© Lonely Planet Publications
Africa
p hrasebooks
acknowledgments Africa phrasebook 1st edition – June 2007 Published...
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© Lonely Planet Publications
Africa
p hrasebooks
acknowledgments Africa phrasebook 1st edition – June 2007 Published by Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd ABN 36 005 607 983 90 Maribyrnong St, Footscray, Victoria 3011, Australia Lonely Planet Offices Australia Locked Bag 1, Footscray, Victoria 3011 USA 150 Linden St, Oakland CA 94607 UK 72–82 Rosebery Ave, London, EC1R 4RW Cover illustration Jammin’ by Wendy Wright ISBN 978 1 74059 692 3 text © Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd 2007 cover illustration © Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd 2007 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Printed through the Bookmaker International Ltd Printed in China All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except brief extracts for the purpose of review, without the written permission of the publisher.
This book is based on existing editions of Lonely Planet’s phrasebooks as well as new content. It was developed with the help of the following people: • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Wilna Liebenberg for the Afrikaans chapter Daniel Aboye Aberra for the Amharic chapter Shalome Knoll for the Arabic chapter Michael Janes for the French chapter Izabela Will for the Hausa chapter Vololona Rasolofoson for the Malagasy chapter Robert Landon for the Portuguese chapter Chenjerai Shire for the Shona chapter Martin Benjamin for the Swahili chapter Fiona McLaughlin for the Wolof chapter Harrison Adeniyi for the Yoruba chapter Russell Kaschula and Thanduxolo Fatyi for the Xhosa chapter Derek Gowlett for the Zulu chapter
Thanks also to thank Jean-Pierre Masclef (French) and Yukiyoshi Kamimura (Portuguese) for additional language expertise.
Lonely Planet and the Lonely Planet logo are trade marks of Lonely Planet and are registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and in other countries.
Although the authors and Lonely Planet have taken all reasonable care in preparing this book, we make no warranty about the accuracy or completeness of its content and, to the maximum extent permitted, disclaim all liability arising from its use.
Lonely Planet Language Products Publishing Manager: Chris Rennie Commissioning Editors: Karin Vidstrup Monk (assisted by Branislava Vladisavljevic) & Rachel Williams Editor: Vanessa Battersby Assisting Editors: Branislava Vladisavljevic & Francesca Coles Managing Editor: Annelies Mertens
Layout Designer: Margie Jung, Jacqueline Mcleod & Pablo Gastar Managing Layout Designer: Sally Darmody Cartographer: Wayne Murphy Series Designer & Illustrations: Yukiyoshi Kamimura Title Illustration: Wendy Wright
ac kno w led gmen t s
Lonely Planet does not allow its name or logo to be appropriated by commercial establishments, such as retailers, restaurants or hotels. Please let us know of any misuses: www.lonelyplanet.com/ip
5
contents Afk
Amh
Arb
Fre
Hsa
Mgy
Por
Sho
Swa
Wol
Xho
Yor
Zul
pronunciation 10
28
46
64
78
96
79
97
114
128
146
164
182
200
218
129
147
165
183
201
219
29
47
30
48
65
80
98
115
130
148
166
184
202
220
220
30
48
65
80
98
115
130
148
166
184
202
border crossing 13
31
32
66
81
99
116
131
149
167
185
203
221
50
67
82
100
117
132
150
168
186
204
222
67
82
100
117
133
150
168
186
204
222
68
83
101
118
133
151
169
187
205
223
84
102
118
134
152
170
188
206
223
135
153
171
189
207
225
136
154
172
190
207
226
119
136
154
172
190
208
226
119
137
155
173
191
209
227
transport 14
32
50
Hsa
Mgy
Por
Sho
Swa
Wol
Xho
Yor
Zul
20
38
71
88
106
121
139
157
174
192
210
228
71
89
107
121
139
157
175
193
211
229
72
90
108
122
140
158
176
194
212
230
73
91
109
123
141
159
177
195
213
231
57
21
39
57
22
40
58
23
41
59
culture section
49
tickets 14
Fre
dictionary
time, dates & numbers 12
Arb
medical needs
language difficulties 12
Amh
emergencies
introduction 11
Afk
eating out
history timeline food festivals sustainable travel (including safari)
index
235 236–239 240–241 242–245 246–250 251
directions 15
33
51
accommodation 16
34
52
68
banking & communications
6
35
53
69
85
103
86
103
86
104
119
tours 17
36
54
shopping 18
36
54
69
making conversation 19
37
55
69
87
105
CO NTE NTS
C ONTE NTS
17
7
SENEGAL Ouagadougou
BURKINA FASO
M A LI Ni
g
Niamey
Tripoli
Italy
Yaounde
SAÕ TOME & PRINCIPÉ
French
Arabic
Amharic
Afrikaans
Gaborone
b
Maputo
Wolof Xhosa
Malagasy Portuguese Shona
Swahili
Maseru
Mamoudzou
MAURITIUS Port Louis
RÉUNION
St-Denis
Zulu
Yoruba
Antananarivo
MADAGASCAR
MAYOT TE
Note: Language areas are approximate only. For more detail see the relevant introduction.
SWAZILAND LESOTHO
Mbabane
am
Hausa
SO U T H A FR IC A
L i mp
Tshwane (Pretoria)
BOTSWANA
Lilongwe
COMOROS
Moroni
SEYCHELLES
Victoria
I N D I A N O CEA N
SO M A L IA
Mogadishu
Pemba Zanzibar Mafia
MOZAMBIQUE Z ZIMBABWE
Harare
Kariba
o
Cape Town
Lusaka
Z A M B IA
MALAWI
Ma l a w i
TA N Z A N IA
Dodoma
Nairobi
Vi c t o r i a
op
Bloemfontein
N A M IBIA
A N GO L A
Windhoek
Luanda
Brazzaville
DJIBOUTI
KEN YA
Tu r ka na
Addis Ababa
Oman
Qatar U.A.E.
Iran
Turkmenistan
Suqutra G u l f o f (Yemen) Aden Djibouti
Yemen
Saudi Arabia
Iraq
Armenia Azerbaijan
E T HIO P IA
Ta na
ERITRE A Asmara
i
LAN GUAGE MAP
1000 km 500 mi
i
UGANDA Kampala
te
SU DA N
e
ez
0 0
S O UT H ATL A NTI C OC EA N
ngo
Bangui
Co
il
Khartoum
N
Na s s er
EGY P T
Cairo
Syria
Israel & the Jordan Palestinian Territories
Cyprus Lebanon
CONGO DEMOCRATIC RWANDA REPUBLIC BURUNDI OF CONGO Ta nga nyi ka Kinshasa (ZAÏRE)
GABON
Libreville
EQUATORIAL GUINEA Malabo
Gulf of Guinea
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Njadema
CHAD
LIBYA
C h ad
N IG ER
Tunis
Turkey
ile
AF RICA – AT A GLA NCE
Conakry Freetown
Greece
rr an ean S ea TUNISIA
Me dit
A LGE RIA
Algiers
er
BENIN NI GERIA CÔTE Abuja D’IVOIRE V olTOGO ta Yamoussoukro SIERRA LEONE GHANA Monrovia Cotonou Accra Lomé LIBERIA CAMEROON
GUINEA-BISSAU GUINE A
Bamako
Nouakchott
Banjul GAMBIA Bissau
Dakar
Spain
MOROCCO
Rabat
M AUR ITA N IA
Canary Islands (Spain)
Madeira (Portugal)
N O R T H Portugal ATL A NTI C O CE AN
Nile
Africa
e N
Lua l a b
Bl u
W hi
a
Nl e
LA NGUAGE MA P
a
8 Se Mo za Ch mb an iqu ne e l
e d Re
9
© Lonely Planet Publications
10
In addition to its many other attractions, Africa offers incredible linguistic diversity. Most African languages belong to one of the following four language families: AfroAsiatic, Nilo-Saharan, Niger-Congo (with the Bantu languages as the major branch) and Khoisan. In addition, the languages of Madagascar belong to the Austronesian language family. Even though the number of languages spoken in Africa is huge (around 1000), most of them have less than a million speakers. On the other hand, more prominent languages usually also serve as regional lingua francas – such as Swahili in East Africa. Luckily for English speakers, most African languages use Roman script and there’s a general correspondence between the pronunciation and the written form of words. Arabic has a particularly important status in the north and northeast of the continent, due to its proximity to the Middle East and the Arab conquests of North Africa from the 7th century. Among the African languages, Amharic is linguistically closest to Arabic, as they both belong to the Semitic group of the Afro-Asiatic family. In addition, they’re both script languages, but the two scripts are quite different. Due to the 19th-century European colonisation of Africa, a few European languages (particularly English, French and Portuguese) are still influential in various African countries and even share official status with native African languages. English is predominantly represented in the east and the south, French in the north and the west, and Portuguese in the east and the west of the continent. A unique linguistic feature of Africa is Afrikaans, which belongs to the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family. It was created as a result of the 17thcentury Dutch colonisation of the south of the continent. Although still very similar to Dutch, Afrikaans is now considered a language in its own right.
did you know? • The African Union (AU) was established in 2000 by the adoption of the Constitutive Act at the Lome Summit (Togo). It developed from the African Economic Community and the Organisation of African Unity. It has 53 member states, covering the entire continent except for Morocco. The AU is governed by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government and the Pan-African Parliament. • The home of the AU is Addis Ababa in Ethiopia. The AU anthem is the song ‘Let Us All Unite and Celebrate Together’. The AU flag combines green, yellow and gold colours, with the emblem showing the African continent in the middle. • The official languages of the AU are all African languages, as well as Arabic, English, French and Portuguese. The African Academy of Languages (founded in 2001) strives to preserve African languages and promote their use among the African people.
AF RICA – AT A GL ANCE
AF RICA – AT A GLAN CE
africa – at a glance
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