cattle or in out-door work.
Hardfully,
loop.
43
a loose jacket
when employed
in
Hangh,
N.
vial land
holme land ; flat by the river-side.
Havrel, Hovrel, N. a foolish
allu-
fel-
low.
Hawer, E. oats.
c., s.w.,
Woats,
N.
and
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
44
Havy
skavy,
Hevy
c.,
skevy, N.
all in confusion.
Haw,
fruit of
the hawthorn.
N. hair, hare.
Yarr,
G.,
Heart abeunn,
Haa, s.w. the
r.,
Hearr,
G.
always hoping, He hez a never despairing. sair tue or? t, bit he's heart abeunn '
1
Hawbuck,
a forward and vul-
c.
the gangway leading from the barn or hayloft to the cow-stalls. c.
(heinous), extraordi-
c. '
nary.
'
fine.'
Hayness
Hay-
ness dirty.' G.
Hayster,
to starve.
An
ani-
mal severely pinched by hunger and cold is hayster't. extreme hoarseness.
G.
Hazed, Heaf,
G.
is
mounflock
accustomed to depasture.
Heaf gangan'
(sheep),
wind
c.,
They wrought
Heck, Heck,
o' t'
'bark at
G.
Heall watter, G. an extremely It com down hedll heavy rain.
heck'
A
Heck and
ree, G. ancient terms used in guiding horses to right or left, and now only used in reference to an obstinate person or horse who will nowder heck nor '
ree' G.
Heckles,
hackles
;
the neck
G. heather. G.
Hedder-feass't,
rough-faced,
unshaven. bote, G. the right of getting hedging wood from the property of another. Hee, c., N., Hey, s.w. high.
Hee, c. a call note for a cur dog. Hee Cwolly,' Hee Barfoot,' &c. '
Heeap,
s.w. heap, a good
'
Heeaps
'
o'
many.
things.'
c., N., Heead, s.w. head. Than may he boldly beren up
Heed,
watter'
'
G.
home.
Heamm comin', Heammly,
G.
'
I
hedmm Heedam
homely.
spun,
Chaucer.
his hede.'
G. returning.
whope thou'll heva hearty comin'.'
c.,
s.w. linen or
woollen spun at home ; unpolish' ed. He's a real hedmm spun an.
Heamm
t'
compulsory waiting.
'
Heall, G. whole.
Heamm
a small gate.
Hedge s.w.,
Hefted, N. mountain sheep let along with a farm and depastured on a particular part of the common termed their heaf.
Heamm,
at hearts
day.'
G. a half-door,
Hedder,
the part of the
moor on which any
tain or
'
speed.
feathers of a cock.
G. hid.
Headd, Heudd,
en-
G. a cake baked on the hearth. Heart's wind, c. at the very top
the right of cutting a specified quantity of hay-grass from the property of another.
Hayness,
to
Hearth ceakk,
bote, G.
Haygang,
to comfort,
courage.
disturbance.
G.
bay,
G.
Hearten,
gar young fellow. Hawse, G. a mountain pass. Hay ? G. what did you say 1
Hay Hay
still.
acrossam, c. all in order, like hay and straw.
Heedlin',
dis-
Heeadlin', s.w.
c., N.,
head rig or head land.
Heed
geer,
heed geer
'
c.
he
'
He's gitten his
is
so injured that
he cannot survive. teuny,
E.
place of security.
a stronghold or
Heedstan', o. a memorial stone at the head of a grave.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Heedwark,
c., Heed-yak, Heed-yik, N. headache.
B.W.,
G. heady, intoxicating. This beer's varra heedy'
Hee '
leet day, c. broad daylight.
They drank and sang
leet
Heemest,
hee
to
N.
who
bids fair to deserve
Hen
bokes, G. the attic of a shed where poultry are accustomed to roost.
Hench,
c., s.w., N. the hip.
Hinch, Haineh,
Hen
G. highest.
Heffle, s.w., Hiffle, to be undecided.
Heft, See
till
Old Song.
day.'
one
hanging.
Heedy, '
ter,
45
c.,
Haffle,
prevaricate
;
jr.
heaf
coor, c., w., Hen cawwer, s.w. to cower or sit down as the
hen .
Heaf gangan'.
Heft, G. haft, the handle of a small tool have it.
sits.
Hen
drunks, c. mountain ash
The is
fruit of the reputed to pos-
sess the property of intoxicating fowls.
;
Hefter, c., N., and E. an effective speech or operation, such as driving the dagger up to the haft.
a beating. Brockett gives the following cure for hiccup.
Heftin',
G.
Hekkap,
G. hiccup.
Eepeat '
Hickup, snickup, stand up, straight up; One drop, two drops good for the hiccup.'
Helm wind,
Helpsom',
c.
Hen
scarts, E. a peculiar form of cloud indicating wind.
Hen
shun, c. cloth shoes put on the feet of poultry to prevent them scratching in gardens. c. (y hard), the township and village of Hensingham. Hensigem fortune (one hundred years ago), a pair of pattens
Hensigem,
A
and a white apron.
Hen
Crossfell.
the church door after a wedding. Hent, G. to plough up the bottom
ready and willing
to help.
silver, E.
money begged
at
furrow between ridges.
Herd up, c., s.w. to hoard. Weel may he be rich, for he's been '
a rope to loop round a horse's neck in place of a halter.
Helse,
pen, c. the yellow-rattle Rhinanthus crista galli.
plant
E.
an atmospheric phenomenon prevalent on the west side of
Hen
c.
her dan'
up
o'
his
life.'
Helter for
Herd wicks, c. the mountain sheep
helter.' Among the lowest class of horse-dealers this term denotes an exchange of horses without
of the west of Cumberland. These are reputed to have originated from about forty which swam ashore from a wrecked Norwe-
Helter,
G.
halter.
'
any money passing. Helter skelter, G. hurry and confusion.
Hemp
dub, G. a small pond used for steeping green hemp. Hemplin, c. the red or brown linnet ; a headrig sown with
hemp seed. Hempy, N. a mischievous
gian vessel. possession of
They were taken by the lord of the
manor, and on their increase, being found hardy and suitable for the mountains, were let out in herds or flocks with the farms.
Hereaway,
G.
in this neighbour-
c.,
Herrinsho, N. the
hood. charac-
Herensew,
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
46
' Ne of hir swannos, ne heron. Chaucer. hir heronsewes.'
Herple,
Hurple,
c.,
of this soil
feutt,
c.,
s.w.
'
in a great
Higgelty piggelty, c., *r., Hikkelty pikkelty, s.w., intermixed heads and tails.
in close pursuit. the reivers on the het
follo't
trod:
Het yal and a ale
stick in't,
c.
hot
spirits in it.
with
Heukk,
hook
G.
;
the crest or
c.
a huckster or small
hoop, a six-quart meamade of a hroad
G.
sure, formerly
wooden hoop. c.
Heusins, Heiizz,
Hay,
G.,
'
tha noo
Hev
w. have.
at, said to his grass
'
'I ha'
I comprehend.
G. to set to.
A
mower
Tea and whay (whey) a feckless day! An' will n't pay Til het a crown But heef and breid, hev at thy ;
G.,
and Hennet,
*r.
I'll
have
not.
Hey howe
!
Hey howe ham
unmeaning exclamations, '
G. has, hath.
now
'
he
is
re-
G. hind,
Hine Hin'
He
a manager of an
farm.
berries, N. raspberries. hinder end.
en', N.
A
a
hill.
Hingan' his lugs, hanging his ears.
crestfallen
G.
;
Hing lock, c. a padlock. Hing on, G. continue stick to it. Hingy (g hard), c. poorly; dull ;
der's o' hingy reet at o'.' G.
'
Fadto-day and nin
through incipient
illness.
hindmost.
a term in wrestling. Hipe, Hippins, underclothes for infants. Hirple, G. person having corns or tender feet hirples as he walks. G.
A
!
often
used when yawning.
Hez,
Hine,
Hinmest,
heid,
An' good strang yal, an' swash thee down.'
Hewent,
anything that
G. hanging, sloping. hingan' field is one on the side of
Hoose, s.w. a dry
c., y.,
c.
Hingan',
the husks of nuts.
cough.
Hev,
Hmdersom',
off -lying
trader.
Heupp,
c. refuse or light corn blown out of the hinder end of the winnowing machine.
tards or prevents.
point of the hip-hone.
Henkster,
;
Hills ageann slacks, G. to set hills against slacks is to equalize matters by giving and taking.
Hinder ends,
dry dell; a grassy ravine without water. w. a
Heugh,
recovering. N. hide;
Heyde,
Hidlins, G. anything hidden or put out of sight.
N.
trod,
He
when
s.w.,
hot;
hurry.
Het
c.,
to beat. o.
rather hot.
Het
the fine pow-
G.
found about the roots of the hazel. Sick cattle are fond soil
dery
Hide,
?
Hettish,
Het, Heatt,
walk
to
.
lame, to limp. Hes ta ? G. hast thou
Hezzle mowd,
hez tha
thy master.
Hezzel, G., Hizzel, N. hazel, to beat or thrash. I'll hezzle thee.'
c. to gasp ; used with reference to the difficulty a person experiences in breathing on ' He plunging into a cold bath.
Hisk,
hisk't
Hit on,
'
hit
when he went o. to agree.
on about
it.'
in.' '
They
don't
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. G. hit.
Kitten,
Hitty missy, of an old inn
Hoddit,
!
The sign Pardshaw was a
chance.
c.
at
sportsman firing at a bird, and '
Hitty missy, luck's
Hizzy, N. hussy.
;
Ho, c., Haa, s.w., N. hall. Ho, Hoo, G. preliminary expletives used as some use the word well.'
Hoaflins, Haflins,
G.
half-done, half-witted, half-shares.
'
When 'tis carded, row'd, and spun, Then the work
is haflins done.'
Old Song of Tarry woo'.
Ho aid. Hod, Had,
Ha aid,
c.,
N. hold, shelter.
nowder house nor hoald
s.w.,
'
G.
Hobblety hoy,
draw
man
an ungainly
springing out of hoy. Hob thrush, GK a hobgoblin having the repute of doing much useful ;
work unseen and unheard during the night,
if
not interfered with,
but discontinuing or doing mischief if crossed or watched, or endeavoured to be coaxed or bribed to work in any way but his own.
Ho
a noisy and turbu-
c.
buck,
lent
young
Ho
fellow.
Hod
G.,
to
G.
'
scramble
pinch't to hod her
pot, G. the one who detains the circling bottle or drinking
vessel.
Hod
i'
agement,
but
we do
how
originated
not know.
Hod thy be
persevere, of encour-
I
A phrase
Hod thy
bodder,
jo, G.
silent.
Hod
to dea,
ment.
'
Hofe, Hafe, Hofelin,
G.
useless employ-
c.
If s
fair
G.,
hod
to dea>'
Haf, w.
half-way
;
half.
a simpleton.
Hofe reet, c. half-witted. Hofe thick, c,, Haf thick, foolish
person;
a
K. a half-fatted
animal.
a lamb for twelve months
G.
Hog,
after weaning.
Hog in
gap, G. a covered opening a wall for sheep to pass
through.
Hoggas,
c.,
Hoggast,
a house for
house;
lambs in
E. a
sheep wintering
after weaning.
E.
awk-
Holme,
G. a shelter for fish in a stream or pond hold. ;
made from
a mixture of undyed black and white wool. G.
watter
te tail stick to it.
upper stockings withSee Beutt stockings. Hollin, G. the holly.
Hod,
G. cloth
lit.'
Hod
out
feet.
con-
frequently, tinuously, without interruption.
s.w.,
c.,
vial land
Hodden gray,
'Nobbet waikly and
Peggy?'
bye,
wardly.
Hoddenly,
his bit, c. to retain health, or position. Hoo's
Hoggers,
Had
bye, bye, N. stand out of the way.
Hooker,
alSann.'
They've to
teah.'
lad
'
He's a annoyance. he niver lets yan
station,
Ho, c., N. and E., Haa, s.w. a word used in guiding horses to the left come hither.
'
G.
fair hod/ash, for
Hod
o'.'
held.
c.
Hodfash,
47
Honey,
c.,
N. alluriver side.
Haugh,
by the s.w.,
Hinny,
w.
a
term of endearment.
Honk,
'
a lazy fellow. Honkan heamm when he sud be at
c.
about wark.'
Hood, the
c. fire.
the hob at the side of
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
48 Hoond,
c.,
Hawwnd,
N.
hound.
Hun, Hoor,
c.,
Hoose,
s.w.,
Hoon,
Hotter,
Hcawwse, Hooas, the apartment into
N.,
s.w. house ; which the front door opens. Hoosin', c. a set of buildings.
Hoo
that
why was
c.
?
Hoot! Hut!
it
so
1
Hout
tout! N. expressions of dissent, or denoting contempt or inferiority. Hop, G. a term used to direct horses to the right. c.,
o. to skip on one foot. An' hop like a steg on a het
Hop, '
s.w.,
c.,
Haapenny, jr. halfpenny. Ho'penny heed and a fardin' tail, c. the different parts
do not
much
better
correspond, one part than another.
Horn hard,
He
c.
hard when he
Horse knop,
fir't
wink't horn
his gun.'
the
G.
Horse mallison,
c.
ments.
House,
s.w. the living-loom
c.,
The of the older farm-houses. ground-floor consists of house, parlour, kitchen, and milk-house.
Howdy, N. a midwife. Howe, c. hollow, empty or eminence,
hill
hoe.
Howe meal husks of
Howe Howe
strowe,
Howk, G.
flight
horses from. hot.
'
'
ter.
Howry,
trot
slowly and
market day
trot.
the inner
c.
in disorder.
to dig; to scratch in the to punish.
o.
;
a large one.
empty.
Ap-
hollow, empty.
c.
a romping
girl.
mischief. you're gaan to play hoyder wi' me.'
Hoyder,
c.
injury,
'
Stop
!
c.,
Heese, s.w., N. hoist.
toyty, c., Hyty-tyty, N. haughty, flighty. hubble Hubble, c. a crowd.
Hoyty
'
o'
to
means
plied to a house depleted of furniture.
Hoyse,
c., s.w. to shake roughly. fat person hatches and laxighs when his sides shake with laugh-
;
c. all
who
a person
Hotch,
c.
it
neet, E. the silence of the
Hoyden,
clumsily
cow
dead of night.
c. dismal,
horses.
A
seeds,
Howney,
Horsin' steann, G. horee block; a stone, or block, or of
Muck
a gentle ; or knoll; a
oats.
c.
G. a measure used serving out oats, &c., for
mount
to a
Spoken
Howker,
Horse mezzer,
See
Ha-way,
c.,
s.w. go along.
knap weed
abuses his horse.
steps to
totter, to
E.
Hotter dockin', c. a nursery term for a busy child learning to walk. Hough band, c. a strap or band is sometimes fastened round the hough of an unruly cow or a wild sheep to restrain its move-
earth, &c.
Centaurea nigra.
Hotch,
Hottle,
c.,
feebly.
go.
See Hopple, c., N. to fetter. Langel. Horndoon, c. lunch about ten in the morning. A word in disuse. See AandorninE.D.S,, GL B. 15.
Hot.
walk
Ho-way, Hoo-way,
girdle.'
Ho'penny, Haypenny,
for
N. halt, a limp in the
c.,
walk.
Idle hizzy, N. whore.
c.,
Hote,
A
fwok.'
Hud,
c.
place.
the hob or side of a
fire-
49
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
Huff,
as
if it
bed heen
He
to wash away c. gush; from mines or quarries by a rush of water.
Hush,
They
Iwfft
dirt.'
a climbing vetch Vicia cracca; a coarse kind of
Hugg aback,
c.
towelling. c. to act in a clandestine or unfair manner to
Hugger mugger,
Kuvvel,
Thummel pwok,
c.,
Hugspend time unprofitably ger muggerari about heamtn..'
needles and
Hulk,
c.
a
lazy fellow.
'
A
;
Hyvin, Ivin,
Hum
lanberries,
s.w. to hesi-
c.,
to prevaricate.
;
Humlin', c,, Hummel, s.w. a ram, testicles in its &c., having both * * loins.
%
S.]
hie thee.
c.
I',
and haa,
W. W.
house-wife.
girt lang hulk* Hull, G. a small shed for calves or pigs, &c.
tate in speaking
a hussy,
case for needles corrupted to huzzif, from confusion with i. e.
Hysta,
tall,
as if for
thread Icel> husi,
house-ivife.
Hullet, s.w., Hoolet,
c.,
N. the owl.
E.
a cap for protecting a sore finger. Huz, c., s.w., Hiz, N. us. Huzzaf, c. a pocket-case of
;
'
Hulert,
impetuosity.
c. hustle.
Hursle, soil
'
G. despised.
Hufft, it
'
to despise ; pet. away in a huff.
G.
went
c.
Hurry skurry,
y. hidden.
Hudden,
c.,
N. ivy.
G. a contraction of in or I, proshort.
nounced as aa
c., Angleherries, N. excrescences on the under parts of cattle resembling raspberries' or hineberries.
Ice shockle,
Ice shoggle, N.
c.,
icicle.
Humlock,
c.
hemlock.
Hummel jummel,
c.,
K. confused-
ly mixed up.
Hummel
mittens,
N.
woollen
thumbs
cour,
Humly
cowers,
N. and E. sliding in a sitting posture. N.E., a
Hunkers,
Hunsup,
c. c.
to scold
;
the
tune
Christmas 'The through the wood.'
Hup, G. up. 'Hup up with thee. Hurd, N. herd, heard.
name
peculiar
of to
hunt's
up
vvi'
tha'
a tempest. 'Storm's Hurl, cumman, John.' 'Ey, an' it '11 be a hurl.' c.
Ill,
to
G.
n't
ill
say weel Ill,
G.
each.'
o'
degrade or slander. a body if you can't yan.'
'He's been an
evil.
teull o' his
Ill gi'en, G.
the haunches.
a lively old
taken for
ill
life.'
Illfarrant, N. ill-favoured.
to hound.
hound;
is
it
Verstegan.
'Do
divided.
Hun,
4
times
gloves having only the
Hummelty
Ilk, Ilka, N. each, every. Ylcan or Ylc, the same. Some-
given to evil deeds
;
ill-given ; bad-tempered. Illify, c. to defame or scandalise.
Illmite, N. very bad tempered. Ill teull, c. a bad boy or man a tool of evil.
;
not having prospered stunted puny. Ill turn, G. an injury.
Ill thriven, G. ;
Ime,
Imm,
;
c.
a thin scum of
covering.
4
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
50
t'
"' He gat in wi' friendly. oald fwok, and he keeps in.'
G.
In a twitter, N. In av, N.W. in.
soon, quickly. ' He leevs in av
Aikton parish.'
Inbank, Inhill,
See Bridewain.
Infield land, G. ancient inclosed land, and commonly the best.
a common name for meadow land in a low .or moist G.
situation.
In-geatt, G. an inroad
Ingle,
;
an attack.
sheep's horn. inkle
Inklin', G.
Thick
as
'
very intimate. a slight hint or intima-
tion. G.
in him.
Ins and outs, Insense,
c.,
G. zigzags.
N. to
make a person
comprehend. Inshot,
G.
Inside, bowels.
Brumfell parish/
Iv'ry like, Iv'ry whnp while, G. every now and then. Iwerly, E. frequently, continuously.
I watna, w. I wit not
know
I
;
not.
from
flakes
c.
Izels,
straw, &c. an oven.
;
dead
fire
burning
of
wood
in
the stomach and He's bad of his inside'
G. '
Ir, G. are.
'
N.
Intil't,
c.,
Is, G. are.
I am.
at iv'ry step.'
How
Jockylegs,
c.,
pocket clasp-knife. Jacky steanns, a game
IT.
a
among
school-girls played with small pebbles, and sometimes with plum or cherry-stones. Jam, G. to squeeze; to press against ; to wedge.
Jamers,
c., Jammers, Jemmers, Jimmers, N. small cup-
Jamp,
G.
jumped,
leapt.
James. St. Jams' Jams, fair is held at Eavenglass on the 5th August. s.w.
Janglement,
G.
angry disputa-
tions.
Ir ye gaan away
'
1
Jannock,
Irrant, G. are not. '
'She brought Jab, c. to spill. milk in a can and jaVt it ower
board hinges.
a recess.
Intul't, Inteutt, and E. into it.
G.
'He's lishest lad
K. in.
c.,
iv o'
8.W.,
Intack, Intake, G. an inclosure taken from the common.
I's,
Iv,
Jackalegs, '
coarse tape.
c.
weavers
Innam,
flakes of soot.
?
the fireside.
G.
Inkhorn, G. this term is used for any pocket vessel holding ink, but the original was of cow's or Inkle,
c.
Flacks,
Issols,
Ister, G. is there
Ittal, It'll, o. it will
a swelling or Income, c., other bodily infirmity, the origin of which is not apparent. Ancome Boucher. In-fair.
other words, as goodtWi, bad/s/j, fairish, hce-ish up, far-is^ away.
Ither, N. other. down-hill.
o.
s.w.
Ing,
'
'
Immead'tly, s.w. immediately. In,
I's be like to hev her.' Ps give him a whack or two.' Ish, G. a terminal often added to
s.w.
me.
o. in
Imma,
fit,
is
T$
c.,
Jannick, K. right,
true.
'
ye to-day ? hev her.'
to
Jant,
c.,
jaunt.
Awwtin',
s.w. a pleasure
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Jarble,
Job-jurnal, c. a spinning play-
to bespatter.
c.
Jayls, c., Gealls (<j hard), N. tlie cracks and fissures of timber in seasoning. to stagger;
c.
Jayvel,
to
walk
loosely.
Je elder,
Jur, K. to shake
c.,
;
to
jar; discord.
thing.
Joggle, Jull, c. to push ; to disturb the elbow of a person, writing.
Jome, c. the side stone of a door or window jaumb. ;
Jonas,
word used in
Jee, G. a
51
directing
horses.
s.w. jaundice.
c.,
Jookery p a cker y,
N. larking,
romping.
Jee-wa-awe,
Jenny red
twisted
G.
tail,
E.
;
the
all
awry.
common
redstart.
Jenny spinner, the Tipula
or
Jook, c. a long and tiresome journey on foot N. to elude an attempt to escape a missile. ;
;
Jope,
G.
to splash
;
to bespatter.
longlegs insect.
Jopins, G. anything spilled.
c. the ventilating hole in the gable of a barn made use of by the owl.
Joram, c., Jworam, mess abundance.
Jenny whol,
Jert, c., s.w. jerk ; to pitch a stone with the hand from the
N.
a large
;
Jowat, K.W. a term of effeminacy. '
He's a feckless jowat.'
to jumble. c. the jaw ; This word relates more particularly to the disturbing of a vessel
Jowl,
hip.
Jew
trump, Joo trump, c. Jew's harp, or jaw harp. Jeyk, c. to creak like machinery requiring
oil
;
the creaking noise
made by new shoes. Lad I want a par o' new shun, and put '
:
us in a periortho' jeykyn ledder.' Shoemaker : Ey, and thou sal hev a pen'orth o' stirrup ledder for nought if thou'll come hither.' In a ji/y in an inJiffy, c.
containing fluid. E. a game played with a hazel nut bored and run upon a
Jud,
string.
See Joggle.
Jull.
'
'
'
stant.
Jimmerly, E. weak or ill-jointed commonly applied to carpenter's work,
up
G. tight, too little ; tucked in the flank as greyhounds
are.
Jing,
c.,
By jing
!
By
jingo
!
rustic oaths.
Jo,
Jaw,
c.,
G.
jumble.
wid, c. to fall in with meet accidentally.
Jump
Junk,
a coarse joint of beef.
Jur, N. to jar
Just now,
;
discord.
G. shortly, soon.
'
I'll
come just now.' Jyste, c. to agist ; to put cattle out to grass upon another's farm.
Ka an event.
job for us
c.
to
;
Jaa, s.w. bad lan-
guage.
Job,
c.
Juniper, c., w. the skipping maggot of the small flesh-fly Piophila ; a chisel for boring stone with.
Jillet, N. jilt.
Jimp,
Jummel,
o'.'
'
It's
a bad
bye,
G.
stand out of the way;
coine by.
Ka
he, G. quoth he.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. E. (g soft) to flog severely.
Kange, '
I'll
him a Jcanjin.'
give
Kanjy,
c.
Kelkin',
c.
unto-
crossgrained,
summer.
ward. a sheep's ear marked Kay by having a square piece cut from the edge. bittit, G.
Kayk,
wander
to
c.
listlessly.
'-Kaykan' about like a pet geiiss.' Kayk, c., IT.E. a twist to one side. She hez a kayk in her neck.' '
Kaym't,
c.
contra-
ill-disposed,
dictious, crooked ; to bend.
Kelter, c. money, riches.
c.
kindly, friendly. the sheep's ked
Ken,
knovr
G. to
Kengood, thing to
Keall,
c.
or
away. See Field keall.
;
of good. G.
Keall runts, w. cabbage-stalks. Keaw, c., Teaw, K. to paw with the foot to kick the straws out of a heap of undressed corn with the foot and a rake. ;
stick, c., s.w., Nebby, stick, N. a hook-headed
stick.
feuttit, E. a person who walks with the toes turned inward.
Keckle,
c., s.w.,
Keck, N.
cackle,
to laugh.
ken-
nin'.' c., s.w.,
Kenspee't,
G. to catch anything in the act of falling.
jope, c. a child's pinafore. Kern, G. churn.
Kep
Kern
Knrn Kemwinnin
supper, c^
supper,
T
s.w.,
,
N. harvest-
home. Kern't milk, Sour milk,
o.
butter
milk.
Kersen,
G. to christen.
Kesfab,
E.
a cheese vat.
Kesk, E. the cowHeracleum spondylium; also any hollow stem. Keslop, c., s.w. the cured stomach of a calf used for making rennet.
Kesh,
c.,
N. to
peep ; to pry. fond of it.
sustenance.
o.
kye and hes
Kessen metal,
n't
Kest,
He
hez
keep
for
'
two.'
c.
blow.
Kelker,
'
c.
'T
sky's
c. a
An a
ugly
kelk.'
heavy blow.
c.
cast iron.
G. cast.
Ket, Ketment, Ket-Kite,
small spring. to hit roughly ; a severe
Kel, Keld,
casten.
G.
Kessen,
ower-fcessen.'
on't, G.
Keep,
Kelk,
o'
parsnip
Keb
five
'That
knowing.
Kep,
broth; N.E. greens; porridge of oatmeal. Keall pot, 6. the large pan in which the meat and puddings are cooked in farm-houses.
Keall, o. kale,
Nib't
to see.
Kengeudd, ir. someremember an example
N. conspicuous.
o. go, get
Kebby
;
in
c.,
Kenspeckl't,
!
trumpery.
hairs intermixed the growth of wool. c.
Kemps,
youngster's growan' out
louse.
Keagh
Keen
G. useless
Kelterment,
Kennin', c.
Kayter, Keadd,
Keek,
a beating.
land containing small Kelly, springs which partly dry up in c.
E.
G. filth, carrion.
a person of
mean
actions.
Ketty,
G.
dirty,
less.
Keudd,
G. cud.
mean, worth-
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Kevvel, c., N. awkwardly.
kick or leap
to
'
c.
Kill coo,
'
c,
'
.Mean girt kill coo nothing wonder-
no great object
;
Kill dry 't feass, and withered face. a sharp
c.
Kilp,
O
kilpa
and
c.
a parched
hend or
if. to fasten of the dress.
up the
skirts
Kit,
c.
heall
The a term of contempt. kit' the whole set or '
company.
re-
c.
the whooping-
cough. c. the peculiar sound of the whooping-cough ; a curling twist in a rope or cord.
Kink,
c.
materials to light
fire with. c.,
Keens, Keen cuts, N.
cracks in the hands caused
by
Kipper,
a salmon out of
c.
season.
to
G.
in
trouts
tickle
grappling them with the hands. led. 3
Knaa, s.w. know." Knack, G. method. knack on
Knack,
c.,
'
He
hez
t'
't.'
N.
and
E.
to talk quick,
and attempt fine language. She knacks and talks M like rotten sticks.'
'He's neah girt o. nothing beyond ordin-
Knacks, knacks
'
Knaggy,
G.
crochety,
short-
tempered. N.
c.,
fish
partially
pickled.
Kirk, Kurk,
G. church.
Kirk-gaan,
G. church-going; regular in attendance at church.
Kirk garth,
G.
churchyard.
N., B. a circle of stones. large circle of stones on
Kirrock,
the summit of Carrock fell, of which there exists no reliable history,
upon, quick, excitable.
ary.
frost.
Kipper't,
;
'
G. kindle.
Kinnellin',
Kins,
kitten.
c.
Kittle, c. to tickle ; to bring Kittle forth kittens active. as a mouse-trap' easily acted
Kizzen't, G. over-roasted, shrivel-
lations.
King congh,
Kinnel,
Kitlin,
Kittle,
Kin, Kinsfwok, G. kindred,
A
pail or
'
angle.
creuks.'
Kilt up,
a
wooden
tub.
Kith, N. kindred.
ful
1
Kist, G. chest.
Kit, c. a small
the top of the fashion, The varra ki-ck.'
Kick,
53
would
given the
name
seem
to have to the moun-
tain.
Kissiu' crust, G. the piece of crust adhering to a loaf, and
which has been broke from another loaf, the two having been in contact whilst baking.
Knap, Nap,
to strike gently
c.
and quickly. Knattle, G. to tap gently. Kneavv, G. knave.
Kneavv shyve,
c.
the
first
cut
off the loaf.
Knep, Nep,
c.
to bite in play as
horses do. c. to butt with the head as a calf or lamb does when
Kneudd,
sucking.
Kneuls, Sneels, c. small loose horns attached to the skin on the heads of cattle called 'horned coweys,' and not fast to the skulls.
Knidgel, ture.
c.
to castrate
by
liga-
54
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
Knock, c. a hard blow. Knockin' trough, N.W. a stone trough used around "Wigton for
Laal set by,
Laa man,
bruising moistened barley in with, a wooden pestle, for making The barley-milk or frumerty.
Labber,
same as Creean trough.
Laddie,
Knock
proceed, continue,
go on.
Knock
c. to
onder,
resign; give
knonnot
kneaded.
c. c., '
Knaanat,
s.w.
'I
I do not know.
applied to a person having a strong habit or propensity. He's a laddie for o' maks o' spwort.' '
G. the end of the stave outside the cask or tub.
Laghter,c.,ii. a brood of chickens or other fowls. c. always behind. Laird, K. landowner, yeoman.
Knoppy,
Lake,
c. lumpy, knotty. Knoppy rwoad,' as the man
when he stumbled over a Q.
Knowe,
a rocky-peaked hilL G. a rounded hill.
Knur't, c. grown.
Knyfel,
c., TS.
Kursty,
G.
'
c.
;
E. to gossip.
Lam,
E. to beat.
Lammin',
E. a
thrashing.
to steal trifles.
Lampers, Christopher.
Kursty, whoar cu's ta frae Cu's ta wi' kye ?
N. play.
a child's toy.
Lalder, N. loud and foolish talk
not freely
stunted;
Leayk,
s.w.,
c.,
Lakin,
Lai, Lallup, c. to loll or hang out the tongue derisively.
cow.
Knot,
This word
a lad.
~s.
Lag-ma-last,
c. a small tub haying two longer staves for handles.
said
law;
of
splash in water.
c. to c.,
Knop,
'
man
Laggin,
precedence.
Knodden, Knonnot,
s.w.
attorney.
is
c.
on,
of small esteem
G.
or repute.
lamprey-eels; a a young horse's
c.
in
swelling
mouth.
?
'
'
c. an old breed of brown and black cattle with white faces, peculiar to
Lamplugh hokeys,
Ey, twenty good nowt An' ya yoad for bye.'
Kye,
and
c.
E.,
Keye,
N.,
Cawws,
s.w. cows, kine, cattle.
Kype,
c., s.w.,
to insinuate;
horse
is
gaan
Keyp,
>-.
to die. ' to l-ype
to jibe ; "T oald to die.
A
saw is said to Kyp't, c. bent. be kyp't or buckled when permanently bent or twisted. G.
Kysty,
Kyte,
c.,
squeamish. s.w.,
Keyte, w. the
Lyle,
s.w.,
Leyle, N.
little.
Lj.Tal
extinct, 1874. c.
a mess of
toasted biscuits steeped in hot ale with spices
Land, '
c.
;
an
three "lands in land.
Land, c., home.
'
a posset.
estate
Willy Fisher
Lang, c.,
puddin',
o'
land.
or separate estates
s.w. to arrive '
in
Win scales hed
He
landit
;
to reach in yister
neet.'
belly.
Laal,
Now
Lamplugh.
Lamplugh
house,
Donnican.
G. long, tall, high.
be six
feiitt
'
He'll
hee, and as good as
he's lang.' c.
a privy.
See
back't settle, an uncushioned
Lang c.
Lang ligger, sofa.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. the sharp cord at the end of a whip. Lash away ! G. a common exclamation of encouragement
c., N., Langket, s.w. a woollen fetter for sheep. Langer east shorter west, c. a deficiency in one part is compensated by abundance in an-
Langel,
applied indifferently to play.
other.
Lang hundred, '
a.
Five scwore to
money and
pins
Six scwore to
Lash cwom',
six score.
hundred
t'
t'
H.
men,
o'
to
o'
other things.' Old Cunib. Rhyme. Lang last, a. at length ; the end He's gitten a wife at lang of. c.
because
of.
o'
him
I
on, lang beck,'
Lang
'at
'
It
a term of opproboys, denoting effeminacy or undue preference for the society of girls.
c.,
Langseyne, Langsom, G.
Lat,
s.w., Langsyne, N. long sinca
tedious.
rwoad
langsom
'It's
laid
a.
streak't,
Langways,
G.
windit,
Lant,
an enduring nature
;
at
G.
G.,
full
leaves.
Lave, N. the
G. prolix.
Laws! Loze!
c.
Layt, G. to seek. f kye heamni.'
of loo. ' At lanter the caird lakers sat i' the loft' Anderson. leets, c. for glass.
remainder.
an expression
of astonishment.
N. the
game
Lantern
rest,
Lavrick, N. the lark.
long and thin.
Lanter,
'As
lat.
1
lat.
lug't, c., Leav lug't, N. ears hanging instead of being The N. epithet is very erect. appropriate the ears hang like
lengthwise.
s.w.,
Dutch
lath.
Latch
a
Hutton
ower
G.
thin as a
length.
Lanky,
G. of
Lasty,
t'
inoor.'
Lang
G.
among
lasting.
sen,
Lang
N.
;
See Laddie.
G.
brium
was
into
fell
out, c. to use a comb forth ; to kick.
Lassie-lad,
last:
o'
Lash ceam,
s.w.,
hand
Lassie,
'
Lang
or
a coarse comb.
Lash
;
hundred of
c.,
work
horn substitutes
*
Gang
an' layt
Laytin', c. the circuit invited to a funeral, &c.
N.
G. a bed of potatoes planted on the surface. Lea, Sye, c., s.w., Sye, N. a
sidit, c. unequally balanced. Lapstan', c. the stone held on the shoemaker's lap for beating his leather upon.
Lead, G. to convey by cart Gang and lead cworn to-day, it'll
to give up.
Leadd, G. load, lade ; to lift out water with a bucket or dish.
Lantit, G. defeated, disappointed.
Lant
lakers, players at loo.
Lanters,
c.,
Lazybed,
Lap
Lap
up,
Larn, '
He
c.
to desist
;
G. learn also to teach. larns his scholars to write.' c.
to
beat
Larrop, Lash, G. to comb
scythe. '
be
dry.'
Leader, Leaff,
;
a
attack of diarrhooa ;
comb to
an whip ;
;
c.
G.,
a tendon
Lwoaf,
;
a sinew.
K. loaf.
Leahstan', G. a stone used for whetting scythes.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
56 Leand,
and
c.
relating to wages, &c.
the wind.
Leet'nin' afoor deeth,
o. alone.
Leann,
Leapp, a,
s.w.,
lace
o.
Leass,
Lap,
N. leapt.
to
thrash
and
spirits.
;
Leasst cup,
tea
G.
or
Leets,
N.
Leeve
bern. G. loth.
Leatth, to
'
She was
ledtth
;
G. to
beat ; leather.
Let,
method
of
Led farm,
heavy dancing. an additional farm
c.
on which the occupier does not reside. '
G. allege. still seah.'
'Ledge,
was
'ledges it
a term used
Leead, s.w. to lead
c.,
;
to
'
He's leedan' lime.' In the last century work horses were conducted or led with cart.
halters
when
term
to
at work and the lead still remains although the horses are now driven. '
out,
c.,
lap.
Leeam,
G.
light ; to alight. for a mischief
o' thu,
leapp off
Let on,
G.
'
Nivver
ha' lefn
on
let
do not speak of it or you are aware of it.
'
show that
at, G. to strike
quickly
at.
Do n't G. to pretend. wit '- seem as if you did not see or know. '
let
c. an entrance lodge ; to 'He leudg't lodge or deposit. his goold in t' oald bank.' Leuff, N. the palm of the hand.
Leudge,
Leugh,
Leukk
N. laughed.
c. attend to him; keep an eye on him. Leumm, G. loom a tool ; a term of reproach. He's an ill leuitim.'
tull him,
;
s.w. to
'
drop
out like ripe nuts. Ay luds leukk yonder for brown leemers I led
He
'He sud
'
Leet,
'
to alight.
;
'
Leemers, hazel nuts.
Leem
a
Let wit,
Lee-co', c. look out in hand-ball play.
Leed,
G.
Let slap
He
;
c.
Let'n, G. let. that aleann.'
a rustic
c.
c. easy to easy to turn to
Leef teall,
dike top an' let in a bog.' Let leet on, or into, G. to open up secrets or mysteries.
person.
Ledder-te-spetch,
that'n.'
t'
a garrulous
G.
nor
to jerk ; to pitch a light article out of the hand.
a large one. Ledder heed, c. a blockhead.
Ledder lungs,
'I'd
teall,
of straw
Lert,
c.
Ledderer,
sooner, rather. this
account.
go do not hold. Leek, G. to leak ; a hard snbsoil of clay and gravel. See Pinnel. Ledder,
hev
Leggan'away, c. walking quickly. Lep, c., Wap, c. and N. a bundle
let
G.
agile,
sell or dispose of;
gang away.'
Leave gang, Leave hod,
G.
Leever, leever
a barn;
gay, cheerful,
c.
lightsome.
V
o.
a lucid
N. lungs.
Leyghts,
c.,
Leetsom',
'It c. leastwise. niver was seah, least way I niver
Leastways,
Leatth, Leeath,
G.
interval preceding death, ' I Leet on, c. to meet with. rwoads.' leet on him at t' cross
beat.
knew
G.
Leetly gitten leetly geann,
a shelter from
'E.
' ' !
!
'
Hans
Leuw, is
N. love.
seldom
The word
heard
in
is felt
and
love
'
Its infully under-
converse in the county. fluence
'
ordinary
57
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. stood as in all other parts ; but the word is only spoken, in hallowed reverence.
Lick plate, Lift, c. the
Leiivv, Luff, Q. the hollow of the I' leuvv o' t' hand.' hand. '
G. arable
Ley, Lea,
land in
grass.
Verstegan, writing on the surname of Lesley, says ' Legh, Ley, or Lea, a ground that lieth
uninanured and wildly overgrown.' And, a combat being once fought in Scotland, between a gentleman of the family of Lesleyes and a Knight of Hungary, wherein the Scottish gentleman was victor, in memory thereof, and of the place where it happened, the ensuing verses '
doe in Scotland yet remain.' '
there.'
for ey in pz-onouncing.
hay grown on old ley ground. The term is now applied to rye-grass and clover hay as well. G.
Ley hay,
'
Mey
N., N.W. fondness, liking. ley kin' for thee I can't
To a child in the Abbey Hokae may be heard sinudder.' 4
Come
hither,
my
leyl ley kin'.'
Liable, o. apt ; having a pro'He's liable to get pensity to.
drunk
if
he's
ought
in
]
pocket.'
Liable,
Lib,
tries
services.
a trick at cards.
;
'
He'll help, assistance. give us a lift at a pinch.' Lift, c. a term used at funerals. What time do ye lift or start with the corpse ?
Lift, G.
'
'
Lig,
down.
G. to lie
Lig a leamm
on, G. to brutally injure a limb, &c. Lig at, G. lay to it ; work at it '
vigorously.
Lig
Liggan' upon,
G.
'
at
him,
lad.'
very urgent. upon, and mun be
It's ligyan'
done.'
Liggers, c. layers growing wood notched and laid along a hedge. Liggy bed, c. a person addicted to late rising.
Liggy boddam, Liggy,
Leycence, Leyfe, Leyke, Leyme, &c., &c., N. and N.w. substitute
Leykin',
sky
by mean
;
Between the lesse-ley, and the mare (greater), He slew the Knight, and left him
i
who
a person
c.
to gain favour
loach
Light on, c. pend on.
to rely on; trust; de-
Lick, Lig lick on, G. to discover ; to see. I could niver lig lick an
I'll
on thee to
light
in, c. a mining term below the foundation.
to dig
Lig
Lig in tul him
!
thrash
c.
him
well.
Lig ma much.
c.
lag,
abundance; too
c., s.w., Leyke, N. in danger 'It's like of; urgency; likely. to foY He'll be like to come.'
Like,
'
This
G.
Like, words,
Liker,
c. to castrate.
'
pay't.'
as
happy-Zt'/ce,
G. reliable.
the
c.
fish.
c.,
Like to, was like
is
affixed to
many
ill-fr&e,
goodi-likc,
&c.
s.w. G.
more
likely. to.
disposed
'
He
to laugh.'
'
him
efter corner.'
he went round
Lick for smack,
t'
Likken, '
N. to
compare
Now, divvent
;
to
likken
match.
me
to
hur.' c.
quick
gether.
Lickin', Licks, G. a thrashing.
to-
She lilly 't Lilly, G. to natter. t' oald man up till she gat him an' his money and o'.' <
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
58
Lilt, G. a short and lively piece of music ; to sing merrily with-
out using words. o. a mischievous
Lim,
person
;
limb.
strong and ready-handed; nimble. G.
isty,
to cheer
G.
Liven, Lyven,
list,
;
active;
up ;
enliven.
Limber,
c. flexible,
supple.
s.w., Car shafts of a cart.
stangs,
Limmers, Limmish,
c.
the
Livver, c. deliver. Loave Loavin days !
a. inclined to mischief.
Lin, a. linen. Line of eggs,
c. the course of laying eggs by a fowl. Lines, c. banns of marriage. 'T' lines is gone in' to the
G.
Calluna vul-
heather.
Ling cowe,
s.w.,
c.,
Heather
cowe, x. a stem of heather. Lingy, Lingbird, Moortidy, c., Mosschilper, Mosscheeper, 3f. the ground lark. Lion, N. a precipice.
exclam-
Lobby lowe, a nursery term
;
for a
flickering flame. '
an undefined quantity.
G.
Lock,
A lock o' money.' A girt lock.'
'
mix a pack
G. to
Lock,
some
garis.
c.
!
ations of surprise or delight. Lob, c. to leap or run heavily to throw in quoiting fashion.
'
parson.
Ling,
woollen selvages
jistin, c.
A laal lock.' of cards
up and some down.
faces
c. a split iron pin for securing a window-bolt, &c. Lockin gowan, c. the globe flower
Lockin,
Trollius Europeans.
Lofe,
Laaf,
c.,
Lwof,
s.w.,
Loff,
opportunity, chance. He'd nea lofe o' sellinV N. c. ' Twea to yin of a loff'
N.
offer,
'
Linnert,
Lin
c.
the linnet.
pin, G. linch-pin.
Linsty wninsty, c. cloth of linen and woollen mixed.
Log,
'
G.
swum
Lonnin', a large portion. Usually ' T' railway's applied to land. a teann girt lipe off our croft.'
Lipe,
oatmeal and water Lire, Lythe, mixed smooth to thicken broth with, E.
Lonter, on ainang
'
a crease.
paik't for
stockins, they're
Lirt, E. to
Poo up thy
o' lirks.'
push out the tongue.
See Lert.
Look,
nut-trees
t'
leatt for
can
t'
skeiill
he was and gat
allowance.
Lowk,
c.,
lonter't
till
't.'
c.
'Looance,
'He
loiter.
c.
ower
He
G. lane.
E.
a
Lirk,
quiet.
still,
in log watter.'
s.w.
to
weed
corn, &c. silent E. the slow and motion of the water of a deep
Loom,
pool.
Lish,
c.,
s.w.,
Leesh, N. supple,
active.
Lishlike, G. well-made.
Lisk,
c.,
s.w. the flank or groin.
Loot, Lowt, G. a clumsy or stupid 'He's nought bit a girt lad. lowt aa tell tha.'
Loppen,
G. leapt.
'
'List, G. enlist. Gweordy's an' listit for a soldier.'
gone
s.w., Leester, N. c., pronged and barbed fish-spear.
Lister,
Lopper't, curdled
Lost
i'
G.
milk turned sour and
is lopper't.
fcdirt,
barn's fairly
'
G. lost
F
Yon
poor 1
dirt,
an' t
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. mudder's ower heed an' ears muck.' Lot,
G. to
for a soldier, bit
gat
He was
'
allot.
lie'
i'
lottit
peal't off
and
clear.'
Lough whol,
a hole or cavity
c.
in rocks, &c.
Lounder,
c.,
N. to beat.
N. a large one. He's a girt lounderan' fellow.' Lewder, c. the foundation supThis porting the millstones. term is used in the records of
Lounderer,
c.,
'
Greystoke Castle relating to Threlkeld Hall mill, where some of the customary tenants are bound in turn to cart stones for the repair of the loivder.
Lowe, flame, blaze ; the torch used by fish-poachers. 'Aa's G.
gaan a gang?'
Lowmer,
loivin'
G.
to-neet,
will ta
the lower; the one
or part below.
Lowmest, G. lowest. Lownd, c., Lown, N. calm, still. Clock lownd still as a clock. The downy seeds of the dandelion, when on the stem, are collectively called a clock. They are blown off with a slight puff, and when the wind is so still as not to disturb these seeds it is said to be clock lownd. Scand, logn, serenity of the atmosphere.
Lownd
side,
G.
the
side
in
shelter.
Lowp,
a cow, &c., addicted to leaping hedges ; a husband of unfaithful habits.
dyke,
Lowse,
G. loose
G.
;
out of service
or apprenticeship. G.
diminu-
young women
to
assemble at the nearest inn on such a day to celebrate the loosening of the young man from his indentures, and to solicit a ribbon as a pledge to be redeemed by attendance. Tea was provided at a stated price, and sports and dancing held, and the profits given to the young man to purchase an outfit of the tools of his trade to commence as journeyman with. An advertisement of this kind appeared in a Penrith paper in November, 1875. of Edenhall, G. an ornamental glass cup preserved at
Luck
The well-being of Edenhall. the house is traditionally ascribed to the safe preservation of Luck of Edenthis fairy relic. hall, by the Rev. B. Porteus. See also Wordsworth's Poems and Uhland's Poem, of which there is a translation by Longfellow.
Luck
Munkister,
o'
s.w. a glass
preserved at Muncaster Castle. This cup was presented by Edward VI. on his visit to the castle in
and
1641,
is
carefully
preserved as an heirloom associated with the fortunes of the house.
money returned
G.
Luckpenny,
to the buyer on payment (said to be for luck to the purchaser),
When
an apprenticeship terminates it has E.
cattle,
and
shilling a head on so in proportion for
other things.
Lucky, '
He
G.
big, easy,
abundant
keeps a lucky yard wand.'
heall
c.
abundance, crowd.
lufter
o'
fwok
co'
'
A
frao
Codebeck.'
out, G. to unyoke.
Lowz'nin',
to invite the
Lufter,
Lowsish,
tions of loose.
Lowze
been customary for the young men, friends of the liberated one, to go round the neighbourhood
commonly a
G. leap.
Lowpy
Lowsely,
59
Lug,
G.
the ear; the handle of a &c. to pull the
pail or jug, hair, &c.
;
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY-
60 to rush
a.
Lush,
in the water
fiercely; to splash.
Lush and lavey,
wasteful ex-
E.
Luv
1
t
o'
Lword,
Ly
Laatha!
c.,
'a
E.
look
hand,
c.
now
!
c.,
Ly ye
!
N. listen
ye!
Lyer,
c.
meal in
layer;
the
broth.
Lype, Lysta
bull-fleshed, coarse.
c.
Lyery,
the greater portion.
c.
c.
!
listen thou.
Lytel, c., Leytel, N. the surname of Little. N. thick fluid.
Lythy,
Lyve,
'
G.
A
living. lyve dog's better nor a deed lion.'
Lyve, Leve, '
I'd as lyve
of
mako
o' t'
1
c., s.w., I'll turn
Mek, N
my back
them.'
G.
hev
a poor mouth, c. to endeavour to excite compassion.
Our bull at, c. to attack. at him full smack.' '
mcadd
the palm.
N.W., Laird, N. lord.
G.,
sort.
Mak
listen thou.
;
'
make,
Mak
travagance.
Lu'tha! thou
Mak, Meakk,
as soon
prefer. that as tudder.'
Mak
count on,
c.
to
reckon on;
to take into account.
Mak Mak
c.
on,
hurry on.
on, c. to treat kindly; to ' Mak on him and encourage.
he'll
dea
better.'
Mak is
*
out, G. to progress. he makkan out?'
kinds or
G.
Maks,
'
How
Tour-
sorts.
What
kinds of fish are in ' O' maks your lakes ?' Guide : ist
:
ameasst.'
Mak up
to curry favour. her man.'
till, G.
'Mak up
till
Mailin, c. a dusting mop for the oven an untidy woman. ;
Ha,
G.
me.
Maap, s.w. mope. Maapment, s.w. blundering. Maddle, G. to talk incoherently; to doat.
Maddl't,
G.
a conical pillar or pike of stones erected on the top of a Such cones are on mountain. the tops of all our mountains, 1 Coleand they are called men.
Man,
Mcoa, s.w., N. to cut with a scythe; to mow.
confused.
G.
'
ridge.
Man
alive
Mans
!
!
exclamations
of wonder or surprise. ' that's grand
'
Mans
!
!
Maff, Mafflin,
c.
a simple person. to mislead. ;
Maffle, G. to blunder
Mailin', N. a farm.
Mairt, N.E. the fat cow killed at Martinmas. In the last century it was a rare circumstance to slaughter a fat beeve at any season but in November, and in
some
districts rarely then.
Maister,
c., N., E.,
Mester, s.w.
master, mister.
Maister man, ter of
G.
Mander,
a household.
maunder;
to talk
E. a stick or tree flattened in growing is oval, and of the form of the body of a man.
Man-grown,
Mank,
to
E.
noddle
with the
a bull or
cow given
head.
Man-keen,
G.
to attack people is man-keen.
Manner, a husband; mas-
N.
c.,
confusedly.
c.,
Mainer, N. manure.
Mannishment, G. manures applied to land.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
Man '
on, G. to encourage ; to urge. their dogs on to
They man't
feight.'
Mant,
Man Man
G. unimportant. nea girt matters Matters, G. nothing to boast of.
to stutter. sel
thy
trap,
'
G. act like
!
man.
a
a green bog. s.w. c.,
;
may.' Grayson.
midge,
Mappem I hap. Gibson's Ldal Dinah
Mawn
'
may
a branding-iron
c.
or
tools
horns of
to
match
a partner
;
;
;
'
verily. Marry, ha ' verily he did.
Marry dud interjection
sometimes used on the receipt of ridiculous news.
Mart'nmas, c., s.w., Martlemas, Mairtenmas, N. Martinmas. Marvel, c. marble. Mash, c. mess to bruise ; to crush. ;
Mass, c., Mask, N. to infuse. Mass t' tea, Biddy.' '
Masselton batch, c. a sack of mixed grain ready for being ground. Mastel, c. a patch or border of an arable field never ploughed.
Mastis, Masty,
dud
c.
esteem.
left te
n't matter c. '
important. matterable.'
G. a simpleton. on, G. to be kind to ;
on
;
'
What '
pleass?' 't
Meakk is
make
go on. out, G. to progress.
he meakkan' out
'
How
'
?
Meall o' milk, G. the milk given by a cow at one milking. G. using soft words hypocritically ; also apa plied to a soft spoken person bay or brown horse having a
Meally mouth't,
light-coloured muzzle.
Mean-field, c. a field in which the several shares or ownerships are known by meer-stones or other boundary marks.
Meat-heall, c., K, Meeat-heall, s.w. healthy having a regular ;
appetite.
be.
Mebby, G. it may Med, Mud, c.,
Med
s.w.,
Meeght,
N. might.
Meet,
Mud
n't,
Meeght
n't, N.
n't,
c.,
might
not.
Midda,
c., N.,
s.w.
s.w.,
mea^
dow.
an undefined number.
Matterable,
to
N.
stupify.
Meeda,
G. mastiff.
A matter o' twenty or mair.'
Matter, seunn
stone.
c.,
;
Marry come up! an
G.
Man), a rock or s.w., Maze,
(or
Mayzel,
;
c.
'
to pitch to.
N. the flesh-fly or
blue-bottle.
Meakk
marrow. Marraless, G. not alike; not having a partner. Marras, G. two alike. Marra to bran, G. much alike; a match for equal to.
Matter,
'
Mayzlin',
&c.
Marra, au equal
mark
c.
Mawk
Markin' iron, for marking G.
the
Matty,
may
c.
Mappen, Map'm,
cattle,
dotage.
Matterless,
yr.
happen
Matterfangled, w.w. in incipient
tou's
Ey, I
much.'
A
c. to moan; bemoan. horse walking lame is said to meen the lame foot.
Meen,
Meerish,
G. effeminate.
Meer-stan,
G.
a
landmark of stone.
of
consequence ; What he does is n't
Meety, Meeghty, This word
is
N. mighty.
nearly obsolete,
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. c.,
Meg-wi'-many-feet,
less
pens.
Mekkin,
Seggin,
c.,
s.w.
the
a conical but not peaked hill standing alone, as Melfell, Mdbrek, &c.
Merryneet.
See Murryneet.
are the double doors enclosing the farm yard. c.
Mel-keedit, headed.
and square
large
'
terfere.
Mell, G. a mallet ; the last cut of corn in the harvest field. This cut
of
contraction
meaid a mess on 'Mess
!
'He hez
confusion.
G.
Mess,
Amess
!
'
't
!
Mex Amex !
!
G.
oaths or affirmations.
Messet, E. a toy-dog ; a term of reproach to an untidy child.
Met, mete or measure. Formerly a measure of two bushels Winchester.
'He'll nowder meddle. he will not inmell nor mak c.
last
a
N.W.
Messenger.
deurs
Mell,
gut.' G. a bastard.
Mesher,
Melder, G. the quantity of meal ground at one time. Meldoor, o. a door put together with knobbed wooden pegs. In the east of the county the md-
is
commonly
platted,
enclosing a large apple, and hung up in the farm kitchen till Christmas day, when the corn is given to the best cow, and the apple to the oldest servant on the farm.
Mel
scope, E. a confirmed dunce a dulbert.
Mel
greedy
c.
Mel,
A
Merrybegot,
Iris Pseudacorus.
yellow flag
hospitable, gener' menseful swort 'a menseContra
ous, liberal. of a body.'
re-
Ranunculus
crowfoot plant
G.
Menseful,
Meg-wi'-
s.w. the creeping
many-teazz,
supper.
See
Kern
;
supper.
a. amends. 'He's at t' nothing height of his 'mends more to be given or had.
'Mends,
Metlam cworn,
c.
a toll of corn
paid by certain lands, and measured by the lord of the manor's officers in what is called the
Metlam peck. N., Mooan, s.w. the Persons subject to great variations of temper are said to be owder at t' meunn, or t' mid-
Meunn,
c.,
moon. '
din'
still.'
Meuthy weather, damp weather. Meiitt ho',
G.
moot
mild and
E.
hall.
A town
as formerly at Keswick, Cockermouth, &c.
hall,
'
Meng, *
N. to renew.
ceaks,
Mewburnt, c., Mewbrunt, E.
An' meng us up thar
glasses.'
Stagg's llosley Fair. c.
of corn or
hay.
Here, lanleady, some mair shwort
Mennom,
Mew, G. mowed. Mew, Moo, G. a mow
minnow.
overheated in the
jr.
mow
and or
stack.
Mewstead,
c.,
s.w. a place
N.,
Mawwstead,
where a mow stands
;
a mow.
Henny, if.
c.,
Manny,
s.w.,
Monny,
many.
Mense,
G. propriety,
corum.
Mewtle, mewtle
decency, de-
c. the cow and ewe when yearning over their
newly-dropped young, and uttering a low sound of fondness.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Mickle, s.w.
Muckle,
o.,
much.
use for
it
N.,
Mitch,
Micel or Mikel, we in the south parts of
England the Spanish word Much. Muckel.
Verstegan.
Spencer.
Mickle what, c. much the same. How's mudder ? Mickle ivhat, '
'
'
she's parlish feckless.'
Middin sump, Middin s.w., N. a
pant,
of the dung-heap.
middling ; only mid'How are you?' 'I's dling. gaily weel to-day, but I was nob* bet varra middlirf
Middlin',
G.
yesterday.'
that gives plenty top milker.'
a. a COAV
Milker, of milk
is
'
a
Milly thoom, Miller's thumb,
c.
the willow wren.
Mimps,
primly and
talk
to
c.
mincingly.
Min, so
G. man. Only pronounced when speaking familiarly or
with
'
contempt.
Thou's
nea
girt things, rnin.'
sumph, or pool supplied
by the drainage
63
Mind, c., s.w., Meynd, N.W. reMind and think on.' member. He duz n't mind he does not '
'
'
care.
Mind,
G. inclination.
'
good mind to gang an'
Mirk, Murk,
is
tell
A
G. dark.
Bassenthwaite
I've a reet
them.'
farm in
called Murlc-
liolme.
Milk hannel,
a larger pail into
c.
which the milk cans are emptied
by
the milkers.
hill, c. a dry and slightly elevated open place near the farmhouse, where the cows were milk-
Milkin'
ed formerly while standing
The name some of the
is
still
loose.
common
in
central parishes. c.
Milkin' side, G. the side on which the milker sits with the right elbow towards the cow's head.
Milkness,
c.
a dairy of cows
and
their produce. We've a girt milkness this year (or t' year). '
'
Millsucken,
G.
bound by tenure
to carry corn to manorial mill.
Mis-co', c. to mis-call or to verbally abuse.
be ground at the
a de-
mis-name ;
Mis-leer't, N.W. led astray.
Mis-lest, G. molest. N. to compare disrespectfully ; to neglect or forget. ' Diwent mislikken noo.'
Mis-may, c., Mis-mave, N. This term is used negatively to exOur cowt press absence of fear. met t' soldiers and nivver mis'
may't his
Mistal,
c.
sel.'
cow-house.
Mistal heck, c. in old times the farm-house was built adjoining the cow-house or mistal, with a passage between them. The doorway opening from this passage into the cow-house was fitted with a half-door or mistal heck. A few buildings of this kind still remain, 1877. 1
* When the late Dr. John Dalton was introduced at Court, King Win. IV. asked him how matters were going on at Manchester. The Doctor, a Cumberland man, replied Very middlin', I
Miter,
think.'
Mittens, Mits,
'
;
Mislikken,
a circle of overhanging trees or bushes, usually of holly, within which the cows were milked in hot weather. There is a ring at Causeway Foot, near Keswick, 1858, &c.
Milkin' ring,
Miscanter, c. to miscarry feat, mishap.
G.
to waste
away from
;
to
crumble
age. G.
woollen gloves
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
64
Pwok
or bags for the hands. See
mittens. jr.
small rain.
Moithy,
maker
t'
The inappropriate name would seem to have been given
maggot. imag-
the sulks.
in
;
;
molligrubs to-day.'
c.
mould
candles.
shrub Myrica
Mote
gale.
c.
heartit,
N.
and
moult,
to
N.
mention.
appearance
called a
is
c., N.
Moppet,
o.
multure, mill
toll.
a horse's nose-
G.
Mowdywarp,
c.,
s.w.,
Mowdy-
N. the mole.
wark,
c., '
fused.
He
x. bewildered, congat moyder't in a
snow storm and
a pet.
moty sun.
bag.
Moyder't,
Mooter,
timid, cowardly.
sun, N.E. sunbeams shining through an aperture exhibit the atoms of dust floating, and this
Moty
Mouth pwok,
Moose, c., N., Mooas, Mawse, s.w. mouse.
1
of abating the idea of extravagance.
Moss wythan, N.W. the aromatic
bad temper
Mooldi't cannels,
c.,
cake
a
E.
lard, cream, or other shortening
Moold, c., Mawld, s.w. to cast in a mould.
Moot,
ceakk,
of oatmeal, with butter,
material.
s.w., N.
inary ailments She's in
made
by way
Moke, c., Maak, See Whicks.
'
of malt.
E. moist.
c.
the flowering stems
c.
Moss- watter s.\v.
a silly fellow.
Molligrubs,
an expression.
of Eriopliorum vaginatum.
Moam, mellow, Moatster, c., Maatster, maltster; a
to
Mosscrops,
soft.
c.
c.
'mortal lang,' 'mortal Also used to give force
as,
short.'
Mizzle, c., Hadder, See Hadder.
Moilin,
term,
torfer't.'
sometimes used to exMuch, 'It's much if he press doubt. gangs at o' now.' G.
1 hed a laal moppet I pot in pocket, fed it wi' corn
And
my
and hay Theer com a Scotch pedder and swore he wad wed her, And stole my laal moppet away. Through the kirk yard she ran, ;
she ran; O'er the broad watter she swam, she swam ; And o' the last winter I lost my laal twinter,
And than
she
com heamm
quality
Mort,
c., '
tity.
Mortal,
;
c.
people of
court cards.
Mwort,
N. a great
quanA mort o' fine things.' G.
very.
An
hack, o. a three-toothed drag for drawing manure from the cart.
Muck
indefinite
hots, G.
panniers for con-
veying manure on horseback, and N.E. heaps of muck or lime in the field.
Muckment, '
wi'
lamb, wi' lamb.' Old Nursery Rhyme.
Moresby Ho' fwok,
Muck
A heap
o'
G.
anything
dirty.
muckment.'
Muck wet wet
;
(wi' sweat), G. very perspiring copiously.
Mucky, c. dirty, mean, cowardly. Mudder, c., s.w., Mither, Minny, N. mother.
Mug,
c.
a small drinking-pot
mouth.
;
the
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
Muggy
weather,
damp and
c.
misty.
Mug
sheep, c. the white-faced breed from which the improved Leicester breed originated.
Mull, c. to crumble ; anything crumbled. Mull, G. confusion. a mull on 't.'
peat-dust '
;
He meadd
hot.
distinct
low and
to speak
c.
to
;
in-
mumble.
ken yer meanin' by yer mumpin''
Mump,
Mun, G. Munge,
'
to sulk.
c.
I
must. N. to
Moonge,
grumMunjan' and
ble in a low tone. creunan like a bull in a
pet.'
Munnet, Moon't, c., Mooat, Menna, N. must not. Murk, c. See Mirk.
s.w.,
the fingers.
'
crumble with As murly as a short
ceakk.'
Murryneet, Merryneet,
G.,
Tansy,* N.B. a rustic merrymaking to benefit a public-house. c. to crush ; dry refuse or crumbly matter. Mushamer, c. mushroom.
Mush,
Musty,
c.
sour-looking, gloomy.
Mwornin',
c., N.E.,
Morrnin',
s.w. morning.
My
sarty
!
My
sartis
!
exclama-
tions of surprise.
Myter,
c.
the nave of awheel.
hold linen. ' To kirk G., Ner, N. near. the nar, to God more far.' Spenser ; Shepherd's Kalendar,
Nar,
Narder, Nar-er, Nearder, G., and Nerrer, N. nearer, nearest. Nar gangan', c., s.w., Nar gaan, N. near going, miserly.
nervous.
G.
Narvish,
Nash, Nashy,
c., s.w., fragile, brittle, tender.
to crumble or reduce to
decay. Stone which decomposes by the action of the weather myters away.
Nesh, N.
E. filth, nastiness.
nature; human feeling He hes n't or commiseration. a bit o' nater for nowder dog nor man.'
Nater,
G,
'
Natterahle,
N.E. to
c.,
G.
Nag, c., s.w., Naig, N. a horse. Nap, c. a slight blow. Napery, c. the store of house-
Nastment, c.,
'
Murl,
Nav,
July.
Mull't yal, c. ale mulled with eggs and spices to be drunk while
Mummel,
Naff,
6")
c., N.
natural.
Nattle, Knattle, G. to make a He light and quick knocking. knotted at t' window and she gev a knattle on t' flags wid her heel.' '
c. neat.
Natty,
Nayber row, c.,
s.w.,
Nyber row,
neighbourhood; alike with neighbours or others. Nayder dee nor dowe, G. in a N.
doubtful
way
of recovery.
Nayder, Nowder, Nyder, neither.
Nay Nay
say,
o.
Chaucer, nowther. G. refusal, denial.
than! an exclamation of wonder, or doubt, or sympathy. cracks, Nea girt things, s.w. nothing to boast of.
Nea girt c.,
Nea, Neah, c., s.w., Neaa, s.w., Naa, Nee, N. no, nay. If you Near hand, G. near to. gang near hand yon dog it'll '
Nab,
c.
to arrest; to catch sud-
denly.
bite.'
* Sullivan.
Neb,
G.
the bill of a bird
;
6
nose
;
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
G6
peak of a cap projecting hill end, &c. Neck't, c. broken-necked. ;
;
Nedder't, c., Nither't, N. wither-
ed
not in a thriving
;
G.
fire
Need-fire, the friction of
state.
by
originated
wood and
carried quickly from house to house, for the purpose of passing cattle through the smoke as a preventive of murrain and other epidemics. In use so late as about 1841.
Neef,
c.,
Neeaf, s.w., Neeve, N.
the clenched
Neer ak,
fist.
never mind. Eay says, To rack or reck,' to care, e. take you never rack you, no thought or care. In that case it should be ne rack,' never care, never care. o.
'
a
G.
Newdles, Newdlin',
trifling,
silly person.
N e we
s.
,
w. new
quickly nay-oo.
pronounced In some parts
nu.
Nichol,
N.,
c., '
Nicholas.
Nicka',
s.w.
Nicka Stib'nson.'
Nicker, s.w. to laugh in an undertone; N. to neigh; to laugh loudly.
Nick't at heed,
G.
rendered tem-
porarily foolish or idiotic. Niggarts, c., Neegars, N. upright cast-iron plates used for contracting the fire-place; and Niggart plates, sheet-iron plates between the niggarts and the hobs.
*'.
'
c.
bothered, annoyed. a busy, industrious perNigler, son or animal. Niggel't,
c.
c. to walk or ran with short and quick steps.
Ne'er do weel, G. a graceless person who never does well.
Nim,
G. kidneys of beasts. Neest, N. nighest, next.
Ningnang,
Neers,
Neet,
c.,
Neevy nack, casting
a.
a boyish
mode
of
The boy says
lots.
Neevy neevy nock,
T topmer or
t'
silly person. c.
a foolish per-
son.
Nip, G. to pinch with the nails; a minute quantity.
Nip up,
'
Whether hand
a
Ninnyhammer,
N. night.
Neeght,
s.w.,
G.
to pilfer
c.
;
to pick
up
quickly.
will ta tack
lowmer ?'
Nitch, N. gang, family, or set. They're a bad nitch, the heall lot '
'Neeze,
Ner,
o. sneeze.
o'
G. nor, than.
'
My meer
can
trot faster ner thine.'
Niwer G.
G. nestle.
Nessle, till neunn.'
'
Nes'lan* abed
Nettle keall. c. a wholesome broth made with young nettles in place of vegetables.
Neukk,
Nceak,
c., N.,
s.w. nook,
corner.
Neunn,
Neean, s.w. noon,
dinner-time, G.
Nob, Nobby,
Niwer
let wit,
c.
childish terms for
the nose.
Nobbet,
G.
'Nockles,
Noddle,
nothing but
G.
c.
;
only.
knuckles.
the head
;
to nod.
E. a game at cards near akin to cribbage.
c., s.w. a handle to fix on the shaft of a scythe. Noggin, G. the eighth of a quart
Nog, bewildered; con-
fused through excessive drinking.
let on,
take no notice.
Noddy,
c., N.,
Newdel't,
them.'
measure.
,
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. N. coarse thread
Noggy,
maker
wife, a
Nop,
;
Noggy-
to crop; to nip the
c.
Nut
of coarse thread.
ends
o'
to ride a watter on, c. not be depended upon. Some saddle-horses have a propensity to lie down in crossing the water of a ford seemingly with a view to get rid of their riders, or because they are seized with colic and such are not to ride waiter's to
on the head.
to strike
c.
Nope,
' tidy, Ey, a varra noppy laal body.' Norration, G. a noisy conversa-
tion
neat.
c.
;
great noise ; oration. Nottable, G. clever at trifling
'
;
manipulations.
Nought
on.'
Nwote, G. note the period when She'll a cow is due to calve. be up at her nwote at April day.' Our Nwotion, G. notion, idea. ;
at dowe,
c.
not over
good; nothing of importance. See
Dowe.
'
'
Nought
in a
manner,
G.
not
lad hes a nwotion
much. o' t'
swort, G. nothing of not true.
the sort or kind to boast
of.
now and
then.
N. cattle. fodder the nowt,
Nowtfit
'
take
by
re-
boiling.
Nub, Nudge, G. to jog and draw attention.
Nuckel't, Newkel't,
G.
newly
benumbed, clumsy. Num chance, G. luck and not He dud varra weel, bit skill. it was o' num chance.' Num luck, G. by chance and not '
ability.
indifferent
a clumsy person ;
workman.
Nunty,
E.
Nut,
Nit, s.w. not.
formal, old-fashioned, shabby. Applied to female dress only.
i' shaft for, to accomplish it.
c.,
owe,
a blockhead; an idiot.
c.
Some
silly brainless calf,
half,
Says that the fairy
And
took
away
left the aulf, the other.'
Drayton.
Oald,
G.
G.
'
secretly
calved.
Num thooms,
s.w., N. all, of.
That understands things by the
obtained from
by
Aa,
Oa, Oan, c., Aa, s.w., N. own. ' Who oa'a this ?' Oaf,
Tarn, gan' an'
my man.'
oil, G. oil
the feet of cattle
Nut
t'
tail.
0', c.,
Nowt,
c.,
G. to pilfer or
Nyfel,
;
Nowder, Nayder, G. neither. Nows and thans, G. atoddtim.es;
an
gangan' to
to crack on, G. nothing
Nought
by
o'
sea.'
Nought
Num,
Nut
reet,
G. idiotic.
Nut
off gooseberries, &c.
If oppy,
Nut varra
reet,
theer,
c.,
Aad, Aald,
s.w.,
OaT,
Aal', N. old.
Oald bat,
c., N.
the usual state or
condition. fashin't, G., and Oalfarrant, N. sly, sagacious, precocious, oldfashioned.
Oald
Oaldfwok's neet,
c. In the country married people assemble on some appointed evening, soon
after Christmas, at the principal inn in the parish, to partake of a roast beef and sweet pie supper, and to enjoy themselves with dancing, and formerly cards to be succeeded in a night or two by a similar meeting of young people, called the young fwok's ;
s.w.
unable
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
68 met
which consider-
at Loth of
:
able
sums are
spent.
Oaldfwok's Setterday, c. on the first Saturday in the year the country people assemble at their respective woast-houses, or inns, at Keswick the heads of the houses taking their wives, or sometimes a daughter, to dine and make merry in the evening with other friends, for the benefit of the house. ;
Oald man,
a
E.
game among
The
old custom of propitiating good luck by throwing an old shoe after a person or G.
is
wedding-party
still
occasion-
ally in use.
Oald standards, Oan,
own, to
G.
G.
old residents. '
visit.
Ye
niv-
ver oan us now.' 0' as
yan,
G. all
Obstropolus,
c.
the same.
unruly, turbulent,
c. scraps; odds and ends; things worthless, &c.
'What
ods!'
matter
it
Offal,
what
make? what
difference does it
does
for *
fat? G.
uncertain, vacillat-
ing, thereabouts.
to
'
come heamm?'
about
May
Offcome,
When's Jwon '
Off an' on
day.'
Offish, G. office. c. the refuse; the the offscourings. Oft, c. off or farther side. Used in the boundary roll of Aspatria. o'
bing.
Aamas,
.
;
hezzel,
In
alms.
N.
Emmal, '
upon.
N. the elm-tree.
A
morgidge
a house.
sair on-lig on
a
is
a
7
'A
undersized.
laal onderhand creter.'
Ondenner,
G.
the one under the
other.
Onder set, c. to support a wall by building below its foundation. On lig, G. an oppressive and conSee On.
tinuous charge. N. any.
c.,
(Little
used in
' I ons wi' c. puts on. cwoat and off to wark.'
Ons,
my
Onstead, c., N., Onsett, N.K. farmhouse and outbuildings, homestead.
Onta, '
G.
upon, unto, on
Woo',
c., N.,
to.
Ooa, s.w. wool.
Tar-ry woo', tar-ry woo', Tar-ry woo is ill to spin Card it weel, card it weel, Card it weel ere you begin,' &c. Old Song. 1
:
Oomer,
Hoomer,
c.,
N.
shade
;
to
shade. side,
c.,
N. our part of the
country.
Oor wife,
c.,
N.
my
wife.
Seldom
heard.
Offskeum,
Oil
c.,
G.
On,
Oor
c. result.
Off his bat, G. out of health.
worst
Ome,
Oo',
Hes he ofiaFt weel ? Has he cut up well for inside '
Off an' on,
c.
former times a handful of oatmeal or a slice of barley bread ; and in later times a halfpenny or a penny.
?
a butcher's term
G.
wealth.
Om as.
c.)
Odments, G.
ATdas, s.w., Aiilwas, O'geats, x. always.
c.,
Aywas,
Onny,
obstreperous.
Od|s,
Olas,
awk-
s.w.
Aakart,
c., N.,
Onderhand,
schoolboys.
Oald shoe,
Okart, ward.
c.
a sound drub-
Got
!
Hoot
belief.
'
exclamations of unHoot ! it was nea sek !
things.' c. When it was customary for the bowl of poddish to be placed on the table, and the
Got, Out,
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. family to sit around and each use his spoon, a rule prevailed that if any let three drops and a long slatter fall on the board, he was out,' and could not come '
again.
Outtvell, to
F. Q.
elbas, G. in declining circumstances,
not far
N.
c. the marsh mariCaltha palustris. ' Is Oppen, Op'n, Op'm, G. open.
E.
a stranger
Ootfield land, c. land enclosed at a later period than the infield land, and generally inferior. o.
Ootgang,
a narrow strip of
land connecting the common with the farm-yard or village. Ootin', c., N. sure jaunt.
Awtin,
Got liggers,"o.
cattle
s.w.
a plea-
not housed
during winter.
Got
o' cue, c., N. out of health; not in good humour. Got o' geatt, c., N. out of the way ; stand by.
o'
teunn,
G.
partly offended
;
dispirited.
Got
o'
t'
way,
G.,
N.
uncommon,
exorbitant.
Got ower, N.E. across the country. Got powl't, c. beat, defeated. Oot-rake, N.E. a free way or ralw for sheep from the enclosures to the common.
Got ray,
c., N. to exceed proOutrayen, to grow outChaucer, C. T. 8519. rageous.
priety.
Got
winda op'mf
shot,
G.
a projection of an
upper story or window in an old house, or of a wall or fence.
Got
' He's side, G. at the most. nobbet six feutt hee at t' oot side.'
Ootwart,
G.
dissipated, ill-con-
c.,
N. outcasts, refuse.
ducted.
Ootweels,
'
Or, Er, G. are.
Er ye
finely
V
Orchat, c., s.w., Worchat, Applegarth, N. orchard.
off.
Ootener, c., N., and or new-comer.
Spenser,
gold
t'
Got bye,
Got
discharge.
21.
i. 1.
Oppen gowan,
t'
Got at
69
O'riddy,
Aariddy,
c.,
s.w.,
'ruddy, N. already. BrocOrndinner, N. a lunch. kett. Not in use of late years. Orts, Worts, c., Wots, E. the refuse of fodder left by cattle.
on thee. more of the same nature. She fand it varra sweet an' good an O'that.'
O'tha, G. of thee O'that,
;
that
all
c.
;
'
Other-guess, N. of another kind.
Other-some, other.
'
s.w. other,
c.,
Some
flowers
some blue*
is
and other-some yallow.' Ought-like, thing like.
c.
appropriate, any-
Owder, Ayder, Owerance,
G.
G. either.
guidance, govern-
ance, superintendance.
Ower
by, N. over the way.
Owergit, Owertak, Owercassen,
Ower
lap,
c.,
s.w.,
N, overcast.
an encroachment
c.
of a flock or parish on the common of another.
by the sheep
Ower
year, c. second year.
belonging to a
'
You have a
fine
pig there, Betty.' 'Ey, it's a ower year swine. It was seah whiet, poor thing, 'at I pity*t to kill't last year.'
N., Aas, s.w. owns. ows (or ads) tis?' Owsen, G. oxen.
Ows,
Owts, 'an ?
c., N. '
Is
'
it
Is
't
'Who
owts of a good good one ?
a pretty
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
70 This word
is
commonly used as an Hes ta gitten '
interrogatory. oivta
'at is
o.
Oxters,
'
fish
o'
nought
to-day
owf
'
?
or,
Nay,
not many.
ed by the aid of a pan to warm the milk, and a spoon to be fed with. o.
Pang't,
Tuesday o. be off; go away. 'If thou does n't mind thy wark I'll send thee &-packin', an' seunn
Pack,
teah.'
Pack, N. tame
spoken of ani-
mals.
like thunner.'
G.
superseded hy light vehicles. Farmers' wives had many miles
market on pads, in all not go weathers, and could quicker than a horse could walk, lest the eggs were smashed in
to ride to
the basket, or the butter-pounds disfigured in the butter-kits.
Paddick rud or rid, of frogs and toads. Paddock, Paddick, and toad.
N. the
N.
spawn
the frog
steulls, c., N. all
non-
edible fungi.
Pad-saddle, o. a composite article between pad and saddle now out of use.
Pad the Pag't,
hoof, G. to go on foot.
c.
laden, full.
'
Pag't wi'
dirt.'8
G.
Paiks,
a boyish term for a
G. to associate
thrashing.
Pan an'
c.
paltry.
speiinn,
c.
togidder, query,
to pair
G.
a sump.
sounded
Par, c., s.w. pair as in pat.
When a child
or young animal is brought up without being suckled, it is rear-
short,
A
cow c. to diminish. pares in milk when the quantity yielded grows daily less.
Parfet, '
G.,
and
He was
Chaucer, frol. 72.
knight.'
Parlish,
Perfit, N. perfect.
a veray parftt gentil
Parin' speadd,
G.
s.w.
c.,
a breast-plough. wonderful, ex'
traordinary, lous
boy:
shrewd.'
parlous.
go
King
G. peril. ral to strike.'
A
par-
you are too
to,
Rich. III. '
Parral,
It's at te
par-
Parrock, G. a small enclosure near the house a little larger than a Garth and smaller than a Sax.
Parties, c. the globular droppings of sheep.
Pash,
c.,
N.
'wet
as
posh'
A pashan* shower very wet. a heavy and sudden shower. Rotten as push entirely rotten. There is a distinction between apash and a splash of rain. Here's a wet day, John.' Ey, '
'
'
'
'
'
'
E. a register of pains penalties in manorial courts.
Palterly,
;
from cooking in or eating from the same pan.
it
Pain beukk, and
are provided for dinner.
Croft.
Paddock
c. Shrove on which day pancakes
Pare,
a kind of saddle for carrying two. It was made of canvas or carpeting, and used with or without stirrups. Now (1877)
Pad,
;
Pan on wid, Pan on
Pant,
Packs, heavy clouds; thunderclouds. 'T' sky's packy to-day, o.
and
full.
quite
Pankeakk Tuesday,
armpits.
dizzies
an' dozzles
"Will it continue ?'
'
an' duz.'
Nay,
be a bit of a splash, bit n't be a girt push,'
it
may
it
will
In the northN.W. west of the county the open com-
Pasture,
mons were
all
this term,
and the lands since
distinguished
by
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. inclosed from the commons still retain the name. In other parts they were called commons, moors, or fells.
Pat,
G-
correct, suitable.
fit,
patters
and
'It
beat quickly.
o. to
Patter,
rains.'
Patterin hole,
it
c.
descends.
Pattle, c. a scraper for the wooden mouldboard of a plough.
Paw,
c.
the hand '
if dirty.
and especially Keep yer dirty paws
off.'
Paw
N. too familiar
Pawt,
N. to
PaWW,
c.
last
Pay,
walk heavily.
to kick
when '
extremity.
pdww
It'll
in the nivrer
mair.'
to
a.
it
force,
Peakle, c. to tread or walk silently. Peann, c. '0' in a pednn' thick set with weeds, &c. A sheep is o' in a pednn when its fleece is matted or felted with scab. '
G. pierce. It's ' an' cold wind, this !
Pearch,
a pearcJi-
'
com gloppan' and peekan' 'Peel,
Peeal, s.w. appeal. dough or bread-
c., N.,
Peel, G. a baker's spade.
Peenjan', N. starving with cold. 'Peer, G. appear. G.
Peer,
pear
;
N.,
Pee't, G.
Peg,
G.
a
N. poor.
Teufet,
the lap-
c.
having only one eye.
thump ; a
Peg away, Peggy nut,
dyed
child's tooth.
go along; hurry on. c. a boyish game with
G.
nuts.
Peggy white
throat, the willow wrens.
Pegh,
c.,
N. to pant
Pelk, Whelk,
a
eggs at
Peat hee,
c. the height of a peat; about knee height. Peat mull, c., Peat coom, N. the
dust and debris of peats. skeall, s.w. a
house on the
fell to store
peats in. Peazz, c. pace ; a raised approach for horses to an upper floor. c.,
into
ivry corner.'
c.
with a
one of stifled
groan.
G. pert.
Pedder,
how
Peek, c., Peeak, s.w., Peekle, E. He to pry into secret matters.
Pelter,
c.,
c. to beat.
N. a large one.
Easter time.
Peat
see
;
applies to yourself.
wing.
beat
Peass eggs,
Pee, c., s.w. to shut one eye on taking aim. Pee in yer oan pok neukk, c.
Peesweep,
Paze, Baze, o. to prize, or or lift with a lever.
Peart,
'
N. a house of defence in the time of the border wars.
sly.
;
inferior
on a buyer. Do n't ped~ der that rubbish on me.' article
Peel house,
heeds, N.E. tadpoles.
Pawky,
an
to attempt to foist
mind your own business
a deep fissure in the rock at St. Bees head, where a stone thrown in can be heard
pattering as
71
Pether, N. a pedlar;
Pennysom',
G. profitable
by small
items. c., N. stones used in pitching instead of pennies. Pensy, c., N. sickly; of weak
Pennystans,
appetite.
Pentas,
c.,
s.w.
penthouse;
a
roof fixed to the side of a house. Common in the 18th century in farm-yards; scarce in the 19th.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
72
Perlang,
N.
Pestle
tail
de-
hair.
to
G.
Fettle,
handle.
'
a horse's
c.
tail,
nuded of
and having a stave
like a barrel
'Wliee
belong.
perlangs this ?
occupy time over
in, c. to nestle close as pigs ' do. Come, barns, pig in to bee* wi' ya.'
Pig
conical top of a hill ; the peak ; a pillar or high cairn erected on the top or point of a mountain ; a large-sized haycock.
the
G.
Pike,
trifles.
mountain or a privy
c.
Petty,
;
a necessary.
Pewther, K. pewter. dishes and dinner-plates pewter succeeded wooden
Pewder, Large
c.,
of trenchers about the beginning of the 18th century, and were displaced by crockery early in the 19th century.
Fez, Pays,
a, Peeaz, s.w. peas.
Fez scodin', G. Grey peas when young are boiled in the pod and
thrown on a riddle to drain. A cup containing butter is set in the midst, in which each person dips the end of the pod, and strips out the peas between the teeth, and the pods are applied to pelt each other with.
N. pitch ; to lift with a Ned pick't pitchfork ; to push. Joe ower.'
Pick,
c.,
'
Pick, or pitch, dark, G. entirely dark. to invite a quarrel. at, 'They're always pickin' at yan another.' G.
E. a grain of
c.,
corn
;
c.
incompetent, feckless.
Picknichety, N. exact in small matters ; neat in dress. c.
Picks,
diamond
Pile, G. a blade of grass. is n't a pile o' girse on o'
a
'
Theer
t' field.'
c. a white game-fowl having a few black or red feathers.
Piley,
Pilgarlic, c. a simpleton; Peelgarlic, N. a tall, slender, and starved girl.
Pillion seat, G. a seat to fix behind the saddle for a female to ride on. Out of use since about
Pin,
c.
When the ewe gives much
milk the excrement of the young
lamb glues the tail down upon the anus and prevents all discharge. The lamb is then saio be pin't or pinned. Pinchgut, G. a miserly person.
E. of
Piggin,
c.
to hold
c.
Pinch't,
be pinch''t
weak
appetite.
a small wooden pai] about a quart, hooped
falling short, to git it done.'
.
'He'll
t' belly, c. a depressing It is sensation in the bowels. n't t' gripes, it's a pinin'.'
Pinin' in
'
'Pinion tied,
G.
strong in opinion
;
obstinate.
an old name for the suit of cards.
cofe, G. abortion in cows.
t'
Picky,
c.
slanderous mischief-maker.
a
a small quantity.
;
Pickless,
Pick
Pike-thank, Pik-thank,
to
Pick
Pickle, pinch
half-sized haycocks.
c.
1830.
the peony plant.
c.
Fiannet,
Pikelins,
Pinjy,
c.,
Penjy, N. of a com-
plaining habit.
Pinnel, Leek, clay
and
Pinner't, starved.
o.
a hard subsoil of
gravel. c.
shrivelled,
lean,
73
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Pin't into
hard yerth,
t'
o.
Plies, c. the foldings of] garments. put on three ply o' flannin for a sare throat.'
the
'
bare ground. grass eat off to the Pipe stoppel, c. a fragment of the tube of a tobacco-pipe probably a corruption of pipe-stop-
c. the parish and village of Plumbland. Sec a seet as ne'er was seen, Plimlan' church on Arkleby green.*
Plimlan',
per.
pips or seeds of the
o.
Pippin,
We
Old Rhyme.
apple, &c.
Pliwer,
Pissibeds, c. the flowers of the dandelion plant.
Plain as pike staff, tinct and evident.
G.
very
dis-
to trim the sides of a
plot
N.,
c.,
;
N.E. to
of land.
Pled,
to clinch
c.
G.
a line of hay a broad ridge
;
walk heavily. to rivet.
; '
pleaded.
for his
He pled hard
life.'
Pleen, Pleyn, c., jr., Pleean, 8. W. to complain. Gret was the pitee for to here hem pleine.'
G.
Pleezter,
Ch.
more pleased.
Plennets, N.W. abundance. '
a plum.
plough
of,
(Dying
out.)
timber to make a which the lord of the
c.
manor was bound
to allow to his
customary tenant.
ready for cocking Plate,
c.
Plu' bote,
o. plantation.
o.
Plook, G., Pleukk, N. a pimple on the face.
Ploom,
hedge. Plat,
wade through
water.
very small sum.
N. a
Plash,
to
Pledge, N. to plunge ; to wade in
pismires.
Plantin',
c.
thick and thin.
Pissimers, Pissamoors, Pissmndders, c., Pishmidders, N. ants,
Plack,
N. plover.
Plode, Plote,
blunder in his performance. Such mishaps being of frequent occurrence, deterred the youngsters from going out to co' f plu'.' One or two centuries back a '
now the tempest musters,
Heavier
Plu' co'er, c., s.w. the driver of each pair of plough oxen or horses in the last century, usually a lad or stout girl, whose duty it was to steer the animals, to keep them moving steadily, to turn them in at the ends, and to bear patiently the scowls and reproaches, and occasionally the cuffs, of the irritated ploughman, when his want of skill caused a
Down in plennets teems the rain Louder, aye, the whirlblast blus;
ters,
Sweepin' o'er the spacious plain.' Stagg's Return. G. to famish a house or stock a farm.
Plennish,
full
plough-team was called the
'lang ten,' and was made up of ten individuals, viz. two pairs of long-horned oxen, one pair of horses or galloways, a ploughman, a person (often a woman) to hold down the beam, and sometimes an two plu' co'er s eleventh to turn the tough ley furrow behind the plough with a spade. At that period seldom more than one man in a village or hamlet could guide a plough, '
Pleutery, Pluttery, N.E. useless Rid away that things refuse. pleutery, Maggy.' Plezzer, c., s.w., Pleeshur, Pleezer, N., Plizzer, N.W. pleasure. '
;
'
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
74 and
his attainments
were con-
sequently very important. pattle, c. an instrument used to clear the soil from the
Plu'
plough-share.
Plug,
to pluck; to pull.
c.
c. to
Plump,
sink or
fall
'He went plump down
like
a
'
steann.
arr't, Pock fret, c., Pockerr't, N. marked by small-pox.
Pock Pod,
c.
to poke.
C. corrupted from pora coarse earthenware pot a handle on one side. having
ringer
Parridge, Parritch, N. pottage of oatmeal the usual breakfast and supper, with bread and cheese and milk, c., s.w.,
farm-servants over the
of the -
greatest part of the county; and, till lately, of farmers and their families.
Poddish
kite, c. a gluttonous child or youth. ' It's nut t' skin of a clap ceakk 'at'll sarra that
poddish
in the dark
Poppinoddles, c. a boyish term for a summerset. G.
poker. '
'
saturated 0' in a poss with liquid; N. to tread wet ' She was possan' clothes, &c. blankets in a tub.' c.
Poss,
Pot,
c.,
s.w., Pat,
N.
has put;
Pot
boilin' '
'
G.
day,
which broth
the day on
made in the commonly Sunday is
keall pot in country places.
Pote, c., Paat, s.w. to the feet ; pawed.
walk clumsily. a friendly welcome a share of what may happen have been provided for the G. to
Pote,
Pot luck, to to
paw with
G.
family.
Pot
metal,
c.
cast-iron.
See
Kessen metal.
kite.'
'Pode, c., Apod, s.w. uphold. ' Aa'l 'pode ta it's true.'
Podgy,
s.w. to walk as 'popan' and stopanV
Paap,
c.,
did put.
Poddinger,
Poddish,
Pope,
Por,
quickly.
a dot.
c.
Pop,
a short and fat per-
c.
Pottek,
c.
pocket.
Nearly
out
of use.
Potter, Pottle, G. to work without effect.
trifle;
to
son.
Poik,
c.
to
when
steal
playing
at marbles. c. the blossoms of the willow tribe.
Pomes,
Poo, Pooan,
Pooder,
c.,
G. pull, pulling.
Pawwder,
s.w.,
Too-
ther, N. powder.
Pooder,
hurry. in sec a pooder !
Off he went
'
Pool, c., Poo, s.w., Peull, N. a pool or dub. Poor, G. lean ; out of condition applied to live stock. Poo't,
a
'
' the stinks like a pow-cat Phallus impudicus or Stinkhorn. { Powe, G. poll ; the head. Dainty Old powe.' Song. Davy, curly
Powe, <
c.
Pow-cat, c. the foumart ; a fungus which grows in hedges and has a very offensive smell, and
pulled, pull
c.
a sump.
Powe
heads, N.W. tadpoles. ' Power, G. a great deal. It's done him a power o' good.' c., N., Powe, s.w. a pole ; to clip the hair off the head or
Powl,
poll. it.
Powsowdy,
G.
an ale-posset.
75
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Praytha, Pretha,
c.
prithee; pray
thee.
'
c. alarm, flutter. sad pucker.'
Pucker,
In a
dress the
Pucker't, G. drawn together like the mouth of a purse.
Preese, Priss, c. to press ; to imNow mak free and portune. help yer sels.' 'Aa's warn ye we need na preezin'.'
Puddin' pwoke, G. made of a harden bag and a hemp string.'
Preen,
comb and
to
o.
hair.
'
three of a sort.
c.
Prial,
"bread or frizzle sausages,
&c.,
G.
Pricky back,
the stickleback
fish;
Pricky board, N When a person's means of living are exhausted he .
at pricky board.
down
to beat to pilfer.
G. ;
in bargain-
Prin, Preen, N. a pin.
Pruss,
Priss,
Frudge,
Prod,
Prush,
to
c.
A girt fat pult.'
pummel
Pummer,
G.
Pund,
Pawwnd,
c.,
or beat.
anything
large.
s.w.,
Pun, N.
s.w.,
N. to press.
to raise
c.
play among boys, adding their weight one upon another, and all upon the one at the bottom.
up.
G. to
G.
services. us.'
offer;
'He
a
tender of
proffer't
to help
B.W., .Punfaal',
kick with the
K.
foot.
the mepurchase chanical advantage of a lift or He'll nivver git it up, pull. because he can n't git a purchia o.
Purchis,
;
'
at
it.'
a short and thickset
c.
Purdy,
Proffer,
c.,
pinfold.
Punsh,
lever power.
by
a thorn or splinter.
G.
Punder, c. to crowd; to incommodate by crowding. They niwer git a sidement meadd, and still.' they're o' punder't up Pund o' mair weight, c. a rough
Punfoald, o.,
Prod, Proddle, Prowk, G. to poke with the end of a stick, &c. ; to stir
'
'
or thornback
Prize,
woman.
pound.
upon.
Prig, ing
a fat and lazy cat or
c.
Pult,
Pum,
Prickers, G. iron prongs to fix on the front of the grate to toast
is
'
person.
broken- winded
G.
Pursy,
;
asth-
Prog, Proag,
matic. c.
eaten in the
provender to be
field.
Put,
c.
Put on
Proud, G. luxuriant rank vegetation.
applied to
to butt G.
!
to tease
;
with the head.
hurry on ; go quick to take advantage of.
;
Put
out, G. ashamed, troubled, extinguished. Nelly was sair '
Provldance,
c.
a
providing of
victuals, &c.
a very short bluish grass, and difficult to catch with the a Carex. ' Yon field scythe
Pry,
c.
;
grows nought
Pubble, fed
is
'
bit
bent and pry.'
c. plump. Grain well pubble as a partridge.'
put out about
Putten,
G.
it.' '
put.
He's putten his
clogs on.'
Puttin' on,
G.
a temporary sub-
stitute.
Puttin' through, G. severe examination; a righting up.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
76 Put
obliged to use expe-
tnl't, o.
' He's gaily sare putten dients. tul't to git a leevin.' cow, c. a cow given to
Putty
attack people. Pwoke, G. a poke ; a bag. 'Nivexamver buy a pig in a pwoke ine first ; take nothing on trust. '
Pwok
mittens, c. gloves knit without the fingers being divided.
Pwok't, Sheep tainted with rot or consumption often exhibit the symptom of a poke or bag under the jaws. c.
Pwort, N.W.
'Ey, Mary-
port.
pwort.'
a nosegay;
G.
Pwosy,
posy;
a
flower.
Pyannet, Pyat,
Queen
N. the
c.,
peony
plant.
the magpie.
G.
cat, E. a c.
Queerly,
female
rayder
of stone.
Quern, Kern,
The shout
G. to
shout a quern. thank-
of rejoicing or
fulness raised in the field the last of the crop is cut.
when
the early morning search for a hare by the scent of the hounds. Jwon Peel questit a hare up Skiddaw side and pot her off beside t' man.'
Quest,
c.
'
Quilt,
to beat.
c.
Quishin, Whishin,
G.
cushion.
G. receipt or acquitAa'll nit pay without a
'Quittance, '
tance.
Raft, raft
Rag,
of idle habits.
c.
Raffish,
fwok.'
o'
to
G.
the dregs of the
people; rabble.
Rack and manger, rack
and
plenty.
manger
c.
to
to scold;
rate;
reproach. c. hoar-frost.
Rag, Rime, Rageous,
)
N. outrageous.
c.,
Raggabrash,
G.
low people; vaga-
bonds.
Raggelt,
c.
an active young per-
son of bad conduct. raggelt of a thing.'
'
An
ill
nwos'd, c. a sheep having a grey face and a lighter shade of muzzle resembling hoar-frost. These are favourite marks on the Herdwick breed of the county.
Raggy
c. a scurf which collumps among the hair
on the skin of a lean, outlying Raiser, c. an addition to a beehive put in beneath.
Reakk,
Rake,
'He's teann Kendal.'
'He's at ' on
now
a G. a rake
journey.
ower to
c. a mountain track across a steep to follow in line as sheep do. Rakes, c. lines of white foam on lakes often noticed previous to a storm.
Rake,
;
steel, c., s.w., Rake shank, ' But N. the handle of a rake. that tale is not worth a rakeOh. C. T. 6531. stele:
Rake
Rakkeps, c.
'A
a large concourse.
c.
'quittance.'
Babblement,
in-
unruly,
horse.
an ancient hand-mill
G.
rash,
Raff, c. an idle fellow.
lects in
queerly swort of a chap.'
Quern,
c.
cautious.
Rain knots, cat.
'A
odd.
Rackle,
c.
a game
among
boys. '
G. heedless, rash. ! rakel honde, to do so foule a mis.' Chaucer, C. T. 17227.
Rakkle,
Ram,
s.w.
G.,
smell.
'
As ram
a
strong fetid
as a fox.'
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Bam, '
to rush
o.
Earn at
'
it
to use force.
;
Ramman, Rammer, G. A ramman girt an' a very large one. '
'
'
It
is
'
a rammer
Ramniel,
G.
Rammel
!
ramble.
sleatt,
kind of
Rap't,
slate.
c.
Rashleets,
c. a sprain or ' twist ; to sprain. He ramp't his ankle at t' feutt bo' laik.'
Ratch,
wild broad-leaved c. Allium ursinum. Cows occasionally eat of this plant and their milk acquires an onion
Ratch,
Ramps, garlic
flavour. N.
Cowpers
(to
use
their
words), their manners are more ramshackle than the rest of
the Cumbrians.
This form
c.
when
of two
colours.
Randy, c. a termagant. Rank, G. close together; numerAs rank as mice in a meal ous. '
tree, c., Rannel boke, Gaily boke, N. the beam on
Rannel
which the chimney-crook hangs. T' rattans ran on t' rannel tree.' '
Rannigal,
c.,
a masterful
N.
c. riotous ; in high spirits in a towering passion. ,
ho'penny,
c.
a
;
halfpenny
worn smooth a counterfeit. Rap on t' knockles, G. to snub ; ;
Rate, G. to whiten by bleaching on the grass. G. rat.
c. the seed stems of the broad-leaved plantain Plantago major. Rawwl, c. to grumble ; to be
tails,
c., s.w., Rayther, N. rather (ironically, very) ' Rayder ' o' t' wettest very wet.
Rayder,
E. The natural divisions into open parts of Ulswater and other lakes are called reaches.
Reach,
teah, G. a common expression of welcome at the table, signifying help yourself,' or reach to and take.
'
a hen could c.
'
Readd,
c.,
a pet
child.
Reader
;
s.w.,
Reudd, Rwode,
a spawn bed.
reader), the substitute, whose office ceased about 1740. ' The reader of Newlands chapel, who was admitted to deacon's orders (among many others)
(Scripture
without examination, was by trade a tailor, clogger, and butter-print maker.'
to control sharply.
Rap out, o. to speak with rapidity. He rap't out his ugly woaths as unruly
down
unordained clerical
child or animal.
fast as
Reshleets, N.
G. a white streak the face of a horse.
N. rode
Old Song.
Rappak,
c., s.w.,
Reach
kist.'
Rap
a slice of bacon.
quarrelsome.
streaked. is applied to butter
Ranty
rap't
'
Rattan,
rude and
own
Randi't,
is
G. to ramble ; to ransack Jtatchan' about like vigorously. a hungry hound.'
vulgar. An old writer says of the Bworder Rattan (horse)
a ragged sheep
c.
ill-
rushlights.
Ramp, Wramp,
Ramshackle,
a worthless,
fellow.
qy. unwrapped. Rash, c. brisk.
Rasher, a very coarse
c.
G.
Rapscallion,
mannered
to butt.
!
77
t' fire,
for
an
G. to
Southey.
cover
up the
the night.
fire for
Reamm,
pick.'
name
Reakk
c.
to
roam;
to
talk
to covet or desire. ' He's olas reamman efter mair land,'
wildly
;
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
78
c. a balk left for a boundary line in a common field.
Retain,
Bear,
up
c.
rise, raise, rally,
bring
underdone ; nearly raw.
;
Reaw, Ruv, Reawel,
c. tore,
rove, rave.
manner
;
to utter to un-
to entangle untruths ravel the loops of knitting. ;
;
Reazz,
Biz,
Reiizz,
G.
times,
arise,
Wrecklin'
in old smallest of a
the
O.
litter.
riddle com in a ' ' ree-an sieve in a peculiar way, when the chaff collects to the centre of the sieve, and the dust and small seeds of weeds fall to
G.
The winnowing mathrough. chine has set the sieve aside. Ree-a-zan, G.
to
Butchers
strip.
Beed, Bid, Bud, Beedent,
G. red.
c. irritable,
Reed row,
G.
o'
borders.
Beklas,
c.
the auricula plant.
G. to
Benky,
c.
Besait,
G.
melt tallow, &c.
lengthy. a corruption of receipt. Besh, Bus, K. the rush.
G.
field.
Reep np,
G.
to
some unpleasant
refer often
to
subject.
Reest, c., s.w., Reesty, to be obstinate; to arrest. Tetch.
E.
c. at marbles to change position to obtain a better chance of hitting an opponent's taw.'
Resto,
'
Reiidd, c. rode ; rood ; a measure of seven yards in length. Reull, c. an unruly boy, colt, or ox, &c.
unruly Reust,
E. to
c.,
plunge as the
colt does.
E. praised,
to
c.
commended.
work underneath,
Reiitle, or in the ground, as a pig does. '
smoke.
cworn,
Budstowers, Rudsteaks,
the stakes to which cattle are fastened in the stalls.
;
When
a handful of corn in the straw, used as a bait to catch a horse with in the
Reep
on the
robbers
~s.
;
Reutt, c., w., Reeat, s.w. root; Beuttan to uproot grub up.
red-faced.
barley approaches to ripeness the grains are streaked with red, and are then said to be in the reed roiv, and not ripe enough to be cut. G.
G.
Beivers,
Reunge,
s.w. reason.
reed the entrails of slaughtered animals to obtain the fat.
Reek,
a cartwright.
to put things right to give scolding advice.
c.,
G. register.
Redshanks, c. the plant Polygonum Persicaria.
Reed,
;
N.
Beesty,
Bestles, Bidsteakks, Beststaks,
Bedchester,
Bee,
G. right
Bender,
arisen.
Recklin',
Beet,
Beet np,
Ryle, K. to use loose
c.,
talk in a quick
Reestit, c., s.w., rancid or rusty.
N.B.
See
like
an unrung swine.'
to unroof. c., N. reuvvt our haystack.' Tirlt.
Reuw, wind
*T' See
Reiizz, G. arose, raised.
Rice, c., Reyce, N.W. gard.
Rid, Rud,
G. to
See Cock-
uproot trees or
The frequent names and Budding aphouses and fields have
hedges, &c. of Adding plied to
doubtless originated from this. tie, G. riding by turns the horseman dismounting and tying the horse up till the foot-
Ride an'
79
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. man comes up
to take his turn
in the saddle.
Ridsom',
eat
Rudsom',
c.,
E.
ready,
c.
plentiful.
c. disorderly people. They're nought bit riff-raff'
Rift,
Ruff, s.w., Ruft, E. to
c.,
belch
to win a trick with a card.
;
trump
Rig,
ridge.
'The
under him
brast.'
G.
rigge
stede's
Morte
d'Arthur. fur, G. ridge and furrow, as stockings were formerly knit.
Rig and
Rig and
an arable field held in shares which are divided by narrow green lines (ranes), and the intervals usually culreann,
G.
tivated.
an animal with one
G.
Riggelt,
testicle in the loins.
Riggin', G. ridging, ridge. * I diwent ken my oan house Until I see the riggiri on't. Cheese an' breed is my door cheeks,
And
panceakks is the riggirH Old Song.
on't.'
Rig
reapp,
G.
the chain or rope
resting on the cart-saddle; the
back-band. G. to swear ; a reprobate ; a horse of the worst description. ' An oald rip of a horse.'
Rip,
Rip and
tear, c., N. to swear vociferate violently. Ripe, Rype, G. to search by
and
force.
Ripple, Ris'ms,
a slight scratch. G. straws left on
c.
vomit; to
'
Man, how
they dud rive an' eat
' !
Rist, Rust, G. rest, repose.
G.
Roan,
the roe of
fish.
Roantree, Witchwood, mountain ash Pyruz
G.
the
Aucu-
paria.
Rock,
G.
the
distaff.
Rockgairds,
N.W.
escorts
or
guards of the rock. When the custom existed (which fell into disuse about the beginning of
the present century) of the young at each other's houses on winter evenings, with their rocks and spinning-wheels, the young men also went to conduct their favourites home, and to carry their wheels and rocks ; hence Rockgairds. The evenings were enlivened with song and story and other pastimes, and the party refreshed
women meeting
with roast potatoes and butter. any one said she could not sing, the cry arose of preuv! preuv i. e. try try and any attempt was allowed as an exIf
!
!
!
cuse. c., Raak, s.w., Rote, Rat, N. to scratch glass, &c., with a
Roke,
point.
Room, in
t'
c.
instead
room of his
of.
'He com
fadder.'
c., Rawwnd, s.w., Roon', round ; a circuit. Aa've been a lang roond to-day.'
Roond,
'
N.
Roop't, E. hoarse with bawling. c. rough in manner. Roughness, c., s.w. grass left
Roosty, the
stubbles.
ye a
to
a careless and headRive-rags, strong person or child.
Biff-raff, '
G. to tear; voraciously.
c.
expert.
Rife,
Rive,
for
winterage. '
Rist
bit.'
Rit, c., N. to cut the first line of a trench or drain, &c., with a spade ; a cart-rut.
Rough, reet, E. a carpenter who works rough jobs an unskilled ;
one.
Round, ful o'
c.
'
large.
round cwols,
Fetch a truglass.'
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
80
'
Rouser, a largo one. roosan lee at
is
Eowe, c., N. roll. amang plenty.' Rowish,
a
'
He's rowan' s.w.,
Bowk,
the mist of the valley
o.
Ruinate, o'
Rum, rum
rather raw. '
to search.
Aa
rowk't
o'
;
my
G.
'
Rowth
o'
abundance.
N.
c.,
gear.'
Goyster,
Royster,
to
N.
c.,
'Aa'l rozzel Eozzel, c. to beat. thy hack wid an esh stick.'
Eub '
c.,
N. rib.
How's o' at heamm. ?
on at f oald
Eub
t'
'
fiubban'
hat.'
wrang way
o' t'
hair,
c.
When figuratively to irritate. the hair of cats or dogs is rubbed upwards
it
causes angry feelings
in them.
Buck,
c.
G.
a riotous boy. rummage, ransack ; c.
Rump and
G.
stump,
entirely,
completely. G. disturbance.
'They
up a rumpaa.'
Rumplement,
c,
coarse materials
;
disorder. E. a night set apart romping. Rumps, G. a game with marbles.
Rump-neet, for
G.
an
affray;
dis-
turbance.
Run a
rig on, G. to banter ; to In Lancashire, to trot
ridicule. out.
Runbutter, Rumbutter, c. butter and sugar run together with spices and flavoured with rum.
by wives during their confinement and is offered to, and is expected to be partaken The lady who of, by visitors. first cuts into the bowl is predicted to require a similar comIt is eaten
the chief
part;
the
majority.
Ruckle, c. number.
over-
rude,
rumble.
buck,
Rumpshin,
on, c. to continue' as usual.
c.
rather droll.
kick't
Eozzet, N. resin; Eozzel, to heat strongly "before a fire. 'Come in an' rozzel thy shins a hit.'
Eub,
G.
Rummish,
s.w.,
c.,
'He's a
queer.
droll,
Rumpas,
vociferate; to hully.
G. guess-work.
bearing.
Rummel
Rojwth,
to reduce to ruin.
Rumbustical, Eummel,
N. the prolonged roar ' fiowtan' at t' yat.' of the cow.
at
an'.'
plack.' c.,
c.
thoom,
pockets and could n't find ya
Eowt,
Rug
lad.'
Rule N.
'
c. to pull rudely.
Rug, it,
Raaish,
c.,
It's
't.'
a crowd;
a
great
Buckskin, c. riot, disturbance. Qy. from eruption. Bud, Buddie, c. soapy hematite iron ore used for marking sheep. Rue-bargain, G. an agreement cancelled by something given. a frilled See Cranky- sark.
Ruffel't-sark,
c.
shirt.
Ruft, E. the plot of ley ground to be ploughed in the year.
;
pliment. c. a hardy and thickset person or animal. Rung, c., Stap, G. the round step of a ladder or gate.
Runch,
Runner,
G. a
small stream.
Runrig, Runnin' ceawel. Turndale.
Runt, G. an aged ox and low-set man.
;
See
a strong
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. 'Russel, 'Rissel, '
o.
to wrestle.
Santerment,
a difficult breathing. T' ruttle 'a in his throat and he's
Ruttle,
G.
deean.' o., N.
Rwoad,
c.,
riven, torn.
N.
and
s.w. road.
Rwosy,
G.
rosy,
ruddy
;
a
rein; to the rein.
G.
fasten
to
;
the
horse by Ryner, c. a tapering augur. Rype, G. to search to examine ;
under a search-warrant.
Ryse,
brushwood
G.
used in
hedging. Rysel, c. a rollicking child.
Ryve,
devour voraciously;
c. to
G.
Sap, Sappy,
G.
wet, rainy. a simpleton; soft-
a silly person.
G.
Sapskull,
Sap whissle, G. a boy's whistle made from a green branch of
rose.
Ryle, s.w., Reyle, N. to vex annoy.
Ryne,
employ-
trifling
headed.
Rooad,
E.,
G.
ment.
Sap heed,
Ruwen,
81
to tear.
sycamore or willow. Sare, Searr, G. sore 'He's sare worn.'
;
very much.
G., Shnrt, E. a shirt. Strypped hem nakyd to the sarke. Rom. of Bd. Cceur de
Sark, '
'
Lion, 4553.
Sarra, c., Sarr, s.w., Sarve, Serra, N. to bestow alms ; serve. sarten
' Down to t' restored to the original Said of a tumour or
G. certain.
Sarten, '
form. swelling.
G. feeble,
weak-minded, The old meaning was
Sackless, simple.
guiltless.
Sad, G. sodden, pasty, They gev us breed as '
bull
bad. sad as
fiver.'
G. a
Saddan,
sad or bad one.
Safftree, Saughtree, N. a willow.
Sag.
Saggy, Saim, G.
a
'He's Sary, N. poor, pitiable. down i' t' warl noo, sary man.' Sattle, N. a or swab.
Saucer een,
'
;
a settle
and
large
full
G. taste or smell, savour. It teasts oald savvor't.'
Saim't, G. overcome with heat.
Say, '
Sal, G. shall.
Salladin, c. the plant celandine, Chelidonium majus. c.,
Saan't, s.w.,
Sannat, Sanna, N. shall not. Sam-cast, G. two or more ridges ploughed into one. Sampleth, G. a samplar. Sank, c. having sunk.
'An oald Santer, G. saunter. wife santer'= an unauthenticated
N.
o.,
He
the cut of a saw.
G.
Sawgeatt,
lard.
authority,
hes full say ower
influence. o'.'
G. to check ; to restrain. I could n't say him, for he wad
Say, '
n't
be
said.'
Scabble,
c.
to
rough dress building
stones.
Scab't esh, c. an ash-tree having cancerous bark.
Scale dish, Scallion,
Scantish, 1
tradition.
N.
sofa
eyes.
game with marbles.
Sallant, Sal n't,
wooden
Sawer,
See Swag. c.
Sartenty, G. certainty. 'Kay, I could n't say for a sartenty.'
It's
G.
E.
a skimming-dish.
a thick-necked onion. c.
deficient,
scarce.
amak of scantish or scantly. 6
'
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
82
Scar, c., Sker, N. the mark of a healed wound ; a cicatrix. S.
Scrow-mally, Scra-mally,
Scar, c., N. to frighten; scare; the rough gravel and stone beds on the shore of the Solway are
Scrub,
called scare
Scar,
c.
screes.
;
'
shy, wild.
c. a small bundle of stiff birch twigs used for cleaning the inside of the porridge-pan.
the head.
c.
Scop,
a. to hit.
Scop,
Spink,
the shade. c.,
s.w.,
Flecky
Scap,
s.w.,
c.,
Scumfish, c. to defeat a person or party discomfit. Scunner, E. to disdain. to make short Scut, c. scud runs. He can scut and run ;
N.
the
;
scalp.
'
Scopperel, GK in veterinary surgery a seton. thin of soil as on the edge of a brow.
Scopy,
an old word meaning
E.
Scug,
flocker, N. the chaffinch.
Scope,
Equisetitm
used for horse-tail plant scrubbing or polishing fire-irons, &c.
or
cowt's
parlish scar.'
Sconce,
the
E.
Scrub-grass,
Your
N. to
scramble.
o.
G.
Scotty kye,
is
usual
Scotch cattle or
cows,
G.
Scour,
G.
a
violent
purging. a tin
c.
something
to scowp to spare.
s.w. the
Scram, c., bacon or
on
hard rind of
c.
c.
of a hair or
c.,
s.w.,
Cutty, N. short. '
rain't
o'
A
Friday.'
belief
hardly extinct. Seag, N. the Iris pseudacorus See Mechin and Segplant. gin.
Seah,
scramble.
an iron
tail
It's Seaff, G. safe, sure, certain. seaff to rain o' Sunday, 'cause it
;
'
his dinner.'
Scutter, c. a bustling run without much speed.
cheese.
Scrammel, Scrapple,
or iron dish
Summat
'
scope.
til
the
rabbit.
Scutty,
Scout, Scowp,
gaily fast
Scut,
scraper.
the
s.w.
haww
'
Leeaksta swarman' wi'
sea.
seah'a
t'
gulls.'
Scrat, c., s.w., Scart, N. scratch; the itch a saving industrious person ; a female hermaphrodite ;
Scree, c., s.w. the running debris on the side of a mountain.
Seall co'er, c., Seall orier, N. an auctioneer. Within the present century it was customary for the parish clerk to announce to the congregation in the churchyard, after service, the sales to be held shortly and also to offer rewards for the recpvery of stolen goods or stray cattle, and other notices. I' th' kurk garth the clark co'cZ a sea//.' Anderson. ;
Scrimpy,
c.
pinched, mean.
Scroby,
c.
mean, niggardly.
Scrogs,
G.
stunted bushes.
Scroo,
c.
a slide; the See Skurl.
sliding.
Scrowe,
c.
act
'
of
disorder, confusion, untidiness. Her house was in sec a scrowe as thou niwer saw.'
Sea-mo, '
G.
the gull.
Sea-mo, sea-mo, sits on t' sand ; Theer niver good weather when thou's on
t'
land.'
Seap't sark, G. the best
Sunday
83
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY Down to the beginning of the present century common wearing things were washed with the dung of hens or pigs in lieu of soap. shirt.
c.
Seatt,
ley &c.
the summit
Sedw
/Seafoller,
contrivance for a save-all
a
c.
o',
Bram-
as,
eaallan,
sedtt,
utilising candle-ends
;
like.
Seckin',
Selt-
'
cloth
of
which sacks are made. See, G. to to
visit.
You mun
co'
when you come our
us
see
'
way.'
Seeah
see
c.
!
s.w.
Seeal,
hand and Seed,
you
!
attend.
seeal.'
saw
c., N.
did
;
see.
eegh, N. sigh.
;
ST.
'
to bring.
Seek
the kye heamm.'
Seek wife,
G.
a
woman
confined
in child-bed.
K, Saugh, N. the willow. She 'Seem, c. become or beseem. '
does n't seem her !
Sista,
new
G.
s.w.,
c.,
look
seest
!
c.,
Seeav,
Rus, Rusk,
N,
c., s.w., Sin, Seyn, Syne, Sin-syne, N. since. Sennat, c. seven night ; a week.
Sen,
G.,
markable. Ey, day.' '
'
Sarioms, s.w. reIt's a serious fine
it's
sarious het.'
to appoint ; to fix ; to to plant; to equal; to escort; If Set a day.'
Set,
G.
'
'
accompany. he can n't bang thee he can
The cut
set
of a potato to be
planted. ' She Set, G. to suffer or allow. fell asleep and set t' fire out.' It was sa Set, G. to nauseate. a dog.' nasty, it was fit to set Set a feass, c. to grin or distort At rustic the countenance. is occasionally sports a prize sets the given to the person who
face through the in a opening of a horse-collar, as
picture-frame.
s.w.,
the rush.
G.
held in esteem.
'
He's
girtly set by hereaway.'
'She Set down, c. a rebuke. gave him a good set doivn.' Set'lins, G. -sediment.
He set Set on, G. to employ. me on to work in t' garden.' Seton, c. a foreign substance inserted in the dewlap of a cow to cause a discharge of matter.
N.
Set pot, G. a boiler set or fixed not movable on the fire.
Rssh,
Set tail't horse, Cock tail't horse, The fashion was, about 1800 G.
Seeghty,
sighty, far-seeing, prudent.
Seeve,
1
'
cap.'
Seeter, c., s.w. a worn or frayed place in a garment.
Seety,
'
'
Set by,
Seel,
Seesta thou!
c. the contrary of gentle. Gentle and semple in station and degree, are the people of quality and the commonalty, Sen the cat out, Sen', N. send. '
most unseemly
Seein' glass, N. a mirror. G. sick
See Mechin.
c., N.
'
Seed hopper, c. the "basket from which com is sown. Seed sheet, c. the sheet from which corn is sown.
Seek,
a callosity on the a castrated bull.
Semple,
thee.'
'Onder his
seal.
;
Selt, G. sold.
Serious,
!
hempen
G.
'
such.
c. is
Seggin,
foot
hizzy.'
such
G.
See-like,
Seccan, Siccan, kan a fellow he
s.w.
c.,
hand or
;
a niggardly person.
Sec, o. such.
Seg,
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
84
and previously, to divide the under ligaments of the horse's tail, and to suspend the tail by pulleys and weights till the wounds healed and the tail had acquired an elevated and permanent set. Some had the ears of their horses cropped as well. Both acts of great cruelty.
Setten,
c.
'
com-
appointed,
set,
menced.
Tommy's
setten
up
To shanyle a dog is to c. fasten a tin can to its tail and let
Shangle,
him go. Shank pan,
c., N. a small pan having a long handle.
Shanknm naggy, '
He
rides c.
Shap, '
How
Shanky
nag-gum, the legs
G.
on
;
foot.
on shankum naggum.' to
offer;
does he shap
set
about.
s.w.,
Shep,
?
'
shopkeepin'.' Settle,
G.
wooden
a
sofa having
a box below the seat. Settle-stearins, c., N. the stones in a cow-house.
Seunn and syne,
G.
curb-
off, G. to sneak leave in disgrace.
away; to
Sharp,
Shaugh, N.W. an ex-
c.,
denoting
contempt.
Sheaff, c., Shceaf, s.w. a sheaf to bind a sheaf.
Shaff,
;
a Spaffles, c. weak-legged creature.
Snaffles,
Shagrag,
c.
a
washy
mean person
;
a
'
c.,
Shek a
Shek, N. shake.
leg.'
N. to dance.
Shakky down, bed on the
a
c.
makeshift
floor.
Shaktly,
c.
N.
c.,
shaken
;
c.,
shame.
G. coarse flour
c.,
shook,
of loose con-
s.w.
Shem,
N.,
an ex-
Sheamm,
containing
bran.
Sharp set'n, c. very hungry. Shawins, c., Sheawins, Shevvins,
jr.
shavings.
Shaw, Scaw,
G.
a natural copse
of wood. c., Shammel, N. to walk in a shuffling manner. He's a
Shawle,
'
thing Shear, G. to reap with the sickle. Shearr,
ill-geattit
c., s.w.,
c.
a
Shwor,
!
N. reaped.
contraction of
ma-
Shellcock, Stormoock, c., Shillapple, N. the missel thrush.
pression of contempt.
Sham,
Sharps,
chine.
struction.
Shally wally!
' !
Sharpin' corn, Smith corn, TTE. corn given to smiths for sharping the plough-irons formerly.
'Sheen,
Shaks, c. 'Nea girt shahs' nothing to boast of. Shak't, Sheakk, shaken, shake it.
'Be
active.
quick,
shdwwlan
s.w.,
grain
;
'
vagabond.
Shak,
G.
sharp, lads
c., Sheckle, N. the iron (formerly a willow) ring which slides upon the cow's restle.
pression
Shaply, c. well-proportioned; of good appearance. Shaps, G. very light grain only in shape.
Shackle,
Shaf!
Sheapp,
c.,
N. shape.
soon and
late.
Shah
Shap,
G.
Shelly,
c.
an animal thinly made.
Shelvins, Skelvins, c., s.w. Shilvins, Skilvins, Skilbins, N. board or frames to raise the cartsides with.
Shepherd's book, c., E., s.w. a book wherein the marks of each owner's flock are pictured and
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. recorded for identifying strays at the annual Shepherd's feasts. c., N.
Shift, Skift,
to remove.
;
to unshell
Shillies, c., Shilla, s.w., Shellies, N. shore-gravel. c.
hesitating,
up a
disturbance.
G.
'
Short,
Catty,
;
game.
Shup'm, s.w. a cow-
house.
Shirk, G. a slippery character ; to He'll shirk a hard job avoid. if he can.'
Shoe-buckles, G. large silver or other buckles worn on the shoes about 1800. Shoeless horse, Unshoe the horse, I have heard the Botrychium c. Lunaria plant so called. W.D. G. to
Shog,
gan' wi'
Shog bog, Shoo
a shaking bog.
G.
Hishoo
!
'He's shog-
shake.
fat."
to
forcibly
G.
!
terms used
drive away fowls. drive away.
to
Aschewde, Boucher.
Shooar,
dawwn
s.w. to
shore.
t'
'Let's
ga
shooar an' hev a
dook.'
Shooder spaw,
N.
the shoulder-
Shooder spole, c., N.,
Shool web,
;
G. rich fruit cake.
lisps.
Shot,
G.
Shot,
G.
an
a half-grown swine. the share of the bill at
inn.
Shot, G. quit
Hey ho we
;
rid of.
on her Buried his wife and danc't atop on her.' Old Song. Shot ice, c. ice frozen on a road or on the surface of the ground. fairly shot
!
!
Shot sheep or cattle, Shots, the refuse worst.
Shottelt,
;
the leavings
N.
warped
;
;
G.
the
out of
truth.
Shrumps, Shudder,
c.
shrimps. to shiver decline in markets. c.
;
a sudden
Shuffle, Shuffle and cut, a, s.w. steps in old-fashioned dancing.
Shuggy,
N. a swing.
Shun,
Shoon,
c.,
N. shoes.
of cordewaine.' 13662.
'
Shoon
Chaucer, C. T.
G. a violent purging. Shut, G. to shoot ; to discard the worst of sheep or cattle from a
Shut,
blade.
Shool,
cake
rich
ping used in pastry. Short tongue't, G. said of one
'
slaty debris.
N.
Shwort,
Short'nin', E. butter, fat, or drip-
'
c.
sole.
peevish.
who
Shivver,
Seer,
s.w.,
s.w., a like
Short ceakk, c., N.,
s.w. a boyish game also the crook-ended stick used in the
Shippen,
c.,
crumbly
Kick
shindy.'
Shinny, Scabskew,
the
Shoot, C.,N., Shawwt, s.w. shout; to cry out ; to call. Shorpen, E. to shrivel leather or other substances by heat.
trifling.
Shindy,
N.
;
cold, chill.
S hilly shally,
s.w..
Choop,
c.,
fruit of the wild rose.
Shoor, c., Seur, Seurr, N. sure. Shoo swol, c. shoe
Shifty, G. apt at contrivance. Shill, G. to shell out
Snoop,
85
c.
a shoulder-slip.
Shooal, s.w. shovel. N.
shovel or spade.
the
blade of a
drove. c. shot. 8/mtten a hare.'
Shutten,
'
Yon
fellow's
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Shyve, c., N., Slysh, s.w. a slice. Cut thy sel a shyve o' cheese an' breed an' eat it as thou '
gangs.' Sib, N. akin. '
He's
s.w. Sheers,
c.,
IT.
scis-
sors.
Side,
to decide
c.
;
the slope of a
to set
sloping land.
G.
Side-bank,
Side-boards,
sides of carts.
putting of things to their places. 'We nobbet skiftit here this week an' hes n't gitten a aidement yet.'
Side up,
G. a
to put things to their
G.
places.
Sidins, Sydlins, x. in the neigh-
bourhood.
'
He's geann to
t'
aidins o' Caarel.' G. a great number or ' Theer was a sight o' quantity. fwok at Eosley fair.'
Sight,
Sile trees, N. the timber roofblades of a thatched clay house.
The lower ends were placed on a dwarf wall, and being of curved oak the upper ends met at the and when erected they
ridge,
resembled a
of
pair
whale's
'
Sitten, G. sat. efterneunn.'
Sitten in,
She'd Bitten in
set
c. '
washe
Fairly
.
;
o' t'
long un-
sitten
in wi
s.w. sillily, foolishly.
c.,
Siller, N. silver.
Sillican, G. a simpleton. N.
He's man.'
Simmon't,
G.
down, '
c.
Skale, G. to spread about. Skarn, c., Sharn, s.w., Skairn, Shairn, N. fresh cow-dung. Skeall, G. a scale ; a shed or building on the fell.
Skeapp
yal.'
greass,
a
c.
graceless
fellow.
Skeatt, c. the skate-fish. Skeel, N. a large water-kit.
Skeery, Skell,
c.
Skary, N. wild, feary. ' Borrowdale nuts shell.
G.,
hes thin
shells.'
c. a fish found in sometimes called the freshwater herring Corregonus fera of Cuvier. Skelp, c., N. to whip or beat ; to
Skelly, Shelly,
it
'
He
skelp't
ower
dykes and sowes like a greyhound.'
t'
mad
a large one. a long seat used in
G.
G.
a farmer's kitchen.
drink after
to
An' sind
good strang
See Shinny.
c.
Skaitch, c. to "beat or thrash with a stick or rod.
Skemmel,
cemented.
Sin, N. since.
eating.
Skabscew,
Skelper,
summer.
N.
Sitten to t' bottom, G. burnt in the pan.
leap or run.
term of sympathy. nobbet hed peer luck, a
silly
Simmer,
Sitten land, c. grass land where the soil is stiff and unproductive
Ulswater
jaws. Sillaly,
Sind
!
through want of cultivation.
movable boards
G.
up on the
Sidement,
'
Sista, c., s.w., Seesta, N. look see thou seest thou !
dirt.'
hill.
Silly,
a seedling
sapling;
'Not often used.
ir.
Bidders,
N.
tree.
!
careful, safe, reliable. a varra sicker body.'
Sicker,
Siplin',
down
Old Song.
wi'
Sken, s.w. to squint. Skep, N. a basket made of straw or rushes
;
a beehive.
Skerr, N. a precipice.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. a
N.
Skeybel,
akraffle
good-for-nothing
87
for a leevin', an' he an' disputes wid ivry an' mair ner o' tudder he skraffelt ower t' wo' an'
skraffles
person.
Skiander, to scold
c., s.w.,
to
off
Shiar, N. to skim
from the
;
settlings.
thin, slender.
Skidy,
c.
Skift,
c.,
Skrapple, Corlak, Cwol skrat, Colc., Cowrak, Colrak, s.w., rake, N. a tool to scrape with ;
to shift;
s.w.
;
yance brak our worchat.'
blow up.
to
Skiar,
pour
body
to reproach severely;
c. ;
a coal-rake.
to re-
move.
a narrow strip of cloth N. a long and &c. monotonous harangue. c.
Skreed, or
Skilly, N. skilful ; having skill. 'He's gay an' skilly at his trade.'
Skipjack, c., N. threast-hone of the goose a dandified fellow. Skire, c. to skim.
land,
Skreen,
Settle, N.
c.,
wooden
a
sofa.
;
Skirl, G. to screech.
force
to
;
punish
c.,
N.
day,
E.
Skrike,
screech or
to
scream.
Skrike
N. to dis-
Shivver,
c.,
by
perse
;
diarrhoea in calves, &c.
c.
Skiwer,
'
sent he went.'
Skit, G. to asperse by inuendo to cast reflections upon.
Skite,
Skribe, o. to write ; to subscribe. I niver hed t' skribe't of a pen
o'
Skrimmish,
Skrnmmidge,
c., N.,
scrimmage.
N. skirmish,
;
break of day.
debris.
Skoald, c., Skaald, Skaal, N. scold. Skode,
s.w., Skole,
Skaad,
c.,
s.w.,
N.
to
scald.
the skin c. scalder; frayed with heat and friction during violent exercise.
Skoder,
Skoggers, wore for
footless
c.
stockings
sleeves.
c. very slender and bare, especially about the head and neck chiefly applied to shortwoolled sheep. Skons, N. scones, barley cakes.
Skonky,
Skrim'py, Skrowe,
the neck.
Skruffle, G. a fight in a crowd. 'A Skrunty, G. dwarfish. one far worn. skrunty besom '
find
o., N.,
Skawer,
s.w. scour,
cleanse.
Skowder,
c. c.
Skraffle, struggle.
c.
descry '
out.
makkan
off
to discover
;
Jemmy
wid
skry't
;
'am
his plunder.'
Skuff, Cuff, c., K. the hind part of the neck.
Skufter, G. hurry. sek a skufter 'at he
disorder. to scramble, dispute, He's hed a sare
N. dis-
Skruffins, N. scrapings from a pan in which sowens have been Ruffians. Srockett. boiled.
'Skry,
Skoor,
Skrowmally, riot.
N. to sqiieeze; to rub hard as in scouring. Skruf o' t' neck, G. the nape of
;
a girdle cake in baking.
mean;
scanty,
Skrudge,
take great effect
to
c.
c.,
turbance,
upon to bring down quickly. 'Ned went a shuttin' an' he skooder't them down.' N. to burn
Skooder,
G.
pinched hospitality.
'
He com
fell
in
and brak
his shins.'
Skumfish,
'
,
down
;
G.
to
disable
;
suffocate, discomfit.
put
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
88
c. a rubble quoin. Skurl, Q., Sliar, N. to slide on the ice in clogs.
Skunsh,
Skurrick, Skuddick, Skollick, c. used to denote something of the very lowest value. Nay, I'll nut give a skurrick mair.'
G. guilty of pilout fering apt to let things fall of hand.
Slape finger't, ;
Slape guttit, G. subject to attacks of diarrhoea.
'
Skurry,
c.
bustling hurry.
Skybel,
N.
a lazy fellow
an oak
;
A
horse is slape G. shod when his shoes are worn smooth.
Slape shod,
G.
Slapper,
something
large.
A
girt slapper.'
twig.
Skyfa,
Scrimpy, of pinched
c.,
a shallow
dell.
Slack, a. slow, loose, hollow; not filled. 'Slack at a pinch' giving way when most needed. Slafter,
Slaghter,
s.w.,
c., ;
heall year.' s.w. to loiter; to N. to scatter.
c., ;
be
Slagger, s.w. applied to a soft sandy place or other soft substance.
Slain,
s.w. blighted.
c.,
c.
Slaister,
to cut
'He gat a
figure.
when he fought Slake,
to
c.
slightly
Slam,
up
to dis-
slaisterin'
bedaub
a slight rubbing. to win the rubber at
;
c.
whist before the adversaries make a score to win all the tricks. ;
Slant,
G.,
Slent, N. to teU un-
truths.
Slap, G. to beat with the open hand.
Slape,
o.
slit, split.
Slatch,
E.
a lazy vagabond;
a
term of reproach. Slatter,
G.
weather
' !
'
to spill. Slattenj Ey, slushy, varra.' '
Slatter (long).
Slawer,
G.,
See Out.
Slewer, N.
saliva.
Sleaa tree, s.w.,
Slea tree, c., Slee tree, N. the
Slea worm,
c.,
sloe-tree.
Sleaa
N.,
s.w. 'the so-called blind
worm, worm,
slo-worm.
Sleakk, N. to quench; to abate. Sleatt, G., Skleatt, N. slate. Sleek, G. small coal; to slack lime, &c.
;
wi' Jock.'
besmear;
Slat, G.
N.
slaughter the aggregate of the hides and skins taken off in one ' Tanner Tom's establishment. bought Butcher Bob slafter for a
Slagger, untidy
N. to be
to saunter.
c.
Slashy, Clashy, G. wet and dirty.
Slaa, S.w. slow. a.
Slare,
careless.
pattern.
Slack,
'He's
not to be relied on. nobbet a slape clogs.'
is
N. to loathe.
Skunner,
Sleek trough,
Sledder geggin,
Slape-clogs, o. one whose
word
blacksmith's
c.
a sauntering
slovenly person.
Sledder, Sledge, saunter ; to walk
c.,
N.E.
to
lazily.
Slem, c., s.w. to slight ; to perform carelessly. Slew, c. to turn partly round. Slew that kist round a bit.' '
c. partly intoxicated. Slidder, c. to slip down to some the sliding of wet distance;
Slew't, slippery.
G. a
cooling trough. Sled, G. a sledge.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. And
'
earth.
the
way
drunken
to a
man
Chaucer.
is slider.'
Sling, G. to move by long and He slings ower t' steady strides. grand at a girt rate.'
89
Slotch, c. to walk heavily as a cart-horse does. c.
Slowdy,
untidy.
'
Slinge,
Slink, Slank, N.
c.,
walk away Slink cofe,
c.
a cast
to slide
o.
Slip,
to
abjectly.
and quietly. some watter,
calf.
Slip lass.'
o., K. to unreof a building ; abscond; an old-fashioned desk having a sloping lid.
Slipe, to
Slipe, '
convey away ; to steal. they hev n't slipe't geese ageann c.
Cush
my Slipe,
to
!
if
'
!
c.,
Sleype, N.W. to sweep
off hastily.
Slitch, s.w. the mud of an estuary ; silt.
on wet
'He
weep with many an' yool't
slobber't
He
ran
down
c., N. to whip ; the sound ' of a hearty kiss. Wi' kisses et soundit like t' sneck of a yat.'
Smack,
Anderson. '
G. to break. to atoms.'
Smash,
G.
He smash't
anything large and
powerful. G. a smattering. 'He'd a smatch of o' things and was
slack lime.
hawns (hands)
An' gayly ill to slokken, Fell tea wi' poddingers an' cans An' few*t weel to git drukken.'
Mark
Lonsdales
'
mire.
Slorp, N. the noise
made
in sup-
ping with a spoon, or in carelessly drinking from a glass, and drawing in air at the same time. c. a door-bolt or a wooden cross-bar a quarryman's term for a wedge-shaped block of stone in situ ; a drainer's term for a fall of earth from the side
Slot,
;
of his drain.
Smeeth, c., Smee, N. smooth. Smell a rat, G. to suspect. Smit, c., Ruddle, s.w. the coloured mark of ownery put upon sheep. c.
Smithers, '
It
was
o'
small
brokken
fragments. to smithers.'
Upshot.'
Slodder, Sladder, Sladderment, filth,
clever at nin.'
Smeer, Smeur, w. to anoint, besmear, smother.
T th' chimlay neuk some gay good
mud,
'
G. quick.
like smack.'
Smatch, to
c.
like a barn.'
C.
Smack,
Smasher,
Slocken, G. to quench thirst; to '
'
on the shores
ground. tears.
soft
Slur, G. to do things ineffectively to slur them ower.' Slush, G. slops; thin mud; snow broth ; a dirty person.
it
Slither, K. to slip or slide
Slobber,
while growing.
Slowpy, c. sloppy, muddy; as mud.
to go quickly away for
; '
soft and weak straw which has been laid or lodged G.
Slowmy,
'
It's Smittle, G. infectious, sure. as smittle as t' scab.' Yon whin bed's varra smittle for hoddin' a '
hare.'
Smoot,
c.,
Smute,
s.w.,
Smoot
hole, N. a hole to creep through the act of creeping through a ;
hole.
'
Smudder,
A hare c.,
N. smother.
smoot.'
Smoor,
G.,
Smeur,
A number of sheep
were smothered in the snow on the 26th May, 1860, and a tup was released from a drift at Gow-
barrow
with,
in
maggots
his
back.
said to eat sneck hay,
it is
smart
c.
;
tidily
dressed.
smooth
c.
Smuly,
spoken but
funny and somewhat
G.
Smutty,
'
indelicate. stwories an'
He
telt sly
smutty
meadd them o' laugh.'
Snack, G. a lunch ; a short meal. Five mealls a day and a snack Borrowdale at gangan' to bed. '
letter.
we win
snacks if
'We'll
shares.
G.
Snacks,
ga'
ought.'
Snaffles, Spaffles, G. a healthy person.
Snaf Ian',
weak but
sneers efter
brokken
a gingerbread cake about the size of a crown piece. G. to curb, restrain,
snub.
taty tops gat a snapin' wi'
frost.'
to hit the Snapper, with the toe in walking. c.
c.
Snappy, Snar,
E.
short-tempered.
cross-tempered, unsoci-
able, currish.
Snar, Snarl,
G.
a latch;
a hitch or
c.
Snecket, N. the latch-string. c.
When
a horse stands tied outside a door
hunger.
Ey, as
Snerls,
c. nostrils.
Snerp,
c.,
snell as
a
Snarl, a. a snare.
Snerp't, c., Snarl't, G. caught in a snare ; tightened, contracted.
Snerp up, c. to draw together like the mouth of a purse. with
G.
Snew,
laughter
c., N.,
Snaat, s.w. snowed.
Sneyp, merbleat. c.
uneven
Ham-
See
K.W. snipe.
Snick,
suppressed
difficulty is snertan'.
to clip a sheep, &c., in ridges.
Snifter, snifter'
inhale
to
c.
sharply In a as quickly done as a the
'
nostrils.
snifter.
SnigVG. to drag timber by horse and chain to lop the branches ;
off fallen timber.
face.
blow the nose. Sax. 'He snitit his nwose wid his finger and tjioom.'
Snite, E. to
Sno-broth, a
covetous person. Formerly one who draws the string and lifts the latch of the door and enters without ceremony.
Sneck hay,
'
stepmother's breath.'
white streak down the
stop.
Sneck drawer,
wind is a Here a sharp mwor-
'
Snip feasst, Snip't, o. having a
G. snare.
Snarl knot, G. a knot that cannot be drawn loose. Sneck,
windit.'
nin', John.'
through
ground
'
If a horse he coughs he's nut
Snell, N. a sharp biting
trees.
G.
are not admitted.
snort.
G.
Snert,
G. trifling.
Snags, c. projecting ends where branches have been cut off
Our
who
suitors
snell blast.
Anderson.
Snape,
e.
Sneck posset, G. a disappointment commonly applied to Sneer,
deceptive.
Snap,
i.
hunger.
Smug, Smush,
'
'
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
90
N., c., s.w. half-dissolved
Snaa-broth, snow. '
Snod,
G.
smooth, velvety. snod as a mowdywarp.'
Snoot band,
c.,
Neb-plate,
As ST.
the iron plate on the toe of a clog.
Snooze, Snoozle, half-sleeping.
c.,
Snews,
N.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Snork,
c. to noisily
inhale through
Snot, &. the thick the nose.
Snotter,
Snotter an' yool cry.
"blubber.
blubber and
'He's a laal
work with
to
c.
snout as a pig or a mole does
the ;
to
an underhand way.
act in
c., s.w., Sneevel, N. to speak through the nose. Snuffles, G. a cold affecting the
nasal organs.
drawn
c.
Saa, s.w., w. to
Sobby, Soddy, Soggy, and heavy as a sod.
c.
sow
bulky
a ploughshare.
G.
Softish, Softly, G. a term of comsoftish mwornin'.' parison. '
'
Ey,
it
A
rayder weets.'
Soft soder, G. flattery. to feed cattle, &c., on green food in the houses in
Soil, G.
summer. an occasional substitute
Solid, G.
for solemn.
Sonks,
used instead of
turves
N.
and girthed with hay-
saddles,
Sonsy,
G.
full,
stout
generous.
and heavy;
plump. Soo, c., Sough, N. the distant sighing or surging of the wind or sea. c., s.w. so ; be quiet ; let alone. This word is often doubled, as, soou sooa !
Sooa,
in a chain, commonly termed a pair
Sooals, of
c.
a
Soon',
c. a pliant and knotted West Indian walking-
stick.
Sooren,
swivel joint
become sour;
to
c.
Soor dockin',
Rumex
wild sorrel
a.
ascttosa.
Soor milk, c., N., Sawwer milk, Chern't milk, s.w. butter-milk.
weeds or body of blacklead
s.w. a tuft of
c.,
fec.
grass,
;
a
in situ.
Sop, Boss, c., Waze, Weeze, N. a milkmaid's cushion for the head. Sose, Saas, ence.
N.
Sositer,
Saasiter,
c.,
sauce, impertinN.
s.w.,
sausage. c., N. to plunge into water ; He fell wid a to fall heavily. soss like a wet seek.'
Soss,
'
Sotter, G. the noise or sound of boiling pottage, &c. Souse, G. to wet a person copiously.
something very sour.
c.
Souse, '
bands.
Sonsy, N. lucky,
s.w.,
Soop, c., Soup, N. to sweep. Soo pie, c., N. supple, flexible; the second half of a flail.
Sop,
So, c., So, corn, &c.
Sawwnd,
,
together;
shrunk.
Sock,
Soond, c
leaven.
Snuffle,
Snurl't,
pottage of
Soopple jack,
snotty cur of a fellow.'
Snowk,
sowens;
N. sound.
'
mean.
G.
mucous from to
JT.
c.,
'
Snotty,
G.
Sooins,
oatmeal dust.
the nose.
Sour as
souse.'
[/Souse is brine, soused gurnet, i. e. gurnet (Halliwell).
Hence
pickle.
pickled
c. a mixSec ture by a bungling cook. Old a sowder Betty meidd.'
Sowder, Sowderment,
'
Song. c., Seugh, jr., Poo', s.w. a wide and watery ditch.
Sowe,
Sowpy, Sowt, and
c., JT. soft,
G.
spongy, watery.
the joint-ill in
calves.
lambs
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
92
Sowt, Soght, N. sought, brought. Jimmy's soght the keye heamm.' N. Spak, Speakk, c., s.w., Spok, '
spoke, spake. c., N. to leap
Spang,
'
a shoe, &c. Spetch, e. a patch on
Speyther wob,. ;
to spring
;
to span.
G.
cards.
blotched.
o.
A spantft
'
a hawker of ginger-
bread, &c. c. spigot.
Spiddick,
suit of
the spade
c.
Spangles,
the spider's
N.
web.
Spice wife, N.
Spanghue, c., Spangwhew, to pitch up violently.
Spang't,
of work, &c. Spell, G. a turn Let's tak a spell at kernin'.'
Spile, c. the vent-peg of a cask
;
a stake.
cow.'
a tall and active a fast-going
G.
Spanker,
young
person;
horse. c.
Spankin',
never having been used. Spare rib, G. the vertebrae and c.
ribs of pork.
Spatterdashes, Spats, Splatterdashes, c. gaiters. trench of one Speaddin', c. a
greedy, stingy.
See Scop.
Spink.
spinnellari (shoot).
'Our wheat's up and gaan to shut
E.
Spirin',
'
piercing, penetrating.
Applied to a cold and rainless wind; droughty. Spirt, G. to eject a small quantity of saliva. Spurt, G. to eject a He spurtit bacca mouthful. '
slawer
o' t' fleer
ower.'
Spirt, G. a short-lived energy.
spade in depth.
Speall,
c.
Spinjy,
Spinnel, G. spindle.
a beating.
Span new, Splinter new, Spangfire new, Spick-and-span new,
G.
Spell,
a
chip;
a
When
the Spit, G. of a shower falls
'
splinter.
Speann,
G. to
Speatt,
c., '
spout. c.
Speaw,
wean. a sudden of rain a water-
fall
;
A spedtt o'
rain.'
animal.
N.
Speer, '
'
ness.
'
enquire.
Speer at
ask him.
Spekes,
c.,
N.,
Speeaks,
s.w.
wheel- spokes.
Spelk, c., N. a splint rib of a basket; a rod to fasten down ;
thatch.
sal
c.
'
be
or in
a strong like's his varra
[I suspect spitten
means pricked. One way of getting an exact copy of a drawing prick out the outline with
is to
apirf.
Splat,
c.
TF.TF.-S.]
had or did
split.
Splatter, G. to bespatter. Splitten, G. being split. Spluffan, N. a bag or pouch.
Splutter, G. to speak too quick
the hen paid annually to the lord of the manor for liberty to cut spelks in the lord's woods.
Spelk hen,
rayder spits.''
Yon barn
spitten picter.'
Spenticles, Specks, Speckets, Glasses, G. spectacles.
it
G.
Spitten picter,
to castrate a female
warning drops
'It defiance. done in spite of his teeth defiance of him.
Spite,
Spete, N.
and heavy
him
one having
Spider shanks, o. very slender legs.
G.
for distinct utterance.
Spoalder, N. to stagger
;
awkward
He spoalder't like a in gait. new drop't fwol.' '
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Spole, Spoalder, c. to partially separate the shoulder-blade of an animal from the chest. 'Sponsible, &.
sub-
responsible,
stantial.
my
to
gang
' of service. I spot at Martinmas.'
place
Sprag, G. a clnbby lump of wood to put in a wheel to stop pro-
confound
G. to
Stagger,
to con-
;
fuse. G.
Stakker, ker't
stagger.
'He
a bit an' than he
Stand,
c.
Spot,
93
stak-
fell.'
s.w. a cattle grass.
c.,
c.
Standert,
standard;
the up-
right against which the double barn-doors shut.
Stand
to
for, c.
become sponsor
for.
gress.
Sprent, Sprint, c. to sprinkle. A pen sprints when it scatters the ink over the paper. Sprinj't, E. half-starved; able-looking.
Sprent,
Sprint,
a snare for
c.
'
c. a jaunt. for a sproag.'
Sproag,
G.
Spunk,
Let's
gang
c.
Stangin',
G.
men
;
guilty of beating
their wives have been forcibly hoisted astride of a pole or stang, and borne through the village in derision. Unwary travellers
are entrapped on Christmas and Year's days and threatened with the stang until they contribute a trifle to be spent in drink.
New
animation,
spirit.
G. lively.
Spunky,
Stanger,
G.,
did sting
miser-
birds.
game
and Steng,
N. a sting ; a pole ; a cart- shaft. the wasp.
Stang,
Spurtle, w. a thin piece of wood used for turning cakes on a
an implement used in girdle thatching.
Stank,
Stenk, N. to groan
c.,
short.
as if he
'
Stankan' and greannan'
summat.'
ail't
;
Spurtle, if. to kick with the feet as a child does when on the nurse's knee.
Squab,
Swab, N. an inferior wooden sofa not having
the seat-box of the
not
does
the
disarrange
fit.
it
pre-
cision.
Squary,
or over-
Stark, C., s.w. hide-bound; unnaturally stiff.
Starken,
s.w.,
Storken,
N.
to
stiffen.
short and broad.
G.
Stark mad, Dancin' mad,
See Swirtle.
Squirtle.
G. stuck.
'
He
stack in a
bog.'
G. in a towering passion. Stark neakk't, G., Sterk neakk't,
N. entirely naked raw spirit. Stark weather, s.w. continued dry and cold north and east winds. ;
Staddam,
c.
a
dam
or weir across
a stream. Staff her din', N. herding cattle, &c. by stealth in another man's ,
pasture. cock.
to upset
c.
Stape up, turn.
settle.
G. true, correct, Square, 'That breks nea squares'
Stag,
'
'
= become insolvent.
c.,
sort of
Stack,
Stank, Stenk, N. an artificial pond; water dammed ; a midden. Stap, G. stave of a tub ; step of a Tim's gone o' to staps ladder.
G.
a colt;
a young
game
Star sleet, c. frog spawn dropped on the ground. Start, t. the long handle of a
wooden Startle,
Belg. Cattle startle
pail.
G.
when
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
94
they erect their heads and tails, and gallop madly in hot weather through fear of the stinging flies.
Steukk,
a
if.
silly fellow.
Steek, N. to shut, Steukk that deur, close, fasten.
Steukk,
c.,
'
lad.'
to
nervous ; subject or start on alarm,
c., s.w.
Starty,
jump
'Statesman, c., s.w., Laird, K. the owner of an estate ; a yeo-
man.
Stayk,
N. to
c.,
wander listlessly '
to blunder.
A
;
girt staykan'
'
fevOl
Steiill, c., if., StC-eal, s.w. stool; to tiller ; to spread in growing.
Stew,
Stew, c., if. excitement, haste. 'In a girt stew.' Stibble, N. stubble. '
stayed, staid, sedate.
Stay't, c.
Stayvel, Swayvel, c., Stevyel, if. to saunter like a person without
certain
have
parties
defined
rights, as on Borrowdale, burn, and other fells.
Wyth-
(' Steed or Stede signifieth place, as stow also doeth. Verstegan.)
c., Stadlin', s.w. a foundation of straw or brushwood, &c., for a corn or hay mow, to prevent damp rising. Formerly dry turves were most
Steaddlin',
used.
Steakk and ryse, Cockgard.
o.
the same as
Steanny, Steann't horse, an entire horse. stallion
c.,
N.
E. to resist
to be obstin-
;
ate or tetchy.
and Stey, N. a ladder. Steedit, G. supplied. Stee, G.,
G.
a very pene-
trating rain.
gander. Stencher, c. a staunchion. c. strong, staunch. ta gitten stensh ageann ?
bit,
Stiddy, Stife,
if.
Stife,
G.
and Studdy, N. steady;
G.,
an anvil
;
stithy.
strong, sturdy, obstinate.
E.,
Styth,
c.
foul air in a
mine or quarry after blasting and adj. lusty. This last meaning
is
obsolete or nearly so.
Stigh! His-stigh! c., N. terms used in driving pigs. He still does Still, G. always. '
that way.' Still an' on, c. yet, &c. an' on, tudder was better.'
'
Still
the arm and handle of a a stiff to walk in
plough; manner.
old man.
Stinkin' Roger, c. the knotted figwort Scrophularia nodosa. Stint, c., Stent, IT. to limit ; to send out to grass; a cattlegrass. bestir. 'Stir thy feet, Excitement. Stirk, Stnrk, G. a yearling heifer c.
Bob.'
'
Stensh,
lowance.
advocate.
Stickle, c. parlish stickle.'
Stir,
G.
Stepmother
to
G.
up weel for Tom.' ' In a fright, alarm.
Stinjy aal carl, N. cross-tempered
;
Steg,
stack
Stilt, G.
G. stone.
Steepin' rain,
He
Sticky, G. adhesive, clammy.
employment. Stead, c. an unenclosed plot on a mountain or common on which
Steck,
Stoor, s.w., x. dust.
Stick up for,
!
Steann,
c.,
Hes
or bullock.
'
a scanty al-
Stirran',
c., s.w., ' stirring, active. lad, yon.'
Sturran', IT. He's a stirran'
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Stirrup cup, G. the parting glass drank at the door. Stirrup oil, c. a heating with a strap.
Sto,
Staa,
c.,
N.
s.w.,
'
surfeit.
Plenty
stall
hutter
o'
a
;
wad
'
a dog. Stob, G. stab sto
G.
Stomach,
a post or stake.
;
'
unbelief.
I can't
stomach that.'
Stomachful,
c.
having a good
appetite.
Stoond,
Stoon, N. astound ; to the pain resulting from
c.,
benumb
;
a blow. dust blown about.
c.
Stoor,
Stoov't, Stuv't, c., Tov't, N. the ear-mark of a sheep by having the end of the ear cut off. G. to stay
to
stow or pack.
Stop, ; ' Stop them things into t' drawer.'
walk
Stope, c., Staap, s.w., N. to as in the dark. See Pope.
Stoppan' '
the
G.
Stormcock.
c.
to
stiffen; coagulate.
young ox. and Stutt, Stud,
when jumping with
all
the feet
c.,
Stowter, N. to walk
clumsily.
G.
strike.
Streek, Straik, G. to stretch ; lay out a corpse. In country places a streekin' is commonly followed by a tea-drinking and afternoon's gossip in a low tone, at the cozehouse.
Streemers, c., N., Streeamers, northern lights aurora S.w. horealis.
'Streen, Streyn, G. to strain, sprain, When the compiler of distrain.
was removing
this
to
another
residence, a friendly neighbour If offered assistance, saying you want any help at skiftin' '
you
mun 'streen (distrain) on us.' o' men and pitchforks,
Strenth
power, influence. a sanded piece of wood used for sharpening
Strickle, G.
N. to place
Striddle,
and Struddle,
G.
;
N.
stride, straddle.
Strikin' Snife,
to cram.
estover; a stake.
Stower and yedder, c., s.w., Steakk and reyse, N. a mode of hedging. See Cockgard. Strakes, G. lengths of iron in former use for wheel tire.
c.,
Chopper,
Choppin' knife, sr.
a butcher's
cleaver.
Strone, a term for the it is drawn from the the smallest teat by the hand
Strint,
c.,
milk as
;
'
together.
c.,
Streak, Streaker, c., Straker, s.w. a straight-edged ruler used to sweep off the extra quantity from a measure of grain; a
s.w.,
N. to Stott, G., bound as a sheep or deer does
Stower,
Strang
Strike street, c. to balance the matter even hands.
See Shellcock.
Storten, Storken, Starken,
Stowe,
'
scythes.
bit time.'
Storm, G. a continued heavy rain with wind..
Stotter,
G. strong, fetid. as rotten cheese.'
Strang,
c.
limit.
spot, Iv'ry thing hes a stoppan' spot
Stot, G. a
95
A
strint o' milk.' quantity. Strip, G. to draw the after-milkings of cows. Strippins, G. the last of the
milking. c. to strut haughtily. Stritcher, G. stretcher; a softened term for an untruth.
Stritch,
Stroke, c. a comparative term of augmentation. good stroke '
o' biz'ness.'
A
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
96
Stroke, c. step, measure. hes a lang stroke o' t' grand takes long strides. G.
Stroppan',
*
He
'
he
Sucken,
G.
good quality.
strapping,
'tis
stricken.
strucken eight.'
tall,
Sud, G. should.
Shaksp.
Strunty, Strinty, c. dwarfish. Strwoan, E. to milk laboriously. Stub,
c. to
c., Stumps, K. the old nails from a horse's shoe used for clog-nails.
stood. 'Thou ha' studden up for us.'
sud
c.
Stuffment, worthless
c.,
s.w.
sudden
;
should not.
should thou. 'Thou sttd behave thy sel better 'at sud ta.' ta, G.
Suer,
Seur, K. sure. for a certainty.
Seer,
c.,
For
'
'
suer
Suller't, c. stuffed or
choked up
cold.
Summat,
G.
some-
something,
what.
Summat-like,
G.
something
;
;
an' rump, G. the entirety.
the
likely for
purpose; pretty or becoming. Theer, that's summat-like ! '
'
doubtful information. Stulp, c., Stoop, s.w., K. a gatepost the turning-post in a race. Stummer, G. stumble.
Stump
Sud
with
grub up.
Stubs,
Studden,
G.
Suddent, 'Csesar,
N. pet, sulks.
Stnmt,
moist land of
E.
Suckeny land,
active.
Strucken,
Bond sucken.
See
G.
Summer
summer pasturOur why was summer't
geatt, c. '
age.
on
t' fell.'
a hole at c. a puddle ; the bottom of a pit to collect
Sump,
water
in.
He snap't it up stump an' rump.' Sumph, N. a blockhead. 'Stir yer Stumps, G. legs. Sunnyside, G. south side. When stumps.' Hugh Hird, the Troutbeck giant, '
G. short and stout. a good laal stunch of a pwony.'
Stunchy, 'It's
Stunner,
K.
c.,
something extra-
ordinary.
Stur, G.
stir,
agitation.
story ; an untruth. 'That's a atwory Til be bound G.
Stwory, for
't.'
Styme,
Steyme, w.w. used to express perfect darkness. Can c.,
'
n't see a styme.'
a
c.
Suck!
c.,
suffocating vapour. s.w.
a call-note for
calves.
Suckam, from
c.
a
tuckam.'
side of a wedder.' one knowing the sunny side of an animal, the king ordered a sheep to be roasted, and Hugh ate the whole flesh at the meal.
'the sunny
No
Sup, G. to sip ; an measure of liquids. '
sup.'
A
laal sup.'
indefinite
'A '
A
girt
sup
o*
tea.'
Sup, G. to take liquid food from
Styne, Styan, c. a painful swelling on the eye-lid. Styth,
went on the king's summons to London, and was asked what he would like for dinner, he replied,
the liquor that drains
dung-heap
'
middin
a spoon.
Swab,
N. a
wooden
sofa, settle, or
sattle.
Swad, G. a pod. Swadder, c. to dabble in water. Swadderan' like a duck in a '
puddle.'
Swadderment,
c.
drink.
97
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Swadler,
Swattle, N. to waste-; and
a methodist.
c.
belly't, G. corpulent ; the lower part of the abdomen en-
Swag
Swayth, line
larged.
c., S welly whols, funnel-shaped holes in the ground which swallow and sink the water. Usually seen at the outcrop of the cavernous
limestone.
Sweemish,
c.,
N.
wet hollow ; did
N. a
swing. c. loosely
put together ;
Swap, Swop,
G.
exchange, barter.
a lever
c.
pump-handle.
;
s.w. to creep along a pole or up a tree ; to scramble. clergyman, near Bootle, inquired of a boy for a place to cross a swollen stream, and being
Swarmel,
A
shown a pole laid across, he hesitated to venture, when the boy said Myfadder swarmeVt it, '
and I swarmeVt
it,
and can
thaww swarmeft tu ? c. ;
n't
'
c.
'
'
'
He
fell
Cumberland
to swoon.
Sax. sweltan,
to die.
Swelter,
c., '
copiously.
N. to perspire O' in a swelter.'
Swenn't, Swinn't, c., Shemmel't, N.E. twisted bent out of truth. Swet, c., s.w., Swat, s. did sweat.
c. c.
Come
in,
and
Shuggy,
N. to
sway
;
to shiver
c.
with cold.
0' in a swidder.'
Swifts, G.
See Garnwinnels.
' Oald a long drink. Swig, Dick could swig a quart at a wind.' See Wind.
c.
a bill-book. a sample or pattern.
c. to
c.,
Swidder, '
seek.'
bit.'
O' of a swatch
drink.
Swelt,
exists
'still
1876.
mountains. c.
the
in
sparingly
marten-
s.w. the
animal
swing.
See Coo swat.
c.
Swatter,
c.,
This
cat.
Swey,
sit.
swat ye a
Swat,
andSoop't, N. swept.
;
Swash, c. wet stuff! Swat, c. a heavy fall. wid a swat like a wet
Swatch, Swatch,
Sweet,
G.,
G. perspiration, sweat.
;
the skin of hams and sward the ghost of a
dying person.
Swat,
Sweep't,
Sweet mart,
to swoon.
c.
Swarth, bacon
laughter.
Sweepless, E. ignorant.
inferior.
Swarf,
with c., N. to burn swiftly flame ; the melting of a lighted candle in a draught. Sweels o' laughin', c. peals of
Sweel,
squeamish.
Swape,
the visible line the
steady walking person.
Swamish,
Swanky,
the the
Swayve, E. to pass backwards and forwards. Swayvel, G. to walk unsteadily. unSwayvlin', G. a weak and
E. large
o.,
off
higher grass between swayths of a mown field.
of
N. to swallow.
Swally whols,
Swang,
G.
Swayth boke,
the centre.
Swally, Swolly,
thrown
grass
scythe.
bent downwards in
G.
Swag't,
of
to
c.
sip intoxicating beverages. N. c., s.w., Sweeth,
'
all alike.
indulge in drink
;
Swig swag,
c.
a pendulum.
Swill, G. a rough basket. S wilier, s.w. a swill-maker.
Swine bow,
c.
a
bow hung on 7
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
98
the swine's neck to prevent creeping through hedges.
it
Swine creuh,
N. a pig-sty; a Her house dirty hull or house. is na better ner a swine creuh.'
Switcher,
hull, o. a pig-sty.
G. an iron ring in a swine's snout to prevent its rout-
Swine ring,
ing up the ground.
'
all
fast-going
c., Sooal, s.w., N. sole (of the foot, shoe, &c.). Swops, K. sups, messes.
Swol,
sort
G.
Swort,
to select
;
;
to
arrange.
Swine ringer, c. an officer appointed by the lord of the The following manor's court. Meat extract defines his duty.
We
order that swine. the swine within Priestgate
(or fat)
any
switch or rod.
'
Swine
G.
animal or thing. Switchin', c. a beating' with a
and "Workington shall be double rung and bowed before the 1st day of Novr. next.'
Swum, c., Soom, ta swum any P
N. swim.
'
Can
'
Swyke, animal
thin-made c., s.w. a a worthless fellow.
;
Sydle, c., N. to saunter ; to approach sideways or obliquely in a fawning or coaxing manner. Sye, c., sr. a very small quantity. Robin sank a well, and ther was n't a sye o' watter in 't.' '
Swine
a collection of
c.
stnff,
scraps and dish- washings, &c., kept in the swine-tub for pigs' food.
Swine
Sye, G. a scythe.
Syke,
Sonchus oleraceus.
Swingle] tail,
c.
Syle, G. a copious drip
a smart dress-
ing sieve the
Swingle tree, Swinglin, c., Swinnle tree, N. the wooden bar each plough-horse draws by.
c.
Swinjer,
Singe, N.
to
singe
a great, an astounding
assertion. c. to sweep off or remove to drink hurriedly to hastily drink or sup the whole.
Swipe,
;
S wiper,
c.
a hard drinker.
Swirl, c., s.w., whirl round.
Swirt,
Swnrt,
c.,
Swurl, N. N.
squirt;
to strain
It syl't
manner
Syle brig,
G.
of a
and
a strainthrough a
;
bled,' after
syle.
a frame for support-
ing* the syle.
Syle clout, c. economical housewives do not always incur the cost of wire gauze, but substitute a linen cloth as a
filter.
straw rope. Syne, c. to decant; drain off; to give up drawing milk from a cow, &c.
Syme,
G. a
'Auld Syne, Sinsyne, N. since. lang syne.' Syn Chaucer.
a
Syne ways, c. sundry ways. They ran ivry yan syne ways'
to move quickly and tortuously as a small fish does in a shallow stream.
Swirtle, Swurtle,
;
to
syringe. c.
Switch, c. a flexible twig used as a rod to whip. ;
'
sieve.
coat.
Swinje, c., with fire.
Seyk, N. a small wet
c.,
hollow.
sow-thistle
c.
fthistle,
'
Sype,
G. to
drain
off.
a toper. Syper, Sypins, G. the last drops. Syre, 2*. a gutter or vennel; sewer. G.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
A syte
'
Syte, G. a great deal
o'
fwok.' to saunter
to trifle.
;
Takkin',
'
This article in c., s.w. the. its abridged form is scarcely used
T',
in the north of the county. Preface.
Tab,
Wilta
I'
= wilt
?
the narrow end of a
c.
Tab
'
&c.
In a sad
end.'
Tak
off, G. to mimic ; to ridicule; ' to abscond ; a satirist. Nea a fair tak likes him, for he's body
and he talcs ivry body off : he does n't pay his debts he'll hev to tak his sel off or off,
but
if
Tak
on sair
'
is
Ta-dea,
Tak
= such work
Taffle, c. to to perplex. '
to-day.'
'
s.w. to do.
c.,
off,
Sec a
!
throw into disorder ; It's a tafflan wind Ey, it blows o' round '
t'
shine off
Tak
't tul his inuendo.
G.
a weak-minded person
Tak up wid,
N.
Claggum,
c.,
hardened by boiling
;
treacle
joinin',
c.
other's faces.
See
Taglet, E. the end.
G.,
Aglet.
Taggelt,
c.
c., s.w.,
Tak,
c.
lift
in card-play-
ing.
Tak
with.
to-mor-
G. to beat.
'
Tan
his hide
for him.' G. a tine or grain of a fork a prong.
Tang,
;
Tangs,
c., s.w., Tengs, N. tongs, prongs.
Tansy, N. a public-house
Tantrums, Taptire,
Teangs, ball.
G. fits of passion.
N., E.
waiting with great
impatience. c. to thrash. 'He'll thee a tarjin, my lad.'
Targe,
G.
gi'
a small lake.
Tarnt, N. ill-natured. Taarble, N. terrible. This word is often used to indi-
Tek, Teak, N. take.
a trick or
c.
Tarrable,
life.
Tak,
apply an
row morning.
Tarn,
a vagabond.
Taistrel, Waistrel, G. a person of
vagabond
'He
excel.
o' t' rest.'
G. to associate
'
Tag,
to spoil the
toffy.
a toffy club. Young people in the country sometimes assemble on a winter evening and subscribe a few pence each to buy treacle for making taffy,' and to enjoy the fun of slyly besmearing each
Taffy
to
Ta-mworn 'o mwornin, Tan,
;
a derisive term. Taffy,
affected He take
distressed. c.
sel, c. to
yan.'
Taffy,
'
event.
much
shine
t'
teuk
tacket-nails.
ta-dea /'
much
be
G. to
on,
by a melancholy
appearance of; c.
per'
'
taste ; a taint. tack o' t' cask.'
Tacks,
takkin'.
lang.' field,
a peculiar flavour or This yal hes a
c.
Tack,
'
thou.
See
hurried
s.w.
c.,
plexity.
Ta, G. thou
taking, infec-
s.w.
c.,
tious.
G.
Syzel,
Takkan,
99
efter, G. to resemble. taks efter t' f adder.'
'
He
cate something extraordinary, as 'tarrable nice,' tarrable hee,' ' taarble low,' &0. '
Tart,
G. sour, acid.
Tassy, N. pleasant, nice.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
100 Tat,
A
that.
s.w.
c.,
exclusively, 1860. obsolete.
Tath heaps, where
tufts
B.
fell-dale
Teaa, Teea,
nearly
Tea board,
and
word
of
grass
have dropped dung.
cattle
grass, N. soft grass grow-
Tathy
ing under
trees. '
Tatter, G. hurry.
In a
1
a
a termagant;
G.
kicking cow.
See Cottit.
Tattit, o. matted.
'Taty an' point, G. People too poor or niggardly to buy flesh meat have been said to provide a very small piece of butter, or bacon fat, to place in the centre of the dinner- table and, having loaded their spoons with mashed potatoes, the diners were allowed to point towards but not to touch the morsel hence the name. ;
made
a frying-pan cake and pota-
c.
'Taty ceakk,
of barley flour
toes.
Taty crab, G. the fruit of the Abundant before 1836, potato. and scarce
since. G.
'Taty hash,
puddin', G. potatoes and groats boiled in a bag among broth. a boy's
c.
favourite
marble.
Tawpy,
Ta
lile
this year. ta year.'
wark
'She's
Ander-
son.
Teaa hegh o'
!
G.
on one
teua hegh
o'
like
side.
Teann,
'
It's
granfadder
wig.' Tetia,
the one.
c.,
Tiv, N.
f deer fraA' 'He wad gang
close
to. r
Put
door.
the
o' t
tiv
'
merry-
neets this winter.' '
efter, G. went after. tedkk efter t' hare.'
Teakk
G. a tell-tale; trayer of secrets. Tear, G. to rally or bully.
Teally pyet,
G.
Tearan',
tearing,
He
a be-
careering.
Tearan' like a crazy thing.' of a Tearin', s.w. the rendering '
roof.
Teatt, a very small quantity.
'
A
woo'.'
teatt o'
Teattit,
G.,
Tatty, w. matted, un-
combed. c. to pick the bed-clothes in febrile delirium.
Teaw,
Teazz, Teeas, G. toes. Teck, c., Tack, w. a stitch, ttck i' time seaws nine.'
'A
c., N. a place of resort ; a newsmonger's house ; a place of shelter. In Doomsday
Book, a grove. Tee,
c.,
Thaww,
'Is tat
s.w. thee, thou.
Bobby?'
fee,
Teemfull,
E. full to
running over.
Teen leatth, c., s.w. a tithe to store the tenths in. Teens,
G.
'
into
t'
teens'
bam over
twelve.
Teeram, G.
Paddock peyp,
c.,
N.W. the Equisetum arvense plant.
fetter a Tee, N. to tie; G. to cow's hind legs during milking.
N. a silly person.
year, G.
deun
Teadd pipe,
Te-draw, Ten-draw,
potato soup.
Taty
Taw, To,
Tee, w. toe.
c. a wooden tea-tray or walusually of mahogany nutand formerly accounted a mark of gentility.
Teah, Teuh,
tatter.
'She gev Tatter, o. to scold. him a rare tatteran', for she's a fair tatters her sel.' Tatter can,
c., s.w.,
c.,
N. term.
s.w.,
Tarm, Teann,
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
G.
Teethan',
a teetotum.
c.
Tee-tak-up-o',
teething;
Teutle, c. to trifle. an' daddies about
getting
teeth.
Te-lick te-smack, c. as fast as possible. Generally applied to persons in the act of running. able to remember and ' I can tell sen' ther' was n't sec a thing as a shorthorn.' ' He niver h'ard tell on 'i.' G.
Tell,
tell of.
Telt, G. told.
Tern,
Thaim,
Keamms,
G.,
N. them.
a
E.
of danger.
Teydins, N.W. tidings, news.
Thack
Thack
spelks,
a
G.
bottle, thatch.
bundle of
rods for secur-
c.
spittle,
N. a tool
c.,
stopple, G. a handful of straw prepared for thatching.
the head.
Thack, Theek, Theak, Ter,
c.
teazz,
tips of the toes.
a contraction of there.
G.
N. topsy confusion or disorder.
Tersy versy,
Te
used
in thatching.
Thack a smart blow; a tap on
c.
Teppy
tetitles
day and
gits laal or nought done.' Teutt Hill, c. an elevated place where watch was kept in times
Thack
hair
sieve.
Tep,
He t'
ing thatch with.
c., s.w.,
Terns,
'
o'
sel, c., s.w.,
Tey
This form
self.
is
turvy
;
Than-abouts, in
Thank, i'
sel, ir. thynearly obso-
lete.
G.
thatch
;
to thatch.
c.
G.
about that time.
obligation.
'He com
mun pay him
niy thank an' I
weel.'
ceakks, Tharth ceakks, cakes of barley or oat-
Thar'
B.C. thick
E. to
Tetch, c., Steck, or obstinate. Te, Tull,
be restive
the hearth
c., s.w., Till,
N. to.
c., Tewet, s.w., N. the lapwing.
Teufet,
weep, Teiiff, c.,
Towgh,
s.w.,
Tharm,
Pees-
Teugh,
Teufish, Teufly, c.
Teulment,
c.
too-fall c.
;
rather tough. a lean-to shed.
good-humoured mis-
chief.
fiddle-strings are E.
c.,
N.,
Tceam,
s.w. to pour out; empty. G.
Teiinable,
having a musical
made.
reluctant, unwilling.
'I was that vex't That, I could ha' bitten t' side out of a so.
G.
butter-bowl.'
That
at'
donnet, G.
That'n,
!
of surprise; oath.
Thee,
c.,
that evil one.
c.
that one.
The dickins
Teumm, Teem,
the embers.
among
the material of which
c.
Tharth, N.
tough.
Teu-fo',
meal and water, and baked on
s.w.,
c.
an exclamation
and
also a kind of
Theye, N. thigh.
ear.
Theek, Teurd,
c.,
N. turd, excrement.
Teuthwark,
c.,
N. tooth-ache.
s.w.,
Teuthyik,
G.
to thatch.
Theer, c., Thearr, s.w., Theer, N. there, there is. lad, theer a
penny
'
for tha.'
Teer, Here,
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
102
Thick, '
N.
familiar,
Thoo had
friendly.
Thick as inkle weavers.'
Thick on
't, G. the major part. She brought a heap o' kelter an' t' thick on 't o' hard gold.' '
o' t' thrang, G. middle of the crowd ; busiest part or time.
Thick
Thick
&.
Thick
skin't,
set, built.
low and strongly
'
win the
It's
bad
is used to If s good thing. 1
'
thing.'
Thingamy,
c.,
'
contemptuous is yon daft
What
thingamy about
'
?
o' nought, G. a trifle worth taking into account.
trifling
c.,
N. a useless
not
;
ornament.
Think me
on, G.
dud
'at
thou
shag,
G.
ta,
Thou
did.
Thoo's,
c., N.,
by the thumb.
Thawws,
'Wait and
shall.
about
and
bread
N.
c.,
butter spread
thou
s.w.
hear
thoo' 8
c.,
Thoo's like to
TS.
come
thou
must-
in.'
G. a trifle. ' a thought, will ta ?
'
Thought,
Skift on '
He's on, G. esteemed. girtly thought on about heamm.'
on, G. to keep in mind.
Thinly, Thinnish,
A
comG. throng, busy. saying is, Thrang as Throp
Thrang, wife.'
'
Who
was Throp
?
G. thrtis.
Threep doon, c., N. to persist in He threeps me an assertion. doon 'at aa dud say seah.' Sax. '
remind me.
Think
o'
it.'
Thrast, Thrist,
and
and
expressing doubt or surprise at the same time.
mon
Thing
Thingumbob,
This form
!
Thought
N. a
appellation.
thoo
Thoo dud n't, dud ta ] A common mode of questioning, and of
'
word
this
express quality. '
did, that
Thoo's like,
thimble.
G.
G.
Thing,
T
suit.
Thimmel,
Thoo dud
Thoom
not sensitive; In law contests a unfeeling. thicker common saying is, skin hod f langer out' implying that the heavier purse will G.
'n,
of speech is in frequent use, especially for reproach.
remember; G.
to
rather thin.
Third man, G. an umpire between two arbitrators. Thirl, Thurl, N. to bore through' "With a spere was thirled his brest bone.' Chaucer.
Thirt-teen, Thurt-teen, G. ruptions of thirteen.
to affirm positively.
threpian
Threeplands, N. lands in dispute or debateable lands, generally on the borders of parishes. Bp. Nicolson.
Threeptree, G. the wooden bar the two plough-horses are yoked to.
Threesam'
reel, N. a three reel.
cor-
Threshwurt,
This-geatt, G. thus, in this way. This'n, Tis'n, G. this one; this
c.,
Threshurt,
N.
threshold.
Threve,
c.,
Threeav, s.w. twenty-
four sheaves of corn.
thing.
Thonky, t
rain
E.,
c.
Donky.
mist and small
Thribble, G. treble, three times.
Thrimmel, Trimmel,
G. tremble.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. three at a birth.
c.
Thrins,
Tin-inter, Thrunter, c., sheep of the third winter. Th.ro', c. a turning lathe in a lathe.
;
a
stirring the boiling pot.
Tic-tac, c. tick of a clock a short Aa'll hev 't done in a period. ;
'
plump ; well grown ;
c.
throughly.
Throo full
G.
leet,
light
all
night;
moon. G.
Throoly,
tic-tac.'
N. tedious.
Tiddysom,
It Tiff, G. angry words passing. was n't a fratch; it was nobbet a '
'
a
bit of
t
iff.
Tift, G. to pant.
portly.
Throo other,
c.,
Throo
ither, N.
mixed, confusion.
Tift, c. condition as regards health ' or spirits. He's i; girt tift to-
day.'
Throos, Throo
steanns, G. long stones passing through a rubble wall to bind it.
Tig, G. to touch gently; a boyish play. '
Till, o., K.
the windpipe.
G.
Thropple, Throssan,
c., s.w., thrust, thrusten.
Thrussan,
N.
up
c. thick set; conHe's nobbet a throssan
'
thing.'
Throssel,
G.
Thrummel't,
N.
crowded,
con-
a heavy stroke with a
dull sound.
Thummel,
E.
thimble.
Thummel pwok, Thumper, Thur,
c.,
E.
Theeas,
names
f market
send
He went
an' fell an'
?'
full
brak
Timmer rearin', c., N. a festivity held on occasion of putting the roof timraisin',
a
wood
common
termination to
to drink.
o.
man, we've plenty
Tirl't,
of places.
G. tinker.
and Teup, N. a tup.
G.,
Tiper,
G.
building. K. timorous.
c.,
Tine, N., Free, c. to shut up a pasture field till the grass grows
Tipe,
Thir, N.
s.w.,
new
bers on a
Timmersom',
Tip,
cleared or wilderness.
space in a
very
doonbank
tilt
these ones.
Thwaite, Whate,
A
till
'
Tilt, G. quickly.
Huwel.
G. a great one.
c.
Put that door
Tiller, c., s.w. to spread; to out side shoots.
Tinkler,
See
these, those.
Thurrans,
gaan
Timmer
fused. G.
to.
Is ta
his nwose.'
the thrush.
Thruff, Thrufstan, c., Through, N. a flat tombstone.
Thud,
'
till.'
Throssan up, ceited.
suffer.
Thyvel, c., Poddish stick, s.w., Keall stick, N. a stick used for
to turn
Thro', c., Dash, N. a flourish in writing thrown by a free hand.
Throddy,
Thole, to
E.G.
Thwol, s.w.
103
Tiry,
Tipe
't
up,
a toper.
c.
N.
blown
'
mair.'
unroofed; the thatch See Beuw.
off.
c. tired,
Ti't, c. tied,
fatigued.
bound, obliged.
'
He
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
104 was Ti't
lie
by
cattle
and
sheep stray from, a bare pasture, but are tied by the teeth in a
good one. G.,
dea
tite
as tid.
Tithe stopple,
a conspicuous
c.
bunch of stubble on the
tithe
Tom
beagle, c. the cockchafer. Query, bom-beetle.
Tome,
Toom,
c.,
Tommaty
'
Titter, G. sooner.
The
tudder up.'
Titter
first
up
who
<
To-mworn
hev
Tomy,
nearest,
to-
G.
mwornin',
s.w., Toomy, like toasted
Taamy,
c.,
Too, Ta,
draws out
c.,
Thaww,
s.w. thou.
N.
Thou'l,
c.,
Thaww'l,
S.w. thou wilt.
Toom, c.
o'
tee, c. the
tit.
't
'an.'
Tittermest, See Bain.
Tommy
morrow morning.
Tool,
I'd titter
taa,
co'
rises
on the other.
Titter, Q. rather.
young
N. a hair fishing-
titmouse or torn
N. that cheese.
stook.
to call
mad
1
Tollerari like a
'
line.
'I'd as Tit, K. soon. I'd as soon 't as nut' I'd rather. Sax. as tide. Icel.
Tite,
roughly. bull.'
G.
teeth,
t'
'
work
tft to
gang an' dud gang.'
tft to
when
soonest.
y. a cord or string partly
untwisted.
Toon
bull, c. a bull kept by turn in an agricultural village. He com rworan like a toon (town's) '
Titty, N. sister. G.
Tittyvate, decorate
;
fit
to put into order; out.
Tizzik, c. a slight illness prevailIt's a tizzik 'at's ing generally. gangan' amang fwok.' '
Tizzy,
N.
a
sixpence.
Query,
slang.
T' laal an, c. the little
one
;
the
child.
Tod,
G.
now ex-
geatt, G. the through a village.
roadway
Toon
c.,
Toozle,
Tawwzle,
walk feebly like a an old person. Toft, G. a homestead. In a court book of the manor of Derwentwater, Gawan Wren was fined G. to
child or
ten
shillings about 1640 for having two fires on in one toft at the same time. Fuel scarce then !
Tokker, Togher, tion.
'He
N.
tokker
dowry, porhis dowter
't
N.,
c.,
to
ruffle; tussle.
Top
a fox
Thawwz,
Tooz, Thoo's, s.w. thou art.
'
Toddle,
wi'
is
The custom
bull.'
tinct.
G.
full,
That
pull
N.,
about
full
to
s.w. to
rudely;
the top. o' mis-
fellow's top full
chief.'
Top lad
an c., N. good boy ! interjection of encouragement to !
a boy.
Topmer,
G.
the
one above the
other; uppermost.
Topper,
G.
one
who
excels.
Toppin, G. the hair of the forehead the crest of a fowl. ;
twenty pund.'
Toller,
c.
to
spc-.k
loudly and
Toppin peats,
c.,
Flaks,
ir.
cut with the herbage on.
turf
The
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. edges resemble a man's unkempt toppin.
sark, c. a loose overcoat of coarse grey woollen, much in use by farm servants in the first quarter of the 19th century.
Top sark, Carrier
a. the man in charge of a drove of cattle, &c.
Topsman,
Top speadd, Tom speadd,
a
c.
heavy spade for cutting sods only.
Towertly,
105
c.,
To'rtly, s.w. kindly.
Towp, Towple, to upset
c.,
s.w., N.
Cowp,
overturn.
;
G. all in disorder.
Towry lowry,
T' year, G. this year. Nearly out of use. c.
Toytle ower,
to topple over;
to upset.
Traffic, c.
lumber
;
useless things.
Traily, G. slovenly,
lazily.
G. in great disWhen the order; overturned. top side of the sward is turned down the turf side is uppermost, and hence topsy turvy or topside
a saunterer Traipsy, Traips, an untidy female. to saunter
turfway,
Tramp,
Topsy turvy,
Top'taties, c., Terriers, N. tubers on the stems of potatoes.
Toptire, c. towering great disturbance. Torfer,
passion;
s.w., Torfel, N. Torfet, to fail ; to be defeated.
c.,
E. to die
;
,
To year,
c.
;
;
Tram, Trab,
a long narrow
c.
field. c.,
Tramper,
a vagabond.
'
N. a
beggar
On tramp
;
'
in search of employment often an excuse for seeing the country and being maintained at the cost of some club or union, or with worse motives.
Trantlements, c. useless trifles. Laal trantlan' jobs and things.' '
'
Torn, s.w. turn. t'
hawwse
an' into
caww back Torrel. Ane '
are dryed.'
torn t'
rawwnd
Ga'
that
aa'd
dirt ner.
faald.'
quhair comes This word is now
given in the Life and Miracles of Sancta Bega,' relating to an occurrence is
'
at Workington.
To tf
t'
fwore,
oald
man
Totter bog,
c.
'
Is
f fwore?'
It's
a shaking bog.
time to be toddlan' heamm.'
a near approach. as near as a toucher C
Toucher,
c.
Touchy,
Touchious,
G.
'It's
c.
'
c. traverse.
Travvish,
Treed, G. tread. o'
my
'Do
n't treed
teazz.'
Tret, N. treated.
Trevally, N. disturbance, quarrelling.
easily
Trice,
'
G.
In a
'
trice
in
a
moment.
offended.
Towel,
c.
over
Treak, N. an idle fellow.
Tottle, E., Toddle, c. to walk feebly as a child does ; to go. '
rubbish; to walk quickly Trashan' wet ground. through thick and thin for a heall day togidder.'
Trash,
Trash't, G. fatigued.
c. living, alive. to
;
to drag the dress in the to walk in a slovenly manc.
kill
It
obsolete.
_,
Trape,
to
beat.
down with a yak
'Rub him
towel.'
Trig,
c.
tight, well
as an apple.'
filled'
trig
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
106 Trim,
to beat or
c.
oald horse in G.
Trimmer,
order
;
trim
is
;
t'
t'
Tul,
Tum'lan',
N. to. it.
s.w. tumbling.
c.,
turn' Ian stearin
wood used
Trippet, c. a piece of Deed (dead) in a boy's game. as a trippet. '
Trivet, c. a threefooted iron frame for supporting pans, &c., on the As reet as a trivet fire. per-
'
A
gedders nea moss.'
Old Proverb.
Tummel,
tumble.
G.
Tummel
car, c., N. the clumsy cart of old times, the axle of
which revolved along with the wheels.
Tummellan
kist, E. a post-chaise.
'
'
fectly right.
Turmet,
Troff, c., Trowf, s.w., a trough.
Trolly bags, E.
Trooan,
c.,
Troonce,
c.,
Trowh,
y.
Trowan,
Turn
N. trowel.
Trawwnce,
to
(Barely
'Turna, c., 'Torna, Laa man, s.w. 'Turney, N. attorney.
s.w.
whip to punish Sec a to travel fast and far. trounce we've hed ower t' fells ;
N. turnip.
c.,
turmap.) '
N. truant.
Trowan,
c., N.,
trounce
rough cardings of
c.
He's of a narTurn, G. habit. gangan' (greedy) turn.'
N. tripes.
steelyards.
c.,
Tummins, wool.
a footpath.
G.
Trooin,
and Te,
G.,
Tul't, c., s.w., Til't, N. to
o' rain.'
Trones,
Te-enn,
useless
trinkets;
Trinkle, c. trickle. 'Bleudd com trinklan' down his f eass like
Trod,
c., s.w.,
N. taken.
?
year
a neat one.
finery.
drops
Tukkan, Teann,
'
G.
Trinkams,
whip
What
'
condition.
;
;
'
deall, c.,
Runnin ceawel,
In some undivided common N. fields the ownership of the parcels changes annually in succession.
'
!
Trug,
c.,
N. a
Truncher,
c.
wooden
a wooden ; of use.
Trniilins, c. coals about the size of apples.
Trunnel, c., s.w. the wooden wheel of a barrow trundle. ;
pie, N. a pie made of the small entrails of a calf.
Tnmnel T's
it, c. it is it
Tu, s.w.
Tu,
too.
c. to tease
'
;
;
that
annoy
He's hed a sare tu been a tusom barn.' o.
is it.
Oofa
I's frae
'
Tudder,
Turras, ST.
the other.
;
'
Torrs, s.w., Turrs, Turnes, clods of earth.'
Tush,
c., N.,
G.
Tussle,
Twaddle,
Tosh, s.w. tusk.
a struggle G.
;
contest.
unmeaning
talk.
a pang of toothache; the sound of a stringed instrument ; the Scottish accent.
Twang,
G.
Tweesom', N. two in company. A compagnie of ladies, twey and twey.' Chaucer. '
tu.'
struggle.
on't.'
c.,
turfs.
Verstegan, 1634.
trencher
Long out
platter.
coal-box.
He's
G. to understand an ob' He aim't to scure meaning. I but me, twig't him.' puzzle
Twig,
Twill,
c. quill.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARYTwilt,
and Twult,
G.,
N. a quilt
;
c., Tweyn, N.W. to whine ; complain. She tiveyns an' twists N. on, peer aal body
Twine,
'
'
!
G. complaining, poorly. She's nobbet varra twiny to-
doings
unruly ;
;
a small scarlet-coloured insect, said by the superstitious to occasion fatal illness to cattle. c.
difficult to
deal
with. G.
awkward, unbe-
coming. N. strange, wonder, Uncuth, unknowne, it also
Unket, Unco, very.
T winter,
suspected of evil
N.
Uncanny,
'
day.'
Twing,
G. obstinate, untract-
Unfewsom',
G. twist.
Twiny, '
Unbiddable, able.
to beat.
Twine,
107
sometimes signifieth a stranger.' Verstegan.
Unkos,
wonders, news.
N.
a sheep of two win-
Unlick't cub, c. a rude and ignorant young person.
' That fellow Twist, G. appetite. hes a famish twist.'
Unlucky, c. mischievous. 'Yon's an unlucky brat of a lad.'
G.
ters.
Twit,
to sneer
c.
at.
Unpossable,
Twitch, G. a cord twisted round the upper lip of an unruly horse
Unsarra't, c., N., and Unserra't, N. not served.
as a holdfast.
Twitchbell,
the earwig.
a
'Just in edge. on the very edge.
Twitter, twitter
E.
c. '
c., Teyk, N.W. an unruly fellow ; a dog. There is a tradition of a Curwen of Workington Hall having shot a Howard of Corby in a duel on Carlisle sands
Tyke,
an
during
assize meeting,
offensively using the to him.
word
for tyke
Tyl't, Tyl'd, s.w. toiled, wearied,
G.
Unsayable,
wilful, uncontrol-
able.
Up abeunn, G. Up and down,
above.
c.
defective.
tymerly consarn ten togidder.'
Udder
c.,
it's
'It's
a
badly put-
Upbank,
G. uphill,
upwards.
water springing in the Upboil, bottom of a well or drain, and powerful enough to cause the appearance of boiling on the surc.
Up
bringin',
Up-hod,
c.
c.
rearing, training.
maintenance.
When Upon
s.w., Ither, N. other.
geatts, N. otherwise, differ-
to
t'.
Hudibras, about to enter, another gates adventure.'
G. a
common
note of assent pronounced with closed lips.
o'
poddish
brekfast.'
Up-hod,
Uppoad,
N. uphold.
Butler.
Um,
'He's
of a parlish girt up-hod an' can
ent. '
He's
eb'm up an' down honest.'
swallow two basonfulls
Udder,
'
G. perfect.
face of the water.
annoyed.
Tymerly,
Unreg'lar,
G. impossible.
G. irregular.
'Aa'll
Up-had, uphod ta' it's c.,
true.'
Up-kest ;
G.
a reproach.
Out upo' Upo', c., N. upon. tha for a good-to-nought ! '
'
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
108
Upper hand,
&.
used in relating news, &c. Varra wed than, I'll tell ye o' about it.'
advantage.
'
Uppish, c. conceited; holding a high head. Tip ov end, G. upright, going about. ' Is 't wife up ov end yet ? '
This het weather an' hard wark fairly ups a c. fatigues.
Ups,
body.'
Upsett'n and doon thross'n, c., N. This phrase is used in identifying a person as, if s his varra sel upsetfn an' doon thross'n.' '
;
Upsides wid, c. to retaliate; to be revenged on. G.
Uptak,
me summat
he ga'
c.
Urlin,
rwoad and
t'
for '
Ir, c., N. are.
Ur,
Aa
finding.
lifting,
fand his watch on
t'
quantity.
or
ur ye?' dwarfish
thing. Url't,
stunted in
ill-thriven;
person or child growth.
Urrant, to
Us,
and diminutive
c.
one of dwarfish
;
'
You urrant
gang to-day.' me. Please give '
tis
a
lift,
Usable,
G.
in-
c.,
Varjis, c. verjuice as varjis.'
Var'ly, Varraly, It's
c., s.w.,
'
It's as
sour
c. verily, truly.
Varry,
N.
very.
het weather, varra /'
Varra weel,
G.
G.
Viewsom',
comely
of
;
good
appearance. '
c., N.
Voag,
He's
repute.
i'
full
voag noo.'
Wa, wa
we.
G.
'"We'll
gang when
like.'
Wa,
c.
'
well.
why,
Wa
noo
than!'
Wa, Wah, Wid,
c., s.w., We, Gang wa Tom.' s.w., Weayd, N. wade. '
Waad, An'
c.,
theer's a lad ahint weayd for me
Wad
yon trees abeun the
knees,
Nea langer
Waar, Waar,
G.
or, gin ye please, fash us heath, man.' Anderson.
beware. s.w.,
c.,
Ware,
N. to ex-
very well.
Wawwl,
c.,
G. to
rock sideways in walking.
Wad,
Wad,
Wad Wad
'
would.
G.
to len'
me
a shillin'
Wad
ta like
?'
blacklead.
c.
eater, c. India rubber. n't
not do
cud
quiff.
dea't,
c.,
N. could
it.
Waff, Whaff, Often
s.w.
the wail of an infant ; silly talk. ' Wdiowan like a cat.'
Wabble, Waddle, Waggle,
' s.w. the value. I wad n't give t' vallidom of an oald sang for o' t' set o' them.'
Vallidom,
handsome; pleasing
to look upon.
Waaw, Waww,
Usefuller, G. more useful.
'
G.
Viewly,
pend.
c. fit for use.
Use money, Use brass, terest on money lent.
Varra,
Ventersom',
feull.'
adventurous, rash.
G.
So tell yer mind,
are not.
a.
A vayperan'
'
'
N. a dirty
N. to caper; exult;
c.,
vapour.
N. with.
E.
growth.
Urph,
Vayper,
uptak.'
Hoo
a dwarf
a great number or
G. vast,
Varst,
'
G.
puff of
wind;
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Waffish, Waffy,
G.
Wandly,
weakly,
feeble.
Waffle,
c.
Wandy, to waver; to be un-
tt.
decided.
an unsteady person; Waffler, one not to be depended on. Wag by t' wo', c. an old-fashioned clock without a case, and having the pendulum swinging exposed.
willow wand. '
Poor weak, feeble. he's varra wankle.'
G.
Jemmy
!
N. lithe, agile, flexible.
Wannel, Wanter,
a marriageable person.
G.
a.
Wanty,
deficient,
shake
;
to
be un-
Wap,
c.,
Christmas
out-door
musicians.
time small mills of rude construction, turned by water power, for walking cloth, were not scarce and their places still retain the name of Walk Mills. In still older times the walking ;
was performed by tramping with hence the term.
the feet
stone on
end.
its
weak
or illness
;
faint
;
tasteless
;
from want
Warble,
Out c.,
N. to beat; to dangle
to
f
walk with a rockWammelari like 1
'
eel.'
belt
Wand,
won.
'Jackson wan
on Carel sands.'
c.,
Wan, N. having wound
did wind.
a shop's counter,
c.
ware board. the six
G.
Wardays,
work days
of the week.
Wareet, W'reet,
G. right.
Earely
heard.
Wark,
G. ache,
wark
work.
'
slow
It's
wid a
to sup buttermilk
Wark
G.
fwok,
work
labourers,
people.
Warld, Waareld, Warl, N. world.
Warm,
Wnrl,
c., s.w.,
G. to beat.
'Aa'll
warm
tha.'
Warn,
to bid to or give notice
c.
Warn, War'nt, '
warrant.
ing motion. G.
*. e.
of a funeral.
of use 1875.
loosely.
Wammel, G.
the larva of the
G.
insipid.
Wallet, G. a long bag open at the middle and closed at the ends for conveying marketing on horse-
Wan,
wrong.
pitchfork.'
Walking, G. a mason or quarryman's method of moving a flag-
an
a
(Estrus lovis fly which is bred in the backs of cattle.
was formerly performed At that try places by hand.
c.
G.
W'rang,
Walker, G. a fuller of cloth. Much of the woollen weaving War-board, in coun-
Wallop,
;
Seldom heard.
G.
Waits,
Warang,
an idle wanderer.
G.
Waistrel,
back.
wrap or enfold
N. to
bundle of straw.
steady.
Walla,
imperfect,
defective.
G. to
Waggle,
gently, quietly.
slim and flexible as a
c.
Wankle,
G.
109
Warnin',
c.
to
assure
;
it is.'
the circuit invited to
a funeral.
Warridge,
G.
the withers of a
horse.
Warrishin', ;
G.
Aa's war'nt ta
abundance.
c. '
sooins an' yal.'
A
a great deal; warrishin'
o'
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
110 G. to
Warp,
lay eggs. ' Warse Warse, Waar, o. worse. and warse like Wprki'ton clark.'
A
common
toast in former days
was, May niwer wdar be amang us!' meaning both war and '
worse.
Warsen,
Warse ner bad
;
git out,
c.
excessively
something worse than being
across a stream in lieu of a bridge or fence.
grass, c. the plant Euphorbia Helioscopia or sun spurge, Warton, N.W. ! the village and
township of Waverton.
was there;
G.
were
Watter twitch, Wattery
like, G.
ford through a stream.
'I watna what it is' I do not know what it is.
newt or water-
a neglected allowed to
the
G.
game
is
Common
run along.
gill
formerly.
appendages
cock.
G. the
Waugh,
mun-j lands.
appearance of
lonnin, c. lane where water
of a
ask, G. a
the Agrostis
G.
Wattery
See Easter-
c.
Wasterledges,
Watter
bark of a pup or
whelp.
Wax,
G. to
grow
larger
;
c.,
N. a gushing
overflow of saliva.
crashes,
Nasturtium
c.
water-cress.
Wax
c.
end,
and
a shoemaker's
shed, G. within which water gathers towards one outlet.
area
Watter dyke, N.W.
a
ditch
direction.
G.
'
Way, Wea,
N.
woe ;
c. a place in a stream across which a rack or pole is placed to prevent cattle trespass; and the rack or pole itself ; a floodgate. c.
one of the forms
of varicella, or chicken poc.
Watter jaw't,
c.
potatoes left too
long in the water after being boiled are watter jaw't
leevs
to
be sorry.
Ways me Wazes me exclamations of lament. Woe is me !
and
K. a ring cushion to the head for carrying
Waze, Weze, place on
See Boss.
weights upon.
Watter gwoat,
jags,
He
someway out Wigton way.'
or
sowe wide and deep enough to form a fence.
Watter
Way,
!
Watter draw, Watter the
waxed
bristled thread.
!
officinale.
to swell
out.
lizard.
Watter brash,
Watter
Cnicus
rain coming.
Wattles,
there.
Wath, G. a Watna, K.
the
c.
thistle,
vulgarii plant.
Wart
ter?
Watter pyet, c. the water ousel. Watter stang, G. a pole fixed
palustris plant.
ordered out of the house.
Was
the plant An-
c.
gelica sylvestris.
Watter
grow worse.
G. to
Watter kesh,
spoilt.
Weal,
Weeal.
c.,
to select
Weamm, Buy
'
s.w., to pick out.
;
G.
the
Wale,
N.
womb, body.
A horse wid a wedmm An' a meer wi' neann.' Old Saying.
Wear,
N. to turn or stop cattle
or sheep.
Wearin'
Weary, 'It's fell.'
illness, c. c.
consumption.
tiresome, monotonous.
a weary rwoad to Warnel
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Weathered,
a term for hay,
G.
by being exposed
&c., injured
to
wet weather.
Weather
go,
N. woe, pity. for them, poor things
Ts
Weay,
K. the waist
a
;
G.
Weddit,
wedder
s.w.
c.,y., Wed't,
wed-
ded.
Wee,
N.
c.,
N.
c.,
children,
little
ones.
an' stray, c. waif and stray; &c., gone astray, the
cattle,
owner not being known; vagrants without house or home.
Weekiness,
Weeky,
a,
Weaky,
w.,
s.w.
highly bred; of
N.,
c., '
It weets fast.'
whissle, hearty drink.
c.,
N. take a
Aa'll give him c. to beat. a we/tin some day.' Weg horned, c. horns unequally '
Weft,
1
elevated.
ink,
c.
the Veronica Becca-
bunga plant.
Welsh,
c.,
s.w.
c.,
Wesh
c.,
s.w.
We'sga.'
the pool in
foald,
s.w. the
c.,
sheep-
fold near the washing-pool. G. the water in which greasy dishes have been washed.
Weshins,
IJsed for pigs' food. 't,
Wet
with
s.w.
shod,
'
it.
He com
feet
G.
wet in the
Wey, Weyya, c., Wya, s.w., Wey, N. well, why notes of assent or dissent. no.'
to
overturn;
to
IFey,
yes.'
Wey,
a tambourine, and used for lifting grain in the barn ; it is made of a sheep's skin covering a
wooden hoop. Wezzan, c., s.w., Wizzan,
N. the
gullet. s.w.,
Whee, Wheea,
N.
who.
Whaa-iver, s.w.
'
'
Weys, G. beam and scales ; weighs. Weyt, c., s.w. a vessel made like
Whaa, insipid, watery,
tasteless.
Welt,
dub,
'
;
Weeat, s.w. wet,
Weet yer
Well
towns.
We's, s.w. we shall. to Wastle Heead.'
shoes. c.
cum't,
rain.
'
w-C a cwoach.'
good lineage.
Weet,
Waintit, N. just turn'Thunnery weather
Q. talked. She scoaldit and went on at a parlish rate.' Wents, c. narrow lanes in Cockermouth, Workington, and other
We
a. moisture.
moist, juicy.
Weel
c.,
which sheep are washed.
Wee-ans,
Weef
to turn round.
Went on,
Wesh
small.
little,
c.
wents milk.'
N. a
a wedding-party.
G.
Weddiners,
Wend,
ing sour.
waste.
'
'
of the tops of stockings.
Wentit,
!
weather;
Welt, Whelt, Whelk, c. to beat. Welts, c. the rig and fur parts
weay
'
Webster, c., s.w., Wobster, weaver of webs by hand.
Wedder,
upset. Butt welt to turn the huts of sheaves to the wind to
dry.
the end of
c.
rainbow as seen in the morning in showery weather the sailor's warning.
Weayst,
Ill
whoever.
s.w.,
Whee-iver, K.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
112
Whack, G. a blow, thwack. Whacker, G. a large one. Whain, E. to rub or stroke in
the '
a
Whain,
Whaker,
N. quaker.
o.,
G. to
Whale,
cudgel
a beating with a stick.
Whamp,
c.
the wasp.
Keen
'
as
a whamp' o'
'A whang
a lump.
cheese.'
G. to throw; to hit; a a strap used leathern shoe-tie a in stitching cart-harness;
Whang,
;
thong. one.
one.
c.,
'
,
I's
What, What,
we
how's thou;
gaily,
an' what, how's 're
heamm ?
'
o'
at
o'
middlin', aa
think.'
to
c.
overwhelm,
Wheren't, c. milk overheated makes the curd and cheese hard and wheren't.
Whets, whets
of wit.
flashes
c.
we hed tudder
Whew,
Sec
Sec a whew
'
haste.
c.
'
neet.'
What'n?
-s.
what?
'
a thin flake of snow. snow.'
E.
A few whewts o'
Whick,
G. alive,
Whickflu,
c.
Whick'nin',
matter or reason
Whaup,
c.
is
the
K.
G.
pale countenance.
who.
<
Wheea's that?'
Wheelstrake, G. a portion of the iron rim of a wheel formerly applied in six lengths to each wheel.
Wheen, Whun, number; a
few.
N. '
a small quantity ;
Whicks, ;
N. roots of
c.,
young thorns
Whick't,
c.
Whidder,
;
couch-
maggots.
fly-blown.
G. to
an undefined
A whun sheep.'
shudder ; shiver
;
tremble.
?
K. the curlew.
Whay feasst,
c.
1
What n
what
quick.
whitlow.
of yeast sufficient to set a baking of bread to ferment quickening.
is 't?'
What's smatter?
a low modulated
c.
whistle.
grass
Wheea,
thump.
N. a large one.
overturn.
Whewtle,
c.
'
clock
N. to
c.,
Whemmel,
'
Whart, N. quart. What, G. an often used expletive. WTiat Jemmy, how is ta ? '
cheese.'
E. while, whilst.
Whewt,
a stone quarry ; a disused quarry. Seldom heard.
*
or thick slice.
lump
he's in!'
Whanger, G. a large Whap, G. a blow. Whapper, G. a large Wharl,
A wheg o'
Whelker,
G.
Whang,
'
breathing thickly.
a
E.
Whelk,
to beat.
;
Whalin',
G.
Wheg, Whel,
whainan* and wantan' help.'
G.
Wheezy,
'She com
to fawn.
He lolieezles
'
culty. horse.'
He direction the hair grows. whain't his dog down t' back.'
breathe with diffilike a pursy
G. to
Wheezle,
Whidderer,
G.
a very large or
powerful one.
Whin7
G. quiff.
Whiff,
c.,
,
N. a transient
view or
glance. G. whey kept for drinking. If suffered to become sour, aromatic herbs are steeped in it.
Whig,
Whigmaleery, and
useless.
c.
anything showy
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. While, Whel, '
until.
Whiles,
c.,
K.
Wheyle,
Stay while I come back.' somec., Wheyles, N. Wliiles lie's here and
' times. whiles he's theer.'
Whishin, Whisht,
Verstegan, 1634.)
Whisk,
which.
Whilkan',
which one ?
c.
cheese, o. the poorest of cheese imputed to originate in the township of Whillimoor, but common over the county, and never known to strike fire on falling, except once, as mentioned in Martineau's Guide to the Lakes.
and hardest
E. silent; c., Wheem, quiet in speech or action; running smoothly.
Whim,
a low whine or cry. to bed barns, and
Whimper, c. 'Git away
trifle.
Whin, c., s.w., Whim, N. the gorse or furze plant Ulex europceus.
Whin
cowe,
c.,
Whun
cowe, N.
a whin stem or branch.
Whinge,
to whine.
Whinner,
c.,
Whunner,
Whinny,
s.w.,
N. to neigh.
'
musical stones
'
E.C.
bye
N. to
com
She
move
whiskan*
like a fleean' thing.' G. whist.
Od quite ; to requite. Gk>d requite thee. '
c.
white ta
'
!
White, Whittle,
c., s.w.,
Whey te,
N.w. to whittle or cut a stick so that
it is
made N.
Whither,
white.
c. flattery.
Whitefish,
'
forcibly.
to strike or throw girn't an' pick't
He
beanns wid his teeth, and than he whither't them onder t'
his
grate.'
Whither away? you going G.
c.
where are
to ?
a knife.
Whittlegate, c. Formerly clergymen and schoolmasters had the privilege of using their whittles at the tables of their parishioners, at known and stated intervals, by way of helping out their
scanty stipends. This custom prevailed till 1864, and ceased with the death of the schoolmaster of Wasdale Head. G. a hissing sound like the cooling of hot iron in water.
Whizzer, G. a glaring untruth. ' That is a whizzer ! '
Who,
old and curdled but-
termilk.
Whirl bent, Star bent,
o.
the
Juncus aquarrosus plant.
Whishin
'
As whisht
are
made Whir,
N.
'
Whiz,
Whintin, c. a dark-coloured slate found on Skiddaw. When struck it gives out sounds, and the celebrated of it.
Whush,
Whusk,
c.,
Whittle,
niver a whimper' c. a fanciful
Whim wham,
N.
s.w.,
c.,
quickly.
White,
WMllimer
Whushin,
hush, listen, quietly. as a mouse.'
Whisk,
G.
whilk, which.
c.,
cushion.
'While or (In the North of England they yet say ghuilke.'
Whilk,
113
c.,
Wheea,
Whaa, N.
s.w.,
who.
Whe,
Across the
centre of the county, from east to west, this word is pronounced according to the spelling, and not as conventionally spoken, hoo.
,dance,
c.
an
old-
fashioned dance in which a cushion is used to kneel upon.
Whoaraway, away hes
c.,
where.
ta been ?
'
Whoar-
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
114
Will n't, Winnet, Ween't, c., Wullent, Wunna, ;Winna, N.
Whop, c. to whip or strike. Whun, Whin, jr. few. Wimp-while,
c.
the strokes
of
'
Iv'ry
whip.
Why,
c., s.w.,
as
will not.
frequent as
a well-applied
wh up-while.'
Wheye,
heifer
N.
to
c.
!
cry
out
like
a
E.
a twig or small branch.
Wid'am, Wud'am, Widderful,
Widdle,
Wi'am,
c.,
s.w.,
N. with him. c.
N. to fret, to complain.
c., Wuddy, N. withy; a band of platted willows, forming a bad apology for iron, in hanging
gates, but often used in former
days.
geattit, c. walking in a straddling manner; bandy
Widness, Wideness,
c.,
Weyd-
ness, N.W. width.
Wi'awte, s.w. withunless. Hell hev to gang
Wid-out,
c.,
out wid-out
'
Tom gangs for him. Wife day, c. On a birth occurring the neighbouring wives assemble at the house to tea, &c., as soon as the mother is able to receive
company. like,
c.
c.,
Wn' ma,
s.w.,
K.
with me. s.w. (the i short), N. wind; the time occupied in drawing the breath. ' Dick could swallow a quart at
Wind,
c.,
Wun, Win',
my meer at heamm, my meer at heamm.'
o' cworn wi' ye An' wile her heamm, an' wile her heamm.' Old Song,
Wilk, c. the bark of a young dog when in close pursuit. to bequeath. ' He his money to t' dowter.' G.
Wind
c.
egg,
an egg dropped
before the shell
is
hardened.
Window
leuker, G. the inspector of lights when the window-tax
was levied. G. noisy, talkative.
Windy,
wind nor woo'
like
'
Mair
clippin'
a
swine.'
Windy
bags,
G.
an
incessant
talker.
Wine
berries,
K. red currants.
a gladsome exclamaor wonder. what a berry wife,
c.
!
tion '
c.,
in, N. to secure the crop.
Winje
Tak a reap
Will,
Wi' ma,
threatening wild
to lead or entice.
I cannot git I cannot git '
Willy wands, c., Wully wans, N. young shoots of the willow. Wilta? c., s.w., Wnlta] K. wilt
Win c.
weather.
Wile,
(sweet), c. the sweet wilSalix pentandra.
a wind?
Wide
Wild
Sanghtree, N.
s.w.,
c.,
thou?
peevish, irritable.
Widdy,
;
Willy low
whipped dog.
Wicker,
Willy,
wills
i'
the willow.
or quey.
Why-i
'Aa's 0. doubts. whether to gang or nit.'
Wills,
of
surprise
Winje '
puddin
Winnel
!
strea, G. the stem of the 'As waik as a
couch grass. winnel
strea.'
Winnick, N. anything diminuIn playing at pitch and tive. with button tops the small ones are winnicks and the larger ones slaters.
toss
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. and
nearly white, termed.
wince.
c.
Winsh.,
115
N. lively and pretty; of winning manners.
Winsom',
are
thus
Woo', Oo', Ooa, G. wool. Taary woo, taary woo, taary woo '
Winter,
through winter.
G. to live
*T' oald horse
J
ll
hardly winter has hogs
'He sends
ageann.' t' sea side to winter.'
to
Winteridge, the
G.
winter eatage in
field.
Winter proud,
Winter
c.,
s.w. winter wheat in too forward a state of growth.
to spin;
is ill
Card it weel, card it weel, card it weel ere you begin For when carded, row'd, and spun, Then the work is hofelins done But when woven, drest, and clean It may be cleading for a queen.' ;
;
Old Clipping Song.
prawwd,
Winter wood,
c.,
s.w.
Wooshat,
Lanius rufus.
decidu-
ous trees which should he cut down in winter and not peeled. '
the woodchat shrike
E.
Wooshat, Cushat,
Workan' by
weak, worth-
Worriment,
o.
s.w.,
c.,
N. a light
Wusk,
and short shower.
Wisp,
Worchat,
girt, c.
c., s.w.,
ful of
hay
Wusp,
N.
or straw.
G.
Wittin',
G.
harassing annoy-
knowledge, 'I dud f best
gence.
a
Wostler, N.
ostler.
Wramp, Ramp, c. a sprain. hand- Wud, N. mad. Wod, furious or mad. Wee yet retayne, in some '
intellio'
my
parts of England, the word for furiousnesse or wodnes,
madnesse.'
Verstegan.
wittin'.' c. lean,
Wizzen't,
thin, withered,
wizened.
Wo, Woa, Woy, Wee, Wey,
G.
terms used among horse-drivers denoting halt. Woast house, c. the inn where
we put
up.
Woaths, N. oaths. These are in numerous forms, and are best consigned to oblivion.
Wob,
working by
contract.
ance.
less.
Wisk,
the wood-
G. orchard.
She gives Wipe, G. a hint. him many a wipe ahout it.' Wise like, N. wise and prudent.
Wishy washy,
B.
pigeon.
N.
web.
Webster,
Wokan,
awake, waken.
Woke-rife, N.
N. will.
Wummel, G. an augur Wun, c. woollen. to dwell.
N.
Wun',
ayont yon
sleepless.
Wole-eyed, c. Some horses and dogs have one or both eyes
or wimble.
'
Wun', c., N. wound. up his watch.'
Wunsom,
Wunz
!
He wuns
hill.'
'He wun'
N. neat, pleasant.
c.
an oath or exclama-
tion.
Wurn, Wurren,
N. a weaver.
G.
Wull,
of
Wren.
'
Jo'
E. the surname Wurren of Onder-
crag.'
Wussel, Russel,
Wusset,
Wyke,
G. c.
G. wrestle.
worsted. a
narrow
opening
116
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY.
between
Ya, Tan,
c.,
the are wylees.
grounds;
rising
mouth
corners of the
N.
Yin, Yen,
s.w.,
one.
Ya-day,
was yu-day
It
Yaddle,
s.w. to earn.
c.,
Yak, Yaak,
s.w.,
c.,
Yakker,
c., s.w.,
Yek, Yik,
Yikker,
N. acre.
G. acreage.
Yakkeridge,
the maltspire, E. ing process is too long continued and both root and sprout are
"visible,
the barley is yakker spired for malting.
and injured
s.w., Yel, K. ale. c.
Yal-jaw't, ing ale.
sickened by drink-
hammer
Yammer,
or bunting. c.,
N. to talk
much
in
a rambling manner. c., s.w.,
Yananudder,
Yin, Yen, N. one. c.,
s.w.,
s.w.,
Yenan-
Yence, N. once.
(probably a corruption of rap) a mischievous lad. A little dog. Bailey. Aup, used in the north} for a wayward child. c.
Brockett.
N. harsh, sour.
Yar, N. Hearr, s.w. hair. Yark, G. to strike furiously or as hard as he could fiercely '
yark.'
boiled
with
and sugar
for-
funerals
for
merly given at dinner.
a dish of early
G.
composed of young nettles and every wholesome vegetable that the garden affords, mixed with groats, or oatmeal, or skilled barley, and boiled in a bag in broth. The great art in compounding this dish is to have much variety with no predomspring,
Yerbs, Yarbs,
N. herbs.
c.,
Yerdfasts, G. large stones fast in the earth, and near the surface.
Yerls, Yarls, c., N., Arls, N.E. money given to confirm a bargain.
Yerth,
G.,
c.
Yerthful,
N.,
Garn,
and Yurth,
c.
yarn.
N. earth.
greedy as the earth.
pan with a bule or
Yetlin, N. a
ither, N. one another. c.,
butter,
Yern, Gairn,
Yalla yowderin, N. the yellow-
Yar,
Yea's
inating taste.
When
Yakker
bread,
ale
N.
Yelberry,
Yerb puddin',
N. oak.
Yap,
'
shall.
you like.'
binder.
Yadwands, G., Gadwands, E. wands or rods used in driving horses. Not much in use.
Yance,
Yea's, come, ye'r
retrospeclast week.'
Yaddle, c., s.w. to speak quickly and unwisely.
Yan,
s.w.
c., s.w., Yether, Yither, N. a long rod used in hedging ; a
common
a
c. '
tion.
c.,
Yet, N. a gate.
s.w.,
c.,
Yedder, c. able.
Yabble,
Yal,
Yat,
bow.
Yigga,
N. ague.
Yiglet, N. aglet, tag.
Yik, N. to ache.
Yod, Yoad,
s.w.
Yaad,
c., N.,
an
old mare.
Yoller,
c.,
N. to halloo.
Yooer, c., N., Yawer, udder of an animal. Yool,
c., N.,
Yawl,
Yope, Yaup,
whoop
;
c.,
to shout.
s.w.
s.w. to
Yaap,
the
weep. s.w.
to
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Youngfwoks
neet, c.
See Oald-
c., N.
and Jack durnill,
N.,
earth nut
fwoks neet.
Yowe,
117
Yub'n
ewe.
steann,
c.
closes the oven's
Youngermer,
Yowe
N.
chin't,
ewe-cliinned
Yowe
Yuk, c.
N.
yorlin,
Yowe
;
is tickled.
the itch.
Yule,
N. Christmas.
Yur,
c.,
plant
the corn-spurry s.w. Spergula arvensis.
neck't, G. the arch of the
Znkkers!
Zjookers!
neck bending downwards.
Yowe
N. itches
Yucks, ;
locks of wool taken from the udder of the ewe to enable the newly-dropt lamb to find the teat. locks,
the stone that
mouth.
younger persons. c.
chin retiring.
Yowe
the
N.
JBunias flexuosum.
c.,
s.w.
an exclamation of surprise or
yornel,
c.,
admiration.
WORDS OMITTED. B od dam, '
He
G. bottom; to empty. could boddam a quart at a
wind.'
Drufty,
G.
droughty
an elevated and narrow Striding Edge, Branthwaite Edge, &c. c.
ridge.
Full bump, Full drive,
Lang end, G. the final end. Nought at o', G. nothing at
'
plat straw, &c., to gangs plettan his
He
and wammels
like
an
eel.'
G. to trample land in wet weather, and when a cow is said to have seven mouths destroying the grass, viz. four feet, one
Poach,
mouth,
and
two droppers of
very Prickin', c. short thorn branches stuck on the top of an earthen fence.
all
Frost an' snow war nought at o' yan war fain to gang.' Anderson's Impatient lassie.
If
to
excrement. c.
forcibly.
'
c.
twist. legs,
Drooty,
(weather).
Edge,
Plet,
Rackon,
G. reckon, calculate, ' I rackon nought o' disapprove. sek wark,' I disapprove of it.
CLAY AND TATLOB, PBTNTEBS.
SUPPLEMENT. [PREPARED MARCH, 1878, AND PUBLISHED 1879.]
PREFATORY NOTE TO THE SUPPLEMENT.
AFTER zealously collecting the words and phrases of the Cumberland dialect over a period exceeding half a century, and publishing them in the Glossary of Cumberland, and reading critiques thereon expressive of the subject being exhausted, I have been agreeably surprised on being presented with such a valuable store as to justify the publication of a large Supplement.
a most intelligent octogenarian, who, after ' If then I can pick up a word or two which writes the Glossary, perusing I have been used either to understand in a different way, or which may
The Eev. Robert Wood,
'
have a different meaning, or be omitted from the edition published by the English Dialect Society, he will send them and his word or two amounts to about four hundred, very many of which have different These being the meanings or have been omitted from the Glossary. gathering of an educated and observing man over a period coeval with mine, are worthy of record ; and if disregarded now may be lost for ever. They have also been the occasion of calling to my mind a number of There are so many words, and ways of expressing them, omissions. peculiar to the large parishes of Bolton and Westward, and to the adjoining parishes of Wigton, Dalston, and Thursby, that Mr. Wood suggests that a new division, to be initialled B,' or the Bolton district, should be adopted ; and this is done in the following list. The inhabitants '
'
;
'
of these parishes hold themselves somewhat distinct from the N.W. and the N. and E., both in their pronunciation of several words and also in their expression and tone of voice. They also reckon themselves distinct
from what they call the moss troopers of the north of Goslinsyke district of no good repute in the troublous times of old.
A
a
perusal of Mackay's Lost Beauties of the English Language has memory of a few Cumbrianisms deserving of being
also recalled the
perpetuated.
W. Thorncroft,
22nd March,
1878.
D.
SUPPLEMENT. Arsin, B. in leaping unfairly, a boy throws himself on his back and stretches out hia feet.
Aa'd, G. I would, I had. Aa'l, G. I will.
About what, it.
'
c.
the substance of
They bodder't
t'
poor lad,
for they wantit to git shot on him, and that's about ^ohat ) and nowder
mair ner
less.'
Affwordance, G. ability to bear some expence.
Ageaun
grain, G. displeasing ; literally, planing wood in a direction contrary to the fibre. ' I've struggl'd Air, N.W. early. t'
sair, baith late and
air.'
Stagg.
A-lag, B. not sufficiently upright ; too horizontal, as in placing a ladder.
Ally,
B.
See A-lag. the same as Taw.
Ampassy, and, tion
of &.
B. an odd corrup(A mother I have
heard teaching her children the At the end of the letalphabet. ters she came to the contraction '&' for the latin et, and. This contraction standing alone without the c for ccetera she had heard
per se ; but not knowing what per se meant she made an attempt at the sound of the words, and called it empassy and. Rev. called et
R. Wood.}
Aneuff, G. enough as relating to ' T' taties is aneuff.' See quality.
Aneuff.
Ang-ry, sore it
G.
Aawgust,
Applied to a
means inflamed,
painful.
.
,
s . w.
Formerly this
Backins, G. cotton wool prepared for filling up, and clippings of cloth formerly used by tailors for stiffening coat collars.
Bad, bed,
come
G. bade.
'
He bad ma
back.'
Bally Cruds,
B.
milk of a newly
calved cow boiled and turned to See Bull-jumpins. curd.
Balderdash, G. nonsense. Bannock iron, B. a plate to fix on grate bars for baking bannocks.
Barra child's
Batch, <
The
cwoat, c., B. a young under garment. G.
the entire number.
heall batch o' them.'
Batlin steann, B. a clean and broad flat stone placed near a well or stream the linen web laid on the stone and kept wet and beaten ;
with the batlin stick. Batlin stick, Battleder, B. a wooden mallet something like a cricket bat for beating the linen to its being laid on the grass to bleach.
web previous
B., Bask, c. a place on a dry bank or hedge where partridges bask and dust themselves.
Baum, vexed.
c
broad pronunciation was common.
SUPPLEMENT
124 B.
Bawty,
a dog having a white
face is so called.
Beatin* stick,
B.
a stick kept for
stirring the fire in the brick oven. By rubbing this stick on the arch of the oven after the flame has
subsided, the proper heat is known by the sparks emitted.
'They hed
Bed, G. bid. parish to
t'
Bed-gown,
berryin'.' B. a long
o'
t'
dress of
name, reaching to the feet, was in use at an earlier date than this
the short one.
Beck grains,
See
c., B.
Bed-gown.
where a beck
divides into two streams.
Belly kite, B. one who eats unwholesome things.
See Belyve. He Bensal, B. violent motion. com wid a bensal.' See Bensal. B. if
I live.
'
Bet, a. betted, did bet. Berryin', B. a funeral.
Best bib and tucker on,
used in pulling
Binna,
B.
said
off boots.
be not. buzzing as bees do.
Bizzin', B.
Black
bole, G. to polish boots, shoes, &c.
Blashy, tea,
G.
weak, poor; blashy
blashy
yal.
Bleekon'd,B.the skin discoloured by a bruise. Blin' mouse, B. the
Blonk,
c.
shrew mouse.
a blank.
Bo', G. the calf of the leg. bo' o'
;
term. B. to boil the linen web in water and ashes of ashen wood previous to beating on the batlin stednn and bleaching it.
Bouk,
Bowze, B. to rush out, as blood when a vein is cut. Brae, u. a brow, or bank.
Brake,
an
B.
instrument
'
T'
t' leg.'
Bogtrotter,N. Duringthe eventful period of the northern raids,
the borderers were occasionally called bog trotters, from being
for flax.
B. this name is also given to the flesh of sheep dying of this disease. See Brake-sowt.
Brakshy,
Brandreth steann,
c., B.
a boun-
dary stone at the meeting of three townships or parishes. B.
Branks,
common legs
Branlin' B.
an implement
G.
across the exten-
mosses in a gentle trot, when a heavy tread or a short stand would cause immersion or destruction in the bog but moss trooper was the more general
sive
my
of a female in a very fine dress.
Beutt jack,
move
obliged to
breaking the dried stems of
Belky,B. a contraction of bellican; an obese person.
Belyve,
:
bait,
a
game formerly
at fairs
;
and miss
worm,
and so
called also hit
my pegs. c.,
called
B. a good from being
attractive to the brandling trout, or from its brindled markings.
Brat, Brattit, G. a young ewe is bratted to prevent it having a lamb.
Brattle can, B. a noisy child; and c. a kicking cow. in a Bree, B. 'In a girt bree '
great hurry; joyous or uplifted. Breest, G. breast. The kill breest is the horizontal part of a limekiln or drying kiln. Quarry breest and stack breest, the upright part. To breest a hedge is to face it with stone,or sod and stone alternately.
Bridle rwoad, G. a way over which a horse may be led or ridden, but not for other purposes.
Broach, c., which the
B.
a
wooden pin on
ball of
new-spun yarn
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. wound on
is placed to be garn winnelx.
an impudent
B.
Browe,
the
Aa divn't o' thy cantrips. care for tha, God's abeimn the us yen
Just then a whirlwind
deeval.'
lad.
125
Bruffle, B. excitement.
arose (as is frequent in certain electric states of the atmosphere)
Brushin' B. small branches fixed on the top of stedikk ai\d ryse.
and overturned nearly every cock No more cantrips in the field.
B. burst, overworked. Brossen wi' wark.' Buff, c., Boff, B. to strike with an axe and not make a clean cut ; a stroke with a dull sound.
Brussen, '
Bull-ring, G. a ring put through the nostrils of a bull by which he ia led. See Bull-ring. B.
Buoy, little
Bur,
<
boy.
A
bit buoy,'
a
boy.
a hinderer. See Bur.
B.
me.'
Butter sleatt,
G.
'
He
bur't
pounds of butter, and preferred for being always cool.
a coward or timid Probably so named from the ghost moth, Kepialus humuli, which, seen at evening in a churchyard, where it frequents, was formerly an object of superc.
person.
stitious fear.
Caaw,
B. to
walk with the toes
;
'
When
A
Cap, G. to cap corn
Can,
c.
day.'
'
I
am
is
to
put
Cappin, G. a patch of leather on a clog or shoe. Car kist, B., s.w. the body of a Cat-o'-nine tails,
c., B.
nut can gang
Cat saddle,
B.
This and the
Castle ; Dog saddle ; Two a tree and laal Jack gedderan spealls (chips) ; Priest in his pulpot. play.
men haggan
Cat skip,
Chap
B.
a kind of leap.
fo'en, B. disappointed,
the
G.
charm professed
for stopping bleeding could only
one.
when the Aurora
borealis was more brilliant than usual, he used to watch and admire it hence he :
' got the repute of being uncanny.' Walking out one summer evening, one of his neighbours, who had just finished cocking a field of hay, said to him ' Come, Robin, show
chop
fallen.
or vice-versa,
See
to-
Cantrips, B. unearthly deeds. Robert Huntington, of East Curthwaite, was fond of observing natural phenomena. In 1716,
fol-
lowing are forms in which boys arrange their fingers in a certain
woman,
unable to go.
the ear-
wig.
be communicated by a
a foolish person. I'll
cap
better dressed grain at the top of the saok.
Charm, pla-
giarist cabbishes. B.
CrifFel gets a
Skiddaw wots well of that.'
turned inward.
Cabbish, G. to purloin.
Cakum,
!
a cloud on the mountain top a weather presage. c., B.
cart.
a slab of slate
kept in the dairy for holding the
Buzzert,
were asked for Cap,
man
to a
and only to
Charm.
G. a linen hoop for supporting a newly-made cheese. a circular Cheese sinker, G. wooden die fitting the top of the rim when the cheese is in the
Cheese band,
press.
Chepiter day, B. visitation day by the Bishop or Chancellor. c., B. young grouse. Chimla boke, B. See Eantle tree. A beam stretching from the
Chilpers,
'hallan' to the opposite wall of
SUPPLEMENT
126 the
hearth
fireplace.
Ou
this
beam a
slanting wall was built, forming the large open flue for the ' reek ' to pass ; the inner side of the wall being the chimla breest, and the part in the up-
On
the
breast, the drying leg of beef
was
stairs the
chimla back.
hung, with sausages and black and for a time the ; puddings ' ' The hams flicks of bacon. were hung higher up for the Chollers, B. the wattles of a cock.
See Chollers. B. to
give a severe
scolding.
B.
home-made
clay
marbles.
Clincher, B. something that settles an argument. See Clincher. B. to often scold or
up-
braid.
Cobs, Cogs, Snow pattens, snowballs on feet of men
B.
or
horses.
Codbait, Casebait, c., B. a bait used in angling ; the larva of a phryganea.
Coddy, B. a young foal. Cofe heed, B. a foolish fellow. Coitleth, B. cloth for a coat. Cook, B. to imitate the call of the cuckoo. B.
'
Bonny
lass, canny lass, Wilta be mine 1 Thou's nowder wesh dishes Nor sarra the swine But sit on thy crippy,' &c. :
G.
formerly
was
it
considered a mark of gentility to be the owner of a crop-eared or a set-tailed horse for the saddle.
Cross buttock, G. a term in wrest-
the debris of coal
c. to cover a hand-ball with worsted or thread needle-
Cruel,
work.
an
G.
Cuddy,
ass, also a simple-
Cummins, c., B. the barley when malted.
rootlets of
See Scrapple. Creeper, B. the larva of the
Colrik, B.
May
fly.
Crony, c. B. N. a comrade, friend, companion. Cut, G. a certain quantity of yarn. ,
,
Cutlugs, B. (additional) 'and the de'il capt o' mankind.'
Cow
band, G. the cow band of
made
the last century was
of
tough ashwood, and D shaped now superseded by chains.
Cwoort cards,
c.
Cwoat
;
cards, B.
pictured cards.
Co'in', G. a scolding.
Coom,
Crippy, B. a stool.
ton.
Clean heel't, B. active ; and when a person runs away through fear, he shews ( a pair o' clean heels.'
Clowe,
Creuk't axe, Feutt axe, G. an axe having the edge turned inwards ; an adze.
ling.
Clartan, B. besides dirtying, this seems to include wasting time. * Just clartan on.'
Clay daubs,
Crack' t, G. not in his right senses.
Cropt horse,
benefit of being 'reeked.'
Clapper clowe,
:
;
culm.
Corkin' B. a severe heating. Claa, s.w. crow. Crackers, c., B. the air vessels of the Fucus vesiculosiu.
Cwol
G. clay shale or
sill.
sill
overlying coal. B.
Dabbin, Dashers,
a dam.
c., B.
the inside works
of a barrel churn. c.
Baud, fo's
i'
Day by
a flake of snow.
'It
girt dauds.' t'
lenth,
c. all
day
long.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Deall, B. a field near the house
;
B.
Dyl't,
and
croft.
127
worn down with
toil
trouble.
'Deed, B. indeed.
Deed heat,
when
G.
Deetin' sheen, machine.
B.
neither wins.
winnowing
a short upper garment till lately worn by working men.
Dicky,
B.
of coarse linen
a general
bird, G. for a canary.
Dicky
G.
Dicky sark,
name
Ear,
' 0' eke, to help or aid. eeks said the wren, when she let a drop of water fall into the
Eek,
c.
'
!
sea.
G.
Efterword, sion
a word or expresSee repeated.
habitually
Owerword. Esp,
an additional shirt
Near, s.w. the kidney.
G.,
B.,
c.
Hesp,
a gate, &c.
a fastening for
hasp.
j
breast.
Faddeiless stew, B. stewed without meat.
tremulous motion.
Dirl, B. a
Dirty gully,
B.
a butcher's un-
tidy assistant in slaughtering.
Div, B.
do.
'Div ye gang '
Wigton market Dobbin,
Fadge, B. applied to a child as Come accompanying some one. '
to
?
on, leylfadge.'
Faix, or Faith, G. a most binding oath among boys.
an old horse.
B.
Dockin, G. the leaf of the dock reputed to cure the sting of a nettle when rubbed on the place,
Fell thrush,
is
'
repeating B.
Dodlin',
Dockin
B.
is
from Dreuv't.
a coarse woollen cloth, generally blue, much worn in the
Duffle, G.
days of home manufactures.
bad a humour
as not to speak.
Durdum,
the foot being used in their formation.
when
was divided into
Feutt axe,
set
up
country
districts, each answerable for the good behaviour of its inhabitants, meetings were held at the doors of suspected wrong-doers to inquire into the offence. The sentences of such meetings were called the Doordoom ; and, as they were often accompanied with much noise and dispute, hence durdum.
See Creiikt axe.
G.
Feyne, Fine, B. Mr. Wood reminds me that this is not altogether unmeaning (see Pine). It increases the force of the word it is
the
two turves
B.
together to dry.
c., B., N. thirst.
G.
'
Feuttins,
G. in so
the missel thrush.
so called
quite clear, especially half-melted snow. See
Dumps,
B.
an indrawn breath.
Feutt cocks, Grass cocks, c., B. the first and smallest of haycocks,
when not
Drouth,
B.
See
sauntering.
water
Fetch,
Aa'l fettle Fettle, B. to beat. his lug for am.' See Fettle.
in, nettle out.'
Daddle. Dreuvy,
potatoes
joined
to, as
'
fine laal lad,'
where the fine does not qualify the laal but the lad.
bow, c., B. a hoop of whalebone used in filling sausages.
Fill
the nursery names thumpkin, lick pot, lang man, ring man, laal Tommy tidy man.
Fingers,
c., B.
for these are,
Fizzer, B. the same as fiz, only it expresses a stronger hissing.
SUPPLEMENT
128
Green wood fizzes on the fire a drop of water on the heated bars See Fizzer. fizzers. ;
Flakker, B. applied to the fluttering of the heart. See Flakker.
:
a s.w. c., as Scale Force, &c.
Fworce,
waterfall;
not in earnest B. making fun or game of. Gang, B. turn to play. Its thy
Gamman,
;
'
B. to
Flange,
extend in a sloping
direction.
gang noo.' Garth, G. this means when used alone.
Flapper, G. a young wild duck. c., B. the floor.
garden
Fleer,
Fleer't him,' threw See floor.
'
Fleer't, B.
him down on the Flear. Fleukk,
c.
Feather, of the plough sock. B.,
'He
off his pint, and he rest off t' teabble, and
flyp't
flyp't o'
t'
than he Flipe. c.
Flush,
B. ;
flyp't his sel
See
off.'
to spring a woodcock.
Flush, ings
web
remove quickly.
to
B.
Flipe,
the
equal to the surroundan architectural term.
Foald, G. to impound stray cattle in a pinfold. '
Foil,
Eunnin' oald
former following hunting term.
B.
foils,'
courses
a
;
Foor deer, B. front door. Fobs, B. woollen substitutes for shoes in infancy.
See Betitt,
stockings.
a
G.
Geupps,
disease
among
fowls.
Geld, G. cows not in calf. Gentles, G. maggots of the bluebottle fly, used for bait.
Gin keass,
B.
c.,
machinery. Girse cocks,
a house to
when
horses
shelter
drawing
small cocks of
c.
newly-cut
grass.
cocks. Goodin' his
sel, B.
See
Fetitt
indulging.
Graft, B. a grave.
Grally,
B.
disturbance.
See
Skrowe. Granny, G. grandmother. Greased shun, G. a time was when ' weel greas't shun ' was the prevailing
mode with common
and no
people,
blackballing.
A
dancing master noted for his well shoes was
polished
nicknamed
'
B. crafty.
Foxy, Foz bog, B. a shaking bog. See Totter bog. Freckled sky, c. mackerel sky. B.
Freedom,
cease play.
See
Barley play. Frem'd,B. dry, cold, and ungenial
;
applied to weather. B. applied to window panes encrusted with frost.
Frostit,
Frowsy, Fry,
G.
B.
an overgrown woman. 'Mudder
pig's liver.
sent us a fry
Funny beann, elbow.
o' t' killin'
B.
day.'
the point of the
Boly his leann,' or alone, B. Green side up, G. arable land in grass.
Grimes, G. flakes of soot. Grip, G. to take firm hold of. See Grip. Gudge, c., B. a scooping chisel ; a gouge.
Hinmest o'
o'
three
;
three, c. hindermest B. a game played on
village greens.
Hitch, B., Hop, one foot.
c.
a spring from
Hobthrush, Eobin Goodfellow^* See
Hobthrush.
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Hod
te tail i' waiter, B. so long as a fish is not completely out of water there is hope for it. See te tail i' watter. G. the mane of a horse clipped so as to stand upright like the hristles of a hog.
Keavv. Kelt cwoat, c., B., E. a home spun coat of coarse cloth of mixed white and black wool.
an enter-
tainment on taking possession of a
new
dwelling.
goes
a sort of slang
it ? G.
'
how are you ] engrafted on the dialect. Other and more legitimate modes of saluting are, How preuvv ye ?' How fend ye ? Are ye gaily ? ' Are ye middlin' weel 1 &c. '
substitute for
now
'
'
'
He telt matter. outs about it.' Iron ub'n,
c., B.
a
ma flat
o' t'
ins an'
bottomed
baking in, a fire being placed on the lid as well as below Now superseded by the pan. for
and sheet-iron ovens.
cast-iron
Izzert, G. the old letter
Z
name
of the
(zed).
Jacky steanns,
Wood
The Eev.
B.
says he was lately reading an account of a piece of statuary
found at Pompeii, showing two boys playing at Jacky steanns. The work seemed of Greek origin, and shows that the Komans derived not only their arts but their games from an older civilisation.' c., B.
a teetotum
;
the Tipula or long-legs insect. Jew't, G. cheated.
Jimers,
B.
ges.
See
small cupboard hin-
Jamers.
a short upper garment or jacket worn by females.
Joop,
B.
Joop't, B. to be by a woman.
wood
twisted;
Kest, G. a swarm of bees overturn sheaves of corn
;
to for
drying.
Kill
domineered over
the fireplace
G.
ee,
of a
drying kiln.
Kilty cwoat Peggy,
B.
a
woman
who tucks up her clothes to work
;
a careful one.
Two rams Kipple, B. couple. chained together by their horns are kippl't.
Knack
reel, Click reel, G. a reel turned by a handle and giving a click when a certain number of threads had been wound ; these were bound together forming a '
E.
'
Jenny Spinner,
B.
c.,
'
'
Ins an' outs, G. the whole of the '
known by
made untrue by rapid drying. See Kessen.
'
pan
feasst, B. well
Kessen,
hold.
How
Kent
the countenance.
to drive a trout into its
B.
Hull,
all
directions through newly-made butter to extract hairs, &c. See
Hod
c., B.
the cry of a goose. pass a knife in
B. to
Keavv,
Hog meann,
House warmin',
G.
Kayk,
129
cut,'
and so many cuts made a
hank. There were two other reels called hand reels, a longer and a shorter ; and as the threads were wound on, the count was made by repeating 'yan to yan, two to yan, thou's yan ; yan to two, two to two, thou's two;' and so on. Another was the elbow reel, whei-e the thread was wound over the elbow, and between the thumb
and
fore finger.
Kiiifel,
Kurk
B.
to
pass away time
See Knyfel.
idly.
louse, B.
the
wood louse
Oniscus.
Kurn
stofe, B. the staff fitted for working up and down in a hand
churn.
SUPPLEMENT
130
Laggy last, behint behind.
lag the
ma last, Harry who
one
lags
long or wish
for.
See
Lang.
Nea
creukk, B. the crook hanging from the chimla boke, many from four to six or seven feet in
Lang
length.
the
B.
Lant,
of loo.
game
A
distinction is
made between Lant
and Lanter.
Five cards are re-
quired for the latter. The proper designation maybe three-card loo
and
G. to go away. 'It's gittan leatt an' I mun mizzle'
Mizzle,
G. to
Lang,
c.
B.
;
deers, B. the passage between the front and back doors of a farm house. See Mel door.
Mel
See Lalder,
B.
Ladder,
:
five-card
The manner
loo.
co' for
no reason
G.
't,
Neuk- window,
for
it.
In old farm
B.
houses there was generally a small square window in the corner nearest the fireplace of the house or sitting room, with two larger and mullioned windows on the
same
side.
Nibbleties, N. novelties. nibbleties as
guod as
'Wi'
nyce.' Stagg.
Nin, G. none. My ruudder she thought nin like me.' Anderson's Mr. Wood gives Daft Watty. this as an illustration of the very common custom, in Cumbrian speech, of using both the noun and the pronoun in the same '
of playing is also different.
course
;
c.
Latch,
the inner loin-fat of the
B.
Leaf,
an occasional watera miry place. a deep cart-rut.
B.
Latch,
See Saim.
pig. 1
clause of the sentence.
the ball thrown over the school-house. See Hee bo* leep.
Lee CO
c.
,
G.
Leet,
light
nounced
formerly pro-
;
As limp as Limp, an empty stocking.' Line wheel, G. the wheel on '
which linen thread
is
spun.
G. a leap or jump, either running or standing. The various kinds include Catskip, one hitch or hop and one jump. Hitch
Lowp,
steppiu' hop, step, and lowp ; c. a hitch, a step, and a leap. two hitches, two steps, Otho leap.
two
hitches, step,
and a
Lubbart,
Lug,
Nutcrack
feass, B.
nose and chin
approaching.
leeght.
flexible.
c.
and a
't, B. to omit counting a point at the game of Noddy.
Noddy
leap.
c., B.
c., B.
two a hitch, a
Lang spaug steps,
Or, G. ere, before. nut come or April.' B.
Ours,
a
'
curious
Cuckoo
'11
See Or.
excision
The
wife, instead of saying husband,' calls him ours.
'
!
my See
Oor Wife. Out houses,
G.
farm buildings
and not dwellings.
Ower
teiinn, B.,
Ower word,
c.
words repeated at the end of a verse
;
a habitual saying.
Pack threed,
G. coarse
thread
;
nonsense.
a lazy fellow.
the turned-up part of
the paring spade.
Tak t' dog Lurry, c. hurry and lurry them sheep away.' '
Pain, B. that part of the common which was forbidden under penalty to be dug for turf.
A
' bad teuthPast, a. beyond. wark's past o' bidin'.'
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Pwoke
Peat pot,
G. the hole out of which peats have been dug. Penny doctor, B. a small red
Quartern,
Pent, G. paint.
Pin pointing
B.
too
work
Quit, G. rid of; the act of leaving.
tool.
exact
Quits, G.
in
be quits
trifles.
commonly used Ton my word.'
very '
B.
c.,
when
it
Raiser, G. an additional ring put under a hive of bees to afford more room.
upcasts part of its food. c. same as Lamplugh
puddin'.
Randy, randy whang,
Prick, B. for fastening clout, string for tying ; a skewer.
and
string.
gat puddin' and some gat prick : They war n't warst oft 'at gat clout
Rebbat,
force.
G.
a bag for con-
taining herb pudding, potatoes,
during boiling.
Puddin' clout,
G. a linen cover for dumplings, &c., whilst being
cooked.
Pulpot,
Fund
o.
pulpit.
s.w. butter c., in pounds in contradistinction to being done up in bulk.
butter,
made up
Pun'
o'
mair weight,
B.,
c.
one
on the ground and boy several others upon him one at a time. being laid
Purls, B. dried lighting
fires.
cowdung used for
young
G. rivet.
Reed rowe,
B.
red raw, applied
to a sore before
to lick.'
Puddin' pwoke,
an out-
Rantipow, N.W. a termagant. Rantle tree, B. See Rannel tree.
Some
Nursery Rhyme. Prut ! Prut ! G. a call to a horse to come. This word or sound cannot be expressed in writing. It is a jarring expulsion of the breath and voice through the lips with
B.
rageous person. Range, c., B. to exercise a horse in a ring.
Sing, sing, what mun I sing ? Cat's run away wi' t' puddin' pwoke
'
both
Raid, N. a hostile incursion.
an infant possets
Prent, G. print.
some
deunn, an' let's Double clear.
It's
for
Powsowdy,
'
' '
or quits,' a betting proposal.
upon.
Posset,
a quarter of a pound
G.
of flax ready for being spun.
Pick, G. a coal hewer's
G.
shakkin's G. the youngest
child.
bodied beetle.
Ton,
131
See
Reeght, c. right See Beet. i
it
Reed row. ;
begins to heal.
now out of use.
Reek't, smeuk't, G. applied to hams and other meats cured in
smoke.
a slender iron pin on which the bobbin was placed when the spun thread was wound off. Rim, B. the rim of a spinning wheel included all that part of a wheel which was turned round, viz , the rim proper, the spokes, and the nave. Reeler,
B.
(often with a brass head)
Ripple, B. to ripple flax
is
to
pull off the seeds.
Rivy rags,
B.
one given to waste.
Ruffs, B. defective
parts of the
ears of corn ; light grain boiled for cattle food.
Ruft,
B., E.
and
chaff'
to play a card of a See Rift.
different suit.
SUPPLEMENT
132 Rummel't
'taties,
'taties,
chop't
B.,
boiled
c.
potatoes
mashed and mixed with milk and butter.
Run
to
B.
bull-neck,
proceed
:
and drest the birch or sycamore wine made or formerly, the home-made web bonked. ;
;
steull, Sheep furm, G. a on which a sheep is laid to
Sheep seat
be shorn or salved.
rashly.
Shoe B.
a
B.
a
Sally sober,
game among
girls.
c.,
stone
shelf,
commonly near the kitchen door, and if inside, with a hole through it as a sink. See Sconce. c. the smallest value. nut give a scorrick mair.' Let's tak 'Scover, N. discover.
Scorrick, I'll
'
a scover through the fair.' Stagg. Scowp, B. to empty out. See
patch
of
G. to put a child into a short dress for the first time.
Scowp.
to separate small seeds
B.
See Scree.
from corn.
a great many.
B.
Scrowe, scrowe
Scug, B. hedge ;
'
A
Scrowe. to shelter under a to hide. See Skug.
o' f\vok.'
Sea purse,
c.,
B.
See
the egg of the
dogfish.
Searent,
Sitfast, Setfast, G. a substance in a sore.
c., B.
seared.
Seavv his bacon,
G. to escape.
Seed-fire, G. the fire
drying kiln,
under the
made with the husks
of dried oats.
Seet, G. sight. sect to see.'
'
I
was a grand have heard old
It
people pronounce this word seeght.
See-howe G. the note (dwelling on the first syllable) given on !
discovering a hare in her form.
See-how't,
B.
Shank pan,
pursued. G. the gradation
according to size is laal (leyl, B.) pan, shank pan, bule pan, iron ub n, keall pot, set pot, brass pan the last a large vessel used when the killed pig was to be scalded
hardened
Sizel, c. to saunter.
Shrosies, B. -white sweet cakes. Qy. Shrewsbury cakes. Shurdavine, B. a short and fat person.
Singan ninny,
Scrabble, B., Scribble, c.to scrawl with a pen on paper. Scree,
.
Shorten,
Sconce,
*
a
cappin, on a shoe.
leather
cake
B., E.
common at
Skeevs, stems
a rich girdle
Alston,
broken pieces of the
B.
of
flax '
dressed.
not
A
sufficiently
skeevy rockful.' Skilly, B. thin broth or soup. See Skilly. Skipjack, B. a beetle (elator) which laid on its back recovers its feet by a &udden spring. B. a severe beating. Skutter, B. to run without drawing attention. See Skutter.
Skowe,
Slab,
c.
smooth, soft; the out-
side plank.
Slatter can, B. an untidy person. Sleatt off, G. somewhat lunatic.
spoken of female when an upper garment is
Sleattit, c., B. attire
too short for covering an under one.
Sledder, shoes
B.
to
much
walk about in too
large.
See
Sledder. Sleugh, B. a white grub found in watery places, and used as a bait for trout.
Slip, G. a child's pinafore.
Slop, B.
See Slorp.
133
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. Slopper, B. to bespatter. c., B.
Slops,
fragments
that
left.
a firstborn who had never seen a baby larger than a doll, when he was shown his newIt is a born sister, exclaimed smasher a large one. See
Smasher,
B.
'
'
!
Smasher. B. to spot.
Smudge,
Snot.
See Snork.
B.
'
Tak
snowks, lads, an' it '11 scunner gang away,' said he who had caused an evil smell among girter
his fellow
workmen.
Sparables, G. short nails for shoe heels, in the shape of sparrows' bills.
Spreckelt, G. spotted, speckled. c., B.
Spring,
Stove,
slender
and weakly-
grown rushes. c., B.
a quill pen
G.
B.
is
when
the cleft of
'
G. cost.
Them lambs
stand me in laal short of a pund a piece.' G.
the pain accompanying See Stank.
the short groan.
Steaddlin', B. a stand for bees.
See Steaddlin', Steep, G. cheese rennet.
Stowter, B. to stagger or stumble. He stowtert ower, and down he went.'
Strucken, G. fly blown. Su, G. a sow. Su, G. did sow. cworn yisterday.'
Stiffener, B., Stiff an', c. a manifest falsehood. That is a stif' fener '
G.
a note used to alarm '
He
su
his
Sunkets, N.W. query something. But syne 't 'ad pleas'd the pow'rs abuin
To
shield them frae annoy, 'Twas mete that sunkets theydevis'd This pestment to destroy.
Swarm,
B.
an overpowering host
lice.
B. to use by little and according to the song of the swallow. See Swattle.
Swattle,
da y>
Barns were
full of
corn and hay
;
Now we've come back at cheery May day, It's all swittled
Swifts,
G.
and swattled away.
See Garnwinuels. If
Swifts stood distinction, upright, six or seven feet high ; winnels moved horizontally.
any
feast, B. an entertainment after killing a pig.
Swine
heel, G. the crooked part of the scythe blade let into the shaft.
Sye
!
!
'
Switchin',B. one of the processes of dressing flax by hand.
Steiidd, G. stood, did stand.
Stigh
slate
When we went away, at Michaelmas
too long.
'11
Stank,
a place where
pencils are got from the clay slate overlying the coal measures.
little,
Stand, G. the large washing-tub in which the doUy is worked. Stand,
stolen.
Stown, Stowp,
of c.
Sprung,
bees with brim-
G. to stifle
stone.
Stagg.
the cleft of a quill
pen.
Sprits,
'
;
'
Snot, B. the unconsumed part of the wick of a candle. See
Snowk,
G. 'I can't stomach cannot believe it.
Stomach,
.
'
pigs ; probably get to thy stye. Stob, B. a splinter entering the flesh. See Stob.
Sye
nail,
B.,
Grass nail,
c.
a
small iron hook connecting the scythe blade with the shaft.
Sye nog,
c.
the handle fixed on
the scythe shaft.
SUPPLEMENT
134
Tak neyberheed,
B.
accept assist-
When
a poor person dies the neighbours subscribe to bury him.
ance.
lash, B. the weakest part of a brewing of ale ; generally three kinds yel, or yal ; smo' beer, and tap lash. 'Taty gun, G. a pop gun made of a goose quill, and the quill punches the bullets out of a slice
Tap
of potato.
See 'Taty hash.
'Tatyseoose, B.
Taylear, G., Teaylear, N.W. tailor.
:
Tummel
G. to
empty;
Thea,
B. these.
Thick
o'
to
pour out.
hearin', G. partially deaf.
Things, G. any necessary matetea things, dinner things,
rials
&c.
Thole,
c.,
N. to B.
Thropwife,
endure
;
to suffer.
A
See Thrang.
correspondent writes that he did not know Throp, and that Throp's wife hung herself in her dishclout, inferring that care and anxiety killed her.
game where the Tig, c., touching of wood gives freedom. a
B.
Tit for tat,
you
Tom
G.
giving as
much
as
fall.
Tum'ler, G. an ale glass. Originally this was a round bottomed glass which could not be made to stand, and was obliged to be emptied at once, or held in the hand. to shake
B.
Tweezle,
'
violently.
Theer
man
as the
!
or ruffle
tweezle't up,'
when the wind
said
gale and he secured his own crop.
was blowing a
Twig, B. to lay hold of the meaning to twig ;
'
hair.
Teem,
apt to
tails, B.
had
to catch or pull his
;
a twiggan neet
It's
B.
Twitter,
See
near.
very
o'
and
as if it grasped land water keenly. See Twig. frost'
Twitter. the higher.
Uppermer,
c., B.
Up
to be even with
c.
wid,
raise or
'
lift.
;
He up wid
to his
neef and doon't him, and he was ' up wid him than !
He
n't, G. used not. n't to be so queer when he '
Use
use was a
lad.'
View
hollo,
the cheer given
G.
when the hare
is killed
by the
hounds.
get.
Toom, Turn,
B. to
Trudgin, B. spoken of a some one. Truncher,
game
B.
'
'
little
trudgin
boy following
See Truncher.
requiring
A A
dexterity. young man lies flat, resting only on his toes at a certain mark at
one extremity, and on a trencher in each hand at the other. He then tries to reach out the trenchers as far as possible, and if not held at the right angle and edgewise, down they go and he is defeated,
one year's shoot
of the willow.
tease wool. leyl
G. the
Wand,
tayleor, B. a water insect.
Want, '
G.
to deserve or require. a good skelpin to mak
He wants
him behave
his
sel.'
to ware, to spend. nobbet .war't sixpence at t'
Waar,
War,
c.
were.
G.
'
He
fair.'
(Pronounced
short.
yet, B. a heck hung below a waiter stang or pole, to act
Watter
as a fence.
Wangh,
B.
a
weak
scent.
meat begins to decay a waitgh.
See
it
When
gives out
Waugh.
135
CUMBERLAND GLOSSARY. G. this is used as expressive ' It's a of comparison or degree. lang way better to gang that way, for it's faraway t' baiuer way.'
Way,
Wee,
a thief in the candle.
G.
Wayster, N.
Wee
little;
an',
N.
a
small one, a child. '
on, G. continued. They went on fratchan at a parlish rate.'
easy circum-
G. in
off,
stances.
Weshers,
the inside works
B.
whim.
Whew!
manner,
Whim.
See
B.
c.
given to whims and
fancies. B.
'
B.
Whopper,
a
big
See
lie.
Whapper. hand, G. the advantage. Whurlygig, Whirlgig, B. a small shining beetle that disports itself on the surface of water, constantly
round and round, and
circling
diving
if
B.
wool
is
a wheel on which
G.
spun. It's
G. wrong. wrang to wrang ennybody.'
ever
;
Wuzzel,
Yak
Awivver,
B.,
c.
B.
the weasel. B.
talking G.
cubbert,
much.
dating about
There are many large oaken cupboards built into the 1640.
internal walls of old farmhouses.
when a
B. said person begins to yawn.
Yems,
&
Heamms,
B.,
See
hames.
c.,
c.,
s.
w.
Heamms. Ye'r, s.w.
Yer, G. your.
you
are.
B. earl.
Yuri,
Yet stoop,
A. Ireland
how-
indeed.
Yerl,
the frame work on the
of.
B. wills ; will. Sometimes a bargain is closed on a bystander ' Come ov his wulls.' saying,
a vice or iron screw.
process in drying. B.
aware
is
Wulls,
disturbed.
Wind row, B. peats or turves set up in a long row, being the second Wires,
;
Yance to bed,
Whup
Winch,
knows
B.
See Cap.
Yaddearn,
a slight cleaning. She gev't a whisk an' a kengeud.' See Whisk.
Whisk,
clog sole.
'Wuvver,
an expression of
contempt.
Whimmy,
a thin
Wrang, 'Rang, of
quiet
c.,
B.
of leather nailed on to connect the upper leather with the
band
Woo wheel, c., B.
of a barrel churn.
Wheem,
.
Woatin', woat leather,
Wots,
Went
Weelish
spindle of a spinning wheel, with crooked wires to guide the thread to the bobbin
B.
gate post. Yope, G. a constant talking in a See
loud voice.
Yuly, yuly,
B.
geese together.
Co., Pall Mall, Manchester.
Yope.
a call to bring
WOEDS IN USE IN
WEST AND BAST CORNWALL.
GLOSSARY OF WOEDS IN USE IN
CORNWALL.
BY MISS
COURTNEY.
M. A.
(Jomfoall BY
THOMAS
Q.
COUCH.
LONDON: PUBLISHED FOR THE ENGLISH DIALECT SOCIETY,
BY TRUBNER &
CO., 57
&
1880.
59,
LUDGATE
HILI,.
CLAY AND TAYLOR, THE CHAUCEU PRESS.
CONTENTS.
I.
II.
SBest dTorutoaU.
BY Miss M.
A. COURTNEY.
INTRODUCTION
...
...
...
...
...
ix
GLOSSARY
...
...
...
...
...
1
ADrENDA
...
...
...
^,.
...
65
(East
CorntoaU.
BY THOMAS
Q. COUCH.
INTRODUCTION
...
...
...
...
...
69
GLOSSARY
...
...
...
...
...
"5
...
101)
ADDENDA
[In the sketch map which faces the title-page, it should be understood that the Mr. Couch writes line of demarcation is only approximately indicated. " From long observation I can distinctly trace the western brogue and speech beyond Truro eastward, though it has become shaded off." J. H. N.] :
BY MISS M. A. COURTNEY.
.
INTRODUCTION.
1.
Decay of
the Dialect in
West
3.
Cornwall. 2.
4.
Pronunciation and Grammar.
Proverbial Sayings.
Names. The Present Glossary.
^.Cornish
5.
1. WITH the introduction of railways and the increased means of communication, that has brought and brings every year more
strangers to
West Cornwall,
giving place to a vile
the peculiar dialect
is fast dying out, with a redundancy of Cockney pronunciation
The younger generation
h's.
are
expressive words their parents
ashamed of and laugh
use.
One seldom now
Shaksperian terms as giglet, a giddy girl weigh ; nor the old form of the plural peas
and
;
;
But in the outlying
stonen.
2.
hears such
fadge, to suit
fishing villages
en,
peize, to
;
housen, houses
nor derivative adjectives with the prefix
the dialect
at the old
;
peasen,
such as feasten
and inland parishes
still lingers.
A
stranger meeting one of our country labourers or miners
on the " Downses
"
(downs), and asking
him
a question,
would
pro-
bably have some difficulty ih understanding the answer. Should the words in which it was given be common all over England, the singsong drawling tones of the high-pitched voice, and the different sounds given to the vowels and diphthongs, would greatly puzzle him. The pronunciation differs considerably in places not more than ten or twelve miles apart, and persons
make
who
live in
Penzance and
the dialect their study, can easily distinguish a St. Just from a
Newlyn St. Ives.
or
Mousehole man, and both from a native of Camborne or The most marked difference in speech, however, is found
X
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
between the dwellers on "the mainland" (Penzance, &c.) and the " Scillonians." or, as they would call themselves,
inhabitants of Scilly,
thread becomes " tread," and three " tree." / is changed " " oiles " but a into oi, as pint, " point ; isles, ; point -would be a " bile." Their and boil are voices, too, "pint," pitched in a different
With them
Although none of the islands are more than three miles from 011 which is Hugh-town, the capital, each " Off-oisland " has a pronunciation of its own, and the people on St.
key. St.
Mary's, the largest,
" Mary's often laugh at the peculiarities of the Off-oislanders." They are fond of giving their children Scriptural names Obadiah, Methuselah, Melchizedek,
Emmanuel, Tobias; which they shorten
Diah, Thus, Dick, Manny, all the villages of West Cornwall.
known
shalalhashbaz, although
bear the names of
Of the I
county
dialect
into
This custom formerly prevailed in
Bias.
One man was
baptized Maher-
and women
as Maal,
live
who
the eastern part of
the
still
Loruhameh and Kerenhappuck. and pronunciation
know from
of
personal experience next to nothing, never
having spent more than a few weeks in that locality, except that the vowels are broader and the consonants harsher than in West Cornwall,
and that
it
resembles the dialect of Devon.
The following in the Land's
A
table will
End and
pron. aa
:
call,
show the
peculiarities of pronunciation
adjacent districts
caal
;
half, haalf
reading, with old parish clerks
and
;
:
master, maaster.
others, is haave.
Have, in
(au Scilly
:
call,
caul.)
A, pron.
ee
square, squeer
:
Ai, pron. ae,
E, as yallow
;
e,
;
care, keer.
both vowels sounded
:
nail,
with but few exceptions, where
tail, tael.
nael; it
becomes
a, as
yellow,
secret, sacret.
Ee, as
i,
in been, bin
Ea Ea
diphthong, as ai
En
in earth
;
:
and meet, meat, mait
mit. ;
clean, clain
;
bream, braim.
in heard, heerd.
and ear
is
sometimes spoken with a faint sound of y
ycarth, year. " En is sometimes also separated, as e-arth, we-ar, at Zennor. ,T.
W.
INTRODUCTION.
Ea Ea
in proper
names
Ei diphthong, receive, /,
/,
sound
in tea retains the old
where
pron.
pron.
is
pron.
ee,
0, as
;
say.
Tredrea, Trediay
seine, seen; except in
;
shiver, shever.
;
as kite (the bird), keet
le diphthong, pron. a 0, as
Pendrea, Pendray
:
a.
as river, rever
e,
and sea becomes
as skein, skeen
ee,
becomes
it
ay
tay,
II
:
;
child, cheeld
believe, b'lave
;
&c.
relieve, relave.
;
a ; grow, graw ; know, knaw ; &c. u : column, culumn pollock, pullock. ;
O, as o where
u in other counties, as front, not frunt
it is
;
among,
not amung. in won't as a long, wan't.
In proper names the o in the
prefix Pol
always long, as Poltair,
is
Poletair; Polsue, Polesue. Oo,
preceded by
h,
oo
is
long
not huod
hood,
:
;
hook, not
huok.
U is pronounced as G
sometimes
y, as angel,
more than one goin
;
anyel
puzzle, puozzle.
j
stranger, stranyer.
;
g
is
In words o
omitted, as going
b in peat, beat.
in sp retain the old form ps, as clasp, claps
;
hasp
;
hack,
crisp, crips.
Y in yellow
is
often changed into
Old people generally add y hacky
dull, duol
syllable ending in ing the
Words ending ;
:
singing, singin.
P as haps
u in pull
;
paint, painty
fect part., as
"
walk, walky
;
j, jallow.
to the infinitive, as dig, ;
diggy
and put an a before the imper-
goin' a diggin'."
Be commonly takes the place of are, and be not is corrupted into b'aint ; and when preceded by the verb the pronoun you is almost invariably changed into to Mittin, are 'ee
son
is
applied to
" 1
all
'ee,
as "
Where males,
are
Whur
be
'ee jailin,
my son? Goin' my son ? (my
walking so fast,
you and even occasionally
to females.)
Going
you? (A Mittin or a Mittin-house is a Noncon" You b'aint a formist, generally a Wesleyan, Chapel.) goin' to do to Meeting, are
" et,
sfire-ly?"
Ess-fye
" up your churs 1
!
I be." (Yes, I am.)
"Hav"ee most
(Have you most finished your housework
?)
catched "
Did
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
Xll
knaw sich a you ever know such ever
'ee
g'eat
maazed antic in
mad
a
fool
&c.
?)
"
all I'll
" your born days 1 (Did gi' 'ee a click under the
y-ear." (I'll give you a box on the ears.) Verbs and pronouns are often used in the second person singular instead of the second person plural, as " Coom thee wayst in, thee g'eat chucklehead, or I'll gi' 'ee a scat
the wrong side
'ee grizzle
but gammut.
(Come
in,
o' th'
on the chacks that
moueth.
you great
Thee thinkst
'ull
o'
stupid, or I will give
maake
nawthing you a slap
make you laugh the other side of your mouth. think of nothing but play.) "Beest 'ee goin' to painty to-day,
in the face that shall
You Jan
"
(Are you going to paint to-day, John
1
Him
T)
as " I don't think
much of "n." " "a CPeat takes the place of great, as bufflehead (a great g'eat and
fool); bra
1
it
are contracted into
of brave,
"a
'n,
bra' fine
'
very fine day). "And preceding one to the latter
day"
between two adjectives applies the
(a
and wicked,' bravely or very wicked, although brave alone The article a is put J. W.
bra"
would be a term of commendation."
" a bellers " "a before plural nouns, as trousers," (bellows).
The finish
" I must is very commonly used after verbs, as " " I must do work," up my odds and ends ; and where " Take take two in would be as
preposition
up
my
up
in other places
up
used,
loaves for to-morrow."
(not
Sometimes a superfluous verb
is
in)
"I added, as
looked to see."
The Cornish more, says
Tom
are fond of doubling their negatives,
" Never no
Collins."
"
When And
he died, he shut his eyes, never saw money no more."
Old Nursery Rhyme. " " I don't knaw, ant I (I don't to a question
is,
" Not as I
know, not
knaw
I)
" by," or
;
and a favourite answer
Not
as I
know,"
all pro-
nounced quickly as one word, "Notsino." Couldst, wouldst, and " How cu'st shouldst are contracted into cu'st, wu'st, and shu'st ; as such a big fool?" "Thou shu'snt tell such lies;" (thee) be " " Wu'st 'ee But to multiply examples would take too (thee) do et 1 much space for an introduction, and to those especially interested in
'ee
this
branch of the subject, I would recommend the works of the
INTRODUCTION. late Tregellas, Bottrell's first
Cornwall,
Xlll
Traditions and Hearth-side Stories of West
and second
series;
and a
little
work by "Uncle Jan
Trenoodle" (Sandys), which contains amongst other things a lection of poems in the Cornish dialect by Davies Gilbert.
Like
3.
col-
other Celts, the Cornish are an imaginative and
all
and pithy proverbs. " so drunk that he couldn't see a hole " in a nine-rung ladder ; of a piece of beef " as salt as Lot's wife's elbow." woman a few days since in describing the " Bal gals," poetical people, given to quaint sayings, similes,
I have heard of a
man
being
A
"
"
and another that some " was as hardened as Pharoah." You may be often greeted on boy " welcome as flowers in May." A You are as entering a house with,
said,
they were
all
as sweet as
blossom
;
servant when she adds a little hot to cold water, will speak of it as " he's " labourer will tell you that taking the edge off the cold."
A
sweating like a fuz' bush (a furze bush) on a dewy morning." Any one who has seen such a thing will recognize the force of the simile.
Once
I
End
asked an old Land's
guide what
made
all
those earth-
which we were passing ? His reply was, " " What rich never have in your house, a want (a mole). you people Few proverbs express more in a few words than the following
heaps in a field through
:
" Those that have marbles may play ; but those that have none must " Tis well " You've look on." that wild cows have short horns." " no more use for it than a toad for a side pocket." All play and no play, like Boscastle Market,
which begins
at twelve o'clock
and ends
at noon."
A
great
many
worthies, such as
:
of the sayings relate to long-since-forgotten " But " Oh says Parson Lasky." my blessed !
parliament, says Molly Franky." " Like
Nicholas
wedding."
A
Kemp, you've
side, like
Smoothy's
occasion for all."
"
Kate Mullet, and she was hanged for a fool." few may be interesting from an antiquarian point of view
knowing "
"All on one
To be presented
wrought Trojan."
As
as
in
Court."
"
Down
:
well
Halgaver Kingston worth London town dear bought." " Working like a " As " As " As deep as Garrick." bright as Dalmanazar."
is
ancient as the floods of Dava."
an explanation.
Of
the two last I have never heard
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
XIV
its own particular saint to which the church is " There are more saints in Cornwall than there are in
Each parish has dedicated.
The
heaven."
dedication
to
Monday
saints' feasts are
held on the nearest Sunday and
The
Sunday and Monday.
day, Feasten
inhabitants of every parish have a distinguishing nickname.
One
curious custom
woman
is
nearly obsolete, that of speaking of
a
"Kitty Ben Eoscrow," "Mary Peter Penrose," instead of Kitty, Be a Roscrow's wife, &c. 4. Cornish proper names of men and places have the accent married
on the second
as
syllable, as Borla'se,
Boli'tho, Trela'wney, Carne'gie,
In true Cornish compound
Pendre'a, Polme'nnor (Poleme'nnor).
names the noun house),
is
house,
che,
put before the adjective, as Chegwidden (white gwidden, white ; Vounderveor (great road),
vounder, road, veor, great (through ignorance
When
veor Lane). guishing one
is
last,
church
valley, eglos,
;
word
now
called
Vounder-
formed of two nouns, the distinas Nanceglos (church valley), nanc (c soft),
the
is
Crowz-an-wra (a road-side
cross), crowz, cross,
wra, road ; Peninnis (island head), pen, a head, innis, an island ; Egloshayle (river church), eglos, a church, hayle, a river (now PenThese rules hold good even when innis Head, Egloshayle Church). the words are half Cornish, half English, as Street-an-Nowan (the
new
street, of
(little
some
antiquity), Caini
castle), Castle au Dinas
Du
(black cairn), Castle
*
(a reduplication),
Vean
Chapel Ury, Chapel
St. Clare. 5.
When
asked some years since by the English Dialect West Cornwall Glossary, wishing to make it as
Society to write a
complete as possible, I consulted all the published works on the subject which were in the Penzance Library, and added to my list the words in
them unknown
the beginning of this century,
Had
few.
Those that
to me.
authority of Polwhele alone are, I
I been aware that I
now was
am
afraid,
I
have given on the
common
although
quite forgotten except to
in
by a very
have been associated with Mr.
Couch, I should have taken no examples from his works but I have all familiar to Mr. Westlake, Q.C. ;
retained them, as they were nearly (J. 1
W.), "
to
whom
Some make
castle
I
a
now
take this opportunity of tendering
fortification of stone, dinas of earth."
my
Baimister.
XV
INTRODUCTION.
and hearty thanks for his very valuable services, ungrudgingly he given, having kindly gone over the entire MS. with me. I must also thank Mr. H. E. Cornish (H. E. C.), who has done the same by sincere
the proof-sheets, and Mr.
Thomas Cornish
(T. C. ),
who
placed
all his
Those signed W. JS". I had from Mr. Wni. Noye, and Davy, Zennor through Mr. Westlake. Garlands are from a list by the late Mr. Garland in the Journal of the Eoyal Cornish words at
my
Inst. Cornwall.
I have, too, incorporated in this glossary a
disposal.
list
of
words collected by the Eev. Flavell Cook (F. C.) when at Liskeard, and kindly sent me through the Eev. W. W. Skeat ; and some from
by Bernard Victor (B. V.) and (W. F. P.), of Mousehole and by F. W. P. M.B., Plymouth. To all these gentlemen my thanks are due.
those published in the Cornishman
Wm. Jago,
Fred. Pentreath
;
MARGARET A. COURTNEY. Alverton House, Penzance,
January, 1880.
A GLOSSARY OF WORDS IN USE IN
WEST CORNWALL v. to dislike always used " I caan't abear with a negative.
Abear,
:
what I caan't
abide."
After - elapses,
(accrochet), a kind of cap or small article leap-frog. is placed on the back of the stooping person by each boy as
Accroshay
A
he jumps over him the one who knocks either of the things off has to take the place of the stooper. The first time he jumps over the boy says Accroshay, the ;
second Ashotay, the third Assheflay, and lastly Lament, lament Leleeman's (or Lelena's) war.
Acres, phr. in his acres; in his glory.
Addle-pool, a cesspool.
Ad
rabbet, inter, bother.
Adventurer, one who takes shares in a mine.
" I'm Afeard, p. p. as adj. afraid. afeard of my life to go upstairs arter dark."
Afore, adv. before.
"He
took
afore I were down." He corrected me before I had made
me up
a mistake. After, Arthur.
"I'm coom
for
who works
the dennar for After, at old Dolcoath." after
-
thoughts
;
"I caan't superfluous finery. manage the after-clapses." Something happening after the cause is supposed to have been removed. H. E. C.
After-winding, waste corn. Agait, adj. very attentive; earnest.
Agar,
adj. ugly.
Davy, Zennor.
Aglet, Aglon, Awglon, Orglon, the berry of the hawthorn. Ailer, a receiver of stolen goods. " The ailer is as bad as the stailer." (He who aids and abets the thief by standing within hail as sentry. H. E. 0.) Heller, Lostwithiel. J. W.
Aipernt, an apron. " A slut never wants a clout Whilst her aipernt holds out."
Airy -mouse, a bat, M. A. C. Airy-Mouse, H. E. C. HairyMouse, J. W. Aitch-piece, the catch or tongue of a buckle.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Ake, a groove in a stone used for an anchor (peculiar to Cornwall), to receive a rope or iron band to prevent it from slipping. Mousehole fishermen.
E. P., through
W. Noye. Video Alaire, a short time ago. says this is in common use; I query it. M. A. C. Allee-couchee, phr. to go to bed.
Almond
nuts.
nuts,
almonds.
Anan ? Nan ? you say ?
"
inter.
What
did
"
Anatomy, Atomy, a thin Also Anatomis. H. E.
person. C.
Aneest, Aneist, prep. near. caan't bear
!
Arear
!
Areah
!
an
inter-
jection of surprise. Arrea-faa. B. Victor and W. V. Pentreath.
Mousehole.
Ardar, a plough.
Ardur, a ploughman.
Aketha, quotha.
Ammenuts,
Araa
him
come
to
"I aneiat
me."
v.
Argee, Argeefy, " He's
all' ays
to
argjue.
ready to orgee"
(
hard). " Turn them into Arish, stubble. " the arishes (stubbles).
Arish-field, a stubble-field.
Arish-geese, stubble-fed geese. Arish-mow, a rick of corn made in the field where it was cut.
Arm-wrist, the
wrist.
" He's Arter, adv. after. all'ays arter her." tinkering " She adv. astride.
Ascrode,
An
end. To drive an end is to excavate a level (a gallery) in a mine. a
Angallish,
"You
gallows.
angallish dog, you."
Angle - twitch, an earth-worm. an
like
"Wriggling
angle-
tivitch."
Anointed. An anointed rogue" an out-and-out rogue. ''
=
An-passy, Passy, Anti, plir. not I.
et cetera.
with a negative.
I caan't say
Antic, a foolish person ; a merry "I never seed such an rogue. antic in my born days." a
chaffinch.
Pol-
do
adv. as
lief.
" I'd as
et as not."
Assneger,
Assinego,
a
"Do
fellow; a fool. quiet, thee assneger."
" Athnrt, adv. athwart.
silly 'ee
He
be
looks
athurt" (he squints). Attal,
Attle,
rubbish cast out
from a mine. pJir.
be-
"Neither twixt and between. the highest nor lowest but aturixt and atween, says Bucca." ;
Aunt, An', Aint, a term of
re-
commonly used for elderly "Too fine, like An women. spect,
Betty Toddy's gown." owner's account at the expense of the
Awner's 'count,
whele.
Apple-drain, a drone
a wasp. " Apsen-tree, an aspen. Bevering (shivering) like
lev',
lev'
Atwixt and atween,
Always used "
on."
Apple -bird,
rode ascrode."
As
an
Aptycock, a clever
;
;
apsen-tree." little
fellow.
"Well done, my little apticock." W. Briton, April 3, 1879.
employers.
Axed
out, p.p. as adj. having the banns called in church.
"I
'be axed out f keep company Get thee to doors, thee noodle." Uncle Jan Trenoodlt. !
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Baal,
v.
to beat.
Baaled, p. p. beaten
grieved.
;
Baaling, a beating.
Babby-rags, small
F. C.
Backlet, Backside, yard behind a house.
Backysyfore, phr. hind-part before. F. U. Backsyforcy, J. W.
Bakester, a baker. " What a bal the Bal, a bother. dog es noozling up agen me." !
Balch, a small rope
;
a sash cord.
girl.
Balk, squared timber. v.
formerly worn by fishermen when hauling in their nets and taking the fish out of the same. Capt. W. Pentreath, Mousehole, through W. Noye. Bazaam, the heath ; a purple Be, baint, are
Jan
"Where
be 'ee
Beagle
happy
= where
going ?
it
(sometimes
!
Ad
beagle
a West-country imprecation. troublesome person ia T. C. often called a beagle or bagle. " Be it
!)
A
quiet,
"
" Like
are not.
you going ?
M. A.
to scold.
;
Trezise's geese, never
unless they be where they baint." " are
Bal, a mine.
Ballarag,
Barro, Borro, a boar.
colour.
Bagonet, a bayonet.
mine
Barracan,
Barwell, Barvil, a leather apron bits.
a court or
Bal-girl, a
fustian.
Barragon, H. E. C.
you young
bagle."
C.
" I
the nose.
She Ballaragging, a scolding. gov' me a sound ballaragging ."
Beal, a bird's bill
Ball-eye, 11 a
Beat, a turf; also the verb to make or attend to a fire of
wall-eye.
"Billy
ball-eye.
" She's a Balscat, a cross-patch. regular ould balscat." Poor, contemptible. Sometimes applied to wine, as balscat port. J. W.
Balshag, a coarse flannel with a long nap, used in mines. Bandeleer, a wooden toy, in shape like a thin flat reel it is ;
made
to
string
move up and down by a
which winds and unwinds.
Banger, a large thing or person. Bankers and Dorsars, cushions for seats and backs of settles. BottreU.
Bankroute, a bankrupt.
He
rides
'ee
;
by your
leal."
turves.
Beat burrow, Beat
turf, a heap of burnt turves left in the fields.
Bedabber, Bejabber,
v.
to fade
by keeping in the hands. Bedabbered, p.p. as adj. faded. "Yours flowers are bedabbered." Bed-ale, groaning-ale; ale brewed for a christening.
Polwhele.
Bedoling-pain, a constant pain not acute.
Bedoled, p. p. used as adj. stupe"I'm. fied with pain or grief. bedoled with the rheumatiz." Bed-tye,
Bannel, the broom, Genista.
Bare -ridged.
knawed
a
feather
bed
:
often
called a feather tye.
bare-
Bee-skip, Bee-but, a beehive. Beety, v. to mend the net.
Barm, Burm, yeast. Barm-cake is cake made with yeast.
Mousehole fishermen, through E. P. and B. V. B 2
ridged
= without a saddle.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Begibd, p. p. as adj. " " "Tis not to me
allotted.
Bilder, hemlock; water dropwort.
(g hard).
facetiously Billees, a bellows called the Cornish organ.
begibd
F.RS.
E. Hunt,
"A
Beheemed,
poor adj. sickly. " (creature).
beheemed cretur
Belk,
v.
to belch.
belong at home " I am not I live at home. " not BO ill as I belong to he " She so ill as I generally am.
=
=
v.
"
Belving like a
Bivering, Beveling, part, shiver-
Bender, anything unusually good kind.
its
" Bin to the
Berrin, a funeral. berrin, ha' 'ee ?
"
church.
" To shaw our sperrits laast
new
lev'
us petch
berrin-tune."
Tregellas.
Besting it, going to sea when the weather looks threatening, and cruising on the fishing ground without shooting the nets, to see whether the sky will clear or not. T. C. Also commonly used " I am for considering a thing, as besting if I shall go to church tonight." M. A. C.
Better
-fit.
"You'd I told
Used
for
better-fit ha'
better.
done what
"My
adj. best. " The better better-most dress."
most people were there."
Betwattled, Bewattled, p. p. as "Thee art adj. mad, foolish. betwattled ; that were afore I were born." ;
Biddix, a mattock.
a blind.
small
white-ribbed cowries.
A
Black-cake,
wedding-cake. is a black-
plum-pudding
pudding. Black-head, a
boil.
Black jack, blend. Black strap, gin and
An
inferior
J.
rior guests.
Black
tin,
treacle.
wine given to
infe-
W. ore
tin
ready for
smelting. "I Blast, a sudden inflammation. in a blast eye." caught
my
" A man caan't go farther than he can blaw," i. e. he can't
Blaw.
do impossibilities.
Blind buck a davy, blindman's buff.
" There's not a
Blink, a spark.
blink of fire in the grate."
'ee."
Better-most,
Bib, a small fish
Black-a-moor's teeth,
rich
Benin-tune, a tune to which a hymn is sung by the relations and friends on the way to the
The
"A
ing.
bull."
of
gan, W. N.
=
to bellow.
Belving, part.
Bes-
simple bandage of cloth,
" He's bitter Bitter, adv. very. bitter cross this morning." wet day." " I'm Biver, Sever, v. to shiver. all of a biver."
" belongs to stay in to-night it's her turn to stay in to-night.
Belve,
Biscan, Vescan, a finger-glove of leather used in support of a wounded finger sometimes a ;
"
"I
Belong.
:
Blob, Blobber, a bubble.
Blood-sucker, the sea anemone.
Bloody warrior, a wallflower
;
also the red crane's-bill.
Blowser, one
who
assists in the
pilchard fishery.
Blowsing, working in seine boats.
Blowth, blossom.
" There's no-
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. thing prettier than
the
apple
sometimes used to express the
same
blowth."
Blubber, Blobber, the sea nettle. Sometimes called sting blubbers.
"
1
species or, more probably, a variety of salmon, remarkable for the steel-blue colour of its head and for ascending our rivers (e. g. the Camel)
Blue -poll, a
about
Candlemas-day
when appearing
in
;
hence
numbers
" they are called the Candlemas School." It is observed by fishermen that the great majority Couch. are males or kippers.
Board 'em, an old-fashioned round game of cards. It can be played by any number of players from two to eight, either for fish or low stakes but there must not be less than six fish in the pool. ;
Six cards are dealt to each person, and the thirteenth if two are playing, the nineteenth if three, and so on, is turned up for The forehand plays, trumps. and the next (if he has one)
he may play another suit or trump. The follows suit;
ii
not,
highest card of the original suit, not trumped, takes the trick and one or more fish, according to the number staked. If you have neither card in your hand that you think will make a trick, you may decline to play, in
if
which case you only lose your stake but if you play and fail to make a trick, you must pay for the whole company, and are said to be "boarded." ;
Bob, the largest beam of a mine steam-pumping engine. Bobble. " An ugly bobble in the a ground swell. sea" Bock, v. to shy. "The horse
=
hocked at the hedge."
Boften, p. p. as adj. bought.
Boften bread, baker's bread, not home-made. Boften dough is
"As plum
idea.
boften dough foolish person.
Boiling
,
family.
a
(soft) as applied to a very
number, crowd,
"The whole
or
boiling of
'em were there." Boist, corpulence. Boustis, stout. J. W. Lostwithiel. Busthious, H. E. C.
Bolk, adj. firm. Probably from balk, squared timber. Soldering, adj. louring inclinable to thunder. " 'Tis boldering weather." Polwhele. " 'Tis bold;
ering hot."
J.
W.
Bolt, a stone-built drain.
Boo, a louse.
Boobus, a wick for a small lamp. Booba, Boobun, Newlyn. Boostering, part, labouring so as to perspire.
Boots and shoes, the flowers of the monk's-hood.
Boryer, a borer; a bar of iron used to make holes in granite ; a mining tool.
Boshy-man, a fop
;
a conceited
fellow.
Botany-bay, the hydrangea.
Botham, a tumour
arising
from
the blow of a stick on any part of the body. Polwhele.
Bothem, the feverfew. Bottom-pie, slices of potatoes and pork baked on a thick layer of dough. W. Noye. Bottoms, a narrow, uncultivated valley.
Bougie, Bowgie, a sheep's house; a shed.
Bouldacious, Bould, adj. bold. a moored line, with hooks attached, for catching pol-
Boulter, locks.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Bout-a-go, Bout-'i-go "I (prow. Boutshego), a tramp. caan't abear loutigoa coming round the town plaace" (the
Boutigo,
farm-yard). bent. old man."
"A
Bowed,
Bowerly, "
adj.
botoed
little
burly; corpulent.
A fine bowerly man."
of the legs; the under part of the knee-joint. Bow-jowler (aw like hoic), a place
Bowings, bowings
in fishing boats for hauling footMousehole fisherline through. men, through W. F. P. and B. V.
" There are no men in Boys. Cornwall; they are all Cornish boys."
well,
thank
And between two
'ee."
adjectives (in Cornwall) applies the preceding one to the latter. Brave and wicked (bravely or very wicked), although brave alone would be a term of com-
" A bravemendation. J. "W. " looking man is a good-looking
man.
mouth
the
a
of
shaft.
Mining Record, through W. Noye. Brage, v. to scold violently. Couch.
Braging, part, roaring " Braging like a lion."
Braggashans.
raging.
;
" But I scorn to
stand speeching braggashans." Uncle
;
A
horse or cow is said to breach when it breaks down " cow" is one
Breach.
A
fences.
breachy that breaks bounds.
Breachy water, brackish Bread -and -cheese, the
Jan
Braggaty, "
Trenoodle. adj. spotted
A braggaty cow."
;
mottled.
Brake, a large quantity
:
parti-
cularly applied to flowers, as a brake of honeysuckle. Brandis, a three-cornered iron rest for
baking meat on;
also
water.
young
leaves of hawthorn, often eaten
by
children.
Breal, Breel, a mackerel "W. B. V.
K,
v. to make or fishing-nets with a mesh needle.
Breed, Breedy,
mend and
v.
Bren, Brend, forehead.
Boy's love, southernwood. Braave, Bra, adj. and adv. fine ; "He's grown a bra very. " I'm braave and cheeld."
Brace,
used to hold a kettle, or support burning brands. Brash, an eruption a rash.
brows
to wrinkle the
"Don't brend your
so."
brenner, eye winker. Old Nursery Rhyme. Brick, Breck, a rent or flaw. " There wasn't a brick in it."
Brow
Brimming, the phosphorescence of the waves.
Brink, the gill of a fish. E. P., through W. Noye. Briny, adj. luminous ; phosphorescent applied to the sea ; the medusae. Brit, a small kind of fish the F. W. P., Jago, size of a sprat. M. B. :
Brithyll, a trout H. E. C.
(pron.
Broad-fig, a Turkey
truff).
fig.
Broft, p. p. brought. broft home in a cart."
" She was
indiBroil, earth on the surface "The cating a vein of metal. stuff, word used by Berryman, who professes to find lodes to this day by the divining rod."
burnt
T. C.
Broil, v. to discover metal from the earth thrown up by the heat of the vein.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Brood, impurities mixed with ore.
Broom-swike, a twig of a heathbroom.
" I'm Brose-of-het, a great heat. in a brose-of-het." At boiling point.
Broasen, burning quickly. Mousehole fishermen, through W. P. P. and V. B.
Brother - law,
brother - in Father-law, &c. &c.
-
law.
,
Brown-wort, figwort or
throat-
wort.
Browse, bruised "I'll
used as
fish
bait.
pommel thy noddle
broiuse."
to
Bottrell.
and
Browse, brambles
thorns.
P. C.
Browthy,
adj.
light
spongy
;
:
applied to bread.
"The
buck
is
in
the
milk."
Buccha-boo, Polwhele. Buck, the spittle fly. v. to bruise copper ore into small fragments.
Buck,
Bucking-iron, a flat hammer used for crushing copper ore. Buckle-up, v. to shrink or curl " up with the damp. My dress in the dew." buckles-up
Buckshee-buck, a game played by an indefinite number of players. One shuts his eyes, and the others say in turn, " Suckshee ! Suckshee-buck I How many fin" do I hold up ? When the fers lindrnan guesses correctly, the is
guessed
takes his place.
Brush, dried furze used for fires. "Not quite baked; he'd take another brush : " said of a half-
Buckthorn, Buckhorn, a salted and dried whiting. a boy's game, resembling touch-timber. Buddie, a kind of tub for wash-
Bucky-how,
witted man.
Bruss, short twigs of heath or furze. When a younger sister marries first, her elder sister is said to dance in the bruss ; from an old custom of dancing without shoes on the furze prickles which get detached from the H. E. 0. stalk." ' '
Buryans, Bot-
trell.
ing ore.
Buddie-boy, a boy employed in The operation is ore. washing " called
buddling." " bubbles. Blowing " buddies, art 'ee, cheeld ?
Buddies,
Bud-picker, the bullfinch.
Pol-
whele.
Bucca, a stupid person
;
a term
of derision.
" Penzance boys up in a tree, Looking as wisht (downcast) as wisht can be ;
Newlyn buccas, strong as oak, Knocking 'em down at every Bucca-boo, a ghost a black bucca.
Bucca - gwidden, ;
Buffle
-
head,
a
simpleton
" I niver foolish person. sich a g'eat buffle-head."
Bulgranack, locally pools.
the
bull-toad,
H. E.
a seed ;
pool-toad, or in sea-rock
C.
Bulgranade, a stickleback.
poke."
child
A white
Buck, fermentation in milk or cream, produced by moist heat.
one whose number
Brush,~a nosegay.
Bruyans, crumbs.
T. C.
;
a bug-bear
j
a precocious a simple innocent ; an
snail. "If tinners in going to bal (the mine) met with a bulhorn in their path, they always took care to drop
Bulhorn, a
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
8
before it a "crum" from their dinner, or bit of grease from their candle, for good luck."
the ears of corn were struck against the cask.
out
Bush the
Bottrell.
Balk,
v.
on the horns of a
to toss
v.
;
:
turned outward.
there are open chimneys and no
fool, always running head against a wall. H. B,. C. Bullies, round, smooth pebbles
his
;
boulders.
Bullocky
wood
of
slip
or
whalebone, about an inch and a-half broad by fourteen long formerly worn by all, now only ;
by
old
in front of their
women,
Busker, an undaunted, persevering fisherman in stormy weather, in contradistinction to in-andouter. E. P. through W. Noye. ,
a
man,
swaggering
fellow.
Bussa, a large earthenware pot or jar.
Bullum, the
fruit of the bullace
Bussa-calf, a calf kept on
cow
tree.
Bun-bread, phrase to "express a " I'd beat him severe thrashing.
to bun-bread."
Longrock, T. C.
Bunken, Bumpkin, a piece iron projecting from the a boat, to which the jib ened. W. Noye.
Bunker-headed
fools.
of
bow
of is fast-
Gwinear,
Bunting, part, sifting flour. Burn, twenty-one hakes (probably a burden) a pile of furze kept ;
in country houses for fuel rick of hay.
;
a
Burranet, the shelldrake.
Burrow, a barrow or tumulus. Bush, two hoops fixed on a short pole, passing
through each other
They are covered with white calico, and used as at right angles.
signals
by a person standing on to show where pilchards
in a bay.
v. Instead of thrashing corn with a flail, when straw
Bush,
was wanted for thatching, women were employed to beat out the corn into a barrel with the head
it
till
weans
itself.
the Pol-
whele.
Bussa -head, an
empty-headed
person.
Bussy milk, the
first
milk
after
calving.
Bustious, adj. over-fat
some
T. C.
hill
Busk, a thin
stays.
Bulk-headed
a
:
grates.
to cure pilchards, by placing alternate layers of salt and fish also a pile of pilchards about a yard in breadth and five with the heads feet in height
lie
phr. to put on only used where
fire,
more furze
cow.
Bulk,
;
;
burden-
to oneself.
Busy, requires
wants.
;
"It
es
busy all my time looking arter the childern." " It es busy all my money to keep house."
But, a buttock of beef. But,
v.
to sprain or put out of
joint.
Butted, p. p. thumb."
" I've butted
But-gap, a hedge of pitched
my turf.
Polwhele.
Butt, a heavy, two-wheeled cart, with timber and yoked oxen.
Butter - and - eggs,
the
double
yellow daffodil.
Buyed,
v.
bought.
"I buyed un
at the draper's."
Buzza.
"
Stinking like buzza." W. Noye. "A
E. Opie, through
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. H.
buzza used before cess-pits." E. C.
Bye, adv. lonely.
" Our house
is
rather bye."
Caal, Call,
v.
by a town
to give public notice
" Have it caaled, To have the banns
"caaled out'' (called out) have them read in church.
is to
Caalves-henge, a
calf's pluck. a Cab, horny gall on the hand caused by friction. "Called a callous." H. E. 0.
Also v. to Cab, a dirty mess. A soil by handling over-much. cabby mess is a dirty, sticky mess.
Cabaggled, p.p. as adj. messed and dirty. J. W. Lostwithiel. Cabesta, space between the hook and lead in a fishing line. Mousehole fishermen, through P. Cobesta, V. B.
W.
F.
Caboolen-stone, a stone used by seiners (the crew of a seine boat) as a means of keeping the fish enclosed in the seine but not caught from making their escape. It is continually thrown into the sea, a piece of rope being attached to it, until the seine can be drawn so close together that the fish can be dipped up in baskets. W. F. P. and B. V.
Cader, a small frame of wood on which a fisherman keeps his
Cantor, Penzance. " Out on the cadge" Cadge. on the tramp; begging. "They lines.
get
their
living
by
cadging,*
begging from door to door.
am, Cand, fluor spar. [Darnels, camomile flowers. [/anker, a cock crab.
through W. Noye. Crancod." H. E.
M. Matthews, " Crane and C.
Cannis, v. to toss about carelessly. Couch. Cant, v. to tip on one side. " Cant up the bottle." A fall. Polwhele. Cant of a way a long way. W. Noye. " Capel Capel, Cockle, schorl. " rides a good horse indicates the presence of tin. Caper-longer, the shell-fish Pinna Couch. Tonkin applies ingens. the name Caper-longer to the
=
razor-shell Solen solignia.
Capperouse (pron. great noise. 'tes
like
' '
like house), a
What a capperouse ;
Bedlam broke
" Cab-a-rouse
loose."
in seamen's language to pull together at a cable, shouting and singing." H. E. C.
Cappnn. a mine
is
The superintendent of is
always called cappun.
Carbona, Carbonas, a large mass of rich ore, sometimes called a hottse.
Care, the mountain ash, branches of which are used as charms to prevent cattle being "ill wisht" (bewitched).
Cafenter, a carpenter. " I'm coom for the dennar for After (Arthur),
Who
tungstate of iron. alcar, the lesser weever or sting fish, with the lance fish in Sennen. H. E. 0.
Hal,
crier.
be sure."
rubbish. " She has a beautiful 3age. cage of teeth." Jaff, n. refuse,
works at old Dolcoath And if you be the cafenter's dafter ;
(daughter), You'll send enough for both."
Carn, Cairne, a pile of rocks. to natter. Carny, v. to coax " He thought to carny over me." ;
Carrack, Garrack, a rock used as a proper noun.
:
Casling, a prematurely-born
only calf.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
10
made
The skins are often waistcoats. Cassabully, winter
into
Pol-
cress.
whele. "
The clothes v. to dry. will soon catch up this windy
Catch up,
weather." " The roads are nicely Also applied to caught up." "When the household work.
churs (chars) are caught up." To turn cat-inCat-in-the-pan. the-pan is to turn head over heels, sitting on a rail, whilst keeping hold of it. Traitor, J. W.
Cats and dogs, the catkins of the willow.
Cauchy,
wet
J. "W.
sloppy. roads are very cauchy." Caudle, a mess. ;
" The
F.
W.
to
M. B.
P., Jago,
Gaudier,
who
one
caudles
or
makes a mess.
Caddler, one who is always caddling about the house, t. e. working but messing.
Caudling, part, making a mess also wasting improvident. " Caudling away all his money." Gaunter, a cross-handed blow. " If that's the cause Cause, case.
;
;
I
must work
later."
Cawnse, Coanse, stones; a flagged
a turn of rope, in the
is,
mouth."
J.
H. Nanki-
vell.
"A
Chainy, china.
chainy tay-
pot."
Chall, a cow-house. lode, a large vein of
Champion metal.
In
Chaunce,
v.
St. Just "guides." the catch of a buckle. Chape,
to cheat. ;
to
scolding. "Chea Chaunting,^?ar. chaunter " cease chaunter H. B. C. stop your prate
=
!
Cheeld, a child; pi. Childern. Old people call a little child "a cheeld vean." "Like Malachi's cheeld, chuckful of sense." Cheeses, seeds of mallow, often eaten by children. Chokkycheeses, F. C. Cheevy, adj. thin ; miserablelooking.
Cheins, Cheens, the small of the back. I've a bad pain in my ' '
cheens."
Cherk, a half-burnt cinder. Chare, H. E.C. Chet, a kitten.
Chevy-chace, a great bustle or
floor.
Cawnse - way,
Coanse - way,
paved foot-path.
a
"
Coanse-way head," a street in Penzance.
"Like Cay-thollic, Cay-thollic. the more he eats the thinner he gets."
Censure,
that
horse's
!
do household work in an untidy manner. Caddie, v.
Caudle,
'ee
Chad, a young bream. Chad. "We say, Put a chad,
Chaunt, Chaunty, v. to scold mutter to oneself ; to prate.
Cattern, Catherine. Cauch, a sloppy mess. adj.
" I'll Chacks, the cheeks. gi' a skat (slap) in the chucks."
"What's all the Chevynoise. " chace about ? Chewidden-day, the day on which white tin (smelted tin) was first sold in Cornwall.
Chickchacker, the wheatear so called from its note. Chickell, :
v.
to give an opinion
"I consent. gived (or gov) censure for they."
Chacking, adj. famished."
thirsty.
Couch.
;
my
"Half-
Polwhele.
Chien, Cheem,
v.
to germinate in
the dark, as potatoes. Chiff-chaff, the chaffinch.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
11
Chiffer, Cheffer, v. to bargain. " I never heerd a woman cheffer like she do."
Chuck -cheldern, the shad:
Childer, Childern, children.
Chuckle-head, a stupid person. Chuck-sheep, an epithet. F. C.
called
from
its
particularly
so
bony
nature.
Childermas-day, Innocents'-day. " It's unlucky to sail on Childer-
Chuff, adj. sullen ; sulky Chuggy-pig, a pig.
mas-day." Chill, a small earthen lamp, in shape like the old Roman lamp, formerly used for burning train or pilchard oil.
fat.
;
Chug-chug (Chee-ah, Bottrell). Used to call the pigs to feed. Chur, a small piece of work. "I've caught up my churs" I've finished my work.
=
Chimbley, a chimney. Ching, the chin. Chipper, the crossbill.
Chur, Churrey, v. to go out by the day to do servant's work.
Chitterlings, the frills formerly worn on gentlemen's shirts.
Churrer, a charwoman. a very good churrer."
Chod, a stew.
Church-ale, a feast in
Choris, a carouse
;
ration of church.
a feast.
v. to cheat. "They'll choust 'ee out of all thy money."
Choust,
v.
to chew.
Chowter, a
female fish-vendor. Generwho go about the
More commonly jouster. ally those country in carts.
Chrestmas - curls,
On
"Lunnon
piece of this year's Chrestmasmock is often saved to light the one to be burnt at the next
Christmas. ;
Chuck, the under part of the face the throat. " I like a
pig's
chuck."
" He v. to choke. looks butter wouldn't melt in his mouth and cheese chuck him/' if
;
your
ing.
much
talk-
clack."
Clacker, a rattle to frighten away birds the tongue a valve of a ''The clacker of the pump. ;
billees" (bellows). Clain-off, adv.
a mistake.
"I
told
at once " I did it
;
without
clain-off." (repeated it) clain-
it
o/."
Chriss-crossed, adj. cross-barred checkered.
as
a
church-town."
Clack, a great noise " Hould
;
Chrestmas - stock, Chrestmas mock, the Christmas log. A
Chuck,
commemo-
dedication of
the
Church-hay-cough, a hollow, con sumptive cough. Church-town, a village. Three or four houses, and even a single house, is called a town in Cornwall. A farm-yard is a townLondon is often spoken place. of as
carols.
Christmas- eve the choir of the parish church goes from house to house singing " cur'ls"
;
She's
Church-hay, a churchyard.
Choust, a cheat.
Chow,
"
Clam, a stick laid across a brook to clamber over, supplying the place of a bridge.
Polwhele.
W.
A
E. Cornwall,
plank bridge.
J.
Lostwithiel.
Clammed, clamoured;
often
Polwhele.
Claps, a clasp.
Clapses, pi.
ill.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Clean,
v.
wash
to
"I
self tidy.
make
to
;
am
Cloam, earthenware.
one-
going to clean
Cloamen, made of earthenware.
An
myself."
Clecky, adj.
Clem,
v.
to
stiff;
old cloamen cat hollow to the a hypocrite. Garland. toes
lame.
choke with
Clemb, Climber, v. to climb. " He's such a boy to climber." fish
Clems,
and potatoes
Glob, a clod or
fried to-
Also called pick up.
gether.
Clever, adj. well-grown; good" in good health. looking " How art clever little maid." 'ee, thank 'ee." son?" "
A
;
my
Clever,
Clibby, adj. adhesive; sticky. Cliggy, F. W. P., Jago, M. B. "I'll gi' 'ee a Click, a blow. click
under the
Click-handed, adj. left-handed. Gliders, a plant ; the rough bed" straw. Clivers, Cleavers,
H.
E,.
C.
Clidgy, a sweetmeat hardbake so called because it sticks to the :
;
earth.
M. B.
P., Jago,
SpeciClock, the crop or craw. mens of Cornish Dialect. Unch
Jan
Trenoodle.
to to cling to stick to in the manner of glue or " are As, honey. fingers v.
;
My
digged together;" "Bird-lime digs more than anything." F. W. P., Jago, M. B. Clink, a small room where vagabonds and drunkards are con-
" Clop and Clopping, limping. " " Mother was clopping. go one." " She's a dose Close, reserved.
woman." " He's a clouchin sort Clouchin. of a fellow," i. e. a man of no character, not to be believed. St. T. C.
Buryan.
a blow a
'ee
gi'
"
a slap.
ground to put
who turns the Clipper, one ground. v. to flutter. Glitter, a flutter, " I was all of a " Glitterclitter."
clout
make
shall
of
'ee
thy
Clouted cream, clotted cream cream made from milk scalded ;
over a
fire.
Clubbish, adj. rough
Cluck,
?;.
to
lucky
Clinker, a burnt-out coal. Clip, a smart blow.
;
laugh the wrong side mouth."
"C
fined.
Clip, v. to turn the in crops.
to limp.
v.
Clop,
Stop thy grizzling (giggling), or I'll
Clidgy, adj. sticky.
ing its wings."
of
Clobbed, p. p. as adj. begrimed. " A choked pipe of any kind would be said to be clobbed up. Dirty clothes or utensils are said F. W. to be clobbed with dirt."
Clout,
teeth,
dig, Cligged,
lump
Walls made of marl mixed with straw are called dob or cob walls.
ear."
Thof Click-hand, the left hand. (although) I'm lame in my clickhand." Uncle Jan Trenoodle.
goose-grass."
=
Cloamers, painted clay marbles.
thirst.
"The hen has
effort;
v.
;
to squat.
down behind the hedge."
(wants to
Clunk,
brutal.
;
bend down
sit).
to to
got the duck" Clutty, W. F. P.
swallow with bolt
an "Clunk un
down." Clunker, the uvula. T. Q. Couch.
To fall Clut, a gap in a hedge. with a clut is to fall in a heap, leaving a gap.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Clyne, a sea-Bird's feast. Matthias Dunn, Mevagissey. as Clysty, adj. close ; moist bread or bad potabadly-made " These taties are bra' and toes.
Cock -hedge, a
trimmed thorn hedge, sometimes double for drying clothes on.
:
!
interj.
entreaty.
Sheep are said
Coady. coady
an exclamation of " Come along, Co !"
when
affected.
their
to
livers
be
To cock-le). cockle-bread is to turn "head
Cockle-bread (pron.
make
clysty."
Co
13
' '
over heels on a bed. with your heels
Up
;
down with
your head That is the way to make ;
cockle-
bread"
are
Cockle-button (pron. coc-kle), the
Stratton district.
" I never seed Coats, petticoats. a cheeld with such short coats." Cob, a bunch of hair on the forehead, often applied to the top locks of a horse's mane.
seed of the burdock.
Cockle up, v. to shrink or curl " up with damp. My dress cockles up with dew." Codger, Cadger, a tramp ; a mean An pedlar a term of contempt. ' '
Cob,
v.
to beat or
;
thump.
" Gobbet, a blow." Garland. Cobbing, in mining, is breaking copper ore done by into small pieces
Cobbing, a beating.
women.
Cobbing-hammer, a miner's
ould cadger."
Codger's end, cobbler's wax-end. Codgy-wax, cobbler's wax. Coin, a corner. a corner-stone. To coin is to strike off the corner of a block of tin, to discover its
Coin-stone, tool.
Cobba, a simpleton.
quality before
Cobshans, money or savings.
it is stamped. boards near the surface for securing the shaft of a mine.
Collar,
give my cobshans up to thee! Be Mistress Jan indeed." Uncle Jan Trenoodle.
Colley-brands, summer lightning. " Smut in corn." Couch.
Cock-haw, a game played by boys
Colley-wobbles, a pain in the stomach diarrhoea.
"What,
with victor nuts (hazel nuts). One boy takes off his cap, saying,
"Cock-haw! first blaw Victor." hat, down cap. !
Up His
opponent lays his nut, holding it by the string, on the cap. The first boy strikes it with his nut. Should he fail to crack it, the other boy places his down, and so on until the nut is broken. The nut that cracks the other " cock-battler." If is called a another nut can be cracked with the same nut, it is called a " two" the nut that cock-battler breaks that a " three- cock Polwhele battler," and so on. " and calls the game Cob-nut," " cob." the nut it is played with
;
Collopping, a flogging. Colp, a blow; a short rope for carrying sheaves from the rick to the barn.
Colpas, a prop or underset to a lever.
Cool,
used
a large tub or half-barrel to
meat
salt
in.
When
people brewed their own beer, the tub in which it was put to cool.
Comb, an unturned ridge
left in
;
ploughing.
Comfortable, agreeable.
man."
adj.
"
complaisant
;
A very comfortable
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
14
" Comical, adj. ill-tempered. comical ould fellow." " A comical
A
temper."
gove he a putty
coot
to-day."
Tregellas.
Coinposants, the meteor Castor and Pollux. Couch. The phosphorescent balls that are sometimes seen on the masts of vessels before a storm.
Condidled, p. p. as adj. mislaid ; stolen conveyed away by trick;
ery.
Condudles, plays; performances. " As I never had seed sich condudles afore." Uncle
a
C.ongee,
"Make
Jan
Trenoodle.
a
bow;
parting. congees" (pron.
your
con-gees).
Congee, "
" I've bin and
Coot, a thrashing.
to
v.
bow
take leave.
;
We congeed and parted" (pron. con-geed).
sweet conger. Conger - donee, Couch. Conger - dousts, Polwhele.
Conkerbell, Conkabell, an icicle. Cock-a-bell, H. E. C. " I took a conConsait, a fancy. sait to go out." Sometimes used as a verb "I consaited to do it." :
Come-by-chance (pron. coom-bechaence), something that comes into your possession by accident.
Come-upping
(pron.
ing), a flogging.
coom-upp-
"I'll gi' 'ee a
sound come-uppiny."
Cooche - handed,
left
-
handed.
Stratton district.
Coor, the time a miner works ; eight hours. There are two day and one night coor. "Out of coor," out of the regular course. gang" of miners is also called a coor. I belong to the night
A
coor."
Coose, course.
Cop, a tuft of feathers on a fowl's head.
Coppies, tufted fowls.
Copper-finch, chaffinch. " I'll kiss the Bible to Cor-cri. it, if
o'
coose"
yes, of course.
Coose, adj. coarse.
" Fine coose
cotton," very coarse.
was a
cor-cri
between
(Corpus every leaf."
T. Cornish.
to use one drinking"To glass for several people. cornish together." J. W.
Cornish,
v.
Cornish-hug, a peculiar grip used by Cornish wrestlers. " As
Corrat, adj. pert ; spirited. corrat as Crocker's mare."
Correesy, Corrizee, an old grudge; a sort of family feud handed down from father to son. Corrosy, Polwhele. Corve, a large crab-box kept afloat.
Capt. Prussia Cove.
Henry
Eichards,
Corwich, the crab. Cos' send, p. p. as adj. hammered into shape and new steeled. "I'm like f ay ther's ould piggal (a large hoe used for cutting turf) new cos'sened." H. E. C.
Costan,
a
straw
and
bramble
basket.
Costeening, a mining term ; examining the back of a lode (vein of metal) by digging pits. "The Country, the ground. country fell on him and killed him." A house is said to be built against the country when the side of a hill forms the back of
it.
Courant, a running romp ' '
"Iss,
there
Christi ?) St. Just.
;
What' s aU the courant ? "
a row. Coiv't
courant, rough, noisy play.
Cousin, a familiar epithet. All Cornish gentlemen are cousins. Coutin Jan, a Cornishman.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Cousin Jacky, a foolish person
;
"We
Cousse, a chat; a gossip. had a bra' comfor'ble cousse." " She's a Cousser, a gossiper. cousser." regular Conssing, part, gossiping. "She's allus coussing."
Coussy,
v.
to chat
to gossip
;
;
to
Coursey,
BottreU.
Cow, a windlass, like a cowl, for
with
at
top shaped supplying mines
air.
Cowall, Cawell, a basket to hold
by the fish- wives. A broad strap passes over the top of the head the basket, which in shape somewhat resembles a cowl, rests on the back. fish,
carried
;
Cow-flop, cow parsnip ; hogweed. fish bladder. Mousehole, W. F. P., B. Y.
Cowl, a
Cowleck,
Cowlake, a
glutton;
Mouse-
one over greedy of gain. hole, W. F. P., B. Y.
adj.
the colour
cow-dung, dark green
:
of
applied
"I
" What ; foppish. a coxy fellow he is." Crabalorgin, the thornback crab. F. C.
Coxy, adj. pert
"I adj. hoarse. heerd sich a craky voice."
Craky,
niver
to crumple; to crush. " This stuff crams." " You have crammed your dress." v.
Crame down,
feeled a crim
me."
Creem, v. to squeeze ; to mash. " Creem the taties." To hug in wrestling. J. W. v. to grieve ; fret
Green,
part,
pine.
;
complaining.
"He's
creening all day long." creening woman lives for ever."
"A
Greener,
one
habitually. ever since I
who
complains
" She's bin a creener
knawed
her."
Creeved, p. p. as adj. underdone ; half raw; badly baked. "The dennar is barely creeved." ancient Crellas, prop, noun, " An excaBritish hut circles. vation in a bank, roofed over to serve for an outhouse." Bottrell. Cresser, a small fish resembling a bream, but of a brighter red colour. Taskis, H. E. C.
Newlyn, through
Crib, a crust of bread
; fragments " Eat up your cribs." Crib, v. to break oif small pieces. " He cribs a bit here and there."
Crib-a-flent (flint) is to renew the off small pieces.
edge by breaking
to the sea.
Cram,
o'er
of meat.
Cowshern, cow-dung.
Cowsherny,
coom
Greening,
on an errand.
loiter
Creem, Crim, a shiver; a creeping of the flesh.
a coward.
15
v. to
creep down.
Crawn, a dried sheep-skin. Davy, Zennor. See Crowdy Crawn. " I've crazed Craze, v. to crack. the jug." " Craze a squeer " is to crack a pane of glass.
Crease, a ridge
tile.
Cribbage-faced, phr. marked with the small-pox. "Lanthorn-jawed, a small, pinched face." T. Q., Couch. It is Crickle, v. to break down. applied to a prop or support when it
breaks
ness and
down through
feeble-
simple perpendicular of a weight above.
pressure Video, through
W.
Noye.
Cricks, dry hedgewood. Polwhele. Crips, adj. crisp ; stiffly curled. Crock, a large iron pot standing on three legs, used for cooking " The crock calls the purposes. kettle smutty."
a bowl; H. R. C.
"
From
hence croggan
crockan, shells."
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
16
"An
Croft, a small common. enclosed common not yet cultivated." J. W.
Croggans,
a drop. "Taake ; a croom o' caake and a croom o' comfort " (spirits).
Croom, a crumb
adj. childish; doating.
Crouging, part,
"He
shuffling.
in crowd), a hut ; a small house. Pig's-crow, a pig(as
stye.
Crowd, a wooden hoop covered with sheep-skin, used for taking " Sometimes used as a up corn. tambourine, then called crowdycrawn." Davy, Zennor.
Crowd, a fiddle. Crowder, a tiddler.
Crowdy,
a
crull."
"Owld
"Her
adj. crooked. finger is crum."
Crum-a-grackle, mess, ' '
bother. a-grackle
to play the fiddle.
Crownin, a coroner's (crowner's)
difficulty,
Here's a pretty crum-
what
!
shall
we do by
St. Just, T. 0.
a small bit
Grummet,
;
a crumb.
Crumpling, a little sweet wrinkled apple prematurely ripe. v. to croak as a raven. F. 0.
Crunk,
Cuckoo, Guckow,
goes crouging along."
v.
all o'
Crull"
it?"
light loads on.
Crow
head es
Crum,
shells of limpets.
Crooks, crooked pieces of wood in the form of a half- circle slung on each side of a horse. Used in the time of pack-horses to carry
Croony,
" His
Crull, a bushy, curly head.
the
wild
"
Fool, fool, the Guck-ow ! said by one boy to another when he has succeeded in fooling him on April Fool's day.
hyacinth.
"
Cud, a quid of tobacco. Goodie, a cuttle-fish. Staring like a coodle." Cue, an ox shoe ; an iron heel put on a shoe or boot.
Cuddle,
"
Culiack, a good-for-nothing person. Davy, Zennor.
Cuny,
adj.
mildewed.
held a crownin
Custance, a term used by boys in playing. When two boys are
Crow-sheaf, the top sheaf on the end of a mow. Mow in W. Cornwall is pronounced like cow. " The corn was cut and mowed"
partners, and by accident hit each other's marbles, they cry, No custance ! meaning that they have a right to put back the marble struck. If they neglected
"They
inquest.
on him."
in the field at harvest- time.
Cruddle,
to curdle.
v.
v.
Crudly up,
Cmds,
curds.
to curl up.
Grudge, T.
C., St.
Just.
"
She was very. cruel (very ill). shaape" (shape) is a great mess. 4 'Twere plaise sure in a cruel
Cruel,
adv.
cruel sick
"
"A
'
shaape."
would be considered out of the game. Custis, a flat piece of board with a handle, formerly used by teachers in school to strike the palm of the hand. Custis is now applied to a smart cut given across the palm of the hand by a cane. " I'll give you a custis'" to cry they
(stacked).
Crowst (ow like cow), refreshments given to farm-labourers
Uncle
Jan
Trenoodle.
adj. sharp in reply impudently sharp. Couch.
Custit,
Custom
(pron.
smuggled coostom."
raw, drap o'
coostom), "A
spirits.
;
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. an expression formerly used by old people in W. Penwith as a pious interGive us jection, equivalent to " faith H. E. C.
Dabbety Fay!
' '
!
Daffer, small crockery -ware. " Bring the daffer," -that is, "Bring the tea- things, cups and Polwhele.
saucers."
Dag, a mining
tool
an
;
axe.
Bagging, part, hanging down; " That tree
trailing. with fruit."
" Her
ging in the mud." " red-headed
is
dagging dress is dag-
of reproach. Dame-ku, a jack snipe.
E. H. B.,
W. Noye.
Daps, Dops, an image ; a resemblance. "He's the very daps of his mother." withiel, J.
Down-daps, Lost-
W.
Dash-an-darras,
"the
stirrup' to custom,
Polwhele (1808). v.
flower.
to soil; to fade as a See Bedabber.
Davered, p. p. as "Davered faded.
adj. soiled flowers."
;
Day-berry, the wild gooseberry. " She Dead, p.p. as adj. fainted.
went
off dead."
Dead and
alive, adj. apathetic;
dull.
Deads, the refuse of mines. Deaf-nettle, wild hemp. Dealsey, Delseed, a
fir
cone.
Deef, adj. deaf; empty; rotten.
"A
"The seeling, scat" (broken). Trenoodle.
deef nut."
being
deef,
Uncle
Jan
Denneck.
sometimes called Piper
or Peeper, and by others Ellick, Denneck, orEedannech." W.F.P.
Devil's bit, Devil's button, the blue Scabious. If picked the devil is said to appear at your bedside in the night. " As Dew-snail, a slug. slippery as a dew-snail."
Didjan, a small
bit.
" The cocks Dido, a great noise. and the hens kicking up such a
was
"There
is
another
species of tub-fish caught here (Mousehole) very similar to, but
" Don't
v. to scratch. dig your head so."
Dig, Diggy,
"A
Dijey, a small farm. very small homestead." Bottrell.
Dimmet, Dummet, Ding, it
This old speed the parting guest' (his foot in the stirrup) with a dram, still obtains in the W. of Cornwall."
smaller than the former
tub),
v.
Dinged,
glass.
Daver,
(i. e.
dido."
Dane" a term
Dane,
through
much
17
into
twilight.
to reiterate.
"
reiterated.
my
ears from
He
dinged
morning
to
night."
Dinky,
adj. tiny.
F. C.
(pron. din-yan), a
Dinyan corner.
little
"I
don't like fitting carpets into these stupid dinyans." a mining Dippa, a small pit term. :
Dish, the revenue received by the .lord of a tin-mine for the right of working it. Now paid in money, formerly in kind, when every fifteenth or twentieth dish was put by for him. In W. Cornwall the country people still speak of a cup of tea as " a dish o' tay." " He did not Disknowledge. disknowledge it." T. C., St. Just. Dissel, Diesel, a thistle.
"And fig, a Turkey fig. dabb'd a ge'at doat fig in Fan
Doat
Trembaa's lap."
Dob,
v.
to
throw stones
at any-
thing.
c
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
18
"She's a
adj. short.
Dobbet,
regular little dobbet." Dock, the crupper of a saddle. neat. Docy, adj. pretty ; kind she is Speaking of a young girl, " she's a said to be ;
Thus, F.
docy.
W.
docy little maid." Jago, M. B.
P.,
"And timber had to be dogged (dragged) many miles."
Dogged.
BottreU.
low
Doldrums,
down
"I'm
spirits.
in the doldrums."
Dole, a parcel of copper ore ; a share in a mine ; mine dues. What dole do you pay ? " ' '
"Don't
Dollop, a large piece. cut such a dollop" Dooda, a stupid.
Doodle, to
to cheat
v.
;
to deceive
;
Doole, Dolley,
v.
to toll a bell.
Douse, v. to yield ; to give up. Douse out your money." Dousse. "I have known poor people call a pillow stuffed with husks of winnowed corn a dousse ' '
F.
Chaff from
W.
M.
B.
winnowed corn
is
P., Jago,
doust.
" I maade the Doust, v. to pelt. purpoashals to doust 'em with Uncle
Jan
Trenoodle.
" douce Doust, Douce, a blow. on the chacks." Polwhele.
A
Douster, a
commons. Out for a walk on the downses."
Downses, downs; " Down-souse,
adv. plainly; "I up out-spoken. and told un down-souse."
frankly;
Dowse, v. to throw on the ground. Dowser, a man who discovers metal by dowsing. Dowser, a forked twig of hazel, used by Cornish miners to discover a vein of metaL It is held loosely in the hand, the point to the dowser's breast, and is said to turn round when they are
standing over metaL
v. to drawl. out your words." Drain, a drone.
Drag,
Doodling, part, cheating.
stoanes."
;
Dowsing, part, discovering metals by means of a dowser.
trifle.
pillow."
down depressed. "He's dreadfully down-daunted, regularly down in the mouth." adj. cast
fall
;
a thump.
Gar-
land.
swathe of
Dram, a
Dover, to
pay
all
talkers,
no
listeners.
Dow.
"The aw'd dow,
a
dis-
agreeable, cross old woman, one who will not do what she is
wanted to." Gwinear,
1868, T. C.
Down, Down-daunted,
p. p. as
cut
corn.
BottreU.
Drang, gutter
Drash,
;
a narrow a drain.
passage;
a
to thrash corn.
v.
Drashel, a
flail.
Draw-bucket, a bucket to draw water from a well. Dredge, a mixed crop of barley, oats, and wheat. ore, a stone impregnated or traversed by mineral veins of ore. Mining Record. The poorer Borlase Nat. Hist., 203, sort.
Dredgy
through Dousting, a thrashing.
" Don't drag
W. N.
Dresser, a stand with shelves for earthenware. "All over the house, -like Aaron's dresser" Halliwell says, N. Country, "Down with his apple-cart, an
In Cornwall, Down with your dresser," or " Over goes your apple-cart." M. A. C. overturning." "
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Dresshel, Drexel, the threshold. Dreckstool, Polwhele. It is Drethan, a spot of sand. a mutation of "treathen," as in Pentreath, "the head of the
Brule,
19
v. to drivel.
Bruler, a driveller
Brum, v. to Brumming,
treath, sand, but from Pentref, a village. H. R. 0.
Brumble -drain,
W. ;
"
Drib, a dribble. quantity, not used.
Dri/, a small
now commonly Video, through W. Noye.
' '
Drilsy, a monotonous, continued dear cheeld, do stop sound. "
My
A. guck-oo drilsy." is a regular drilsy.
your
song
Bring, a crowd of people. To be dringed up is to be much pressed or worried.
.
T. C.
Droll,
an old tale,
a legend. It is sometimes applied to a tiresome, long-winded "He's a regular owd person. droll."
Brop-curls, ringlets. " I knew Brops, window-blinds. he was dead the drops were down."
Brover, a fishing-boat employed in driving or fishing, with drift or float nets. solid wheel.
Brug, a drag
drug a wheel
;
v.
to
put on the drag).
a
too,
She were no drumble-drane." Uncle Jan Trenoodle. Bryth,
used
by
washerwomen
clothes don't dry. " There's no dryth in the air."
when
Buffan, a man who praises himself; a self-righteous hypocrite. Buffy, a blunt, out-spoken person. "A blunt, happy-go-lucky person."
Bottrell.
to
v.
walk about
like a
child.
Bule, Bool, comfort ; consolation. deaf. Bull, hard of hearing "He's very dull of hearing today." Bumble dory, the cockchafer sometimes called Spanish dumbh"No more heart than a dory. "As dumbledory" (a coward). ;
:
blind as a dumbledory."
Bumdolly, a misshapen marble. Bung, mud; dirt. "Sweating like dung"
Bungy, "
muddy;
adj.
What dungy
dirty.
shoes."
Bunyon, a dungeon.
"As
dark
as a dunyon."
Burgy, a short, stout person. " Durlc Burk, adj. dark blind. as petch (pitch) a wonside and hafe of a crepple." Uncle Jan ;
Bruckshar, a small (to
drone;
" But Graacey were a keen chap
Buggle, young
droll."
a
humble-bee.
passage. " It Broil.
the duty of the last man leaving a level part of a mine to explain to the first man of a relief party coming to it the state of the end they have been working, i. e. what holes for blasting they leave bored, what fired off, what have missed fire this is called telling the
flog.
a flogging.
;
Bug, a push.
is
silly
Brumble, v. to go about a thing awkwardly to fumble.
Dripshan, mother's milk spirits. "A little drap o' dripshan." Broke, a wrinkle ; a furrow ; a ;
a fool.
Bruling, part, talking in a manner.
" F. P. Dretlien, a sand area. Good fishing ground heneath the sea." I B. V., Mousehole fishermen. don't think Pentreath is from sands."
a sand spot
;
Trenoodle.
c2
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
20
Durnes, Burns, the panels around
"I a door; the door jambs. were squabb'd (squeezed) 'gen the durnes"
in rambling, confused manner.
Dwaling, part, speaking
a
EarEar-bussas, the tonsils. bussums, T. Q. Couch, Eave, Heave, v. to thaw; to become moist. " Uneeve," Polwhele. Ees-fye, adv. in faith ; certainly. " Ees-fye, there's a bad smell here."
Egg-hot, a Christmas drink made with hot beer, sugar, eggs, and rum.
"The lightning went
Elements. all across
the dements."
Ent,
to empty.
v.
empty
Enties,
Empt
bottles.
is
often used as a contraction, as, " Empt the bag." Ettaw, a shackle for fastening two chains together, so as to make them one long one. Mousehole fishermen, through W. F. P.
Eval, a three-pronged stable-fork. Turn-down eval, a garden tool for digging.
E-ver, a grass; evergreen rye. " Eaver, so called in Paul parish, is the darnel principally found in red wheat." H. E. C.
Every one week, other week. tion
our
at
plir. every "There's a collec-
chapel
one
every
week.'"
Ewet, Ebbet,
a
newt
Elicompane, a sweetmeat ; hard"What's your name?" bake. " Who " gave you Elicompane" that name ? " " My Master and Dame." "There Elicompanie, a tomtit.
Eyeable, adj. pleasant to the eye. "
a vulgar tradition that the elicompanie is a bird by day and a toad by night." Polwhele. Elvan, blue porphyry. Elvan is derived from Old Cornish elven, a spark, the rock being so hard
Faddy, Flora, Furry-day, a
is
as to strike
fire.
Em-mers, Timers, embers. stroke, as spoken of the wind.' " Eight in the emmut of it," that is, right in the stroke of it. Polwhele.
Emmut,
En, the plural termination
still
in use, as "house, housen; primrose, primrosen."
mene, lara, bona
Ene,
mona,
Make
Fackle, an acute inflammation in the foot.
Pasca, Elke,
(or bora), bi. belke, boh. Eggs, butter, cheese, bread, stick, stack, stone dead. Said by children in W. Cornwall when they want to know who shall be blind-man in blind-man's See Vizzery. buff, &c.
feast
held at Helstone on the 8th May, when all ranks (each keeping to
its own class, and starting at different hours) dance through the town, to a peculiar tune called "The Flora or Furry ;" sometimes going in through the front door of a house and out at the back. There is always a ball in the evening.
Fade,
v.
from town to
to dance
country.
Fadge, Fadgee, "v. to That agree to do. ;
"
fadge."
mi,
it eyeable."
How
do
'ee
how do you do ? Faggot, a bad woman.
suit
to
;
never fadgee ?"
'ull
"It
also used to describe a secret
is
and
unworthy compromise. In wrestling, a is
said
man who
'
'
to faggot.'
sells his "
Fainaigue, v.io cheat;
back
'
Couch. to deceive;
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. to flatter
;
trump a
to
ing one of the Couch.
suit.
card, hold-
Furnigg,
Fainaiging, part, as adj. cheating" imposing. Afuinaiging vellun ;
' '
(villain).
Fainaiguer, a cheat "
;
a deceiver.
He
Feneaged. agreed with the hoy for a month at 4 a-year, and he went away and feneaged that hoy, and never took him nor paid him." Probus district, through T. C. Fair-a-Mo, a in
fair
November
held in
St.
long -stemmed
plant.
Fallows, boards fastened to the sides of a cart to make it hold more. sense;
Falderal s, non"Dressed up frippery. ,
in such fal-the-rals."
Fang,
"Why
wages. hes fangings
spent all Saturda' nite."
Uncle
a
laaste
Jan Tre-
noodle.
nut.
chick-
Fencock, the water-rail. Fernicock, Fernweb, a
small
beetle used as bait for
Fescue, a pin or pointer used to teach children to read. "Pronounced also Tester." Polwhele. Fetch up, to get stronger. " She'll soon fetch up again."
Few, a
little.
"
A
few broth."
Broth are always plural in Cornwall " They are too salt," &c. J.
W.
" Fig, phr. in full jig" very fine ; smart spoken of a person with all his orders on.
Figs, raisins.
and
Figs
nuts,
almonds
and
Figgy pudden, plum pudding. Filth,
Farthing, a measure of land. "Thirty acres." Halliwell.
The fast
the understratum, supposed never to have been moved or broken up since the creation. Polwhele. "I home v. to
Fatch,
;
raisins.
Fare-nut, the earth or ground-
Fast.
mouse-ear
Fellon-herb, weed.
:
notions."
Fangings,
;
;
:
to earn ; to take ; to take "I don't fang to your
v.
to.
Feehs, Feeps, pitch-and-toss. an inFellon, a cattle disease flammation mortification.
trout.
T. Q. Couch.
Halliwell.
Fal - the - rals
See Feather-tye, a feather-bed. Bed-tye. "He features his Features. father," resembles him. " Our Fee, freehold property. house is fee"
brown
(pig fair).
Fairy, a weasel.
Falky, a
Ives
21
get
is
(fetch).
shaan't be longfatching home."
Feasten, adj. connected with the two days yearly dedicated to a patron "saint (Sunday and Mon-
Madron (pron. day). feasten Sunday."
maddern)
Feather -hog, a quagmire.
a
slut.
" She's a dirty
filth."
" He had his fill. filth of meat." " A poor dear old sister that has not got her filth of bread." Gwinear, T. C.
Filth,
Find myself, phr. know myself. ' '
I shouldn' t find myself, dressed
up
like that."
" Fine, adv. very. fine clever " Fine and coarse cotton " boy." (very coarse). Fine and well, very well. " I'm
A
getting on fine and well, thank 'ee."
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. "As drunk
mad
Fleet, v. to gutter, as a candle in a draught. " v. to float." W. N.
Fire-engine, a steam-engine. "A favourite sign for a publichouse."
Flem, an instrument for bleeding
Fire.
as fire"
drunk.
v.
by hand.
F. C.
Fish-fag, a fish-wife more commonly called Fish-j ouster. :
hawking fish.
Fisted, p. p. struck with the "I fisted her."
fist.
f
"Stinking
like nfitcher."
when some difficulty occurs in boring a hole for blasting." Garland. adj.
nice
becoming
;
" Your dress
clever.
ing fifty." answer."
"He
;
isn't look-
a
gov'
Fitty-ways, adv. properly. behave fifty-ways."
fitly
"
Do
Flaad, p. p. as adj. puffed out with flatulency, as cattle after too much green food. Flaire, fat arcmnd a pig's kidney.
Flam-new, Flannin,
adj. quite
flannel.
new.
"A
fiannin
shart."
Flasket, a large basket with a handle at each end a clothes ;
basket.
Flay-gerry spree.
beef.
cross-cut that cuts off " He's a lode (a vein) of metal. cut out by the fleukan"
Fleukan, a
Flied, p. p. flown, " Flink, a fling.
She went out
Flink, v. to fling; imp. Flinkt. " She flinkt out of the room." "She flinkt o& her hat." Flip-jack, a rude fireplace. Flisk, a large tooth-comb.
" She tore it to " Her dress is hanging
Flitters, tatters. flitters"
in flitters."
Fitchered, p. p. to be baulked " Used in to be stopped. mining
Fitty,
of as flesh in contradistinction to
with a flink."
Fit, v. to prepare meat for cook"When shall I fit the ing. dennar?" " Will 'ee ha' a pie " The devil won't come fitted into Cornwall for fear of being put in a pie."
Fitcher, a pole-cat.
meat.
They don't ait fiesh-mait once a month." Pork is often spoken
to tease roughly
Fish-jousting, part,
butcher's
"
Fire-pan, a fire-shovel. Fire-tail, the redstart. Firk,
cattle.
Flesh - mait,
(g hard), a frolic
;
a
Flood-hatch, a flood-gate, " It's raining a flood."
phr.
In meadow. Floor, a grass mining, planks laid for dressing ore.
Flop, let
v.
un
"He
to drop clumsily. " flop on the planchen
(floor).
Flopt, v. imp. on her sait"
Flopper.
an
"
She fiopt down
(seat).
under
petticoat.
Polwhele. Flora-in-distress. dishevelled hair
A woman with is
said to look
like Flora-in-distress.
Flosh, v. to spill ; to shake over. " Don't flosh the water on the floor."
Flouery-milk, hasty pudding. Flushed, p. p. as adj. fledged. " The birds have flushed and flied" (flown).
Flushet, a clam in a stream.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Flybanite, a giddy Fo'ced,
p.
as
p.
"
obliged. choice."
A
forced
adj.
put
forced
Fogo, a cave in a
Freathe out,
girl.
is
;
no
Folger, Folyer (follower), a boat that carries the tuck -net in pilchard fishing. Fooch, a makeshift. of a dennar" (dinner).
"A
fooch
' '
Fooch,
to
v.
push;
yourself forward. ee fooching ? "
thrust
to
" Where be
Fooching along, doing "
indiffer-
How be 'ee, Jan?" ently well. " Fooching along, thank ee." '
Foothy, Forthy, adj. forward. " A fine "He's maid." forthy
bra' andfoothy."
"I have never I may have
v.
Fore-stroll,
walked with
" This
very quickly.' French nuts, walnuts. Fret, v. to ferment. Frickets, Flickets, sudden heats in the face. Friday-in-lide, a miner's holiday.
The first Friday " Ducks won't lay drinked
make
a thing serve ; Fooch, to do upon a push. Can 'ee " fooch along wi' that ? to
v.
to unravel.
stuff freathes out
a hollow.
cliff;
23
her.
seen her fore-stroll, and gone to overtake her." St. Just, T. C.
Fo'right-bread, Forerightbread, bread made from unsifted flour.
in
March.
till
they've
water." "Fridaymarked by a seriocomic custom of sending a young lide
in-lide is
man on
the highest bound, or hillock of the work, and allowing him to sleep there as long as he can ; the length of this siesta being the measure of the afternoon nap for the tinners through-
out the ensuing twelvemonths.' T. Q. Couch.
'
Fringle, the grate of a kitchen. Fringle-hole, the place under the grate where the ashes lie.
Frivolous, adj. thin; liable to " This wool is break. very frivolous."
"I
Full-butt, phr. face to face.
met him full-butt." " This
Fulsome,
adj. cloying. tart is swate and/ufoome."
"
Fo'right, Foreright, person, adj. an out-spoken person.
It looks Funny, "well-pleasing. it looks well-pleasing funny
Forrel, the cover of a book.
Polwhele. regular. Fur, v. to pull the ears.
Forth-and-back, adj. inconstant. to
v.
Fousse,
crumple to ruffle ; " You've foussed ;
to disarrange.
" Don't fousse the
your cap."
clain clothes."
Frange,
v.
to spread out like a
;
F. C.
Fuz', furze. "Sweating like a /wz'-bush on a dewy morning." Fuz'-chat, the stone-chatter. Fuz'-kite, the ring-tailed kite.
Fuzzy-pig, the hedgehog.
F. C.
fan.
Frape,
v.
to bind.
Couch.
Freath, a gap in a wattled hedge. Couch. Frith, a gap in a hedge
made
up.
J.
W.
Freathed, adj. wattled. Freathe,
v.
to weave.
Gad, a mining
tool
;
a wedge for
splitting rocks.
Gaddle, v. to drink greedily. T. " To fill Q. Couch. up; to brim over."
Garland.
Gad-je-vraws, ox-eye
daisies.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
24
a Custom-house
Gaern, a garden.
Gaggled, p. Gale, an ox.
p. as adj. daggled.
"
A childless
man."
Garland.
" Ground Gale - ey grounds. where springs rise in different places." Polwhele. Carew speaks of Gaully grounds. a
Galliganter,
ungainly
tall,
person. Gallish, the gallows. as the gallish."
"
Gal-yant, adj. gallant. " Yes, Gambers, inter/.
As
cross
by gam-
to gange a hook is to cover it with a fine brass or copper wire, to prevent its being " bitten off by the fish. Ging, the fine wire twisted to ginge, the line above the hook to pre-
vent congers
H. E.
v.
from biting the C.
Garey, v. Husband and wife both trying to tell the same story
(very loud), wife
turns
"One is round on husband quite enough to garey ;" and husband subsides. St. Just, through T. C. Gashly, adv. ghastly. Gathorn, a mischievous supposed to haunt mines.
Gaver, a sea
crayfish.
spirit
Polwhele,
"
Gidge,
interj.
Gawkum, an awkward person. " One is a Gay. play, two is a gay."
' '
toys broken earthenware.
sea-
Oh my
!
gidge
H
nail.
A gift on the thumb is sure to come; But a gift on the
finger is
sure to linger." Giglet, a thoughtless, laughing " There's girl. nothing but a
a ship.
J.
:
often,
G'eat (pron. gaite), great. Geek, v. to pry; to look round " curiously. Oeeking about like
Kelynack, Newlyn. ;
oatmeal.
Girty-milk, oatmeal;
milk por-
ridge.
Geist, a hempen the girth of a saddle.
Giss,
girdle;
Gissing round, Geesing round, v. peering about spying. Giz' dance, Guise dance, Geese dancers, people that go about" at Christmas disguised and with ;
masks
on, generally three or four in a party. They come into your house uninvited, and are often very unruly. Sometimes " act an old
they
play,
and the Dragon."
St.
George
"As good
as
a Christmas play" is said of anything very funny. This custom has been abolished in Penzance for about ten years.
Gladdy, the yellow-hammer. Glands, the banks of a river. Polwhele, Halh'well. v.
to stare.
Glassenbury dog, a term of
re-
the origin at present unknown to the editor. Uncle proach,
Jan children's
fish;
mark on the
Gift, a white
Glase,
Halliwell.
Gays,
whistler
pike.
Girts, groats
Gambrils, the small of the leg. " She Gammut, fun ; nonsense. thinks of nothing hut gammut."
line."
a
Gerrick,
passle (parcel) o' giglets going." Gijoalter, part of the rigging of
lent"
Gange, Ginge,
".So"
officer."
geek," bo-peep.
"
Trenoodle.
Do le' ma knaw the
Olasseiibury
dog" Gouse, dried cow-dung used for firing.
Glaws,
Glen adder, the
cast skin of
an
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. " The adder worn as an amulet. worn in a bag around the neck as a cure for epilepsy." H. E. C.
foot of a toad is
Glidder, a glaze
Glow,
Glower,
;
an enamel. v.
to stare;
to
look cross.
Glumps,
sulks.
"She's
in
the
glumps."
Go ss,
a fuss or perplexity. " Goss Goss, a bulrush ; a reed. moor " is a reedy moor, Gorse.
W.
Gossan, an old wig grown yellow from age and wear yellow earth just above a vein of metal. ;
corner." v.
" to dissolve.
The
sugar has gone abroad."
Go-a-gooding, v. to go from house On to house asking alms. Christmas Eve large parties of poor women, sometimes as many as twenty in a party, call on all their rich neighbours, asking This they call going a alms. T. Q.
Keenly gossan is earth that looks promising for metal. Gourd, Goad, a linear measure ; a square yard so called from being measured with the goad or staff by which oxen are driven. "I Gove, v. imp. gave. gove et to the dog" (gov'). :
land, plir. to die. " They don't care how soon he goes around land."
Goffans, Coffans, old surface excavations in a mine. v.
to
a large bonnet
worn by
country women, often made from printed calico it has a protruding front, and a large curtain at the back to keep off the sun. ;
Go around
Goggle for gapes,
"
' '
Gowk,
gooding.
Goal, a slow, aching pain. Couch.
look
astonished; to stare foolishly. " Or stand goggling for gapes Uncle like an owl at an eagle."
Jan Trenoodle. Golden chain, the flower of the laburnum.
Gommock, a fool. Gone dead, v. " He's gone dead three years since." Gone poor, v. " He used to be rich, now he's gone poor." Goodness, butter or any kind of " There's not fat put in pastry. enough goodness in this cake."
Goodspoon, a mischievous child. "A regular young goodspoon. " A ne'er do weel." J. W., Lost1 '
withiel.
Goonhilly, a Cornish pony reared on Goonhilly downs. Goosechick, a gosling.
J.
up, p. p. as adj. sitting " Glumped up in a sulkily.
Glumped
Go abroad,
v. to thrive; to fatten. " Our cheeld don't goody"
Goody,
Grab, something very sour, pro" Sour as bably a crab apple. grab."
A grab.
Lostwithiel, J.
W.
Grafted, v., p. p. as adj. be" It's with dirt." grimed. " The dirt is grafted grafted in." Grail, a trident for spearing fish.
"A
cut adj. proud. against the grain" is a cross, disagreeable person. Grambler, a stony place.
Grainy,
Grammer
sow, a millipede; a " Cafenter." F. C.
wood-louse.
Grange, Gringe,
v.
to grind the
teeth.
Grass, a mining term for the surface of a mine. The ores are said to be brought to grass when
they are brought to the surface, and the miner says he is going to grass when he comes up from " " Grass underground. capun
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
26
man who superin(captain) is a tends the preparing the ore after it has been brought to grass. Graving clouds, clouds blowing from the quarter of the wind a
sky in
branching over the
contrary direction, foretelling a storm.
Green sauce,
sorrel
pro-
green
fitable after all."
chain.
kink or twist in a Mousehole fishermen,
through
W.
a
F. P.
Grey, "a badger."" " Grey as a badger
is
Polwhele. a Cornish
v.
to
grill.
Griddling, part, sitting on a low stool before oneself.
"
To Grief. mischief.
the
fire
warming
make grief" to make
Griglings,
Griglans, "
heath.
Grizzle, v. to grin ; laugh ; show "What's the g'eat the teeth. " " He buffl ehead grizzling at ? at he as was vexed me; grizzled as fire."
" a sea bream about Grobman, two-thirds grown," Polwhele, Halliwell.
to tweak. " Grock is to tweak the hair upwards over the ears or above the " nud'eck (the nape of the neck).
pull
;
RC.
gross
adj.
man."
stout;
big.
white
small
the
pig,
cowrie.
Guldize, Goolandize, the harvestfeast. v.
to drink greedily.
Gully-mouth, a
small
pitcher.
"He's a regular gully-mouth" (one that takes in everything).
Gunnis, a crevice in a mine or lode. Camborne, through T. C. ;
brooms, griglan-besoms.
to
Guinea
waste land.
Heathy moorlands are grig!an H. E. C. Heathmoors."
v.
Guff, stuff; refuse.
Gurgoe, Gurgey (both g's hard), a low hedge a rough fence for
Griggan, a grasshopper.
Gross,
Greet, coffee grounds; " The pulverised soil. is the of a board plough greet part which turns the furrow." T. Q. Couch. finely
Gulge,
bird, the song thrush.
Griddle, a gridiron,
H.
Grudglings, Grooshans, dregs; sediment left in the bottom of a
home
proverb.
Grock,
scouring geard."
seal.
Grute,
Green side, land kept in pasture. " The side is the most
Grey
Groyne, a
;
Oxalis.
Grend,
often called
tea-cup. Gruffler, a child.
Grebe, a handful.
common
Growan, loose granite. Growder, soft granite used for granite Decomposed scouring. "
Gurgoes, long narrow
lanes.
"VV.
F. P.
Gurrie, a hand-barrow for carrying fish or a wicker-basket with four long handles, carried like a ;
sedan-chair.
Gwaith, the breast hook of a boat.
Gweans,
scallops
;
periwinkles.
Sometimes called Queens.
Gwenders, a disagreeable tingling in the extremities produced by cold. Also called Wonders. "I have the gwenders in my fingers. " " I have the wonders for the time this winter."
first
"A Hack, Hacky,
v.
to dig lightly.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. to cover with slates H. R. 0. Hain, a hind ; a farm bailiff. " HairHair-pitched, adj. bald. pitched ould hermit," term of reproach. Newlyn, T. C. Haivery (the accent on the first
Hail,
v.
(slat).
F.
syllable), miserly.
W.
P. J.
Half
(pron. haaf), Half-baked, Half-saved, half-witted. "He's only haaf-baked ; he was put in with the bread and taken out with the cakes."
"
Hankcher,
27
a handkerchief.
Haps, a hasp.
Hapses, pi. Couch.
elvan.
Hardah,
Hard-head, the after J.
of
refuse
The
smelting.
W.
Hare's-meat, wood-sorrel. " I wouldn't Hark, v. to listen. hark to her nonsense."
Harve, a harrow. "
Hysty adj. hasty. (Cornish), haste, make haste." Uncle Jan Trenoodle.
Hastis,
to put out bees to Half the increase, when the owner has half the honey, and the person who takes care of
Hatches, dams
the bees the other half.
Hatter-flitter, a jack-snipe.
Half-crease, feed."
Halish, adj. pale.
J.
W.
" She's a poor
halish creetur."
Hallan, Hallan- apple,
a large apple given to each member of the family at Hallantide. Hallan-tide, All Saint's Day.
;
Haveage, the family the race the lot. " They come from a bad ;
;
'
haveage.'
Haysing,
following
hares
by
night.
Head and henge,
Halvaner, one who receives the
Heap, the thigh.
half produce of his labour. Halvans, refuse of the lode (or vein of metal) after the ore is separated from the rock.
Heap.
Halvans, half produce of labour, given instead of wages. Haly-caly, v. to throw things to be scrambled for. a circle of straw rope
a ; with wooden "A hame is used collar- trees. to fasten the fore-leg of a sheep to his neck, in a somewhat unmerciful way, to prevent him from breaking fence." Couch. Hand - gloves, gloves. " What, " begging with hand-gloves on Handsel, Hansel. When a man is well paid for any chance job " early in the day, he says that's a good hansel." straw horse
mounds.
Hatchet-faced, adj. thin-faced.
the pluck of
an animal.
Hall-nut, a hazel nut.
Hame,
tin
plantain,
collar,
!
"
When
knocked
all
I heard of a heap'
it
I
was
1
(fright-
ened, astonished). flat cake about an inch thick, made of flour, cream, currants, &c. It should be eaten hot from the oven.
Heavy-cake, a
Hedge
a-boor, a hedgehog.
Heed, v. to hide. Mop-andheedy, hide-and-seek. Heel of the hand, tbe inside, thick part of the thumb. Hele,
v.
Heller,
to cover.
Hellier, a thatcher
;
a
tiler.
Helling, a
Helling
-
roof.
stone,
flat
slate
for
roofing.
a horse-block. Hepping-stocks, or liepping-stones,
Hepping-stock,
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. are often seen by old walls. Upping- stock.
garden
of flour
Heps, a hatch
a short half-door, ; often seen in country shops. The lower half is kept shut, the top open. There is generally a bell fastened to it to give notice of a customer. When a person has been brought before his superiors and remanded, he is figuratively said " to have been made to ride the heps." " More tongue than teeth she had better keep a heps before her mouth." ;
(heat-up), v. to cast in " She het it one's teeth. up to him that he was drunk last
Het-up
night."
Hev-a, a word shouted through St. Ives' s streets
when
there are
pilchards in the bay.
Hewer, Huer, a person that makes signals from the cliffs to the fishermen in their boats, to let
them know
the pilchards
what
in
Hobban, Hoggan,
direction
lie.
and
a cake
made
raisins, often eaten
for dinner. Somecalled Figgy Hoggan
by miners times
Fuggan. A pork pasty. Hobban, or Hoggan -bag, or
a miners' dinner-bag. piece of meat baked or boiled in paste is
A
sometimes so called. Hobble, v. to tie together the front and hind leg of an animal to keep it from straying. Hobbler, an unlicensed pilot ; a
man who tows in a vessel with Two or three generally ropes. own a
boat between them.
Hobble, the share each hobbler gets
when they bring in a vessel.
Hobby-horse Day, a festival held in Padstow on May 1st. A carried through a pool called Traitor's Pool, a quai-ter of a mile out of the town. Here it is supposed to drink; the head is dipped in the water, which is
hobby-horse
is
the
to
streets
signals
freely sprinkled over the specta-
from the cliffs to the boats. There is generally a shed on
The procession returns singing a song to commemorate the tradition that the French having landed in the bay, mistook a party of mummers in red cloaks f jr soldiers, and hastily fled to their boats
Hewing,
making
part,
the highest
to shelter the
cliff
hewer, called the hewing-house or bacon-house (beacon-house).
Kicking cough, a
dry, hacking
cough.
Hick-mal, Hekky-mal, the blue titmouse. Ekky-mowl, F. P. J., M. B.
W.
beard
of
Hile, Aile, barley.
He,
the
goes hippety unevenly).
-
home
and rowed away.
Hoddy-man-doddy, an overgrown stupid boy a simpleton. Hog, Hogget, a two -year -old ;
ewe.
Hog
Hilla, the nightmare.
Hippety - hoppety,
tors.
lamb, a sheep under twelve
months. adv.
"
He
' '
hoppety
(walks
" Don't Hitch, v. to sew lightly. too put many stitches; hitch it together."
Hitcher, the chape of a buckle. See Aitch.
"She's Hoity-toity, a see-saw. a hoity-toity thing" (capricious, haughty).
Hole to grass,
plir.
working a
vein of metal to the surface.
Hollibubber.
"
A
man who,
un-
attached to the woi-ks, makes a living out of the refuse of the
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. slate quarries at Delabole."
T.
Q. Couch.
Hollow-pot, a loud-talking person.
in
embroidery,
open-work. Holm, the holly.
;
"Heft
it
"
Put home,
v.
to escort
home. "
Homer, homeward.
The homer
fields."
Why
high?"
upon the ground," St.
*. e.
Just, T. C.
Huccaner, a wood
scritch, the missel-thrush.
door."
ball over the wall." did you heave it so
heaved.
Holster, a retreat or hold for anything. J. W. " Shut home the Home, Horn'.
corner.
" Muck Hucksen, the knuckles. (dirt) up to the hucksen."
Hulster, Holt, a hold or retreat. " This rubbish is only a hulster for snails." T. Q. Couch. " How Hulster, v. to harbour. dare you hulster my daughter
here?"
Honey
Pin,
a
peculiar
apple.
Bottrell.
Hoop, a
bullfinch.
sweet
v.
"A
Hootin cough, whooping cough. " I'm Hoozy, adj. hoarse. very "
m
T hoozy." Oisy. oisy, so that I can hardly speak." St. Just, T. 0.
Horny-wink, a lapwing Horrywink, Couch. Horny-wink, "a toad. tumble
-
;
plover.
An
old
down house has been
revilingly described as an old shabrag horny-wink place." H. J., Eoyal Institute of Cornwall.
Horny-winky,
a
Hummock,
stout,
unwieldy
woman.
to bray like a donkey. bad hoot," a bad job. " That's a bad hoot, says Madison."
Hoot,
Housel of goods, houseful, or a furnished house. Morvah, T. C. Hove, v. heave threw. "I- hove
my
Hollow - work,
Holm
29
adj.
" desolate
;
outlandish; like a moor where hornwinks or lapwings resort; thence a tumble -down house
might be so called." J. W. Horse, a fault in the rock; a piece of matrix rising in a lode (vein) of metal, throwing it out " The lode has of its course. taken horse." Horse-adder, the dragon-fly: so called because it is supposed to sting horses.
Hosgid, a hogshead.
Hungry, adj. greedy; stingy. "He's as hungry as the grave." Hunk, Hunch, a large piece. "A hunk of bread and cheese." " As Hurle, the filament of flax. dry as hurle." Hurling, a Cornish game played with a ball. The players are divided into two equal parties, each of which tries to secure and keep the ball in their possession. The prize is one made of cork covered with silver. " Fair is
good play"
is
play the hurlers'
motto.
Hurly-burly, a
scramble. hurly-burly for nuts."
"A
Hurried, p. p. as
adj. frightened ; I was bra'ly hurried when I heard of it." "What's " your hurry ? phr. why are you startled.
' '
going ?
Hurted,
v.
imp.
mitted, but
"murder com-
nobody
hurted."
Hurts, whortleberries. Hush-a-bit, phr. go gently.
Hushed out
(pron. hoosh), v. out by a slight noise. "They hushed the hen out of the nest ."
imp.
turned
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
30
Hutch-work, small ore washed by a sieve. I-facks, adv. in faith
;
certainly.
lies, small flat worms found in the livers of sheep the cause of rot.
" the red Illck, Ellick, gurnard, called soldiers at St. Levan." H. E. 0. bewitch.
to
v.
Ill-wish,
The
common
people still believe if they have a sudden illness that they are ill-ivished, and pay a to the conjuror (white visit witch) to try and find out who has done it.
Ingots, tin cast in small oblong iron moulds large called blocks. ;
moulds are
Inkle-maker, a tape weaver. "As as
inkle-makera"
(very
friendly).
"
Innerds, the bowels. in
my
innerds?
v. to to any one. into it."
Insense,
Insi-coat,
A
pain
'
make "
a thing plain
I'll
insense
an inside coat
;
him
a petti-
coat.
in the costan," meant "take up the dust and put it in the
F.
W.
Jack Harry's
P.
lights,
phantom
the person who was said to have first seen them.
Jacky-ralph, a wrasse. Jaffle, a handful generally apto a bunch of flowers. " A :
" of flowers." Jeffull, ' Yaffle, handful. Je/ulls of " T. C., Morvah. hay.'
jaffle
fast.
"Where
"He jailing?" along." Jaale, T. C. Jakes, a dirty mess.
jails
Jailer, Jallishy buff, adj. yellow. " I want a bit of jallishy buff prent, to make a frock for cheeld."
my
Jane Jakes, Jean Jakes, a Penzance,
T.
snail.
Jan - jeak,
C.
Camborne, Garland. Janjansy, a two-faced person. " I don't like her she's a
jan-
;
jamy." "The great Jannek, Jannak. jannek thoft he could thrash his tenant, but the tenant fought him out afore the door, and beat
him
'
rarely.'
Mem. The
J.
was
Paul, near
Japes, a jackanape.
Jaunders, the jaundice. " Sweet as a Jay-pie, a jay. jay-pie sang a Cornish song." Janner, H. E. C. Jenny-quick, an Italian iron. v. to iron with an Italian iron. Jerry-pattick, a simpleton.
bowels, small pieces of smelted tin found in old smeltTradition always ing works. connects Jews with tin in Corn-
Jew's
wall.
lights, generally seen before a gale, taking the form of a vessel sure to be wrecked. Called after
plied
walk
to
Jewish woman, a Jewess.
Ishan, dust from winnowing. " Take up the ishan and put it
basket."
v.
be 'ee
a lout 6ft. 4in. high. Penzance. T. C.
Inkle, tape. thick
Jail,
Jicks, Jiccups, hiccough. adv. at once ; quickly. Jiffy, "I'll do it in Jig, v. to separate the ore from the refuse by means of a sieve so placed in a box of water that by the continuous action of a brake-staff the ore is precipitated to the bottom of the sieve. ;
The work
is
done by
girls called
jiggers.
Jigger, an ill-made thing.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Joan Blunt, a rough, plain-spoken woman. Joan -the -wad, the name of a "
to
v.
shake
to
;
shake the
elbow.
" Hold your glass up to your chin, And let your neighbour joggle it in."
a packman.
Josing, a scolding. " He scat all to Jouds, pieces. and midjans jouds (he broke all ' '
to pieces). v. to walk in the sea with boots and stockings on. Mousehole fishermen, W. F. P. and B. V.
Joudy,
Jowst, a
fall
from a donkey's
back.
a person that buys things to sell again; a huckster a fish-dealer.
Jowster, ;
Juck, the
oil
in
the fleece of
wool.
of new milk, sugar, and rum; curdled with rennet, and eaten with clotted cream. a
dish
made
Kager, Keggas, wild parsnip; wild
they
tricksters."
Bottrell.
a coarse sieve used to
winnow corn. Keamy, adj. mouldy. Cider is said to be keamy when there is a scum on the
thick
mud
top.
covered
Keddened,
or dust.
W.
with
over
F. P.
Keddened and Cabaged, booted with mud; dirty. Mousehole, Haggled, H. E.
B. V.
Keem,
comb the
to
v.
C.
hair with
a small tooth-comb.*.
Johnny Fortnight,
Junket,
and praise wish to sell;
fictitious offers
anything
Kayer,
pisky (pixie). Jack-the-lantera, Joan-the- wad, That tickled the maid and made her mad, Light me home, the weather is bad." T. Q. Couch, Polperro.
Joggle,
make
31
"
carrot.
called
kai-yer,
feed."
H. E.
Keggas, often are good pigs'
C.
Kaig-nail, Keg-nail, a misshapen finger-nail or toe-nail.
Kaille-alley, a ninepin-alley. Kailles, ninepins.
Kan-kayers, "two or three confederates
who
unite to disparage anything they wish to buy, or
Keeming-comb, a small
tooth-
comb.
" A bra' Keenly, adj. promising. of a prolode," keenly spoken Somemising vein of metal. times
' '
A bra'
Keenly, adv. to
it
kindly lode." " He takes
deftly.
keenly."
Keep
company,
v.
Engaged
people are said to keep company. Keep on, v. to scold incessantly. "What are 'ee keeping on
about?" Keeve, a brewer's tub. "She must speak out she can't " Consider under the keeve." ;
St.
Knighton's
kieve,
also
a
potato kieve, where potatoes are kept covered with earth." J. "W. to draggle. condition.
Keggle,
v.
Kelter,
order,
bad
Kendle-teening, time. teen
"In
kelter."
To
candle-lighting
light a candle is to
it.
" 'Twas kendle-teening
when yung Uncle
Jan
in the T. Q. Couch.
eye.
Mall
Treloare." Trenoodle.
Kennel, an ulcer
Kenning,
Kenning-herb, the crowfoot used in incantations for curing kon:
nings.
Polwhele.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
32
Kente pathen-gy, wooden
pins belonging to the stone anchor used in punts. B. V. Kente-
purthurgy
W.
(g hard),
F. P.,
must be
Mousehole fishermen.
Kern,
v.
Kerned, flower
p. p. as adj. fruit.
turned from " The
apple
blowths have kerned." The word " the blosset is often used, as soms have all set." Metal fixed or concreted around quartz is also said
' '
to
have kerned.
1 '
Keveran, the leather that joins the two pieces of wood in a flail. Kib, v. to mend a gap in a hedge with thorns.
Kibbed, fenced by wood, thorns, briars, &c., being laid down, as applied to a hedge. Polwhele. Kibble, a mine bucket.
"To play adj. sticky. kibby" a term of contempt used by boys in playing marbles when
Kibby,
marbles
the
off.
Killimore, an earth-nut.
to curdle.
to
Killick, a stone set in a frame of wood, or thick rope used to anchor boats on rough grounds. "I must up killick and go," I
the
hit
player's
Halli-
well. Cornish, literally the grove-
nut.
Polwhele.
Kimbly, the name of an
offering,
generally a piece of bread or cake, still given in some districts to the first person met on going to a wedding or a christening. Sometimes given to a person bringing the news of a birth to
an interested person.
A
cake, called a groaning cake, is made in some houses after the birth of a child, of which every caller is " expected to partake. The mother carries the groaning cake when going to be churched." H. E. C.
Kings, donkeys.
Redruth, Corn-
ish Telegraph, Sept., 1879.
Kip, a cap or net. Kipes, a thin, lanky person.
nails.
"A
chapped heels. mizen used by a small Kicker,
Kibby
heels,
fishing boats.
W.
F. P.
Kicklish, adj. ticklish
;
tottering.
v. to stutter ; to stammer. kick-hammering fellow," a " A kick in his stammerer. speech," a defect.
Kicky, "
A
Kiddaw, a sea-bird
;
a guillem.
Kidge, v. to stick ; to unite, as broken bones. " We don't kidge,"
we
Kipesy, adj. thin; lanky. kipes, as thin as a bundle of pipes."
dried,
brittle
stem.
The
dry stems or stalks of "keggas," wild carrot, or wild "A withered kiskey of parsnip. a man."
Kist-vean, a small stone chest. v. to dab. Halli-
Kit, a smear, well.
Kit, kith and kin. kit of
don't agree.
a
Kiskey,
"
The whole
them."
Kidley-wink, Tidly-wink, a beerA man is sometimes said shop. "to keep a kidly."
"As yellow as Kit, a kite. kits foot" (pron. keet).
Kidling, adj. ailing] physically weak. S. C. J. Kidling or
Kittens, the kidneys.
kidly, T. C., tricking; cozening.
Kiggal,
"a
spindle.
rings, spindle whirls." Killas, clay -slate; schist.
KiggalBottrell.
a
Kitt, v. to steal ore.
Kittereen, a primitive omnibus. " The Kit-Tereen was an open car that ran between Penzance and Truro, set up by Christopher Treen."
J.
W.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. "
The stealing. Tregellas. kitting case."
Kitting, part,
famous
Kitty-bags, rags wrapped round labourers' legs to keep off the wet, or straw bands. Kity, adj. cracked ; harebrained.
Knack, a knock. " The bal
is
v.
knocked."
to
to beat.
v.
Knap, "the top hill."
T.
Knawed,
v.
Knitster, a
Q,.
or
brow of
a
Lap, anything disagreeable to eat " or drink. I don't like such cold lap" a Polwhele.
dancer.
Lappior,
v.
Lappy,
Halliwell,
to lap.
imp. knew.
Lasher, a large
knits.
fish is
measure. to flog.
A
lacing
is
a
flogging.
Ladies' trees, small branches of dried seaweed, hung up in chimneys to protect the house from fire.
lash of
" To
rain.
on the bottom Lag, a dirty mess "
I hate a lag as as any one." v. to draggle
of a dress.
v. walking in the water P. W. P. with naked feet. iLaggen, v. to splash in the water applied to fish, also to children playing in the sea without shoes or stockings. B. V., Mousehole. Laister, the yellow water iris.
Lagen,
:
" This
thing.
Lasking, a word used by the .
Cornish fishermen when nearing a point. They say " Keep the boat lasking," i. e. steer the boat so that she may go near the P. W. P. Lasking, keep point. near shore a term used by fishermen. B. V., Mousehole. ;
Lattice, tin-plate. Latteen, Lost-
W.
Lattice- ware, tin-plate ware. lattice cup," a tin cup.
Launder, a trough
for
"
A
washing
a gutter for carrying off the water from the roofs of houses. tin
in the mud.
in.
a lasher."
withiel, J.
Lafts, lathes.
much
A
lash in pieces" is to break pieces.
Lace, a rood or perch; a land v,
Lash, v. to pour. rain" is a torrent of
Couch.
woman who
sole.
Garland.
"
up."
Lace,
Lanthorn-fish, a smooth
Lap,
stop.
"Knack
33
;
Lawen, a large, open mine- working in the back of a lode left in a 'dangerous state. Towednack, T. C.
Lawn,
Lawrence, the patron
saint
of
" He's as lazy as Law" One would think that rence." Lawrence had got hold of him idlers.
'
a bay, as G-wavas lake, Penzance. "At Lostwithiel a brook is called a
Lake, a portion of
lake."
Lammy,
J.W. a kid
;
sometimes made
" into a pie called lammy pie." " Lampered Lampered, mottled. T. Q. Couch. all over."
Land-yard, two
staves, or 18ft., are a land-yard, and 160 landyards an acre.
'
(pron. La'rence).
Layer, a winnowing sheet. " Like out, slightly insane. Crocker, a leaf out.
Leaf
1 '
Leaping- stock, a horse-block. Leary, adj. hungry; weak.
"Empty,"
J.
W.
"Lairy,"
Couch.
Lease,
v.
to pick stones
from the
34
CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
TTEST
surface of the fields. " Leasing, picking stones." Polwhele.
Leat, a gutter ; a narrow artificial "Don't water; a mill-stream. waalk in the hat ; thee baist." to Leave. " I'm not out
go " Lev'
left
in the cold." Lev' for
let.
us go."
Lemon
plant, the verbena.
Lent
yellow
where
is
all
;
to smear lightly. "You've your sleeve in the mustard." " Your dress is licking in. the mud."
Lick,
v.
licked
Lidden, a word ; talk ; a burden " The of a song or complaint. same old lidden." A. monotonous song. T.Q. Couch. Also "broad,"
H. E. 0. " The wind has Lie, v. gone to lie" (subsided). " The corn has
to flap about.
v.
Lerrick,
common
the
lily, daffodil.
Hbbings and " iny mallard ? >
oh,
adj.
gone to lie" (broken by wind and rain has fallen flat).
Lerrnps, the scraps of meat sold by butchers. Larrups, Scilly.
Lig, Liggan, a kind of seaweed. " manure of
a
Lerrupping,
flogging,
large.
Lestercock, a toy-boat sent out before the wind by fishermen in rough weather with a string of
Couch.
hooks. v.
Let, let
to stop
"
to hinder.
;
my marble." an
Letterpooch,
You
T. Q. Couch.
old
Cornish
dance. v. to plan. a Level, gallery of a mine.
Leustre,
marsh
the
iris
(pron,
layers).
Lewth, Lew, a place sheltered from the wind. Liard, a Hard,
liar.
you
"You're a
g'eat
are."
Libbety-lat, a game for children. They stand before a hassock or step, and put the right and left foot alternately on it as fast as they possibly can, keeping time to the words,
"
Libbety, libbety, libbety lot, can do this and who can do
Who
that?
And who
" He's coming home with penny liggan" (lacking, like a bad penny returned). " I can't play any more, I'm penny liggan"
Liggan.
Likes, adv. probability ; likelihood. "Do 'ee think there's
Levener, Elevener, a luncheon. Levers,
Liggan, composed autumnal leaves washed down by a stream and deposited by side eddies." Fowey, T. Q.
can do anything better "
than that ?
Libbings, the webs of a water" fowl's feet. Wingy, wingy,
likes o'
rain
?
"
Until within the twenty years it was the custom in Penzance on Easter
Lilly-banger. last
Monday to bring out in the lower parts of the town tables before the doors, on which were placed thick gingerbread cakes with raisins in them, cups and saucers, &c., to be raffled for with lilly-bangers (cup and dice). The
stalls
Limb.
were called
"lilly-
stalls."
banger
" Your daughter looks
well." "No, she's but slight; her face is her best limb."
Lime-ash, a composition of sifted ashes and mortar used for flooring kitchens.
Limner, a painter. paint a
boat
"
You
as well
caan't as our
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. limner,'
'
Newlyn
fisherman of an
:
spoken by a
artist
who
lives
there.
beat severely. Linch, Liner, a threshed sheaf of corn. v. to
an
lean-to roof
;
out-house with a a shed for cattle.
of endearment. " She's her mother's linkum."
Linsing, a thrashing.
He
taalks
"
Liquorice - ball, liquorice. pennard of liquorice-ball." ;
A
Listing, p. p. as adj. writhing
with pain.
an old-fashioned She's a regular littlechild. mount. The Mount (St. Michael's Mount) will never be washed
Little-mount,
oyster, Polwhele.
Looch,
;
also
a lotion. " a double Loader, apple." T. Q. Couch. v. to throw or knock in a careless manner.
Lob,
idle,
about stupid
fellow.
Locust, long, thin sugar-stick, always rolled up in paper. Lodden, a pool. Also Plodden.
Lode, a vein of metal. v.
Log,
'.
to laugh.
to oscillate.
warm,
misty
filth
;
refuse.
Hayle, T. C.
Looking, part, asking ; demand" ing. They are looking a shilling a dozen." Loon, the northern diver. " Stinking, great lazy, great looted ; if thee canst have a veil and go walking about the lanes, that's all thee carest for." Penzance, T. C,
Lop, Loppy, v. to limp. Lopperd, a limper. F. C. Losting, horse
part,
is lasting
Louggy, fagged.
"Our
losing. his coat."
" The crew of
the brig seemed very louggy," Q-.
whilst she's living."
Loach, a doctor's draught
LofF,
" the sea crayfish."
Long
' '
Lobba, Loblolly, an
" Run-
'
1 1
Lootal.
a sloven.
Lirrupping, hanging in strips; " Your coming down. gown is lirrupping in the mud." See Lerrups.
away
"In W.
weather.
"I had a
Lirrup, a strip
(pull)
fro.
Long-dog, a greyhound. ning like a long-dog.
Looby - weather,
lintel.
" lipsy (he seizure ten lisps). years ago, and I can't talk but lipsy" Penzauce, T. 0.
"
Lipsy.
and
to
a lizard. Devonshire a snake." J.
Long - cripple,
Linkum, a term
Lintern, the
" I'll Loggers, ears. grock thy loggers for thee."
Logging, moving
Linguister, an interpreter.
Linhay,
Logan-rock, a stone that oscillates.
E.,
Cornithman >
Penzance,
Dec., 1879.
See Loustre, v. to work hard. Leustre. " He that caan't leustre " or He that caan't mustloustre,"
planny must work.'
'
Loustring man, a strong man, able to do a hard day's work.
Love entangle, "the
nigella or fennel-flower." Halliwell, Pol" Love - in whele. tangle," J.
W.
Lubbercock,
a
Lubberleet,
turkey-cock. " Lubber, lubber-leef,
Look
"
at
your dirty feet Said by boys in a harsh voice !
D
2
,
to
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
35
turkeys to vex them. as a hibbercock" Lad. " Sent all of a
"As red
lud," struck
a heap. W. N. the "beach-worm, used for Lug, bait.
Making-wise, v. to make belief. Malkin, a cloth nailed to a stick used to clean out ovens
;
a dirty
;
person.
"
a click tinder the lug" a box in the ear. Lug-sand, the fine sand close to the water' s edge in Mount's Bay. Lugg, the undergrowth of weeds ears.
Lugs,
I'll
gi' 'ee
in a field of corn. " If
Lumping-eel, Sudles-eel, a fish. A lamprey of the family called Petromyzidic (query)." H. R. C. ' '
adj. all of a heap. Lumpous, " She sat down lumpous." Lurker, a "boat in which the
master seiner
sits to
give instruc-
tions.
Lurk, Lurgy, idleness; laziness. "The fever of lurk, two stomachs " to eat, and neither one to work ; or the fever of lurgy.
Lutter- pooch, Litter -pooch,
a
slovenly person.
"As
stiff
as
a
'
a drink
made
of gin
treacle.
"
The weather was
so
catching that I could not put my sheaves of corn either into shocks or arish-mows ; but made them These are built into mairs." longitudinally, about 18ffc. in
length by
12ft. deep.
through H. B,
Make-home,
v.
people
"Manchun
bread."
Market-jew, Marazion. A corruption of the old name, Maia Thursday's market raiew (Carew). Norden spells it Marcajewe, and gives it the same " In his own meaning. light, like the Mayor of Marketjew" " Capital inhabitants," the corporate electors of Marazion. Through J. M. Cornish, Penzance.
Market -jew turmut,
a
large
white turnip grown in Marazion, or Yellow Dutch. a number. "
Mashes,
great Aye, a caled the poor doctor a mashes of names." Uncle Jan Trenoodle.
Maun, Maund, a large coarselymade hamper used for sending potatoes, &c., to market. a piece of bread and butter.
A sugary maw,"
bread, butter,
and sugar. (Morsel, pron. Mawsel. ) " That's Maxim, a whim. idea. old Ann's work; she's full of her maxims." ;
Madgiowler, a large moth. Maggety-pie (y's hard), a magpie.
Mahogany,
;
mon
Maw, "
Mabyer, a young hen that has never laid. mabyerC
Manchet, a small loaf of bread, not baked in a tin, in shape like a large bun called by the com-
;
like it v. you don't " Swallow you must "lump it."
Lump,
.
" He's
a make-belief.
only a make-write."
all of
and Mair.
Make wise,
St.
Levan,
C.
to shut.
Itome the door."
" Make-
May, the young
shoots of the
sycamore. May-bee, a cockchafer.
May-bird, the whimbrel. Couch. (pron. maygum), an odd, foolish action also a person who so acts. " Don't make mock of a maygame; you may be struck
May-game
;
comical yourself one day."
May-horn, a large tin horn blown by boys on May-day. Sometimes as early as five in the morning,
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. parties of boys, five or six in a party, will assemble under your
windows, blowing tin horns and conch shells, and begging for money. With the money collected they go into the country and have bread-and-cream jun-
An
additional ring of ket, &c. tin is added to the bottom of the
horns every year. Mazed-antic, Mazegerry, Mazegerry-pattick (pron. maazed), a wild, foolish, frolicsome fellow. Mazzard, a small black cherry.
Meanolas, a kind of stove. It was a square box filled with stones and clay, used by fisher-
:
men
in their boats, before the invention of stoves, as a fire-
place their hole.
on which they dressed meat. W. F. P., MouseM6nolas, H. E. 0.
Meat
mait),
to
v.
feed.
(pron. " Meat is " Mait the pigs." in Cornwall in its still used general sense, and not for ani-
mal food only." Meat-earth,
Meaty, maity
J.
W.
adj.
fleshy.
as a
common
a term of en; dearment. " She' s fayther' s little
meryon"
(pron. mer-yon).
Merry-dancers,
the
Aurora
Borealis.
Merrysole French
merisol), a
(pron.
sole.
p. "scattered by Sennen, T. C. Midget, a very small bit; a scrap. Midgetty-morrows, the fidgets.
Mewed,
p.
fright."
Midgetty-por, a great confusion. What a midgetty-por you have around you.' Miggalconpore, ' '
'
H. E. C. Midjans, " The
small
cup
is
bits ; shreds. skat (broken) to
midjans."
Milchy
-
bread,
bread,
moist,
made from milchy
sticky corn.
-
Milchy-corn, corn that has germinated.
Milpreve, a coralline ball worn
charm against
adders.
Mimsey, the minnow.
Polwhele,
Minch, Minchy, v. to play the truant. Meech, Polwhele. Mincher, one who plays the
Halliwell, Couch. stone.
Meryon, an ant
" She's a
little pig."
Meayer, a measure. Meeder, a mower.
Men, a
Merle, a link of a chain.
as a
soil.
37
truant.
Men
not used noun, but only in is
proper names. Men-an-tol, a stone with a round hole in it. Called by the country " crick-stone," because it people is supposed to have the power of healing those who would crawl
" Maen tol, or the through it. stone with a hole, on Anguidal Downs in Madern, famous for
curing pains in the back, by going through the hole, three, Borlase's five, or nine times." "Antiquities," p. 178. Men-skryfa, an inscribed stone. Sometimes spelt " en scry/a."
M
Misment, a mistake. misment on
" 'Twas a
my part."
Miz-maze, Mizzy-maze, a bewilderment. " I'm all o' a mizzy-
maze"
Mock, a
large block.
A
piece of Christmas mock is in some parts saved to light the next year's. See Chrestmasthis year' s
stock.
Mock, the cheese
or compound of apples and reeds in the wring or cider press. Polwhele.
Mocket, a bib attached to an apron to keep the front of the dress clean.
38
CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
TVEST
Mood, the fungus produced on J. W. liquor by fermentation. "
A sweetbread.
the ears inside." (Pedrack
Mow.)
Davy, Zennor.
' '
has been
(pron. mo-ey), an enclosure of ricks of corn or hay. " Out in the mo-ey close."
Moor, Maur, the root of a plant "Nack't the mabyers or tree. (little hens) both stiff wi' a great
A hybrid beMoyle, a mule. tween a stallion and an ass." T. " As stubborn as a Q. Couch, moyle." Moyle is a surname in
Vegetable sap.
Mowhay
Couch.
Moonshine,
spirit that
"
smuggled.
maur Jan
of fuz" Trenoodle.
(furse).
Uncle
Moorstone, granite.
Money-penny, the small white cowrie.
needy, hide and seek
(mope and hide). "Every fit and turn, mopping about together. Mopping going together in company; spoken of a young man and woman supposed to be courting." Towed-
=
nack, T. C.
Moral, a resemblance ; a likeness. The very moral of his fayther.' Morrabs, Morraps, land near the sea. Now used as a proper noun. '
' '
Mort, hog's lard. Mort, a plenty ; a great number.
A mort of
people." v. to digest;
Mort, Morty, turn to
entrails,
to
v. to work hard make dough.
to
silent,
root.
Moth, moss. F. C. Mouth-speech, speech.
" Hav'
your mouth-speech ?" Mow, Brummal, a round mow, enlarging in diameter from the base up to a certain height, from which it again contracts to the 'ee lost
apex. All the sheaves are placed with the ears inward in the lower, and outward in the upper, part.
(Brummal Mow.)
Mow, Pedrack, preserving
the
a round mow same diameter
throughout until it begins to contract at the apex, having all
knead
stupid person.
mumchance, to
;
J.
W.
tent
in
sit silent."
the
which strolling players perform. The performers are never spoken of as actors, but play-actors.
Mun,
decaying manure.
fish
used
for
Mundic, iron pyrites sometimes cut, polished, and sold for ornaments under the name of " Mar;
casite." v. to chew Munge, " Munge your dough
fat.
to
;
Muller, a stone formerly used for reducing tin ore to powder. Mumchance (pron. chaence), a " To sit
;
Mot, the
of
and
parsley,
Mule,
Mumming -booth,
Mor, Murre, a guillemot.
"
sheep's
cream.
Scilly.
Mop and
Cornwall.
Muggets, sheep's entrails. Muggety-pie, a pie made
to knead. well."
" He did not he munged me upon my side with his knee when I was on the ground." Penzance,
Munged (g strike me
soft).
;
T. C.
horse-collar made of twisted straw. Polwhele.
Munger, a
"a mouse, mice ; a dormouse, dormice." (Qu. mures Lat.) I heard a woman in Meneg say of two children asleep, "They are sleeping like two little mwra."
Mur, Murs,
Polwhele.
"
He Mured, p. p. squeezed. mured me up agen the wall."
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. " I war Murely, adv. almost. murely ready to daunce where I stood." Uncle Jan Trenoodle.
Murfled. freckled. Murfles, freckles.
afterwards made into a miniature sheaf, gaily decorated with ribbons and flowers; carried home in triumph, and hung up to a beam in the kitchen, where it is left until the next harvest. T.
Murgy, a
dog-fish.
Murrick, a sloven.
E.
I.
39
Q,.
Couch, Polperro,
p.
159,
gives rather a different account of this custom, and says that the neck is given on Christmas Eve to the master bullock in the
C.
Musicianer, a musician. a mule. "The hybrid between the male ass and mare." Couch. See Moyle.
Mute,
stall.
Neck
of the foot, phr. the instep.
Neflin, cross; glum; sulking. Mutting, " Don't sit mutting there."
Newfoundland
cod.
Nepperkin, the eighth part of a pint.
My-ivers, My-lverinos, interjection of surprise.
Nackan,
Nacker,
Nacker,
Nackin,
wheatear.
T.
Q.
Nagging-pain, a dull pain. Nag-ridden, troubled with the nightmare. Nail-spring, a hang-nail.
a caterpillar. ;
" applied to meat when composed of fat and lean." Couch. entrails.
adj. stingy.
!
!
say "What hav' 'ee? hav' 'ee? What hav' He answers, " A neck neck " !
What 'eeP"
A neck!
They then all hurrah loudly three times. The neck is !
A
ha'
pord
" I've
Nickers, Nuggies, gnomes ; mine fairies heard working before ;
Nickly-thize, the harvest-home Scilly Isles.
Nicky-nan-night (Hall Monday). " On the day termed Hall Monday,' which precedes Shrove Tuesday, about the dusk of the evening, it is the custom for boys, and in some cases for those '
Neck, the last sheaf of corn, which is cut by the oldest reaper. He calls out " I have et I have et I have et " The others
A
"
Nicked, p. p. deceived. nicked him."
supper.
turnip.
!
in the fire."
the miners.
Natlings, the small
Neary,
it
of nicey.'
debilitated adj. pale ; susceptible of cold.
Neap, a
Nibbles, nebulous clouds. Nice chance, phr. near chance. " 'Twas a nice chance I didn't
Nicey, sweetmeats.
Nash,
fairly T. Q.
The Barley Mow.
Nestle-bird, nestling ; the smallest bird of a brood; a pet. "The youngest of a family left at home, when the others have gone into the world." J. W.
throw
Nale, Nawl, an awl.
Natey,
Mow."
a
Couch.
Nanny- viper,
out of the
it
nepperkin, boys. Here's health to the Barley
pocket handkerchief.
the
"We'll drink
above the age of boys, to prowl about the streets with short clubs,
and
to
knock loudly at
off to escape detection on the slightest sign of
every door, running
40
CORNWALL GLOSSARY;
\VEST
a motion within.
If,
no attention be especially if any
however,
and
excited,
article be discovered negligently exposed or carelessly guarded, then the things are carried away, and on the following morning are seen displayed in some conspicuous place, to expose the disgraceful want of vigilance supposed to The characterise the owner. time when this is practised is called Nicky-nan-night,' and the individuals concerned are '
supposed to represent some imps of darkness, that seize on, and
moments."
unguarded
expose
" Nauns : for the nones." didn't do it for the nauns,'
up '
He
that is on purpose." (Camborne), T. C.
Notino, Notsino, no ; emphatic denial not that I know, or not as I know. ;
Nowle, a pig's bead. Nuddick, tbe neck.
Niddick,
T. Q., Couch,
Null, a dry crust. " He's a Nurly. nurly fellow to deal with,"
i. e.
T. C.
sulky.
Nuthall, the hazel.
Couch
(Polperro), p. 151, Royal Institution of Cornwall, 1842.
a
;
Niffed, />. p. vexed.
" She's gone
tiff.
away niffed" Night -nobby, a commode;
a
night-stool.
gill,
Noggin-wall, rough stone.
the fourth part
a
wall
built
of
" a block-
Garland.
" I said there Noise, a scolding. would be a bitter (great) noise when Missus know'd you'd brok un" (broken it). Nool,
v.
to
thump
;
Nooling, a beating. to nuzzle or nestle, as a child to its mother's v.
" Thof (though) I've bin ever sense I noozled the nepple."
bosom.
Jan
Trenoodle.
No
quarterings, no halfings, no pick-a-daniels, a term used by boys when they find anything.
Nones, Nonce, Nines, on purpose;
"He
ought.
oft
to
et."
caves Polwhele.
Ogos,
Old,
must.
"The
the
along
shore.
"It
clothes
tastes of
old."
smell
old"
of
(musty).
for the occasion.
old-fashioned person or child. "What an old hunderd she es." Query, as solemn as the old 100th Psalm. Ollick, the bouse leek. Ool, wool.
(very
to beat.
Noozled the nepple,
Uncle
do
Old hunderd, Little hunderd, an
Noggle-head, Noggy, head."
v.
Oft,
Oiler, a waterproof mackintosh.
Nimpingale, a whitlow.
Noggin, a of a pint.
Oak-web, a May-bee; the cockchafer.
Niff, a slight quarrel
"He
on the gove me a scat (slap) chaks for the nonce." " Dressed
"As plum
as 'ool"
soft).
Oost, a disease of cattle caused worms in the windpipe.
by
Ope, a narrow c'overed passage between two houses an opening. ;
Oreweed, sea-weed. Organ, Orgal, penny royaL " The Orrel, a porch or balcony. ground-apartment of a fisherman's house is often a fish cellar, and the first floor serves him for kitchen and parlour. The latter is reached by a flight of stone
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. steps ending in
an orrel or porch."
Couch. property.
Outlander, a foreigner. Out- window (pron. wender), bay or how window.
"What
stretched. .
notions you have." Overgone, p. p. as
a
overfanqed v ij over-
adj.
bewitched.
the
eaves
" Oves."
of
a
house.
to
;
breathe
an agricultural
instru-
" Frenchmen with their wooden shoes snails
and padgety poos." Jan Trenoodle. :
Uncle
Padgypow, an
eft
(proper noun).
"He's a pasker" a clumsy workman. Ludgvan,
Pass, a slap ; a beating. Pass. " Quietus, they'll give him his pass some night or other." J., Royal Institution of Cornwall.
Passle (parcel), a great number. " A bra' of passle
people."
Pasty,
a small, sharp piece of iron with a long handle for cutting out the roots of weeds. Padgetypoo, a frog ; a tadpole.
Eating
field
Pasher.
a meat and potatoe or fruit turnover.
Couch.
;
;
a lizard
;
the
newt. Pair, a set of miners that work together in a gang. Pair of movies (mules), usually about thirty, for carrying tin. halfailing; cured; patched: applied to inva" lids. poor palched creature.
Palched,
pant
T. C.
powered; faint. F. C. Overlook, to bewitch ; overlooked ;
ment
to
PansMon, a milk-pan. Pare, a
Overfanged, p. p. as adj. strained ;
Paddle,
v.
hard.
Ounce, the sixteenth part of any
Ovvis,
Pank,
41
always
A
' '
Pallace, a cellar for the bulking of pilchards usually a square building with a pent house roof, enclosing an open area or court. Couch. :
Palsh, palsied. Towednack, T. C. Palshallals, the diarrhoea. Paine, the palm of the hand. Pan-crock, an earthen pan. Pane, a parsnip.
Pane-seed, parsnip-seed.
Patch-hook, a bill-hook. Pattick, a merry fellow
;
a fool.
Pattick, Paddick, a small pitcher.
Paul's
pitcher-day,
St.
Paul's
Eve (January 24th); a miner's holyday. They set up a waterpitcher, which they pelt with stones until it is broken to pieces.
They then buy a new one which they carry to a beer-shop and fill, and empty it until they get drunk. In Ilfracombe the boys fill a pitcher with filth, and going about the streets throw it slily into people's houses. a forfeit. " Here's & paten,
Pawn,
and a very pretty pawn, and what shall the owner of this paivn do
?
"
Payse, Peize,
v.
to weigh.
Paysen, Peizen, weights. Payser, Peizer, a man weighs tin. Pea, the hard roe of a fish.
Peach,
who
chlorite.
Peach away,
v.
to coax or entice
away.
Peecher, ment."
" a bait B. V.
;
an
allure-
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. " He's smart. adj. fellow." peart Peasen, the plural of peas.
a
Peart,
full of quaint ; " He's a peathy man." sayings. "Peathy old fellow with plenty
Peathy,
adj. witty
of gumption." Pedalincan, the great cuttle-fish. SciUy Isles, through H. E. C.
Phrase.
Pick-up, fish and potatoes mashed together and fried.
Picrous-day, the miner's great holyday, supposed to be in
honour of Picrous, the discoverer of tin.
" " Your hands are like pie
Pie.
(pron. padilincan).
"
I shall soon learn the " phrases of the house (the habits of the family). Polwhele.
(very warm).
Pednameny, game played with pins also called Pinny-Ninny. Pedna -a- mean, heads - and B. V. tails, a game of pins."
peacen), v. patch ; to put in a piece. Piff, a slight quarrel ; a tiff.
Pednan, small pieces of Davy, Zennor.
turf.
Piggal, a pick-axe ; a large hoe used for cutting turf.
Spoken
Piggy-dog, a dog-fish. Piggy-whidden, the smallest or
a
:
' '
Pednbokshrlostwithel.
by fishermen peculiar model to
mean
' '
cod's
W.
tail."
in describing the of a boat is said :
head and conger's
P. P.
B. V.
Pedn-borbas, cod's head. Pedn-paly, the Peel, a pillow.
Peendy,
blue-tit.
Polwhele.
meat.
man, applied
to
a cunning supposed
in
cases of bewitching. Pellas, Pillus, oats
husks.
without
"I hove down some
amongst 'em to eat." corn, Avoid Nuda.
pellas
Pellowe-bere,
Pil-
Pillow-bere,
a
"I were
pillow-case. glad to put ma head 'pon the pellowebere." Uncle Jan Trenoodle.
Pend,
v.
to
shut
T.
in.
^
(pron.
to
youngest pig, sometimes applied to the youngest child. " piggy-whidden (a white pig). ' '
"
Piggy - whidden - pie.
My
Some
would die, and some did die, and of these we made piggy-
adj. tainted, applied to
Peeth, a welL Pellar, a conjuror;
Piecen
Q.
Couch.
whidden-pie."
See Crowe. Pig's-crowe. Pilcher, a pilchard. "Money without love is like salt without pitchers." Killed as dead as a salt ' '
"Like crame (cream) pilcher." upon pilchers," or pilchards. pile of wrangle,"
deeply involved in the dispute. Polwhele. " used Filer. farm
A
i. e.
implement
to pound, or cut the beards from barley in winnowing." B. V. Pilf, light grass and roots together to be burnt.
Pilf,
Pendle, a pendulum. Penique, adj. firm ; precise ; neat. " She's a little thing." " You are penique looking quite penique."
"In a
deeply involved.
Pile,
raked
Film, Pillem, light dust or
fluff.
West Cornwall.
"In
the
east of Cornwall applied to dried
mud."
Polwhele.
Fillers, places
on the downs
in-
their smoothness terrupting tufts of long grass, rushes, &c., forming covers for hares. ;
Perjinkety, offence.
adj.
apt
to
take
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
43
fellow.
the injun, left ma boondle on the planchen" (called out of a rail-
Pimpy, the after cider, made "by throwing water on the almost exhausted mass of alternate apple and straw (beverage).
Plashet, a moist place where a stream rises ; a quagmire.
Piljack, a poor, mean Piliack, Davy, Zemior. Pill, a pool ; a creek.
way
carriage to the guard).
Plat -footed,
Pin, the hip. Pin-bone, the hip-bone.
Plethan,
Pindy, mouldy. J. W. Pinnick, the wryneck.
Ploffy,
drunk as a Piraner." a.
pisky"
Laugh-
See-saw,
Margery Daw, sold her bed and lay upon straw. Sold her bed and lay on hay, Pisky came and took her away." Pisky-led, one who has lost his way, and is supposed to be bewitched. The remedy is to sit down and turn your stockings. "Pisky-led, often whiskey-led."
Pisky-stool, a mushroom. Pitch, the working of a piece of a mine, sold by public auction to two or four workmen every
two months. is let
"
pitch
The whole mine
"A
out in pitches. is a good bargain.
Pitched, p.p.
good
taking root after
"The turmats transplanting. "Also (turnips) are pitched." fruit set after the flower is gone is
said to be pitched (the meanall these cases is set)."
ing in J.
W.
Pitch-to,
v.
braid; to plait.
to set to work.
!
"A
plump. "
fat;
(hen).
Plosh, a puddle. Plosher, a half-grown bream.
Plough, a wheel-carriage drawn by oxen. Fluff, fur. soft
adj.
out
;
of con-
dition, applied to feathers, &c., sometimes to a spongy turnip.
Plum,
adj.
foolish. is
as
soft
stupid " This tye (feather-bed) ;
as
plum
light
;
;
'ool
(wool)."
" He's Pretty plum weather." as plum as boften dough." To "
fall plum mud.
to fall soft, as in
is
" 'Twill
Plum, Plim, v. to swell. plum in boiling." Plum-cake, a light cake.
Plum-dough, well
Plumming,
risen dough.
dough
yeast, raising
with yeast. Plump, a pump; a well.
pump. Plumpy,
Poam,
v.
v.
with the
to churn.
to
pummel;
v.
to
Halliwell.
knock
to
fist.
Foaming, a pummelling. Pocks, shoves or pushes.
Jan
Planchen, a board; a wooden floor. "Thrawed his hat on the planchen, and died kickey " " rather. Tendar tendar stop !
adj.
Fluffy,
" "
to
v.
pl/y young mabyer
;
ing like
adj.
Polwhele.
Pinnikin, weakly puny. Piran-day, the fifth of March; a tinner's holyday. St. Piran is the patron saint of tinners, popularly supposed to have died drunk; the proverb says, "As
Pisky, Pixie, a fairy.
Splat -footed,
splay-footed.
Uncle
Trenoodle.
Peddling, adj. meddling " She fered.
;
inter-
goes poddling."
Podging, part, as adj. poking about. "Podging about the
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY".
44 "In
house."
this thing,
podging in that." Pod^y, short and stout.
and
"A
podgy man."
Poldavy, coarse, hempen
cloath.
Pollet, Polleck, a stick, crooked or knobbed at one end. W. F. P.
Pol-yn, a stick, B. V. Polrumptious, adj. restive; obstreperous.
Poltate, Tatie, a potatoe. Pomster, v. to cure a sick person " For there's docby quackery. tors as pomsters all sorts of disUncle
eases."
Jan a
Pooch-mouth,
Trenoodle.
v.
as a portmantle Porvan, a rush-wick for a lamp. Posh, a heaviness on the chest from mucus, occasioning a loose
cough.
Polwhele.
Poss (plural posses), a gate-post. "Water will wear away stonen
Possed up, p. p. posted up ; " With pushed up placed up. a make- wise faace, passed on top of his awn." Uncle Jan Tre;
Pots, the entrails.
wooden
boxes without and with moveable sides, formerly used to carry dung on
Pots,
make mouths.
to
" Did
hear tell of sich a thing " ?
'ee see or
noodle.
protruding
mouth.
Poochy,
Porth, a cove.
Portmantle, a portm anteau.
covers,
Pook, hay-cock.
horses' backs to the fields.
"It's gone poor" Poor, bad. turned sour (as beer).
Pot-water, water for common not drinking household use
Poor-money, bad money.
:
water.
Poor-tempered, ill-tempered. Poot, a push with the feet. Poot,
and
v. to
" push.
flopt so, I
Pound, a cider mill where cider is made.
To be pooted
wesh I was
dead."
" This young fellow caught him
by the hair of his head and gauve him a bit of a shake, and gauve him a poot or two with his foot, but as to kicking him, he Towednack, T. 0.
didn't."
Powdered,
flower of the fox-glove. a sea-bird. ;
"
Powers, a great number.
Maade
with powers of
of pasty-board,
beads and looking-glass."
Jan
Uncle
Trenoodle.
pan
to a dog's
tail.
"
A preedy piece of
shall not
Popple, Popple-stone, a pebble.
"A
slightly salted.
Preedy, adj. forward
Pope, a puffin
the place
powdered cod."
Prall, v. to tie a tin
Pop-dock, Pop-glove, Poppy, the
;
;
conceited.
goods."
"I
make myself preedy"
Popple-stone pavement, a pebblestone pavement.
Eedruth, T. C. Preedy, adv. with ease. does it bra' and preedy."
Popples, poplar trees. " What a Por, a bustle or fuss. in." por you're Porf, a pool of stagnant water.
Preventive-station, a coastguard
Portens,
a
' '
appurtenance. portens"
term Sheepshead and
butcher's
;
"She
Preventive-man, a coastguard. station.
Prid-prad, a tomtit. Priden-prall, a blue-tit.
Pridy, handsome
;
good-looking
;
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. smart. "
pridy
"All prinked up
so
Uncle
Jan
(all dressed).
Trenoodle.
"a Prill, a small stone, as prill of tin." Masons speaking of a stone which does not at once
make mortar, but afterwards " a hot bursts out, call it prill." Prill, v. to mix. Prill, v. to turn sour (as beer).
Prilled, p. p. drunk. to
v.
Prinkt,
walk jauntily.
p. p.
" You're>mtAtf
dressed
finely.
up for the nones."
silver fork
Prong, a
;
also a hay-
fork.
Proper,
adj.
handsome
;
well-
" He's a proper man." Proud-flesh, fungus flesh around formed.
wounds
(exuberant
granula
-
tions).
Pru-it-Pru-it, a calling cows.
word used
in
' '
a person who continually goes to church to the neglect of
cloth.
W.
" shreds of cotton used Purvans, in wick-making for a 'chill.'" B. V. The purvana were rush wicks, the plaited rag wicks were called " boobas." H. E. C.
Pussivanting,
part, fussing; In the latter part meddling. of the seventeenth century the Poursuivants came into the county to search out all those entitled to bear arms hence the term. :
Put-going, adj. murdered.
Put-home,
home
Psalmasuntiug-person, a hypocrite
lookingboy." "Pure and stout." A pure lot of people." Purgy, a short, thick, stout person. "She's a regular little purgy." Purgy, a fat little boy. " One Purl, a guard or watch. need be always upon one's purl," i. e. one's watch. Polwhele.
Purvan, shreds of F. P. See Porvan.
Prill, v. to get drunk.
Prink,
'
45
v.
"Put shut. To see a per-
to
the door."
' '
son safely home.
" you home ?
Shall I put
;
other duties.
Quab,
fist.
Pullan,
a pool of the rocks.
among
v.
sickly,
infirm
person.
Garland.
Pad, the
Pullcronack, a small
salt
fish
water
Quaff (pron.
found
Quaffed, p. p. used as adj. satisfied ; "I'm quai/ed." full.
in pools left by the sea (bullycods) ; the shanny small-fish. ;
Pul-rose, the wheel-pit. Bottrell. The pit in which the wheel of a water-mill revolves. T. Q. Couch. Pult, the pulse. " a small Punick, person ; a B. V. dwarf." "Punick, a small eater." W. F. P.
Punion, Punyon-end, the end of a house, not having any windows or doors the gable-end. ;
Pure, Pewer, adj. good-looking ; " He's a adv. very many. pure-
quaif), v. to puff up.
Sometimes called Quail,
v.
to wither
quatted. ;
p. p. as adj.
quailled.
"These flowers soon
quail"
"Your
flowers
are
quailled."
Quail-a-way, a stye on the eye. Qualk, a heavy fall.
Quarry, Quarrel, a square or diamond-shaped piece of glass sometimes applied to a sheet of :
paper.
Quarterer, Quaterman, a lodger.
Quarters (pron. quaarters), lodgings.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
46
Quat, ftuatty, v. to hide by stooping down, as boys behind a hedge, or a hare when pursued. "Peri-
Q, weans, scallops.
Queans,
winkles."
sharp
;
shrewd
;
cutting.
Quignogs," fancies.
"
quignoys. nogs."
foolish
J.
Ramcat,
W.
Randigal, a string of nonsense "
rhodomontade.
It's
;
a regular
randigal of lies."
Bottrell.
adj.
ftueedy,
teasy as a rams-cat."
notions
or
Get out with your " You're full of u q ig-
Randivoose, a noise ; a bustle. "What's all the randivoose? I can't hear myself speak." Ranter-go-round, an old-fashioned
game of cards played in divimarked with chalk upon a
sions,
Quilkin, a frog or a young toad.
Wilky. Lostwithiel. cold as a quilkin"
J.
W. "As
Now at a and called Miss Joan. " Here's a card, as you may see Here's another as good as he Here's the best of all the three And here's Miss Joan, come tickle me. Wee, wee."
bellows or tea-tray. table,
!
Quillet, three-leaved grass, clover.
!
;
Bottrell.
" I veeled v. to flutter. come a over my sich quiltering
Quilter,
heart."
" I'll give Quilting, a beating. as 'ee sich a quilting you never
had in your
life."
Rap and
rind, plir. got together F. 0. crook.
by hook or
" The broccolow
Rare,
adj. early. (brocoli) are bra'
and rare this year." go to bed pretty rare on Sundays." T. 0. Lelant.
"We
Rab, decomposed granite used for mending roads. More Rabbin, a robin. F. C. generally rudbrist; occasionally ruddock.
Race, a
go-cart.
"
to place in a row. raced along a shelf."
Race,
v.
Cups
an excavated tunnel. Briton, December 27th, 1877.
Radgell,
W.
Rash, adj. lettuce
wood
crisp
is
;
brittle.
very rash."
" This " The
is rash."
Rauning, Raunish,a^'. ravenous; "This is a rauning voracious. a
pollock, better."
whiting
pollock
is
Raw
cream, the cream that rises naturally to the top ; not scalded or clotted,
Raw-ream,
J.
W.
Rafe, a tear or rent in a garment. Rafe, v. to rend or tear.
Raw milk, milk that has not been
Raff, Raffle-fish, unsaleable fish divided amongst the fishermen. Rames. " Looking like the rames " said of a sickly perof death
Ream,
scalded. '
:
M. A. 0. Rames of a goose, the bony framework of a goose after most of the meat has been cut off. J. W.
ream
v. it
Reamer,
to
stretch.
"Don't
out of shape." a milk-skimmer (pron.
ramer).
son.
Rechat, Eichard. Reed, unbruised straw used for bedding horses.
Lostwithiel.
Reen, prop, notm, a steep hill-side. Reese, Reeze, grain is said to reeze when from ripeness it falls
" Rams-cat, a male cat. Every in is a he Cornwall but a thing "As ram s-cat, and that's a she. '
'
out of the ear.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. v. to separate by means of a sieve, seeds, small corn, &c. from, the good grain.
Reeve,
Remlet, a remnant. ,
.
the
Rabble-ra~,h,
rabble.
break in a roof made by a strong wind carrying away the slates or thatch. carried
v.
Riffled,
away by the
" The wind
wind.
riffled lots
housen
last night
(slates)
were flying about."
Rig, fun
frolic
;
v.
Ringle,
to
;
long.
of
the hellings
;
ring
to tinkle.
;
day
I heard something rinyle
floor."
revver), any small is called a river.
stream of water
Roach, a
rash.
Robin's alight, a game of forfeits played around the fire. A piece of stick is set on fire, and whirled around rapidly in the hand of first
player,
who
says,
" Robin's alight, and if he go out I will saddle your back." It is then passed to the next who says the same thing, and so on. The person who lets the spark die out has to pay a forfeit. " Jack's alive." Scilly. ' '
!
Rory-tory, adj. very gay tawdry. "I wouldn't wear such a g'eat rory-tory pattern." " Short rosin.
Rosum,
ofrosum,"
and likely to live my hand a pawn
Jack's alive If he die in I'll
;
give." J.
Rode, sense or
W.
wit.
Lostwithiel.
"
He
hasn't
v.
to gulp
down
to drink
;
Rousabout, a bustling woman. " She's a regular rousabout."
Rout-out, a Saturday-pie (spoken in jest).
"He's
Row, rough. Row, Rows, ore
coarse, undressed tin refuse from the stamping
;
Rodeless, adj. without sense or wit.
Rodeling, Rotling, part, talking ' '
She's bin rodeling
the night." " Roostcock, a domestic cock. red as a roostcock."
Row-cast, rough-cast (a compost of lime and pebbles plastered over the outside of houses). " Es feace v. made red.
Rudded, all
Jan
all
rudded and whited."
Uncle
Trenoodle.
"a partridge." Polwhele.
Rudge,
Rud locks,
the rood
Rully, Rull,
Bottrell.
loft.
to wheel
v.
;
to roll
along.
Rulls, rolls of carded wool.
Rumbelow. "AVith Halantow, Rumbelow" the burden of the Furry song. Rumbustious, adj. noisy troublesome. " They strutted about so ;
braave andrumbustious as lubbercocks
Jan
the rode to do it."
deliriously.
Roup,
mills.
River (pron.
the
is
Roving, p. p. raving. roving mad."
noise.
bells are ringling all ' '
on the
news that
short of cash.
Riffle, a
"The
anything told as not news. "That's " Roper's news hang the crier
Ropar's-news,
;
Resurrection- lay Easter Sunday Ribble-rash,
47
"
Uncle
(Turkey-cocks).
Trenoodle.
"A
rubbish. good riddance to bad rummage."
Rummage, Rummet,
dandriff.
Rumpin,
adj.
small
miserable.
;
F. C.
As
Rumpy, "
adj.
This cotton
coarse is
;
rumpy."
uneven.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
48 Runky,
adj.
wheezy; hoarse.
rennet.
Running, Rush, Bish, a list a number made at playing at ball, &c., for another to beat. "He's gone on ;
and potatoes hashed. B. Y. Scably-gulyun, W. F. P.
ground about sometimes does great
Seal, Scale, loose
a mine
it
;
injury by falling down and stopping the shaft of a mine.
another rush " (another course). To make a new rush, v. to turn over a new leaf.
Scald-cream (pron. scaal'd cream),
Rustring-comb, a dressing-comb. Rusty, adj. rancid. This bacon is
Scald-milk, skim-milk, milk from which the clotted cream has been
rusty.
taken.
Scalpions, salt dried fish; whiting.
Sabby, adj. soft; moist; rotten. "These taturs (potatoes) are brave and sabby."
Sammy Dawkin, a stupid person. "You are a regular Sammy Dawkin, can't scull a boat" (a Padstow proverb). Sam-oven, Zam-oven, a luke-
warm
clotted cream.
oven.
made of brandy,
and a little water. "Sampson with his hair on." The same kind of drink with cider, sugar,
double the quantity of
spirits.
Sam-sodden, Zam-sodden, halfcooked, whether by boiling or baking also bread not properly risen, baked in a half -heated ;
oven.
Sape, Sapey, a stupid person. Save-all, a large pinafore with long sleeves to keep children's
A regular
scaly old fellow."
to scam a shoe is to out of shape by wearing it wrongly. "I'll scat your Scat, a slap.
Scam,
v.
twist
it
chacks"
(face).
Scat, a long season. fine
Sampson, a drink
"
Scaly, adj. miserly.
salt
"
A scat
of
weather."
Scat, diarrhoea.
Scat, a game played by boys with a small flat board or paper knife. One player holds out his hand, which the other tries to strike before he can draw it away.
Scat,
to
v.
slap
to break
;
;
to
become bankrupt. "He let fall the cup and scat un to pieces." " He's a scat merchant." " The bal is scat." " Scat up and go home " (break up your meeting). " !
Scat her face."
dresses clean.
Savour, meat or relish.
"I
fish eaten as a
allus like a savour
In Penzance, on Midsummer-day, a fair is held on the quay the boatman take sea.
;
the country people out for a short row (a great number at one time) for a penny each they call it, pennord of say." ;
"A
Say-fencibles, old coast-guards.
Scabby-gullion, a stew
' '
open.
v.
meat
to
enlarge
;
to
The rose has scat abroad."
"They had
Seat-to, a fight.
for breakfast."
Say, the
Scat abroad,
a
little seat-to."
Scavel-an-gow, a pack of a great chatter ing.
"I
lies
;
a noise of scoldheard such a scavel;
an-gow."
Scavernick, a hare.
Polwhele.
Halliwell.
Scaw-COO, night shade. Scaw-dower, water elder.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Scawnse, Sconse, sense ' '
standing.
under-
;
He hasn't the sconse
to do it."
Scawsy-buds, elder flowers.
"Eub
the hive with scawsy buds."
an elder tree. Scethen, a piece of fish cut out F. W. P. Shetlien, for bait. B. V. " v. to scratch. Ah, F. scZwm-cat." W. old P., J., you M. B.
Sclow, Sclum,
over
v.
to scatter
sliding, partly
and
manure
See Coanse.
Seool, School, a shoal of fishes.
Scotch-dew (pron.
Scott's-doo),
a mist.
Scruf, v. to shrink to" I'm scrufftd gether; to crouch. with the cold." Scriff'ed up in a corner.
gov'
me
scrimpy meayer" (mea-
sure). v. to screw up. his eyes."
Scrink, Scrinkle,
"He
scrinkt
Scroach,
v.
up
to scorch.
Scroaching, part, scorching. Scrolls, pieces of hard fat after
whitening
floors.
mottled. adj. spotted ; " Streaked, smeared, for example, a painted flat surface
Scovy,
badly would, if the paint were uneven and smeared, be called scovy." F. W. P. J., M. B.
thin silk or stuff; a thing thin or small.
adj.
make
For my fangings (wages) would look scoy." Uncle Jan Trenoodle. ' '
Scramblings, scraps of broken meat.
Scrome up, "
v.
to arrange roughly. hair."
my
Scrow
(pron. like how), v. to "The cat scratch; to graze. " I scrowed all wilt scrow you." the skin off my arm." " Take the the skin.
dog
Scruff,
out by the scruff of the neck." Scruff, ' '
to
fight
;
wrestle.
to
We pitched to scruff. "
we
" Then
scruffed."
v. to shrink together with cold.
or
Scrump,
draw
Scry, the report of the approach of a great body of fish formerly applied to wild fowl. ;
S cranny, a scramble. Scrawl, Scroal, over a
left
melting down lard.
I scromed up
Scouring guard (pron. geard), decomposed granite used for
to
"She
Scrimp, Scrimpy, scant.
-
v.
odds
fields.
Scoanse.
Scoy,
by climbing.
Scrof, Scruf, ends, rubbish.
Scrif-scraf,
Scriff,
Scaw-tree, Scow-tree, Skew-tree,
Scoad, Scud,
descend partly by
to
v.
Scrid,
49
v.
to
Scud, the hardened crust on a broil fish
They are split open, slightly dried, and seasoned with pepper and salt. Screech, a short, sudden blaze.
sore.
fire.
"
Come to the fire ; I'll put on a fuz' (furze) and make a screech." Screed, a a screed
Screedle,
little o'
piece.
" Oi"
me
mait."
v.
to
cower over the
fire.
Snrpw. a shrew mouse.
Scud, Skid, Upscud, TJpskid, v. to spill; to run over. "If you
throw the petcher on the
floor
"She won't the water scud." broke the petcher and upscud the water." Scumbered, spoken of discharging excrement.
a
bird
St. Just.,
T. 0.
Scute, an iron with which the toe and heel of a shoe are protected
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
50 (see
Cue)
the iron point of a
;
wooden plough.
v. to throw a flat stone so as to slide on the top of the ducks and to make water drakes. Skitter, F. C.
Scutter,
;
Sea-adder, a pipe-fish.
Sea-hedgehog, a kind of
shell-
fish.
Sea-holm, sea holly (angelica). Seam, a measure; a cartload of clay.
A
Sean, Seine, a pilchard net. net not less than 160 fathoms in length.
Seaner, Seiner, a
man employed
fishery.
Seed, imp. saw.
"I
seed his picter
on the
slat
(slate),
Haf an anyull
haf a
(angel),
' '
cat.
TregeUas.
Seed- lip, a wooden basket to carry seed when sowing.
Servy-day, the day after a feast
when
all
mining licence to work a The piece of piece of ground. ground is also called a set. As
Set, a
set.
Shab-off,
slices
v.
to
shabby way.
sneak
"He
off
in
wanted
a to
shab-off without paying." Shaddocks, a slate axe.
Shag, a cormorant.
"
As
;
a flake.
;
to come off in thin to peel ; shell peas.
" This Shaly, adj. rich and flaky. " "As shall/ cake is very shaly. as a rusty iron hoop." slate.
Shale-stone, Shilstone,
Shallal, a serenade on tin kettles and pans, given to notorious persons on their wedding-night. great noise is said to be a
"A
regular shallot." Shank, the spoke of a wheel.
Shape (pron.
shaape),
mess; a dirty
state.
shape you've got here.'
a shapes you are." a shape is to mess."
make
J.
'
a
great
"What a What W. " To ' '
make a
dirty
Sharps, the shafts of a carriage. Shear, a good shear of hay.
Shed yonr hair out of your eyes, phr. put your hair, &c. Shee-vo, a disturbance ; a row. " There was such a grand shee-vo"
Shenagrum, Shenachrum, a drink made with hot beer, rum, sugar, and lemon.
the scraps are served
See St. Aubyn-day. Set again, v. to reopen a business. up.
a good
v.
Shale,
Scute, a small piece of leather put on the sole of a shoe; the outside piece sawed off a balk of timber.
on the pilchard
Shale, a scale of a fish
Shig,
v.
to cheat.
cheated out of every Shigged out, " thing. They shigged me of all
my marbles." Shigged, cheated in a mean I was shigged out of manner. that money." T. 0. ' '
Shiner, a sweetheart. Shivereens, small pieces or shreds.
" Torn or broken into shivereens"
sick as
a shag."
Shaker, "two good ones and a shaker." "
" No Shakes. great shakes (not worth much). "He's no great shakes of a character."
Shoad, loose stones of tin mixed with earth. Sheading heaps, heaps from of veins of pits sunk in search metaL
Shocky, F. 0.
a
small
fish
(goby).
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Shoe-lift, a shoe-horn.
Skeet, Skeeter, a syringe.
W.
Shong, a broken inesh. B. V.
F. P.,
Skeet, to wash windows with a " Skeet the windows." syringe.
Shoot, water led to a point by a pipe or drain, and then bursting In Cornwall they often out. took the place of pumps.
Skeet, v. to eject saliva through the teeth. W. F. P. Skit, F.
W.
Shrim, a cold shiver.
Skewy,
Shrim,
Sklbbet, a small covered compartment in a large chest, always near the top.
' '
"
When I'm shuffer I'll
"A
Just.
A
T. 0.
" It Sigger, Sigure, v. to leak. siggers through the wall." Zig-ar,
H. E. C. Sim-mee, v. it seems to me. " Sim-mee it's bra' and nonsical " (seeming to me it's very nonsensical).
Sis -sling, moving Garland. sleep.
uneasily
in
onion
(chives).
skal ; T. 0.
"
of stone thrown out of a mine. Sometimes, as an adjective, ap" He's plied to a miserly person.
a skimping ould fellow." In Padstow, Skip skop night. on one night in November, the boys go about with a stone in a sling, with which they strike the doors they then slily throw ;
Sives, a species of small
"You
Skal. calling out.
John is a skimper" Skemper, H. E. 0. Skimping, the smallest fragment clean;
thuff-oldman" St.Levan. "Full, stout, well."
Skimper, a person who slurs his This bed is not weeded work. ' '
shuff
"
adj. gusty, showery.
v.
to shiver. Sh.rimm.ed, chilled. "I Shrimmed feeled sich a shrim." to death with the cold."
Mousehole. pay." St. old woman."
M. B.
P. J.
Skew, a sudden gusty shower of thick drizzling rain.
Shote, a small kind of trout. Showl, a shovel.
Shuffer.
51
term of abuse.
great
Newlyn,
in winkle-shells, dirt, &c. Couch " They strike violently says, against the doors of the houses,
and ask
for
money
to
make a
feast."
"
Skirt, adj. scanty ; short. coats were very skirt.'
Her
1
Skate, a rent or
Skate,
tear.
measure."
to rend.
v.
A
Skatereens, small pieces.
Skedgwith,
Sometimes
privet.
Skerrish.
Skeer,
v.
skeered
;
to graze.
"The
walk
Uncle J.
W.
Jan
v. to frisk
quickly.
like
a
pisky
Trenoodle.
to slide
;
to
Skittery,
slippery,
like
smooth stones. F. W. P.
v. to skim a stone surface of the water.
about
stone
my head."
Skeese, Skeyze,
v.
"
scatter.
"The things go skittering about."
Couch.
gusty.
Skeer,
to
Skit, a jest " lectioneering skit (or anything J. W. else aimed at one).
Skitter,
Skeeny, sharp
"Skirt Also Skeerty. " or witticism.
ice J.,
M.
or B.
on the
Skiver, a skewer.
about
Skivered down, skewered down. "She walks about with her arms skivered down to her sides."
;
Skeesing (pixie)."
Scouse,
Skuat, Skute, a legacy or wind"A skuat of money is a fall.
E2
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
52
F.
phrase I have heard."
M.
P. J.,
W.
B.
Skubmaw,
or fragments.
pieces said to
have gone " all to skubmaw" when she is wrecked and broken in pieces. Another use of the word^is, "I'll knack
A
ship
is
thee to Skubmaio."
Sling, a dram. invited guests.
Slivar, a large slice ; v. to cut into slices. Slice (pron. slish).
Slock, a cooking
;
Slack, impertinent
none of your talk."
talk,
"
slack."
Come, "Loose
Garland.
v
thin. Slack, Slacket, adj. slight " You're looking but slack." ;
dross
tin
Slag,
misty
;
rain
;
sleet.
Shlaggy,
Slaggy,
adj.
wet;
"The weather drizzling; miry. " What very slaggy to-day." a slaggy mess the streets are in."
"He
entice.
v.
away my to pilfer
stove.
un-
Slintrim, an incline. Slip, a young pig.
"W. F. P.
Slab, a kitchen range
Slingers, Garland.
;
slocked
dog." Polwhele says, to give privately.
Slocking-stone, is a rich, enticing stone of ore, tempting one.
Slocking-bone, spoken of the hip joint.
"
Slone, a sloe.
Eyes
as black as
a slone." Slosh, to water. Slotter,
or
spill
v.
to
make
splash about a mess.
is
Slam,
to
v.
trump.
"I'll
slam
that card."
v.
to beat.
Slammed,
beat.
"He beating. wi' a stick."
Slow Slamming, a slammed to un
woman. " The roads
cripple, a blind
Slummock,
a
worm.
dirty,
sluttish
woman. Slummockin, Slammakin,
Slams, Scrams, broken meat. Slatter-cum-drash, a great noise. starched, but not ironed linen, put by wet, and allowed to mildew, is said "to go to
Sleep,
Slotterer, a slovenly
Slottery, adj. dirty. are slottery." Sometimes applied to the weather.
Slamming, part, trumping. Slam,
Slotter, filth.
adj.
careless; untidy.
Slump, a careless work-woman.
v.
Slydom, subs, cunning. "They have too much of slydom to venture on that." Uncle Jan Trenoodle.
Slaggering (g soft). " There was a aliyerin outside the door," i. e. a great row, and fighting and tumbling about. Penzance. T. C.
Sligerin,
Slight,
adj.
ill.
"He's
but
"He
was
slight."
half clad. walking about in his
Slights,
Slim,
by hot.
slights."
to slim the teeth of pigs giving them their meat too v.
Polwhele.
Small deer, vermin. Small men, fairies.
F. C.
Smeech, Smitch, the smell or smoke arising from anything burnt in frying. Smellers, cat's whiskers.
Smulk, a
dirty, drinking
woman.
Snag-tooth, Snaggle, an irregular tooth. " "What snaggles the cheeld has."
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Sneivy, adj. low; mean; cunning.
"He's a sneivy
Snippet, a small piece. J.,
W.
F.
P.,
M. B.
"
"
white- witches See White-
witch. Sound, a swoon.
" She
down
fell
in a sound."
Snite, a snipe.
Snuff,
words given by
to their customers.
fellow."
" to be snuff" Polwhele.
to be
i. e.
affronted.
Sound-sleeper, a red and black " moth, sometimes called a seven sleeper."
Soace. Soas, friend love.
;
companion
;
"Ess, soas." "Houdyour " Come along,
tongue, soas." soas."
Sour-sops, sour-dock, or common sorrel. Soursabs, F. C.
Souse,
member of
Society, phr. a
society
(a Wesleyan). " She is in a sweet Sog, a sU ep. sog." Sogh, Polwhele.
Sog,
v.
to sleep.
Sogging, part, sleeping. a seal. "And coming nearer home, here was a sentence spoken last year by a person
Soile,
Crowan Churchtown,
living at which to
very
many even
in
Cornwall, would be as unintel' Ef ligible as a foreign tongue a soile es en a zawn he do troach about the paace that a man ken This was spoken of seals jaale.' :
at
Hell's '
Cliff. '
Mouth
Soile
'
in Gwithian ' as seal,'
was
moile was mule,' and zawn was a sandy cove in a cliff. Pedlars were called troachers, and hence the verb, to troach to go along as if with a load on '
'
'
this explanation, it
would
be seen that the sentence very well expressed the manner and speed of a seal's movements. T. C.
Sollar, a temporary floor at the bottom of a mine level, through which the air passes for ventilation.
Soons, amulets
charms.
Down
Souse is sometimes used as a verb. She soused down in her chair." ' '
Sowdling, adj. burly ; ungainly. Sows, Grammar-sows, Old sows, woodlice; millipedes.
Spadiards, the labourers or mine workers in the Stannaries of Cornwall are so called from their
Ken net, M.
spades. well.
Polwhele
G.
Halli-
them
calls
spalliers.
Spal,
"He
to break stones. " I seed to spal stones." spoiling stoanes on the road." v.
was set
un
Spale, a
fine.
v.
to
mulct or
to make anything last To spare, J. W. time.
Span,
v.
fine
;
a long
to tether.
Spanjar, Span, a tether.
Spanking,
adj.
large;
Mystic
big;
a
spanking woman.
Spanyer, Spangar, a Spaniard. The Spaniards were formerly disliked for having landed in W. Cornwall and burnt a church. Sparables, small hobnails.
Spare-work, Sparey-work, work that takes a long time doing. " Fine sewing is sparey-ivork."
Spar
-
stone,
quartz
;
Cornish
diamonds.
"
A man of penetration he, For through a
;
clumsily.
;
'
one's back; and to 'jaale' was to walk at a fast pace, which one could keep up for some time.
With
heavily
adj. sat
He
down souse." souse, down right. ' '
Soak. v. to bake thoroughly. " This bread is not soaked."
could see."
spar-stone
he
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Spars, Sparrows, willow rods used for thatching. Spell,
turn of
a
taake a
work.
"I'll
spell at et."
Spell, a long time ; often used with the adjectives bra', pure. " bra' spell of fine weather."
A
"You've bin a pure
on
spell
your arrant."
Spence,
a
larder,
a
cupboard for keeping provisions. Spend, v. to break ground. Spickaty, adj. speckled spickaly cow."
"A
;
mottled.
hooks attached
water for some hours and (for
salt
then drawn.
Spinning-drone, a cockchafer.
Couch.
to exude.
"She
Spiteous, adj. spiteful. was looking so spitvous." Splat, a spot ; a piece.
purty garden
splat
of
"
A "A
taturs."
Soing ust.
"Sprit open
Sprit, v. the fish."
Sproosen, an untidy, ungartered woman. " She's a sen
about the heels."
Spud, a garden tool for cutting out the roots of weeds. Also potatoes, H. E. C.
v. to dispute. "Not to spooty with you." St. ' T. C.
Spraggling pattern, a
large,
gay
straggling pattern.
Sprawl, a disease incident to young ducks. They are said to have the sprawls when they have not strength to stand on their "
I am Sprawl, Sproil, energy. so weak that I have no sprawl to move."
Spray, Spre, v. to chap, or crack with the cold.
Sprayed, Spreed, p. p. as adj" My lips are sprayed"
"Be
brat.
quiet
you
or bother.
"I
young spud." don't
fuss,
want
ha'
to
no spudder
about et." "I'll do a spur arter my day's work." bra' spur, a long time. "She has been gone a Ira' spur."
Spur, a short job.
Spur, a glass of
A
spirits.
"A
spur in the head two in the heel. Gi' me a glass and 'ee
splat."
Splatty, adj. covered with spots "A or pimples." splatty face."
Spooty,
a bird snare.
;
to split.
Spudder, a
Spiller, a fishing-line with several
v.
a sprite.
;
Springle, a springe
Spud, a
Halliwell.
Spise,
Spriggan, a fairy
regular sproo-
or
pantry
usually joining the kitchen;
fishing) left
Spraying, Spreeing, adj. cold ; "A spraying east wind." cutting.
Squab,
v.
my to
is
worth
I'll
shew
skeel."
push
;
to squeeze.
Squab-pie, a pie made of well seasoned fat mutton, with layers of apples and an onion or two.
Squabbed, Squadged, p.p. "I were squabbed squeezed. agen the wall." Squard, a rent. Squard, v. to rend or
Squarded.
"And
tear.
thro'
hes
squarded hat hes heer appear'd." "I a of
Squeer,
pane
glass.
erased (cracked) a squeer."
Squinge-grub, a small, shrivelled "She's a regular pippin. squinge-grub." Newquay.
old
v. to look or peer about with the eyelids half closed.
Squinny,
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. " Then Knuckey rubb'd his hat '
And
squinnied on the floor." Uncle Jan Trenoodle.
Squinny-eyed,
adj. short-sighted.
Squitch, a sudden jerk ; a twitch. to twitch
v.
Squitch,
;
to jerk out
of one's hand.
Squitchems, gas
said to have
is
the squitchems when water has got into the pipes.
Aubyn's day, the d y after a a second day's feast given feast to inferior guests to eat up what
St.
;
may
Stare, a starling.
all round.'
be
from the
left
first.
move quickly and Staver, a fussy, noisy She's a regular stover ; person. she staves about from morning to
Stave,
' '
night."
" And Stave, v. to knock down. snatched up a showl for to stave ma owt rite." Uncle Jan Trenoodle.
you
steaded, ?
Steeve,
opponents, and thereby secured a chance of trying for a prize.
Stand witness.
"Considered a sure sign of being sweethearts, if a young man and woman stand witness together, i. e. be-
come godfather and godmother of the same child. T. 0. TowedNot in all parts; nack, 1868." for I remember once hearing in
"Are
Steaded, p. p. supplied. "
Stagged, Stogged, p. p. stuck in the mud covered with mud.
Standards, a term in wrestling for a man who has thrown two
to
v.
noisily.
Steeve,
Stain, an earthen pot shaped like an urn.
of
pilchards and leeks; the heads Drought up through a hole in the crust. Halliwell.
Stacy-jar, a quart stone bottle. Stag, Stog, v. to stick in the mud ; to cover oneself with mud.
;
made
Starry-gazy-pie, a pie
Missus ?
"Shall I
to stave in.
v.
the head
steeve in
"
v.
to stow
o'
the cask,
away;
p. p.
steeved.
"Yet
I've
some
little
cobshans
(savings), I've steeved at Oak-farm." Uncle Jan Trenoodle.
Steeved, p.p. steeved to
Stem of a
frozen.
"I'm
death with the could." fork, the handle.
Stem, a jol>; work not paid
by
time.
Stemming, a turn ; in rotation. Formerly when people were
obliged to fetch their water from
to do
a common pump (or "shute") they were obliged to take their
saying that it was unlucky, at the font, never at the altar." M. A. 0.
stemming. Stent, the limits of a bargain in See TutGarland. tutwork.
Penzance a couple refuse so, ' '
first
for
streets
the
sale
small wares, &c. Stank, a fuss; a situation.
Stank,
v.
the
stalls erected in
Standings,
"I
fruit,
fast.
spider."
the last of a cow's
;
disagreeable 11 in a stank.'
Stickler, an umpire in a wrestling
to that
Stiddle, Stoodle, the upright pole to which an ox is tied in a stall.
to step
;
" Stank on " He's stanking along." Sometimes "tanking along." H. B. C.
walk
work. Stickings, milk.
am
to tread
of
match.
Stile, a flat iron.
Stinkard, a disagreeable person.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
56
Stinks -aloud,
to
smell
"This book
stinks
plir.
strongly. aloud of tobacco."
Stir-a-coose, a bustling
a busy-body. a stir.
there
was
(sometimes sturrage) in a few minutes."
"As
Stodge, porridge. stodge."
to be
a
thick as
A fog is sometimes said
"as thick as
stodge."
surface.
perpendicular wood or iron bars for crushing tin. ore to powder. They beat alternately, and are worked either by water or steam. "Working away like a stompses."
Stope-a-back, a mining operation. A stepform in a rock. Tregellas. v.
(p. p.)
stunned
fall.
Strake, Straky,
v.
to steal
marbles.
" Don't strain Strain, v. to slam. the doors so." To run violently "I against a person to strike. ran stram up agen un." Told ;
' '
T
he didn't let go, I would stram to un with a horse-whip, and I strammed to him." Illogan, if
T. C.
Stram -bang,
Slam -bang,
ado.
quickly.
Stramming,
"A
adj. big
;
monstrous. He."
A
strumming big notorious falsehood is sometimes called a strammer. "Thafs a strammer if ever there was one."
Straw -mot, a
straw.
Stream works
rain,"
v.
to dip clothes in blue-
ing water. pot, a watering pot.
Strike, a "Winchester bushel ; the third of a Cornish one, which contained 24 gallons.
anoint
Strike, v. to ointment.
as
with
long roots of weeds ; couch grass; twitch grass. H.
RC.
Stroil, strength
Stompses, Stamps (always plural),
im
heavy Stream,
Stroil,
Stoiting, the leaping of fish ; or the colour they impart to the
Stound, a fit, by a blow or
o'
rain.
Streaming
"What
Stirrage, stirrage
woman;
" A ttrame
the refuse.
(pron. strame), tin works in valleys. The tin pebbles being placed in heaps, a stream of water is turned on to carry off
has no more Polwhele.
" ;
ability.
stroil
He
than a child."
Strop, a piece of twine or rope. Stroth (like both), a hurry or fuss. "What's all the stroth
about
P
"
Strother, a person always in a fuss or hurry.
Strothing, part, hurrying.
" She
down
went
the street." strothing Stroping, said he did it all, and he was stroping about ; but, in St. Just. fact, he did very little. T. C.
Strove. a He."
"
He
strove
me down
to
Strow, Strawl, a confusion; a " The ketch en war in litter. such a strow." " Terribly strow over there," meaning a row or disturbance. Ludgvan. " There was a bit of a strow (row, noise, fight) outside the door." Sennen. T. C.
Strub, strip.
v.
(Strow pron. like how.) to rob birds' nests ; to
" The boys quite strublxd
the trees."
Strnnty, "
adj.
misty;
Warm strunty weather."
foggy.
Tibb's-Eve, a day neither before nor after Christmas. " 111
St.
do
et
next
Stubberd,
St.
Tibb's eve"
Stubbet,
peculiar to Cornwall.
an
apple
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. " Tin stuff" (tin ore). Stuff, ore. v. to walk with short, Stug along, quick steps. adj.
short;
thickset.
Stull, timber placed at the back of levels (mine galleries) to prevent the falling of rubbish.
Sturt, a run of luck ; more than the usual gain ; a mining term.
"He
had
a
bra'
last
sturt
month."
cow that has stopped giving milk. " The cow has gone to su, the milk has
Su,
v.
to go
dry
as a
:
gone into her horn." Suant, adv. smoothly. cotton doesn't
Subsist,
of
equal
but should hearts be trumps the ace would count
work
Sist,
an
Sugary -quartz,
"My
suant."
advance
on
Swail,
tool.
to scorch ; to sweeled cat, a singed
Sweel, ' '
singe.
A
' '
cat.
"
He
went down street swaising arms." Sometimes whaziny.
his
Swaising, part, swinging.
Swap, a
gadfly.
Swellack, a red-wing. whose self-esteem snuffed out,
person been
called "a poor E. 0. See Whin-
is
H.
sivellack."
A has
"A Swike, a twig of heath. swike broom," a broom made of heath twigs. Sy, a scythe.
friable
quartz
resembling loaf sugar.
Sump, the bottom of a
shaft.
Sumpmen, men employed in
Survey, a public auction. Survey-day, the day on which the under-ground workings of a mine are let. great fat woman. never seed such a suss in
Suss, a
Tab, dried roots and grass raked up and burnt a cow-dung dried for burning. Sometimes a turf. ;
sink-
ing mine shafts. Sunbeams, the long, light cobwebs which float in the air.
"I
my
born-days."
J.
W.
Table-board, a table. Tabn, food. Garland.
Tack, a slap. v. to slap with the Tackhands is to open hand. slap hands by way of approval.
Tacking, a thrashing or flogging. Tadago-pie, a pie made from abortive pigs.
" She got into a " He's in a pretty would mean a bad
Taer, a rage.
Swabbers, certain cards at whist, by which the holder was entitled to part of the stakes.
"I
never cared for whisk since swabs went out of fashion." Said by an old lady at Penzance about ten years since. Still played in some parts of Cornwall. The swabs are ace and deuce of trumps, ace of hearts, clubs.
Swab-stick, a mining
ard.
account of wages.
knave of
The four cards are value,
double.
Sturgy,
Stuggy,
57
Each player
before beginning to play puts in the pool a fixed sum for swabs.
pretty taer."
temper" temper.
Tag, the
tail
end of a rump of
beef.
Tail-corn, refuse corn. Tailings, the poorest tin; sweepings the refuse.
the
;
Tail-on-end, adj. full of expectation.
Take a heave,
v.
to
lose
the
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY,
58
trace of a vein of metal shifting of the earth.
by the
Take-horse, plir, when a vein of metal is split into two by a wedge of a different earth, it is said "to take horse.'" The wedge is called the horse.
"I Taking, a sad condition. never saw a woman in such a taking" Talfat, a raised alcove to contain a bed. Tallet, a loft over a stable.
Tally-ho, a wide covered passage between two houses.
Tamlyn,
Tammy,
a miner's tool.
Jan Tre-
Tates, potatoes.
"A
adj. pert. piece of goods." Teat, a draught of wind.
taunt
Teating, a whistling of the wind. Teel,
to
v.
or set.
till
" The owld Teeled, p. p. buried. mon was teeled to-day." " Teem out Teem-out, to pour. the liquor." " I haven't v. to close.
Teen,
teened
my
eye."
to
v.
light.
" Teen the
fire."
a
a sieve;
cloth for
Teening-time, the time to light the candles
Tamping, material used in
blast-
ing.
Tamping-iron, a
beat in a
to
tool
down the earthy matter charge used for tamping. 'T 'Andrew's dance, dance.
Tantrum-bohus,
Tantra-bobus,
lobus, lived till he died." Sometimes, like Tantra-bobus cat. M. A. C. " The tap Tap, the sole of a shoe. 1
of your shoe
is
wearing
it
;
Tell,
twilight.
say.
your lessons "
Yitus'
St.
;
Teeth-haler, a dentist. " Can v. to ?
"
wants
tapping."
pick a nail; hang to the bull's tail." " There's no temper in Temper. the ground " (no moist heat). Tell-tale,
Tend,
to wait.
v.
Tendar, a waiter at an inn guard of a train.
Term
of a time, phr. a long time. " She's bin a term of a time over her work." " Tern, a bittern. Crying like a tern."
P. J.,
Tap a tap shoe, that would I do, If I had but a little more Old Nursery Rhyme. to struggle
;
to
rage.
Tarving, struggling
;
raging.
Tarvied, p. p. struggled raged ; " And when he had convulsed. ;
W.
M. B.
Thacky
Thicky,
(pron.
this;
that.
leather," &c.
v.
the
;
Tetty rattle, Cornish stew. F.
to sole a shoe.
Tarve, Tarvy,
tell
you
Tell-tale-tit, a tell tale.
applied to a noisily playful "Oh, child, often used thus you tantera-bobus."" F. W. P. J. There's a proverb, Like tantra-
v.
Uncle
Taunt,
Teen,
straining.
Tap, "
tarvied about." noodle.
Thirl, adj. lank; thin. horse is very thirl."
Thirt-eyed, squint-eyed. never seed sich a thirt
"Our "I -
eyed
fellow."
Thoft,
v.
thoft it
imp.
was you."
thought.
"I
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. v.
Throy-ting,
from
part, cutting chips
sticks.
Thumb-beans, straw ropes twisted around labourer's legs to keep off the wet.
Thumper, a a thumper
"
That's large person. " I a great falsehood.
Thumping,
adj. very thumping woman."
Tic-tac-mollard, a
" large.
A
game; ducks
an'l drakes.
Tiching,
v.
to
dry, Grose.
Tidden,
part, setting up turves prepare for fuel."
to
tender
adj.
painful.
;
came somewhat tidden to him, that had helped to maintain ' '
It
his
mother
he
felt
it
all
along,"
i. e.
a hardship.
hard
tool.
(pron. temberin), made " To of timber. go up the tem" berin hill is to go upstairs.
Timbering
Tember-man, a mine
Timdo
carpenter.
)d e, a stupid.
Timersome,
nervous
adj.
;
timor-
ous.
Tin-dresser, a man who prepares tin ore for the smelting furnace.
Ting,
to tie together.
v.
tied up. " She's allus going about with that man tinged up to her aipernt string."
Tinged up, imp.
Tink, a chaffinch.
Tinker arter,
v.
J.
W.
to go courting.
"
Tinner, a tin miner.
A
water
' '
Bottrell.
wagtail.
v. to do the better or lighter household work. These three words, used long ago to the mother of an old friend,
Tiddly,
thus: "What can you do?" said the mistress. " I can louster and fouster, but I caan't tiddly," said the Cornish servant. See Louster. F. W. P. J., M. B. a
teat
;
mother's milk.
Titty, H. E. C. Tiddy bit, a tiny bit.
"A Tidy, adj. decent; clever. tidy little fellow," well-made; "A plump. tidy little pig." a
Tie,
Timbal, a mining
;
Gulval.
T. 0.
Tiddy,
59
large
wooden
trough,
through which a stream of water runs for the purpose of separating the ore from the dross.
a ravelling an unwoven thread from a piece of cloth.
Tifle, Tiffle, or Tifling, ;
Tiffle-out, to unravel " This cloth cloth; to unweave. does not wear well; it tifles out"
Tine-out,
slap, a sharp, sudden slap. I gov' her a nice tight slap on
Tight "
the chacks."
Toad-in-the-hole, a piece of meat
with batter pudding baked round it.
Toat, the whole of
them were
Toatlish,
"He's lith."
" The toat
lot.
there."
foolish ; weak. adj. getting owld and toat-
Totling,
J.
W.
Toit, Toitish, adj. curt " She's bra' and toit."
Token, out.
Toller,
v.
"
to betroth;
;
to
saucy.
point
He tokened me the way." a man who collects the
tolls or
revenues of the mine.
Tom-holla, a noisy, bragging man. "The Tom-horry, a sea-bird. common name of two or three Couch. species of Skua."
Tom-toddy, a young frog ; a tad" Tom-toddy, all head and pole. no body." Tom-toddy, a game in which each person in succession has to drink a glass of beer or spirits, on the top of which a piece of lighted candle has been put, whilst the others sing,
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
60 "
Tom-toddy ea coom hoam, coom
hoam; Tom-toddy ea coom hoam his eyes burnt, and his ;
With
his eyelids burnt also. Tom-toddy es," &c. Uncle Jan Trenoodle.
Tom-trot, hard-bake;
Dingle
!
a
chatterbox.
dum
a foolish
pattick, to
v.
manure
hill, as
to pull wool.
v.
Tosing, part, cleaning wool by pulling.
" She'd a Tosh, a large bunch. tosh of yellow ribbon in her hat." " A tosh of flowers."
Touch-pipe (pron. tich-pipe), a rest from work to smoke a pipe. "A change of work is as good as a touch-pipe." " "What's a fuss or Tousse, all
the tousse
?
"hurry.
now ?
Tousser, a large, coarse, round apron, worn by servants to keep their dresses clean when doing it often has a dirty work " mocket" ;
(bib).
Towans,
pi-op,
noun,
sand-hills
(Dunes).
Town-place, a farm-yard. Towze, v. to pull about roughly. Towzing, part, pulling about roughly
Trapes,
;
to
v.
walk
to saunter.
;
Trapesing, part, walking. been trapesing the streets
and
most
pilchard.
find
" I've all
" my man
day
(hus-
trough.
T. C. "
Treesing, part, idling. Treesing away your time." Trestrem, bait cut up to put on hooks. Mousehole fishermen, F.
W.
P.
Tribut (pron.
trib-ut),
tribute
;
a percentage paid on ores raised. Trib - ut - ers, tributers ; miners who work for a percentage. Trickster, " He's a
Tricker, trickster for
an
adept.
dancing."
"Triddling, part, trifling; talking nonsense." Garland. v. to support ; to set up ; to put a stone under a wheel to stop it.
Trig,
Toussing, part, hurrying ; fuss" What are ing. you toussing " about
Train-oil, expressed fish-oil,
Trawy, a
Rough-tor (pron. Row-tor). Tose,
I
band).
land.
Top-dressing, manure, Tor, prop, noun, a rugged
Sweet trade, sweetmeats. "
Spoken of with contempt.
to try
person.
Top-dress,
Doctor's trade, medi-
thing. cine.
mean
a
tra-ade),
(pron.
commonly
inter/.
Tongue Tavas, Tongue Tab, Tootle
walk quickly.
wouldn't take sich traade."
toffee.
Tom Twist and Harry
to
tozing
Trade
nawse burnt,
And
v.
Toze,
Tozing, part, walking quickly. " I saw him down street."
whirling round.
' '
I
want something to stand rowsing and towzing."
Trig-meat, any kind of shell-fish picked up at low water. Large quantities of limpets
and
peri-
winkles are gathered in Penzance on Shrove Tuesday this is called going a trigging. It was formerly the custom for boys and women to stand at the corners of the streets on that day, with blackened hands, which they rubbed over people's faces. After dusk the men and boys went about, throwing handfuls of shells, bot;
tles of filth, &c., in at open doors, taking down signs, and unhanging gates.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Troach, goods
v.
hawk smuggled
to
now sometimes
applied to hawking vegetables, &c. " The Troach, v. to trample. pigs are troaching on the flowerbeds." J. W. ;
Troacher, a hawker of smuggled goods. Troil, a
short row on the sea, paid for called a "pennord Troil is old Cornish for say."
when o'
feast.
Troll-foot,
crooked
a
foot;
a
Tulky, Tulgy, a slovenly woman. "
As black
as a tulky."
a heap a Tummals, " Tummals of letters."
quantity.
;
Tuntree, Tuntry, the pole by which oxen draw a wain.
See Bed-tye.
Turf-tye, Tye.
Turmuts,
turnips.
Turpentine-soap, yellow soap. Tut, a footstool ; a stupid person. Tut- work, job-work in mining. v.
Twingle,
club-foot.
61
to wriggle
to writhe.
;
Troll-footed, adj. club-footed.
the
Trone,
depression
between
furrows.
Trool, v. to turn round like a wheel. To roll a ball is to trool
it.
Troy town, a maze
;
a labyrinth
" I lost of streets. way 'twas a regular Troy toivn."
my
Troy town, a
litter.
;
quite a Troy town round her." hard-working man is said to work like a Trojan." Truff, a trvff"
' '
"As
trout.
fat
as
pered wretch." " Unbeknown, not known. 'Twas unbeknown to me." quite
Uncle, a term of respect applied
a
" Uncle Jan Duff, had money enough," &c. Old Nursery Rhyme. Unfrooze, v., p. p., thawed. adj. solitary, dull.
Unkid,
Unlusty, adj. unwieldy.
(g hard), used for trudge. Towednack, T. C.
Trug
Trunk, a mining
tool.
of tin-dressing.
v.
to open.
Unream,
v.
to take the cream off
Unreamed, Unrip,
tool.
a turf. thrawed a tubban at me."
Tubban, Tab,
was cutting tubbans." Tuck, v. to chuck under the
"She " He
" Have you "
p.
?
to rip.
v.
Unripped,
p. p.
"
My
dress
is
unripped in the seams."
Upping
-
See
stock.
Hepping-
stock. chin.
Uprise,
Tucking
p.
unr earned the milk
Tub, a red gurnard. Tubbal, a miner's
Couch.
Unopen, milk.
Trunking, one of the processes
Tucker, a
men.
to old
" She had
A
"
She's fine adj. cross. " I (very) and ugly to-day." never knawed sich an ugly-iem-
Ugly,
fuller.
mill, a fulling meal.
Tucking, a term used in seine pilchard fishing.
Tuck-net, a net used in tucking.
Upraise,
v.
to
church
women. Uprose, p. p. last Sunday."
" She was uprose
Upscud, Upskid. Urge,
v.
to retch.
See Scud.
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
62
TJzzle (pron. oozle), the throat.
If
Uzzle-pipe, the wind-pipe.
you want a pretty maid in a black cap, Please to take she." The Queen, Aug.
Salf,
Said
Vady, adj. damp musty. Van, a kind of omnibus entered ;
from the front
part.
Van, a rude process of trying tin ores by crushing and washing on a shovel.
Vargood, a spar about
23ft.
Veak, Veach, an inflammation ;
a whitlow.
Vean (Old
Cornish), adj. little. occasionally used, but more a term of endearment. as " Cheeld-vean." Still
Cornish), great. Used in proper nouns, as Vounderveor, great lane.
Veor (Old
a gathering in the finger, not near the top ; a whitlow. Veskin, a protection for a sore finger ; a glove.
Venom,
Vestry, the smiling of infants in their sleep.
hazel - nuts.
See
Cock-haw. Blue ripe called vinnied cheese.
Vinnied, adj. mouldy. cheese
is
an
Visgie, agricultural implement, in shape between a mattock and a hammer, for beating
down
hedges.
Visnan, Vidnan, a sand lance or sand eel. " Vizzery, vazzery, vozery, vem, Tizzery, tazzery, tozery, tern, Hiram, jiram, cockrem, spirem, Poplar, rollin, gem. There stands a pretty maid in a
black cap.
to
know who Mene,
See Ene,
shall hide, &c.
&c.
Via, Flaw, the colic in cattle produced by their eating too much green food. v.
on heavily.
to tread
See Folyer. Vore, a furrow.
Volyer.
Voryer, a horse-way; a border round a field. a large ; for holding unmended linen sold by gipsy women.
Voyder, a clothes basket basket
See Fogo.
Vug, Vugh, Hugo. Wagel, a grey Waiter, a
Veer, a sucking pig.
Victor - nuts,
23, 1879. children in E. Cornwall
when they want
Voach, long
used as a bowline to the foresail W. F. P. of our fishing boats. near a finger-nail
by
Walk
gull.
tea-tray.
(pron. waalk), v. to
make
not a walk. " Have a journey.
journey or
Walk,
a
visit,
had a nice waalk
?
"
you
asked on a
return from France.
"I'm v. to wallow. waiving in riches." " I have Wambling, a rumbling. a wambling in my innerds." " What's that 1 " a mole. Waive,
Want, "
What you
rich people never
have in your house, a want." Want-hill, a mole-hill. " How long have Wanting, phr. " been how long wanting ? you have you been away from home ?
=
Warsail, a corruption of wassail.
About six
New
men
Year's
join
Day
four or
together;
after
dark, carrying with them a little bowl, they go from house to and house, opening the doors, " Warsail.' 1 They calling out
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. then sing some doggrel rhymes, asking people to give something to
" These poor jolly Warsail boys, Come travelling through the mire."
This custom has long been conto fined the villages (pron. wars-ail).
a name for the hare in use amongst poachers. Couch. " The Way, reason. way I said " The so." I did it."
Watty,
way Wayst, Wust, ways.
"
Go
thee
wust home," go thy way. A woman taking a pig home, not being able to get it along, at last " Go thee let it saying,
go,
wayst
;
moore
I waan't have anything to
do wi'
'ee."
G3
Whelk, Whilk, a
stye on the eye.
Whem, Whim,
a
of
part
the
machinery of a" mine worked by I druv' a whem." horse-power.
Whimseys, whims.
"She's
full
of her whimseys." " As cold Whinard, a redwing. and starved as a whinard." See
Swellack.
Whip-up,
to raise; to hoist.
v.
Whip and while, adv. now and then. "Every whip and while he goes away."
Whipsidery, a machine for raising ore.
Whistercuff, a box on the
Whit' neck, -
"
weasel.
a
ear.
white-throated like a
Screeching
tvhit' -neck."
Wee's nest, a mare's nest. " They have found a wee's nest, and are laughing over the eggs."
Wh.it'- pot, a dish made of cream or milk, flour, sugar, and nutmeg a kind of custard. ;
Weelys, wicker pots or traps for catching crabs. Also Cunner-
Weered, imp.
of
" She
wear.
weered her blue gownd."
Weet, Weel,
v. to pull. "I'll weet thy loggers (ears) for thee."
Weeting, a
flogging.
Weeth, prop, noun, a Weethans, prop,
field.
noun,
small
fields.
Wee- wow,
adj.
bent
;
crooked.
My needle is all wee-wow."
adv. well " There were well-near a nigh. hundred people in the field."
Werret,
v.
to
worry " She
over-talking. out of my life."
;
to tease
werrits
by
me
" a knock. O.C. wliaf, a blow." Uncle Jan Trenoodle. " Wheal Mary."
formerly
by
tinners
White-witch, a person (either male or female) supposed to be able to charm toothache, stop bleeding at the nose, &c. ; also to be able to give assistance in recovering lost or stolen property, to cure ill-wished (beoften conwitched) persons sulted by the ignorant. See Pellar. :
Whiz, a Whiz,
"
v.
fussy, troublesome perdreadful old whiz."
A
to bustle about fussily.
Whizzing, part, bustling. always
whizzing
" He's the
about
house."
Whiz-agig, a whirligig.
Whap,
Wheal, a mine.
duty
paid
(miners).
son.
Well -near,
a
-rent,
annually
pots.
"
White
"O.C.
huel."
Whizzy, head
adj.
feels
confused.
"
My
but whizzy."
Widdershins, through E.
from
H.
to
S.,
WEST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
64
Widdle, Whiddle, a whim ; non" sensical idea. Nothing more than an old woman's whiddle." " Pshaw
go widdle."
!
a
Widdy, widdy, way, "
game. Widdy, widdy, way,
is
boys'
a very
pretty play Once, twice, three times, and all ;
run away." " He a widower. a widow." Towednack and Sennen Cove. T. C.
Widow-man, was
left
.
Wiff, a small pelerine.
v.
to cheat ; to beggar.
Wince-along, v. to swagger; to walk with a swing.
Windan
-
sheet,
a
ill
;
white
;
;
J.W.
quiet."
See Gwenders.
Wonders.
Worms people.
(pron. warms), poor old " Poor auld
worms,"
spoken of an old man and his wife, both near ninety and disabled. Morvah, T. C.
Wranny, a wren. Wriggle out the
F. C.
ashes, phr. of the grate. Sometimes Riddle out.
bars
the
Wrinkles, periwinkles.
Wroxle,
v.
to
walk unsteadily
;
to stagger.
Wustn't, v. wilt wustnt do et."
"Thou
not.
winnowing-
sheet.
Yaffer, a heifer.
a rick of corn put
Windmow, in a field
where
it
has been
Wingerly,
adj. thin
Wingery,
adj. oozing
up
miserable.
;
tainted
meat. wingery."
Windspur
-
;
" The
broach,
a
stick thrust into each thatch to secure the H. E. C. , rope.
shiny, as
mait
is
crooked end of a windspur
Windspur-rope, a rope fastened over a hay-stack to prevent its being blown about by the wind.
Winky-eye, a game. An egg is put on the ground some distance off, the number of paces being Each previously decided on. player in turn is blindfolded, with a stick tries to hit
and and
it.
Winze, a small windlass.
shaft
Yaffle.
See Jaffle.
cut.
"A poor, white winyerly fellow.''
break
sick
adj.
melancholy. "You're " looking wisht." Funny, pure (very) and but wisht." " It's wisht, but it's
clear
Wildfire, erysipelas. Wilver, a baker or pot under which bread is baked. Couch.
Wimmick,
Wisht,
with
a
Yap, v. to yelp. Yowl, v. to howL See Cousin Jacky. Zang, Sang, a small sheaf of corn such as leasers (gleaners) make. Couch. " worn-out Zeer, adj. generally used in regard to clothing, but
Zacky.
:
applied also metaphorically to 'She's very zeer.'" persons.
Stackhouse.
" to work v. alongside of a lode before breaking it down." Garland.
Zew,
Zukky, v. had un "
" to smart. here,
I'd
Camborne, zukky.' Telegraph. " Zwele, v. to singe. cat," a singed cat.
'
I wish I
make un Cornish
A
zweled
65
ADDENDA.
Crum, cramped with the See Crum.
cold.
T.
W.
S.
Parrick, a little jug. T. W. Gwinear, Cornishman, Feb.
before Shrove TuesSo called in E. Cornwall from the custom of eating peasoup on that day. Sharp Tuesday, Shrove Tuesday. Ilhistrated News, Feb. 14, 1880.
Monday
day.
Flap, a flash of lightning.
Huscen, scolded.
the
S.,
16,
1880.
Peasen (pron. paisen) Monday,
Udjiack, a small moveable block of wood used by builders in fitting the planks of a boat.
contributed by Mr. W. Copeland Borlase, Laregan, Penzance, for insertion in the Glossary. The two last are from an old Tithe-book for the parish of St. Just, now in his possession.
Words kindly too late
boys in which they touch and run. See Stig.
Coot, a beating.
Graow, gravel. See Growan. Kenack, a term applied to weakly
Kenack,
a
Willen, a beetle.
child.
a
Obsolete.
worm.
Kip, a small net used to hang vegetables.
Morgye, an a dog-fish.
ill-looking
See
wench ;
Murgy.
Pezac, a pilchard with a broken back. Pezzac is a Cornish surname.
Tigga, Tiggy, a game played by
Vannte, Vann-stone, of doubtful interpretation, possibly the stoup.
Whitesoolde, cheese. Carew says of the Cornishmen, " their meat
was Whitsul,' namely milke, '
cheese and
1
as they call it, sowre milke, butter."
EAST CORNWALL WORDS. BY
THOMAS
Q.
COUCH.
69
INTRODUCTION.
DURING a long and intimate acquaintance with the folk of East Cornwall, it has been my habit to make note of such words as are in
common
use
among them, but which have now dropped,
dropping, out of the talk of cultured society.
Many
or are
of these good
words, obsolete or obsolescent in polite English, hardly deserve their fate, but should be retained as brief, apt, and vivid expressions of
only to be represented otherwise by verbose and often clumsy periphrase. Our greatest authors were glad to use them, and thought,
their persistent survival, both in
sound and
sense, in the rustic talk,
should be a plea for their restoration to modern English speech. In the" presence of the English Dialect Society, I have shrunk
from giving many etymological remarks, and those I have ventured on may be taken as mere surplusage, to be accepted or rejected. I have given such instances of their use by our Middle English and earlier Modern English writers as my memory and scant shelves
me
supply
A
with.
few of the
peculiarities of our speech,
common
in
many
culars to the south-western dialects generally, but differing
spoken English of to-day, are here given A. The past participle of verbs has often the
parti-
from the
:
Saxon
ge),
aheerd.
as a-zeed,
affix
a (the Anglo-
There are many, but
irregularities in the accentuation of
this vowel, as slat
ill-defined,
for slate,
talde for tackle.
D bands E.
is ;
commonly
elided from the termination of words, as bans,
groun, ground en.
;
e.
g.
" I owed
'11
vorty pouns."
This old English mode of ending the adjective
is
retained
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
70
to a larger extent than in our common tongue elinen tree, cloamen dish, &c. is sounded as v before vowels and liquids. G. This letter is elided in the present participle, as doin for
by us
:
F
doing.
I has
often the sound of
loses its
Of
R
/
e,
as cheld, child
before a consonant
:
;
Tterily,
" the nap
o'
kindly, &c.
the
hill."
often transposed, as girts, groats; afeard, afraid; apern,
is
apron. S, at the beginning of liquid, is replaced
Th
is
by
words and when followed by a vowel or
its softer kin-letter, z.
pronounced d : dresh for thresh, datch for thatch. u are interchangeable in a most erratic way. We have
V and
belve for bellow, waive for wallow, liauen for haven, eual for eval (see
glossary, sub voce).
The ancient and knightly family
of Beville
bore a passant bull in their canting arms.
T is occasionally substituted for h, but not so frequently as in the We have yaffel for armful, yeffer for
other south-western dialects. heifer
it
"
and the semi-consonantal
;
e in
ewe
is
with us yawe.
In most instances the past tense of verbs is weak, as " I knowed " for " I knew it ; and in a few cases where it is weak in national
English
The
mowy,
it is
"I " strong with us, as gove," for I gave."
infinitive
mood has y
often added in termination, as to
to reapy, to milky.
Words ending
in a
mute consonant undergo metathesis,
as Jiaps
for hasp, crips for crisp. is a marked difference between the speech of East and Cornwall, not only in structure and vocabulary, but in the
There
West
intonation
of
sentences.
We
have none of
that indescribable
cadence, a sort of sing-song, which marks the patois of the West, and which I judge to be as truly Keltic as the Cornu-British words
which remain
to
it.
At
the beginning of the present century mining fgr copper, became a furor in
adventure, especially in the search
East Cornwall, and a passionate enthusiasm brought hither the skilled miners of the West, who flocked to the banks of Tywardreath Bay, and further east to the central granite ridge about the tors
INTRODUCTION. These immigrants brought with them and have
of Caradon. infusion of
71
their language, especially its technical
remember when
it
was a great mimetic
feat,
left
an
portion, but I
and_ productive of
much
mirth amongst us, to be able to imitate the talk of Cousin Jacky from Eedruth or St. Just. This intermixture of tribes, increased still later
it
by
of travel,
facilities
traffic,
telegraphy, &c., has rendered
almost impossible to draw any but a very broad and blurred line The comparison can only be made by such dialects.
between the
glossaries as that furnished
by Miss Courtney from the extreme
west, and mine from the easternmost parts of the shire. define roughly a boundary, I
know none
If asked to
better than the Partta^
mentary line from Crantock Bay, on St. George's Channel, Bay, on the English Channel, which bisects the county.
John
to
Yeryan The late
who more than any other had the faculty of and vocally representing with minute accuracy the subtlest distinctions of word and tone, even between neighbouring parishes, T. Tregellas,
seizing
thought he could plainly trace the limits of the two dialects. opinion of so well-known an expert may be here given " To any one who may be disposed to jeer at the idea as
The
:
falla-
cious or ridiculous, I should be desirous of placing such a one at
Mousehole or any village in the neighbourhood of Penzance, and for an hour to enter into easy conversation with its rustic inhabitants,
and having well
rivetted their sing-song (chant)
ceive the lessening
and
on his
ear, to per-
inhabitants altering of the intonation of the
Towednack, St. Ives, Hayle, and Camborne. Eastward of Camborne, even at Eedruth, the natural chant has died away nor is it again heard from the more guttural
as he proceeds eastward, through
;
Agnes. But be it known to the curious in these matters, the miner of Perranzabuloe expresses himself uniformly in a full note higher than his adjoining parish-
speakers of Eedruth,
Gwennap, and
ioners of St. Agnes,
and no sooner have you passed Crantock and
St.
Gubert and entered the St. Columb's, than you find the people's conversation partake, in a very small on to a very large degree, of the zalt" for salt, "yeffer" for heifer, &c., of St. Gennys and the whole neighbourhood of Camelford and Boscastle, until you hear
peculiar
in
its fullest
form the
'
I zim' for I think, 'spewn' for spoon, &c., of
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
72
Bideford, wliere the peculiarity of
Devon
is
so
manifest."
popular tongue of East Cornwall, indeed, resembles that of shire
and
1
The
Devon-
those counties generally which formed the ancient
of
kingdom of Wessex. Carew (temp. Elizabeth), whose loved dwelling-place Anthony, the home of many ancestors, was where the River Lyner " winneth fellowship with the Tamer," gives us in his Survey some account of
the language of
his time.
In those days of
difficult travel
and
of the tongue generally spoken over the
intercourse, his
knowledge county was probably slight, and chiefly drawn from East Cornwall. In his book, admirable for its keenness of observation and felicity of description, often in vernacular phrase,
inhabitants can speak no
word
we
learn that " most of the
of Cornish, but very
few are ignorant
few did yet so still " affect their own " that to an inquiring stranger they would answer, "Meea nauidua "cowzasaI can speak no Saxonage. wzneck," However, he says of the old of the English."
A
=
Keltic speech,
" The English doth
still
encroache upon
driven the same into the uttermost skirts of the shire
" ;
it,
and hath
the fate also
Kymric on the opposite shores of "Wales and Brittany. The English which the East Cornish speak " is good and pure, as of the old
receyuing it from the best hands of their owne gentry, and the Easterne Merchants." There was still, our historian says, " a broad
and rude
accent, eclipsing" after the
manner of the Somersetshire
men. Considering that the Cornish branch of the Keltic was in use
how few and unimportant are Those grand and almost changeless objects of nature, mountains, valleys, headlands, bays, rivers, submarine hills, and dells, with the more mutable territorial divisions into towns, villages, down
its
to a late date, it is remarkable
remains.
keep their old and very descripHere and there we meet tive names untouched by changeful time. .with a few of the old designations of animals, trees, and herbs. " Mountains and with the old These are the last to hamlets, farms, and even
fields, still
part
rivers," 1
Homes and Haunts of
Tregellas.
language.
remarks Sir Francis Palgrave, "still murmur the voice of the
Eural Population of Cornwall,
p. 2,
by
J. T.
INTRODUCTION.
73 "
nations long denationalized or extirpated ; and, says Canon Farrar, " though the glossaries of Gael and Cymry should utterly pass away,
the names they gave to the grandest features of will
still
many
a landscape
stand upon the map."
Many of our ancient names are most happily descriptive of the natural peculiarities of the scenes as they still exist others lead us back in fancy to the pre-historic condition of the spots, so changed, :
but
still
keeping their old designations.
Lostwithiel, a
banks of the Eiver Fowey, long connected with the of Cornwall,
by
its
name
town on the
earls
and dukes
alone takes us" far into the past,
when
it
was the place or residence of woodmen, the simple and sylvan habitation of a people leading a wild and venatic life. The Cymro-
we
Keltic tongue, to which, the Cornish being dead, appeal, tells us that the
word
is
are fain to
derived from Lios, Llys, or Les, a
and Gwddel, of the woods. In the near neighbourhood we have a large parish called Withiel, and Cuddle and other variations or corruptions are to be traced to the same root. Maen, a stone, is place,
common a prefix as the Tre, Pol, and Pen, " by which you know the Cornishmen." Mennear, maen-hir, is still a common
nearly as shall
patronymic, the first bearers of it being dwellers by the long stone. of places we have our Menadu, Menacuddle, Menabilly, Menhenniot, and a host of others. In our topographical nomencla-
As names
ture here and there occur designations
which mark the steps of the
The only traces domination remaining to us are on a few sepulchral stones by moor or wayside, where the old name is disguised by a Latin termination. typical instance is found on the road to intruder, as Tresawsen, the residence of the Saxon.
of the
Roman
A
Fowey, near the ancient camp at Castle-dore, and not far from Polkerris, where a monolith bears an inscription which is read thus
:
CIRVSIVS HIC JACIT CVNOMORI FILIVS.
The
similarity
between Cirusius and Kerris
is fairly
evident.
Later on, our Teutonic invaders made deeper changes in our language, driving the Keltic into the extreme west, and leaving the speech of East Cornwall essentially English, with just a sparse This neo-Latin influence is chiefly sprinkling of Norman words. noticeable on the scutcheons of our ancient gentry, armigers.
The
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
74
Tremaynes, dwellers by the rock, when French was fashionable took hands ; the Trewinnards, their three wiunards or
for arms the three
redwings ; and the Trefusises, their three fusils. The Carminows held to their Cornish motto, Gala Rag Whethlow ; and the Polwheles to their
Karenza
ichelas
Karenza.
In the compilation of my list I have gleaned from the collection of Jonathan Couch, who, as "Video," contributed it to Notes and Queries (voL Polperro, folk-lore,
x.,
First Series, 1854).
commonly entirely
attributed to
my
own.
my
The
glossary in the History of
father,
is,
with the chapter on
I have also had assistance from the
Verbal Provincialisms of South-Western Devonshire, by W. Pengelly, F.R.S. In this pamphlet, reprinted from the Transactions of the
Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science and Art, are
many words wall,
contributed by Mr. Pengelly from Looe in East Cornare so identical in sound and meaning with those in
and they
much doubt the accuracy of Mr. Bond's informant when he says " I have been informed that about a century ago the people of Polperro had such a dialect among them, that even the inhabitants use at Polperro, that I
:
of Looe could scarce understand what they said.
Of
late years,
however, from associating more with strangers, they have nothing particularly striking in their mode of speech, except a few of the old people."
*
Many words
have been taken from the comic and burlesque verse
Henry Daniel, a native of Lostwithiel, who has with exquisite humour and true poetic faculty made free use of our vernacular and of
;
am
indebted to an interesting series of articles contributed by F. Dr. "W. P. Jago, of Plymouth, to the pages of The Cornishman, also I
a Penzance weekly paper.
I have been much guided in the proper rendering of the \yords Ellis's Pronunciation of English Dialects, and have striven
by Mr.
them
to give 1
as phonetically as I could in ordinary spelling.
Topographical and Historical Sketches of E. and W. Looe.
75
A GLOSSARY OF WORDS IN USE IN
EAST CORNWALL. "
The door is all abraird." Abroad, Abrawd, open. Adder. The Eev. J. L. Stackhouse, Curate of St. Mellion, says, that in his neighbourhood this name which generally means the viper, Pelius Berus, is applied to the newt, Lissotriton punctatus.
Afeard, afraid. " Agate, all agate" descriptive of earnest attention.
Agen, against
Agg,
v.
until.
;
to incite; set
on; provoke. A.S. eggian. an augmentative, as " all abroad."
All, used frequently as
Alley, the Allis shad, Alosa vulgaris. times locally called chuck-childern.
Allsanders, the herb,
Smymium
From
its
bony nature some-
olusatrum.
Ampassy, the &c. (et cetera) at the end of the alphabet. This interjection, used within remembrance, is now nearly It seemed to imply a wish to have the question repeated, and extinct. " " what did to mean, you say ?
Allan.
Anend, on end
;
straight.
" Tail anend."
Monk fish, Squatina angelus (Mevagissey). the earth-worm. Angle-touch, Angle-twitch, Tagwormes which the Cornish English terme angle-touches. CAREW. Your bayte shall be a grete angyll-twytch or a menow. Treatise of Fysshynge by Juliana Berners. " I wan't go anist en." Anist, Anest, near to nigh. Angelmaine, the
;
Anker, a keg or small cask of handy size for carrying by hand, or slung on horse-back. Used by smugglers. Apple-drane, the wasp. Apsentree, the aspen, Populus tremula.
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
76 Arg, to argue. Arrant, errand.
Go soul the body's guest Upon a thankless arrant. The Arrish.
Lie,
by
Sir
hairy mouse ; the bat. To war with rere-mice for
this
Ealeigh, (a Devonshire man).
A.S. hrere mus.
Ary mouse, The
W.
See Erish. their leathern wings.
Mids. N. Dream, II. ii. 4. flits above them in
village boys at Polperro address the bat as it
song
:
Ary -mouse, ary-mouse
!
fly
over
my head,
And you shall ha' a crust o' bread, And when I brew and when I bake, You shall ha' a piece o' my wedding
cake.
Ascrode, astride.
The Cornish tinner, in Carew's time, called Attle, rubbish ; refuse. the heaps of abandoned tin works, Attal Sarazin, which he translates, "The Jewes offcast" (Survey of Cornwall, ed. 1769, p. 8). The word is spelt by Pryce (Mineralogia Comubiensis), attal, attle, adall, A.S. addle, and said to mean corrupt, impure, off-casts, deads. aidlian. Whatever the root, there are many branches, as addle, idle, &c. Avore, before.
Ax, to Azew.
ask.
A
cow
is
when drained of milk before when milking is discontinued, the cow is
said to be azeio
In some parts, calving. "gone to zew."
Bal, a mine. Ball, (1) to beat. (2) to ball, or as noun, a bawl.
" Hold thy ball," hold your noise. Balch, a stout cord used for the head-line of a fishing net.
To balk pilchards is to pile them toallin layers of pilchards and salt. Balk seems to mean a hedge, Shakspere used this word ridge, and metaphorically, an obstacle. as we do. Sir Walter Blount brings news of the discomfiture of Douglas, and describing the field, speaks of
Balk, in some places bull: like,
Ten thousand bold Scots, two and twenty knights, Balk'd in their own blood. Henry IV., Pt. 1, I. i. That
like a balk
with his cross builded wall. Island, Canto
PHETEAS FLETCHER'S Purple
iv.
Stanza
11.
Ballywrag, to scold or abuse. Barnes, in the Glossary appended to his Poems of Rural Life in the Dorset dialect, suggests a derivation from A.S. bealu, evil, and wregan, to accuse.
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
77
Bankrout, bankrupt. In the first folio edition of Shakspere, 1623, the form bankrout is generally used. See Mer. of Venice, III. i. 47 IV. i. 122. In Love's Labour Lost, I. i. 27, the form is " bankerout." Marston in Antonio's Revenge, II. ii. has ;
Bich hope
:
think not thy face a bankrout though.
From the Cornish banal. Bannel, the broom (Cytisus scoparius). this is a late form. Williams (Lexicon (Jornu Brit.) says, In the Cornish vocabulary it is written banathel, genista. It enters into the ' '
name
of
many
Bennalack."
Barm,
yeast.
places in Cornwall, as Bannel, Banathlek, Bennathlick, gives instances from cognate dialects.
He
There
is
in some
p'arts
a
trill
on the
r,
as barrum.
red, with inclination to purple, as in congestion of the cutaneous circulation.
Bassom, Bassomy, blush Bean, a withy band. Beat, burnt turf.
In Carew's time, as now, Beat-burrows, a heap of burnt turves. farmers "a little before ploughing time scatter abroad their beatboroughs" (Survey of Cornwall, ed. 1769,
p. 20).
Becker, a species of bream, Sparus pagrus. Bedman, sexton. A word going out of use. Bee-but, bee-hive. Belk,
v.
to belch. Till I
might
belk
revenge.
MARSTON, Antonio's Revenge, I. i. Hid, I. iii. Belong. A curious employment of this word is observed here, e. g. "I belong working to Wheal Jane." Belve, to bellow.
Bettermost,
Bever,
much
the best.
to shiver.
Biddicks, a mattock
:
perhaps from
beat,
burnt earth, and axe.
In some parts called Bilder, the herb Heracleum spliondylium. The bilder in many districts is that hurtful herb the hemcowflop. lock water-drop wort, CEnantlie crocata. Bishop, the
fish,
Coitus scorpius.
Black-head, a boil or furuncle.
Blacky-month, November. The mis diu of the old Cornish. Black- worm, the cock-roach.
Blame, a word of objurgation. Blinch, to catch a glimpse the caunder."
of.
" I'm blamed if I don't." E. g. " I just blinched en gain round
Blindbuck-a-Davy, the game of blind-man's
buff.
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
78
Bloody warrior, the
wall-flower, Cheiranthus cheiri,
Blooth, Blowth, blossom.
No
fruit I promise from the tree for this blooth hath brought.
Which
CABEW'S Survey of
C. Prosopopeia.
Blue-poll, a species, or more probably a variety of salmon remarkable for the steel blue colour of its head, and for ascending our rivers Candlemas ; hence, when occurring in numbers (e. g. the Camel), about they are called "the Candlemas schull." The great majority are observed to be males or kippers.
Bobble, a pebble. Boldacious, audacious; bold; impudent.
Bon-crab, tbe female of the edible crab, Platycarcinus pagurus. Boostis, fat
;
well conditioned.
Boots and Shoes, the columbine, Aquilegia vulgaris.
Bowerly,
stately
and comely.
"
A
boicerly
woman."
Boy's love, southernwood.
Brage, to scold violently.
Braggaty, spotted mottled. In an old manuscript account book which belonged to a white witch or charmer of East Cornwall, I find a charm in which this adjective is applied to the adder. "A charam for the bit of an ader. 'Bradgty, bradgty, bradgty, under the ashing leaf,' to be repeated three times, and strike your hand with the growing of the hare. 'Bradgty, bradgty, bradgty,' to be repeated three times, nine before eight, eight before seven, seven ;
before six, six before five, five before four, four before three, three before two, two before one, and one before every one. Three times for the bit of an ader."
Brandys, a tripod or
trivet
used in cooking.
Here chiefly noticed for a curious idiom we have, Brath., broth. " a few brath," a dish of broth with a few cubes of bread soaked in it. It is sometimes used without fairly good tolerably well. any well-defined meaning to qualify "a noun, implying that the thing " How of its sort. 'Tis brave weather." be is
Brave,
;
moderately good "Bravish."
you?"
walked
to Eedriffe
by
E.g.
Pepys writes (September
19,
1662),
"that he
brave moonshine."
Breek, a rent or hole in a garment. a breek in it."
Qy. break.
E.
g.
" There
isn't
Briming. The name given to those scintillations of light in the sea waves at night, produced by several species of entomostraca, medusae, Carew calls it briny. &c., when excited. Bronse, thicket.
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Brown- wort, the
much
fig wort,
Scropfiularia nodosa.
79 The
leaves
are
used as an application to ulcers.
Light and spongy bread
Browthy.
The buck in the dairy produced by some unknown
is
browthy.
a change in the milk and cream, influence, perhaps electrical, or more probably some fungoid or other growth by which they acquire a disagreeable taste and smell. It is very difficult to eradicate from the dairy when once in.
Buck.
is
Buckhorn, whiting, salted and dried. Once a considerable article of export from Polperro and other fishing towns but in these days ;
when we cannot wait
for fish to be salted the trade is discontinued.
Buffle-head, thick-head
But
my
Pepys,
March
dunder-head. truffle-headed fellow.
17, 1663.
Bullard, bullward
Bullum, the
;
Lord Mayor, a talking, bragging, ?
In the cow, maris appetens. Prunus interstitia, or bullace
fruit of the
tree.
Bultys, Boulter, a term applied by fishermen to an apparatus for catching conger, pollack, &c. It consists of a long line, having at intervals hanging from it snoods of a fathom length armed with tinned hooks. The snoods have many separate cords to prevent the The whole is moored, and its fish liberating themselves by gnawing. Carew calls it a botilter. position marked by a buoy.
Bumfire, bonfire.
Bunt, the concavity or bellying of a net or
mound
Burrow, a
or heap;
a
sail.
sepulchral tumulus.
See Beat-
burrows. Buss, a yearling calf
Bussy-milk, the
first
still
sucking.
milk
after calving.
Shakspere uses the word. Tusser Buts, bots, a disease of the horse. " bids the farmer beware of giving his cattle green peason for breed: December Husb., V. 17. Points Five of 6ois." Hund. ing Butt, (1) a heavy two-wheeled cart. (2) a hive; "a bee-hut."
Butter and Eggs, the flower Narcissus poeticus. Butterdock, the herb burdock, Arctium majus. cockle-bells.
Cab, a dirty mess ; a slovenly, untidy thing.
Cabby,
adj. dirty.
Caff, refuse
;
especially refuse or unsaleable fish.
Cannis, to toss about carelessly.
The
fruit are called
80
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
Caper-longer, the
shell-fish,
Pinna "
Caprouse, a tumult, or row.
He
ingens*
keck'd up zich a caprouse."
Care, the mountain ash, Pyrus aucuparia.
Cats and dogs, the catkins of the willow. Catty-ball, a ball used in play.
Canch, a mess.
Cauchy, sloppy
miry.
;
" The roads be caucliy."
Caudle, entanglement; mess. disease in sheep, &c., produced by the liver fluke, Distoma sheep affected by that disease, elsewhere known as rot, hepaticum. In Dorset it is a-cothed. Barnes (op. cit.} quotes the Anglois cawed. " such a disease Saxon Chronicle: " swile coth com on mannum
Cawed, a
A
:
came on men.
"
Chak, cheek.
Chakky
"I'm chacking with hunger."
famished.
Chacking, half N. & Q.
I'll
See
scat the' cliaks."
cheese, the fruit of the
common
mallow,
much
liked
by
children.
Chall, the building where kine are housed.
Chap, a young fellow. Cheeld, child.
Cheens, the
loins.
Cheese, the cake of alternate pounded apple and straw from which the cider is pressed.
Chien or Cheen, to germinate. some parts cheem.
Potatoes in a dark cellar cheen, in
Clutter Chitterlings, the small guts and mesentery. furrowed-faced person is called " chitter-faced."
means thin ; a
Chop, to barter.
As
for the chopping of bargains. BACON, Essay of Riches. Chopping and changing. GOSSON, School of Abuse. Chow, to chew.
Chuck, choke.
So called from the Chuck-children, the Allis Shad, Alosa vulgaris. bony nature of the fish, and its inelegibility as an article of infant diet. Chuff, sulky
;
sullen.
Church-hay, churchyard. Hoez, an inclosure. out of use, but is often heard in the adage,
A hot May
Makes a Church-town, the church
fat
village.
Church-hay.
This word
is
dropping
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
81
Churer, a char-woman.
Clam, the starfish, Asterias glacialis. Clan, a rude wooden foot-bridge over a stream. Clib, to stick or adhere.
Clibby, sticky
;
adhesive.
Click-handed, Click-pawed, left-handed. dorn, hand; gliken, left.
Cornish,
dorn-gliken
:
Galium aparine.
Gliders, the herb, rough bed-straw,
Clidgey, adj. descriptive of a gelatinous, sticky consistence in bread confectionery, &c.
Clome, earthenware, distinct from the more pellucid china-ware. Clop, to limp.
Cornish
clof,
lame
;
Idoppik, a cripple.
Clout, a napkin for infants. When clothes are taken from a chest of sweets To swaddle infants, whose young breath Scarce knows the way Those clouts are little winding-sheets Which do consign and send them unto death. ;
Cluck, to crouch
;
stoop.
HERBERT, Church Mortification. E. g. " Clucky down."
Cluck, the sitting oestrum in hens.
"My hands
Clum, benumbed.
are
clum with the cold."
Clunk, to swallow. That action by which food passes from the tongue into the pharynx. Clunker, the uvula. Clush, to
lie close
on the ground.
Clusty, a close, heavy consistence in bread, potatoes, &c.
Cockabell, Cocklebell,
icicle.
Collybrand, smut in corn.
Composants, the meteor Castor and Pollux, known to ominous of storm. Qy. Spanish cuerpo santo. Condiddle, to take away clandestinely
;
sailors
as
to filch.
Conger doust or Conger douce, ? sweet conger. The fish, Conger vulgaris, was within the memory of our oldest, and for reasons which might well be inquired into, immensely more abundant than now.
Up to the beginning of the present century, a large trade existed between Cornwall and Catholic countries in Conger-douce. For further information as to the
mode
of its preparation, see Couch's Fishes,
vol. iv. p. 345.
Coomb,
a
narrow
valley.
o
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
82
Corrat, pert; impudent; saucy; sharp in rejoinder. as Crocker's mare." E. C. proverb.
"As
corral
Corwich, the crab, Maia squinado. Cow-flop, the herb, cow parsnip,
Heradeum Splwndylium.
Cowshern, cow-dung. adj. applied to the sea -when it assumes an olive green, turbid appearance, as if coloured with cow-dung. This appearance is probably owing to the presence of animalcules, such as entomostracae, medusae, &c.
Cowsherny,
Crabbit, crabbed
sharp and contradictory.
;
Creem, to squeeze. It is metaphorically used to describe that sensation of rigor or creeping of the flesh, known as goose flesh, cutis " I felt a creem " Creemed wi' the cold." anserina. go over me." Creen, to wail, or moan.
"The
cheeld hest been creem' ng
all
day."
Crib, a crust of bread.
Cribbage-faced, small and pinched in
face.
Cricket, or Crecket, a low stool.
Qy. A.S.
down through
feebleness.
Crickle, to break
eric,
a crutch, or prop.
Crim, a morsel a small quantity of anything. Allied to the word crumb. Often applied to time. E. g. " After a crim" in a very short ;
time.
" So to fiddle. Crowd, a fiddle. Crowder,, a fiddler. long as you'll crowdy they'll dance." E. 0. proverb. Crowdero had his name from this word, said to be Keltic. Crwth is Welsh for a
Crowdy, fiddle.
sweet consent between a crowd and a Jew's harp. JOHN LILLY, Campaspe, II.
Crow-sheaf, the terminal sheaf on the gable of a Cruddle,
v.
i.
mow.
to curdle.
how thy blood cruddles at this. BEAUMONT AND FLETCHER, A King and common use to qualify almost any noun, and See
Cruel, in of the meaning usually conveyed. very hard (Qy. slang). Crumpling, a stunted apple.
Cry
Cruel slow, very slow
no King,
I. i.
has nothing ;
cruel hard,
out, travail ; parturition. Shakspere makes King Henry VIII. i.) say to Lovell concerning his discarded Quee'n Catherine
(V.
:
What say'st thou ? ha What is she crying out ? her woman and that her !
To pray
for her ? Lovell. So said
;
Almost each pang a death. Cuckle-dock, the herb burdock, Arctium
majus.
sufferance
made
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
83
In that Cuckoo-spit, the froth of the insect, Cicadia spumaria. exquisitely dainty feast which Herrick spreads for Oberon is
A little Of that we
call the cuckoo spittle.
Hesperides.
Cue, an ox shoe. There are two on each division of the hoof, somewhat resembling a Q, from which the name may be derived. Culch, oyster spat. Cullers, the
same
as
Hollibubber (Delabole).
Culver-hound, the lesser spotted dogfish, Squalus catidus.
A
common school punishCustis, a smart blow on the open palm. ment ; also the name of the instrument inflicting it. Cuttit, sharp in reply
;
pert
;
impudent.
Dafter, sometimes Darter, daughter. " He's the Daps, likeness ; image. very daps
o'
es vather."
Batch, thatch.
Daver, to fade or
soil.
Davered, faded;
soiled.
Dayberry, the wild gooseberry. Deave, or Deeve, barren Delbord, the
Dems,
the
fish,
empty.
;
A
nut without a kernel
wooden frame in which a door swings.
dry stock of an apple-tree Dew-snail, the slug,
is
Limax
The dead and
agrestis.
Vide Pryce,
bird, water wagtail.
Dishwasher, the thistle.
Dogga, the picked
Milky
disle, Sonclius oleraceus.
dog-fish,
Acanthius vulgaris.
Dole, confusedly stupid. Doll, Qy. Toll, a tribute
by the Lord
of a tin-sett, tollere.
Dory-mouse, the dormouse. Dossity, spirit
;
activity.
Doust, chaff; dust.
Down-danted,
Dowse,
to
deeve.
apple-dern.
Dish, (1) a toll of tin; a gallon, according to Carew. Mineralogia Cornub. (2) to be suddenly downcast or dismayed.
Disle, the
is
nurse hound, Squalus canicula, N.E. C.
cast
down
;
depressed in spirits
;
daunted.
throw on the ground. G 2
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
84
Drang, a narrow passage or
A.S. thrang, thringcn, to press,
alley.
squeeze, or thrust.
Drash, to thrash. Drashel, a
flail.
Draxel, the threshold.
Dredge-corn, a mixed crop of barley,
oats,
A word now
Driff, a small quantity.
and wheat.
not commonly used.
Dringed, or Dringed up, crowded. Drlth, Dryth, dryness.
Drover, a fishing boat employed in driving or fishing with
drift or
floating nets.
Drug,
"
Chaucer says he profred his servyse To drugge and drawe what so men wold devyse.
to drag.
And
Drug
the wheel."
:
at the gate
Knightfs Tale.
Drule, to drivel.
Drumble-drane, the humble bee.
Dubbut, short ; dumpy. Duggle, to walk about with
effort
and
care, like a
very young child.
Dumbledory, the cockchafer.
Dummet,
the dusk.
Dwalder, to speak tediously and confusedly.
Ear-bussums, the Easy,
tonsils.
idiotic.
Eaver, in some parts pronounced Hayver.
The
Lolium
grass,
perenne.
Eglet, or Aglet, the fruit of the white thorn, haw.
Carew in
Elleck, a species of gurnard, Trigla cuculus. " Illek." tion of Cornish fishes mentions the
his enumera-
Elvan, probably a purely Cornish term applied to intrusive dykes of porphyritic felsite, but sometimes locally and ignorantly to coarse sandy beds of killas.
Emmers, embers. The old plural termination
En.
as ox, oxen housen, &c.
;
still
kept by some English nouns, by us in pea, peasen house,
chick, chicken, is retained
Pppingstock, the step from which a horse A common convenience in most farm-yards.
;
mounted, by women. Qy. upping-stock.
is
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
85
Errish, sometimes Arrish, stubble. Errish.-, or
Arrish-mow, field stacklets of wheat or barley. In the Easternmost parts of Cornwall it is,
'
Eval, a dung fork.
yule,*
eual.
Eve, to become moist. A stone floor is said to eve before wet weather. A good hygrometric mark among country folk. Evett, sometimes Ebbet, the newt.
May
never
evet
nor the toad
Within thy hanks make their abode.
BROWNE'S Britannia Eyle, the
Pastorals,
Book
I.
Song
2.
eel.
Faggot, a feminine term of reproach. Also used to designate a A man who, in the wrestling ring, secret and unworthy compromise. I presume it has some relationship sells his back, is said to faggot. to the word in use among electioneering people, faggot vote. Fairy, a weasel.
Fang, more commonly pronounced Vang,
to take ; collect ; handle, A.S. fengan. And Christendon of priests handes fonge. CHAUCER,- Man of Lawes Tale.
or receive.
Bunium
Fare-nut, Vare-nut, the earth-nut or tuberous root of the flexuosum.
Feather bow, fever few, Matricaria parthenium. Fellon, inflammation. Culpepper says that the berries of tbe bittersweet (Solanum dulcamara) are applied with benefit to felons, Vide
Amara
dulcis.
Fellon-herb, the mouse-ear hawk-weed,
Fern-web, a coleopterous
insect,
Hiemceum pilosella.
Melorontha horticola.
Fetterlock, fetlock. Fit, to prepare or arrange.
" Shall I fit a cup
o'
tay for
'ee
" 1
Fitchett, a polecat. Fitty, fitting
;
Flaygerry, a Fleet,
v.
proper. frolic
;
spree.
to float.
Ere
my
This Flikkets, flashes
sweet Gaveston shall part from mo upon the ocean. MARLOWE, Troublesome Reign of King Ediv. 21.
isle shall fleet
;
sudden or rapid change of
colour.
Flox, to agitate water in a closed vessel.
Flying-mare, a peculiar and dangerous hitch or grip in wrestling.
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
86 For, during.
"
Once for the day."
Forthy, officious; forward. soil or
Fouse, to
crumple.
Frape, to bind. Freath, or Vreath, a wattle. a pilchard prepared formerly smoked.
Fumade,
Furnigg,
to deceive
Cornish, "fadic," a
Gad, a chisel for
;
by the
process of balking, perhaps
desert, or fail in a promise. "Fenigy," Video.
Qy.
From
the
runaway.
splitting laminated rocks.
A.S. ga, gaad, goad.
Gaddle, to drink greedily. Gale, an impotent bull.
Gambrel, the hock of an animal. Gange. To gange a hook is to arm it and the snood with a fine brass or copper wire twisted round them to prevent their being bitten off by the fish.
Gawky,
stupid; foolish. cuckoo.
C. gog, a cuckoo.
A.S. gaec, geac, g&c, a
Geese, a girth of a saddle.
Gerrick, the garfish, Belone vulgarls. Giglet, an over merry, romping girl.
Away
with those
giylets too.
Measure for Measure, V. 352.
Ging, the whip employed to spin a top.
Gladdy, the yellow hammer. Glawer, the fish, power, Morrhua minuta, N.E. C. Glaze, to stare. Glint, to catch a glimpse of.
Goad. Land in small quantities is measured by the goad or staff with which oxen are driven. It represents nine feet, and two goads square is called a yard of ground. On the day before Christmas day poor women go Go-a-gooding. round to their richer neighbours asking alms. This is called goiny-ayooding.
Goody.
To goody
is
to thrive or fatten.
Goog, or Gug, a seaside cavern. Goosey-dance.
Burlesque sport on Christmas Eve.
Polperro, p. 161.
Gore.
"A
N.E. C.
gore of blood."
Vide Hist, of
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Gorry, a wicker
flasket
87
with two long handles, carried in the modo
of a sedan chair.
Arundo pliragmites.
Goss, the reed,
Grab, to grasp
;
seize.
Grainy, proud
;
haughty.
Grange,
to grind the teeth.
Green-sauce, the herb, Greet, earth
Rumex
acetosa.
soil.
;
Greet-board, the earth-board of a plough. Grey-bird, the thrush, Turdus musicus. Gribble, the young stock of a tree on which a graft
Corn sent
Griste, grist.
is
to be inserted.
Hedgy-gripe, the ditch by the hedge of a
Gripe, a ditch.
Grizzle, to grin
to the mill to
field.
be ground.
to laugh.
;
Guff, stuff; refuse.
Gulge, to drink gluttonously. Gumption, sense shrewdness ;
Gur, the
Hack,
fish,
aptitude of understanding.
" To hack tetties " (potatoes).
to dig lightly.
Hallihoe, the skipper
fish,
Scomberesox
Collop, or Shrove
Hall-Monday, Vide
;
shanny, Blennius pliolis, S.E. C.
saurits.
Monday, probably Hallow-monday.
Nicky-nan night.
Hall nut, the
hazel.
A
hame is used to a circle of straw rope; a horse-collar. fasten the fore leg of a sheep to his neck to prevent straying, or
Hame,
breaking fence.
Handsel, to use or handle for the first time. the heart, lungs, and liver of an animal on a butcher's Hange, " Head and hange"
Hapse, a hasp.
Hardah,
elvan. rock.
Hard-head, the herb, black knapweed, Centaurea nigra Hares-meat, the wood-sorrel, Oxalis
acetosella.
Harve, a harrow. Hastis, hasty
sudden.
;
Hauen, haven
;
harbour.
" Hastis news."
stall.
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
88
The children of a family of lineage ; extraction. are said to be " o' bad havage."
Havage,
Hayne,
v. to
withdraw
from a
cattle
field
ill
repute
with a view to a crop
of hay.
See Errish.
Hayrish.
Haysing, poaching. Heal, or Hail, to hide or conceal. as bad's the stailer."
A.S. helan..
"The
hailer's
Local proverb.
Hedgyboar, the hedgehog. Hedgygripe, a ditch Heel-tap,
n.
at the foot of a hedge.
Metaphorically, the remainder
the heel-piece of a shoe.
of an ill-drained glass of liquor.
Hekkymal, the blue
tit
(Parus
cceruleus).
some
parts Hailing, roofing stone ; flat slate. His howses were unhilid And full i yvel dight. Cokes Tale of Gametyn.
Helling, in
Herringbairn, the fish, sprat, Clupea sprattus. Hile, the beard of barley.
Hoaze, hoarse.
Hobbin, a countryman's pasty which he takes to his work day meal. Hog, Hogget, a sheep after six months of age. Hollick, an alliaceous plant,
Holm-bush, the
common
for a mid-
in cottage gardens.
holly.
Holmscritch, the missel-thrush, Turdus viscivorus. Holt, hold
;
place of retreat.
Home, pronounced
From
?
horn, near to
;
nigh
helan. ;
close.
" Make horn the
door."
Homer, homeward.
Homey-wink,
the lapwing plover.
A
Horse, a fault in a rock. portion of dead ground splitting a lode, named a rider or rither in Yorkshire. Pryce.
House-warming, a wedding
gift,
or present on first keeping house.
Howsomever, however. Hudd, the husk of hard
fruit.
Huer, a man on shore who
directs
by
signs the
movements
seine fishermen.
Hull, the empty and rejected shell of nuts, peas, &c.
of the
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
89
Hulster, a hold ; place of retreat, er concealment, like Holt. " This rubbish es only a hulster for snails."
Hurrisome, hasty
;
E.
g.
passionate.
Hurry-skurry, confusion
;
intemperate haste.
Hurts, whortleberry.
lie, the liver fluke,
dtstoma hepatica, productive of rot in sheep.
Ill-wished, bewitched.
Inkle, tape
Inwards,
Jack
o'
Jack
o'
;
"
narrow webbing.
As
thick as ?Vt;?e-weavers."
intestines.
Lantern, Ignis fatuw, the pisky Puck. Lent, a figure made up of straw and cast-off clothes, carried round and burnt ^fc the beginning of Lent, supposed to represent Judas Iscariot. Hist, of Polperro, p. 125.
Jakes, a state of dirty untidiness.
Jam,
to squeeze forcibly
;
to crush.
Janders, jaundice.
Jenny-quick, an Italian iron. Jew's ears, some species of fungi.
Joan the Wad, the name
of
an
elf or pisky.
Joice, juice.
Jowter, a travelling fishmonger. " plenty of fish is vented to the
Keenly, deftly, as, "he does " Brave keenly gossan."
it
Carew says of Polperro, fishdrivers,
keenly."
whom we
that there
call jowters."
Also kindly; favourable.
Keeve, a large tub. Kenning, an ulcer on the eye. " What is called a
kenning, kerning, or a horny white speck on the several old women who profess to cure by a charm. Possibly kenning may imply a defect in the ken or sight. The old word ken is used for sight in Cornwall as well as in Scotland. I should not omit to state that the application of some plant to the part affected accompanies the muttered incantation. In the present case it is the plant or herb here yclept the kenning harb." POLWHELE'S Traditions and Recollections, vol. ii. p. 607. The plant I have seen most commonly used for clearing opacities of the cornea is the celandine, chelidonium majua. eye,
we have
Kerls, swollen and hard glands.
Same
root as kernels.
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
90
Kern, to harden, as corn does after blossoming.
A
word with
large
relationships.
To kib a gap, is to mend a hedge with thorns, and put tabs or turves to keep them' down.
Kib.
Kibble, a mine bucket.
Kiddylwink, a beer-house.
Vide Tiddlywink.
Killas, Kellas, a local name in Cornwall and Devon for every kind of clay slate. It includes, in different districts, soft clay slate, roofing It may be said to include slate, fine-grained cleavable sandstone, &c. all fine-grained sedimentary rocks of silicious nature and schistose in structure.
Killick, a stone set in a frame of wood, used by fishermen to anchor a boat in rough ground, instead of a grapnel. " The word kellick, as I am informed, signifies a circle in Welsh and it is probable that the circle of wood which holds the stone is the foundation of the name." ;
Video.
" The name of a thing, commonly a piece of bread, which given under peculiar circumstances at weddings and christenings. It refers to a curious custom which probably at some time was When general, but now exists only at Polperro, as far as I know. the parties set out from the house to go to the Church, or on their business, one person is sent before them with this selected piece of bread in his or her hand (a woman is commonly preferred for this office), and the piece is given to the first individual that is met, whose attention has been drawn to the principal parties. I interpret it to have some reference to the idea of the evil eye, and its influence from envy which might fall on the married persons or on the child, and which is sought to be averted by this unexpected gift. It is also observed at births in order that by this gift envy may be turned away from the infant or happy parents. This kimbly is commonly given to persons bringing the first news to persons interested in the birth."
Kimbly. is
JONATHAN COUCH,
Polperro.
Kink, a twist in a rope ; entanglement. Kipper, a male salmon. Kit, (1) kith. Perhaps applied to the kite, (2) the buzzard, Buteo vulgaris. Milvus regalis, before the bird became so exceedingly rare.
Klip, to strike or
cuff.
"I Hipped 'en under the ear."
Knagging, inclined to be contentious, and Knap, the top or brow of a hill.
ill-tempered.
Hark on the knap of yonder hill Some sweet shepherd tunes his quill. BROWNE. As you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground. !
BACON'S Essays. Knap-kneed, knock-kneed.
Ko
!
an exclamation of entreaty.
Video says Coh
is
an exclamation
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. of no very decided meaning to
"You
say,
don't
;
but
it
signifies to
mean what you
say,"
91
put off, as much as along with you."
"Go
Generally in E. 0. it is used as supplementary to any earnest request, and is very expressive of eager entreaty.
Lairy, Leery, adj. descriptive of emptiness or sinking at the stomach. Lake, a small stream of running water. Sometimes a space in the open sea where a particular current runs, as the lake off Polperro.
Gwavas lake. Lamper, the lamprey. Lampered, mottled. Lank, the
"
Lampered
all over," like
the sea lamprey.
flank, or groin.
Lapstone, the stone on which a shoemaker beats his leather. 1
Lask, a
slice
whiffing for
Latten,
taken off the tail of a mackerel ; a favourite bait in mackerel or pollack.
tin.
Launder, a shute running under the eaves of a house. "
He's as lazy as Lawrence, Larrence, the rural god of idleness. Larence." " One wad think that Larence had got hold o'n." A most humorous illustration of the dialect of Somersetshire, by Mr. James Jennings, printed in Brayley's Graphic and Historical Illustrator, p. 42, shows that Larence is there held in the same repute.
Leasing, gleaning. Leat, a mill stream. Lent-lily, the daffodil, Narcissus pseudo-Narcissus.
A slang term like " whopping."
Lerriping, expressive of unusual
size.
Still in Let, to hinder or stop. " as you let my marble."
common
use
among boys
at play
:
Levers, the plant, Iris pseudacorus. From lyfren, leaves; thin laminae, very descriptive of the flag or marsh iris.
A
common word in the Wessex dialect, signifying sheltered. a sunny aspect, but protected from the wind, eminently descriptive of our towns, the Looes.
Lew,
Lewth,
shelter.
Lidden, a monotonous song or word." Lide, the
month
tale.
Carew says
it
means
a
"
by-
of March.
Liggan, or Lig. The manure composed of autumnal leaves washed down by a stream, and deposited by side eddies (Fowey). A species of sea-weed. p. 126.
See Worgan's General View of Agriculture in Cornwall,
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY,
92 Liggy, sloppy
;
drizzly, applied to weather.
The rising of the lights is the name given to the globua hystericus, a prominent symptom in the disease hysteria.
Lights, the lungs.
Linhay, a shed consisting of a roof resting on a wall supported by pillars in front. Lintern, a
at the back,
and
lintel.
Loader, a double apple.
Lob, a stone tied to the end of a thrown from the rock.
fishing-line to
keep
it
fast
when
Locus, toffy; sugar-stick. Loitch, refuse.
In some parts of E. C.
Longcripple, the lizard. the snake and viper.
Long-nose, the
it is
the
name
of
Belone vulgaris.
fish
Loon, the bird, the northern diver, Colymbus glacialis. Lords and Ladies, the wake-robin, Arum maculatum.
Louning, lank; thin; meagre. Louster, to work hard.
"
He that
can't
schemy must lousier" Local
proverb.
Lugg, (2)
(1) the
beach-worm, Armicola.
the undergrowth of weed in a field of corn.
maw
Maa, the
or stomach.
The a pronounced
as in the next word,
male.
shanny, Blennius pholis. Malkin, a mop of rags fastened to a long pole, and used to sweep out an oven. Metaphorically, a dirty slut.
Male, the
fish
Manchent, a small
No As
loaf.
mancTiet can so well the courtly palate please fertil leaze. that made of the meal fetch'd from
my
DBAYTON,
Polyolbion.
Also applied to the crab, the harbour crab, Carcinus Maenas. velvet crab, Portunus puber, and other harbour crabs.
Mare
Mash, marsh.
Maur, Moor,
" to moor a a root, or fastening. Hence, perhaps, vessel." is a common expression, meaning, root and mould.
" Maur and mule,"
Mawnge, May, the
to
chew
;
masticate
;
munch.
flowering whitethorn.
Mazed, bewildered.
Expressive of confused madness.
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
93
Mazegerry, a wild, thoughtless, giddy
fellow. Very possibly the Guare, Huare, are old Cornish for play or "The Cornish people," says Carew, "have their Guary sport. Vide Flaygerry. miracles," or miracle plays.
clown of a rustic play.
Mazzard, a black cherry.
Header, a mower. This word appears in the following verse of an old, and I suppose, an unpublished song Summer now comes, which makes all things holder The fields are all deck'd with hay and with corn The meader walks forth with his scythe on his shoulder, :
;
;
His
firkin in hand, so early in the
morn.
Mermaids Purses, the
egg-cases of some Chondroptergious fishes, often drifted to the beach with oreweed.
Merry
dancers, the flickering Aurora borealis.
Miche, to play truant.
To miche, to lurk, with a slight deviation from Fr. muser. EICHAEDSON. In our older writers the word used to mean an idle pilferer. Shall the blessed sun of heaven prove a micher. SHAKSPERE, First Henry IV., II. iv. 450. The moon in the wane, gather fruit for to last, But winter fruit gather when Michel is past ;
Though michers that love not to buy or to crave Make some gather sooner, else few for to have. TTJSSER, September Husbandrie.
Miching, idling; skulking. I never look'd for better of that rascal Since he came miching first into our house. Woman killed with kindness. HEYWOOD,
A
Milcy, adj. descriptive of bread or flour made from corn which has germinated. The loaf has a sweet taste and close consistency.
Mimsey, the minnow, Leuciscus phoxinus. Mismaze, bewilderment. Mock, Mot, a log of wood.
The Christmas mock
or
mot
is
the yule
log.
Moil, the mule, hybrid between stallion and female
Mole, the
fish,
ass.
Vide Mute.
rock goby, Gobius niger, N.E. C.
Molly-candle, a man who intrudes into women's household affairs. Such a character was down to late date known as a cotquean. Addison uses this latter word.
Mood, the vegetable Moody-hearted,
sap.
easily disposed to tears.
Moor-stone, granite.
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
94
Mor, the guillemot. Mord, lard
pig's grease.
;
Mother Carey's chicken, stormy
Mowhay,
petrels, Procellaria pelagica.
the inclosure where stacks and
mows
are made.
Muffles, freckles in the skin.
Muggets, the small entrails, chitterlings. In a MS. cookery-book of the time of Queen Elizabeth, in my possession, and probably Cornish, there are directions
how
Mule, to beplaster with as moiled or bemoiled.
" to boyle calves muggetts."
mud.
"
He was muled
in
mud."
The same
Mule, to knead or make dough.
In Riley's Munimenta Gildhallm Londinensis, vol. iii., a story is given in Latin of a roguish baker who used to cheat his customers by having a hole in his table, " quce vocatur molding borde," A.D. 1327.
sea bird Guillemot ( Uria). the Mute, hybrid between male ass and mare.
Mur, the
Nacker, the wheatear, Saxicola cenanthe. Naert, night. Nail, a needle.
Natey,
adj. applied to fat
when fairly composed Qy. from
Nattlings, the small guts.
of fat
and
lean.
C. enederen,
Neat, adj. simple; undiluted. This word has wide distribution with many variations among the North-western branches of the Aryan languages. With us its use is fast dying out, and is E.g. "I'll ha' it neat" i.e. chiefly applied to spirituous drinks. without water. Christopher Marlowe in his Hero and Leander uses
it
in our sense.
"Wild savages that drink of running springs Think water far excells all earthly things ; But they that drink neat wine despise it.
Neck, a miniature sheaf of wheat with four plaited arms, intertwined with everlastings, and the more durable of flowers. The stalks of wheat brought down by the last sweep of the scythe are brought home in thankful triumph, and woven as described. In the evening the sheaf or zang is taken into the mowhay, where are assembled all the harvest party.
A stout-lunged reaper proclaims " I hav'en I hav'en I hav'en " !
!
Another loud voice questions ' '
"
What
hav'ee
?
!
:
What
hav'ee
?
A neck ! A necJe I A neck ! "
What
hav'ee
?
"
the reply and the crowd take up, in their lustiest tones, a chorus of " Wurrah." General merriment follows, and the draughts of ale or
is
;
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
95
The neck may be seen hanging to the beam of cider are often deep. of our farm-houses between harvest and Christmas eve, on which night it is given to the master bullock in the chall. " Hollaing " the neck is still heard in East Cornwall, and is one of the cheerfullest
many
of rural sounds.
Neggnr, the
ass.
Nessel, a snood of twisted twine, home-made, to which the hook fastened in fishing for smaller fish, whiting, pollack, &c.
is
Nessel-bird, the smallest of a brood.
Nessel-taker, the
little
engine for making
nessels, fixed to
the beams
of the fishermen's dwelling.
New-fang, New-vang, something newly got; new fangled. Fang.
Vide
Nibby-gibby, narrowly escaped or missed. Nicky-nan-night, the night of Shrove Monday. For an account of the curious customs which distinguish this day, vide Hep. R. Inst. of Corn., 1842, and Couch's Hist. ofPolperro, p. 151.
Niddick, occiput, or nape of the neck. Miff, a slight offence
Nimpingale,
;
a
tiff.
a whitlow.
Nut-hall, the hazel, Coryhis aveUana.
Oak-web, the cockchaffer, Melolontha Oile, the
awn
or
liile
vulgaris.
of barley.
Ood, wood. Oost, a disease of cattle, a symptom or cause of of worms in the windpipe and bronchial tubes.
which
is
the presence
A
Open-asses, the medlar, Mespilm germanica. vulgar and illsavoured story is told here as well as in Chaucer's Prologue of the " Till we be Reeve, where it is said of the open-era, roten, can we not be rype."
name of some large single rocks in the sea, not far from land. Some fish are said to taste ory, some things to smell ory, that is, like oreweed or seaweed.
Orestone, the
Oreweed, seaweed.
The ground-floor of a fisherman's house Orrel, a porch or balcony. is often a fish-cellar, and the first floor serves him for kitchen and parlour, which is reached by a flight of stone steps ending in an orrel or porch (Polperro). Orts, scraps or leavings, especially of food.
Ovees, eaves of a house.
J.
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
96
Overlook, to bewitch
to have under spell
;
to cast
;
an
evil eye on.
Beshrew your eyes They have o'erlook'd me. SHAKSPERE, Merchant of
Venice.
Ozel, the windpipe.
Faddick, a small pitcher. This cellar Palace, a cellar for the bulking and storing of pilchards. is usually a square building with a pent-house roof, enclosing an open area or court. Has our word any connection with that applied to a regal mansion which had a court (area circa cedes), for giving audience ?
A
Palched, patched. patched up man. Panger, a pannier.
Pank, Pay,
confirmed invalid
is
said to be a palched, or
to pant.
to lay
on a coat of pitch or
Peendy, tainted (applied
tar.
to flesh).
The
peculiar taste or smell just
short of decomposition.
Peize, to weigh ; to poise. I speak too long, but
To eke Tho'
it,
and
tis to peize the time it out in length. SHAKSPERE.
draw
to
yet lasting, with just balance paised.
soft,
FLETCHER'S Purple
Island.
Norden Pend,
also uses
to shut in.
it,
1584.
In English we retain the
participle past, pent.
Penny-cake, the herb navel-wort, Cotyledon umbilicus. Penny-liggy, penniless. Pilch, a warm, flannel outer garment for children. Pill, a pool in a creek.
Even as a sturgeon or a pike doth scour The creeks and pills in rivers where they
lie.
SILVESTER'S Pillus, the oat grass, Avena
(Worgan
Du
Bartas.
op. cit.).
" The dust which riseth." Pilm, Pillem, dust. Carew, who says that this was one of the rude terms with which Devon or Cornishmen were often twitted. after-cider made by throwing water on the nearly exhausted cheese or alternate layer of apple and straw. It is sometunes called leverage, and is only fit for immediate use.
Pimpey, the
Pinnikin, puny. Pisky, an elf or Pittis, pale
fairy.
and wan.
Qy. piteous.
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Planehin, a
97
wooden
And
or planked floor. to that vineyard was a planched gate.
SHAKSPEKE, Measure for Measure. Carew says of woodPlashet, a moist place where a brook begins. cocks, that they arrive in Cornwall "on the north coast, where almost every hedge serveth for a road, and every plashshoot for springles to take them."
An old turnip is Fluff, soft ; light and spongy ; out of condition. said to be pluff. are 'e to-day?" is often answered, "rather The fur of a hare or rabbit is also called its pluff. pluff."
"How
Plum,
soft and yielding. light and spongy dough with yeast or larm.
soft
raising
Plumming
;
;
is
Pook, Puke, a small heap of hay or turves. Foot, to strike about with the
feet, as
children do
when
uneasy.
Popdock, the fox-glove. Porr, Purr, hurry
fluster
;
Portens, a butcher's term
Power, the
fish,
:
;
pother.
probably appurtenances.
Gadits minutus.
Prease, Prize, to force a lock by means of a lever.
Preedy, evenly balanced.
The beam of a
scale nicely adjusted is
preedy.
Progue,
to probe.
Proud-flesh, exuberant granulations of a healing wound.
Pult, the pulse.
Punkin-end, Punion-end, the gable-end of a house.
Purgy, thickset;
stout.
Purt, a sharp displeasure or resentment.
Quailaway, a stye on the
eyelid.
Quarrel, a pane of glass
probably at
:
first
"
He
has taken a purt."
a small square of
Some ask'd how pearls did grow, and where Then spoke I to my girl To part her lips and show me there The
glass.
;
quarrelets of pearl.
HERRICK, Amatory
Odes,
I.
i.
Quat, so squat, or stoop down, as a hare sometimes does when pursued.
"I
Quilter, to flutter.
Quinted, over
filled
;
veel'd sich a quilterin'
com
over
my
stuffed to repletion, applied to animals.
heart."
CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
KAST
98
Rabble-fish, unsaleable
No. 265.
vol. x.
Race, a
E.
string.
among the Rag, a large
g.
The
Raffle, refuse.
fish,
shared by the fishermen. Video,
Of onions.
less saleable fish
which
aiv not sold, but divided
boat's crew, are called raffle fish.
roofing stone.
a ridge of low rocks in the sea covered
Rany,
A", fy U.,
Vide Raffle.
and uncovered by
the tide.
Rare, raw.
Rauning, ravening; Corbonarius,
Ream,
is
voracious.
Reese,
fish,
Merlangut
A.S. ryman, to extend. Cold cream is called " raw ream."
(1) v. to stretch.
(2) n.
That voracious
called the running pollack.
the rim or surface.
Corn
c.
said to reese
is
when from
ripeness
it
falls
out of
the ear.
Rheem,
to stretch or extend, as india-rubber will do.
A
rude method, once common in our villages, Riding, Ram-riding. but now suppressed, of marking disapproval of, or holding up to infamy, any breach of connubial fidelity. A cart, in which were seated burlesque representatives of the erring pair, was drawn through the village, attended by a procession of men and boys, on donkeys, blowing horns. This custom was often the occasion of much riotous behaviour.
Rig, fun
frolic.
;
He
little thought when he Of running such a rig.
set out
COWPER, John
(Jilpin.
Our people, instead of " turning over a new Rish, the rush ; a list. I have thought that this may have been leaf," begin "a new risk." derived from a primitive way of keeping a tally by stringing some sort of counters on a rush. Rode,
" He hasn't the rode to do et." aptitude. Not rode in mad-brain's hand is that can help, But gentle skill doth make the proper whelp.
skill
;
Rodeless, without rode or
TTJSSER.
skill.
Rodeling, helpless; tottering; wandering in mind. Roper's news, news told as new, but heard before. news."
" That's Roptra
E. C. adage.
Rouch, Roche, rough. Round-robin, the angler
fish,
Lophitu pueatoriug.
Roving, severe pain. rough, as in row-hound, the fish Rqncilns canicvla, and in the Cornish hill, Roivior.
Row,
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Eud,
99
red.
Rummet,
dandriif.
Buttling, a gurgling or rattling noise in the windpipe.
Sabby,
soft, moist, pasty.
"A
or imperfectly done. zam oven," is one half heated. means half sodden or parboiled. To leave "Zown-zodden," " " the door a zam is to half close it.
Sam, Zam, half
Sample,
soft
and
flexible.
Sang, or Zang, a small sheaf such as leasers (gleaners) make. Scam. To scam a shoe is to twist it out of shape by wearing
it
wrongly.
Scantle, small
irregular
too
slate,
make
small to
"size slate"
(Delabole).
Scat, to split or burst
School, Schule, a
;
to bankrupt.
body of
Carew
fish.
spells it schoek.
Variously
spelt.
My silver scaled
skulls
about
my
streams do sweep. Polyolbion, Song xxvi.
DRAYTON, In
Bank
sculls
the mid-sea.
that oft
MILTOX.
Sclow, to scratch.
Sclum, to scratch violently. Scoad, to scatter
;
to spill.
" To scoad dressing
"
(manure).
Scoce, to exchange or barter. Scollops, the dry residuum after lard
is
melted out
;
an
article of food.
Scollucks, blocks of refuse or indifferent slate (Delabole).
Sconce, brains
;
wit.
Scovey, spotted; mottled.
Scranny, a scramble.
Scrawed, scorched in the sun, as scrawed pilchard."
fish are frequently prepared. Scrowled, at St. Ives. Tregellat.
"
A
Screw, the shrew or field-mouse, Sorex araneus. Scritch, a crutch.
Scry, a report of the appearance of a body of fish, such as pilchards on the coasts of East Cornwall. Dame Juliana Berners, in her Treatise of Fysshynge with an Angle, says, "the noyse of houndys, the blastes of hornys, and the scry of foules." " They hering the scry cam and out of eche of the spere yn hym."-
LELAND. TI
2
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
100
Scry is probably connected with the old practice of crying out, or vociferating on the approach of a schule of fish.
Scud, the hardened crust on a
Scudder, Skitter, to slide
;
sore.
skate.
Scute, an iron plate with which the toe or heel of a shoe Fr. e#cus$on. Lat. scutum.
name
Sea-adders, the vulgar generic
is
armed.
for pipe-fish.
Seam, or Zeam a load of hay
manure, &c. It means with us no ; Tusser in but a cart-load, waggon-load, &c. speaking of the good crops of barley which he raised at Brentham,
definite quantity,
says (October's Husbandrie),
Five seam of an acre I truly was paid. Again, in November's Httsbandrie, he says Th' encrease of a seam is a bushel for store. Sea-vern, sea fern
The rash
Seech..
;
the coral, Gorgonia verrucosa.
of sea
waves inundating the
streets at
high
tides.
BOND'S Hist of Looes. .
Seedlip, the
wooden basket
Sense, stop.
want
An
which the sower
in
carries his seed.
exclamation used by boys at marbles,
to stop for a
moment.
Shammick, a contemptuous
when they
(Polperro.)
epithet applied to a man.
Shanny, the fish, Blennius pholis. Shenakrum. a drink composed of boiled beer, a sugar, and slices of lemon. (Qy. Snack o' rum.)
little
rum, moist
Shive, to shy, as a horse does.
Shiver, a bar of a gate. Shoal, adj. shallow.
Shortahs, masses of loose rubbish in slate quarries which have fallen in,
and
filled
up cracks and
Shot, the trout.
rents.
Carew makes
a distinction between the trout and he says, "is in a maner peculiar to Devon and Cornwall. In shape and colour he resemble th the Trowts howbeit in biggnesse commeth farre behind him." The shodtes with which is Tavy fraught. BROWNE'S Brit. Past. shot.
"The
latter,"
:
Shouell, shovell.
Shute, a conduit, or fountain of falling water. Siff, to sigh.
Sives, a small pot-herb of the alliaceous kind.
Skease, to run along very swiftly. "A Skeeny, sharp and gusty. sheeny wind."
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY. Skerret, a safe drawer in
a box.
In some places
101 it
is
shivet,
or
skibbet.
Skerrish, the privet,
Skew,
Ligmtrum
vulgare.
a driving mist.
Skit, a lampoon.
Skitter, to slide.
Skiver, a skewer.
Skiver-wood, dogwood, Cornus samjuinea. Sladdocks, a short clearer used by masons for splitting and shaping slate. Probably a corruption of slate axe. Slat, slate.
Slew, to twist or bend aslant. Slip, a
young weaned
pig.
Sloan, the sloe, Primus spinosa.
The meagre
sloan,
BROWNE'S
Brit. Pastorals.
Slock, to entice ; allure. Sloe-kin;/ stones are tempting/selected stones shown, to induce strangers to adventure in a mine. Blotter, to draggle in the dirt.
Snead, the handle of a scythe. Sneg, a small
snail.
Snite, the snipe,
doubtful meaning.
Soce, an interjection of
Arm.,
Qy.
C., tiuat, alas
!
'Sioas, alas.
Sogg, or Zogg, to dose or sleep interruptedly or lightly. Sound, or Zound, to swoon, or go into a fainting fit. "Did your brother tell you," says Rosalind, "how I counterfeited " to sound when he showed me your handkerchief ? SHAKSPERE, As You Like It, Sound-sleeper, a moth.
Sowl, or Zowl, to serve roughly
;
to soil.
Sow-pig, the wood-louse. Spale, Spal, to deduct an amerciement or forfeiture from wages not at work in good time a fine. ;
Sparrow, Sparra, a double wooden skewer used in thatching. Spell, a turn of work.
Spence, a cupboard or pantry under the Spiccaty, speckled. Spiller, a ground-line for fish.
Spise, exude.
stairs.
when
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
102 Splat, a spot.
Splatty, spotty. I've lost
Sprayed, chapped by
my
Old Song.
splatty cow.
the wind.
Springle, a snare for birds. Sproil, strength
no
energy.
;
Most commonly used
negatively, as,
" He's
sproil."
Spudder, bother.
" I don't want to ha' no spudder about et."
Squab-pie, a pie made of meat, apples, and onions.
Squinty, to squint. Stag, a cock.
Standards, a term used in wrestling for a man who has thrown two opponents, and thereby secured a chance of trying for a prize. Stare, the starling.
Stean, an earthenware pot such as meat or
fish is
cured
in.
Stemming, a turn in succession, as when in dry seasons people have to take their regular turn for water at the common schute or pump. Stingdum, the
fish Coitus scor}nus.
Stint, to impregnate.
Stogg, to stick in anything tenacious.
"
Stogged in the mud."
At a distance this imparts Stoiting, the leaping of fish in schull. colour to the sea, and is a valuable guide in seine-fishing. To feed against inclination. v. generally used negatively. cud'nt stomach it." In some of our Elizabethan dramatists it is used not as expressive of appetite, but rather of loathing, as with us:
Stomach,
"I
Elder Morton. Doth no man take exception at the slave. Lancaster. All stomach him, but none dare speak a word.
MARLOWE, Edward
the Second.
Stool-crab, the male of the edible crab, Platycarcinus pagurus. Strat, to drop.
A
mare aborting
is
said "to strat voal."
Straw-mot, a straw stalk. Strike, to anoint, or rub gently.
Triiicum repens. " To strub a bird's nest." Strnb, to rob, or despoil. " Stub, to grub. Stubbing vuz." Stub roots so tough For breaking of plough. TUSSER. Stroil, weed, especially the couch-grass,
Stubbard, the name of an early variety of apple. Stuffle, to stifle.
EAST CORNWALL liLOSSAUY.
Io:>
Stuggy, stout; thickset. Style, steel.
Suent, smooth
equable
;
even.
;
summer for pasturage on the wild, unenclosed moors, are sent summering under the care of the store cattle turned wild in
Summering,
moorland herdsmen.
Survey, an auction. Swail, or Zwail, to scorch
;
singe.
mown
Swarr, a swathe, or row of
corn or hay.
to barter.
Swop,
Sych, the edge or foaming border of a wave as or on the land. Vide Seech.
Tab, a Tack,
it
runs up a harbour
turf.
"
to clap; to slap sharply.
Tail, Teel, to
With us
till
it is
or
"To
set.
He
tacked his hands."
tail corn," or
usual for a pers
m
"to
tail a trap."
who has gone through mud
or
water to say that it teeled him up so high as he was immersed or covered. Video, N. & Q., voL x. No. 266. Tailders, or Tailor's Needles, the herb Scandiz pecten Veneris.
A
Tale, measure. tail ; all that
tale lobster is
fall short
smack
will only
for.
give half-price
"
Tallet, a loft.
one eleven inches from snout to
of this the master of a lobster
Hay
toilet."
The dwarf furze, Ulex nanus, is here called Tain, short; dwarf. " tarn vuz." Furze of which the shrubby sort is called tame. CABEW. Tang, an abiding taste. Tap, the sole of a shoe. soft, like;
Teary, Teen, to
Used
also as a verb,
tap a shoe."
dough. " I haven't teen'd
close.
"
my
eye."
Tell, to count or enumerate.
Why Tend, to kindle
;
should he think I
to set a light to.
Wash your
tell
my apricots.
Every man in his humour, I. i. (Tinder, here pronounced temlrr.
hands, or else the
fire
Will not tend to your desire.
HERKICK, Hesperules, Thekky, Thekka, thiit one that person, or thing. Syn thilke day. CHAUCEK, Knfyhtes Talc. ;
Ixxii.
)
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
104 Thirl, thin
Tho, then E.
g.
;
lean.
;
In
at that time.
common
use
among
the older poets.
.
And
Thumb
to the ladies he restored ageyn The bodies of hir housbondes that were slain, To don the obsequies as was tho the guise. CHAUCER, Knightes The band for a bundle of hay. beend, thumb band.
Tale.
Tiddlywink, sometimes Kiddlywink, a small inn only licensed to sell beer and cider. Tiddy, the breast or teat
sometimes the milk.
;
Tifling, the frayed-out threads of a
Tig, a child's
game ; a game of wood. made Timberin, Tine, the tooth of a harrow.
Tittivate, to
Tom-horry, a
neat
L. dens.
its call-note.
dress up.
;
sea-bird.
fabric.
Qy. from dyns, teeth, C.
Onomatopceitic from
Tink, the chaffinch.
make
woven
of touch.
The common name
two or three
of
species
of skua.
The word Tor, Tarr, the rocky top of a hill. central granite ridges of Cornwall and Devon.
is
chiefly used in the
Toteling, silly; demented.
Town, To \vn-place, applied
to the smallest hamlet, and even to a farm-yard. Here is an instance of the retention of the primitive use of a word. "The town or town-place, farm or homestead inclosure, is derived from tynan, to inclose, denoting its primary sense," says Sir F. Palgrave, "the inclosure which surrounded the mere dwelling or homestead of the lord." English Commonwealth, p. 65.
Trade, stuff
;
material.
Train-oil, expressed fish
Trapse, to walk slovenly Tribute.
Medecine
is
" doctor's trade."
oil. ;
to slouch.
A
consideration or share of the produce of a mine, either in money or kind, the latter being first made merchantable, and then paid by the takers or tributors to the adventurers or owners for the liberty granted of enjoying the mine or a part thereof called a PRYCE. pitch, for a limited time.
" To trig the wheel," Trig, to set up ; to support. on the sole of a shoe worn on one side.
"
To put a
" triy
Troll-foot, club-foot.
Trone, a groove or furrow; a trench. Qy. a heavy rain a countryman said the streams were tids of a cow."
line. ' '
In describing from the
like trones
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
1(X>
Truckle, to trundle. Truff, the sea-trout or bull-trout.
Tub, the sappharine gurnet fish, Trigla hirundo. Tubbut, short and thick. The tub-fish is the shortest and thickest of
its
kind.
Tuck, an operation in seine fishing described in Couch's Fishes of Brit, Islands, iv. 91.
Turf-tie, the
bed on which the
Tush, a tooth. Tut work. " certain
work
turf-rick is piled (bed-tie).
the lump as when they undertake to perform a at a fixed price, prove how it may." PKYCE.
By
:
An address of familiar respect to an old woman, not im" Un plying relationship Jinny." an address of familiar Uncle, respect to an old man, not implying " Uncle Jan." relationship
Un, aunt.
:
:
TTnlusty, unwieldy.
Unvamped, not added
to or embellished. It is used in this sense in Ford's play, The Lady's Trial, I. i. " The newest news unvamped" Uprose, a woman churched Is uprosed.
" Bishop Berkely, in his Farther Thoughts on Tar uses what appears to be the same word, fade, in the Water, p. 9, same sense." Video, N. & Q., Vol. x. No. 266.
Vady, damp.
Vamp, Vang.
a short stocking
;
the foot of a stocking.
Vide Fang.
Vare, Veer, a suckling
pig.
Veak, a whitlow. Carew says, in
his account of John Size, the uncouth creature in the household of Sir William Seville "In this sort he continued for diuers yeeres, untill, (upon I know not what veake or unkindnesse), :
away he
gets
and abroad
Vencock, fencock, the
lie
rogues."
Survey of C.
bird, water-rail.
Vester, a feather stripped of its vane, all except the point, and used by children at a dame's school, to point out the letter or word they are studying. A corruption of fescue.
Vinnied, mouldy corrupt
;
(Ft/nig).
decay.
Visgy, a mattock. Vist,
fist.
Qy. past participle of Fynigean, to spoil
;
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
106 Vitty, fitting
proper
;
appropriate.
;
Voach, to tread heavily. Vogget, to hop on one leg. In the stage Voider, a small wicker basket of the finer sort. " Enter directions to Heywood's Woman Killed with Kindness is this three or four serving men, one with a voider, and a wooden knife." :
Voks, folk; people. Volyer. the second boat in a pilchard seine.
Qy. a corruption of
folloiuer.
Vore, a furrow of a plough.
Wad,
a bundle. of a pisky.
"A
wad
o'
straw."
"Joan the wad"
is
the folk-
name
Jack the lantern, Joan the wad, That tickled the maid and made her mad, Light me home, the weather's bad. POLPERRO.
Wadge, Waive,
Wang, Want,
to bet or lay a wager. to wallow. to
hang about
in a tiresome manner.
the mole, Talpa Europoea.
Waps, wasp. Warn, warrant.
"I'll
warn
'ee."
Watercase, the herb Helosdadum nodiflorum, often in the neighbourhood of Polperro.
made
into pies
A
hare. name in common use among poachers. Shakspere, in a beautiful description of the hare and its many shifts to elude pursuit, uses the abbreviation, Wat. By this poor Wat, far off upon a hill Stands on his hinder legs with listening ear.
Watty, the
Venus and Adonis.
Well-a-fyne, a Wei a fyn.
common
interjection,
CHAUCER, Bom. of the
Wettel, a child's clout.
Whelve, Whilve, Whiff, to
Can
this
meaning
"
it's all
very well."
Rose, also Coke's Tale of Oamelyn.
be a corruption of swaddle
?
any hollow vessel upside down (Polperro). a towing-line under a breeze.
to turn
fish Avith
Whip-tree, the spreader by which the chains of iron traces are kept asunder (Whippletree).
Whitneck, the weasel.
Whole,
to heal.
A.S. halian.
Widdow-man, widower.
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
Widow- woman,
107
a widow.
Wilk, Welk, sometimes Welt, a ridgy hump or tumour. Little low hedges round like welts. BACON'S Essay of Gardening.
Wilky, a toad or frog. immature reptile.
C. quilken, or quilkin.
Wilver, a baker or pot under which bread in burning embers. N.E. 0.
is
In some parts the
baked by being buried
Winnard, the red-wing, Merula Eiaca. Winder, window.
Wink,
the wheel by which straw rope
Winnick,
to
circumvent
;
is
made.
to cheat.
Wisht, melancholy ; forlorn. This word is so expressive that we have no English synonym fully descriptive of its meaning. Browne, a Devonshire man, uses it in his Brittania -Pastorals, Bk. I. Song 2 His late wisht had-I-wists, remorseful bitings. In Latimer's Sermons it is apparently used as a noun :
:
And when
they perceived that Solomon, by the advice of his father, was anointed king, by and by there was all whisht, all their good cheer was done. Parker's Edit., p. 115. Far from the town where all is wisht and still. MAKLOWE, Hero
and Leander. viridis. Some doubt exists as to the bird originally designated the woodwall. With us it is In the glossaries commonly undoubtedly the green woodpecker. appended to Chaucer's works it is said to mean the golden oriole. The green finch has also be,en set down as the bird intended.
Woodwall, the green woodpecker, Picas
The woodwele sung and would not cease Sitting upon the spraye, So loud he waken'd Robin Hood In the greenwood where he lay. Robin Hood
(Ritson).
In
many places Nightingales, And Alpes, and Finches and Woodwales. Bom. of the
Rose.
The note of the green woodpecker is very unmelodious, far from a The extreme rarity of the golden oriole is conclusive against song. The greenfinch has been suggested, but its being the bird intended. its song is hardly loud enough to have stirred the slumbers of tho freebooter. Although the voice of the green woodpecker can scarcely by any poetic licence be called a song, I incline to think it the bird meant. Yarrel (vol. ii. p. 137) gives some interesting information on the etymology of this word. Brockett, in his glossary of NorthCountry words, considers it derived from the Saxon ivhytel,' a knife. In Yorkshire and in North America a whittle is a clasp-knife, and to The origin and meaning of the woodwhettle is to cut or hack wood. pecker's name are therefore sufficiently obvious, whytel, whittle, '
why tele,
&c.
EAST CORNWALL GLOSSARY.
108
Wornal, the lump produced by the larva
of the gadily in the skin of
cattle.
Wrath, the generic name of the Wrinkle, the periwinkle Wurraw hoorah !
shell,
fishes,
Twbo
Labri.
littoreus,
!
Yaffer, heifer. Yaffol, arms
Yap,
to yelp.
Yaw,
ewe.
full.
Yewl, a three-pronged Yock, Yerk, Yolk,
agricultural tool for turning manure.
filth,
especially the greasy
and yellow impurity of
fleece.
Zacky, imbecile. Vide Sam. Zam. Vide Sang. Zeer, adj. worn out ; generally used with regard to clothing, &c., but " She is applied also metaphorically to persons. E.g. very zeer." a doze nap. Zog, (1)
Zang.
;
(2) v. to doze.
Zwail.
Vide Swail.
Zye, scythe.
109
ADDENDA. Barker, a whetstone. Barton, the demesne land or home farm, often the residence of lord of the manor.
tin-
Clavel, the impost on a square-headed window, door, or chimney.
Goil, the cuttle-fish, Sepia officinalis.
Skirtings, the diaphragm of an animal.
Spuke, a
roller
put in a
pig's
snout to prevent gruhhing.
Ugly, applied not so much to husband's terrible vgly." tempered.
faults of visage as of temper.
He
is
"
My
a well-favoured man, but cross-
CLAY AM) TAYLOK. THE CHAVCEIt PRESS.
A GLOSSARY OF WORDS IN USE IN
THE COUNTIES OF
ANTRIM AND DOWN. BY
WILLIAM HUGH PATTEKSON,
M.RI.A,
MEMBER OF THE ROYAL HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF IRELAND; MEMBER OF THE BELFAST NATURAL HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY.
LONDON: PUBLISHED FOE THE ENGLISH DIALECT SOCIETY
BY TRUBNER &
CO., 57
&
1880.
59,
LUDGATE
HILL.
CLAT AND TAYLOR, PRINTERS.
INTRODUCTION.
IN the
earlier part of the reign of Elizabeth the Irish
generally spoken
by
language was
the people in the North-east of Ireland, the
exceptions being in some few centres of English occupation, such as Carrickfergus, Belfast, the shores of Strangford Lough, the neighbour-
hood of Ardglass, and that of Carlingford. * During Elizabeth's reign considerable numbers of English, and of Lowland Scots, came over and settled in the thinly-populated territories of
Antrim and
the native inhabitants
Down
;
their leaders got grants of lands,
moved away
country, or, to some extent, took service with the new-comers.
and Scotch
influx of English
and
to less accessible districts of the
settlers
This
marks the introduction of
In English as a generally-spoken language into Antrim and Down. the succeeding reign the number of English-speaking settlers was largely augmented, for
as
the forests were cut
available for colonization increased,
and
of Tyrone and Tyrconnell in 1607,
many
the
district,
Scotch
along with Welsh and English.
quelling of the rebellion of 1641,
number of English-speaking
by
settlers
down
the space
after the flight of the Earls settlers
came
into
Still later, after
the
the Parliamentary armies the
was further
and
increased,
for a
considerable time afterwards a slow and gradual immigration went on, chiefly of Scots.
the
Eichard Dobbs, Esq., writes thus in May, 1683, while speaking of " traffic between Scotland and the North of Ireland Only :
backs) land here from goods upon people (with Take in from Glenarrn to Donaghadee and the ports Scotland. all
their
their
o2
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
IV
between
:
[/.
and south every
e.
of
Belfast
it]
Lough, and a short distance to the north more than 1000 of this sort that land
there are
summer without
returning."
Centuries before this time, large
numbers of Scots had passed over into the county of Antrim, but they were
Gaelic-speaking Highlanders ; they spread themselves over the district known as the ' Glens of Antrim,' and kept up for a
long time a close connection with their mother country, passing to and fro continually, and causing great trouble to the English rulers in Ireland. Irish, still
Their descendants, having amalgamated with the native occupy the Glens, and Gaelic is spoken among them to
this day.
The spread
of these turbulent Scots in Ulster
is
thus noticed by
Mr. Hill in his Macdonnells of Antrim: "In the year 1533 the council in Dublin forwarded this gloomy announcement on the subject to the council in London.
'
The
buyselly a greate parte of Ulster which
and
Scottes also inhabithe is
now
the kingis inheritance
;
greatly to be feared, oonless that in short
tyme they be in from the that more nombre same, daily, they bringinge dryven woll by lyttle and lyttle soe far encroche in accquyring and wynning it
is
the possessions there, with the aide of the kingis disobeysant Irishe rebelles, who doo no\ve ayde them therein, after siche manner, that at lengthe they will put "
and expel the king from his hole seignory
there.'
Canon Hume,
in an interesting paper on the Irish Dialects of the
English language, reprinted from the Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire, thus speaks of the tide of " About immigration from Great Britain into the north of Ireland :
the year 1607,
when much
of Ulster required to be
resettled, immigration, instead of being, as previously,
planted or
a mere rivulet
on the condition of the regiments serving in the country became a flood, and strangers settled not by tens, but by thousands. large number of these were from the apple districts of Warwickshire, "Worcester, and Gloucester ; several were from Chester, or largely dependent
A
through which the adventurers passed to take shipping at the mouth of the Dee a few were from the adjoining county of Lancaster ; and ;
some from London.
The
great English settlement
commenced on
V
INTRODUCTION. the two sides of Belfast Lough.
which was
It included the
town
of Belfast,
Londonderry, became Scottito the of North Britons in the rural cised, owing preponderance districts on both sides. on Pressing by Lisburn and to the east
bank in
at first English, but, like
Lough Neagh, the English
of
Antrim
alone, all of
and crossing
characteristics;
settlers cover eleven parishes
which preserve still
to this
of
the
Tyrone.
Thus, from the tides of
the
centre of
Ulster, there
they stopped
as
only
the
at
base
was an unbroken
hour their English
Down to Armagh, Pomeroy mountains in over
further,
channel to beyond the line of
English
settlers,
from Scotch; and the district which they inhabit is that of the apple, the elm, and the sycamore of large farms
distinct
still
and two-storied
The Scotch
slated houses.
two points which
lie
Giant's Causeway,
settlers entered at
the
own country namely, at the opposed to the Mull of Cantyre on one
opposite to their
which
is
Donaghadee which is opposed to the Mull of Galloway Two centuries and a half ago Ireland was to them what Canada, Australia, and the United States have been to the side,
and
on the
at
other.
redundant population of our own times."
Hume
In another paper Canon
particularizes still further the lines of Scottish immigration
" The Scotch entered
Down by
:
Bangor and Donaghadee, and pushed
inland by Comber, Saintfield, and Ballynahinch, to Dromara and Dromore ; while in Antrim they proceeded by Islandmagee, BallyBallymena, surrounding the highlands and clare, Antrim, and reaching the sea again
by Bushmills and the Causeway. In 1633 and by way of Ayrshire, walked in
1634 the emigrants from Scotland
companies of a hundred or more from Aberdeen or Inverness-shires, and were about 500 per annum, mostly males, and many of them discontented farm-servants."
Canon Hume thus met this
forfeited lands
describes
how
the native inhabitants of the " The Irish or
tide of immigration
natives,
:
broken and conquered, reduced also in number by war, famine, and disease, occupied
as specially their desirable,
how
and
when own
possible strong positions.
They
still
regarded
the land which was least accessible, or least
fled to the hills
and morasses.
It is curious to see
in such expressions popular language has embodied these facts
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
VI as
'
Mountainy
people,'
'Back of the
.hill
folk,'
'Bog-trotters/ etc.
There they still remain, though many of the humbler classes have found permanent homes in the towns." In Down, the extensive Baronies of
Mourne and
the lords of the
soil,
the dialect of the
Lecale, and the Lordship of Newry, changed but retained the population. As bearing upon
district
it
is
to
interesting
enquire as to the nationalities of
numbers and the proportions in which these various English, Scotch, and Irish now occupy the district.
A
valuable series^ of articles from the pen of the Eev.
Canon
Hume
on these subjects was published in the Ulster Journal of The following papers were some of those which Archaeology. appeared
:
Down and
Origin and Characteristics of the People of
nine chapters, graphical
Ulster Journal,
i.
9;
i.
120;
Map, Physical Map, and Speed's Map
i.
Antrim, in
246.
Topo-
of 1610.
Ethnology of the Two Counties, iv. 154. Ethnological Map. The Elements of Population, Illustrated by the Statistics of Eeligious Belief, in six chapters, vii. 116.
Ecclesiastical
Map, constructed
from the Creed Census of 1834.
Surnames in the County of Antrim, in
five sections, v. 323.
Unique
five sections, vi. T7.
Unique
Coloured Map.
Surnames in the County of Down, in Coloured Map.
The
Irish Dialect of the English Language, vi. 47.
A Dialogue in the The county
Ulster Dialect,
vi.
40.
electoral rolls afford a convenient
way
of ascertaining
the leading names, and hence, pretty closely, the nationalities of the With this view the roll of the Co. of Antrim has been inhabitants.
examined by the Eev. Edmund McClure, A.M., and the
known
results
made
in a paper read before the Belfast Naturalists' Field Club in
The title of the paper is, 'The Surnames of the January, 1874. The Inhabitants of the Co. of Antrim and their Indications.' following extract sums up one branch of the subject
"In
:
the 1357 names of the Eoll I find that 565 are Lowland
Scotch, 18 of which are
Norman
names.
There are 234 Highland
INTRODUCTION. names.
There are in
vii
181 Irish names, and 16 Anglo-Norman of
all
The English names amount to 251, the "Welsh to seven, the Huguenots to six. The remaining names, about the time of the Conquest.
100, are those of a few foreigners, and those which I have left as
This shows simply the relative position of the names of Lowland Scotch I find represented by
undetermined.
on the
The number
Eoll.
the 565 names amounts to 5682, or about 55'80 per cent, of the
Of Scotch
entire Eoll.
of foreign origin there
is
a per-centage of
1-48.
" The Scottish Celts represented by the 234 names exhibit a proof 23'68 cent, of the Eoll. The number of Irish names portion per (181) represents only 824 of a native population, or about 8*09 per
Here the
cent.
seem
results,
from an examination of the Electoral Eoll,
add 3 per For I
To
from those obtained from other sources.
to vary
the proportion of the native Irish in the county cent., or
even a
we
represent
should have to
more, to this per-centage of 8'09. much poorer than
little
find that the native population, as a rule, are
their neighbours, so that a far less proportion of qualifications of county voters, that
is,
them have the
holdings valued at
12 per
annum. " tion
By
do not
I find this to be the case,
on the Eoll at
figure
centage over the entire county represented
ment
by
number 40
not over
1
2 per cent.
list.
The English
Those of long
settle-
who came centuries before the Plantation The Welsh names represent 28. All these
show a per-centage of 8 '3 5 of the entire Huguenots, and Germans are represented by 21 The undetermined names represent 243 on the
make 851,
Foreigners,
people on the list,
i. e.
in addition.
tat en together
I think, however, that the per-
all.
is
and that many of
the 251 names amount to 783.
in the county
Eoll.
which the native populatheir names
private enquiry in the districts in
is large
or
or about 2 '38 per cent, of the Eoll.
The
native population
is
who dwelt
in
descended in the main from well-known Irish tribes this part of the country before the
wars of Essex (Queen Elizabeth's
time)."
The words and phrases found in the main
to
in the accompanying Glossary will be
be of Scottish
origin,
and many of them have
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
Vlll
already found a place in Jamieson's dictionary, and in the various
by the English Dialect
glossaries already printed
of the
Society.
The forms
words may vary somewhat, because they naturally underwent
changes consequent upon the lapse of time since their introduction to
In many cases it was a difficulty how to spell the words, because I only had them as sounded, and the difficulty was increased an alien
when
soil.
I frequently found that the same
word was pronounced
mote ways by different persons, either natives of different or persons whose mode of speaking had been influenced by
or
in
two
districts,
different
by more or less of education. In some districts in the east of the two counties the people still talk a Scotch dialect, but with a modified Scotch accent ; the old people talk more broadly
surroundings or
'
'
than the young. Owing to the spread of well-managed schools the Some of the Scotch accent and the dialect words are passing away.
words in the accompanying Glossary are now obsolete, and doubtless I have in. a few years a much greater number will have become so. not attempted to collect the proverbs that are in use here, but so far know they are 'much the same as those used in other parts of
as I
these countries.
There are in use many phrases of comparison, of
which the following '
'
'
'
'
1
'
'
are examples
:
As big as I don't know what,' a vague comparison. As black as Toal's cloak.' As black as Toby.' As blunt as a beetle (t. e. a wooden pounder). As broad as a griddle.' As busy as a nailor.' As clean as a new pin.' As close as a wilk (t. e. a periwinkle) applied to a very '
'
:
'
'
'
As coarse as praity-oaten. As common as dish water,' very common '
very low extraction. '
'
'
'
As common as potatoes.' As could as charity.' As crooked as a ram's horn.' As crooked as the hind leg of a
'As '
reticent
person. As coarse as bean-straw.'
cross as
As dry
two
sticks.'
as a bone.'
dog.'
:
applied to a person of
INTRODUCTION. '
'
'
'
'
'
'
1
As As As As As As As As
easy as kiss.' frush as a bennel
'
(the withered stalk of fennel). (brittle) as a pipe stapple (stem). grave as a mustard pot.' great (intimate) as inkle weavers.' '
frush
'
hungry as a grew (greyhound). ill
to
herd as a stockin' full o' fleas,' very difficult to mind. times as I've fingers and toes,' a comparison for having
many
done something
often.
As mean as get out.' As plain as a pike-staff,' quite evident. As sick as a dog,' sick in the stomach. As stiff as a proker (poker), very stiff
'
'
'
'
IX
'
:
applied to a person.
'As sure as a gun.'
As sure as the hearth money.' As tall as a May-pole.' 'As thick as bog butter.' Wooden
'
'
vessels filled with butter, the manufacture of long ago, are occasionally dug out of the peatbogs the butter has been converted into a hard, waxy substance. ;
'
'
'
As As As
much crowded.
thick as three in a bed,' thin as a lat (lath). '
true as truth has been this long time,' of doubtful truth. 'As yellow as a duck's foot' (applied to the complexion).
As
by Canon
well as the publications
Hume
already enumerated,
which gives many most characteristic examples of the Belfast dialect. It is an almanac for the years 1861, 1862, I should mention one
and 1863, published anonymously, but written entirely by the learned Canon, whose authority I have for making this statement. The full title
of the
work
Poor
is
JRabbin's Ollminick for the town 'at
with, wrote down, prentet, an'
out, jist the
by Billy
Me Cart
put
of the County
Down
o'
Bilfaiost,
ivvery body ought fbe acquentit
containing varrious different things
way
the people spaketf,
side that uset to be
:
but
now
Canon Hume has also of the Entherim road, toarst the Cave hill. collected the materials for a most comprehensive dictionary or glossary of Hibernicisms.
published.
would
It
would be most
desirable that this should be
For a description of the scope and aim of
refer to his pamphlet,
Remarks on
this
work
I
the Irish Dialect of the
Liverpool 1878. English Language. In connection with our local dialect, I should also refer to a :
little
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
X
work by Mr. David Patterson, The Provincialisms of Belfast pointed Belfast 1860. In this work the writer calls
out and corrected.
:
attention to the various classes of words that are wrongly pronounced, and gives long lists of these words. He also gives a list of " words
not to be met with in our ordinary English dictionaries."
In
my
Glossary I have got some words from Mr. D. Patterson's lists, some from the Ollminick, and a few, principally obsolete, from local his-
such as Harris's History of
tories,
Down
(1744), Dubourdieu's Survey
Down
of (1802), and McSkimin's History of But most of the words and phrases have been
by
myself or
sent
me
in
by
CarricTtfergus (1823). collected orally either
friends in different country districts,
lists,
and
whom
I would
now thank
who have kindly
for the help they
have given.
Although not necessarily a part of this work, I have thought it word on the subject of the Irish language as still spoken in Antrim and Down. It has lately been said that there is no county well to add a
in Ireland in which some Irish
is
not
still
spoken, not revived Irish,
but in continuity from the ancient inhabitants of the country. In 1802 the Rev. John Dubourdieu, in his Survey of Down, thus writes: " The English language is so general that every person speaks it ; but, notwithstanding, the Irish language is much used in the mountainous parts, which in this, as in most other countries, seem to have
been the
retreat of the ancient inhabitants."
made enquiry this year (1880), and a correspondent sends the following note from the mountainous district in the south of Down " There are a good many Irish-speaking people in the neighI have
me
:
bourhood of Hilltown, but I think nearly
all
of
them can speak
English ; when, however, they frequent fairs in the upper parts of the Co. Armagh, for instance at Xewtownhamilton or Crossmaglen,
they meet numbers of people who speak English very imperfectly, and with these people the Down men converse altogether in Irish." In the Co. of Antrim the district known as the Glens,' in the N.E. '
of the county, with the adjacent-lying island of Rathlin, has remained some extent an Irish or Gaelic-speaking district. In the course of
to
some
years, about
1850, Mr. Robert
Mac Adam,
editor of Tlie Ulster Journal of Archceology,
made a
the accomplished collection chiefly
INTRODUCTION. in
XI
Antrim of 500 Gaelic proverbs, which were
translations,
peasantry
in
his
their
among
the pen of Mr.
Journal.
These were picked
homes and
MacAdam
printed, with English
at markets.
in Dr. J. A.
A
up from the
short note from
H. Murray's work on The
Dialect of the Southern Counties of Scotland (London: 1873), much to the point that I must quote it
is
so
:
" The cated
by
people are evidently the same as those of Argyll, as indiand for centuries a constant intercourse has
their names,
been kept up between them. regularly
to
the Highland
Even fairs,
yet the Glensmen of Antrim go
and communicate, without the
with the Highlanders. Having myself conversed with both Glensmen and Arran men I can testify to the absolute slightest difficulty,
identity of their speech." slightest reason to relic
Dr. Murray adds
:
"But
there
deduce the Glensmen from Scotland
;
is
not the
they are a
of the ancient continuity of the population of Ulster and
Western Scotland." I wrote this year to a friend whose home is in the Glens for "I He writes information as to the present use of Gaelic there. :
have ascertained from one of our medical men, who here, that in one of the principal glens there are about sixty persons who speak Irish, and who prefer its use to that of English, among is
themselves, but
who
all
know and
speak English.
children also understand Irish, but will not speak that they understand you if you speak to
them in
it,
Some
or let
of the
you know
it."
W. H. Strandtown, Belfast, June, 1880.
long resident
PATTERSON.
A GLOSSARY OF WORDS AND PHRASES USED IN
ANTRIM AND DOWN. A, pro.
Aan, Aas,
A
'
I.
will.'
'
A'm
sayin'.'
the hair or beard in barley.
sb.
sb. ashes.
A-back.
'Light-a-6ae&.'
'Heavy-a-&aeA-.'
Whc^
A cart
is
as to press very lightly on the loaded, the load can be arranged so ' horse, this is having it light-a-6ac& ; when the chief weight is towards the front of the cart, and therefore presses on the horse, the cart is '
Abin, or Aboon, adv. above.
Can you spell ableV you are bragging about ? Abreard, adj. the condition of a
Able.
'
Acquant,
or Acquent,
v.
= are field
you sure you can do what
when
acquainted.
the crop appears.
'I'm well acquant with
all
his people.'
Afeard, adv.
Affront. present he
afraid.
'He didn't made her.
affront
Afleet, adj. afloat.
Afore, prep, before.
Again, Agin, adv.
against.
Agee, adj. crooked ; to one Ahin, prep, behind. Aiblins, adv. perhaps.
Ailsa-cock,
sb.
the puffin.
side.
her,'
i.
e.
it
was not a shabby
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
2 Ain, adj. own.
to give earnest
v.
Airle, Erie,
money.
money given on engaging a
Airles, 07'^Arles, sb. earnest
servant.
sb. iron.
Airn,
Aims, or Plough Airns,
the coulter, sock, &c. of a plough.
sb.
When
Aiwal.
an animal falls on its back, and cannot recover said to have fallen aiwal.' '
itself, it is
sb.
Aizins,
the eaves of the thatch of a house or stack.
Same
as
Easing.
an
Aizle-tree, sb.
axle-tree.
Allan -hawk, sb. the great northern diver, and the red-throated The skua was also so called in Mourne, co. of Down (Harris, diver. See Holland-hawk. 1744). All gab and guts like a young crow, a comparison.
All All
born days, all born days.'
my
ma
my
lone, A'
my
that blister yet,' sb.
Allowance,
'
life.
A
niver seen sich a sight in all
lane, or All his lone,
'
Allow, to advise.
my
Doctor
A
!
alone.
v.
wouldn't allow you to be takin'
means I wouldn't advise
off
'
it.'
'There's no allmcance for people in
permission.
here.'
All sorts, (1) a great scolding. doin'
'She gave
me
all
sorts for
not
it.'
(2)
'
very much.
She was
cryin' all
'
sorts.'
It
was raining
all
sorts.'
All the one, the only one. All there, adj. wise
;
sane.
'
Is this all the one '
Not
all there
'
you
have.'
= not quite wise.
All together like Brown's cows, or Like Brown's cows all in a lump, a comparison. All to one side like the handle of a jug, saying.
Alo we,
Amang
v. lit
;
hans.
somehow, by
Among ye be
kindled
;
on
fire.
He'll daet amang hans,' i. e. he will get it done dividing the labour, and finding spare time for it. '
it,
blind harpers,
i. e.
settle it
among
yourselves
:
said to persons quarrelling.
Amos.
'
A
blirton amos,' a big soft fellow
who weeps
for a slight
cause.
Angle-berries, its
mouth.
sb.
large hanging warts
on a
horse, sometimes about
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. the ankle.
sb.
Anklet,
3
Anncient, Encient,
adj.
'A
cunning; knowing.
sea gull's a very
anncient bird.'
Annundher,
Antic, adj. funny funny.
Anything, used '
as anything.' sb.
Apern,
Appear,
v.
Argay,
to
Same
adv. underneath. '
droll
;
as
He's very
Innundher. Antickest
antic.'
' as a comparison. He was running I'm as mad as anything with, him.'
away
=
most
as
hard
an apron. to haunt places after death.
'You would argay the black crow
argue.
white,'
saying.
Arm.
To arm a
is
person,
to lead or support a person along
by
the arms.
Arr,
a scar, such a pock-mark, or the scar left
sb.
sb.
Arran, Ern, .
a
by
wound.
an errand.
Arred, adj. scarred
;
pock-marked.
Arris, sb. the sharp edge of a freshly-planed piece of wood, or of cement, or stone work. sb.
Arr-nut,
Art, Airt, '
day ?
the pig nut,
'
point of the compass.
sb.
A
Bunium flexuosum.
What
art '
particular part of the country, as
the win in the a bare art o' the
is
It's
country.'
Art or
'I had neither art nor part in the
part, participation.
affair.' '
As, than. Ass.
'
I'd rather sell as buy.'
He would
and greedy
At
steal the cross off
an ass :
'
said of a very
mean
fellow.
himself.
He's no at himsel,'
'
i. e.
he's not well.
Athout, without. Attercap,
sb.
'
a cross-grained, ill-natured person.
Ya
cross after-
cap, ya.'
Atween,
prep, between.
Auld-farrand, or Aul-farran, 'adj. knowing
Aumlach, Ava,
at
sb.
all.
cunning.
a small quantity.
A
'
;
'
dinna ken ava.'
Avis, Aves, adv. perhaps the Sabbath.'
Avout, unless
;
without.
may
;
'
be
;
All hae nane but.
I could not
tell
'
Avis
o'
that ava.'
a'll
gang there on
avout I saw
it.'
B 2
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
4
Away and
divart the hunger aff ye
troubling and crying for a meal before
said to
:
it is
Away and throw mouT
on yourself: probably means go and bury yourself.' Away in the mind, adj. mad.
children
who
are
ready.
said in scolding matches,
'
Away
to the hills, gone
Ax,
to ask.
v.
Ay ? Eh ?
mad.
what ? what do you say
?
Ayont, prep, beyond. '
Back.
I'm,
never
off
his
back,'
i.
e.
I'm always watching and
correcting him.
Back door work, sb. underhand work. Back spang, sb. a trick; something underhand.
'He's a decent
no back spangs about him.' sb. a stone not less than two feet high, a foot and a Back-stone, half broad, and one foot thick, placed at the back of a turf fire, between the fire and the gable. there's
man,
Back
talk, saucy replies from a child or an inferior.
'Could you eat bacon that
Bacon.
accompanies the gesture known as at me,' i. e. he took a sight at me.
Bad,
Bad Bad
He
'
adj. sick.
cess to you,
'
1
fat ?'
taking a
is
the remark *
sight.'
He made
that bacon
has been bad this month and more.'
bad luck
to you.
It is said of people who go out to walk in conscience, the rain that they have a bad conscience,' and therefore cannot abide at home. sb.
'
Bad man, the, sb. the devil. Bad place, the, sb. helL Sad Bad scran, sb. bad luck. '
Baghel, Boghel, sb.
Bailer,
Bairn,
sb.
sb.
scran to you.'
a clumsy performer.
a vessel used for
'
bailing out
'
a boat.
a child.
When a young woman appears wearing Baiverage, beverage. something new for the first time, she gives her acquaintances the '
baiverage of
Bake,
v.
Ball, sb. men a '
Balling, balling.
it,'
this is a kiss.
knead bread, as well as to bake it in an oven. a large and compact shoal of herrings is called by
to
fisher-
ball.' v.
Sea birds pouncing on a ball of fry are said to be
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Balloar, Billour, or Billyor,
Bannock, Bonnock, Banter,
v.
to holloa
to shout out.
a cake baked on a griddle.
sb.
to taunt a person to fight.
v.
;
a bankrupt.
sb.
Bankrope,
5
'He
bantered
me
to fight
him.'
Banty,
Banyan,
bantam
a
sb.
fowl.
a flannel jacket
sb.
worn by Carlingford oystermen and
fishermen.
Bap,
sb.
a lozenge-shaped bun, whitened with
Bar-drake, Bar-duck,
sb.
flour.
the red-breasted merganser.
Bardugh, sb. a donkey's pannier with falling bottom. Bare pelt, sb. the bare skin. 'He ran out on the
in his
street
bare pelt.' sb. some kind of bird (HARRIS, Hist. a scolding woman. to scold iri a loud abusive way.
co.
Barge, (1)
Down, 1744).
(2) sb. (3) v.
Barked,
v.
'
encrusted.
Barley-buggle, Barley-play,
sb.
Your skin
barked with
is
dirt.'
a scarecrow.
a call for truce in boy's games.
sb.
a large sweetened bun containing currants, in season at all times, but especially so at Hallow-eve, when it contains a ring the person who gets the ring will of course be first married
Barn-brack,
sb.
;
(Irish breac, speckled).
Barney bridge,
sb.
rhyming dialogue '
'
'
' '
a children's game. is
used
In playing
it
the following
:
How many miles to
Barney bridge Three score and ten.' Will I be there by candle light ? Yes, if your legs be long.'
?
'
'
A curtsy to you.'
'Another to you.' '
'
please will you let the king's horses go through ? Yes, but take care of your hindmost man.' Barroughed, Borroughed, adj. a cow with her hind legs tied to keep her still while being milked is barroughed. If
you
'
Barrow-coat,
sb.
a long flannel petticoat, open in front, worn by
infants.
Baste, sb. any animal except a human being. asked a servant-girl, Are you a Christian ? think I'm a baste ? See s. v. Christen. '
A '
zealous individual
She
'
replied,
Do you
'
Baste the bear, Basty,
adj.
sb.
a boy's game.
tough and hard, applied
to stiff
heavy clay or
earth.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
6
(2) sb.
'
a blow.
sb.
Bat, (1)
A
a moth.
He
me
geed
bat is called
a bat on the heed.' '
a leather-winged
bat.'
Bats and bands, a description of rude hinges, consisting of a hook which, is driven into the door-frame, and a strap with an eye which is nailed to the door, so that the door can at any time he lifted off its hinges.
a sloping sea wall.
sb.
Battery,
Battle, bottle, sb.
Bavin,
sb.
a sea
a small bundle of hay or straw.
the ballan wrasse, family Labrus.
fish,
Fishermen
of very little account, and generally use it to bait their It is also called Murran-roe,' and Morrian,' lobster-pots with.
esteem
it
'
'
'
Gregah.'
Bay,
sb.
Beal,
v.
one of the divisions or apartments in a cottage. to suppurate. sb.
Bealdin, Bealin, sb.
Bealin,
Beat
all, v. to
heard.'
Beauty
matter from a
sore.
a suppurating sore. surpass
" The day
Well, now, that beat
all that ever I
W. CAELETON.
beat att for beauty."
sleep, sb. the sleep
Becker-dog,
'
all.
had before twelve
o'clock.
the grampus.
sb.
She becomes her bonnet,' means the bonnet becomes Becomes, v. her. Shure the creathur becomes his new shuit.' '
'
Beddy,
adj. interfering; meddling. one's food, also greedy, covetous.
Bedrill, sb. a bed-ridden person
Beece,
sb. cattle
;
;
'You're very beddy,' saucy at
same
as Betherel.
beasts.
Beeslings, sb. beestings the milk got from a cow at the three milkings after she has calved. Beet, sb. a small sheaf, or bunch of flax. Beets,
sb. pi.
first
the medullary rays in wood.
sb. a round wooden mallet or pounder wooden block as used in a beetling mill.'
for kitchen use
Beetle,
;
a
'
Beetling-mill, sb. a mill fitted with large wooden 'beetles,' raised perpendicularly by machinery and falling with their own weight, for finishing linen.
Beggar's stab,
sb.
Begoud, Begood,
Begunked,
a coarse sewing-needle. v.
begun.
adj. disappointed.
Behang, an exclamation.
Same
as
'
behang
t'
Gnnked. ye for a
fool.'
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Behind God speed, an out-of-the-way place Same as At the back of God speed. Behopes,
sb.
hope
be
expectation.
;
behopes of bein'
better.'
any
7
quite out of the world.
;
' I saw him to-day, and he has no 'I had great behopea the day would
fine.'
any wretched or unfortunate person.
Bein', sb. (being),
the girth, in cart or car harness ; the piece of cord attached to the front of a boy's kite to which the string is fastened.
Belly-band,
sb.
sb. the bent stick or bow in the frame of a boy's kite upright stick is called the standard.'
Bendard,
;
the
'
Ben-weed, Bend-weed, sb. pi.
Berries,
sb.
the rag-weed, Senecio Jacobcea.
gooseberries.
a bed-ridden person ; a helpless cripple.
Betherel,
sb.
Be
to be,
must
be.
'
There be
to be
Be
to do,
must
do.
'
He
do
'
another
it,' i. e.
'He gave me
Better, (1) adv. more. (2) adj. well.
be to
man
got to help.'
he must do
better
it.
nor a dozen.'
He's not better, but he's not so bad as he was yesterchild is born, the mother is said to be better.
The moment a
day.'
Better again, still better. Beyond the beyonds, adj. something very wonderful or unexpected. Beyont the beyons, some very out of the way place. to wait.
v.
Bide,
Bid the time Big,
day, *
v.
to say good-morning, or
Come and
any similar
salutation.
see Billy biggin.'
a building.
sb.
Biggin,
Bike
o'
to build.
v.
(a bee's bike), sb. a
wild bee's nest.
Bill, sb. a bull.
Biller, sb. water-cress (in Irish biorar [birrer]).
Bindherer, Binntherer,
sb.
anything very large and good of
its
kind.
a heap ; a heap of potatoes in a field covered with earth Bing, a heap of grain in a barn. sb.
Binged up, Binner, Birl,
v.
Birse,
v.
v.
;
heaped up.
to go very quickly.
to twirl
round ;
to
go rapidly, as a vehicle
;
to run fast.
sb. bristles.
Birsy, adv. bristly.
Birthy, adj. numerous, or thick in the ground, applied to potatoes Them beans is very birthy.' prolific, or productive. '
;
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
8 sb.
Biscake, Biscuit,
a biscuit.
the root of Potentilla tormentilla, called also
sb.
'
tormenting
root.'
Bissent,
'
not.
v. is
Bisna,
If it bisna the right thing,
'
not.
is
I can carry
The bit of a Bit, (1) sb. of the lock. come
'
(2) sb. to last stage of
to the
sb. pi.
v. is
or are.
work Bizz,
v.
bit,' is
to
come
is
cut to pass the wards
to the point
;
to arrive at the
a very hot description of sugar-stick.
Bits of things, Biz, bees,
the part that
a bargain. sb.
Biting Billy,
key
it.'
too weighty.'
if it bissent
it,
is
we canny work wf
bees finished
household furniture. '
If
may
ye
you
biz goin' I'll
go
too."
'
When
that
go.'
to buzz.
"
And
sweetly you bizzed wee happy bee."
FLECHEB.
Blab, sb. (1) a raised blister; (2) a tell-tale; (3) a bee's blab, the little bag of honey within the body of a bee. Black-a-vized, adj. dark-complexioned.
the flounder or fluke, Platessa flesus.
Black-back,
sb.
a
Black-head,
sb.
the reed bunting.
Black lumps,
fish,
a favourite sweetmeat flavoured with cloves. sb. pi.
'
The
Black
out, adj.
Black
scart, sb. a cormorant.
Blad, (1) (2)
i. e.
in balls,
and
quite out.
a useless thing.
sb.
ab.
black out,'
fire's
made up
a slap or blow.
(3) v. to slap. (4) v. to
on a line.
blow or flap about in the wind, as clothes do when drying The wind would blad the young trees about.' Bladding
=
'
flapping about. sb. Strawberries, raspberries, and currants, are sold by the blade ; i. e. a cabbage-leaf into which a pint or quart, as the case may be, of the fruit, has been put.
Blade,
Blade mangles,
v.
to,
to
take
the outside
leaves off
growing
mangolds.
Blae, adj. livid; blueish.
Blae-berry,
sb.
the
'
Blae with
whortle-berry,
cold.'
Vaecinum
myrtillus.
Frughan. Bla-flum, Bla-fum,
sb.
nonsense
;
something said to mislead.
Same
as
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. '
9
Blanket. It's as braid as it's lang, like Paddy's blanket matter which of two ways a thing is done. Blanter,
'
=
it's
no
a particular kind of oats, long in the pickle, and late in
sb.
ripening.
Blashy, adj. splashy. Blast o' the pipe, sb. a smoke. Blate, adj. bashful.
Blatther,
'
sb.
He fell atylatther on
the groan','
i. e.
with great
force.
(1) sb. a slap or blow.
Blaud,
(2) v. to slap.
Bleart, adj. bleared.
Bleary-een.
sb. pi.
eyes affected
Bleerie-tea, sb. very
weak
by a thick
fluid
;
inflamed eyes.
tea.
Blessed be the Maker an exclamation, made after saying that any one is particularly ugly. !
Blessing, (1)
'You missed
as you missed your mammy's blessin' :' some one who is disappointed at having missed
said derisively to
something.
The Lord's blessing be about you,' a (2) a beggar acknowledges an alms. '
Blether, Blather, (1)
a talking,
sb.
(2) v. to talk foolishly
Blethers,
sb.
nonsense
;
;
empty
common form
in which
person.
to talk indistinctly.
foolish talk. '
=
' to spread small stones or cinders so as Blind, v. to blind a road to cover up the large stones, with which a new road has been pitched,' and to fill the interstices. '
Blind man's stan, sb. a boy's game, played with the eggs of small The eggs are placed on the ground, and the player, who is birds. blindfolded, takes a certain number of steps in the direction of the eggs he then slaps the ground with a stick thrice, in the hope of breaking the eggs then the next player, and so on. ;
;
is said to be blinked when it does not Blinked, adj. produce butter, in consequence of some supposed charm having been worked a counter charm is required to bring it right.
Cow's milk
Blister, sb.
an annoying person.
The fry are the coal fish, M&rlangus carbonarius. called gilpins, small ones pickies ; the mid-sized ones blockans and glashans, and when large, grey lord and stanlock.
Blockan,
sb.
'To get blood from a turnip,' to achieve something Blood, (1) v. very difficult in the way of getting. 'Your nose is lloodin'.' (2) y. to bleed.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
10 Blood-sucker,
Blooming Blooster,
sb.
Sally,
the hairy willow herb, Epilobium hirsutum.
to bluster.
v.
sb.
Blootther,
a stinging jelly-fish, or Medusa.
sb.
a severe blow
;
a clumsy blundering rustic.
Bloss, sb. contraction for blossom
;
a term of endearment.
The bird that the blue titmouse. Blue-bonnet, tlie cock blue bonnet,' is really the great titmouse. sb.
is
here called
'
Blue-bow, Blew-bowed,
sb.
when
said of flax
it
blossoms.
It happens longer or shorter, from the time that the Blue-month. owl pratis (potatoes) goes out, an' the new ones is not come in.' OLLMINTCK. '
sb.
Bluit,
a fish
Blurtin' thing, sb.
Boag,
sb.
a crying child.
a bog. a strong low truck with four wheels.
sb.
Boagie,
some description of skate or thorn-back.
;
'To board a person,' to bring him before a board (of v. What ails you at the man ? Guardians, for instance) on some charge. Sure lie boarded me an' got me the sack (dismissed).
Board, (1)
'
'
'
'
(2)
v.
to accost a person.
Menyanthes
sb.
Bog-bean,
trifoliata.
It is used medicinally
by the
peasantry.
Bogging,
black bog or peat, used for manure (MASON'S Parochial
sb.
Survey, 1814). sb.
Boggle,
Bog- wood,
Bohog,
sb.
a mischievous spirit or goblin.
wood dug out
sb. fir-
of peat bogs.
a rude shed, under which the priests said mass during
times of persecution.
=
'The
the boiling point. Boil, sb. the boil 'It's just at the boil. boil.'
pot's comin'
to the
1
Boiled milk,
sb.
porridge
made
Boiled upon, boiled with.
of oat-meal
and milk.
'Take some of that herb boiled upon
sweet milk.'
Boke, Bole,
v. to
sb.
Bo-man,
retch
;
to incline to vomit.
a small recess in the wall of a room. sb.
Bonaught,
a bogey. sb.
The word
is
a thick round cake
used to frighten children.
made
of oaten meal,
and often used on the harvest (DuBOURDiEU's Co. Down, 1802). clear turf coal,
first
making
baked on the of meal after
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Bone dry,
Bonham,
Booket, adj. Bool,
sb.
the
Booled oars,
men
a pig of six or eight weeks old.
Same
sb.
as
Bannock.
a louse.
sb.
Boo,
adj. perfectly dry.
sb.
Bonnock,
11
'
sized.
how
It's big booket.'
of a key, or of scissors. a kind of oars used
sb. pi.
by the Scotch quarter
fisher-
at
Carrickfergus. " Booled oars are those which row, two
at one beam upon each oar fastened a piece of oak timber, the length of such part of the oar as is worked within the boat which timber enables them to balance the oar so that they row with greater ease." S. McSsiMlN, Hist, of ;
is
;
Carrickfergus.
Bools, sb. pot-hooks.
When a small boat is running before a light out, v. the sails are boomed out so as to catch as much wind as possible.
Boom
Boon,
sb.
a
company of reapers. sb.
Boor-tree, Bore-tree,
the elder-tree, Sambucus nigra.
a stall for an ox.
sb.
Boose,
The goose
'
Bose, adj. hollow.
Bother one's head,
v.
is
a bonnie bird
to trouble one's
if it
adj. bold. sb.
Box-borra,
Boxen,
sb.
'
He come on
bose.'
'He's boun' to
as bowl as a lion.'
a wheel-barrow with
a casing of
was not
self.
Boun', v. bound; determined; prepared; certain. do it.'
Bowl,
wind
wood such
wooden
as is
sides.
round the
sides of a
farm
cart.
Boxty, or Boxty-bread, sb. a kind of bread made of grated raw potatoes and flour; it differs from 'potato bread,' or 'potato cake,' of which cold boiled potatoes form the principal part.
Box-wrack, Brace, fire
a kind of sea- wrack.
a screen, made of stakes interwoven with twigs, and covered and outside with prepared clay used to conduct the smoke from on the hearth to an aperture in the roof.
sb.
inside
a
sb.
Bracken,
sb.
any large kind of
Brads, Breads,
sb. pi.
which are attached Brae,
sb.
flat
boards or
beam
to a large
a steep bank
Braid, adj. broad.
the
;
a hill
fern.
;
scales, usually for weighing.
the brow of a
hill.
made of wood,
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
12
a large harrow, sometimes called a
sb.
Braik,
drawn by two horses because
called, not it is
drawn by one
field are called
Bramble,
;
horse.
The young blades of
sb.
Braird,
sb.
either
'
corn, flax, &c. that
come up
in a
the braird.
withered branches
A
Bramelly, or Brambled. is
'
'
it
'
double harrow,' usually the single harrow is much smaller, and is so is in one piece, it is really double, but because
'
knock-kneed
'
or
;
rubbish of twigs, &c.
bramelly-legged man is a man who out-kneed,' or has misshapen feet and '
'
legs.
Branded, Brannet,
adj. of a red colour with streaks or bands, applied
to cattle. sb.
Brander,
a broiling iron.
a turn at the operation of churning.
(1) sb.
Brash,
'
Gi'e the
churn
brash.' (2) sb.
Brattle,
an attack of
sb.
Brave, adj.
illness.
a peal of thunder. '
fine
large.
;
'
That's a brave day.'
That's a brave
chile ye've got.' '
Bravely, adv.
finely.
He's doin' bravely'
i.
e.
he
is
recovering
finely.
Brazier, cod,
sb.
a fish
Morrhua lusca ; common sea bream,
the pout,
;
M. minuta;
also the
also the poor or
power
Pagellus centrodontus.
A
'Bread and butter, and tith, thith, thith.' child is asked to repeat this, and when he gets to the last syllables the tongue gets between the teeth, and when some one gives him an unexpected blow tinder the chin of course the tongue gets bitten.
Bread.
Bread and cheese,
the young leaf-buds of the hawthorn.
word used by the Ulster Scots
(1) sb. a
Break,
sb.
(2) v. to
for a rout or defeat
The Break of Drummore,' The Break of Killeleigh.' Can you break that pound note for me ? change money. '
'
(obsolete).
'
'
Break by kind, v. to be different in habits, disposition, &c., from " The son of a dhrunk man 'ill le be inclined to be one's parents. dhrunk Breeks,
hisself, if
Breest, or Breast,
some
he dizint break by kind."
OLLMINICK.
sb. pi. trousers.
'
object.
v.
to spring up and alight with the breast breest that wall ?
Breeze, sb. fine cinders or coke. reduced to 3s. per 40 bushels."
Bremmish, sb. a dash, made by a ram. Brent clean, adj. quite
upon
'
Cud ye
" The price of fine breeze has Belfast Paper, 1875.
or furious rush or
clean.
blow
;
been
the sudden rush
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Brent new,
adj. quite
Brequist,
Same
as
the fishing frog or sea devil, Lophius piscatorius.
sb.
Molly Gowan, Kilmaddy.
Briar bunting, Bridge,
sb.
the
common
A toul'
shure
bunting.
A coal
a weigh-bridge.
sb.
abstracting coals from his '
"bran new."
as
breakfast.
sb.
Briar bot,
Same
new.
13
own
was found to have been Ah, ye fool,' said his comrade,
carter '
load.
ye ye had to go over a
bridge.'
Brills, sb. spectacles. '
to toast or scorch. brissling your shins over the fire.' v.
Brissle,
Broad
To
'
brissle potatoes.'
Don't be
stone, The, sb. a cromlech in the parish of Finvoy, co. of
Antrim. thin oat-meal porridge. There is a saying, e. that brochan is not worth saying grace such poor food comes as a right.
Brochan,
'
sb.
Never bless and that
1
brochan,
i.
Brochan roy,
sb.
brochan with leeks boiled in
it
:
for,
used by the very
poor. (1) sb. a badger has a bad smell.
Brock,
(2) sb.
broken
;
a foolish person
;
a dirty person
;
one
who
victuals.
a strong Irish accent. ' He has a brogue you could hang Brogue, hat on,' i. e. a very strong brogue. your sb.
Brogues. boots,
As vulgar as a clash very vulgar indeed. '
Broken down tradesmen, Broo,
o'
brogues,'
i.
e.
a pair of
common
5
Snow-broo
sb.
Brooghled,
Brosnach
v.
a boys' game.
sb.
= snow broth
;
half-melted snow.
badly executed. sticks, sb. an armful or bundle of branches gathered Also called Brosna and Brasneugh.
o'
for fire- wood.
Broth. Broth, like porridge and sowans, is spoken of in the plural A few broth.' Will you sup them ? They're very salt the day.' '
'
'
sb. a halo round the moon. han' storm,' saying.
Brough,
'
A far
Browlt, adj. deformed or bowed in the legs pig, a
young dog,
Bruckle, adj.
brittle.
Bruckle sayson, Brulliment,
Brumf,
or a
sb.
sb.
:
awa
brough,
That's bruckle ware ye'r carry in
very unsettled weather.
a disturbance
;
a broil.
adj. curt or short in manner.
is
a near
generally applied to a
calf. '
:
'
1
.'
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
14
to burst.
v.
Brust,
Bucht oot
v.
!
get out
!
" To be sold or let, a good buck-house, about 80 Buck-house, sb. Advt. Belfast Newsfeet long, with a well- watered bleaching green." 1738.
letter,
Buckle,
sb.
a mollusk,
sb.
Buckie-breer,
Buckled,
the scarlet berries of the wild rose.
sb.
Buckle-berries,
Buccinum undatum.
a wild rose bush.
' There, that saw's applied to a saw. e. a man who repairs saws. take her to the saw doctor,'
bent or twisted
v.
all buckled;
:
*'.
Buddagh, sb. the large lake trout, Salmo ferox. The word mean a big, fat fellow a middle-sized cod-fish.
is
said to
;
Buddy,
sb.
Budge,
v.
an individual. '
move.
to
Buffer, sb. a boxer.
Bug,
he can't budge his
old buffer,' a tough old fellow.
a large marble.
Bully-rag,
v.
to scold in a bullying
Bully-raggin',
Bum-bee,
sb.
and noisy way.
a great scolding.
a bee.
sb.
Bumbee wark, sb. nonsense. Bummer, sb. a boy's toy, made with circular disc, usually of tin
Bumming, Bun,
sb.
feet or his legs.'
a constable.
sb.
sb.
Bull,
ill
to play marbles.
v.
Bulkey,
An
'
a caterpillar infesting fruit trees.
sb.
Bulk,
He's that
v.
the
boasting
tail
Bun, Bunny,
;
;
it
a piece of twine and a small
makes a humming
noise.
talking big.
of a hare.
call to
a rabbit.
way of commission given to (1) persons who bring together buyer and seller at a flax market. Perhaps a corruption of bonus. Bunce the money.' (2) v. to divide money.
Bunce,
sb.
a consideration in the
'
Bundle,
sb.
Bunker,
Bunny,
sb.
sb.
Bunt,
v.
Burn,
sb.
to
what a child a low
bank
sits on.
at a road side, a road-side channel.
a rabbit.
run away, as a rabbit does.
a small river.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Burn-shin-da-eve, over the fire.
Burrian,
a bird
sb.
a term for a
sb,
woman who
is
15
fond of crouching
the red-throated diver.
;
A
sb. a kind of sea wrack ; the tangle, Laminaria digitata. When I was shapeless person is called in derision a burroe. sixteen I grew up as tall as a hig burroe, said by a woman from Glenarm, Co. of Antrim.
Burroe,
'
tall,
1
sb.
Bui-rough, duck,
the shell drake.
Bursted churn. When the sun sets before the grain the last day of reaping on a farm, there is said to be a sb.
Bushes,
masses of sea-weed (tangles), growing on sunken at low water.
pi.
and exposed
rocks,
Busk,
is all cut, on bursted churn.
deck oneself. " Gae busk yeirsel' an come awa' An' dinna sit here dringin'." HUDDLESTON.
to dress, or
v.
Buskin boot, Butcher,
sb.
sb.
a man's low boot
;
to tie.
the parten or shore crab, Carcinus moenas.
In summer Butter goes mad twice in the year, a saying. runs away, and in winter it is too hard, and dear as well.
Buttery fingers,
sb.
a term for a person
who
lets things slip
it
from
his hands.
Buttin' at, '
Buy.
v.
He
hinting
at.
cud buy ye
ithir,' said to
a person
at the yin en' o' the toon, an* sell ye at the who is supposed to have a small supply of
sense.
By-chap,
sb.
an illegitimate male
child.
" It was about this time that Paddy Bye-word, sb. a saying. had come to frighten him, but he only a seen that Loughran ghost Ye're late,' an' with that the bye-word riz, Ye're late, as sayd, " OLLMINICK. Paddy Loughran sayd t' the ghost.' '
'
By Gommany, a petty oath, or exclamation. By Goneys, or By Golly, an oath. By Jaiminie King, an oath. Byre,
sb.
Cackle,
a cow-house.
sb.
a concealed laugh.
01 coverlet ; a cloak or cover ; a small Cadda, Caddow, sb. a quilt or cloth which lies on a horse's back underneath the straddle.' I '
Cadge,
v. to
carry about anything for
sale.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
16
a pedlar
sb.
Cadger,
;
an itinerant dealer in
fish.
Caff, sb. chaff.
Cahill, sb.
an
eel net.
Caigey, adj. in very Cailey,
sb.
Caillyea,
good
spirits
a call or friendly
sb.
Caleeriness,
a talk round the sb.
giddiness
Caleery, adj. light
fire
fun
;
vain
;
lively
;
;
wanton ;
eager.
visit. ;
a gossip
among
neighbours.
mischief.
;
full of mischief.
;
When a calf is born, it is customary in some places to crush an egg in the hand, and thrust it, shell and all, down the animal's throat. It is also dragged by the heels round the yard for luck. MASON'S Paroch. Survey, 1819.
Calf.
Caliagh, sb. a potato of more than a year old (probably from its wrinkled appearance, as this is the Irish word for an old woman or hag). Call, sb. occasion or need. call had you to touch them
'
You had no
call to
do
'
Called on, in demand, as certain classes of goods in shops. nen's greatly called on this weather.' '
Calling, v.
He's a calling'
Cambered, adj. slightly arched which has become bent.
Came
v.
on,
Candy-man,
became sb.
toffee, called
Canney,
Canny, Cant,
v.
'
of.
'
i.
;
e.
he
is
Flan-
being called.
a builder's term for a floor or ceiling
What came
on you
'
1
a rag-man. These men generally give a candy,' in exchange for rags, &c.
kind of
cannot.
adj. cautious.
to sell
v.
by
auction.
Can you whistle and chaw meal ? addressed boasting of his powers of doing difficult things,
Cap-ball,
Capper,
What
'
that.'
'
?
sb.
sb.
Carcage,
sb.
to a person
who
is
j
a boys' game.
a turner of
wooden bowls.
a carcase.
Carf, Carp, sb. a fish, the sea bream, Pagellus centrodontus. Carf, sb. a ditch water.
;
a shallow channel cut in peat bogs for conveying
Carnaptious, adj. quarrelsome
;
fault-finding.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
17
"
sb. pi. Hundreds of men, women, and children, called carpers, are ready to catch the fish [herrings] that break from the net
Carpers,
MASON'S Paroch. Survey
on. its drawing on shore." Co. of Antrim), 1819.
'A
Carrion. persons
Carry,
(P. Ardolinis,
carrion won't poison a crow,' i. 6. there are some eat anything, or to whom nothing comes amiss.
who can
a weir or mill-lead.
sb.
boisterous or improper proceedings.
sb. pi.
Carryings on,
Carry lady to London. In this game two children grasp each other by the wrists, forming a seat, on which another child sits, who is thus carried about, while the bearers sing
my
'
Give
me
a pin, to stick in
To carry my lady Give
me
v.
Carry on,
sb.
my
thumb,
London;
another, to stick in
To carry her a Carry of the sky,
to
my other,
little bit farther.'
the drift of the clouds.
behave in a boisterous or giddy manner
to
;
to act
improperly.
Carvy
seed, sb. carroway seed. '
Case equal. as
it's
It's case equal,'
i.
e.
it's
just the same
Cash, sb. a pathway ; a covered drain water in wet ground or bog.
made
(2) v. to reject
an
sb.
Castaway,
Casting out, colours from
as
broad
Cast ones,
v.
old,
falling out
;
quarrelling
;
also
the fading out of
articles of dress.
sb. pi.
v.
A
worn-out horse.
rejected things.
v. to reproach; to bring past errors or offences. it,
cast yins;
on account of some imperfection.
Cast up,
catch
it's
to leave a passage for
'Them's old
Cast, (1) adj. rejected as being faulty. wouldn't tak them.'
Catch
;
long.
receive punishment.
up byegones; '
If
to
remind one of
he finds you here
you'll
it.'
Cat-fish, sb. a cuttle fish, Sepia qfficinalis.
Catteridge,
sb.
a cartridge.
wooden cup without a handle. Caup, Cawney, adj. cautious. Same as canny. sb.
a
Cawsey, Cassy, sb. the paved or hard-beaten place in front of or round about a farmhouse.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
18
said to
it is
Bad
'
(2) sb.
Chainy,
Champ,
sb.
mashed
*'.
;
e.
bad luck.
'
complaining way. '
coming back after a payment, Sir, I've called for the change for them pea-rods.'
'
itself.
one's feet,
Change
to scold in a
;
not merely
but money
you,' saying
potatoes.
to chide
v.
sb.
Change,
cesa, i. e. it
cess to
sb. china.
Chander,
When water is put on an oily runs into separate drops.
a house painter's term.
v.
Cess, (1) surface
v.
the change
to
put on dry shoes and stockings.
a toll of one shilling levied annually by the Chapman gill, It is sheriffs of Carrickfergus from each vessel trading to the port. to pay the cost of burying the bodies of sailors or others cast on shore. sb.
,
'
Hist. Carrickfergus.
diarged or no charged
Charged.
she's
'
dangerous
:
said of a
gun
or pistol.
a person
sb.
Charity,
who
is
deserving of charity
is
said to be a
'
great charity.' '
'
It's long o' comin', like Eoyal Charlie Charlie. that has been long expected.
said of a thing
That would charm the heart of a wheelbarrow ; and That would charm the heart of a beggar-man's crutch said in '
'
Charm. '
:
'
:
who
derision to a person
Chase-grace,
sb.
a scapegrace.
said to
Chay-chay,
singing or whistling badly.
is
cows to
call
'
Eunnin' about like a chase-grace.'
them
or quiet them.
Chay, lady, said to a cow to quiet her. sb.
Check, (1) (2)
a slight meal.
the sheet of a
Cheep,
He
checked
me
for going.'
To
slightly slacken
sail.
to chirp.
v.
Cheevy,
'
to chide.
v.
Same
to chase.
v.
as Chivy.
Chert your tongue, bite your tongue. ' If you can't you had better chert your tongue and say nothing.'
Chew,
sir
Childhre, Chile,
sb.
Chimin',
Chimley,
!
away ;
sb. pi.
or behave yourself
:
tell
the truth,
said to a dog.
children.
a child. v.
singing.
sb.
a chimney.
Chimley brace, sb. the screen that conducts the smoke from a on the hearth upwards through the roof.
fire
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Chirm, v. to sing " But
;
make a
to
19
murmuring sound.
low,
sweetly you cliirmed on ould
May momin'." FLECKER.
Chitterling, (1) si. a swallow. (2) v. chattering, as applied to the noise that
Chitty wran, sb.
Chivy, (1)
common
the
swallows make.
wren.
a chace. '
chase or pursue.
(2) v. to
Chokes,
sb.
sb. pi.
He
chivied me.'
the sides of the neck.
Chollers, Chillers,
the sides of the neck.
sb. pi.
a small Lit of whalebone attached to a sea fishingChop-stick, line to keep the snood and hook clear of the sinker. sb.
Chow,
chew.
to
v.
Chrissimis,
sb.
Christmas.
(1) sb.
Christen,
a,
human
'
The poor dog was
lyin'
on a
Don't put the dog into that clabbery
hole.'
being.
Christen' a bed.' (2) adj. Christian.
Chuckie, a hen
;
the call for fowl.
Churchyard deserter, Churn,
a harvest home.
sb.
'
mud.
sb.
Clabber,
a very sickly-looking person.
sb.
They clodded '
clabber at me.'
Clabbery, adj. muddy. Clachan, sb. a small cluster of cottages. Claghtin',
Clam,
sb.
v.
catching or clutching
at.
a shell-fish, Pecten maximus.
When
sb. a small stack of turf, containing about a load. turfs or peats are put out,' they are left for some time to dry; as soon as they can be handled they are put into footins or futtine,'
Clamp,
'
'
'
'
about four peats are placed on end, the upper ends leaning against each other. In the course of a week or two, if the weather be dry, these are put into turn footins,' several footins being put together. In this case, two rows of turf are placed on end, say six in each row, the upper ends leaning against each other on these are laid, crossAfter some time wise, as many peats as the upright ones will hold. these turn footins are put into clamps, in which they remain until they are sufficiently dry to be removed from the bog. *. e.
'
;
'
'
'
Clan-jamfrey, Clam-jamfrey,
Clargy,
sb.
Clarkin',
v.
a clergyman. clerking
;
'
sb.
Ah
!
1
a whole lot of people. he's a
good
man ;
he's
my
clargy.'
doing the work of a clerk.
Clart, sb. a dirty, slovenly
woman. c 2
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
20 Clash, (1)
a slap or blow.
sb.
(2) eb. a tell-tale. '
(3) v. to tell tales.
Clashbag,
sb.
Clatchen,
sb.
He went
and
clashed
on me.'
a tale-bearer. a brood of young chickens or ducks.
Clatin', v. the act of raking together.
Clatty, adj. dirty, slovenly.
You weren't both clatty and longsome at Clatty and long-some. that,' means that though you were quick about it, you did it badly '
and
dirtily.
Claut, a strong rake for raking
up mire
or rubbish.
Clavin, a sea-fish, the spotted gunnel, Blennius Gunnellus. also Flutterick and Codlick.
Claw-hammer, Clay-bug,
a
sb.
name
a slang
sb.
common '
Clean, adv. quite.
I
Called
for a pig's foot, also for a dress coat.
clay marble. '
dean
forgot.'
He's clean mad.'
Clean ower, adv. completely over. Clean wud, adj. stark mad. "
Clearsome, adj. clear; bright. Cled, adj. thickly covered, as a branch with fruit.
Cleek,
sb.
a hook.
Cleeked up, Cleekups,
adj.
sb.
hooked up,
stringhalt
;
as
window
curtains sometimes are.
a twitching disease in the hind legs of a
horse or ass. Gleet, sb. a double
Cleg,
(1) sb.
hook used in a boat
the gad
for belaying small ropes to.
fly.
(2) v. to clog.
Clemmed Cleush,
to death, adj. perished
sb.
a sluice
Clever, adj. large
;
;
with wet and
cold.
a water channel or spout.
fine-looking.
Clib, sb. a horse one year old. Clifted, adj. cleft or split.
Clincher,
sb.
a convincing statement or argument that settles the
matter.
Cling,
v.
to shrink or contract, as
Clint, sb. a projecting rock.
wood
in drying.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. hook with a wooden handle, used
Clip, sb. a gaff, or strong iron fish
landing
a mischievous young
;
*
Clipe, sb. anything pretty large.
Clipes, sb. tongs for holding stones
Clish-ma-claver,
sb. silly
talk
21 for
girl.
A clipe
of a boy.'
when being
lifted
by a winch.
nonsense.
;
The rattling noise of Clitterty, clatterty, meal upon Saturday. a grinding mill is supposed to resolve itself into these words. Another form '
Clitterty, clatterty, late
upon Saturday
Barley parritch, an' hardly v.
Clockin',
Clocks, (1) '
Clod,
hatching. sb. pi.
dandelions in seed.
I'd as soon
(2)
to
v.
that.'
watch
clocks [beetles] as
mind them
childre.'
throw anything, such as stones.
Cloot, sb. a hoof.
Clootie, sb. a left-handed person. Cloots, (1) sb. pi. ragged clothes; fragments of cloth. (2) sb. the devil.
Close side, sb. the right side of a carcase of mutton, so called because the kidney at that side adheres more closely than at the left, which is called the open side. Cloth, sb. linen. sb.
Clout, (1)
'
a slap.
A'll gi'e ye a clout
on the lug
if
dar' to
ye
clash.' (2) v. to slap. sb. aii instrument used in the preparation of flax ; by it the shows are removed which have not been taken off at the scutch
Clove, '
'
'
mill.*
Clutch,
sb.
the silty substance in which oysters are partly
embedded
on the oyster banks near Carrickfergus. Coag,
a vessel for carrying or holding water, made of hoops and a small barrel, with one of the ends removed.
sb.
staves, like
Coal,
a lap of hay
sb.
;
a lap cock.
Coaling hay, v. rolling it in small cocks after being cut. Coast anent, v. Farm labourers who are given money to lodge and board themselves are said to coast anent? '
a woman's gown. my coat none the worse for it to-day,' e. I am nothing (2) the worse now for having been in a much lower position at one time.,
Coat, (1)
Cobble,
sb.
I wear
'
v.
*'.
to bargain or haggle.
Cobblety-curry,
sb.
Same
as
Shuggy-shu
(1).
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
22
Cobbs, or Herring Cobbs,
Cock-bread,
which game
Cocked up,
young herrings. and other things with
adj. conceited.
a cock-fighter.
sb.
Cocker,
sb. pi.
a mixture of hard-boiled eggs cocks are fed.
sb.
sb. pi.
Cockers, Caackers,
Cockles of the heart. of onda
the cockles
the heels of a horse's shoe turned down.
A warm drink or a dram
said to
is
'
warm
heart.''
Children amuse themsb. a common wild plant, Plantago. selves in summer with knocking off the heads of each other's cocks. This is called 'fighting cocks.'
Cocks,
anything set up as a mark at which to throw stones.
sb.
Cock-shot,
Cock-stride, applied to the lengthening of the days. "About oul' New Year's Day, the days is a cock-sthride longer." OLLMIMCK. sb.
(2) v.
your
a
sb.
Cod, (1)
to
troublesome fellow.
silly,
humbug
or quiz a person
;
hoax
to
;
'
to idle about.
Quit
coddin'.'
a crusty old fellow.
sb.
Codger, Codlick,
a
sb.
fish,
the spotted gunnel.
Coffin-cutter, sb. Ocypus olens, the cock-tail, an insect larger than earwig, of a black colour. Called also The Devil's Coachman.
Cog, (1)
a wedge or support fixed under anything to steady
sb.
an
it.
steady anything that is shaky by wedging it ; to place a wedge under a cart-wheel to prevent the cart going down hill. (2) v. to
to shake.
v.
Coggle,
Cogglety, Coggly, adj. shaky potatoes and
;
unsteady.
A
'
'
dish curley kail mashed together. of Colcannon used to form part of the dinner on Hallow-eve, and usually contained a ring. The finder of the ring was to be married
Colcannon,
sb.
first.
Cold comfort, me.'
Act
sb.
Compare ii.
sc.
no comfort "
He
i.
Coldrife, adj. chilly naturally coldrife.' Coif,
v.
to
Colfin', sb.
Colley,
sb.
'
at all That's cold comfort ye're givin' receives comfort like cold porridge." Tempest,
wad
;
cold
;
of a chilly nature.
a gun.
the material used to smuts.
wad
a gun.
'
Some
people's
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. a confidential chat.
sb,
Collogue, (1)
23
(2) v. to talk confidentially. sb.
Collop,
a slice of meat.
Collop Monday,
the day before Shrove Tuesday.
sb.
'
' It's as clean as if Colly had licked it said [coalie], a dog. of a plate or bowl that has been thoroughly emptied and polished off.
Colly
:
Come
'
back.
Come back
pay the bap ye
an'
eat,'
e.
i.
come back
;
don't hurry away.
Come
in, v. to suit
Come Come
to
v.
on,
;
'
to serve.
grow up
It's
;
sure to come in for some use.' '
to thrive.
The
chile's
comin' on
over, v. to repeat anything told in confidence. come over that.'
Come round,
v.
from
to recover
illness.
'
'
finely.'
Now
don't
Doctor, do you think he's
comin' roun\'
Come
Are ye comin' much
'
speed, v. to get on with any work. speed wi' the job ? '
Commanding Common,
a severe pain, such as almost disables one.
sb.
pain,
(l)sb. hockey
a game.
;
Comun and Kaminan,
districts
Same as Shinney. Called in some from the Irish name for the game. i. e. of very low extraction, or a com-
As common as potatoes,' parison for anything very common. '
(2)
sb. the caterpillar of Sphinx atropos. "Cows eating of the grass that it passes over are believed to be affected with that fatal distemper called the connough." McSxiMiN's Hist. Carrick-
Connough worm, fergus, 1823.
Conquer,
sb.
a conqueror.
conceit ; a pleasurable prides in his garden.'
Consate,
(1) sb.
(2) si. conceit.
give
him a
To
'
knock the
'
He takes a great consate
consate out of
any
one,'
means
to
beating.
' I wouldn't do Constancy, sb. a permanency. e. I would not make a practice of it.
it
for a constancy?
'.
Contrairy, (1) adj. obstinate;
good (2)
(3) that.'
bein' so contrairy
o'
Inconvenient. v.
It
happened at a most contrairy
to prove the contrary
Convenient, adj. near.
Convoy,
'
v.
{
'Now, what's
contradictory.
the
'
?
to controvert.
;
His house
is
'
time.'
I couldn't contrairy
convenient to the church.
to escort or accompany.
Coody doon, v. kneel down. Same as Coorie doon.
'
Coody doon
an' say yer
prayers.'
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
24
Coof, or Couf, sb. a clownish fellow.
a single dropping of a cow.
sb.
Coo-pnshla,
Coorie doon,
Coorse Christian,
Coorse morning, is
a
common
Coo-sherran,
Same
kneel down.
v.
sb.
as
Coody doon.
a rough fellow.
sb.
coarse morning,
i.
e.
very wet or stormy.
This
greeting.
sb.
cow-dung.
the grey crow or hooded crow. The corby has become rare Corby, in Antrim and Down since the purchasing of dead horses and cows by the artificial manure makers became usual. sb.
;
a large
anything large
fish, for
instance.
a cormorant.
sb.
Cormoral, Corn,
a large pin
sb.
Corker,
sb. oats.
Corny-gera, or Corny-keevor,
the missel thrush, Turdus vici-
sb.
vorous.
Corp,
a corpse.
sb.
Corrag,
sb.
a wind guard for the door of a cottage,
Same
laced branches.
Corvorant, Cot,
sb.
of inter-
a cormorant.
sb.
a flat-bottomed boat.
Coulter-neb,
Coult
made
Wassock.
matter from a sore.
sb.
Corruption,
as
the puffin.
sb.
fit, sb. colt's
foot, Tussilago. '
country is the common way of saying the part of the country where I live,' so that if two farmers from districts three or four miles apart meet at market, one asks the other, 'What's the news in your country ?
Country,
'
sb.
My
'
'
Country Joan,
County crop,
sb.
sb.
an uncouth country person.
having one's hair cut very short, as it would be cut You've got the county crop : said in ridicule.
in the county prison. '
Coutther,
Cove, (1)
sb. sb.
'
'
To
course a lime-kiln Course, of limestone and coal. v.
'
to
is
put in the alternate layers
a plough-share. a cave.
rub a flagged floor with a coving-stone.' Cove, v. to rub a flagged floor with a coving stone.' Covered car, sb. a car with two wheels, drawn by one horse. There is room inside for four passengers, who sit facing each other. The door and step are at the back, the driver sits in front, perched up near the top. There are two very small windows in front, and one '
(2) v. to
'
in the door.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
25
Cowl, adj. cold.
Cowp,
to upset
v.
;
to empty.
Cow's-clap, sb. a piece of cow's-dung.
Cow's
'
tail.
To grow down,
who
a person
like a cow's tail
'
said in derision to
:
be growing shorter instead of taller. ' to to scold at. couldn't thole bein' crabbed v. Crab, carp ; when A didn't do nothin' ondaicent.' supposed to
is
A
at,
sb. the treatment that juvenile fishers give to those crabs (' partens') that fasten on their hooks and eat off the bait the crabs, when landed, are instantly trampled to death.
Crab's allowance,
(1) sb. a chat.
Crack,
(2) v. to gossip or chat
Cracked, adj. damaged
damaged
;
as
to boast. '
cracked hams,' hams which are slightly
in appearance.
the thin cord at the end of a whip
sb.
Cracker,
:
Cracks, sb.pl. tales; gossip. Crane, sb. the iron arm over a
Crapen, Crave,
'
To crave a man,'
Craw, Crow,
sb.
Creel-pig, sb. a basket.
pig,
creesh,'
sb.
i. e.
to apply to
such as
Same
Creepy, or Creepy-stool, Creesh, (1)
'
crook
'
hangs.
him
for
payment
of a debt.
a rook.
young
sb. pi. lice.
Creepers,
from which the
the crop of a fowl.
sb.
v.
fire
a boaster.
;
sb.
is
taken to market in a creel or
as Podes.
a very low stool.
a punishment of an uncertain kind.
'
You'll get the
punishment.
(2) sb. grease.
Creeshy, adj. greasy.
Creuben,
sb.
a crab.
Crib, or Crib-stone,
sb.
the curb-stone at the edge of a foot-path.
to shrink.
Crine,
v.
Crock,
sb.
a derisive term for a person
who
fancies himself ailing or
delicate.
Crocky, adj. fanciful about his health
;
hippish.
' Just go through Croft, sb. a space surrounded by farm buildings. thon farmer's croft down there,' a small field near a house.
Cronkin, adj. to describe the baying sound made by a flock of Brent Croo,
sb.
a poor, filthy cabin.
See Pig Croo.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
26
to cuddle.
;
is suspended from the hanging the pot or griddle from.
'
a hook which
sb.
Crook,
to crouch
v.
Croodle,
'
for
chimney
'
crane in a kitchen black as the crook'
As
very black. Croon, v. to lament or wail. Croose, adj. sharp-tempered ; pugnacious ; irritable ; conceited. as croose as a banty cock.'
Crop,
'
to crop land.
v.
'
Cross.
He would
To put
in crop,' to
steal the cross off
an
sow
ass
:'
'
He's
seed.
said of an avaricious
person.
A
Crottle, sb. a lichen.
Crowl, (1)
decoction of
it is
'A
a small person; a dwarf.
sb.
used for dyeing. crowl on a creepy looks
naethin',' saying.
It is said that dogs can (2) v. to stunt the growth of anything. be crmvled by giving them whiskey when they are young, and that a child is crowled if a man puts his leg over the child's head.
Crown
of the causey,
sb.
the centre of the road, the driest and
and therefore taken possession of by the strongest. The expression refers to the old paved country roads, which had no side cleanest part,
patha Crnb,
(1) sb. a horse's curb-chain. '
(2) v. to check.
Cmden, Cruds,
The
caterpillars crul the
roses.'
a parten (crab), Carcinus mcenas, of a reddish colour.
sb.
sb. pi. curds. '
Cruel, Crule, adj. very. Cruels,
blooms of the
sb.
the king's
Cruffles, sb. pi. a
Crule ban',
Cruel
*
big.'
Cruel nice.'
Cruel party.'
'
He's
evil.
kind of potatoes.
a disagreeable spectacle ; a bad case. hisself with the dhrink.' Same as Sore
sb.
crule han' o'
'
made a
Hand.
Crulge, v. to crouch near the fire ; to cramp oneself by sitting in a crouching attitude. Crumbs. Children are recommended to eat up the crumbs, for the crumbs will make you wise.' '
Crummel,
sb.
a crumb.
Crumming-knife,
sb.
a cooper's tooL
Cruse, adj. captious; cross.
Cuckle,
sb.
a cockle.
Cuckoo-sorrel,
Cckoo-spittle, secreted
sb.
wood
sb.
sorrel,
Oxalis acetosella.
the white froth deposited on plants, which is insect, Aphromora spumaria.
by and encloses the young of an
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. a small
sb.
Cudden,
the young of
fish,
27
the coal-fish, Merlangus
carbonarius.
Cuddy,
a donkey.
sb.
'Cudnae
a
tell
B
frae a
applied to a person utterly
bill's-fit,'
ignorant.
Cuidhich,
sb.
a night's lodging
sb. the broad-nosed used at Lough Neagh, and
Culloch,
and food.
This word is eel, Anguilla latirostris. is the Irish Colloch wicked, in allusion
=
It is also called
to this eel's yoracious habits.
Gorb
Hunter Eel and
Eel. sb. pi.
Cummings,
the rootlets of malt.
a curtsey. Curchie, Curcudioughly, adv. comfortably sb.
Curl
;
cosily.
a flower, the blue scabious, Scabiosa succisa. Children twist the stalk of this flower, and as it slowly untwists in the hand, say to it ' Curl doddy on the midden. sb.
doddy,
:
Turn round
an' tak'
my
biddin'.'
curled kail.
sb.
Curleys,
Curmurring,
sb.
grumbling
;
the sound caused
by
flatus
within the
body.
Curn,
sb.
a currant.
Curnaptious, adj. quarrelsome
Custom gate, Custom gap,
cross-grained.
;
sb.
one of the approaches to a
Cut, (1) sb. a measure of linen yarn.
(2) v. to tack from side to side up an inclined plane; heavy object forward by pushing each end alternately.
Cut butter.
'
It
would
cut butter, if
fair.
See under Spangle and Lea.
it
was hot/
is
to
more a
said of a parti-
cularly blunt knife.
Cut meat, To, v. to eat anything. 'They never cut meat from Saturday till Wednesday said of a lot of sheep which were in transit from Ireland to England. '
:
Cuts.
Cutter,
'
To draw
draw
lots.
a slate pencil.
sb.
Cutty, (1)
cuts,' to
a short, clay pipe.
sb.
a sea bird, the razor-bill. Also the guillemot. (2) There you are puttin' in your cutty among spoons,' said to a (3) youngster who attempts to join in the conversation of the elders. sb. '
(4) adj. short.
full.
Cutty no sense.
*
You
'
'
Cutty pipe.'
Cutty spoon.'
hav'n't a cutty full
'
(of brains),
i.
e.
you have
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
23
Da da,
Da,
Hi da
!
come home '
a helpless, useless person.
sb.
Da-dilly,
'
sb. father.
to the
wain
' !
She's a sore da-dilly of a
crayture.'
Dab,
(1) sb.
(2)
Dab Dad
a small
flat fish.
a snatch, or clutch.
Z>.
at the hole,
of bread,
sb.
sb.
a
game
a large
lump of
bread.
sb. daffodils.
Daffy-downdillies,
Daft, adj. weak-minded
Da-ho,
of marbles.
mad.
;
the hedge parsley, Anthriscw sylvestris.
sb.
See Hi-how.
A
Dais, log used as a seat, and placed against the gable of a cottage at the back of the fire, that is where a round about fire was used. If the fire-place was against the gable there was of course no room for a dais. sb.
'
'
Daiver,
to strike a person
v.
Daivered, adj. doting (1) sb.
Damsel,
;
such a blow as almost to stun him.
Same
bewildered.
as Doithered.
a damson.
(2) sb. an iron rod with projecting pins, that shakes the shoot of the hopper in a corn mill.
Dander, on the dander ; idling about
Dandher,
(1)
(2) v. to
sb.
a slow walk.
Til
;
on the
spree.
just take a dandher.'
saunter ; to walk about slowly.
Dangersome,
adj. dangerous.
When
oats are being put through frames the lightest through a sieve, and are collected by themselves, these are called dapery, co. Antrim. In co. Down they are called wake corn,' sb.
Dapery, grains
fall
'
weak
t. e.
corn.
Dare, or Dar,
v.
to taunt, or challenge.
Dark, adj. blind. Darlin, adj. nice.
'
'
He darred me
Will you give something to a poor dark '
A
darlirt red-head,'
Daurna, Daver,
Davy,
v.
s.
sb.
adj. dazed.
dare not.
Sometimes Daurnae.
to stun.
an
'
I'll take my davy.' a lazy, good for nothing person. Dawmson plume, nb. a damson.
Daw, Day,
affidavit.
sb.
sb.
one's lifetime.
See under
Your
woman 1
'
means a nice head of red
hair.
Danndered,
to fight him.'
day.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Day
an' daily, adv. constantly
Dayly
Dayligon,
6-6.
goin,
29
every day.
;
(daylight
the dusk of the
going);
evening.
Dead
'
end.
would
you saw
If
you would take your dead
it
end,'
you
i. e.
die of laughter.
Dead knowledge, sb. deceitfulness cunning. Dead man's plunge, sb. this is made by throwing ;
a stone, so that it enters the surface of water with such force that no splash is made.
Dead men's pinches,
sb. Small discoloured marks on the skin, which come mysteriously during the night, and which show themselves in the morning. They resemble the marks of finches or bruises. Deaf nut, sb. an empty nut.
Dear bless you God bless you [?], an exclamation. Dear help you God help you [?], an exclamation. !
!
A
Dear knows.
common
who knows,' or rejoinder, meaning originally, God only knows.' '
body knows,' probably meant
Dear love you Deave,
to deafen
v.
;
love you
no-
an exclamation.
[1],
*
to bewilder.
You would
He
'
a defence, or fight.
sb.
Debate,
God
!
'
'
deave one's
ears.'
can make a great debate for
himself.'
Deck
of cards, sb.
Decline,
Dede
sb.
auld, adj. very old.
Deed and doubles, Deil
a pack of cards.
consumption.
'The
(1).
deil couldn't
something very '
(2)
The
indeed.
deil
do
it
unless he
was drunk:'
said of
difficult.
gang
wi' ye, an' saxpence, an' ye'll nether
want money
nor company,' a saying.
Deil bane ye, an expression of anger.
What fortune did his wife bring him 1 Deil perlickit, nothing. Oh, deil perlickit, tied up in a clout.' '
'
'
Deil's needle, sb. a dragon-fly.
Demands,
Demean,
sb. v.
commands.
'
Have you any demands
to lower, or disgrace.
into
town ?
'
'I wouldn't demean myself to
speak to him.'
Demin
ane,
sb.
an odd one,
singular, unusual.
i. e.
sb. a dark cellar in a mill building. the place of safety in games, such as Hy spy.' (2)
Den, (1)
'
Desperation,
sb.
a great rage.
'
The master was
in desperation.'
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
30
Deval, Devalve, or Develve, '
sb. ridicule.
Devarshion,
v.
to desist.
Makin' divarshion,' turning into
ridicule.
Devil's churn staff, the sun spurge, Euphorbia lielioscopia. Same as Coffin cutter. Devil's coachman, sb. an insect. a good-for-nothing person.
sb.
Dhirl,
'
If I was dhrappin' with Dhrap with hunger, v. to die of hunger. hunger I wouldn't ask him for a farden.' A've dhruv that horse I dhruv past him.' Dhruv, v. drove ; driven. '
'
these five year.' for
making holes in the
for planting in.
ground
Dibble, or Dibble in, Diddies,
wooden implement
a pointed
sb.
Dibble,
by means a woman.
to plant
v.
the breasts of
sb.
of a dibble.
Differ, sb. the difference.
Dig, (1)
'
I wish I
sb.
a blow.
To
dig with the
had three digs
at him.'
that the person (2) wrong referred to belongs to a religious persuasion different from that of the speaker. '
Dig wi' baith
a
way of saying
feet, this is said of a clever person.
hand boy. Dig with the same Dimpsy brown, coat,'
foot,' is
belong to the same religious denomination.
foot, to '
adj.
Compare Two
Dimpsy brown,
the colour of a mouse's waist-
an undecided colour.
Din, adj. dun, or brown-coloured.
Dinge, (1) (2)
a dint.
sb.
v. to dint.
Dingle, or Dinle,
v.
to throb
;
to vibrate
;
to tingle.
Dinlin, adj. trembling; vibrating. Directly, just so
Dirt bird,
precisely.
;
the skua.
sb.
It follows flocks of sea-gulls,
and chases
they disgorge the contents of their stomachs, and the vomited matter the dirt bird eats. See Allan hawk. these birds
Discomfuffle.
Discoorse, Disgist,
v.
v.
till
v.
to
incommode.
v.
Divil
here
till
I discoorse you.'
to forget.
Distress, sb. a sickness. sb.
Come
to digest.
Disremember, Ditch,
'
to talk to.
'
Since I had that distress in
my
head.'
a fence, generally of earth.
mend
'
ye.
Served you
'
right.'
You
deserved
it
richly.'
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Diwid,
divided.
v.
Do
[doo], v. to do.'
We
'
them
divvid
from
to recover
as well as
we
31 cud.'
'I'm thinkin' he's not goin'
illness.
sb. gruel.
Dochrai,
a dock-plant. When a boy gets stung by a nettle he searches for a dock leaf, and rubs it on the wounded part, repeating the charm, ' Dockan, Dockan, in. Nettle, nettle, out.'
Dockan,
sb.
Dofe, adj. heavy heavy sound. v.
Doff,
;
stupid, as with a cold
;
also to describe a dull
to take the full bobbins off a spinning-frame in a mill.
sb. a girl who doffs, i. e. takes off the full bobbins from the spinning frames. The doffers are the youngest girls employed in flax spinning- mills. Dog, sb. the end of a rainbow. It generally precedes or accompanies a squall at sea. Same as Weather gall.
Doffer,
Dog
sb.
wilk,
off, sb.
Doing
a sea mollusc,
Purpura
lapillus.
a scolding.
Doithered, adj. doting; bewildered. Dolachan, sb. a large lake trout, not so large as the same species (Salmo ferox).
Doldram, '
buddagh,' but
adj. confused; stupid.
Dolfer, Dolver,
Dolly.
'
sb.
He had
a large marble.
hardly a dolly on him,' means he had scarcely any
clothes on him.
Done, v. did. In the same way for had gone, &c.
Done man, Donse,
sb.
sb.
Dool,
seen
'
is
used for saw
'
;
had went,'
a worn-out old man.
the devil.
Donsy, Dauncey, sb.
'
adj. sick; sick-looking.
a kind of nail.
Dooled, a cooper's term. set into the cross."
Dooless, adj. helpless
An
iron spike, sharp at both ends. " The head and bottom equally dooled and
Belfast News-letter, 1738. ;
thriftless.
Dorn, sb. a narrow neck of water (not fordable) between two or between an island and the mainland (Strangford Lough). Dotard, adj. doting. Dottier,
v.
to totter.
Douce, adj. neat;
tidy.
Dour, adj. sulky
disagreeable.
;
islands,
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
32 sb.
Dousing,
sb. a
Dowd,
'A good dousing.' a beating. woman's white cap without any
frilling.
Dowdy cap, sb. Same as Dowd. Down in the mouth, in low spirits. Dowp,
sb.
Dowse,
v.
a candle-end
also a child's
;
'
bundie.'
to extinguish.
Doylt, adj. stupid.
Dozed, adj. decayed, applied to wood. See Dribs. Drabs, sb. a drawing, or picture.
sb.
Draft, Drafts,
sb. cart-traces
sb.
Drapisy,
made
of chain.
dropsy.
Drap it like a hot potato, i. e. drop it at once. Draw, (1) v. to cart. 'He's away drawin' peats.' (2) v. to lift or raise for the ' hit him on the face.'
He
and
Drawky, Dredge,
adj.
sb.
wet
'
;
misty.
He drew his purpose of attack. drew his foot and kicked her.'
It's
'
fist,
a draicky day.'
a boat used for dredging in harbours.
Dredge box,
sb.
a flour dredger.
' It's a dreegh jab Dreegh, adj. dreary tedious ; slow. some piece of business). A dreegh road (a tedious road). boy (a slow boy). ;
'
'
'
(a weari'
A dreeyh
'
Dreep,
v.
to drip slowly
Dreepin', adj.
;
to ooze.
very wet ; drippiug.
Dribs and drabs,
sb.
small amounts.
'He pays
it
in dribs
and
drabs.'
Dring,
v.
to delay
;
to linger.
'Come
Dringing, adj. lingering, or dawdling on the way. Joan, an' don't be dringing behin'.' Drink-a-penny, the bald coot, Fulica atra.
The
little
grebe
on,
is also
so called. sb. cloth which is a mixture of flax and wool. Of the offspring of mixed marriages it is sometimes said, They're drogget, an' that's the worst of all cloth.'
Drogget,
'
Droghey,
adj. drizzly.
Droll, sb. a tale, or story.
Dropned, adj. When the sky is overcast and dark said to have a drooned appearance.'
all
'
Drop,
sb.
a rather small quantity.
'
Give us a wee drop.'
round,
it
is
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Droukit,
drenched; drowned.
n
Drouth,
thirst
-s6.
;
'As wet as a
33
drouJc.it rat.'
a drought.
when
Drown
the miller, this is said to be done added to the whiskey in a glass of grog.
too
much water
is
On Patrick's day (March 17th) persons are frequently requested to come and drown their shamrocks, this means On this day when anyone is observed in liquor, he to have a drink.
Drown your Shamrock. is
said to
'
have been
drowning his shamrock'
(1) sb. a dredge.
Drudge,
dredge for oysters; to shake flour from a dredger.
(2) v. to
To endeavour
to speak drugget. Drugget, on a vulgar one. sb.
Drum,
'
sb.
I'll
to graft a fine accent
you what Paddy gave the
give
driim,'
i, e.
a good
beating.
Drumlin, Druthy,
Dub,
Ducey, i. e.
a
mound
or ridge of gravel (Co.
mud. " Their petticoots weel mismay them." HuDDLESTOlf.
kill
ahin,
nor dub, nor
adj. juicy.
a dip in the sea. in succession. sb.
'
Duck
at the table, sb. a boy's table-shaped block of stone.
Duck
Down, Geo. Survey}.
'Talkin's druihy work.'
sb.
stoure
Duck,
sb.
adj. thirsty.
'
in thunder.
He
I can take nine back ducks running,'
game played with round
stones,
and a
turned up his eyes like a d nek in thunder,'
saying expressive of astonishment.
Duck's meat, hardened mucous in the corners of the eyes
after
sleeping.
Duds,
Due
sb. clothes,
sober,
Duggen, Duke,
v.
sb.
'
dug.
(1) sb.
(2). v.
ragged clothes.
quite sober. I'll
get that plot duggen:
a duck.
to evade
;
to stoop the
head so as
to avoid a blow.
Same
as Juke.
Dullis, Dillisk, sb. dulce, Rhodomenia pahnata, a sea-weed, eaten or rather chewed, after having been dried for a few days in the sun.
Dumb
craythurs,
Dunch,
v.
Dundher, door. (2)
'
v.
sb.
the lower animals.
to push, or butt.
'
That cow
(1) sb. a violent noisy blow.
to
make
will
dunch you.'
'A dundhcr came
a dull heavy noise, stich as pounding.
to
my
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
34
'
DunclucJcity Dunduckity, adj. diddy,' an undecided colour.
mud
colour, the colour of a mouse's
Dunne,
sb.
a bird, the knot, Tringa camdas.
Dunny,
sb.
the skate,
Dunt,
tsb.
a push
Dure,
s!>.
a door.
Raia bat is.
a hard blow.
;
person ; a kind of pig. in fried oatmeal dripping, and sometimes flavoured with (2) &. This dish is called in co. Antrim, mealy-crushy. leeks, &c., co. Down. stout (1) a short
Durgan,
Durin' ash or oak, for ever.
'They dursent do
Dursent, dare not.
the dusk
sb.
Duskiss,
it."
the evening.
;
hens, sb. fowls of which a tenant has to give a certain to his landlord each year.
Duty
adj. feeling sick.
Dwamish,
Dwaum, Dwine,
a fainting
sb.
to die
r.
Dwyble,
Dwybly,
adj.
away
fit
;
a sudden
shaky
Dyke Sheugh,
sb.
fit
of sickness.
to decline in health
;
walk with a foltering
to
v.
in the limbs.
tottering.
;
A
wee dyor
is
the same as
1
Dyorrie, adj. dwarfed
earnest money.
sb.
When
(1).
when
;
the
the right ear
'
Earywig,
sb.
sb. pi. sb.
Ee, Een,
Eedyet,
a dyorrie pig in every
There's
sb.
my ears,
as Airles.
is
some one
hot,
some one
1
i. e.
there
is speaking ill of speaking good of you. such a din that I can't hear
is
is
an earwig. the eaves of thatch.
an adze. ?b.
Same
left ear is hot,
I can't hear (2) a word.
Easin,
'
small.
shreds and tatters.
sb.
Dyuggins,
Earles,
;
saying.
litter,'
Edge,
weak
a ditch or trench, alongside a fence.
'
you
to diminish.
;
gait, as if
Dyor, sb. a small quantity of any liquid. a wee sup,' 'a wee drop.
Ears,
number
eye
an
;
'
Foot
Same
eyes.
idiot.
Eelans, of the same ago.
as Aizins.
edge,' a foot adze.
'We're
i-tl'tns.'
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Eel
35
used as a cure for deafness.
oil, ah.
these are used for bandages for sprains, and are supposed to possess a curative property they are hound round the hurt wet and slimy, just as they are taken off the eels. Eel-skin is also used for the hooden,' or mid-kipple of a flail. Ekes an' ens, sb. odds and ends ; small scraps of things turned to Ekes an' ens rise to something if you just put them together.' account.
Eel skins,
sb.
;
'
'
'
'
'
Between
Elder,
Elk,
sb.
Elsin,
End.
managed
this.'
a term for the wild swan (HARRIS, Hist. '
From, end to one
Doicn).
= from one end to the other
I've cleaned the hedge from end to one.' end to one through the whole place.' '
The
;
story's
throughout.
known from
=
;
'
to try earnestly. to get him out.' '
End's erran'.
'
On one end's
Eneugh between melts and the allusion
:
'
an attempt one's utmost. To do one's endeavour He come in, an' they done their whole endeavour Make an endeavour to do it.'
sb.
Endeavour,
another
co.
a shoemaker's awl.
sb. '
ekes an' ens I've
a cow's udder.
sb.
erran','
rounds,
to the milt
is
on one single purpose or errand. i. e.
and
between one thing and
roe of herrings.
Engrained, Ingrained, v. A very dirty-looking person have the dirt engrained into his skin.' Enjain, Injain,
Entertainment,
sb.
an ingenious thing.
sb.
lodging and food.
said
is
'
to
'That's a great enjoin.' '
man and
Entertainment for
beast,' a notice.
Entry mouth,
sb.
the end of an entry or lane, where
it
opens upon a
street.
Ere yesterday, sb. the day before yesterday. If A mak an erran' Erran', sb. an errand. '
be tae kiss
Errock,
sb.
the ox eye, '
Etarnal, adj. infernal. '
speare,
The eternal
Ettle,
v.
to intend.
Even,
v.
to impute.
Even
it 'ill
no
a young hen. sb.
Espibawn,
tae yer face,
ye,' said in anger.
Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum. He's an eternal
villain.'
Compare Shake-
devil.'
'
Would you
even the like of that to me.'
number of leaflets, used in a kind of divination. The young girl who finds one repeats the words " This even ash I hold in my han', ash, sb. an ash-leaf with an even
The She then asks the Christian
name
is,
first
first
and
I meet
is
my
true
man."
male person she meets on the road, what his this will
he the
name
of her future husband.
D
2
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
oG Evenlier,
Even
more even.
one's wit, in
fi-i-ii
Even
n-if
if
r.
condescend to argue with another.
to
Even down,
on, or
'
I wouldn't
to you.'
\v;is ;ili i-fi'n i//nr,, '
Every, each.
applied to heavy, continuous rain.
'
Then;
pour.'
There's a chimley on every en'
o'
the house.'
When
the right eye itches it is a sign of crying: whon Eyes, (1) the left eye itches it is a sign of laughing. (2) Your eyes are like two burnt holes in a blanket,' an expression '
of derision.
Eye
sore,
--/>.
Face card,
a blemish
sl>.
;
anything that looks
ill.
a court card.
1 *b. a kind of thick bread made of potatoes and flour or ( ) meal, baked on a griddle. 7>. a bale of goods of an irregular shape. (2)
Fadge,
Failed, looking very
ill,
or in impaired health.
a present from a
si.
Fairin',
Faize, Fiz, r. to show or on that man.' 'He took Fall,
sb.
to fawn, as
r.
Fangled,
Fangs,
all
'Drink never fizzes impression. the medicine, and it never faized on him.*
to fell trees.
i:
Falling hatchet,
Fan,
fair.
make an
v.
*b.
'
an axe for cutting down the dog fans on me.'
trees.
'The cow has got j'angled in her
entangled.
tether.'
the roots of the teeth.
tab. a winnowing machine. Far through, nearly finished very
Fans,
;
ill.
the fourth of the circular piece of oaten cake, which Farl, on a griddle at one time. sb.
See Farley, sb. a wonder something strange. used as a term of contempt. Ye farley ye.' ;
is
baked
farlies, also
Spy
'
Farm
o'
Farmer. Farness,
Ian', sb. a farm. '
sb.
By
the holy farmer? an oath.
distance.
'
What fnrnesg
off
do you
'
live
?
Farntickled, adj. freckled.
The furntickle* niver sayd a word but Farntickles, sb. freckles. one, that they wouldn't light on a din skin,' saying. Don't fash your lug,' pay no heed Fash, v. to trouble oneself. never mind. '
'
;
AXTU1M AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
.'57
sb. Shrove Tuesday. 'That cloth will stand fatigue.' hard wear or abuse.
Fasten's e'en,
Fatigue,
ab.
Fault,
to blame.
v.
Fause
face, a mask. v.
Feat, adj. neat
That
chile
tidy.
;
the lines and markings seen in polished wood.
sb.
Feather,
'
regards family likeness.
as
to resemble, favours his father.'
Favour,
Febberwerry, February. a quantity
sb.
Feck,
;
the greater quantity or majority.
afraid.
Feerd,
Feint a hate, devil a
bit
nothing at
;
a bird, the redwing
sb.
Felt, blue /eft.'
Fend
?;.
off,
all.
the fieldfare
:
is
from striking against any
to prevent a boat
Fend
off post, sb. a post set in the ground to protect injury by carts, &c., coming in contact with it.
Feth
i,
Heth
Feth and
i,
'
here called the
large
object.
an object from
faith yes.
troth,
and
faith
by
truth.
'Feth and troth, but I won't
let you.'
Fettle,
to fix;
v.
to grind the rough
to settle;
edges from iron
castings.
man
Fettler, sb. a
\v~hofettles castings.
the first or original edge on a knife or other cutting I'll implement the first eagerness on commencing a new thing. just eat a bit now to take the fiery-edge off my appetite.' It is sometimes said of a new servant, * Oh wait till you see how he does, when the fiery-edge goes off him.'
Fiery-edge,
sb.
'
;
v.
Fike,
to
be busy in a
trifling
Fillaira, sb. a plant, valerian
Fined
v.
in,
fined.
'
a finger-stall Finger-stail, protection for a sore finger.
;
in 10s.'
the finger of an old glove used as a
When
Fired.
is said to
Firing, ;
sb.
black specks appear on the stem of growing be fired (MASON, 1814).
sb.
flax, it
a kind of mildew or disease to which young flax is subby bleachers sprit' (DTJBOURDIET/S Antrim, 1812).
called
Fissling,
Fisty,
;
He was^/wed
sb.
ject
way. also called villera.
sb.
'
a stealthy noise, such ns a faint rustling.
a nick-name for a person
who
has only one hand.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
38
It jits you to a hair in the water Fits. of a garment.'
'
'
=
it fits
you exactly
said
:
Fitty forra coo, sb. a cow that has been giving milk for say fifteen mouths, and is not with calf. '
Flaff, (1) sb. (2)
Lichenin' Jla/,' a flash of lightning.
to nutter or flap.
v.
sb. a broad, pointed spade, with one edge turned up, used for paring sods or scraws off the surface of the ground.
Flaghter spade,
'
'
A
flail consists of three parts ; the han' stav', the hooden or mid-kipple, which is a piece of cow-skin or eel-skin; and the soople, or part that comes in contact with the grain.
Flail, sb.
Flake, Flaik,
a hurdle, or arrangement -erf "branches, on which flax
sb.
was formerly dried over a
fire.
sb. flannel.
Flannen,
Flatter, to wheedle ; to coax ; to persuade. for the loan of his wheel-barra.'
Flaucht,
sb.
a flash.
Flayers,
sb.
what drops from a
Flax
comb with
ripple, sb. a
'
Away and
flatter
him
dog's tongue.
large iron teeth through
which
flax is
drawn, to remove the bolls or seeds.
He would
'
Flea.
skin a flea for the hide and tallow
' :
said of an
avaricious person.
Flee,
a
sb.
Fleech,
fly.
to coax or supplicate in a
v.
Fleet-line fishing
and
fawning way.
a line used in a particular kind of seamid- way between the surface and bottom clear off the boat, which remains at anchor by
(float-line), sb. the hook floats
;
carried the current. is
away
,
Flied, Fliet, adj. frightened.
Flinch,
sb.
a finch
;
e.
g. gold-flinch.
Flisky, adj. skittish, specially applied to a mare which kicks touched on the flank. Flit, v. to
change house.
sb.
Flitting, load of flitting.' '
A
furniture, &c.,
Floffing, Flaffin',
v.
Flooster, Floosterer,
Flooster,
v.
Floostered,
'Do you flit this week or next?' when in transit from one house to another
fluttering, as a bird sb.
when
a flatterer.
to flatter, or coax. v.
flurried.
Flowan, the bog
cotton,
when
Anthemis Cotuln.
held.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
(
3J
sb. the light clinging dust in a flax-scutching mill ; small fragments of the flax stem. Flow-bog, Flow-moss, sb. a bog through which water has flowed, or
Flowans, Flouans,
which
in
it
sb.
Flower,
lodges.
a bunch of flowers.
Flug-fisted, left-handed.
Flummery,
sb.
See under Sowans.
nonsense.
to startle a shoal of herrings at night, so that the fish indicate their presence by disturbing the surface of the water.
Flush, (1)
v.
a pool
(2) sb.
a pool of water that extends nearly across a road.
;
(3) fledged, as
Flutterick,
Flysome, Fog,
sb.
young
adj. frightful
Fog-cheese,
sb.
Fog-harrow, sb.
Fog-meal,
;
as Clavin.
dreadful.
sb.
sb.
A
a full or hearty meal. person who has eaten too have got a fog-fill,' or to be fog-fu.'
Foot go,
sb.
'
'
the melancholy howling of a dog. '
a fool man.'
E.g.
a bird, the puffin.
Foosted, adj. fusty
Foot and a
late in the year.
a harrow to clear moss away.
Fool, adj. foolish.
Fooran,
made
a soft inferior cheese,
sb.
is said to
Footing,
feet,
birds.
Same
fish.
moss.
sb.
much
a
half,
decaying
;
sb.
;
having a bad smell.
a boy's game.
a sloping plank, Avith stout laths nailed on to assist the
used by masons.
Footins,
sb.
Footther, (1) footther,
See under Clamps.
small heaps of cut peat. sb.
a useless, foolish, or awkward person. ill get you,' common saying.
'You're a
and the duck's
(2) v. to idle; there.'
to
do anything useless.
'Don't
stan' foottherhiy
Foottherin', adj. handless.
Footy, adj. trifling; small; mean. I'm for doing it,' /. e. I'm going to do For. going ? i. e. do you intend to go ? '
it.
'
Forbears, Forebeers,
(2) ad. very; past the
Forder, (2)
>\
'There was tvroforbye myself.'
common.
'
See progress; speed. to help forward.
to assist
;
Are you for
sb. ancestors.
Forbye, (1) adv. besides. (1) sb.
'
That's aforbye good horse.'
Good
forder.
ANTIUM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
JO
Fordersome, what forwards any work
To the fore
'
Fore.
Fore-end,
sb.
'
;
= in existence.
manageable.
the beginning, or early part.
fore-end of the day.
'
He may
go out in the
'
Fore-milk, sb. the first milk got from a cow at each milking it is very poor and watery. Foreway, to get the foreway of one ; to forestall ; to anticipate one. ;
sb.
Forget,
an omission
Fornenst, opposite to
;
;
'
a neglect.
That was a great forget.'
in exchange fur.
Forra-coo, sb. a cow that has been giving milk, for say nine or ten months, and is not with calf. '
Forrard, Forrit, adj. fast, as a clock. Forth, sb. an earthen fort or rath.
She's twenty-minutes forrard.'
Fosey, adj. spongy, like an overgrown turnip, or decayed wood. Foul ground, sb. the bottom of the sea, where it is covered with rocks or stones, and sea- weed. '
There was not a foundet in the Founded, Foundet, sb. anything. house,' i. e. there was nothing always used with a negative.
Founder,
sb.
a catarrh; a cold, or illness.
'
The boy has got
Foundered, adj. exhausted or lamed with wet and cold. was foundered in one of his forelegs.'
Fower- square, Foxed,
adj.
a,
'
founder.'
The horse
adj. square.
Women's
cloth boots are foxed when they have a bindall round next the sole.
ing of leather on the cloth
Foxing,
Foxy,
a
term for a red-haired person.
sb. friend,
Freen, Freet,
adj. scheming.
sb.
sb.
or relative.
an omen.
Freety, adj. having belief in charms or omens, freely about here.'
French
flies, sb.
a boy's game.
a relative. I niver seen them.'
Friend, Freen,
'We're no that
sb.
Same
Frimsy-framsy.
'
They're far out friends of mine, but
as Frincy-francy, q. v.
a game played between the dances at balls in Frincy-francy, farm-houses. chair was placed in the middle of the barn or room the master of the ceremonies led to the chair a young woman, who sat down and named the young man whom she was willing should kiss her. This he did, and then took the seat which theladv vacated. sb.
A
;
ANTRIM
DOWN GLOSSARY.
A XI)
41
He
then called out the name of some favourite girl, who was led up to there was another kiss. The girl then took the seat, and so on The same game is called Frimsey-framsey in parts of (Co. of Down). the co. of Antrim.
him
;
sb. the iron mountings on single and double they are attached to a plough or harrow.
Frizzens.
From
trees,
by which
that I went, from the time that I went.
'
the holy
'By
Frost, (1)
She'll sit
(2)
a,
an exclamation.
frost,'
frost,'
i. e.
she will die an old maid.
The frost has taken the
'
(3)
air,'
this is said
when a wet day
follows
a clear frosty morning. sb.
Frughans,
Same
whortleberries.
as Blaeberries.
Frush, adj. brittle, as applied to wood, &c. 1 shoughs separate easily from the fibre.
:
said of flax
when
the
'
Fud, sb. the tail of a hare. Full farmer, #b. a large, or well-to-do farmer.
Fum
turf, sb. light
Fur,
sb.
spongy
turf.
a furrow.
Furrow and
land, the hollows and heights on the surface of a mill-
stone. v.
Fut,
i.
e.
'
walk.
foot, to
Ye
futted
it
\veel
'
= you
walked
quickly.
Fuzionless, adj. insipid, or innutritions, as applied to fodder, &c., of inferior quality.
Fyammy, '
fyams,'
Fyams,
sb.
Gab, (1) '
(2)
adj. applied to a sea i. e. tangles.
the long sea-weeds
sb.
the
mouth
All gal and guts like a
Gabbuck, ov Gobbock, Gackin',
v.
Gaffer, sb.
Gag,
known
hence
:
as tangles.
talk.
'Gie us none of your gab.'
young
crow,' a comparison.
the piked dog-fish.
mocking. the head man over a gang of navvies.
(1) sb. a
joke
a deception.
;
'
(2) v. to ridicule.
Gailick, Gelick,
Gaily pot,
sb.
bottom covered with a growth of
sb.
Gaining, adj.
a
sb.
They began with
gaggin' other.'
an earwig.
jam
pot.
winsome
;
See Gelly cup. lovesome.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
42 Gaits,
sheaves of corn set up singly on end. They are tied higher so as to allow the base to spread.
s1>.
up than usual,
the butter burr, Petasites vulyaris.
sb.
Gallon,
sb.
Gallowses,
suspenders. sb.
Galore, Galyore,
A
Game. by the
Game
is said to be or ear.
dog
tail
leg, sb. a
Gammel,
sb.
does not howl
if it
lame leg; a leg shorter than
silly fellow.
Gang ower (going over), Gang up the hous,' go on
,96.
'
game
i's
when
held up
fellow.
the back of the knee of a horse's hind leg.
an awkward,
sb.
Ganch,
abundance.
'
A
sore ganch of a craithur.'
a scolding.
to the best room or parlour, i. e. when the parlour is up a step from the passage or outer room. In some farmhouses, where the parlour is down a step, the expression used is Gang doon the hous' an' mine the step.' '
Gangway,
a frequented thoroughfare.
sb.
'
Oh, we live right in the
gangway.'
Gant, Gaunt,
sb.
Gant, Gaunt,
v.
sb.
Gapeseed, '
They came
Gar,
sb.
sb.
Gash,
yawn.
what one can
see or spy out in here just for gapeseed, for they
make
to
v.
Garron,
a yawn. to
;
what catches the had no erran'.'
eye.
or cause.
an old horse.
a rent or gap.
'
That cow has made a sore gasU in your
hedge.' sb. any material, such as flax or india-rubber, used to pack the joints of steam or water-pipes.
Gaskin, Gather,
to suppurate.
v.
Gathering,
Gavel,
Gaw,
sb.
sb.
sb.
Gatherup,
a suppuration. a wandering rag-man.
a gable.
a trap-dyke.
sb.
Also called a March.
HAMILTON'S Antrim,
1784.
Gawk,
sb.
an awkward person.
a stand at a racecourse ; a tall building from which a look-out can be had ; a staring looking building.
Gazebo,
sb.
Gazened,
sb.
"When the seams
article are opened said to be gazened.
Gelly cup,
sb.
of a boat, a barrel, or any wooden and gaping in consequence of heat or drought it is
a small
jam pot
or cup.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Gentle,
McSxiMix's
The large hawthorns growing singly and are hence called gentle thorns.
fairies.
Gentry bushes,
'
fairy thorns,' &c. let alone.
They
are sacred to the
'
good
and are therefore
people,'
an opprobrious term used in scolding matches.
sb.
Get, (1)
fairies,
Carrickferyits, 1823.
the
sb.
Gentry,
fairies.
43
He gets the name of Toal,' i. e. he is to be called. (2) His name is Mulgrew, but he gets Timony.' called Toal. '
v.
commonly
'
Get out of the sheugh,' get out Get yer heed in yer han',
v.
of the way.
to get a great scolding.
Get your lines, v. to be dismissed from employment. the sack and Get the bag. for
as
Get
haunt a person or place for the purpose of importuning or anything else.
to
v.
Ghost,
Same
money
Ghoster, sb. one who follows another person or hangs about for the purpose of asking for something. Giants' Graves,
Gib,
'
Gif,
sb.
cromlechs and kistvaens.
hook on the end of a peculiar pattern
a
sb. if.
I certainly will fight gif your honour bids me.' '
mutual giving and taking.
Giff-gaff,
of yard-stick.
Gig-ma-gog's Grave, mills, Co. of Antrim.
sb.
Giff-gaff
mak's guid
freens.'
a kistvaen between Coleraine and Bush-
'
I wouldn't give it to you if you were as big as Gildei-oy,' Gilderoy. a defiance. G. was a celebrated outlaw.
Gillaroo trout, sb. a large lake trout, gizzard like that of a fowl.
said tc have a
narrow channels among rocks.
Gillets, sb.
the fry of the coal-fish, Merlangus Carbonarius.
sb.
Gilpins,
commonly
fish. Harris (1744) says it is "a delicate small fish, spotted and shaped something like a trout. It is called here a ginkin, in the rivers of the 0. Galway a streamer, in some parts a graveling, and in the C. Kilkenny a gilloge."
Ginkin,
sb.
Ginling,
v.
a
catching fish under stones with the hands.
a noose. The noose which is made with a halter and put Girn, in a horse's mouth is called a girn. Pit a girn in his mooth.' (1) sb.
'
(2) v. to (3)
v.
snare trout, &c., with a noose.
to cry.
'
Stop that girning.'
ANNUM AND DOWN
44 '
cat's cousin,' said to a child that cries frecause.
Girny go gabby the quently without
much
Grlaikit, adj. thoughtless
Glaiks,
giddy.
;
a lever attached to a churn-staff,
sb.
is less
churning
Glam,
Glar, Glaur,
Glashan.
#b.
'
made a glam
I
at
it.'
slimy mud.
the coal
sb.
by use of which the
laborious.
a sudden snatch.
sb.
GLOSSARY.
Called
Merlangus carbonarius.
fish,
also
Blockan and Grey Lord. a kite (bird).
sb.
Gled,
Gleed
Glimin', Glipe,
sense, sb. a spark or grain of sense.
o'
v.
Glower,
looking out of the corner of one's eye.
an uncouth fellow.
sb. v.
to stare or look.
A
Go, or Gang, of water. go of water is two pails, as a person can carry at one time from the well.
i.
e.
as
much
Goak, Gouk, sb. a cuckoo. The bat, the bee, the butterflee, the cuckoo, and the gowk, The heather bleat, the mire snipe, hoo many birds is that ? '
Answer Twa.
Another form '
The cuckoo and the gouk, The lavrock and the lark, The heather bleat, the mire
How many '
Goat.
God
birds
would blow the horns
It
'
speed.
The back
of
'
:
God
is
that
off a
Three. '
goat
speed,'
snipe,
'
? :
said of a great storm.
any very
solitary
and unfre-
quented place. God's truth, the truth.
Going on a
stick, v.
walking by the help of a
stick.
Gold Head, sb. the pochard or red-headed Avidgeon. Down, 1744. Goldspring, Gooldspring,
sb.
Golly, sb. a ball or block of Called also a Nag.
Gomeril,
sb.
Gomus,
sb.
Good.
'
Good '
HARRIS, Co.
a goldfinch.
wood used
in the
game of
'
'
shinney.
a fool.
a stupid person or blockhead.
He's no good,' sb.
i.
forder, get on well.'
May you
e.
he
is
of no use or of no account.
a salutation to a
ploughman
or labourer,
meaning
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Good
'
lock, sb. a large quantity.
Ah,
that's nuthin'
4-J
;
gi'e
us a good
loci-:
Goose seam,
the goldfinch.
sb.
Gooldspring,
sb.
goose grease.
Goppen, Goapen, sb. the body a goppen o' meal.'
full of
hoth hands.
a greedy person. ,s>/>. In Belfast the called the boys of another yorbs.
Gorb,
Same
Gorb-eel.
Gorgy-mill-tree,
Gorsoon,
a
,*b.
as Culloch, q.
'
She gave the poor
boys of any one school
v.
a willow.
sb.
young
lad.
Gospel greedy, fond of going to church. or
Goving about,
Goving round,
v.
staring about in a stupid way.
Gowk storm. On the X.E. coast of Co. Antrim, " the peasantry look forward with the greatest interest every spring for what they call the gowk (cuckoo) storm, that takes place about the end of April or the beginning of May, when the note of this bird is heard. This storm, which is from the east, casts on the beach vast quantities of sea-wrack, which is used as manure for their potatoes." THOMPSON'S Nat. Hist, of Ireland. v.
to
Gowler,
zl>.
Gowl,
howl
;
a dog,
to cry in a /.
e.
howling way.
a howler.
Gowpin, sb. the painful beating Gra, liking for
;
affection.
'
I
or throbbing in a suppurating finger.
had no
Graden,
sb.
a coarse kind of oat-meal.
Graith,
sb.
horse harness.
Granny,
sb.
The granny
is
c/ra for
it.'
Obsolete.
a small sheaf composed of the last
remaining growing stalks of corn on a farm at harvest. The stalks are plaited together, and are cut down by the reapers throwing their reaping-hooks at it from a little distance. It is then carried home in triumph, and the person who has ctit it down puts it round the neck It is sometimes hung of the oldest woman of the farmer's family. up against the chimney brace,' where it remains till next harvest, when it gives place to the new granny. Also called the Churn and '
the Hare.
Granny
gills, sb.
Granny's needle,
head vermin. *b.
a hairy caterpillar
;
a dragon-fly.
Same
as
Deil's needle.
Graul, sb. a sea-fish resembling a young salmon. A half-grown fellow.
HARRIS (1744).
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
46
sb. a gratuity paid to ship carpenters when they have completed the repair of a vessel, on bringing her out of the graving
Graving bowl, dock.
Great, adj. intimate
As
'
confidential.
;
great as
inkle weavers,"
saying.
Greatly failed, adj. much impaired in health.
Great shakes,
adj.
much
he's not of
much consequence. consequence.
Greeshaw, Grushaw, a
Gregagh,
sb.
Grew, (1)
sb.
;
embers.
Same
the ballan wrasse.
fish,
as
Bavin,
q. r.
a greyhound. a tremor.
(2) sb.
Grewsome,
The
'
shudder.
(3) v. to
Grey,
glowing ashes
sb.
to weep.
v.
Greet,
'He's no great shakes'
adj. frightful
;
chile greived at its medicine.'
anything that makes one shudder.
the grey linnet.
sb.
Grin (corruption of grain), a small quantity. A'll no gi'e ye a taste.' sthroe.'
'
Gi'e us a
wee grin
o'
'
a ditch.
sb.
Gripe,
a kind of fairy about two feet high and very strong. He helps the farmers hi harvesting, threshing, &c., but takes offence if
Grogan,
sb.
any recompense be sb.
Groof,
Group,
offered him.
the front of the body.
sb. a
'
We found
him
lyin"
Grubs, sb. juvenile thieves of the street Arab kind, with the tops or marbles of school-boys.
Grumpy, Grunt,
Grup,
sb.
grounds
;
a
fish,
who run away
sediment.
adj. disagreeable in
sb.
his groof'
round the outside of the brick
sb. a backing of clay put lining of a well.
Grummel,
Grummles,
on
drain in a cow-house behind the cows.
manner.
the perch.
(1) sb. a grasp.
(2)
to grasp or grip.
v.
(3) v.
to catch
;
'
Eels
to overtake.
is '
gy
an'
ill
to yrup.'
She's gruppin'
on us
' :
said of one
boat gaining on another.
Gudge,
sb.
a short, thick, fat person.
'
He's just a gudye of a man.',
a loud, sudden shout, caused by anger or surprise. Guldher, ' I gave a yuldher at him, and he ran away.' (2) r. to shout loudly. (1) sb.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Gullet hole,
a deep hole in a sand or
6-6.
47
mud bank
dangerous to
bathers.
a butcher's knife
sb.
Gulley,
Gullion hole,
Gumph,
sb.
muddy Same
mud.
sb.
Gullions,
a
sb.
and, in derision, a butcher's boy.
;
hole
;
a cesspool.
as Gutters.
a stupid person.
Gumption, adj. quickness of understanding common-sense tact. It's like the man's gun, that wanted a new lock, stock, and Gun. said of anything that is quite barrel, some repairs, and a ram-rod worn out. ;
;
'
'
:
adj. taken
Gunked,
1
or
(funked,
'
aback; disappointed. 'Greatly gunhed,' 'sorely quarely gunked, are common ways in which this word is
used.
Same
as
Gunner,
sb. a
workman who
Be-gunked.
Gurly, adj. surly Gut,
s'b.
repairs fire-arms
;
a narrow navigable channel
Gutters,
.v&.
a gun-smith.
;
cross.
mud.
'
The
among sand-banks
was dhreepin'
gutthcrs
or rocks.
aff him,'
i.
e.
off a
horse.
Guzzle,
v.
to take
by the
Gyly, adi\ very well
;
Hackit hands,
sb. pi.
Hackle berry,
sit.
Haddin,
sb. a
throat '
Gy, or Gai, adv. very.
It's
;
gy
to
choke a person.
an' hot the day.'
in good health.
'
How
are
'
you?'
hands chapped from exposure
a growth on a horse's '
holding or
tak
'
Same
leg.
Cfyty.'
to cold. as
Angle-berry.
(take) of land.
Hadclin. sb. the wall in a cottage which faces the door, and in Avhich is the triangular or other shaped Same as Hollan. spy-hole.' '
Haen,
v.
had.
'
I should ha' haen
them things home
in the
cart.'
Haffets. sb. locks of hair growing at the temples.
Haft, v. to plug the teats of milch cows when they are brought to market, so that the udder becomes very full of milk, or to leave them unmilked for the same purpose.
Hag, v. to cut or chop a wheen o' sticks.' Haggle,
v.
Hag-yard, HaiL, hail
to sb.
sb. shot.
wont
;
to disfigure or spoil
'
by
cutting.
I hogged
wrangle over a bargain. a stack-yard. '
Sparrow hail
into his back.'
'
=
fine shot.
'
The whole charge of
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
48 Hain,
to save
v.
Also to save or spare oneself.
to economise.
;
'
Yo
hained yersel' the day.'
No
'
Hair.
a hair feared,' not a bit afraid. '
Deil a hait
Halt, anything. sb.
Haiverel, (1)
giddy
(2) adj.
=
'
nothing at
all.
a fellow half a fool. foolish.
;
Half away, adj. mad. Half natural, sb. a fool. Half one, Hef yin, Half-piece crock, Hallion,
the ordinary deep-shaped dairy crock.
a coarse, idle, worthless felloAV.
x?>.
sb.
Hames, Hems,
Hammer,
block,
the iron or wooden parts of a cart-horse's
and
objects is represented '
Han'.
doon the
It's
Hand,
sb.
Each
a boys' game.
Bible,
of
collar.
the three
by a boy. hill, an' wi'
the han'
'
said of a thing that
:
is
See Wi' the han'.
easily done.
Hanch,
a half-glass of whiskey.
sb.
sb.
'
a voracious snap.
(1) sb. a
The dog made a hand)
ham made from
at me.'
the fore-leg of a pig.
something spoiled, or broken, or dirtied; much the same If you let the chile get the book he'll make a as Sore hand, q. v. hand of it.' (3) To take a hand at a person is to make fun of him or mislead him. There, don't mind him he's only takin' a ban' at you.' (2) sb.
'
'
'
'
;
Hand
idle, a/7/, idle.
Handketcher,
Handle yer
sb.
feet,
'
They're band idle for want
o'
their tools.'
a handkerchief.
make good use
of
T
j
our
legs.
Hand ma
doon, a term for any article of clothing purchased secondhand or ready-made, from the fact of its being handed down by the The term stall-keeper for the inspection of the intending purchaser. is sometimes used in ridicule for any odd-looking garment. Whar did ye get that auld hand ma, doon of a coat ? Compare D:'croclte moi ca, the slang French term for an old clothes shop. '
'
Hand
over head, one with another, an expression used in selling, and meaning the putting an average value on a number of things that differ in value. Now how much a piece will you say for them, if I take the whole lot hand over head.' '
Hands. When the left palm itches you are going to receive some money, when the right itches you are going to pay money.
Handsaw.
'
Your
voice
is
like the sharpening of a
very harsh and disagi-eeable.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Hand's turn,
'
any work.
sb.
lie hasn't
49
done a hand's turn these
six mouths.'
Hand
write,
Hang,
v.
sb.
hang a scythe
to
'
hand- writing.
Whose hand
to attach
is
write is that
to its
it
'
sned
'
'
?
(handle) for
use. '
Hanging,
v.
Hangin' on
standing.
my
feet all day.'
On some
estates it is customary to allow one gale of Hanging gale. rent to lie always in arrear. This is called the hanging gale.
Hank,
See under Spangle and Lea.
a measure of linen yarn.
sb.
v. to
Han'le,
Hansel, (1)
hurry sb.
to exert oneself.
;
an early meal given
to farm-labourers before they
commenced work. The first purchase made from a 2) v.
dealer hansels him,
.
<.
brings luck.
Hansel Monday, the
Monday
first
Han'
stav, sb. the handle of a
Hap,
(1) sb.
See Flail.
flail.
a covering, as a cloak or a blanket. cover; to
(2) v. to
wrap up
in muffling or bed-clothes.
a call to a horse to turn to the
Hap aff, Hape of
dacency, much "
(1 )
Boys,
adj. close-fisted
(3) adj. strong
:
or right, side.
A had a hape o' dacency, first
come among
ye."
penurious.
;
'
(2) adj. quickly; fast.
Hard bowed,
off,
politeness or good manners.
When A
Hard,
of the year.
Now run
hard !
'
as applied to strong drink, whisky, &c.
adj. said of flax
when
the seed has formed.
Hardies, sb. broken stones used as road metal. breaking stones.
Hardy,
'
adj. frosty.
Hare, The,
sb.
It's
the last handful of growing corn at harvest.
lip.
Harey,
knowing
cunning
;
Harl, adj. a rough, coarse,
Harn,
v.
to
Harnishin,
Harp,
sb.
Nappin' hardies,'
a hardy mornin'.'
The Granny, q. v. Hare scart, sb. a hare adj.
'
(like a hare
Same
as
?).
field labourer.
harden bread on a griddle. sb.
harness.
an Irish shilling (temp.
Qd. sterling
money (HlLL's
Eliz. and Jas. I.) equal only to Plantation in Ulster).
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
50
Harrow goose, Down (1744). Hash,
a
'
'
bird mentioned
large
by
Harris, Hist. Co.
a lazy, untidy person.
sb.
Hasky, (1)
adj.
(2) adj. '
Haste.
*//.
husky; hoarse.
harsh
:
The more
applied to flax, fibre, &c. haste the worse speed, as the tailor said to the
long thread,' saying. 1
Hatterel, (1) He's all in a hatterel, i. e. his body is A hatterel o' weans.' a flock. (2) a great many ; '
all
over sores.
'
to hold.
Haud,
v.
Hand
awa', go away.
Haughle, v. to walk badly ; to hobble. I had no mind of Have no mind, to forget. Have you mind of that, Sam ?
'
'
I forgot
it
it.
'
'
Hawthery, Huthery,
Hay -bird, building
sb.
adj.
untidy
;
tossed.
the willow wren, so called from
its
using hay largely in
its nest. '
Hazelly, adj.
Light hazelly land,'
i.
e.
light,
poor
soil.
'Them
Hazerded, adj. half dried, as linen, &c., spread on grass. clothes are not dry at all they're only hazerded.' ;
'
!Xot a word out of your head.' 'Every (1) sb. used for mouth. tooth in my head was aching.' The doctor said he was never to have the milk away from his head.' This of a person who required constant nourishment.
Head,
'
'
(2)
He was
like to ate the head off me,'
L
e.
he was very angry
with me.
Hould up your head, there's money bid for you said as (3) encouragement to a bashful person. I got dismissed over the Over the head of,' on account of. (4) head of a letter the master got.' '
'
:
'
'
(5)
'
To stand over the head
of,'
to
warrant the quality or quantity
of anything.
Head
beetler, the foreman beetler in a beetling mill, man over workpeople.
and hence any
foreman or head
" An infant at its fall. birth is generally forced by the midwife to swallow spirits, and is immediately afterwards suspended by the upper jaw with her fore-finger ; this last operation is performed for the purpose of preventing a disease called head-fall. Many children die when one or two days old of the trismus nascentium, or a 'jaw-fall,' spasmodic disease peculiar to tropical climates; here, however, it is probably a dislocation caused by the above-mentioned barbarous practice." MASOX'S Parochial Survey, Parish of Culdaff,
Head
Co. of Donegal, 1816.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Heaghmost,
Hear
adj. highest. '
tell, v. to hear.
'
&c.
Did ever ye hear
' I could find in I couldn't find in
Heart.
51
tell o'
the like
heart to,' &c., i. e. I heart to leave her.'
my my
'
?
have the heart
1
Heart
'Measuring for the heart fever, a country charm. passed round the chest.
fever. is
tape
Heart
to,
A
lazy, adj. very lazy.
Heart's disease,
Heart
heart disease.
sb.
'
sick, adj. wearied
;
disgusted.
adj. cheerful
;
lively.
I'm heart sick of your goin's
on.'
Heartsome,
Heartsomeness,
sb.
cheerfulness.
Hear your noise
A
Heather
'
ears, to hear yourself speak. couldn't hear ma ears.'
the
sb.
bleat,
common
There was sich a
tar'ble
snipe.
Heatherling, sb. the twite or mountain linnet. Called also Heather Grey. He's very heavy on the strawberries,' i. e. he eats a great Heavy. many. A heavy drinker. '
Heavy-footed, adj. pregnant. '
sb. a weighty charge. She has a heavy handful :' widow who is left with a large family. Hech man, but ye're dreigh o' drawin',' i. e. faith Hech, faith. man, but you have been slow in coming to call. Same as Heth.
Heavy
handful,
said of a
'
Heddle,
sb.
part of a loom.
Heeler,
sb.
a sharp, prying, managing
Heel
in, v. to plant
safe
young
woman.
trees in a
temporary way, to keep them
convenient to plant them permanently.
till it is
They
are placed
in a slanting position.
Heel of a
loaf, the last bit of a loaf.
Heel of the hand, the part of the hand nearest the wrist. Heels foremost, dead. Never till A'm taken heels foremost .' Heir, v. To heir a person is to inherit his property. '
!
Heir skip, Hen.
'
sb.
Like a
inheritance. lien
on a hot
'
He
got
it
griddle,' a
by heir
skip.'
comparison for a very
restless
person.
Hen Hern
fish, sb.
cran,
the poor or power cod,
Hern
Herring hog,
nb.
crane,
sb.
Morrhua minuta.
the heron.
the bottle-nosed whale.
E
2
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
.?'
Het,
Heth,
'
heated.
v.
faith.
Same
He
Heth
'
over
no.'
'
Jiet
liimselV
Heth
'
aye.'
Heth
Lut you won't.'
an' soul,
as Feth.
Heugh,
' The Gobbin HeuyhsJ precipitous rocks a rocky height. at the east of the Co. of Antrim.
sb.
on the coast
Higglety-pigglety, in confusion. Hi-how, sb. the hedge parsley, Antliriscus sylvestris. Of the parts of the stem between the joints children make pluffers to pluff hawstones through. Children also make scouts,' i. e. squirts, of the stem of this plant. An instrument for producing a noise is also made. Could this sound have originated the curious name ? A correspondent says: "When we were wee fellows we used to make horns of the hi-hoiv." Called also Da-bo. Compare the Sco. hech-how. '
'
'
'
'
Hinch, (1) sb. the thigh. 'The corn was. that short a Jinny Wran might ha' sat on her hinches, an' picked the top pickle off.' (2) v. to throw stones by bringing the hand across the thigh. Hingin' lock,
sb.
a padlock.
Hingit, adj. drooping Hintin, Hint, sb.
Hippo,
sl>.
applied to flowers or plants.
:
the furrow in a ploughed field between the ridges.-
ipecacuanha.
Hip-roofed house, a house the roof of which has no gables. v.
Hirple,
to
walk lame.
Hisself, himself. to run.
Hitch,
v.
Hives,
sb. red, itchy, raised
spots on the skin.
to hoist.
Hize, Hoise,
v.
Hoag, Hogo,
sb.
a strong smell.
Hock, Hawk, Hough,
v.
to
throw stones under the thigh.
*
The hoges,' a boys' game played with peeries (peg-tops). victor is entitled to give a certain number of blows with the spike of his peerie to the wood part of his opponent's.
Hoges.
'
'
The
Hoggat, Hoggart,
sb.
a dry measure consisting of ten bushels.
(I
believe obsolete.) v. to hollow-out anything, such as a toy boat. out the earth from a rabbit hole.
Hoke,
Hokey Oh
!
hole.
sb.
dog hokes
an exclamation.
Hole and taw, a game of marbles. Holed, v. worn into holes, or suddenly Hollan,
A
a wall in a cottage.
Same
pierced. as
Haddin.
See under Spy-
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
53
sb. This name is applied to two birds the great northern diver and the red-throated diver. Same as Allan hawk.
Holland hawk,
Holy show, sb. a ridiculous or ahsurd made a holy show of himself.'
exhibition of oneself.
'
He
Honey, a term of endearment. the hinge or joint of a
sb.
Hooden,
flail.
Called also the Mid-
kipple.
Hooden
sheaves,
on the top of a Head sheaves.
Hook, Hyeuk,
sb.
Hudden '
stook
'
sb.
shaves,
the sheaves which are placed Also called
of corn to turn off the rain.
a reaping-hook.
(1) v. to gore.
Horn,
'
(2)
To have got the horn to saw the horns off
v.
(3)
in him,' to be slightly tipsy. cattle.
Applied to cattle which have had their horns sawed Same as Skulled or Polled,
Horned, off.
adj.-
Called Mackerel scout Horn-eel, sb. the garfish, Belone vulgans. at Strangford Lough, and Spearling at Portrush. a constable.
sb.
Horney,
Horn
ouzel, sb. a bird mentioned Co. of Down.
by Harris (1744)
Horse
elf stone, sb. a petrified sea urchin.
Horse
pipes,
Host,
sb.
Hot.
'
sb.
the great horse-tail, Equisetum
a large number.
'
I've a
You were
as
maximum.
whole host of things to do/ '
hot in the house said to persons in wet or inclement days without apparent reason. :
'
It's the last hough in the pot,' particularly anything to eat.
Hough,
(1)
(2) v. to
i. e.
who come
out
the last of anything,
hamstring.
a person who walks hi an awkward, He's a sore houghel of a craithur.' Houldin', sb. something held, such as a farm.
Houghel,
found in the
sb.
loose,
clumsy way.
'
' When I first seen them they were in hoults? Hoults, holds. they were grappling with each other.
i.
<>.
Houl' yer han', stop work for a moment. Houl' yer loof, i. e. hold out your hand: an expression used in bargaining at markets.
Houl' yer tongue, be Houl' yer whisht, be
Hoved
silent.
silent.
up. swollen; inflated.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
54 Hovel,
si.
the stand on which a corn rick
is built.
the broad stone, or piece of iron, laid on the top of Hovel-cap, each pillar of a hovel' to prevent rats, &c., from climbing up to the sb.
'
grain.
How-an'-divir, however.
How are you comin' on ? how do you do How do you come on ? how do you do How do you get your health? a common salutation, meaning how '
'
1
1
do you do
?
Howziver, however. Hulge, any large unshapely mass.
Same
limbed horse.
as
'
'
A
a loose-
Imlfje of a horse,'
a wallop of a horse.'
sb. a morsel of food masticated by a nurse, and then put into an infant's mouth.
Hum,
Hummin',
a shapeless heap
sb.
Humplock, '
Hungry.
feeding a child with 'hums.'
v.
A
hungry eye sees
:
applied to a badly-built hayrick.
far,'
saying.
When
sb.
some
sb.
an empty, craving stomach.
a person treads on it in the plant. grass, he is seized with an intolerable hunger and weakness. A crop of hungry grass is said to spring up if persons who have dined in the fields do not throw some of the fragments away for the fairies.
Hungry fields
Hungry Hungry
heart,
Hunker,
v.
land, poor, sandy to '
Hunkers.
To
Hunt ago wk,
soil.
crouch on the ground with the heels under the hams.
sb.
sit
1
on
one's hunkers, is the
same as
'
to hunker.'
a person sent on a fool's errand.
Hunter, sb. A cat that is a good mouser was a right hunter : said of a kitten.
a hunter.
is
'
Her mother
'
call to a horse to go right or off side.
Hup, a
Hup hup !
!
call to a
horse to go to the
a car-driver's cry to get out of the way.
Hurlbassey, sb. a stormy weather.
Hurly,
on; a
(1) sb. a
game
(2) sb. a long,
Hurly burly,
which when it is seen near the moon HcSKiMLx's Hist. Carrickfergits.
star
;
hockey.
'
as
Shinney or Common.
low cart with two wheels. a boys' game.
*b.
Same
foretells
In
it
the following
rhyme
Hurly-burly, trumpy trace The cow stands in the market-place ;
Some goes far, and some goes near, Where shall this poor sinner steer ?
'
;
is
used
:
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
55 Called
Hurries, The, sb. a term for the Irish Rebellion of 1798. also the Turn-out,
Hurrish, Thurry, a (1) sb. a
Hurry,
'
(2)
call to pigs.
row or
fight
;
a quarrel.
Take your hurry? or
Take yer Imrry
'
in yer han',' take
your time. Hurstle, Hurstling, the sound of rough breathing caused by mucus in the air passages.
Hush,
to drive a flock of fowl, saying at the
'
same time, Hush,
Sometimes Whush, or Wheeshoo.
Hut, tut
Hy
an exclamation of impatience.
!
sb. a
spy,
boys' game.
I, adv. yes.
I-dent, adj. diligent sb.
Idleset, '
work
off
There wasn't
hard-working
;
much
;
attentive.
;
'
idle time.
'
'
idleset.
you went away.'
idleset since
If I know, I don't know.
The horse was kept
Deed
if
I knoiv when
he's commin'.'
Ignorant, adj. wanting in manners. Il-convainient, Onconvainient, adj. inconvenient. '
Ill, adj. difficult.
That
'
Ill done,
wrong.
It
stuff's ill to grind.'
was very
ill
done of you to go
there.'
Illfaured, adj. ill-favoured; ugly. Ill-like, adj. ugly.
Ill
put on, badly or
carelessly dressed
Ill to learn, difficult to teach.
'
said of a person.
:
I wasn't
ill
when
to learn
I
was
young.' Ill willie, 111 wullie, adj. disobliging
;
not willing to share any-
thing with neighbours.
Immaydiantly, adv. immediately. Impedent, adj. impudent. Impediment, sb. 'There was a man there who had an impediment; he had lost more than the half of his hand.' I'm sure indeed really !
first
!
!
' a running sore: What wi' an income in ma knee.'
Income,
sb.
In coorse, of course. In Ieed-an'- doubles, a strong way
makes you lame 1
of saying indeed.
'
'A
tuk'
it
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
5fi
India buck,
meal or porridge made from Indian corn (maize).
sb.
Infair. sb. the bringing
me
a year's wages.' '
home
He was
a good industrious.
of a bride.
a simpleton.
sb.
Innocent,
indue
an industrious person.
sb.
Industrious,
He was
'
Indue, adv. due.
l
' I put up at the head inns.' Inns, sb. inn. and show, stayed at the inns.'
Same
Innundher, adv. underneath.
He went
to the horse
Annundher.
as
In or over, near about any fixed date or any exact quantity.
The ins and outs Ins and outs. known about a thing. '
v.
Insense,
Inshave,
'
to explain.
sb.
Come
'
of anything,
here,
and
I'll
i.
e.
insense
all
that can
you into
l>e
it.'
a cooper's tool, like a drawing knife, but curved.
In the inside of an hour, within an hour. Intill, prep. into. '
It's lone, alone.
Can the
chile
me all *my time, i. me very busy to do it.
It took
kept
Ivory,
found
ifc
very
difficult to
do
;
it
is
sometimes called jaw.
a sea with small broken waves.
sb.
Jabble,
Jack in the box, sb.
Jacks, (1)
Jack
the wild arum.
parts of a loom.
white pebbles, called
game played with
five
wee
jagged
stones.'
Jag, (1) (2)
*&.
a children's
(2) sb. '
I
'
'lone ?
sb. ivy.
This letter
J.
e.
go ifs
sb.
a prick.
to prick.
v.
'
A
bit o* spruce
fir
me
in the sight o
the eye.' v.
Jap, Jaup, Japs,
Jaw,
to splash water.
sb.
splashes or sparks of water or
(1)
v.
(2) sb.
Jaw
tub,
Jay,
si.
occur.
to talk in
saucy talk.
Jaw
box,
an offensive way
Same sb.
as
Back
mud.
;
to give saucy answers.
talk.
a scullery sink.
the missel thrush
is
called the
jay
here.
The jay does not
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
J?
Jeesey, adj. juicy.
Jennerwerry, January. to dandle a baby.
v.
Jig, (1)
To jig for herrings is to catch herrings by means of an (2) apparatus composed of a number of wires with fish-hooks attached. The jig is lowered into the sea where the fish are numerous, and is jigged up and down. Any herrings that come in contact with the hooks are caught and pulled into the boat. Jigger, sb. a sail that projects over the stern of a boat, set on a short mast called the 'jigger mast.' v.
.
Jing-bang, sb. a number of people. whole jing-bang of them.' f
Jingle,
I don't care a pin about the
gravel.
A
'
Jinnys.
pair ofjinnys,' a pair of callipers.
creaking, as shoes.
sb.
Jirging,
'
Job of work, anything
'
to do.
I hav'n't
had a job of work
this
month.' a push or nudge.
sb.
Jog,
to rock
v.
Joggle,
;
to
be unsteady.
the projecting pieces of wood left at the ends of a Joggles, wooden cistern, or at the end of a window-sash. sb.
Johnny Nod. children who
Johnny Nod
is
creeping
are very sleepy, but
who
up your back
don't wish
to
go
'
said to
:
to bed.
a giant.
sb.
Joiant,
'
Joice, sb. a joist.
Join, (1) sb. a number of farmers, generally from eight to twelve, who " join together for the purpose of making cheese. Each/oji has vats, tubs, pans, and the like implements, which are kept Tip at the expence of the whole." flist. Carrickfergus, 1823. Also a number of persons who join together for the purpose of purchasing drink for a carouse. (2)
to
v.
Jotther,
sb.
commence work. a small quantity or dash of a liquid,
i.
e.
'
a jottlier
o'
whisky.' Joult, Jolt, sb. a lump.
Juke, off
'
A joult
of meat.'
head suddenly, so as to avoid a blow to turn quickly when running away to hide round a corner. Same as v.
to stoop the
;
;
Duke. Jukery,
sb.
Juke the
roguery.
beetle,
make
sb.
a
lump
in stirabout, or in
'
champ."
a hole in stone for blasting purposes with a Juniper Jump, The steel bar is jumped up and down, or is struck with a (q. v.). hammer, till the hole has been sunk the required depth. v.
to
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
58
kind of maggot in meat.
(1) sb. a
Jumper,
a bar of steel or iron used at a quarry for boring a hole (2) in the rock to receive a charge of powder for blasting. sb.
of a goose jack, si. the breast-bone with cobbler's wax, a string, and a stick.
Jump
made
into a child's toy,
(1) sb. a push.
Jundy, (2)
to jostle
v.
;
to gush.
a cart-load of flax offered for sale, which it is suspected is Jurr, not the genuine production of the farmer, but has been manipulated by some unscrupulous dealer, is called ajurr, or ajurred load. sb.
Jute of tea,
Kail runt,
sb.
a cabbage stalk.
a friendly evening visit.
sb.
Kailyee,
a small quantity of tea.
sb.
Kaimin' kaim,
sb.
an ivory or
'
fine-tooth
'
comb.
Also applied to to toss the head, as a horse does. Kaivel, Kevel, the same kind of gesture in a person. Watch the way yon girl kaivels her heed.' v.
'
sb. a small iron pan used for holding the melted grease from which rushlights were made. A mould for casting several small
Kam,
bullets at once, or for casting small articles in.
Kash,
a bog road, or causeway of uncut turf.
sb.
sb.
Keckle,
a smothered laugh.
silk, or woollen material, or flax, an ink-bottle, and then saturated with ink. The pen is supplied by coming in contact with the keddis, and if the bottle is sb.
Keddis,
a small quantity of
stuffed into
overset the ink does not
Keed,
Keek, Keel,
'
cud.
sb.
Chow
spill.
the IteedJ
to peep.
v.
sb.
ruddle, a red earthy substance.
Keel men,
sb. the term for a class of illiterate buyers, who used to attend the country linen markets. When one of them purchased a web of brown hand-loom linen, he marked with a piece of 'keel,' on the outside lap, some obscure characters, which were to the keel man a record of the cost price, &c.
Keen,
(1) adj.
(2) sb.
(3) v. it
v.
'
;
eager.
She's keen to be married.'
a cry of lamentation over a corpse. to wail or cry over a When I heard the ban-shee corpse. '
was just
Keenk,
anxious
to
like
an old
cough
;
woman
keenying.'
to laugh in a convulsive
way.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. v. to
Keep company,
59
be lovers.
the hedge parsley. Keeshion, Keeve, sb. a large tub used in bleach works, &c. sf>.
Kell,
the debris of the skin.
sb.
the ash of burnt seaweed, of value for the alkali and iodine contained in it. sb.
Kelp,
Kemp-stone, sb. a large cromlech near Dundonald, Co. of Down. Ken, v. to know. Kennel,
to kindle.
v.
Kenspeckled, sb.
Keos,
Kep,
tricks
funny
to catch
v.
jokes
to stop
;
sb. fleecy
Kerries,
;
;
easily recognised.
nonsense.
;
the rootlets of the potato plant.
sb.
Keous,
remarkable looking
adj.
;
to
head or turn back any animal. See Carry of the sky.
driving clouds.
Kettle-bellied, adj. big bellied.
Kib, sb. a kind of spade used in stony or hilly ground where a plough cannot work. It is very narrow and thick.
Kilmaddy, Kilt,
the fishing frog, Loplrius piscatorius.
sb.
The wean's
badly hurt.
v.
Kimlin,
sb.
Kindlin',
a small
wooden
sb.
vessel,
used for dressing butter
in.
sb. fuel.
King of the mullet, White Mullet. Kink,
kilt:
a fish, the basse,
Labrax Lupus.
Called also
a twist in a rope or chain.
Kink, Keenk,
sb.
a paroxysm of coughing or of laughter.
Kipple, *sb. the coupling of the frame of a roof.
Kipple butt,
sb.
that part of the principal of a roof which rests on
the wall.
Kisses, sb. small sweetmeats rolled of coloured paper. Kist,
sb.
a piece
a chest.
Kitchen, (1) to butter's
sb.
no
anything eaten as a relish with other food.
'
Butter
kitchen,' saying.
(2) v. to save or
Kitlin,
up along with mottoes in
husband anything
carefully.
sb. a kitten.
Kittagh handed, left-handed.
known
as Coll Kittagli.
Colla Macdonnell (circa 1600)
is
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
6()
to bring forth kittens fishes spawn and others kittle.'
Kittle,
v.
A
Kittling, adj.
;
to bring forth
hare with young
is
Knab,
to snatch
Knap,
v.
to strike repeated blows, as
Knapsack
;
'
Some
'
alive.
kittling hare.'
to steal.
v.
up
called a
young
with a hammer.
breed, children born in the army.
Knockin' trough, sb. a large mortar made of stone, formerly used The mell It held about twenty quarts. for pounding barley in. used was of wood.
'
'
Knowd, Nowd, sb. the grey gurnard, Knowe, sb. a knoll a small hill.
Trigla gurnardus.
;
sb.
Knowin',
wee
a
knowing
;
just
knotvin' o whisky.'
Knowledgible,
what could be "Pigs
knowing. OLLMINICK.
adj.
people think."
'
perceived.
is
;
Krittity, adj. of uncertain temper sb.
cows.
Lab,
sb.
a
game of marbles. To labour a field,' '
Labour,
v.
Lachter,
sb.
;
skittish
sb.
Laimeter, Lamiter,
;
;
unreliable.
it.
sb.
call to geese.
a lame person.
A
sb.
cross
a quantity.
man or horse is said to lair Lair, sb. snow, and cannot extricate himself. Laivins,
any animal that has
a wet day.
Lag, lag, Leg, leg, the
Lamed
;
;
to dig it or cultivate
a brood of chickens, &c.
Lacken day,
took a
a dale Tmowledyibler nor
Knur, sb. a dwarf anything small or dwarfish become stunted in his growth. Kye,
We
-.
when he
sinks in
mud
or
the refuse.
to the ground.
which has lamed me
to the
'I got a stab of a bayonet in the groin, ground.'
It's a most lament' Lament'able, adj. unpleasant ; disagreeable. ulle wet day.' The smell of the fish was most lamentable? '
'
Lammas
floods, sb.
heavy rains which are expected about the
first
of
August.
Land, sb. cultivated land or pasture, as opposed to a road. on the land, i. e. come off the road into the fields.
'
Come
1
Landed, '
v. arrived
I gave
bush.'
'
;
him won
placed.
I landed off the car at six o'clock.' him into the middle of a whin-
skite, an' funded
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
61
Langle, (1) sb. A 'sheep's langle' is a short piece of any kind of The loops are passed over the rope, with a slip knot at each end. fore and hind leg of a sheep. The animal is thus lanqled, and cannot go over fences. Hence the saying, He goes out of the langle, applied to a person who goes on the spree occasionally. 1
'
(2) v. to tie the hind foot to prevent it straying far.
Lap, or Lapcock, Cole of hay. to roll
v.
Lap,
Lapped
a small
sb.
'
fore foot of
roll of grass
it
They lap
grass.
an animal together,
Same
cut for hay.
as a
from the swathe.'
up, wrapped up. a lobster.
sb.
Lapsther,
Lark
up
and the
having long heels
sb.
heeled,
Lash, (1) sb. a large quantity. from them.' (2) v. to sb.
Lashins,
'
a term of derisien.
:
The master bought a
lash
o'
things
throw anything down violently. '
plenty.
Lash, wheat,
v.
Lashins and
lavins,'
to beat the grains of
more than
plenty.
wheat out of the
ears.
Last day. I wouldn't have lifted it, not if it had lay e. I would never have taken it. day in the afternoon,' '
till
the last
?'.
Latter end, '
Laugh.
sb.
it
e.
latter
Laugh with the wrong
Laughin' sport, i.
The
'
the end.
sb.
end of the week.'
side of
your mouth
'
= to cry.
'
sport
;
more
will turn out
You'll find it no laughin' sport,' fun. serious than you expect.
' Ye may have the lave o't.' remainder; the rest. (2) v to lift or throw water out of a pool by means of anything, such as a bucket or scoop.
Lave,
(1) sb. the .
;
also a hare.
To take the law
'
v. '
Laws.
a lark
sb.
Laverock,
Law,
'
of a person
is
to go to
law with him.
the laws,' a mild oath.
By Lay a finger on, to touch, in the way of hurting or harming. Lay down yer bone, v. to work hard or earnestly. Lay Lazy
out,
v.
to arrange
led, sb.
;
to plan.
'
I laid myself out to do
it.'
a broad ridge of potatoes. '
'
sb. a measure of linen yarn. Same as Cut. The ' lea or ' cut contains 300 yards, a 'hank' contains 12 'cuts,' and a 'bundle' of
Lea,
yarn 200
Leagh,
v.
'
cuts.'
low.
Leagh the
brae, at the foot of the
hill.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
62 Leal, adj. loyal
;
true
;
faithful.
Leap the bullock, a boys' game. Same as Leap-frog. Leasing, sb. a twisted thread of cotton or flax used for tying the '
'
cuts
of liuen yarn.
such as
v. putting in order or disentangling anything, thread, that has been tossed or tangled.
Leasing,
Leather winged bat, a bat. Leave over v. stop desist !
!
'
Lees.
Lemon Lend,
!
I hav'n't got the Ices of you,'
sole, sb. the '
a loan.
sb.
Lerk, Lurk,
I don't comprehend you.
lemon dab, Platena microcephala.
me
Give
the lend of
a wrinkle or fold.
sb.
i. e.
'
it.'
The
child's that fat I can't get
dryin' all his lerks.' '
adj. wrinkled.
Lerked,
The uppers
of your boots
Let, v. to hinder ; to interfere with. &c. Don't let the game.'
is all lerfwd.'
A boy's term
in ball-playing,
'
'
Let alone,
besides.
Let on,
show knowledge
'
to
Don't
Libel,
let oil,'
i.
e.
I
fell
don't
in
and got hurt,
of a thing.
'
let
a small, loose piece of something.
Lick, (1)
sb.
a blow.
Lieve,
on I seen him.'
a label.
sb.
sb.
(2)
let
tell.
Libbock,
v. to
sb.
Licking,
alone bein' all wet.'
I never
beat.
a beating.
lief.
Lift, (1) sb. the
bend in the shaft or blade of a spade. lift,' i. e. with the shaft more bent.
'
I would like
a spade with more
subscriptions, &c. Lift it and lay it like the lugs of a laverock applied when persons make frequent changes, such as moving things about from one place to another. Come here to I lift you said in derision or in fun to a person (4) (2) v. to collect, as tickets,
'
'
(3) v.
:
'
'
:
who has
fallen
down.
(5) v. to start a funeral.
Lift yer han',
Lig,
v.
to lie
let his
:
v.
to strike.
What
'
'
a boy's term in playing marbles.
marble
'
time do they lift ? Wud ye lift yer han' to a '
woman 1
Let him
lig,'
i.
'
e.
lie.
'Old light,' 'new light,' the terms for two sects of Presbyterians. The former subscribe the Westminster 'Confession, the latter arc principally Unitarians.
Light, adj.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
63
Light. '
Light, light, low, butterfly low.'
The children
Sung by Like.
Like
What
'
are chasing butterflies.
he ?'
like is
i.
words thus
applied to frightened like.' is
'
He
e.
what '
:
I'm
is
all
he like
]
tremblin' '
seems careless
know what, a vague hum an air.
Like I don't
like.'
but
like.'
Summer
common
'
He was
all
like.'
comparison.
to sing or
v.
Lilt,
who
flexible
Limber, adj. Limner,
light
;
;
a portrait painter
sb.
frail. :
hence sometimes applied to a photo-
grapher. coley, sb. a boys' game.
Limpy
sb.
Line, (1)
Linen
dressed
flax.
The new roads are
a road.
(2) sb.
so called. '
a lease granted under the provisions of the Linen Act.' It was for lives, renewable, and provided for the keeping of a certain number of looms on the farm. lease, sb.
When
Lines, (1)
he
district
a dispensary doctor is engaged making calls in his to be out on linet, i. e. when he has received a line
is said
or order. (2) sb. a discharge given to a
Line yarn,
sb.
worker or servant.
yarn made from flax that lias been dressed and sorted, and run in one direction.
so that the fibres are long
Heather, Erica cinerea,
sb.
Ling,
to beat
v.
Linge,
sb.
Linging,
Lingo
;
to chastise
especially called liny.
to lunge.
a beating.
Lingoes),
(pi.
;
is
a long, thin weight of wire used in Jacquard
sb.
looms.
Lint,
sb. flax.
Lint-hole, sb. a pit or
Lint-white,
sb.
dam
for steeping flax.
a linnet.
Lint-white, adj. very white.
Linty, Lip,
sb.
a linnet. '
sb.
Give us none of your
lip,'
i. e.
impudent
talk.
Same
as
Jaw. Lippen,
v.
to trust
it.'
Lisk,
sb.
the groin.
;
to
depend
on.
'
I wouldn't lippen her to carry
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
G4
the layers of a slaty rock an orange.
sb.
Liths,
the layers of an onion
;
the
;
divisions of
Lithy, adj. flaky
Loaden,
coul', a
Lock,
I
heavy '
a quantity.
sb.
was told
up with
to loaden
v.
spit,
Same
cold.
A
lock.'
big
'
take lockjaw.
v. to
Lockjaw,
Lock
'
flax.'
as
Morth
o'
coul.
a country lane.
sb.
Loaning,
in layers.
adj. loaded.
Leadened,
Load of
;
to load.
v.
to
mark
He
'
A
wee
lock.'
lockjawed.'
the boundaries of land by cutting a slight
off
furrow.
Lodged, rain
is
adj. Growing corn that has said to be lodged.
been laid by the wind and
Loghter, Lughter, sb. a handful of growing corn, or crop of any kind cut with, a reaping-hook.
Loke
'
Long.
Long Long
sb.
smell,
a nasty, sickening smell.
The long eleventh
last, the very
of June,' a saying.
'Well, at long last he did
last.
it.'
with several hundred hooks.
line, sb. a fishing line called a Bulter -^
Also
.
Longsome, Loof,
adj. tedious
slow.
;
a great, loose, indolent fellow. the open hand. They're scuddin' loofs an' buyin','
sb.
Looby,
sb.
'
i. e.
they are striking hands over their bargains.
Look,
v.
to search.
'
Away '
Loose, adj. unoccupied.
an' look the child's head.'
I
want
to see the mistress
when
she's
loose.'
Loot your broos, Loss,
Lossin
to look sulky.
to lose.
v. 1
losing), v.
(i. e.
the want
o'
going to the bad.
'
Them
childre's lossin' for
see afther them.'
somebuddy cold wet perished. t'
Come in, chile, out o' the cowl' ; ; Och, ye craythur, ye'll be lost if ye go out the day.' Loughry men, a race of small hairy people living in the woods. It is said that they would get your gold.' They are very strong.
Lost, adj. yer lost.'
'
;
'
'
* Lonin, adj. hot. My ears are louin.' Loun, sb. a boy ; a low, idle fellow.
Loup, Louse.
v.
to '
jump.
They wad skin
a louse
'
:
said of very grasping people.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Low,
a flame.
sb.
Low come touT
ya
off, sb.
'
a low expression ; an offensive remark. dog, an' A sayd to them, it's a low come
ma wee
me
to ate to say the like
Lown day, Lown yer
o'
They off in
that.'
a calm day.
'
Lowze,
65
crack,' speak lower.
to loosen.
v.
Lozenger, sb. a lozenge. Luck. It was more by good luck than good guiding,' saying. Lucky, adj. full ; something over in count or measure. '
Lucky Lucky
more than
half, rather
half.
stones, sb. small pebbles of hard, white limestone, which have been perforated by a sea- worm. They are found on the beach, and when the perforations extend in such a way that a string could be passed through the stone, and it could thus be suspended round
the neck,
called a lucky stone.
it is
Lue warm, luke warm. (1) sb. the lob- worm, Arenicola piscatorum, a large sea- worm for bait.
Lug,
(2)
sb.
the ear
used
the ear at the side of a can or bucket.
;
a boys' game. In this game the boys lead each other Luggie, about by the lugs,' i. e. ears, hence the name. sb.
'
Lump, (2)
Lump
(1) sb.
'
it.
up with
anything big. '
a quantity.
sb.
If
A
you don't
'A lump lump
like it
of a
girl.'
of people.'
you can lump
it,' i. e.
you must put
it.
Luppen shinnen,
sb.
Lurgan, Lurg, Lurk,
a started sinew. sb.
a whitish, very active sea-worm used for
bait.
Lusty, adj. healthy looking. He's lying these two months.' Lying, adj. sick. heads and thraws, lying in different directions. Lying '
Lythe,
(1) sb. a fish, the pollack,
(2) v. to
Lything, (2)
v.
Merlangus pollacldus.
thicken broth with flour or meal.
(1) sb. flour or
meal put into broth to thicken
it.
fishing for Lythe.
Machine, sb. anj Kind of conveyance, such as a carriage, car, &c. Mackerel - cock, sb. a sea bird, the Manx shearwater, Puffinus anglorum.
F
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
66
sb.
Mackerel-scout,
Mad,
Mad
the gar
Same
fish.
as Horn-eel.
adj. angry.
angry, very angry
Magnify,
raging.
;
v. to signify.
'
That hurt won't magnify.
1
Mailie, Mailie, a call to a pet sheep.
Mails, sb. pi. small perforated scales used in Jacquard weaving.
Maist feck,
Make,
v.
moan
Make Make To
of copper or other metal
the greater part.
sb.
'
to attempt; to offer.
Make moan,
made
to pity.
v.
'
He made
When
to strike me.'
you've tooth ache they
make no
for you.'
to
off, v.
run away.
to accost a person with a view of making acquaintance. be attentive to, or to make love to a person.
up,
v.
You'll be a man before your mother,' said to comfort a boy in trouble. Man alive an impatient mode of address.
Man.
'
little
!
Man-big,
adj. full
grown ; the
man.
size of a
a water newt, Lissotriton punctatus. It Mankeeper, Mancreeper, is said that mankeepers will creep down the throat of a person who falls asleep near any water where they are. sb.
' v. to prepare. The It's hard to manner that ground.' land will be well mannered by the frost.' Flax is said to be wellma nnered, or the reverse, according to its having been carefully Flax treated, or the reverse, in the various processes of preparation. is passed through rollers to manner it for the scutchers. '
Manner,
Man
'
or mortal, any one.
Mansworn,
Now
don't
tell this to
man
or mortal.'
adj. perjured.
Manx
puffin, sb. the 1744).
Manx
shearwater,
PuMnus anglorum (HARRIS,
Many's the time, many a time. Map, sb. a mop. March, (1) sb. a boundary of land. (2) v. to border on ; to be contiguous marches with his.'
March
dike,
to.
'
This
is
where
my land
the dike (fence) between adjoining farms or town-
sb.
lands.
Margy more,
sb.
a
the big market,
man who
Marksman, to make his mark. sb.
i. e.
the market before Christmas.
cannot write his name, and has therefore
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
He could hardly the ground, put foot to the ground. ground : said of a horse that was very lame.
Mark the
'
mark
'
She was married upon
'
Marred,
hindered
v.
;
interfered with.
Married upon, Married on, a
67
man
married
v.
to.
HcKee.'
call
they
v. to lend men or horses for lahour to a neighhour, and to receive a similar loan in return when needed. Same as To neighbour.
Marrow,
a marble.
sb.
Marvel,
Masheroon,
a mushroom.
sb.
sb. roots of 'silver-weed' (Potentilla roasted and eaten. It tastes much like a
Mashy-corns, Mash-corns,
The
anserina).
root
is
parsnip (TATE's Flora Belfastiensis). '
Mass.
If ye missed mass ye hut the gatherin','
*. e.
you nearly did
something. '
sir ; a term of address. the day, master ?
Master,
Are you wanting any bog-wood
'
meat
sb.
Mate, mate
now
at
;
i.
e.
Material, adj. good
Maug.
to
v.
Maunder,
;
excellent. *
walk away.
v.
*
food of any kind.
The
horse dos'nt take his
all.'
to talk in a
Maug
'
A material cow.'
off
with you.'
wandering way.
Maunna, Mammae, v. must not. Mavis (pron. maivis), sb. a thrush.
'
You
can sing like a mavis,' a
saying, generally used satirically.
May be that Oh indeed May flower, sb. the marsh marigold, Caltha palustris. May I never stir, an appeal, used to give force to any statement. May jack, sb. the whimbrel. It is erroneously believed to be the !
of the ciirlew.
young
May
shell, sb. the '
Mays.
Meal
ark,
sb.
sb.
Mean.
a meal
sb.
Mealy-mouthed, '
cuttle fish, Sepia officinalis.
and 12th of May.
the food taken at one meal.
;
oatmeal, fried in dripping.
adj.
shy
when something As mean as get '
1st
a large chest or bin for holding a store of meal.
Mealy-crushy, plainly
bone of a
Between the two Mays,' between the
Meal's meat,
Means.
!
!
;
Same
backward in asking
;
as
Durgan.
not speaking out
disagreeable has to be said. out,'
Not by no manner
very mean. of means,'
i. e.
by no means. F 2
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
68
Meat and Mense,
food,
and manners or
"Ye
politeness.
shud
still
whatiwer's goin', if lie diz, why A wish him his health, an' much good may it do him ; if not ye hae yer meat and mense both," OLLMINICK.
ax a
frien'
'
Meckin'.
Meddle,
Meg,
take a bit
t'
o'
Meckiri a chimley
o' '
to hurt or annoy.
?;.
yer mooth,' smoking.
The dog won't meddle
a boy's term for a bad old
sb.
i. e.
peerie,'
The white meer come oot white mare had been in a cavalry regiment.
Meer,
sb.
'
a mare.
Meerin, Mearing,
you.'
peg-top.
a centipede.
sb.
Meg-many-feet,
'
sb.
o'
some ermy,'
i. e.
the
a land boundary.
the quantity of meal ground at one time for a person ; a Melder, I've eaten a melder,' i. e. I've eaten too much. large vague quantity. sb.
'
Mell whims,
whins
to bruise
v.
(furze)
with a mallet or
'
beetle,' for
cattle feeding.
the milt, or soft roe of a
sb.
Melt, (1)
fish.
'
the tongue. Keep in your melt' (2) slang, of I'll knock melt out the you,' a threat. (3) sb.
.
'
Ment,
v.
Meout, '
mended.
sb.
Don't
a contemptuous term for a
Messen,
sb.
Mich,
to play truant.
Mid
v.
kipple,
Midden,
sb.
part of a
sb.
a
Miles, Milds,
sb.
lift, sb.
move a heavy Miller's
and
Same
flail.
manure heap, or
Midge's knee-buckle,
Miller's
o'
the childre.'
little
as
person of either sex.
Hooden.
pit.
a very small article.
sb.
a wild plant used as spinach, Chenopodium album.
an upward thrust with the point of a crowbar, to object forwards.
thumb,
sb.
two small
sea fishes are so called, Coitus scorpius,
C. lullalis.
Mill eye. 'Hot from the mill freshly made.
Mim, Mimsey, Mind,
meout out
' a slight sound. There wasn't a a meout out o' you.'
let
adj.
(3) v. to
a
comparison for something
prim ; prudish.
'Now mind me
(1) v. to remind.
(2) v. to observe.
eye,'
'
remember.
'
of that to-morrow.'
d'ye mind the way she's walkin'.' I mind the time,' a common beginning
See
!
a story. 'I don't mind much about don't remember much, &c.
my
father being killed'
=
to
I
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. '
(4) sb. recollection.
I hadn't a bit
I was a mind to ha' done
'
(5)
I had no mind,'
'
(6)
i. e.
mind
it,' i. e.
of
69
it.'
I intended to do
it.
I forgot.
Mint, v. to beat to aim a blow at ; to hit with a stone ; to hurt. Mint the gowler,' i. e. hit the dog with a stone or anything. " He misdoubted there wud be Misdoubt, v. to doubt to suspect. blood dhrawed somewhere or another." OLLMINICK. ;
'
;
a miser.
sb.
Misert,
Misertly, ad. miserly. to neglect.
v.
Mislippen,
Mislippened, adj. neglected
Mismay,
not cared
for.
'
A mislippened
child.'
to molest.
v.
Mislist,
;
to
v.
annoy
to disturb.
;
' There's not much misses you,' i. Misses, v. that thing goes on.' Miss yer fat, to make a false step ; to stumble. '
wife.
sb.
Mistress,
you
e.
notice every
His mistress opened the door to me,'
i. e.
his wife.
a drizzle.
sb.
Mizzle, (1)
(2) v. to drizzle; to
Moan,
v.
Moan you a Moat,
to disappear.
hair, pity
you in the
least.
an earthen mound, or tumulus.
sb.
Mockin'
run away;
to pity.
A
catchin', i. e. mocking is catching. warning not to or laugh at a person who is suffering from anything unpleasant, lest the same misfortune may happen to one-self. It is said particularly to persons who are mimicking the personal defects of others. 's
mock
Moiled, adj. bare, applied to a bare-looking building. a hornless cow.
sb.
Moily, Moilya,
Moily, adj. hornless.
Molly gowan, Molrooken, '
Money.
Monkey Mools,
Mooly Mooth,
sb.
sb.
Money
flower,
sb.
sb.
startled.
sb.
roun', an' it goes roun',' saying.
's
sb.
broken
heels,
the fishing frog, Lopliius piscatorius.
the great crested grebe, Podiceps cristatus.
mimulus.
chilblains.
heels affected with
mouth.
'
Ma
heart was in
'
mools.'
ma
mooth,'
i.
e.
I
was very much
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
70 as his
for grinding.
payment a mop.
sb.
Mope,
the proportion of meal or seeds that the miller takes
sb.
Mootther,
Besides, generally used to prove the correctness of a statement.
More betoken.
a circumstance
to a tattered garment.
More holy nor godly, applied More red nebs than midges
said in very cold weather.
:
More than middling, very
when adding
'
superior.
His mother was more
thaii
middling.'
Morn's morra, Morra.
a
Morrian,
sb.
Morth
cowl,
o'
sb.
the day after to-morrow.
The morra come niver
'
'
= never.
fish,
the "ballan wrasse.
sb.
a very heavy cold.
Same
'
Mortial, or Mortal, very, or very great.
as
Bavin.
Mortial
cold.'
'
A
martial
lot.'
Moss,
a peat hog.
sb.
sb.
Moss-ban,
.
.
the edge or boundary of a peat hog. sb.
Moss-cheeper,
meadow
the titlark or
pippit.
Mother naked,
adj. quite naked. Mountain men, sb. pi. " That sect of dissenters called Covenanters '." '
McSKlMiN's
Mountainy,
Mouth.
OarricJcfergus. '
adj. mountain.
'
Entry mouth,'
i. e.
Mountainy entry end
;
'
people.'
land.'
Mountainy
where an entry opens on a
street.
Mouth,
'A mouth on you like a torn pocket,' a comparison. niver as much as axed me if A had a mouth on me,' offer me anything to eat or drink.
(1) '
(2)
He
did not '
(3)
i. e.
he
1
You're a mouth,' an expression of contempt.
Mowls, Mowl,
sb.
i. e.
much
Muckle,
adj.
Muddle
for potatoes,
;
moulds
earth.
;
big. v.
them out with the hands,
to get
surrepti-
tiously.
Mud
fat, adj.
very
weeks a beast Mud-lark,
sb.
fat.
will get
'
The
grass here
mud fat on
is
that good, that in six
it.'
a navvy, working at
muddy embankments
or exca-
vations.
Mudler, sb. a small metal stamper, used in public houses to crush the lumps of sugar in punch.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. sb.
Mudyees,
Mug,
sb.
Muggy,
(1)
short tongs.
mouth ; a sulky
the
a mess
sb.
Murran-roe,
sb.
day,
of well twisted straw rope. to the weather.
something spoiled.
;
a
sb.
Mussel picker,
ma
made
and wet; dark, applied
sb. pi. potatoes.
Murphies,
My
person.
a hand-basket
sb.
(2) adj. foggy; close
Mull,
71
as Bavin.
a bird, the oyster catcher, Hcematopus ostralegus.
sb.
my
all
Same
the ballan wrasse.
fish,
'
life.
He's the wee-est
man
ivir
A
seen in
day.'
My lone, His lone, &c., ad. alone. My lord, sb. a hunch-backed man. an exclamation of surprise. My !
Naethin' ava,
Nag,
sb.
nothing at
sb.
all.
the wooden ball or knur,' used in the game of also called a golley.' '
'
'
shinney
'
(hockey)
Nager
;
[naiger], sb. a niggardly person.
Nagerliness, adj. niggardliness. a measure of liquid
Naggin,
sb.
Naigies,
sb. pi.
Nail,
with a sure aim.
to strike
v.
= quarter of a pint.
horses.
Nails. The little white marks that come and go on the finger-nails are the subject of the following divining rhyme we begin at the thumb a gift a friend a foe ; a lover ; a journey to go. :
;
;
sb. a vetch, with Children dig up and eat the
Naperty,
Napper, Nabber,
a fleshy root, Lathy r us macrorliizus. knobs at the roots.
little
anything large and good of
sb.
its
kind.
name
for a particular quality in flax, an oiliness, Nature, This softness, or kindliness in working, which is of great value. flax is hard and birsely, it has no nature.' here's a flax full of sb.
the
'
'
Now
nature.'
Nauky,
adj. cunning.
in, adj. term used in consequence of tides or
Neaped Near,
adj. miserly
Near begone,
;
when
a vessel cannot get out of a harbour winds causing the water to be shallow.
penurious.
Near begone people disn't ; stingy. give the workers mate enough sometimes, an' that's a burnin' shame.' '
adj. penurious
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
72 Near
'
by, adv. near at hand.
Do you
near by
live
'
?
Neardest, adj. nearest.
Near hand, '
adv.
near;
'I was near ban' kilt.' nearly; almost. The rope was not near hand long us.'
Not a shot came near hand
'
'
enough.
Neayghen, used for
Neb,
the nose
sb.
Neck,
a small marine bivalve, about the size of a cockle,
sb.
bait.
v.
sb.
the
Ir. for girl (Co.
Needcessity,
Neeze,
v.
bill.
and shake a person.
to catch
Nedcullion,
a bird's
;
wood anemone.
Said to be derived from
sb. necessity.
to sneeze.
A'm
' lookin' for (I) sb. a fellow; a match. shoe. shai, i. e. I'm looking for the fellow of
Neighbour, of
ma
give mutual assistance in farming, Same as to Marrow. horses.
men and
Neugh,
Never
the neighbour
my
(2) v. to
ing
colleen,
Derry).
v.
by lending and borrow-
to catch, or grasp a person.
off his
back, never ceasing to advise, or scold, or look after a
person. It's new-ans to New-ans, or Newan.ce, something new ; a novelty. see you down so early.' Ye'r behavin' yerself for new-ans, i. e. you '
1
'
are behaving well for a novelty.
New-fangled, adj. strange some new thing. '
Next, adv. near.
Nick and Nicker,
v.
go,
sb.
;
new-fashioned
;
much taken up
Are you going next the quay ]
a close shave.
'
It
Avith
'
was just nick and go with him.'
to neigh.
Nick my near, sb. a narrow escape ; a close shave. Same as Nick and go. Nick of time, sb. the right moment. I arrived in the nick of time.'' '
Nieve,
sb.
the
fist,
or closed hand.
Nievy. '
Nievy, navy, nick nack. han' will ye tak', The right or the wrang, I'll beguile ye if I can.'
Which
The rhyme is used in a game played with the closed hands in one hand of the player is a marble, or any small object the other is empty. The second player tries to choose the hand that is not empty. Same as the old English game of Handy-Dandy.' ;
;
'
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Nignay, Nignoy, no good
do what
to
v.
is
to
do something, but with
useless profitless doings.
sb. pi.
Nigh, han', adv. near
nearly.
;
'
Nippin', adj. painful with cold. small objects
sb. pi.
Nits, vermin, or
among
Ma
toes is just nippin.'
the hair, supposed to be the eggs of
lice.
young
a long day, a saying.
's
'
No, adv. not.
no do
I'll
it.'
adv. none.
Noan,
No
canny, adj. not lucky.
No
fit,
i. e.
;
73
result.
Nignays, Nignoys,
Niver
useless
:
adv. not able. 'I'm no fit to draw a herrin' off the brander,' I ain in the last stage of weakness.
a
sb.
Noggin,
wooden
vessel with a handle smaller than a to be eaten out of noggins.
'
piggin.'
Porridge and milk used Noit,
No
A noit of a crayture,'
'
sb.
an
insignificant person.
odds, no matter.
Noole-kneed, adj. knock-kneed. sb.
Norration,
Not a founded, Not at Not
nothing at
sb.
himself, adj.
can,
v.
'
a great noise.
mad ; '
cannot.
The dogs
are
making a
great narration.'
all.
not in health.
You'll not can do that.'
A
'
sb. cow is said to be ' commin' forward to her note when the time of her calving draws near. When is she at her note ? i. e. when will she calve ? The expression seems to originate in a note " For sale, a Kerry cow, five years that is kept of the expected time. BELFAST PAPER, 1875. old, at her note in May."
Note,
'
'
Not expected,
not expected to recover from sickness.
adj.
Notionate, adj. obstinate Notish,
Nout,
Nurg,
nothing.
sb.
Nudyan,
Nurr,
'
sb.
Nowd,
self-opinionated
;
fanciful.
I got it for nout.'
the grey gurnard.
sb.
Same
a bunnian.
adj. miserly sb.
;
to notice.
v.
;
stingy.
a small insignificant thing.
Nurse tender,
sb.
a monthly nurse.
as
Knowd.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
74 0,
sb.
'
'
a round
Oberins,
Obledgement, Och-a-n.ee
Wee
'
sb.
sb.
int.
!
a stupid or silly fellow
;
oberins,'
means
a softy.
;
work.
trifling
a kindness.
an expression of weariness or sorrow.
A
or even, sb. a boys' game. boy shuts up a few small objects, such as marbles in one hand, and asks his opponent to guess is the number odd or even. He then either pays or receives one, according as the guess is right or wrong.
Odd
'
Of, as.
The same of that,'
Offal, sb. the refuse part of
Off and on, more or less
No
'
Offence.
;
Oh then
int.
!
ground wheat.
a rejoinder
offence,' is
'
Ogenagli,
the same as that.
there about.
your pardon.' Offer, (1) sb. an attempt. Don' t (2) to attempt. sb.
i. e.
offer to
do
May
it,' i. e.
a person has said,
don't attempt
;
'
I
beg
don't dare.
a simpleton.
Oh
indeed
!
Old-fashioned, Oul-fashioned, adj.
Old
when
day,
sb.
knowing
or cunning.
the twelfth of May.
a familiar term in greeting an acquaintance. Old stock, old stock, how are ye the day ? sb.
'
"Well,
'
Old wife,
the ballan wrasse, Labrus maculatus.
sb. a fish,
On, (I) prep, used for '
you ?
i. e.
who
did
in the expression, of mine.'
'to.' it
to
"Who did it on you ?' 'Who done it on you ? There is another idiomatic use of on '
Don't break
'
on me,'
it
(2) adv. continually ; without stopping. eat on.' '
(3) adv. ready. (4) is
thus
'
On
i. e.
'
don't break that thing
They would
sit
there
and
for sport.'
sometimes prefixed to the words to-morrow and yesterday, I'll do it on to-morrow.'
Ondaicent, adj. unfair.
On
'
dying, dying.
They say
he's just on dying.
1
One purpose, on purpose. 'What's the reason, Ones, sb. people. always sends them kind o' coals ?
sir,
that
Tomson's ones
'
Onset,
sb. a
small cluster of houses
Ontorious, adj. notorious.
' :
McCullough's
onset.'
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. On you, on your person
about you.
;
'
75
Have you any money on
'
you
?
sb.
Open weather, '
Or, adv.
Or chit,
till.
sb.
weather in winter that
It won't
is
not frosty.
be long or we'll be back.'
an orchard.
Ordinary, adj. plain-looking, as a person. Or ever, adv. before. It's twelve or ever you're in bed.' Ortin', v. rejecting ; taking out, as a cow does the good fodder from '
the bad. " Other weemen's Ortins, Oartins, sb. refuse ; anything rejected. ortins shan't be Sally's pick." FLECHER. 'The mornin's oa rtins is the evenin's fodther,' saying. It arises from cow-house experience. '
Other, each other.
Other morrow,
sb.
If they take out the
gun
they'll shoot other.'
the day after to-morrow.
Our, adv. over.
Our ones, Our uns,
my own
sb.
'
family.
Our ones
all
goes to
meetin'.'
Out-by, adj. out of doors
;
outside the house.
Outlandish, adj. foreign, such as ships belonging to foreign countries.
Out of the
'
'
out of the face is to do it right without stopping. Out of one's name, by a wrong name. ' He called me out of my name,' i. e. not by my own name. face, adv. to do a thing
through from
first to last
Out ower, adv. out Out-relation,
sb. refuse.
Out-wailins,
Over, adj. asleep.
Over all,
quite over.
;
a distant relative.
sb.
all, adv. &c.
'
'
The
chile's just over.'
That's over all ivir
'
heerd,'
v. the same as Over-seen, and blink of an evil eye.'
Over-looked, the
A
Overly much, adv. too much.
Owrance, Oxther,
sb.
sb.
mastery
;
that surpasses
i. e.
means having received
'That meat's overly much done.'
authority
;
having command over.
the armpit.
" Whether would you rather Or rather would you be Legs to the oxther Or belly to the knee ? " '
Oxther-cogged, v. They oxther- cogged you home,' along by holding you up by the arm-pits.
i.
e.
helped you
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
76 Pad,
a path.
sb.
Paddlin' walk,
a gait, in which the steps
sb.
sb.
Paddock, Poddock, '
sb.
Padrolls,
On
his
made
are very short.
a frog.
padroHs]
i. e.
on
his walks or rounds.
wandering ; walking or running with short steps. a wandering dog. A horse that is standing, and paidlin' his feet in an uneasy way, is said to be paidlin'. v.
Paidlin',
collie,'
'
A
lifts
Pairins, sb. thin fragments of pork pared off the bones, in porkcuring stores. Palms, sb. pi. small branches of the Spruce fir, also budded twigs of the willow. These are supplied on Palm Sunday to persons attending service in the Eoman Catholic Churches.
Pamphrey,
sb.
a kind of cabbage.
sb. a punishment at school, being a blow on the hand from a cane or ruler.
Pandy,
Pangd, Paps,
a section of ground in a garden.
sb.
Pane,
v. stuffed full (of food). '
sb. pi. teats.
A cow's paps.'
a large cylindrical mass of flint, sometimes the trunk. It is said that this curious word is merely gibberish, coined by a facetious quarryman to puzzle the late Dr. Buckland, when he was geologizing among the co. Antrim chalk
Paramoudra,
sb.
human
shape of the
rocks.
Parfit, adj. perfect.
Parge,
to plaster the inside of a
v.
Parritch,
sb.
chimney with mortar.
porridge.
Parten,
sb.
the shore crab, Carcinus moenas.
Pastre,
sb.
the pastern of a horse.
Patch.
'
Not
Pattheridge,
Pawky, adj. Pea shaups,
a patch
sb.
sly
on
it,' i. e.
Also called Butcher.
not to compare to
it.
a partridge. ;
cunning.
sb. pi.
pea
shells.
a small bundle of anything tossed roughly together like a wisp of pea straw. Your head 's just like a peaswisp.'
Peaswisp,
sb.
'
Peat waight, or weght,
sb.
a tray or sieve on which peat was
carried into the house.
Peeler,
sb.
a crab which has cast
Peel garlick, fantastically.
sb.
its shell,
a yellow person
:
and
is soft
;
used for
bait.
a person dressed shabbily or
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
Peen,
barley, with, the
sb.
Peely grass,
'
hulls
'
77 '
'
and auns removed.
the cross end of a mechanic's hammer, opposite to the face.
sb.
Pee-pee, the call for pea-fowl.
Peep hawk, Peerie,
the kestrel.
sb.
a peg-top.
sb.
sb.
Peeweet, Peesweep,
Pegh,
to
s.
pant
the lapwing.
to puff.
;
'
Pelt, sb. the skin of an animal.
Penned,
A
contracted.
v.
Bare
1
pelt,
one's bare skin.
horse sometimes has
its
knee 'penned in
the sinews.'
Pens,
the old twigs in a hedge.
sb. pi.
Pernicketty, adj. particular
Perswadians, I done
sb. pi.
;
hard to please.
persuasion
entreaties.
;
'
Through perswadians
it.'
Peter Dick,
sb.
made of a half walnut shell, a small some thread. When played upon by the fingers in it makes a ticking noise, and is supposed to say
a child's toy
piece of stick and a particular way,
:
'
Petted on, Pevil,
Also called Drink-a-penny.
bird, sb. the little grebe.
Penny
Peter Dick, Peter Dick, Peter Dick's peat stack.'
to be fond of a person, as a child
v.
is.
to strike rapidly.
v.
sb.
Phaisians,
Piano rose,
pheasants.
the peony.
sb.
Pickin' calf,
Same
v.
as Casting Calf,
i. e.
dropping a calf before
the time.
Pickle,
a very small quantity
sb.
Pickock, or Picky, of the coal-fish. Piece,
Pied,
sb. v.
what a child
searched
Pig-croo,
sb.
sb. '
Pigeon.
Same
as
;
one grain.
Blockan.
gets for lunch
;
it is
A
small
fish,
the young
generally a piece of bread.
examined.
;
a pig- sty.
A pigeon's pair,' a
Pigeon walk,
sb.
term for a family of two children only.
a boy's game.
wooden vessel made of hoops and staves, with Piggin, one stave prolonged so as to form a handle, used for milking in, &c. sb.
a small
Pig's whisper,
sb.
a loud whisper, one meant to be heard.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
78
Pig's wrack, sb. a kind of sea wrack, boiled with meal or potatoes, and given as food for pigs.
Pike,
a rick of hay.
sb.
Piky dog,
Same
the piked dog-fish.
sb.
as
Gobbuck.
Pile, sb. a single grain of shot. Pill,
Bad
Pin bone,
Pingey
or Bitter pill, sb. a disagreeable person.
pill, sb.
Pillaber,
a pillow.
sb. the
pointed bone above a horse's flank.
lookin', adj. tight
Pink, (1)
sb.
;
pinched looking.
by a young man
a term of endearment applied
to his
sweetheart.
a sure aim.
(2) v. to strike with,
Pin well,
sb.
a well in the demesne of
A person having
is so-called.
Red
drunk from
Hall, near Carrickfergus, throws in a pin as an
it
offering.
Put that in your pipe and smoke it/ an expression enforcing some rather disagreeable piece of advice or information. '
Pipe.
Pipe stapple, Pirn,
sb.
stems of grass.
pL
sb.
Pipers,
sb.
the stem of a clay pipe.
wooden bobbin.
a
Pirn cage, sb. an arrangement of pins standing up from a square frame, and in which pirns or bobbins are stuck used in powerloom factories. '
'
Pirre-maw,
sb.
the tern.
Pismire, Pishmither,
Placket hole, sb.
Pladdy,
sb.
sb.
an ant.
a pocket hole.
(Pladdies, pi.) a sunken rock.
Planet showers,
sb. pi.
short heavy showers.
In parts of the co. of Down the flat portion of the shore, between high and low water mark, is divided into plots, each of which belongs to a certain farm, and on these plots or plans the farmers grow sea- weed for manure, cutting the wrack periodically, and carting it inland. Stones are placed for the wrack to grow on.
Plan of wrack.
'
Planting, Plants,
sb.
sb.
Plarted,
v.
Plaster,
sb.
a plantation of young trees.
young cabbage plants fell down.
fit
for planting out.
anything overloaded with vulgar showy ornament.
Plastery, adj. gaudy; over-ornamented.
'
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. sb. pi. flat
Plates,
rocks in a harbour. '
to play. Play oneself, chile 's playin' his self.' v.
sb.
Pleaich,
Play yourselves,'
i. e.
go and play.
the 'sea devil' or fishing frog, Lophius.
Molly gowan, Kilmaddy, &c. Pleasement, sb. what pleases
satisfaction
;
glad to hear
it,
79
but perhaps
it's
'
Also called *
;
no pleasement
The
gratification. ' I'll to you.'
was
I
do
it
to
'
your pleasement. Plenishing, v.
Ploigher, Ploitin' there,
cough in an asthmatic or wheezing way.
to
down,
v.
falling
down.
'What
are ye ploitin'
down
for
fitless falla.'
ye
to splash.
v.
Plout,
the furnishing of a house.
sb.
Pock-arred, adj. pock-marked. Poddock-stool,
sb.
a toad-stool.
Children are warned that if they do not allow their Podes, heads to be combed with a fine tooth comb,' the podes will make ropes of their hair, and drag them into the sea and drown them. sb. lice.
'
'Potatoes and point,' i.e. potatoes and nothing. The potatoes are supposed to be pointed at a herring as they are eaten, to give them an imaginary flavour.
Point.
Poitered out, Poutered out, v. said of land which has been exhausted, and has received only slight superficial cultivation.
Poke,
sb.
a bag. sb. the last child borne by a woman supposed to be That's a brave chile, it's no the poke shakins I'm thinkin'.'
Poke shakins, '
puny.
Polled, having the horns cut
off.
Same
as Skulled.
conceited overrun. Them Polluted, adj. puffed up with pride people 's got quite polluted.' 'The house is polluted with books.' The other man polluted the mearing,' Polluted with beggars,' &c. t. e. he tampered with the boundary. '
;
;
'
'
Pont, sb. a kind of boat which carries thirty hundred-weight of used on Lough Neagh (MASON'S Par. Survey). Pooin',
v.
pulling.
Poor mouth, v. to make a poor mouth,' poverty, and to make the most of these, '
to complain of troubles or for the purpose of exciting
pity.
Poppel,
turf,
sb.
a flower, the corn-cockle, Lychnis Githago.
Porvent, Purvent,
v. to
Poss-tub, Pouss-tub,
prevent.
sb. a
kind of wash-tub.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
80 '
Post.
Between you and me and the
post,' a preliminary to
some-
thing confidential being told.
Posy,
a flower.
sb.
sb. illicit
Potyeen, Poteen,
Ponce,
whiskey.
the floating dust in rooms where flax
sb.
is
being dressed.
Policy, adj. asthmatic, from the effects of inhaling 'pouce.'
Pounder, is
a person
sb.
who
sells freestone for
scouring
the freestone
;
sold pounded.
Ponss, v. to push clothes against the bottom of a tub when washing. Gie the claes a guid poussing.' He made a power o' money.' Power, sb. a great quantity. '
'
Pox,
sb.
the small-pox.
Praity-oaten, in texture
Prank, Pree,
v.
v.
'
for the pox,' vaccinated.
a kind of bread
sb.
'
very coarse.
it is
amuse
to
Cut
As
made
of potatoes and oaten meal coarse as praity-oaten,' saying.
;
oneself.
to taste.
Presha, Presha bhwee, Prushns, (bhwee is from Ir. for yellow).
sb.
the wild kale, Sinopsis arv&iisis
Prick at the loop, a cheating game played with a strap and skewer, at fairs, &c., by persons of the thimble-rig class, probably the same as the game called Fast and Loose. Prig,
v.
to beat
down
Prittaz, Praitays,
sb.
Prod, (1) 'He gave he sold me. (2) v. to
in price.
Same
as to
Haggle.
potatoes.
me
a prod,'
prick or stab.
i. e.
he cheated
me
'Prod him with a pitch-fork.'
Proddled, v. prodded, i. e. stabbed or poked up. like aproddled cat under a bed,' saying.
Proker,
sb.
Your eyes
are
'
A proper spade.'
a process at law. to sue a person. I pressed him.'
(1) sb.
(2) v.
Pnck,
'
a poker.
Proper, adj. good. Pross,
in something
sb.
a blow.
<
He
got a puck in the eye.'
Puckan-snlla, sb. a basket or hamper made of well twisted oat straw rope, used for holding seed potatoes; it holds about two and a half bushels.
Pnddle,
Mian,
sb. a
small dirty pool
;
prepared or tempered clay.
Pollan, sb. the 'fresh water herring' Coregonus Pollan.
of
Lough Neah,
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
81
Purre, sb. two sea birds, the tern and the black-headed Pirre and Pyrmaw.
Purty middlin',
Put down ,
reply to a salutation.
;
See Coo-pnshla.
sb.
Pushla,
adj. pretty well
See
gull.
one's foot, to
come
to a determination of stopping
some
thing which has been going on.
Put
Pyot,
'
He
'
to dress oneself. rose an' put on him.' ;
I
had hardly time
a magpie.
sb.
Pyrmaw, Co.
on clothes
to put
v.
on,
to put on me.'
a sea bird, probably the tern or
sb.
Down,
'
'
purre
(HARRIS, Hist.
1744).
Quaa, Quah,
sb. a
marsh
a quagmire, or shaking bog.
;
Quait, adj. quiet. '
'
Quaker.
You're not a quaker ? said in bargaining to persons have asked.
who
will not abate the price they
Quakin
1
esp, sb. a sb.
duality,
kind of poplar with trembling
gentry.
Quare, Queer, adj. very
Quarter Quern,
sb.
sb. pi.
sb. pi.
,
'
= very
nice.
sb.
calf.
Same
grass.
young thorn plants
v. quit,
'
Quut yer
as
Scutch grass.
for setting.
This with
v.
Quut, Quet,
Raave,
1
a female
couch
said he. general use.
Quo' he,
quart an' nice
the old hand-mill, consisting of two stones.
Quey, or Quy,
Quicks,
'
a crazy person.
cleft, sb.
sb.
Quickens,
leaves.
'
qiuf she,
cloddin','
i. e.
quo'
/,'
are in very
stop throwing stones.
a fresh water plant, Anaeharis.
Rack comb, sb. a dressing comb. Back of mutton, sb. a breast of mutton. Ram-stam,
Randy,
sb.
adj.
headlong
;
rash.
a wild reckless fellow
;
an indelicate romping
scold.
Rannel,
v.
among
school-boys
;
to pull the hair.
woman
;
a
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
82
sb. the cross-beam in a byre to which the cows' stakes are fastened hence a long thin person is called a rannelas thin as a rannel-tree.' tree,' or is said to be
Rannel-tree, Raivel-tree,
'
;
'
wild indistinct dreams.
sb. pi.
Banners,
Ranty-berries,
sb.
rowan-tree berries.
Ratherly, or Retherly, adv. rather. sb. pi. raspberries.
Rausps,
Ream, Red,
to froth or foam, as a liquor.
v.
(1)
What
time will you get red
put in order; to separate
(2) v. to
Reddin' kaim,
Red
'
done work.
sb.
fighters.
Same
a dressing-comb.
'
?
as
Rack-comb.
head. '
Red head, fiery skull, Every hair in your head would tether a
bull.'
Said derisively to a red-haired person.
Red
loanin', sb. the throat (inside).
Redshank, '
(2)
(1) a flowering plant,
Eun
like a redshank,''
i. e.
Polygonum Persicaria. as fast as you can. I suppose the
redshank
is the wading bird so called, to readers of the Irish wars.
known
Red the road
clear the
!
way
!
Ree, adj. fresh as a restive horse
Reek, Reel,
smoke
sb.
the smell of peat smoke.
;
to quiz or
v.
wanton.
;
a rent or tear.
sb.
Reef,
and not the human redshank,
humbug.
Reel-fitted, adj. club-footed.
Ree-raw,
adj.
Reeve,
to split
v.
Remember,
v.
untidy; confused.
wood by
to remind.
remember you about
Remlet,
sb.
Remove,
sb.
Rex,
v. v.
Well,
'
The sun sir, I'll
will reeve
call in the
it.'
morning and
it.'
the re-shoeing of a horse with the old shoes. v.
sb.
to rinse.
sb.
Renlet, Runlet,
Ret,
'
a remnant.
Rench, Range,
Residenter,
heat.
a small barrel.
an old inhabitant.
to steep flax. to reach.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
83
Ribish, adj. thin, as applied to persons, but more especially to pigs. They come of a ribish breed.' '
a small branch of a tree
sb.
Rice,
a ratchet brace for boring metal.
sb.
Ricketty, Rift,
v.
to belch.
Rig,
sb.
a ridge.
Rig and
a twig.
;
A
fur, ridge and furrow in a field. is also called rig and fur.'
particular kind
of
'
knitting
the ridge of a house.
sb.
Riggin,
Right, adv. thorough very ; good. He's a right wee right bad boy.'
'
He's a right
;
'
Rightly, adv. in good health '
I
Rip,
know him
He
'
rightly.'
rascal.'
'
You're a
fellow.'
right well ; very well. got rightly frightened.'
;
*
I'm rightly!
a handful of unthrashed corn.
sb.
Rippet,
sb.
Ripple,
v.
a row, or disturbance.
See Flax ripple.
to take the seed off flax.
Ripple grass, Plantago lanceolata. Rive,
to tear
v.
Road,
'
(3)
Roans,
No
way. 1
road," is
to direct
v.
sb.
What
'
(1) sb.
(2)
to split.
;
the rudd or red-eye, Leuciscus erythropthalmiis.
sb.
Roach,
;
road are you going ?' the formula for no thoroughfare.' 1
'
to
'
show the way.
Who
roaded you ?'
'Hazely roans,' hazel brakes.
pi.
'Brackeny
roans,'
fern brakes.
Robin-run-the-hedge,
sb.
this plant is extracted
a plant,
Galium aparine.
The
juice of
and boiled with sugar, and given as a remedy
in whooping-cough.
Rockets,
Rodden, Rope, Rose,
sb. pi.
a
sb.
v.
sb.
the plumes of a hearse.
little
The
'
'
The
road
a mountain path.
;
clay ropes off rose
'
is
a
my
name
spade like putty.'
for erysipelas.
Rosit-slut, or Rosin-slut, sb. a rag dipped in resin and used as a substitute for a candle.
Rot-heap,
sb.
a heap of weeds left to rot for manure.
sb. plenty ; abundance. about his farm,' i. e. great plenty. ness of money about them.'
Roughness,
'
Rough weed,
sb.
'
a great roughness people has a great rough-
There's
Them
Sfrachys palustris.
o2
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSS All Y.
^4
Hound
cast, sb. a particular
a round
Roup,
throw in sowing
'
grain.
He sows
with
cast.'
an auction.
sb.
Routh, or Rouths,
sb.
plenty
;
abundance.
entrance of StrangRouting-wheel, sb. an eddy or whirlpool at the ford Lough. Mentioned by Harris (1744).
Rowt,
to bellow or roar as a bull.
v.
Rrog, a sea-weed, the long tangle, Chorda filum. a housemaid's dusting-cloth
sb.
Rubber,
;
a coarse kitchen towel.
Rubber apron, sb. an apron made of a coarse Ruchness. Same as Roughness, abundance. Ruction,
sb.
material.
a row, or disturbance.
change one's mind ; to draw back. repent of an engagement, or promise.
Rue,
Rugg,
to pull about roughly
v.
banes,
o'
Ruggle
Ruinate,
to
to pull the hair.
a thin person.
sb.
to destroy.
v.
sb. ruin.
Ruination, Rullion,
;
To take the me,'
'
to
v.
sb.
a big, coarse, dirty fellow.
' Put that in your jug an' rummle it,' i. e. consider that (1) of information or advice. Same as Put that in your pipe and piece
Rummle,
smoke
it.
(2) v. to rumble inside.'
to shake about.
;
'
rummUn' about
I feel that
in
my
Rundale, a plan of working farms in partnership
mentioned
;
'pernicious practice 'in M'SltiMlN's Carrickfergus, many farms were wrought in rundale.'
1
822.
as a
Anciently
'
Rung,
(1) a
round or step of a ladder
(2) sb. an old young lad.
Runners, the pad Runrig,
Runt,
sb. pi.
to
sb.
v.
;
the rail of a chair.
'That auld rung
small channels for water. it
Same
'
o'
I
as
Rundale.
a dwarfish person; an old a stalk. A kale runt.' '
to be restive or stubborn.
Rusty, adj. restive or stubborn.
mine's bravely,' a
made runners
dry.'
(1) sb.
(2) sb.
Rust,
keep
woman.
woman.
across
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Sack,
vanquish an opponent by a show of superior learning.
to
v.
85
W. CARLETON. Sacrament,
sb.
an oath.
Sad, adj. sodden, as badly-baked bread. '
Sads.
Sitting over their sads,' L
e.
regretting something
;
repenting.
A
Safety, adj. (pronounced sometimes as a trisyllable). article in nurseries is called a saf-e-ty pin.'
useful
'
'
v.
Said,
the wild
sb.
Saggan,
To be
'
be advised.
said,' to
Now
be said by me.'
a ride in a cart or carriage of any kind.
Sail, sb.
a sailor.
sb.
Sailor-man,
mode
Sailor's grip, sb. a '
sb.
Sair-bones,
of holding hands by hooking the fingers.
A'll gi'e
ye sair-banes,'
I'll
i. e.
give you a beating.
served.
v.
Saired,
iris.
Sair sought, adj. nearly worn out with age or weakness.
S air- wrought,
adj. hard-worked.
Sally, sb. a willow.
Sally wran,
Same
of, '
Sang.
sb.
Sarking,
the willow wren.
will shed a tear for every grain of salt
same
'
'
as.
Ton my
Sannies.
Sark,
sb.
You
*
Salt.
Can you
sang,' a
Upon my
give
me
a knife the
you
waste.'
same of that ?
'
mild kind of oath.
sannies,' a
mild oath.
a shirt. a coarse kind of linen
sb.
;
a sheeting of
wood under the
slates of a roof. '
Saturday. go home sb.
Saugh,
flit, short sit.' place on Saturday.
Saturday
to a
new
Servants think
unlucky to
a willow.
Sauny-go-softly,
sb.
a soft fellow.
sb. salt.
Saut,
'
Saving your presence, excuse the word. sence, the smell was that bad that,' &c.
Saw
it
doctor,
sb.
a
workman who
repairs
Scabbling, or Scaveling, hammer,
sb.
But,
savi.n'
your pre-
and sharpens saws.
a large
hammer
for chipping
stone.
'
her,
'A
1
heart scald, a sore trouble. greatly troubled by her.
sb.
Scald,
'
He's heart scalded with
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
86 Scale-drake,
sb.
Anas Tadorna.
the shell-drake,
v. to scorch.
Scame, Scam,
wood
sb.
Scantling, (1)
cut to special sizes for carpenters' use.
measurement of wood or iron to be used in work. scantlings of iron will you put into the gate ? (2) sb.
v.
Scart,
Scaud,
'
What
'
to scratch. '
to scald.
v.
Scaur, Scar,
It's sae
het
it
wild scaud a pig,' a comparison.
a steep or overhanging
sb.
bank of earth;
a reef or
ridge of rocks.
Scheme,
v.
endeavour to escape work by
to
Scholar, sb. one be a scholar.'
who
a shoal of
sb.
School, Schull,
can read and write.
false pretences. '
It's
a sore thing not to
fish.
Scobes, sb. pi. rods of hazel or willow, sharpened at both ends, for ' pinning down the thatch to the scraws or sods in thatching a house. Same as Scollops. '
Scog,
sb.
an offensive or mocking valentine. See Scobes.
Scollops, sb. pi.
Sconce, (1) sb. a skulking person. used by wild-fowl shooters. (2) sb. a hiding-place a slight shelter built of stones on a beach. :
(3)
to joke or ridicule;
v.
also to feign illness,
It is generally so as to escape
having to work. Sconcer, sb. one who pretends to be sick in order to escape work. Scope, (1)
sb.
an extent of land.
'
He owns
a large scope of moun-
tain.'
(2) sb. in trawling or dredging the extra length of rope which is paid out after the dredge has reached the bottom is called the scope. Give it a faddom or two more scope.' '
Scotch, lick, sb. a very slight
Scotch penny, Scout, (2)
(1) sb. v.
sb.
wash of the
face or hands.
the thick English penny of 1797.
a squirt or syringe.
to squirt.
Scout-hole, Scoot-hole, sb. a rat-hole to which rats run for shelter when chased, or a concealed hole planned for exit, by which rabbits may escape when their principal holes are watched. Scrab, (1) sb. a scratch. (2)
v.
to scratch.
Scraigh, Scraik,
sb.
'
The
cat near scr ailed his eyes out.'
a scream, such as the cry of a sea-gull.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. o'
Scraigh
sb.
day,
Bad
'
Scran.
87
early morning.
scran to you,' bad luck to you.
Scran
is
said to
mean
food.
something small. 'The fowls he had were only wee
sb.
Scrat,
scrats.'
Scraws are laid under (1) sb. a thin strip of sward or turf. the thatch of a house to receive the points of the scobes or
Scraw,
'
'
'
'
scollops. '
(2) v. to strip sods off the surface of a field.
scraw the man's land
Scraw, Sera,
v.
Screech cock, Screed,
Screeding,
sb. pi.
sb.
v.
a discourse or harangue.
;
make
a grinding or rasping noise.
places covered with furze, hazel, brambles, &c.
mean; shabby. mean fellow.
adj.
sb.
sb.
the back of the neck.
a crush or squeeze.
to slap.
make shabby.
Scuff, v. to subject to abuse or
wear
Scuffed, injured in appearance
by wear or abuse.
Scuffle, (1) sb. a (2)
v.
to hoe
hoe that
is
Sculder, Scalder,
sb.
to
Scutch mill,
sb.
mill.
couch
sb.
hoe.'
a jelly-fish (medusa) of any species.
sb. a mill
Scutching tow,
'Dutch
scuffle.
drag the feet along the ground.
remove the
Scutch grass,
called in trade a
pushed
Scunner, Scunhur, Sounder, a scunhur at that man.' v.
to
;
walks or beds with a
(3) v. to scrape or
Scutch,
grave.'
the shrew.
Scruff of the neck,
Scrunch,
To scraw a
a mean, miserly person.
sb.
Scruff, sb. a
Scud,
'
sods.
the missel thrush.
Scrimpit, adj. scanty. Scringe, v. to creak ; to
Scrubby,
to
the mortar pointing round a window-frame.
sb.
Screw mouse,
Scrogs,
bank with
a rent or tear in clothes
sb.
Screenge,
to cover a
sb.
Do you want
'
?
'
sb.
shives
grass.
where
a disgust '
or
'
Same flax is
'
;
a loathing.
'
I've taken
'
shows from
flax.
as Quickens.
scutched.'
the rough tow which
is
taken
off flax at a
scutch
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
88
a reapiug-hook that requires to be sharpened, as a toothed hook or sickle. from distinguished sb.
Scythe hook,
'
'
Seam,
'
sb.
1
Goose seam, goose
fat,
Selch, sb. a seal, Phoca.
and generation,' the whole
'Seed, breed,
one's
of
family and
relatives.
Seeds,
sb. pi.
See Sowans.
the husks of oats.
'
See outens, r. to go about for pleasure. when A'm young, when would A ?
A
If
didn't see outers
'
Seep,
to leak or ooze.
v.
sb.
Seepage,
'
what seeps '
*
or leaks.
There's a great seepage from
that cask.' Sel, self
:
hence hinw/,
Server,
'
Set, (1) sb. a spell. (2)
A
herseZ, ibemsel, m'sel.
a snaall tray or salver.
sb.
'
low
A
long
set of saft weather.'
person,' a person with a squat figure.
set
(3) v. to plant.
(4)
v.
She's hard
'
determined.
set
to be married.'
that very well,' i. e. that becomes her very well, v. The (6) night is set,' i. e. the night is fixed ; night has come on. ' She's (7) adj. applied to a person who has stopped growing taller. set lookinV quite ' I can't set no time,' i. e. I cannot appoint a (8) v. to appoint. (5) v.
'
She
sets
'
time.
Set a stitch,
to
v.
make
a stitch in sewing.
number of ridges of corn that a ' boon or reaping party spread over. If there are ten able-bodied reapers in the 'boon,' the sett would consist of ten ridges. '
Sett, sb. the is
'
Set tae lowe,' set on
Setting down,
sb.
fire.
Same
a scolding. '
'
Setts, sb. pi. Paving setts or stone used for paving streets.
Seven'dible, Severals,
about
sb.
sb.
^>Z.
several
as
cross
thorough or severe persons
;
Doing setts,'
off.
rectangular blocks of
very great. or things.
'
Severals
told
me
it.'
Shaaps, Shaups, Shade,
'
sb.
sb. pi.
the shells of beans or peas.
the parting or division of the hair on one's head
Shai. sb. a shoe.
;
a shed.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. sb.
Shaima-hait,
Shamrock,
The
sb..
Same
nothing.
as Sorra halt, Deil a hait. is
the
as a shamrock on Patrick's
Day
lesser yellow trefoil (Trifulium
plant the leafy part of which
(March
89
is
worn
minus)
17th).
an old shaky and noisy car or
sb.
Shandry-dan,
carriage.
Shank, sb. a handle.
Shanks 's mare,
(1) sb.
Shanough, sb.
Shear,
'
foot.
We
went there on shanks' s mare.'
a confidential chat. ;
to gossip.
cow-dung. a
sb.
Shaver,
on
talk confidentially
(2) v. to
Sharn,
sb.
wag
or
funny fellow
;
a keen, shrewd fellow.
to reap corn.
v.
the cutting of corn.
sb.
Shearin',
a place where intoxicating drink
sb.
Shebeen,
sold without a
is
license. v.
Shebeening,
corruption of
sb.
She-cock,
keeping a place for the unlicensed sale of drink. '
Shake
cock,' a small hay-stack built
up
loosely.
Shedding, Sheela, a
the place where cross roads intersect.
sb.
'
'
molly-coddle
or effeminate
man.
Shcela
is
a
woman's
name. Sheep's naperty,
Sheerman,
sb.
"Wanted a letter,
She
a
sb.
a plant, Potent ilia tormentilla.
workman employed
skilful
at a bleach green. Obsolete. Belfast News-
journeyman sheerman and dyer."
1739.
sole, sb. a fish, the whiff, '
Rhombus Megastoma.
the sheugh build the dike,' i. e. I make the raised fence, a Scourin' a dyke saying, my spending never exceeded my earning. sheugh,' cleaning out a ditch.
Sheugh,
always
a ditch.
sb.
let
I
always
what was dug out
let
of the ditch
'
Shill corn, sb. a small hard pimple
Shilling
seeds, sb. pi.
on the
face.
the husks of oats.
Shilling stones, sb. pi. the pair of stones in a corn mill which are used for taking the husks off oats. Shilty,
sb.
a pony (corruption of Shetland).
Shin. Shoon,
sb. pi. shoes.
Shinnen,
a sinew.
sb.
Shinney, sb. hockey, a boys' game, played with shitmeys, i. e. hooked sticks, and a ball or small block of wood culled the golloy or nag.' '
'
'
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
90
Shired, adj. thin applied to a part of any knitted article which thinner than the rest owing to loose knitting. :
Shirey, adj. thin
woven
or of
applied to the thin part of a crop or of a garment,
:
materials.
the smaller stones at a quarry.
sb. pi.
Shoddy,
is
Shoddy men,
sb.
the
pi.
men who shape paving
sets,
&c., at a
quarry. sb. pi.
Shods,
Shoe mouth,
the iron heel-tips on men's hoots. sb.
'
the open of a shoe.
I
was over the shoe moufh
in glar.'
a jolt or shake.
Snog,
sb.
Shoo,
v. to
Shoot,
Shore,
sb.
:
a fisherman's term.
a sewer.
a half-grown pig.
sb.
Shot,
sew.
to set a long line or net
v.
Shotten herring,
sb.
a spent herring
Showl, adj. shallow, as
'
;
one that has spawned.
sJiowl water.'
Shows, Shoughs, Shives, sb. pi. flax the stem in small fragments.
refuse.
It is the
hard part of
Shuggy-shu, sb. (1) a beam of wood balanced so that persons sitting on the opposite ends go up and down alternately (2) a swing. ;
Shuler,
sb. pi. cinders.
Shunners,
a shutter.
sb.
Shut,
dressmaker's term for the part of a dress between the arm-
Si, sb. a
pit
a vagrant.
sb.
and
chest.
Sib, adj. related
by blood.
Sic, such. '
Siccan, such.
Sicker, adj. sure Sight,
Siccan a heap ;
precise in
of speaking.
There was a quare sight of people
a quantity.
sb.
o' coos.'
mode
there.'
Silly-go-saftly, Silly-go-sefly, sb. a foolish, useless creature.
Simper,
v.
to
simmer.
Sinnerry, Sinthery, adv. asunder. Sirraft Chooseday, '
Sit
down
Sit fast,
*b.
off
sb.
your
Shrove Tuesday.
feet,' sit
a ranunculus, R.
down.
reperts.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Skart, Scart,
a cormorant.
sb.
Wee
a small quantity. Same as a drop. watther in the kettle.' Same as Squig.
sb.
Skeeg,
o'
skeeg
Skee-weep,
a dash
sb.
adj. restless
Skeigh,
91
;
'
There's no a
a smear ; something indistinct in writing.
frisky.
;
'
Skelf, (1) sb. a splinter or chip.
He
got a shelf
o'
wud ondher
'is
nail.'
(2) v. to splinter.
Skelly, (1) sb. a guess; an unsuccessful attempt. queer skelly at it.'
'You made a
(2) v. to squint.
Skelp, (1)
sb.
(2) v. to
a blow.
run
to slap.
;
Skemlin, sb. a quantity of peat dug from the edges of a bog-hole, and thrown in to be mixed, and afterwards taken out and dried. '
Tak' a skemlin
the hole.'
aff that side o'
sb. a large flat barge, used to receive the dredging machine. Skep, sb. a straw bee-hive.
Skeow,
sb.
Skerry brand, Skey,
mud
raised
by a
sheet lightning.
a small artificial island forming part of an eel-weir.
sb.
a slight shower.
Skiff, sb.
Skillet, sb. a small saucepan. sb.
Skillop,
Skimp,
to stint.
v.
Skimpy,
a gouge-shaped borer, of tapered form, for wood.
adj. a tight
fit
;
short
;
deficient in quantity.
Skin a fairy, v. said of very cold weather. cowl it would skin a fairy.' Skinadhre, Skink,
sb.
sb.
'
Dear, but
a thin, fleshless, stunted person.
Skip-jack, sb. the merry-thought of a goose See Jump -jack. Skirl, (1) sb. a cry or scream. (2) v. to
scream
Skirr, sb. a sea-bird, the tern. v.
that
a mixture to drink.
Skip, a box in which stones are hoisted out of a quarry crate to contain live fowls in transit ; a large basket.
Skirt,
it's
to
run
made
;
a basket or
into a child's toy.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
(J2
Skite, (1) sb. a term of contempt (2) si. a sharp slap or blow.
an empty, conceited
;
fellow.
(3) v. to slap.
a skewer.
sb.
Skiver,
Skiver the goose,
Skull,
:
To
'
v.
Two persons are trussed somehop about on their hunkers,' each trying
a boys' game.
sb.
like fowls they then to upset the other.
what
'
slmll cattle,' to cut off their horns close to the head.
Same as Horned or Polled. Applied to cattle which Skulled, adj. have been subjected to the cruel operation of having their horns sawii off close to the skull. a thin person.
sb.
Skyble,
Slabby, adj. sloppy
Slack, adj. neglectful
Slack lime,
;
Slabby wet
clay.'
remiss.
put water on quick lime.
to
v.
'
muddy.
;
Slack spun, adj. said of a person who is half a fool. The same kind of person is said to have only eleven cuts to the hank,' or he is not all there,' or he wants a square of being round,' &c. '
'
'
Slap, (1) sb. a gap or passage through a hedge for occasional use. is closed by filling up the opening with branches, &c. (2) sb.
'
a large quantity.
A whole slap
It
of money.'
Slater, or Slate-cutter, sb. the wood-louse, Oniscus, and several of the allied species of crustaceans.
The laths of a Slats, sb. pi. stead are called sluts. Blattering,
v.
going about like a slattern.
sb. pi.
Slavers,
Slay hook,
Venetian blind and the laths of a bed-
sb.
water flowing from the mouth. a small implement used by weavers
;
in slang, a term
for a dried herring.
Sleech,
sb. fluviatile
Sleech grass,
or marine
Sleek, Slake, sb. a smear Sleekit, adj. cunning
Sleep Slep,
in, v. to lie too v. slept.
Sleuster,
Slever,
sea-wrack growing on
;
mud
banks.
;
;
a streak of dirt.
underhand
;
hypocritical.
long in the morning, so as to be late for work.
A've slep noan.'
to flatter.
sb. saliva.
Sliggaun, Slinge,
v.
<
silt
Zostera marina.
sb.
v.
ab.
the pearl-bearing fresh-water mussel,
to sneak about.
Anodon cyynea.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
93
Slip, (1) ah. a pinafore.
a young pig.
sb.
(2)
(3) v. to let slip or
see if I slip
ye for
escape from punishment.
'
If ye do that again,
it.'
Slipe, (1) sb. a triangular framework of wood on which large boulder stones are drawn out of fields ; a large trough, like a cart without wheels, used for drawing earth or wet peat from one part of a field or bog to another ; a kind of sledge on which stones are drawn down hilly roads.
To
To
'
(2) v. '
'
place where
it
Slip of a girl, Slither,
=
to draw them out of a field on a ' slipe.' ' to carry it in a slipe from the bog-hole to a level is spread out to harden and cake into turf. '
slipe stones
mud =
slipe
'
sb.
a young, growing
girl.
to slip or slide.
v.
Flax in process of being spun by machinery is drawn Sliver, sb. out into a ribbon or long lock before it is twisted this lock is called :
sliver. '
Sliver can,
sb.
a tall cylinder of tin in which the ' sliver is coiled to the roving frame to get the first twist.
away and then carried Sloak,
Called in the Co.
a seaweed, laver, Porpliyra laciniata. sluke or slukane.'
sb.
'
of Clare
'
v.
Sloiterin',
to
'
sb.
Slobbering bib, Slockan,
'
'
a small, thick pinafore
quench
Sluterin',
fire
worn by
infants.
or thirst.
loitering or lingering about pretending to
v.
work.
Slonk, Slump,
sb.
a ditch
Slonky, adj. having
a deep, wet hollow in a road.
;
muddy
holes.
'
That slonky
road.'
Sloosh, sb. a sluice.
Sludge,
sb.
wet mud.
Slummage,
a soft stuff produced at distilleries used for cattle
sb.
feeding. (1) sb. a
Slump,
Slunge, (1)
muddy
sb.
sb.
'The road was
all
slumps of
holes.'
a skulking, sneaking fellow.
(2) v. to slink
Slurry,
place.
sink in mud.
(2) v. to
mud
;
or lounge. 'glar.'
'I took eight buckets of black slmry out
of his well.'
Sluttherin', Swattherin',
ducks Slype, slype
v.
applied to the noisy, slopping
way
that
feed.
v.
to strip the branches off trees. in the night for no use.
them down
'
'
They would come and
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
94 Small family,
sb.
a family of small children.
Smell, sb. a small quantity. smirr of Smirr, Smurr, si. '
Smit,
infected.
v.
'
Smittle, adj. infectious. v.
Smoorin',
me with
that cowl.'
Is
it
anything smittle he has
'
1
in sense of covering over, as
smothering v.
Smud, Smudge,
snow over
to smoulder.
Smuddy coom, Smiddy
cooni, sb. the ashes
from a smith's
forge.
a concealed laugh.
sb.
Smudging,
a slight shower.
treacle over bread.
ground or
Smudge,
rain,'
small fragments.
sb. pi.
Smithereens,
A
I think you've smit
'
laughing in a smothered way.
v.
Snack, Snick,
thumb-latch.
sb. a
Snail's pace, sb.
To go
at a snail's pace, to go very slowly.
here,' is a form of notice sometimes painted Snakes, on a board at the boundaries of plantations, &c. The snakes are supposed to be iron spikes, fixed point upwards in the ground. '
sb.
Snake
Snakes set
stones, sb. pi.
ammonites found in the
Snaply, adj. quickly. Snap the head off one,
v. to to ha' snapped the heed aff me.'
(2)
he very angry.
the handle of a scythe. ' Sned turnips,' to cut off the
sb.
Sned, (1)
Lias.
to cut.
v.
Snedden,
'
Feth, he was like
leaves'.
a large-sized sand-eel.
sb.
Snell, adj. supercilious
Snib, Sneck,
v.
;
to fasten.
Snicher, Snigger,
v.
impudent. Snib the window.' '
to giggle.
Sniffle, v. to sniff.
Snifter,
v.
Snifther,
to sniff.
sb.
a strong blast of wind.
Snifthers, sb. a cold in the head. sb. a juvenile thief, who steals the kites of other boys cutting the string and seizing the kite when it falls.
Snig,
Snirt, v. to
make
a noise through the nose
when endeavouring
by to
suppress laughter.
Snod, adj. cut smooth roof.
;
even
:
as the edges or eaves of a thatched
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. the thin part of a sea fishing-line, to which the hook
sb.
Snood,
95 is
fastened. to sneak.
v.
Snook,
an ill-tempered, sneaking
sb.
Snool,
Whether Snoot. stewed soo's snoot ? '
'
ye rether hae a soo's snoot stewed, or a an alliterative saying, to be said very quickly.
mucus of the nose
sb.
Snotther,
When snow
Snow.
To
'
expression
Snow
Snuggle,
term of contempt.
on the ground
said
it is
'
be
to
The is to disappear quickly. like snow off a ditch used in reference to families that have died off rapidly. '
go is
broth, Snoo broo, v.
also a
;
lingers
(1) waiting for more.' (2)
fellow.
wud
sb.
half-melted snow.
to nestle, as a child against its mother's breast.
Snurley, adj. gnarled or twisted.
So
(1) indeed
!
!
So I am,' so I will,' so it is,' are added apparently to make a statement more forcible. I will, so I will,' is considered to be stronger than merely I will. '
'
'
(2)
'
'
'
Soans,
sb.
Same
as
Sowans.
'
Sup sodns
wi'
an
elsin,'
attempt an
impossibility.
" The stones so saddened or Soddenecl. adj. wedged together, yoii cannot get one loose to throw at a fowl." EICHABD DOBBS, Description of the Co. of Antrim, 1683. Soft, Saft, adj. wet, as applied to weather. sb. pi. soda-water, lemonade, &c., as distinguished from whisky, &c., which are called hard drinks. Soil, (1) sb. fresh fodder for cattle.
Soft drinks,
(2) v. to feed cattle in
Soldiers, sb. pi.
burned, but
is
the house.
a red herring.
sb.
Sojer (soldier),
The little creeping sparks on paper that has been not quite converted into ashes, are called by children
soldiers.
Sole, (1) sb. a (2) sb.
'A window
sill.
the sod
;
grassy
turf.
Sonsy and douce, pleasant and Sonsy, adj. lucky. applied to a
Soo,
sb.
'
It's
sole.' '
The lawn has a good
sole.'
quiet.
not sonsy to do
that.'
woman.
Comely
;
stout
a sow.
Soogan, sb. a saddle of straw or rushes. Soo luggit, sb. with the ears hanging.
'
A soo
luggit horse.'
:
as
ANTRIM AND DOAVN GLOSSARY.
00
to sweep.
v.
Soop,
a part of a
sb.
Soople, (1)
See Flail.
flail.
(2) adj. flexible; active. sb.
Sooter,
a
the
fish,
gemmeous diagonal, CaU/onimuj Lyra.
' It's a sore day on the severe. Sore, (1) adj. sad ; unpleasant or Also He's a stocks,' i. e. a very wet day. pitiful contemptible. ;
'
sore fool.' v.
(2)
swore.
Same
Sore foot, adj.
as
'
a rainy day,'
i.
e.
bad times or
sickness.
Sore hand, Sair han',
sb. a disagreeable spectacle ; anything spoiled He fell in the mud, an' made a sore han o himsel'.' or disfigured. ' He tried to paint the boat, and made a sore hand of it.' 1
'
Sore head,
sb.
a headache.
To sit up like a sore thumb,' to sit with a superSore thumb, sb. cilious or unbending air. Sorra halt, nothing. Sorra hait rowled up in deil perlickit,' '
'
nothing at
all.'
Sorra mend ye, you deserve Sorra yin, not one. Sort,
to repair anything.
v.
Sosh, adj. snug Saucy.
Soud.
it.
v.
among
'
;
'
comfortable
Let them sand
it
;
neat-looking.
amang
themsel's,'
She's a
?'.
e.
let
snslt
wee
them
las=.'
settle it
themselves.
Sough, (1) sb. a hollow sobbing or groaning sound, caused by the wind or by running water the sound that conies from a great crowd ;
rumour or report of news. a calm till the tide comes in,' i. e. have patience. sough (2) 'Keep (3) v. to breathe loudly in sleep, but not to snore.
of persons at a distance
Sourlick, Sour'k,
Sowan
sb.
;
a
a sorrel,
Rumex
A
acetosa.
wud nae gi'e scrapin's pot. of anything very worthless.
So wans,
'
sb.
flummery
;
a sour gruel
o'
a soican pot for
'
it
made from the husks
:
said
of oats
called seeds. These are steeped in water till the liquor sours ; they are then strained out, and the fluid portion is boiled. This thickens into a kind of jelly on cooling.
Spadesman,
sb.
a
man accustomed
Spading, Spitting,
6-?>.
spade.
Spae,
v.
to foretell.
Spae fortunes,
v.
to dig.
the depth of soil raised at one time
to tell fortunes.
by the
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. sb. a man or fortunes or foretell events.
Spae man, Spae wife, tell
wean
to
v.
Spain,
Spaivied, adj. spavined. sb. a bound or spring. ' '
it
is
supposed can
a child or a foal.
" About three horse spangs frae the
Spang,
thicket.
woman who
97
HTTDDELSTON.
" As the terms Spangle, sb. a measure of hand-spun linen yarn. hank and spangle are not known to all readers, especially in their application to the quantities of hand-spun yarn, it may be stated that after the thread had been spun, it was wound off the spool on a reel, constructed so as to measure exactly ninety inches in circumference. Every hank contained a dozen cuts, each cut was 120 rounds of the Ireland and her reel, and four hanks were counted as a spangle." Seconded. Belfast: 1865. Staple Manufactures. to splash
v.
Spark,
with water or mud.
' I was liken to spark to deeth,' i. e. I Spark to deeth, v. to faint. was in a fainting condition. Eefers also to persons who can hardly recover breath after a paroxysm of coughing.
hail, sb. very small shot.
Sparrow
a spavin.
sb.
Spave,
Spawls, Spuls,
sb. pi.
Specs,
sb.
Speel,
v.
to climb.
Speer,
v.
to enquire.
Spelgh,
Same
as Horn-eel.
spectacles.
to splice.
v.
Spell-man,
Spend,
long-shaped fragments of stone or wood.
the gar-fish.
sb.
Spearling,
v.
a
sb.
man engaged
work by the job or
to
spell.
to deteriorate or 'go back,' as cattle if put
upon a poor
pasture.
Spenshelled, v. spancelled. is said to be spemhelled.'
A
cow with her
fore-feet tied together
'
Spentacles, Spit,
v.
sb. spectacles.
to rain slightly.
Split the differ,
buyer and Spoiled
v.
to divide the
five, sb. a
game
Spoke, v. to 'spoke a wheels by the spokes. Spool of the breast,
Spraughle,
sum which
is
the difference between
seller in bargaining.
(1) v.
sb.
of cards. cart,' is to force it
on by pulling round the
the bone in the middle of the breast.
to sprawl.
(2) sb. a straggling branch. II
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
98
Sprickly-beg, sb. a stickleback. sb. a cow in Springer, or Springin' cow,
keeper
of a chest lock.
to embroider muslin or linen.
v.
Sprig,
'
'
the
v.
Sprint,
about to calve.
v.
Springing,
calf.
sb.
Sprigging,
the occupation of embroidering muslin.
a mildew or disease to which growing flax as Firing.
is
sb.
Sprit,
Same
adj. miserable-looking
Sprnnged, sb.
Spuds,
what
sb.
Spuans,
is
;
subject.
starved.
vomited.
potatoes.
* Spulpin, sb. a corruption of the Irish word usually written spalpeen,' a troublesome or disagreeable fellow.
Spung,
a large pocket.
sb.
Spunkie, adj. high-spirited; courageous.
A
small double-pointed flat stick with a Spurtle, sb. a pot stick. T head, used for thrusting in the knots of straw, in repairing a thatched roof. '
farlies, v. to pry about for any thing strange. commin' in here to spy farlies.'
Spy
Now,
don't be
'
In cottages a wall called the ' hollan is built to screen hole, sb. the hearth from the observation of any one standing at the threshold but in order to allow a person within to see who approaches the door, a small hole, usually triangular, but sometimes four or five-sided, is made in the hollan,' three or four feet from the floor this is the
Spy
;
'
;
spy
hole.
Spy Wednesday,
Square,
Squig,
to quench.
v.
Same
sb.
Squinacy, Stab,
a squire.
sb.
Squench,
sb.
sb.
as
Stag,
Stagger,
Skeeg.
a quinsy.
a stake or post.
Stab, Beggar's stab, sb.
the "Wednesday before Easter.
the cry of wild ducks or geese.
sb.
Squagh,
sb.
a
sb.
Stagging, together,
sb.
a large thick needle.
game cock under a year old an attempt.
sb.
Same
a man's game.
and
an informer.
Stammer.
Two men
their wrists tied
knock each other down.
as
;
have their own ankles tied behind their back they then try to ;
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
99
Stag warning, sb. a boy's game. Stake and rice, sb. a kind of paling.
Stammer,
Ye
didn't
Four knitting needles
sb.
Stand,
'
an attempt.
sb.
Standard, sb. the upright stick of a Stand at peace ! stand quiet.
Stand by,
adj. reserved
Stand over,
Stank
kite.
a ditch or
sb.
;
haughty.
to warrant the quality of anything.
v.
'
'
sheugh in which water
lies.
hole, sb. a pool of stagnant water.
Stank water, Stanlock,
sb.
sb.
Stapple,
stagnant water.
sb.
a
fish,
the seath or grey lord, Merlangus carbonarius.
the stem of a pipe.
Stare like a stuck pig, sb.
Stchiven, Steek,
it.'
snack ; something taken in place of a regular meal.
(1) sb. a
off,
Stank,
at
stand aside.
(2) v.
Stand
make a bad stammer
are a stand.
a kind of sea-wrack on which pigs are sometimes fed. '
to shut.
v.
to stare in a stupefied manner.
v.
Steeped milk,
Steek your
e'en,'
shut your eyes.
curdled milk.
sb.
Steep grass, sb. Pinguicula vulgaris, used for cudling milk along with rennet. Stelk,
Sten,
sb. v.
mashed potatoes and '
to rear.
Sthroe,
sb.
the caterpillar of the tiger moth.
sb.
Also
straw. '
sb.
A
sti brae.'
Stickin', adj. obstinate
adv. always.
Stilts of
'
A sti roof,'
a high pitched roof.
a stye on the eyelid.
' If you throw Stick. a very dirty person.
Still,
Bean champ.
Granny.
Sti, adj. steep.
Stian,
as
Stennin' like a tip on a tether,' a comparison.
Step-mother's bairn, called
Same
the wooden cross bars in a window-sash.
sb. pi.
Stenchels,
beans.
a plough,
'
him ;
against the wall he
would
stick,' said
of
stiff.
He's
sb. pi.
still
asking
me
to do
it.'
the handles of a plough.
' It was so dark I couldn't see a stime before me,' Stime, sb. could not see anything at all.
H
2
i. e.
I
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
100 Stir, sb.
popular commotion
Stirk, sb. a
cow one
excitement
two years
or
'
old.
a concourse of people.
;
A
bull stirk,' a
young
bull.
stitch on.'
She hadn't a dry
'
Stitch, sb. clothes.
;
the side furthest from the wall. Stock, sb. the outside of a bed, i. e. I canna' sleep ony where but at the stock.' '
walk
Stoit, v. to
in a careless, staggering
way.
It is said that during the winter half of the year, the ^cold Stone. There is also a saying' Never side of every stone turns uppermost. sit on a stone in a month with an E in it.' sb.
Stone-checker, '
is
Stood,
;
also the cock stone-chat.
Your honour knows
'
withstood.
v.
The hen
I never stood your word.'
the 'shock' into which sheaves of corn are first built sheaves. generally from eight to eighteen
sb.
Stock, (1)
up
the wheatear
whin-c/iec&er.'
after being cut
(2) v. to sb.
Stookie,
men
stooks
'
or shocks.
the inflated skin of a dog or other animal, used by fisher-
as a float for their lines or nets.
Stooky,
a thick red composition used
sb. sb.
Stopple, Stour,
'
put up sheaves of corn in
by French
polishers.
a knot of hair in a brush. '
(1) sb. dust.
It
went
oft like
stour:' said of something that
has sold rapidly. (2) sb. a disturbance or row. Stove,
to suffocate with smoke.
v.
sb.
Straddle, '
back-band
the saddle on the back of a cart-horse on which the '
rests.
Strain the anklet, Strange,
v.
sb. to
to wonder.
sprain the ankle. '
I strange very
'
You're a great stranger,' Stranger. or you have not been here lately. Stravaig,
v. to
i. e.
much that you
didn't come.'
I have not seen
you
lately,
wander about. "
Stresses, sb. pi. Many of the inhabitants, particularly females, die in their youth of what they call stresses, that is violent heats from hard work." MASON'S Parochial Survey, 1814.
Strick, (1)
sb.
a small handful of flax fibre.
to arrange flax which has passed through the rollers, for the (2) scutchers, so as to make it as even as possible. v.
Strickle, sb. an oak stick covered with Same as Stroke. Strip, sb. the soil or clay
which has
to
emery for sharpening scythes. be stripped
off the surface of
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. a rock, before the rock can be quarried. thing to be got rid of.
cow that
a
sb.
Stripper,
is
101
Also called Red,
giving milk, but
not in
is
j. e.
calf.
Strippings, sb. the last milk taken from a cow at each milking the richest. Strit, sb. a plant,
Same
scythes.
it is
Juncus lamprocarpus. as Strickle.
a measure of potatoes containing two bushels.
(2) sb. co.
;
an oak stick covered with emery for sharpening
sb.
Stroke, (1)
some-
Dungiven,
Parochial Survey, 1814). to give a ' stroke of the harrow,' is to pass a harrow over
Deny (MASON'S
(3) sb.
land.
Stroop,
sb.
a spout, as
Strunt,
sb.
a sulky
'
sb. pi. stews,
Stughies,
Stump and rump, Stune,
sb.
Stupe,
v.
the stroop of the kettle.'
fit.
sb.
of a greasy
and coarse
description.
the whole.
a sting of pain. to bathe or sponge
any
part.
" Near the sea-coast a sort of Sturdy, Poyson, I take it, called rises in the oats and other grain, very offensive to the brain, darnell, and cannot be cleaned out of the corn ye country people call it sturdy, from the effects of making people light-headed." Description of the co. of Antrim, by BICHARD DOBBS, 1683. sb.
;
Such
an', such.
Suck
in, (1) sb. a deception.
'
Such
(2) v. to deceive
Suck
!
Sucky,
Suck sb.
a
!
;
an' a fine day.'
to mislead.
a call to a
calf.
calf.
'
You're neither sugar nor Sugar. reconcile a person to a wetting. " sb. sum of cattle in these
A
salt that
you'd melt
' :
said to
what they call a collop cow or bullock, of three years old, or a horse of that age though in some places a horse is reckoned a sum and a half. Eight sheep make a sum." HARRIS, Hist. co. Down, 1744. In some places six ewes and six
Sum,
is
parts
in other parts of Ireland, consisting of one full-grown ;
lambs make a sum.
'A month of Sundays' Sundays. back there for a month of Sundays.
=
a long time.
'I won't go
1
Sup, (1)
a small quantity of any liquid. a quantity. 'A good sup of rain
sb.
(2) sb.
fell last night.'
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
102
sorra, v. to be sorry grief,' a saying.
Sup
;
to repent.
'
Sup
sorra wi* the spoon
o'
Surely to goodness, adv. surely. (1) sb. a butcher's
Swab,
a
sb.
Sward,
tall,
thin man.
the swathe, or line of grass cut
sb.
adj. said of a wall that is
Swayed,
Sweer, adj. unwilling
;
slow.
'
sb.
Swinger,
scythe.
leaning to one side.
to singe.
v.
Swinge,
by the
a swivel.
sb.
Sweel,
= a butcher's boy.
a contemptuous term for a person.
(2) sb.
Swank,
swab
anything sb.
Swingle-tree,
big.
That conger
eel
's
a swinger.'
part of the tackle of a plough.
Swirl, sb. a whirling gust of wind.
a quarryman's term for a large ammonite.
sb.
Swirly,
Swither,
to be in doubt
v.
Switherin', undecided.
To be
S withers, sb. I'm in the '
Swurl
o'
Syne, adv.
sb.
Tack,
sb.
Tackle,
Tacky, Taen,
sb.
wun,
Synavug, a
Taapie,
swithers
'
;
to hesitate.
I'm switherin' whether to go or not.
'in the swithers,' wavering; to be undecided.
what
to do.'
a blast of wind.
soft crab.
Same
as a Peeler.
late.
a
silly, careless
woman.
a rancid taste or taint, in butter, &c.
sb.
a quick and rather troublesome child.
adj. sticky as varnish, not quite hard.
v.
Taickle,
taken. sb.
a randy
;
a talking, scolding
woman.
' Tail of the eye, sb. the corner of the eye. I saw him with the tail Now don't be watchin' me out of the tail of your eye.' of my eye.' '
Tak, or Take,
sb.
a piece of ground taken on lease.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
103
=
Take. 'Take to your beaters.' 'Take to your scrapers' run away. Take a hand at, v. to impose upon ; to banter ; to hoax. I know '
taJcin'
yer just
Take
a han' at me.' '
an' do, to do.
Take
Take bad, v. to take ill. Take in with, to overtake
do that
an'
'
a person.
at once.'
You'll soon take in with him.'
Taken on with, pleased with. 'They're greatly taken on with him." Take notice, v. an infant beginning to show that it observes things is
said to
Take
'
take notice.'
off, (1) si.
(2) v
Take
.
v.
stock,
'Dear! but you're a sore take
a mimic.
to mimic.
'
He
took her off to the
to take notice of
;
off.'
life.'
to observe.
Tak' yer tobacco, don't be in a hurry.
Tammock, Tanny,
Tap
o'
si.
a little knoll, in a bog or marsh.
a dark-complexioned (tawney) person.
sb.
sb.
kin,
the head of the family. '
Flax or tow placed on the rock of a spinning- Avheel, tow. Tap which if set on fire, would be all ablaze in an instant. Hence the He went aff like a tap oy tow' meaning he got into a flaming saying passion in an instant. '
o'
'
Tarble han',
terrible hand.
Same
as
Sore hand.
Tarbillest, adj. most terrible.
Targe, (1) (2) v.
sb.
A targein'
'
Targein'. Taste,
sb.
a scolding
woman.
to scold loudly. fine horse,' a
a small quantity.
'A '
Tasty, adj. tasteful; natty. Tatty, adj. untidy
;
Oh, he's a very tasty man.'
unkempt.
Tawpened,
adj. tufted as a fowl.
Tawpenny,
sb.
a hen with a tuft on
v.
to
run
Tear, (1)
(2) v. to
head.
fast.
knock or ring violently
at a door.
'
rat,'
saying.
tears were running down his cheeks like beetles said in ridicule of a child who is crying for nothing. '
Tears. :
its
[Teer] 'There's a tear in yer e'e like a threv'lin'
(3)
hill
very fine horse.
taste o' matches.'
The
up a
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
104
'He teemed
(1) v. to pour. throat.'
Teem,
'
rain. (2) sb. heaviest
I
was out
a pint of
it
down
the
dog's
in a perfect teem'
It would be no tellin',' i. e. it would not tell or count in Telling. It would be tellin' me a quare dale one's favour would be hurtful. if I'd knowed that afore,' i. e. it would have been of great consequence to me to have known, &c. '
'
a sant (tempt a saint), to be very annoying. a sant the way you're gettin' on.'
'
Temp
Tendered, '
The
made
v.
tender, as linen sometimes is by excess of moisture.'
would temp
It
in 'the bleach.'
fibre (of flax) tendered
Tent of ink,
sb.
as
much
ink as a pen will
lift
an ink-
at once out of
bottle.
Thairm,
sb. cat-gut.
He was that heavy we couldn't lift him.' That, (1) so. That's a used in sense of this. A. common salutation. (2) day,' means, This is a wet day.' '
'
soft
'
'
The day, Thee,
sb.
to-day.
you go the day, or the morrow
"Will
'
1
the thigh.
Thegither, adv. together. Theirsels, themselves.
The long eleventh of June, The more,
'
adv. although.
The morra come
saying, used as a comparison of length.
He
did
it,
the
more he said he wouldn't.'
niver, never.
The pigs ran through
it, something interfered to prevent the arrangement being carried out.
Thick,
'As
(1) adj. friendly; confidential.
(2) adj. in quick succession
;
thick as thieves.'
close together.
Think a heap, v. to like to value. We think- a heap of him.' Think long, v. to feel a longing to be home-sick. What's the matter with you; are you thinking long?' Think pity, v. to pity ; to take pity. I thought pity o' the chile he '
;
'
;
'
was that
cowl.'
Think shame, be ashamed. Thirtage,
sb.
meal paid
Same
'
Think shame
o' yersel',
child
as Mootther, or Moulter. The proportion of Obsolete, 1 believe.
to a miller for grinding.
sb. a name for a British shilling at the time British and Irish currencies were different. The shilling thirteen pence Irish.
Thirteen,
' !
when
the
was worth
105
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Thole, (1) '
(2) it,'
to bear; to endure.
v.
A haporth o' thole-weel, an'
a pennorth
o'
nivir-let-on-ye-hae-
as a cure for a trifling ailment.
recommended
Thon, adv. yon. Thonder, adv. yonder.
Thoom,
the thumb.
sb.
Thooms
a beating.
sb.
Thongin',
They might lick thooms tae the elbows,' i. e. We may lick thooms upon that,' a bad as the other. common saying when two parties agree to a bargain, or have a community of opinion (Ulster Journal of Archaeology). Thorn grey, sb. the common grey linnet. Also called Hedge grey. '
(thumbs).
the one
'
as
is
Thorough, or Thorra,
wise
adj.
sane.
;
'
The poor
fellow's not
1
thorough.'
a small quantity of anything.
sb.
Thought,
'
A
wee
thought,' a less
quantity.
Thraiveless, adj. careless ; silly, or restless, applied to a person disinclined to do anything, the disinclination arising from weakness. '
I
was
thraiveless after that
Thrapple, Thrap,
Thraw,
to twist
v.
" '
Them
;
long
the throat.
;
to turn.
Wha
scarce can thraw her neck half roun', Tae bid guid morn her neighbour." HUDDLESTON.
boots would thraw yer
Thraw a
illness.'
the wind-pipe
sb.
feet.'
rope, to be hanged (the weight of the
body causes the rope
to 'thraw').
hook,
sb.
a hooked stick used for twisting hay-rope.
Thraw mule,
sb.
a perverse and obstinate person.
Thraw
Thread the needle and sew, Threave, Threep,
Threshel,
to argue, or contest a point. sb.
the threshold.
Thristle cock,
Throm,
a children's game.
the straw of two stocks (shocks) of corn.
sb.
v.
sb.
sb.
common
the
bunting.
prep. from. '
Throng, adj. crowded.
The
streets
were very throng,' over-throng
=
over-crowded.
Through,
(1) adv. in the course of.
(2) adv.
a horse
'
I'll call
'
working through
land,'
through the day.'
means working
in fields,
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
106
Going through the floor ploughing, &c. as a nurse does with a restless child. '
= walking
'
about a room
Through-other, Throother, adj. confused ; untidy ; without order. His horse is all through-other.' She's a through-other sort o' buddy.' '
'
Throw,
v,
'
to cause.
It throws us that
we
can't get the place cleared
out.'
Throw
Throw by that owl hat
'
by, v throw away. .
aff ye.'
A
commission of three pence per stone on a threepence. Thrum, flax, paid by a flax buyer to a person who brings the buyer and seller together in open market. sb.
Thrumphry, Thrums, Thrush,
sb.
rubbish
sb.
sb. pi.
broken furniture.
;
the ends of the threads of a weaver's warp.
a boy's game.
Thrush, the,
a skin eruption.
sb.
feet, applied to a horse whose feet have become tender from the effect of dry hot weather.
Thrushed in the
Thump,
sb.
bean champ,
i. e.
mashed potatoes and beans.
He turned up his eyes like a duck in thunder,' Thunder. showed astonishment. '
Thunder-bolt, a stone celt '
Thunderin', very.
Thumderin* good hay."
Tib's eve, or St. Tib's eve, never. that's neither before Christmas nor ;
he
also a belemnite.
;
'
Thurrish, v. to be friendly, kindly, or accommodating. wouldn't thurrish together.'
Ticht, adj. smart
i. e.
'
active.
A
'
I'll
These people
marry you on Tib's
after,'
eve, an'
saying.
ticM, clean fellow.
1
Ticklish, adj. difficult; precarious. Tid, Tidge, sb. a fine warm bed for crops ; adj. the quality of soil ' that is fit for the reception of seed. That ground is in fine tid,' i. e. pulverised and dry. '
Tied.
He was
fit
to be tied,'
i. e.
in a great passion.
a children's game. The one that 'has tig,' chases the others Tig, till he gives tig to one of them by touching the one tigged then chases the others who avoid him as dangerous. Cross-tig,' is a modification of this game. sb.
'
'
'
;
'
Till, (1) sb.
heavy clay; the
(2) prep, used for to. Till iron, sb. a crow-bar.
Till
midden,
sb.
'
subsoil.
A'm
goin'
till
Lisburn.'
a manure-heap in a ploughed
field.
'
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. '
Time,
make time
If I can
(1)
You
kept time between (2) off the evil day. '
Time '
o'
To
day.
'
i. e.
day,'
you kept putting
day,' is to salute a person with
similar.
adj. timorous.
Timmersome,
What
sb.
o'
107
have time.
if I
you and the
bid the time
'
good morning or anything
Tin,
=
'
is
known
as
'
a
1
tin,
is
a tin
mug
or porringer.
the crust at the side of a loaf which has been one of the outside loaves of a batch.
Tinker's toast,
sb.
Tint, adj. one-third rotten, applied seasoning till it begins to decay.
that has been kept
a ram.
sb.
Tip,
wood
to
Tirl, Thirl, v. to turn
up something.
'
The wun'
thirled the thatch
las' nicht.' '
To, (1) adv. used for till. (2) prep, used for for.
Come
here to I kiss you.' get a bit to yourself.'
'You can
Toardst, adv. towards. a fox.
sb.
Tod,
To-morrow was a year, a year ago from to-morrow.
Tom
pudden, '
penny,'
sb.
the
little
grebe
;
'
also called,
'
penny-bird,'
drink a
Willie Hawkie.'
' Has a tongue wud clip clouts.' Has a tongue wud clip (1) iron or brass,' applied to a great talker, or to a person who has ' a '
Tongue,
cuttin' tongue.' (2) v. to scold.
Tongue thrash,
to scold.
v.
Tongue-thrashing,
Tonguing,
Too big
abuse
;
a scolding. a violent scolding.
riggit, adj. over rigged, as a boat.
(1) struck or caught.
Took,
v.
(2)
Took
sb.
sb.
went.
off, v.
Toom,
'
They
took
'
A
down
stone just took the old road.'
him
in the eye.'
ran away.
adj. empty.
Children when they are losing their first teeth, are told a tooth is taken out, that if they do not put their tongue into the hole, a gold tooth will grow.
Tooth.
when Top,
Top
v.
to lop off the top branches in pruning a hedge. '
pickle.
to the fairies.
The
top pickle of all grain belongs to the gentry,'
i. e.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
108
in banter ; a term of Tory, sb. a deceiving person, usually applied A rayl endearment for a child, thus' Ah you're a right tory? '
!
A
'
tory?
To the
a silly person.
sb.
Tothan,
sore tory,' &c.
fore, in existence.
Tottherry, adj. untidy
Touch,
ragged.
;
a loop of cord put round a horse's tongue or
sb.
lip.
an' hail, sb. (touch and heal), the St. John's wort, Prunella vulgaris is also so-called. perforation.
Touch
Tover,
a boaster.
sb.
Tovey, Toved, adj. puffed up
Tovy
firing.
to boast or brag.
v.
Tove,
peat sods used in
sb. pi.
Tours,
Hyporicum
sb.
eedyot,
a puffed
up
;
silly
;
self-important.
fool.
Towarst, adv. towards.
The 'toicn' is stinker, sb. a boy's game, played with a ball. circle on the ground, and two parties of boys take possession of it alternately, according to their success in striking the ball in certain directions.
Town
marked by a
'
In playing marbles, a boy who hits one marble may it,' i. e. he gets another shot.
sb.
Track,
take track off
(2)
Train,
to travel
v.
Tramp
be sickly
to
v.
a long, tiresome walk. not to thrive.
sb.
Traik, (1)
cock,
sb.
;
'
train.
by
He'll have to train
it
every day.'
a hay- cock, which has been tramped to
make
it
more
solid.
Trams, sb. pi. the portions of the shafts which project behind the body of a cart. They are also called Back-trams. Trash, Green trash, Travel,
to walk.
v.
sb. '
unripe or bad
I travelled
it
fruit.
every fut
o'
the way.'
sb. an iron hook and swivel used to connect a single or double tree with a plough or harrow.
Treadwuddy, Trench,
v.
Trig, (1)
to dig land
sb.
down
to the sub-soil.
the line from which persons jumping start from,
making the jump. (2) adj. neat; trim.
Trigged up, Trinket,
v.
v.
trimmed up
a small
artificial
;
settled.
water-course.
when
109
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. to trickle.
v.
Trinkle,
to
v.
Trodge, Trodger,
walk
;
to saunter.
a traveller on foot.
sb.
slow and petty dealing in the market. Troth an' I won't.' Troth, in truth. Troubles the, sb. the Irish rebellion of 1641.
Trog,
sb.
'
sb. trout height, the height that a trout can leap from the water, used as a standard or comparison of height.
Trout heaght,
common
sb. a small car, in the present farm carts.
Truckle, Truff,
use before the introduction of
to steal.
v.
Truff the ducks, a term applied to beggars and vagrants. a trowel.
sb.
Trule,
Trump,
sb.
a Jew's-harp.
(2) v. to trundle.
A
sb.
the wheel of a wheelbarrow.
sb.
Trunnel, Trinnel, (1)
'Away
truss of
is
out an' trinnel yer hoop.'
twelve score pounds.
Truss, hay is nine score (McSKlMlN, Hist. Oarrickfergus). '
Truth.
It's as
v.
(2) boots, they're trysted.'
;
'
v.
Trysted,
Tthur
Tuck
appointed.
Tthur
!
truss of straw
true as truth has been this long time,' saying.
an appointment. 'He put in a to make an appointment to bespeak.
(1) sb.
Tryste,
A
a
!
I have trysted to
tryste '
with his
girl.'
You can't have them
meet him on Monday.'
call for pigs.
stick, sb. a sword-stick.
Tune.
'
The tune the old cow died of,' a comparison for any air, or any particularly bad attempt at music.
unre-
cognizable
' It's not worth a ticket, sb. tuppenny ticket,' i. e. it's quite worthless. These 'tickets' were copper, tradesmen's tokens, value two-pence, of which considerable numbers were issued in the north of Ireland in the eighteenth century. They were about the size of farthings.
Tuppenny
form or build an
Turn an
arch,
Turned,
adj. slightly sour, applied to milk.
Turn-footins,
v.
to
sb. pi.
arch.
small heaps of cut turf.
Turnips. '
You may take one, And you may take two, But I'll
if you take three, take you.'
See under Clamp.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
110 to
Supposed out of a
be said by farmers concerning persons
field to eat
who
take a turnip
it.
Also Turn out the, sb. a term for the Irish rebellion of 1798. called The Hurries. Turn spit Jack, sb. a game at country balls, &c., in which young men compete by singing for their partners in the next dance. Turn the word, to contradict, or dispute the correctness of a state'
ment.
Twa,
I wouldn't begin to turn the word with you.'
nu. adj. two.
Twa hand boy, sb. a smart fellow. Twall, nu. adj. twelve. Twalmonth, sb. a year. Twict, Twicet, adv. twice.
Two
'Bent two double.'
double, adj. with pain or age.
Two-eyed beef-steak, Twussle,
sb.
sb.
'Going two
double,'
bent
a herring.
a tussle.
' Unaise, Unease, Unaisement, sb. an uneasy state. They got into an unaise when they heard about it.' It caused a great unaisement '
in the village.
1
Unco, adj. strange.
Underboard,
adj.
Underconstumble,
dead and v.
coffined,
to understand
but not yet buried.
;
to
comprehend.
Under
foot salve, sb. filth applied as horses, &c.
Unfeelsome,
a poultice
in
the
case
of
adj. unpleasant; disagreeable.
Unfordersome, adj. unmanageable.
Unknownce, Unknownst,
adv.
unknown.
Unpossible, adv. impossible. Unsignified, adj. insignificant.
Unsonsy, adj. unlucky.
Untimous, Upcast,
sb.
adj. at unseasonable times.
a reproach
Upon, prep. with.
'
'
;
something
cast
'
up
I take the medicine
Upsetting, adj. arrogant; assuming. people in the country.'
to one.
upon
milk.'
'The're the most upsettinest
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
Ill
the country people, sb. pi. persons from any part of Ireland, except the north-east of Ulster.
Up
Us, pron. me.
Vaig,
a disreputable, wandering person.
sb.
'
Vaigish, adj. vagrant.
To be
Vast. him.
Vaut,
'
A
vaigisli
looking person.'
vast against a person,'
is
to
be very
much opposed
to
a vault.
sb.
Vermint
rats, a great quantity of rats
o'
Waarsh, Worsh,
;
a plague of rats.
'A've got a warsh taste in
adj. insipid.
ma
mouth.' a weaver.
sb.
Wabster,
to wager.
Wad,
v.
Wag
at the wa',
sb.
a clock, of which the
pendulum
is
exposed to
view.
Wag
v.
on,
'
to beckon.
wagged on him
I
to
come
across the field
to me.'
Wait a wee, wait a little bit. Waited on, just expected to '
He's just a waitin'
Wakerife, Waukerife,
Wale,
(1) sb. that
(2)
v.
die.
'
He was
waited on last night.'
on.'
adj. wakeful.
which
is
chosen or selected.
to pick the best out of a quantity of anything.
a weaver's counting glass, which magnifies [wailing] glass, sb. a small portion of the surface of linen, and thus enables the set or count to be ascertained.
Waling
Walked
[I
sounded], adj. shrunken, applied to flannel that has shrunk The flannen 's as walked an' hard as a ca's lug [a calf s '
'
in washing. ear].
Wallop,
'
sb.
A
wallop of a horse,' a loose-limbed horse.
Walloping, v. floundering. A certain lake had overflowed its banks, and it was said that the eels were wallopiri through the fields.' '
Wallopy,
adj. loose limbed.
The potatoes Walter, v. they remain lying. '
lie
down and
waiter on the ground,'
i.
e.
Walthered, adj. mired or stuck in a boggy road, or swampy place. Whiles in the mornin' I find the branches of the trees all walthered and smashed,' broken down into the mire. '
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
112
adv. once.
Wanst,
Want,
v.
We
'
do without.
to
can't
want the pony the
'You're better wanting
Wanting, without.
Wants a square of being round said of a person who War-hawk, sb. a bailiff or summons server. :
Warm
wax
the
Warshness, something
not wise.
by a
desire to taste
salt or
are said to be caused
Warts
Warts.
is
in your ears, box your ears.
a sickish feeling, accompanied with a strong flavour.
sb.
day.'
that.'
by the foam
of the sea
if it
touches the hands.
Washing,
A
sb.
washing of clothes
much
as
is
as is
washed
at
once.
Wasslin', v. making a rustling or hoarse sound in breathing. you hear the chile wasslin' in his chest ?
'
Do
'
Wassock, sb. a wind-guard for the door of a cottage made of woven branches of birch or hazel. Same as Corrag.
Watch
out,
Water,
sb.
v.
to
watch
for
;
to look out for.
'The six-mile water.
a river.
inter-
'
1
Water-brash, the mouth.
sb.
a sensation as of water
Water-grass,
sb.
water-cress.
The Braid
coming up
water.'
the throat into
Water
guns, sb. pi. sounds as of gun-shots said to be heard around the shores of Lough Neagh and by persons sailing on the lake. The cause of the sounds, which are generally heard in calm, weather, has not been explained. The phenomenon is also spoken of as the Lough
shooting.
Water
of Ayr, sb. a kind of stone highly prized for hones ; boys' marbles are also supposed to be made of it. Sometimes called
Wattery vair. Water table, sb.
the channel at the side of a road.
Water wagtail, sb. the grey wagtail. Ance ill, aye toaur,' Waur, adj. worse. '
He's in a great way with her,' Way, with her, or in love with her. sb.
(2) What way are ye ? how do you do ? Ways, sb. way distance. '
'
'
'
;
Weak
saying.
'
turn,
sb.
Wean, Wain,
a fainting
sb.
a child.
fit.
i. e.
What way
It's
he
is
very
much taken
are ye commin' on
a great ways
off.'
'
?
t.
e.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
Wear
'
in, v.
The time
will soon
wear
in,'
i.
e.
113
the time will soon
pass.
The auld wearie on
Wearie.
'
Weasel,
sb.
The
the stoat.
Webber,
Week, Monday Wee,
v.
evil
wish or
curse.
of a rainbow seen in squally weather.
sb. pi. spiders.
a country linen buyer.
sb.
sb.
Wed,
an
true weasel does not occur in Ireland.
Weather gall, sb. the end Same as Dog. Weavers,
you,'
(Obsolete.)
hence the riddle or puzzle, 'Licht a can'le on mornin', an' it '11 burn tae the week's en'.' a wick
The garden wants a short time. In a wee '
weeded.
'
(1) sb.
to be iced' '
= in a short time.
(2) adj. little.
Weed,
sb.
a feverish attack to which
women
are sometimes liable.
Weel-faured, adj. good-looking.
Wee Wee Weel
folk,
Wee
knowin',
a small quantity;
what could be
perceived.
saired, adj. well served.
Weeny,
Same
little.
adj.
Wee
ones, sb. pi. children. afther thim.'
Wee
fairies.
people, sb. pi.
sb.
thing, a
little.
'
It's
sb. a round tray, carrying corn, &c.
Weght,
as '
Wee. There was a wheen
o'
wee ones follayin' 1
a wee thing sharp this mornin .'
made
of sheepskin stretched on a hoop, for
butter and sell cheese, sb. a children's game. Two persons stand back to back and interlock their arms ; then each, by bending forward alternately, lifts the other off the ground.
Weigh
Well? what? Well-blooded, adj. with a high complexion
Well
ink, sb. a medicinally.
Well, I think
Well of a part of an
Well put
!
marsh
;
rosy.
Veronica Beccdbunga.
an exclamation of surprise
;
indeed
It is
used
!
car, sb. a receptacle for luggage or parcels in the central outside car.' '
on, adj. well-dressed.
Welshmen plucking the wind
plant,
is
The
reverse
is 111
put on.
their geese, a heavy shower of S.E. or E.
snow when I
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
114
Welt the
flure, a call of
Wet-my-foot,
sb.
encouragement to persons dancing.
the quail
:
so called
from
its cry.
Also called Wet-
xny-lip.
Wet
shod, adj. having one's boots and stockings saturated.
He can take his whack.' good allowance of drink. or a share or slice of the profit, on a transaction. '
(1) sb. a
Whack,
A profit,
'
(2) Quality.
It's
not the whack,'
i. e.
not the quality
;
not up to
the mark. a beating.
sb.
Whalin',
Whammel,
to fall in a sprawling way.
v.
Whammle, Whummle, Whang,
v.
a thong
(1) sb.
:
to upset or
hence a
knock over something.
shoe-tie.
(2) sb. a large slice cut off a loaf. sb. the spool fastened passes which drives the spindle.
Wharve,
What
on a spindle over which the band
you at ? means what objection or What ails you at that man ? What
ails '
Thus
:
about ?
'
'
dislike ails
What come on you ? what happened to you 1 what What do they call you ? i. e. what is your'name ? What like is he ? what is he like 1 What way are "ye? how do you do? What way is he ? how is he ? Whatsumever,
Whaup,
sb.
!
delayed you
!
call for
a horse to stop.
' a quantity ; a number. Give us a wheen Wheen, ' I'll try it for a wheen o' days more.'
Wheepler,
sb.
them
nuts.'
sb.
a whistler.
a duck.
Wheetie-wheetie, a
call to
ducks.
Which? what? Which han' will ye have at
o'
to whistle.
v.
Wheetie,
1
adv. whatever.
sb.
it
stir-
a curlew, Numenius Arquata.
Whee Wee
Wheep,
have you to ?
you at your
'
it
in ? a taunt, meaning you won't get
all.
Whiles, adv.
now and then ;
betther an' whiles he's waur.'
'
occasionally.
Ogh, 'deed, whiles he's
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. '
Whillalooya.
Singing wTiillalooya to the day
115
nettles,'
dead and
buried. sb.
Whimper,
a whisper.
Whim-wham.
'
A whim-wham for a goose's bridle,'
April fools are sent in search
Whin
checker,
Whinge,
Whin
v.
to
grey,
the hen stone chat.
si),
whine
sb.
;
something that
of.
See Stone checker.
to cry in a complaining way.
a bird, the lesser redpole.
%
sb. furze.
Whins,
Whin-stone, sb. basalt. Whip, v. to run quickly.
Whish
Whisht
!
White,
v.
!
Wheesht
!
inter/,
hush.
to cut small chips off a stick
White-headed boy,
sb.
a favoured one
with a knife. ;
a mother's favourite
among
her boys.
White
horse,
White
side, sb.
sb.
a summons.
the tufted duck, or the
Whitey-brown thread,
young
of the golden eye.
a strong kind of thread
sb.
:
so called from
its colour.
Whitterick,
sb.
a small
Whitterick, Whitterit,
swimming sb.
bird, perhaps the little grebe.
the stoat, Mustela Erminea.
Whizeek, sb. a severe blow. Who's owe it? who owns it?
'
A hut him
Whnddin', v. applied to a hare when amuse itself.
Whnmper, sb. a whisper ; Whup, sb. a whip. Whutherit, sb. a stoat. Why but yon 1 why did
man ?
'
'
Why
but you
it
a whizeek on the lug.'
is
running about as
if to
a private intimation.
(or do)
hut him
you not 1 '
'
Why
but you
pay the
?
Wiley coat, sb. a short shirt of flannel, with short sleeves, open down the front, worn by men, sometimes next the skin and sometimes over another garment. Wilk, sb. a periwinkle.
Williard, adj. obstinate
Willie Hawkie, Willie-wagtail,
sb. sb.
the
;
self-willed.
little
grebe.
Also called Drink-a-penny.
the wagtail. I
2
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
116
Wilyart, Wulyart, adj. bashful to save or
Win, v. Wind.
dry hay,
;
stupid.
turf, &c.,
To get under the (1) early information about it. '
by exposure to the wind.
'
wind of any
affair is to get secret or
The following rhyme has regard to the various winds When the wind 's from the north
(2)
:
'
for cooling broth ; the wind 's from the south It blows the dust into your mouth ; When the wind 's from the east It's neither good for man or beast ; When the wind 's from the west, Then the weather's best. It's
good
When
Winedins, sb. pi. The head and foot which the horses turn are the winedins.
Wine
Wind
'ere,
'ere
?
rig in a
ploughed
field
on
a call to a horse to turn to the left or near
side.
Wink
o'
'
sleep, any sleep.
I didn't get a wink
o'
sleep for a week.'
a small roll of hay.
Winlin,
sb.
Winnie
stroe, sb. a stalk of withered grass.
Winter dyke,
sb. two strong fences of stones or earth crossing each other at right angles. These are erected on exposed pastures to shelter cattle left out in winter. Also a clothes-horse for drying clothes on.
Winter Friday, Wit,
(1) sb. '
(2)
knowledge;
He has
Witch's cradle,
Wite,
v.
a term for a cold, wretched-looking person.
sb.
intelligence.
to seek his wit yet,' said of
a Lias
sb.
fossil,
a
fool.
Gryphea incurva.
to blame.
Wi' the
This expression is taken han', favourable; easily done. from ploughing experience. When a man is ploughing across a sloping place, and has difficulty in getting the earth to lie back, he would say it was again the han' if otherwise, he would say it was wf the han'. The horse that walks on the unploughed land is said to be in the han' the other horse is called the fur horse,' because it walks in the furrow. '
'
;
1
'
'
'
'
;
Without, adv. unless.
V izzen,
sb.
Wobble,
v.
to shake
;
'
Without you do
it.'
the windpipe. to lather the face before shaving to be unsteady on the feet.
"Wobblin' brush,
"Wool cottar,
sb.
sb.
a shaving brush.
a cormorant.
;
to totter in walking
;
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY. Wool
wild
fire,
an eruption on the skin.
fire,
It spreads like wool
sb. news; a message. Word come that his brother was dead.' Did the master leave word when he would he home ? '
Word,
'
Oh, the manager an'
did you leave your words?
'Why
a falling-out.
sb.
Words, '
117
a comparison.
fire,''
'
'
me had
last place?'
Worm
month, sb. part of July and part of August ; a fortnight before and a fortnight after Lammas. "Everything that has life in
it
lives this
month." adj. worm-eaten, as
Worm-picked,
'Worse nor
lose
venture to do
Wraith,
Wran,
a
sb.
ye canna,'
i.
e.
wood.
you can but
sb.
Wrought
Wud, Won,
shadowy
on,
adj. enraged
;
I
was out in that
in the system. He took a swelling in his has wrought on him ever since.' '
mad.
sb.
'
a sprite' of a child.
Come
Wunnhur what
ails ye. 'A'll mak threat of a beating or punishment.
Wunnie
winnow
claith, sb.
when
it is
here, ye immnher, ye.'
ye wunrilmr what ails
cloth, a large cloth
winnowed by being tossed
ye,'
a
on which the grain
in the wind.
sels, sb. pi. ourselves.
Yammerin', Yimmerin', Yap,
'
the wind.
Wunnher,
Wur
you may
likeness of a person.
worked
v.
last July, an' it
sb.
falls
so
a wren.
Wringin', adj. saturated ; dripping with water. pour, an' I'm all wringing'
knee
lose,
it.
v.
complaining
a cross, peevish fellow. A. chicken or young turkey
;
grumbling.
(1) sb.
(2) v.
is
said to
yap when
it
makes
repeated calls for food.
Yappy, Yarn.
adj. thin '
Yarwhelp, It "is
;
Take the sb.
hungry-looking. yarn,' said of herrings
a bird mentioned
by Harris
something like a woodcock."
Yaup,
v.
Yeat,
sb.
to
bark
;
to cry as a
when they
(Hist. Co.
Called also
young bird
Down, 1744). Yarwhip.
for food.
a gate.
Yell, adj. dry, as a
strike the net.
cow when not giving milk.
ANTRIM AND DOWN GLOSSARY.
118 Yelloch,
a yell.
sl>.
Yellow-man,
.*?&.
a kind of toffee
made
of treacle and flour.
Whiles a whitterick yerps like a dug,' v. to yelp. ,' stoat sometimes yelps like a dog.
Yerp,
Yilley-yorlin, Yella-yoit, Yella-yert, yellow bunting.
sb.
the
i. c.
a
yellow-hammer or
Yin, adj. one. erran', on particular or special purpose. ends erran' for it.'
Yin ends
v.
Yirnin', Yermerin',
Yoke, Yok, Yirlin,
sb.
v.
you
complaining.
sb'.
you and others
way
your lifetime ;
like
you
in the same line
;
of thinking. all
your days.
'
The watch
will last
day.'
You're no uns,
;
a yellow-hammer.
Your day,
Your
grumbling
else, i. e. are, or the same
you your
y'm
to attach a horse to a cart or other vehicle.
You and you as
He went
the side of a boot.
sb.
Yirkin,
'
you are not
fit,
sb.
able.
your family.
Yous, pron. ye.
'
Yoits can't get
commin' through
this way.'
You've only the half of it, a reply to the observation, I'm glad to have seen you,' meaning I am as glad as you are.' The dog yowled when I clodded a stone at him.' Yowl, v. to howl. '
'
'
Yowlin',
Yuky,
Zinc,
sb.
a howling or yelping noise.
adj. itchy.
sb.
This word
is
sometimes sounded as of two
ess-zinc.
BTOGAY: CLAY AND TAYLOR, PRINTERS.
syllables,
thus
PE 1857 D58 1878
Dickinson, William A glossary of words and phrases pertaining to the dialect of Cumberland C 2d ed. , rev. and extended^
PLEASE
CARDS OR
DO NOT REMOVE
SLIPS
UNIVERSITY
FROM
THIS
OF TORONTO
POCKET
LIBRARY