Arabic-English Thematic Lexicon

Arabic–English Thematic Lexicon The Arabic–English Thematic Lexicon is an invaluable resource for all learners of Arabic. It contains some 8,000 entries, arranged into themes, including flora and fauna, food and drink, the human body, health care, the family, housing, clothing, education, IT, sports, politics, economics and commerce, the law, media, language, geography, travel, religion, arts, science and natural resources. Three appendices cover the names of Arab and selected non-Arab regions, countries and capitals, and international organisations. The entries in the Lexicon have been drawn from an extensive corpus of contemporary Standard Arabic vocabulary, based on authentic sources. In addition to verbs, nouns and adjectives, the Lexicon includes phrases and commonly used collocations, providing users with the necessary vocabulary in order to communicate effectively and confidently in both written and spoken Standard Arabic. The Lexicon is an indispensable vocabulary-building tool, as well as a useful reference guide. Daniel Newman is Reader in Arabic and Course Director of the MA in Arabic/English Translation at the University of Durham.

Arabic–English Thematic Lexicon Daniel Newman

First published 2007 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, UK Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016

This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2007. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2007 Daniel Newman All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Newman, Daniel, 1963– [Arabic–English lexicon] The Arabic/English thematic lexicon / Daniel Newman. – 1st ed. p.

cm.

1. Arabic language – Dictionaries – English. PJ6640.N46

I. Title.

2007

492.7′321—dc22

ISBN 0-203-96087-4 Master e-book ISBN

ISBN10: 0–415–42093–8 (hbk) ISBN10: 0–415–4094–6 (pbk) ISBN10: 0–203–96087–4 (ebk) ISBN13: 978–0–415–42093–8 (hbk) ISBN13: 978–0–415–42094–5 (pbk) ISBN13: 978–0–203–96087–5 (ebk)

2006037980

Contents Introduction | 1 Fruit | 7 Flora | 8 Herbs and spices | 10 Vegetables | 10 Animals | 11 Mammals | 11 Birds | 14 Marine animals | 16 Reptiles and insects | 17 Animal sounds | 18 Food and drink | 19 The human body | 27 Diseases and health care | 36 The family, human relations and emotions | 48 Housing and construction | 63 Clothing | 71 School and education | 77 General | 77 Sciences and academic subjects | 85 Computing | 86 The media | 91 Sports | 94 Arts and entertainment | 100 Politics | 104 Law and order | 120 The military | 126 Economics and commerce | 135 Agriculture and farming | 150 Natural resources | 153

vi

CONTENTS

Tools and equipment | 156 Time | 160 General | 160 Days of the week | 163 The seasons | 163 Months | 164 Gregorian | 164 Islamic | 164 Coptic | 164 Geography | 165 Natural geography | 165 Urban geography | 168 Travel and mobility | 169 General | 169 Communications | 173 Air | 175 Sea | 176 Rail | 178 Road | 179 Traffic | 179 The car | 181 The weather | 184 Language and communication | 186 Religion | 191 General | 191 Islam | 192 Christianity | 195 Colours | 198 The zodiac | 199 Weights and measures | 200 Appendix I | 202 Arab regions, countries and capitals | 202 Appendix II | 203 Selected non-Arab regions, countries and capitals | 203 Appendix III | 204 International organizations | 204

Introduction

The task of the ‘harmless drudge’, as Dr Johnson

Unfortunately, things do not stop here for the

called the lexicographer, is always challenging, and,

Arabic lexicographer as within the normative variety

it must be said, often thankless. Such is the ever-

there are often a number of competing

changing nature of language that no sooner has a

geographical variants. This matter is not unrelated

dictionary appeared than it is already to some

to the fact that there are a number of Arabic

extent out of step with the living language. Consider,

Language Academies (Egypt, Iraq, Jordan and

for instance, the developments in computing and

Syria). For instance, ‘mobile telephone’ can be

the Internet and the concomitant surge in new

rendered by the following:

terminology in the space of just one decade. In the case of Arabic, the lexicographer’s task is

‫ﺟّﻮال‬ َ , ‫َﻧَﻘﺎل‬, ‫ُﻣَﺘﻨَّﻗﻞ‬, َ , ‫ﺤُﻤﻮل‬ ‫ﺳَّﻴﺎر‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬, ‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺧَﻠِﻮ‬ َ (‫ﻫﺎِﺗﻒ‬/‫ﺟﻬﺎز‬ ِ ) and ‫ﺤّﺮك‬ َ ‫ﻫﺎﺗﻒ ُﻣَﺘ‬, all of which are fus.h.a¯ terms. The

further complicated by the phenomenon of

only difference between them is where they were

diglossia – i.e. the coexistence of several varieties

originally coined and their place (and frequency) of

along an acro-basilectal continuum – and the fact

usage: the first three tend to be used more in North

that many of the regional dialects are mutually

Africa, the fourth in Egypt, the fifth in the Levant and

unintelligible.

the sixth in some areas of the Gulf. Naturally, the

The normative variety of the language, which is

Arabic speaker understands all coinings, but in the

commonly referred to as Modern Standard Arabic

standard variety of his/her native area, one of them

(MSA) – the so-called fus.h.a¯ ( ‫ – ) ُﻓﺼﺤﻰ‬is the

will probably be used to the exclusion of the others.

closest to the Classical Arabic of the Qur’a¯n in

What is more, it is very likely that in informal

terms of grammar. This variety, which, of course,

contexts the same speaker will use none of the

has been subject to many changes, not least in the

above, choosing instead the borrowing ‫ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻞ‬

area of lexis, is a language that is used exclusively

(‘mobile’) or ‫‘( ﺟﻲ أس أم‬GSM’)!

for official and literary purposes. It diverges greatly,

It is in the area of terminology, or specialized

as it always has done, from the everyday language

language, that this problem is sometimes the most

spoken by people in the street. Indeed, it is worth

acute. It is particularly problematic, of course, in the

remembering that this variety has no mother-

sciences where the prevailing orthodoxy is that of

tongue speakers – it is the dialect which is the native

one-to-one correspondence, i.e. one meaning, one

language of the Arabic speaker. The normative

term. In reality, this principle is consistently

variety is also the link language which allows

overridden in Arabic where a plethora of terms may

educated Arabic speakers from Morocco to Iraq to

render one English scientific term. For instance, in

communicate with one another.

research the present author conducted some time

In this Lexicon the emphasis is squarely on the

ago, no fewer than thirteen terms were found for the

standard language, rather than a given colloquial

English linguistic term ‘phoneme’, all of which are

variety.

used interchangeably by specialists in the field.

2

INTRODUCTION The large number of (near-)synonyms and/or

differently, the author attempted to include only

competing coinings make it very difficult for the

those terms whose use transcends a single country

lexicographer to make a choice, particularly as

or area. In any event, it is impossible to remain

consulting native speakers may sometimes

entirely immune from accusations that such and

obfuscate, rather than clarify, the issue. For

such a term is less ‘accurate’ or ‘widespread’ than

instance, an educated speaker from, say, Iraq will

another.

state that a given term is the one in use in Standard

Rather than a collection of entries culled from

Arabic (or at least that used in Iraq), whereas an

various dictionaries, the Lexicon is based on a

educated Moroccan speaker will comment that

corpus compiled over a period of many years, with

s/he has never encountered that very same word.

the author relying on authentic data drawn from

In most cases the informant will recognize that it is

both written and audiovisual sources from a wide

Standard Arabic, but in others they will condemn

variety of countries. Only words whose usage was

the term for being a colloquial variant.

attested in a number of sources were included in

At the same time, one should not exaggerate the problem either. The above remark applies to certain

the Lexicon. The first question any dictionary compiler needs

fields more than others, whereas in most cases the

to address is whether the work deserves to be

same word is used across the Arabic-speaking

done, i.e. whether it fills a gap of some sort. The

world.

second one involves the target audience: who will

In a work of this kind, one solution would be to list all ‘standard’ terms, irrespective of where they are used. Instead, it has been decided to select the one

be using the book, and perhaps equally important, why? The origins of the Lexicon grew out of a desire

that is most frequently encountered in the corpus

and need to provide students with core vocabulary

for a number of reasons, the principal one being

conveniently grouped together in thematic

userfriendliness, since it was never intended to

categories. Indeed, none of the basic vocabulary

produce a Thesaurus. In the event of several

lists met this goal, whereas textbooks often

competing forms occurring with similar frequency,

frustratingly, albeit understandably, only give limited

each was retained, with the reader being referred to

vocabulary relating to the same semantic field: for

the definition given elsewhere: e.g.

instance, students will be given only five colours, say, and will be expected to start compiling their

‫َﺑْﻴﺖ‬

:

house

own lists or, if they are lucky, rely on those provided

‫دار‬

:

see ‫ﺑﻴﺖ‬

by the teacher. Furthermore, it is much easier to assimilate lexis if it is presented in a logical and

On the whole, geographically determined MSA terms were excluded. For instance, it is well

coherent format. Like so many lexicographical endeavours, this

documented that in former French colonies such as

Lexicon started out as a series of lists, which were

Tunisia, Algeria, or Lebanon, a number of MSA

handed to students when a particular area of

terms in use are calques from French, whereas in

vocabulary was tackled, i.e. for general vocabulary

many countries in the Middle East there is often a

building, lexical extension, as well as translation

noticeable influence from English. To put it

exercises.

INTRODUCTION It is important to point out that, while the Lexicon was initially drawn up for learners of Arabic, it is equally suitable for Arabic-speaking learners of

3

order to be able to interpret and use the information effectively. Throughout, the primary aim has been to

English, for whom the book will also be a very useful

provide all but the most technical vocabulary

vocabulary-building tool.

relating to a large number of fields which language

Arguably, one of the the first thematic vocabulary

users are likely to encounter. Naturally, choices

lists was that compiled by the great French Arabist,

again had to be made, in terms of the field in

Charles Pellat (L’Arabe Vivant : mots arabes

which certain words would have to be put, or the

groupés d’après le sens et vocabulaire fondamental

number of words in each field. Both questions

de l’arabe moderne, 1961). Based on a study of a

were addressed pragmatically, and within

number of newspapers, the lexicon contains 6,000

practical constraints of length. Furthermore,

words which are ordered according to themes, but

the size of each category also depended on the

not alphabetically (though the book came with,

nature and scope of the semantic field, and it is

unfortunately all too often unreliable, French and

hardly surprising therefore that the section on

Arabic alphabetical indices)! Other endeavours

‘Politics’ contains significantly more terms than

followed, both in the West and in the Middle East,

that on ‘Fruit’. In theory, there was no fixed

yet none fully met students’ needs for a number of

maximum (or minimum) number of words for

reasons, ranging from layout and presentation (e.g.

each category.

either only transliteration or only Arabic script

As for the classification, there are, of course,

without vowelling), to the number and types of

cases in which the ultimate choice may be

categories included, or the absence of collocations

debatable, and to some degree subjective.

and of basic grammatical metatext.

However, one would hope that the inclusion of the

The present Lexicon is intended to meet the

term is considered more important than the

needs of students at all levels who wish to expand

category in which it is placed. Similarly, some

their vocabulary in a large number of everyday

users will undoubtedly lament the absence of this or

fields. The Lexicon contains about 8,000 entries,

that term, which they deem absolutely imperative

and also includes phrases and collocations. It can

for the student. All that can be said in defence is

be used for both passive and active vocabulary use.

that there was undoubtedly good reason to do so,

Students who have mastered the vocabulary

either because it was too technical, colloquial, or

contained in the Lexicon will be able to

synonymous with a term that was attested more

communicate effectively and confidently in most

often in the author’s corpus.

daily contexts, both orally and in writing. The thematic ordering makes the Lexicon eminently practical and suitable for both home and classroom use. At the same time, the layout encourages browsing. Although the Lexicon is designed for use by Arabic learners at all levels,

Consistently, the basic premise has been to class entries together as much as possible in meaningful categories and subcategories. If (near-)synonyms are provided in English, they are separated by a comma. The next question is a very practical one, i.e. how

both in formal and informal settings, the user must

to use the dictionary. The entries are arranged

have a basic knowledge of Arabic grammar in

according to themes and appear in straight Arabic

4

INTRODUCTION

alphabetical order within each category. In cases

In cases where the plural is only rarely used, as is

where the lemma includes the article ‘‫’ال‬, it is

the case for a number of fruits, it is given but

listed according to the first character of the base

enclosed in round brackets: e.g.

word: e.g. ‫ﺪاﻣﺎ‬ َّ ‫‘( اﻟ‬draughts’) appears under ‘‫’د‬,

not ‘‫’ا‬.

Unlike in many Western dictionaries of Arabic,

‫ُﻛَﻤْﺜَﺮى‬

(coll.) pear

َ ‫)ُﻛَﻤْﺜ‬ (pl. ‫ﺮﻳﺎت‬

words patterned on the same root are not listed together, but in strictly alphabetical order. So, for

ِ (‘key’) are not instance, ‫‘( َﻓَﺘﺢ‬to open’) and ‫ﻣْﻔﺘﺎح‬ listed together. The main reason behind this was, once again, ease of use.

Specific phrases which are often found on signs are capitalized: e.g.

‫ﺨُﺮوج‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻤُﻨﻮع اﻟ‬

NO EXIT

In line with common usage, Arabic verbs are

ِ ‫)اﻟﻤﺎ‬ listed in the third person singular preterite (‫ﺿﻲ‬

All Arabic words are fully vowelled; the absence of transcriptions has been a conscious choice

form. The appropriate conjugation vowel of the

ِ ‫ )اﻟُﻤﻀﺎ‬is first-form (base-stem) imperfect (‫رع‬

inasmuch as it has a number of disadvantages, not least the fact that the learner will attempt to store

added in brackets next to the entry: e.g. two ‘forms’ in the mental lexicon, rather than one,

‫س‬ َ ‫( َدَر‬u)

i.e. the Arabic graphemic form. It is also hoped that

to study

beginners, in particular, will benefit from the If there is more than one possible vowel, both variants are given: e.g.

‫ﺶ‬ َ ‫ﺧَﻤ‬ َ (i, u)

additional reading practice. Arabic nouns appear in pausal form, without the so-called ‘nunnation’ (‫)َﺗْﻨِﻮﻳﻦ‬, i.e. case endings,

to scratch

In the case of so-called ‘weak’ verbs (those in which one of the root letters is ‫و‬, ‫ ي‬or ‫)أ‬, the full imperfect third person singular form is given: e.g.

‫ﺼُﻞ( إﻟﻰ‬ ِ ‫ﺻَﻞ )َﻳ‬ َ ‫َو‬

except for some accusative and genitive indefinite inflections: e.g.

‫َﻣﺠﺎﻧًﺎ‬

free (of charge)

‫ض‬ ٍ ‫ﻗﺎ‬

judge

to arrive in

The plurals of Arabic words are only given if they

‘Diptote’ forms, i.e. those with reduced inflections, are indicated by means of a superscript

are in some way irregular, i.e. if it involves a so-called

ُ ‫َﻣﺪاِر‬. d.amma ( ُ ) over the final consonant: e.g. ‫س‬

‘broken’ plural, or in cases of deviating pluralization

The diptote marking is omitted, however, in recent

(e.g. a sound feminine plural for words without the

borrowings and proper nouns as the inflected

feminine marker ‫ة‬, i.e. ta¯’ marbu¯t.a): e.g.

endings in those cases are never pronounced:

‫ﺑﺎب‬

door

pl. ‫أْﺑﻮاب‬

ُ ‫)ﺑﺮﻟﻴ‬, ‘Berlin’. e.g. ‫*( ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ‬not ‫ﻦ‬ Relevant grammatical information is provided when necessary for both Arabic and English entries: e.g. English infinitives appear with ‘to’, whereas in

‫ﺧﻢ‬ ‫ﻀ ﱢ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

amplifier

cases of ambiguity, the appropriate grammatical category (e.g. adjective, noun) is indicated. Useful

INTRODUCTION

5

collocations are also listed, as are prepositions:

adj.

adjective

e.g.

adv.

adverb

coll.

collective (noun)

el.

electricity

f.

feminine

fig.

figurative

gen.

generic (noun)

intrans.

intransitive (verb)

math.

mathematics

n.

noun

n. un.

unit noun

o. self

oneself

pass.

passive (voice)

perf.

perfect tense

pl.

plural

prep.

preposition

different meanings are part of the same field, then

Qur.

Qur’an

they appear numbered next to the entry: e.g.

s.o.

someone

s.thing

something

1. raven

trans.

transitive (verb)

2. crow

v.

verb

‫ات‬‫ون‬-

regular masculine plural

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳِﻤ‬ ْ ‫َر‬

official (adj.)

‫واَﻓﻖَ َﻋَﻠﻰ‬

to approve

‫ﺣْﺮب‬ َ (f.)

war

‫ﺣْﻘﻨًﺎ‬ َ َ‫ﺿَﺮب‬ َ

to give an injection

In cases of polysemy or homonymy (sc. multiple meanings) of Arabic words, the various meanings are included in the relevant categories: e.g. ‫ﺢ‬ َ ‫ َﻓَﺘ‬in the sense of ‘to open’ will be found under ‘Housing and Construction’, whereas it reappears under ‘The Military’ in the meaning of ‘to conquer’. If the

‫ُﻏﺮاب‬

The following abbreviations are used in the Lexicon:

<

regular feminine plural

>

the opposite of

FRUIT

7

Fruit ‫ﻃﺎَزج‬

fresh

pineapple

‫( ِﻋَﻨﺐ‬coll.)

grapes

‫( ُﺑْﺮُﺗﻘﺎل‬coll.)

oranges

(pl. ‫ﻋﻨﺎب‬ ْ ‫)أ‬

‫( َﺑﻄﻴﺦ‬coll.)

(water)melons

‫( َﺑَﻠﺢ‬coll.)

dates

‫أَﺛَﻤَﺮ‬

to bear fruit (tree, plant)

‫َأﻧﺎﻧﺎس‬

‫( ُﺑْﻨُﺪق‬coll.) ِ ‫)َﺑﻨﺎ‬ (pl. ‫دق‬ ‫( ُﺗَّﻔﺎح‬coll.) (pl. ‫ﺢ‬ ُ ‫)َﺗﻔﺎِﻓﻴ‬

hazelnuts

apples

‫ُﻋْﻨﻘﻮد‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻨﺎﻗﻴ‬ ‫ﻓﺎِﻛﻬﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻓﻮا‬ pl. ‫ﻛُﻪ‬

bunch (of grapes)

fruit

‫ِﻓّﺞ‬

unripe

‫َﻓﺮاْوﻟﺔ‬

strawberry

‫( َﺗْﻤﺮ‬coll.)

(dried) dates

‫ﺴُﺘﻖ‬ ْ ‫( ُﻓ‬coll.)

pistachio nuts

‫َﺗﻤﺮ ِﻫْﻨﺪ‬

tamarind

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫( ﻓﻮل ﺳﻮداﻧ‬coll.)

peanuts

‫ﺗﻮت‬

mulberry

‫( َﻛَﺮز‬coll.)

cherries

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺷْﻮﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺗﻮت‬

raspberry

‫ﺴَﺘﻨﺎء‬ ْ ‫ُﻛ‬

chestnut

‫( ﺗﻴﻦ‬coll.)

figs

‫( ُﻛَﻤْﺜَﺮى‬coll.) َ ‫)ُﻛَﻤْﺜ‬ (pl. ‫ﺮﻳﺎت‬

‫َﺛَﻤﺮ‬ pl. ‫ِﺛﻤﺎر‬

fruit (produce)

‫ﻻِرﻧﺞ‬

pears

grapefruit

‫ﺟﻮاﻓﺔ‬ َ

guava

‫ﺟْﻮز‬ َ (coll.)

walnuts

‫ﺐ‬ ّ ‫ُﻟ‬ p. ‫ُﻟُﺒﻮب‬

‫ﺟْﻮز اﻟِﻬْﻨﺪ‬ َ (coll.)

coconuts

‫( َﻟْﻮز‬coll.)

almonds

َ (coll.) ‫ﺼَﻨْﻮَﺑﺮ‬ َّ ‫ﺣﺐّ اﻟ‬

pine nuts

‫( ِﻟﻴُﻤﻮن‬coll.)

lemons

‫ﺧﻮخ‬ َ (coll.)

plums

‫ﻟﻴﻤﻮن ﺣﺎِﻣﺾ‬

lime

‫( َزِﺑﻴﺐ‬coll.)

raisins

‫ﺠﻮ‬ ُ ‫ﻣﺎْﻧ‬

mango

‫ﺳﺒﺎط‬ ُ

cluster (fruit)

‫ﺸِﻤﺶ‬ ْ ‫( ِﻣ‬coll.)

apricots

‫ﺟﻞ‬ َ ‫ﺳَﻔْﺮ‬ َ (coll.)

quinces

‫َﻣﻮاِﻟﺢ‬

citrus fruits

‫( َﻣْﻮز‬coll.)

bananas

‫ﺿﺞ‬ ِ ‫ﻧﺎ‬

ripe (fruit)

musk melon

‫َﻳْﻘﻄﻴﻦ‬

squash

to ripen

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳِﻔ‬ ُ ‫ُﻳﻮ‬

tangerine

ُ ‫ﺳَﻔﺎِر‬ َ ) (pl. ‫ج‬ ‫ﺷِﺮﻳﺤﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺢ‬ ُ ‫ﺷﺮاﺋ‬ َ َ (coll.) ‫ﺷ َّﻤﺎم‬ ‫ب‬ َ ‫( ﻃﺎ‬i)

slice

core (e.g. apple)

8

FLORA

Flora ‫َأْﺑُﻨﻮس‬ ‫( َأُﺛﻞ‬coll.) (pl. ‫)أﺛﻮل‬

ebony

‫ﺟَﻤْﻴﺰ‬ ُ (coll.)

sycamore

tamarisk

‫ﺣْﻠﻮة‬ ُ ‫ﺣَﺒﺔ‬ َ

aniseed

ِ ‫ﺣَّﻨﺎء‬

henna

‫ﺣْﻨﻄﺔ‬ ِ

see ‫ﻗﻤﺢ‬

‫ﺧﺰاَﻣﻰ‬ ُ

lavender

‫ﺸﺐ اﻟُﻤْﻐﻨﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

mahogany

‫( َأْرز‬coll.)

cedars

‫َأْزَﻫَﺮ‬

to blossom (plant, flower)

‫ﺻﻴﺺ‬ ِ ‫َأ‬ ُ ‫ُأ‬ pl. ‫ﺻﺺ‬

flowerpot

2. daisy

‫ﺸﺨﺎش‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ َ (coll.) ُ ‫ﺧﻴ‬ ِ ‫ﺧﺸﺎ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺶ‬

‫ﺑﺎﻗﺔ‬

bunch of flowers, bouquet

‫ﺧْﻨﺸﺎر‬ ِ

fern

‫ﺑﺎﺋﻊ اﻟ ُّﺰُﻫﻮر‬

florist

‫ﺧﻮص‬ ُ (coll.)

palm leaves

‫َﺑُﺘﻮﻻ‬

birch tree

‫ﺧﻦ‬ ْ ‫ُد‬

millet

‫ﺨﻮر‬ ُ ‫َﺑ‬

incense

‫َدْردار‬

elm

‫ﺑﺨﻮر َﻣْﺮَﻳﻢ‬

cyclamen

‫( َذَﺑَﻞ‬u)

to wilt, wither

1. seed

‫( ُرﻣﺎن‬coll.)

pomegranates

‫ﺤﻮان‬ ُ ‫ُأْﻗ‬ ٍ ‫أﻗﺎ‬, ‫)أﻗﺎﺣﻲ‬ (pl. ‫ح‬

1. camomile

poppies

‫َﺑْﺬرة‬ ُ ‫ُﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﺬور‬

2. pip, stone (fruit)

‫َﺑْﺮِدي‬

papyrus (plant)

‫َﺑْﺮِدﻳﺔ‬

papyrus (sheet)

‫َﺑْﺮَﻋَﻢ‬

‫( َزْﻫﺮ‬coll.)

to burgeon

ُ ‫ُز‬, ‫أْزُﻫﺮ‬, ‫أْزﻫﺎر‬, ‫أزاِﻫﻴُﺮ‬ pl. ‫ﻫﻮر‬

bud

‫َزْﻫﺮ اﻟُﻠْﺆُﻟﺆ‬

daisy

‫ﺳْﺮو‬ َ (coll.)

evergreen cypress

‫ُﺑْﺮُﻋﻢ‬ ُ ‫َﺑﺮاِﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺴﺞ‬ َ ‫َﺑَﻨْﻔ‬

1. violet 2. lilac

‫ُﺗْﺮُﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﺟْﺬر‬ ِ ُ‫ﺟ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺬور‬ ‫ﺟْﺬع‬ ِ

lupin root

trunk

pl. ‫ﺬور‬ ُ‫ﺟ‬ ُ

‫( َزْﻧَﺒﻖ‬coll.) ُ ‫َزﻧﺎِﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬

‫ﺳﺎق‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺳﻮق‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎق‬ ُ ‫ﺳْﻨُﺒﻞ‬ ُ (coll.) pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﻨﺎِﺑ‬ َ

iris

flowers

stem (plant)

sumac ear, spike (grain)

‫ﺳْﻨِﺪﻳﺎن‬ ِ (coll.)

oak

َّ ‫ﺟ‬ ‫ف‬ َ (i)

to dry out

‫ﺳﻮس‬ ُ

licorice

َ ‫ﻒ‬ َ َ‫ﺟّﻔ‬

to dry

‫ﺳﻦ‬ َ ‫ﺳْﻮ‬ َ

lily of the valley

FLORA

‫ﺠﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺷ‬ َ (coll.) pl. ‫ﺷﺠﺎر‬ ْ ‫أ‬

trees

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺼﺐ ِﻫْﻨِﺪ‬ َ ‫َﻗ‬

bamboo

‫َﻗْﻤﺢ‬

wheat hemp, flax

‫ﺷِﻌﻴﺮ‬ َ

barley

‫َﻗَﻨﺐ‬

‫ﺷْﻮﻓﺎن‬ َ

oats

‫ﻛﺄس‬ ُ , ‫ِﻛﺌﺎس‬ pl. ‫ﻛﺆوس‬

ُ ‫ﺻَّﺒﺎر‬

1. cactus

9

calyx

2. Indian fig

‫ﻛﺎُﻓﻮر‬

camphor

‫ﺻْﻔﺼﺎف‬ َ (coll.)

willow

‫ﻛﺎﻛﺎو‬

cocoa

‫ﻃْﻠﺢ‬ َ

acacia

َّ ‫َﻋ َّﺒﺎد اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸْﻤﺲ‬

sunflower

‫َﻛْﺮم‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻛﺮوم‬

1. see ‫( ﺳﺎق‬2)

‫ﺴَﺘﻨﺎء‬ ْ ‫َﻛ‬

chestnut tree

2. vein (plant)

‫َﻟْﺒﻼب‬

ivy

grass

‫ﺳﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫َﻣْﺮ‬

see ‫آس‬

‫َﻣْﺰَﻫِﺮﻳﺔ‬

vase

‫ِﻋْﺮق‬ pl. ‫ﺮوق‬ ُ ‫ُﻋ‬ ‫ﺸﺐ‬ ْ ‫( ُﻋ‬coll.) pl. ‫ﻋﺸﺎب‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ُﻋّﻨﺎب‬

jujube

‫ﻏﺎﺑﺔ‬

reed

‫( َﻧﺒﺎت‬coll.) pl. ‫ات‬-

‫( ﻏﺎر‬coll.)

laurel trees

‫ﺴِّﻠﻖ‬ َ ‫( َﻧﺒﺎت ُﻣَﺘ‬coll.)

‫س‬ َ ‫( َﻏَﺮ‬i)

to plant

‫َﻏْﺮس‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻏﺮاس‬ ‫ﺼﻦ‬ ْ ‫ُﻏ‬ pl. ‫ﻏﺼﺎن‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺼﻮن‬ ُ ‫ُﻏ‬

seedling

branch

‫ُﻓّﻞ‬

Arabian jasmine

‫ُﻗُﺮْﻧُﻔﻞ‬

1. clove

vine

plants, flora

climbing plants, creepers

‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫( َﻧَﺒ‬i)

to grow (plants)

‫ﺨﻞ‬ ْ ‫( َﻧ‬coll.)

palm trees

‫ﺨﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫َﻧ‬

see ‫ﻧﺨﻞ‬

‫ﺟﺲ‬ ِ ‫َﻧْﺮ‬

narcissus

‫( َوْرد‬coll.) ُ ‫ُو‬ pl. ‫رود‬

roses

‫ﺸﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِﻗ‬

1. bark

‫( َوَرق‬coll.) pl. ‫وراق‬ ْ‫أ‬

ُ ‫ُﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﺸﻮر‬

2. peel

‫( َوَرق ِﻋَﻨﺐ‬coll.)

vine leaves

‫ﺼﺐ‬ َ ‫( َﻗ‬coll.)

reed, cane

‫ﺳِﻤﻴﻦ‬ َ ‫ﻳﺎ‬

jasmine

ُ ‫ﻗﺼﺐ‬ ‫ﺳَّﻜﺮ‬

sugar cane

‫ﺳْﻨﺖ‬ ِ ‫ﻳﺎ‬

hyacinth

2. carnation

leaves

10

HERBS AND SPICES

Herbs and spices ‫ﺳﻴﻢ‬ ِ ‫ِﺑْﺮ‬

clover

‫ﻄﺮ‬ ِ ‫َﻋ‬

fragrant, aromatic

‫ﺴﺒﺎﺳﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِﺑ‬

mace

‫َﻋِﺒﻴﺮ‬

aroma, fragrance

‫َﺑْﻘُﺪوِﻧﺲ‬

parsley

‫ﻏﺎر‬

laurel

‫َﺑﻬﺎر‬

herb

‫ُﻓْﻠُﻔﻞ‬, ‫ِﻓْﻠِﻔﻞ‬

pepper

‫ﺣَﻤﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِﻓْﻠِﻔﻞ أ‬

paprika

‫ﺗﺎِﺑﻞ‬

1. spice, condiment

ُ ‫َﺗﻮاِﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

2. see ‫ﻛﺰﺑﺮة‬

‫ﻀﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ِﻓْﻠِﻔﻞ أ‬

green pepper

‫ُﺛﻮم‬

garlic

‫ِﻓْﻠِﻔﻞ ﺣﺎّر‬

chilli

‫ﻄﻴﺐ‬ ِ ‫ﺟْﻮز اﻟ‬ َ

nutmeg

‫ﻃﻢ‬ ُ ‫ُﻗْﺮ‬

safflower

‫ﺣَﺒﻖ‬ َ

basil

‫ِﻗْﺮﻓﺔ‬

cinnamon

‫ﺣَﺒﻬﺎن‬ َ

cardamom

‫ُﻛْﺮُﻛﻢ‬

turmeric

‫ﺣﺼﺎُﻟﺒﺎن‬ َ

rosemary

‫َﻛَﺮْوﻳﺎ‬

caraway

‫ﺧْﺮَدل‬ َ (coll.)

mustard seed

‫ﻛﺎري‬

curry

‫َدِرس‬

dried clover

‫ُﻛْﺰَﺑَﺮة‬

coriander

‫َرْﻳﺤﺎن‬

sweet basil

cumin

‫َزْﻋَﺘﺮ‬

‫َﻛ ُّﻤﻮن‬

wild thyme

scented, perfumed

‫َزْﻋِﻔﺮان‬

َّ ‫ُﻣَﻌ‬ ‫ﻄﺮ‬

saffron

‫ﺠﺒﻴﻞ‬ َ ‫َزْﻧ‬

ginger

‫ِﻣْﻠﺢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻼح‬

‫ﺷِﺒﺖ‬ ِ

dill

ْ ‫َﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎت ِﻋ‬ ‫ﻄِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

aromatic plants

‫ﺴﻢ‬ ِ ‫ﺳْﻤ‬ ِ

sesame

‫َﻧْﻌﻨﺎع‬

mint

‫ﺷﻤﺎر‬ َ

fennel

‫ﺴﻮن‬ ُ ‫َﻳْﻨ‬

aniseed

‫َأُرّز‬

rice

ِ ‫ِﺑ‬ ‫ﺴ َّﻠﺔ‬

pea

‫ﺑﺎِذْﻧﺠﺎن‬

aubergine

‫ﺼﻞ‬ َ ‫( َﺑ‬coll.)

onions

‫ﺑﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬

okra, ladies’ fingers

‫َﺑﻄﺎﻃﺎ‬

sweet potato, yam

salt

Vegetables

ANIMALS

11

‫( َﺑﻄﺎﻃﺲ‬coll.)

potatoes

‫ﻃﻢ‬ ِ ‫ﻃﻤﺎ‬ َ (coll.)

tomatoes

‫ﺠﺮ‬ َ ‫َﺑْﻨ‬

beetroot

‫( َﻋَﺪس‬coll.)

lentils

‫ﺟَﺰر‬ َ (coll.)

carrots

‫َﻏّﻠﺔ‬

grain, cereals

ُ ‫ﺣِّﻤﺺ‬ ِ ،‫ﺣ ُّﻤﺺ‬

chick-peas

(coll.)

‫ﺷﻮف‬ ُ ‫ﺧْﺮ‬ ُ (coll.) pl. ‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫ﺷﻴ‬ ِ ‫ﺧﺮا‬ َ

artichokes

pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﻏﻼل‬ ِ

‫ﻓﺎﺻﻮِﻟﻴﺎء‬

European bean

‫ﺠﻞ‬ ْ ‫( ِﻓ‬coll.)

radishes

‫ﻄﺮ‬ ْ ‫( ُﻓ‬coll.)

mushrooms

‫ﺲ‬ ّ ‫ﺧ‬ َ (coll.)

lettuce

‫( ﻓﻮل‬coll.)

beans, broad beans

‫ﻀَﺮوات‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

vegetables

‫( َﻗْﺮع‬coll.)

pumpkins, gourds

‫ﺧﻴﺎر‬ َ (coll.)

cucumbers, gherkins

‫( َﻗْﺮَﻧِﺒﻴﻂ‬coll.)

cauliflower

‫ُذَّرة‬

maize

‫ُﻛَﺮاث‬

leek

‫راَوْﻧﺪ‬

rhubarb

‫( َﻛَﺮْﻓﺲ‬coll.)

celery

‫( َزْﻳُﺘﻮن‬coll.)

olives

‫( ُﻛُﺮْﻧﺐ‬coll.)

cabbage

‫ﺳﺒﺎِﻧﺦ‬ َ

spinach

‫ﺳﻰ‬ َ ‫ﻛﻮ‬

courgette

‫ﺷَﻮْﻧَﺪر‬ َ

white beet, chard

‫ِﻟْﻔﺖ‬

turnip

‫ﻃﺎِزج‬

fresh

‫ﻟﻮِﺑﻴﺎء‬

bean

Animals Mammals

‫ِاْﺑﻦ آَوى‬ pl. ‫َﺑﻨﺎت آوى‬ ‫ِاْﺑﻦ ِﻋْﺮس‬ pl. ‫ﺮس‬ ْ ‫َﺑﻨﺎت ِﻋ‬ ‫َأْرَﻧﺐ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫َأراِﻧ‬ ‫ﺳﺪ‬ َ ‫َأ‬ pl. ‫ﺳﺪ‬ ُ ‫ُأ‬, ‫ُأﺳﻮد‬

jackal

weasel

1. rabbit 2. hare lion

‫ﻄْﺒﻞ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫إ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

stable

‫آِﻛﻞ اﻟ َّﻨْﻤﻞ‬

ant-eater

‫َأِﻟﻴﻒ‬

tame

‫أِّﻳﻞ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫َأﻳﺎﺋ‬ ‫ُﺑْﺮُﺛﻦ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫َﺑﺮاِﺛ‬

stag

claw, paw

‫‪12‬‬

‫‪ANIMALS‬‬

‫َﺑْﻐﻞ‬ ‫ِﺑﻐﺎل ‪pl.‬‬

‫‪horse shoe‬‬

‫ﺤﺼﺎن‬ ‫ﺣﺬوة اﻟ ِ‬ ‫َ‬

‫‪mule‬‬

‫‪stallion‬‬

‫ﺣﺼﺎن‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺣ ُ‬ ‫ﺼﻨﺔ ‪ُ ,‬‬ ‫ﺣ ِ‬ ‫أ ْ‬ ‫ﺼﻦ ‪pl.‬‬

‫‪1. cows‬‬

‫)‪َ (coll.‬ﺑَﻘﺮ‬

‫ﺣﻤﺎر‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺣ ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻤﻴﺮ ‪pl.‬‬

‫ﺷﻴﺔ ‪2. see‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ِ‬

‫أْﺑﻘﺎر ‪pl.‬‬

‫‪1. large domestic animal‬‬

‫َﺑِﻬﻴﻤﺔ‬

‫ﺣﻤﺎر اﻟَﻮﺣﺶ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫‪2. quadruped‬‬

‫‪donkey‬‬

‫‪zebra‬‬ ‫‪lamb‬‬

‫‪animal‬‬

‫ﺣَﻤﻞ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺣ ْ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎل ‪ُ ,‬‬ ‫أ ْ‬ ‫ﻤﻼن ‪pl.‬‬

‫)‪3. livestock (plural‬‬ ‫‪fox‬‬

‫ﺣَﻴﻮان‬ ‫َ‬ ‫‪-‬ات ‪pl.‬‬

‫‪mammal‬‬

‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﺣَﻴﻮان َﺛْﺪﻳ ّ‬ ‫َ‬

‫‪predatory animal‬‬

‫ﺣَﻴﻮان ُﻣْﻔَﺘِﺮس‬ ‫َ‬

‫‪fetlock‬‬

‫‪bull‬‬

‫ﺻﺮة‬ ‫ﺧﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺧﻮا ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺮ ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ﺻُ‬ ‫ﻃﻮم‬ ‫ﺧْﺮ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻢ ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ﻃﻴ ُ‬ ‫ﺧﺮا ِ‬ ‫َ‬

‫‪young donkey‬‬

‫ﺣﻤﻞ ‪see‬‬ ‫ﺧُﺮوف‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺮﻓﺎن ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ﺧْ‬ ‫ﺧﺮاف‪ِ ,‬‬ ‫ﺧِﺮﻓﺔ‪ِ ,‬‬ ‫أ ْ‬

‫)‪kid (small goat‬‬

‫)‪trunk (elephant‬‬

‫‪bat‬‬

‫ُ‬ ‫ﺧ َّﻔﺎش‬ ‫ﺶ ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ﺧﻔﺎِﻓﻴ ُ‬ ‫َ‬

‫‪to scratch‬‬

‫ﺶ‬ ‫ﺧَﻤ َ‬ ‫)‪َ (i, u‬‬

‫‪pig‬‬

‫ﺧْﻨِﺰﻳﺮ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺮ ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ﺧﻨﺎزﻳ ُ‬

‫‪boar‬‬

‫‪bear‬‬

‫ي‬ ‫ﺧْﻨِﺰﻳﺮ َﺑِّﺮ ّ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺧﻨﺎِزﻳﺮُ َﺑ ِّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺮَّﻳﺔ ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ُد ّ‬ ‫ب ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ِدَﺑﺒﺔ ‪,‬أْدﺑﺎ ُ‬

‫َﺛْﻌَﻠﺐ‬ ‫َﺛﻌﺎِﻟ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ُﺛ َّﻨﺔ‬

‫ُﺛَﻨﻦ ‪pl.‬‬

‫‪buffalo‬‬

‫)‪flank (horse‬‬

‫َﺑﻬﺎﺋ ُ‬ ‫ﻢ ‪pl.‬‬

‫‪rat‬‬

‫‪1. puppy‬‬ ‫‪2. cub‬‬

‫‪camel‬‬

‫َﺛْﻮر‬ ‫ِﺛﻴﺮان ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻮس‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺲ ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ﺟﻮاِﻣﻴ ُ‬ ‫ﺤﺶ‬ ‫ﺟ ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺟﺤﺎش ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺟْﺪي‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺪﻳﺎن ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ﺟْ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺟَﺮذ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﺟْ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺮذان ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ﺟْﺮو‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺟﺮاء ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ﺟٍﺮ ‪ِ ,‬‬ ‫‪,‬أ ْ‬ ‫ﺟﺮاء‬ ‫أ ْ‬ ‫ﺟَﻤﻞ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﺎل ‪pl.‬‬

‫‪race horse, charger‬‬

‫‪hoof‬‬

‫ﺟﻮاد‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺎد ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎِﻓﺮ‬

‫‪sloth‬‬

‫ﺴﻼن‬ ‫ُدبُّ َﻛ ْ‬

‫َ‬ ‫ﺮ ‪pl.‬‬ ‫ﺣﻮاِﻓ ُ‬

‫‪poultry‬‬

‫ﺟُﻦ‬ ‫َدوا ِ‬

‫ﺠﺮ‬ ‫ﺣ ْ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫‪mare‬‬ ‫ﺠﻮر ‪,‬أ ْ‬ ‫ﺣ ُ‬ ‫ﺠﻮرة ‪ُ ,‬‬ ‫ﺣ ُ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﺎر ‪pl.‬‬

‫ذﻳﻞ ‪see‬‬

‫َذَﻧﺐ‬ ‫ذﻧﺎب ‪pl.‬‬ ‫أْ‬

‫‪zoo‬‬

‫ﺤَﻴﻮان‬ ‫ﺣِﺪﻳﻘﺔ اﻟ َ‬ ‫َ‬

ANIMALS

‫ِذْﺋﺐ‬ pl. ‫ذﺋﺎب‬, ‫ؤﺑﺎن‬ ْ ‫ُذ‬ ‫ِذْﻳﻞ‬ ُ , ‫أْذﻳﺎل‬ pl. ‫ذُﻳﻮل‬ ‫ﺟﻞ‬ ُ ‫ُرﺑﺎِﻋﻲ اَﻷْر‬ ‫ِرْدف‬ pl. ‫ف‬ ُ ‫أْردا‬ ‫َرْوث‬ pl. ‫رواث‬ ْ‫أ‬ ‫َزراﻓﺔ‬

wolf

َ ‫ﺳُّﻤﻮر‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺳﻤﺎِﻣﻴ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺎم‬ َ pl. ‫ﺳِﻨﻤﺔ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺳْﻨﺠﺎب‬ ِ ‫( ﺷﺎء‬coll.) pl. ‫ﺷﻴﺎه‬ ِ , ‫ﺷﻮاه‬ ِ ‫ﺷْﻤﺒﺎْﻧِﺰي‬ ِ ‫ﺻْﻬﻮة‬ َ pl. ‫ﺻﻬﺎء‬ ِ , ‫ات‬‫ﺿْﺒﻊ‬ َ ِ pl. ‫ﺿﺒﺎع‬ ‫ﺠﻞ‬ ْ ‫ِﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﺠﻮل‬ ُ ‫ُﻋْﺮف‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﺮاف‬ ‫ُﻋْﺮف اﻟِّﺪﻳﻚ‬ ‫َﻋِﺮﻳﻦ‬ pl. ‫ﺮن‬ ُ ‫ُﻋ‬

see ‫ﻣﻌﺰ‬

pl. ‫ﻋُﻨﺰ‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ُﻋُﻨﻮز‬, ‫ِﻋﻨﺎُز‬

‫َﻏﺰال‬ pl. ‫ﺰﻻن‬ ْ ‫ِﻏ‬

tail

gazelle

quadruped

‫َﻏَﻨﻢ‬

see ‫( ﺷﺎء‬1)

croup

‫ُﻏﻮِرﻳﻼ‬

gorilla

dung, droppings

‫( َﻓْﺄر‬coll.) pl. ‫ِﻓْﺌﺮان‬, ‫ِﻓﻴﺮان‬

giraffe

‫َﻓَﺮس‬ ُ ‫أْﻓﺮا‬ pl. ‫س‬

ُ ‫زراﺋ‬, ‫َزراَﻓﻰ‬ pl. ‫ﻒ‬ ‫ﺳُﺒﻊ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺳﺒﺎع‬ ِ

‫َﻋْﻨﺰ‬

13

1. beast of prey 2.

see ‫اﺳﺪ‬v

‫ﺼﻲ‬ ِ ‫ﺨ‬ ْ ‫َﻓَﺮس َﻣ‬

gelding

hump (camel)

pl. ‫ُﻓﻬﻮد‬, ‫ﻬﺪ‬ ُ ‫َأْﻓ‬

(grey) squirrel

‫ِﻓﻴﻞ‬ pl. ‫ِﻓَﻴﻠﺔ‬, ‫ُﻓُﻴﻮل‬, ‫أْﻓﻴﺎل‬

‫َﻓْﻬﺪ‬

chimpanzee back (horse)

horse

hippopotamus

sable

2. ewes

2. rats

‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻓَﺮس اﻟَﺒ‬ ‫َﻓْﺮو‬ pl. ‫ِﻓﺮاء‬

1. sheep

1. mice

‫ِﻗْﺮد‬ pl. ‫ُﻗﺮود‬ ‫َﻗْﺮن‬

fur

leopard, cheetah

elephant

monkey

horn

pl. ‫ﺮون‬ ُ ‫ُﻗ‬

‫ُﻗﻀﺎﻋﺔ‬

otter

hyena

‫ﻂ‬ ّ ‫ِﻗ‬

cat

calf

‫ِﻗﻂّ اﻟ َّﺰﺑﺎد‬

civet cat

‫ﻄْﻴﻄﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻗ‬

kitten

mane (horse)

coxcomb lion’s den, lair

َ ‫ِﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﻄﻂ‬

‫ﻄﻴﻊ‬ ِ ‫َﻗ‬ flock, herd pl. ‫ﻄﻌﺎن‬ ْ ‫ُﻗ‬, ‫ِﻗﻄﺎع‬, ‫أْﻗﻄﺎع‬ ‫ُﻗْﻨُﺪس‬ ‫ُﻗْﻨُﻔﺬ‬ pl. ‫ﺬ‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻨﺎِﻓ‬

beaver hedgehog

14

‫ﻗﺎِرض‬ pl. ‫ض‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻮاِر‬ ‫َﻛْﺒﺶ‬ ِ , ‫أْﻛﺒﺎش‬ pl. ‫ﻛﺒﺎش‬ ‫َﻛْﺮَﻛَﺪّن‬ ‫ﻒ‬ ّ ‫( َﻛ‬f.) ُ ,‫ﻒ‬ ّ ‫أُﻛ‬ pl. ‫ﻛُﻔﻮف‬ ‫َﻛْﻠﺐ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﻛﻼب‬

ANIMALS rodent

ram

rhinoceros paw, foot

dog

‫ َﻣَﻌﺰ‬،‫( َﻣْﻌﺰ‬coll.) pl. ‫ﻌﺰ‬ ُ ‫أْﻣ‬ ‫َﻣﻬﺎة‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﻬﻮات‬ ‫ُﻣْﻬﺮ‬ ِ , ‫أْﻣﻬﺎر‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻬﺎرة‬

goats

wild cow

foal

‫ُﻣْﻬﺮة‬

filly

‫ﻧﺎب‬

tusk

pl. ‫أْﻧﻴﺎب‬

‫ﻧﺎﻗﺔ‬ pl. ‫ُﻧﻮق‬

‫َﻛﻤﺎﻣﺔ‬

muzzle

‫َﻛ َّﻤَﻢ‬

to muzzle

‫َﻛْﻨَﻐﺮ‬

kangaroo

‫ﻻﻣﺔ‬

llama

‫َﻟْﺒَﻮة‬

lioness

‫ِﻧْﻤﺲ‬ ُ ‫ُﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﻤﻮس‬

‫ﺷﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻣﺎ‬

cattle

‫ِﻧﻴﺺ‬

porcupine

‫ﺠﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫َﻫ‬

dromedary, racing camel

‫ﻣﺎِﻋﺰ‬ pl. ‫ﺰ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻮاِﻋ‬

see ‫ﻣﻌﺰ‬

‫ﺣﺶ‬ ‫ُﻣَﺘَﻮ ﱢ‬

wild

‫ﺠَﺘّﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

ruminant

‫ﺨَﻠﺐ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺨﺎِﻟ‬

see ‫ﺑﺮﺛﻦ‬

‫َﻧِﻤﺮ‬ pl. ‫ﻤﻮر‬ ُ ‫ُﻧ‬

marmot

‫َﻣّﻌﺎز‬

goatherd

1. leopard 2. tiger 1. mongoose 2. ferret, weasel

pl. ‫ﺠﻦ‬ ُ ‫ُﻫ‬

‫َوَﺑﺮ‬ pl. ‫وﺑﺎر‬ ْ‫أ‬ ‫ﺣﺶ‬ ْ ‫َو‬ ُ ‫ُو‬ pl. ‫ﺣﻮش‬ ‫ﺷﻖ‬ َ ‫َو‬

‫َﻣْﺮﻣﻮط‬

she-camel

‫ﻃﻮاط‬ ْ ‫َو‬ pl. ‫وط‬ ِ ‫َوﻃﺎ‬, ‫َوﻃﺎِوﻳﻂ‬

hair, coat (camel, goat, cat)

wild animal

lynx see ‫ﺧﻔﺎش‬

Birds

‫ﺑﺎز‬

falcon

pl. ‫ِﺑﻴﺰان‬

‫ﺸُﺮوش‬ َ ‫َﺑ‬

flamingo

‫ﻂ‬ ّ ‫( َﺑ‬coll.)

ducks

‫ض‬ َ ‫( ﺑﺎ‬i)

to lay eggs

‫َﺑَﺒﻐﺎء‬

parrot

‫ﻄِﺮﻳﻖ‬ ْ ‫ِﺑ‬ ُ ‫َﺑﻄﺎِرﻳ‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬

‫ﺠﻊ‬ َ ‫( َﺑ‬coll.)

pelicans

‫ﺸﻮن‬ ُ ‫َﺑَﻠ‬

penguin

heron

ANIMALS

‫ُﺑﻮم‬ pl. ‫أْﺑﻮام‬ ‫َﺗْﺪُرج‬ ُ ‫َﺗْﺪ‬ pl. ‫رﺟﺔ‬ ‫( َﺗّﻢ‬coll.) ‫ﺟﻨﺎح‬ ِ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺟِﻨﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺒﺎَرى‬ ُ pl. ‫رﻳﺎت‬ َ ‫ﺣﺒﺎ‬ ُ

owl

pheasant

swans wing

bustard

pigeons, doves

‫( َدﺟﺎج‬coll.)

chickens, hens

‫ِدﻳﻚ‬ cock pl. ‫دﻳﻜﺔ‬ ِ , ‫ُدُﻳﻮك‬, ‫أْدﻳﺎك‬

ُ (coll.) ‫ﺳَّﻤﺎن‬ ُ ‫ﺳُّﻤﻦ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻤﺎ‬ َ

turkey (cock) feathers, plumage

quails see ‫ﺳﻤﺎن‬

‫ﺳُﻨﻮُﻧﻮ‬ ُ

swallow

‫ﺷْﻮﺣﺔ‬ َ

vulture

‫ﺻْﻘﺮ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺻُﻘﻮر‬ ُ , ‫ﺻُﻘﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

flight

‫ﺟﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻃْﻴﺮ ُﻣﻬﺎ‬ َ

migratory bird

‫ﻃْﻴﺮ ﺟﺎِرح‬ َ

bird of prey

‫ﺶ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ ّ ‫َﻋ‬

to build a nest

‫ﺶ‬ ّ ‫ُﻋ‬

nest

pl. ‫ﻋﺸﺎش‬ ِ , ‫أْﻋﺸﺎش‬, ‫ﺸﺸﺔ‬ َ ‫ِﻋ‬

‫ﺣﻤﺎم‬ َ (coll.)

‫( ِرﻳﺶ‬coll.) ِ , ‫أْرﻳﺎش‬ pl. ‫رﻳﺎش‬

‫ﻃْﻴﺮة‬ َ

ِ ‫ﻃُﻴﻮر ﺟﺎ‬ ُ pl. ‫رﺣﺔ‬

‫ﺣْﺪأة‬ ِ kite pl. ‫ﺪأ‬ ْ‫ﺣ‬ ِ , ‫ﺣﺪاء‬ ِ , ‫ﺣْﺪآن‬ ِ

‫دﻳﻚ ُروِﻣﻲ‬

1. see ‫ﺑﺎز‬

‫ﺼُﻔﻮر‬ ْ ‫ُﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﺼﺎِﻓﻴ‬ ‫ُﻋﻘﺎب‬

magpie

‫َﻋْﻨَﺪِﻟﻴﺐ‬

nightingale

pl. ‫ل‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻨﺎِد‬

‫ُﻏﺮاب‬ pl. ‫ﺮﺑﺎن‬ ْ ‫ِﻏ‬ ‫ُﻏْﺮُﻧﻮق‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬ ُ ‫َﻏﺮاِﻧﻴ‬

2. crow crane

to hatch (eggs)

‫ﻗﺎق اﻟﻤﺎء‬

cormorant

‫َﻗَﻔﺺ‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﻔﺎص‬ ‫( ُﻗْﻨُﺒﺮ‬coll.) pl. ‫َﻗﻨﺎِﺑﺮ‬ ‫َﻛْﺘُﻜﻮت‬ pl. ‫ﻛﻴﺖ‬ ِ ‫َﻛﺘﺎ‬

َ ‫ﻃَّﻨﺎن‬

hummingbird

bird

1. raven

َ ‫َﻓَّﺮ‬ ‫خ‬

to fly

‫ﻃْﻴﺮ‬ َ (coll/n.un.) pl. ‫ﻃﻴﻮر‬ ُ

eagle

‫َﻋْﻘَﻌﻖ‬

‫( ﻃﺎَر‬i)

peacock

sparrow

pl. ‫ﻋُﻘﺐ‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ِﻋْﻘﺒﺎن‬

2. hawk

‫ﻃﺎُووس‬ pl. ‫ﺲ‬ َ ُ ‫ﻃﻮاِوﻳ‬

15

‫ُﻛْﺮِﻛﻲ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﻲ‬ ِ ‫َﻛﺮا‬

cage

larks

chick

crane

‫َﻛﻨﺎِري‬

canary

‫َﻟْﻘﻼق‬

stork

pl. ‫ﻖ‬ ُ ‫َﻟﻘﺎِﻟ‬

16

‫ِﻣْﻨﻘﺎر‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻨﺎِﻗﻴ‬ ‫( َﻧﻌﺎم‬coll.) (pl. ‫)َﻧﻌﺎﺋﻢ‬

ANIMALS beak, bill

ostriches

‫ﺸﺐ‬ ْ ‫ﺨ‬ َ ‫َﻧ َّﻘﺎر اﻟ‬

woodpecker

‫( َﻧَﻘَﺮ‬a)

to peck

‫( َﻧْﻮَرس‬coll.) pl. ‫س‬ ُ ‫َﻧﻮاِر‬ ‫ُﻫْﺪُﻫﺪ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻫﺪاِﻫ‬ ‫( َوّز‬coll.) ‫َوْﻗﻮاق‬

sea gulls

hoopoe

geese cuckoo

Marine animals

‫ﺳْﻴﻒ‬ َ ‫ّأﺑﻮ‬

swordfish

‫ﻄُﺒﻮط‬ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ُأ‬

octopus

‫ﺤْﺒﺮ‬ ِ ‫ُأمّ اﻟ‬

squid

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﺑْﺮﻣﺎِﺋ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

amphibian

‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺑَﻠﺢ اﻟَﺒ‬

mussel

‫ﺑﻮري‬

(striped/red) mullet

‫( ُﺗّﻦ‬coll.)

tuna

َ ‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ َّﺮاد اﻟَﺒ‬

‫( َرﱠﻋﺎد‬coll.)

electric ray

‫َزْﻋَﻨﻔﺔ‬

fin, flipper

pl. ‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫َزﻋﺎِﻧ‬

‫ﺳﺎْﻟُﻤﻮن‬ ‫ﺳْﺮب‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺳﺮاب‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺳﺮِدﻳﻦ‬ َ (coll.)

salmon shoal (fish)

sardines

‫ﺳَﺮﻃﺎن‬ َ pl. ‫ات‬

2. see ‫ﺟﺮاد اﻟﺒﺤﺮ‬

crayfish

‫ﺤِﺮي‬ ْ ‫ﺳَﺮﻃﺎن َﺑ‬ َ

lobster

‫ﺟِّﺮﻳﺚ‬ َ

eel

‫ﺳُﻘْﻤِﺮي‬ ُ

mackerel

َ ‫ﺣَّﺒﺎر‬

see ‫أم اﻟﺤﺒﺮ‬

‫ﺳَﻤﻚ‬ َ (coll.)

fish

fish scale

pl. ‫ﺳﻤﺎك‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﺷﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺣْﺮ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺷﻒ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺮا‬ َ ‫ﺴﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ (coll.) ‫ﺣﻮت‬ ُ ِ , ‫ﺣﻮات‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺣﻴﺘﺎن‬ ‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺤِﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣَﻴﻮان َﺑ‬ َ ِ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫ﺣَﻴﻮاﻧﺎت َﺑ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺮّﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﻮم‬ ُ ‫ﺧْﻴ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺷﻴ‬ ِ ‫ﺧﻴﺎ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ‫َدْﻟِﻔﻴﻦ‬ َ pl. ‫دﻻِﻓﻴﻨﺚ‬

1. crab

َ ‫ﺳَﻤﻚ اﻟ ُّﺘْﺮس‬

turbot

fishbones

‫ﺳﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺳَﻤﻚ ُﻣﻮ‬ َ

sole

whale

َ ‫ﺷ ُّﺒﻮط‬

carp

‫ﺻَﺪف‬ َ (coll.)

pearl oysters

marine animal

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺻﺪاف‬

gill

dolphin

‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺠﻞ اﻟَﺒ‬ ْ ‫ِﻋ‬

seal

‫ﻗﺎُروس‬

seabass

‫ُﻗّﺪ‬

cod

‫ِﻗْﺮش‬

shark

ANIMALS

‫َﻗْﺮُﻣﻮط‬

catfish

ُ ‫َﻗﺮاِﻣﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﻂ‬ ‫( ُﻗَﺮْﻳِﺪس‬coll.) ‫ﺸﺮ‬ ْ ‫( ِﻗ‬coll.) pl. ‫ُﻗﺸﻮر‬

shrimp fish scales

17

ْ ‫ِﻗ‬ ‫ﺸِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

crustacean

‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻗْﻨُﻔﺬ اﻟَﺒ‬

sea urchin

‫ﻛﺎِﻓﻴﺎر‬

caviar

Reptiles and insects

‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫َأْﻓﻌ‬ pl. ‫ع‬ ٍ ‫َأﻓﺎ‬

adder, viper

‫َد ُّﺑﻮر‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َدﺑﺎِﺑﻴ‬

‫َأِﻣﻴﺒﺔ‬

amoeba

‫ُﺑْﺮص‬

gecko

‫( ُدود‬coll.) ِ pl. ‫دﻳﺪان‬

‫ُﺑْﺮُﻏﻮث‬

flea

‫ﺸِﺮﻳﻂ‬ َّ ‫ُدودة اﻟ‬

tapeworm

‫دودة اﻟَﻘّﺰ‬

silkworm

‫ُدوِدي‬

worm-like

pl. ‫ﺚ‬ ُ ‫َﺑﺮاِﻏﻴ‬

‫ﻖ‬ ّ ‫( َﺑ‬coll.)

bedbugs

‫ِﺑْﻨﺖ ِوْردان‬

earthworm

‫َﺑْﻴﺖ اﻟَﻌْﻨَﻜُﺒﻮت‬

spider’s web

‫َﺗﻞّ اﻟ َّﻨْﻤﻞ‬

ant hill

‫ِﺗْﻤﺴﺎح‬ pl. ‫ﺢ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﻴ‬ ِ ‫َﺗﻤﺎ‬ ‫ُﺛْﻌﺒﺎن‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫َﺛﻌﺎِﺑﻴ‬ ‫ﺟّﺮاد‬ َ (coll.) ‫ﺣْﺮﺑﺎء‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺣﺮاِﺑﻲ‬ َ ‫ﺸﺮة‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺣَﻠﺰون‬ َ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﺣﻼِزﻳ‬ َ َ ‫ﺤﻞ‬ ْ ‫ﺧِﻠﻴﺔ اﻟ َّﻨ‬ ‫ﺧُﻨْﻔﺴﺎء‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺧﻨﺎ‬

crocodile

snake

‫( ُذﺑﺎب‬coll.) ِ ‫ َأ‬،‫)ِذ َّﺑﺎن‬ (pl. ‫ذ َّﺑﺔ‬ ‫ُذﺑﺎب ﻗﺎِرض‬ ‫ﺣﻒ‬ ِ ‫زا‬ pl. ‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫َزوا‬

hornet

worms, maggots

flies

horsefly reptile

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫( َز‬a)

to creep, crawl

‫( ِزﻳﺰ‬coll.)

cicada

chameleon

‫ﺤِﻠﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ٍ ‫ﺳﺤﺎ‬ َ pl. ‫ل‬ ‫ﺳْﺮب‬ ِ

1. swarm (e.g. bees)

insect

pl. ‫ﺳﺮاب‬ ْ ‫أ‬

2. colony (ants)

locusts

lizard

snail

‫ﺤﻔﺎة‬ ْ ‫ﺳَﻠ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻼ‬ َ

beehive

‫ﺳَﻤْﻨَﺪر‬ َ

salamander

‫ﺳﻮس‬ ُ (coll.)

mites, woodworms

dung beetle

ِ ) (pl. ‫ﺳﻴﺴﺎن‬

tortoise

18

‫ﺷْﺮَﻧﻘﺔ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺷﺮاِﻧ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ﺻﻮر‬ ُ ‫ﺻْﺮ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺻﺮا‬ َ ُ ‫ﺻﻴ‬ ‫ﺿْﻔِﺪع‬ ِ pl. ‫دع‬ ِ ‫ﺿﻔﺎ‬ َ ‫ﻃَﻔْﻴِﻠﻲ‬ ُ ُ pl. ‫ﻃَﻔْﻴِﻠَﻴﺎت‬ ‫ُﻋّﺜﺔ‬

ANIMALS chrysalis

1. cricket 2. cockroach frog

parasite

moth

ُ pl. ‫ﻋَﺜﺚ‬

‫( َﻗْﻤﻞ‬coll.)

lice

َ ‫( َﻟَﺪ‬u) ‫غ‬

to bite (snake), to sting

‫َﻟْﺪﻏﺔ‬

snakebite, sting

‫ﺼﺎص اﻟِّﺪﻣﺎء‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬

bloodsucker

‫ﺤُﻞ‬ َ ‫َﻣْﻨ‬ ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻨﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ‫( ﻧﺎﻣﻮس‬coll.) pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َﻧﻮاِﻣﻴ‬

apiary, beehive

mosquitoes

‫ﺤﻞ‬ ْ ‫( َﻧ‬coll.)

bees

‫ﺴﻴﺞ اﻟَﻌْﻨَﻜُﺒﻮت‬ ِ ‫َﻧ‬

see ‫ﺑﻴﺖ اﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮت‬

‫َﻋْﻨَﻜُﺒﻮت‬

spider

‫َﻓَﺮس اﻟَّﻨِﺒﻲ‬

praying mantis

‫َﻓﺮاﺷﺔ‬

butterfly

‫( َﻳَﺮﻗﺎن‬coll.)

larvae

tick

‫ﻀﻔﺎِدع‬ َ ‫َﻳْﺮﻗﺎﻧﺔ اﻟ‬

tadpole

‫ﺴُﻌﻮب‬ ْ ‫َﻳ‬

drone, male bee

antenna

ُ ‫ﺳﻴ‬ ِ ‫َﻳﻌﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬

‫ُﻗﺮادة‬ pl. ‫ﺮدان‬ ْ ‫ِﻗ‬ ‫ﺸﻌﺎر‬ ْ ‫ﺳِﺘ‬ ْ ‫َﻗْﺮن اِﻻ‬

‫( َﻧْﻤﻞ‬coll.) (pl. ‫)ِﻧﻤﺎل‬

ants

Animal sounds

‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﻄَﺒ‬ ْ ‫ِﺑ‬

to quack (duck)

3. see ‫ﺮ‬ ّ‫ﺻ‬

‫( َﺛﻐﺎ‬u)

to bleat (sheep)

‫ﺻَﻬَﻞ‬ َ (i)

to neigh

‫( ﺧﺎر‬u)

to moo, to low (cattle)

‫ﺻِﻬﻴﻞ‬ َ

neighing

‫( َدَن‬u)

to buzz, hum (insect)

‫ﺻَﻮى‬ َ (i)

to peep, squeak

‫( َزأَر‬a, i)

see ‫ﻋﺠﻌﺞ‬, ‫زﻣﺠﺮ‬

‫ﺻﻴﺎح‬ ِ

cry (bird)

‫ق‬ َ ‫َزْﻗَﺰ‬

to chirp (bird)

‫ﺠَﻌَﺞ‬ ْ ‫َﻋ‬

to bellow (e.g. bull)

‫ﺠَﺮ‬ َ ‫َزْﻣ‬

to roar (lion)

‫َﻋْﻨَﺪﻟﺔ‬

song of the nightingale

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ‫ﺷْﻘ‬ َ

to twitter

‫( َﻋَﻮى‬i)

1. to howl (wolf, jackal) 2. to yelp

‫ح‬ َ ‫( ﺻﺎ‬i) َ (i) ‫ﺻَّﺮ‬

to chirp (cricket)

‫ َﻏ َّﺮَد‬،‫( َﻏِﺮَد‬a)

to sing, warble (bird)

‫ﺻَﻔَﺮ‬ َ (i)

1. to whistle (bird)

‫( َﻓﱠﺢ‬u, i)

to hiss (snake)

2. see ‫ﻓﺢ‬

‫ق‬ َ ‫( ﻗﺎ‬u)

to cackle, cluck (hen)

to cry (bird)

FOOD AND DRINK

19

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫( َﻧَﻌ‬a, i)

to croak (raven)

2. to trumpet (elephant)

‫( َﻧَﻌَﺮ‬a, i)

to snort

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫َﻟْﻘَﻠ‬

to clatter (stork)

َّ ‫( َﻧ‬i) ‫ﻖ‬

1. see ‫ﻗﺎق‬

‫( ﻣﺎء‬u)

to miaow

‫ُﻣﻮاء‬

miaow

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫( َﻧَﻬ‬a)

to bray (donkey)

‫( َﻧَﺒَﺢ‬a)

1. to bark

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫َﻫْﺒَﻬ‬

see ‫ﺢ‬ َ ‫( ﻧﺒ‬2)

2. to bay

‫( َﻫَﺪَل‬i)

to coo (pigeon)

1. pitcher, jug

‫ﺴﻤﺎت‬ ُ ‫ُﺑْﻘ‬

rusk

2. coffee pot

‫( َﺑَﻠَﻊ‬a)

to swallow

‫َأَدوات اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬

cutlery

‫ِﺑﻴﺮة‬

beer

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘْﻨ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to snuff

‫( َﺑْﻴﺾ‬coll.)

eggs

‫َأْﻏِﺬﻳﺔ‬

foodstuffs

‫ﺷﺖ‬ ْ ‫َﺑْﻴﻀﺔ َﺑِﺮ‬

soft-boiled egg

‫( َأَﻛَﻞ‬u)

to eat

‫ﺟّﺪًا‬ ِ ‫ﺴُﻠﻮﻗﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺑْﻴﻀﺔ َﻣ‬

hard-boiled egg

‫َأْﻛﻞ‬

food

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺠ َّﻤَﺪ‬

to freeze (intrans.)

‫َأْﻟﺒﺎن‬

dairy products

‫ﺠِﻤﻴﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

embellishment, icing

‫ِاْﻧِﺘﺸﺎء‬

intoxication

‫ﺸﻰ‬ َّ ‫ﺗَﻌ‬

to have dinner (evening meal)

‫ﺸﻰ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧَﺘ‬

to become intoxicated

‫َﺗّﻐَّﺪى‬

to have lunch

‫( َﺑَﺮَد‬u)

to cool off

‫َﺑ َّﺮَد‬

to chill, refrigerate

‫( َﻗَﺒَﻊ‬a)

1. to grunt (pig)

2. to croak (frog)

Food and drink ‫إْﺑِﺮﻳﻖ‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬ ُ ‫|اﺑﺎِرﻳ‬

‫ُﺑْﺮﻣﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﺑ‬ pl. ‫ِﺑﺮام‬, ‫ﺮم‬

earthenware pot

‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬/‫ب‬ ِ ‫َﺗَﻐَﺬى‬ ‫َﺗْﻐِﺬﻳﺔ‬

nutrition

‫ﺸﻴﻘﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻨ‬

pinch of snuff

‫ُﺗﻮْرﺗﺔ‬

pie, tart

to live on

‫َﺑِّﺮﻳﻤﺔ‬

corkscrew

‫ﺳﺖ‬ ْ ‫ُﺗﻮ‬

toast

‫ﺴﻜﻮﻳﺖ‬ ْ ‫ِﺑ‬

biscuit

‫ﻼﺟﺔ‬ ّ ‫َﺛ‬

refrigerator

‫ﺸَﺮ‬ َ ‫( َﺑ‬u)

to grate

‫ف‬ ّ ‫ﺟﺎ‬

dry

‫َﺑَّﻘﺎل‬ pl. ‫َﺑَﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬, ‫ون‬-

grocer

‫ﺟﺎِﻣﺪ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫ﺟﻮاِﻣ‬ َ

hard, solid

20

FOOD AND DRINK

َ ‫ﺟ َّﺒﺎن‬

cheese seller

‫ﺟْﺒﻨﺔ‬ ِ

cheese

‫ﺸﻮرة‬ ُ ‫ﺟْﺒﻨﺔ َﻣْﺒ‬ ِ

grated cheese

‫ﺧِﻠﻴﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺧْﻤﺮ‬ َ (m/f) ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻤﻮر‬

mixture wine

jar

‫ﺧِﻤﻴﺮة‬ َ َ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﺧﻤﺎﺋ‬

َ ‫ﺟ َّﺰار‬

butcher

‫ﺟَﺰَر‬ َ (u)

ٍ ‫دا‬ ‫ع‬ ُ pl. ‫دﻋﺎة‬

to slaughter (animals)

‫ﺧَﻦ‬ َّ ‫َد‬

to smoke (food)

َ ‫ﺟ َّﻤَﺪ‬

to freeze (trans.)

‫ﺠْﻤﺪ‬ َ ‫َدَرﺟﺔ اﻟ‬

freezing point

‫ﺟﻬﺎز اﻟَﻘْﻬﻮة‬ ِ

coffee machine

‫ﺳﺘﺔ‬ ْ ‫َد‬

dozen

‫ﺣﺎّر‬

hot

(‫( َدﻋﺎ )إﻟﻰ‬u)

to invite s.o. (to)

‫ﺣﺴﺎء‬ َ

soup, broth

‫َدْﻋﻮة‬

invitation

‫ﺣﺸﺎ‬ َ (u)

to stuff

َ ‫َدْﻏَﺪ‬ ‫غ‬

to crunch (with the teeth)

‫ﺸﻮة‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

stuffing

‫َدِﻗﻴﻖ‬

flour

‫ﻆ‬ َ ‫ﺣِﻔ‬ َ (a)

to preserve, keep

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫( َدَﻟ‬u)

to spill (liquid)

‫ﺣْﻠﻮ‬ ُ

sweet (adj.)

‫ب‬ َ ‫( ذا‬u)

to melt, dissolve

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣْﻠﻮاِﺋ‬ َ

confectioner

‫ق‬ َ ‫( ذا‬u)

to taste

‫ﺣْﻠَﻮﻳﺎت‬ َ

sweets, confectionery

‫َذْوق‬

taste

‫ﺣِﻠﻴﺐ‬ َ

milk

‫َذّواق‬

gourmet, foodie

‫ﺾ‬ َ ‫ﺣُﻤ‬ َ (u)

to be/become sour

‫( َذَﺑَﺢ‬a)

َ ‫ﺧَّﺒﺎز‬

baker

‫ﺧْﺒﺰ‬ ُ

bread

‫ﺧْﺮَدل‬ َ

mustard

‫ﺧﺸﺎرة‬ ُ

leftover (of meal)

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﻀِﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ

greengrocer

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺧَﻔ‬ َ (i, u)

to beat (eggs), whip (cream)

‫ﺧّﻞ‬ َ

vinegar

ِ ‫را‬, ‫ُرْﻏﻔﺎن‬, ‫ُرُﻏﻒ‬ pl. ‫ﻏﻔﺔ‬

َ ‫ﺧ َّﻠَﻞ‬

to pickle, marinate

‫ى‬ ‫ﺣْﻠﻮ ﹰ‬ َ ‫ُرﻗﺎﻗﺔ‬

waffle

‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺧَﻠ‬ َ (i)

to mix

‫ﻖ‬ َ َ‫َرّﻗ‬

to roll out

‫ﺟّﺮة‬ َ ِ pl. ‫ﺟﺮار‬

‫ﺳﺐ‬ ِ ‫را‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫َروا‬

yeast, ferment

host, inviter

to slaughter (by slitting the throat) sediment, dregs

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫( َر‬u, i)

to sip

‫ﺷﻔﺔ‬ ْ ‫َر‬

gulp, sip (drink)

‫َرْﻏﻮة‬

foam, froth

‫َرِﻏﻴﻒ‬

flat loaf of bread, roll

FOOD AND DRINK

21

‫ُروح‬

essence

‫( َزَﺑَﺪ‬u)

to churn

‫ﺳَﻜﺮ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺳﻜﺎِﻛﻴ‬

‫َز َّﺑَﺪ‬

to froth (milk)

ُ ‫ﺳَّﻜﺮ اﻟ َّﺜﻤﺎر‬

fructose

‫ُزْﺑﺪة‬

butter

ُ ‫ﺳ َّﻜﺮ ﺧﺎم‬

raw sugar

‫ﺼﻔﺎة‬ ْ ‫ُزْﺑﺪة ُﻣ‬

clarified butter

َّ ‫ﺳ َّﻜﺮاﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﺸِﻌﻴﺮ‬

maltose

bowl

َ ‫ﺳ َّﻜﺮ اﻟِﻌﻨﺐ‬

dextrose

ُ ‫ﺼﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺳ َّﻜﺮ اﻟَﻘ‬

cane sugar

‫َزْﺑِﺪﻳﺔ‬ ِ ‫َزﺑﺎ‬ pl. ‫دي‬

sugar

‫ُزﺟﺎﺟﺔ‬

bottle

ُ ‫ﺳ َّﻜﺮ اﻟَﻠَﺒﻦ‬

lactose

‫ق‬ ّ ‫ِز‬

skin (as receptacle for liquids)

ُ ‫ﺳَّﻜﺮ ُﻣﻜَّﺮر‬

refined sugar

‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫َزَّﻳ‬

ُ ‫ﺳَّﻜﺮ ﻧﺎِﻋﻢ‬

powdered sugar

to add oil to (food)

ُ ‫ﺳَّﻜﺮ اﻟ َّﻨﺒﺎت‬

rock candy

‫ﺳْﻜﺮان‬ َ

drunk (adj.)

ْ‫أ‬ pl. ‫زَّﻗﺔ‬

‫َزْﻳﺖ‬ ُ pl. ‫زﻳﻮت‬

oil

‫َزْﻳﺖ اﻟَﺰْﻳُﺘﻮن‬

olive oil

f. ‫ﺮى‬ َ ‫ﺳْﻜ‬ َ ; pl. ‫ﺳﻜﺎَرى‬ َ

‫َزْﻳﺖ َﻧﺒﺎِﺗﻲ‬

vegetable oil

‫ﺳْﻜﺮة‬ َ

drunkenness

large conical (clay) waterjar

ُ ‫ﺳّﻜَِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

sugar bowl

َ ‫ﺳّﻜَِﺮﻳﻦ‬

saccharin

‫ِزﻳﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ِزﻳﺎر‬ pl. ‫زﻳﺎر‬ ‫ﺳﺎدة‬

unsweetened (tea, coffee)

‫ﺳِّﻜﻴﺮ‬ ِ

drunkard

‫ﺳﺎﻃﻮر‬

chopper, cleaver

‫ﺳِّﻜﻴﻦ‬ ِ

knife

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬

liquid

pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﻜﺎِﻛﻴ‬ َ

1. to braise

ُ ‫ﺳْﻠﻄﺎِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﻃﻴ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻼ‬ َ

َّ ‫ﺳ َّﺒﻚَ )اﻟ‬ َ (‫ﻄﺒﺦ‬

2. to stew

‫ﺠﻖ‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ

sausage

َ ‫ﺳَّﻤﺎك‬

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ (a)

to grind, crush

‫ﺨﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ

hot

‫ﺳْﻤﻦ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻤﻮن‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ

‫ﺨَﻦ‬ َ َّ ‫ﺳ‬

to heat up

‫ﺳْﻔﺮة‬ ُ

dining table

pl. ‫ﺳَﻔﺮ‬ ُ

‫ﺳْﻨﺪِوﻳﺶ‬ َ

tureen

fishmonger clarified butter

sandwich

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﺷﺎي‬

tea

َ ‫ﺳ َّﻘﺎء‬

water carrier

‫ﺷﺎي ِﺑﺎﻟَّﻨْﻌَﻨﻊ‬

mint tea

‫ﺳِﻜَﺮ‬ َ (a)

to get drunk

‫ﺷﺎي ِﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮز‬

almond tea

22

FOOD AND DRINK

‫ﺷِﺒَﻊ‬ َ (a)

to satisfy one’s appetite

‫ﺷْﺒﻌﺎن‬ َ

sated, satisfied (eating)

َّ ‫ﺻ‬ َ (u) ‫ﺐ‬

to pour

‫ﺤﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺻ‬ َ

plate

َ ‫ﺷْﺒ‬ َ , pl. ‫ﺷﺒﺎَﻋﻰ‬ َ , ‫ﺷﺒﺎع‬ ِ f. ‫ﻌﻰ‬

ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺤﻮن‬

‫ﺤﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺷ‬ َ

fat (n.)

‫ﺻﻔﺎر اﻟَﺒْﻴﻀﺔ‬ َ

drink

َ ‫ﺻَّﻔﺎ‬

‫ﺷﺮاب‬ َ pl. ‫ﺮﺑﺔ‬ ِ‫ﺷ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

egg yolk 1. to pour off (water) 2. to strain

‫ب‬ َ ‫ﺷِﺮ‬ َ (a)

to drink

‫ﺻْﻠﺐ‬ ُ

see ‫ﺟﺎﻣﺪ‬

‫ﺨَﺒﻪ‬ ْ ‫ﺷِﺮبَ َﻧ‬ َ

to drink to someone’s health

‫ﺻْﻠﺼﺔ‬ َ

sauce

‫ﺷْﺮﺑﺔ‬ ُ

1. soup

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻﻨﺎِﻋ‬ ِ

artificial

ُ pl. ‫ﺮﺑﺎت‬ ُ‫ﺷ‬

2. draught, swallow

َ ‫ح‬ َ ‫ﺷ َّﺮ‬

‫ﺻْﻮم‬ َ

fast(ing)

to slice

‫ﺷْﺮش اﻟَﻠَﺒﻦ‬ ِ

َ ‫ﺻ َّﻴﺎد‬

huntsman

whey

‫ﺷِﺮه‬ َ

َ ‫ﺳَﻤﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺻَّﻴﺎد‬

fisherman

glutton

‫ﺷِﺮﻳﺤﺔ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺷﺮاﺋ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺢ‬ ‫ﻄﻴﺮة‬ ِ ‫ﺷ‬ َ

slice, sliver

see ‫ﺳﻨﺪوﻳﺶ‬

pl. ‫ﺮ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺷﻄﺎﺋ‬

َ ‫ﺷِﻌﻴِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

vermicelli

َ ‫ﺷَّﻔﺎﻃﺔ‬

siphon

َ ‫ﺷَّﻔﺎﻃﺔ َﻛْﻬَﺮﺑﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

extractor hood

‫ﺷْﻤﺒﺎﻧﻴﺎ‬ َ

champagne

َ ‫ﺷَّﻮاﻳﺔ‬

grill

‫ﺷْﻮَﺑﻚ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻚ‬ ُ ‫ﺷﻮاِﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺷْﻮﻛﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻮك‬ َ‫ﺷ‬ ُ ‫ﺷَﻮى‬ َ (i)

rolling pin

‫ﺻﻴﻨﻴﺔ‬ ِ pl. ‫ن‬ ٍ ‫ﺻﻮا‬ َ ‫ﺿْﻴﻒ‬ َ

serving tray

guest

ُ pl. ‫ﺿُﻴﻮف‬ ‫ﺟﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﻃﺎ‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﻃﻮا‬ َ pl. ‫ﻦ‬

frying pan

َ ‫ﻃَّﺒﺎخ‬

cook

‫ﻃَﺒَﺦ‬ َ (u, a)

to cook

‫ﻃَﺒَﺦ ِﺑﺎﻟُﺒﺨﺎر‬ َ

to steam

‫ﻃَﺒﻖ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻃﺒﺎق‬ ْ ‫أ‬

1. see ‫ﺻﺤﻦ‬ 2. dish (course)

‫ﻃﺒﻖ اﻟِﻔْﻨﺠﺎن‬

saucer

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃِﺒﻴِﻌ‬ َ

natural, organic

1. to roast

‫ﺤﺎن‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬

miller

2. to grill

‫ﺤَﻦ‬ َ ‫ﻃ‬ َ (a)

fork

‫( ﺻﺎَد‬i)

to hunt

‫( ﺻﺎَم‬u)

to fast

1. see ‫ﺳﺤﻖ‬ 2. to grind (coffee)

‫ﺤﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﻃ‬ َ

flour

FOOD AND DRINK

ِ ‫ﻃ‬ َ ‫ﺤﻴﻦ اﻟُﺬ َّرة‬

cornflour

‫ﺷﻲ‬ ِ ‫ﻃْﺮ‬ ُ

pickles

‫ﺳِﺘْﻌﻤﺎل‬ ْ ‫ﻃِﺮﻳﻘﺔ ا‬ َ

directions for use

‫ﻃﻌﺎم‬ َ

see ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﻃْﻌﻢ‬ َ ُ‫ﻃ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻌﻮم‬

flavour

‫َﻏﺪاء‬ pl. ‫ﺪﻳﺔ‬ ِ ‫أْﻏ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِﻏﺬاﺋ‬ ‫ِﻏْﺮﺑﺎل‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﻏﺮاِﺑﻴ‬ ‫َﻏْﺮَﻏَﺮ‬

23 lunch

nutritional sieve, colander

to simmer, bubble (food in pot)

‫ﻃَﻬﻰ‬ َ (u)

to cook, stew

‫ﺾ‬ ّ ‫َﻏ‬

tender, succulent

َ ‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﻃ َّﻴ‬

to season

َّ ‫َﻏ‬ ‫ﻼﻳﺔ‬

kettle

‫ﻇْﺮف اﻟَﺒْﻴﻀﺔ‬ َ

egg cup

‫َﻏ َّﻠﻰ‬

to boil

‫( َﻏَﻠﻰ‬i)

1. see ‫ﻏَﻠﻰ‬

pl. - ‫ﺮوف‬ ُ ُ‫ﻇ‬

‫َﻋَّﺒﺄ‬

to bottle

‫ﺠﺔ‬ َّ ‫ِﻋ‬

omelette

َ ‫ﻓﺎِﺗﺢ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸِﻬ َّﻴﺔ‬

appetizing

‫ﺠَﻦ‬ َ ‫( َﻋ‬i, u)

to knead

‫ﻓﺎِرغ‬

empty

‫ﺠﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫َﻋ‬

dough, batter, paste

‫ﺳﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻓﺎ‬

see ‫ﻌِّﻔﻦ‬ َ ‫ُﻣَﺘ‬

‫ض‬ ٍ ‫ﻓﺎ‬

see ‫ﻓﺎرغ‬

ُ ‫ُﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﺠﻦ‬ ‫( َﻋَﺰَم‬i) ‫ﺴﻞ‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﺴﺎل‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺴﻮل‬ ُ ‫ُﻋ‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬ ‫ﺴَّﻜﺮ‬ ُّ ‫ﺴﻞ اﻟ‬ ‫َﻋﺸﺎء‬ pl. ‫ﺸﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫أْﻋ‬

see ‫دﻋﺎ‬ honey

treacle dinner, supper

2. to ferment

‫ﻓﺎِﻛﻬﺎﻧﻲ‬ ْ ‫َﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﻜﻬﺎِﻧَّﻴﺔ‬

fruit seller

‫ﺨْﺒﺰ‬ ُ ‫ُﻓﺘﺎت اﻟ‬

breadcrumbs

(‫ﻓ َّﺘﺎﺣﺔ )اﻟ َّﺰﺟﺎﺟﺎت‬

bottle opener

(‫َﻓ َّﺘﺎﺣﺔ )اﻟُﻌَﻠﺐ‬

tin opener

‫َﻓّﺦ‬

trap (animals)

‫ﺼﺎرة‬ َّ ‫َﻋ‬

(fruit) press

‫ﺼَﺮ‬ َ ‫( َﻋ‬i)

to squeeze, press (fruit)

‫ﺨﺪ‬ ْ ‫َﻓ‬

leg of lamb

‫ﺼﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫َﻋ‬

juice

mincer

‫ﻋﺼﻴﺮ اﻟَﻔﻮاِﻛﻪ‬

‫َﻓ َّﺮاﻣﺔ‬

fruit juice

‫( َﻓَﺮَم‬i)

to chop, mince

‫ﺾ‬ ّ ‫( َﻋ‬a)

to bite

‫ُﻓْﺮن‬ pl. ‫أْﻓﺮان‬

‫ُﻋْﻠﺒﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻋَﻠﺐ‬ ُ

packet, pack

‫( َﻋَﻠَﻚ‬i,u)

to chew

‫ِﻋْﻠﻚ‬

mastic, chewing gum

pl. ‫ِﻓﺨﺎخ‬, ‫ﺨﻮخ‬ ُ ‫ُﻓ‬

oven

‫ِﻓﺸﺎر‬

popcorn

‫ﺺ‬ ّ ‫َﻓ‬

1. clove (garlic)

ُ ‫ُﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﺼﻮص‬

2. segment (orange)

24

FOOD AND DRINK

‫ﻄَﺮ‬ َ ‫( َﻓ‬u)

to have breakfast

‫ﻄﻮر‬ ُ ‫ُﻓ‬

breakfast

‫ِﻓْﻨﺠﺎن‬ ُ ‫ﺟﻴ‬ ِ ‫َﻓﻨﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ‫َﻓ َّﻮال‬ (‫ﺳْﻔﺮة‬ ُ ) ‫ﻓﻮﻃﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﻮط‬

cup

beanseller

‫ِﻗ ِّﻨﻴﻨﺔ‬ ٍ ‫َﻗﻨﺎ‬ pl. ‫ن‬

2. see ‫زﺟﺎﺟﺔ‬

napkin

‫َﻗْﻬﻮة‬

coffee

‫َﻗْﻬﻮة َﻋَﺮِﺑ َّﻴﺔ‬

Turkish coffee

‫ﻛﺄس‬

glass

paper napkin

‫ﻗﺎُرورة‬

long-necked bottle

َ ‫( َﻛَﺒ‬i) ‫ﺲ‬

to preserve (e.g. in vinegar)

mould

‫َﻛْﺒﺸﺔ‬

1. scoop 2. spatula

‫َﻗَﺪح‬

cup, beaker pot

‫َﻗِﺪﻳﺪ‬

jerked meat

‫( َﻗَﺮَم‬i)

to nibble chopping block

‫ﺸَﺪ‬ َ ‫( َﻗ‬u)

to skim (cream)

‫ﺸﺪة‬ ْ ‫ِﻗ‬

cream

‫ﺨُﻔﻮﻗﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺸﺪة َﻣ‬ ْ ‫ِﻗ‬

whipped cream

َّ ‫َﻗ‬ ‫ﺸَﺮ‬

to peel

‫ﺨْﺒﺰ‬ ُ ‫ﺸﺮة اﻟ‬ ْ ‫ِﻗ‬

bread crust

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫( َﻗ‬i)

pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﻛﺆوس‬, ‫ﻛﺌﺎس‬ ِ

menu

to be savoury (food)

‫ُﻗْﺮﻣﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﺮم‬

1. flask

to pour out/away (liquid)

َ ‫( َﻗِﺪ‬i) ‫( َﻗﺪا‬u)/‫ى‬ ‫ِﻗْﺪر‬ ُ ‫ُﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﺪور‬

funnel

‫ﺐ‬ َّ ‫( َﻛ‬u)

pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻮاِرﻳ‬

‫ﻗﺎِﻟﺐ‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻮاِﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬

to fry

‫ُﻗْﻤﻊ‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﻤﺎع‬

‫ﻓﻮﻃﺔ اﻟَﻮَرق‬

‫ﻄﻌﺎم‬ َّ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻟ‬

‫( َﻗﻼ‬u)

to cut up (slaughtered animals)

َ ‫َﻗ‬ ‫ﺴَّﻜﺮ‬ ُّ ‫ﺼﺐ اﻟ‬

sugar cane

‫ﺼﻌﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬

bowl

َ ‫َﻗ‬, ‫ﺼﻊ‬ َ ‫ِﻗ‬, ‫ِﻗﺼﺎع‬ pl. ‫ﺼﻌﺎت‬

‫َﻛﺮار‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

pantry

َّ ‫َﻛ‬ ‫ﺠْﻮز‬ َ ‫ﺴﺎرة اﻟ‬

nutcracker

‫ﺴُﺘِﻠﻴﺘﻪ‬ ْ ‫ُﻛ‬

cutlet

‫َﻛْﻌﻚ‬

cake

‫ُﻛﻮب‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﻮاب‬

cup

‫( ﻻَن‬i)

to become soft

‫ﺐ‬ ّ ‫ُﻟ‬

core, kernel (fruit)

pl. ‫ُﻟُﺒﻮب‬

‫َﻟ َّﺒﺎن‬

milkman

‫َﻟَﺒﻦ‬

see ‫ﺣﻠﻴﺐ‬

‫ﺾ‬ ّ ‫ﺨ‬ َ ‫َﻟَﺒﻦ اﻟ‬

butter milk

‫ﺳﻢ‬ ِ ‫َﻟَﺒﻦ َﻏْﻴﺮ َد‬

skimmed milk

‫ﺳﻢ‬ ِ ‫ﺼﻒ َد‬ ْ ‫َﻟَﺒﻦ ُﻧ‬

semi-skimmed milk

َ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﺲ‬ ِ ‫( َﻟ‬a)

to lick

‫ﺤﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﻟ‬

meat

ُ ‫ُﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﺤﻮم‬

FOOD AND DRINK

25

‫ﺤﻢ َﻣْﻔُﺮوم‬ ْ ‫َﻟ‬

minced meat

‫ُﻣّﺮ‬

bitter

‫َﻟِﺬﻳﺬ‬

tasty

‫ُﻣَﺮ َّﺑﻰ‬

jam

َّ ‫( َﻟ‬u) ‫ف‬

to roll up

‫ﻃﺒﺎت‬ ‫ُﻣَﺮ ﱢ‬

soft drinks

‫َﻟَﻬﺐ‬

flame

‫َﻣَﺮق‬

gravy

block of ice

‫َﻣْﺮُﻗﻮق‬

thin (e.g. pastry)

‫ﻄﻮن‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﺮَﻣ‬

kitchen boy, scullery boy

‫ﻣﺎء اﻟَﺰْﻫﺮ‬

orange-blossom water

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﻣﺎء اﻟَﻮْرد‬

rose water

‫َﻣَّﺰة‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﻣﺎزة‬

‫ﺠِﻠﻴﺪ‬ َ ‫َﻟْﻮح اﻟ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫أْﻟﻮاح‬

‫َﻣْﺄُدﺑﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﻣ|ﺎِد‬ pl. ‫ب‬

banquet

mezze (appetizers)

َ ‫( َﻣَﺰ‬u) ‫ج‬

to whip, mix (cream, eggs)

‫ﻣﺎِﻟﺢ‬

salty

‫َﻣِﺰﻳﺞ‬

see ‫ﺧﻠﻴﻂ‬

‫ﻣﺎِوى‬

juicy

‫ﺤﻮق‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

ground, crushed

‫ﻣﺎﻳﻮﻧﻴﺰ‬

mayonnaise

‫ﺸُﺮوب‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

beverage

‫ﺸﺮة‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﺒ‬

grater

َّ ‫ُﻣَﺒ‬ ‫ب‬ ِ ‫ﻄﻦ‬

ِ ‫ﺸُﺮوﺑﺎت ُرو‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﺣ َّﻴﺔ‬

spirits, alcoholic beverages

lined with

‫ُﻣَﺘ َّﺒﻞ‬

‫ﺸِﻮي‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

1. grilled

spicy

‫ُﻣَﺘَﻌِّﻔﻦ‬

rotten, mouldy

َّ ‫( َﻣ‬a, u) ‫ﺺ‬

‫ﺠَﺰرة‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

slaughterhouse

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺠ َّﻔﻒ‬

dried

‫ﺼﻔﺎة‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ف‬ ٍ ‫َﻣﺼﺎ‬

2. percolator

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺠ َّﻔﻔﺎت‬

dried foodstuffs

‫ﺼَﻞ‬ َ ‫( َﻣ‬u)

to curdle

‫ﺸﻰ‬ ِ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

stuffed

‫ﺼﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

whey

‫ﺨْﺒﺰ‬ ُ ‫ﺤَﻤﺼﺔ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

toaster

‫ﻀُﺒﻮط‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

medium sweet (coffee, tea)

‫ﺤُﻔﻮﻇﺎت‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

tinned goods

‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫ﺤّﻠ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

sweetened

‫ﻀَﺮب‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ب‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻀﺎِر‬

‫ﺨَﻔﻘﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

eggbeater, whisk

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺨ َّﻠﻔﺎت‬

leftovers, scraps

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺨ َّﻠﻞ‬

pickled

‫َﻣْﺪُﻋﻮ‬

guest, invitee

‫ق‬ ّ ‫ِﻣَﺪ‬

pestle

pl. ‫ات‬-

2. roasted to suck 1. colander

see ‫ﻣﺨﻔﻘﺔ‬

‫ﻀﺮوب‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

scrambled (eggs)

‫ﻀَﻎ‬ َ ‫( َﻣ‬a, u)

see ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻋﻠ‬

‫ﻀﻐﺔ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﻀﻎ‬ ‫ﻄَﺒﺦ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺦ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻄﺎِﺑ‬

chewing gum

kitchen

26

‫ﻄَﺒﺦ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺦ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻄﺎِﺑ‬

FOOD AND DRINK cooker 2. to cure

‫ِﻣْﻠَﻌﻘﺔ‬

‫ﻄُﺒﻮخ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

cooked

ُ ‫ﻣﻼِﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬

‫ﺤﻨﺔ اﻟُﺒّﻦ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

coffee mill

‫ُﻣَﻤ َّﻠﺢ‬

‫ﺤﻨﺔ َﻗْﻬَﻮة‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

see ‫ﻦ‬ ّ ‫ﺤﻨﺔ اﻟُﺒ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

‫ﺤﻮن‬ ُ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

see ‫ﻣﺴﺤﻮق‬

‫ِﻣْﻨِﺪﻳﻞ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻨﺎدِﻳ‬

restaurant

‫َﻣْﻨُﻬﻮم‬

‫ﻄَﻌﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻄﺎِﻋ‬

pan

‫َﻣْﻌَﻤﻞ اﻟَﻠَﺒﻦ‬

dairy (plant)

‫ِﻣْﻐَﺮﻓﺔ‬

ladle tablecloth

‫ِﻣْﻔَﺮﻣﺔ‬

meat grinder

‫ُﻣَﻔْﻠَﻔﻞ‬

peppered

‫ُﻣَﻘِّﺒﻼت‬

hors d’oeuvres

‫َﻣْﻘﺪار‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻘﺎِدﻳ‬ ‫ُﻣَﻘْﺮَﻣﺶ‬ ‫ِﻣْﻘﻼة‬ pl. ‫ل‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻘﺎ‬ ‫َﻣْﻘِﻠﻰ‬

salted, cured see ‫ﻓﻮﻃﺔ‬

1. see ‫ﺷﺮه‬ 2. greedy

‫ﻄﻬﺎة‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

‫َﻣْﻔَﺮش‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻔﺎِر‬ pl. ‫ش‬

spoon

measure (quantity)

crisp, dry see ‫ﻃﺎﺟﻦ‬

fried

‫ُﻣَﻮﱢﻗﺖ ِﺑﻴﺾ‬

egg-timer

‫َﻣْﻮِﻗﺪ‬

stove (gas)

ُ ‫َﻣﻮاِﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺎِدل‬ ُ ‫ُﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﺪل‬

waiter

‫ﺿﺞ‬ ِ ‫ﻧﺎ‬

cooked (< > raw)

‫ﺨَﻞ‬ َ ‫( َﻧ‬u)

to strain, sift

‫َﻧﺸﺎء‬

corn starch

‫ﺸَﻮّﻳﺎت‬ َ ‫َﻧ‬

starchy foodstuffs

‫ﺿﺞ‬ ِ ‫ﺼﻒ ﻧﺎ‬ ْ ‫ُﻧ‬

half-cooked

‫ﻀَﺞ‬ ِ ‫( َﻧ‬a)

to be(come) well cooked

‫َﻧْﻤِﻠﻴﺔ‬

food safe, meat safe

‫َﻧَﻬﻢ‬

gluttony

‫َﻧﻮاة‬

kernel, stone

pl. ‫َﻧَﻮﻳﺎت‬

‫َﻣَﻜُﺮوﻧﺔ‬

macaroni

‫ُﻣَﻜَّﺮر‬

purified, refined

ُ ‫ُﻣَﻜَّﻌﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺳَّﻜﺮ‬

sugar cube

َّ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﻼﺣﺔ‬

salt cellar

‫ﻼﺣﺔ ُﻓْﻠُﻔﻞ‬ َّ ‫َﻣ‬

‫ﺶ‬ ّ ‫َﻫ‬

see ‫ﺾ‬ ّ ‫ﻏ‬

pepper cellar

‫ُﻫﻼم‬

jelly

‫َﻣﻶن‬

filled

‫َﻣ َّﻠَﺢ‬

1. to season with salt

‫ﺟﺒﺔ‬ ْ ‫َو‬ َ ‫َو‬ pl. ‫ﺟﺒﺎت‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِﻧ‬ ‫ﻫﺎُوون‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫َﻫﻮاِوﻳ‬

raw mortar (vessel)

1. meal 2. see ‫( ﻃﺒﻖ‬2)

THE HUMAN BODY

‫ﺷﻔﺔ‬ ِ ‫وﺟﺒﺔ ﻧﺎ‬

dry rations

‫ﻃَﺒﺦ‬ َ ‫ﺻﻔﺔ‬ ْ ‫َو‬

recipe

‫ﻳﺎِﺑﺲ‬

27 1. firm 2. see ‫ف‬ ّ ‫ﺟﺎ‬

The human body ‫اْﺑﺾ‬vُ pl. ‫آﺑﺎض‬ ‫إْﺑﻂ‬ pl. ‫آﺑﺎط‬ ‫إْﺑﻬﺎم‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫أﺑﺎﻫﻴ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎض‬ ْ ‫إ‬ ‫ﺾ‬ َ ‫ﺟَﻬ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫إْﻓﺮاز‬

secretion, discharge

‫إﻓﺮازات ُأْذِﻧّﻴﺔ‬

earwax

‫إﻓﺮازات ِﻣْﻬَﺒِﻠّﻴﺔ‬

vaginal discharge

1. thumb

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫أْﻧ‬

to give birth

2. big toe

‫إْﻧﺴﺎن اﻟَﻌْﻴﻦ‬

pupil (eye)

1. miscarriage

‫ِاْﻧَﻘﺺَّ اﻟَﻮْزن‬

to lose weight

2. abortion

‫ُأْﻧُﻤﻠﺔ‬ ُ ‫أﻧﺎِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

hollow of the knee

armpit

1. to miscarry 2. to abort

‫ﺧَﻤﺺ اﻟَﻘَﺪم‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫أْدَرد‬ ْ ‫َد‬, pl. ‫ُدْرد‬ f. ‫رداء‬ ‫ُأْذن‬ pl. ‫آذان‬

arch of the foot to be toothless

ear

nose

‫ﺻﻮِﺗَﻴﺔ‬ َ ‫َأْوﺗﺎر‬

vocal folds

‫أْﻳﺮ‬

penis

pl. ‫أﻳﻮر‬

‫ﻃﻦ اﻟَﻘَﺪم‬ ِ ‫ﺑﺎ‬

sole of the foot

masturbation

‫ﻒ‬ ّ َ‫ﻃﻦ اﻟﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﺑﺎ‬

palm of the hand

finger

‫( ﺑﺎَل‬u)

to urinate

‫ِﺑﺮاز‬

faeces

‫ﺳَﺘْﻤﻨﺎ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to masturbate

‫ﺳِﺘْﻤﻨﺎء‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ ‫ﺻَﺒﻊ‬ ْ ‫إ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫أﺻﺎِﺑ‬

‫أْﻧﻒ‬ pl. ‫أُﻧﻮف‬, ‫آﻧﺎف‬

fingertip

‫ﺳﻂ‬ َ ‫إﺻﺒﻊ اﻷْو‬

middle finger

‫ﺟﻞ اﻟَﻜِﺒﻴﺮ‬ ْ ‫إﺻﺒﻊ اﻟِّﺮ‬

big toe

‫ﺟﻤﺔ‬ ُ ‫ُﺑْﺮ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫َﺑﺮا‬

‫ﺻَﺒﻊ اﻟَﻘَﺪم‬ ْ ‫إ‬

toe

‫ﺑﺮوﺳﺘﺎت‬

prostate

‫ﺻﻞ اﻟِﻠﺴﺎن‬ ْ ‫أ‬

tongue root

‫ﺸﻊ‬ ِ ‫َﺑ‬

see ‫ﻗﺒﻴﺢ‬

‫ﺤَﻴﺘﻪ‬ ْ ‫ﻃَﻠﻖَ ِﻟ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to let one’s beard grow

‫ُﺑﺼﺎق‬

saliva, phlegm

‫ﺳﻞ‬ ُ ‫أْﻋﻀﺎء اﻟ َّﺘﻨﺎ‬

genitals

‫ﺼﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬

sight

knuckle

28

THE HUMAN BODY

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺼِﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬

visual

‫َﺗْﻮِﻟﻴﺪ‬

child delivery

‫ﺼَﺮ‬ ُ ‫( َﺑ‬u)

to look

‫ﺛﺎِﻧﻴﺔ‬

front incisor

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫( َﺑ‬u)

to spit

‫ﺼﻤﺔ اﻷﺻﺎِﺑﻊ‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬

fingerprint

َّ ‫ﻄﺔ اﻟ‬ َ ‫َﺑ‬ ‫ﺴﺎق‬

calf

‫ﻄﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬

clitoris

pl. ‫ُﺑﻄﻮر‬

‫َﺛْﺪي‬ pl. ‫أْﺛﺪاء‬ ‫َﺛِﻨَﻴﺔ‬

breast, bosom

middle incisor

pl. ‫َﺛﻨﺎﻳﺎ‬

‫ُﺛْﺆﺑﺎء‬

yawn

belly

(‫ُﺛْﺆُﻟﻮل )ة‬ ُ ‫ﺛ|ﺎِﻟﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

to cry, weep

‫ﺠْﻨﺲ‬ ِ ‫ﺟﺎِذِﺑ َّﻴﺔ اﻟ‬

sex appeal

pharynx

َ ‫( ﺟﺎ‬u) ‫ع‬

to be hungry

ring finger

‫ﺟﺎﺋﻊ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺟﻴﺎع‬

‫ُﺑْﻨﻴﺎن‬

physique, stature

َ , ‫ﺟﺒﺎه‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺟَﺒﻬﺎت‬

‫ُﺑْﺆُﺑﺆ اﻟَﻌْﻴﻦ‬

see ‫اﻧﺴﺎن اﻟﻌﻴﻦ‬

‫َﺑ َّﻮَز‬

to pout

ُ ‫ﺟ َّﺜﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺟَﺜﺚ‬ ُ , ‫ﺟﺜﺎث‬ ْ ‫أ‬

urine

‫ﻆ‬ َ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ (a)

‫ُﺑَﻮْﻳﻀﺔ‬

ovum

‫ﺴﺪ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺟﺴﺎد‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫َﺗَﺒ َّﺮَز‬

to defecate

‫ب‬ َ ‫َﺗَﺜﺎَء‬

to yawn

‫َﺗﺠﺎِﻋﻴﺪ‬

wrinkles (face)

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺸﺄ‬ َّ ‫ﺠ‬

to burp

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺨَّﻠﺺَ ِﻣﻦ اﻟَﻮْزن‬

see ‫اﻧﻘﺺ اﻟﻮزن‬

‫َﺗْﺪِﻟﻴﻚ‬

massage

‫ﺼِﺮﻳﺤﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

hairdo (women)

‫ﺟْﻠﺪ‬ ِ ُ pl. ‫ﺟﻠﻮد‬

‫ﺲ‬ َ َ‫َﺗَﻨّﻔ‬

to breathe

‫ﺟﻤﺎل‬ َ

beauty

‫َﺗَﻨﱡﻔﺲ‬

breathing, respiration

‫ﺠﻤﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﺟْﻤ‬ ُ

skull

‫ش‬ َ ‫ﺷَﻮ‬ ْ ‫َﺗَﻮ‬

see ‫( ﻫﻤﺲ‬1)

‫ﺟِﻤﻴﻞ‬ َ

beautiful

‫ﻄﻦ‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬ ُ ‫أْﺑ‬ pl. ‫ُﺑﻄﻮن‬, ‫ﻄﻦ‬ ‫( َﺑَﻜﻰ‬i) ‫ُﺑْﻠﻌﻮم‬ ُ ‫ﺑﻼِﻋﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺼﺮ‬ ِ ‫ِﺑْﻨ‬ ِ ‫َﺑﻨﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ‫ﺻ‬

‫َﺑْﻮل‬ pl. ‫أْﺑﻮال‬

‫ﺟْﺒﻬﺔ‬ َ

‫ﺴﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺟﺴﺎم‬ ْ ‫أ‬

wart

starved, famished

forehead

corpse

to protrude (eye) see ‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬

body

‫ﺟَﻌﺪة‬ َ

curl, lock

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟْﻌِﺪ‬ َ

curly

‫ﺟْﻔﻦ‬ َ

eyelid

ُ , ‫ﺟﻔﺎن‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺟﻔﻮن‬ skin

THE HUMAN BODY

‫ﺟِﻨﻴﻦ‬ َ ِ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺟُﻨﻦ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺟَﻨﺔ‬

foetus

‫ﺣْﻤﻞ‬ َ

nervous system

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻀﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺟﻬﺎز َﻫ‬ ِ

digestive system

‫ﺠﺮة‬ َ ‫ﺣْﻨ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﻨﺎ‬ َ ُ‫ﺟ‬

‫ﺟﻮع‬ ُ

hunger

َ ‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺣ َّﻨ‬

‫ﺟْﻮﻋﺎن‬ َ

hungry

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟْﻴﺐ أْﻧِﻔ‬ َ

sinus

‫ف‬ ٍ ‫ﺣﺎ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺣﻔﺎة‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻓﺔ اﻟِﻠﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﺣﺎِﻟﺐ‬ ُ ‫ﺣﻮاِﻟ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺐ‬

eyebrow

barefooted

‫ﺣَﻨﻚ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺣﻨﺎك‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺻﻠﺔ َﻣﺮاِرّﻳﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺣْﻮ‬ َ ‫ﺣْﻮض‬ َ pl. ‫ﺣﻮاض‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺧّﺪ‬ َ

tongue edge urether

‫ﺣْﺒﻞ اﻟَﻮِرﻳﺪ‬ َ

jugular vein

‫ﺧﺼﻮﺑﺔ‬ ُ

to feel, sense

‫ﺲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺣﻮاس‬ ْ ‫أ‬

sense

‫ﺴﻴﺎت‬ ِّ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ

sensations

‫ﺸﻔﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

glans

َّ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﻼق‬

hairdresser, barber

‫ﺣْﻠﻖ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺣﻠﻮق‬ ُ , ‫ﺣﻼق‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺣَﻠ‬ َ (i) ‫ﺣَﻠﻤﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺣَﻠﻢ‬ َ

throat

pelvis

cheek

fertile

conception

‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﺣ ﱠ‬ َ (u)

gall bladder

‫ﺼﺐ‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

‫ﺣَﺒﻞ‬ َ

lap

palate

fertility

‫ﺼﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺼﻮر‬ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ

‫ﺠﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ

to embalm (corpse)

‫ﺼﺐ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ

pregnant

diaphragm

larynx

pl. ‫ﺧﺪود‬ ُ

‫ﺣﺎِﻣﻞ‬

‫ﺟﺰ‬ ِ ‫ﺤﺠﺎب اﻟﺤﺎ‬ ِ ‫اﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ُ , ‫ﺠﺒﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺠﺐ‬

pregnancy

pl. ‫ﺣﻤﺎل‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺣﻤﺎل‬ ِ

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺼﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺟﻬﺎز َﻋ‬ ِ

‫ﺟﺐ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﻮا‬ َ

29

‫ﺼﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ ً ‫ﺧﺼ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻰ‬ ‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺷْﻌﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻂ‬ ّ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺧﻼﻟﺔ‬ ِ ِ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺧ َّﻠﺔ‬

waist, haunch

see ‫ﺼﺐ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ testicle

hairline toothpick

َ (i) ‫ﺧ َّﻦ‬

to speak with a nasal twang

ُ ‫ﺧ َّﻨﺔ‬

nasal twang

‫ﺼﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺧْﻨ‬ ِ ِ ‫ﺧﻨﺎ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺧْﻴﺸﻮم‬ َ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫ﺧﻴﺎﺷﻴ‬ َ

little finger

see ‫اﻧﻒ‬v

to shave (head, beard)

‫دار اﻟ َّﺘْﻮِﻟﻴﺪ‬

maternity home

nipple

‫ﺸْﻌﺮ‬ َ ‫َد ُّﺑﻮس ﻟﻠ‬

hairpin

‫َدَرق‬

thyroid gland

30

THE HUMAN BODY

‫غ‬ َ ‫َدْﻏَﺪ‬

to tickle

‫ﺿَﻊ‬ َ ‫َر‬

‫َد َّﻟَﻚ‬

to massage

‫رﺿﻊ َﺛْﺪي ُأِّﻣﻪ‬

‫َدم‬

blood

ِ pl. ‫دﻣﺎء‬ ‫ِدﻣﺎغ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻐﺔ‬ ُ ‫أْد‬ ‫( َدَﻣَﻊ‬a) ‫( َدْﻣﻊ‬coll.) ُ pl. ‫دﻣﻮع‬

see ‫ﺦ‬ ّ ‫ﻣ‬

to water (eyes) tears

‫َدُﻣﻮع‬

watery, tearful (eyes)

‫َدْورة َدَﻣِﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

blood circulation

‫ﺷْﻬِﺮّﻳﺔ‬ َ ‫دورة‬

period (menstruation)

‫ِذراع‬

arm

ُ ‫أْذ‬, ‫ُذْرﻋﺎن‬ pl. ‫رع‬ ‫َذْﻗﻦ‬ ْ ‫ا‬, ‫ِذَﻗﻦ‬ pl. ‫ذﻗﺎن‬ ‫َذَﻛﺮ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﻮر‬ ُ ‫ُذ‬

to breast-feed

‫ﺿﻴﻊ‬ ِ ‫َر‬

suckling

َ ‫ُر‬, ‫ِرﺿﺎﺋُﻊ‬ pl. ‫ﺿﻌﺎء‬ ‫ﺿﻔﺔ‬ ْ ‫َر‬ ‫َرَﻗﺒﺔ‬ ُ , ‫ات‬pl. ‫رﻗﺎب‬ ‫( َرَﻗَﺪ‬i) ‫ُرْﻛﺒﺔ‬ َ ‫ُر‬, ‫َرْﻛﺒﺎت‬ pl. ‫ﻛﺐ‬

appendix

chin

see ‫أﻳﺮ‬

‫زاﺋﺪة أْﻧِﻔ َّﻴﺔ‬

adenoids

‫( زاد اﻟَﻮْزن‬i)

to put on weight

‫زاﺋﺪة اﻟَﻮْزن‬

weight gain

‫ﺳﺎِﻋﺪ‬

forearm

‫ﺳﺎق‬ pl. ‫ﺳﻴﻘﺎن‬

‫ﺣﻢ‬ ِ ‫َر‬ ْ‫أ‬ pl. ‫رﺣﺎم‬

knee

‫زاﺋﺪة‬

to see

‫ُرﺑﺎِﻋَﻴﺔ‬

to lie down

ُ ‫َزواﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬

‫( َرأى‬u)

‫َرأس‬ ُ pl. ‫رؤوس‬

neck

to drool, slaver

ُ ‫ﺳﻮاِﻋ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺪ‬

‫راﺣﺔ‬ pl. ‫راح‬, ‫ات‬-

kneecap

‫َرَّﻳَﻞ‬

ponytail

‫ﺟﻞ‬ ْ ‫ِر‬ pl. ‫ﺟﻞ‬ ُ ‫أْر‬

to suckle at the mother’s breast

‫ﺿﻊ‬ ‫َر ﱠ‬

‫ﺤﺼﺎن‬ ِ ‫َذْﻳﻞ اﻟ‬ ‫راﺋﺤﺔ‬ ُ ‫َرواﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﺢ‬

to suck (baby)

smell

leg

palm

1. leg 2. shank

‫ﺳَﺒﺎﺑﺔ‬ َ

index finger

َ ‫ﺳَﺒﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺧِّﺪ َّﻳﺔ‬

sideburns

‫ﺳﺤﺎءة‬ َ َ pl. ‫ﺳﺤﺎﻳﺎ‬

cortex

ُ ‫ﺳَّﺮة‬

navel

َ (‫ﺷْﻌَﺮه‬ َ ) َ‫ﺳَّﺮح‬

to comb, do one’s hair

lateral incisor

‫ﺳْﻘﻒ اﻟَﻔﻢ‬ َ

roof of the mouth

womb

‫ﺟﻞ‬ ْ ‫ﺳﻤﺎﻧﺔ اﻟِّﺮ‬ َ

calf

‫ﺳَﻤﻊ‬ َ (i)

to hear, listen

head

THE HUMAN BODY

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺷْﻌِﺮ‬ َ

31

‫ﺳْﻤﻊ‬ َ

hearing

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳﻤِﻌ‬

auditory, aural

‫ﺳِﻤَﻦ‬ َ (a)

to become fat

‫ﺷﻔﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺷﻔﺎه‬ ِ

‫ﺳْﻤﻨﺔ‬ ِ

obesity

َّ ‫اﻟ‬ ُّ ‫ﺸﻔﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴْﻔَﻠﻰ‬

lower lip

fat

َّ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸﻔﺔ اﻟُﻌْﻠﻴﺎ‬

upper lip

‫ﺳِﻤﻴﻦ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺳﻤﺎن‬ ِ ‫ﺳّﻦ‬ ِ

tooth

pl. ‫ﺳﻨﺎن‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﺷْﻔﺮة‬ َ pl. ‫ﺷَﻔﺮات‬ َ , ‫ﺷﻔﺎر‬ ِ

hairy, hirsute lip

razor blade

َ (u, a) ‫ﺷَّﻢ‬

to smell, sniff

ِ ‫ﺷﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﺳﻦّ اﻟ ُّﺮ‬

the age of reason

‫ﺷّﻢ‬ َ

smelling, sense of smell

‫ﻃﻌﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻦّ ﻗﺎ‬ ِ

incisor

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺷَﻬ‬ َ (a, i)

to inhale

teeth-ridge, alveolum

‫ﺷﻮﺷﺔ‬ ُ

tuft of hair

‫ﺤﻼﻗﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺻﺎُﻟﻮن اﻟ‬

barber’s shop

‫ﺻﱠﺢ‬ َ (u)

to wake up

َ ‫ﺤﻰ‬ َّ ‫ﺻ‬

to wake (trans.)

‫ﺳْﻨﺦ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺳﻨﺎخ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺷﺎِرب‬ ُ ‫ﺷﻮاِر‬ َ pl. ‫ب‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﺔ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺷﺎم‬

moustache

mole, birthmark

‫ﺻْﺪر‬ َ pl. ‫ﺻﺪور‬ ُ

chest

‫ﺷﺎﺋﺐ‬

white-haired, old

‫ﺻْﺪغ‬ َ

temple

‫ﺷﺒﺎب‬ َ

youth

َ ‫ﺷَﺒِﻜَّﻴﺔ اﻟَﻌْﻴﻦ‬

‫ﺻِﻐﻴﺮ‬ َ

short

retina

ِ pl. ‫ﺻﻐﺎر‬

‫ﺤﻤﺔ اُﻷْذن‬ ْ ‫ﺷ‬ َ

ear lobe

‫ﺼْﻔﺮاء‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

bile

‫ﺨَﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺷ‬ َ (i)

to snore

َ ‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺻَّﻔ‬

to arrange one’s hair

‫ﺷْﺮج‬ َ

anus, rectum

‫ﺻَﻔﻦ‬ َ

scrotum

pl. ‫ج‬ ُ ‫ﺷﺮا‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﺷْﺮﻳﺎن‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺷﺮاِﻳﻴﻦ‬ َ ‫ﺷْﻌﺒﺔ‬ ُ

pl. ‫ﺻﻔﺎن‬ ْ ‫أ‬ artery

bronchus

pl. ‫ﻌﺐ‬ َ‫ﺷ‬ ُ

‫ﺷَﻌَﺮ‬ َ (u) ‫ﺷْﻌﺮ‬ َ ُ‫ﺷ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻌﻮر‬ ‫ﺴَﺘﻌﺎر‬ ْ ‫ﺷْﻌﺮ ُﻣ‬ َ

see ‫ﺲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣ‬ hair

‫ﺻْﻮت‬ َ pl. ‫ﺻﻮات‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺣﻚ‬ ِ ‫ﺿﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻚ‬ ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺿﻮا‬ َ

1. sound 2. voice premolar

‫ﺿﱠﺞ‬ َ

to be noisy, to clamour

‫ﺿْﺮس‬ ِ

molar tooth

pl. ‫ﺿﺮاس‬ ْ ‫أ‬ wig

‫ﺿْﺮس اﻟَﻌْﻘﻞ‬ ِ

wisdom tooth

32

THE HUMAN BODY

‫ط‬ َ ‫ﺿَﺮ‬ َ (i)

to break wind

‫ﺿْﺮط‬ َ (coll.)

fart

‫ﺿْﻠﻊ‬ ِ , ‫ﺿَﻠﻊ‬ ِ ُ , ‫ﺿﻼع‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺿﻠﻮع‬ ‫ﺣﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﻃﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﻃﻮا‬ َ (‫ﻃﺄﻃﺄ )َرْأﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺤﺎل‬ ِ ُ ‫ﻃ‬ ُ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺤﻞ‬

rib

‫َﻋَﺮق‬ ‫ُﻋْﺮﻗﻮب‬ ُ ‫َﻋﺮاﻗﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬

sweat Achilles’ tendon

1. see ‫ﻋﺎر‬

‫ُﻋْﺮﻳﺎن‬ pl. ‫ﻋﺮاﻳﺎ‬ َ

2. nakedness

‫ُﻋْﺮﻳﺎِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬

naturism

to bow one’s head

‫ﺼﺐ‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬

1. nerve

spleen

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﺼﺎب‬

2. sinew

ِ ‫َﻋ‬ ‫ﻄﻖ‬ ْ ‫ﺼﻲ اﻟُّﻨ‬

incapable of speech

see ‫ﺿﺮس‬

‫ف‬ َ ‫ﻃَﺮ‬ َ (i)

to wink

‫ﻀﻞ‬ ِ ‫َﻋ‬

muscular, brawny

‫ﻃْﺮف‬ َ

blink of an eye

‫ﻀﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬

muscle

‫ﻃَﺮف اﻟِﻠﺴﺎن‬ َ

tip of the tongue

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻀﻠ‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬

muscular (compounds)

‫ﻃﻮل‬ ُ

height, length

‫ﻀﻮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻋ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻀﺎء‬

pl. ‫ﻃﻮال‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﻃِﻮﻳﻞ‬ َ ِ pl. ‫ﻃﻮال‬ ‫ﻇُﻔﺮ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫أﻇﺎِﻓ‬ ‫ﻇْﻨﺒﻮب‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫ﻇﻨﺎﺑﻴ‬ َ ‫ﻇْﻬﺮ‬ َ ُ , ‫ﻇُﻬﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻇﻬﻮر‬

limb, organ

tall

‫ﻄﺎر‬ َّ ‫َﻋ‬

perfume vendor

‫ﻄﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِﻋ‬

scent, perfume

nail

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻄﺎر‬

shinbone

back

َ ‫ﻄ‬ ‫ﺲ‬ َ ‫( َﻋ‬i, u)

to sneeze

َ ‫ﻄ‬ ‫ﺲ‬ َّ ‫َﻋ‬

to cause to sneeze

‫ﻄﺴﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻋ‬

sneeze

‫ﺶ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫( َﻋ‬a)

to be thirsty

‫ﻋﺎٍر‬

naked

‫ﻄﺶ‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬

thirst

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺴ‬ ِ ‫ﺟْﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﺎِزل‬

condom

‫ﻄﺸﺎن‬ ْ ‫َﻋ‬

thirsty

‫ش‬ َ ‫( ﻋﺎ‬i)

to live, be alive

‫ﻋﺎﻧﺔ‬

groin, pubis

‫ِﻋْﺒﺮة‬ pl. ‫ﻋَﺒﺮ‬ ِ , ‫َﻋَﺒﺮات‬ ‫ﺠﻮز‬ ُ ‫َﻋ‬

see ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ْ ‫د‬

old, elderly

bone

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻈﻢ َﻛِﺘِﻔ‬ ْ ‫َﻋ‬

shoulder blade

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟِﻬ‬ ْ ‫ﻈﻢ َو‬ ْ ‫َﻋ‬

cheekbone

‫ُﻋْﻘﺪة‬

joint

pl. ‫ﻋَﻘﺪ‬ ُ

pl. ‫ﺰ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﺠﺎﺋ‬

‫ق‬ َ ‫( َﻋِﺮ‬a)

‫ﻈﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﻋ‬ ُ ‫أْﻋ‬, ‫ِﻋﻈﺎم‬ pl. ‫ﻈﻢ‬

to sweat

‫ُﻋْﻘﻢ‬

infertility

THE HUMAN BODY

33

‫َﻋِﻘﻴﻢ‬

infertile

‫ﺳﻨﺎن‬ ْ ‫ُﻓْﺮﺷﺔ اﻷ‬

toothbrush

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﻋُﻤﻮد َﻓْﻘِﺮ‬

spine, spinal column

َّ ‫ُﻓْﺮﺷﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸْﻌﺮ‬

hairbrush

َّ ‫ُﻋْﻨُﻔﻮان اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸﺒﺎب‬

the prime of youth

‫َﻓْﺮق‬

parting (hair)

see ‫رﻗﺒﺔ‬

‫َﻓْﺮوة اﻟ َّﺮْأس‬

scalp

‫َﻋْﻮرة‬

pudendum

‫ﺺ‬ ّ ‫َﻓ‬ ُ ‫ُﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﺼﻮص‬

‫َﻋَّﻮَل‬

to wail, howl

ِ ‫َﻓ‬ ‫ﺼﻴﻠﺔ َدَﻣِﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

blood group

‫َﻋِﻮﻳﻞ‬

wailing

‫َﻓﻘﺎرة‬

vertebra

eye

‫َﻓّﻚ‬

jaw

‫ُﻋُﻨﻖ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻨﺎق‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫َﻋْﻴﻦ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻴﻮن‬ ُ ‫ُﻏ َّﺪة‬ pl. ‫ﺪد‬ َ ‫ُﻏ‬

lobe

pl. ‫ُﻓﻜﻮك‬ gland

‫َﻓﻢ‬

mouth

pl. ‫أْﻓﻮاه‬

‫ﺤْﻠﻮة‬ ُ ‫اﻟُﻐَّﺪة اﻟ‬

pancreas

(‫( ﻗﺎم )َﻳﻘُﻮُم‬u)

to stand up

‫اﻟُﻐَﺪة اﻟَّﺪَرِﻗ َّﻴﺔ‬

see ‫درق‬

‫ﻗﺎﻣﺔ‬

build, stature

‫َﻏْﺮَﻏَﺮ‬

to gargle

‫َﻗﺒﺎﺣﺔ‬

ugliness

prepuce, foreskin

‫َﻗْﺒﻀﺔ اﻟَﻴﺪ‬

fist

‫ﺴَﻞ‬ َ ‫( َﻏ‬i)

to wash

‫َﻗِﺒﻴﺢ‬ ugly pl. ‫ِﻗﺒﺎح‬, ‫ﺣﻰ‬ ِ ‫ِﻗﺒﺎ‬, ‫ﺤﻰ‬ َ ‫َﻗْﺒ‬

‫َﻏﺸﺎء اﻟَﺒﻜﺎر‬

hymen

‫( َﻏﻔﺎء‬u)

to take a nap, doze off

‫َﻏْﻔﻮة‬

nap

‫َﻏّﻤﺎرة‬

dimple (cheek)

‫َﻓْﺘﺤﺔ اَﻷْﻧﻒ‬

nostril

‫ُﻏْﺮﻟﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺮل‬ َ ‫ُﻏ‬

‫ﺨﺪ‬ ْ ‫َﻓ‬ pl. ‫أْﻓﺨﺎد‬ ‫َﻓْﺮج‬ pl. ‫ُﻓﺮوج‬

thigh

vagina

‫ش‬ َ ‫َﻓَّﺮ‬

to brush

‫ُﻓْﺮﺷﺔ‬

brush

pl. ‫ﺮش‬ َ ‫ُﻓ‬

‫َﻗَﺪم‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﺪام‬

foot

(‫( َﻗَﺬفَ )اﻟِﻤَﻨﻰ‬i)

to ejaculate

‫ﻗَْﺬف اﻟِﻤَﻨﻰ‬

ejaculation

‫ﺣَﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ُﻗَﺰ‬

iris

‫ﺸﺮة‬ ْ ‫ِﻗ‬

dandruff

‫ﺼﺒﺔ اﻟِّﺮﺋﺔ‬ َ َ‫ﻗ‬

windpipe, trachea

‫ﺼﺒﺔ اﻟَﻤِّﺮئ‬ َ ‫َﻗ‬

gullet

‫ﺟِﺒﻴَﻨﻪ‬ َ ‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫( َﻗ‬i)

to frown

‫َﻗﻔﺎء‬

nape

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺻْﺪِر‬ َ ‫َﻗَﻔﺺ‬

thorax

pl. ‫رّﻳﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺻْﺪ‬ َ ‫أْﻗﻔﺎص‬

34

‫َﻗْﻠﺐ‬ pl. ‫ُﻗﻠﻮب‬ ‫َﻗْﻬَﻘَﻪ‬ ‫َﻗْﻮس‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﻮاس‬ ‫ﺣﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﻛﺎ‬ ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫َﻛﻮا‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎ ُّﻟﻮ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﺎﻟﻮﻫﺎت‬ ‫ﻛﺎِﻫﻞ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﻛﻮاِﻫ‬ ‫ِﻛْﺒﺪ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﺒﻮد‬ ُ

THE HUMAN BODY heart

‫ﺤﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِﻟ‬

beard

ً ‫ُﻟﺤ‬ pl. ‫ﻰ‬ to guffaw arch (foot)

‫ِﻟﺴﺎن‬

tongue

ِ ‫أْﻟ‬, ‫ﺴﻦ‬ ُ ‫أْﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ِﻟﺴﺎن اﻟِﻤْﺰﻣﺎر‬

epiglottis

‫ُﻟﻌﺎب‬

drool, dribble

‫َﻟﻘﺎح‬

sperm

‫َﻟَّﻘَﺢ‬

to impregnate

upper part of the back

‫َﻟْﻤﺲ‬

touch

‫َﻟﻬﺎة‬

uvula

liver

َ ‫َﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﻬﻮات‬

ankle

corn (toes)

‫َﻟْﻮَزﺗﺎن‬

tonsils

‫( َﻛَﺒَﺮ‬u)

to grow up

‫َﻟ َّﻮَن‬

to dye (hair)

‫َﻛِﺘﻒ‬

shoulder

‫َﻣْﺄﻗﺔ‬

sob

‫ﻣﺎ َوَراء اﻟَﻮْﻋﻰ‬

the subconscious

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﺘﺎف‬ ‫اﻟُﻜَﺮَﻳﺎت اﻟَﺒْﻴﻀﺎء‬

the white corpuscles

‫ﺤْﻤﺮاء‬ َ ‫اﻟُﻜَﺮَﻳﺎت اﻟ‬

the red corpuscles

‫ﺸﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻛ‬

lock of hair

‫َﻛْﻌﺐ‬ ُ , ‫َﻛﻌﺎب‬ pl. ‫ﻛﻌﻮب‬ ‫ﻒ‬ ّ ‫َﻛ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﻔﻮف‬ َ ‫ﺠﺰ‬ ْ ‫َﻋ‬ pl. ‫ز‬ ُ ‫أْﻋﺠﺎ‬ ‫ِﻛْﺮش‬ pl. ‫ﻛﺮاش‬ ْ ‫َأ‬ ‫ُﻛْﻠﻴﺔ‬ ً ‫ُﻛﻠ‬, ‫ُﻛْﻠَﻴﺘﺎن‬ pl. ‫ﻰ‬

heel

‫ِﻣْﺒَﺮد اَﻷﻇﺎِﻓﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻣَﺒِﺮ‬ pl. -‫د‬

nail file

‫َﻣِﺒﻴﺾ‬

ovary

‫ُﻣّﺦ‬

brain

pl. ‫ﻣﺨﺎخ‬ ِ , ‫ﺨﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺨ‬ َ ‫ِﻣ‬ see ‫راﺣﺔ‬

‫ُﻣﺨﺎظ‬

nasal mucus, snot

‫ُﻣَﺪ َّﻟﻚ‬

masseur

2. buttocks

‫ُﻣْﺮَﺗِﻔﻊ‬

loud (voice)

paunch

‫ِﻣْﺮَﻓﻖ‬

elbow

1. backside

ُ ‫َﻣﺮاِﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬ kidney

‫ِﻟﺜﺔ‬

gums

‫ﺤﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﻟ‬

flesh

‫َﻣﺮيء‬

gullet

‫ُﻣَﺰِّﻳﻦ‬

hairdresser (women)

‫َﻣﺴﺎّم‬

pore

pl. ‫ات‬-

THE HUMAN BODY

35

‫ﺴَﺢ‬ َ ‫( َﻣ‬i)

to wipe, rub off

‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫( َﻧَﺒ‬u)

to grow (e.g. teeth)

(‫ﺷْﻌﺮه‬ َ ) َ‫ﺸﻂ‬ َ ‫( َﻣ‬u, i)

to comb (one’s hair)

‫ﺾ‬ َ ‫( َﻧَﺒ‬i)

to throb, to beat (heart, pulse)

‫ﺸﻂ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ِﻣﺸﺎط‬ pl. ‫ﻣﺸﺎط‬ ‫ﺟﻞ‬ ْ ‫ﺸﻂ اﻟِّﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﻤﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺸﻴﻢ‬ ِ ‫َﻣ‬, ‫َﻣﺸﺎﻳُﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺎن‬ ْ ‫ﺟﻮن اﻷ‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻌ‬ ‫ِﻣْﻌﺪة‬ pl. ‫ﻌﺪ‬ َ ‫ِﻣ‬ ‫ﺼﻢ‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻌ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫ِﻣﻌ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻌﺎء‬ ْ ‫أ‬

comb

instep

to grow thin see ‫ﻧﺎﺣﻞ‬

see ‫ﻧﺎﺣﻞ‬

stomach

‫ﺤﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫َﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﺤَﻠﻰ‬ ْ ‫َﻧ‬, ‫ﺤﻞ‬ َ ‫ُﻧ‬

wrist

‫ُﻧﺨﺎع‬ pl. ‫ﺨﻊ‬ ُ ‫ُﻧ‬

toothpaste

bowels

the small intestine

‫اﻟِﻤَﻌﻰ اﻷْﻋَﻮر‬

caecum, blind gut

‫اﻟِﻤَﻌﻰ اﻟَﻐِﻠﻴﻆ‬

the large intestine

‫ُﻣْﻘﻠﺔ اﻟَﻌْﻴﻦ‬ pl. ‫ﻣَﻘﻞ‬ ُ

‫ﺤَﻞ‬ َ ‫( َﻧ‬u, a)

pulse

‫ﺤﻴﻒ‬ ِ ‫َﻧ‬ pl. ‫ِﻧﺤﺎف‬, ‫ﺤﻔﺎء‬ َ ‫ُﻧ‬

placenta

‫اﻟِﻤَﻌﻰ اﻟ َّﺪِﻗﻴﻖ‬

‫ﺼﻞ‬ ِ ‫َﻣْﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻔﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

‫َﻧْﺒﺾ‬ pl. ‫أْﻧﺒﺎض‬

joint

bone marrow

‫ﺸَﺞ‬ َ ‫( َﻧ‬i)

to sob

‫َﻧْﻌﺴﺎن‬

sleepy

‫ﺾ‬ َ ‫( َﻧَﻬ‬a)

to get up (from bed)

‫َﻧْﻬَﻨَﻪ‬

see ‫ﻧﺸﺞ‬

‫َﻧْﻮم‬

sleep

‫ﻧﻮﻧﺔ‬

chin dimple

‫( ُﻫُﺪب‬coll.)

eyelashes

pl. ‫ﻫﺪاب‬ ْ ‫أ‬ eyeball

‫َﻫﺰَّ رأﺳﻪ‬

to shake one’s head

having a paunch

‫( َﻫَﺰَل‬i)

to be(come) emaciated

infant

‫ﻀﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﻫ‬

digestion

‫ﻀَﻢ‬ َ ‫( َﻫ‬i)

to digest (food)

canine tooth ‫ﻧﺎب‬ ُ ‫أﻧﺎِﻳﻴ‬ pl. ‫أْﻧﻴﺎب‬, ‫ُﻧُﻴﻮب‬, ‫ﺐ‬

َ ‫( َﻫَﻤ‬i) ‫ﺲ‬

1. to whisper

‫ﺣﻞ‬ ِ ‫َﻧﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺤَﻠﻰ‬ ْ ‫َﻧ‬, ‫ﺤﻞ‬ َ ‫ُﻧ‬

‫َﻫْﻤﺲ‬

whisper

‫َﻫْﻴﺌﺔ‬

appearance, shape

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻈِﻤ‬ ْ ‫َﻫْﻴَﻜﻞ َﻋ‬

skeleton

‫واﻃﻰء‬

soft (voice)

‫ُﻣْﻜِﺮش‬ ‫َﻣْﻮُﻟﻮد‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻮاِﻟﻴ‬

‫ﺻﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻧﺎ‬ ٍ ‫َﻧﻮا‬ pl. ‫ص‬ ‫( ﻧﺎَم‬a)

slim, thin

forelock

to sleep

2. to mumble, mutter

36

‫َوِﺗﻴﻦ‬ ُ , ‫أْوَﺗﻨﺔ‬ pl. ‫وُﺗﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺪان‬ ْ ‫ِو‬ ‫ﺟﻪ‬ ْ ‫َو‬ ُ pl. ‫وﺟﻮه‬

DISEASES AND HEALTH CARE aorta

emotional life face

‫ﺳﻴﻢ‬ ِ ‫َو‬

handsome

َ ‫ﺷَﻮ‬ ‫ش‬ ْ ‫َو‬

see ‫ﺲ‬ َ ‫( ﻫﻤ‬1)

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ِوﻋﺎء َدَﻣﻮ‬

blood vessel

pl.‫ﻋﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫َدَﻣِﻮ َّﻳﺔ أْو‬

‫ِوﻻدة‬

birth

‫ﺠﻠﺔ‬ َّ ‫ِوﻻدة ُﻣَﻌ‬

premature birth

vein

‫َوِﻟﻴﺪ‬

newborn baby

(‫ﺳُﺦ‬ َ ‫ﺳﺦَ )َﻳْﻮ‬ َ ‫َو‬

‫ﻳﺎﻓﻮخ‬

crown (head)

to be(come) dirty

pl. ‫َﻳﻮاﻓﻴﺦ‬

‫ﺳﺦ‬ ِ ‫َو‬

dirty

‫َﻳﺪ‬

‫ﻄﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ُو‬

middle finger

‫َوْرك‬ ْ‫أ‬ pl. ‫وراك‬ ‫َوِرﻳﺪ‬ ِ ‫أْو‬ pl. ‫ردة‬

hip

hand

ِ ‫أْﻳ‬, ‫أﻳﺎِد‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬

Diseases and health care ‫أَﺑّﺢ‬

hoarse

‫ﺶ‬ َ ‫ِاْرَﺗَﻌ‬

to shiver, tremble

‫ﺣﺒﺎط‬ ْ ‫إ‬

see ‫اﻛﺘﺌﺎب‬

َ ‫ِاْرِﺗﻔﺎع‬ ‫ﺿْﻐﻂ اﻟَّﺪم‬

hypertension

‫ﺣِﺘﻘﺎن‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

congestion

‫أَرق‬

insomnia, sleeplessness

‫ِاﺣﺘﻘﺎن اﻟ َّﺪم‬

vascular congestion

‫إْرﻫﺎق‬

stress, fatigue

ْ ‫ِا‬ ‫ب‬ ِ َّ‫ﺧَﺘﺺ‬

to specialize in

‫ﺣﻢ‬ ِ ‫إزاﻟﺔ اﻟ َّﺮ‬

hysterectomy

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫ﺧِﺘﺼﺎ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

specialist

‫ﺳﺘﺌﺼﺎل‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

‫ﺠﻬﺎز‬ ِ ‫ﺻﻲّ اﻟ‬ ِ ‫ِاﺧْﺘﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻀِﻤ‬ ْ ‫اﻟَﻬ‬

gastroenterologist (doctor)

‫ﺻَﻞ‬ َ ‫ﺳﺘﺄ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

removal (of an organ) by surgery to remove (an organ) by surgery

‫ﺧَﺮس‬ ْ ‫أ‬

dumb

َ ‫ﺳَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ ‫ﺤَّﻢ‬

to take a bath

ِ ‫ﺨﻴ‬ ِ ‫ﺸ‬ ْ ‫أداة َﺗ‬ ‫ﺼ َّﻴﺔ‬

diagnostic tool

‫ﺤﻤﺎم‬ ْ ‫ﺳِﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

bathing

‫ﺨِّﺪرات‬ َ ‫إْدﻣﺎن اﻟُﻤ‬

drug addiction

َ ‫ﺳِﺘﺮا‬ ‫ح‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to take a rest

‫أْدَﻣَﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to be addicted to

‫ﺨَﺮجَ اﻟَﻮْﻋﻰ‬ ْ ‫ﺳَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to regain consciousness

‫ِاْرِﺗﺠﺎج اﻟُﻤّﺦ‬

concussion

‫ﺴﻘﺎء‬ ْ ‫ﺳِﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

dropsy

DISEASES AND HEALTH CARE

37

‫ﺳِﺘﻌﺎدة‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

recuperation

‫ُأْﻏِﻤﻲَ َﻋَﻠْﻴِﻪ‬

to faint, lose consciousness

‫ﺳِﺘْﻨﺴﺎخ اﻟﻜﺎﺋﻨﺎت‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

cloning

‫أْﻗَﻠَﻊ‬

to extract, pull out

‫ﺳﻌﺎف‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

medical assistance

‫ِاْﻛِﺘﺌﺎب‬

depression

ْ ‫اﻹ‬ /‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳﻌﺎف اﻷَّوِﻟ‬ ‫ي‬ ّ ‫اﻟَﻔْﻮِر‬

‫إْﻛِﺰﻳﻤﺎ‬

eczema

First Aid

‫ﺳَﻔْﻨﺞ‬ ْ ‫إ‬

‫آﻻم اﻟِﻤْﻌﺪة‬

stomach ache

sponge

‫ﺳﻬﺎل‬ ْ ‫إ‬

‫ِاْﻟِﺘﻬﺎب‬

inflammation

diarrhoea

ِ ‫َأ‬ ‫ق‬ َ ‫ﺷ َّﻌﺔ َﻓْﻮ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫اﻟَﺒَﻨْﻔ‬ ‫ﺠَّﻴﺔ‬

ultraviolet rays

‫ﺷّﻞ‬ َ ‫أ‬

paralysed, paralytic (adj.)

َ ; pl. ‫ﺷّﻠﻮء‬ f. ‫ﻼء‬ ُ َّ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫إﺻﺎﺑﺔ‬

injury

‫ب‬ ِ ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫ﺻﻴ‬ ِ ‫( ُأ‬pass.)

to be afflicted by (a disease)

‫ﺻَﻠﻊ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

bald

َ ; pl. ‫ﺻُﻠﻊ‬ ُ f. ‫ﺻْﻠﻌﺎء‬ ‫ﻃَﺮش‬ ْ ‫أ‬

deaf

f. ‫ﺮﺷﺎء‬ ْ‫ﻃ‬ َ ; pl. ‫ﻃُﺮش‬ ُ

‫ﺠُﻴﻮب‬ ُ ‫ِاﻟﺘﻬﺎب اﻟ‬ ‫اﻷﻧِﻔَّﻴﺔ‬

sinusitis

‫ﺤَﻠﻖ‬ َ ‫ِاﻟﺘﻬﺎب اﻟ‬

throat infection

‫ﺠﺮة‬ َ ‫ﺤْﻨ‬ َ ‫ِاﻟﺘﻬﺎب اﻟ‬

laryngitis

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ِاﻟﺘﻬﺎب ِرﺋِﻮ‬

lung infection

‫ِاﻟﺘﻬﺎب اﻟ َّﺰاﺋﺪة‬ ‫اﻟُّﺪوِدَّﻳﺔ‬

appendicitis

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺴﺤﺎﺋ‬ ِّ ‫ِاﻟﺘﻬﺎب اﻟ‬

meningitis

ُّ ‫ِاﻟﺘﻬﺎب اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸَﻌﺐ‬

bronchitis

‫ِاﻟﺘﻬﺎب ِﻋْﺮق اﻟ َّﻨﺴﺎ‬

sciatica

mumps

‫إﻋﺎدة اﻟَّﺘﺄِﻫﻴﻞ‬

rehabilitation

‫ِاﻟﺘﻬﺎب اﻟُﻐ َّﺪة‬ ‫اﻟَّﻨﻜﺎِﻓَّﻴﺔ‬

‫أْﻋَﺮج‬

lame

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ِاﻟﺘﻬﺎب ِﻛْﺒِﺪ‬

hepatitis

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ِاﻟﺘﻬﺎب ُﻛَﻠِﻮ‬

nephritis

‫ِاﻟﺘﻬﺎب اﻟِﻠﺜﺔ‬

gingivitis

‫ﺻﻞ‬ ِ ‫ِاﻟﺘﻬﺎب اﻟَﻤﻔﺎ‬

arthritis

‫ِاﻟﺘﻬﺎب اﻟَﻠْﻮَزَﺗْﻴﻦ‬

tonsilitis

f. ‫ﻤﻴﺎء‬ ْ ‫ ;َﻋ‬pl. ‫ُﻋْﻤﻰ‬, ‫ُﻋْﻤﻴﺎن‬

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ِاﻟﺘﻬﺎب ِﻣَﻌِﻮ‬

gastritis

‫أْﻋَﻮر‬

‫ِاْﻟَﺘَﻮى‬

to twist (e.g. ankle)

‫ِاﻟِﺘﻮاء‬

sprain

f. ‫ﺮﺟﺎء‬ ْ ‫ ;َﻋ‬pl. ‫ُﻋُﺮج‬

‫أْﻋﺸﺎء‬

night-blind

f. ‫ﺸﻮاء‬ ْ ‫َﻋ‬

‫أْﻋَﻤﻰ‬

blind

one-eyed

ْ ‫ ;َﻋ‬pl. ‫ُﻋﻮر‬ f. ‫ﻮراء‬ ‫إْﻋﻴﺎء‬

exhaustion, fatigue

‫( أِﻟَﻢ‬a)

to be in pain

‫إْﻏﻤﺎء‬

unconsciousness

‫أَﻟﻢ‬

pain, ache

pl. ‫آﻻم‬

38

DISEASES AND HEALTH CARE

‫ﺳﻨﺎن‬ ْ ‫أَﻟﻢ اﻷ‬

toothache

‫َﺑْﻨﺞ‬

chloroform

‫ﺤْﻴﺾ‬ َ ‫أَﻟﻢ اﻟ‬

menstrual pain

‫َﺑ َّﻨَﺞ‬

to chloroform

‫ﻀﻼت‬ َ ‫أَﻟﻢ اﻟَﻌ‬

muscle ache

‫ﺳﻴُﺮ‬ ِ ‫َﺑﻮا‬

haemorrhoids

‫إْﻣﺴﺎك‬

constipation

‫ُﺑﻮدرة‬

powder

‫ﻄَﺢ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧﺒ‬

to be prostrated

‫ﺳﻴﺎ‬ ِ ‫ِﺑﻴﻠﻬﺎْر‬

schistosomiasis, bilharziasis

‫ُأْﻧُﺒﻮﺑﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫أﻧﺎِﺑﻴ‬

tube (e.g. toothpaste)

‫ﺗﺎج‬ pl. ‫ِﺗﻴﺠﺎن‬

crown (teeth)

‫ﺤَﺮ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧَﺘ‬

to commit suicide

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺤ‬ ِّ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫ﺗﺄِﻣﻴﻦ‬

health insurance

‫ﺶ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧَﺘَﻌ‬

to recover (from illness)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﺗَﺒُّﻠﻞ َﻟْﻴِﻠ‬

bedwetting

‫اْﻧِﺘﻜﺎس‬

relapse

‫َﺗَﺘﻨﻮس‬

tetanus

‫ﺲ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧَﺘَﻜ‬

to suffer a relapse

‫ﺠِﻮﻳﻒ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

cavity (tooth)

‫ﻀﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺴﺪاد َﻋ‬ ِ ‫ِاْﻧ‬ ‫اﻟَﻘْﻠﺐ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃِّﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﺤﺖَ إﺷﺮاف‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

under doctor’s supervision

infarctus

‫ﺤِﻠﻴﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

analysis

‫ِاﻧﻌﺎش‬

resuscitation

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ِاْﻧِﻔﺼﺎم‬

schizophrenia

‫ﺤِﻠﻴﻞ اﻟُﺒﻮل‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

urine analysis

‫ِاْﻧِﻘﺒﺎض‬

contraction

ْ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺤِﻠﻴﻞ اﻟَّﺪم‬

blood analysis

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺼِﺒ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧِﻬﻴﺎر َﻋ‬

nervous breakdown

‫ﺟَﻊ‬ َ ‫أْو‬

to cause pain

‫ﺤِﻤﻴﻠﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬ ُ ‫َﺗﺤﺎِﻣﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

‫أورﻃﻰ‬

aorta

‫ﺨِﺪﻳﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

anaesthesia

‫( َﺑَﺘَﺮ‬u)

to amputate

‫ﺨَﻢ‬ ِ ‫( َﺗ‬a)

to suffer from indigestion

‫َﺑْﺘﺮ‬

amputation

‫ﺨﻤﺔ‬ ْ ‫ُﺗ‬

indigestion

pimple

‫َﺗَﺪ ُّرن‬

see ‫ﻞ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬

‫ﺗﺮاﺧﻮﻣﺎ‬

trachoma

‫َﺑْﺜﺮة‬ pl. ‫ُﺑُﺜﻮر‬

suppository

‫َﺑﱠﺢ‬

to be hoarse

‫ﺳﻨﺎن‬ ْ ‫ِﺗْﺮِﻛﻴﺒﺎت أ‬

braces (teeth)

َّ ‫ُﺑ‬ ‫ﺤﺔ‬

hoarseness

‫ِﺗْﺮﻳﺎق‬

antidote

َّ ‫َﺑ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺧﺔ‬

spray

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺴ ُّﻤﻊ‬

auscultation

‫َﺑَﺮداء‬

feverish chill

ُّ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺴَﻤﻢ ُﺑﻮِﻟ‬

uraemia

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﺑْﻜِﺘﻴِﺮ‬

bacterial

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺴ ُّﻤﻢ َدَﻣِﻮ‬

blood poisoning

‫َﺑْﻜِﺘﻴِﺮﻳﺎ‬

bacteria

ُّ ‫ﺴ ُّﻤﻢ اﻟ‬ َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﻄﻌﺎم‬

food poisoning

DISEASES AND HEALTH CARE

39

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺴ ُّﻮس‬

dental caries

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟَﺪِر‬ ُ

smallpox

‫ﺨﻴﺺ‬ ِ ‫ﺸ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

diagnosis

‫ﺟَﺪِريّ اﻟﻤﺎء‬ َ

chickenpox

ُ ‫ﺸِﺮﻳﺢ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺟ َّﺜﺔ‬

autopsy

‫ﺟﺬام‬ ُ

leprosy

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺸَّﻨَﺞ‬

1. to have convulsions

َ ‫ﺟ َّﺮاح‬

surgeon

2. to twitch

‫ﺟﺮاﺣﺔ‬ ِ

surgery

ِ ‫ﺠِﻤﻴﻞ‬ ْ ‫ﺟﺮاﺣﺔ اﻟ َّﺘ‬

cosmetic surgery

‫ﺟَﺮب‬ َ

scabies

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺸ ُّﻨﺞ‬

convulsion, spasm

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫ﺸ ُّﻨ‬

spasmodic, convulsive

‫ﺸِﻮﻳﻪ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

deformity, mutilation

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺸﺮاِﻳﻴﻦ‬ َّ ‫ﺼُّﻠﺐ اﻟ‬

arteriosclerosis

‫ﺨَﻢ‬ َ ‫َﺗ‬ َّ ‫ﻀ‬

to swell, distend

‫ﻄِﻌﻴﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

inoculation, vaccination

‫ﺟَﺮح‬ َ

‫َﺗﻌﺎَﻟَﺞ‬

to undergo medical treatment

pl. ‫ﺮوح‬ ُ ُ‫ﺟ‬

‫َﺗْﻌﺒﺎن‬

tired

‫َﺗَﻌ َّﺮضّ ِل‬

to be exposed to

‫َﺗَﻘ ُّﻠﺺ‬

cramp

‫ﺴﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﺗْﻘِﻠﻴﻞ اﻟ َّﻨ‬

birth control

‫َﺗَﻘ َّﻴﺄ‬

to vomit

‫َﺗْﻠِﻘﻴﺢ‬

vaccination

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻِﻠ‬ َ ‫ﺤْﻮ‬ َ ‫اﻟَّﺘَﻠُّﻴﻒ اﻟ‬

cystic fibrosis

‫َﺗَﻤ ُّﺰق‬

laceration, tear

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻﻨﺎِﻋ‬ ِ ‫َﺗَﻨﱡﻔﺲ‬

َّ ‫ﺣﺐّ اﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺸﺒﺎب‬

artificial respiration

‫َﺗَﻬ ُّﻴﺞ‬

irritation

َ ‫ﺣ َّﺒﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺣُﺒﻮب‬ ُ

‫ﺣﺪ‬ ‫َﺗَﻮ ﱡ‬

autism

ُ ‫ﺣْﺒﻞ‬ َ ‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺳ َّﺮ‬

‫ﻲ‬ َ ‫ُﺗُﻮ َّﻓ‬

see ‫ﻣﺎت‬

َّ ‫ﺠﺮة اﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ ُ ‫ﻄﻮاِرئ‬

‫ِﺗﻴﺘﺎُﻧﻮس‬

tetanus

‫ِﺗﻴُﻔﻮس‬

typhus

ْ ‫ﺣ‬ ُ ‫ﺠﺮة اﻟَﻌَﻤِﻠ َّﻴﺎت‬

operating theatre

َ ‫ﺟ َّﺒَﺮ‬

to set (broken bones)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺤ‬ ِ ‫ﺤ‬ ِّ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫ﺠﺰ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

quarantine

‫ﺟِﺒﻴﺮة‬ َ

splint

‫ﺣَﺪﻗﺔ‬ َ

pupil

‫ﺣﺮارة‬ َ

burning (of the skin)

َ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﺟﺒﺎﺋ‬

‫ﺟْﺮُﺛﻮم‬ َ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫ﺟﺮاِﺛﻴ‬ َ

1. microbe 2. bacillus 3. bacteria

‫ﺟْﺮﻋﺔ‬ ُ َ‫ﺟ‬ ُ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺮع‬

wound

dose, potion

‫ﺴﻢ ُﻣﻀﺎد‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ

antibody

‫ﺟْﻠﻄﺔ‬ ُ

clot

ُ ‫ﺟْﻠﻄﺔ َدَﻣِﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

blood clot

‫ﺟﻬﺎز اﻟَﻤﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬ ِ

immune system

‫ﺣﺎِدث‬ pl. ‫دث‬ ِ ‫ﺣﻮا‬ َ

accident

acne pill

umbilical cord Accidents and Emergency Room

40

‫ﺣْﺮق‬ َ pl. ‫ﺮوق‬ ُ ُ‫ﺣ‬

DISEASES AND HEALTH CARE burn

َّ ‫ﺤﱠﻤﻰ اﻟ‬ ُ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺼْﻔﺮاء‬

yellow fever

ُ ‫ﺣﱠﻤﻰ َﻣِﻌِﺪ َّﻳﺔ‬

gastric fever

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ﺴﺎ‬ ّ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

allergic

typhoid fever

ِ ‫ﺴﺎ‬ ّ ‫ﺣ‬ (‫ﺳَّﻴﺔ )ِل‬

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺣﱠﻤﻰ ِﻣَﻌِﻮ‬ ُ

allergy (to)

benign (e.g. tumour)

‫ﺼﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺴﺮ اﻟَﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

‫ﺣِﻤﻴﺪ‬ َ

short-sightedness

cyst

‫ﺴﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

‫ﺣَﻮْﻳﺼﻠﺔ‬ ُ

short-sighted

‫ﺣﺸﺎ‬ َ (u)

to fill (e.g. teeth)

‫ﺧِﺒﻴﺚ‬ َ malignant (disease, tumour) ُ , ‫ﺧَﺒﺜﺎء‬ ُ , ‫ﺧﺒﺎث‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺧُﺒﺚ‬

‫ﺸﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

filling (teeth)

َ ‫ﺧَﺪ‬ ‫ش‬ َ (i)

to scratch

‫ﺣﺼﺎة‬ َ

calculus

‫ﺧﺮاج‬ ُ (coll.)

abscess

‫ﺣﺼﺎة ُﺑﻮِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

bladder stone

‫ﺧَﺮاﻗﺔ‬ ِ

blister

َ ‫ﺣﺼﺎة‬ َ ‫ﺻْﻔﺮاِو َّﻳﺔ‬

gallstone

‫ﺧَﺮف‬ َ

senility

‫ﺼﺒﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

measles

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺧْﻠِﻘ‬ ِ

congenital

1. to depilate

‫ﺧِﻠﻴﺔ‬ َ َ pl. ‫ﺧﻼﻳﺎ‬

َّ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ف‬ َ (i)

2. to trim (beard)

‫ﺣﻔﺎض‬ ِ pl. ‫ات‬-

nappy

cell

‫ﺧْﻮف ﻣﻦ اﻷﻣﺎِﻛﻦ‬ َ ‫اﻟُﻤْﻐَﻠﻘﺔ‬

claustrophobia

‫ﺤْﻴﺾ‬ َ ‫ﺣﻔﺎض اﻟ‬ ِ

sanitary towel

‫ﺳﻨﺎن‬ ْ ‫ﺧْﻴﻂ اﻷ‬ َ

dental floss

‫ﺣَﻘَﻦ‬ َ (i, u)

to give someone an injection

‫داء‬

see ‫ﻣﺮض‬

‫ﺣْﻘﻦ‬ َ

injection

‫داء اﻟَﻜْﻠﺐ‬

rabies

‫ﺣﻘﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟَﻮِرﻳﺪ‬

intravenous injection

‫داﺋﺦ‬

dizzy

enema

‫دار اﻟَّﻨﻘﺎﻫﺔ‬

convalescent home

َ (u) ‫ﺣ َّﻚ‬

to itch

ِ ‫ﺣ َّﻜﺔ‬

‫ﺟﺎل‬ َّ ‫د‬ ِ ‫َدﺟﺎ‬ pl. ‫ون‬-, ‫ﺟﻠُﺔ‬

itch

heartbeat

َ ‫ﺣَّﻠَﻞ‬

‫َد َّﻗﺔ اﻟَﻘْﻠﺐ‬

to analyse

‫َدِﻗﻴﻖ اﻟَﻠﻮاِﻗﺢ‬

pollen

‫ﺣُﻤﻮﺿﺔ اﻟِﻤْﻌﺪة‬ ُ

heartburn

blood

‫ﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺣِﻤ‬ َ (a)

‫َدم‬

to be feverish

pl. ‫دﻣﺎء‬ ِ

fever

‫( َدَﻣَﻞ‬u)

to scar

scarlet fever

‫ُدْﻣﻞ‬

1. abscess

hay fever

ُ ‫َدﻣﺎِﻣ‬, ‫َدﻣﺎِﻣﻴُﻞ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

2. boil

‫ﺟّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺷْﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺣْﻘﻨﺔ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺣَﻘﻦ‬ ُ

‫ﺣﱠﻤﻰ‬ ُ َ‫ﺣﱠﻤﻰ َﻗﺮَﻣِﺰّﻳﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﺶ‬ ّ ‫ﺣﱠﻤﻰ اﻟَﻘ‬ ُ

quack

DISEASES AND HEALTH CARE

41

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َدَﻣِﻮ‬

bloody

‫َرْوَﺑﺼﺔ‬

sleepwalking

‫ﻰ‬ َ ‫( َدِﻣ‬a)

to bleed

‫ُروﻣﺎِﺗﺰم‬

rheumatism

‫َد َّﻣﻰ‬

to cause to bleed

‫ﻀﻮ‬ ْ ‫َزْرع َﻋ‬

transplant

‫ِدﻫﺎﻧﺔ‬

unguent, cold cream

‫ُزﻛﺎم‬

cold

‫َدِﻫﻴﻨﺔ‬

pomade

‫( ُزِﻛَﻢ‬pass.)

to catch a cold

drug, medicine

‫ُزﻻِﻟﻴﺎت‬

proteins

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ُزَﻫِﺮ‬

syphilis

‫َدواء‬ ِ ‫أْد‬ pl. ‫وﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َدواﺋ‬

medicinal

‫ﺧﺮوع‬ ُ ‫َزْﻳﺖ‬

castor oil

‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُدوار اﻟَﺒ‬

seasickness

‫ﺳَﻤﻚ‬ َ ‫َزْﻳﺖ‬

cod-liver oil

‫ﺠّﻮ‬ َ ‫ُدوار اﻟ‬

air sickness

‫ﺳﺎﻋﺎت اﻟِﻌﻴﺎدة‬

consultation hours (doctor)

َّ ‫ُدوار اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴْﻔﺮ‬

travel sickness

‫ﺳﺒﺎت‬ ُ

lethargy

‫َدْوﺧﺔ‬

vertigo

‫ﺳﻨﺘﺎِرﻳﺎ‬ ِ ‫ُدو‬

dysentery

‫ﺳﺠﺎرة‬ ِ َ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﺠﺎﺋ‬

َ ‫ِذْﺑﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺻْﺪِر َّﻳﺔ‬

angina pectoris

‫ﺤَﺞ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ (a)

to graze (the skin)

‫ِرﺑﺎط‬

dressing (wound)

‫ﺤﺞ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ َ

abrasion

‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫( َرَﺑ‬i, u)

to dress (a wound)

ُ ِ ‫ﺳَّﺪة‬ ‫ﺷْﺮﻳﺎِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬

embolism

‫َرْﺑﻮ‬

asthma

‫ﺳَﺮﻃﺎن‬ َ

cancer

‫ﺳﻌﺎف‬ ْ ‫ِرﺟﺎل اﻹ‬

ambulance men

‫ﺳﻌﺎل‬ ُ

cough

‫ض‬ ّ ‫َر‬

to bruise

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳﻌﺎل ِدﻳِﻜ‬ ُ

whooping cough

bruise

‫ﺳَﻌَﻞ‬ َ (u)

to cough

‫ﺳْﻘﻄﺔ‬ َ

fall

‫ض‬ ّ ‫( َر‬u) pl. ‫ﺿﻮض‬ ُ ‫ُر‬

cigarette

‫ِرﺿﺎﻋﺔ‬

nursing bottle

َ ‫ﺳ َّﻜﺎﺗﺔ‬

dummy, pacifier

‫ﺿﻴﺾ‬ ِ ‫َر‬

bruised

َ ‫ﺳْﻜﺘﺔ ِدﻣﺎِﻏ َّﻴﺔ‬

skull fracture

‫ُرﻋﺎف‬

nosebleed

َ ‫ﺳْﻜﺘﺔ َﻗْﻠِﺒ َّﻴﺔ‬

heart attack

‫َرْﻋﺸﺔ‬

shiver

َ ‫ﺳ َّﻜَﻦ‬

to soothe (pain)

‫ﺤﱠﻤﻰ‬ ُ ‫رﻋﺸﺔ اﻟ‬

feverish shiver

‫ﺳّﻞ‬ ُ

tuberculosis

‫( َرَﻋﻒَ أْﻧُﻔُﻪ‬u, a)

to have a nosebleed

‫ﺳﻠﻴﻢ اﻟُﺒْﻨﻴﺔ‬

of sound health

ِ ‫ﺟْﻨ‬ ِ ‫َرْﻏﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺴ َّﻴﺔ‬

libido

‫ﺳِﻠﻴﻢ اﻟَﻌْﻘﻞ‬ َ

sane

‫( َرَﻗَﺪ‬u)

to lie down

‫ﺳّﻢ‬ ُ

poison

42

DISEASES AND HEALTH CARE

َ ‫ﺳ َّﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬

stethoscope

‫ﺻْﻤﻞ‬ َ

stiffness, rigidity

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻄﻨﺎِﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ﺳﻦّ ِا‬ ِ

false tooth

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟﻴِﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﺻْﻤﻞ‬ َ

rigor mortis

ِ ‫ﺻﻮرة أ‬ ُ ‫ﺷ َّﻌﺔ‬

X-ray

‫ﺳﻮء اﻟَﺘْﻐِﺬﻳﺔ‬ ُ

malnutrition

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻْﻴَﺪِﻟ‬ َ

pharmacist

‫ﺳﻌﺎف‬ ْ ‫ﺳّﻴﺎرة اﻹ‬ َ

ambulance (car)

‫ﺻْﻴَﺪِﻟﻴﺔ‬ َ

pharmacy

‫ﺷﺎش‬

gauze

‫ﺼْﻴَﺪِﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺨﺎِﻓﺮة‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

duty pharmacy

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻀِﻠ‬ َ ‫ﺷﺪّ َﻋ‬ َ

muscle cramp

‫ﺣْﻘﻨًﺎ‬ َ َ‫ﺿَﺮب‬ َ (i)

to give an injection

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﺷَﺮ‬ َ

anal

َّ ‫ﺿْﺮﺑﺔ اﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺸْﻤﺲ‬

sunstroke

َ ‫ح‬ َ ‫ﺷَّﺮ‬

to dissect (a corpse)

‫ﺿِﻌﻴﻒ‬ َ

weak

ِ ‫ﻄﻨﺎ‬ ِ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ﺳﻨﺎن ِا‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻋ َّﻴﺔ‬

1. remedy

َ‫ﺿ‬ ُ , ‫ﺿﻌﺎف‬ ِ , pl. f. ‫ﺿﻌﺎﺋﻒ‬ َ pl. m. ‫ﻌﻔﺎء‬

2. cure

َ ‫ﺿْﻐﻂ اﻟَّﺪم‬

blood pressure

‫ﺷَﻔﻰ‬ َ (i)

to cure, heal

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟِﺘﻤﺎِﻋ‬ ْ ‫ﺿﻤﺎن ِا‬ َ

social security

َ‫ﺷّﻞ‬ َ (a)

to be paralysed

ِ ‫ﺿﻴﻖ اﻟ َّﻨَﻔﺲ‬

shortness of breath

‫ﺷَﻠﻞ‬ َ

paralysis

‫ﻃﻔﺎل‬ ْ ‫ﺷَﻠﻞ اﻷ‬ َ

polio

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺷَﻠﻞ ِاْﻫِﺘﺰاِز‬ َ

Parkinson’s Disease

ِ ‫ﺷﻬﺎدة‬ َ ‫ﻃِّﺒ َّﻴﺔ‬

medical certificate

‫ﺷِﻬﻴﺔ‬ َ

appetite

‫ﺻﺎﺑﻮن‬

soap

‫ﺤﻼﻗﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺻﺎﺑﻮن اﻟ‬

shaving soap

‫ﺻْﺒﻐﺔ اﻟُﻴﻮد‬ ِ

tincture of iodine

‫ﺻﺪاع‬ ُ

headache

َ ‫ﺻْﺪﻣﺔ َﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺼِﺒ َّﻴﺔ‬

mental shock

‫ﺻَﺮع‬ َ

epilepsy

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺻْﻔﺮاِو‬ َ

bilious

‫ﺻَﻠﻊ‬ َ

baldness

‫ﺷﻔﺎء‬ ِ

‫ﻃﺎرﺋﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﻃﻮار‬ َ pl. ‫ئ‬

emergency

‫ﻃﺎﻋﻮن‬

plague

‫ﺐ اﻷْﻋﺸﺎب‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ

homeopathy

‫ﻄﺐّ اﻟَﺒِﺪﻳﻞ‬ ِ ‫اﻟ‬

alternative medicine

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺐ َوﻗﺎﺋ‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ

preventive medicine

‫ﻃِﺒﻴﺐ‬ َ ِ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻃَّﺒﺎء‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﺐ اﻷْذن و‬ ‫ﺠﺮة‬ َ ‫ﺤْﻨ‬ َ ‫اﻷْﻧﻒ واﻟ‬

doctor

ear, nose and throat specialist

‫ﺳﻨﺎن‬ ْ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﺐ اﻷ‬

dentist

‫ﻃﻔﺎل‬ ْ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﺐ اﻷ‬

paediatrician

‫ﻃﺒﻴﺐ أْﻣﺮاض‬ ‫اﻟ ِّﻨﺴﺎء‬

gynaecologist

‫ﻃﺒﻴﺐ اﻟُﻌُﻴﻮن‬

opthalmologist

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﺐ َﻧْﻔﺴﺎِﻧ‬

psychiatrist

DISEASES AND HEALTH CARE

‫ِﻋﻼج‬

43

‫ﻃﺤﺎل‬ ُ

splenitis

‫ﻃْﻔﺢ‬ َ

rash

‫ﺤﻔﺎﺿﺎت‬ ِ ‫ﻃْﻔﺢ اﻟ‬ َ

nappy rash

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِﻋﻼج ِﻛﻴِﻤﻴﺎﺋ‬

chemotherapy

‫ﻃَﺮش‬ َ

deafness

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ِﻋﻼ‬

therapeutic

َ ‫ﻃ َّﻬَﺮ‬

to disinfect

‫ﺸِﺮﻳﺢ‬ ْ ‫ِﻋْﻠﻢ اﻟَّﺘ‬

anatomy

‫ﻋﺎٍل‬

high (e.g. blood pressure)

‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟِّﺮﻳﻖ‬

on an empty stomach

‫ﻋﺎَﻟَﺞ‬

to treat (disease)

‫َﻋَﻤﻞ اﻟِﻮﻻدة‬

labour (childbirth)

‫( َﻋَﺜَﺮ‬u, i)

to stumble

ِ ‫ﺟﺮا‬ ِ ‫َﻋَﻤِﻠ َّﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣ َّﻴﺔ‬

operation

‫َﻋَﺜَﺮ ﺑﻪ‬

to trip s.o. up

َ ‫َﻋَﻤﻠَّﻴﺔ َﻗْﻴ‬ ‫ﺼِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

Caesarean section

‫ﺴﻴًﺎ‬ ِ ‫ﺟْﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﺟﺰ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﺎ‬

impotent

‫ُﻋْﻤﻴﺎن‬

blindness

‫ﺠﺰ‬ ْ ‫َﻋ‬

disability

ِ ‫ِﻋﻨﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻃَّﺒ َّﻴﺔ‬

medical care

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺴ‬ ِ ‫ﺟْﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﺠﺰ‬ ْ ‫َﻋ‬

impotence

‫ِﻋﻨﺎﻳﺔ ُﻣَﺮ َّﻛﺰة‬

intensive care

‫ﺻﻘﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻋَﺪﺳﺔ ﻻ‬

contact lens

‫َﻋْﺪَوى‬

infection, contagion

‫َﻋَﺮض‬ pl. ‫ﻋﺮاض‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻋﺮض ﺟﺎِﻧِﺒ‬ ‫ِﻋﺼﺎﺑﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﺼﺎﺋﺐ‬ َ

1. remedy 2. therapy, treatment

‫َﻋْﻨَﺒﺮ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻨﺎِﺑ‬

ward

‫َﻋﻴﺎء‬

inability, feebleness

‫ِﻋﻴﺎدة‬

doctor’s surgery (office)

side-effect

ِ ‫ﻋﻴﺎدة ﺧﺎِر‬ ‫ﺟ َّﻴﺔ‬

outpatient clinic

dressing, bandage

ِ ‫َﻋْﻴﻦ ُزﺟﺎ‬ ‫ﺟ َّﻴﺔ‬

glass eye

‫ﺴَﻤﻜﺔ‬ َّ ‫َﻋْﻴﻦ اﻟ‬

corn (toes)

symptom

‫ﺻِﻘﻴﻊ‬ َ ‫ﻀﺔ‬ َّ ‫َﻋ‬

frostbite

‫َﻋِّﻴﻨﺔ‬

sample

‫ُﻋﻀﺎل‬

incurable (disease)

‫َﻋِّﻴﻨﺔ اﻟﺒﻮل‬

urine sample

drug, remedy

‫َﻋِّﻴﻨﺔ اﻟ َّﺪم‬

blood sample

‫َﻋْﻴِﻨَﻴﺔ‬

eye-piece

‫َﻏَﺜﻴﺎن‬

nausea

‫َﻏْﺮَﻏَﺮ‬

to gurgle

‫ُﻏْﺮﻓﺔ اﻹﻓﺎﻗﺔ‬

recovery room

‫َﻋَّﻘﺎر‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻘﺎِﻗﻴ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻋَّﻘﺎر َوْﻫِﻤ‬

placebo

‫( َﻋَﻘَﻢ‬u)

to be sterile (woman)

‫َﻋ َّﻘَﻢ‬

1. to sterilize 2. to disinfect

44

DISEASES AND HEALTH CARE

‫ُﻏْﺮﻓﺔ اِﻻْﻧِﺘﻈﺎر‬

waiting room

‫َﻗﻄﺮ اﻟَﻌْﻴﻦ‬

eye drops

‫ُﻏِﻤﻲَ َﻋَﻠْﻴِﻪ‬

to faint, lose consciousness

‫ﻄﺮة‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬

drop

‫َﻏْﻨَﻐِﺮﻳﻨﺎ‬

gangrene

‫ﻄﻊ‬ َ ‫( َﻗ‬i)

to cut

‫َﻓْﺄر ُﺗﺠﺎِرب‬

guinea pig

‫ﺳﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻓﺎ‬

rotten, festering

‫ِﻓﺘﺎق‬

hernia

‫ﺺ‬ َ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫( َﻓ‬a)

to examine

‫ﺤﺺ‬ ْ ‫َﻓ‬

(medical) examination, check-up

‫ﻄﻊ‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﻄﻮع‬ ُ ‫ُﻗ‬

cut

‫ُﻗّﻮة‬

strength

‫ى‬ َ ‫( َﻗِﻮ‬a)

to be strong

‫َﻗِﻮى‬ pl. ‫أْﻗِﻮﻳﺎء‬

strong

‫ﻲء‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬

vomiting

‫ُﻗﻴﺎء‬

vomit

‫َﻗَّﻴَﺢ‬

to fester

ْ ‫َﻓ‬ ‫ﺤﺺ اﻟ َّﺪم‬

blood test

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﻄِﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِﻓ‬

inborn

‫ﺻﻮاَﺑُﻪ‬ َ َ‫َﻓَﻘﺪ‬

to lose one’s mind (i)

‫ِﻓْﻘﺪان اﻟَﺬاِﻛﺮة‬

amnesia

‫َﻗْﻴﺢ‬ pl. ‫ُﻗُﻴﻮح‬

‫َﻓْﻘﺮ اﻟَّﺪم‬

anaemia

‫َﻛﺄب‬

‫َﻓﻦّ اﻟَّﺘْﻮِﻟﻴﺪ‬

midwifery

‫ُﻓﻮاق‬

hiccup

‫ﻛﺎُﺑﻮس‬ pl. ُ‫ﻛﻮاِﺑﻴﺲ‬ َ

‫ﺸﻔﺎء‬ ِّ ‫ﻗﺎِﺑﻞ ِﻟﻠ‬

curable

‫ﺴﻮل‬ ُ ‫َﻛْﺒ‬

capsule

‫ﻗﺎَﻟﺐ ﺻﺎﺑﻮن‬

bar of soap

‫َﻛﺌﻴﺐ‬

depressive

‫ُﻗْﺮﺣﺔ‬

1. sore (n.)

‫ﻛﺮﻳﻢ‬

cream

2. tablet, lozenge

‫ﺴَﺮ‬ َ ‫( َﻛ‬i)

to break, fracture

ulcer

َ ‫ُﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﺮح‬

‫ﺴﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻛ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻛﺴﻮر‬

‫ﺴﻢ اﻟِﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِﻗ‬

(‫ِﻛﻤﺎد )ة‬

compress

‫ُﻛﻮِﻟﻴﺮا‬

cholera

‫َﻗْﺮﺣﺔ ِﻣَﻌِﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

‫اﻟُﻤَﺮ َّﻛﺰة‬

intensive care unit

pus

depression nightmare

fracture

‫ﺼِﺮﻳﺔ‬ َ ‫َﻗ‬

chamberpot

‫ِﻛﻴﻨﺔ‬

quinine

‫ﻄﺎرة‬ َّ ‫َﻗ‬

pipette, dropper

‫َﻟْﺒﺨﺔ‬

poultice

‫ﻄَﺮ‬ َّ ‫َﻗ‬

to let fall in drops (medicine)

pl. ‫َﻟَﺒﺨﺎت‬

‫َاْﻧﻒ‬v ‫ﻄﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬

nose drops

DISEASES AND HEALTH CARE

‫ﺼﻮق‬ ُ ‫َﻟ‬

plaster

paraesthesia, pins and needles

‫ﺸْﻤﺲ‬ َ ‫َﻟْﻔﺤﺔ اﻟ‬

sunburn

‫َﻟّﻘََﺢ‬

to vaccinate

‫ى‬ ‫َﻟﻮ ﹰ‬ pl. ‫أْﻟﻮاء‬

‫َﻣَﺬل‬

45

colic

‫ُﻣَﺮِّﺑ َّﻴﺔ‬

nanny

‫ض‬ َ ‫( َﻣِﺮ‬a)

to become ill

‫ض‬ َ ‫َﻣ َّﺮ‬

to nurse

‫ِﻟﻴﻦ اﻟِﻌﻈﺎم‬

softening of the bones

‫َﻣَﺮض‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﺮاض‬

‫ت‬ َ ‫( ﻣﺎ‬u)

to die

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻣﺮض ﺑﺎ‬

internal disease

‫ﻀﻊ‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﺒ‬

scalpel

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳِﻠ‬ ُ ‫َﻣَﺮض َﺗﻨﺎ‬

venereal disease

َ ‫َﻣَﺮض‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ﺴﺎ‬ َّ ‫ﺣ‬

allergic disease

‫ﺴَّﻜﺮ‬ ُّ ‫ﻣﺮض اﻟ‬

diabetes

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺻْﺪِر‬ َ ‫ﻣﺮض‬

pulmonary disease

ُ ‫ﺿ‬ َ ‫َﻣﺒﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬

disease

‫ﺼﺺ‬ ِّ ‫ﺨ‬ َ ‫ُﻣَﺘ‬

specialist (n.)

‫ع‬ ِ ‫ُﻣَﺘﺪا‬

frail (constitution)

‫ﻄﻊ‬ ِّ ‫ُﻣَﺘَﻘ‬

intermittent

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺼِﺒ‬ َ ‫ﻣﺮض َﻋ‬

nervous disease

‫ُﻣَﺘَﻘِّﻴﻊ‬

festering (e.g. wound)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻣﺮض َﻋْﻘِﻠ‬

mental disorder

‫ﺻﻞ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣَﺘﻮا‬

persistent

‫ﻣﺮض اﻟَﻘْﻠﺐ‬

heart disease

‫َﻣﺜﺎﻧﺔ‬

bladder

‫َﻣَﺮض اﻟِﻜْﺒﺪ‬

liver disease

َّ ‫ُﻣَﺜِّﺒﺖ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸْﻌﺮ‬

hairspray

‫ﻣﺮض ُﻣْﻌٍﺪ‬

contagious disease

َّ ‫ﺠِّﻔﻒ اﻟ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺸْﻌﺮ‬

hair dryer

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﻣﺮض َﻣْﻌِﺪ‬

gastric illness

‫ﺠُﻨﻮن‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

crazy, insane

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺴ‬ ِ ‫ﻣﺮض َﻧْﻔ‬

psychiatric illness

syringe

‫ﻣﺮض اﻟ َّﻨﻮم‬

sleeping sickness

‫ﻣﺮض َﻳَﺘَﻌ َّﻠﻖُ ﺑﺎﻟِﻤْﻬﻨﺔ‬

occupational disease

‫ﺤَﻘﻨﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺤﺎِﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ُﻣﺨﺎط‬

nasal mucus

‫ﺨِّﺪر‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

2. narcotic

‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺨ‬ َ ‫( َﻣ‬u, a)

to blow one’s nose

‫( َﻣَّﺪ‬u)

to stretch

‫ﺨِّﺪرات‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﺪِﻣﻦ اﻟُﻤ‬

drug addict

‫ُﻣْﺰِﻣﻦ‬

chronic

‫ﺼﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻣِﺪﻳﺪ اﻟَﺒ‬

long-sighted

‫ُﻣِﺰﻳﻞ اﻟﺮاﺋﺤﺔ‬

deodorant

1. anaesthetic

(‫ﺿﻊ )ة‬ ِ ‫َﻣْﺮ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫ﺿ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺮا‬ ‫َﻣِﺮﻳﺾ‬

wetnurse, foster mother

1. ill 2. patient (n.)

‫َﻣْﺮَﻫﻢ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺮاِﻫ‬

ointment

46

DISEASES AND HEALTH CARE

‫ُﻣِﺰﻳﻞ اﻟَﻌَﺮق‬

anti-perspirant

pl. ‫ﻣﻞ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻌﺎ‬

َّ ‫ﺴِّﺒﺐ ﻟﻠ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺴَﺮﻃﺎن‬

carcinogenic (n.)

‫َﻣْﻐﺺ‬

colic

medical preparation

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﻣْﻐﺺ ُﻛَﻠِﻮ‬

renal colic

‫ﺼﻮم‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻔ‬

schizophrenic

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻀﺮ َدواﺋ‬ َ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫ﺴَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫ﺸﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺴَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬ ْ ‫ﺴَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺸِﻔﻴﺎت‬

hospital

‫ﺸﻔﻰ اﻷْﻣﺮاض‬ ْ ‫ﺴَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫اﻟَﻌْﻘِﻠَّﻴﺔ‬

mental hospital

‫ﺴَﺘِﻌﺪّ ِل‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

prone to, predisposed to

‫ﺴِّﻜﻦ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﺴّﻢ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺴِّﻬﻞ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

sedative, analgesic

poisonous, toxic laxative, purgative

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻣْﻔُﻌﻮل ﺟﺎِﻧِﺒ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻴﻞُ ﺟﺎِﻧِﺒّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻔﺎ‬

side effect

‫ِﻣَﻘﺺّ اﻷﻇﺎِﻓﺮ‬

nail clippers

‫ُﻣَﻘﱟﻮ‬

tonic, restorative

ُ pl. ‫ﻣَﻘِّﻮﻳﺎت‬

ِ ‫ﻲء‬ ّ ‫ُﻣَﻘ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻣَﻘَّﻴﺌﺎت‬

emetic

‫َﻣﻼِرﻳﺎ‬

malaria

‫ﺸُﻴﻮخ‬ ُّ ‫َﻣْﻠﺠﺄ اﻟ‬

home for the elderly

َّ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﻳﺔ‬

baby walker

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ِﻣْﻠﺢ إْﻧﻜِﻠﻴِﺰ‬

Epsom salts

‫ﺸَﺮﺣﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

1. operating table

‫ِﻣْﻠَﻘﻂ‬

tweezers

2. autopsy room

‫ُﻣَﻤِّﺮﺿﺔ‬

nurse

‫ﺸُﻠﻮل‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

paralysed

‫ُﻣِﻤﻴﺖ‬

lethal

‫ب‬ ِ ‫ُﻣﺼﺎب‬

afflicted by (a disease)

‫َﻣﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬

immunity

fatal accident

‫ﺤﻤﻞ‬ َ ‫َﻣْﻨﻊ اﻟ‬

contraception

‫ُﻣَﻨِّﻮم‬

anaesthetic, sedative

‫ﻄِﺒﻴﺐ‬ ْ ‫َﻣﻮادّ اﻟَﺘ‬

medicaments

‫ﻣﻮادّ ُﻣﻀﺎد‬ ‫ﺤَﻴﻮان‬ َ ‫ﻟﻠ‬

antibiotics

‫َﻣْﻮت‬

death

‫ﺼَﺮع‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺼﺎِر‬ pl. ‫ع‬ ‫ﺼﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ُ ‫ُﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺼﻮل‬

serum

‫ُﻣﻀﺎَﻋﻔﺎت‬

complications

‫ﻄِّﻬﺮ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

disinfectant

‫ق‬ ٍ ‫ُﻣﻌﺎ‬

disabled

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻮات‬

‫ﺳﻨﺎن‬ ْ ‫ﺠﻮن اﻷ‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻌ‬

toothpaste

‫َﻣْﻮت أْﺑَﻴﺾ‬

natural death

‫ﺤﻼﻗﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺠﻮن اﻟ‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻌ‬

shaving foam

‫َﻣْﻮت اﻟَﻐْﻔﻠﺔ‬

sudden death

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ُﻣْﻌِﺪ‬

contagious

‫ﺳﻰ‬ َ ‫( ُﻣﻮ‬f.)

straight razor

‫َﻣْﻌَﻤﻞ‬

laboratory

ٍ ‫َﻣﻮا‬, ‫أْﻣﻮاس‬ pl. ‫س‬

DISEASES AND HEALTH CARE

47

‫ُﻣﺆ َّﻗﺖ‬

temporary

‫َﻧْﻘﻞ اﻟ َّﺪم‬

blood transfusion

‫ُﻣَﻮِّﻟﺪة‬

midwife

‫( َﻧَﻘَﻪ‬a)

to recover

‫ُﻣْﺆِﻟﻢ‬

painful

‫َﻧَﻜﻔﺔ‬

parotid gland

‫ﺟﻊ‬ ِ ‫ﻧﺎ‬

beneficial, healthful

‫َﻧْﻮﺑﺔ‬

fit, attack

fistula

َ ‫ﻧﻮﺑﺔ َﻋ‬ ‫ﺼِﺒ َّﻴﺔ‬

nervous crisis

‫َﻧ َّﻮَم‬

to anaesthetize

‫ﺳﻮر‬ ُ ‫ﻧﺎ‬ ِ ‫َﻧﻮا‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﻴ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻋﻮر‬

haemophilia

‫ِﻫﺬاء‬

delirium, ravings

‫ُﻧُﺘﻮء‬

growth, swelling

‫( َﻫَﺬى‬i)

to rave, be delirious

‫ﺠﺪة‬ ْ ‫اﻟَﻨ‬,‫ﺠﺪة‬ ْ ‫اﻟَﻨ‬

help! help!

‫( َﻫ َّﺮ‬i)

to whimper, whine

‫ﺠَﻊ‬ َ ‫( َﻧ‬a)

to have a salutary effect

‫َﻫﻮس‬

paranoia

‫َﻧَﺪب‬

scar

‫ﻃﻰء‬ ِ ‫وا‬

low (blood pressure)

‫ف‬ َ ‫( َﻧَﺰ‬i)

to draw off (blood)

‫واِﻫﻦ‬ pl. ‫ﻫﻦ‬ ُ ‫ُو‬

‫ي‬ ّ ‫اﻟَﻨَﺰف اﻟَﺪَﻣِﻮ‬

haemophilia

(‫ﺨُﺰ‬ ِ ‫ﺧﺰَ )َﻳ‬ َ ‫َو‬

to sting

‫َﻧِﺰﻳﻒ‬

bleeding, blood loss

‫ﺧﺰ‬ ْ ‫َو‬

stinging, twinges

َّ ‫َﻧ‬ ‫ﻈﺎرات‬

spectacles

َ ‫وﺧﺰ ﺑﺎﻹَﺑﺮ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺼﻴِﻨ َّﻴﺔ‬

acupuncture

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻈﺎراِﺗ‬ َ ‫َﻧ‬

optician

‫ﺼﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺨ‬ َ ‫ﺧﺰة ِﺑﺎﻟ‬ ْ ‫َو‬

stitch (in the side)

‫َﻧْﻌﺶ‬

bier

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِوراِﺛ‬

genetic, hereditary

‫( َﻧَﻌﻰ‬a)

to announce s.o.’s death

‫َوَرم‬

tumour, swelling

‫َﻧْﻌﻴﺔ‬

death notice

‫ﺻﻔﺔ‬ ْ ‫َو‬

prescription

‫ُﻧﻘﺎض‬

ague, fit

ِ ‫َوﻓﺎة‬ ‫ﻃِّﺒ َّﻴﺔ‬

clinical death

‫َﻧﻘﺎﻫﺔ‬

convalescence, recovery

‫ِوﻗﺎﻳﺔ ِﻣﻦ‬

prophylaxis

‫ِﻧْﻘِﺮس‬

gout

‫َﻳَﺮﻗﺎن‬

jaundice

pl. ‫أْﻧﺪاب‬, ‫ﺪب‬ ُ ‫ُﻧ‬

weakened, debilitated

48

THE FAMILY, HUMAN RELATIONS AND EMOTIONS

The family, human relations and emotions ‫أب‬

father

pl. ‫|اﺑﺎء‬

‫ِاﺑﻦ‬ pl. ‫أْﺑﻨﺎء‬

son

‫ﺧﻼص‬ ْ ‫إ‬

sincerity

‫ب‬ ِ ‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺧَﺘَﻠ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to mix with

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺧَﺘَﻠ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to be different

uncle)

‫ﺧِﺘﻼف‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

cousin (son of maternal

‫ﺧَﺘَﻔﻰ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to hide

uncle)

‫ﺧَﺬ‬ َ ‫( أ‬u)

to take

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ِاَّﺗَﻔ‬

to agree

‫ﺧﺮ‬ ِ ‫آ‬

other

‫ﺟَﺘَﻤَﻊ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to assemble, gather

f. ‫ﺮى‬ َ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫أ‬, pl. ‫ﺧُﺮوَن‬ ِ ‫آ‬

َّ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺐ‬

to love

َ ‫ﺧَﺮ‬ ‫ج‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to take out

‫ﺣﺘﺎجَ إﻟﻰ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to need

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺧِﻮ‬ َ ‫َأ‬

brotherly

‫ﺣِﺘﺮام‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

respect

‫ﺧﻮة‬ ُ ‫ُأ‬

brotherliness

‫ﺣَﺘَﺮَم‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to respect

‫( آَذى‬a)

to harm, wrong

‫س‬ َ ‫ﺣَﺘَﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to be wary of

‫ﺧﺘﺎَر‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to choose

‫ى‬ ‫أذ ﹰ‬ ِ‫أ‬ pl. ‫أذاة‬, ‫ذﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺣِﺘﻘﺎر‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

contempt, disdain

‫ﺣَﺘَﻘَﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to despise

‫أخ‬

brother

‫ِاْﺑﻦ َﻋّﻢ‬ ‫ِاﺑﻦ ﺧﺎل‬

cousin ( son of paternal

َ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫إ‬ pl. ‫ﻮة‬ ‫إﺧﺎء‬ ‫ﺧﺖ‬ ْ ‫ُأ‬ َ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺧﻮات‬

fraternity, friendship sister

‫ﺧﺖ اﻟَﺰْوﺟﺔ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

sister-in-law (sister of wife)

‫ﺧِﺘﻼط‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

social intercourse

‫ﺧِﺘﻴﺎر‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

choice

‫ﺸﻦ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ َ , pl. ‫ﺸﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ f. ‫ﺸﻨﺎء‬

rude, uncouth

difference

harm, offence

‫أراَد‬

to want

‫إرادة‬

will, wish

‫إراِدي‬

intentional

‫ق‬ َ ‫اْرَﺗَﺰ‬

to make a living

‫أْرَﻣﻞ‬ ُ ‫أراِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ‫أْرَﻣﻠﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻞ‬ ِ ‫أرا‬, ‫أراِﻣﻠﺔ‬

widower

widow

‫ِاْزداَد‬

to increase

‫ﺨَﺪَم‬ ْ ‫ﺳَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to use

‫ﺳَﺘﻄﺎع‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to be able

‫ﺳَﺘَﻌﻤَﻞ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

see ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪم‬

THE FAMILY, HUMAN RELATIONS AND EMOTIONS

‫ﺳَﺘْﻐَﻔَﺮ ل‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to ask (s.o.) for forgiveness to exploit, take advantage of

ْ ‫ِا‬ ‫ﺳَﺘَﻤَّﺮ‬

to continue

‫ﺳِﺘْﻨﺘﺎج‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

deduction

‫ﺳَﺘْﻨَﺘَﺞ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to deduce, infer

‫ﺳِﺘﻴﺎء‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

indignation, discontent

‫ﺳﺮاف‬ ْ ‫إ‬

extravagance,

‫أﻇَﻬَﺮ‬

to show

‫أﻋﺎَل‬

to support (family members)

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ِاْﻋِﺘﺒﺎِر‬

subjective

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫ِاْﻋِﺘﺒﺎ‬

accidental, coincidental

‫ِاْﻋِﺘﺪال‬

moderation

immoderateness

‫اْﻋِﺘﺬار‬

apology

to hurry

(‫إْﻋَﺘَﺬرَ لِ )ِﻣﻦ‬

to apologize to s.o. (for s.thing)

‫ﺳﻒَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ِ ‫( أ‬a)

to regret, feel sorry for

‫ﺳﻒ‬ َ ‫أ‬

regret

‫ﺳﻒ‬ ِ ‫آ‬

sorry, regretful

‫ﺳَﻔَﺮ ﻋﻦ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to result in

‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺳَﻘ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to throw down

‫ﺳﻼف‬ ْ ‫أ‬

ancestors

‫ﺳﻢ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ pl. ‫ﺳﻤﺎء‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to name/call somebody (after s.o.) . . .

‫ﺳَﺘَﻐَﻞ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

‫ع‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﻃَﻠﻖَ َﻋَﻠْﻴِﻪ ِاﺳﻢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

49

given name

‫ِاْﻋَﺘَﻤﺪَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to depend on

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻋَﺘَﻨ‬

to embrace, hug

‫أَﻋَّﺪ‬

to prepare

‫ﻄﻰ‬ َ ‫أْﻋ‬

to give

‫أﻏﺎَر‬

to make jealous

‫أْﻏَﺮى‬

to seduce

‫إْﻏﺮاء‬

temptation

‫اِﻻﺳﻢ اﻟَّﺜﺎِﻧﻲ‬

middle name

‫ب‬ ِ َ‫ﺨﺮ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻓَﺘ‬

to be proud of

‫ِاﺳﻢ ﻛﺎِﻣﻞ‬

full name

‫ض‬ َ ‫ِاْﻓَﺘَﺮ‬

to assume

‫ﺷِﺘﺒﺎه‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

suspicion

‫ِاﻓَْﺘَﺮضَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to impose s.thing on s.o.

‫ﺷَﺘَﺒَﻪ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to suspect

‫اْﻓَﺘَﻘَﺪ‬

to miss (s.o., s.thing)

‫ﺷِﺘﻬﺎر‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

notoriety

‫ِاْﻓَﺘَﻜَﺮ‬

to think

‫ﺷَﻔﻖَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to pity, feel sorry for

َ ‫أْﻓَﺰ‬ ‫ع‬

to frighten

‫ﺻَﺒَﺢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to become

‫أﻗﺎَم‬

to set up, raise

َ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺻﺮَّ َﻋَﻠﻰ‬

to insist on

‫ِاْﻗَﺘَﺮحَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to propose

‫ع‬ َ ‫أﺿﺎ‬

to lose

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫أْﻗَﻠ‬

to disturb, bother

ْ ‫ِا‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺄَّن‬

to come to rest

‫أْﻗَﻨَﻊ ب‬

to persuade s.o. to do s.thing

(‫أﻃﺎق )ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to stand, tolerate (s.thing)

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻛَﺘ‬

to discover

50

THE FAMILY, HUMAN RELATIONS AND EMOTIONS

‫ِاْﻛَﺘَﻔﻰ‬

to content, satisfy

‫ﺶ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧَﺪَﻫ‬

to be astonished

‫أ َّﻛَﺪ‬

to assure, confirm

(‫ب‬ ِ ) َ‫أْﻧَﺬر‬

to warn s.o. (against s.thing)

‫أِﻛﻴﺪ‬

certain

‫ﻀﺒﺎط‬ ِ ‫ِاْﻧ‬

discipline

‫أَﻟﱠﺢ‬

to pester

‫ﻄَﺒَﻊ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧ‬

to be impressed

‫إْﻟﺤﺎح‬

insistence

‫ُأّم‬

introversion

mother

( ‫ﻄﻮاء )ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ِ ‫اْﻧ‬ ‫اﻟ َّﻨْﻔﺲ‬ ‫أْﻧَﻜَﺮ‬

to deny

‫اْﻧِﻜﻤﺎش‬

absorption, preoccupation

‫أْﻧَﻬﻰ‬

to finish, end

pl. ‫ﻣﻬﺎت‬ َّ ‫أ‬

‫ح‬ َ ‫اْﻣَﺘَﺪ‬

to praise

(‫إَﻣﺮأة )اﻟَﻤﺮأة‬ woman pl. ‫ِﻧﺴﺎء‬, ‫ﺴﻮة‬ ْ ‫ِﻧ‬, ‫ﺴﻮان‬ ْ ‫ِﻧ‬

‫ُأُﻧﻮﺛﺔ‬

femininity, womanliness

(‫ُأمّ اﻟ َّﺰْوج )ة‬

mother-in-law

َ ‫آَﻧ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

to keep someone company

‫( أَﻣَﻞ‬i)

to hope

‫َأِﻧﻴﺲ‬

pleasant, affable

‫أْﻣﻞ‬

hope

pl. ‫ٌأَﻧﺴﺎُء‬

pl. ‫آﻣﺎل‬

‫أِﻣﻴﻦ‬ َ ‫ُأ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻨﺎء‬

‫أﻫﺎَن‬ loyal, honest

to treat with contempt, humiliate

‫إﻫﺎﻧﺔ‬

affront, insult

‫ب‬ ِ َّ‫ِاْﻫَﺘﻢ‬

to be interested in

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫أﻧﺎِﻧ‬

selfish

‫أﻧﺎِﻧﻴﺔ‬

selfishness, egoism

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫َأَّﻧ‬

to blame

‫ب‬ ِ ‫ِاْﻫِﺘﻤﺎم‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ِاْﻧَﺒَﻬَﺮ‬

to be dazzled

‫ْإْﻫﻤﺎل‬

carelessness, negligence

‫ﻈَﺮ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧَﺘ‬

to wait

‫أْﻫَﻤَﻞ‬

to neglect, disregard

‫ِاْﻧِﺘﻘﺎم‬

revenge

‫أْوَﻗَﻊ‬

to drop

‫ِاْﻧَﺘَﻘَﺪ‬

to criticize

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫أْوَﻗ‬

to stop, cease (trans.)

‫ِاْﻧَﺘَﻘﻢَ ِﻣﻦ‬

to take revenge on s.o.

‫ﺑﺎَدَل‬

to exchange

‫ِاْﻧَﺘَﻬﻰ‬

to be finished

‫ﺑﺎﻟَﺒﺪاﻫﺔ‬

spontaneously

female, feminine

‫ِﺑﺎﻟ َّﺘﻨﺎُوب‬

successively

‫ِﺑﺎﻟَﺪْور‬

alternately, in turns

‫ُأﻧَﺜﻰ‬ pl. ‫إﻧﺎث‬, ‫أﻧﺎَﺛﻰ‬

concern, care

‫ِاْﻧِﺪﻓﺎع‬

impetuosity, rashness

ُّ ‫ِﺑﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﺼْﺪﻓﺔ‬

by chance

‫ِاْﻧَﺪَﻓَﻊ‬

to be impetuous

‫ﺑﺎْﻋِﺘﺪال‬

moderately

THE FAMILY, HUMAN RELATIONS AND EMOTIONS

‫ﺑﺎِﻛﺮة‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﺑﻮاِﻛ‬

first-born

‫ﺑﺎِﻫﺮ‬

dazzling, splendid

‫ﺨﻞ‬ ْ ‫ُﺑ‬

avarice

‫ﺨَﻞ‬ ِ ‫( َﺑ‬a)

to be stingy

‫َﺗﺠﺎُذب‬

mutual attraction

‫َﺗﺠﺎَﻫَﻞ‬

to pretend not to know

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺠَّﻨ‬

to avoid

‫َﺗﺤﺎُﻣﻞ‬

prejudice

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺤ ُّﺮش‬

interference, meddling

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺤَّﻘ‬

to make sure

ِ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺤ َّﻴﺔ‬

greeting

‫ﺨﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫َﺑ‬ َ ‫ُﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﺨﻼُء‬

2. stingy, mean

‫( َﺑَﺪأ‬a)

to begin

(‫َﺑَﺪى )َﻳْﺒُﺪو‬

to seem

‫َﺑ َّﺮاق‬

sparkling, glittering

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺤ َّﻴَﺮ‬

to become confused

‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫( َﺑ‬u)

to spread out

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺤُّﻴﺮ‬

confusion, bewilderment

simple

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺨَّﻴَﻞ‬

to imagine

‫َﺗَﺬ َّﻛَﺮ‬

to remember

‫َﺗَﺮ َّدَد‬

to hesitate, waver

‫َﺗَﺮُّدد‬

hesitation, reluctance

virginity

‫َﺗَﺮَّﻣَﻞ‬

to become a widow(er)

1. girl

َ‫َﺗَﺰ َّوج‬

to get married

2. daughter

‫ﺴﺄَل‬ َ ‫َﺗ‬

to ask oneself

‫ِﺑْﻨﺖ اﻷخ‬

niece (brother’s daughter)

‫َﺗﺴﺎُﻣﺢ‬

tolerance

‫ﺧﺖ‬ ْ ‫ﺑﻨﺖ اُﻷ‬

niece (sister’s daughter)

‫َﺗﺴﺎُﻫﻞ‬

leniency, indulgence

cousin (paternal uncle’s daughter)

‫َﺗﺸﺎُؤم‬

pessimism

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﺗﺸﺎُؤِﻣ‬

pessimistic

‫َﺗﺸﺎُﺑﻪ‬

similarity

‫ﺴﻴﻂ‬ ِ ‫َﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﺴﻄﺎُء‬ َ ‫ُﺑ‬ ‫ﺸﻊ‬ ِ ‫َﺑ‬ ‫َﺑﻄﺎﻧﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫َﺑﻄﺎﺋ‬ ‫َﺑﻜﺎرة‬ ‫ِﺑْﻨﺖ‬ pl. ‫ِﺑﻨﺎت‬

‫ِﺑْﻨﺖ اﻟَﻌّﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺖ اﻟﺨﺎل‬

1. miser

offensive, repugnant (e.g. act) entourage

cousin (maternal uncle’s daughter)

ِ ‫ﻣﻊ َﺗ‬ ‫ﺤ َّﻴﺎت‬

51

best wishes (closing formula in letter)

‫ُﺑْﺆس‬

misery

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺸ َّﻮقَ اﻟﻰ‬

to long for

‫ﺗﺎِرﻳﺦ اﻟِﻤﻴﻼد‬

date of birth

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ف‬ َ ‫ﺼَّﺮ‬

to act, behave

‫َﺗَﺒَّﻨﻰ‬

to adopt

‫ﺼِﻤﻴﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

determination

‫َﺗَﺒًّﻦ‬

adoption

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺼ َّﻮَر‬

see ‫ﻞ‬ َ ‫ﺗﺨﻴ‬

52

THE FAMILY, HUMAN RELATIONS AND EMOTIONS

‫ب‬ ِ َ‫َﺗﻈﺎَﻫﺮ‬

to pretend

‫َﺗﻈﺎُﻫﺮ‬

dissimulation, pretending

‫َﺗْﻬِﺪﻳﺪ‬

threat

‫َﺗْﻬﻨﺌﺔ‬

congratulation

ُ ‫َﺗﻬﺎِﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﺊ‬

‫ِﺗﻌﺎﺳﺔ‬

see ‫ﺑﺆس‬

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ َّ ‫َﺗَﻌ‬

to be surprised, wonder

(‫ب‬ ِ ) َ‫َﺗَﻌَّﺮف‬

to become acquainted (with)

(‫ب‬ ِ ) ‫َﺗَﻌُّﺮف‬

pl. ‫ﻮأﻣﺎن‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬, ‫َﺗﻮاﺋُﻢ‬

acquaintance (with)

‫ﺣﺪ‬ ‫َﺗَﻮ ﱡ‬

‫َﺗْﻌِﺰﻳﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﺗﻌﺎ‬ pl. ‫ز‬ ‫ﻄﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻌ‬ ‫َﺗْﻌِﻘﻴﺪ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ ل‬،‫َﺗَﻌ َّﻬﺪَ ب‬ ‫َﺗَﻌﱡﻬﺪ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫َﺗَﻌَّﻮدَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫َﺗِﻌﻴﺲ‬ َ ‫ُﺗ‬ pl. ‫ﻌﺴﺎء‬

‫ﺿﻊ‬ ُ ‫َﺗﻮا‬

humility, modesty

‫َﺗْﻮَأم‬

twin

condolences

1. loneliness 2. seclusion

‫َﺗَﻮّﻗََﻊ‬

to expect

‫ﺛﺎَﺑﺮَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to persist, persevere in

‫ِﺛﻘﺔ‬

confidence, trust

to commit oneself to s.thing

‫ﺟﺎّد‬

serious

commitment, pledge

‫ﺟﺎِﻓﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

incentive, spur for

‫ﺟﺎِﻣﺢ‬

unruly, headstrong

interruption complication, entanglement

to get used to miserable, unhappy

‫ﺟﺒﺎن‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﺟَﺒﻨﺎُء‬

coward

‫ﺟﺒﺎﻧﺔ‬ َ

cowardice

‫ﺿﻰ ﻋﻦ‬ َ ‫َﺗﻐﺎ‬

to ignore

‫ﺟّﺪ‬ ِ

seriousness

‫َﺗﻔﺎؤل‬

optimism

‫ﺟّﺪ‬ َ

1. grandfather

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﺗﻔﺎُؤِﻟ‬

optimistic

pl. ‫ﺪود‬ ُ‫ﺟ‬ ُ , ‫ﺟﺪاد‬ ْ ‫أ‬

2. ancestor

‫َﺗْﻘِﺪﻳﺮ‬

appreciation

‫ﺠّﺪ اﻷْﻋﻠﻰ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

‫َﺗَﻜُّﺒﺮ‬

arrogance

‫ِﺗْﻠﻘﺎﺋﻲ‬

spontaneous

‫َﺗَﻤ َّﻜﻦَ ﻣﻦ‬

to be able to

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫َﺗَﻤ َّﻠ‬

to flatter s.o.

‫َﺗَﻤ ُّﻠﻖ‬

ْ‫ﺟ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺬﻋﺎن‬

flattery wish

‫ﺟّﻨﺎز‬ ُ ُ ‫ﺟﻨﺎِﻧﻴ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺰ‬

contradiction

‫ﺟِﻨﺎزة‬ ُ ‫ﺟﻨﺎﺋ‬ َ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺰ‬

‫َﺗَﻤﱟﻦ‬ pl. ‫َﺗﻤَّﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫َﺗﻨﺎُﻗﺾ‬

1. great-grandfather 2. ancestor

َ ‫ﺟ َّﺪة‬

grandmother

ّ ‫ﺟ َّﺬاب‬

attractive, enchanting

‫ﺟَﺬع‬ َ

young man

funeral rites

funeral

THE FAMILY, HUMAN RELATIONS AND EMOTIONS

‫ﺟْﻨﺲ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺟﻨﺎس‬ ْ ‫أ‬

sex, gender

‫ﺳّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺴﺎ‬ ّ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

sensitivity

‫ﺴَﺪ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ (u)

to envy

‫ﺴﺪ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

envy

‫ﺠْﻨﺲ‬ ِ ‫ﻣﺎَرسَ اﻟ‬

to have sex

ِ ‫ﺟْﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ َّﻴﺔ‬

sexuality

‫ﺟِﻬَﻞ‬ َ (a)

to not know, be ignorant

‫ﺿﻨﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺎ‬ ُ ‫ﺿ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﻮا‬ َ pl. ‫ﻦ‬

good

‫ﺣْﻔﻠﺔ َزَواج‬ َ

hot-tempered, irascible

‫ﺣِﻔﻴﺪ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺣَﻔﺪة‬ َ

envious

‫ﺣِﻔﻴﺪة‬ َ

‫ﺷﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺎ‬

crowded

ُ ‫ﺠﺔ‬ َّ ‫ﺣ‬ pl. ‫ﺠﺞ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ُ

‫ﺣﺎِﻗﺪ‬

spiteful, rancorous

‫ﺣْﺰر‬ َ

‫ﺐ‬ ّ ‫ﺣ‬ ُ

love

(‫ﺣِﺒﻴﺐ )ة‬ َ

darling, sweetheart

‫ﺟِّﻴﺪ‬ َ ِ pl. ‫ﺟﻴﺎد‬ ‫ﻄْﺒﻊ‬ َ ‫ﺣﺎدّ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺳﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺴﺎد‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ُ , ‫ﺴﺪة‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

m.pl. ‫ﺣَﺒﺎُء‬ ِ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺣَﺒﺔ‬ ِ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺣﺒﺎب‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﺚ‬ ‫ﺣ ﱠ‬ َ (u)

to urge, incite (to do s.thing)

(‫ﺣﺪاد )ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ِ

mourning (for)

‫ق‬ َ ‫ﺣَﺪ‬ َ (i)

to glance, look at

َ ‫ب‬ ِ َ‫ﺣ َّﺬر‬

see ‫أﻧﺬر‬

َ ‫ﺣَّﺮشَ َﺑْﻴﻦ‬

to sow discord between

‫ﺣَﺮصَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ َ (i)

to strive towards

‫ﺣْﺮص‬ ِ

1. see ‫ﻤﻊ‬ َ ‫ﻃ‬ 2. aspiration, endeavour

‫ﺣَﺰَر‬ َ (i, u)

to guess

‫ﺣِﺰَن‬ َ (a)

to be sad

‫ﺣْﺰن‬ ُ

sadness, sorrow

‫ﺣِﺰﻳﻦ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺰﻧﺎء‬ َ‫ﺣ‬ ُ , ‫ﺣﺰاﻧﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺴﺎس‬ ّ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

sad

sensitive

‫ﻖ‬ ّ ‫ﺣ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺣُﻘﻮق‬ ُ (‫ﺣِﻘﺪَ )ﻋﻠﻰ‬ َ (a) ‫ﺣْﻘﺪ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺣﻘﺎد‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺣُﻘﻮد‬ ُ ‫ﺣِﻘﻴﺮ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺣَﻘﺮاُء‬ ُ

nursemaid

wedding grandson

granddaughter pretext

guess right

to have feelings of hatred (against) hatred, rancour

low, base, contemptible

‫ﺐ‬ ّ ‫ﺣ‬ ُ ‫ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ‬ ِ

love affair

‫ﺣﻢ‬ َ

father-in-law

pl. ‫ﺣﻤﺎء‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﺣﻤﺎة‬ َ pl. ‫ﻤﻮات‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺣِﻤﻴﻢ‬ َ

mother-in-law

close friend

pl. ‫ﻤﺎُء‬ ّ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫أ‬

‫ﺣَﻨﻖ‬ َ

fury, rage

‫ﺣُﻨﻮن‬ َ

affectionate, kind

‫ﺣِﻨﻴﻦ‬ َ

1. yearning 2. nostalgia 3. homesickness

53

54

َ ‫ﺣ َّﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎء‬ َ ‫ﺣﻴﺎة‬ َ

THE FAMILY, HUMAN RELATIONS AND EMOTIONS to greet

‫ﺧَﺬَل‬ َ (u)

to desert, leave in the lurch

shyness

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫ﺼﻮ‬ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ

private, personal

life

ِ ‫ﺼﻮ‬ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ ‫ﺻ َّﻴﺔ‬

privacy

َ pl. ‫ﺣَﻴﻮات‬

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ َ (u)

‫ﺣْﻴِﺜﻴﺔ‬ َ

angle, viewpoint

‫ﺣْﻴﺮان‬ َ

confused, perplexed

‫ﺣﻴﻠﺔ‬ ِ ِ pl. ‫ﺣَﻴﻞ‬

ruse, trick

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺣَﻴِﻮ‬ َ

vital, lively

‫ﺣِﻴﻰ‬ َ

shy

‫ب‬ َ ‫( ﺧﺎ‬i)

to be dashed, unsuccessful

to ask for a girl’s hand in marriage

‫ﻄﻴﺐ‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ َ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻄﺒﺎُء‬

2. fiancé

‫ﻄﻴﺒﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

fiancée

‫ﻄﻮﺑﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ

engagement

‫ﺧَﻠﻖ‬ َ

character, morals

1. suitor

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺧﻼق‬

(hopes)

‫ﺧُﻠﻮق‬ َ

‫ﺧﺎِرق اﻟﻌﺎدة‬

extraordinary

‫( ﺧﺎض‬u)

to undergo

‫ﺧِﻠﻴﻞ‬ َ ِ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺧﻼن‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺧﻼء‬

‫ف‬ َ ‫( ﺧﺎ‬a)

to be afraid

‫ﺧﻨﺎق‬ ِ

quarrel, row

maternal uncle

‫ﺧْﻮف‬ َ

fear

‫ﺧﺎل‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺧﻮال‬

‫ﺧﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬ ِ

upright, of firm character 1. bosom friend 2. boyfriend

1. betrayal

‫ﺧﺎﻟﺔ‬

maternal aunt

‫ﺧﺎِﻟﺺ‬

sincere

َ ‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺧَّﻴ‬

to disappoint (s.o.)

‫( ﺧﺎَن‬u)

to betray

‫ﺧﻴﺒﺔ‬ ِ

disappointment, failure

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺧﺎَﻧ‬

to quarrel, row

َ ‫ﺧَّﻴﻞَ إﻟﻰ أن‬

to lead s.o. to believe that

‫ﺧﺎﺋﻒ‬

afraid, scared

‫ﻄﻮﺑﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﺨ‬ ُ ‫ِدْﺑﻠﺔ اﻟ‬

engagement ring

‫داِﻋﺮ‬

immoral, lewd, obscene

disloyal, treacherous

َ ‫ُد‬ pl. ‫ﻋﺎر‬

ُ pl. ‫ﺧَﻮف‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺋﻦ‬ َ‫ﺧ‬ ُ , ‫ﺧَﻮﻧﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻮان‬ ‫ﺧَﺘﻦ‬ َ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺧﺘﺎن‬

son-in-law

2. adultery

‫داَﻫَﻦ‬

to flatter, fawn on s.o.

‫َد َّﺑَﺮ‬

to arrange, work things out

‫ﺠﻞَ ﻣﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ (a)

to be ashamed of

‫َدﻋﺎرة‬

indecency, immorality

‫ﺠﻞ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

shame

‫( َدِﻋَﺮ‬a)

to be immoral

‫ﺠﻼن‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

ashamed, embarrassed

‫َد َّﻟَﻊ‬

to spoil (child)

THE FAMILY, HUMAN RELATIONS AND EMOTIONS

‫َدﻧﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫َدِﻧﻲ‬ pl. ‫دِﻧﻴﺎء‬ ْ‫أ‬

meanness, vileness mean, despicable

‫َرِﻓﻴﻊ‬ ‫َرِﻗﻴﻖ‬ ِ ‫أ‬, ‫ِرﻗﺎق‬ pl. ‫رَﻗﺎء‬

thin fine, delicate

‫َدْﻫﺶ‬

astonishment

‫َرَّوقَ دَﻣﻪ‬

to placate, cool s.o. off

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ذاِﺗ‬

subjective

‫َزﱠﻓﺔ‬

wedding procession

‫َذِرﻳﻌﺔ‬

pretext, excuse

‫ِزﻧﺎء‬

adultery, promiscuous behaviour

ُ ‫َذراﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ‫َذ َّﻛَﺮ‬

to remind

‫َذَﻛﺮ‬

male, masculine

ُ ‫ُذ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﻮر‬

‫( َزَﻧﻰ‬i)

to commit adultery, be promiscuous

‫َزواج‬

marriage, wedding

‫ﺼَﻠﺤﺔ‬ ْ ‫َزواج اﻟَﻤ‬

marriage of convenience

‫َذ َّﻟَﻞ‬

to overcome (obstacle)

‫( َذﱠم‬u)

to blame, criticize

‫َزْوج‬ pl. ‫زواج‬ ْ‫أ‬

‫َذِﻣﻴﻢ‬

objectionable

َ ‫َزَّو‬ ‫ج‬

to marry off (girl)

‫ب‬ ّ ‫را‬

stepfather

‫َزْوﺟﺔ‬

wife

‫راَﺑﺔ‬

stepmother

‫َزْوﺟﺎن‬

married couple

‫ﺳﺦ‬ ِ ‫را‬

deep-rooted

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫َزْو‬

marital, conjugal

stepson, foster son

‫ﺳﺎَذج‬

naive, gullible

‫ﺳﺎِﻗﻂ‬

disreputable

stepdaughter, foster daughter

pl. ‫ﺳَﻘﺎط‬ ُ

‫ِرِﺑﻴﺐ‬ pl. ‫رّﺑﺎء‬ ِ‫أ‬ ‫ِرِﺑﻴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻞ‬ ُ ‫َر‬ pl. ‫رﺟﺎل‬ ِ

man

husband

‫ﺳﺎِﻗﻄﺔ‬

fallen woman, harlot

‫ﺳﺌﻢَ ِﻣﻦ‬ َ (a)

to be fed up with

‫ﺟﻮﻟﺔ‬ ُ ‫َر‬

manhood

‫ﺨﺮَ ﻣﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ َ (a)

to mock, ridicule s.o.

‫َرداءة‬

wickedness

‫ﺨﻂ‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ

annoyance, irritation

‫َرِدىء‬

bad, wicked, evil

‫ﺳﺬاﺟﺔ‬ َ

naivety

‫َرِذﻳﻠﺔ‬

vice

‫ﺳُﺮور‬ ُ

joy

‫ﻰ‬ ّ ‫ﺤ‬ ِ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ َ

superficial

ُ ‫َرذاﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ‫َرِزﻳﻦ‬

calm, composed

‫ِرﺳﺎﻟﺔ َﻏﺮاِﻣ َّﻴﺔ‬

love letter

‫( َرِﻏﺐَ ﻓﻲ‬a)

to wish

‫ﺳِﻌﻴﺪ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻌﺪاء‬ َ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﺳْﻠﻒ‬ ِ

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺳﻼف‬

happy

brother-in-law (husband’s brother)

55

56

‫ﺳْﻠﻔﺔ‬ ِ

THE FAMILY, HUMAN RELATIONS AND EMOTIONS sister-in-law (sister of husband)

َ (u) ‫ﺷ َّﻚ‬

to doubt

‫ﺷّﻚ‬ َ

doubt

‫ﺳُﻠﻮك‬ ُ

behaviour

ُ ‫ﺷ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻜﻮك‬

َ ‫ﺳِﻠﻴﻢ اﻟ ِّﻨﻴﺔ‬

well-intentioned

‫ﺷَﻜَﺮ‬ َ (u)

to thank, be grateful

ِ ‫ﺷﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﺳﻦّ اﻟ ُّﺮ‬

age of reason

‫ﺷْﻜﺮ‬ ُ

gratitude

‫ﺨَﻠﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺳْﻬﻞ اﻟ‬ َ

easy-going, obliging

‫ﺷْﻜﺮًا‬ ُ

thank you!

‫ﻈ‬ ّ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺳﻮء اﻟ‬ ُ

bad luck, misfortune

‫ﺟﺐ‬ ِ ‫ﺷْﻜﺮَ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻮا‬ ُ ‫ﻻ‬

you’re welcome!

‫ﺨَﻠﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺳﻮء اﻟ‬ ُ

ill nature

‫ﺴﻞ‬ ْ ‫ﺷْﻬﺮ اﻟَﻌ‬ َ

honeymoon

ُّ ‫ﺳﻮء اﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﺴُﻠﻮك‬

misbehaviour

‫ﺷْﻬﻮة‬ َ

lust

‫ﺳﻮء اﻟَﻔْﻬﻢ‬ ُ

misunderstanding

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺷْﻬﻮاِﻧ‬ ُ

sensuous, lascivious

‫ﺳﻮء اﻟُﻤﻌﺎَﻣﻠﺔ‬ ُ

mistreatment

‫ﺷُﻴﻮﺧﺔ‬ َ

old age

youth, young man

‫ﺻَﺒَﺮ‬ َ (i)

to be patient

‫ﺻْﺒﺮ‬ َ

patience

‫ﺻُﺒﻮر‬ َ

patient

‫ﺻﺪاﻗﺔ‬ َ

friendship

‫ق‬ َ ‫ﺻَﺪ‬ َ (u)

to tell the truth

َ ‫ق‬ َ ‫ﺻ َّﺪ‬

to believe, consider true

‫ﺻِﺪﻳﻖ‬ َ

friend

‫ب‬ ّ ‫ﺷﺎ‬ ُ , ‫ﺷﺒﺎب‬ َ pl. ‫ﺷَﺒﺎن‬ ‫ﺷﺎِرد اﻟِﻔْﻜﺮ‬

absent-minded

‫ﺸِﺒﻴﺒﺔ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

youth, young people

‫ﺠﻦ‬ َ ‫ﺷ‬ َ

anxiety, distress

‫ﺼﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺨ‬ ْ ‫ﺷ‬ َ

personality

‫ﺷْﺮُﻣﻮﻃﺔ‬ َ

whore

‫ﺷَﻌَﺮ‬ َ (u)

1. to perceive, sense 2. to realize

ِ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺪﻗﺎُء‬ ‫ﺻﺮاﺣﺔ‬ َ

‫ﺷُﻌﻮر‬ ُ

awareness, perception

ُّ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸُﻌﻮر ﺑﺎﻟ َّﻨْﻔﺲ‬

self-consciousness

‫ﺻِﺮﻳﺢ‬ َ َ‫ﺻ‬ ُ , ‫ﺻﺮاﺋﺢ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺮﺣﺎء‬

compassion, kindness, tenderness

َ ‫ﺻ َّﻤﻢَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﺷُﻔﻮق‬ َ

kind, tender, compassionate

‫ﺷﻘﺎوة‬ َ

‫ﺴّﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﺻِﻐﻴﺮ اﻟ‬ َ

mischief, naughtiness

‫ﺷَﻔﻘﺔ‬ َ

‫ﺷِﻘﻲ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺷِﻘﻴﺎء‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺷِﻘﻴﻖ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺷﱠﻘﺔ‬ ِ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺷﱠﻘﺎء‬ ِ ‫أ‬

‫ﺻْﻬﺮ‬ ِ

naughty

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺻﻬﺎر‬ full brother (as opposed to half-brother)

ِ ‫ﺻﻮرة َﻧَﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻄ َّﻴﺔ‬ pl. -‫ﻮر‬ َ‫ﺻ‬ ُ

frankness, openness frank, open

to be determined to do s.thing young 1. brother-in law (sister’s husband) 2. son-in-law stereotypical image

THE FAMILY, HUMAN RELATIONS AND EMOTIONS

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺿﺎَﻳ‬ ‫ﺿّﺮ‬ َ

to annoy, irritate 1. harm 2. disadvantage

‫ﺿَﺮاء‬ َ

adversity

‫ﺿُﺮورة‬ َ

necessity

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺿُﺮوِر‬ َ

necessary

َ ‫ﺤﻴﺎة‬ َ ‫ﺿُﺮوِر َّﻳﺎت اﻟ‬

necessities of life

‫ﺿِﻐﻴﻨﺔ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺿﻐﺎﺋ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻦ‬

‫ﻃُﻤﻮح‬ َ

ambitious

‫ﻃُﻤﻮح‬ ُ

ambition

‫ﻃﻴﺒﺔ‬ ِ

goodness

‫ﻃْﻴﺶ‬ َ

frivolity, recklessness

‫ﻇْﺮف‬ َ

elegance, grace

‫ﻇِﺮﻳﻒ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺮﻓﺎء‬ َ‫ﻇ‬ ُ ,‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫ﻇﺮاﺋ‬ َ

nice, charming

َ (u) ‫ﻇ َّﻦ‬

to think, believe

‫ﻇَﻬَﺮ‬ َ (u)

to appear, seem

‫ﻋﺎِﺑﺲ‬

sullen, grim

‫ﻋﺎِدي‬

usual, normal

to impress

(‫ﺷﻖ )ة‬ ِ ‫ﻋﺎ‬

lover

nature, character

‫ﻃﻒ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﺎ‬

affectionate, loving

‫ﻃﺮَأ‬ َ (a)

to happen to s.o.

‫ﻃﻔﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻃﻒ‬ ِ ‫َﻋﻮا‬

2. emotion

‫ﻃْﺮﺣﺔ اﻟَﻌُﺮوﺳﺔ‬ َ

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃِﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﺎ‬

emotional, sentimental

bridal veil

‫ﻋﺎِﻗﻞ‬

intelligent

َ ‫ﻋﺎَﻛ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

to tease old spinster

‫ﺿﻴﺎﻓﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺿْﻴﻒ‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﺿُﻴﻮف‬ ‫ﻃَﺒَﻊ‬ َ (a) ‫ﻃْﺒﻊ‬ َ ِ pl. ‫ﻃﺒﺎع‬

‫ﻃْﻔﻞ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﻃﻔﺎل‬ ْ ‫أ‬

rancour, grudge

hospitality guest

baby, infant

‫ﻃﻔﻮﻟﺔ‬ ُ

childhood

‫ﻋﺎِﻧﺲ‬

‫ﻃﻼق‬ َ

divorce

pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻮاِﻧ‬

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﻃَﻠ‬ َ (u)

to get a divorce (woman)

َ ‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﻃَّﻠ‬

to divorce, repudiate (one’s wife)

1. affection

‫إﻟﻰ‬/‫ﻋﺎﺋﺪ ل‬

belonging to

‫ﻋﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬

family

‫ِﻋﺘﺎب‬

reprimand

‫ﻃِﻠﻴﻘﺔ‬ َ

repudiated wife

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ َّ ‫َﻋ‬

to amaze, astonish

َ ‫ﻃ َّﻤﺎع‬

greedy

‫ﺠﺮَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ َ ‫( َﻋ‬i)

to be incapable of

1. greed

‫ﺠﻞ‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬

haste

‫ﻃَﻤﻊ‬ َ

َ 2. see ‫ﻃﻤﻮح‬ َ ‫ﻃ َّﻤَﻦ‬

to calm, appease

‫ﺠﻮز‬ ُ ‫َﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﺠﺎﺋﺰ‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬, ‫ﺠﺰ‬ ُ ‫ُﻋ‬

1. old man 2. old

57

58

THE FAMILY, HUMAN RELATIONS AND EMOTIONS brother-in-law (sister’s

‫ﻄﻮف‬ ُ ‫َﻋ‬

compassionate

husband)

modesty, chastity

ُّ ‫َﻋِﺪﻳﻢ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸُﻌﺰر‬

‫ِﻋ َّﻔﺔ‬

insensitive

‫َﻋْﻔِﻮّﻳﺔ‬

spontaneity

‫( َﻋَﺬَر‬i)

to excuse s.o.

‫( َﻋَﻘَﻞ‬i)

to be reasonable

excuse

‫َﻋْﻘِﻠ َّﻴﺔ‬

mindset, mentality

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻋْﻘﻼِﻧ‬

rational

‫َﻋْﻘﻼِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬

reason, rationality

‫َﻋْﻘَﻠَﻦ‬

to rationalize

‫َﻋْﻘَﻠَﻨﺔ‬

rationalization

‫َﻋّﻢ‬

paternal uncle

‫َﻋِﺪﻳﻞ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﺪاﺋﻞ‬ َ

‫ُﻋْﺬر‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﺬار‬ ‫َﻋْﺬراء‬ َ ‫َﻋﺬا‬ pl. ‫رى‬ ‫َﻋ َّﺮفَ إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ِﻋْﺮق‬ pl. ‫ﺮوق‬ ُ ‫ُﻋ‬ ‫َﻋُﺮوﺳﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻋﺮاﺋﺲ‬ ‫اﻟَﻌُﺮوﺳﺎن‬ ‫َﻋِﺮﻳﺲ‬ pl. ‫ﺮس‬ ُ ‫ُﻋ‬ ‫َﻋﺰاء‬ ‫َﻋَﺰب‬ ّ ‫ُﻋ‬, ‫أْﻋﺰاب‬ pl. ‫ﺰاب‬ ‫ُﻋْﺰﺑﺔ‬ ‫( َﻋَﺰمَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬i)

virgin

to introduce s.o. to race, stock

bride

ُ , ‫أْﻋﻤﺎم‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺔ‬ ‫َﻋَّﻤﺔ‬

paternal aunt

the bride and groom

‫ِﻋﻨﺎد‬

stubbornness

groom

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫َﻋَّﻨ‬

to reprimand

‫َﻋِﻨﻴﺪ‬

stubborn

comfort, consolation

ُ pl. ‫ﻋُﻨﺪ‬

bachelor

‫( ﻏﺎَر‬a)

bachelorhood, celibacy

‫َﻏَﺮض‬ pl. ‫ﻏﺮاض‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to be determined to do s.thing

to be jealous see ‫ﻫﺪف‬

‫ﻏﺎَزَل‬

to flirt

‫ﻏﺎٍو‬

seducer

‫َﻋَﺰى‬

to offer one’s condolences

‫َﻏﺮام‬

infatuation

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ ِ ‫( َﻋ‬a)

to love passionately

‫َﻏﺮاِﻣﻴﺎت‬

romances, adventures

‫ﺸﻖ‬ ْ ‫ِﻋ‬

passion

‫ُﻏُﺮور‬

vanity

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺼِﺒ‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬

nervous

َ ‫َﻋ‬ ‫ﺼِﺒ َّﻴﺔ‬

nervousness

‫َﻏِﺮﻳﺐ‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ُﻏَﺮﺑﺎء‬ pl. ‫ﻏﺮاب‬

‫ﺼﻰ‬ َ ‫( َﻋ‬i)

to disobey

‫ﻀَﺪ‬ َ ‫( َﻋ‬u)

to support, assist

‫ُﻏُﺮور‬

vanity

َّ ‫َﻋ‬ ‫ﻄَﻞ‬

to interrupt

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﻀ‬ ِ ‫( َﻏ‬a)

to be angry

‫َﻏِﺮﻳﺰة‬

stranger

1. natural disposition 2. instinct

THE FAMILY, HUMAN RELATIONS AND EMOTIONS

‫ﻀﺐ‬ ْ ‫َﻏ‬

anger

‫ﺻﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻗﺎ‬

minor, legally under age

‫ﻀﺒﺎن‬ ْ ‫َﻏ‬

angry

‫َﻗ َّﺒَﻞ‬

to kiss

‫( َﻏَﻔَﺮ‬i)

to forgive, pardon

‫ُﻗْﺒﻠﺔ‬

kiss

‫َﻏْﻔﺮ‬

forgiveness, pardon

َ ‫( َﻗَﺪ‬a) ‫ح‬

to reproach, rebuke

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫ﻀﺒﺎ‬ ِ ‫َﻏْﻴﺮ ِاْﻧ‬

undisciplined

‫َﻗ َّﺪَر‬

to appreciate, value

‫َﻏْﻴﺮ َﻣْﻌُﻘﻮل‬

unreasonable

‫َﻗِﺮﻳﺐ‬

relative (n.)

‫َﻏْﻴﺮ ُﻣﺒﺎٍل‬

indifferent

‫َﻏْﻴﺮة‬

jealousy

‫َﻓﺘﺎة‬ pl. ‫َﻓَﺘﻴﺎت‬

young girl

ِ ‫أْﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﺮﺑﺎُء‬ ‫َﻗﺴﺎوة‬

cruelty

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺼِﺪ‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬

intentional

‫َﻗَﻠﻖ‬

anxiety, worry

‫َﻓ َّﺘﺶَ َﻋﻦ‬

to look for

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫( َﻗِﻠ‬a)

to be uneasy, anxious

‫َﻓ َّﺮجَ ﻋﻦ‬

to comfort

‫ﻛﺎِذب‬

liar

‫ح‬ َ ‫( َﻓِﺮ‬a)

to be happy

‫َﻛُﺘﻮم‬

secretive, discreet

ْ ‫ُﻓ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﺎن اﻟَّﺰﻓﺎف‬

wedding dress

‫َﻛ َّﺬاب‬

inveterate liar

‫ﺸﺎر‬ َّ ‫َﻓ‬

braggart

‫ب‬ َ ‫( َﻛَﺬ‬i)

to lie, deceive

‫ﺸَﺮ‬ َ ‫( َﻓ‬u)

to brag, boast

‫ِﻛْﺬب‬

lie

favour, service

‫َﻛﺮاﻣﺔ‬

‫ﻀﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﻓ‬ pl. ‫أْﻓﻀﺎل‬

inquisitive, curious

‫ﻀﻴﻠﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻓ‬

merit, virtue

ُ ‫َﻓﻀﺎﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻄﻦ‬ ِ ‫َﻓ‬

smart, clever

‫ﻈﻴﻊ‬ ِ ‫َﻓ‬

horrible

‫ُﻓﻜﺎِﻫﻲ‬

humorous

‫ﻗﺎَﺑَﻞ‬ ‫س‬ ٍ ‫ﻗﺎ‬ pl. ‫ُﻗﺴﺎة‬

1. dignity, self-respect 2. generosity

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻀﻮِﻟ‬ ُ ‫ُﻓ‬

‫ِﻓْﻜﺮة‬ pl. ‫ﻜﺮ‬ َ ‫ِﻓ‬

59

thought

to meet cruel

‫َﻛِﺮﻳﻢ‬ pl. ‫ﺮﻣﺎُء‬ َ ‫ُﻛ‬

generous

‫( َﻛِﺮَه‬a)

to hate, dislike

‫َﻛْﺮه‬

hatred, dislike

‫َﻛ َّﻨﺔ‬

daughter-in-law

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻻأﻧﺎﻧ‬

altruistic

‫ﻻأﻧﺎِﱠﻧﻴﺔ‬

altruism

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻻإْﻧﺴﺎِﻧ‬

inhuman(e)

‫ﺷُﻌﻮر‬ ُ ‫اﻟﻼ‬

the subconscious

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺷُﻌﻮِر‬ ُ ‫ﻻ‬

unconscious, subconscious

ُ ‫َﻛﻨﺎﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬

60

THE FAMILY, HUMAN RELATIONS AND EMOTIONS

‫( ﻻَم‬u)

to blame

‫ُﻣَﺘﺴﺎِﻣﺢ‬

lenient, tolerant

‫ﻻُﻣﺒﺎﻻة‬

indifference

‫ُﻣَﺘﺸﺎﺋﻢ‬

pessimist

‫ﻻُﻳْﻐَﻔُﺮ‬

unforgivable

‫ُﻣَﺘَﻌ َّﻮد ﻋﻠﻰ‬

accustomed to

reproach, rebuke

‫ُﻣَﺘﻔﺎﺋﻞ‬

‫ﻻﺋﻤﺔ‬ ُ ‫َﻟﻮاﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ‫( َﻟﱠﺞ‬a) ‫ﻄﻴﻒ‬ ِ ‫َﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﻄﻔﺎُء‬ َ ‫ُﻟ‬, ‫ِﻟﻄﺎف‬ ‫َﻟَﻘﺐ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ َ ‫( َﻟِﻘ‬a) ‫ﺲ‬ َ ‫( َﻟَﻤ‬i, u) (‫ِﻟﻮاط )ة‬

1. optimistic 2. optimist

to persist, persevere

‫ُﻣَﺘَﻔ َّﻮق‬

outstanding

kind, gentle

‫ُﻣَﺘَﻜِّﺒﺮ‬

arrogant, haughty

‫ُﻣَﺘَﻜ َّﻠﻒ‬

affected, artificial

1. family name, surname

‫ُﻣَﺘَﻠِّﻬﻒ‬

impatient

2. nickname

‫ُﻣَﺘَﻤ َّرد‬

rebellious, recalcitrant

‫ُﻣَﺘﻨﺎِﻗﺾ‬

contradictory

‫ﺿﻊ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣَﺘﻮا‬

humble

‫ﺣﺪ‬ ‫ُﻣَﺘَﻮ ﱢ‬

lonely

‫ُﻣﺜﺎَﺑَﺮة‬

tenacity

1. to find 2. see ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ to touch (male) homosexuality, sodomy

‫ﻰ‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫ُﻟﻮ‬

(male) homosexual sodomite

‫ُﻣِﺜﻴﺮ‬

exciting

‫ِﻟﻴﺎﻗﺔ‬

propriety, decency

‫ُﻣﺠﺎِزف‬

reckless

‫ِﻟﻴﻠﺔ اﻟِّﺰﻓﺎف‬

wedding night

‫ُﻣﺠﺎَزﻓﺔ‬

recklessness

‫َﻣْﺄِزق‬

predicament

‫ﺳُﻦ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺤﺎ‬

good qualities

‫ﺨﻴﻒ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣ‬

frightening, fearful

‫ﺨَﺘِﻠﻒ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

different

‫ُﻣﺪاَﻫﻨﺔ‬

flattery, sycophancy

ُ ‫َﻣ|ﺎِز‬ pl. ‫ق‬ ‫َﻣﺄﺳﺎة‬

tragedy

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﻣﺄﺳﺎِو‬

tragic

‫ﻣﺎِﻛﺮ‬

cunning, sly

‫َﻣْﺪح‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﺪاح‬

‫ﻣﺄُﻟﻮف‬

familiar, accustomed

َ ‫( َﻣَﺪ‬a) ‫ح‬

to praise

‫َﻣﺘﺎِﻋﺐ‬

troubles, difficulties

‫ُﻣْﺪِﻫﺶ‬

astonishing

(‫ُﻣَﺘﺄِّﻛﺪ )ﻣﻦ‬

convinced (of)

‫َﻣْﺪُﻫﻮش‬

astonished

‫ُﻣَﺘِﺮِّدد‬

hesitant

‫ُﻣْﺬِﻫﻞ‬

amazing, baffling

‫ُﻣَﺘَﺰَّﻮج‬

married

‫ُﻣﺮاِﻫﻖ‬

adolescent

ٍ ‫|ﻣ|ﺎ‬ pl. ‫س‬

praise

THE FAMILY, HUMAN RELATIONS AND EMOTIONS

‫ُﻣﺮاَﻫَﻘﺔ‬

adolescence, puberty

‫َﻣﻜﺎن اﻟِﻤﻴﻼد‬

place of birth

‫ُﻣَﺮ َّﺑﻚ‬

confused, bewildered

‫( َﻣَﻜَﺮ‬u)

to deceive

‫ُﻣْﺮﺗﺎب‬

doubtful

‫َﻣْﻜﺮ‬

cunning, slyness

‫ُﻣْﺮﺗﺎح‬

comfortable

‫( َﻣّﻞ‬a)

to be bored

‫ض‬ ٍ ‫ُﻣْﺮ‬

satisfactory

‫َﻣﻼل‬

boredom

‫ﺴَﻚ‬ َ ‫( َﻣ‬u, i)

1. to hold

‫َﻣْﻠﺠﺄ اﻷﻳﺘﺎم‬

orphanage

‫ُﻣْﻠِﻬﻢ‬

inspirational

2. to grab, seize

‫ُﻣﺸﺎِﺑﻪ‬

similar

‫ُﻣﺸﺎَﺑﻬﺔ‬

resemblance

‫َﻣﺸﺎِﻋُﺮ‬

feelings

‫ُﻣْﻤﺘﺎز‬

outstanding, excellent

‫ﺸُﺒﻮه‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

suspicious

‫ُﻣْﻤِﺘﻊ‬

pleasant, enjoyable

‫ﺸُﻜﻮك ِﻓﻴِﻪ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

see ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺎب‬

‫ُﻣِﻤّﻞ‬

boring

‫ُﻣﺼﺎَدﻓﺔ‬

chance encounter

‫َﻣْﻤُﻨﻮن‬

indebted, grateful

‫ﺼِّﻤﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

determined (to do s.thing)

‫ُﻣﻀﺎَﻳَﻘﺔ‬

harassment, annoyance

‫ﻀﺾ‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬

agony

‫ﻀﺾ‬ َ ‫َﻋَﻠﻰ َﻣ‬

reluctantly

‫ُﻣﻌﺎَﻧﻘﺔ‬

embrace, hug

‫َﻣْﻌِﺮﻓﺔ‬

acquaintance

‫ُﻣَﻌَّﻘﺪ‬

complicated, complex

‫َﻣْﻌُﻘﻮل‬

reasonable

‫َﻣْﻌُﻘﻮِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

rationality

‫ُﻣِﻌﻴﻞ‬

breadwinner

‫َﻣْﻐُﺮور‬

vain

‫ُﻣْﺆٍذ‬

hurtful, offensive

‫ُﻣْﻐٍﺮ‬

tempting

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺿﻮِﻋ‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻮ‬

objective

‫ُﻣﻐﺎَزﻟﺔ‬

flirtation

‫ﺿﻮِﻋّﻴﺔ‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻮ‬

objectivity

‫ﺼﺪ‬ ِ ‫َﻣْﻘ‬

intention, goal

ُ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻘﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬

‫َﻣِﻠﻴﺢ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻼح‬ ِ , ‫أْﻣﻼح‬

‫ُﻣﻨﺎِﻓﻖ‬ ‫ُﻣﻨﺎِﻗﺾ‬

pleasant, agreeable, nice

hypocrite contradictory

‫َﻣْﻨِﺰﻟﺔ‬

status, standing

‫ﻀِﺒﻂ‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻨ‬

disciplined

َ ‫ُﻣْﻨ‬ (‫ﻄﻮٍ )ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟَّﻨْﻔﺲ‬

introverted, self-absorbed

‫ُﻣْﻨِﻌﺶ‬

refreshing, invigorating

‫ُﻣﻬﺎﻧﺔ‬

contempt, humiliation

‫ُﻣِﻬﻴﻦ‬

humiliating, degrading

‫َﻣْﻮُﺛﻮق‬

trustworthy

‫ﺟﺐ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣﻮ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫َﻣْﻮِﻋﺪ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻮاِﻋ‬

motive, reason

appointment, rendezvous

61

62

‫ِﻣﻴﺰة‬

THE FAMILY, HUMAN RELATIONS AND EMOTIONS peculiarity, distinguishing feature

‫َﻫَﺪف‬ pl. ‫ﻫﺪاف‬ ْ ‫َأ‬

see ‫ﻣﻮﻋﺪ‬

‫َﻫَّﻨﺄ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﻧﺎِدم‬

regretful, remorseful

‫َﻫْﻮن‬

‫َﻧﺒﺎﻫﺔ‬

intelligence

‫ُﻧْﺒﻪ‬

insight, acumen

‫ِﻣﻴﻌﺎد‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻮاِﻋﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﺪام‬ َّ ‫ُﻧ‬

‫َﻧِﺒﻴﻪ‬

intelligent, perspicacious

‫َﻧﺠﺎﺑﺔ‬

nobility, noble descent

‫ﺠﺐ‬ َ ‫َﻧ‬

noble

‫َﻧﺪاﻣﺔ‬

remorse, regret

‫ب‬ َ ‫( َﻧَﺪ‬u)

to mourn

‫ب‬ ِ َ‫َﻧ َّﺪد‬

see ‫اﻧﺘﻘﺪ‬

‫( َﻧِﺪمَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬a)

to regret

‫ﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ِ ‫( َﻧ‬i)

to forget

‫ﺴﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﻧ‬ pl. ‫أْﻧﺴﺎل‬

‫واِرث‬

to congratulate s.o. for (s.thing) disgrace, shame duty, obligation

heir

َ ‫َو‬, ‫ُوَراث‬ pl. ‫رﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫واِﻗِﻌ‬

pl. ‫ُﻧَﺒﻬﺎُء‬

‫ﺴﻴﺐ‬ ِ ‫َﻧ‬ pl. ‫أْﻧﺴﺎب‬

‫ﺟﺐ‬ ِ ‫وا‬ َ pl. ‫وﺟﺎﺋﺐ‬

aim, objective

‫واِﻟﺪ‬ pl. ‫( واِﻟﺪان‬dual)

realistic parent

‫ﻖ( ب‬ ُ ‫َوِﺛﻖَ )َﻳِﺜ‬

to trust (in)

(‫ﺠُﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﺟﺪَ )َﻳ‬ َ ‫َو‬

to find

‫ﺟﻴﻪ‬ ِ ‫َو‬ َ ‫ُو‬ pl. ‫ﺟﻬﺎء‬

2. notable

َ‫َو َّدع‬

to say goodbye

‫َوُدود‬

affectionate

2. lineage, descent

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َوِّد‬

friendly, amicable

offspring, descendant

‫ِوراﺛﺔ‬

inheritance

(‫ث‬ ُ ‫( َوِرثَ )ِﻳِﺮ‬a)

to inherit

1. kinship

1. eminent, distinguished

‫َﻧﺸﺎط‬

liveliness, energy

‫ث‬ َ ‫َو َّر‬

to bequeath

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻧﺸﻴﺪ َﻟْﻴِﻠ‬

serenade

‫َوﺳﺎﻣﺔ‬

gracefulness, charm

‫ﺸﻴﻂ‬ ِ ‫َﻧ‬

lively, energetic

‫ﺼْﺒﺮ‬ َّ ‫َﻧﻔﺎد اﻟ‬

impatience

‫ﺳﻴﻢ‬ ِ ‫َو‬ ِ , ‫ﺳﻤﺎُء‬ َ ‫ُو‬ pl. ‫وﺳﺎم‬

‫ِﻧﻔﺎق‬

hypocrisy

(‫َوَﻋﺪَ )َﻳِﻌُﺪ‬

to promise

‫( َﻧَّﻢ‬u)

to gossip

‫َوْﻋﺪ‬

promise

‫ِﻧﻴﺔ‬

see ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬

pl. ‫َﻧﻮاﻳﺎ‬

‫َﻫ َّﺪَد‬

to threaten

‫َوْﻏﺪ‬ pl. ‫وﻏﺎد‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ُوْﻏﺪان‬ ‫َوﻗﺎﺣﺔ‬

handsome

scoundrel

impudence, insolence

HOUSING AND CONSTRUCTION

‫َوِﻗﺢ‬

impudent, insolent

‫َوَﻟﺪ‬

1. boy

pl. ‫وﻻد‬ ْ‫أ‬

2. child

‫َوَﻟﺪ اﻷخ‬

nephew

illegitimate child

delusion

‫َﻳﺄس‬

despair

َ ‫( ﻳﺌ‬i, a) ‫ﺲ‬

to give up hope

‫َﻳِﺘﻴﻢ‬ pl. ‫أْﻳﺘﺎم‬, ‫ﻣﻰ‬ َ ‫َﻳﺘﺎ‬

‫ﺧﺖ‬ ْ ‫َوَﻟﺪ اُﻷ‬ ‫َوَﻟﺪ اﻟِّﺰﻧﺎء‬

‫َوْﻫﻢ‬ pl. ‫وﻫﺎم‬ ْ‫أ‬

63

orphan

‫َﻳْﻮم اﻟِّﺰﻓﺎف‬

wedding day

Housing and construction ‫أﺑﺎَد‬

to exterminate (e.g. rats)

‫ﺟَﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺳﺘﺄ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to rent

‫إﺑﺎدة‬

extermination (e.g. rats)

‫ﺳَﻔْﻠﺖ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

asphalt

‫إْﺑﻘﺎء‬

maintenance

‫ﺳَﻤْﻨﺖ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

cement

‫أﺛﺎث‬

furniture

‫إﺿﺎء‬

lighting

‫ﺚ‬ َ ‫أﱠﺛ‬

to furnish (house, etc.)

‫ﻃﻔﺄ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﺟَﺮ‬ َّ ‫أ‬

to rent out

‫ﺟّﺮ‬ َ ‫( آ‬coll.)

baked bricks

َ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻃﻞَّ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to look out on

ْ ‫إ‬ ‫ﺣَﺘَﺮس ﻣﻦ اﻟ َّﺪﻫﺎن‬

CAREFUL – FRESH PAINT

‫ﻃﻼل‬ ْ ‫أ‬

ruins, remains

‫ق‬ َ ‫ﺣَﺘَﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to burn

‫أْﻋﻤﺎل َﻣْﻨَﺰِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

household chores

kitchen utensil

‫إْﻓِﺮﻳﺰ اﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ‬

moulding

household effect

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫أْﻏَﻠ‬ َ‫أْﻗَﻔﻞ‬

‫أداَر‬

to switch on (appliance, etc.)

‫أْﻧُﺒﻮﺑﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫أﻧﺎِﺑﻴ‬

‫أْرض‬

floor, ground

‫ِاْﻧِﺘﻘﺎل‬

removal

‫أْرض ﺑﺎﻟِﺒﻨﺎء‬

building land

‫ِاْﻧَﺘَﻘﻞَ إﻟﻰ‬

to move (house)

foundation

‫ﺠﺮاف‬ ِ ‫ِاْﻧ‬

erosion

‫إﻳﺠﺎر‬

rent (money)

‫ﻄَﺒﺦ‬ ْ ‫أداة اﻟَﻤ‬ pl. - ‫دوات‬ َ‫أ‬ ‫أداة َﻣْﻨِﺰِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬ َ‫أ‬ pl. - ‫دوات‬

‫أﺳﺎس‬ pl. ‫ﺳﺲ‬ ُ ‫ُأ‬

1. to switch off (e.g. appliance) 2. to extinguish (fire)

to close, shut to lock pipe

64

‫ﺑﺎب‬ pl. ‫أْﺑﻮاب‬

HOUSING AND CONSTRUCTION door

‫ﺑﺎب َدَّوار‬

revolving door

‫َﺑَّﺮاد‬

fitter (machinery)

‫ِﺑْﺮﻛﺔ‬ َ ‫ِﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﺮك‬ ‫ِﺑْﺮواز‬ pl. ‫ﺰ‬ ُ ‫َﺑﺮاِوﻳ‬ ‫َﺑْﺮَوَز‬ ‫ِﺑﺴﺎط‬ ِ ‫أْﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﺴﻄﺔ‬

1. pond 2. pool frame (picture)

to frame carpet

‫ﺟﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫َﺗﺄ‬

renting out

َ‫َﺗﺄ َّﻛﻞ‬

to be eaten away, corroded

َ‫َﺗَﺒ َّﻠﻞ‬

to be(come) wet

‫َﺗْﺪﻓﺌﺔ‬

heating

‫َﺗﺪﻓﺌﺔ َﻣْﺮَﻛِﺰ َّﻳﺔ‬

central heating

‫ُﺗﺮاب‬ ِ ‫أْﺗ‬ pl. ‫ﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ِﺗْﺮﺑﺎس‬

dust, earth

bolt (door, window)

pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َﺗﺮاِﺑﻴ‬

َ ‫َﺗْﺮَﺑ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

to bolt (door)

gardener

‫َﺗْﺮِﻣﻴﻢ‬

renovation, restoration

blanket, duvet

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺴ ُّﺮب‬

leakage

‫( َﺑَّﻞ‬u)

to wet

‫ﺼِﻤﻴﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬ ِ ‫َﺗﺼﺎ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﻣﻴﻢ‬

‫َﺑﻼﻃﺔ‬

1. floor tile

‫س‬ َ ‫َﺗَﻜ َّﺪ‬

to pile, heap up

2. flagstone

‫ﺴﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻜ‬

wainscoting, panelling

to pave

‫َﺗْﻤِﻠﻴﻚ‬

conveyance of property

‫ُﺛْﻘﺐ‬

hole (drilled)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺴﺘﺎِﻧ‬ ْ ‫ُﺑ‬ ‫ﻄﺎِﻧﻴﺔ‬ ّ ‫َﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﻃﻴ‬ ِ ‫َﺑﻄﺎ‬, ‫ات‬-

‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫َﺑ َّﻠ‬ ‫ِﺑﻨﺎء‬ pl. ‫أْﺑِﻨﻴﺔ‬

building (construction)

design

pl. ‫ُﺛُﻘﻮب‬

‫َﺑَّﻨﺎء‬

bricklayer, mason

‫ِﺑﻨﺎﻳﺔ‬

building (structure)

‫ﺟﺎر‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺟﻴﺮان‬

‫( َﺑَﻨﻰ‬i)

to build

‫ﺟﺎَوَر‬

to adjoin

bath-tub

َ َ ‫ﺟَّﺒ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

to plaster

‫ﺟْﺒﺲ‬ ِ

gypsum, plaster of Paris

‫َﺑْﻨُﻴﻮ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫َﺑْﻬﻮ‬

hall

‫ﺟﺪار‬ ِ ْ‫ﺟ‬ ُ , ‫ﺟْﺪران‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺪر‬

doorman house

‫ﺟِﺪﻳﺪ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺪد‬ ُ‫ﺟ‬ ُ

furnishing

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺟﺮاس‬

pl. ‫أْﺑﻬﺎء‬

‫َﺑ َّﻮاب‬ ‫َﺑْﻴﺖ‬ pl. ‫ُﺑﻴﻮت‬ ‫َﺗﺄِﺛﻴﺚ‬

‫ﺟَﺮس‬ َ

neighbour

wall

new

bell

HOUSING AND CONSTRUCTION

‫س‬ َ ‫ﺟَﺮ‬ َ (i)

to ring (the bell)

‫ﺴﻴﻢ‬ ِ ‫ﺟ‬ َ

large, significant

pl. ‫ﺟﺴﺎم‬ ِ

‫ﺲ‬ َ ‫ﺟَﻠ‬ َ (i)

to sit

‫ﺟْﻤﺮ‬ ُ

live coal, embers

‫ﺟﻨﺎح‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺟِﻨﺤﺔ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺤِﺮﻳﻖ‬ َ ‫ﻃﻔﺎء اﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﺟﻬﺎز إ‬ ِ pl. - ‫ﻬﺰة‬ ِ‫ﺟ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟﻬﺎز َﻣْﻨَﺰِﻟ‬ ِ َ ‫ﺟِﻬﺰة َﻣْﻨ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺰِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

wing (house)

fire extinguisher

‫ﺣِﺪﻳﻘﺔ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺣﺪاﺋ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻖ‬

65 garden

‫ﺸﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

1. stuffing (e.g. cushions)

pl. ‫ات‬-

2. panel

‫ﺣِﺮﻳﻖ‬ َ َ pl. ‫ﺣﺮاﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﺼﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺼﻮن‬ ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ُ ‫ﻄﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

fire

fortress

firewood

pl. ‫ﺣﻄﺎب‬ ْ ‫أ‬ household appliance

َ ‫ﺣَّﻔﺎر اﻟُﻘُﺒﻮر‬ َ ‫ﺣ َّﻤﺎم‬

gravedigger 1. bathroom

‫ﺟْﻬﺪ‬ َ

tension, voltage

‫ﺟﻬﺪ ﻋﺎٍل‬

high tension

‫ﺴﺒﺎﺣﺔ‬ ِّ ‫ﺣﻤﺎم اﻟ‬ َ

swimming pool

َ ‫ﺟ َّﻬَﺰ‬

to fit out

َ ‫ﺣَﻨِﻔ َّﻴﺔ‬

tap (water)

‫ﺟﻮار‬ ِ

neighbourhood

‫ﺟﺰ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺎ‬

partition

‫ﺣْﻮش‬ َ pl. ‫ﺣﻮاش‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺣﻴﺸﺎن‬ ِ

‫ﺣﺎّد‬

sharp

‫ﺣﺎِوﻳﺔ‬

container

‫ﺣﺎﺋﻂ‬ pl. ‫ﺣﻴﻄﺎن‬ ِ ‫ﺤِﺮﻳﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺣﺎﺋﻂ َﻋْﺰل اﻟ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺋﻞ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫ﺣﻮاﺋ‬ َ ‫ﺣْﺒﻞ‬ َ ِ pl. ‫ﺣﺒﺎل‬

see ‫ﺟﺪار‬

fire wall folding screen

rope

2. bath

‫ﺣْﻮض‬ َ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺣﻮاض‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺑﺌﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺧﻮاﺑﻰُء‬ ‫ﺧﺎِدم‬ pl. ‫ﺪام‬ َ‫ﺧ‬ ُ

enclosure

1. basin 2. reservoir vat

servant

َ ‫ﺧ َّﺮاط‬

lathe-turner

‫ﺧْﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ‬ َ

concrete

‫ط‬ َ ‫ﺧَﺮ‬ َ (i, u)

to turn (lathe)

‫ﻃﻮم‬ ُ ‫ﺧْﺮ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫ﻃﻴ‬ ِ ‫ﺧﺮا‬ َ

hose

َ ‫ﺠﺎر‬ َّ ‫ﺣ‬

stonemason

‫ﺨﻔﺎف‬ َ ‫ﺠﺮ اﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

pumice stone

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺠﺮ َرْﻣِﻠ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

sandstone

َ ‫ﺧَّﺰان‬ ُ ‫ﺧﺰاِزﻳ‬ َ , ‫ات‬pl. ‫ﻦ‬

‫ﺣﺠﺮ اﻟَّﺰاِوﻳﺔ‬

cornerstone

‫ﺧﺰان اﻟُﻮُﻗﻮد‬

fuel tank

َ ‫ﺣ َّﺪاد‬

blacksmith

‫ﺧَﺰف‬ َ

pottery

storage tank, reservoir

66

‫ﺧْﺰﻧﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺸﺒﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺧﺸﺎب‬ ‫ﺧِﻔﻴﺮ‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﺧَﻔﺮاُء‬ ‫ﺧْﻴﺸﺔ‬ َ ِ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺧَﻴﺶ‬

HOUSING AND CONSTRUCTION safe (storage)

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫َر َّﺗ‬

to tidy

plank, board

‫ِرﺟﺎل اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻓﺊ‬

fire brigade

‫ﺟﻞ اﻟَﻤﻄﺎﻓﺊ‬ ُ ‫َر‬

fireman

‫( َرَدَم‬i, u)

to fill up with earth

‫َر َّدَم‬

to repair

‫َرْدﻫﺔ‬

entrance hall

watchman

straw mattress

‫َدْﺑﺶ‬

rubblestone

‫ﺳِﺘْﻘﺒﺎل‬ ْ ‫ردﻫﺔ اِﻻ‬

reception hall

‫َدراَﺑِﺰﻳﻦ‬

railing, bannister

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻄ‬ ِ ‫ﻄﻴ‬ ِ ‫ﺨ‬ ْ ‫ﺳﻢ َﺗ‬ ْ ‫َر‬

rough draft, design

drawer

‫( َر ﱠ‬u) ‫ش‬

to spray

‫ﺷَﺢ‬ َ ‫( َر‬a)

to leak

‫ﺷﺢ‬ ْ ‫َر‬

leak

‫ُدْرج‬ ْ‫أ‬ pl. ‫دراج‬ ‫َدَرج‬

staircase

ْ‫أ‬ pl. ‫دراج‬ ‫ﺟﺔ‬ َ ‫َدَر‬

step (stairs)

‫ِدﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬

prop, support

ُ ‫َدﻋﺎﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬

‫ف‬ ّ ‫َر‬ ُ pl. ‫رُﻓﻮف‬ ‫ُرْﻛﻦ‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ُرُﻛﻮن‬ pl. ‫رﻛﺎن‬

shelf

1. support, buttress 2. corner, nook

‫( َدَﻓَﻊ‬a)

to push

‫( َرﱠم‬u, i)

to repair, overhaul

‫ق‬ ‫( َد ﱠ‬u)

to knock (on the door)

‫َرَّﻣَﻢ‬

to restore, to renovate

bench

‫( َرﻣﻰ‬i)

to throw away

‫ِد َّﻛﺔ‬ َ ‫ِد‬ pl. ‫ﻛﻚ‬ ‫َدْﻟﻮ‬

bucket

ِ pl. ‫دﻻء‬ ‫َدﱠﻫﺎن‬

house painter

‫( َدَﻫَﻦ‬u)

to paint

‫َدْور‬ pl. ‫دوار‬ ْ‫أ‬ ‫َدْورة اﻟِﻤﻴﺎه‬ ‫ُدوش‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ُدوﻻب‬ ُ ‫َدَوِﻟﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬

see ‫ﻃﺒﻘﺔ‬

lavatory shower

cupboard

‫زاِوﻳﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫زواﻳﺎ‬

corner, nook

‫َزﺑﺎﻟﺔ‬

see ‫ﻗﻤﺎﻣﺔ‬

‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫َزﱠﻓ‬

to asphalt

‫ِزْﻓﺖ‬

pitch

‫ُزَﻟْﻴﺞ‬

ornamental tile

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫َزَّﻳ‬

to creak (hinge)

‫ﺳﺘﺎرة‬ ِ َ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﺘﺎﺋ‬

curtain

‫ﺳﺘﺎﺋﺮ َﻣْﻌَﺪِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬

Venetian blinds

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ (a)

to pull

HOUSING AND CONSTRUCTION

َ ‫ﺻﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﺪاد اﻟ َّﺘْﻮ‬ ‫ﺠﺎدة‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫ﺟﻴ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﺠﺎ‬ َ َّ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺨﺎن‬ ُ ‫ﺳْﺮداب‬ ِ ِ ‫ﺳَﺮ‬ َ pl. ‫دﻳﺐ‬

plug (el.)

‫ﺷَﺒﺎك‬ ُ

carpet

ُ ‫ﺷﺒﺎِﺑﻴ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻚ‬

boiler

‫ﺷﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺷْﺮ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺷ‬ ِ ‫ﺷﺮا‬ َ pl. ‫ﻒ‬

cellar, basement

‫ﺷِﺮﻛﺔ إﻳﺠﺎر‬ َ

rental company

‫ﺷِﺮﻛﺔ اﻟِﺒﻨﺎء‬ َ

construction company

‫ﺳِﺮﻳﺮ‬ َ bed pl. ‫ﺮة‬ َ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺳُﺮر‬ ُ , ‫ﺳﺮاﻳﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﺮ ُﻣْﺰَدِوج‬ ‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﺮ َﻓْﺮِد‬

double bed single bed

‫ﻖ‬ ّ ‫ﺷ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺷُﻘﻮق‬ ُ ‫ﺷَﻘﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺷْﻤﻌﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻤﻮع‬ ُ ‫ﺷ‬ ُ

‫ﺳْﻌﺪاﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﺎب‬ َ

door knob

‫ﺳﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬ َ

‫ﺷْﻤَﻌﺪان‬ َ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫ﺷﻤﺎِﻋ‬ َ

scaffolding 1. roof 2. ceiling

‫ﺳَﻜَﻦ‬ َ (u)

to reside, dwell

‫ﺻﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻠﻚ اﻟَّﺘْﻮ‬

lead (el.)

َ ‫ﺳ َّﻠﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺳﻼل‬ ِ

basket

wastepaper basket

ُ ‫ﺳَّﻠﻢ‬

stairs

pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﻼِﻟﻴ‬ َ , ‫ﺳﻼِﻟُﻢ‬ َ

‫ﺤِّﺮك‬ َ ‫ﺳﻠﻢ ُﻣَﺘ‬ ‫ﺳﻮر‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺳﻮار‬ ْ ‫أ‬

enclosing wall

‫ﺳﻴﺎج‬ ِ fence pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﻮﺟﺔ‬ ِ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺳﻴﺎج‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺷﺎِﻟﻴﻪ‬

chalet

‫ﺷﺎَﻫَﺮ‬

to rent by the month

fissure, crack

flat

candle

candlestick

corrugated iron

َ ‫ﺻَّﺒَﻦ‬

to soap

‫ﺤﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺻ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺤﻮن‬ ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ُ ُ ‫ﺻ َّﻔﺔ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺻَﻔﻒ‬

‫ﺻْﻨُﺪوق‬ ُ ُ ‫ﺻﻨﺎِد‬ َ pl. ‫ق‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪوق اﻟُﻘﻤﺎﻣﺔ‬

escalator

bedsheet

َ ‫ﺻﺎج ُﻣ‬ ‫ﻀ َّﻠﻊ‬

‫ﺻَﻘَﻞ‬ َ (u)

‫ﺤَﻤﻼت‬ ْ ‫ﺳﻠﺔ اﻟُﻤ‬

window

pl. ‫ﺷَﻘﻖ‬ ُ

‫ﻄﺢ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ َ (flat) roof pl. ‫ﻄﻮح‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ , ‫ﻄﺤﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﻄﺢ‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﺳْﻘﻒ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺳُﻘﻮف‬ ُ , ‫ﺳُﻘﻒ‬ ُ , ‫ﺳُﻘﻒ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

67

courtyard

moulding, ledge

to polish, burnish box, chest

dustbin

‫ﺻﻮرة‬ ُ َ‫ﺻ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻮر‬

2. photograph

‫ﺠﻴﺞ‬ ِ ‫ﺿ‬ َ

noise, din

‫ﺿِﺮﻳﺢ‬ َ َ , ‫ﺿِﺮﺣﺔ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺿﺮاﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﻃﺎِﺑﻖ‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬ ُ ‫ﻃﻮاِﺑ‬ َ

1. picture

mausoleum

see ‫ﻃﺒﻘﺔ‬

68

HOUSING AND CONSTRUCTION

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺿ‬ ِ ‫ﻃﺎﺑﻖ أْر‬

ground floor

‫ﻃﺎُوﻟﺔ‬

table

َ ‫ﻃ َّﺒﺔ‬

stopper, plug

‫ﻃَﺒَﻘﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻃﺒﺎق‬ ِ ‫ﻃِﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟِﺒﻨﺎء‬ َ ‫ﻃْﻘﻢ‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﻃُﻘﻮم‬

floor, storey

building style service (e.g. china)

‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ اﻷﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺠُﻠﻮس‬ ُ ‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ اﻟ‬

bedroom

‫ِﻏﻄﺎء‬

lid, cover

pl. ‫ﻄﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫أْﻏ‬

َ ‫ﻏﻄﺎء اﻟِﻤ‬ ‫ﺨَّﺪة‬

pillow case

‫ﻓﺎُﻧﻮس‬

lantern

pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َﻓﻮاِﻧﻴ‬

‫( َﻓَﺘَﺢ‬i) to coat, overlay

َ ‫ﻃَﻠﻰ ِﺑﺎﻟ َّﺬَﻫﺐ‬

to gild

‫ﻃﻮم‬ ُ ‫ﺨْﺮ‬ ُ ‫ُﻓْﺘﺤﺔ اﻟ‬

‫ﻃَﻠﻰ ِﺑﺎﻟَﻜْﻬِﺮﺑﺎء‬ َ

to galvanize

pl. ‫ُﻓَﺘﺢ‬, ‫ات‬-

‫ﻃﻼء‬ ِ

coat (e.g. paint)

‫ﻄَﻦ‬ َ ‫ﻃْﻨ‬ َ

to ring, tinkle (bell)

‫ﻃّﻮاب‬ َ

pl. ‫ﺮش‬ ُ ‫ُﻓ‬

brickmaker

‫ُﻓْﺮﺷﺎة‬

‫ﻃﻮب‬ ُ (coll.)

bricks

‫ﺣَﻤﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻃﻮب أ‬

baked bricks

‫ﺴﻴﺢ‬ ِ ‫َﻓ‬ pl. ‫ِﻓﺴﺎح‬

doorpost

lounge

‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ اﻟ َّﻨْﻮم‬

‫ﻃَﻠﻰ‬ َ (i)

‫ﻋﺎِرﺿﺔ‬ pl. ‫ض‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻮاِر‬

dining room

1. to open 2. to switch on (e.g. tv) hose nozzle

‫ﺨﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﻓ‬

stately

‫ِﻓﺮاش‬

mattress

‫ﻀﻠﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻓ‬

brush spacious

waste

َ ‫َﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﻀﻼت‬

‫ﻋﺎِزل‬

insulator (el.)

‫ِﻓﻴﻼ‬

villa

‫َﻋَﺘﺒﺔ‬

threshold

‫ﺣِﺘﺮاق‬ ْ ‫ﻼ‬ ِ ‫ﻗﺎِﺑﻞ ﻟ‬

flammable

‫َﻋَّﺪاد‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫َﻋَﺮﻗﺔ‬ ‫َﻋﻘﺎر‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ِﻋﻤﺎرة‬ pl. ‫ﺮ ات‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻤﺎﺋ‬ ‫َﻋُﻤﻮد‬

counter, meter

transom real estate, property

see ‫ﺑﻨﺎء‬

column

ِ ‫أْﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﻤﺪة‬ ‫ُﻏْﺮﻓﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻏ‬ pl. ‫ﺮف‬

‫ﻗﺎِﻋﺪة‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻮاِﻏ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎَﻟﺐ‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻮاِﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬

1. groundwork 2. pedestal, base shoe tree

main support

pl. ‫ُ َﻗﻮاﺋﻢ‬.

‫( َﻗَﺒَﺮ‬i, u)

to bury

‫َﻗْﺒﺮ‬

tomb, grave

pl. ‫ُﻗُﺒﻮر‬ room

‫َﻗِﺪﻳﻢ‬ pl. ‫ُﻗﺪام‬

old

HOUSING AND CONSTRUCTION

‫َﻗﺬارة‬

dirt

‫َﻗْﺮَﻣَﺪ‬

1. to plaster 2. to cover with tiles

‫( ِﻗْﺮِﻣﻴﺪ‬coll.)

tiles

pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻗﺮاِﻣﻴ‬

‫َﻗَّﺰاز‬ ‫ﺼﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬ ُ ‫ُﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﺼﻮر‬ ‫ﻄَﺮَن‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬ ‫ُﻗْﻔﻞ‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﻔﺎل‬ ‫َﻗْﻠﻌﺔ‬ pl. ‫ِﻗﻼع‬, ‫ُﻗُﻠﻮع‬

glass merchant

‫َﻟِﺒﻨﺔ‬

FOR SALE

‫ﻟﻮح اﻟَّﻨﺎِﻓﺬة‬

window pane

‫ﺳﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ اِﻻ‬

door plate

‫ﺧﺬ‬ َ ‫ﻣﺄ‬ ُ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫ﻣ|ﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺬ‬

to tar

‫ﻣﺎ َّدة اﻟِﺒﻨﺎء‬ pl. - ‫د‬ ّ ‫َﻣﻮا‬

2. padlock

brick

‫ِﻟﻼﻳﺠﺎر‬ ُ ‫ِﻟﻠَﺒْﻴﻊ‬

palace

1. lock

69

‫ﻣﺎِﻟﻚ‬ pl. ‫ﻼك‬ َّ ‫ُﻣ‬

FOR RENT

socket (el.)

building material

owner

castle

‫ى‬ ‫َﻣﺄو ﹰ‬ pl. ‫و‬ ٍ ‫ﻣﺎ‬

‫ُﻗﻤﺎﻣﺔ‬

refuse, garbage

‫ﺴُﻠﻮك‬ ُّ ‫َﻗﻮاِﻋﺪ اﻟ‬

etiquette

‫ﻣﺎﺋﺪة‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻮاﺋ‬

arch

‫ُﻣﺒﺎع‬

SOLD

‫ُﻣَﺒَّﻠﻂ‬

paved

‫َﻗْﻮس‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﻮاس‬ ‫ﻛﺎْرﺗﻮن‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ُﻛْﺮ‬ pl. ‫س‬ ٍ ‫َﻛﺮا‬

cardboard chair

‫ُﻣﺠﺎِور‬

ِ ‫ُﻛْﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﻲ َﻫ َّﺰاز‬

rocking chair

‫( )ب( َﻛﺴﺎ‬u)

to cover, line, drape (with)

‫َﻛَﻤﺮة‬

beam

‫ﺲ‬ َ ‫( َﻛَﻨ‬u)

to sweep

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫( َﻛَﻨ‬u)

to hedge in

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻛْﻬَﺮﺑﺎﺋ‬

electrician

‫َﻛﻮاِﻟﻴِﻨﻲ‬ َ ‫َﻛ‬ pl. ‫ﻮِﻟﻴِﻨ َّﻴﺔ‬ ‫ُﻛﻮخ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﻮاخ‬ ‫ِﻛﻴﺲ اﻟُﻘﻤﺎﻣﺔ‬

‫ﺠﻮة‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬, ‫ِﻣﺠﺎء‬ pl. ‫ﺠﻮات‬ َ ‫ِﻣ‬ ‫ﺨَّﺪة‬ ُّ ‫َﻣﺨﺎ‬ pl. ‫د‬ ‫ﺨَﺪع‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ع‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺨﺎِد‬

shelter (e.g. for the homeless)

see ‫ﻃﺎوﻟﺔ‬

(horizontal) tombstone

neighbouring pillow, cushion

small room, cabinet

‫ﺨْﺮَﺑﺸﺎت‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

graffiti

َّ ‫ﺨ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﻄﻂ‬

layout, design

locksmith

‫ﺧﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﺪ‬ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺪا‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

hut

‫ﺧﻨﺔ‬ َ ‫َﻣْﺪ‬ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺪا‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬

bin liner

‫ُﻣَﺪَّرج‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

entrance

chimney

open-air staircase, fliers

70

‫ِﻣْﺪﻓﺄة‬ َ pl. ‫ﻣﺪاِﻓﻰُء‬ ‫َﻣْﺪَﻓﻦ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺪاِﻓ‬ ‫ِﻣﺮآة‬ َ , ‫َﻣﺮاﻳﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﺮاٍء‬

HOUSING AND CONSTRUCTION heater, stove

‫ﻄﻔﺄة‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

1. fire engine 2. see ‫ﺟﻬﺎز إﻃﻔﺎء اﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ‬

burial ground

mirror

‫َﻣﺮاﻧﺔ‬

pliability, elasticity

‫ُﻣَﺮ َّﺗﺐ‬

tidy

‫ِﻣﺮﺣﺎض‬

urinal

ُ ‫ﺣﻴ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺮا‬ pl. ‫ﺾ‬ ‫ُﻣِﺮﻳﺢ‬

comfortable

َّ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﺴﺎح‬

‫ﺳﺘﺌﺠﺎر‬ ْ ‫ﻄُﻠﻮب ِﻻ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

WANTED TO RENT

‫ﺸﺮاء‬ ِ ‫ﻄُﻠﻮب ِﻟ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

WANTED FOR PURCHASE

‫ﺠﻮن‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻌ‬ ُ ‫ﺟﻴ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻌﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬

putty

‫ﻣﻌﻤﻞ اﻟ ِّﻨﺠﺎرة‬

timbermill

‫ﺴﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫َﻣْﻐ‬

sink

‫ِﻣْﻔﺘﺎح‬ pl. ‫ﺢ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻔﺎِﺗﻴ‬

1. key 2. switch (el.)

‫َﻣْﻔُﺮوش‬

furnished

land surveyor

‫ِﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬

‫َﻣْﻔُﺮوﺷﺎت‬

see ‫أﺛﺎث‬

surveying

ِ ‫ِﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ أْر‬ ‫ﺿ َّﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺼﻠﺔ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻔ‬

hinge

acreage

‫ﺟﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺴﺘْﺄ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

‫ُﻣﻘﺎِول‬

building contractor

tenant

‫ﺴَﺘِﻘﻴﻢ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

‫ُﻣﻘﺎَوﻣﺔ‬

resistance (el.)

straight

‫ﺴَﺢ‬ َ ‫( َﻣ‬a)

to polish

‫ﺴُﻘﻮف‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

roofed

‫ﺴِﻜﻦ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺴﺎِﻛ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺼﺒﺎح‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

residence

lamp

ُ ‫َﻣﺼﺎِﺑﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﺢ‬ ‫ﺼَﻌﺪ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺼﺎِﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺼَﻬﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﺼﻴﻒ‬ ِ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﺠﻊ‬ َ ‫ﻀ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻀﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻄَﺒﺦ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻣﻄﺎِﺑﺦ‬

lift

fuse (el.)

summer home couch

kitchen

‫َﻣْﻘَﺒﺮة‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻘﺎِﺑ‬ ‫َﻣْﻘَﻌﺪ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻘﺎِﻋ‬

cemetery

1. settee 2. armchair

‫ﻃِﻮﻳﻞ‬ َ ‫ﻣﻘﻌﺪ‬

chaise longue

‫ﺚ‬ َ ‫( َﻣَﻜ‬u)

to stay, remain

‫ﺴﺔ‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻜَﻨ‬ pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻜﺎِﻧﻴ‬

broom

‫ﻣﻜﻨﺴﺔ َﻛْﻬَﺮﺑﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

vacuum cleaner

‫ِﻣﻼط‬

mortar (material)

‫َﻣِﻠﺾ‬

smooth, slippery

‫َﻣَﻤّﺮ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

corridor, hallway

‫ﺴﺢ‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻤ‬

1. dust cloth

ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻤﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺢ‬

2. scraper

CLOTHING

‫ﺟﻞ‬ ُ ‫ﺴﺢ اَﻷْر‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻤ‬ ‫ُﻣَﻨِّﺒﻪ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫ﺤﻨ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

doormat

َّ ‫َﻧ‬ ‫ﺠﺎد‬

upholsterer

alarm clock

‫ﺠﺎر‬ َّ ‫َﻧ‬

carpenter

‫ِﻧﺠﺎرة‬

carpentry

‫ﺠﻔﺔ‬ َ ‫َﻧ‬

chandelier

َّ ‫َﻧ‬ ‫ﺤﺎت‬

1. stonemason

curve, bow

pl. ‫ن‬ ٍ ‫َﻣﺤﺎ‬

‫ﺤٍﻦ‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻨ‬ ‫ﻀﺔ‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻨَﻔ‬ pl. ‫ﺾ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻨﺎِﻓ‬

71

bent, crooked ashtray

2. sculptor

‫ﺤﺎس‬ َّ ‫َﻧ‬

coppersmith

‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫( َﻧ‬a)

to carve (wood)

‫ُﻧﺸﺎرة‬

sawdust

َّ ‫َﻧ‬ ‫ﺴﺎج‬

weaver

‫ﺸَﺮ‬ َ ‫( َﻧ‬u)

to saw apart

‫ُﻣَﻬْﻨِﺪس‬

engineer

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪس َﻛْﻬَﺮﺑﺎﺋ‬

electrical engineer

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪس ِﻣْﻌﻤﺎِر‬

architect

‫ُﻣﻮاُرب‬

ajar (door)

‫َﻧﻈﺎﻓﺔ‬

cleanliness

‫ﺟﺮ‬ ِّ ‫ُﻣَﺆ‬

landlord

َّ ‫َﻧ‬ ‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﻈ‬

to clean

َّ ‫ُﻣﺆ‬ ‫ﺳﺴﺔ ذات‬ ‫َﻣْﻨِﻔﻌﺔ ﻋﺎّﻣﺔ‬

public utility company

‫ﻈﻴﻒ‬ ِ ‫َﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﻈﻔﺎُء‬ َ ‫ُﻧ‬, ‫ِﻧﻈﺎف‬

‫ُﻣﻮِﻛﻴﺖ‬

fitted carpet

‫( َﻫَﺪَم‬i)

‫ﺷﻒ‬ ِ ‫ﻧﺎ‬

dry

‫ﺻﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻧﺎ‬ ٍ ‫َﻧﻮا‬ pl. ‫ص‬ ‫ﻧﺎِﻓﺬة‬

street corner

see ‫ﺷﺒﺎك‬

pl. ‫ﺬ‬ ُ ‫َﻧﻮاِﻓ‬

‫ﻧﺎِﻗﻞ أﺛﺎث‬

removal man

clean

to demolish, pull down (building)

‫َﻫَﺪم‬

demolition

‫َوَزرة‬

skirting

‫ِوﺳﺎدة‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َوﺳﺎﺋ‬ (‫ﻀُﻊ‬ ِ ‫ﺿﻊَ )َﻳ‬ َ ‫َو‬

see ‫ﻣﺨﺪة‬

to put, place

Clothing ‫إْﺑﺮة‬

needle

‫ﺷﻔﺎه‬ ‫ﺣَﻤﺮ اﻟ ﱢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

lipstick

‫ﺳﻜﺎف‬ ْ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫أﺳﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﻔﺔ‬

‫ِاْرَﺗَﺪى‬

to put on (shoes, clothes)

‫إْﻋَﺘَّﻢ‬

shoemaker

to put on/wear a turban

72

CLOTHING

‫أْﻟِﺒﺴﺔ ﺟﺎِﻫﺰة‬

ready-made clothes

‫َﺗْﻘِﻮﻳﺮى‬

neckline

‫ﺨﻴﺎﻃﺔ‬ ِ ‫آﻟﺔ اﻟ‬

sewing machine

‫ﺴﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻜ‬

lining, draping, covering

‫أﻣﺎَل‬

to tip, tilt (e.g. hat)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻈﻴﻒ ِﻛﻴِﻤﻴﺎﺋ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻨ‬

dry cleaning

‫أﻧﺎﻗﺔ‬

elegance

‫َﺛْﻨﻴﺔ‬

crease

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫( أِﻧ‬a)

to be elegant (dress)

pl. ‫َﺛَﻨﻴﺎت‬

‫أِﻧﻴﻖ‬

elegant, chic

َّ ‫ُﺗﻮﻛﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸْﻌﺮ‬

hairclip

slipper

‫ُﺗﻮل‬

tulle

suit

‫َﺛْﻮب‬ pl. ‫ِﺛﻴﺎب‬

‫ﺑﺎُﺑﻮج‬ pl. ‫َﺑﻮاِﺑﻴﺞ‬ ‫َﺑْﺪﻟﺔ‬ َ ‫ِﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﺪل‬

see ‫ﻣﻠﺒﺲ‬

‫ﺤﺪاد‬ ِ ‫ُﺛْﻮب اﻟ‬

mourning clothes

ْ ‫َﺑْﺪﻟﺔ َﺗ‬ ‫ﺸِﺮﻳﻔﺎِﺗ َّﻴﺔ‬

gala dress

evening clothes

‫ﺤّﻤﺎم‬ َ ‫َﺑْﺪﻟﺔ اﻟ‬

َّ ‫ِﺛﻴﺎب اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴْﻬﺮة‬

bathing suit

‫ﺟﺎِﻛﻴﺖ‬

jacket

‫ﺑﺪﻟﺔ اﻟَﻐْﻮص‬

diving suit

‫ﺑﺪﻟﺔ ُﻣْﻠِﻜ َّﻴﺔ‬

civilian clothes

‫ﺟْﻠﺪ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺟُﻠﻮد‬ ُ , ‫ﺟﻼد‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ُﺑْﺮِﻧْﻴﻄﺔ‬

European hat

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃِﺒﻴِﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺟْﻠﺪ‬ ِ

genuine leather

‫ﺟﻠﺪ َﻟّﻤﺎع‬ ِ

patent leather

‫ﺟْﻮَرب‬ َ

stocking

ُ ‫َﺑﺮاِﻧﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﻂ‬ ‫َﺑﻄﺎﻧﺔ‬

lining

1. leather 2. animal skin

pl. ‫ب‬ ُ ‫ﺟﻮاِر‬ َ

‫ﻄﻠﻮن‬ َ ‫َﺑْﻨ‬

European-style trousers

‫ﺼﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻄﻠﻮن َﻗ‬ َ ‫َﺑْﻨ‬

shorts

‫ِﺑﺠﺎﻣﺔ‬

pyjamas

‫ﺑﻠﻮزة‬

blouse

‫َﺑﻴﺎض‬

linen

‫ﺟﻴْﻨﺰ‬ ِ

jeans

‫َﻳﻴﺎﺿﺎت‬

linen goods

َ ‫( ﺣﺎ‬i) ‫ك‬

to weave, knit

‫َﺑْﻴﺖ اﻟِّﺰﻳﻨﺔ‬

beauty parlour

‫ﺣﺎﺋﻚ‬

weaver

‫ﺟْﻮَﻫﺮة‬ َ

jewel

َ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﺟﻮاِﻫ‬ ‫ﺟْﻴﺐ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺟُﻴﻮب‬ ُ

pocket

‫ﺴِﺮﻳﺤﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

hairdo

pl. ‫ﺣﺎﻛﺔ‬

‫ﻄِﺮﻳﺰ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

embroidery

‫ﺣَﺒَﻚ‬ َ (i, u)

to braid, knit

to adorn o.self with a necklace

‫ﺣﺠﺎب‬ ِ

headscarf, hijab

ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ُ , ‫ﺠﺒﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺠﺐ‬

‫َﺗَﻘ َّﻠَﺪ‬

CLOTHING

‫ﺣﺬاء‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺬﻳﺔ‬ ِ‫ﺣ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

shoe

‫ﺣﺬاء ﺑﺎﻟ َّﺮْﻗﺒﺔ‬

boot

‫ﺣِﺮﻳﺮ‬ َ

silk

‫ﺣﺰام‬ ِ

belt

ِ‫ﺣ‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺣُﺰم‬ ُ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺰﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺣْﻠﻴﺔ‬ ِ ً ‫ﺣﻠ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﻰ‬

decoration, embellishment

73

‫َد ُّﺑﻮس ِاْﻧﻜِﻠﻴِﺰي‬

safety pin

‫( َدَﻋَﻚ‬a)

to scrub (laundry)

‫ُدْﻣُﻠﺞ‬ pl. ‫ﺞ‬ ُ ‫َدﻣﺎِﻟ‬

bracelet

‫ِدﻳﺒﺎج‬

brocade

‫ﺤﺬاء‬ ِ ‫رﺑﺎط اﻟ‬

shoelace

‫رﺑﺎط اﻟُﻌُﻨﻖ‬

necktie

َ ‫ﺻْﺪر‬ َ ‫ﺣ َّﻤﺎﻟﺔ‬

bra

‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫( َرَﺑ‬i)

to tie

‫ﺣﻴﺎﻛﺔ‬ ِ

weaving

َّ ‫َرْﺑﻄﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴﺎق‬

garter

ring

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫( َر‬i)

to fasten, insert

‫َرﺷﺎﺷﺔ‬

atomizer

‫ﺧﺎِﺗﻢ‬ ُ ‫ﺧﻮاِﺗ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺧْﺮز‬ َ (coll.)

beads (strung)

‫ﺧْﺮم اﻹْﺑﺮة‬ ُ

eye of the needle

‫ﺸﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺧﺸﺎن‬ ِ ‫ﺧﻮان اﻟِّﺰﻳﻨﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﺨﻞ‬ َ ‫ﺧْﻠ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫ﺧﻼ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ (‫ﺴﻪ‬ َ ‫ﺧَﻠﻊَ )َﻣﻼِﺑ‬ َ (a) ‫ﺧَﻠﻖ‬ َ (m./f.) ُ , ‫ﺧﻼق‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺧْﻠﻘﺎن‬ َ ‫ﺧ َّﻴﺎط‬

coarse, rough (<> fine)

dressing table anklet

to take off (clothes) threadbare

tailor

َ ‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺧَّﻴ‬

to sew

‫َدَّﺑﺎغ‬

tanner

‫( َدَﺑَﻎ‬a, i, u)

to tan (leather)

‫ﺻْﺪر‬ َ ‫َد ُّﺑﻮس‬

‫( َرَﻓﺄ‬a)

to inlay (e.g. with precious stones) 1. to darn (socks) 2. to mend (clothes)

‫ﺧْﻴﻂ‬ َ thread pl. ‫ﺧُﻴﻮط‬ ُ , ‫ﺧﻴﺎط‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺧﻴﻄﺎن‬ ِ

‫َد ُّﺑﻮس‬ pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َدﺑﺎِﺑﻴ‬

‫ﺻَﻊ‬ َّ ‫َر‬

pin

brooch

‫َرْﻓَﺮف‬ pl. ‫ف‬ ُ ‫َرﻓﺎِر‬

visor (hat)

‫( َرَﻗَﻊ‬a)

to patch (a garment)

‫ُرْﻗﻌﺔ‬

piece of cloth

pl. ‫رُﻗﻊ‬ ُ , ‫ِرﻗﺎع‬

‫َرْوَﻧﻖ‬

splendour, beauty

‫ِزّر‬

button

pl. ‫زرار‬ ْ‫أ‬

‫ِزرّ ُﻛﻢّ اﻟَﻘِﻤﻴﺺ‬

cufflink

pl. -‫زرار‬ ْ ‫َأ‬

‫َزْوج‬

one of a pair

‫َزْوﺟﺎن‬

couple

‫ِزْﻳﻨﺔ‬

toilette

‫ﺳﺎِذج‬

plain, not coloured (fabric)

‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬

watch

74

‫ﺠْﻴﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ اﻟ‬

CLOTHING pocket watch

‫ﺻْﺒﻎ‬ َ

dye

see ‫ﺟﺎﻛﻴﺖ‬

‫ﺻْﺪرة‬ ُ

waistcoat

‫ﺻَﻘَﻞ‬ َ (u)

to polish

َ ‫ﺻَّﻠَﺢ‬

to repair

needle)

َ (‫ﺻَّﻤﻢَ )ِل‬

to design (clothing) (for)

َ ‫ﺷْﻌﺮه‬ َ َ‫ﺳَّﺮح‬

to do one’s hair

‫ﺻﻮف‬ ُ

wool

‫ﺳْﺮوال‬ ِ

trousers

ِ ‫ﺳ َّﻜﺎﻓﺔ‬

shoemaking

‫ﺳْﺘﺮة‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺳَﺘﺮ‬ ُ َ ‫ﺤﺎب‬ َّ ‫ﺳ‬

zipper

َ ‫ﺳ َّﺪَد‬

to thread (yarn through

‫ﺴﻠﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺳْﻠ‬ ِ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻼ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﺳْﻤﻂ‬ ِ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻤﻮط‬ ‫ﺳَﻤَﻞ‬ َ (u) ‫ﺳَﻤﻞ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺳﻤﺎل‬ ْ ‫أ‬

chain

string (necklace)

to be worn, in tatters (clothes) worn clothes, rags

silk brocade

‫ﺷﺎل‬

shawl

ِ pl. ‫ﺷﻴﻼن‬

skull-cap

‫ﻃَﺮَز‬ َ

to embroider

‫ﻃْﻘﻢ‬ َ

1. set (of cufflinks, pens, etc.)

pl. ‫ﻃُﻘﻮم‬ ُ

2. see ‫ﺑﺪﻟﺔ‬

‫ﻃﻼء اﻷﻇﺎِﻓﺮ‬

nail polish

‫ﻃْﻮق‬ َ

1. see ‫ﻳﺎﻗﺔ‬

َ ‫ﻃ َّﻴﺔ‬

1. pleat 2. lapel

‫ﻇﻞّ اﻟَﻌﻴﻦ‬ ِ slipper

ُ ‫ﺷ‬ ِ ‫ﺷﺒﺎ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ َ (i) ‫ﺷَّﺪ‬

‫ﻃﺎِﻗﻴﺔ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻃﻮاِﻗﻲ‬

fold (of a garment)

2. frame (spectacles)

‫ﺳْﻨُﺪس‬ ُ

‫ﺸﺐ‬ ِ ‫ﺷْﺒ‬ ِ

‫ﺿْﻌﻒ‬ َ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺿﻌﺎف‬

‫َﻋﺒﺎء‬ pl. ‫ﻋﺒﺌﺔ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

eyeshadow all-body woollen wrap

to tighten

‫ُﻋْﺮوة‬

see ‫ﺟﻮرب‬

‫ُﻋﺮ ﹰ‬ pl. ‫ى‬

ribbon

‫ﻄﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِﻋ‬ ُ ‫ُﻋ‬, ‫ﻄﻮرات‬ ُ ‫ُﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﻄﻮر‬

ِ ‫ﺷْﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺴ َّﻴﺔ‬

parasol

ُ pl. ‫ﻋُﻘﻮد‬

‫ﺻﺎﺋﻎ‬

goldsmith

(‫ﻼﻗﺔ )اﻟِّﺜﻴﺎب‬ َّ ‫َﻋ‬

coathanger

‫ﺻَﺒﺎغ‬ َ

dyer

‫َﻋﻼﻣﺔ‬

label (in item of clothing)

‫ﺻَﺒَﻎ‬ َ (u, i, a)

to dye

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫َﻋ َّﻠ‬

to hang up (clothes)

‫ﺷَﺮاب‬ ُ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﺷِﺮﻳﻂ‬ َ َ pl. ‫ﺷﺮاﺋﻂ‬

‫َﻋْﻘﺪ‬

buttonhole

scent, perfume

necklace

CLOTHING turban

َ ‫َﻗ‬ ‫ﺼﺐ اﻟ َّﺬَﻫﺐ‬

stitch

‫ُﻗ َّﻔﺎز‬ pl. ‫ات‬-٫ ‫ﺰ‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻔﺎِﻓﻴ‬

‫َﻏَّﺰال‬

spinner

‫ُﻗْﻔﻄﺎن‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﻃﻴ‬ ِ ‫َﻗﻔﺎ‬

‫( َﻏَﺰَل‬i)

to spin

‫ِﻋﻤﺎﻣﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻤﺎﺋ‬ ‫ُﻏْﺮزة‬ pl. ‫ﺮز‬ َ ‫ُﻏ‬

‫َﻏْﺰل‬ pl. ‫ﺰول‬ ُ ‫ُﻏ‬

yarn

‫ِﻗﻼدة‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻼﺋ‬ ‫ُﻗﻤﺎش‬ ِ ‫اْﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﻤﺸﺔ‬

75 gold brocade gloves

caftan

see ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬

fabric, cloth

َّ ‫َﻏ‬ ‫ﺴﺎل‬

laundryman

‫ﺴﺎﻟﺔ‬ َّ ‫َﻏ‬

washing machine

pl. ‫ﻤﺼﺎت‬ ْ ‫ُﻗ‬, ‫ُﻗُﻤﺺ‬, ‫أْﻗِﻤﺼﺔ‬

‫ﺴَﻞ‬ َ ‫( َﻏ‬i)

to wash, launder

‫َﻗِﻤﻴﺺ اﻟ َّﻨْﻮم‬

nightgown

‫ﺴﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫َﻏ‬

laundry, washing

(‫ﺴﻮل)ة‬ ُ ‫َﻛْﺒ‬

press stud

‫( َﻏﻄﺎ‬u)

to cover (up)

‫ِﻏﻄﺎء‬

covering

‫ُﻛْﺒﺸﺔ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻛَﺒﺶ‬

pl. ‫ﻄﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫أْﻏ‬

‫َﻗِﻤﻴﺺ‬

shirt, blouse

hook, clasp

‫ِﻛ َّﺘﺎن‬

linen

seductive, charming

‫ﺴﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﻛ‬

cut, style (of a dress)

‫ﻓﺎِﻧ َّﻠﺔ‬

vest, undershirt

‫ﺸُﺘﺒﺎن‬ ْ ‫ُﻛ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﺸﺎِﺗِﺒﻴﻦ‬ َ

‫( َﻓْﺮو‬coll.)

fur

‫ﻓﺎِﺗﻦ‬ pl. ‫َﻓﻮاِﺗﻦ‬

pl. ‫ِﻓﺮاء‬

‫ﺴﺘﺎن‬ ْ ‫ُﻓ‬ ُ ‫َﻓﺴﺎِﺗﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ َّ ‫ﺴﺘﺎن اﻟ‬ ْ ‫ُﻓ‬ ‫ﺴْﻬﺮة‬ ‫ﺺ‬ ّ ‫َﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﺼﻮص‬ ُ ‫ُﻓ‬

seam, hem

pl. ‫ﺶ‬ ُ ‫َﻛﺸﺎِﻛ‬ dress, gown

‫ُﻛّﻢ‬

sleeve

pl. ‫ﻛﻤﺎم‬ ْ ‫أ‬ evening dress

‫َﻛْﻨﺰة‬

sweater

stone (of a ring)

‫َﻛّﻮاء‬

ironer

‫( َﻛَﻮى‬i)

to iron

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻛ‬

pressing (clothes)

‫ِﻟﺒﺎس اﻟ َّﺮْأس‬

headgear

َّ ‫ِﻟﺒﺎس اﻟ‬ ‫ﺼْﻬﺮة‬

party dress

َ ‫ِﻟﺒﺎس َو‬ ‫ﻃِﻨ َّﻴﺔ‬

national costume

َ ‫( َﻟِﺒ‬a) ‫ﺲ‬

to get dressed

‫( َﻓ َّﻚ‬u)

to untie, undo

‫َﻗْﺒﻘﺎب‬

wooden clog

pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫َﻗﺒﺎِﻗﻴ‬

‫ﻄﻦ‬ ْ ‫ُﻗ‬

‫ﺸَﻜﺶ‬ ْ ‫َﻛ‬

thimble

cotton

‫ُﻗْﺮط‬ earring, pendant pl. ‫أْﻗﺮاط‬, ‫ِﻗﺮاط‬, ‫ﺮوط‬ ُ ‫ُﻗ‬

76

‫ﺲ‬ َ ‫َﻟ َّﺒ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻟْﻮح اﻟَﻜ‬ pl. - ‫أْﻟﻮاح‬

CLOTHING to dress someone ironing board

َّ ‫ُﻣَﻜ‬ ‫ﺴﻢ‬

well shaped

‫ى‬ ‫ِﻣْﻜﻮ ﹰ‬

iron (device)

ِ ‫َﻣﻜﺎ‬ pl. ‫و‬

‫ﺳﺢ‬ ِ ‫ﻣﺎ‬

bootblack

ِ ‫َﻣﻼِﺑﺲ ﺧﺎِر‬ ‫ﺟ َّﻴﺔ‬

outer clothes

‫ﻣﺎﻛﻴﺎج‬

make-up

ِ ‫َﻣﻼِﺑﺲ دا‬ ‫ﺧِﻠ َّﻴﺔ‬

underwear

‫ﺠْﻮَﻫﺮات‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

jewellery

ْ ‫َﻣﻼِﺑﺲ َﻋ‬ ‫ﺴَﻜِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

military uniform

‫ﺨَﻤﻞ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

velvet (n.)

ْ ‫َﻣﻼِﺑﺲ ِر‬ ‫ﺳِﻤ َّﻴﺔ‬

uniform

‫َﻣْﺮَﻳﻠﺔ‬

apron, pinafore

‫َﻣﻼِﺑﺲ اﻟِّﺰﻓﺎف‬

wedding clothes

‫َﻣْﺮُﻳﻮل‬

bib

‫ُﻣْﺰَدِوج‬

double

‫ق‬ َ ‫( َﻣَﺰ‬i)

to tear

‫َﻣْﺰق‬

tear

‫ق‬ َ ‫َﻣَّﺰ‬

to shred

‫ُﻣَﻬْﻨَﺪم‬

well dressed, tidy

‫ُﻣَﺰ َّﻳﻨﺎت‬

ornaments, jewellery

‫ُﻣﻮﺿﺔ‬

fashion to weave

‫َﻣْﻠَﺒﺲ‬ َ pl. ُ‫ﻣﻼِﺑﺲ‬ ‫ِﻣْﻠَﻔﻊ‬ ‫ِﻣْﻨِﺪﻳﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻨﺎِدﻳ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

garment

headshawl handkerchief

‫ﺠﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

1. clothes hook

pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺸﺎ‬

‫ﺴَﺞ‬ َ ‫( َﻧ‬u)

2. clothes rack

َّ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺠﺮ‬

with plant designs (fabric)

‫ﺴﻴﺞ‬ ِ ‫َﻧ‬ woven fabric ُ ‫ُﻧ‬, ‫ﺴﺠﺔ‬ ِ ‫أْﻧ‬, ‫أْﻧﺴﺎج‬ pl. ‫ﺴﺞ‬

‫ﺼِّﻤﻢ اﻹْزﻳﺎء‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

fashion designer

َ ‫ِﻣ‬ ‫ﻈَّﻠﺔ‬

umbrella, parasol

‫ﻄﻒ‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻌ‬ ُ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻌﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻒ‬ ‫ﻄﻒ َﻓْﺮو‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻌ‬ ‫ِﻣْﻐَﺰل‬ pl. ‫زل‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻐﺎ‬ ‫ُﻣَﻘ َّﻮر‬

overcoat

fur coat spindle

low-necked (e.g. dress)

‫ِﻧﻘﺎب‬ ‫َﻧُﻤﻮَذج‬ ِ ‫َﻧَﻤﺎ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ذج‬

face veil pattern

‫ﺴﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫َورﺷﺔ َﻏ‬

laundry (place)

‫ِوﺷﺎح‬

cummerbund

ُ ‫ُو‬, ‫ﺷﺤﺔ‬ ِ ‫أْو‬, ‫َوﺷﺎﺋُﺢ‬ pl. ‫ﺷﺢ‬ ‫ﺷَﺢ‬ ‫َو ﱠ‬

to get dressed up

‫ﻳﺎﻗﺔ‬

collar

SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

77

School and education General

‫ﺟِﺘﻬﺎد‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

deadline

‫إْﻟﻬﺎم‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣﺼﺎﺋ‬ ْ ‫إ‬

statistician

‫ِاْﻣِﺘﺤﺎن‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﺣَﻤﻖ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

stupid

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺤِﺮﻳِﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِاﻣﺘﺤﺎن َﺗ‬

written exam

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺷَﻔِﻬ‬ َ ‫ِاﻣﺘﺤﺎن‬

oral exam, viva

‫ﺟﻞ‬ َ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫آﺟﺎل‬

diligence

ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ , pl. ‫ﺣُﻤﻖ‬ ُ f. ‫ﻤﻘﺎء‬

inspiration

examination

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺧِﺘﺼﺎﺻ‬ ْ ‫إ‬

specialist

‫إْﻣﻼء‬

dictation

‫ﻄﺄ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to make mistakes

‫أْﻣﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to dictate

‫إْذن‬

permission

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ُأِّﻣ‬

illiterate

‫ُأِّﻣ َّﻴﺔ‬

illiteracy

‫أِﻣﻴﻦ اﻟَﻤﻜَْﺘﺒﺔ‬

librarian

professor, university lecturer

‫ِاْﻧِﺘﻘﺎد‬

criticism

‫ﺳﺘﺎذ ُﻣﺸﺎِرك‬ ْ ‫ُأ‬

associate professor

َّ ‫ِاْﻧَﺘَﻘﻞَ إﻟﻰ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻒ‬ ّ ‫ﺼ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎِﻟﻲ‬

to go to a higher form/class

‫ﺳﺘﺎذ ُﻣﺴﺎِﻋﺪ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

assistant professor

‫إْﻧﺸﺎء‬

composition, writing class

‫ﺳِﺘﺮاﺣﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

break, recreation

‫ﺿَﺢ‬ َ ‫أْو‬

to explain, clarify

‫ﺳِﺘﻌﺎَر‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to borrow (e.g. books)

‫ﻄﻠﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺳِﺘْﻘﻀﻰ ُﻋ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to spend holidays

‫ﺠﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘﻬ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to spell

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘْﻮَﻋ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to comprehend, take in

‫ﻃُﺮوﺣﺔ‬ ْ ‫ُأ‬

dissertation borrowing period (e.g. library)

pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫َﺑﺮا‬

‫ﺳﺎس‬ َ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫أﺳﺎِﺗﺬة‬

‫إﻋﺎرة‬

base, basis

‫إﻳﻀﺎح‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

explanation

‫ﺣﺚ‬ ِ ‫ﺑﺎ‬

researcher

‫اﻟﺒﺎِﻗﻲ‬

remainder (math.)

(‫َﺑَّﺮاﻳﺔ )اﻷْﻗﻼم‬

pencil sharpener

‫ﺟﻞ‬ َ ‫ِﺑْﺮ‬

compasses, dividers

‫َﺑْﺮﻧﺎِﻣﺞ‬ ُ ‫َﺑﺮاِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺞ‬

2. curriculum

horizontal

‫َﺑﺴﺎﻃﺔ‬

simplicity

typewriter

ُّ ‫ِﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻄﻼب‬

student card

‫أَﻋَّﺪ‬

to prepare (one’s lesson)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫أُﻓِﻘ‬ ‫آﻟﺔ اﻟِﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬

1. programme

78

SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

‫َﺑﻜﺎُﻟﻮِرُﻳﻮس‬

Bachelor’s degree

‫ﺐ َﻋﻦ اﻟَﻤْﺪَرﺳﺔ‬ َ ‫َﺗَﻐ َّﻴ‬

to play truant

‫ِﺑَﻤﺜﺎﺑﺔ‬

tantamount to

‫ﺿﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﺗﻔﺎ‬

rivalry for precedence

‫ﺳﺒﺔ‬ ِ ‫ِﺑُﻤﻨﺎ‬

on the occasion of

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻘِﺮﻳﺮ َﻣْﺪَر‬

school report

‫ﺳﻄﺔ‬ ِ ‫ِﺑﻮا‬

by means of

‫ﺳﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﺗﻜﺎ‬

laziness

‫ﺾ‬ َ ‫َﺑ َّﻴ‬

to make a fair copy (of a text)

‫َﺗْﻜِﺮﻳﺮ‬

repetition

‫َﺑْﻴﻀﺎِوي‬

oval

‫ِﺗﻠِﻤﻴﺬ‬

pupil

‫َﺑْﻴَﻦ‬

between, among

‫ﺧﺮَ ﻋﻦ اﻟ َّﺪْرس‬ َّ ‫َﺗﺄ‬

to be late for class

‫ﺗﺎٍل‬

next

to be capable of

‫ﺴﻴﻂ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﺒ‬

‫َﺗَﻤّﻜَﻦَ ﻣﻦ‬

simplification

‫ﺠﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻬ‬

spelling

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻄ‬ ِ ‫ﺴﻴ‬ ِ ‫ِﺗْﺒ‬

simplified

‫َﺗْﻮﻃﺌﺔ‬

preface

‫َﺗْﺒِﻴﻴﻀﺔ‬

fair copy

‫ﺟﺎِﻣﻌﺔ‬

university

test, trial

‫ﺟﺎِﻫﻞ‬

ignorant

‫ﺠِﺮﺑﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬ pl. ‫ب‬ ُ ‫َﺗﺠﺎِر‬

pl. ‫ﻣﺬة‬ ِ ‫َﺗﻼ‬

‫َﺗْﻤِﺮﻳﻦ‬ ُ ‫َﺗﻤﺎِرﻳ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬

exercise

ُ , ‫ﺟَﻬﻠﺔ‬ َ َ , ‫ﺟَﻬﻼُء‬ ُ , ‫ﺟَّﻬﺎل‬ pl. ‫ﻬﻞ‬ َّ ‫ﺟ‬

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺤْﺬَﻟ‬ َ ‫َﺗ‬

to be pedantic

‫ﺟﺎَوَز‬

to exceed, go beyond

‫ﺤِﻠﻴﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

analysis, parsing

َ ‫َﺗ‬ (‫ﺨ َّﺮجَ )ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﺟﺎﺋﺰ‬

prize

to graduate (from)

pl. ‫ﺰ‬ ُ ‫ﺟﻮاﺋ‬ َ

‫ﺨِﺮﻳﺞ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

graduation

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﺗْﺪِرﻳﺐ ِﻣْﻬِﻨ‬

vocational training

‫ﺟْﺪَول‬ َ ُ ‫ﺟﺪاِو‬ َ pl. ‫ل‬

‫ﺠﻴًﺎ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﺪِرﻳ‬

gradually

َ ‫ب‬ َ ‫ﺟَّﺮ‬

‫َﺗْﺮِﺑﻴﺔ‬

education, upbringing

‫َﺗْﺮِﺑﻴﺔ َﺑَﺪِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬

physical education

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﺗﻔﺎُﻋِﻠ‬

side effect

‫َﺗْﻘِﺮﻳﺒًﺎ‬

approximately

‫َﺗَﺮَّﻛﺰَ َﻋَﻠﻰ‬

to concentrate on

pl. ‫ﻬﻮد‬ ُ‫ﺟ‬ ُ

‫َﺗْﻌِﻠﻴﻢ ﻋﺎٍل‬

higher education

‫ﺟْﻴﺪ‬ َ

B (result)

‫ﺨَﺘِﻠﻂ‬ ْ ‫َﺗْﻌِﻠﻴﻢ ُﻣ‬

coeducation

‫ﺟّﺪًا‬ ِ ‫ﺟْﻴﺪ‬ َ

A (result)

‫ﺴَﺘِﻤّﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺗْﻌِﻠﻴﻢ ُﻣ‬

continuing education

‫ﺳﺒﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺎ‬

calculator

‫ﺟَﺮس‬ َ pl. ‫ﺟﺮاس‬ ْ ‫أ‬

1. roster 2. schedule, timetable to test, try out bell

‫ﺟَﻤَﻊ‬ َ (i)

to collect, gather

‫ﺟْﻤﻊ‬ َ

adding (math.)

‫ﺟْﻬﺪ‬ َ

effort

SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

‫ﺠْﻴﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺳﺒﺔ اﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺎ‬

pocket calculator

‫ﺻﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺎ‬

result (multiplication, division)

‫ﺣﺎَوَل‬

to try

‫ﺣْﺒﺮ‬ ِ

ink

‫ﺠﺮة اﻷﺳﺎِﺗﺬة‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ ُ

teachers’ room, common room

‫ﺤﻀﺎﻧﺔ‬ ِ ‫دار اﻟ‬ ‫داﺋﺮة‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َدواﺋ‬ ‫َدَّﺑﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫ُدْرج‬ ْ‫أ‬ pl. ‫دراج‬ ‫َدَرﺟﺔ‬

79 crèche, day nursery circle

stapler (device) drawer

1. mark, result

‫ﺠﺮة اﻟِّﺪراﺳﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ ُ

classroom

‫ﺠﺰ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

detention

‫س‬ َ ‫( َدَر‬u)

to study, learn

‫ﺣﺪّ أْدَﻧﻰ‬ َ

minimum

‫س‬ َ ‫َد َّر‬

to teach

‫ﺼﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺣﺪّ أْﻗ‬ َ

maximum

‫ﺣْﺬَﻟﻘﺔ‬ َ

pedantry

‫َدْرس‬ pl. ‫روس‬ ُ ‫ُد‬

class period

‫َدﱠﻓﺔ‬

cover (book)

‫ُدْﻛُﺘﻮراة‬

doctorate

bringing up, nursing

ْ ‫دﻛﺘﻮراة َﻓ‬ ‫ﺨِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

honorary doctorate

to learn by heart, to have in memory

‫َدواة‬ َ ‫َد‬, ‫ُدِوي‬ pl. ‫وﻳﺎت‬

‫ﺣِﻔﻴﻒ‬ َ

rustling (e.g. papers)

‫ذاَﻛَﺮ‬

to study (one’s lesson)

‫ﺣِﻘﻴﺒﺔ اﻟَﻤْﺪَرﺳﺔ‬ َ

satchel

‫ُذُﻫﻮل‬

consternation, perplexity

‫ﻃﻼِﺑّﻴﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﺣﻴﺎة‬ َ

student life

‫ﺟَﻊ‬ َ ‫را‬

to revise

‫ﺧﺎﻃﻰء‬

wrong

‫َرَّﺑﻰ‬

to bring up (child)

stamp (imprint)

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫َر َّﺗ‬

to arrange, organize

‫ﺼﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺼﺺ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﻀﺎﻧﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻆ‬ َ ‫ﺣِﻔ‬ َ (a)

‫ﺧْﺘﻢ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺧُﺘﻮم‬ ُ , ‫ﺧﺘﺎم‬ ْ ‫أ‬

َّ ‫َر‬ ‫ﺟَﻊ‬

َ ‫ﺧَّﺘﺎﻣﺔ‬

stamp (device)

َ ‫ج‬ َ ‫ﺧَّﺮ‬

to train

‫ﻂ‬ ّ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻄﻮط‬

2. see ‫ﺻﻒ‬

lesson

inkwell

1. to hand in (e.g. assignment) 2. to look up

line

‫َردّ اﻟِﻔْﻌﻞ‬

reaction

‫ُرْزﻣﺔ‬

ream

pl. ‫زم‬ َ ‫ِر‬

‫ﺨﻂّ اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻞ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

oblique, slash

‫ﺧﻄﺄ‬ َ

mistake, error

‫ﺳﻢ‬ ْ ‫َر‬ ُ ‫ُر‬ pl. ‫ﺳﻮم‬

‫ﺧﻼﺻﺔ‬ ُ

excerpt

‫ﺾ‬ َ ‫( َرَﻓ‬i, u)

drawing

to refuse

80

SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫( َر‬u)

to fail (an exam)

‫ﺷَﺒَﻚ‬ َ (i)

to attach, staple

‫ﻰ‬ ّ ‫ﻄ‬ ِ ‫ﻄﻴ‬ ِ ‫ﺨ‬ ْ ‫ﺳﻢ َﺗ‬ ْ ‫َر‬

rough sketch, draft

‫ﺤﻄﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺷ‬ َ

dash (punctuation)

‫ﺳﻮب‬ ُ ‫ُر‬

failure (exam)

‫ﺷﺎﺋﻊ‬

widespread

classmate, school friend

‫ﺷِﺪﻳﺪ‬ َ َ‫ﺷ‬ ِ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺷﺪاد‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺪاء‬

see ‫ﺗﺮﻛﺰ‬

َ ‫ﺷَﺮ‬ ‫ح‬ َ (a)

kindergarten, nursery school

‫ﺷْﺮح‬ َ pl. ‫ﺮوح‬ ُ ُ‫ﺷ‬

‫َرِﻓﻴﻖ اﻟَﻤْﺪَرﺳﺔ‬ ُ pl. -‫رَﻓﻘﺎُء‬ ‫َرَّﻛﺰَ ِﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻃﻔﺎل‬ ْ ‫َرْوﺿﺔ اﻷ‬ ْ ‫ِرﻳﺎض اﻷ‬ pl. ‫ﻃﻔﺎل‬

strong, intense

to explain, comment 1. see ‫إﻳﻀﺎح‬ 2. commentary (e.g. text)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺿ‬ ِ ‫ِرﻳﺎ‬

mathematician

‫ﺻﻖ‬ ِ ‫ﺷِﺮﻳﻂ ﻻ‬ َ

adhesive tape

‫ِرﻳﺸﺔ‬

nib

‫ﺷﻄﺎرة‬ َ

cleverness

pl. ‫رَﻳﺶ‬ ِ

‫زاِوﻳﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫زواﻳﺎ‬

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﺷ‬ َ (u) angle

‫ﺷْﻜﻞ‬ َ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺷﻜﺎل‬

‫زاوﻳﺔ ﺣﺎ َّدة‬

acute angle

‫زاوﻳﺔ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬

right angle

‫ﺷﻲء‬ َ

obtuse angle

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺷﻴﺎُء‬

see ‫رﻓﻴﻖ اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﺔ‬

‫ﺤﻴﺢ‬ ِ ‫ﺻ‬ َ

1. blackboard

‫ﺻْﻌﺐ‬ َ ِ pl. ‫ﺻﻌﺎب‬

‫زاوﻳﺔ ُﻣْﻨَﻔِﺮﺟﺔ‬ ‫ِزِﻣﻴﻞ اﻟَّﺪراﺳﺔ‬ pl. – ‫ﻣﻼُء‬ َ ‫ُز‬ َ ‫ﺳ ُّﺒﻮرة‬

1. to erase (e.g. a word) 2. to cross out 1. form, shape 2. illustration (book) thing

right (<> wrong) difficult

‫ﺻُﻌﻮﺑﺔ‬ ُ

difficulty

to register, enrol in

‫ﺻِﻐﻴﺮ‬ َ

small

َ ‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺳ َّﻘ‬

to fail somebody (exam)

ِ , ‫ﺻَﻐﺮاء‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺻﻐﺎر‬

َ ‫ﺳَّﻠﺔ اﻟُﻤْﻬ َّﻤﻼت‬

wastepaper basket

َ ‫ﺳَّﻤَﻊ‬

to recite, say one’s lesson

‫ﺳْﻬﻞ‬ َ

easy

‫ﺳُﻬﻮﻟﺔ‬ ُ

easiness

َ ‫ﺳ َّﻮَد‬

to make a draft of something

2. slate

َّ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺠﻞَ ﻓﻲ‬

‫ﺷﺎِرد اﻟِﻔْﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻃﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺷﺎ‬

absent-minded clever

‫ﻒ‬ ّ ‫ﺻ‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﺻُﻔﻮف‬

class, form

‫ﺻْﻠﺐ‬ ُ

hard, firm, rigid

َ (i, u) ‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺿَّﺒ‬

to set, regulate

‫ﺿﱠﺞ‬ َ (i)

to be noisy

‫ﺿْﺮب‬ َ

multiplication

‫ﺨﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺿ‬ َ

thick, big, voluminous

ِ pl. ‫ﺿﺨﺎم‬

SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

‫ﺿِﻠﻴﻊ‬ َ ‫ﻃﺎِﻟﺐ‬ pl. ‫ﻃﻼب‬ ُ

skilled, knowledgeable

‫َﻋﻼﻣﺔ‬

mark, grade

student

‫( َﻋِﻠَﻢ‬a)

see ‫ﻋﺮف‬

‫َﻋ َّﻠَﻢ‬

َّ ‫د‬ see ‫رس‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻋَﻤِﻠ‬

practical

‫ﻃﺎَﻟَﻊ‬

to study, peruse

‫ﺷﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻃﺒﺎ‬ َ

chalk (for blackboard)

‫ﻃْﺮح‬ َ

subtraction

‫ﻃَﺮَد‬ َ (u)

to expel

‫َﻋِﻤﻴﺪ‬

‫ﻃَﺮد‬ َ

expulsion

pl. ‫ﻤﺪاء‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬

‫ﻃْﻔﺮة َﻧْﻮِﻋّﻴﺔ‬ َ

quantum leap

‫ص‬ ٍ ‫ﻋﺎ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻋﺼﺎة‬ ‫ﻋﺎِﻗﻞ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻋَﻘﻼُء‬ ‫ﻋﺎِﻟﻢ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻋَﻠﻤﺎء‬ ‫ِﻋﺒﺎرة‬

disobedient

intelligent

scientist

1. expression 2. phrase

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﻋْﺒَﻘِﺮ‬ pl. ‫ون‬-, ‫ﻋﺒﺎِﻗﺮة‬ َ

genius

‫َﻋْﺒَﻘِﺮﻳﺔ‬

genius, ingenuity

‫َﻋَﺪد‬

number

pl. ‫ﻋﺪاد‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﺤﻴﺢ‬ ِ ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫َﻋَﺪد‬ pl. ‫ﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫أْﻋﺪاد‬

81

integer

‫َﻋُﻤﻮد‬ ِ ‫َﻋﻮا‬ pl. ‫ﻣﺪ‬

‫ﻏﺎِﻣﺾ‬

column (writing)

dean

mysterious, abstruse

pl. ‫ﻣﺾ‬ ِ ‫َﻏﻮا‬

‫( َﻏَﺮا‬u)

to glue

‫ِﻏﺮاء‬

glue

‫ﺶ‬ ‫( َﻏ ﱠ‬u)

to cheat

‫َﻏَﻠﻂ‬ pl. ‫ﻏﻼط‬ ْ ‫أ‬

see ‫ﺧﻄﺄ‬

‫َﻏْﻠﻄﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻏَﻠﻄﺎت‬ َ

see ‫ﺧﻄﺄ‬

‫ﺿﺢ‬ ِ ‫َﻏْﻴﺮ وا‬

unclear

‫ق‬ َ ‫( َﻓَﺮ‬u)

to separate, divide

‫ﺼﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﺼﻮل‬ ُ ‫ُﻓ‬

1. see ‫ﻒ‬ ّ ‫ﺻ‬ 2. chapter (book)

‫( َﻓَﻌَﻞ‬i)

to do, make

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻓَﻠِﻜ‬

astronomer

‫ف‬ َ ‫( َﻋَﺮ‬i)

to know

‫ﻄﻠﺔ‬ ْ ‫ُﻋ‬

holidays, vacation

ْ ‫ُﻋ‬ ‫ﺼْﻴﻒ‬ َّ ‫ﻄﻠﺔ اﻟ‬

summer vacation

‫( َﻓِﻬَﻢ‬a)

to understand

‫َﻋْﻘﻞ‬

reason, intelligence

‫َﻓَﻬَﻢ‬

to explain, instruct

‫َﻋْﻜﺲ‬

opposite

‫ِﺑﺎﻟَﻌْﻜﺲ‬

on the contrary

‫ﺴﻮف‬ ُ ‫َﻓْﻴَﻠ‬ pl. ‫ﺳﻔﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻓﻼ‬

‫ِﻓْﻬِﺮس‬ pl. ‫رس‬ ِ ‫َﻓﻬﺎ‬

index

philosopher

82

SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

‫ﻗﺎَرَن‬

to compare

‫ُﻛَﺘْﻴﺐ‬

booklet

‫ﺳﻢ‬ ِ ‫ﻗﺎ‬

denominator (math.)

‫َﻛ َّﺮَر‬

to repeat

‫ﻗﺎِﻋﺪة‬

rule

‫ُﻛَّﺮاﺳﺔ‬

copybook, notebook

pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻮاِﻋ‬

pl. ‫رﻳﺲ‬ ِ ‫َﻛﺮا‬

‫ﺟﻊ‬ ِ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺔ اﻟَﻤﺮا‬

reference section (library)

‫ﻗﺎﻋﺔ اﻟُﻤﻄﺎَﻟﻌﺔ‬

reading room, study room

‫ﻗﺎِﻋﺪة‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻮاِﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬

rule (e.g. grammar)

‫ﺴﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻛ‬ ُ ‫ُﻛ‬ pl. ‫ﺴﻮر‬

fraction

lazy ‫ﺴﻼن‬ ْ ‫َﻛ‬ َ ; f. ‫ﻼ‬ ْ ‫َﻛﺴ‬, ‫ﺴﻼﻧﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻛ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﺴﺎﻟﻰ‬

َّ ‫( َﻛ‬i) ‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬

to reveal

‫ﻗﺎﺋﻢ‬

perpendicular

‫( َﻗِﺒَﻞ‬a)

to admit (e.g. to a school)

‫َﻗُﺒﻮل‬

admission

entirely

‫َﻗ َّﺪَر‬

‫ِﺑﺎﻟُﻜِّﻠ َّﻴﺔ‬

to esteem highly

‫ُﻛ َّﻠ َّﻴﺔ اﻟَّﺘﺠﺎرة‬

business school

‫ُﻗْﺪرة‬

ability

ُّ ‫ُﻛِّﻠ َّﻴﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸْﺮﻃﺔ‬

police academy

‫( َﻗَﺮأ‬u)

to read

‫ﺐ‬ ّ ‫ﻄ‬ ِّ ‫ُﻛِّﻠَّﻴﺔ اﻟ‬

medical school

‫َﻗَﺮأ َﻋﻠﻰ‬

to study under s.o.

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِﻛﻴِﻤﻴﺎﺋ‬

chemist

‫ِﻗﺮاءة‬

reading

‫ﻆ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﻻ‬

to observe, remark

‫ﺴﻤﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِﻗ‬

division

‫َﻟَﻘﺐ اﻟ َّﺘْﻌِﻠﻴﻢ‬

academic title

diameter

‫ﺴِﺘﻴﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﻣﺎ‬

Master’s degree

‫ﻄﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻗ‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﻄﺎر‬ ‫َﻗَﻠﻢ‬

pen

pl. ‫أْﻗﻼم‬

‫ﻗﻠﻢ اﻷْﻟﻮان‬

crayon

‫ف‬ ّ ‫ﻗﻠﻢ ﺟﺎ‬

ball-point pen

‫ﺤْﺒﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻗﻠﻢ اﻟ‬

fountain pen

‫ﻗﻠﻢ اﻟَّﺮﺻﺎص‬

pencil

‫َﻗْﻮس‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﻮاس‬ ‫ِﻛﺘﺎب‬ pl. ‫ﻛُﺘﺐ‬ ُ

arc, arch

book

‫ُﻛِّﻠ َّﻴﺔ‬

1. faculty 2. college

‫ﻣﺎَّدة‬ pl. ‫د‬ ُّ ‫َﻣﻮا‬

school subject

‫ﻣﺎﺋﻞ‬

slanting

‫ﺤْﺬِﻟﻖ‬ َ ‫ُﻣَﺘ‬

pedant

(‫ﺨِّﺮج )ِﻣﻦ‬ َ ‫ُﻣَﺘ‬

graduate (from)

َّ ‫ُﻣَﺘﻮاِزى اﻟ‬ ‫ﻄﻮح‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬

parallelepiped

‫ﺿﻼع‬ ْ ‫ُﻣَﺘﻮاِزى اﻷ‬

parallelogram

‫ُﻣَﺜَّﻠﺚ‬

triangle

‫ﺠَﺘِﻬﺪ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

zealous

pl. ‫ات‬-

SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

83

praiseworthy

‫ﺤﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﺴَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

impossible

volume (book)

‫ﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﺴ ﱢ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

registrar

‫ﺠُﻤﻮع‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

sum total

‫ﻄﺮة‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺴﺎ‬ ُ‫ﻃ‬

‫( َﻣﺤﺎ‬u)

to erase

‫ﻄﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﺴَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

rectangle

‫ﺿﺮ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣﺤﺎ‬

lecturer

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺴَّﻮدة‬

draft, rough copy

‫ﺿﺮة‬ َ ‫ُﻣﺤﺎ‬

lecture

‫ﺤَﻮر‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

axis

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺠِﺪ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺠَّﻠﺪ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﺸَﺒﻚ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺸﺎِﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﻚ‬

ruler

staple

‫ﺸَﺒﻚ اﻟَﻮَرق‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

paper clip

‫ﺸِﺮف‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

supervisor (e.g. PhD)

‫ُﻣﻄﺎَﻓـﺄة‬

reward

‫ﻄُﺮوح‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

subtrahend (math.)

‫اﻟﻤﻄﺮوح ِﻣْﻨُﻪ‬

minuend

teacher

‫ﻄﻴﻊ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣ‬

obedient

school

‫َﻣﻌﺎِرف ﻋﺎ َّﻣﺔ‬

general knowledge

‫َﻣْﻌَﻬﺪ‬

institute

‫ﻣﺪرﺳﺔ ِاْﺑِﺘﺪاﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

primary school

ُ ‫َﻣَﻌﺎِﻫ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬

‫ﻣﺪرﺳﺔ ﺛﺎَﻧِﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

secondary school

‫ُﻣَﻌ َّﻴﻦ‬

rhombus

‫ﻣﺪرﺳﺔ ِﻣْﻬِﻨ َّﻴﺔ‬

vocational college

‫ُﻣَﻔِّﺘﺶ‬

inspector

‫ُﻣﺬاِﻛﺮة‬

learning, study

‫َﻣْﻔُﻬﻮم‬

notion, concept

pl. ‫ور‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺤﺎ‬

ِ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﻂ اﻟ َّداﺋﺮة‬

circumference

‫ﺨُﺮوط‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

cone (math.)

‫َﻣ َّﺪَد‬ ‫ُﻣَﺪِّرس‬ ‫َﻣْﺪَرﺳﺔ‬ pl. ‫رس‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺪا‬

‫ُﻣَﺮ َّﺑﻊ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫َﻣْﺮَﺗﺒﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺮاِﺗ‬ ‫ﺟﻊ‬ ِ ‫َﻣْﺮ‬

to extend (e.g. borrowing period)

square

class (degree)

reference work

pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺮا‬

‫ُﻣَﺮ َّﻛﺐ‬

compound

‫َﻣﺮﺋﻲ‬

visible

َّ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬

wiper (blackboard)

pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻔﺎِﻫﻴ‬

‫ُﻣﻘﺎَرﻧﺔ‬

comparison

‫َﻣْﻘُﺒﻮل‬

pass (mark)

‫ُﻣَﻘِّﺪﻣﺔ‬

introduction

‫ﺴﻮم‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻘ‬

dividend (math.)

‫ﺴﻮم َﻋَﻠْﻴِﻪ‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻘ‬

divisor (math.)

‫ِﻣْﻘَﻠﻤﺔ‬

pen case

‫َﻣْﻜَﺘﺐ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻜﺎِﺗ‬

desk

84

‫َﻣْﻜَﺘَﺒﺔ‬ َ , ‫ات‬pl. ‫ﻣﻜﺎِﺗﺐ‬

SCHOOL AND EDUCATION 1. library 2. bookstore

‫ُﻣَﻜ َّﺜﻒ‬

intensive (course)

‫ُﻣَﻜ َّﻌﺐ‬

cube

‫ﺣﻈﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻣﻼ‬

remark

‫ﻃﻔﺎل‬ ْ ‫َﻣْﻠﺠﺄ اﻷ‬

children’s home

‫ﺤﻖ‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻼ‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬

appendix

‫ُﻣﻮاَزﻧﺔ‬

balance, equilibrium

‫ﺟﺰ‬ َ ‫ُﻣﻮ‬

summary

‫ُﻣَﺆَّرخ‬

historian

‫ﺳﻮﻋﺔ‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻮ‬

encyclopaedia

‫ﺿﻮع‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻮ‬

topic, subject

ُ ‫ﺿﻴ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻮا‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻇﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻧﺎ‬ ّ ‫ُﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﻈﺎر‬

principal, headteacher

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺻﻮِر‬ ُ ‫ﺤﻖ‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻠ‬

legend (caption)

‫( ﻧﺎَل‬u)

to grant, award

َّ ‫ُﻣَﻠ‬ ‫ﺨﺺ‬

abstract (n.)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻧﺒﺎِﺗ‬

botanist

‫ُﻣْﻤﺘﺎز‬

with distinction (grade)

‫ِﻣْﻤﺤﺎة‬ pl. ‫ح‬ ٍ ‫َﻣﻤﺎ‬

eraser

‫ُﻣْﻤِﻜﻦ‬

possible

‫ُﻣْﻨَﺘِﺒﻪ‬

alert

‫ِﻣْﻨﺤﺔ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﻣَﻨﺢ‬

grant, allowance

‫ُﻧْﺒﺬة‬ pl. ‫ُﻧَﺒﺬ‬ ‫َﻧِﺘﻴﺠﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ‬ pl. - ‫ﺞ‬ ُ ‫َﻧﺘﺎﺋ‬

leaflet

wall calendar

‫َﻧﺠﺎح‬

success

‫ﺠﺢَ ﻓﻲ‬ َ ‫( َﻧ‬a)

to pass (exam)

ِ ‫ُﻧْﺰﻫﺔ َﻣْﺪَر‬ ‫ﺳ َّﻴﺔ‬

school trip

‫ﺴﺨﺔ‬ ْ ‫ُﻧ‬ َ ‫ُﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﺴﺦ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺤﺔ ﺟﺎِﻣِﻌ َّﻴﺔ‬

university grant, scholarship

‫ﺳّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﺔ ِدرا‬

study grant

‫ﺤِﺮف‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻨ‬

trapezium

‫َﻣْﻨَﻘﻠﺔ‬

protractor

ُ ‫ُﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﺼﻮص‬

‫َﻣْﻨَﻬﺞ اﻟ َّﺘْﻌِﻠﻴﻢ‬

teaching curriculum

‫ﻄﺮ اﻟّﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ْ ‫ﺼﻒ ُﻗ‬ ْ ‫ِﻧ‬

radius

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫َﻣْﻨَﻬ‬

methodological

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﻈِﺮ‬ َ ‫َﻧ‬

theoretical

‫ﺠّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻣْﻨَﻬ‬

methodology

‫ﻈِﺮّﻳﺔ‬ َ ‫َﻧ‬

theory

‫ُﻣِﻬّﻢ‬

important

‫َﻧْﻔﺲ‬

same

‫ُﻣْﻬِﻤﻞ‬

sloppy, neglectful

ُّ ‫ِﻧﻘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻄﻼب‬

student union

‫ُﻣﻮازاة‬

equal distance, parallelism

‫( َﻧَﻘَﻞ‬u)

to copy

‫ُﻣﻮاٍز ل‬

parallel to

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِﻧﻬﺎﺋ‬

infinite

copy

َّ ‫َﻧ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﻓﺔ‬

blotting pad

‫ﺺ‬ ّ ‫َﻧ‬

text

SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

‫ﻫﺎدىء‬

calm, quiet

‫ﻫﺎِﻣﺶ‬ ُ ‫َﻫﻮاِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺶ‬

margin

‫( َوَرق‬coll.) pl. ‫وراق‬ ْ‫أ‬

85 paper

‫ﺳﻢ‬ ْ ‫( ورق اﻟ َّﺮ‬coll.)

drawing paper

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺸ‬ ِ ‫ﻫﺎِﻣ‬

marginal

‫ﺸﺎِﻫﺪة‬ ّ ‫( ورق اﻟ‬coll.)

carbon paper

‫ﻫﺎﺋﻞ‬

formidable, extraordinary

َ ‫( ورق‬coll.) ‫ﺷ َّﻔﺎف‬

tracing paper

‫ِﻫﻮاﻳﺔ‬

hobby

‫( ورق ﻋﺎِدم‬coll.)

wastepaper

‫( ورق اﻟِﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬coll.)

writing paper

teaching staff, faculty

‫ﻒ‬ ّ ‫( ورق اﻟَﻠ‬coll.)

wrapping paper

homework, assignment

‫ﺸﺎف‬ ّ ‫( ورق اﻟَّﻨ‬coll.)

blotting paper

‫َوْﻗﺖ َﻓﻀﺎء‬

leisure time

ِ ‫َﺗْﻌِﻠﻴ‬ /‫ﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬

ِ ‫َﺗْﺪِرﻳ‬ ‫ﺴ َّﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺐ‬ ِ ‫وا‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

Sciences and academic subjects

ْ ‫إ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

statistics

‫ﺿﻴﺎت‬ ِ ‫ِرﻳﺎ‬

mathematics

‫آداب‬/‫أَدب‬

literature

‫ﺐ‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ

medicine (science)

‫أدب ُﻣﻘﺎِرن‬

comparative literature

‫ﺳﻨﺎن‬ ْ ‫ﺐ اﻷ‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ

dentistry

‫إدارة‬

management

‫إدارة ُﻓْﻨُﺪِﻗ َّﻴﺔ‬

dermatology

hotel management

‫ﻃﺐّ اﻷْﻣﺮاض‬ ِ ِ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺠْﻠِﺪَّﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺟﻴﺎ‬ ِ ‫ِﺑُﻴﻮﻟﻮ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺷْﺮِﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺐ‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ

forensic medicine

biology

‫اﻟَّﺘﺎِرﻳﺦ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺐ َﻧْﻔﺴﺎِﻧ‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ

psychiatry

history

‫ﺠْﺒﺮ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

algebra

‫ِﻋْﻠﻢ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻋُﻠﻮم‬

‫ﺟﻴﺎ‬ ِ ‫ﺟﻴﻮُﻟﻮ‬ ِ

geology

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻵﺛﺎر اﻟَﻘِﺪﻳﻤﺔ‬

archaeology

‫ﺤﺴﺎب‬ ِ ‫اﻟ‬

arithmetic

ْ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻵﺛﺎر اﻟِﻤ‬ ‫ﺼِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

egyptology

ِ ‫ﺿﻞ‬ ُ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟَّﺘﻔﺎ‬

differential calculus

‫ﻋﻠﻢ إدارة اﻷْﻋﻤﺎل‬

business administration

‫ﺤُﻘﻮق‬ ُ ‫اﻟ‬

law

َ ‫ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻹْرﺻﺎد اﻟ‬meteorology ‫ﺠِّﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

‫اﻟِّﺪﻳﻦ‬

religious education

‫ﺟﻤﺔ‬ َ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟَّﺘْﺮ‬

translation science

‫ﺳﻢ‬ ْ ‫اﻟ َّﺮ‬

drawing

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟِﺘﻤﺎِﻋ‬ ْ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ ِا‬

sociology

‫ِرﻳﺎﺿﺔ‬

gymnastics, PE

‫ﺣﻴﺎء‬ ْ ‫ﻋﺎِﻟﻢ اﻷ‬

biologist

science

86

SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻷْدِو َّﻳﺔ‬

therapeutics

‫ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻜﺎﺋﻨﺎت اﻟ َّﺪِﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬microbiology

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اِﻻْﻗِﺘﺼﺎد‬

economics

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬

computer science

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻷْﻣﺮاض‬

nosology

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟِﻜﻴِﻤﻴﺎء‬

chemistry

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻹْﻧﺴﺎن‬

anthropology

َ ‫ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎء اﻟ‬biochemistry ‫ﺤَﻴِﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟَﺒْﻜِﺘﻴِﺮﻳﺎ‬

bacteriology

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟَﻤﻌﺎِدن‬

mineralogy

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟَّﺘْﺮِﺑﻴﺔ‬

educational science

‫ﻄﻖ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟَﻤْﻨ‬

logic

‫ﺸِﺮﻳﺢ‬ ْ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟ َّﺘ‬

anatomy

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟَﻨﺒﺎت‬

botany

‫ﺠْﻐﺮاِﻓﻴﺎ‬ ُ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟ‬

geography

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟَّﻨْﻔﺲ‬

psychology

‫ﺠﻤﺎل‬ َ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟ‬

aesthetics

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟِﻮراﺛﺔ‬

genetics

‫ﺸﺮات‬ َ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟ‬

entomology

‫ ﻋﻠﻢ َوﻇﺎﺋﻒ اﻷْﻋﻀﺎء‬physiology

‫ﺤَﻴﻮان‬ َ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟ‬

zoology

‫ِﻋْﻠﻢ اﻟِﻮﻻدة‬

obstetrics

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟِﺰراﻋﺔ‬

agronomy

ْ ‫اﻟُﻌُﻠﻮم اِﻻ‬ ‫ﺟِﺘﻤﺎِﻋ َّﻴﺔ‬

social sciences

ُّ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴُﻤﻮم‬

toxicology

‫ﺴﻔﺔ‬ َ ‫اﻟَﻔْﻠ‬

philosophy

‫ﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬ ِّ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟ‬

political science

‫ِﻟﺴﺎِﻧﻴﺎت‬

linguistics

‫ﻄِﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬ َ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟ‬

physics

‫َﻣْﻌُﻠﻮﻣﺎِﺗّﻴﺔ‬

Information Technology (IT)

ُّ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻄُﻴﻮر‬

ornithology

‫َﻫْﻨَﺪﺳﺔ‬

engineering

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟُﻌُﻴﻮن‬

ophthalmology

‫َﻫْﻨَﺪﺳﺔ َﻣَﺪِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬

civil engineering

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟَﻔَﻠﻚ‬

astronomy

‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﺔ ِﻣﻴﻜﺎِﻧﻴِﻜ َّﻴﺔ‬

mechanical engineering

‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟِﻔﻴِﺰﻳﺎ‬

physics

‫ﺳّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫اﻟَﻬْﻨَﺪ‬

geometry

‫ﺼَﻞ‬ َ ‫اَّﺗ‬

to connect

‫إدارة اﻟَﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬

data management

‫ﺟِﻬﺰة اﻟُﻜْﻤﺒُﻴﻮِﺗﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

hardware

‫أْدَﻣَﺞ‬

to insert

‫ﺧِﺘﺼﺎر‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

shortcut

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫أْرَﻓ‬

to attach (e.g. file)

‫ج‬ َ ‫ﺧَﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to exit

‫أزال‬

to delete

‫ﺳَﺘْﺒَﺪَل‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to substitute, swap

Computing

‫أداة‬ َ‫أ‬ pl. ‫دوات‬

tool

SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

‫ﺟَﻊ‬ َ ‫ﺳِﺘْﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

87

‫َﺑِﺮﻳﺪ ُﻣْﺰِﻋﺞ‬

spam

2. to restore

‫ﺑﻮاﺑﺔ‬

portal site

‫ض‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘْﻌَﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to browse

‫ﺑﻮرت‬

port

‫ﺳَﺘْﻮَردَ ِﻣﻦ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to import (document) from

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺠَّﻮَل‬

to surf

‫ﻄﻮاﻧﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ُأ‬

disk

ِّ ‫ﺤﱡﻜﻢ اﻟ‬ َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﻄَّﺒﺎﻋﺔ‬

printer control

ِ ‫أﺳﻄﻮاﻧﺔ َرﺋﻴ‬ ‫ﺴ َّﻴﺔ‬

master disk

remote control

‫ﺨِﺪم‬ ْ ‫ﺴَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ﺳﻢ اﻟُﻤ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

‫ﺤﱡﻜﻢ َﻋﻦ ُﺑْﻌﺪ‬ َ ‫َﺗ‬

user name

conversion

‫ﺻَﺪَر‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﺤِﻮﻳﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

to export (a document)

storage

‫إْﻋﺪادات‬

‫ﺨِﺰﻳﻦ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

settings

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺠِﺪ‬ َ ‫َﺗْﺮِﺗﻴﺐ أْﺑ‬

alphabetization

‫أْﻟﻐﺎ‬

1. to cancel

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﺗْﺮِﺗﻴﺐ َرْﻗِﻤ‬

numerical sorting

‫َﺗْﺮِﻗﻴﻢ‬

digitization

‫ﺤِﺘﻲ‬ ْ ‫ﻄﻴﺮ َﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

underlining

1. to retrieve (e.g. data)

2. to delete

‫أْﻣﺮ‬ ُ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻮر‬

command

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫أﻧﺎُﻟﻮﺟ‬

analog

‫ﺸِﻔﻴﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

encryption

‫إﻧﺘﺮاﻧﺖ‬

intranet

‫َﺗﻄِﺒﻴﻖ‬

application

‫إْﻧَﺘْﺮَﻧﺖ‬

Internet

‫إْﻧﺠﺎز‬

execution, performance

‫َﺗْﻌِﺪﻳﻞ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫أْوَﻗ‬

to shut down (computer, program)

‫َﺗْﻌِﻤﻴﺔ‬

see ‫ﺗﺸﻔﻴﺮ‬

‫َﺗْﻐِﻤﻴﻖ‬

to make bold (text) digital signature

‫إﻳﻘﻮﻧﺔ‬

icon

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﺗﻮِﻗﻴﻊ َرْﻗِﻤ‬

‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬

byte

‫ﺤﻘﺔ‬ َ ‫َﺑﺮاِﻣﺞ ُﻣْﻠ‬

accessories

‫ﺴﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺴﻮر‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ

‫َﺑْﺮِﻣَﺞ‬

to program

‫َﺑْﺮَﻣﺠﺔ‬

programming

ِ ‫َﺑْﺮِﻣ‬ ‫ﺠ َّﻴﺔ‬

software

‫َﺑْﺮﻧﺎِﻣﺞ‬

program

ُ ‫َﺑﺮاِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺞ‬ ‫ِﺑِﺮﻳﺪ ِاﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ‬

electronic mail

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻْﻮِﺗ‬ َ ‫َﺑِﺮﻳﺪ‬

voice mail

change

‫ﺟﻬﺎز‬ ِ ِ‫ﺟ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻬﺰة‬

bridge

device

‫ﺟﻬﺎز ُﻣﻌﺎَﻟﺠﺔ‬ ِ ُ ‫ﺼﻮص‬ ُ ‫اﻟّﻨ‬

word processor

‫ﺟﻴﻐﺎِﺑﻴﺖ‬ ِ

gigabyte

‫ﺟﻴﻐﺎﻫﺮﺗﺰ‬

gigahertz

‫ﺟﻬﺎز‬ ِ pl. ‫ﻬﺰة‬ ِ‫ﺟ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

device, piece of hardware

88

SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

‫ﺤﺚ‬ ْ ‫ﺟﻬﺎز َﺑ‬

see ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬

‫ﻣﺤﺮك‬

‫ﺟﻴﻞ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺟﻴﺎل‬ ْ ‫أ‬

generation (e.g. of computers)

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟﺰ ﻧﺎِر‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺎ‬

firewall

(‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳﺐ )إِﻟْﻜﺘﺮوﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺎ‬

see ‫ﻛﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬

pl. (‫ﺳﺐ )إﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﻮا‬ َ

‫راِﺑﻄﺔ‬

link

‫راﺋﺪ‬

surfer (Internet)

َ ‫ُر‬ pl. ‫واد‬ ‫ِرﺳﺎﻟﺔ ِاﻟﻜﺘﺮوِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬ pl. – ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫َرﺳﺎﺋ‬

e-mail message

‫ﺼﻴﺮة‬ ِ ‫ِرﺳﺎﻟﺔ َﻗ‬

text message

see ‫ﻛﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬

‫َر َّﻗَﻢ‬

to digitize

‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬

mode

‫ﺟﻊ‬ ِ ‫َرْﻗﻢ اﻟَﻤْﺮ‬

reference number

‫ﺣْﺒﺮ‬ ِ

ink, toner (printer)

‫َرْﻗﻤﻲ‬

digital, numerical

‫ﺠﻢ اﻟَﻮِﺛﻴﻘﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

document size

‫َرْﻣﺰ‬

symbol

capital letter

ُ ‫ُر‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻮز‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺼ‬ ِ ‫ﺨ‬ ْ ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﺳﺐ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺎ‬

personal computer

‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮب‬

‫ﺣْﺮف َﻛِﺒﻴﺮ‬ َ َ ‫ﺣُﺮوف‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻛِﺒﻴﺮة‬

‫ﺳْﺮﻋﺔ‬ ُ

speed (computer, drive)

user account

ُ ‫ﺳْﺮﻋﺔ اِﻻ َّﺗﺼﺎل‬

connection speed

to save

‫ﺳّﻠﺔ اﻟُﻤْﻬَﻤﻼت‬ َ

recycle bin

field (on screen)

‫ﺷﺎﺷﺔ‬

screen

‫ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ُﻣﺴﺎَﻋﺪة‬

help screen

َ ‫ﺣ َّﺮَر‬

to edit (text)

‫ﺨِﺪم‬ ْ ‫ﺴَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟُﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻆ‬ َ ‫ﺣِﻔ‬ َ (a) ‫ﺣْﻘﻞ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺣُﻘﻮل‬ ُ َ ‫ﺣَّﻤَﻞ‬

1. to load (e.g. page) 2. upload

َ ‫ﺣ َّﻮَل‬ ِّ ‫ﺧﺎ‬ َ ‫ﺻ َّﻴﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺺ‬ ُ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋ‬ َ

to convert property

‫ﺷِﺮﻳﻂ اﻷَدوات‬ َ pl. ‫ﻂ‬ ُ ‫ﺷﺮاﺋ‬

toolbar

‫ﺷِﺮﻳﻂ اﻟﻤﻬﺎّم‬ َ

task bar

َ ‫ﺷ َّﻔّﺮ‬

to encrypt

‫ﺷَﺒﻜﺔ‬ َ

network

‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟَﻌْﻨَﻜُﺒﻮت‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎَﻟِﻤَّﻴﺔ‬

World Wide Web

‫ﺻْﻔﺤﺔ‬ َ

page

‫ج‬ َ ‫ﺧَﺮ‬ َ (u)

to exit (a program)

َ ‫ﺧَّﺰَن‬

to store

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺧَﻠ‬ َ (u)

to create (document, etc.)

‫ﺧَﻞ‬ َ ‫( َد‬u)

to enter (e.g. words)

‫ﺿﻮح‬ ُ ‫َدَرﺟﺔ اﻟُﻮ‬

resolution (e.g. scanner)

َ pl. ‫ﺻَﻔﺤﺎت‬

‫ذاِﻛﺮة‬

memory

َ ‫ذاﻛﺮة‬ ‫ﺣ َّﻴﺔ‬

ِ ‫ﺻْﻔﺤﺔ ِرﺋﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺴ َّﻴﺔ‬

home page

RAM (Random Access

ُ ‫ﺼﻮص‬ ُ ‫ﺻْﻨُﺪوق اﻟ ُّﻨ‬

dialog box

Memory)

SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺿَﻐ‬ َ (a) ‫ﻃﺒﺎﻋﺔ‬ ِ pl. ‫ات‬-

89

2. click (mouse)

(‫ُﻗْﺮص )َﻣِﺮن‬ ِ ‫أْﻗﺮاص )َﻣ‬ pl. (‫ﺮﻧﺔ‬

printer

‫ُﻗْﺮص ﺟﺎِﻣﺪ‬

hard disk

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ُﻗْﺮص َرْﻗِﻤ‬

DVD

1. to press (key)

diskette

‫ﻃﺒﺎﻋﺔ َﻟْﻴَﺰر‬

laser printer

‫ُﻗْﺮص ُﻣَﺪ َّﻣﺞ‬

CD-ROM

‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ‬

capacity

‫ﺳﻮب‬ ُ ‫ُﻗْﺮﺻﺎن اﻟﺤﺎ‬

computer hacker

‫َﻋ َّﺪَل‬

to edit (a document)

‫ﻄَﻊ‬ َ ‫( َﻗ‬a)

to cut (text)

‫ض‬ َ ‫( َﻋَﺮ‬u)

to display

‫َﻗﻮاﺋﻢ اﻟَﺒِﺮﻳﺪ‬

mailing list

‫ﺤْﺰﻣﺔ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﺮﺿﺔ اﻟ‬

band width

‫ﻛﺎرت ﺻﻮت‬

sound card

sign, mark

‫َﻛِﻠﻤﺔ اﻟُﻤﺮور‬

password

‫ُﻛْﻤﺒُﻴﻮِﺗﺮ‬

computer

‫ﺤُﻤﻮل‬ ْ ‫ﻛﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ َﻣ‬

laptop computer

to close (file, document)

‫ﻛﻮﻛﻲ‬

cookie

chatroom

‫ﺻْﻠﺐ‬ ُ ‫ِﻛﻴﺎن‬

hardware

‫ِﻛﻴﻠﻮﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬

kilobyte

‫َﻋﻼﻣﺔ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻼﺋ‬ ‫ﺤْﺒﺮ‬ ِ ‫ُﻋْﻠﺒﺔ اﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﻋَﻠﺐ‬ ُ ‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫( َﻏَﻠ‬i) ‫ُﻏْﺮﻓﺔ اﻟُﻤﺤﺎَدﺛﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻏ‬ pl. - ‫ﺮف‬

toner cartridge

‫ﺼﻞ‬ ِ ‫َﻏْﻴﺮ ُﻣ َّﺘ‬

off-line

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ِ ‫( َﻟ‬a)

to paste (text)

‫ﺳﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﻏَّﻴﺮ ِا‬

to rename (e.g. file)

‫َﻟْﻌﺒﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬

computer game

‫َﻓْﺄرة‬

mouse

ِ ‫ُﻟﻐﺔ َﺑْﺮَﻣ‬ ‫ﺠ َّﻴﺔ‬

programming language

‫ﻓﺎِرغ‬

free, available (e.g. space)

‫ُﻟﻐﺔ َرْﻗِﻤ َّﻴﺔ‬

numerical language

‫( َﻓَﺘَﺢ‬i)

to open (a document)

‫َﻟْﻮﺣﺔ اُﻷّم‬

motherboard

‫ﺸْﻔﺮة‬ ِّ ‫( َﻓﻚَّ ُرُﻣﻮز اﻟ‬u)

to decode

‫ﺤﱡﻜﻢ‬ َ ‫َﻟﻮﺣﺔ اﻟ َّﺘ‬

control panel

‫ِﻓﻴﺮوس‬

virus

‫َﻟْﻮﺣﺔ اﻟَﻤﻔﺎِﺗﻴﺢ‬

keyboard

menu

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺿْﻮﺋ‬ َ ‫ﺳﺢ‬ ِ ‫ﻣﺎ‬

scanner

drop-down menu

‫ُﻣَﺒِّﺪل‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

1. drive

‫ُﻣَﺒْﺮِﻣﺞ‬

‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻮاﺋ‬ ‫ﺴَﺪﻟﺔ‬ َ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ُﻣﻨ‬ ‫ﻗﺎرىء‬

2. reader (device)

‫ﻗﺎرئ اﻷْﻗﺮاص‬ ‫اﻟُﻤَﺪَّﻣﺠﺔ‬

CD-ROM drive

‫ﺼ َّﻔﺢ‬ َ ‫ُﻣَﺘ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

switch

programmer browser

90

SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

‫ﺼﻞ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣ َّﺘ‬

on-line

َ ‫ُﻣَﺘ‬ ‫ﻄ َّﻠﺒﺎت‬

requirements

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺠَّﻠﺪ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

folder, directory

‫ﻣﺠﻠﺪ اﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺼﺎِدر‬ َّ ‫اﻟ‬

outbox (e-mail)

‫ﻣﺠﻠﺪ اﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ اﻟﻮاِرد‬

inbox (e-mail)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺪ َﻓْﺮِﻋ‬

subfolder

‫ﺠُﻤﻮﻋﺔ إﺧﺒﺎِرّﻳﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

‫ِﻣْﻔﺘﺎح‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻔﺎِﺗﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﺢ‬

key (keyboard)

‫ِﻣْﻔﺘﺎح إْدﺧﺎل‬

ENTER key

‫ُﻣَﻔِّﺮع‬

see ‫ﺟﻪ‬ ّ ‫ﻣﻮ‬

‫َﻣْﻜَﺘﺐ‬

desktop

ُ ‫َﻣﻜﺎِﺗ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﻒ‬ ّ ‫ِﻣَﻠ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

file

‫ﺳْﻠﻚ‬ ِ ‫ﻣﻦ دون‬

wireless

newsgroup

َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬ ‫ﺴﻖ‬

arranged

‫ﺤﺚ‬ ْ ‫ﺤِّﺮك اﻟَﺒ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

search engine

‫ﺻﻔﺎت‬ َ ‫ُﻣﻮا‬

product information

َّ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﻄﺔ َﻋَﻤﻞ‬

workstation

‫ﺟﻪ‬ ِّ ‫ُﻣَﻮ‬

router

‫ﺨَﺰن ﻟَﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

database

‫ ﻣﻮدﻳﻢ‬،‫ﻣﻮدم‬

modem

‫ﺷﺮ‬ ‫ُﻣَﺆ ﱢ‬

cursor

‫َﻣْﻮِﻗﻊ‬

(web) site

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ُﻣَﺪﱢﻗﻖ إْﻣﻼِﺋ‬

spell-checker

‫ُﻣﺮَﻓﻖ‬

attachment

ُ ‫َﻣﻮاِﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬

‫ُﻣَﺰﱠود‬

server

‫ِﻣﻴﺰة‬

characteristic, feature

‫َﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ُﻣَﺘَﻮﱠﻓﺮة‬

available space

‫ِﻣﻴﻐﺎِﺑﻴﺖ‬

megabyte

‫ﺨِﺪم‬ ْ ‫ﺴَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

user

‫ﻧﺎِﻓﺬة‬

window

ُ ‫َﻧﻮاِﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﺬ‬

‫ﺴَﺘَﻨﺪ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

see ‫وﺛﻴﻘﺔ‬

‫ﻄﻮاﻧﺎت‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﺠﻞ ا‬ ‫ﺴ ﱢ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

CD writer

‫ُﻣﻌِﻠﺞ‬

processor

‫ﺼﻮص‬ ُ ‫ُﻣﻌﺎَﻟﺠﺔ اﻟَّﻨ‬

word processing

‫ﻄﻴﺎت‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻌ‬

data

‫( َﻣْﻌُﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬pl.)

information

‫ِﻧﻄﺎق‬ ُ ‫ُﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﻄﻖ‬

criterion

‫ﺸِﻐﻴﻞ‬ ْ ‫ِﻧﻈﺎم اﻟ َّﺘ‬

operating system

‫ِﻧﻈﺎم‬

system

‫ِﻣْﻌﻴﺎر‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻌﺎِﻳﻴ‬

‫َﻧَّﺰَل‬

to download

‫ﺴَﺦ‬ َ ‫( َﻧ‬a)

to copy

ِ ‫ﺣِﺘﻴﺎ‬ ْ ‫ﺴﺨﺔ ِا‬ ْ ‫ُﻧ‬ ‫ﻃ َّﻴﺔ‬

backup file

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َّ ‫َﻧ‬

to install (e.g. software)

‫ﺳَﻬﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﻣﻔﺎِﺗﻴﺢ اﻷ‬

arrow keys

ِ ‫َأْﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﻈﻤﺔ‬

‫َﻣﻔﺎِﺗﻴﺢ اﻟّﺪوال‬

function keys

‫َﻧْﻘﺮة‬

domain

click

THE MEDIA

91

‫( َﻧَﻘﻞ‬u)

to move (text, document)

ِ ‫َو‬ ‫ﺨِﺰﻳﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺳﻴﻂ اﻟَّﺘ‬

‫َﻧْﻘﻞ اﻟَﻤْﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬

data transfer

ُ ‫َوﺳﺎﺋ‬ pl. – ‫ﻂ‬

‫ﻲ‬ َ ‫( َﻧِﻬ‬a)

to end, quit (e.g. program)

‫ﺻﻠﺔ‬ ْ ‫َو‬

see ‫راﺑﻄﺔ‬

‫َوِﺛﻴﻘﺔ‬

document

‫َوﺻﻼت ﻫﺎﻳﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻛﺴﺖ‬

Hyper Text Protocol (http)

ُ ‫َوﺛﺎﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬

storage device

The media ‫َﻋﻦ‬/‫ب‬ ِ َ‫أْﺑَﻠﻎ‬

to inform s.o. of s.thing

‫ِاْﻋَﺘَﻘَﺪ‬

to believe

(‫أﺟﺎب )ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to reply, respond (to)

(‫أْﻋَﺮبَ )ﻋﻦ‬

to express

‫ﺧﺒﺎر‬ ْ ‫اﻷ‬

the news

‫أْﻋَﻠَﻦ‬

to announce, declare

ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺎر ﺣﺎِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

current affairs

‫ﺧﺒﺎر ُدَوِﻟّﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

international news

‫إْﻋﻼن‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

1. declaration, announcement 2. advertisement

‫ﺤِّﻠّﻴﺔ‬ َ ‫أﺧﺒﺎر َﻣ‬

local news

(‫أذاعَ )ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to broadcast (to)

‫إذاﻋﺔ‬

broadcast (radio, tv)

‫ﻄَﺮَد‬ ْ ‫ﺳَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to go on to say

‫أﺷﺎرَ إﻟﻰ‬

to point to

‫إﺷﺎرة‬

sign, indication

‫أْﻣﺮ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻮر‬ ُ ‫ُأ‬

‫إﺷﺎﻋﺔ‬

rumour, gossip

‫ﺸَﺮ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧَﺘ‬

to be widespread

‫ﺷِﺘﺮاك‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

subscription

‫ِاْﻧِﺘﻘﺎد‬

review

(‫ﺷَﺘَﺮكَ )ﻓﻲ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to subscribe (to)

‫أْﻧَﻜَﺮ‬

to deny

‫ﺻَﺪَر‬ ْ ‫أ‬

see ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﻧﺸ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫إﻳﺠﺎِﺑ‬

positive

َّ ‫أﻋﺎدَ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻄْﺒﻊ‬

to reprint

‫ﺴﺒﺔ إﻟﻰ‬ ْ ‫ِﺑﺎﻟِّﻨ‬

with regard to

‫ﻄْﺒﻊ‬ َ ‫إﻋﺎدة اﻟ‬

reprint

‫ِاْﻋَﺘَﺒَﺮ‬

to consider, regard

‫َﺑَﻴﺎن‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ف‬ َ ‫ِاْﻋَﺘَﺮ‬

to acknowledge, recognize

َّ ‫ﺤﺖ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﻄْﺒﻊ‬

‫إْﻋﻼﻧﺎت ُﻣَﺒ َّﻮﺑﺔ‬

classified ads

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻗَﺘ‬

to abridge

‫أ َّﻛَﺪ‬

to confirm

‫ﺿَﺮًة‬ َ ‫أْﻟَﻘﻰ ُﻣﺤﺎ‬

to deliver a speech matter

statement, declaration

in press

92

‫ﺤِﻠﻴﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

THE MEDIA analysis

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ب‬ َ ‫ﺴَّﺮ‬

to circulate (news)

‫ﺼِﺮﻳﺢ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

see ‫ﺑﻴﺎن‬

‫َﺗْﻌِﻠﻴﻖ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

commentary

‫ِﺑﺪون َﺗْﻌِﻠﻴﻖ‬

‘no comment’

‫ﻄﻴﺔ ﺗﻠﻴﻔﺰﻳﻮﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻐ‬

television coverage

‫َﺗْﻘِﺮﻳﺮ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﺗﻘﺎِرﻳ‬

‫اﻟ َّﺮأي اﻟﻌﺎّم‬

public opinion

(‫( َردَّ )ﻋﻠﻰ‬u)

see ‫أﺟﺎب‬

‫َرﻗﺎﺑﺔ‬

censorship

‫َرِﻗﻴﺐ‬

censor

ُ pl. ‫رَﻗﺒﺎُء‬ ‫( َزَﻋَﻢ‬u)

to claim

َّ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺠَﻞ‬

to record

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳْﻠِﺒ‬ َ

negative

‫ﺣﺪاث‬ ْ ‫ﺴﻠﺔ َأ‬ ِ ‫ﺳْﻠ‬ ِ

chain of events

report

‫َﺗْﻠَﻔَﺰ‬

to televise

‫ﺳﻴﺎق‬ ِ

context

‫ِﺗِﻠﻴِﻔﺰُﻳﻮن‬

television

َ ‫( ﺷﺎ‬i) ‫ع‬

to spread, disseminate

‫ﺗﻠﻴﻔﺰﻳﻮن ُﻣ َّﻠَﻮن‬

colour television

‫ﻀﻴﺪ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻨ‬

typesetting

‫ﺟِﺮﻳﺪة‬ َ ُ ‫ﺟﺮاﺋ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺣَﺪث‬ َ

newspaper

‫ﺷْﺄن‬ َ pl. ‫ﺆون‬ ُ‫ﺷ‬ ُ ‫ﺧﺒﺎِرّﻳﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺷَﺒﻜﺔ إ‬ َ

news network

َ ‫ﺷَّﺪدَ َﻋَﻠﻰ‬

to stress, emphasize

event

‫ﺷَﻬَﺮ‬ َ (a)

interview

‫ﺷِﻬﻴﺮ‬ َ

well known

‫ﺻﺤﺎﻓﺔ‬ ِ

journalism

‫ﺼﺤﺎﻓﺔ‬ ِّ ‫اﻟ‬

the press

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻﺤﺎِﻓ‬ ِ

1. journalistic

ْ ‫إ‬ pl. ‫ﺣﺪاث‬ ‫ﺣِﺪﻳﺚ‬ َ ِ ‫أﺣﺎ‬ pl. ‫دﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣِﺪﻳﺚ إذاِﻋ‬ َ

radio interview

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣِﺪﻳﺚ ِﺗِﻠﻴِﻔﻴِﺰُﻳﻮِﻧ‬ َ

television interview

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺤِﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ُ ‫ﺣِﺪﻳﺚ‬ َ

newspaper interview

ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ُ ‫ﺣْﻤﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺤِﻔ َّﻴﺔ‬

press campaign

‫ﺧْﺒﺮ‬ َ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺧﺒﺎر‬

see ‫ﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬

news item

to publicize, make well known

2. journalist

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺤِﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ُ

see ‫ﺻﺤﺎِﻓﻲ‬ َ

‫ﺤﻴﻔﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺻ‬ َ see ‫ﺟﺮﻳﺪة‬ pl. ‫ﺤﻒ‬ ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ُ ,‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫ﺻﺤﺎﺋ‬ َ

‫ﺸﺮ‬ ْ ‫دار اﻟ َّﻨ‬

publishing house

ِ ‫ﺻﺒﺎ‬ َ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺣ َّﻴﺔ‬

morning newspaper

‫( َذَﻛَﺮ‬u)

to mention

‫ﺻﺤﻴﻔﺔ َﻣﺴﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

evening newspaper

‫راِدﻳﻮ‬

radio

‫ﺻﺤﻴﻔﺔ َﻳْﻮِﻣ َّﻴﺔ‬

daily newspaper

THE MEDIA

93

‫ﺻَﺪَر‬ َ (i, u)

to publicize

َ ‫ب‬ ِ َ‫ﺻ َّﺮح‬

to state

‫ﺠﺮاﺋﺪ‬ َ ‫ﺸﻚ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫ُﻛ‬ pl. -‫ﻛﺸﺎك‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃﺒﺎِﻋ‬ ِ

typographic

‫ﻃﻌﺔ‬ َ ‫َﻛِﻠﻤﺎت ُﻣَﺘﻘﺎ‬

crossword

‫ﺠﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﻃْﺒﻊ اﻟ‬ َ

lithography

‫َﻟ َّﻤﺢَ إﻟﻰ‬

to allude to

‫ﻃْﺒﻌﺔ‬ َ

edition

‫َﻟْﻮﺣﺔ إْﻋﻼﻧﺎت‬

billboard

‫َﻋﻦ‬/‫ﻋﺎرٍ ِﻣﻦ‬

devoid of

َ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﺠَّﻠﺔ‬

magazine

‫ﻋﺎُﻣﻮد‬

column

‫ﺤﺮِّ ر‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

newspaper editor

َ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﻄﺔ اﻹذاﻋﺔ‬ َّ ‫ﺤ‬

radio station

‫ﻄﺔ اﻹْرﺳﺎل‬ َّ ‫ﻣﺤ‬

transmitter

‫ﺤِّﻠﻞ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

analyst

‫ُﻣَﺬﻳﻊ‬

announcer

‫ﺳﻞ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣﺮا‬

reporter, correspondent

pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻮاِﻣﻴ‬

‫ب‬ ِ َ‫َﻋَّﺒﺮ‬

see ‫أﻋﺮب‬

‫ﺸﻒ اﻟُﻬِﻮﻳﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻋَﺪم َﻛ‬

anonymity

‫َﻋ َّﻠﻖَ َﻋَﻠﻰ‬

to comment on

‫ُﻋْﻨﻮان‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻨﺎِوﻳ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬

headline

news-stand

ْ ‫َﻏْﻠﻄﺔ َﻣ‬ ‫ﻄَﺒِﻌ َّﻴﺔ‬

misprint

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣْﺮِﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻣﺮاﺳﻞ‬

war correspondent

‫ِﻏﻴﺒﺔ‬

slander

‫ص‬ ّ ‫ﻣﺮاﺳﻞ ﺧﺎ‬

special correspondent

‫َﻓْﺘﺮة اﻹْﻋﻼﻧﺎت‬

commercial break

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺿ‬ ِ ‫ﻣﺮاﺳﻞ ِرﻳﺎ‬

sports correspondent

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِﻓْﻌِﻠ‬

factual

‫ﺳﻠﺔ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣْﺮ‬

transmitter (radio)

‫ب‬ ِ َ‫ِﻓﻴﻤﺎ َﻳَﺘَﻌَّﻠﻖ‬

concerning, as regards

‫ﻗﺎَﺑَﻞ‬

to interview

(‫( ﻗﺎلَ )إن‬u)

to say (that)

‫ﻄُﺒﻮﻋﺎت‬ ْ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟَﻤ‬

press law

‫ﻀﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻗ‬ pl. ‫َﻗﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫َﻗﻨﺎة‬ pl. ‫َﻗَﻨﻮات‬ ‫َﻗﻨﺎة َﻓﻀﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎرﻳﻜﺎﺗﻴﺮ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ‫( َﻛ‬i)

issue, question

channel (tv)

satellite channel cartoon

to expose, reveal

‫ﺴَﺄﻟﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺴﺎﺋ‬

see ‫ﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﻄْﺒﻊ‬ َّ ‫ﺴَّﻮدة اﻟ‬

galley proof

‫ﺸَﺘِﺮك‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

subscriber

َّ ‫َﻣﺼﺎِدر ُﻣ‬ ‫ﻄَﻠﻌﺔ‬

informed sources

‫َﻣﺼﺎِدر َﻣﻮُﺛﻮﻗﺔ ِﺑﻬﺎ‬

reliable sources

‫ﺼَﺪر‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ر‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺼﺎِد‬ ‫ﻄَﺒﻌﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻄﺎِﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬

source

printing press

‫ﻄُﺒﻮﻋﺎت‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

printed material

‫ُﻣﻔﺎد‬

gist (e.g. of an article)

94

SPORTS

‫ُﻣﻘﺎَﺑﻠﺔ‬

see ‫ﺣﺪﻳﺚ‬

‫َﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬

article

ِ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ ِاْﻓِﺘﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﺣ َّﻴﺔ‬

editorial

ْ ‫ﻧﺸﺮة إ‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺎِر َّﻳﺔ‬

newscast (radio)

‫ﻀﺐ‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻘﺘ‬

concise

ْ ‫ﻧﺸﺮة ُأ‬ ‫ﺳُﺒﻮِﻋ َّﻴﺔ‬

weekly publication

‫ﺧَﺮى‬ ْ ‫ﺟﻬﺔ ُأ‬ ِ ‫ِﻣﻦ‬

on the other hand

‫ﻧﺸﺮة َدْوِر َّﻳﺔ‬

periodical publication

‫ﺤَﺘَﻤﻞ أن‬ ْ ‫ِﻣﻦ اﻟُﻤ‬

it is probable that

ْ ‫ﻧﺸﺮة َر‬ ‫ﺳِﻤ َّﻴﺔ‬

official bulletin

‫ِﻣﻦ اﻟُﻤَﺘَﻮ َّﻗﻊ أن‬

it is expected that

َ ‫ﻧﺸﺮة‬ ‫ﺷْﻬِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

monthly publication

‫ﺸﺮ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣْﻨَﺘ‬

widespread, prevalent

‫ﻀَﺪ‬ َّ ‫َﻧ‬

to typeset, compose

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺤِﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ُ ‫ُﻣﺆَﺗَﻤﺮ‬

press conference

‫ﺟﺰ‬ َ ‫ُﻣﻮ‬

summary

‫ِﻧﻄﺎق‬ ُ ‫ُﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﻄﻖ‬

‫ﺷﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻧﺎ‬

publisher

‫ﻈﺮاً إَﻟﻰ‬ َ ‫َﻧ‬

in view of

‫َﻧْﻘﺪ‬

criticism

‫( َﻧَﻘَﻞ‬u)

to convey

‫ﻀّﺪ‬ َّ ‫َﻧ‬

to compose (typeset)

‫ﻧﺎِﻗﺪ‬ pl. ‫ون‬-, ‫ُﻧَّﻘﺎد‬, ‫َﻧَﻘﺪة‬ ‫ُﻧْﺒﺬة‬

2. publication 3. leaflet

critic

section (in newspaper)

pl. ‫ُﻧَﺒﺬ‬

4. see ‫إﻋﻼن‬

‫واِﻗﻌﺔ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

scope, sphere

incident

‫ﺸَﺮ‬ َ ‫( َﻧ‬u)

to publish

‫ﺸﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻧ‬

publishing

‫َوﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻹْﻋﻼم‬

the media

‫ﺸﺮة‬ ْ ‫َﻧ‬

1. broadcast

‫َوﻛﺎﻟﺔ اﻷْﻧﺒﺎء‬

news agency

‫إْﺑﻌﺎد‬

exclusion (player)

‫ﺳﺘﺎد‬ ْ ‫إ‬

stadium

‫أْﺑَﻌَﺪ‬

to expel

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺳﺘﺄَﻧ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to resume (play)

‫ﻄَﺮْﻧﺞ‬ ْ ‫ﺸ‬ َّ ‫ِاَّﺗﺤﺎد اﻟ‬

chess federation

‫ب‬ ِ َ‫ُأْﻏِﺮم‬

to support (e.g. a team)

‫ِاَّﺗﺤﺎد اﻟُﻜَّﺮة‬

football association

‫أْﻗَﻠَﻊ‬

to sail

‫ﺼﺮًا‬ ْ ‫ﺣَﺮزَ َﻧ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to win a victory

‫ﻰ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻟَﺘﻘ‬

to meet (teams)

‫ﺳﺒﺎِﺗﻲ‬ ْ ‫إ‬

clubs (playing cards)

‫أْﻟﻌﺎب اﻟُﻘﻮى‬

track and field

Sports

SPORTS

95

‫أْﻟﻌﺎب ﻧﺎِر َّﻳﺔ‬

fireworks

‫َﺗَﻔ ُّﻮق ﻋﻠﻰ‬

superiority over

‫ﺸﻮدة‬ ُ ‫أْﻧ‬

anthem, hymn

‫َﺗَﻤَﺘَﻊ ب‬

to enjoy

‫َﺗْﻤِﺮﻳﺮ‬

pass (football)

ُ ‫ﺷﻴ‬ ِ ‫أﻧﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ‫أﱠﻫﻞَ ِل‬

to qualify for (e.g. other round)

‫ﺴُﺘﻮِﻧﻲ‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬ ‫ﻄﻞ‬ َ ‫َﺑ‬ pl. ‫أْﺑﻄﺎل‬

spades (playing cards) champion

‫ﻄﻮﻟﺔ‬ ُ ‫ُﺑ‬

championship

‫ﺑﻄﻮﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺎَﻟﻢ‬

world championship

َّ ‫ُﺑْﻨُﺪِﻗﻴﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺼْﻴﺪ‬ ِ ‫َﺑﻨﺎ‬ pl. -‫دق‬ ‫َﺑْﻴَﺪق‬ pl. ‫ق‬ ُ ‫َﺑﻴﺎِد‬

‫َﺗِﻨﺲ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺋﺰة‬ pl. ‫ﺰ‬ ُ ‫ﺟﻮاﺋ‬ َ

exercise, training

tennis prize

َ ‫ف‬ َ ‫ﺟَّﺪ‬

to row

‫ﺟَﺮى‬ َ (i)

to run

‫ﺟْﻨﺒﺎز‬ ُ

gymnastics

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟْﻨﺒﺎِز‬ ُ

gymnast

‫ﺟﻮﻟﻒ‬

golf

‫( ﺣﺎَذ‬u)

to spur on (animals)

‫ﺣﺎِرس اﻟَﻤْﺮَﻣﻰ‬

goalkeeper

‫ﺣﺰام َﻧﺠﺎة‬ ِ

swimming belt decider

hunting rifle

pawn (chess)

‫ﺠِﺪﻳﻒ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

rowing

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺨَّﻠ‬

to lag behind

‫ﺧﻴﺺ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﺮ‬ pl. ‫ﺺ‬ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫َﺗﺮا‬

‫َﺗْﻤِﺮﻳﻦ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

licence

‫ﺣَﻢ‬ َ ‫َﺗﺰا‬

to compete with one another

‫ﺴﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

‫ﺠِﻠﻴﺪ‬ َ ‫ﺣَﻠﻖَ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫َﺗَﺰ‬

to ice-skate

‫ﺣﺼﺎن‬ ِ

1. riding horse 2. knight (chess)

‫ﺠِﻠﻴﺪ‬ َ ‫ﺣُﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫َﺗَﺰ‬

ice-skating

‫َﺗَﺰ َّﻟَﺞ‬

to ski

‫َﺗﺴﺎُﺑﻖ‬

competitiveness

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺴَّﻠ‬

to climb (mountain)

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺴ ُّﻠﻞ‬

offside (football)

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺸْﻘَﻠ‬ َ ‫َﺗ‬

to do a somersault

‫ﺼِﻔﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

elimination

‫َﺗﻌﺎَدَل‬

to draw, be equal

‫َﺗﻌﺎُدل‬

draw, tie

‫ﺣَﻜﻢ‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﻜﺎم‬ َّ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣْﻜﻢ ِﻧﻬﺎﺋ‬ ُ ‫ﺣْﻠﺒﺔ‬ َ َ pl. ‫ﺣَﻠﺒﺎت‬ ‫ﺣﻠﺒﺔ اﻟُﻤﺼﺎرﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﻮش‬ ُ ‫ﺧْﺮ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺶ‬ ُ ‫ﻃﻴ‬ ِ ‫ﺧﺮا‬ َ ‫ﺧْﺮُﻓﻮﺷﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺶ‬ ُ ‫ﺧﺮاِﻓﻴ‬ َ

referee, umpire

final judgement race track

wrestling ring cartridge (rifle)

discard (card playing)

96

SPORTS

‫ﺴَﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ (a)

to lose

‫َرْﻣﻰ ﺗﺎﻟ ُّﺮْﻣﺢ‬

javelin throwing

‫ﺼﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

adversary

‫َرْﻣﻰ اﻟُﻘْﺮص‬

discus throwing

َ ‫َرْﻣﻰ ُﻛﺮة‬ ‫ﺣِﺪﻳِﺪ َّﻳﺔ‬

shotput

‫ِرﻳﺎﺿﺔ‬

sport

‫ِرﻳﺎﺿﺎت‬

athletics

ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺼﻮم‬ ‫ﻄﺄ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

fault

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ َ (i)

to throw

‫ﺧَﻠﻒَ َﻋﻦ‬ َ (u)

to stay away from

‫اﻟ َّﺪاﻣﺎ‬

draughts, checkers

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺿ‬ ِ ‫ِرﻳﺎ‬

athlete, sportsman

‫ِدﻓﺎع‬

defence

‫ﺣَﻢ‬ َ ‫زا‬

to compete with s.o.

round (n.)

‫ﺣﺎﻓﺔ‬ َ ‫َز‬

1. sled

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ِدﻳﻨﺎِر‬

diamonds (playing cards)

‫ﺣُﻠﻮﻗﺔ‬ ْ ‫َز‬

‫راِﻛﺐ اﻟَّﺪراﺟﺔ‬

cyclist

‫راِﻣﻰ اﻟُّﺮْﻣﺢ‬

javelin thrower

‫راِﻣﻰ اﻟُﻘْﺮص‬

discus thrower

‫راَﻫَﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to bet on

‫ُرْﺗﺒﺔ‬

class, category

‫ﺲ‬ َ ‫( َرَﻓ‬i, u)

to kick

‫( َرِﻓَﻊ‬a)

to lift

‫َرِﻓﻊَ اﻷْﺛﻘﺘﻞ‬

to lift weights

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫َرْﻗﻢ ِﻗﻴﺎ‬

record

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫( َرِﻛ‬a)

to ride (horse, bicycle, etc.)

‫َرِﻛﺐَ اﻟ َّﺪَراﺟﺔ‬

‫َدْور‬ ْ‫أ‬ pl. ‫دوار‬

2. see ‫زﺣﻠﻮﻗﺔ‬ 1. skate 2. ski

‫ﻄﺎُوﻟﺔ‬ َّ ‫( َزْﻫﺮ اﻟ‬coll.)

dice

‫ﺳﺎِﺑﺢ‬ swimmer ُ , ‫ﺳَﺒﺤﺎء‬ ُ pl. ‫ون‬-, ‫ﺳّﺒﺎح‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺣﺔ اﻷْﻟﻌﺎب‬

athletic track

‫ﺳﺒﺎق‬ ِ

race, contest

‫ﺳﺒﺎق اﻟَﺒَﺪل‬ ِ

relay race

‫ﺼﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﺤ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﺒﺎق اﻟ‬ ِ

horse race

‫ﺳﺒﺎق راﻟﻲ‬ ِ

rally

‫ﺳﺒﺎق اﻟَﻘﻮاِرب‬ ِ

boat race

to cycle

‫ﺠﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﺒﺎق اﻟُﻬ‬ ِ

camel race

‫ُرْﻛِﺒﻲ‬

rugby

‫ﺳَﺒَﺢ‬ َ (a)

to swim

‫ﺾ‬ َ ‫( َرَﻛ‬u)

to run (race), sprint

َّ ‫ﺳ‬ َ َ‫ﺠﻞ‬

to score

‫ُرُﻛﻮب اﻟ َّﺪَرﺟﺎت‬

cycling

َ ‫ﺳّﻴًﺎ‬ ِ ‫ﺠﻞَ َرْﻗﻤﺎً ِﻗﻴﺎ‬ َّ ‫ﺳ‬

to set a record

‫ﺨْﻴﻞ‬ َ ‫ُرُﻛﻮب اﻟ‬

horseriding

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺠﻞ َﻫَﺪِﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ

score (football)

‫ُرْﻣﺢ‬

javelin

pl. ‫رﻣﺎح‬ ِ , ‫أْرﻣﺎح‬

‫ﺳﺮج‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﺮوج‬ ُ‫ﺳ‬

saddle

SPORTS

97

‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺳَﻘ‬ َ (u)

to fall (down)

‫ﺿْﺮﺑﺔ‬ َ

kick (football)

ِّ ‫ﺳْﻠﻚ اﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﺴَّﻨﺎرة‬

fishline

‫ﺠﺰاء‬ َ ‫ﺿْﺮﺑﺔ اﻟ‬ َ

penalty kick

ِ ‫ﺳ َّﻨﺎرة‬

fishing tackle

ُ ‫ﺿْﺮﺑﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺣ َّﺮة‬

free kick

َ ‫ﺿْﺮﺑﺔ ُرْﻛِﻨ َّﻴﺔ‬

corner kick

‫ﺿْﺮﺑﺔ اﻟَﻤْﺮَﻣﻰ‬ َ

goal kick

‫ﻃَﺒﻘﺔ‬ َ

division, league

pl. ‫ﺮ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺳﻨﺎِﻧﻴ‬

‫ﺳْﻮط‬ َ pl. ‫ﺳﻮاط‬ ْ ‫أ‬

whip

ِ ‫ﺳﺒﺎق‬ ِ ‫ﺳ َّﻴﺎرة‬

racing car

‫ﺷَﺒﻜﺔ‬ َ

net (fishing)

‫ﺷﺮاع‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺮع‬ ُ ُ‫ﺷ‬

sail

‫ﻄَﺮْﻧﺞ‬ ْ ‫ﺷ‬ َ

chess

‫ﺷْﻘَﻠﺒﺔ‬ َ

somersault

‫ﺷْﻮط‬ َ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺷﻮاط‬

round, half (game)

َ ‫ﻃَﺮ‬ ‫ح‬ َ (a)

to eliminate (e.g. from competition)

‫ﻃْﺮح‬ ِ

elimination

‫ﻃْﻌﻢ‬ ُ

bait (e.g. fishing)

‫ﻋّﺪاء‬

runner (race)

‫ﺼﻨّﺎرة‬ َّ ‫َﻋﺼﺎ اﻟ‬

fishing rod

‫ﺠﻮﻟﻒ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﺼﺎ اﻟ‬

golf club (stick)

‫َﻋﺼﺎ اﻟﻬﻮﻛﻰ‬

hockey stick

‫ص‬ َ ‫( ﻏﺎ‬u)

to dive

‫ﺷﻴﺶ‬ ِ

rapier, foil

ِ ‫ﺻﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺐ اﻟ َّﺮْﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫اﻟِﻘﻴﺎ‬

record holder

‫( ﺻﺎَد‬i)

to hunt

‫ﻏﺎٍو‬ pl. ‫ﻏﻮاة‬ ُ

َّ ‫ﺻﺎد اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴَﻤﻚ‬

fishing

َّ ‫َﻏ‬ ‫ﻄﺎ‬

to cover (e.g. the goal)

‫ع‬ َ ‫ﺻﺎَر‬

to wrestle

‫َﻏَّﻮاص‬

diver

‫ﺻﺮاع‬ ِ

wrestling

َ ‫ﺻ َّﻔﺎرة‬

whistle

‫ﺻﻔﺎرة اﻟِﺒﺪاﻳﺔ‬

starting whistle

‫ﺻﻔﺎرة اﻟِّﻨﻬﺎَﻳﺔ‬

final whistle

‫( ﻓﺎَز‬u)

to win

َ ‫ﺻ َّﻴﺎد‬

hunter

‫ب‬ ِ ‫( ﻓﺎزَ ﻋَﻠﻰ‬u)

to beat s.o. at s.thing

‫ﺻْﻴﺪ‬ َ

hunting

‫ﻓﺎﺋﺰ‬

winner

fishing

‫َﻓِﺮﻳﻖ‬ pl. ‫ﺮوق‬ ُ ‫ُﻓ‬

َّ ‫ﺻْﻴﺪ اﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺴَﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ﺿِﺮبَ َرْﻗﻢ ِﻗﻴﺎ‬ َ

to beat a record

‫َﻏْﻮص‬ pl. ‫ﻏﻮاص‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻓﺎِرس‬ pl. ‫ﺮﺳﺎن‬ ْ ‫ُﻓ‬

fan, amateur (of something)

dive

horseman

team

98

SPORTS

‫ﻛﺮة َﺗِﻨﺲ‬

tennis ball

َّ ‫ﻛﺮة اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﺔ‬

basketball (game)

َّ ‫ﻛﺮة اﻟ‬ ‫ﻄﺎُوﻟﺔ‬

table tennis

‫ﻛﺮة اﻟَﻘَﺪم‬

football (game)

‫ﻛﺮة اﻟَﻴﺪ‬

handball (game)

‫ُﻛْﺮﺑﺎج‬

(riding) whip

‫َﻓﻦّ اِﻻْﻧِﺰﻻق ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺠِﻠﻴﺪ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

figure skating

‫َﻓﻦّ اﻟِﻘﺘﺎل‬

martial arts

‫َﻓْﻮز‬

victory

‫َﻓْﻮز ﺑﺎﻟ ُّﻨَﻘﻂ‬

victory on points

‫ﻓﻮﻟﻰ ﺑﻮل‬

volleyball

‫ﻄْﻠﻖ‬ َّ ‫ﻓﻲ اﻟَﻬﻮاء اﻟ‬

outdoors

pl. ‫ﺞ‬ ُ ‫َﻛﺮاِﺑﻴ‬

bishop (chess)

‫ﻛﺮﻳﻜﻴﺖ‬

cricket

(‫ِﻛﺶّ )اﻟَﻤِﻠﻚ‬

check! (chess)

‫ﺸﺎف‬ َّ ‫َﻛ‬

boy scout

‫ِﻓﻴﻞ‬ pl. ‫ِﻓَﻴﻠﺔ‬, ‫ُﻓُﻴﻮل‬, ‫أْﻓﻴﺎل‬ ‫َﻗْﺒﻘﺎب اِﻻْﻧِﺰﻻق‬

see ‫( زﺣﻠﻮﻗﺔ‬1)

ُ ‫َﻗﺒﺎِﻗﻴ‬ pl. -‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﺠِﺪﻳﻒ‬ ْ ‫ﻗﺎِرب َﺗ‬

rowing boat

‫ﺟﺴﺎم‬ ْ ‫َﻛﻤﺎل اَﻷ‬

bodybuilding

‫ﺳﺒﺎق‬ ِ ‫ﻗﺎِرب‬

racing boat

‫ﻛﻮﺑﺔ‬

hearts (playing cards)

‫ُﻗْﺮص‬

discus

‫ﻻِﻋﺐ‬

player

‫ﻄﻌﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِﻗ‬ َ ‫ِﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﻄﻊ‬

piece (e.g. chess)

‫ُﻗّﻔﺎز اﻟُﻤﻼَﻛﻤﺔ‬

boxing glove

‫( َﻗَﻔَﺰ‬i)

to jump

‫ﻃِﻮﻳﻞ‬ َ ‫َﻗْﻔﺰ‬

long jump

‫َﻗْﻔﺰ ﻋﺎٍل‬

high jump

‫َﻗْﻔﺰ ﻋﺎٍل ﺑﺎﻟَﻌﺼﺎ‬

pole vault

‫َﻗْﻠﻌﺔ‬ ُ ‫ِﻗﻼ‬, ‫ُﻗُﻠﻮع‬ pl. ‫ع‬ ‫َﻛﺄس‬ ُ , ‫َﻛﺌﺎس‬ pl. ‫ﻛﺆوس‬

rook (chess)

cup

‫َﻛﺄس اﻟﻌﺎَﻟﻢ‬

World Cup

‫( َﻛَﺒَﺢ‬a)

to rein in (horse)

‫ُﻛﺮة‬ ‫ُﻛﺮ ﹰ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ى‬

ball

‫ﻻﻧﺶ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﻻَﻛَﻢ‬ ‫ِﻟﺠﺎم‬ ِ ‫أْﻟ‬, ‫ﺠﻢ‬ ُ ‫ُﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﺠﻤﺔ‬

launch, motorboat

to box rein(s), bridle

‫ﺠَﻢ‬ َ ‫َﻟ‬

to bridle (horse)

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫( َﻟِﻌ‬a)

to play (e.g. tennis, golf)

‫َﻟْﻌﺐ اﻟﺒﺮدج‬

bridge

‫َﻟِﻌﺐَ اﻟُﻜﺮة ﺑﺎﻟ َّﺮْأس‬

to head (ball)

‫َﻟْﻌﺒﺔ‬

game

‫ﺸﻴﺶ‬ ِّ ‫ﻟﻌﺒﺔ اﻟ‬

fencing

‫ﻄﺎُوﻟﺔ‬ َ ‫َﻟْﻌﺒﺔ اﻟ‬

backgammon

‫( َﻟَﻜَﻢ‬u)

to box

‫َﻟْﻜﻤﺔ‬

punch

SPORTS

99

‫َﻟْﻮﺟﻪ‬

offside (football)

‫َﻣ َّﺮَن‬

to train, exercise

‫ﺤِّﺮك‬ َ ‫َﻟْﻮح ُﻣَﺘ‬

springboard

‫ِﻣْﺰَﻟﺞ‬

see ‫( زﺣﻠﻮﻗﺔ‬2)

‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ اﻟَّﺪاﻣﺎ‬

draughts board

ُ ‫َﻣﺰاِﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﺞ‬

‫ﻄَﺮﻧﺞ‬ ْ ‫ﺸ‬ َّ ‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ اﻟ‬

chessboard

‫ﺸﺎء‬ َّ ‫َﻣ‬

walker (athletics)

‫س‬ َ ‫ﻣﺎَر‬

to practise (a sport)

‫ُﻣﺸﺎِﻋﺐ‬

(football) hooligan

‫ُﻣﺒﺎراة‬

match, tournament

‫ﺠﻊ‬ ‫ﺸ ﱢ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

supporter, fan

‫ُﻣﺒﺎراة أْرَﺑﻊ ﻧﻬﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

quarter-final

‫ُﻣﺒﺎراة اﻟَّﺬﻫﺎب‬

away game

ِ ‫ُﻣﺒﺎراة َزْو‬ ‫ﺟ َّﻴﺔ‬

doubles

‫ُﻣﺒﺎراة َﻓْﺮِد َّﻳﺔ‬

singles

ْ ‫ُﻣﺒﺎراة ُﻧ‬ ‫ﺼﻒ ِﻧﻬﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

semi-final

‫ُﻣﺒﺎراة ِﻧﻬﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

final

‫ﺣِﻠﻖ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣَﺘَﺰ‬

skater

ُ ‫َﻣﻀﺎِر‬ pl. ‫ب‬

‫ُﻣَﺘَﺰﱢﻟﺞ‬

skier

‫َﻣْﻌُﺮوف‬

known

‫ُﻣَﺘَﻘِّﺪم‬

senior

‫ﻄﻰ‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻐ‬

indoor

oar

‫َﻣْﻐُﻠﻮب‬

loser

‫ﺠﺪاف‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺠﺎِدﻳ‬

‫ﺸُﻬﻮر‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺸﺎِﻫﻴ‬

famous

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺸ َّﻮق‬

fascinating

‫ﺸﻰ‬ َ ‫( َﻣ‬i)

to walk

‫ُﻣﺼﺎِرع‬

wrestler

‫ُﻣﺼﺎَرﻋﺔ‬

wrestling match

‫ﻀَﺮب‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

racket (e.g. tennis)

‫َﻣْﻘَﻌﺪ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻘﺎِﻋ‬

seat

‫ﺠِّﺪف‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

rower

‫ُﻣﺤﺎَورة‬

dribble (football)

‫ُﻣﺪاِﻓﻊ‬

defender (e.g. football)

‫ِﻣْﻘَﻮد‬ pl. ‫ود‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻘﺎ‬

‫ُﻣَﺪِّرب‬

coach

‫ﺸﻮف‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻜ‬

open-air, outdoor

‫ﻄﻮط‬ ُ ‫ﺨ‬ ُ ‫ُﻣﺮاِﻗﺐ اﻟ‬

linesman (football)

‫ُﻣﻼِﻛﻢ‬

boxer

‫ُﻣﺮاَﻫﻨﺔ‬

bet, wager

‫َﻣْﺮَﺗﺒﺔ َﻫﻮاﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬ pl. - ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺮاِﺗ‬ ‫َﻣ َّﺮَر‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫َﻣْﺮﻣ‬ ٍ ‫َﻣﺮا‬ pl. ‫م‬

air mattress

to pass (ball) goal (structure)

‫ُﻣﻼِﻛﻤﺔ‬ ‫َﻣْﻠَﻌﺐ اﻟَّﺘِﻨﺲ‬ ‫َﻣِﻠﻚ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻣُﻠﻮك‬

leading rein

boxing tennis court king (chess)

‫ﻄﻘﺔ‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻨ‬

area (pitch), side

‫ِﻣﻴﺪاِﻟَﻴﺔ‬

medal

100

‫ﺴﺒﺎق‬ ِّ ‫َﻣْﻴﺪان اﻟ‬ ‫ﻧﺎِدى‬ ِ ‫أْﻧ‬, ‫َﻧﻮاِد‬ pl. ‫ﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎِدي اﻟِّﺮﻳﺎﺿﺔ‬ ‫ُﻧْﺰﻫﺔ‬ ِ ‫ُﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﺰه‬ ‫ﺤْﺒﻞ‬ َ ‫َﻧﻂّ اﻟ‬ ‫ُﻧْﻘﻄﺔ‬ pl. ‫ُﻧَﻘﻂ‬

ARTS AND ENTERTAINMENT race track club

sports club excursion, outing

rope skipping point

‫ِﻫﺪاﺟﺔ‬ ُ ‫َﻫﺪاﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﺞ‬ ‫َﻫَﺪف‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻫﺪاف‬ ‫َﻫِﺰﻳﻤﺔ‬

camel saddle

goal

defeat

pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫َﻫﺰاﺋ‬

‫ﻫﻮﻛﻰ‬

hockey

‫ﻫﻮﻛﻰ اِﻻْﻧِﺰﻻق‬

ice-hockey

‫َوَرق اﻟَﻠْﻌﺐ‬

playing cards

‫َوِزﻳﺮ‬

queen (in chess)

‫َﻧْﻬﺐ‬

gallop

‫ﺟَﻢ‬ َ ‫ﻫﺎ‬

to attack

(‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫ﺼ‬ ِ ‫ﺻﻒَ )َﻳ‬ َ ‫َو‬

to describe

to cheer (crowd)

‫ﺻﻒ‬ ْ ‫َو‬

description

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َوْﻗﺖ إﺿﺎﻓ‬

extra time

‫ﻳﻮدو‬

judo

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫( َﻫَﺘ‬i) َّ ‫َﻫ‬ ‫ﺠﺎن‬ pl. ‫ﺠﺎﻧﺔ‬ َّ ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﺠﻮم‬ ُ ‫ُﻫ‬

camel rider

attack

َ ‫ُو‬ pl. ‫زراء‬

Arts and entertainment ‫ﺧﺮاج‬ ْ ‫إ‬

production (film, theatre)

ِ ‫آﻟﺔ ُﻣﻮ‬ ‫ﺳﻴِﻘ َّﻴﺔ‬

musical instrument

‫ آداب‬،‫أَدب‬

literature

‫اوِﺑﺮا‬vُ

opera

‫ُأْرُﻏﻦ‬

organ

‫إﻳﻘﺎع‬

rhythm

‫ﺑﺎﻟﻮن‬

balloon

‫ﺑﺎِﻟﻴﻪ‬

ballet

‫ُﺑﻮق‬

trumpet

ُ ‫َأراِﻏ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺳِﺘْﻌﺮاض‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

revue, parade

‫ﺳُﺘَﻐَﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

hide-and-seek

‫ﻄﻮاﻧﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ا‬v‫ﹸ‬

phonograph record

pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫أْﺑﻮاق‬

‫ُأْﻏِﻨﻴﺔ‬

song

‫ق‬ َ ‫َﺑَّﻮ‬

to blow the trumpet

‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻮ‬

piano

slot machine

pl. ‫ِﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬

ٍ ‫أﻏﺎ‬ pl. ‫ن‬ ‫آﻟﺔ َﻟْﻌﺐ اﻟِﻘﻤﺎر‬

ARTS AND ENTERTAINMENT

‫ِﺑﻴﺒﺔ‬

pipe

‫َد َّوَر‬

‫ِﺗْﺒﻎ‬

tobacco

‫َدْوَزَن‬

101 to wind 1. to tune an instrument 2. to tune in (radio)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫اﻟ َّﺘْﺮِﻗﻴﻢ اﻟ ُّﺪَوِﻟ‬ ‫ي ﻟﻠُﻜُﺘﺐ‬ ّ ‫اﻟِﻤْﻌﻴﺎِر‬

International Standard

‫ُذْروة‬

climax (e.g. novel)

‫َرﺋﻴﺲ اﻟِﻔْﺮﻗﺔ‬

conductor (orchestra)

‫ﺧﻴﻢ‬ ِ ‫ِر‬

melodious

oneself

‫ﺳَﻢ‬ َ ‫( َر‬u)

to draw, paint

ْ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺴِﻠ َّﻴﺔ‬

entertainment

‫ﺺ‬ َ ‫( َرَﻗ‬u)

to dance

‫ﺼِﻔﻴﻖ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺎن‬ ْ ‫ﺳِﺘ‬ ْ ‫اِﻻ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺷْﺮِﻗ‬ َ ‫َرْﻗﺺ‬

belly dancing

applause

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺷْﻌِﺒ‬ َ ‫َرْﻗﺺ‬

folk dancing

‫ﺼِﻮﻳﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

photography

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺼِﻮﻳﺮ َرْﻗِﻤ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

digital photography

‫َﺗﻨﺎُﻏﻢ‬

harmony (music)

‫َرَّﻧﺎﻧﺔ‬

tuning fork

‫ﺤﱡﻜﻢ ﻣﻦ ُﺑْﻌﺪ‬ َ ‫ﺟﻬﺎز َﺗ‬ ِ

remote control (e.g. tv)

‫ِرواﻳﺔ‬

novel

‫ﺣْﺒﻜﺔ‬ َ

plot (e.g. book, play)

‫رواﻳﺔ ِﻏﻨﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

musical

ِ ‫ﺣْﻔﻠﺔ ُﻣﻮ‬ َ ‫ﺳﻴِﻘ َّﻴﺔ‬

musical concert

‫ﺤِﺰﻧﺔ‬ ْ ‫رواﻳﺔ ُﻣ‬

tragedy

ِ ‫ﺴَﺮ‬ ْ ‫رواﻳﺔ َﻣ‬ ‫ﺣ َّﻴﺔ‬

play (theatre)

‫ﺤﻜﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻀ‬ ْ ‫رواﻳﺔ ُﻣ‬

comedy

‫( َزَﻣَﺮ‬i, u)

to blow (a wind instrument) sorcerer, magician

Book Number (ISBN)

‫ﺴِﺮﻳﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

pastime

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺴ َّﻠﻰ‬

to be amused, to enjoy

‫َرْﻗﺼﺔ‬ pl. ‫رَﻗﺼﺎت‬ َ

ُ ‫ﺸﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣُﻘﻮق اﻟ َّﻨ‬ َّ ‫و اﻟ‬ ‫ﻄْﺒﻊ‬

copyright

‫ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ‬ ِ

see ‫ﻗﺼﺔ‬

َ ‫ﺣْﻠﺒﺔ اﻟ َّﺮْﻗﺺ‬

dance floor

َ ‫ﺤﺎر‬ َّ ‫ﺳ‬

bathhouse

‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺤﻮر‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺳﺤﺎر‬

‫ﺣﻤﺎم اﻟُﺒﺨﺎر‬

steam bath

َ ‫ﺳَّﻠَﻢ‬

َّ ‫َد‬ ‫ﺧَﻦ‬

to smoke (cigarette, cigar)

ُ ‫ﺳَّﻠﻢ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺳﻼِﻟﻢ‬

َ ‫ﺣ َّﻤﺎم‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ف‬ ّ ‫ُد‬ pl. ‫دُﻓﻮف‬ ُ

tambourine

dance

magic

to award (e.g. prize) scale (music)

َ ‫ﺳَّﻠﻰ‬

to entertain

‫َدْﻧَﺪَن‬

to hum

‫ﺳْﻤﻌﺔ‬ ُ

reputation

‫َد َّواﻣﺔ‬

top (toy)

‫ﺳﻴﺮك‬ ِ

circus

102

ARTS AND ENTERTAINMENT

‫ﺳﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬

cinema

‫ﺷﺎﺷﺔ‬

screen (e.g. cinema)

‫ﺷﺎِﻋﺮ‬ ِ‫ﺷ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻌﺮاُء‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺨﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺨ‬ ْ ‫ﺷ‬ ُ ُ ‫ﺷ‬ ِ ‫ﺷﺨﺎ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺦ‬ ‫ﺷِﺮﻳﻂ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺷﺮاﺋ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻂ‬ ‫ﺷِﺮﻳﻂ اﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ‬ َ ‫ﺷْﻌَﺒَﺬ‬ َ

poet

rattle (toy)

‫ﻃَﺒَﻞ‬ َ (u)

to drum

‫ﻃْﺒﻞ‬ َ

Western drum

pl. ‫ﻃُﺒﻮل‬ ُ , ‫ﻃﺒﺎل‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﻃْﺒﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻋﻮد‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻮاد‬

traditional drum lute

‫َﻋ َّﺮاف‬

fortune teller

‫َﻏ َّﻨﻰ‬

to sing

videotape

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ﻓﺎُﻧﻮس‬

magic lantern

to practise juggling, sleight

‫ِﻓْﺮﻗﺔ‬

band (music)

ِ ‫ﺴَﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِﻓْﺮﻗﺔ َﻣ‬ ‫ﺣ َّﻴﺔ‬

theatre company

‫ُﻓﻜﺎﻫﺔ‬

merriment, joking

‫ِﻓْﻠﻢ‬

film

audiocassette tape

of hand

‫ﺷْﻌَﺒﺬة‬ َ

sleight of hand, juggling

‫ﺷْﻌﺮ‬ ِ

poetry

‫ﺷْﻐﻞ اﻹْﺑﺮة‬ ُ

needlework

pl. ‫أْﻓﻼم‬

‫ﺷْﻬﺮة‬ ُ

fame

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺴ‬ ِ ‫ِﻓﻠﻢ ُﺑﻮِﻟﻴ‬

crime drama

pleasure

‫َﻓّﻦ‬

art

‫ﺷْﻬﻮة‬ َ َ‫ﺷ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻬﻮات‬

pl. ‫ُﻓُﻨﻮن‬

‫ﺷﻴﺸﺔ‬ ِ

hookah

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻓ ِّﻨ‬

artistic

‫ﺻﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻴﻘﻰ‬

concert hall

‫ِﻓﻴِﺪﻳﻮ‬

videocassette recorder

‫ﻗﺎَﻣَﺮ‬

to gamble

‫ُﻗْﺮﻋﺔ‬

(lottery) draw

‫ﻒ‬ ّ ‫ﺻ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺻُﻔﻮف‬ ُ

row (e.g. theatre)

َ ‫ُﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﺮع‬

َ ‫ﺻ َّﻔَﺮ‬

to whistle

َ ‫ﺻّﻔَﻖَ اﻷْﻳﺎِدي‬

to clap one’s hands

‫ﺼﺔ‬ َّ ‫ِﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﺼﺺ‬ َ ‫ِﻗ‬

‫ﺻْﻨﺞ‬ َ

cymbal

َّ ‫َﻗ‬ ِ ‫ﺼﺔ ُﺑﻮِﻟﻴ‬ ‫ﺴ َّﻴﺔ‬

detective story

َّ ‫ِﻗ‬ ‫ﺼﻴﺮة‬ ِ ‫ﺼﺔ َﻗ‬

short story

‫َﻗْﻮس‬

violin bow

pl. ‫ﺻُﻨﻮج‬ ُ

‫ﺿَﺮبَ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻮ‬ َ (i)

to play the piano

‫ﺸَﺮف‬ َ ‫ﺿْﻴﻒ اﻟ‬ َ

guest of honour

pl. ‫أْﻗﻮاس‬

َ ‫ﻃَّﺒﺎل‬

drummer

‫ِﻗﻴﺘﺎر‬

َ ‫ﻃ َّﺒﺎع‬

printer

pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻴﺎِﺗﻴ‬

story

guitar

ARTS AND ENTERTAINMENT

‫ﻛﺎِزﻳﻨﻮ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﺎزﻳﻨﻮﻫﺎت‬

casino

103

‫ﺼِّﻮر‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

photographer

‫ﺤﻚ‬ ِ ‫ﻀ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

funny

‫ﺴُﻤﻮع‬ ْ ‫ِﻛﺘﺎب َﻣ‬

audiobook

‫َﻛﻤﺎن‬

violin

‫ُﻛﻮَرس‬

choir

َّ ‫ﺧﻢ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻀ ﱢ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺼﻮت‬

loudspeaker

star (music, film)

‫َﻣْﻌَﺮض‬

exhibition

‫َﻛْﻮَﻛﺐ‬ ِ ‫َﻛﻮا‬ pl. ‫ﻛﺐ‬ ‫ُﻛﻮِﻟﻴﺲ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﻮاِﻟﻴﺲ‬ َ ‫ﺤﻦ‬ ْ ‫َﻟ‬ pl. ‫أْﻟﺤﺎن‬ ‫َﻟْﻌﺐ اﻟِﻘﻤﺎر‬ ‫ُﻟْﻐﺰ‬ pl. ‫أْﻟﻐﺎز‬ ‫َﻟْﻬﻮ‬ ‫َﻟْﻮﺣﺔ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫أْﻟﻮاح‬

‫ﺧﻢ‬ ‫ﻀ ﱢ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

amplifier

pl. ‫ض‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻌﺎِر‬ wings (theatre)

‫ُﻣَﻐٍﻦ‬

tune, melody

‫ِﻣْﻘَﺮﻋﺔ‬ pl. ‫ع‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻘﺎِر‬

game of chance riddle

amusement, diversion painting (object)

singer baton

‫ُﻣَﻐﱟﻦ‬

singer (male)

‫ُﻣَﻐ ِّﻨﻴﺔ‬

singer (female)

‫ُﻣَﻔْﺮِﻗﻌﺎت‬

fireworks

‫ُﻣﻘﺎِﻣﺮ‬

gambler

‫َﻣْﻘَﻤﺮ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻘﺎِﻣ‬

gambling house

‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ َزْﻳِﺘ َّﻴﺔ‬

oil painting

َّ ‫ُﻣﻜَِّﺒﺮ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺼْﻮت‬

microphone

‫ﺤﻒ‬ َ ‫َﻣْﺘ‬

museum

‫َﻣﻜَْﺘﺒﺔ ﻋﺎَﻣﺔ‬

public library

‫ﺤﻦ‬ ِّ ‫ُﻣَﻠ‬

composer

ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺘﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻒ‬ ‫ﺨِﺮج‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

director (e.g. film)

‫َﻣْﺮَﻗﺺ‬

dance hall

pl. ‫ﺺ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺮاِﻗ‬

‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫َﻣْﻠﻬ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻼٍه‬ َ

amusement centre, funfair

‫ُﻣَﻤِّﺘﻊ‬

enjoyable

‫َﻣَّﺰاح‬

jester

‫ُﻣَﻤِّﺜﻞ‬

actor

‫ح‬ َ ‫َﻣَّﺰ‬

to joke

‫ُﻣْﻨِﺘﺞ‬

producer (e.g. film)

‫ُﻣْﻨَﺘَﺰه‬

recreational area, park

‫َﻣْﻨَﺪوِﻟﻴﻦ‬

mandoline

‫ﺼﺔ‬ َّ ‫ِﻣَﻨ‬

platform (stage)

‫ُﻣَﻬ َّﺮج‬

jester, clown

‫ﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﺴ ﱢ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﺴَﺮج‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

tape recorder

theatre

ُ ‫َﻣﺴﺎِر‬ pl. ‫ح‬ ‫ﺣّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺴَﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

(theatre) play

104

‫َﻣْﻬَﺰﻟﺔ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻬﺎِز‬ pl. ‫ل‬

POLITICS farce

‫َﻧَﻐﻤﺔ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

tone

‫َﻣْﻮﺟﺔ اﻹْرﺳﺎل‬

transmission frequency

‫( َﻧَﻘَﺮ‬u)

to engrave

‫ﺳﻴﻘﺎر‬ ِ ‫ُﻣﻮ‬

musician

‫ﺶ‬ َ ‫( َﻧَﻘ‬u)

1. to sculpt

‫ﺳﻴَﻘﻰ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣﻮ‬

music

‫ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻰ راِﻗﺼﺔ‬

dance music

َ ‫ُﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﻜﺖ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻧﺎدى َﻟْﻴِﻠ‬

nightclub

(‫ُﻧﻮﺗﺔ )اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻴﻘّﻴﺔ‬

musical note

gong

‫س‬ َ ‫َﻫْﻨَﺪ‬

to sketch

‫ﻧﺎُﻗﻮس‬ pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َﻧﻮاِﻗﻴ‬ ‫ﻧﺎي‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺸﻴﻂ َﺗْﺮِﻓﻴِﻬ‬ ِ ‫َﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﺸﻄﺔ َﺗْﺮِﻓﻴ‬ ِ ‫أْﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﻬَّﻴﺔ‬

flute

recreational activity

2. to paint

‫ُﻧْﻜﺘﺔ‬

‫َوَﺗﺮ‬ pl.‫وﺗﺎر‬ ْ‫أ‬

joke

string (e.g. guitar, violin)

‫وْﻗﺖ ﻓﺎِرغ‬

leisure time

‫ﺼﻴﺐ‬ ِ ‫ﻳﺎ َﻧ‬

lottery

‫ﺟَﺘَﻤَﻊ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to meet (conference)

Politics ‫أْﺑَﺮَم‬

to ratify (pact, treaty)

‫ِاِّﺗﺤﺎد‬

unity, solidarity

‫ِا َّﺗَﻔﻖَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to agree on

‫إﺗﻔﺎق‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

agreement

‫ِاِّﺗﻔﺎِﻗ َّﻴﺔ‬

convention (agreement)

‫ﺳﻼم‬ َ ‫ِاَّﺗﻔﺎِﻗَّﻴﺔ‬

peace agreement

‫أﺛﺎَر‬

to incite

‫أﱠﺛَﺮ‬

to influence

‫أﺟﺎَر‬

to grant asylum

‫ﺟِﺘﻤﺎع‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

meeting

‫ﺟﺮاء‬ ْ ‫إ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

2. procedure

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣِﺘﻴﺎﻃ‬ ْ ‫ﺟﺮاء ِا‬ ْ ‫إ‬

precautionary measure

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳِﺘْﺜﻨﺎِﺋ‬ ْ ‫ﺟﺮاء ِا‬ ْ ‫إ‬

exceptional measure

‫ﺟَﺮى ِاْﻧِﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎت‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to hold elections

‫ﺟﻤﺎع‬ ْ ‫إ‬

unanimity

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟﻤﺎِﻋ‬ ْ ‫إ‬

unanimous

‫ﺟَﻤﻊَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to agree unanimously

‫ﺣَﺘﱠﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to protest against

‫ﺣِﺘﺠﺎج‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

protest

pl. ‫ات‬-

1. measure

POLITICS

‫ﺣِﺘﻜﺎك‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺣِﺘﻴﺎط‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ pl. ‫–ات‬

105

controversy

‫ﺳَﺘَﻔَﺰ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to incite, provoke

precaution

‫ﺳِﺘْﻔﺰاز‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

incitement, provocation

(‫ ﻋﻦ‬،‫ﺳِﺘﻘﺎلَ )ﻣﻦ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to resign (from) (an office)

‫ﺳِﺘْﻘﻼل‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

independence

‫ﺳَﺘْﻮَزَر‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to appoint as minister

‫ﺣﺮار‬ ْ ‫ا‬

Liberals

ْ ‫إ‬ ‫ﺴَّﻜﺎن‬ ُّ ‫ﺣﺼﺎء اﻟ‬

census

‫ﺧَﺘَﺘَﻢ‬ ْ ‫ا‬

to conclude (an agreement)

‫أداَر‬

to administer

‫إْدراج ﻓﻲ‬

entry (e.g. on a list)

‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺳَﻘ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to topple (e.g. ruler)

‫َأَّدى إَﻟﻰ‬

to lead to

‫إﺷﺎِﻋ َّﻴﺔ‬

collectivism

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫إْذن ِﻛﺘﺎﺑ‬

written permission

‫ﺷِﺘﺮاك‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

contribution

‫ِاْرِﺗﺒﺎك‬

see ‫ﺗﻮرط‬

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ِاْرَﺗﺸﺎ‬

to be corrupt

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺷِﺘﺮاِﻛ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

socialist

‫ِاْرِﺗﺸﺎء‬

venality

ْ ‫ِا‬ ‫ﺷِﻨﺮاِﻛ َّﻴﺔ‬

socialism

‫أزاَل‬

to get rid of

‫أْزﻣﺔ‬ pl. ‫زم‬ َ‫إ‬

crisis

‫ﺳَﺘَﻮِﻟﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ ‫ﺴْﻠﻄﺔ‬ َّ ‫اﻟ‬

‫ﻄﺮاب‬ ِ ‫ِاﺿ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﺻﻼح‬ ْ ‫إ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﺳِﺘْﺒﺪاد‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

despotism

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺨَﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﺳَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to appoint as successor

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺳِﺘﺸﺎِر‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

advisory

‫ﺳﻜﺎن‬ ْ ‫إﻋﺎدة اﻹ‬

ْ ‫ﺳَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ ‫ﻄﻼع اﻟ َّﺮْأي‬

opinion poll

‫ِاْﻋَﺘَﺮضَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫أﻋﺎدَ اﻟَﻌﻼﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﺳّﻴﺔ َﻣَﻊ‬ ِ ‫اﻟِّﺪْﺑُﻠﻮﻣﺎ‬

to seize power

political unrest, riot

reform

to resume diplomatic relations with resettlement 1. to resist, oppose

‫ﺳِﺘْﻌﻤﺎر‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

colonialism

‫ﺳِﺘﻌﻤﺎِرّﻳﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

imperialism

‫ِاْﻋَﺘَﺮف‬

to recognize, acknowledge

‫ﺳَﺘَﻌَﻤَﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to colonize

‫ِاْﻋَﺘَﺰَل‬

to be deposed

‫ث‬ َ ‫ﺳِﺘﻐﺎ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to call for help

‫ﺳِﺘﻐﺎﺛﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

appeal for aid

‫ﺳِﺘْﻐﻼل‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

exploitation

(‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺷْﻌِﺒ‬ َ ) ‫ﺳِﺘْﻔﺘﺎء‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

referendum

2. to veto

‫ِاْﻋِﺘﻤﺎد‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫أَﻋَّﺪ‬ ‫اﻟِﻌ َّﺰة اﻟَﻘْﻮِﻣ َّﻴﺔ‬

1. approbation 2. credit, loan to prepare, compile (e.g. report) national pride

106

POLITICS

‫أْﻋَﻠَﻦ‬

to declare

‫ﺳّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ ِاﻣﺘﻴﺎزات ِدﺑﻠﻮﻣﺎ‬diplomatic privileges

‫إْﻋﻼن‬

declaration, statement

‫أَّﻣَﻢ‬

to nationalize

‫أْﻋَﻤَﺮ‬

to develop (a country)

‫أﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﻋﺎَﻣﺔ‬

general secretariat

establishment of

‫ُأ َّﻣﺔ‬ َ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻢ‬

‫إﻗﺎﻣﺔ َﻋﻼﻗﺎت‬ ِ ‫ِدْﺑُﻠﻮﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺳَّﻴﺔ‬

diplomatic relations

nation

‫أْﻏَﻠِﺒﻴﺔ‬

majority

‫ﻄَﻠﻘﺔ‬ ْ ‫أْﻏَﻠِﺒَّﻴﺔ ُﻣ‬

absolute majority

‫ﺴﺢَ اﻟَﻤﺠﺎل‬ َ ‫أْﻓ‬

to clear the way

‫أﻗﺎَل‬

see ‫ل‬ َ ‫ﻋﺰ‬

َ ‫ُأ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﺮاُء‬

ballot

‫أِﻣﻴﺮة‬

princess

‫أِﻣﻴﻦ ﻋﺎّم‬

secretary-general

‫أِﻣﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺎل‬

treasurer

‫ِاْﻗِﺘﺮاع‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ِاْﻗِﺘﺮاع ِﺛﻘﺔ‬

vote of confidence

‫إْﻗﻄﺎِﻋ َّﻴﺔ‬

feudalism

‫أَﻗِّﻠ َّﻴﺔ‬

minority

ُ ‫أﻗﻠﻴﺔ ُﻋْﻨ‬ ‫ﺼِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

ethnic minority

‫إْﻗِﻠﻴﻢ‬ ُ ‫أﻗﺎِﻟﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬

province

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫إْﻗِﻠﻴِﻤ‬

regional

‫ﺤْﺰب‬ ِ ‫ﺤﻖَ ِﺑﺎﻟ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻟَﺘ‬

to join a party

‫ﺤُﻜﻮﻣﺔ‬ ُ ‫ِاﻟﺘﺤﻖ ﺑﺎﻟ‬ ‫إْﻟِﺘﺰام‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺧﻠ‬ ِ ‫أْﻣﻦ دا‬

internal security

‫أِﻣﻴﺮ‬

prince

‫ِاْﻧِﺘﺨﺎب‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

election

ْ ‫ِاْﻧِﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎت َﺗ‬ ‫ﺸِﺮﻳِﻌ َّﻴﺔ‬

legislative elections

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟْﺰِﺋ‬ ُ ‫ِاْﻧِﺘﺨﺎب‬

by-election

‫ﺣّﺮة‬ ُ ‫ِاْﻧِﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﻈﻴﻔﺔ‬ ِ ‫و َﻧ‬

free and fair elections

‫ﺴّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ِاْﻧِﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎت َرِﺋﻴ‬

presidential elections

‫ِاْﻧِﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎت ﻋﺎَّﻣﺔ‬

general elections

obligation, commitment

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِاْﻧِﺘﺨﺎب َﻓْﺮِﻋ‬

see ‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺟﺰﺋﻲ‬

‫ِاْﻧِﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎت ُﻣَﺒِّﻜﺮة‬

early elections

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺨ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧَﺘ‬

to elect

‫ﺣﻖ‬ ِ ‫ِاْﻧِﺘﺼﺎر ﺳﺎ‬

overwhelming victory

‫ِاْﻧِﺘﻌﺎش‬

revival

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِاْﻧِﺘﻘﺎِﺋ‬

selective, eclectic

to annul, abolish

‫إْﻟﻐﺎء‬

annulment, abolition

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫آِﻟ‬

instrumental

‫إﻣﺎرة‬

1. power 2. principality

pl. ‫ات‬-

security, safety

to go into government service

‫أْﻟﻐﻰ‬

‫ِاْﻣِﺘﻴﺎز‬

‫أْﻣﻦ‬

privilege

‫ِاْﻧِﺘﻘﺎِﺋّﻴﺔ‬ ُّ ‫إْﻧَﺘَﻘﻞَ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴْﻠﻄﺔ‬

eclecticism to transfer power

POLITICS

107

‫ِاْﻧِﺘﻤﺎء اﻟﻰ‬

membership of

‫ﺑﺎِﻟﻎ اَﻷْﻫِﻤ َّﻴﺔ‬

of the utmost importance

‫ِاْﻧَﺘَﻤﻰ إﻟﻰ‬

to be a member of

‫َﺑ َّﺮَر‬

to justify

‫ط‬ َ ‫ﺨَﺮ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧ‬

see ‫اﻧﻀﻢ‬

‫َﺑْﺮَﻟﻤﺎن‬

see ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﻟﻨﻮاب‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫إْﻧﺬار ِﻧﻬﺎﺋ‬

ultimatum

‫ﺑﺮوﺗﻮﻛﻮل‬

protocol

‫ﺴﺠﺎﻣﺎً َﻣَﻊ‬ ِ ‫ِاْﻧ‬

in conformity with

‫ِﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ اِﻻْﻗِﺘﺮاع‬

ballot paper

to establish diplomatic

‫َﺑْﻌﺜﺔ‬

‫أْﻧﺸﺄ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ‬ ِ ‫دﺑﻠﻮﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺳ َّﻴﺔ‬

1. delegation 2. mission

relations

‫ِﺑﻼد‬ pl. ‫ُﺑْﻠﺪان‬

َّ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧ‬ ‫ﻖ ﻋﻦ‬

to break away from

َ ‫ِاْﻧ‬ ‫ﻀﻢَّ إﻟﻰ‬

to join, become a member of

(‫ﻀﻤﺎم )إﻟﻰ‬ ِ ‫ِاْﻧ‬

accession (to)

‫ِاْﻧِﻌﺰال‬

seclusion, isolation

‫َﺑﻼغ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ِاْﻧِﻌﺰاِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

isolationism

‫َﺑَﻠِﺪّﻳﺔ‬

municipality

‫ِاْﻧَﻌَﻘَﺪ‬

to be convened (e.g. meeting)

‫ﺴﺒﺔ ِل‬ ْ ‫ِﺑﺎﻟ ِّﻨ‬

with respect to

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِاْﻧِﻔﺼﺎِﻟ‬

separatist

‫َﺑْﻨﺪ‬

clause (e.g. contract, treaty)

‫ِاْﻧِﻔﺼﺎِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

separatism

‫ِاْﻧِﻘﻼب‬

coup

‫ِاْﻧِﻬﻴﺎر‬

downfall, collapse

‫أْوراق اِﻻْﻋِﺘﻤﺎد‬

see ‫وﺛﺎﺋﻖ اﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد‬

‫ﺳّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻴﺎ‬ ِ ‫َأْوﺳﺎط‬

see ‫دواﺋﺮ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺗﺎج‬ pl. ‫ِﺗﻴﺠﺎن‬

1. to advise

‫َﺗ|ﺎَﻣَﺮ‬

‫ﺻﻰ ب‬ َ ‫أْو‬

2. to recommend

‫أ َّوِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬ ‫ِاْﺋِﺘﻼف‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

priority

‫َﺑﻼط‬

country

(royal) court communiqué

pl. ‫ُﺑُﻨﻮد‬

‫ﺑﻴﺮوﻗﺮاﻃﻴﺔ‬

bureaucracy

‫ب‬ ِ َ‫َﺗَﺄﱠﺛﺮ‬

to influenced by

‫َﺗْﺄِﺛﻴﺮ‬

influence

‫ﺗﺄِﻣﻴﻢ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

crown

to plot nationalization

coalition

‫َﺗﺒﺎَدَل‬

(‫ب‬ ِ ) َ‫ِاْﺋَﺘَﻤﺮ‬

to conspire, plot (against)

‫َﺗْﺒِﺮﻳﺮ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫أ َّﻳَﺪ‬

see ‫دﻋﻢ‬

َ ‫َﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺠَّﻨ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

to become naturalized

‫ﺑﺎِرز‬

prominent

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺠ ُّﻨﺲ‬

naturalization

to exchange (e.g. views) justification

108

POLITICS

‫َﺗﺤﺎُﻟﻒ‬

alliance

‫َﺗﻈﺎَﻫﺮة‬

demonstration

‫ﺖ ِرﻋﺎﻳﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

under the auspices of

‫ض‬ َ ‫َﺗﻌﺎَر‬

to oppose

challenge, provocation

‫َﺗﻌﺎُﻣﻞ‬

collaboration

‫ﺤٍّﺪ‬ َ ‫َﺗ‬ ِ ِّ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﱠ َﺗ‬ pl. ‫ﺪﻳﺎت‬

‫َﺗﻌﺎَوَن‬

to cooperate

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺤَّﺪ‬

to provoke, to challenge

‫ﺶ‬ َ ‫َﺗﻌﺎَﻳ‬

to live together

‫ﺤِﺪﻳﺚ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

modernization

‫َﺗﻌﺎُﻳﺶ‬

coexistence

‫َﺗﺤِﺮﻳﺾ‬

inflammatory propaganda

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳْﻠِﻤ‬ ِ ‫َﺗﻌﺎُﻳﺶ‬

peaceful coexistence

‫ﺤﱡﻔﻆ‬ َ ‫اﻟَﺘ‬

conservatism

‫َﺗَﻌُّﺪِد َّﻳﺔ‬

pluralism

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺨ ُّﻠﻒ‬

backwardness

‫َﺗَﻌ ُّﺪِدّﻳﺔ َﺛﻘﺎِﻓّﻴﺔ‬

multiculturalism

‫َﺗْﺪِﻋﻴﻢ‬

strengthening

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﺗْﻌِﺪﻳﻞ ِوزاِر‬

cabinet reshuffle

‫َﺗَﺪْﻫُﻮر‬

decline

‫َﺗْﻌِﺰﻳﺰ ﻋﻤﻞ‬

reinforcement of action

‫ض‬ ٍ ‫َﺗﺮا‬

compromise

ُّ ‫َﺗَﻌ‬ ‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺼِﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﺼﺐ ُﻋْﻨ‬

racism

‫ﺷَﺢ‬ ‫َﺗَﺮ ﱠ‬

to be nominated

‫ﻖب‬ َ ‫َﺗَﻌ َّﻠ‬

to be related to

‫ﺷﻴﺢ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﺮ‬

nomination, candidature

‫َﺗْﺰِوﻳﺮ اِﻻْﻧِﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎت‬

election rigging

‫َﺗْﻌِﻠﻴﻞ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫َﺗﺴﺎُﻣﺢ‬

tolerance

‫ﺴِﻤَﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

designation

ِ ‫ﺴِﻮَﻳﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺳْﻠِﻤ َّﻴﺔ‬

peace settlement

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺸِﺮﻳِﻌ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

legislative

‫ﺸِﻜﻴﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

establishment, foundation

‫ﺼِﺮﻳﺢ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

declaration

‫ﺼِﻮﻳﺖ ِاﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

electronic voting

pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﺗﻘﺎِرﻳ‬

‫ﻄِﺒﻴﻊ اﻟَﻌﻼﻗﺎت‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

normalization of relations

(‫ﺼﻴﺮ)ِه‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻘِﺮﻳﺮ َﻣ‬

self-determination

‫ﻄِﺒﻴﻖ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

application

‫َﺗَﻜ ُّﺘﻞ‬

formation of blocs

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﻄُّﺮف‬

extremism

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺴِﺒ‬ ْ ‫َﺗْﻤِﺜﻴﻞ ِﻧ‬

proportional representation

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ع‬ َ ‫ﻄ َّﻮ‬

to volunteer

‫َﺗْﻤِﻴﻴﺰ‬

discrimination

argumentation, motivation

‫َﺗَﻔّﻜََﻚ‬

to disintegrate

‫َﺗْﻔِﻮﻳﺾ‬

delegation of authority

‫َﺗﻔﺎُﻫﻢ‬

agreement

‫َﺗﻘﺎُرب‬

rapprochement

‫َﺗَﻘُّﺪم‬

progress

‫َﺗْﻘِﺪﻳﻢ‬

memorial

‫َﺗْﻘِﺮﻳﺮ‬

report

POLITICS

109

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺼِﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﺗْﻤِﻴﻴﺰ ُﻋﻨ‬

racial discrimination

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟْﺰِﺋ‬ ُ

partial

‫َﺗﻨﺎُﻗﺾ‬

incompatibility

‫ﺟْﻠﺴﺔ‬ َ

session

‫َﺗﻨﺎَوَل‬

to deal with s.thing

‫ﺟْﻠﺴﺔ ﻋﺎّﻣﺔ‬ َ

plenary meeting

‫َﺗَﻨ ُّﻮع‬

diversity

‫ﺟْﻤِﻌّﻴﺔ‬ َ

society, assembly

‫َﺗَﻮ ُّﺗﺮ‬

tension

ْ ‫ﺟْﻤِﻌﻴﺔ َﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺸِﺮﻳِﻌ َّﻴﺔ‬

legislative assembly

‫ج‬ َ ‫َﺗ َّﻮ‬

to crown

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟْﻤُﻬﻮِر‬ ُ

republican

َّ ‫َﺗَﻮ‬ ‫ﺟﻪ‬

orientation

ُ ‫ﺟْﻤُﻬﻮِر َّﻳﺔ‬

republic

‫َﺗَﻮُّرط ﻓﻲ‬

involvement in

‫ﺟْﻨﺲ‬ ِ

race

َّ ‫َﺗَﻮ‬ ‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬

to mediate

‫ﺳﻂ‬ ‫َﺗَﻮ ﱡ‬

intercession, mediation

‫ﺻﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻮ‬ ‫ﻃﻴﺪ اﻟَﺮواِﺑﻂ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻮ‬

pl. ‫س‬ ُ ‫ﺟﻨﺎ‬ ْ ‫َأ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ﺴﻴﺎ‬ ِّ ‫ﺠﻬﺎز اﻟ‬ ِ ‫اﻟ‬

the political apparatus

recommendation

‫ﺟْﻮر‬ َ

injustice, oppression

strengthening of ties

‫ﺣﺎِرس‬

guardian, custodian

current (n.)

‫ﺳﻢ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺎ‬

decisive

‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫َﺛ َّﺒ‬

to stabilize

‫ﺣﺎل‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺣﻮال‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ُﺛﻼِﺛ‬

tripartite

‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟ َّﺮاِﻫﻨﺔ‬

status quo

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ُﺛﻨﺎﺋ‬

bilateral

‫ﻄﻮاِرىء‬ َّ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟ‬

state of emergency

‫َﺛْﻮرة‬

revolution

َّ ‫ﺣﺐّ اﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﺴﻼم‬

pacifism

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﺛْﻮِر‬

revolutionary

‫ﺣّﺪ‬ َ

border

‫ﺟﺎّد‬

serious

‫( ﺟﺎرَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬u)

to oppress, tyrannize

‫ﺟْﺒﻬﺔ‬ َ

front

‫ﺟَﺒﻰ‬ َ (i)

to collect taxes

‫ﺟَﺪل‬ َ

argument, controversy

‫َﺗّﻴﺎر‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟْﺪَول َزَﻣِﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺟْﺪَول اﻷْﻋﻤﺎل‬ َ

situation, circumstance

pl. ‫ﺪود‬ ُ‫ﺣ‬ ُ

َ ‫ﺣ َّﺬَر‬

to warn

‫ﺣّﺮ‬ ُ

liberal

‫ﺣﺮاﺳﺔ‬ ِ

custodianship, administration

‫ﺣِﺮج‬ َ

critical

‫ﺣَﺮﻛﺔ‬ َ

movement

timetable (deadlines by which goals have to be met)

َ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺤَﺮﻛﺔ اﻟِّﻨﺴﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

the feminist movement

agenda

ُ ‫ﺣِّﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

freedom, liberty

110

POLITICS

‫ﺼﺤﺎﻓﺔ‬ ِّ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ اﻟ‬

freedom of the press

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣْﻜﻢ ذاِﺗ‬ ُ

self-determination

‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ اﻟِﻌﺒﺎدة‬

freedom of worship

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺣْﻜﻢ ﻻَﻣْﺮَﻛِﺰ‬ ُ

decentralized rule

‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ اﻟِﻔْﻜﺮ‬

freedom of thought

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟْﻤُﻬﻮِر‬ ُ ‫ﺣْﻜﻢ‬ ُ

republicanism

‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ اﻟَﻜﻼم‬

freedom of speech

‫ﻄَﻠﻖ‬ ْ ‫ﺣْﻜﻢ ُﻣ‬ ُ

absolute rule

party

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣْﻜﻢ ِﻧﻴﺎِﺑ‬ ُ

parliamentarianism

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣﻜﻮِﻣ‬ ُ

governmental

‫ﺣُﻜﻮﻣﺔ‬ ُ

government

‫ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺔ ِاْﻧِﺘﻘﺎِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

transitional government

‫ﺣْﺰب‬ ِ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺣﺰاب‬ ‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺠْﻤُﻬﻮِر‬ ُ ‫ﺤْﺰب اﻟ‬ ِ ‫اﻟ‬

Republican Party (US)

‫ﺤْﺰب اﻟﺤﺎِﻛﻢ‬ ِ ‫اﻟ‬

the ruling party

‫ﺤْﺰب‬ ِ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫اﻟِّﺪﻳﻤﻮﻗﺮا‬

Democratic Party (US)

‫ﺤْﺰب‬ ِ ‫اﻟ‬ Liberal Democrat Party ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃﻲّ اﻟِﻠﻴﺒﺮاِﻟ‬ ِ ‫( اﻟِّﺪﻳُﻤﻮﻗﺮا‬UK)

‫ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺔ ُﻣﺆَّﻗﺖ‬

provisional (interim/ caretaker) government

َ (i) ‫ﺣَّﻞ‬

to dissolve

‫ﺳﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺣﻞّ َو‬ َ

see ‫ﺗﺮاض‬

ِ ‫ﺣْﺰب اﻟُﻌَّﻤﺎل‬

Labour Party (UK)

‫ﻈﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﺣْﺰب اﻟُﻤﺤﺎِﻓ‬ ِ

Conservative Party (UK)

َ ‫ﺣْﻤﻠﺔ ِاْﻧِﺘﺨﺎِﺑ َّﻴﺔ‬

election campaign

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣْﺰِﺑ‬ ِ

party member

‫ﺣْﻮزة‬ َ

territory

‫ﺼﻞَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ (i)

to obtain

‫ﺣﻴﺎة ﻋﺎّﻣﺔ‬ َ

public life

‫ﻀَﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ (u)

to attend

‫ﺣﻴﺎد‬ ِ

neutrality

‫ﻈﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

embargo, blockade

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺣﻴﺎِد‬ ِ

neutral

‫ب‬ ِ َ‫ﺣِﻔﻰ‬ َ (a)

to receive s.o. with honours

َ ‫ﺧِﺰﻳﻨﺔ اﻟَّﺪْوﻟﺔ‬

Treasury

‫ﺣﻖّ اِﻻْﻗِﺘﺮاع‬ َ

suffrage, right to vote

‫ﺣﻖّ اﻟِﻔﻴُﺘﻮ‬ َ

power of veto

‫ﺣِﻘﻴﺒﺔ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺣﻘﺎﺋ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﺣِﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻖ‬ ُ ‫ﺣﻘﺎﺋ‬ َ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣِﻘﻴِﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺣَﻜَﻢ‬ َ (u) ‫ﺣْﻜﻢ‬ ُ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺣﻜﺎم‬

portfolio (minister)

truth, fact

real

‫ﺧﻄﺎب‬ ِ pl. ‫ات‬-

speech

‫ﻄﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

grave, momentous

َ ‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺧَّﻔ‬

to moderate

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺧﻼِﻓ‬ ِ

controversial

‫ﺤْﻜﻢ‬ ُ ‫ﺧَﻠﻊَ ِﻣﻦ اﻟ‬ َ (a)

see ‫ل‬ َ ‫ﻋﺰ‬

‫ﺧَﻠﻒ‬ َ

successor

to govern

pl.‫ﺧﻼف‬ ْ ‫أ‬

rule, governance

‫ﺧﻴﺎر‬ ِ pl. ‫ات‬-

choice, option

POLITICS

111

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺧِﻠ‬ ِ ‫دا‬

domestic

ِ ‫ِدﻳﺒﻠﻮﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺳ َّﻴﺔ‬

diplomacy

‫ﺴﻼم‬ َّ ‫داِﻋّﻴﺔ اﻟ‬

peace activist

ِ ‫ِدﻳﻤﻮﻗﺮا‬ ‫ﻃ َّﻴﺔ‬

democracy

incentive, motive

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫دﻳﻤﻮﻗﺮا‬

democratic

‫راِﺑﻄﺔ‬

confederation

‫داِﻓﻊ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫َدواِﻓ‬ ‫داﺋﺮة ِاْﻧِﺘﺨﺎِﺑ َّﻴﺔ‬

constituency

pl. ‫ﻂ‬ ُ ‫َرواِﺑ‬

‫س‬ ‫( َد ﱠ‬u)

to plot, scheme

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫راَﻗ‬

to supervise

َّ ‫َد‬ ‫ﺳﺎس‬

conspirator, schemer

‫اﻟَّﺮأي اﻟﻌﺎّم‬

public opinion

constitution

‫راﺋﺞ‬

‫ﺳُﺘﻮر‬ ْ ‫ُد‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َدﺳﺎِﺗﻴ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺴﺔ‬ ِ ‫َد‬ pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َدﺳﺎﺋ‬

current, common, widespread

intrigue, plot

‫راﺋﺪ‬

pioneer

َّ ‫ُر‬ pl. ‫واد‬

(‫دﻋﺎ )َﻳﺪُﻋﻮ إﻟﻰ‬

to call on s.o. (to do s.thing)

‫َرْأﺳﻤﺎِﻟّﻴﺔ‬

capitalism

‫ِدﻋﺎﻳﺔ‬

propaganda

‫ﺟﻊَ إﻟﻰ‬ َ ‫( َر‬i)

to stem from

‫( َدَﻋَﻢ‬a)

to support

ْ ‫َر‬ ‫ﺟِﻌ َّﻴﺔ‬

reaction

‫ﺤُﻜﻮﻣﺔ‬ ُ ‫َدواﺋﺮ اﻟ‬

government circles

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳِﻤ‬ ْ ‫َر‬

official (adj.)

‫ﺳّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻴﺎ‬ ِ ‫َدواﺋﺮ‬

political circles

‫( َرﺷﺎ‬u)

to bribe

‫َدْورة‬

session

‫َدْورة َﺑْﺮَﻟﻤﺎِﻧّﻴﺔ‬

parliamentary session

‫ﺷﻮة‬ ْ ‫ِر‬ pl. ‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫ُرﺷ‬, ‫َرﺷﺎِوى‬

ْ ‫َدْورة َﺗ‬ ‫ﺸِﺮﻳِﻌ َّﻴﺔ‬

legislative period

(‫ﺷﺢَ )ل‬ ‫َر ﱠ‬

to nominate (for an office)

‫اﻟُّﺪول اﻷْﻋﻀﺎء‬

member states

‫ﺾ‬ َ ‫( َرَﻓ‬i, u)

to reject

‫ﻈَﻤﻰ‬ ْ ‫اﻟ ُّﺪَول اﻟُﻌ‬

the Superpowers

‫( َرَﻓﻊ ُﻋﻘﻮﺑﺎت‬a)

to lift sanctions

state

‫ُروح اﻟَﻬِﺰﻳﻤﺔ‬

defeatism

‫َدْوﻟﺔ‬ pl. ‫ول‬ َ ‫ُد‬

‫ِرﺋﺎﺳﺔ‬

‫َدْوﻟﺔ َﻗْﻮِﻣّﻴﺔ‬

nation-state

‫َدْوﻟﺔ ُﻣَﺘﻌﺎِﻗﺪة‬

contracting state

َ ‫ُد‬ pl. - ‫ول‬

1. bribe 2. bribery, corruption

1. presidency 2. see ‫ﻗﻴﺎدة‬

‫رﺋﻴﺲ‬ pl. ‫رؤﺳﺎُء‬ ُ

president

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ُدَوِﻟ‬

international

‫ﺤْﺰب‬ ِ ‫َرﺋﻴﺲ اﻟ‬

party chairman, leader

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ِدﻳﺒﻠﻮﻣﺎ‬

diplomatic

‫رﺋﻴﺲ اﻟُﻮَزراء‬

Prime Minister

112

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺴ‬ ِ ‫َرِﺋﻴ‬ ‫َزِﻋﻴﻢ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻤﺎء‬ َ ‫ُز‬

POLITICS principal, main

‫ﺳﻴﺎدة‬ ِ

see ‫ﻗﺎﺋﺪ‬

‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬ ِ

sovereignty 1. politics 2. policy

‫ﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟُّﺪَوِﻟّﻴﺔ‬ َّ ‫اﻟ‬

the international stage

‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ اِﻻْﻟِﺘﺠﺎء‬ ِ

asylum policy

‫ﺣﻖ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﺎ‬

overwhelming (e.g. majority)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻴﺎ‬ ِ

politician

to be tolerant (towards

‫ﻄﺮَ َﻋَﻠﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺳْﻴ‬ َ

to rule over, to dominate

‫ﻄﺮة‬ َ ‫ﺳْﻴ‬ َ

supremacy

‫ﺷﺎِﻣﻞ‬

comprehensive

‫ﺷﺎَوَر‬

to consult

‫ﺷﺎﺋﻊ‬

widespread

‫ﺷﻌﺎر‬ ِ

slogan

‫ﺳﺎَﻣَﺢ‬

s.o.)

‫ﺳﺎَﻧَﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﺪ‬ ‫ﺳَﺒﺐ‬ َ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺳﺒﺎب‬

see ‫دﻋﻢ‬ prevailing cause, reason

َّ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ﻼت‬

records

‫ﺳﻔﺎرة‬ ِ

embassy

‫ﺳِﻔﻴﺮ‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﺳَﻔﺮاُء‬ ‫ﺳْﻠﻄﺎن‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﻼﻃﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺳْﻠﻄﺔ‬ ُ

ambassador

sultan

1. power, rule 2. authority

ُّ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴْﻠﻄﺎت‬

the authorities

ْ ‫ﺴﻠﻄﺎت اﻟُﻤ‬ ‫ﺼﺔ‬ ُّ ‫اﻟ‬ َّ ‫ﺨَﺘ‬

competent authorities

‫ﺴْﻠﻄﺔ اﻟَّﺘْﻨِﻔﻴِﺬ َّﻳﺔ‬ ُّ ‫اﻟ‬

the Executive

ْ ‫اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ اﻟَﺘ‬ ‫ﺸِﺮﻳِﻌ َّﻴﺔ‬

the Legislature

ُ ‫ﺳْﻠﻄﺔ ُﻣﺆ َّﻗﺘﺔ‬

interim authority

‫ﻄﻨﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺳْﻠ‬ َ

sultanate

ُّ ‫ﺳ َّﻠﻢَ اﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺴْﻠﻄﺔ‬

to hand over power

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳْﻠِﻤ‬ ِ

pacifist

َ ‫ﺳ َّﻮى‬

to settle (dispute)

‫ﺷْﻌﺐ‬ َ (a) ُ‫ﺷ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻌﻮب‬

people

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺷْﻌِﺒ‬ َ

popular

َ ‫ﺷْﻌِﺒ َّﻴﺔ‬

popularity

‫ﺷِﻤَﻞ‬ َ (a)

to include, comprise

‫ﺷُﻤﻮِﻟّﻴﺔ‬ ُ

totalitarianism

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺷُﻴﻮِﻋ‬ ُ

communist

ُ ‫ﺷُﻴﻮِﻋ َّﻴﺔ‬

communism

‫ﺻﺎَدَر‬

to confiscate, seize

‫ﺼﺎِﻟﺢ اﻟﻌﺎّم‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

public welfare

‫ﺻَﺪد‬ َ

topic (e.g. discussion)

َّ ‫ِﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟ‬ ‫ﺼَﺪد‬

in this respect

َ َ‫ﺻ َّﺮح‬

to declare, announce

‫ﺻْﻬُﻴﻮِﻧّﻴﺔ‬ َ

Zionism

َ (‫ﺿّﺪ‬ َ /‫ت )ﻋﻠﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺻ َّﻮ‬

to cast a vote (in favour / against)

POLITICS

‫ﺻﻮرة‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻮر‬ َ‫ﺻ‬ ُ َ ‫ت‬ َ ‫ﺻَّﻮ‬ ‫ﺿْﻐﻂ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻐﻮط‬ ُ‫ﺿ‬ ُ

image

to vote

‫ِﻋَّﺰة‬

might

pressure

‫َﻋ َّﺰَز‬

to consolidate

‫( َﻋَﺰَل‬i)

to dismiss, depose

‫َﻋْﺰل‬

dismissal, deposition

‫( َﻋَﺰَم‬i)

to decide

‫َﻋْﺰﻣﺔ‬

decision

‫ﺼﻰ‬ َ ‫( َﻋ‬i)

to rebel, revolt

to side with

‫ﻃﺎﺋِﻔّﻴﺔ‬

sectarianism

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﻃﺎَﻟ‬

to demand

‫ﺠﻮء‬ ُ ‫ﻃﺎِﻟﺐ اﻟُﻠ‬

asylum seeker

‫ﻰ‬ ّ ‫ﻃَﺮف َﻣْﻌِﻨ‬ َ

concerned party

َ ‫ﺐ َﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻃَﻠ‬ َ ( u) ‫ﻀِﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

to apply for membership

‫ﻇﺎَﻫَﺮ‬

to demonstrate circumstance

‫ﻇَﻠَﻢ‬ َ (i)

to oppress

‫ﻇْﻠﻢ‬ ُ

oppression, tyranny

‫ض‬ َ ‫ﻋﺎَر‬

to resist, oppose

‫ﺻﻤﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﺎ‬

capital (country)

‫ﻋﺎِﻣﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻮاِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺎِﻫﻞ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻮاِﻫ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺎز‬ ِ ‫َﻋَﺪم اِﻻْﻧ‬ ‫َﻋْﺮش‬ pl. ‫ﺮوش‬ ُ ‫ُﻋ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِﻋْﺮِﻗ‬

‫ﻀﻮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻀﺎء‬ ْ ‫أ‬

member

associate member ‫ﺴﺐ‬ ِ ‫ﻀﻮ ُﻣْﻨَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ُﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﺴُﺒﻮن‬ ِ ‫أْﻋﻀﺎء ُﻣْﻨَﺘ‬

َ ‫َﻋ‬ ‫ﻀِﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

membership

‫( ُﻋُﻘﻮﺑﺎت‬pl.)

sanctions

‫َﻋَﻘﺒﺔ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﻋﻘﺎب‬ ِ

obstacle

‫( َﻋَﻘَﺪ‬i)

to hold (a meeting)

َ ‫( َﻋَﻜ‬i) ‫ﺲ‬

to reflect

outcome

‫َﻋﻼﻗﺎت ُﺛﻨﺎِﺋّﻴﺔ‬

bilateral relations

factor

‫َﻋﻼﻗﺎت ُﻣَﺘَﻌِّﺪدة‬ ‫ﻃﺮاف‬ ْ ‫اﻷ‬

multilateral relations

‫ﻋﻼﻗﺎت َوِﺛﻴﻘﺔ‬

close ties

‫َﻋْﻠﻤﺎِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬

secularism

‫َﻋَﻠﻨًﺎ‬

in public

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻋَﻠِﻨ‬

public (adj.)

‫ُﻋْﻤﺮان‬

prosperity, civilization

َّ ‫َﻋَﻤِﻠ َّﻴﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴﻼم‬

peace process

ُ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫َﻋﻮا‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺎِﻗﺒﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻮاِﻗ‬

petition

pl. ‫ﺾ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﺮاﺋ‬

‫ﺿَﻠﻊَ ﻣﻊ‬ َ (a)

‫ﻇْﺮف‬ َ pl. ‫ﺮوف‬ ُ ُ‫ﻇ‬

‫َﻋِﺮﻳﻀﺔ‬

113

monarch

non-alignment throne

ethnic, racial

114

POLITICS

‫َﻋِﻤﻴﻞ‬

1. agent

‫ﺸﻞ‬ َ ‫َﻓ‬

failure, fiasco

َ ‫ُﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﻤﻼُء‬

2. collaborator

‫ﺼﻞَ ُﻣﻨﺎَزﻋﺔ‬ َ ‫( َﻓ‬i)

to settle a dispute

‫ﺼﺮ‬ ُ ‫ُﻋْﻨ‬

race

‫ﺾ‬ ّ ‫َﻓ‬

1. settlement (dispute)

ِ ‫َﻋﻨﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ‫ﺻ‬

2. closure (session)

‫ﺼِﺮّﻳﺔ‬ ُ ‫ُﻋْﻨ‬

see ‫ﺗﻌﺼﺐ ﻋﻨﺼﺮي‬

‫َﻋْﻬﺪ‬

mandate

pl. ‫ﻬﻮد‬ ُ ‫ُﻋ‬

‫َﻓْﻘَﺮة‬

paragraph

‫َﻓ َّﻜَﻚ‬

to disband

‫ض‬ َ ‫َﻓ َّﻮ‬

to authorize

‫ﺿﻰ‬ َ ‫َﻓْﻮ‬

anarchy

َ ‫َﻓْﻮ‬ ‫ﺿِﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

anarchism

‫ﻓﻲ إﻃﺎر‬

in the framework of

‫( ﻗﺎد‬u)

to lead, rule

‫ﻗﺎد ﺑﺎﻟِﻤﺜﺎل‬

to lead by example

‫َﻋَّﻴَﻦ‬

to appoint

‫ب‬ َ ‫َﻏ َّﺮ‬

to banish, exile

‫ُﻏْﺮﺑﺔ‬

banishment, exile

‫ﺼِﺮّﻳﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﻀﻴﻨﺔ ُﻋْﻨ‬ ِ ‫َﻏ‬

racial hatred

‫َﻏْﻮﻏﺎء‬

mob, rabble

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺳُﺘﻮِر‬ ْ ‫َﻏْﻴﺮ ُد‬

unconstitutional

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳِﻤ‬ ْ ‫َﻏْﻴﺮ َر‬

unofficial

‫ﺴُﺒﻮق‬ ْ ‫َﻏْﻴﺮ َﻣ‬

unprecedented

‫ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﺑﺎﻷْﻋﻤﺎل‬

Chargé d’Affaires

‫ﺴُﺆول‬ ْ ‫َﻏْﻴﺮ َﻣ‬

irresponsible

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻗَﺒِﻠ‬

tribal

‫( ﻓﺎَز‬u)

to win (an election)

‫َﻗِﺒﻴﻠﺔ‬

tribe

‫ِﻓﺌﺔ‬

faction

‫ﻓﺌِﻮي‬

factional

‫ﻗﺎﺋﺪ‬ leader َ َ pl. ‫ﻮاد‬ ّ ‫ُﻗ‬, ‫ُﻗّﻮد‬, ‫ﻗﺎدة‬, ‫ﻗﺎدات‬

ُ ‫َﻗﺒﺎﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ‫َﻗﺮار‬

‫ِﻓَﺌِﻮّﻳﺔ‬

factionalism

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫َﻓْﺮِد َّﻳﺔ‬

individualism

‫َﻗ َّﺮَر‬

decision, resolution

to resolve, decide

opportunity

‫ﺴﻢ‬ ْ ‫ِﻗ‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﺴﺎم‬

‫ُﻓْﺮﺻﺔ ﻧﺎِدرة‬

unique opportunity

(‫( َﻓَﺮضَ )ﻋﻠﻰ‬i)

‫ﻄﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻗ‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﻄﺎر‬

to impose s.thing (on)

‫( َﻓَﺮضَ ُﻋﻘﻮﺑﺎت‬u)

to impose sanctions

‫ﻄﻊَ اﻟَﻌﻼﻗﺎت‬ َ ‫َﻗ‬ ‫ﺳّﻴﺔ َﻣَﻊ‬ ِ ‫اﻟِّﺪْﺑُﻠﻮﻣﺎ‬

‫ُﻓْﺮﻗﺔ‬

separation

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫( َﻗَﻠ‬i)

to overthrow

َّ ‫َﻓ‬ ‫ﺸَﻞ‬

to thwart, foil

‫( َﻗَﻤَﻊ‬a)

to repress

‫ُﻓْﺮﺻﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﺮص‬

service, department

region, province

to sever diplomatic relations with

POLITICS

‫ﺼﻞ‬ ُ ‫ُﻗْﻨ‬

consul

pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫َﻗﻨﺎ‬

‫ﻗﻨﺼﻞ ﻋﺎّم‬

consul general

ُ ‫ُﻗْﻨ‬ ‫ﺼِﻠ َّﻴﺔ‬

consulate

‫ﻗﻨﺼﻠَّﻴﺔ ﻋﺎَّﻣﺔ‬

consulate general

ِّ ‫َﻗﻮاِﻋﺪ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴِّﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

the rules of confidentiality

‫ُﻗ َّﻮة‬ ‫ُﻗﻮ ﹰ‬ pl. ‫ى‬

strength

115

‫ﺸَﺘَﺮﻛﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﻟﺠﻨﺔ ُﻣ‬

joint committee

‫ُﻟﺠﻮء‬

asylum (refuge)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻴﺎ‬ ِ ‫ﻟﺠﻮء‬

political asylum

‫ﺐ َدْوراً ِﻓﻲ‬ َ ‫َﻟِﻌ‬

to play a role in

‫ُﻟﻐﺔ َﻋَﻤﻞ‬

working language

‫اﻟِﻠﻴﺒﺮاِﻟّﻴﺔ‬

Liberalism

‫اﻟِﻠﻴﺒﺮاِﻟ ُّﻴﻮن‬

the Liberals

see ‫ﺷﻌﺐ‬

‫ﻣﺎدة‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻗْﻮِﻣ‬

national (of the people)

‫َﻣﺄُﻣﻮر‬

official (n.)

‫َﻗْﻮِﻣ َّﻴﺔ‬

see ‫وﻃﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺣﺜﺎت‬ َ ‫ُﻣﺒﺎ‬

talks

‫ِﻗﻴﺎدة‬

leadership

‫ُﻣﺒﺎَدرة‬

undertaking, initiative

‫ﻛﺎِرﺛﺔ‬

catastrophe

‫َﻣْﺒَﺪأ‬

principle

‫َﻗْﻮم‬ pl. ‫َأْﻗﻮام‬

ُ ‫َﻛﻮاِر‬ pl. ‫ث‬

pl. ‫ئ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺒﺎِد‬

‫ﻛﺎِﻣﻞ‬

complete

‫ﺴُﺆوِﻟﻴﻦ‬ ْ ‫ِﻛﺒﺎر اﻟَﻤ‬

high-ranking officials

‫ُﻛْﺘﻠﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻛَﺘﻞ‬ ُ

1. rule 2. see ‫ﺑﻨﺪ‬

bloc

‫ُﻣَﺒِّﺮر‬ ‫َﻣْﺒَﻌﺚ‬ pl. ‫ﺚ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺒﺎِﻋ‬

justification, excuse see ‫ﺳﺒﺐ‬

‫َﻣْﺒُﻌﻮث‬

envoy

‫ﺟﺊ‬ ِ ‫ﻻ‬

refugee

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻣْﺒُﻌﻮث ِدﻳﺒﻠﻮﻣﺎﺳ‬

diplomatic agent

‫ﻻَﻣْﺮَﻛِﺰ َّﻳﺔ‬

decentralization

‫َﻣﺘﺎِرﻳﺲ‬

barricades

‫ﺠَﺄ‬ َ ‫( َﻟ‬a)

1. to take refuge

(‫ﺳﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺤِّﺪث )ِﺑﺎ‬ َ ‫ُﻣَﺘ‬

see ‫ﻧﺎﻃﻖ‬

‫ﺸِّﺪد‬ َ ‫ُﻣَﺘ‬

bigot, radical

‫ﺼِّﻠﺐ‬ َ ‫ُﻣَﺘ‬

hard-line

2. to seek asylum

‫ﺠﻨﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻟ‬ pl. ‫ِﻟﺠﺎن‬

committee, commission

‫ﻟﺠﻨﺔ اِﻻﺗﺼﺎل‬

liaison committee

‫ﻄِّﺮف‬ َ ‫ُﻣَﺘ‬

extremist

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺳِﺘﺸﺎِر‬ ْ ‫َﻟﺠﻨﺔ ِا‬

advisory committee

‫ُﻣَﺘﻈﺎِﻫﺮ‬

demonstrator

‫ﺟﻴﻪ‬ ِ ‫ﻟﺠﻨﺔ اﻟَّﺘْﻮ‬

steering committee

‫ﻃﻒ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣَﺘﻌﺎ‬

sympathizer

ُّ ‫ﺠﻨﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻄُﻌﻮن‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬

appeals committee

‫ُﻣَﺘَﻘِّﺪم‬

predecessor

116

POLITICS

‫ُﻣَﺘﻮاِﻓﻖ َﻣَﻊ‬

compatible with

‫ﺠَﺪل‬ َ ‫ُﻣِﺜﻴﺮ ِﻟﻠ‬

see ‫ﺧﻼﻓﻲ‬

‫ﺠَﺘَﻤﻊ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬ ْ ‫اﻟُﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺠَﺘَﻤﻊ اﻟ ُّﺪَوِﻟ‬ ‫ﺠِﻠﺲ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺠﺎِﻟ‬

society the international community council

َّ ‫ﺨ‬ َّ ‫ﻄﻂ اﻟ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺴﻼم‬

peace plan

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺨَّﻴﻢ‬

camp (refugees)

‫ُﻣﺪاَوﻟﺔ‬

deliberation, consultation

‫َﻣْﺬَﻫِﺒّﻴﺔ‬

see ‫ﻃﺎﺋﻔﻴﺔ‬

‫ُﻣﺮاِﻗﺐ‬

observer

‫ُﻣْﺮَﺗَﺒﻚ‬

involved, implicated

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ َﺗْﻨِﻔﻴِﺬ‬

executive board

‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﻟ ُّﻨﻮاب‬

Parliament

‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﻟُﻮَزراء‬

Council of Ministers, Cabinet

‫ﺣﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫َﻣْﺮ‬

‫ﺤَﺘّﺞ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

protestor

ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺮا‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

‫ُﻣﺤﺎِﻳﺪ‬

neutral

‫ﺳﻮم‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﺮ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﻴ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺮا‬

‫ﻀﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺤﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ‫ﺿ‬ ‫ﺠَﻤﻊ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺠﺎِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬

minutes (meeting)

assembly

‫ﺟﻊ‬ ِ ‫َﻣْﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺮا‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬

authority (person)

stage, phase

decree

‫ﺷﺢ‬ ‫ُﻣَﺮ ﱠ‬

nominee, candidate

‫ﺴَﺘِﻘّﻞ‬ ْ ‫ﺷﺢ ُﻣ‬ ‫ُﻣَﺮ ﱠ‬

independent candidate

‫ُﻣﺴﺎِﻋﺪ‬

aide, assistant

‫ُﻣﺤﺎَدﺛﺔ‬

talk, negotiation

‫ﺴَﺘِﺒّﺪ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

despot, tyrant

‫ُﻣﺤﺎَذرة‬

precautionary measure

‫ُﻣﺴﺎَﻋﺪة إْﻧﺴﺎِﻧّﻴﺔ‬

humanitarian aid

proceedings, verbatim records

‫ُﻣﺴﺎَﻋﺪة ُدَوِﻟّﻴﺔ‬

international aid

1. conservative

‫ﺠﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺴَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

see ‫ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ﻟﻠﺠﻮء‬

2. governor

‫ﺴَﺘﺸﺎر‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

advisor, consultant

ُ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﺴﻮِﺑ َّﻴﺔ‬

favouritism

‫ﺴَﺘْﻌَﻤﺮة‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

settlement, colony

‫ﺤِّﻠﻞ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

analyst

‫ﺴَﺘِﻘّﻞ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

independent

َ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺤ َّﻠ‬

local

َّ ‫ﺤَﻮر اﻟ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ ‫ﺸّﺮ‬

the Axis of Evil

‫ﺴَﺘَﻨﺪ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺤَﻮر‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

pivotal

‫ﻃﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﺴَﺘْﻮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

settler

‫ﺨِﺒﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

informant

‫ﻃﻨﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺴَﺘْﻮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

settlement (site)

َّ ‫ﺨَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺼﺎت‬

competences

‫ﺴُﺆول‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

official (n.)

َ ‫ﺿﺮات‬ ِ ‫ُﻣﺤﺎ‬ ‫ﺣْﺮِﻓ َّﻴﺔ‬ ‫ُﻣﺤﺎِﻓﻆ‬

document

POLITICS

‫ُﻣﺸﺎَرﻛﺔ‬

participation

‫ُﻣﺸﺎَورة‬

consultation

‫ﺸُﺮوع‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺸﺎِرﻳ‬

1. project, scheme 2. legitimate, lawful

117

‫ُﻣﻘﺎَوﻣﺔ‬

resistance

‫ُﻣْﻘَﺘَﺮح‬

proposal

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫َﻣَﻘّﺮ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

seat, centre

‫ﺸُﺮوع َﻗﺮار‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

draft resolution

‫ﺸُﺮوع ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

bill (draft law)

ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﺸُﺮوِﻋ َّﻴﺔ‬

legitimacy

‫ُﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ اِﻻْرﻫﺎب‬

counter-terrorism

‫َُﻣﺸﺎَورة‬

consultation

‫( َﻣﻼء‬i)

to fill (e.g. a position)

‫ﺸﻴﺨﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻣ‬

sheikhdom

‫ُﻣﻼﺋﻢ‬

suitable

‫ُﻣﺼﺎَدرة‬

confiscation, seizure

‫ِﻣ َّﻠﺔ‬

religious community

‫ﺤﻖ‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻠ‬

attaché

‫ُﻣﺼﺎَﻟﺤﺔ‬

settlement (peace), conciliation

‫َﻣْﻘَﻌﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻘﺎِﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬

seat (elections)

ِ pl. ‫ﻣَﻠﻞ‬

ْ ‫اﻟَﻤ‬ ‫ﺼَﻠﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺎَّﻣﺔ‬

public interest

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺤﻖ َﺛﻘﺎِﻓ‬ َ ‫ُﻣﻠ‬

cultural attaché

‫ﻀُﻤﻮن‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

guaranteed

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺴﻜَِﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻖ َﻋ‬

military attaché

‫ﻄُﻠﻮب‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻄﺎِﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬

demand

‫َﻣِﻠﻚ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻣُﻠﻮك‬

king

‫ُﻣﻈﺎَﻫَﺮة‬

demonstration

‫َﻣِﻠﻜﺔ‬

queen

‫ﺴﺎِﻣّﻴﺔ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣﻌﺎداة اﻟ‬

anti-Semitism

‫َﻣَﻠِﻜﻲ‬

royalist

‫ُﻣﻌﺎَرﺿﺔ‬

opposition

‫ﺳُﺘﻮِرّﻳﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻣَﻠِﻜّﻴﺔ ُد‬

constitutional monarchy

‫ُﻣﻌﺎَﻫﺪة‬

treaty

‫ُﻣَﻤِّﺜﻞ‬

representative

‫ُﻣِﻌّﺪ‬

compiler (e.g. of report)

‫ُﻣَﻌ َّﻴﻦ‬

specific

‫ُﻣﻔﺎِوض‬

negotiator

‫ُﻣﻔﺎَوﺿﺔ‬

negotiation, discussion

‫ُﻣَﻔ َّﻮض‬

commissioner

‫ُﻣَﻔَّﻮض ﺳﺎٍم‬

High Commissioner

‫ﺼﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺨَﺘ‬ ْ ‫اﻟَﻤﻘﺎﻣﺎت اﻟُﻤ‬

see ‫اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎت اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ‬

‫َﻣْﻤَﻠﻜﺔ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻤﺎِﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﻚ‬

kingdom

ِ ‫َﻣﻨﺎﻋﺔ ِدْﺑُﻠﻮﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺳ َّﻴﺔ‬

diplomatic immunity

‫ُﻣﻨﺎِﻓﺲ‬

rival

‫ُﻣﻨﺎَﻗﺸﺔ‬

debate, discussion

‫ى‬ ‫ُﻣْﻨَﺘﺪ ﹰ‬ pl. ‫ﺪﻳﺎت‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻨَﺘ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫ُﻣْﻨَﺘﻘ‬

meeting place

select (adj.)

118

POLITICS

‫( َﻣَﻨَﺢ‬a)

to award, grant

‫ﻣﺆَﺗَﻤﺮ اﻟِﻘ َّﻤﺔ‬

‫َﻣْﻨُﺪوب‬

delegate, representative

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣُﻜﻮِﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻇﻒ‬ َ ‫ُﻣَﻮ‬

1. government official 2. civil servant

‫ص‬ ّ ‫ﻣﻨﺪوب ﺧﺎ‬

special envoy

‫ﻣﻨﺪوب َﻓْﻮق اﻟﻌﺎدة‬

ambassador extraordinary

‫َﻣْﻮِﻗﻒ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻮاِﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﻒ‬

alternative

‫ُﻣَﺆِّﻳﺪ‬

‫َﻣْﻨُﺪوﺣﺔ‬ pl. ‫ح‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻨﺎِد‬

summit meeting

‫ِﻣﻴﺜﺎق‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻮاِﺛﻴ‬

position, stance

supporter charter

‫َﻣْﻨﺸﺄ‬

native country

‫ﺸﻂ‬ ِّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬

activist

‫َﻣ َّﻴَﺰ‬

to discriminate

‫ﻖ‬ ّ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻨ‬

dissident

(‫ﺳﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻃﻖ )ِﺑﺎ‬ ِ ‫ﻧﺎ‬

spokesman

‫ﺼﺐ‬ َ ‫َﻣْﻨ‬

office, position

‫ﻧﺎﺋﺐ‬ َ ‫ُﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﻮاب‬

ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻨﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬

Member of Parliament

‫ﺼﻮص َﻋَﻠْﻴﻪ‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻨ‬

stipulated, provided for

‫ﺼﻞ‬ ُ ‫ﻧﺎﺋﺐ اﻟُﻘْﻨ‬

vice-consul

َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ‬

organization

‫ﺧﺐ‬ ِ ‫ﻧﺎ‬

voter

non-governmental

‫ﺟِﺪﻳﺪة‬ َ ‫ﻧﺎِزّﻳﺔ‬

neo-Nazism

‫ﺷﻂ‬ ِ ‫ﻧﺎ‬

see ‫ﻣﻨﺸﻂ‬

‫ﻈﻤﺔ ُدَوِﻟ َّﻴﺔ َﻏْﻴﺮ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬ ُ ‫ﺣُﻜﻮِﻣَّﻴﺔ‬

organization

‫ﻈﻤﺔ ُدَوِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬ ُ ‫ﺣُﻜﻮِﻣ َّﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻇﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻧﺎ‬

inspector

organization

‫ﺟﺮ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣﻬﺎ‬

pl. ‫ﻈﺎر‬ َّ ‫ُﻧ‬

emigrant

‫ﺶ‬ َ ‫ﻧﺎَﻗ‬

to discuss

‫ﺟﺮة‬ َ ‫ُﻣﻬﺎ‬

emigration

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺨَﺒَﻮ‬ ْ ‫َﻧ‬

electoral

‫ﻇﺮة‬ َ ‫ُﻣﻬﺎ‬

demonstration

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ َّ ‫َﻧ‬

to arrange

‫ﻄِﺮﻳﻖ‬ َّ ‫َﻣَّﻬﺪَ اﻟ‬

to pave the way

‫ُﻣِﻬّﻢ‬

important

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ﺣَﻤﺎ‬ َ ‫َﻧﺸﻴﺪ‬ َ ِ ‫َﻧﺸﺎﺋﺪُ ﺣﻤﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺳّﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻃﻦ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣﻮا‬

compatriot

ِ ‫ُﻣﻮا‬ ‫ﻃﻨ َّﻴﺔ‬ ‫ُﻣﺆاَﻣﺮة‬ ‫ُﻣﺆَﺗَﻤﺮ‬ pl. ‫ات‬َّ ‫ُﻣْﺆَﺗَﻤﺮ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴﻼم‬

intergovernmental

rallying song

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃِﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻧﺸﻴﺪ َو‬

national anthem

citizenship

‫ب‬ ِ ‫ﺼَﺢ‬ َ ‫( َﻧ‬a)

see ‫( أوﺻﻰ‬1)

conspiracy, plot

see ‫وﺻﻴﺔ‬

conference

‫ﺼﻴﺤﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﺢ‬ ُ ‫َﻧﺼﺎﺋ‬

peace conference

ِ ‫َأْﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﻈﻤﺔ‬

ُ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ وﻃﻨَّﻴﺔ‬

‫ِﻧﻈﺎم‬

regime

POLITICS

‫ﺣﺰاب‬ ْ ‫ِﻧﻈﺎم اﻷ‬ ‫اﻟُﻤَﺘَﻌِّﺪدة‬

see ‫ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺘﻌﺪدﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﺰﺑﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣﺪاِﻧ‬ ْ ‫َو‬

unilateral

‫ﺣﺪة‬ ْ ‫َو‬

unity

‫ِوزارة‬

ministry

‫ﺳِﺘْﻌﻼﻣﺎت‬ ْ ‫وزارة اِﻻ‬

Ministry of Information

Ministry of Public Works

‫ِﻧﻈﺎم اﻟَّﺘَﻌُّﺪدّﻳﺔ‬ ِ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺤْﺰِﺑ َّﻴﺔ‬

multiparty system

‫ﺣﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﺤْﺰب اﻟﻮا‬ ِ ‫ِﻧﻈﺎم اﻟ‬

one-party system

‫ﺤْﻜﻢ‬ ُ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟ‬

political system

‫ﺷﻐﺎل‬ ْ ‫وزارة اﻷ‬ َ‫اﻟُﻌُﻤﻮِﻣّﻴﺔ‬

‫َﻧ َّﻔَﺪ‬

to implement, execute

‫وزارة اﻷْوﻗﺎف‬

‫( َﻧَﻔﻰ‬i)

119

Ministry of Religious Endowments

1. to exile 2. to deny

ْ ‫وزارة اﻟَﺒ‬ ‫ﺤِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

Ministry of the Navy

‫ِﻧﻘﺎش‬

debate

‫وزارة اﻟِّﺘﺠﺎرة‬

Ministry of Trade

َ ‫ُﻧْﻘﻄﺔ اﻟَّﺘ‬ ‫ﺤ ُّﻮل‬

turning point

‫ﻄﻴﻂ‬ ِ ‫ﺨ‬ ْ ‫وزارة اﻟ َّﺘ‬

Ministry of Planning

‫ﺟَﺮ‬ َ ‫ﻫﺎ‬

to emigrate

‫وزارة اﻟ َّﺘْﻌِﻠﻴﻢ‬

Ministry of Education

‫ﺶ‬ َ ‫َﻫ َّﻤ‬

to marginalize

‫وزارة اﻟَّﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬

Ministry of Culture

‫َﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬

‫ﺤْﺮب‬ َ ‫وزارة اﻟ‬

Ministry of War

body (organization)

‫َﻫﻴﺌﺔ اﻟُﻮَزراء‬

ِ ‫وزارة اﻟﺨﺎِر‬ ‫ﺟ َّﻴﺔ‬

Foreign Office

Cabinet

‫ﺧﺒﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻫْﻴﺌﺔ ﻧﺎ‬

ِ ‫وزارة اﻟَّﺪا‬ ‫ﺧِﻠ َّﻴﺔ‬

Home Office

electorate

‫َﻫْﻴﺒﺔ‬

‫وزارة اﻟِّﺪﻓﺎع‬

Ministry of Defence

prestige

‫وزارة اﻟِّﺰراﻋﺔ‬

Ministry of Agriculture

‫ﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ِّ ‫وزارة اﻟ‬

Ministry of Tourism

Ministry of Social Affairs

ِ ‫وا‬ ‫ﺳﻊ اﻟ ِّﻨﻄﺎق‬

far-reaching

‫واَﻓﻖَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to approve

‫واٍل‬

governor

ُّ ‫وزارة اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸﺆون‬ َ‫ﺟِﺘﻤﺎِﻋّﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫اِﻻ‬

‫َوﺛﺎﺋﻖ اِﻻْﻋِﺘﻤﺎد‬

credentials

َّ ‫وزارة اﻟ‬ َّ ‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﺤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟُﻌُﻤﻮِﻣَّﻴﺔ‬

Ministry of Public Health

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫واِﻗِﻌ‬

realistic

َّ ‫وزارة اﻟ‬ ‫ﻄْﻴﺮان‬

Ministry of Aviation

document (official)

‫وزارة اﻟَﻌْﺪل‬

Ministry of Justice

‫ِوزارة اﻟَﻌَﻤﻞ‬

Ministry of Employment

pl. ‫وﻻة‬ ُ

‫َوِﺛﻴﻘﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬ ُ ‫َوﺛﺎﺋ‬ ْ ‫َو‬ ‫ﻈﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺟﻬﺔ اﻟ َّﻨ‬

point of view

‫وزاة اﻟﻤﺎِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

Ministry of Finance

َّ ‫َو‬ ‫ﺣَﺪ‬

to unite

‫ﺻﻼت‬ ِ ‫وزارة اﻟُﻤَﻮا‬

Ministry of Communications

120

‫َوِزﻳﺮ‬ pl. ‫زراُء‬ َ ‫ُو‬

LAW AND ORDER minister

‫ﻃﻦ‬ َ ‫َو‬ ْ‫أ‬ pl. ‫وﻃﺎن‬

‫وزﻳﺮ ِﺑﻼ ِوزارة‬

minister without portfolio

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃِﻨ‬ َ ‫َو‬

nationalist

‫وزﻳﺮ ُﻣَﻔَّﻮض‬

minister plenipotentiary

َ ‫َو‬ ‫ﻃِﻨ َّﻴﺔ‬

nationalism

‫ﺳﻴﻂ‬ ِ ‫َو‬

intermediary

‫ﻃﻴﺪ‬ ِ ‫َو‬

solid (e.g. ties)

َ ‫ُو‬ pl. ‫ﺳﻄﺎُء‬ ‫ِوﺻﺎﻳﺔ‬

mandate

‫ﺼُﻞ( إﻟﻰ‬ ِ ‫ﺻﻞَ )َﻳ‬ َ ‫َو‬ ُّ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴْﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫ب‬ ِ ‫ﺻﻰ‬ َّ ‫َو‬ ‫ﺻﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟَﻌْﺮش‬ ِ ‫َو‬ ِ ‫أْو‬ pl. ‫ﺻﻴﺎء‬ ‫ﺻﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫َو‬ pl. ‫وﺻﺎﻳﺎ‬ َ ‫ﺿﻊ‬ ْ ‫َو‬ pl. ‫وﺿﺎع‬ ْ ‫َأ‬

‫ﻇﻴﻔﺔ‬ ِ ‫َو‬ pl. ‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫َوﻇﺎﺋ‬

homeland, nation

office, appointment

to come to power

‫َوْﻓﺪ‬ ُ , ‫أْوﻓﺎد‬ pl. ‫وُﻓﻮد‬

see ‫أوﺻﻰ‬

َ ‫ِوﻻﻳﺔ َو‬ ‫ﻃِﻨ َّﻴﺔ‬

national jurisdiction

regent

‫َوِﻟﻲ اﻟَﻌْﻬﺪ‬

Crown Prince

‫اﻟَﻴﺴﺎر‬

the Left

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺴﺎِر‬ َ ‫َﻳ‬

left-wing

‫اﻟَﻴِﻤﻴﻦ‬

the Right

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻳِﻤﻴِﻨ‬

right-wing

advice, counsel

see ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ‬

delegation, deputation

Law and order ‫ِاْﺑَﺘَّﺰ‬

to blackmail blackmail

‫أْﺑَﺮأ‬

to acquit acquittal, release (e.g. from liability)

‫ب‬ ِ ‫ِاَّﺗَﻬﻢَ ه‬

to accuse s.o. of s.thing

‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫أْﺛَﺒ‬

to prove

‫أَﺛﺮ اﻟَﻘَﺪم‬ pl. -‫آﺛﺎر‬ ‫ﺠَﺰ‬ َ ‫ﺣَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

1. kidnapping, abduction 2. hijacking

‫ِاْﺑِﺘﺰاز‬

‫إْﺑﺮاُء‬

‫ﺧِﺘﻄﺎف‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

footprint

to detain

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﺧَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

1. to kidnap, abduct, take hostage 2. to hijack

‫ﺧِﺘﻼس‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

embezzlement

َ ‫ﺧَﺘَﻠ‬ ‫ﺲ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to embezzle

(‫ب‬ ِ ) ‫أدان‬

to convict s.o. of s.thing

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ِاْرَﺗَﻜ‬

to commit (a crime)

‫إْرﻫﺎب‬

terrorism

LAW AND ORDER

121

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫إْرﻫﺎِﺑ‬

terrorist

‫ِاْﻏِﺘﺼﺎب‬

rape

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫أْرَﻫ‬

to terrorize

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻏَﺘ‬

to rape

‫أﺳﺎءَ اﻟُﻤﻌﺎَﻣﻠﺔ‬

to mistreat

‫ِاْﻏِﺘﻴﺎل‬

assassination, murder

‫ﺳِﺘﺌﻨﺎف‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

appeal

‫ِاْﻓِﺘﺮاض‬

hypothesis, assumption

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺳﺘﺄَﻧ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to appeal (against a sentence)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺿ‬ ِ ‫ِاْﻓِﺘﺮا‬

hypothetical

‫ﺳِﺘْﺌﻨﺎِﻓّﻴًﺎ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

by appeal

‫أْﻓَﺮجَ َﻋﻦ‬

to release

‫ب‬ َ ‫ﺠَﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺳَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to interrogate, question

‫ِاْﻗَﺘَﻔﻰ أَﺛَﺮه‬

to follow s.o.’s tracks

interrogation

‫ﺴَﻢ‬ َ ‫أْﻗ‬

to take an oath, swear

‫أْﻟَﻐﻰ‬

to abrogate

‫ﺠﻮاب‬ ْ ‫ﺳِﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﺳَﺘْﺪﻋﺎ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to summon, subpoena

‫ﺳِﺘْﺪﻋﺎء‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

summons, subpoena

‫ِاْﻧِﺘﻬﺎك‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘْﺬَﻧ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to find guilty of a crime

‫ﺤﺮاف‬ ِ ‫ِاْﻧ‬

delinquency

clash

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫أْوَﻗ‬

see ‫اﻋﺘﻘﻞ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟِﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﺑﺄَﺛﺮ َر‬

with retroactive force

‫ﺷِﺘﺒﺎك‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

violation

‫ﺷَﺘَﺒَﻪ ِﻓﻲ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to suspect (s.o.) of s.thing

‫ط‬ َ ‫ﺷَﺘَﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to stipulate

‫ﺷﻐﺎل ﺷﺎﻗﺔ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

hard labour

‫ﺣﻜﻤًﺎ‬ ُ َ‫ﺻَﺪر‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to hand down a sentence

َّ ‫ﺿﺮاب ﻋﻦ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫إ‬ ‫ﻄﻌﺎم‬

hunger strike

(‫ﺣُﻪ‬ َ ‫ﺳﺮا‬ َ ) َ‫ﻃَﻠﻖ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to release, set free

‫ﻇَﻬَﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to demonstrate, show

pl. ‫ُﺑُﻨﻮد‬

‫ﺤُﻘﻮق‬ ُ ‫إﻋﺎدة اﻟ‬

rehabilitation

‫َﺑﻴﺖ اﻟَّﺪﻋﺎرة‬

brothel

‫ِاْﻋِﺘﺪاء ﻋﻠﻰ‬

attempt on s.o.’s life

‫َﺗْﺒﺮﺋﺔ‬

exoneration

‫ب‬ ِ َ‫ِاْﻋَﺘَﺮف‬

to confess

‫ﺤِﻘﻴﻖ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

investigation

‫ِاْﻋَﺘَﻘَﻞ‬

to arrest

‫أْﻋَﺪَم‬

to execute

‫ِاْﻏﺘﺎَل‬

to assassinate

‫َﺑِﺮىء‬ pl. ‫ﺮﻳﺎُء‬ ِ ‫أْﺑ‬ ‫ﺼﻤﺔ اﻷﺻﺎِﺑﻊ‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬ َ ‫َﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﺼﻤﺎت‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫َﺑْﻠ‬ pl. ‫ﺠّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫َﺑْﻠ‬ ‫َﺑْﻨﺪ‬

innocent

fingerprint

gangster

article

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟﻨﺎِﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﺤِﻘﻴﻖ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫َﺗﺮاَﻓﻊَ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺤﺎِﻛﻢ‬

criminal investigation to bring one’s case before a judge

122

‫ﺧﻴﺺ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﺮ‬

LAW AND ORDER 1. licensing 2. licence

‫ﺣَﻛﻢَ َﻋَﻠْﻴِﻪ ِﺑﺎﻹْﻋﺪ ام‬ َ

to sentence s.o. to death

‫ﺣْﻜﻢ‬ ُ

1. judgement

‫َﺗْﺰِوﻳﺮ‬

forgery

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺣﻜﺎم‬

2. sentence

‫ﺠﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

registration

‫ﺣﻜﻢ ﺑﺎِﻻْﻋﺪام‬

death sentence

ُ ‫ﺴِﻮﻳﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺣِّﺒ َّﻴﺔ‬

amicable settlement

‫ﺣﻜﻢ اﻟَﺒﺮاءة‬

acquittal

‫َﺗْﻌِﺬﻳﺐ‬

see ‫ﻋﺬاب‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ ِﻏﻴﺎِﺑ‬

trial in absentia

ُّ ‫َﺗْﻘِﺮﻳﺮ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸْﺮﻃﺔ‬

police report

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣْﻜِﻤ‬ ُ

legal

‫َﺗﻼَءمَ َﻣَﻊ‬

to comply with

‫ﺣَﻠﻒَ َﻳِﻤﻴﻨًﺎ‬ َ (i)

to take an oath

‫َﺗْﻬِﺮﻳﺐ‬

‫ﺣﻮاﻟﺔ‬ َ

assignment, cession

smuggling

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺧﺎَﻟ‬

to break (rule)

‫ﺸﺮ‬ َ ‫َﺗْﻬِﺮﻳﺐ اﻟَﺒ‬ ‫ُﺗْﻬﻤﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﺗ‬ pl. ‫ﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺟِﺮﻳﻤﺔ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺟﺮاﺋ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺤَﻜﻤﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺟْﻠﺴﺔ اﻟَﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺟﻨﺎﻳﺔ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺟﻨﺎﻳﺎ‬ َ ‫ﺟْﻨﺤﺔ‬ ُ ُ pl. ‫ﺟَﻨﺢ‬

people smuggling, trafficking accusation, charge

crime

‫ﺧِﺒﻴﺮ‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﺧَﺒﺮاُء‬ ‫ﺼﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺼﻮم‬

expert

adversary

‫ﺧﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬ ِ

treason

court hearing

‫ﻈَﻤﻰ‬ ْ ‫ﺧﻴﺎﻧﺔ ُﻋ‬

high treason

felony

ُّ ‫دار اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸْﺮﻃﺔ‬

police station

‫َدْﻋﻮة‬

summons

misdemeanour

‫َدْﻋَﻮى‬ pl. ‫دﻋﺎوى‬ َ

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟﻬﺎز َﻗﻀﺎﺋ‬ ِ

judicial instrument

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫دﻋﻮى َﻣَﺪِﻧ‬

civil suit

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫ﺣِﺘﻴﺎ‬ ْ ‫ﺣْﺒﺲ ِا‬ َ

remand

‫َدلَّ َﻋَﻠﻰ‬

see ‫أﺛﺒﺖ‬

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺣْﺒﺲ ِاْﻧِﻔﺮاِد‬ َ

solitary confinement

‫ﺳﻮاِﺑﻖ‬ َ ‫ُذو‬

s.o. with a criminal record

‫ﺣﺎَﻛَﻢ‬

to prosecute s.o.

‫راَﻓﻊَ ﻋﻦ‬

‫ﺣَﺘَﻢ‬ َ (i)

to impose, prescribe

‫ﺣﺼﺎﻧﺔ‬ َ

immunity

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣُﻘﻮِﻗ‬ ُ

legist, jurist

‫ﺣَﻜﻢَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ َ (u)

to sentence s.o.

lawsuit

to act as s.o.’s defence counsel

‫ﺟِﻌﻲ‬ ْ ‫َر‬

revocable

َّ ‫َر‬ ‫ﺺ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬

to license

‫ﺳﺘﺌﻨﺎف‬ ْ ‫( َرَﻓَﻊ ِا‬a) (‫)أﻣﺎم‬

(before a court)

to lodge an appeal

LAW AND ORDER

‫( َرَﻓﻊَ اﻟَﺪْﻋَﻮى‬a) ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬

against s.o.

‫ﻀﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ِ ‫رﻓﻊ َﻗ‬

to bring legal action against

‫َرِﻫﻴﻨﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫َرﻫﺎﺋ‬

to file a complaint

hostage

123

‫ﺷْﺮﻃﺔ اﻷدب‬ ُ

vice squad

‫ﺷﻜﺎﻳﺔ‬ َ

complaint

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺷَﻨ‬ َ (u)

to hang

‫ﺷْﻨﻖ‬ َ

hanging

‫ﺻﺎَدقَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫رﺋﻴﺲ اﻟ ِّﻨﻴﺎﺑﺔ‬

chief prosecutor

‫ِزْﻧﺰاﻧﺔ‬

cell (prison)

‫َز َّوَر‬

to forge

ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻜﻮك ﻗﺎُﻧﻮِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫َز َّﻳ‬

to counterfeit (money)

‫ﺣّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺻﻼ‬ َ

jurisdiction

‫ﺳﺎِري اﻟَﻤْﻌُﻘﻮل‬

valid

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻈ‬ ِ ‫ﺤﱡﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺻْﻠﺢ َﺗ‬ ُ

preventive settlement

َ ‫ﺠﺎن‬ َّ ‫ﺳ‬

warder, prison guard

‫ﻃﺎَرَد‬

to chase, pursue

‫ﺠَﻦ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ (u)

to imprison

(‫ب‬ ِ ) َ‫ﻋﺎَﻗﺐ‬

to punish s.o. (for)

prison

‫ﺐء اﻹْﺛﺒﺎت‬ ْ ‫ِﻋ‬

burden of proof

prisoner, inmate

‫َﻋَﺪﺳﺔ‬

magnifying glass

political prisoner

‫َﻋْﺪل‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻋﺪول‬

thief

١ ‫َﻋْﺪو َﻗْﻮِﻣﻲّ َرْﻗﻢ‬

public enemy No 1

‫َﻋِﺪﻳﻢ اَﻷْﻫِﻠّﻴﺔ‬

legally incompetent

‫ﺠﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺠﻮن‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﺠﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺠﻨﺎُء‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ , ‫ﺠَﻨﻰ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻴﺎ‬ ِ ‫ﺠﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﺎِرق‬ pl. ‫ﺮﻗﺔ‬ َ‫ﺳ‬ َ , ‫ﺳَﺮاق‬ ُ

to authenticate (e.g. signature)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻﻚّ ﻗﺎُﻧﻮِﻧ‬ َ

legal instrument

notary public

‫ق‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺮ‬ َ (i)

to steal

‫ﺳِﺮﻗﺔ‬ َ

theft

‫َﻋﺬاب‬ ِ ‫أْﻋ‬, ‫ات‬pl. ‫ﺬﺑﺔ‬

ُ ‫ﺳ َّﻔﺎح‬

killer

‫ب‬ َ ‫َﻋَّﺬ‬

to torture

‫ﺴْﻠﻄﺔ اﻟَﻘﻀﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬ ُّ ‫اﻟ‬

the Judiciary

‫اﻟِﻌﺼﺎﺑﺔ‬

the Mob

َ ‫ﺳ َّﻴﺎف‬

executioner

‫ِﻋﺼﺒﺔ‬

(criminal) gang

witness

‫َﻋْﻔﻮ‬

1. pardon

‫ﺷﺎِﻫﺪ‬ pl. ‫ﻬﻮد‬ ُ‫ﺷ‬ ُ

torture

2. amnesty

‫ﺷﺎِﻫﺪ اﻟِﻌﻴﺎن‬

eye-witness

‫ِﻋﻘﺎب‬

punishment

‫ﺷْﺮﻃﺔ‬ ُ

police

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِﻋﻘﺎِﺑ‬

penal

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫ﺷْﺮ‬ ُ

policeman

‫ُﻋُﻘﻮﺑﺔ‬

punishment, sanction

124

LAW AND ORDER

‫ُﻋُﻘﻮﺑﺔ اﻹْﻋﺪام‬

death penalty

‫ُﻋْﻨﻒ‬

violence

‫َﻋِﻨﻴﻒ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻋُﻨﻒ‬ ‫َﻏﺮاﻣﺔ‬

violent

‫ﺴﻢ‬ َ ‫َﻗ‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﺴﺎم‬ ‫ﻀﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻗ‬ pl. ‫َﻗﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬

oath

lawsuit

‫َﻗَﻔﺺ اِﻻِّﺗﻬﺎم‬

prisoner’s dock

‫َﻗ َّﻮاد‬

pimp

‫َﻗْﻴﺪ‬

handcuff

1. fine 2. damages

‫( َﻏِﺮَم‬a)

to pay (a fine)

‫َﻏ َّﺮَم‬

to fine

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻏْﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﻧﻮِﻧ‬

illegal

ُ , ‫ون‬pl. ‫ﻛَﺘﺎب‬

‫ﺴﻞ اَﻷْﻣﻮال‬ ْ ‫ُﻏ‬

money laundering

‫ﺧِﺘﺰال‬ ْ ‫ﻛﺎِﺗﺐ ِا‬

stenographer

‫ﺴﻴﻞ اَﻷْﻣﻮال‬ ِ ‫َﻏ‬

see ‫ﻏﺴﻞ اﻷﻣﻮال‬

‫ﻛﺎِﻣﻞ اَﻷْﻫِﻠّﻴﺔ‬

legally competent

‫ﺶ‬ ّ ‫ ِﻏ‬،‫ﺶ‬ ّ ‫َﻏ‬

fraud

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺸﺎف َﻛْﻬَﺮﺑﺎﺋ‬ َّ ‫َﻛ‬

searchlight

‫ﻀَﺢ‬ َ ‫( َﻓ‬u)

to expose, uncover

َّ ‫َﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺸﺎﻓﺔ َﻛْﻬ‬ pl. ‫ﺮﺑﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

scandalous act, infamy

‫( َﻛَﻔَﻞ‬i, u)

to guarantee

‫َﻛﻔﺎﻟﺔ‬

bail

َّ ‫َﻛِﻠﻤﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸْﺮف‬

word of honour

ْ ‫َﻟ‬ ‫ﺤِﻠﻴﻒ‬ ْ ‫ﺠﻨﺔ اﻟَّﺘ‬

jury

َّ ‫( َﻟ‬u) ‫ﺺ‬

to rob

‫ﺺ‬ ّ ‫ِﻟ‬

robber

‫ﻀﻴﺤﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻓ‬ ُ ‫َﻓﻀﺎﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﺢ‬ ‫ﻗﺎِﺗﻞ‬ pl. ‫ُﻗَﺘﺎل‬ ‫ض‬ ٍ ‫ﻗﺎ‬ pl. ‫ُﻗﻀﺎة‬ ‫ﻗﺎُﻧﻮن‬

pl. ‫ُﻗُﻴﻮد‬

‫ﻛﺎِﺗﺐ‬

murderer

judge

law

pl. ‫َﻗﻮاِﻧﻴﻦ‬

court secretary

pl. ‫ﺼﻮص‬ ُ ‫ُﻟ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟﻨﺎﺋ‬ َ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬

criminal law

ِ ‫ﺼﻮ‬ ُ ‫ُﻟ‬ ‫ﺻ َّﻴﺔ‬

robbery

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺳُﺘﻮِر‬ ْ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ُد‬

constitutional law

‫ِﻟﻘﺎء َﻛﻔﺎﻟﺔ‬

on bail

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ُدَوِﻟ‬

international law

َ ‫ﺟﻢ ُﻣ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣَﺘْﺮ‬ ‫ﺤ َّﻠﻒ‬

sworn translator

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن َﻣَﺪِﻧ‬

civil law

‫ُﻣَّﺘَﻬﻢ ب‬

accused of

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮِﻧ‬

legal, lawful

‫اﻟُﻤ َّﺘَﻬﻢ‬

the accused

‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬

lawfulness

‫ﺠِﺮم‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

criminal

‫ﺾ َﻋَﻠﻰ‬ َ ‫( َﻗَﺒ‬i)

see ‫اﻋﺘﻘﻞ‬

‫ُﻣﺤﺎَﻛﻤﺔ‬

court hearing

LAW AND ORDER

125

‫ُﻣﺤﺎٍم‬

lawyer

‫ﺴُﺮوﻗﺎت‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

stolen goods

‫ُﻣﺤﺎَوﻟﺔ اِﻻْﻏِﺘﻴﺎل‬

assassination attempt

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺴَّﻠﺢ‬

gunman

‫ﻀﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

court usher

‫ﺸَﺒَﺒﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

suspect

‫ُﻣﺤَّﻘﻖ‬

detective

‫ﺸَﺘَﺒﻪ ب‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

suspected of

court, tribunal

‫ﺸُﺒﻮه‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

suspicious, dubious

‫ﺸِّﺮع‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

lawmaker

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺸُﺮوِﻋ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

see ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ‬

‫ﺸُﺮوِﻋّﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

legality

‫ﺤَﻜﻤﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺤﺎِﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺤَﻜﻤﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

criminal court

‫ﺤَﻜﻤﺔ اﻟﺠﻨﺎﺋّﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫اﻟَﻤ‬ ‫اﻟُّﺪَوِﻟّﻴﺔ‬

Tribunal

‫ﻣﺤﻜﻤﺔ ُﻋْﺮِﻓ َّﻴﺔ‬

court martial

‫ب‬ ِ ‫ﺤُﻜﻮم َﻋَﻠْﻴِﻪ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

sentenced to

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺤ َّﻠﻒ‬

juror

‫ُﻣﺨﺎَﻟﻔﺔ‬

infringement, violation

ْ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺴﺮاح‬ َّ ‫ﻄَﻠﻖ اﻟ‬

at large

‫ﺨَﺘِﻠﺲ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

embezzler

‫ُﻣَﻌٍﺪ‬

aggressor

illegal drug

‫ﺠﺮاﺋﻢ‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻌﺘﺎد اﻟ‬

habitual criminal

‫ُﻣَﻌ َّﻠﻖ‬

pending

‫ﺼﺐ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣْﻐَﺘ‬

rapist

‫ُﻣْﻔَﺘَﺮض‬

alleged (adj.)

‫ُﻣَﻔِّﺘﺶ‬

inspector

‫اﻟّﻤ َّﺪِﻋﻲ اﻟﻌﺎّم‬

public prosecutor

‫ﺷْﺮﻃﺔ‬ ُ ‫ُﻣَﻔَّﻮض‬

police commissioner

‫َﻣْﻤُﻨﻮع‬

forbidden

‫( َﻣَﻨﻊ‬a)

to prohibit

‫ُﻣَﻬِّﺮب‬

smuggler

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺨَّﺪر‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

International Criminal

‫ب‬ ِ ‫ُﻣﺪان‬

convicted of

‫اﻟُﻤَﺪَﻋﻰ َﻋَﻠْﻴﻪ‬

defendant

‫اﻟُﻤَﺪِﻋﻲ‬

plaintiff

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻣَﺪِﻧ‬

civil

‫ﺠﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺴ‬ ِّ ‫ُﻣِﺪﻳﺮ اﻟ‬

prison governor, warden

‫ُﻣْﺬِﻧﺐ‬

guilty party

‫ُﻣﺮاَﻓﻌﺔ‬

1. proceedings at law 2. speech for the defence

‫ﺸَﻨﻘﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺸﺎِﻧ‬ ‫ﺸَﻬﺪ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺸﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻫﺪ‬

‫ُﻣْﺮَﺗِﻜﺐ‬

criminal

‫َﻣﺰاِﻋُﻢ‬

allegations

‫ُﻣَﻬ َّﺮب‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ُﻣَﺰِّﻳﻒ‬

counterfeiter

‫ُﻣْﻬﻠﺔ‬

gallows

scene (crime)

contraband

respite, delay

126

THE MILITARY

ِ ّ‫َﻣﻮاد‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

criminal cases

‫ﻣﻮادّ َﻣَﺪِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬

civil cases

‫ُﻣﻮَﻓﺪ‬

delegate

‫ﺸﺎل‬ َّ ‫َﻧ‬

pickpocket

‫ﺸﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﻧ‬

pickpocketing

‫ُﻫُﺮوب‬

flight, getaway

‫اﻟ ِّﻨﻴﺎﺑﺔ‬

the prosecution

‫َﻫﻮادة‬

leniency, clemency

public prosecution

‫َوﺻﺎﻳﺎ‬

regulation, ordinance

‫ِﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ُﻋُﻤﻮِﻣ َّﻴﺔ‬

service

‫ﻫﺎِرب‬

fugitive, runaway

‫ِﻫﺮاوة‬ pl. ‫وى‬ َ ‫َﻫﺮا‬

truncheon

‫ب‬ َ ‫( َﻫَﺮ‬u)

to escape

‫ب‬ َ ‫َﻫ َّﺮ‬

1. to free (a prisoner) 2. to smuggle

‫َﻳِﻤﻴﻦ‬ َ ‫أْﻳ‬, ‫أْﻳﻤﺎن‬ pl. ‫ﻤﻦ‬

oath

The military ‫أﺑﺎَد‬

to annihilate

‫ﺟَﻊ‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘْﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to recover

‫ﺟﻤﺎِﻋّﻴﺔ‬ َ ‫إﺑﺎدة‬

genocide

‫ﺳِﺘْﺮﺟﺎع‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

recovery

‫ﺟﺮاءات أْﻣِﻨّﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫إ‬

‫ق‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘَﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to monitor (communications)

security measures

‫ﺟَﻠﻰ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﺳِﺘﺴﻼم‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

surrender

to evacuate (trans.)

‫ﺣِﺘﻼَل‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

‫ﺴَﻠَﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺳَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to surrender

occupation

ْ ‫ِا‬ ‫ﺣَﺘَّﻞ‬

‫ﺳِﺘﻄﻼع‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

reconnaissance

to occupy

‫ض‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘْﻌَﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to review (troops)

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺴَﻜِﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣِﺘﻼل َﻋ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

military occupation

to draw (a sword)

‫ﺣﻜﺎم ُﻋْﺮِﻓَﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

َ‫ﺳَﺘّﻞ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

martial law

‫ف‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘْﻬَﺪ‬ ْ ‫ا‬

to target

‫ﺠﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫أداة اﻟ َّﺘْﻔ‬

explosive device

‫ﺳَﺘَﻮَﻟﻰ‬ ْ ‫ا‬

to confiscate

the Occupied Territories (Palestine)

‫ﺳَﺮ‬ َ ‫( أ‬i)

to take prisoner

‫ﺠْﻴﺶ‬ َ ‫أْرﻛﺎن اﻟ‬

general staff

‫ﻄﻮل‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ُأ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫ﻃﻴ‬ ِ ‫أﺳﺎ‬

‫ﺨﺒﺎرات‬ ْ ‫ﺳِﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

see ‫ﻣﺨﺎﺑﺮات‬

ْ ‫ﺿﻲ اﻟُﻤ‬ ِ ‫اﻷرا‬ ‫ﺤَﺘَّﻠﺔ‬

‫ﺺ‬ َ ‫ﺨَﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﺳَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ ‫اﻟَﻤْﻌُﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬

to debrief

fleet

‫ﺧِﻔﻴﻔﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺳِﻠﺤﺔ‬ ْ ‫َأ‬

small arms

‫ﺳﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫َأ‬

captive, prisoner of war

ْ ‫ُأ‬, ‫ﺳَﺮى‬ ْ ‫َأ‬, ‫َأﺳﺎَرى‬ pl. ‫ﺳﺮاُء‬

THE MILITARY

127

‫ﺷﻌﺎع‬ ْ ‫ِإ‬

radiation

‫ﺠَﺮ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧَﻔ‬

to explode, detonate

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﻃَﻠ‬ ْ ‫َأ‬

to launch (e.g. missile)

‫ِاْﻧَﻬَﺰَم‬

to be defeated, routed

‫ﻃَﻠﻖَ اﻟَﻨﺎر ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to shoot, open fire at

‫ﺑﺎِرﺟﺔ‬

warship, man of war

‫اْﻋَﺘَﻘَﻞ‬

to intern (prisoner)

ُ ‫َﺑﻮاِر‬ pl. ‫ج‬

‫أْﻏَﻤَﺪ‬

to sheathe (sword)

‫ﺑﺎُرود‬

‫ﺤَﻢ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻗَﺘ‬

to storm

َ ‫آﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺣْﺮِﺑ َّﻴﺔ‬

instrument of war

‫ﺠْﻴﺶ‬ َ ‫ﺤﻖَ ﺑﺎﻟ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻟَﺘ‬

to join the army

‫( أَﻣَﺮ‬u)

to command

‫أْﻣﺮ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﺮ‬ ِ ‫أوا‬

command

‫ﻄﻞ‬ َ ‫َﺑ‬ pl. ‫أْﺑﻄﺎل‬ ‫ُﺑُﻠﻮك‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫َﺑْﻨﺪ‬

gunpowder, saltpetre hero

company

banner

pl. ‫ُﺑُﻨﻮد‬

‫ُﺑْﻨُﺪِﻗ َّﻴﺔ‬

gun, rifle

‫ُﺑْﻨُﺪِﻗّﻴﺔ آِﻟّﻴﺔ‬

automatic rifle

‫ﻃﻼق اﻟّﻨﺎر‬ ْ ‫َﺗﺒﺎَدلَ إ‬

to exchange fire

nuclear proliferation

‫ﺴﻼح‬ ِّ ‫ﺠِﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

disarmament

‫ِاْﻧِﺘﺼﺎر‬

victory

to spy

‫ﺼﺮَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧَﺘ‬

َّ ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫َﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

to be victorious over

ُّ ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺴﺲ‬

espionage

‫ِاْﻧَﺪَﻟَﻊ‬

to break out (war)

‫ﺠِﻨﻴﺪ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

enlistment, mobilization

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟﺒﺎِر‬ ْ ‫ﺠِﻨﻴﺪ إ‬ ْ ‫ِﺗ‬

conscription

‫ﺤِﺮﻳﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

liberation

‫ﺨِﺮﻳﺐ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

sabotage

(‫ﺧﻞَ )ﻓﻲ‬ َّ ‫َﺗَﺪ‬

to intervene (in)

‫آِﻣﺮ‬

commanding officer

‫أِﻣﻴﺮ اﻟِﻠﻮاء‬

brigadier

‫ﺳِﻠﺤﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِاْﻧِﺘﺸﺎر اَﻷ‬ ‫اﻟّﻨَﻮِوّﻳﺔ‬

‫إْﻧﺬار‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

alarm

‫إﻧﺬار ِﺑُﻮُﻗﻮع ﻏﺎرات‬ َ ‫ﺟِّﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

air-raid warning

‫ﺴﺤﺎب‬ ِ ‫ِاْﻧ‬

withdrawal

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ِاﻧ‬

to withdraw (troops)

‫ﻀﺒﺎط‬ ِ ‫ِاْﻧ‬

discipline

(‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺴَﻜِﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺧﻞ )َﻋ‬ ُّ ‫َﺗَﺪ‬

(military) intervention

‫ِاْﻧِﻌﻜﺎﺳﺎت‬

repercussions

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺴﻜَِﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺗْﺪِرﻳﺐ َﻋ‬

military training

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧَﻐَﻠ‬

to be defeated

‫َﺗْﺪِﻣﻴﺮ‬

destruction

‫ِاْﻧِﻔﺠﺎر‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

explosion

‫ُﺗْﺮس‬ pl. ‫ﺮوس‬ ُ ‫ُﺗ‬, ‫أْﺗﺮاس‬

shield

128

THE MILITARY

‫َﺗْﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ‬

arsenal

‫ﺟﻼء‬ َ

evacuation

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺴ ُّﺮب‬

see ‫ﺗﺴ ُّﻠﻞ‬

‫ﺠُﻠﻮ(َﻋﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺟﻼ )َﻳ‬ َ

to evacuate from

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺴ َّﻠﻞَ إَﻟﻰ‬

to infiltrate

َ ‫ﺟ َّﻨَﺪ‬

to conscript, draft

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺴُّﻠﻞ‬

infiltration

‫ﺟْﻨﺪ‬ ُ (coll.)

soldiers

‫ﺸِﻜﻴﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

formation (order)

ُ pl. ‫ﺟُﻨﻮد‬

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺴَّﻠَﺢ‬

to arm oneself

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟْﻨِﺪ‬ ُ

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻄِﻬﻴﺮ إْﺛِﻨ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

ethnic cleansing

‫َﺗْﻌﺒﺌﺔ‬

mobilization

pl. ‫ﺟُﻴﻮش‬ ُ

ْ ‫َﺗْﻌِﺰﻳﺰات َﻋ‬ ‫ﺴَﻜِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

military reinforcements

‫ﺣِﺘﻼل‬ ْ ‫ﺟﻴﺶ اِﻻ‬

occupation force

‫َﺗْﻔِﺘﻴﺶ‬

inspection

‫ب‬ َ ‫ﺣﺎَر‬

to wage war

1. soldier 2. private (rank)

ُ ‫َﺗﻔﺎِﺗﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﺶ‬

‫ﺟْﻴﺶ‬ َ

‫ﺣﺎِرس‬ َ‫ﺣ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺮاس‬

army

sentry

َّ ‫َﺗَﻔ‬ ‫ﺠَﺮ‬

to explode (intrans.)

‫َﺗَﻔ َّﻘَﺪ‬

to inspect

‫ﺻَﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺣﺎ‬

to besiege

‫َﺗﻘﺎَﺗَﻞ‬

to fight one another

(‫ﺣﺎَﻓﻆ )ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to protect against

‫ﺴَﻜِﺮّﻳﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺗْﻜِﺘﻴﻜﺎت َﻋ‬

military tactics

‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟَّﺘﺄ ُّﻫﺐ‬

state of alert

‫َﺗَﻤُّﺮد‬

1. rebellion

‫ﺤْﺮب‬ َ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟ‬

state of war

‫ﻄﺎﺋﺮات‬ ّ ‫ﺣﺎِﻣﻠﺔ اﻟ‬

see ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻠﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮات‬

‫ﺣﺎِﻣﻴﺔ‬

garrison

‫ب‬ َ ‫ﺣِﺮ‬ َ (a)

to wage war against

‫ﺣْﺮب‬ َ (f.)

war

2. mutiny

‫َﺗَﻮ َّﻏﻞَ ِﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﺋﺮ‬ pl. ‫ُﺛﻮار‬ ‫ﺳﻮس‬ ُ ‫ﺟﺎ‬ ِ ‫ﺟﻮا‬ َ pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﻴ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﺎن‬ َ

to penetrate deeply into see ‫ﻣﺘﻤﺮد‬

spy

‫ﺣْﺮب اﻷْدﻏﺎل‬ َ

jungle warfare

‫ﺣْﺮب َأْﻫِﻠّﻴﺔ‬ َ

civil war

cowardice

‫اﻟﺤﺮب اﻟﺒﺎِردة‬

the Cold War

injured person

‫ﻃﻔﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺮب ﺧﺎ‬

blitzkrieg

‫ﺣﺮب اﻟِﻌﺼﺎﺑﺎت‬

guerrilla warfare

َ ‫ﺣ َّﺮَر‬

to liberate

coward

ُ pl. ‫ﺟَﺒﻨﺎُء‬ ‫ﺟﺒﺎﻧﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺟِﺮﻳﺢ‬ َ َ ‫ﺟْﺮ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺣﻰ‬ ُ ‫ﺟَّﻠﺔ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺟَﻠﻞ‬

ُ pl. ‫ﺮوب‬ ُ‫ﺣ‬

cannon ball

THE MILITARY

129

‫ﺸَﺪ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ (i, u)

to mobilize

‫ﺳِﺘْﻌﺪاد‬ ْ ‫َدَرﺟﺔ اِﻻ‬

‫ﺣﺼﺎر‬ ِ

blockade, cordon

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟِّﻮ‬ َ ‫ﺣﺼﺎر‬

air blockade

‫ِدْرع‬ coat of mail pl. ‫روع‬ ُ ‫ُد‬, ‫أْدراع‬, ‫أْدُرع‬

‫ﺼﻴﻠﺔ اﻟَﻘْﺘَﻠﻰ‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

death toll

‫ق‬ ٍ ‫ِدرع وا‬

protective armour

ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ َ ‫ﻈﺮ اﻟَّﺘ‬ ‫ﺠ ُّﻮل‬

see ‫ﻣﻨﻊ ﻟﻠﺘﺠﻮل‬

‫ِدﻓﺎع‬

defence

‫َد َّﻣَﺮ‬

to destroy

‫َدْوِر َّﻳﺔ‬

patrol

military alliance

‫ﺧﻴﺮة‬ ِ ‫َذ‬

ammunition

ally

‫راﺋﺪ‬ pl. ‫واد‬ َّ ‫ُر‬, ‫ون‬-

‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ِ

protection

‫َرﺋﻴﺲ اﻷْرﻛﺎن‬

see ‫رﺋﻴﺲ أرﻛﺎن اﻟﺠﻴﺶ‬

‫ﺣْﻤﻠﺔ‬ َ

campaign

‫ﺣَﻤﻰ‬ َ (i)

to protect

‫رﺋﻴﺲ َأْرﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﺠْﻴﺶ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

chief of general staff

‫ﺣْﻠﻒ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺣﻼف‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺴَﻜِﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣْﻠﻒ َﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﺣِﻠﻴﻒ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺣَﻠﻔﺎُء‬ ُ

‫ﺧﺎﺋﻦ‬ pl. ‫ﻮان‬ َ‫ﺧ‬ ُ

league, alliance

traitor

ْ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ َﻋ‬ ‫ﺴَﻜِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

military service

‫ب‬ َ ‫ﺧَﺮ‬ َ (i)

to destroy, lay waste

‫ﻃﻮش‬ ُ ‫ﺧْﺮ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺶ‬ ُ ‫ﻃﻴ‬ ِ ‫ﺧﺮا‬ َ ‫ﺠﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺧْﻨ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺧﻨﺎ‬ َ ُ‫ﺟ‬ ‫ﺧْﻨَﺪق‬ َ ُ ‫ﺧﻨﺎِد‬ َ pl. ‫ق‬ ‫ﺧﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬ ِ ‫داِرﻋﺔ‬ pl. ‫رع‬ ِ ‫َدوا‬

cartridge

dagger

trench

‫ُرْﺗﺒﺔ‬ pl. ‫رَﺗﺐ‬ ُ

armoured cruiser

major

rank

‫ﺼﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫َرﺷﺎش َﻗ‬

submachine gun

‫َرﺻﺎﺻﺔ‬

bullet

‫َرِﻗﻴﺐ‬ pl. ‫رَﻗﺒﺎُء‬ ُ ‫َرِﻗﻴﺐ أ َّول‬ ‫ُرْﻛﻦ‬ ْ ‫َأ‬ pl. ‫رﻛﺎن‬ ‫ُرْﻣﺢ‬

treason

state of readiness

sergeant

sergeant major military staff

lance

pl. ‫رﻣﺎح‬ ِ

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫( َز‬a)

to advance (army)

‫ﺣﻒ‬ ْ ‫َز‬

advance, march

‫داَﻓﻊَ ﻋﻦ‬

to protect against

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣْﺮِﺑ‬ َ ‫َزْوَرق‬

gunboat

‫َدّﺑﺎﺑﺔ‬

tank

‫ﺳﺎﺣﺔ اﻟِﻘﺘﺎل‬

battlefield

‫ُدّﺑﺎﻧﺔ‬

sight (e.g. rifle)

‫ﺳِﻠﺤﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺳﺒﺎق اﻷ‬ ِ

arms race

130

‫ﺳْﺮب‬ ِ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺳﺮاب‬ ‫ﺣْﺮِﺑّﻴﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺳِﻔﻴﻨﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺳﻼح‬ ِ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺳِﻠﺤﺔ‬

THE MILITARY squadron

see ‫ﺑﺎرﺟﺔ‬ weapon

َ ‫ﺠﻮﻣًﺎ‬ ُ ‫ﺷﻦَّ ُﻫ‬

to launch an attack

‫ﺷَﻬَﺮ‬ َ (a)

to draw (a weapon)

‫ﺷﻬﺮ اﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗ َّﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to level a gun at

‫ﺤﺮب ﻋﻠﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺷﻬﺮ اﻟ‬

to declare war on rocket, missile

‫ﺳﻼح اﻟِّﺪﻣﺎر‬ ِ ‫اﻟﺸﺎِﻣﻞ‬

weapon of mass

‫ﺻﺎروخ‬

destruction

ُ ‫ﺻﻮاِرﻳ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺦ‬

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺳﻼح َذِّر‬ ِ

see ‫ﺳﻼح ﻧﻮوي‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳﻼح َﻗّﺬاِﻓ‬ ِ

ballistic weapon

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺳﻼح َﻧَﻮِو‬ ِ

nuclear weapon

‫ﺳﻼم‬ َ

‫ﺻﺎروخ َﺑِﻌﻴﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻀَﺪى‬

long-range missile

-‫ﻄﺢ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺻﺎُروخ‬ ‫ﺟّﻮ‬ َ

surface-to-air missile

peace

‫ﻃّﻮاف‬ َ ‫ﺻﺎروخ‬

cruise missile

َ ‫ﺳَّﻠَﺢ‬

to arm

ْ ‫ﺳْﻠﻄﺔ َﻋ‬ ُ ‫ﺴَﻜِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

military authority

‫ﺻﺎروخ ﻋﺎِﺑﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎرات‬

‫ﺳْﻠﻚ ﺷﺎﺋﻚ‬ ِ

barbed wire

‫ﺳْﻬﻢ‬ َ ِ pl. ‫ﺳﻬﺎم‬

arrow

َ ‫ﺳ َّﻴﺎرة ُﻣَﺪ َّرﻋﺔ‬

armoured car

َّ ‫ﺳّﻴﺎرة ُﻣَﻔ‬ ‫ﺨﺨﺔ‬ َ

car bomb

‫ﺳْﻴﻒ‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﺳُﻴﻮف‬

sword

‫ﺷﺎِرد‬ deserter, defector pl. ‫ﺮد‬ ُُ , ‫ﺷَﺮد‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ُ , ‫ﺷﻮاِرد‬ َ َّ ‫ﺷ‬ ُ ‫ﺠﺎع‬ pl. ‫ﺠﻌﺎن‬ ْ ‫ﺷ‬ ُ , ‫ﺠﻌﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺷ‬ َ

brave

intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM)

‫ﺼﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺻﺎروخ َﻗ‬ ‫اﻟَﻤَﺪى‬

short-range missile

ّ‫ﺻﺎروخ ُﻣﻀﺎد‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻄﺎﺋﺮات‬

anti-aircraft missile

‫ﺻﺎَﻟَﺢ‬

to make peace

‫ﺻﺮاع‬ ِ

conflict

‫ﺻْﻠﺢ‬ ُ

peace, reconciliation

‫ﺴﻼح‬ ِّ ‫ﺻِﻠﻴﻞ اﻟ‬ َ

clatter of weapons

‫ﺿﺎِﺑﻂ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺿّﺒﺎط‬

officer

‫ﻒ‬ ّ ‫ﺼ‬ َّ ‫ﺿﺎِﺑﻂ اﻟ‬

non-commissioned officer

‫ﺤﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺿ‬ َ

victim

‫ﺷﺠﺎﻋﺔ‬ َ

bravery

‫ﺠَﻊ‬ ُ ‫ﺷ‬ َ (u)

to be brave

‫ﺴَﻜِﺮَﻳﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺸْﺮﻃﺔ اﻟَﻌ‬ ُّ ‫اﻟ‬

َ pl. ‫ﺿﺤﺎﻳﺎ‬

the Military Police

‫ب‬ َ ‫ﺿَﺮ‬ َ (i)

to strike

‫ﺷﻈﺎﻳﺎ‬ َ (pl.)

shrapnel

‫ﺿْﺮﺑﺔ‬ َ

strike

َ (u) ‫ﺣْﺮﺑًﺎ‬ َ َّ‫ﺷﻦ‬

to start a war

pl. ‫ﺮﺑﺎت‬ َ‫ﺿ‬ َ

THE MILITARY

ْ ‫ﺿْﺮﺑﺔ َﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺴَﻜِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

military strike

‫ﺿْﺮﺑﺔ ِوﻗﺎِﺋّﻴﺔ‬ َ

pre-emptive strike

َ ‫ﺿْﺮب اﻟ َّﻨﺎر‬

see ‫ﻗﺼﻒ‬

‫ﻃﺎﺋﺮة َدْوِر َّﻳﺔ‬

reconnaissance plane

‫ﻃﺎﺋﺮة ُﻋُﻤﻮِدّﻳﺔ‬

helicopter

‫ﻃﺎﺋﺮة اﻟِﻘﺘﺎل‬

combat plane

‫ﺣّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻃﺎﺋﺮة ِﻣْﺮَو‬

see ‫ﻃﺎﺋﺮة ﻋﻤﻮدﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻏﺎِﻟﺐ‬ pl. ‫ﻏَﻠﺒﺔ‬ َ

‫ﻃﺎﺋﺮة ُﻣﻘﺎِﺗﻠﺔ‬

fighter plane

‫( َﻏَﺰا‬u)

َ ‫ﻃ َّﺮادة‬

cruiser

‫ﻃْﺮِﺑﻴﺪ‬ ُ

see ‫ﻧﺴﻴﻔﺔ‬

‫ﻃَﺮَد‬ َ (u)

to expel, drive out

‫ﻃَﺮف‬ َ pl. ‫ﻃﺮاف‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻃَﻠﻖ‬ َ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﻃﻼق‬

side, party

shot

‫ﻃّﻴﺎر‬ َ

pilot

‫ﻋﺎَد‬

to treat as an enemy

(‫ﺟْﻴﺸًﺎ‬ َ ) ‫َﻋ َّﺒﺄ‬

to mobilize (an army)

‫ﻰ‬ ّ ‫َﻋﺪّ َﺗﻨﺎُزِﻟ‬

countdown

‫َﻋﺪاوة‬

hostility, animosity

‫َﻋُﺪو‬ pl. ‫ﻋﺪاء‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ُﻋْﺪوان‬

enemy

1. see ‫ﻋﺪاوة‬ 2. aggression, hostile action

(‫َﻋْﻔﻮ ﻋﺎمّ )ﻋﻦ‬ ‫َﻋِﻘﻴﺪ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻋَﻘﺪاء‬

131 general amnesty (for) colonel

‫َﻋَﻤِﻠ َّﻴﺔ ِاْﻧِﺘﺤﺎِر َّﻳﺔ‬

suicide attack

َ ‫ﻏﺎرة‬ ‫ﺟِّﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

air raid

‫ﺻﻠﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻏﺎرات ُﻣَﺘَﻮا‬

rolling attacks

‫َﻏْﺰو‬ pl. ‫ﺰوات‬ َ ‫َﻏ‬ ‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟِّﻮ‬ َ ‫ِﻏﻄﺎء‬ ‫ِﻏْﻤﺪ‬ pl. ‫ﻏﻤﺎد‬ ْ ‫أ‬

victor

to raid, attack raid, incursion

air cover sheath

‫( َﻏِﻨَﻢ‬a)

to plunder

‫َﻏِﻨﻴﻤﺔ‬

(war) booty

ُ ‫َﻏﻨﺎﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ‫َﻏَّﻮاﺻﺔ‬

submarine

‫( َﻓَﺘَﺢ‬a)

to conquer

‫َﻓَﺘﺢَ اﻟّﻨﺎر‬

see ‫أﻃﻠﻖ اﻟﻨﺎر‬

‫ﺶ‬ َ ‫َﻓ َّﺘ‬

see ‫ﺗﻔﻘﺪ‬

‫ُﻓُﺘﻮح‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

conquest

‫ﺠَﺮ‬ َّ ‫َﻓ‬

to explode (trans.)

‫ِﻓﺪاﺋﻲ‬

1. guerrilla fighter 2. fedayeen

‫َﻋِﺮﻳﻒ‬

corporal

pl. ‫ﺮﻓﺎُء‬ َ ‫ُﻋ‬

(‫( َﻓﺮَّ )ﻣﻦ‬i)

‫َﻋِﺮﻳﻒ أ َّول‬

lance corporal

‫ِﻓْﺮﻗﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺮق‬ َ ‫ِﻓ‬

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺴَﻜِﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻋ‬

military (adj.)

‫َﻓْﺮَﻗَﻊ‬

to escape (from), run away company (army)

to explode, burst

132

‫َﻓِﺮﻳﻖ‬ ِ ‫أْﻓ‬ pl. ‫ُﻓﺮوق‬, ‫ﺮﻗﺎُء‬ ‫ﺼﻴﻠﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﻓﺼﺎﺋ‬

THE MILITARY lieutenant general

squad

‫ﺼﻒ‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬

bombardment, shelling

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟِّﻮ‬ َ ‫ﺼﻒ‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬

air bombardment

‫ﺼﻒ َدِﻗﻴﻖ‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬

precision bombing artillery fire

‫ﺼﻴﻠﺔ اﻹْﻋﺪام‬ ِ ‫َﻓ‬

firing squad

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺼﻒ ِﻣْﺪَﻓِﻌ‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬

‫( َﻓ َّﻚ‬u)

to ransom, liberate

‫َﻗَّﻠَﺪ‬

‫َﻓﻜﺎك‬

ransom

‫ق‬ ِ ‫ِﻗﻨﺎع وا‬

gas mask

(‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺴَﻜِﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻓْﻮج )َﻋ‬

regiment

‫َﻗْﻨَﺒَﻞ‬

to bomb

ِ ‫ﺴَﻜ‬ ْ ‫أْﻓﻮاج)َﻋ‬ pl. (‫ﺮَّﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺤْﺮب‬ َ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟ‬

in a state of war

‫َﻓْﻴَﻠﻖ‬

army corps

ُ ‫َﻓﻴﺎِﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬

to confer, award (a decoration)

‫ُﻗْﻨُﺒﻠﺔ‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻨﺎِﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

bomb, shell

‫ُﻗْﻨُﺒﻠﺔ ﺣﺎِرﻗﺔ‬

incendiary bomb

‫ﻗﻨﺒﻠﺔ َذِّر َّﻳﺔ‬

A-bomb

‫ﻗﺎَﺗَﻞ‬

to fight

‫ُﻗْﻨُﺒﻠﺔ ُﻋْﻨُﻘﻮِد َّﻳﺔ‬

cluster bomb

َّ ‫ﻗﺎِذﻗﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺼﻮاِرﻳﺦ‬

rocket launcher

gas shell

‫ﺴَﻜِﺮّﻳﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﻗﺎِﻋﺪة َﻋ‬

‫ُﻗْﻨُﺒﻠﺔ ﻏﺎِز َّﻳﺔ‬

military base

‫ُﻗْﻨُﺒﻠﺔ ﻣﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

depth charge

sniper

‫ﺤِﺮﻗﺔ‬ ْ ‫ُﻗْﻨُﺒﻠﺔ ُﻣ‬

see ‫ﻗﻨﺒﻠﺔ ﺣﺎرﻗﺔ‬

‫ﺠﺮة‬ ِ ‫ُﻗْﻨُﺒﻠﺔ ُﻣْﻨَﻔ‬

high-explosion bomb

‫ُﻗْﻨُﺒﻠﺔ َﻧَﻮِوّﻳﺔ‬

nuclear bomb

ِ ‫ُﻗْﻨُﺒﻠﺔ ِﻫﻴﺪرو‬ ‫ﺟﻴِﻨ َّﻴﺔ‬

hydrogen bomb

‫ُﻗْﻨُﺒﻠﺔ َﻳَﺪِوّﻳﺔ‬

hand grenade

to bomb

‫ﻃّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺣِﺘﻴﺎ‬ ْ ‫ُﻗّﻮات ِا‬

reserves

1. projectile, shell

‫ُﻗّﻮات اَﻷْﻣﻦ‬

security forces

‫ﻗﺎِﻧﺺ‬ pl. ‫ُﻗّﻨﺎص‬ ‫ﻗﺎَوَم‬

to resist

‫( َﻗَﺘَﻞ‬u)

to kill, murder

‫َﻗِﺘﻴﻞ‬ pl. ‫َﻗْﺘَﻠﻰ‬ ‫( َﻗَﺬفَ ِﺑﺎﻟَﻘﻨﺎِﺑﻞ‬i)

casualty (dead)

‫َﻗِﺬﻳﻔﺔ‬ ُ ‫َﻗﺬاﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﻒ‬

2. detonator

Army, ground forces

‫ﻗِﺬﻳﻔﺔ اﻟَﻠَﻬﺐ‬

‫ُﻗّﻮات َﺑِّﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

flame thrower

ْ ‫ُﻗّﻮات َﺑ‬ ‫ﺤِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

Navy

‫َﻗِﺬﻳﻔﺔ ﻫﺎُون‬

mortar bomb

‫ُﻗّﻮات اﻟَّﺘﺤﺎُﻟﻒ‬

the Allied Forces

َ ‫ُﻗّﻮات‬ ‫ﺟِّﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

Airforce

ِ ‫ُﻗّﻮات‬ ‫ﺴﻼم‬ َّ ‫ﺣْﻔﻆ اﻟ‬

peacekeeping forces

‫ﺻﺔ‬ ّ ‫ُﻗّﻮات ﺧﺎ‬

special forces

‫ِﻗﺮاب‬ pl. ‫ﺮب‬ ُ ‫ُﻗ‬, ‫أْﻗِﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﻠﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬ َ ‫ِﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﺸﻞ‬

scabbard

barracks

THE MILITARY

‫ُﻗّﻮة ِدﻓﺎِﻋّﻴﺔ‬

defence force

‫ﺼﺎِﻋﻘﺔ‬ َّ ‫ُﻗّﻮات اﻟ‬

commandos

‫ُﻗ َّﻮة ُﻣَﺘَﻌِّﺪدة‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺎت‬ ِ ‫ﺠْﻨ‬ ِ ‫اﻟ‬

multinational force

‫ﺠﺮات‬ ‫ُﻣَﺘَﻔ ﱢ‬ ‫ُﻣَﺘَﻤِّﺮد‬ ‫ﺠَﺰرة‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺠﺎِز‬ pl. ‫ر‬

َ ‫اﻟُﻘّﻮات اﻟُﻤ‬ ‫ﺴَّﻠﺤﺔ‬

the armed forces

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺠ َّﻨﺪ‬

ِ ‫ُﻗّﻮات َﻫْﻨَﺪ‬ ‫ﺳ َّﻴﺔ‬

engineering corps

‫ُﻣﺨﺎَﺑﺮات‬

‫ُﻗّﻮة ُﻣَﺪَّرﻋﺔ‬

tank corps

‫َﻗْﻮس‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﻮاس‬

133 explosives rebel, insurgent massacre

recruit, conscript intelligence service, secret service

bow

‫ﺨﻤﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺿ‬ َ ‫َﻣﺪاِﻓﻊ‬

heavy artillery

‫ِﻣْﺪَﻓﻊ‬

cannon, gun

pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺪاَﻓ‬

‫ﻛﺎَﻓَﺢ‬

to combat

‫ﺷﺎش‬ ّ ‫ﻣﺪﻓﻊ َر‬

machine gun

‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫( َﻛَﺒ‬i)

to crush, repress

‫ﻣﺪﻓﻊ ﻫﺎُون‬

mortar

battalion

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻣﺪﻓِﻌ‬

artilleryman

‫ِﻣْﺪَﻓِﻌ َّﻴﺔ‬

artillery

‫ﻣﺪﻓﻌ َّﻴﺔ ُﻣﻀﺎدة‬ ‫ﻄﺎﺋﺮات‬ َّ ‫اﻟ‬

anti-aircraft artillery

‫َﻛِﺘﻴﺒﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫َﻛﺘﺎﺋ‬ ‫ُﻛَﻠﺔ‬

1. see ‫ﺟﻠﺔ‬

pl. ‫ﻛَﻠﻞ‬ ُ

2. shell, grenade

‫ﺤْﺮب‬ َ ‫ُﻛِّﻠ َّﻴﺔ اﻟ‬

military academy

‫ُﻣَﺪِّﻣﺮة‬

destroyer (ship)

ambush

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻣَﺪِﻧ‬

civilian

‫َﻣَّﺮدَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to revolt, rebel against

‫ُﻣﺴﺎِﻋﺪ‬

adjutant

‫َﻛِﻤﻴﻦ‬ pl. ‫ﻤﻨﺎء‬ َ ‫ُﻛ‬ ‫( َﻟَﻐَﻢ‬a) ‫ُﻟْﻐﻢ‬ ْ ‫ُﻟ‬ pl. ‫أْﻟﻐﺎم‬, ‫ﻐﻢ‬ ‫ِﻟﻮاء‬

to mine mine

1. general (rank) 2. flag

‫َﻣْﺄُذوِﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎِرد‬ pl. ‫ون‬-, ‫ﺮدة‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬, ‫ُﻣَﺮاد‬

leave, furlough see ‫ﻣﺘﻤﺮد‬

‫ﻣﺎرﺷﺎل‬

marshal

‫ُﻣﺒﺎَﻏﺘﺔ‬

surprise attack

‫ﻄِّﻮع‬ َ ‫ُﻣَﺘ‬

volunteer

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺴَّﺪس‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

revolver

‫ﺤْﺮب‬ َ ‫ﺴَﺮح اﻟ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

theatre of war

‫( اﻟُﻤﺸﺎة‬pl.)

the infantry

‫ﺼَﺮع‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ع‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺼﺎِر‬

battleground

‫ﻈّﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫ِﻣ‬

parachute

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻈِّﻠ‬ َ ‫ِﻣ‬

paratrooper

‫ُﻣْﻌَﺘَﻘﻞ‬

concentration camp

pl. ‫ات‬-

134

‫َﻣْﻌَﺮﻛﺔ‬ pl. ‫ك‬ ُ ‫َﻣَﻌﺎِر‬ ‫ﺴَﻜﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣَﻌ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

THE MILITARY battle

‫َﻣْﻴﺪان اﻟَﻌَﻤِﻠّﻴﺎت‬ ُ ‫ﻧﺎِﻗﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺟُﻨﻮد ُﻣَﺪ َّرﻋﺔ‬

military camp

field of operations armoured personnel carrier (APC)

َّ ‫ﻧﺎِﻗﻠﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻄﺎﺋﺮات‬

aircraft carrier

‫ُﻣْﻌَﻨِﻮﻳﺎت‬

morale

‫ِﻧﺰاع‬

conflict

‫َﻣَﻔّﺮ‬

escape

‫ﺴﻼح‬ ِّ ‫( َﻧَﺰعَ اﻟ‬i)

to disarm

‫ُﻣﻘﺎِﺗﻞ‬

‫ﺴﻼح‬ ِّ ‫َﻧْﺰع اﻟ‬

disarmament

fighter

‫ُﻣَﻘَﺪم‬

lieutenant colonel

‫ُﻣﻜﺎَﻓﺤﺔ‬

struggle, combat

pl. ‫ر‬ ُّ ‫َﻣﻔﺎ‬

‫ُﻣﻼِزم‬

second lieutenant

‫ُﻣﻼِزم أ َّول‬

first lieutenant

‫َﻣْﻠﺠﺄ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻣﻼﺟﻰُء‬

‫ﺴﻴﻔﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻧ‬ ُ ‫َﻧﺴﺎﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﻒ‬ ‫ِﻧﺼﺎب‬

torpedo

hilt, handle (of weapon)

ُ ‫ُﻧ‬, ‫ات‬pl. ‫ﺼﺐ‬ ‫ﺼﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﻧ‬

blade

pl.‫ِﻧﺼﺎل‬ shelter, dugout

‫َﻣْﻠﺠﺄ َﻣﻀﺎدّ ﻟﻠﻐﺎرات‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺠِّﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬ air-raid shelter

‫ِﻧﻀﺎل‬

struggle

‫َﻧَّﻔﺎﺛﺔ‬

jet (plane)

‫ُﻣﻨﺎَورة‬

manoeuvre

‫َﻧَﻔﺮ اﻟُﻘْﺮﻋﺔ‬ pl. -‫َأْﻧﻔﺎر‬

‫ﺼﻮر‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻨ‬

conqueror

‫( َﻧَﻔﻰ‬i)

to exile, banish

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟِّﻮ‬ َ ‫ﻈﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﻄﻘﺔ‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻨ‬

no-fly zone

‫َﻧِﻘﻴﺐ‬

captain

‫ﻄﻘﺔ ﺧﺎِﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻨ‬ ْ ‫اﻷ‬ ‫ﺳِﻠﺤﺔ اﻟَّﻨَﻮِوّﻳﺔ‬

nuclear-free zone

‫ﻄﻘﺔ اﻟِﻘﺘﺎل‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻨ‬

combat zone

َ ‫َﻣْﻨﻊ ﻟﻠَﺘ‬ ‫ﺠ ُّﻮل‬

curfew

‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫َﻣْﻨﻔ‬

place of exile

‫ُﻣﻬﺎَدﻧﺔ‬

truce negotiations

draftee

pl. ‫ُﻧَﻘﺒﺎُء‬

‫َﻧَﻬﺎب‬

plunderer

‫َﻧْﻮط‬

medal

pl. ‫أْﻧﻮاط‬, ‫ِﻧﻴﺎط‬

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﻧَﻮِو‬

nuclear

‫ِﻧﻴﺸﺎن‬

decoration

ُ ‫ﺷﻴ‬ ِ ‫َﻧﻴﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬

َّ ‫ اﻟُﻤَﺆ‬the military ‫ﺴَﻜِﺮّﻳﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺳﺴﺔ اﻟَﻌ‬

‫ﻫﺎَدَن‬

to conclude a truce with

‫َﻣْﻴﺪان اﻟَﺘْﺪِرﻳﺐ‬

‫ﺠَﻢ‬ َ ‫( َﻫ‬i)

to attack

‫ﺠﻮم‬ ُ ‫ُﻫ‬

attack

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺠﻮم إْرﻫﺎِﺑ‬ ُ ‫ُﻫ‬

terrorist attack

drill ground

ُ ‫َﻣﻴﺎِدﻳ‬ pl. -‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺤْﺮب‬ َ ‫ﻣﻴﺪان اﻟ‬

see ‫ﻣﺴﺮح اﻟﺤﺮب‬

ECONOMICS AND COMMERCE

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺠﻮم َﺑِّﺮ‬ ُ ‫ُﻫ‬

ground offensive

‫َﻫِﺰﻳﻤﺔ‬

‫ﺠﻮم ُﻣﻀﺎّد‬ ُ ‫ُﻫ‬

counter-offensive

ُ ‫َﻫﺰاﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬

‫َﻫَﺪف‬ pl. ‫ﻫﺪاف‬ ْ ‫أ‬

target

‫ُﻫْﺪﻧﺔ‬

truce

‫ب‬ َ ‫( َﻫَﺮ‬u)

to flee

‫ﺨْﺪﻣﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻫﺮب َﻣﻦ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫اﻟَﻌ‬ ‫ﺴَﻜِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬ ‫( َﻫَﺰَم‬i)

desertion, draft dodging to rout, defeat

‫َﻫِﻠﻴﻜُْﺒَﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺪة‬ ْ ‫َو‬ pl. ‫ﺣﺪات‬ َ ‫َو‬ ‫َوْرﻃﺔ‬ pl. ‫رﻃﺎت‬ َ ‫َو‬, ‫ِوراط‬ ْ ‫َوْﻗﻖ إ‬ ‫ﻃﻼق اﻟَّﻨﺎر‬

135 defeat

see ‫ﻃﺎﺋﺮة ﻋﻤﻮدﻳﺔ‬

unit

critical situation

ceasefire

Economics and commerce ‫ِاِّﺗﻔﺎق‬

contract

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ِاِّﺗﻔﺎق ِﺗﺠﺎِر‬

trade agreement

‫ِاِّﺗﻔﺎِﻗﻴﺔ‬

see ‫اﺗﻔﺎق‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫أﺳﺎ‬

‫ﺣِﺘﻜﺎر‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

monopoly

‫ﺣَﺘَﻜَﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to monopolize

basic, fundamental

ْ ‫ِا‬ ‫ﺣِﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎت اﻟ َّﻨْﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟَﻨِﺒ‬ ْ ‫اَﻷ‬

foreign currency reserves

‫إﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬

transfer, conveyance

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣﺼﺎﺋ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

statistician

‫إﺟﺎزة‬

licence, permit

‫ﺧِﺘﺮاع‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﺟﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺟﻮر‬ ُ ‫ُأ‬

salary, wages

invention

َ ‫ﺧَﺘَﺮ‬ ‫ع‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to invent

‫ﺴْﻔﺮ‬ َ ‫أﺟﺮ اﻟ‬

fare (coach, etc.)

‫ﺧَﺮ‬ َ ‫إَّد‬

to save, put by

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟﺮاﺋ‬ ْ ‫إ‬

operational

(‫ِاْرَﺗﻘﻰ )اﻟﻰ‬

to be promoted (to)

1. rate

‫ِاْرَﺗَﻬَﻦ‬

to receive in pledge

‫ﻀَﻊ‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘْﺒ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to trade

‫ﺟﺮة‬ ْ ‫ُأ‬

2. fare (taxi)

‫أﺟﺮة اﻟَّﻨْﻘﻞ‬

transport charges

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟﻤﺎِﻟ‬ ْ ‫إ‬

total, gross

‫ﺳِﺘْﺜﻤﺎر‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺣَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to charge (money) for

‫ﺳَﺘْﺜَﻤَﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

investment

to invest

136

َّ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ ‫ﻖ‬

ECONOMICS AND COMMERCE to deserve

(‫ﻄَﻠﺢَ )ﻋﻠﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

1. to agree on 2. to adopt

ْ ‫ِا‬ ‫ﺳَﺘَﺮَّد‬

to reclaim

‫ﺳِﺘْﺮداد‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

refund

‫ض‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘَﻌَﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to examine, inspect

‫ﺳِﺘﻐﺎﺛﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

appeal for aid

ْ ‫ِا‬ ‫ﺳَﺘَﻐَّﻞ‬

to exploit

‫ﺳَﺘﻔﺎد ﻣﻦ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

َ ‫أﺿﺎ‬ ‫ع‬

to benefit from

‫ﺳﻌﺎر‬ ْ ‫ﺳِﺘْﻘﺮار اَﻷ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

price stability

‫ﺿﺮاب‬ ْ ‫إ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘَﻠ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to borrow

‫ب‬ َ ‫ﺿَﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to strike

‫ﺳَﺘَﻠَﻢ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to receive

‫ﻄَﻠَﻊ ب‬ َ ‫ﺿ‬ ْ ‫إ‬

to be skilled in

‫ﻃَﻠﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺳِﺘﻤﺎرة‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

application form

‫ﺳِﺘﻬﻼك‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

consumption

‫ِاﻃﺎر‬ ُ ‫ُأ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﻃﺮ‬

‫ﺳَﺘْﻬَﻠَﻚ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to consume

َ ‫إﻋﺎدة‬ ‫ﺟْﺪَول اﻟُّﺪُﻳﻮن‬

debt restructuring

‫ع‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘْﻮَد‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to store

‫إﻋﺎدة اﻹْﻋﻤﺎر‬

reconstruction

‫ﺳَﺘْﻮَرَد‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to import

‫إﻋﺎﻧﺔ‬

subsidy

َّ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺲ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬

to set up, establish

‫ِاْﻋِﺘﻤﺎد‬

credit

‫ﺳَﻨﺪَ إﻟﻰ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to entrust to

‫إْﻋﻼن‬

advertisement

ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺼْﺮف‬ َّ ‫ﺳﻮاق اﻟ‬

exchange markets

‫ﺳﻮاق اﻟُﻌْﻤﻠﺔ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺟَﻨِﺒّﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫اﻷ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻄﻨﺎِﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

artificial

‫ﻄَﻨَﻊ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to manufacture

‫ﺻﻞ‬ ْ ‫َأ‬ ُ ‫ُأ‬ pl. ‫ﺻﻮل‬

asset

see ‫ﺑﺪد‬ strike

framework

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫أْﻋَﻠَﻦ‬

to advertise

foreign currency markets

‫إﻏﺎﺛﺔ‬

aid

‫ﺷِﺘﺮاء‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

purchase

‫ﺶ‬ ‫ِاْﻏَﺘ ﱠ‬

to be cheated, duped

‫ﺷِﺘﺮاك‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

subscription

‫أْﻏَﻨﻰ‬

to enrich (s.o.)

‫ﺷَﺘَﺮَك‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to subscribe

‫ﺴِﻠﻴﻢ‬ ْ ‫إﻓﺎدة اﻟَّﺘ‬

acknowledgement of receipt

‫ﺷَﺘَﺮى‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to buy

‫ِاْﻓَﺘَﻘَﺮ‬

to become poor

‫ﺷَﺘَﻐَﻞ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to work

َ ‫أْﻓ‬ ‫ﻀِﻠ َّﻴﺔ‬

precedence, priority

‫ﺷَﺮفَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to supervise

‫إْﻓﻼس‬

bankruptcy, insolvency

‫ﺷﻬﺎر‬ ْ ‫إ‬

advertising, publicity

‫أْﻓَﻠَﺢ‬

to thrive

ECONOMICS AND COMMERCE

137

‫ﺲ‬ َ ‫أْﻓَﻠ‬

to be(come) bankrupt

‫إﻳﺼﺎل‬

receipt, voucher

‫أﻗﺎَل‬

to dismiss

َ ‫( ﺑﺎ‬i) ‫ع‬

to sell

‫ِاْﻗِﺘﺮاح‬

proposal

‫ﺑﺎع ﺑﺎﻟَﻤﺰاد‬

to sell at auction

‫ِاْﻗِﺘﺼﺎد‬

economy

‫ﺠﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻗِﺘﺼﺎد اﻟ‬

economy of scale

‫ﺠِّﻮل‬ َ ‫ﺑﺎﺋﻊ ُﻣَﺘ‬

travelling salesman

1. economist

‫ﺴﻴﻂ‬ ِ ‫ِﺑﺎﻟَﺘْﻘ‬

in instalments

‫ﺠْﻤﻠﺔ‬ ُ ‫ِﺑﺎﻟ‬

wholesale

‫ِﺑﺎﻟَﺪْﻳﻦ‬

on credit

‫َﺑ َّﺪَد‬

to squander

‫ِﺑﻀﺎﻋﺔ‬

merchandise

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ِاْﻗِﺘﺼﺎِد‬

2. economic

‫ﺑﺎﺋﻊ‬ pl. ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺔ‬

seller, salesman

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻛَﺘ‬

to acquire

‫إْﻟِﺘﻤﺎس‬

job application

‫إْﻟﻐﺎء اﻟ ُّﺪُﻳﻮن‬

debt cancellation

‫أﻣﺎﻧﺔ‬

deposit

pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫َﺑﻀﺎﺋ‬

concession, licence

‫ِﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ِاْﺋِﺘﻤﺎن‬

credit card

‫ِاْﻣِﺘﻴﺎز‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﻄﺎِﻋﻲ‬ َ ‫ِﺑﺎﻟَﻘ‬

retail

‫أ َّﻣَﻢ‬

to nationalize

‫ِﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺋﺔ‬

per cent

‫أَّﻣَﻦ‬

to insure

َّ ‫َﺑَﺪل اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴَﻔﺮ‬

travelling expense

ُّ ‫أِﻣﻴﻦ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺼْﻨُﺪوق‬

treasurer

‫َﺑﻄﺎﻟﺔ‬

unemployment

‫إْﻧﺘﺎج‬

production

َّ ‫إْﻧﺘﺎج ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴْﻴﺮ‬

assembly line production

‫َﺑْﻨَﺪر‬ ِ ‫َﺑﻨﺎ‬ pl. ‫در‬

‫أْﻧَﺘَﺞ‬

to produce, result in

‫َﺑْﻨﻚ‬ pl. ‫ُﺑُﻨﻮك‬

‫ِاْﻧَﺪﻣﺎج‬

merger, amalgamation

‫ﺤِﺘّﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫ُﺑْﻨﻴﺔ َﺗ‬

infrastructure

‫ِاْﻧَﺪَﻣَﺞ‬

to amalgamate, merge

‫ُﺑﻮْرﺻﺔ‬

Stock Exchange, Bourse

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫إْﻧﺴﺎِﻧ‬

humanitarian

َّ ‫ُﺑﻮِﻟﻴﺴﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺤﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺸ‬

bill of lading

‫إْﻧﺸﺎء‬

foundation, establishment

‫َﺑْﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﺎل‬

Treasury

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫أْﻧَﻔ‬

to spend

‫ِاْﻧِﻬﻴﺎر‬

‫َﺑﻴﻊ‬ pl. ‫ُﺑُﻴﻮﻋﺎت‬, ‫ُﺑُﻴﻮع‬

crash

‫أْﻫﺪى‬

to give as a present

‫ﺟﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺠﺎر‬ ّ ‫ُﺗ‬

commercial centre

bank

sale

trader, merchant

138

ECONOMICS AND COMMERCE

ِ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺮ اﻟُﻤَﻔ َّﺮق‬

retailer

‫ﺧﻴﺺ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﺮ‬

‫ﺤﻘﺎق‬ ْ ‫ﺳﺘ‬ ْ ‫ﺗﺎِرﻳﺦ اِﻻ‬

due date (e.g. repayment)

ُ ‫ﺧﻴ‬ ِ ‫َﺗﺮا‬ pl. ‫ﺺ‬

‫َﺗْﺄِﻣﻴﻢ‬

nationalization

‫َﺗْﺮِﻗﻴﺔ‬

promotion (position)

‫َﺗﺄِﻣﻴﻦ‬

insurance

‫َﺗْﺮِوﻳﺞ‬

promotion (marketing)

‫ﺤِﺮﻳﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺿﺪَ اﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ‬

fire insurance

‫ﺴِﺪﻳﺪ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

settlement of a debt

‫ﺤﻮاِدث‬ َ ‫ﺿﺪّ اﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ‬

accident insurance

‫ﺴِﻠﻴﻒ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

credit

‫ﺤﻴﺎة‬ َ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟ‬

life assurance

‫ﺴِﻠﻴﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

delivery

‫َﺗﺒﺎَدَل‬

to barter

َ ‫َﺗ‬ َ‫ﺴ َّﻮغ‬

to take a lease on s.thing

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﺗﺒﺎُدل ِﺗﺠﺎِر‬

trade exchange

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺴ ُّﻮق‬

shopping

‫ع‬ َ ‫َﺗَﺒ َّﺮ‬

to donate

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺴ َّﻮَل‬

to beg

‫َﺗَﺒُّﺮع‬

donation

‫ﺴِﻮﻳﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

settlement

َّ ‫َﺗَﺒ‬ ‫ﻀَﻊ‬

to shop

‫ﺴِﻮﻳﻎ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

leasing

‫ِﺗﺠﺎرة‬

trade, commerce

‫ﺴِﻮﻳﻖ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

marketing (of merchandise)

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ِﺗﺠﺎِر‬

commercial

‫َﺗﺸﺎَﻏَﻞ‬

to pretend to be busy

‫ﺠِﻤﻴﺪ اﻷْﻣﻮال‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

freezing of assets

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ش‬ َ ‫ﺤَّﺮ‬

see ‫ﺿﺎﻳﻖ‬

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺴَﻦ‬ َّ ‫ﺤ‬

to improve (intrans.)

َ ‫َﺗ‬ َ‫ﺤ َّﻮل‬

to change (intrans.)

‫ﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎت‬ ِ ‫ﺼِﻔﻴﺔ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

‫ﺤِﻮﻳﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

transfer, remittance (money)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺼِﻤﻴﻢ آِﻟ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

‫ﺨِﺰﻳﻦ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

storage

‫َﺗﻀﺎَءَل‬

to dwindle

‫ﺨَﻔﻴﺾ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

reduction

(‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺨﻢ )ﻣﺎِﻟ‬ ‫ﻀ ﱡ‬ َ ‫َﺗ‬

inflation

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﻄ َّﻮَر‬

to develop (intrans.)

pl. ‫ات‬-

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﺼِﺮﻳﺢ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬ ُ ‫َﺗﺼﺎِرﻳ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺢ‬ ‫ﺼِﻔﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

authorization, concession

official permit

1. liquidation 2. clearance (sale) settlement of accounts computer-aided design (CAD)

‫ﺨِﻔﻴﺾ اﻟِﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

devaluation

‫َﺗﺪاُول‬

circulation (money)

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﻄ ُّﻮر‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ب‬ َ ‫َﺗَﺬْﺑَﺬ‬

to fluctuate

‫َﺗﻌﺎَﻣﻞَ ﻣﻊ‬

to do business with

‫َﺗﺮاَوحَ َﺑْﻴﻦ‬

to range between

‫َﺗْﻌِﺮﻳﻔﺔ‬

tariff

development

ECONOMICS AND COMMERCE

139

‫ﺶ‬ َ ‫َﺗﻌ َّﻴ‬

to earn a living

‫ﺳﻊ‬ ‫َﺗَﻮ ﱡ‬

expansion

‫َﺗْﻌِﻠﻴﻤﺎت اﻟَﺪْﻓﻊ‬

payment instructions

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﻇ‬ َّ ‫َﺗَﻮ‬

to be employed

‫ ل‬،‫َﺗَﻌَّﻬﺪَ ب‬

to commit oneself

‫ﻇﻴﻒ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻮ‬

employment, appointment

‫َﺗْﻌِﻮﻳﺾ‬

damages, compensation

‫َﺗَﻮ َّﻟﻰ‬

to undertake

‫َﺛْﺮوة‬

wealth

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫َﺗَﻐ َّﻴَﺮ‬

see َ‫ﺗﺤﻮل‬

‫َﺗْﻔِﺘﻴﺶ‬

inspection

ُ ‫َﺗﻔﺎِﺗﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﺶ‬ ‫َﺗْﻔِﻮﻳﺾ‬

proxy, power of attorney

‫ﻄَﻠﻖ‬ ْ ‫َﺗْﻔِﻮﻳﺾ ُﻣ‬

general power of attorney

‫ﺿﻰ‬ َ ‫َﺗﻘﺎ‬

to claim, demand payment

‫َﺗﻘﺎُﻋﺪ‬

pension

‫َﺗْﻘِﺪﻳﺮ‬

estimate, valuation

‫َﺗْﻘِﻠﻴﺪ‬

imitation

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﺗﻜﺎُﻣﻞ ِاْﻗِﺘﺼﺎِد‬

economic integration

‫َﺗَﻜ َّﻠﻒَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to spend (money) on

‫َﺗْﻜِﻠﻴﻒ‬

cost, expense

ُ ‫َﺗﻜﺎِﻟﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﻒ‬

‫َﺛَﻤﻦ‬ pl. ‫أْﺛﻤﺎن‬

price

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟﺒﺎﺋ‬ ِ

fiscal

َ ‫ﺟ َّﺪَد‬

to modernize

‫ﺟْﺮد‬ َ

stocktaking, inventory

َ ‫ﺟ َّﻤَﺪ‬

to freeze (e.g. assets)

َ ‫ﺟْﻤِﻌ َّﻴﺔ‬

society, association

‫ﺟﻤﻌَّﻴﺔ َﺗﻌﺎُوِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬

cooperative society

َ ‫ﺟﻤﻌ َّﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺧْﻴِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

charitable organization

‫ﺟَﻨْﻴﻪ‬ ُ pl. ‫ات‬-

pound (Egyptian currency)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳِﺘْﺮِﻟﻴِﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺟَﻨْﻴﻪ ِا‬ ُ

pound sterling

‫ﺴﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺟﻬﺎز اﻟَﻜ‬ ِ

cash cow

‫ﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺣﺎ‬

to charge for (s.thing)

‫ﺴﻚ‬ ُّ ‫َﺗَﻤ‬

IOU

‫َﺗْﻤِﻮﻳﻞ‬

financing, funding

‫َﺗﻨﺎُﻓﺲ‬

competition

‫َﺗْﻨِﺰﻳﻼت‬

sales (shops)

‫ﺠَﺰ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ (u, i)

to seize, confiscate

َّ ‫َﺗَﻬ ُّﺮب ﻣﻦ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻀﺮاﺋﺐ‬

tax evasion

‫ﺠﺰ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

seizure, confiscation

‫َﺗْﻬِﺮﻳﺐ اﻟُﻌْﻤﻠﺔ‬

currency smuggling

volume of trade

‫َﺗَﻮ ُّﺗﺮ‬

‫ﺠﻢ اﻟِّﺘﺠﺎرة‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

stress

‫ﺣْﺮب ِﺗﺠﺎِرّﻳﺔ‬ َ

trade war

‫َﺗْﻮِزﻳﻊ‬

distribution

‫ﺳﻂ‬ ‫َﺗَﻮ ﱡ‬

mediation

‫ﺣْﺮﻓﺔ‬ ِ َ‫ﺣ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺮف‬

َّ ‫َﺗَﻮ‬ ‫ﺳَﻊ‬

to expand (intrans.)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣْﺮِﻓ‬ ِ

‫ﺻﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺎ‬ ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﻮا‬ َ , ‫ات‬pl. ‫ﻞ‬

product

profession, craft

craftsman

140

ECONOMICS AND COMMERCE

‫ﺣَﺮﻛﺔ اﻟَﺒْﻴﻊ‬ َ

turnover

‫ﺣْﺮﻣﺎن‬ ِ

deprivation, dispossession

‫ﺧْﺪﻣﺔ‬ ِ َ‫ﺧ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺪﻣﺎت‬

service

‫ﺧْﺮج‬ َ

outlay, expenditure

َّ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺧْﺰﻧﺔ ُﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺼﻨﺔ‬

safe (n.)

‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ِ pl. ‫ات‬-

2. bill, invoice

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب ﺟﺎِر‬

current account

‫ﺣﺴﺎب َﺗْﻮِﻓﻴﺮ‬

savings account

َ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب ُﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﺠَّﻤﺪ‬

frozen account

َ ‫ﺴَﻦ‬ َّ ‫ﺣ‬

to improve (trans.)

‫ﺣﺼﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟ َّﺮْﺑﺢ‬

dividend

َ ‫ﺼَﻞ‬ َّ ‫ﺣ‬

1. to collect (payment)

ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺼﻮم‬

2. to levy (taxes)

‫ﺼﻮم‬ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ

liabilities

‫ﺧﻂّ اﻟَﻔْﻘﺮ‬ َ

poverty line

‫ﺼﻴﻠﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺣﺼﺎﺋ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

1. account (e.g. bank)

yield, income

‫ﺧﺴﺎرة‬ َ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺴﺮان‬

loss

‫ﺴَﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ (a)

to incur losses

َّ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺺ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬

to privatize

‫ﺨﺼﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

privatization

‫ﺼﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

discount

‫ﻈﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

embargo, ban

َ ‫ﺾ‬ َ َ‫ﺧّﻔ‬

to lower (e.g. prices, taxes)

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﻈﺮ ِاْﻗِﺘﺼﺎِد‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

economic boycott

‫ﺧﻼﻓﺎت‬ ِ

differences

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﻈﺮ ِﺗﺠﺎِر‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

trade embargo

‫ﺧْﻴﻤﺔ اﻟَﺒﻴﻊ‬ َ

market stall

ِ pl. - ‫ﺧَﻴﻢ‬

1. to realise, achieve

‫داﺋﻦ‬

َ ‫ﻖ‬ َ َ‫ﺣّﻘ‬

2. to verify

َ ‫ﺴِﻮﻳﻖ‬ ْ ‫ﺣْﻤﻠﺔ اﻟَّﺘ‬

marketing campaign

‫ﺣّﻮاﻟﺔ‬ َ

1. bill of exchange 2. promissory note

‫ﺳَﻔﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺣّﻮاﻟﺔ‬ َ َ ‫ﺣَّﻮَل‬

traveller’s cheque 1. to transform, change (trans.) 2. to change (money) 3. to transfer, remit (money)

‫ﺧْﺒﺮة‬ ِ

experience

‫ﺧِﺒﻴﺮ‬ َِ

expert

ُ pl. ‫ﺧَﺒﺮاُء‬ ‫ﺧَﺪَم‬ َ (i, u)

َّ ‫َد‬ ‫ﺟﺎل‬ ِ ‫َدﺟﺎ‬ pl. ‫ون‬-, ‫ﺟﻠﺔ‬

swindler, cheat

‫ﺟَﻞ‬ َ ‫( َد‬u)

to deceive, dupe, cheat

َ َ‫ﺧﻞ‬ َ ‫َد‬ ‫ﺣِّﻴﺰ اﻟَّﺘْﻨِﻔﻴﺬ‬

to come into effect

‫ﺟﻞ‬ ْ ‫َد‬

deceit, trickery

‫ﺧﻞ‬ ْ ‫َد‬

income, revenue

‫ِدْرَﻫﻢ‬

dirham (currency)

ُ ‫َدراِﻫ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ‫َدْﻓَﺘﺮ‬ َ pl. ‫دﻓﺎِﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣﺴﺎِﺑ‬ ِ ‫دﻓﺘﺮ‬

to serve

creditor

ledger, register

1. account book 2. bankbook

ECONOMICS AND COMMERCE

141

‫ﺸﻴﻜﺎت‬ ِّ ‫دﻓﺘﺮ اﻟ‬

cheque book

‫راﺋﺞ‬

in demand (product)

ُّ ‫دﻓﺘﺮ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺼْﻨُﺪوق‬

cashbook

‫ِرﺑﺎء‬

usurious interest

‫دﻓﺘﺮ اﻟَﻴْﻮِﻣ َّﻴﺔ‬

journal

‫( َدَﻓَﻊ‬a)

to pay

‫ِرْﺑﺢ‬ pl. ‫رﺑﺎح‬ ْ‫أ‬

‫َدْﻓﻊ‬

payment

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟﻤﺎِﻟ‬ ْ ‫ِرْﺑﺢ إ‬

gross profit

shop, store

‫ف‬ ٍ ‫ِرْﺑﺢ ﺻﺎ‬

net profit

‫( َرِﺑﺢَ ﻣﻦ‬a)

to profit from

‫ى‬ ّ ‫ِرَﺑِﻮ‬

usurious

‫ُد َّﻛﺎن‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫َدﻛﺎِﻛﻴ‬ ‫ﺨِّﻠﻔﺔ‬ َ ‫ُدَول ُﻣَﺘ‬

underdeveloped (lit. ‘backward’) countries

profit

countries

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟﻞ آِﻟ‬ ُ ‫َر‬ ِ pl. ‫رﺟﺎل آِﻟ ُّﻴﻮن‬

‫ُدِول ﻧﺎِﻣ َّﻴﺔ‬

developing countries

‫ﺟﻞ اﻷْﻋﻤﺎل‬ ُ ‫َر‬

businessman

‫َدْوﻟﺔ اﻟَّﺮﻓﺎه‬

welfare state

‫َرﺧﺎء‬

prosperity

‫ُدَول ُﻣَﺘَﻘِّﺪﻣﺔ‬

‫دوﻻر‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫َدْﻳﻦ‬ pl. ‫دُﻳﻮن‬ ُ

developed

dollar

debt

‫ﻖ‬ ّ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺴَﺘ‬ ْ ‫َدْﻳﻦ ُﻣ‬

outstanding debt

َّ ‫َدْﻳﻦ ُﻣَﻮ‬ ‫ﺣﺪ‬

consolidated debt

‫ِدﻳﻨﺎر‬

dinar

pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َدﻧﺎِﻧﻴ‬

‫راِﺑﺢ‬ ‫َرأس ﻣﺎل‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻮال‬ ْ ‫ُرُؤوس أ‬ ‫رأﺳﻤﺎل‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫َرﺳﺎِﻣﻴ‬

lucrative capital

see ‫رأس ﻣﺎل‬

‫ﺧﻴﺺ‬ ِ ‫َر‬ pl. ‫رﺧﺎص‬ ُ ‫َرّد‬

robot

cheap

reimbursement

ُ ‫ُر‬ pl. ‫دود‬ ‫ﺳﻢ‬ ْ ‫َر‬ pl. ‫ﺳﻮم‬ ُ ‫ُر‬

1. customs duty (tax) 2. charge 3. regulation

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺧﻮِﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﻢ ُد‬ ْ ‫َر‬

import duty

‫ﺼﺎِدر‬ َّ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟ‬

export duty

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳﻢ ِﻗﻴِﻤ‬ ْ ‫َر‬

ad valorem duty

‫ﺳﻮم اﻟَﺒَﻠِﺪّﻳﺔ‬ ُ ‫ُر‬

municipal tax

‫ﺻَﺪ‬ َ ‫( َر‬i)

to monitor

َّ ‫َر‬ ‫ﺻَﺪ‬

to allocate (funds)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫رأس ﻣﺎِﻟ‬

capitalist

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫راَﻗ‬

to supervise

‫ﺻﻴﺪ‬ ِ ‫َر‬ ِ ‫أْر‬ pl. ‫ﺻﺪة‬

‫راِﻫﻦ‬

mortgager

(‫َرَﻋﻰ )َﻳْﺮَﻋﻰ‬

to sponsor

‫راَوحَ َﺑْﻴَﻦ‬

to fluctuate between

‫( َرَﻓَﻊ‬a)

to raise (e.g. prices, taxes)

1. balance 2. stock

142

ECONOMICS AND COMMERCE

‫َرﻓﺎﻫﺔ‬

luxury

‫ﺳﺎَﻫﻢَ ﻓﻲ‬

to contribute to

‫ﻲ‬ َ ‫( َرِﻗ‬a)

to rise to (rank)

‫ﺳﺎَوَم‬

to haggle

‫َرّﻗﻰ‬

to promote

َ ‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺳَّﺒ‬

to cause

supervisor

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ (a)

to withdraw (e.g. money)

َ ‫ﺳَّﺪدَ َدْﻳﻨًﺎ‬

to settle a debt

‫َرِﻗﻴﺐ‬ ُ pl. ‫رَﻗﺒﺎُء‬ ‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫َرَّﻛ‬

to assemble

‫( َرَﻛَﺪ‬u)

to stagnate

‫ﺳْﻌﺮ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺳﻌﺎر‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ُرُﻛﻮد‬

1. sluggishness, stagnation

‫ﺳْﻌﺮ اﻟَﺒْﻴﻊ‬ ِ

retail price

2. recession

exchange rate

‫َرْﻣِﺰّﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺤِﻮﻳﻞ‬ ْ ‫ﺳﻌﺮ اﻟَّﺘ‬

logo

ِ ‫ﺸِﻐﻴﻞ‬ ْ ‫ﺳْﻌﺮاﻟ َّﺘ‬

running cost

‫( َرَﻫَﻦ‬a)

1. to pawn

َّ ‫ﺳْﻌﺮ اﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﺼْﺮف‬

see ‫ﺳﻌﺮ اﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ‬

3. to mortgage

‫ﺳْﻌﺮ اﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪة‬

interest rate

1. mortgage

‫ﺳْﻜِﺮِﺗﻴﺮة‬ ِ

secretary

‫ﺳِﺘْﻬﻼِﻛّﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺳَﻠﻊ ِا‬ ِ

consumer goods

‫ﺳْﻠﻌﺔ‬ ِ

commodity

2. to deposit as security

‫َرْﻫﻦ‬ pl. ‫ﻫﻮن‬ ُ ‫ُر‬, ‫ُرُﻫﻮﻧﺎت‬, ‫ِرﻫﺎن‬

2. pledge, security

see ‫ﺛﻤﻦ‬

‫َرْﻫِﻨﻴﺔ‬

mortgage (deed)

‫َرواج‬

marketability

‫ج‬ َ ‫َر َّو‬

to bring on the market

‫ﺳَﻠﻒ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺳﻼف‬ ْ ‫أ‬

riyal (currency)

َ ‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺳَّﻠ‬

to lend

َ (‫ ل‬،‫ﺳَّﻠﻢَ )إﻟﻰ‬

to deliver (to s.o.)

‫ِرﻳﺎل‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫زاَﻳَﺪ‬

to outbid someone

‫ِزﺑﺎﻧﺔ‬

clientele

‫َزُﺑﻮن‬

customer, client

ُ ‫َزَﺑﺎﺋ‬, pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ‫َزُﺑﺰن داﺋﻢ‬ ‫َزِﻣﻴﻞ‬ َ ‫ُز‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻼُء‬

regular customer colleague

‫َز َّوَد‬

to distribute

‫ِزﻳﺎدة‬

increase

pl. ‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ﺳَﻠ‬ ِ advance payment

‫ﺳْﻤﺴﺎر‬ ِ broker ِ ‫ﺳﻤﺎ‬ َ , ‫ﺳُﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻤﺎ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺳﺮة‬ ‫ﺴَﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺳْﻤ‬ َ

to act as a broker

‫ﺴﺮة‬ َ ‫ﺳْﻤ‬ َ

brokerage

ِ ‫ﺳﻦّ اﻟَّﺘﻘﺎُﻋﺪ‬

pensionable age

‫ﺳَﻨﺪ‬ َ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺳﻨﺎد‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺳْﻬﻢ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻬﻢ‬ ُ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

1. document 2. bond, debenture share

ECONOMICS AND COMMERCE

143

‫ﺳﻴﺲ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻬﻢ اﻟ َّﺘْﺄ‬

founders’ share

‫ﺳِﺘْﻌﻤﺎل‬ ْ ‫ﺳﻮء ِا‬ ُ

misuse, abuse

‫ﺳﻮِﺑﺮﻣﺎرﻛﺖ‬ ُ

supermarket

‫ﺷﻐﻞ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺷﻐﺎل‬ ْ ‫أ‬

market

َ ‫ﺷ َّﻐَﻞ‬

see ‫ﻇﻒ‬ ّ ‫و‬

َ ‫ﺷ َّﻐﻞَ َرْأﺳﻤﺎًﻻ‬

to invest capital

‫ﺳﻮق‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺳﻮاق‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﺷﻌﺎر‬ ِ pl. ‫ﻌﺮ‬ ُ‫ﺷ‬ ُ , ‫ﺷِﻌﺮة‬ ْ ‫أ‬

1. slogan, motto 2. badge, emblem work, occupation, profession

ُ ‫ﺴﻮق اﻟ‬ ‫ﺤَّﺮة‬ ُّ ‫اﻟ‬

duty free (market)

‫ﺴْﻮداء‬ َ ‫اﻟﺴﻮق اﻟ‬

the black market

‫ﺸَﺘَﺮ ﻛﺔ‬ ْ ‫اﻟﺴﻮق اﻟُﻤ‬

the Common Market

‫ﺣﺐ اِﻻْﻣِﺘﻴﺎز‬ ِ ‫ﺻﺎ‬

concessionaire

َ ‫ﺳّﻴﺎرة ُﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺼَّﻔﺤﺔ‬

armoured car

‫ﺣﺐ اﻟَﻌَﻤﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﺻﺎ‬

employer

‫ﺤِّﺮك‬ َ ‫ﺳْﻴﺮ ُﻣَﺘ‬ َ

assembly line

‫ﺻﺎِدرات‬

exports

ِ ‫ﺳﻴﺮة ذاﺗ َّﻴﺔ‬

curriculum vitae

‫ف‬ ٍ ‫ﺻﺎ‬

net

‫ﺳُﻴﻮﻟﺔ‬ ُ

liquidity

‫ﺻﺎِﻓﻲ اﻟَﻤْﺒَﻠﻎ‬

net amount

‫ﺷﺎِﻏﺮ‬

vacant (pl. ‘vacancies’)

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﺷﺎَوَر‬ ‫ﺤﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺷ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺤﻮن‬ ُ ‫ﺷ‬ ُ ‫ﺷﺮاﻛﺔ‬ َ

‫ﺷﻴﻚ‬ ِ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﺻﺎِﻧﻊ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺻَّﻨﺎع‬

manufacturer

to consult

َ ‫ﺻ َّﺪَر‬

to export

freight

َ ‫ﺻَّﺮاف‬

1. banker, money changer 2. cashier

partnership

(‫ﺻَﺮفَ )ﻋﻠﻰ‬ َ (i)

1. to spend (money) (on) 2. to pay (for)

‫ﺷِﺮﻛﺔ‬ َ

company

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ اﻟَّﺘﺄِﻣﻴﻦ‬

insurance company

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ِﺗﺠﺎِر َّﻳﺔ‬

trading company

َ ‫ﺻَّﻤَﻢ‬

‫ﺻِﻐﻴﺮة و‬ َ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺎت‬

small- and medium-

‫ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬ ِ

‫ﺳﻄﺔ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﺘَﻮ‬

cheque

‫ﺻْﻔﻘﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺻَﻔﻘﺎت‬ َ

deal, bargain

to plan, design 1. industry 2. manufacturing

sized companies

ُ ‫ﺻْﻨُﺪوق اﻟ َّﺘْﻮِﻓﻴﺮ‬

savings bank

limited liability company

‫ﺻْﻨﻊ‬ َ

production, workmanship

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ اﻟُﻤﺴﺎَﻫﻤﺔ‬

joint-stock company

‫ﺻَﻨَﻊ‬ َ (a)

to make, manufacture

‫ﺷِﺮﻳﻚ‬ َ

partner

‫ﺻْﻨﻊ اﻟَﻴﺪ‬ َ

handwork

‫ﺻْﻨﻌﺔ‬ َ

craftsmanship

‫ﺤُﺪودة‬ ْ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ َﻣ‬ ْ ‫)اﻟَﻤ‬ (‫ﺴﺆوِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

pl. ‫ﺮﻛﺎُء‬ َ‫ﺷ‬ ُ

144

‫ﺻْﻨﻒ‬ ِ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺻُﻨﻮف‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺻﻨﺎف‬ ‫ﺻﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬ ِ ‫ب‬ َ ‫ﺿﺎَر‬ ‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺿﺎَﻳ‬ ‫ﺿَﺮر‬ َ pl. ‫ﺿﺮار‬ ْ ‫َأ‬ ‫ﺿِﺮﻳﺒﺔ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺿﺮاﺋ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺐ‬

ECONOMICS AND COMMERCE category

‫ﻋﺎِﻟﻖ‬

pending, remaining

‫ﻋﺎِﻣﻞ‬

1. worker

maintenance

ّ ‫ُﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﻤﺎل‬

2. manual worker, labourer

‫ﻋﺎِﻣﻞ اﻹﻏﺎﺛﺔ‬

aid worker

‫ﺟﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ُﻣﻬﺎ‬

immigrant worker

‫ﻋﺎﺋﺪة‬

return (fin.)

to speculate (e.g. Stock Exchange) to harass damage

ُ ‫ﻋﻮاﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺋﺪة‬

return (on investment), dividend

tax

‫ﺠﺰ‬ ْ ‫َﻋ‬

deficit

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺠﺰ ِﺗﺠﺎِر‬ ْ ‫َﻋ‬

trade deficit

‫ﺿِﺮﻳﺒﺔ اَﻷْرﺑﺎح‬ َ ‫اﻟَّﺮأﺳﻤﺎِﻟّﻴﺔ‬

capital gains tax

‫ﺳِﺘْﻬﻼك‬ ْ ‫ﺿِﺮﻳﺒﺔ اِﻻ‬ َ

value added tax (VAT)

َ ‫ﺿ َّﺮﻳﺒﺔ اﻟَّﺘِﺮﻛﺎت‬

inheritance tax

‫ﻃَﻠﺐ‬ َ ‫َﻋْﺮض و‬

supply and demand

َ ‫ﺧﻞ‬ ْ ‫ﺿِﺮﻳﺒﺔ اﻟ َّﺪ‬

income tax

‫( َﻋَﺰَل‬i)

to dismiss (s.o.)

َّ ‫ﺿﺮﻳﺒﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬

energy tax

‫ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬ ِّ ‫ﺼﺮ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫َﻋ‬

industrial age

‫ﺿِﺮﻳﺒﺔ اﻟِﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬ َ ‫اﻟُﻤﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬

see ‫ﺿﺮﻳﺒﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك‬

‫ﺿﻤﺎن‬ َ

1. guarantee, warranty 2. collateral, security

‫ﺿِﻤَﻦ‬ َ (a) ‫ﻃْﺮز‬ َ pl. ‫ﺮوز‬ ُ ُ‫ﻃ‬ ‫ﻃِﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬ َ ُ ‫ﻃﺮاﺋ‬ َ , ‫ﻃُﺮق‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﻃَﻠ‬ َ (u)

to guarantee

‫ُﻋْﺮُﺑﻮن‬ ُ ‫َﻋﺮاِﺑﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬

‫َﻋﻄﺎء‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﻄَﻞ‬ ِ ‫( َﻋ‬a) ‫ﻄﻠﺔ‬ ْ ‫ُﻋ‬ َ ‫ُﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﻄﻞ‬

down payment

offer, tender

to be unemployed holiday, vacation

brand

ْ ‫ُﻋﻄﻠﺔ َر‬ ‫ﺳِﻤ َّﻴﺔ‬

public holiday

‫ﻄﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻋ‬

gift

method

َ pl. ‫ﻋﻄﺎﻳﺎ‬

1. to demand 2. to order

‫( َﻋَﻘَﺪ‬i)

to hold (a meeting)

‫ﺻْﻔﻘﺔ‬ َ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬

to conclude a bargain contract, agreement

‫ﻃَﻠﺐ‬ َ pl. ‫ات‬-

1. demand

‫َﻋْﻘﺪ‬

2. order

ُ pl. ‫ﻋُﻘﻮد‬

َ ‫ﻃ َّﻮَر‬

to develop (trans.)

‫ﻋﻘﺪ اﻟَﺒﻴﻊ‬

sales contract

‫ﻃﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﺎ‬

unemployed

‫ﻋﻘﺪ إﻳﺠﺎر‬

lease

ECONOMICS AND COMMERCE

‫َﻋِﻘﻴﻢ‬ pl. ‫ﻋُﻘﻢ‬ ُ , ‫ِﻋﻘﺎم‬

ineffective, unproductive

‫ﻓﺎُﺗﻮرة‬

145 invoice

pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻓﻮاِﺗﻴ‬

‫ُﻋُﻘﻮﺑﺔ ِاْﻗِﺘﺼﺎِدّﻳﺔ‬

economic sanction

‫ض‬ َ ‫ﻓﺎَو‬

‫َﻋﻼﻗﺔ ِﺗﺠﺎِرّﻳﺔ‬

trading link

‫ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ِﺗﺠﺎِر َّﻳﺔ‬

trade mark

‫ﻓﺎﺋﺪة‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻓﻮاﺋ‬

‫( َﻋِﻤَﻞ‬a)

to work

‫ﻓﺎﺋﺾ‬ ُ ‫َﻓﻮاﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﺾ‬

trade, craft

‫َﻓَّﻌﺎل‬

effective

‫َﻓَّﻌﺎِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

effectiveness

‫َﻓْﻘﺮ‬

poverty

‫َﻋَﻤﻞ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻤﺎل‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to negotiate benefit, advantage

surplus

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻋَﻤﻞ َﻓِﺮﻳِﻘ‬

teamwork

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻋَﻤﻞ ُﻣَﺘﻄِّﻮِﻋ‬

volunteer work

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻋَﻤِﻠ‬

practical

‫َﻓِﻘﻴﺮ‬ pl. ‫ُﻓَﻘﺮاُء‬

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﻋَﻤﻞ َﻳَﺪِو‬

manual work

‫َﻓّﻜﺔ‬

change (money)

‫ُﻋْﻤﻠﺔ‬

currency

َ ‫َﻓَّﻠ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

to declare bankrupt

‫ُﻋْﻤﻠﺔ زاﺋﻔﺔ‬

counterfeit money

‫ض‬ َ ‫َﻓ َّﻮ‬

to authorize

‫ﺳْﻬﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻋْﻤﻠﺔ‬

soft currency

‫ﻗﺎِﺑﻞ ﻟﻠ َّﺘﻔﺎُوض‬

negotiable

‫ﺻْﻌﺒﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻋْﻤﻠﺔ‬

hard currency

‫ﻃَﻊ‬ َ ‫ﻗﺎ‬

to boycott

‫ُﻋُﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬

‫ﻗﺎِﻓﻠﺔ اَﻷْﻏِﺬّﻳﺔ‬

food convoy

commission

‫ُﻋُﻤﻮﻟﺔ َﺑﻨِﻜ َّﻴﺔ‬

‫َﻗ َّﺪَر‬

to estimate, value

bank charges

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﻋْﻨﻮان َﺑِﺮﻳِﺪ‬

mailing address

‫َﻋ َّﻮضَ َﻋﻦ‬

to compensate for

‫ﺴّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ُﻗْﺪرة َﺗﻨﺎُﻓ‬

competitiveness

‫َﻋِّﻴﻨﺔ‬

sample

‫َﻗ َّﺪَم‬

to present

‫َﻋْﻴِﻨﻰ‬

in kind (payment)

‫َﻗَّﺪمَ َﻋﻄﺎء‬

to make an offer

‫ﻏﺎِﻟﻲ‬

expensive

‫ُﻏْﺮﻓﺔ ِﺗﺠﺎِر َّﻳﺔ‬

Chamber of Commerce

‫َﻏِﻨﻲ‬ ْ ‫إ‬ pl. ‫ﻏِﻨﻴﺎء‬

rich

‫َﻏ َّﻴَﺮ‬

see ‫ﻮل‬ َّ ‫ﺣ‬

‫َﻏْﻴﺮ ُﻣَﺆﱠﻫﻞ‬

unqualified

‫َﻗْﺪر‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﺪار‬

‫ِﻗْﺮش‬ pl. ‫ﺮوش‬ ُ ‫ُﻗ‬ ‫َﻗْﺮض‬ pl. ‫ﺮوض‬ ُ ‫ُﻗ‬

poor

see ‫ﻣﺒﻠﻎ‬

piaster (Egyptian currency)

loan

‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ َّ ‫َﻗ‬

to pay in instalments

‫ﺴﻂ‬ ْ ‫ِﻗ‬

instalment

pl. ‫أْﻗﺴﺎط‬

146

ECONOMICS AND COMMERCE

ْ ‫ِﻗ‬ ‫ﻇﻴﻒ‬ ِ ‫ﺴﻢ اﻟ َّﺘْﻮ‬

personnel department

‫ﺸﻮر‬ ُ ‫ُﻗ‬

formalities, trivialities

‫ﺼِﻔﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻣﺄُﻣﻮر اﻟ َّﺘ‬

official receiver, liquidator

‫ﻣﺎِﻫﺮ‬

skilful

pl. ‫ﻬﺮة‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬

‫ص‬ ّ ‫ِﻗﻄﺎع ﺧﺎ‬

private sector

‫ِﻗﻄﺎع ﻋﺎّم‬

public sector

‫َﻗ َّﻠَﺪ‬

to imitate

ُّ ‫ُﻗّﻮات اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴﻮق‬

market forces

‫ﺸﺮاء‬ ِّ ‫ُﻗّﻮة اﻟ‬

purchasing power

‫اﻟُﻘَﻮى اﻟﻌﺎِﻣﻠﺔ‬

see ‫اﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬

‫ِﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬

value

‫َﻣْﺒَﻠﻎ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺒﺎِﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﻎ‬

‫َﻛ َّﺒَﺪ‬

to cause (losses, damage)

‫ُﻣَﺘﺪاَول‬

in circulation, common

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫َﻛَّﺜ‬

to consolidate (e.g. loans)

‫ُﻣْﺘَﺮَّﻛﻢ‬

accumulated

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫( َﻛ‬i)

1. to gain, earn

‫ﺴِّﻮل‬ َ ‫ُﻣَﺘ‬

beggar

َ ‫ُﻣَﺘ‬ ‫ﺸ َّﺮد‬

homeless person

‫ُﻣَﺘَﻌَﺪ‬

contractor

‫ُﻣَﺘﻘَﺎِﻋﺪ‬

pensioned, retired

‫ُﻣْﺜِﻤﺮ‬

productive

2. to acquire

‫ﺴﺐ‬ ْ ‫َﻛ‬

earnings

‫ﺴﻞ‬ َ ‫َﻛ‬

idleness

‫ﺸﻚ‬ ْ ‫ُﻛ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﺸﺎك‬ ‫َﻛِﻔﻴﻞ‬ pl. ‫ﻛَﻔﻼُء‬ ُ ‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫َﻛ َّﻠ‬ ‫ُﻛْﻠﻔﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻛَﻠﻒ‬ ُ ‫ُﻟْﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫َﻟْﻴﺮة‬

stall, stand

sponsor

‫ﻣﺎل‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻮال‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫ﺣِﺘﻴﺎ‬ ْ ‫ﻣﺎل ِا‬

initiative

‫ُﻣْﺒَﺘَﻜﺮ‬

new, original

‫ﻀﻊ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣْﺒ‬

limited partner

‫ُﻣَﺒْﻌَﺜﺮ‬

scattered, widespread

‫ُﻣَﺒْﻌِﺰق‬

squanderer

‫َﻣﺠﺎل‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

amount

field, domain

to cost

‫ﺠﺎﻧًﺎ‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬

free (of charge)

cost

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺠ َّﺮب‬

experienced, practised

‫ﺠِﻠﺲ اﻹدارة‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

board of directors

bargain, lucky find

‫ﺠُﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

conglomerate

pound (currency of Syria,

‫ﺳﺐ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣﺤﺎ‬

accountant

‫ﺳﺒﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻣﺤﺎ‬

accounting

‫ُﻣﺤﺎﻛﺎة‬

imitation

‫ُﻣﺤﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟَّﺘﻘﺎُﻋﺪ‬

pensioner

‫ﺤَﺘِﺮف‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

professional (adj.)

Lebanon)

َّ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﻣﺎرﻛﺔ ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺠﻠﺔ‬

‫ُﻣﺒﺎَدرة‬

registered trade mark assets, wealth

reserve fund

ECONOMICS AND COMMERCE

147

‫ﺤﻞّ ُرُﻫﻮﻧﺎت‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬

pawn shop

‫ُﻣﺴﺎَوﻣﺔ‬

haggling

‫ﻃﺮ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣﺨﺎ‬

risk taker

‫ﺴَﺘْﺜِﻤﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

investor

‫ﺨَﺘَﺒﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

laboratory

‫ﺠّﺪات‬ ِ ‫ﺴَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

innovations

‫ُﻣِﺪﻳﺮ‬

director, manager

‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﻋﺎّم‬

general manager

‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ُﻣﺴﺎِﻋﺪ‬

deputy director/manager

‫َﻣِﺪﻳﻦ‬

debtor

‫َﻣْﺪُﻳﻮن‬

indebted

‫َﻣْﺪُﻳﻮِﻧّﻴﺔ‬

indebtedness

‫ب‬ ِ ‫ُﻣﺮا‬

usurer

‫ﺳﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻣﺮا‬

‫ﺤَﺪث‬ ْ ‫ﺴَﺘ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

novelty, innovation

‫ﺴَﺘِﻌﻴﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

borrower

‫ﺴَﺘِﻔﻴﺪ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

beneficiary

‫ﺴَﺘِﻠﻢ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

recipient

‫ﺴَﺘْﻬِﻠﻚ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

consumer

‫ﺴَﺘْﻮَدع‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

warehouse

correspondence

/‫ﺴَﺘَﻮى اﻟَﻌْﻴﺶ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫اﻟَﻤِﻌﻴﺸﺔ‬

living standard

‫ُﻣﺮاِﻗﺐ‬

supervisor, foreman

َّ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺠﻠﺔ اﻟ ُّﻨُﻘﻮد‬

till, cashbox

‫ُﻣﺮاَﻗﺒﺔ‬

supervision

‫ﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎت‬ ِ ‫ﺴﻚ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

accountancy

‫ُﻣْﺮِﺑﺢ‬

profitable

‫ﺴﻚ اﻟَﺪﻓﺎِﺗﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

book-keeping

‫ُﻣْﺮَﺗِﻬﻦ‬

1. mortgagee

ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﺴﺆِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

responsibility

‫ﺴﻲء إَﻟﻰ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣ‬

harmful to

‫ﺸَﺘٍﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

purchaser

‫ﺸَﺘّﻘﺎت‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

derivatives

2. pawnbroker

‫َﻣْﺮَﻛﺰ‬

centre

ُ ‫َﻣﺮِﻛ‬ pl. ‫ﺰ‬ ‫َﻣْﺮَﻛﺰ اِﻹدارة‬

head office

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﻣْﺮَﻛﺰ ِﺗﺠﺎِر‬

emporium

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﻣْﺮَﻛِﺰ‬

central

‫َﻣﺰاد‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫َﻣﺴﺎءة‬ pl. ‫وىُء‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺴﺎ‬

auction

shortcoming

‫ُﻣﺴﺎَﻋﺪات َﻏﺬاِﺋّﻴﺔ‬

food aid

‫ُﻣﺴﺎِﻫﻢ‬

shareholder

‫ُﻣﺴﺎَﻫﻤﺔ‬

corporation

‫ﺸُﺮوع‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺸﺎِرﻳ‬ ‫ﺸُﻐﻮل‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﺸﻮار‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺸﺎِوﻳ‬ ‫ﺸَﻮرة‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﺼُﺮوف‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺼﺎِرﻳ‬ pl. ‫ﻒ‬ ‫ﺼَﻨﻊ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺼﺎِﻧ‬

project

busy errand

consultation expenditure

factory

148

ECONOMICS AND COMMERCE manufactured product

‫ُﻣَﻘ َّﺪم‬

advance, deposit

‫َﻣْﻜَﺘﺐ‬

office

‫ُﻣﻀﺎِرب‬

speculator

ُ ‫َﻣﻜﺎِﺗ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬

‫ُﻣﻀﺎَرﺑﺔ‬

speculation

‫ﺸﻮف‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻜ‬

uncovered

‫ُﻣﻌﺎَدﻟﺔ‬

adjustment

‫ُﻣْﻠَﺘِﻤﺲ‬

applicant

‫( َﻣَﻠَﻚ‬i)

to own

‫ُﻣﻠِﻜّﻴﺔ ِﻓْﻜِﺮّﻳﺔ‬

intellectual property

‫ُﻣَﻤِّﻮل‬

financier

‫ُﻣﻨﺎِﻓﺲ‬

competitor

‫ُﻣﻨﺎَﻓﺴﺔ‬

see ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻓﺲ‬

‫ُﻣﻨﺎَﻗﺼﺔ‬

public invitation for tender

‫ﺴْﻜَﻨﻰ‬ ُّ ‫ِﻣْﻨﺤﺔ اﻟ‬

housing benefit

‫ﺸﺄة‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻨ‬

installation, plant

‫ﺼُﻨﻮع‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫َﻣﻌﺎش‬

1. livelihood

pl. ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺷﺔ‬

2. pension (payment)

‫َﻣﻌﺎش ُﻣَﺒِّﻜﺮ‬

early retirement

‫ُﻣﻌﺎِﻣﻞ‬

trader (Stock Exchange)

‫ُﻣﻌﺎَﻣﻠﺔ‬

transaction

‫ُﻣﻌﺎِون‬

assistant

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﻣْﻌِﺮض ِﺗﺠﺎِر‬

trade fair

ِ ‫َﻣﻌﺎِرضُ ِﺗﺠﺎ‬ pl. ‫رّﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺚ‬ ْ ‫َﻣْﻌَﻤﻞ اﻟَﺒ‬

research institute

‫َﻣُﻌﻮﻧﺔ‬

see ‫إﻏﺎﺛﺔ‬

‫ُﻣِﻌﻴﺮ‬

lender

‫ُﻣﻔﺎِﻋﻞ‬

reactor

‫ُﻣْﻔَﺘَﻌﻞ‬

forged, fabricated

‫ُﻣَﻔ َّﺮق‬

retail (adj.)

‫ُﻣْﻔِﻠﺲ‬ pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻔﺎِﻟﻴ‬

bankrupt, insolvent

‫ُﻣﻔﺎِوض‬

negotiator

‫ُﻣﻔﺎَوﺿﺔ‬

1. negotiation 2. partnership (Islamic law)

‫ُﻣَﻔَّﻮض‬ ‫ُﻣِﻔﻴﺪ‬

‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫ُﻣْﻘَﺘﻀ‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻘَﺘ‬ pl. ‫ﻀﻴﺎت‬

see ‫وﻇﻴﻔﺔ‬

ِ ‫ﻄﻘﺔ‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻨ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎِﻋ َّﻴﺔ‬

industrial zone

‫ﻄﻘﺔ َﻣْﻨُﻜﻮﺑﺔ‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻨ‬

disaster area

‫ﺧْﻴِﺮّﻳﺔ‬ َ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬ ‫َﻣﻬﺎرة‬ ‫( َﻣَﻬَﺮ‬u, a) ‫َﻣَﻬَّﻤﺔ‬ pl. ‫م‬ ّ ‫َﻣﻬﺎ‬

charitable organization, charity skilfulness, expertise to be skilful, proficient, experienced duty

authorized agent

‫ِﻣْﻬﻨﺔ‬

profession

useful, beneficial,

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِﻣْﻬِﻨ‬

vocational

‫َﻣﻮادّ ِﺗﺠﺎِر َّﻳﺔ‬

commercial articles

ْ ‫َﻣﻮادّ ِا‬ ‫ﺳِﺘْﻬﻼِﻛ َّﻴﺔ‬

consumer goods

‫َﻣﻮادّ ﺧﺎم‬

raw materials

advantageous

‫ﻃﻌﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻣﻘﺎ‬

‫ﺼﺐ‬ ِ ‫َﻣْﻨ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻨﺎ‬

boycott requirement

ECONOMICS AND COMMERCE

149

‫ﺼُﻨﻮﻋﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﻣﻮادّ َﻣ‬

manufactured goods

َّ ‫َﻧ‬ ‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬

to stimulate

‫َﻣﻮاِرد اﻟَﺪْوﻟﺔ‬

government revenues

‫ﺸﻴﻂ‬ ِ ‫َﻧ‬

lively, dynamic

‫ُﻣَﻮِدع‬

depositor

َّ ‫َﻧ‬ ‫ﻈَﻢ‬

to organize

‫اﻟُﻤﻮَدع ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬

consignee

‫( َﻧِﻔَﻊ‬a)

to be useful

income, revenue

‫َﻧَﻔﻘﺎت‬

expenses

‫ِﻧﻘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟُﻌَّﻤﺎل‬

trade union

‫َﻣْﻮِرد‬ pl. ‫د‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻮاِر‬ َّ ‫ُﻣﺆ‬ ‫ﺴﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬

1. establishment 2. organization, business

‫َﻧْﻘﺪ‬ pl. ‫ُﻧُﻘﻮد‬

money

‫ﺷﺮ‬ ‫ُﻣﺆ ﱢ‬

indicator

‫َﻧْﻘﺪًا‬

in cash

َّ ‫ُﻣَﻮ‬ ‫ﻇﻒ‬

employee

‫َﻧْﻘِﺪ َّﻳﺔ‬

cash

َّ ‫ُﻣَﻮ‬ ‫ﺳِﺘْﻘﺒﺎل‬ ْ ‫ﻇﻒ اِﻻ‬

receptionist

‫ُﻧُﻤﻮ‬

growth, development

‫َﻣَّﻮَل‬

to finance

‫ِﻫﺪاﻳﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻫﺪاﻳﺎ‬ َ

‫ َﻣُﺆوﻧﺔ‬،‫ُﻣْﺆﻧﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺆن‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

provisions, supplies

see ‫ﻋﻄﻴﺔ‬

‫َﻫَﻮاء‬

amateur

‫ُﻣَﺆﱠﻫﻞ‬

qualified

‫َﻫﻮاﻳﺔ‬

amateurism

‫ُﻣﺆﱢﻫﻞ‬

qualification (training)

‫َﻫْﻴَﻜﻞ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﻫﻴﺎِﻛ‬

‫َﻣْﻴﺪان‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻴﺎِدﻳ‬

see ‫ﻣﺠﺎل‬

structure

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻫْﻴَﻜِﻠ‬

structural

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ِﻣﻴﺰان ِﺗﺠﺎِر‬

trade balance

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻫْﻴَﻜﻞ َﺗْﻤِﻮﻳِﻠ‬

financial institution

‫ِﻣﻴﺰاِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬

budget

‫َﻫْﻴﺌﺔ اﻟَﻤُﻌﻮﻧﺔ‬

aid organization

‫ﺺ‬ َ ‫ﻧﺎَﻗ‬

to invite bids (for projects)

‫ﺟﻬﺔ‬ ِ ‫وا‬

shop window

‫ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ُﻣِﺪﻳﺮ‬

deputy director

‫واِدع‬

depositor

‫َﻧْﺪوة‬

symposium

‫واِردات‬

imports

َ ‫واَﻟ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

to double-cross

َ ‫( َوَد‬a) ‫ع‬

to deposit

ْ ‫ِﻧ‬ ‫ﺼِﻨﻴﻊ‬ ْ ‫ﺴﺒﺔ اﻟَّﺘ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺤِّﻠ‬ َ ‫اﻟَﻤ‬

local content ratio

ْ ‫ِﻧ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﺔ ِﻣَﺌِﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

percentage

َّ ‫َﻧ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬

to coordinate

‫َﻧﺸﺎط‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺸﻄﺔ‬ ِ ‫أْﻧ‬

activity

‫َوِدﻳﻌﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫َوداﺋ‬ ‫َوْرﺷﺔ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫رش‬ َ ‫ِو‬

deposited amount

workshop

150

AGRICULTURE AND FARMING

‫ﺼِﻠﻴﺢ‬ ْ ‫ورﺷﺔ اﻟ َّﺘ‬

repair shop

‫وﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺧﺎِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

vacancy

‫َوَرﻗﺔ َﺑْﻨﻚ‬

bank note

‫َوﻓﺎء‬

loyalty

‫ع‬ َ ‫َوَّز‬

to distribute

‫َوﻛﺎﻟﺔ‬

representation, agency

‫ﺳَﻊ‬ َّ ‫َو‬

to expand (trans.)

‫ﺷﻬﺎر‬ ْ ‫َوﻛﺎﻟﺔ اﻹ‬

advertising agency

‫ﺳﻴﻂ‬ ِ ‫َو‬

middle man

‫َوَّﻛَﻞ‬

َ ‫ُو‬ pl. ‫ﺳﻄﺎُء‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻄﺔ‬ ِ ‫َو‬ ُ ‫َوﺳﺎﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﻂ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻠﺔ‬ ِ ‫َو‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫َوﺳﺎﺋ‬ ‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﻇ‬ َّ ‫َو‬ ‫ﻇﻴﻔﺔ‬ ِ ‫َو‬ pl. ‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫َوﻇﺎﺋ‬

to appoint someone as an agent

means

see ‫وﺳﻴﻄﺔ‬

to hire, employ post, position

‫َوِﻛﻴﻞ‬

representative, agent

َ ‫ُو‬ pl. ‫ﻛﻼُء‬ ‫اﻟَﻴﺪ اﻟﻌﺎِﻣﻠﺔ‬

the workforce

‫ُﻳﻮُرو‬

Euro (currency)

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﺤﺴﺎب‬ ِ ‫َﻳْﻮم اﻟ‬

settlement day

Agriculture and farming ‫إﺑﺎﻟﺔ‬

bale (e.g. hay)

‫ﺟِﺘﻨﺎء‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

harvest (yield) (esp. fruit)

‫ﺶ‬ ‫ﺣَﺘ ﱠ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to mow

‫أراض ُﺑﻮر‬

fallow land

ِ ‫أْﺗ‬ pl. ‫ﺮﺑﺔ‬

‫ﻄْﺒﻞ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫إ‬

stable

‫ﺤَﻴﻮان‬ َ ‫َﺗْﺮِﺑ َّﻴﺔ اﻟ‬

cattle farming

‫ﺤﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﺗْﺮِﺑﻴﺔ اﻟ َّﻨ‬

beekeeping

‫ُﺗْﺮﻋﺔ‬

canal

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫َﺑْﻴﻄﺎر‬ ِ ‫َﺑﻴﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻃﺮة‬

veterinarian

‫ِﺗْﺒﻦ‬

straw

‫ُﺗﺮاب‬

soil

‫ﻄَﻊ‬ َ ‫أْﻗ‬

to allot (land)

‫ﺠّﺮ‬ َ ‫آﻟﺔ اﻟ‬

tractor

َ ‫ُﺗ‬ pl. ‫ﺮع‬

‫َﺑَﺪاﻟﺔ‬

culvert

‫ﺼِﺮﻳﻒ‬ ْ ‫ُﺗْﺮﻋﺔ اﻟَﺘ‬

drainage canal

‫( َﺑَﺬَر‬u)

to sow

‫ُﺗْﺮﻋﺔ اﻹﻳﺮاد‬

irrigation canal

‫ُﺑْﺮج اﻟِﻤﻴﺎه‬

water tower

‫ﺤﺮاج‬ ِ ‫ﺟﺚّ اﻟ‬ َ

deforestation

‫َﺑ َّﻘﺎر‬

cowhand

‫ﺟَﺬَر‬ َ (u)

to uproot

AGRICULTURE AND FARMING

َ (u) ‫ﺟ َّﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺟَّﺮاﻓﺔ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫ﺟﺮاِرﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺟْﺮن‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺟﺮان‬ ْ ‫أ‬

151

to pull, tow

َّ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬

to make fertile (soil)

rake, harrow

‫ﺼﺐ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ

fertility

‫ﺼﻴﺐ‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

fertile

threshing floor

‫ﺧْﻨَﺪق‬ َ ُ ‫ﺧﻨﺎِد‬ َ pl. ‫ق‬

trench

‫ﺟﻔﺎف‬ َ

drought

‫ﺟَﻨﻰ‬ َ (i)

to pick

‫ﺣﺎِرث‬

ploughman

َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺣﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺠﺮ اﻟ َّﺮ‬

millstone

pl. ‫رﻋﺎة‬ ُ

َ ‫ﺣ َّﺪاء‬

camel driver

‫َرَّﺑﺎ‬

to breed (animals)

‫ث‬ َ ‫ﺣَﺮ‬ َ (i)

to plough, cultivate (land)

‫( َرَدَم‬i)

to fill up with earth (e.g. pond)

‫ﺣْﺮﺛﺔ‬ َ

arable land

‫( َرَﻋﻰ‬a)

to graze

‫ﺣﺼﺎد‬ ِ

harvest (time)

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ِر‬

irrigation

َّ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺼﺎدة‬

mower

َ ‫ﺼﺎدة َدَّراﺳﺔ‬ َّ ‫ﺣ‬

combine

‫ِرﻳﻒ‬ pl. ‫رﻳﺎف‬ ْ‫أ‬

‫ﺼَﺪ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ (u, i)

to harvest, reap

‫زاِرع‬

sower

harvest (yield) (esp. wheat)

‫ِزراﻋﺔ‬

agriculture, farming

‫ب‬ َ ‫َزَر‬

to corral, pen

‫ﺼﻴﺪة‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫ﺣﺼﺎﺋ‬ َ َ ‫ﻄﺎب‬ َّ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﻈﻴﺮة‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

lumberjack

‫ﺣْﻔﺮة‬ ُ ُ pl. ‫ﺣَﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﺣْﻘﻞ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺣُﻘﻮل‬ ُ

greenhouse

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َدﻟﻮ اﻟ َّﺮ‬

watering can

ٍ ‫را‬ ‫ع‬

shepherd

َ ‫( َزَر‬a) ‫ع‬

to dig pit, hollow

field

countryside

1. to plant 2. see ‫ﺑﺬر‬

enclosure, coop, pen

pl. ‫ﺮ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺣﻈﺎﺋ‬

‫ﺣَﻔَﺮ‬ َ (i)

‫َدِﻓﻴﺌﺔ‬

‫َزْرع‬ ُ ‫ُز‬ pl. ‫روع‬ ‫َزِرﻳﺒﺔ‬

plantation

cattle pen

pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫َزراﺋ‬

‫ﺳْﺒﻠﺔ‬ َ

manure, dung

َ ‫ﺳَﺮ‬ ‫ح‬ َ (i)

to graze

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺣَﻠ‬ َ (u)

to milk

َ ‫ﺣَّﻤﺎر‬

donkey driver

‫ﺳﺎِﻗﻴﺔ‬ ٍ ‫ﺳﻮا‬ َ pl. ‫ق‬

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ َ (i)

to be fertile (soil)

‫ﺳَﻘﻰ‬ َ (i)

water wheel

to water, irrigate

152

‫ﺳﻤﺎد‬ َ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻤﺪة‬ َ ‫ﺳَّﻤَﺪ‬ ‫ﺻْﻬِﺮﻳﺞ‬ ِ ُ ‫ﺻﻬﺎِرﻳ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺞ‬ ‫ﺿْﻴﻌﺔ‬ َ

AGRICULTURE AND FARMING fertilizer

‫ﺤﻂ‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬

drought

‫ﻗﺎُدوس‬

water-wheel bucket

to fertilize

pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻮاِدﻳ‬

cistern, water tank

‫ِﻗﻄﺎف‬

harvest (picking) (fruit)

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫( َﻗ‬i)

to pick (flowers, fruit)

country estate

ِ pl. ‫ﺿﻴﺎع‬ ‫ﺣﻮن‬ ُ ‫ﻃﺎ‬

mill

ِ ‫ﻃﻮا‬ َ pl. ‫ﺣﻴﻦ‬

‫ُﻛ َّﺪاس‬ pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َﻛﺪاِدﻳ‬ ‫َﻛْﺮم‬ pl. ‫ﺮوم‬ ُ ‫ُﻛ‬

stack (grain)

vineyard

‫ﻃﺎﺣﻮن اﻟَﻬﻮاء‬

windmill

‫ﺸﺮات‬ َ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﻃﺎِرد اﻟ‬

insect repellent

‫ﺤَﻦ‬ َ ‫ﻃ‬ َ (a)

to mill, grind

‫ﺸﺮات‬ َ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ُﻣِﺒﻴﺪات اﻟ‬

insecticides

‫ق‬ َ ‫( َﻋَﺰ‬i)

to dig (up)

‫َﻣﺠﺎﻋﺔ‬

famine

‫َﻋِﻘﻴﻢ‬

barren

‫ﺤﺮاث‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

plough

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫( َﻋَﻠ‬i)

to feed (cattle)

ُ ‫َﻣﺤﺎِرﻳ‬ pl. ‫ﺚ‬

‫َﻋَﻠﻒ‬

fodder, forage

‫ﺼﻮل‬ ُ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺤﺎ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﻞ‬

ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ِﻋﻼف‬, ‫ُﻋﻠﻮﻓﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻼف‬ ‫ﻏﺎﺑﺔ‬

forest

‫ِﻏﺮاﺳﺔ‬

cultivation

َ‫( َﻏّﻞ‬u)

to yield crops

‫َﻏَﻠﺔ‬

crop

ِ pl. ‫ﻏﻼل‬ ‫َﻏْﻴﻂ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﻏﻴﻄﺎن‬ ‫َﻓﺄس‬ pl. ‫ُﻓﺆوس‬, ‫أْﻓﺆس‬

field

axe

‫ﺷﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ٍ ‫َﻣﻮا‬ pl. ‫ش‬

‫ﺨﻠﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ َ ‫ِﻣ‬, ‫َﻣﺨﺎِﻟﻰ‬ pl. ‫ﺨﻞ‬ ‫ِﻣْﺬَود‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺬاِو‬ pl. ‫د‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣَﺮِّﺑﻲ اﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫َﻣْﺮَﺑﻂ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻣﺮاِﺑﻂ‬ ‫َﻣْﺮج‬

cattle, livestock

crop (yield)

nosebag

manger

cattle breeder stud farm

meadow

pl. ‫ﺮوج‬ ُ ‫ُﻣ‬

‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫َﻣْﺮﻋ‬ ٍ ‫َﻣﺮا‬ pl. ‫ع‬

‫َﻓَّﺰاﻋﺔ‬

scarecrow

َّ ‫َﻓ‬ ‫ﻼح‬

farmer

‫( َﻓَﻠَﺢ‬a)

to cultivate (land)

‫َﻣْﺰَرﻋﺔ‬ pl. ‫ع‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺰاِر‬

‫َﻓَﻴﻀﺎن‬

flood, inundation

‫ﺿﻲ‬ ِ ‫ِﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اَﻷرا‬

pasture

farm

acreage

NATURAL RESOURCES

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺴ َّﻤﺪات‬ ‫ِﻣْﻌَﺰﻗﺔ‬ pl. ‫ق‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻌﺎِز‬ ‫ِﻣْﻌَﻮل‬ pl. ‫ول‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻌﺎ‬ ‫َﻣْﻐِﺮس‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻐﺎِر‬ pl. ‫س‬ ‫ُﻣِﻐّﻞ‬ ‫ﺠﻞ‬ َ ‫َﻣْﻨ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻨﺎ‬ ‫َﻣﻮاد َﻛِﺮﻳﻬ َّﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎُﻋﻮرة‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻧﻮاِﻋﻴ‬

153

fertilizers

‫ﻧﺎف‬

yoke

hoe

‫( َﻧَﺒَﺬ‬i)

to press (grapes)

‫ﺤﺎل‬ َّ ‫َﻧ‬

beekeeper

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫َﻧ َّﻘ‬

to drill (e.g. oil)

‫( َﻧَﻤﻰ‬i)

to grow

‫َﻧْﻮَرج‬

thresher

pick (tool)

grove (olives)

fertile, productive (land) sickle

weedkiller noria

ُ ‫َﻧﻮاِر‬ pl. ‫ج‬ ‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﻫْﻨَﺪﺳﺔ اﻟِّﺮ‬

irrigation engineering

‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﺔ ِزراِﻋ َّﻴﺔ‬

agronomy

‫واِﻓﺮ‬

abundant

‫ﻳﺎِﺑﺲ‬

dry

‫ُﻳْﺒﺲ‬

see ‫ﺟﻔﺎف‬

‫ﺑﻠﻮﺗﻮﻳﻮم‬

plutonium

Natural resources ‫ﺳِﺒﻴﺪاج‬ ْ ‫إ‬

white lead, ceruse

‫ﺳِﺘﻴﺎِﺗﻴﺖ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

steatite, soapstone

‫ﺠﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ِ ‫أْﻛ‬

oxygen

‫ﺳْﻮداء‬ َ ‫أْﻣﻄﺎر‬

black rain

‫أْﻟﻤﺎس‬

‫ َﺑ ُّﻠﻮر‬،‫ِﺑ َّﻠﻮْر‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

crystal

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺨِﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫َﺑﻠﻮر‬

rock crystal

diamond

‫َﺑْﻨِﺰﻳﻦ‬

petrol, gasoline

‫أُﻟﻮِﻣْﻨﻴﺎ‬

aluminium

‫َﺑْﻨَﻔﺶ‬

amethyst

‫أوُزون‬

ozone

َّ ‫َﺑ‬ ‫ﺨَﺮ‬

to evaporate

‫ُﺑْﺮج اﻟَﺘْﺒِﺮﻳﺪ‬

cooling tower

‫َﺗَﻠ ُّﻮث‬

pollution

‫ﺤْﻔﺮ‬ َ ‫ُﺑْﺮج اﻟ‬

derrick, oil rig

‫ﺟﺎِذﺑ َّﻴﺔ‬

gravitation

‫ﺑﻼﺗﻴﻦ‬

platinum

‫ﺟﺎذﺑَّﻴﺔ اﻟِّﺜْﻘﻞ‬

gravitational force

‫ﺑﻼﺳِﺘﻴﻚ‬

plastic

‫ﺟْﺰع‬ َ

onyx

‫ﺑﺌﺮ اﻟ َّﻨْﻔﻂ‬ pl. ‫آﺑﺎر‬, ‫ِﺑﺌﺎر‬

oil well

154

‫ﺟَﺰىء‬ ُ pl. ‫ات‬-

NATURAL RESOURCES molecule

‫ﺟَﻴﺎر‬ ِ

unslaked lime

‫ﺟﻴﺮ‬ ِ

lime

‫ﺤﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺣﺎِﻣﺾ اﻟَﻔ‬

carbonic acid

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣﺎِﻣﺾ ِﻛْﺒِﺮﻳِﺘ‬

sulphuric acid

‫ﺠﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ stone pl. ‫ﺣﺠﺎر‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺣﺠﺎرة‬ ِ , ‫ﺣﺠﺎر‬ ِ

‫َرْﻣﻞ‬

sand

‫ﺟﺪ‬ َ ‫َزَﺑْﺮ‬

chrysolite

‫ِزْرِﻧﻴﺦ‬

arsenic

‫ُزُﻣ ُّﺮد‬

emerald

‫ﺠْﻔﺮ‬ ُ ‫ُزْﻧ‬

cinnabar

‫ِزْﻧﻚ‬

zinc

‫ُزﺟﺎج‬

glass

‫ﺣﺠﺮ َﺛِﻤﻴﻦ‬

precious stone

‫ِزْﻧﺠﺎر‬

verdigris

َ ‫ﺣﺠﺮ‬ ‫ﺟَﻬ َّﻨﻢ‬

silver nitrate

‫ِزْﻳَﺒﻖ‬

mercury, quicksilver

‫ﺠﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺠﺮ اﻟ‬

limestone

ُّ ‫ﺣﺠﺮ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺴ َّﻤﺎِﻗ‬

porphyry

‫َزْﻳﺖ‬ ُ pl. ‫زُﻳﻮت‬

‫ﺸﺎِذﻧﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺣﺠﺮ اﻟ‬

haematite

‫ﺣْﻠﻮ‬ ُ ‫َزْﻳﺖ‬

sweet oil

‫ﺣﺠﺮ اﻟَﻘَﻤﺮ‬

selenite, gypsum

‫زﻳﺖ ﺧﺎم‬

crude oil

‫ﺣِﺪﻳﺪ‬ َ

iron

‫َزْﻳﺖ اﻟﻐﺎز‬

kerosene

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﺾ ِﻛْﺒِﺮﻳِﺘ‬

sulphuric acid

‫ﺳَﺒَﻚ‬ َ (i, u)

to found, cast (metal)

‫ﻄﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

firewood

‫ﺳِﺒﻴﻜﺔ‬ َ

ingot

َ ‫ﺣْﻘﻞ اﻟَّﻨْﻔﻂ‬

oil field

pl. ‫ﻚ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﺒﺎﺋ‬ َ

‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ اﻟِﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ِ

environmental protection

‫ﺳِﺒﻴﻜﺔ َذَﻫﺐ‬ َ

gold bullion

َ ‫ﺾ‬ َ ‫ﺣَّﻤ‬

to oxydize

‫ﺳْﻠِﺒﻰ‬ َ

negative (el.)

acid

‫ﺳْﻠﻔﺎت‬ ُ

sulphate

raw material

‫ﺷْﻤﻊ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻤﻮع‬ ُ ‫ﺷ‬ ُ

‫ﺣْﻤﺾ‬ َ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺣﻤﺎض‬ ‫ﺧﺎم‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﺸﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺧﺸﺎب‬

wood

oil

wax

‫ﺻﺎج‬

sheet iron

َ ‫ﺻﺎج ُﻣ‬ ‫ﻀ َّﻠﻊ‬

corrugated iron

‫ﺻْﻠﺐ‬ ُ

steel

‫ﺻْﻤﻎ‬ َ

gum, resin

‫َذ َّرة‬

atom

‫َذَﻫﺐ‬

gold

‫ُرﺧﺎم‬

marble

pl. ‫ﻤﻮغ‬ ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ُ

‫َرﺻﺎص‬

lead

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻﻤﻎ َﻋَﺮِﺑ‬

gum arabic

NATURAL RESOURCES

155

‫َﻓْﻴُﺮوز‬

turquoise

metallurgic industry

‫ﺼِﺪﻳﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬

tin

‫ﺻﻮدا‬ ُ

soda

to filter

‫ﺻﻮدا ﻛﺎِو َّﻳﺔ‬

َّ ‫َﻗ‬ ‫ﻄَﺮ‬

caustic soda

‫ﻄﺮان‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬

tar

‫ﺻﻮِدﻳﻮم‬ ُ

sodium

‫ﻛﺎْدِﻣﻴﻮم‬

cadmium

‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ‬

energy

‫ت‬ َ ‫َﻛْﺒَﺮ‬

to vulcanize

‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ اﻟِّﺮﻳﺢ‬

wind energy

‫ِﻛْﺒِﺮﻳﺖ‬

sulphur

ِ ‫ﺷْﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺴ َّﻴﺔ‬

solar energy

‫َﻛ َّﺮَر‬

to refine, filter

‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ َﻧَﻮِو َّﻳﺔ‬

nuclear power

َ‫َﻛ َّﻠﺲ‬

to whitewash, calcify

‫ﻃَﺒﻘﺔ اﻷوزون‬ َ

ozone layer

‫ﻛﻠﻮر‬

chlorine

‫ﻃْﻔﻞ‬ َ

potter’s clay

‫َﻛْﻬَﺮﺑﺎء‬

electricity

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃِﻴﻴِﻌ‬ َ

natural

‫َﻛْﻬَﺮﻣﺎن‬

amber

‫ﻋﺎج‬

ivory

‫ﺳﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫ِﻛﻴُﺮو‬

kerosene

‫ِﻋْﺮق اﻟُﻠﺆُﻟﺆ‬

mother-of-pearl

‫ﻻُزَوْرد‬

lapis lazuli

carnelian

‫َﻟّﻤﺎع‬

glistening, sparkling

‫ُﻟْﻤﻌﺔ‬

gleam, glow

element

pl. ‫ﻤﻊ‬ َ ‫ُﻟ‬, ‫ِﻟﻤﺎع‬

‫( ُﻟﺆُﻟﺆ‬coll.) pl. ‫ﻵِﻟﺊ‬

‫ﺳْﺒﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬ ِ ‫اﻟَﻤﻌﺎِدن‬

‫( َﻋِﻘﻴﻖ‬coll.) pl. ‫ﻖ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻘﺎﺋ‬ ‫ﺼﺮ‬ ُ ‫ُﻋْﻨ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫َﻋﻨﺎ‬ ُ‫ﺻ‬ ‫ِﻋﻴﺎر‬

1. standard (gold, silver)

pl. ‫ات‬-

2. carat (gold)

‫ﻏﺎز‬

gas

‫َﻟِّﻴﻦ‬ pl. ‫ون‬-, ‫أْﻟﻴﻼﻧﺔ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃِﺒﻴِﻌ‬ ِ ‫ﻏﺎز‬

natural gas

‫ِﻟﻴﻦ‬

coal

‫ﻣﺎَّدة‬ pl. ‫د‬ ّ ‫َﻣﻮا‬

‫ﺤﻢ‬ ْ ‫( َﻓ‬coll.) pl. ‫ﺤﻮﻣﺎت‬ ُ ‫ُﻓ‬

‫ﺠﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺤﺎ‬ ُ‫ﺟ‬

pearls

soft, flexible

softness, flexibility material

‫ﻄﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺤﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﻓ‬

charcoal

‫ﺤﻢ ُﻛﻮك‬ ْ ‫َﻓ‬

coke

‫ﻀﺔ‬ َّ ‫ِﻓ‬

silver

َّ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﻄﺔ َﺗْﻮِﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫اﻟَﻜْﻬِﺮﺑﺎء‬

‫ﺳﻔﺎت‬ ْ ‫ُﻓﻮ‬

phosphate

َّ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﻄﺔ َﻧَﻮِو َّﻳﺔ‬

nuclear power plant

‫ُﻓﻮﺻُﻔﻮر‬

phosphorus

َّ ‫ﺨ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺼﺐ‬

enriched (material)

stone quarry

power station

156

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

‫ُﻣَﺬﱠﻫﺐ‬

gilded

‫ُﻣْﺮﺟﺎن‬

coral

‫ﺴَﺒﻚ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﻚ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺴﺎِﺑ‬

foundry

‫ﺟﺐ‬ َ ‫ُﻣﻮ‬

positive (el.)

‫َﻣْﻮِرد‬

resource

ُ ‫َﻣﻮاِر‬ pl. ‫د‬ ‫ﻧﺎِﻋﻢ‬

fine, smooth

ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ َّ ‫ﺼَﺪر اﻟ‬

energy source

‫ُﻧﺤﺎس‬

copper

َّ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﻄﺎط‬

rubber

‫ﺻَﻔﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻧﺤﺎس أ‬

brass

mineral

‫َﻧﻔﺎﻳﺎ َﻧَﻮِو َّﻳﺔ‬

nuclear waste

‫َﻧْﻔﻂ‬

petroleum

‫َﻣْﻌِﺪن‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻌﺎِد‬ pl. ‫ن‬ ‫ُﻣَﻌ َّﺪن‬

miner

‫َﻧْﻔﻂ ﺧﺎم‬

crude oil

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻄ‬ ِ ‫َﻣْﻌُﺮوض َﻧْﻔ‬

oil supply

َ ‫ُﻧْﻘﻄﺔ اﻟَﺘ‬ ‫ﺠ ُّﻤﺪ‬

freezing point

‫َﻣْﻌَﻤﻞ اﻟَﺘْﻜِﺮﻳﺮ‬

refinery

‫ﻧﻴﺘﺮوﺟﻴﻦ‬

nitrogen

‫ﻄﻴﺲ‬ ِ ‫َﻣْﻐَﻨ‬

magnet

‫ِﻧﻴﻜﻞ‬

nickel

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ُﻣﻔﺎِﻋﻞ َﻧَﻮِو‬

nuclear reactor

‫ﺟﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫ِﻫﻴﺪرو‬

hydrogen

mine

‫َوُﻗﻮد‬

fuel

‫َوَّﻟَﺪ‬

to generate (energy)

‫ﺠﻢ‬ َ ‫َﻣْﻨ‬ ُ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻨﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ‫َﻣﻮادّ أَّوِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

base materials

‫ﻣﻮادّ ﺧﺎم‬

raw materials

‫ﻣﻮادّ ُﻣْﻠَﺘِﻬﺒﺔ‬

combustible materials

‫ﻳﻮراِﻧﻴﻮم‬

uranium

‫ﻃِﺒﻴِﻌّﻴﺔ‬ َ ‫َﻣﻮاِرد‬

natural resources

َ ‫ﻳﻮراﻧﻴﻮم ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺼﺐ‬ َّ ‫ﺨ‬

enriched uranium

‫ﺤﻴﺎﻛﺔ‬ ِ ‫آﻟﺔ اﻟ‬

power loom

‫ﺨﻴﺎﻃﺔ‬ ِ ‫آﻟﺔ اﻟ‬

sewing machine

‫آﻟﺔ ﻛﺎِﺑﺴﺔ‬

compressor

‫آﻟﺔ ِﻟﺤﺎم‬

soldering iron

‫آِﻟﻲ‬

mechanical, mechanized

‫( ﻳﺎﻗﻮت‬coll.) pl. ‫َﻳﻮاِﻗﻴﺖ‬

ruby

Tools and equipment ‫إْزِﻣﻴﻞ‬

chisel

pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫أزاِﻣﻴ‬

‫ﺷَﻔﻰ‬ ْ ‫إ‬ pl. ‫ف‬ ٍ ‫أﺷﺎ‬ ‫آﻟﺔ‬

awl

1. machine 2. tool, instrument

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

‫ُأْﻧُﺒﻮب‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫أﻧﺎِﺑﻴ‬

pipe, tube

‫راِﻓﻌﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫َرواِﻓ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫( َرﺣ‬f.)

157 hoist

quern, hand mill

‫ُﺑﺮادة‬

iron filings

‫َﺑ َّﺮاﻣﺔ‬

drilling machine

‫( َﺑَﺮَد‬u)

to file

‫َرْﻓﺶ‬ pl. ‫رﻓﻮش‬

‫َﺑِّﺮﻳﻤﺔ‬

auger, gimlet

َّ ‫َز‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻓﺔ‬

leveller (agriculture)

‫ﺷﻤﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﺑْﺮ‬

rivet

‫َزْرد َّﻳﺔ‬

pliers

‫َﺑَّﻜﺎرة‬

pulley

ُّ ‫َﺗَﻌ‬ ‫ﻄﻞ‬

defect, flaw

َّ ‫َﺗَﻜ‬ ‫ﺴَﺮ‬

to become broken

َ ‫أر‬, ‫ُرﺣﻲ‬, ‫ﺣﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫أْر‬ pl. ‫ﺣﻰ‬

َ (u) ‫ﺳَّﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺪاد‬ ِ َّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺪة‬

turbine

‫ﺳْﻠﻚ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺳﻼك‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫( َﺛَﻘ‬u)

to drill, pierce

‫ﺴﻠﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺳْﻠ‬ ِ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻼ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

َ ‫ﺟ َّﻠَﺦ‬

to sharpen, whet

‫ﺟْﻠﺦ‬ َ

whetstone

‫ُﺗﻮرِﺑﻴﻦ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﺟﻬﺎز‬ ِ pl. ‫ﻬﺰة‬ ِ‫ﺟ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺣْﺒﻞ‬ َ ِ pl. ‫ﺣﺒﺎل‬

device, appliance

sealing wax

َ ‫ﺳَﻤﻨﺖ‬ ْ ‫ﻼﻃﺔ اﻷ‬ َّ ‫ﺧ‬

concrete mixer

‫ﺧﻮذة‬ ُ

safety helmet

‫ﺳﻢ‬ ْ ‫َد ُّﺑﻮس َر‬ pl. - ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َدﺑﺎِﺑﻴ‬ ‫َدْﻟﻮ‬

thread, string, cable

plug, stopper

wire

chain

ladder

‫ﺳَﻦ‬ َ (u)

to sharpen, whet

‫ﺳْﻨﺪان‬ ِ ،‫ﺳْﻨﺪان‬ َ

anvil

‫ﺳﻴﺦ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺳﻴﺎخ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

thumb tack

bucket

skewer

net ‫ﺷَﺒﻜﺔ‬ َ َ , ‫ﺷﺒﺎك‬ ِ , ‫ﺷُﺒﻮﻛﺎت‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺷَﺒﻚ‬

‫ﺷِﺮﻳﻂ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻂ‬ ُ ‫ﺷﺮاﺋ‬ َ , ‫ﺷِﺮﻃﺔ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻟِﻤْﻘﻴﺎس‬

ِ ‫أْد‬, ‫ِدﻻء‬, ‫أْدﻻء‬ pl. ‫ل‬ ‫َد َّوارة‬

to plug up

ُ ‫ﺳﻨﺎِدﻳ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ rope

‫ﺧﺘﺎم‬ ِ

‫ﺧْﻴﻂ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺧﻴﻮط‬ ُ

‫ﺳَﻠﻢ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﻼِﻟ‬ َ , ‫ﺳﻼِﻟﻴُﻢ‬ َ

shovel, spade

‫ﺻِﻔﻴﺤﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺢ‬ ُ ‫ﺻﻔﺎﺋ‬ َ ‫ﺻﻤﺎم‬ ِ

tape, string

measuring tape can

valve

pl. ‫ات‬vane

‫ﺻﻤﺎم اﻷﻣﺎن‬

safety valve

158

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

‫ﺻُﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ُ

nut

‫َﻋَﺘﻠﺔ‬

crowbar

َ pl. ‫ﻋَﺘﻞ‬ ‫ﺠﻠﺔ اﻟَﻴﺪ‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬ ‫َﻋَّﺪة‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬, ‫ات‬pl. ‫ﺪد‬ َّ ‫َﻋَﺮﺑﺔ َﻗ‬ ‫ﻼﺑﺔ‬ ‫( َﻋﺼﺎ‬f.) pl. ‫ﺼﻰ‬ ِ ‫ُﻋ‬, ‫ﺺ‬ ٍ ‫َأْﻋ‬ ‫ُﻋْﻘﺪة‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻋَﻘﺪ‬ ‫ُﻏﺮاب‬

wheelbarrow tool, instrument

tipcart cane, stick

knot

blade (hatchet)

sieve

plane

‫َﻗْﺒﻀﺔ‬

grip

‫ﻄﺐ‬ ْ ‫ُﻗ‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﻄﺎب‬

to break

‫َﻛَّﻤﺎﺷﺔ‬

pincers

‫َﻟْﻮح‬

board, plate

‫ﻣﺎَﻟﺞ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻮاِﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﺞ‬

trowel

file, rasp

pl. ‫د‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺒﺎِر‬

‫ﻄَﺮﻗﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻄﺎِر‬ pl. ‫ق‬

hammer

َّ ‫ُﻣَﻌ‬ ‫ﻄﻞ‬

broken, out of order

‫ِﻣْﺜَﻘﺐ‬

drill

َ pl. ‫ﻣﺜﺎِﻗﺐ‬

‫ﻓﺎرة‬

‫َﻗَّﺬاﺣﺔ‬

‫ﺴَﺮ‬ َ ‫( َﻛ‬i)

‫َﻣْﺒَﺮد‬

ُ ‫َﻏﺮاِﺑﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

‫َﻗ ُّﺪوم‬ ُ ‫َﻗﺪاﺋ‬, ‫ُﻗُﺪم‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬

crank

pl. ‫أْﻟﻮاح‬

ْ ‫ِﻏ‬, ‫أْﻏُﺮب‬, ‫أْﻏِﺮﺑﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺮﺑﺎن‬ ‫ِﻏْﺮﺑﺎل‬

‫ﻛﺮﻧﻚ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

adze

‫ﻣﺜﻘﺐ ﺑﺎﻟَﻬﻮاء‬ ‫ﻀُﻐﻮﻃﺔ‬ ْ ‫اﻟَﻤ‬

pneumatic drill

‫ﺠّﺰ‬ َ ‫ِﻣ‬

shears

‫ﺨَﺮﻃﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ط‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺨﺎِر‬

lighter

‫ِﻣَﺪّﻗﺔ‬

pivot

‫َﻣﺪا ﱡ‬ pl. ‫ق‬ ‫ِﻣَﺪقّ اﻟَّﺮﻛﺎﺋﺰ‬

lathe

mortar (cf. pestle)

piledriver

‫ﻗﻄﺐ ﺳﺎِﻟﺐ‬

cathode

‫ﺟﺐ‬ َ ‫ﻗﻄﺐ ُﻣﻮ‬

anode

َّ ‫َﻗ‬ ‫ﻼب‬

skip

َّ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫َﻗﻼب‬ ‫ﻼط‬

rotary mixer

‫َﻗﻼُووظ‬

screw

‫ﺴﺤﺎة‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ ٍ ‫َﻣﺴﺎ‬ pl. ‫ح‬

‫ظ‬ َ ‫َﻗْﻠَﻮ‬

to screw together

‫ﺴَﻠﻔﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

harrow

‫ﻛﺎَﺑﻞ‬

cable

‫ﺴﻤﺎر‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

nail

‫ِﻛْﺒِﺮﻳﺖ‬

matches

pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺴﺎِﻣﻴ‬

‫ِﻣْﺮَﻓﻌﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺮاِﻓ‬ ‫ِﻣْﺮَوﺣﺔ‬ ُ ‫َﻣَﺮاِو‬ pl. ‫ح‬

crane

fan

spade

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

‫ﺸَﻌﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

torch

pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺸﺎِﻋ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻣﻜﺒﺲ ﻣﺎﺋ‬ ‫ِﻣْﻠَﺰﻣﺔ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻼِز‬ pl. ‫م‬

159 hydraulic press vice, clamp

‫ﺼﺒﺎح ُﻣَﻔْﻠِﻮر‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

fluorescent lamp

َّ ‫ﻀ‬ ‫ﺨﺔ‬ َ ‫ِﻣ‬

pump

َّ ‫ﻀ‬ ‫ﺨﺔ راِﻓﻌﺔ‬ َ ‫ِﻣ‬

suction pump

‫ﺠﻞ‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻨ‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻨﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

mallet

‫ﺠﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫َﻣْﻨ‬

vice

‫ِﻣْﻨﺸﺎر‬

saw

‫ﻀَﺮب‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻀﺎِر‬ pl. ‫ب‬ ‫ُﻣَﻌّﺪ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

equipment, appliance

scythe

pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻨﺎ‬ ُ ‫ﺷﻴ‬

‫ﺼﺒﺔ‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻨ‬

trestle

‫ِﻣﻴﺰان‬

scales

‫ﺻُﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ُ ‫ِﻣْﻔﺘﺎح‬

spanner

‫ِﻣْﻔﺮاك‬

twirling stick

pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻮاِزﻳ‬

screwdriver

‫ﻃْﺒِﻠﻰ‬ َ ‫ﻣﻴﺰان‬

weighbridge

‫ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻤﺎء‬

spirit level

‫ﻧﺎِﻗﺺ‬

faulty

scissors

‫( َﻧَﻔَﺦ‬u)

to inflate

‫َﻧْﻮل‬

loom

gauge

pl. ‫أْﻧﻮال‬

‫ِﻣَﻔّﻚ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫َﻣْﻘَﺒﺾ‬ pl. ‫ﺾ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻘﺎِﺑ‬ ‫ﺺ‬ ّ ‫ِﻣَﻘ‬ ّ ‫ِﻣﻘﺎ‬ pl. ‫ص‬ ‫ِﻣْﻘﻴﺎس‬

handle

pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻘﺎِﻳﻴ‬

‫ﻣﻘﻴﺎس اﻟ َّﺘﻴﺎر‬

ammeter

‫ﺠْﻬﺪ‬ َ ‫ﻣﻘﻴﺎس اﻟ‬

voltmeter

‫ﻣﻘﻴﺎس اﻟَﺰواﻳﺎ‬

protractor

‫ﻣﻘﻴﺎس اﻟَﻜْﻬَﺮﺑﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

electrometer

‫ِﻣْﻜَﺒﺲ‬ pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻜﺎِﺑ‬

1. press 2. piston

‫ﻫﺎُون‬

mortar

َّ ‫َوَرق اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴْﻨَﻔﺮة‬

emery paper, sandpaper

‫ﺻﻠﺔ‬ ْ ‫ُو‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺻﻞ‬ َ ‫ُو‬ ‫ِوْﻧﺶ‬

joint

winch

pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫وﻧﺎش‬ ْ‫أ‬

‫َﻳﺪ اﻟﻬﺎون‬

pestle

160

TIME

Time General

ُّ ‫َﺑْﻌﺪ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻈْﻬﺮ‬

afternoon

2. always

‫ُﺑَﻌْﻴﺪ‬

shortly after

‫َأْﺛﻨﺎء‬

during

‫ُﺑْﻜﺮة‬

tomorrow

َّ ‫أ‬ (‫ﺟﻞَ )إﻟﻰ‬

to postpone (until)

‫َﺑِﻜﻴﺮ‬

early

‫ﺣﻴﺎﻧًﺎ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

sometimes

َّ ‫َﺑْﻨُﺪول اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬

pendulum

‫ﺧَﺮ‬ َّ ‫أ‬

1. to delay

‫ﺧَﺮى‬ ْ ‫َﺑْﻴﻦ ﻓﺘﺮة و ُأ‬

now and then

2. to set back (clock)

‫َﺑْﻴَﻨﻤﺎ‬

while, during

‫ﺧﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫أ‬

last, recent

to be delayed, lag behind

‫ﺧﻴﺮًا‬ ِ ‫أ‬

َّ ‫َﺗﺄ‬ ‫ﺧَﺮ‬

at last

‫َﺗَﻘ َّﺪَم‬

to run fast (clock/watch)

‫َﺗْﻘِﻮﻳﻢ‬

calendar

‫أَﺑﺪًا‬

‫ﺳُﺒﻮع‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ُ ‫أﺳﺎِﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳُﺒﻮِﻋ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ق‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘْﻐَﺮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬

1. never (on its own; with negation)

week

ُ ‫َﺗﻘﺎِوﻳ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ weekly (adj.) to take, last (an amount of time)

‫أﺿﺎع اﻟَﻮْﻗﺖ‬

to waste time

‫أﻵن‬

now

‫ﺲ‬ ِ ‫أْﻣ‬

yesterday

‫آن‬

time

pl. ‫أوان‬, ‫وﻧﺔ‬ ِ‫آ‬

‫َﺗْﻮِﻗﻴﺖ ﺟﺮﻳﻨﺘﺶ‬

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

‫ﺛﺎِﻧﻴﺔ‬

second

ٍ ‫َﺛﻮا‬ pl. ‫ن‬ ‫ُﺛْﻠﺚ‬

twenty minutes to/past the hour

‫ُﺛ َّﻢ‬

then

‫ﺟﻴﻞ‬ ِ

generation

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺟﻴﺎل‬

‫آِﻧﻔًﺎ‬

formerly

‫ﺿﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺎ‬

present

‫ﻀﻰ‬ َ ‫أْﻧَﻘ‬

to pass, elapse (time)

‫ﺣﺎًﻻ‬

immediately

‫أَّول أﻣﺲ‬

the day before yesterday

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣﺎِﻟ‬

present, current

‫ﺳِﺘْﻤﺮار‬ ْ ‫ِﺑﺈ‬

continuously, constantly

‫ﺣْﺘﻤًﺎ‬ َ

definitely, inevitably

‫ُﺑْﺮﻫﺔ‬

a short time

َ ‫ﺣ َّﺘﻰ‬

until

‫َﺑْﻌَﺪ‬

after

‫ﺣِﺪﻳﺚ‬ َ

recent, modern

‫َﺑْﻌﺪَ ذِﻟَﻚ‬

afterwards

pl. ‫ﺣﺪاث‬ َ

TIME

‫ﺣﻴﻦ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺣﻴﺎن‬ ْ ‫أ‬

time

ِ ‫ﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﻤﺎ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺿ َّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺴﻴ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ َﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺤ َّﻴﺔ‬

161 last year Year in the Christian era

‫ﺣﻴَﻨﺌٍﺬ‬ ِ

at that time, then

‫ﺣﻴَﻨﻤﺎ‬ ِ

whenever

ْ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ ِﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺠِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

year in the Muslim era (A.H.)

‫ﻃﻒ‬ ِ ‫ﺧﺎ‬

fleeting

‫ق‬ َ ‫ﺷَﺮ‬ َ (u)

to rise (sun)

‫ﺧﻼل‬ ِ

see ‫أﺛﻨﺎء‬

‫ﺷُﺮوق‬ ُ

sunrise

‫( داَم‬u)

to last

‫داﺋﻢ‬

‫ﺷْﻬﺮ‬ َ ُ‫ﺷ‬ ُ , ‫ﺷُﻬﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻬﻮر‬

permanent

‫داﺋﻤًﺎ‬

always

‫ق‬ ‫( َد ﱠ‬i)

to strike (clock)

‫َدِﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬ ُ ‫َدﻗﺎﺋ‬

minute

َّ ‫َرْأس اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬

New Year’s Day

‫راِﻫﻦ‬

see ‫ﺣﺎﻟﻲ‬

‫ُرْﺑﻊ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬

quarter of an hour

‫ﺳﺎِﺑﻖ‬

previous, former

‫ﺳﺎِﺑﻘًﺎ‬

formerly

‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬

hour

‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ‬

clock

‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﻴﺪ‬

watch

‫ﺳَﺒﻖَ ﻟﻪ أن‬ َ (i, u)

(A.D.)

month

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺷْﻬِﺮ‬ َ

monthly

‫ﺻﺒﺎح‬ َ

morning

‫ﺻﺒﺎﺣًﺎ‬ َ

in the morning

‫ﺻﺒﺎح َﻏّﺪ‬ َ

tomorrow morning

‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟَﻴْﻮم‬

this morning

‫ﻃﻮر‬ َ ‫ﻃْﻮراً ﺑﻌﺪ‬ َ

time and again

‫ﻇْﻬﺮ‬ ُ

midday

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻇﻬﺎر‬ ً ‫ﺟ‬ ‫ﻼ‬ ِ ‫ﺟﻼً أو آ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﺎ‬

sooner or later

‫ﻋﺎَدًة‬

usually

‫ﻋﺎم‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻮام‬ ْ , ‫ات‬‫َﻋْﻘَﺮب‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻘﺎِر‬ pl. ‫ب‬

see ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬

hand (watch/clock)

to have experienced . . . (perf.) before

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻋﻘﺮب اﻟَﺜﻮاِﻧ‬

second hand

‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ َ

early dawn

‫ﻋﻘﺮب اﻟَﺪﻗﺎﺋﻖ‬

minute hand

‫ﺳَﻠﻔًﺎ‬ َ

beforehand

‫ﺴﺎﻋﺎت‬ َ ‫ﻋﻘﺮب اﻟ‬

hour hand

year

‫َﻋَﻠﻰ اﻟَﻤَﺪى اﻟَﺒِﻌﻴﺪ‬

in the long term

‫َﻋَﻠﻰ اﻟَﻤَﺪى اﻟَﻘِﺮﻳﺐ‬

in the short term

‫ُﻋْﻤﺮ‬

age (person)

‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺳَﻨﻮات‬ َ , ‫ﺳﻨﻮن‬ ِ ‫ﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﻘﺎِدﻣﺔ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

next year

‫ﺳﻨﺔ َﻛِﺒﻴﺴﺔ‬ َ

leap year

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻤﺎر‬

162

‫َﻋْﻬﺪ‬ ُ ‫ُﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﻬﻮد‬

TIME era, age

َّ ‫ِﻋﻴﺪ َرأس اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬

New Year

َّ ‫ُﻏَّﺮة اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸْﻬﺮ‬

first day of the month

‫ب‬ َ ‫( َﻏَﺮ‬u)

to set (sun)

‫ُﻏُﺮوب‬

sunset

‫ﺴﻖ‬ َ ‫َﻏ‬

dusk, twilight

‫ت‬ َ ‫( ﻓﺎ‬u)

to elapse, pass (time)

‫َﻓْﺘﺮة‬

interval of time

‫ُﻓﺠﺄًة‬

suddenly

‫ﺠﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻓ‬

dawn

‫ﺼﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﻓ‬ ُ ‫ُﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﺼﻮل‬

‫َﻗِﺮﻳﺒًﺎ‬

soon

‫ﻀﻰ‬ َ ‫( َﻗ‬i)

to spend (time)

ُّ ‫َﻗ‬ ‫ﻂ‬

never (with negative verb)

‫َﻗ َّﻠَﻤﺎ‬

rarely

‫ﻛﺎﻟُﻤْﻌﺘﺎد‬

as usual

‫َﻛِﺜﻴﺮًا‬

often

‫ُﻛَّﻠﻤﺎ‬

whenever

‫ﺣﻘًﺎ‬ ِ ‫ﻻ‬

afterwards

‫ﺤﻈﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻟ‬

moment

‫َﻟْﻴﻞ‬

night (< > ‫)ﻧﻬﺎر‬

ً ‫َﻟْﻴ‬ ‫ﻼ‬

by night

season

‫َﻓْﻮَر‬

‫َﻟْﻴﻠﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻟﻴﺎ‬, ‫ات‬pl. ‫ل‬

as soon as

‫اﻟَﻠْﻴﻠَﺔ‬

tonight

‫َﻓْﻮرًا‬

immediately

‫َﻟْﻴﻠﺔ أﻣﺲ‬

last night

‫ﺿﻲ‬ ِ ‫اﻟﻤﺎ‬

past

‫ُﻣَﺒِّﻜﺮًا‬

early in the morning

‫ﺧﺮ‬ ِّ ‫ُﻣَﺘﺄ‬

late

‫َﻣَﺘﻰ‬

when

‫ﺳَﺮع َوْﻗﺖ‬ ْ ‫ِﻓﻲ َأ‬ ‫ُﻣْﻤِﻜﻦ‬ ‫ِﻓﻲ َأْﻋﻘﺎب‬

as soon as possible in the wake of

‫ﺴَﺘْﻘَﺒﻞ‬ ْ ‫ِﻓﻲ اﻟُﻤ‬ ‫اﻟَﻘِﺮﻳﺐ‬

in the near future

‫ِﻓﻴﻤﺎ َﺑْﻌﺪ‬

subsequently

‫ﻓﻲ َﻧْﻔﺲ اﻟَﻮْﻗﺖ‬

at the same time

‫ﻗﺎِدم‬

see ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻞ‬

‫ﻗﺎﺋﻢ‬

existing

‫َﻗْﺒَﻞ‬

before (prep.)

‫َﻗْﺒﻞ اﻵن‬

previously

‫ُﻗَﺒْﻴﻞ‬

shortly before

‫َﻗْﺮن‬ pl. ‫ﺮون‬ ُ ‫ُﻗ‬

century

‫َﻣﺴﺎء‬ ِ ‫أْﻣ‬, ‫ﺴﻴﺎت‬ ِ ‫أْﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺴﺎء‬

night (< > ‫)ﻳﻮم‬

evening

‫َﻣﺴﺎًء‬

in the evening

‫َﻣﺴﺎء اﻟَﻴْﻮم‬

this evening

‫ﺴَﺘْﻘَﺒﻞ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

future

‫ﺴَﺘِﻤّﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

continuous, continual

‫ﺼﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫َﻣ‬

outcome

(‫ُﻣَﻔِّﻜﺮة )َﻳْﻮِﻣَّﻴﺔ‬

diary

‫ُﻣْﻘِﺒﻞ‬

forthcoming

TIME

‫ِﻣﻦ اﻵن و ﺻﺎِﻋﺪًا‬

from now on

‫ُﻣَﻨِّﺒﻪ‬

alarm clock

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫َﻧﻬﺎر‬ pl. ‫ﻬﺮ‬ ُ ‫أْﻧ‬

163 day (<> night)

‫َﻧﻬﺎرًا‬

by day imminent

‫ﺼﻒ اﻟَﻠْﻴﻞ‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻨَﺘ‬

midnight

‫ﺷﻴﻚ‬ ِ ‫َو‬

‫ُﻣْﻨُﺬ‬

since

‫ﺧﺮًا‬ ِّ ‫ُﻣﺆ‬

lately, recently

‫َوْﻗﺖ‬ pl. ‫وﻗﺎت‬ ْ‫أ‬

‫ُﻣَﺆَّﻗﺖ‬

temporary

‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫َو َّﻗ‬

‫ُﻣُﻮﱠﻗﺘًﺎ‬

temporarily

‫ﻧﺎِدرًا‬

seldom, rarely

‫َﻳْﻮم‬ pl. ‫أَﻳﺎم‬

‫ﺼﻒ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِﻧ‬

half an hour

‫اﻟَﻴْﻮَم‬

today

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻُﺒﻮِﻋ‬ ْ ‫ﺼﻒ أ‬ ْ ‫ِﻧ‬

biweekly (twice weekly)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻳْﻮِﻣ‬

daily (adj.)

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺷْﻬِﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺼﻒ‬ ْ ‫ِﻧ‬

biweekly (fortnightly)

‫َﻳْﻮِﻣّﻴًﺎ‬

daily (adv.)

time

to set a time day

Days of the week

‫ﺣﺪ‬ َ ‫)ﻳﻮم( اﻷ‬

Sunday

‫ﺨِﻤﻴﺲ‬ َ ‫)ﻳﻮم( اﻟ‬

Thursday

‫)ﻳﻮم( اﻹْﺛَﻨْﻴﻦ‬

Monday

‫ﺠْﻤﻌﺔ‬ ُ ‫)ﻳﻮم( اﻟ‬

Friday

‫)ﻳﻮم( اﻟ َّﺜﻼﺛﺎء‬

Tuesday

َّ ‫)ﻳﻮم( اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴْﺒﺖ‬

Saturday

‫)ﻳﻮم( اﻷْرﺑﻌﺎء‬

Wednesday

The seasons

‫ف‬ َ ‫ﺻﺘﺎ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to spend the summer

‫ﺧِﺮﻳﻒ‬ َ

autumn

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻْﻴِﻔ‬ َ ‫َﺗْﻮِﻗﻴﺖ‬

daylight-saving time

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺧِﺮﻳِﻔ‬ َ

autumnal

‫رِﺑﻴﻊ‬

‫ﺷﺘﺎء‬ ِ

winter

spring

ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺷِﺘﻲ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺷِﺘﻴﺔ‬

summer

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺷْﺘِﻮ‬ َ

wintry

‫ﻗﺎﺋﻆ‬

scorchingly hot

‫َﻗْﻴﻆ‬

summer heat

‫ﺻْﻴﻒ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺻﻴﺎف‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻْﻴِﻔ‬ َ

summery

‫‪164‬‬

‫‪TIME‬‬

‫‪Months‬‬ ‫‪Gregorian‬‬ ‫‪N Africa‬‬

‫‪Middle East‬‬

‫‪January‬‬

‫ﺟﺎْﻧﻔﻲ‬

‫َﻳﻨﺎﺋﺮ‬

‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬

‫‪February‬‬

‫ﻓﻴﻔﺮي‬

‫ِﻓْﺒﺮاﺋﺮ‬

‫ﺷﺒﺎط‬ ‫ُ‬

‫‪March‬‬

‫ﻣﺎرس‬

‫ﻣﺎْرس‬

‫آذار‬

‫‪April‬‬

‫أْﻓﺮﻳﻞ‬

‫أْﺑِﺮﻳﻞ‬

‫ِﻧﻴﺴﺎن‬

‫‪May‬‬

‫ﻣﺎي‬

‫ﻣﺎﻳﻮ‬

‫أَﻳﺎر‬

‫‪June‬‬

‫ﺟﻮان‬ ‫ُ‬

‫ﻳﻮِﻧﻴﻮ‬

‫ﺣِﺰﻳﺮان‬ ‫َ‬

‫‪July‬‬

‫ﺟﻮﻳﻠﻴﻪ‬

‫ﻳﻮِﻟﻴﻮ‬

‫َﺗّﻤﻮز‬

‫أوت‬ ‫ﺳْﺒِﺘْﻤِﺒﺮ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ﻄﺲ‬ ‫ﺴ ُ‬ ‫أُﻏ ْ‬ ‫ﺳْﺒِﺘْﻤِﺒﺮ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫آب‬ ‫أْﻳﻠﻮل‬

‫‪October‬‬

‫أْﻛﺘﻮِﺑﺮ‬

‫أْﻛﺘﻮِﺑﺮ‬

‫ِﺗ ْ‬ ‫ﺸِﺮﻳﻦ اﻷ َّول‬

‫‪November‬‬

‫ُﻧﻮِﻓْﻤِﺒﺮ‬

‫ُﻧﻮِﻓْﻤِﺒﺮ‬

‫ﺸِﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟَﺜﺎِﻧﻲ ِﺗ ْ‬

‫‪December‬‬

‫ﺳْﻤِﺒﺮ‬ ‫ِد ِ‬

‫ﺳْﻤِﺒﺮ‬ ‫ِد ِ‬

‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮن اﻷ َّول‬

‫‪August‬‬ ‫‪September‬‬

‫‪Islamic‬‬

‫َ‬ ‫ﺷ َّﻮال‬

‫‪10.‬‬

‫ﺟﺐ‬ ‫َر َ‬

‫‪7.‬‬

‫َرِﺑﻴﻊ اﻟّﺜﺎِﻧﻲ‬

‫‪4.‬‬

‫ُﻣ َ‬ ‫ﺤ َّﺮم‬

‫‪1.‬‬

‫ذو اﻟَﻘْﻌﺪة‬

‫‪11.‬‬

‫ﺷْﻌﺒﺎن‬ ‫َ‬

‫‪8.‬‬

‫ﺟﻤﺎَدى اﻷوَﻟﻰ‬ ‫ُ‬

‫‪5.‬‬

‫ﺻَﻔﺮ‬ ‫َ‬

‫‪2.‬‬

‫‪ (month‬ذو اﻟ ِ‬ ‫ﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺤ َّ‬

‫‪12.‬‬

‫‪َ (month of‬رَﻣﻀﺎن‬

‫‪9.‬‬

‫ﺧﻴﺮة‬ ‫ﺟﻤﺎَدى اﻷ ِ‬ ‫ُ‬

‫‪6.‬‬

‫َرِﺑﻴﻎ اﻷ َّول‬

‫‪3.‬‬

‫)‪fasting‬‬

‫)‪of the pilgrimage‬‬

‫)‪Coptic (Egypt‬‬

‫َﺑﺆوﻧﺔ‬

‫‪10.‬‬

‫َﺑْﺮَﻣَﻬﺎت‬

‫‪7.‬‬

‫ِﻛﻴَﻬﻚ ‪ِ,‬ﻛَﻴَﻬﻚ‬

‫‪4.‬‬

‫ﺗﻮت‬

‫‪1.‬‬

‫أِﺑﻴﺐ‬

‫‪11.‬‬

‫َﺑْﺮﻣﻮدة‬

‫‪8.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫َ‬

‫‪5.‬‬

‫ﺑﺎِﺑﻪ‬

‫‪2.‬‬

‫ﺴَﺮى‬ ‫ِﻣ ْ‬

‫‪12.‬‬

‫ﺸْﻨﺶ‬ ‫َﺑ َ‬

‫‪9.‬‬

‫ﺸﻴﺮ‬ ‫أْﻣ ِ‬

‫‪6.‬‬

‫ﻫﺎﺗﻮر‬

‫‪3.‬‬

GEOGRAPHY

165

Geography Natural geography

‫ﺟَﻮف‬ ْ ‫أ‬ f. ‫ﻮﻓﺎء‬ ْ‫ﺟ‬ َ , pl. ‫ﺟﻮف‬ ُ ‫ﺣُﻔﻮر‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫أﺣﺎِﻓﻴ‬ ‫ﺧِﺒﻴﻞ‬ َ ‫أْر‬ ‫أْرض‬ pl. ‫أراض‬ ‫ُأْﻓﻖ‬ pl. ‫آﻓﺎق‬ ‫إْﻗﻔﺎر‬

hollow (adj.)

fossil

ِ ‫ﺟﺎِذﺑ َّﻴﺔ أْر‬ ‫ﺿ َّﻴﺔ‬

gravity

horizon

‫ﺟَﺒﻞ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺟﺒﺎل‬ ِ

desolateness

‫ﺟْﺪَول‬ َ ِ ‫ﺟﺪا‬ َ pl. ‫ول‬

lake

isthmus

volcano

pool

plain, flatland

‫ُﺑْﻌﺪ‬

remoteness

‫ﺑﺌﺮ‬

well

pl. ‫آﺑﺎر‬, ‫ﺑﺌﺎر‬

hillock

earth (planet)

land (< > sea)

‫ﻄﺤﺎء‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬ pl. ‫ِﺑﻄﺎح‬, ‫ﺤﻮات‬

‫َﺗّﻞ‬

sand dune

‫َﺑّﺮ‬

‫ِﺑْﺮﻛﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺮك‬ َ ‫ِﺑ‬

desertification

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺗﻞّ َرْﻣِﻠ‬

full moon

‫ُﺑْﺮﻛﺎن‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫َﺑﺮاِﻛﻴ‬

‫ﺤﺮ‬ ‫ﺼ ﱡ‬ َ ‫َﺗ‬

archipelago

‫َﺑْﺪر‬

‫َﺑْﺮَزخ‬ pl. ‫خ‬ ُ ‫َﺑﺮاِز‬

tsunami

pl. ‫ِﺗﻼل‬

‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬ sea ُ ‫ُﺑ‬, ‫أْﺑﺤﺎر‬ pl.‫ِﺑﺤﺎر‬, ‫ﺤﻮر‬ ‫ﺤْﻴﺮة‬ َ ‫ُﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﺑﺤﺎﺋ‬

‫ﺗﺴﻮﻧﺎِﻣﻲ‬

‫ﺟْﺮف‬ ُ ُ , ‫ﺟﺮاف‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺮوف‬ ُ‫ﺟ‬

mountain

brook, rivulet

cliff, precipice

‫ﺟَﺰَر‬ َ (i, u)

to ebb

‫ﺟْﺰر‬ َ

ebb

‫ﺟِﺰﻳﺮة‬ َ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺰاﺋ‬ ُ َ

island

‫ﺟُﻨﻮب‬ َ

south

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟِّﻮ‬ َ ‫ﺠﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

meteor

‫ﺣْﻔﺮ‬ َ

excavation (archaeology)

‫ﺣْﻔَﺮة‬ ُ ُ pl. ‫ﺣَﻔﺮ‬

pit

‫اﻟﺨﺎِرج‬

the outside world

َ (i, u) ‫ﺧَّﺮ‬

to purl (water)

‫ﺳِﺘﻮاء‬ ْ ‫ﺧﻂّ اِﻻ‬ َ

the Equator

‫ﺧِﻠﻴﺞ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺧْﻠﺠﺎن‬ ُ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺨِﻠﻴﺞ اﻟَﻌَﺮِﺑ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

gulf, bay

the Persian Gulf

166

GEOGRAPHY

‫اﻟ َّﺪْﻟﺘﺎ‬

the Nile Delta

‫ﺷْﺮق‬ َ

east

‫َدَوار‬

whirlpool, vortex

‫ﺷﻤﺎل‬ َ

north

‫ﺷْﻤﺲ‬ َ

sun

‫رأس‬ ُ pl. ‫رؤوس‬

cape

ُ ‫ﺷ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻤﻮش‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳﺐ َﻏِﺮﻳِﻨ‬ ِ ‫را‬

alluvial deposit

‫ُرﻣﺎد‬

ash

‫َرْﻣﻞ‬

‫َزْﻟَﺰﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﺎ‬ ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻮا‬ َ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﺳّﺪ‬ َ

to pour forth (water)

‫ﺤﺮاء‬ ْ ‫ﺻ‬ َ

desert

sand

َ ‫ﺻﺤﺎ‬ َ , ‫ﺻﺤﺎِر‬ َ , ‫ﺤَﺮوات‬ ْ ‫ﺻ‬ َ pl. ‫رى‬

froth (sea)

‫ﺨﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺻ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺨﻮر‬ ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ُ

earthquake

‫ﺻَﺪف‬ َ (coll.) ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺻﺪاف‬

ِ pl. ‫رﻣﺎل‬ ‫َزَﺑﺪ‬ ْ‫أ‬ pl. ‫زﺑﺎد‬

َ (i) ‫ﺐ‬ َّ ‫ﺻ‬

shore, coast

‫ﺣﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺿﺎ‬ pl. ‫ح‬ ٍ ‫ﺿﻮا‬ َ

rock, cliff

seashells

surroundings

dam

‫ﺤﻀﺎج‬ ْ ‫ﺿ‬ َ

shallow

‫ﻄﺢ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ َ

َ ‫ﺿ َّﻔﺔ‬

bank (river)

surface

ِ pl. ‫ﺿﻔﺎف‬

‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻄﺢ اﻟَﺒ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ َ

sea level

‫ﻃِﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬ َ

nature

foot (mountain)

‫ﻃْﻤﻰ‬ َ

alluvial mud

mountain chain

‫ﻋﺎَﻟﻢ‬ ُ ‫ﻋﺎَﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﻤﻮن‬

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺳﺪاد‬

‫ﺳْﻔﺢ‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﺳُﻔﻮح‬ ‫ﺠﺒﺎل‬ ِ ‫ﺴﻠﺔ اﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﺳْﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻤﺎء‬ َ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻤﻮات‬ ‫ﺳْﻬﻞ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻬﻮل‬ ُ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﺷﺎﻃﺊ‬ pl. ‫ﺊ‬ ُ ‫ﺷﻮاﻃ‬ َ

sky

plain

shore, beach

‫ﺟِﺰﻳﺮة‬ َ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬ ِ

peninsula

‫ﺷْﺒﻪ ﻗﺎرة‬ َ

subcontinent

َّ ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﻼل‬

waterfall

pl. ‫ات‬-

world

‫ﻋﺎِﻣﺮ‬

inhabited

‫َﻋِﻘﻴﻖ‬

gorge, ravine

ِ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻋَﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﺎﺑﺔ‬

forest

‫َﻏْﺮب‬

west

‫َﻏْﻮط‬

cavity, depression

ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ُﻏﻮط‬, ‫ِﻏﻴﺎط‬, ‫ِﻏﻴﻄﺎن‬ pl. ‫ﻏﻮاط‬ ‫َﻓْﺮع‬ pl. ‫ﺮوع‬ ُ ‫ُﻓ‬

tributary (river)

GEOGRAPHY

167

‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻄﺢ اﻟَﺒ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ َ َ‫َﻓْﻮق‬

above sea level

‫ﻣﺎء َﻋْﺬب‬

fresh water

‫َﻓَﻴﻀﺎن‬

flood

‫ﻣﺎء ﻣﺎِﻟﺢ‬

salty water

‫ﻗﺎرة‬

continent

‫ى‬ ‫ﺠﺮ ﹰ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ر‬ ٍ ‫َﻣﺠﺎ‬

current (stream)

‫ﻗﺎع‬ bottom (e.g. sea) ُ ‫أْﻗ‬, ‫أْﻗﻮاع‬ pl. ‫ِﻗﻴﻌﺎن‬, ‫ﻮع‬

‫ﺤﻴﻂ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣ‬

ocean

‫ﻗﺎع اﻟ َّﻨْﻬﺮ‬

river bed

‫َﻣّﺪ‬

rise (water)

‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻗﺎع اﻟَﺒ‬

sea bed

‫ﺠْﺪى‬ َ ‫َﻣﺪار اﻟ‬

Tropic of Capricorn

‫َﻗﺮارة‬

depression

َّ ‫َﻣﺪار اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴَﺮﻃﺎن‬

Tropic of Cancer

village

‫ُﻣَﺬَّﻧﺐ‬

comet

‫ُﻣْﺮَﺗَﻔﻌﺎت‬

heights

‫َﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬

area, surface

‫َﻗْﺮﻳﺔ‬ pl. ‫ى‬ ‫ُﻗﺮ ﹰ‬ ‫ﻄﺐ‬ ْ ‫ُﻗ‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﻄﺎب‬

pole

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺠُﻨﻮِﺑ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﺐ اﻟ‬

the South Pole

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺸﻤﺎِﻟ‬ َّ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﺐ اﻟ‬

the North Pole

‫َﻗْﻔﺮ‬ pl. ‫ِﻗﻔﺎر‬ ‫ِﻗ َّﻤﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻤﻢ‬ َ ‫ِﻗ‬ ‫َﻗَﻤﺮ‬ pl. ‫ر‬ ُ ‫أْﻗﻤﺎ‬ ‫َﻗﻨﺎة‬ pl. ‫َﻗَﻨﻮات‬

wasteland

‫ﺴَﺘْﻨَﻘﻊ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

summit (mountain)

‫ﺸِﺮق‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

moon

‫ﺐ‬ ّ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ب‬ ّ ‫َﻣﺼﺎ‬

canal

‫ﻀَﻴﻖ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻀﺎﺋ‬, ‫ﻖ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻀﺎﻳ‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬

‫ﻃِﺒﻴِﻌّﻴﺔ‬ َ ‫ﻛﺎِرﺛﺔ‬

natural disaster

‫ﺿَﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫اﻟُﻜَﺮة اﻷْر‬

the globe

‫َﻛِﺜﻴﺐ‬ dune pl. ‫ﻛِﺜﺒﺔ‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ُﻛُﺜﺐ‬, ‫ُﻛْﺜﺒﺎن‬ ‫ﺴﻮف‬ ُ ‫ُﻛ‬ ‫َﻛْﻬﻒ‬ ُ ‫ُﻛ‬ pl. ‫ﻬﻮف‬ ‫ﻣﺎء‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻴﺎه‬ ِ

‫َﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫وف‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺴﺎ‬

‫ﻄَﺮح‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ح‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻄﺎِر‬

distance

marsh, swamp

East mouth (river)

strait, isthmus

location, site

‫َﻣْﻐِﺮب‬

West

‫ُﻣْﻘِﻔﺮ‬

deserted, forsaken

‫ﺨَﺘﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣْﻘﻴﺎس ِرﻳ‬

the Richter scale

eclipse, solar eclipse cave

water

‫ﺤَﺪر‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻨ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃِﺒﻴِﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻈﺮ‬ َ ‫َﻣْﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻃِﺒﻴ‬ َ ُ‫ﻇﺮ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻨﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻌ َّﻴﺔ‬

slope

landscape

168

‫ُﻣْﻮﺟﺔ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻮاج‬ ‫( َﻧَﺒﻊ‬a, i,u) ‫ﺠﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﻧ‬ ُ ‫ُﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﺠﻮم‬ ‫َﻧْﻬﺮ‬ ُ ‫أْﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺎِوﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺋﺞ‬

GEOGRAPHY wave

‫ﻀﺒﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻫ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﻫﻀﺎب‬

hill

to originate (river)

‫ﻃْﻠﻖ‬ َ ‫َﻫﻮاء‬

open air

star

‫ﺿّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻫّﺰة أْر‬

earth tremor

‫واﺣﺔ‬

oasis

river

abyss rough (sea)

‫واٍد‬ pl. ‫دﻳﺎن‬ ْ ‫ِو‬, ‫ِوْدﻳﺎن‬ ‫ﺣﻞ‬ ْ ‫َو‬

valley

mud

ُ ‫ُو‬, ‫أْوﺣﺎل‬ pl. ‫ﺣﻮل‬

Urban geography

‫ِزﺣﺎم‬

‫ﺣَﻢ‬ َ ‫ِاْزَد‬

to be crowded

‫أﻗﺎم‬

to reside, live

‫ِاْﻛِﺘﻈﺎظ‬

overpopulation

‫ُزﻗﺎق‬ ِ‫أ‬ pl. ‫زَّﻗﺔ‬

tower

‫ﺳﺎﺣﺔ‬

‫ُﺑْﺮج‬ pl. ‫أْﺑﺮاج‬ ‫َﺑَﻠﺪ‬

town

pl. ‫ِﺑﻼد‬

‫َﺑَﻠِﺪ َّﻳﺔ‬ ‫ِﺗْﻤﺜﺎل‬ ُ ‫َﺗﻤﺎِﺛﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﺴﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ

municipality statue

bridge

ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺴﻮر‬

‫ﺷﺎِرع‬ ُ ‫ﺷﻮاِر‬ َ pl. ‫ع‬

crowd alley, lane

square street

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺴ‬ ِ ‫ﺷﺎِرع رﺋﻴ‬

high street

‫ﺣﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺿﺎ‬

city outskirts, suburb

pl. ‫ح‬ ِ ‫ﺿﻮا‬ َ

‫ﺿِّﻴﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺻﻤﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫َﻋﻮا‬

narrow capital

ْ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﺴﺮ ُﻣَﻌ َّﻠﻖ‬

suspension bridge

‫ﺣِﺪﻳﻘﺔ‬ َ

garden, park

‫ﻋﺎﺋﻖ‬ ُ ‫ﻋﻮاﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﻖ‬

zoo

‫ﻄﻔﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻋ‬

side street, alley

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﻗَﺮِو‬

villager

pl. ‫ﻖ‬ ُ ‫ﺣﺪاﺋ‬ َ

‫ﺤَﻴﻮان‬ َ ‫ﺣﺪﻳﻘﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺣﻴﺎء‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻒ‬ ِ ‫َر‬ ِ ‫أْر‬ pl. ‫ﺻﻔﺔ‬

city district

pavement

‫َﻗْﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ُﻗﺮ ﹰ‬ pl. ‫ى‬

obstacle

village

TRAVEL AND MOBILITY region, country

‫ﺣﻢ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣْﺰَد‬

‫ﺴَّﻜﺎن‬ ُّ ‫َﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﻟ‬

population density

‫ﺼِﺮف‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ف‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺼﺎِر‬

‫ﻻِﻓﺘﺔ‬

sign

‫ﻃﻌﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻣﻘﺎ‬

‫ﻄﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﻄﺎر‬

‫ى‬ ‫ﺠﺮ ﹰ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫رى‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺠﺎ‬ ‫َﻣْﺮَﻛﺰ اﻟَﻤِﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫َﻣِﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ُ ‫ُﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺪن‬

sewer

city centre city

‫ﻧﺎُﻓﻮرة‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻧﻮاِﻓﻴ‬ ‫ﺠﻊ‬ ْ ‫َﻧ‬ pl. ‫ﺠﻮع‬ ُ ‫ُﻧ‬

169 overcrowded drain

province fountain

hamlet

‫ﺳﻊ‬ ِ ‫وا‬

wide

to slow down

‫أْﻗَﺒَﻞ‬

to go near

direction

‫أ َّﻛَﺪ‬

to confirm (e.g. flight)

‫ِاْﻟْﺘﺤﺎق‬

connections

pull (door)

‫ِاْﻧَﺘِﺒﻪ‬

WATCH OUT!

foreigner

‫ﺤﻰ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧَﺘ‬

to turn

‫ف‬ َ ‫ﺼَﺮ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧ‬

to leave, depart

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ِاْﻧَﻘَﻠ‬

to get knocked over

‫ﺨْﻴﻤﺔ‬ َ ‫أْوﺗﺎد اﻟ‬

tent pegs

‫ت‬ َ ‫( ﺑﺎ‬i)

to spend the night

‫ﻄﺆ‬ ُ ‫( َﺑ‬u)

to be slow

Travel and mobility General

‫أْﺑﻄﺎء‬ ‫ِاِّﺗﺠﺎه‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﺟَﺬب‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺟَﻨِﺒ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫أﺟﺎِﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﺧَﺘَﺘﻢَ ِزﻳﺎَرًة‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to conclude a visit

‫َأْدَﻓﻊ‬

push (door)

‫ﺳِﺘْﻌﻼم‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

enquiry

‫ﺳَﺘْﻔَﻬَﻢ ﻋﻦ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to inquire about

‫ﺳِﺘْﻘﺒﺎل‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

reception

‫ﺳِﺘﻤﺎرة‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

form

َ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻃﻞَّ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to look out onto (e.g. room)

far ‫َﺑِﻌﻴﺪ‬ pl. ‫ﻌﺪاء‬ َ ‫ُﺑ‬, ‫ُﺑْﻌﺪ‬, ‫ُﺑْﻌﺪان‬, ‫ِﺑﻌﺎد‬

‫إﻋﺎدة اﻟﻤﺎل‬

refund

‫ﻰ‬ َ ‫( َﺑِﻘ‬a)

to stay, remain

‫إﻗﺎﻣﺔ‬

stay

‫( َﺑَﻠَﻎ‬u)

to reach

‫ﻄﻰء‬ ِ ‫َﺑ‬ pl. ‫ِﺑﻄﺎء‬

slow

170

TRAVEL AND MOBILITY

َّ ‫َﺑْﻴﺖ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸﺒﺎب‬

youth hostel

ِ ‫ﺟْﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ َّﻴﺔ‬

nationality

‫َﺗﺄﺧﻴﺮ‬

delay

ِ ْ ‫ﺟْﻨﺴَّﻴﺔ َأ‬ ‫ﺻِﻠ َّﻴﺔ‬

nationality at birth

‫ﺷﻴﺮة‬ ِ ‫َﺗﺄ‬

visa

َّ ‫ﺟﻮاز اﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺴَﻔﺮ‬

passport

‫( َﺗَﺒَﻊ‬u)

to follow

‫ﺟْﻮﻟﺔ‬ َ

tour, journey

‫ﺠْﻤَﺮَك‬ َ ‫َﺗ‬

to declare (to customs)

‫ﺠَﺰ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ (u, i)

to reserve, to book

‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

underneath, below

‫ﺠﺰ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ

reservation

‫ﺤِﺬﻳﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

WARNING!

‫ﺣِﺬَر‬ َ (a, i)

to be cautious

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺤَّﺮَك‬

to move, be in motion

‫ﺣِﺬر‬ َ

cautious

‫ﺨِﻴﻴﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

camping

‫ﺣْﺬر‬ ِ

caution, watchfulness

souvenir

‫ﺣﺬاِرى ﻣﻦ‬ َ

BEWARE OF . . .

َ َ ‫ﺣَّﺮ‬ ‫ك‬

to move (trans.)

‫ﺣَﺰَم‬ َ (i)

to tie up, bundle

‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫ﺣﺼ‬ َ (coll.)

pebbles

‫َﺗْﺬﻛﺎر‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫َﺗْﺬِﻛﺮة‬

ticket

pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﺗﺬاِﻛ‬

َّ ‫َﺗَﻌ‬ َ‫ﺠﻞ‬ ‫َﺗْﻘِﻠﻴﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﺗﻘﺎِﻟﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬

to be in a hurry tradition

‫ﺟﻪَ إَﻟﻰ‬ َّ ‫َﺗَﻮ‬

to head for

‫( ﺟﺎء‬i)

to come

‫ب‬ ِ ‫ﺟﺎء‬

to bring

‫ب‬ ٍ ‫ﺟﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺟﺒﺎة‬ ُ ‫ﺟْﺪَول‬ َ ِ ‫ﺟﺪا‬ َ pl. ‫ول‬

conductor (bus)

schedule

‫ﺣﻘﻴﺒﺔ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺣﻘﺎﺋ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺐ‬

suitcase

َ ‫ﺣَّﻤﺎل‬

porter

‫ﺣَﻤَﻞ‬ َ (i)

to carry

‫ﺧﺎِرج‬

outside (prep.)

‫ص‬ ّ ‫ﺧﺎ‬

private

‫ﺧﺎٍل‬

free, available

‫ﺧْﺪﻣﺔ‬ ِ

service

‫ﺧْﺪﻣﺔ اﻟُﻐَﺮف‬ ِ

room service

َ ‫ﺟَﺮَﺑْﻨِﺪ َّﻳﺔ‬

knapsack

َ ‫ﺧَﺮ‬ ‫ج‬ َ (u)

to go out

‫ﺟَﺮى‬ َ (i)

to run

‫ﺧﺮوج‬ ُ

exit

‫ﺧِﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬ َ

map

‫ﺟْﻤُﺮك‬ ُ ُ ‫ﺟﻤﺎِر‬ َ pl. ‫ك‬ ‫ﺟْﻨﺲ‬ ِ

customs

ُ ‫ﺧﺮاﺋ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻂ‬ sex

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺧْﻠ‬ َ

behind

TRAVEL AND MOBILITY

‫ﺧْﻴﻤﺔ‬ َ

tent

pl.‫ﺧَﻴﻢ‬ ِ

171

َ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﺮ ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺨ َّﻴﻢ‬

camp bed

‫ﺳﺮﻳﺮ ُﻣْﺰَدِوج‬

double bed

‫ﻼ‬ ً ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫دا‬

inside (adv.)

‫( داَر‬u)

to turn around

‫ﺧَﻞ‬ َ ‫( َد‬u)

to enter

‫ُدﺧﻮل‬

entrance

‫ﺧﻮل َﻣﺠﺎﻧًﺎ‬ ُ ‫اﻟُّﺪ‬

free admission/access

‫ﺷْﻜِﻠﻴﺎت‬ َ

formalities

‫َدَرﺟﺔ‬

class (e.g. train, plane)

‫ﺷﻤﺎل‬ ِ

left (direction)

‫ﺴﻔﺮ‬ َّ ‫َدِﻟﻴﻞ اﻟ‬

travel guide

‫ﺳِﺮﻳﻊ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺳﺮاع‬ ِ , ‫ﺳْﺮﻋﺎن‬ ُ ‫ﺳَﻔَﺮ‬ َ (i) ‫ﺳَﻔﺮ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺳﻔﺎر‬ ْ ‫أ‬

journey, trip

1. bag 2. rucksack, backpack

‫دﻟﻴﻞ اﻟَﻌﻨﺎِوﻳﻦ‬

address book

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫( َذَﻫ‬a)

to go

َ ‫ﺷ َّﻘﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺷَﻘﻖ‬ ِ

explorer

to travel

‫ﺷْﻨﻄﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺷَﻨﻂ‬ ُ

‫راﺋﺪ‬ pl. ‫واد‬ َّ ‫ُر‬

quick

flat (apartment)

‫ف‬ َ ‫ﺻَﺮ‬ َ (i)

to change (money)

‫راﺋﺪ اﻟَﻔﻀﺎء‬

astronaut

‫ﺻَﻌَﺪ‬ َ (a)

to climb

‫ﺟَﻊ‬ َ ‫( َر‬i)

to return

َ ‫( ﺿﺎ‬i) ‫ع‬

to lose one’s way

‫ﺣَﻠﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِر‬

journey

‫ﻃَﻠﻊ‬ َ (u)

to go up, ascend

‫ﺻْﻴﺪ‬ َ ‫رﺣﻠﺔ‬

safari

‫ﻃﻮل‬ ُ

length

‫ﺠْﻤُﺮك‬ ُ ‫ﺳﻢ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫َر‬

customs duty

‫( ﻋﺎَد‬u)

see ‫رﺟﻊ‬

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫( َزِﻟ‬a)

to slip, slide

‫ح‬ َ ‫( ﺳﺎ‬u)

to travel around

‫ﺳﺎَﻋَﺪ‬

to help

‫ع‬ ٍ ‫ﺳﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺳﻌﺎة‬ ُ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﺢ‬ ُ ُ , ‫ﺳَّﻮاح‬ pl. ‫ﺳﻴﺎح‬

delivery boy, porter

tourist

‫ع‬ َ ‫ﺳُﺮ‬ َ (u)

to be quick, to hurry

‫ﻃﻔﺎل‬ ْ ‫ﺳِﺮﻳﺮ اﻷ‬ َ

cot

‫ﻋﺎدة‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻮاﺋ‬

custom, habit

‫ﻋﺎٍل‬

high

‫ﺨْﻴﻤﺔ‬ َ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻮد اﻟ‬

tent pole

‫( َﻋَﺒَﺮ‬u)

to cross

‫( َﻋَﺜَﺮ‬u)

to stumble

‫َﻋَﺜﺮَ َﻋﻠﻰ‬

to find, discover

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺠِﺮ‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﺠﺮ‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬

gipsy

172

TRAVEL AND MOBILITY

‫َﻋِﺮﻳﺾ‬

broad

‫َﻟ َّﻮحَ إﻟﻰ‬

to wave at (someone)

‫َﻋْﺮض‬

width, breadth

‫ﻟﻮﻛﺎْﻧَﺪه‬

guesthouse

‫َﻋِﺮﻳﻖ‬

deep-rooted (e.g. tradition)

‫ﺷْﺮب‬ ُ ‫ﻣﺎء‬

drinking water

luggage

‫َﻣِﺒﻴﺖ‬

overnight stay

‫ﺤﺠﻮز‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

reserved

hand luggage

‫ﺤَﻔﻈﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

wallet

‫َﻋﻠﻰ اﻷَﻗّﻞ‬

at least

ُ ‫َﻣﺤﺎِﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﻆ‬

‫َﻋﻠﻰ اﻷْﻛَﺜﺮ‬

at most

‫ُﻋْﻤﻖ‬

َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺨَّﻴﻢ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

depth

‫َﻋْﻔﺶ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻋﻔﻮش‬ ‫َﻋْﻔﺶ اﻟَﻴﺪ‬

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻤﺎق‬ ‫َﻋِﻤﻴﻖ‬

deep

‫ﻏﺎَدَر‬

to depart

‫ُﻏْﺮﻓﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻏ‬ pl. ‫ﺮف‬

room

campsite

‫( َﻣ َّﺮ‬u)

to pass

‫ُﻣﺮاِﻓﻖ‬

accompanying person

‫ﺸﺎﻃﻰء‬ َ ‫ُﻣﺮاِﻗﺐ اﻟ‬

beach guard

‫ﺷﺪ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣْﺮ‬

guide

‫ُﻣﺴﺎِﻓﺮ‬

traveller

َّ ‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻄﻌﺎم‬

dining room

‫ُﻣﺴﺎَﻋﺪة‬

help, assistance

‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ ُﻣْﻔَﺮدة‬

single room

‫ﺴَﺘﻮى‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

level

‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ ُﻣْﺰَدِوﺟﺔ‬

double room

‫ﺸﻰ‬ َ ‫( َﻣ‬i)

to walk

‫ق‬ َ ‫( َﻏِﺮ‬a)

to drown

‫َﻏْﻴﺮ ُﻣِﻘﻴﻢ‬

non-resident

‫ق‬ َ ‫َﻓْﻮ‬

above, on top

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِﻓﺮاش َﻫﻮاﺋ‬

air mattress

‫ُﻓْﻨُﺪق‬ ُ ‫َﻓﻨﺎِد‬ pl. ‫ق‬ ‫َﻓْﻮج‬ pl. ‫أْﻓﻮاج‬

hotel

group

‫َﻗِﺮﻳﺐ‬

close, near

‫( َﻗَﻌَﺪ‬u)

to sit

‫ﻛﻴﺲ اﻟ َّﻨْﻮم‬

sleeping bag

‫ﺼَﻌﺪ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺼﺎِﻋ‬

lift

ِ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﻄَّﻠﺔ َﻋﻠﻰ‬

with a view of (room)

‫ُﻣْﻐَﻠﻖ‬

CLOSED

‫َﻣْﻔﺘﻮح‬

OPEN

‫ُﻣِﻘﻴﻢ‬

resident

‫َﻣﻜﺎن‬

place

ِ ‫أْﻣ‬, ‫أﻣﺎِﻛُﻦ‬ pl. ‫ﻜﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻴﻢ‬ ْ ‫َﻣْﻜَﺘﺐ َﺗ‬ ‫اﻟُﻌﻔﻮش‬ ‫َﻣْﻜَﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﺳِﺘْﻌﻼﻣﺎت‬ ْ ‫اِﻻ‬

left-luggage office information desk, enquiry office

TRAVEL AND MOBILITY

‫ﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ِّ ‫َﻣْﻜَﺘﺐ اﻟ‬

1. travel agency 2. tourist agency

‫ﺠَﻮ‬ ْ ‫َﻧ‬ ‫( َﻧَﺰَل‬i)

173 towards 1. to descend

َ ‫َﻣﻼﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺟِّﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

aviation

‫ﺨُﺮوج‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻤُﻨﻮع اﻟ‬

NO EXIT

‫ﺧﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫َﻣْﻤُﻨﻮع اﻟَّﺘْﺪ‬

NO SMOKING

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺼﺐ َﺗْﺬﻛﺎِر‬ ْ ‫َﻧ‬

monument

َ ‫َﻣْﻤُﻨﻮع اﻟ َّﺘ‬ ‫ﺴ ُّﻠﻖ‬

NO CLIMBING

‫( َﻧَﻘَﺬ‬u)

to save, rescue

‫ﺼﻮﻳﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻣْﻤﻨﻮع اﻟَّﺘ‬

NO PHOTOGRAPHS

‫( َﻫَّﺰ‬u)

to shake

‫ﺧﻮل‬ ُ ‫ﻣﻤﻨﻮع اﻟُّﺪ‬

NO ENTRY

‫ُﻫﻨﺎ‬

here

‫َﻣْﻤﻨﻮع َﻗﻄﻴﻌًﺎ‬

STRICTLY FORBIDDEN

‫ُﻫﻨﺎَك‬

there

‫َﻣْﻤﻨﻮع اﻟَﻠْﻤﺲ‬

DO NOT TOUCH

‫َوَﺗﺪ‬

tent peg

etc.)

‫ﺨِﻔﺾ‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻨ‬

low

‫ﺳِﺘﺮاﺣﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻣْﻨَﺰل ِا‬

resthouse

‫( َﻣَﻬَﻞ‬a)

to tarry

‫ﻼ‬ ً ‫َﻣَﻬ‬

slowly

َّ ‫َﻣْﻮِﻋﺪ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴَﻔﺮ‬ pl. -‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻮاِﻋ‬ َ ‫َﻣْﻮِﻗﻊ ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺨ َّﻴﻢ‬

2. to disembark (car, train,

departure time

camping site

3. to dismount (horse)

pl. ‫وﺗﺎد‬ ْ‫أ‬

َّ ‫َوﺛﻴﻘﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴْﻔﺮ‬ َ pl. -‫وﺛﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﺳﻂ‬ َ ‫َو‬ ْ‫أ‬ pl. ‫وﺳﺎط‬

travel document

middle

‫ﺼُﻞ( إﻟﻰ‬ ِ ‫ﺻﻞَ )َﻳ‬ َ ‫َو‬

to arrive in

‫َوﺻﻮل‬

arrival

ُ ‫ُو‬ pl. ‫ﺻﻮﻻت‬ (‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫َوَﻗﻒَ )َﻳِﻘ‬

to stop

‫َﻳِﻤﻴﻦ‬

right (direction)

1. communication

‫ﺳَﺘَﻌَﻠَﻢ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to ask for information

2. contact, connection

َ ‫أﺷﺎ‬ ‫ع‬

to disseminate (news)

‫ﺼﻞَ ب‬ َ ‫إ َّﺗ‬

to telephone someone

‫إْﻣﻀﺎء‬

signature

‫ﺟﺮة اﻟَﺒِﺮﻳﺪ‬ ْ ‫ُأ‬

postage

‫ﻀﻰ‬ َ ‫أْﻣ‬

to sign

‫ﺧَﺒَﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to notify

‫ﺻَﻞ‬ َ ‫أْو‬

to put through (a phone call)

‫ﺳَﻞ‬ َ ‫أْر‬

to send (e.g. letter)

‫َﺑْﺮِﻗ َّﻴﺔ‬

telegram

‫ﻄﻮرات‬ ُ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﻟَﻤْﻘ‬ َّ ‫اﻟ‬ َ‫ﺴﻜَِﻨّﻴﺔ‬

trailer park

Communications

‫إ َّﺗﺼﻞ‬

174

‫َﺑِﺮﻳﺪ‬ pl. ‫ﺮد‬ ُ ‫ُﺑ‬

TRAVEL AND MOBILITY post, mail

‫ﺷﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻂ ُﻣﺒﺎ‬ ّ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺳَﻞ‬ َ ‫را‬

َ ‫اﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺠِّﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

air mail

َّ ‫اﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴِﺮﻳﻊ‬

express mail

‫( َرَزَم‬u)

‫ﺸﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬

good news, glad tidings

‫ﺚ‬ َ ‫( َﺑَﻌ‬a)

‫ِرْزﻣﺔ‬ َ ‫ِر‬ pl. ‫زم‬

to send, dispatch

‫َﺑ َّﻠَﻎ‬

to inform

‫ﺳَﻞ‬ َ ‫َﺗﺮا‬

to exchange letters with one another

‫ﺠﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

registering (mail)

‫ِرﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫رﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬

direct line to correspond, exchange letters to wrap parcel, package

letter

َ ‫ِرﺳﺎﻟﺔ ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺠﻠﺔ‬ َّ ‫ﺴ‬

registered letter

‫َرْﻗﻢ اﻟﻬﺎِﺗﻒ‬

telephone number

‫َرْﻗﻢ اﻟﻔﺎﻛﺲ‬

fax number

‫َرْﻣﺰ اﻟَﺒِﺮﻳﺪ‬

postal code, ZIP code

‫َﺗْﻌِﺮﻳﻔﺔ َﺑِﺮﻳِﺪ َّﻳﺔ‬

postal rates

‫َﺗْﻌِﻠﻴﻖ‬

commentary

‫ﺗﻠﻴﻔﻮن‬

telephone

ُ pl. -‫ﺳﻌﺎة‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳْﻠِﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﺗﻠﻴﻔﻮن ﻻ‬

cordless phone

َّ ‫ﺳ‬ َ َ‫ﺠﻞ‬

to register (a letter)

‫ﺤُﻤﻮل‬ ْ ‫ﺗﻠﻴﻔﻮن َﻣ‬

mobile phone

َ ‫ﺳَّﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬

(telephone) receiver

‫َﺗْﻮِﻗﻴﻊ‬

see ‫إﻣﻀﺎء‬

‫ﺣﺐ ااﻹْﻣﻀﺎء‬ ِ ‫ﺻﺎ‬

the undersigned

‫َﺛَﻤﻦ اﻟُﻤﻜﺎَﻟﻤﺔ‬

telephone call rate

‫ﺻْﻨُﺪوق اﻟَﺒِﺮﻳﺪ‬ ُ

mailbox

‫ﺟﻮاب‬ َ

reply

‫ﻃﺎِﺑﻊ‬

stamp

pl. -‫ﻣﻮز‬ ُ ‫ُر‬

pl. ‫ﺟِﻮﺑﺔ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ money order

‫ﺧﺎَﺑَﺮ‬

to contact s.o.

‫ﺧْﺘﻢ‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﺧُﺘﻮم‬

news

seal

‫ﺧْﺘﻢ اﻟَﺒِﺮﻳﺪ‬ َ

postmark

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻂ ِﺗﻠﻴُﻔﻮِﻧ‬ ّ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

telephone line

ُ ‫ﻄﻮط ِﺗِﻠﻴﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻮﻧِّﻴﺔ‬

postman

pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫ﻃﻮاِﺑ‬ َ

‫ﺣّﻮاﻟﺔ اﻟَﺒِﺮﻳﺪ‬ َ

‫ﺧَﺒﺮ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺧﺒﺎر‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﺳﺎِﻋﻲ اﻟَﺒِﺮﻳﺪ‬

‫ﻇْﺮف‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﺮوف‬ ُ‫ﻇ‬ ‫ﻃﺎِﺑﻊ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫ﻃﻮاِﺑ‬ َ

envelope

stamp

‫ﺟﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﺎ‬

urgent

‫ﻋﺎِﻣﻞ اﻟِّﺘِﻠﻴﻔﻮﻧﺎت‬

telephonist

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻋﺎِﻣﻞ َﻓ ِّﻨ‬

technician

‫ُﻋْﻨﻮان‬

address

ُ ‫َﻋَﻨﺎِوﻳ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬

TRAVEL AND MOBILITY

175

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ُﻋْﻨﻮان َﺑْﻴِﺘ‬

home address

َّ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺠﻞ‬

registered

‫َﻋْﻨَﻮَن‬

to address (a letter)

‫ﺸﻐﻮل‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

busy (telephone), taken (seat)

1. fax machine

‫ُﻣَﻌِّﻠﻖ‬

commentator

‫ُﻣﻜﺎَﺗﺒﺎت‬

correspondence

‫ُﻣﻜﺎَﻟﻤﺔ ﺗﻠﻴﻔﻮﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬

telephone conversation

ِ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻟﻤﺔ ﺧﺎِر‬ ‫ﺟ َّﻴﺔ‬

long-distance call

‫ﻣﻜﺎﻟﻤﺔ ُدَوِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

international call

‫ﻓﺎﻛﺲ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

2. facsimile message

‫( َﻓَﺮَز‬i)

to sort

‫ُﻗْﺮص‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﺮاص‬

dial

‫ﻛﺎِﺑﻴﻦ اﻟِّﺘﻠﻴﻔﻮن‬

telephone booth

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ِ ‫( َﻟ‬a)

to stick

‫َﻟْﻮﺣﺔ اﻟَّﺘْﻮِزﻳﻊ‬

switchboard

‫ِﻣْﺬﻳﺎع‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺬاِﻳﻴ‬

microphone

‫َﻣْﻜَﺘﺐ اﻟَﺒِﺮﻳﺪ‬ pl. - ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻜﺎِﺗ‬

post office

َ ‫ِﻣْﻨ‬ ‫ﻄﻘﺔ َﺑِﺮﻳِﺪ َّﻳﺔ‬

postal area

‫ﺻﻼت‬ َ ‫ُﻣﻮا‬

communications

‫ﻇﻒ اﻟَﺒِﺮﻳﺪ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻮ‬

postal worker

‫ﺳﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫ُﻣﺮا‬

correspondence

‫ﺳﻞ إﻟﻴﻪ‬ َ ‫اﻟُﻤْﺮ‬

addressee

‫ﺳﻞ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣْﺮ‬

sender

‫ُﻣْﺮَﻓﻖ ِﺑِﻪ‬

enclosed

‫ُﻣْﺮَﻓﻘﺎت‬

enclosures

‫ﺠﻞ‬ َ ‫ﺴَﺘَﻌ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

express

‫َوِﻛﻴﻞ َﻣﻜَْﺘﺐ اﻟَﺒِﺮﻳﺪ‬ َ ‫ُو‬ pl. ‫ﻛﻼُء‬

‫إْﻗﻼع‬

take-off

‫ﺣﻠﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِر‬

flight, journey

‫أْﻗَﻠَﻊ‬

to take off

َ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸِﺮﻛﺔ اﻟَّﻨﺎِﻗﻠﺔ‬

carrier

‫ﺻﻌﻮد‬ ُ ‫ِﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬

boarding pass

‫ﺻﺎِﻟﺢ‬

valid

‫ﺠﺰ‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟ‬

booking status

‫ﻃﺎﺋﺮة‬

aeroplane

‫ﺠﺮة اﻟِﻘﻴﺎدة‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ ُ

cockpit

‫ﺤﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﻃﺎﺋﺮة‬

cargo plane

‫ﺣﺰام اَﻷْﻣﻦ‬ ِ

safety belt

ِ ‫ﻃﺎﺋﺮة ِرﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺿ َّﻴﺔ‬

sports plane

َ ‫ﻄﻮط‬ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ ‫ﺟِّﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

airline

‫ﻃﺎﺋﺮة ِﻣﻴﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

water plane, sea plane

‫ﺤَﻘﺎﺋﺐ‬ َ ‫ُدوﻻب اﻟ‬

luggage locker

‫ﻃَﻠَﻊ‬ َ (a, u)

to board

‫ﻫﺎِﺗﻒ‬ pl. ‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫َﻫﻮاِﺗ‬ ‫ﺻﻼت‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻴﻠﺔ اﻟُﻤﻮا‬ ِ ‫َو‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫َوﺳﺎﺋ‬

see ‫ﺗﻠﻴﻔﻮن‬

means of communication

postmaster

Air

176

TRAVEL AND MOBILITY

َ ‫ﻃ َّﻴﺎر‬

pilot

‫ﻃْﻴﺮان‬ َ

aviation

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃْﻴﺮان َﺑْﻬَﻠﻮاﻧ‬ َ

stunt flying

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺷﺮاِﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻃْﻴﺮان‬ َ

glider flying

‫ﻄﺮار‬ ِ ‫ِﻋْﻨﺪ اِﻻﺿ‬

in case of an emergency

‫اﻟﻘﺎِدﻣﻮن‬

ARRIVALS

َّ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴْﻔﺮ‬

departure hall

‫َﻣْﻨَﻔﺬ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻨﺎِﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﺬ‬

‫ﻗﺎﻋﺔ اﻟُﻮﺻﻮﻻت‬

arrivals hall

‫َﻣْﻨَﻔﺬ اﻟُﻬﺮوب‬

emergency exit

‫ﺠﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ِ ‫ِﻗﻨﺎع أْﻛ‬

oxygen mask

‫َﻣْﻬَﺒﻂ‬

landing strip

‫ﺤِّﺮك‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

pl. ‫ﻂ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻬﺎِﺑ‬

engine

‫ﺤﻘﺎﺋﺐ‬ َ ‫ِﻣﻴﺰان اﻟ‬

baggage scales

runway

‫ُﻧﺰول‬

disembarkation

‫( َﻫَﺒﻂ‬u, i)

to land, touch down

‫ُﻫُﺒﻮط‬

landing

‫َﻣْﺪَرج‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺪاِر‬ pl. ‫ج‬ ‫َﻣﻄﺎر‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻄﺎرات‬

‫ُﻣِﻔﻴﻀﺔ‬

hostess

‫َﻣْﻘَﻌﺪ‬

seat

ُ ‫َﻣﻘﺎِﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬ ‫َﻣﻼﺣﻮن‬

airport

‫ﻀﺪة‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻨ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺪ‬ ُ‫ﺿ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻨﺎ‬

crew table, tray

exit

َ ‫ِﻣ‬ ‫ﻈَّﻠﺔ‬

parachute

‫ﻄﺮار‬ ِ ‫ﻫﺒﻮط اِﻻﺿ‬

emergency landing

‫اﻟُﻤﻐﺎِدرون‬

DEPARTURES

‫ُوﺻﻮل‬

arrival

‫ﺤَﺮ‬ َ ‫أْﺑ‬

to set sail

‫ُﺑﻮﺻﻠﺔ‬

compass

‫إْﻗﻼع‬

sailing, departure

‫ﺴِﺘﻴﻒ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

stowage

‫أْﻗَﻠَﻊ‬

to sail

‫ﺟْﺪَول اﻷْﺑﺤﺎر‬ َ

sailing schedule

‫ﺣَﺮﻛﺔ اﻟَﻤﻼﺣﺔ‬ َ

shipping traffic

ِ ‫ﺣﺰام اﻟَّﻨﺠﺎة‬

lifebelt

Sea

‫ﺤﺎر‬ َّ ‫َﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﺤﺎرة‬ َّ ‫َﺑ‬, ‫ون‬‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬ pl. ‫ِﺑﺤﺎر‬, ‫ﺤﻮر‬ ُ ‫ُﺑ‬ َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﻄَﻢ‬ َّ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫َﺑْﻨَﺪر‬ ُ ‫َﺑﻨﺎِد‬ pl. ‫ر‬

sailor

sea

to be wrecked seaport

‫ﺟْﻨُﺪول‬ ُ ُ ‫ﺟﻨﺎِدﻳ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

gondola

‫ﺟْﻨِﺰﻳﺮ اﻟِﻤْﺮﺳﺎة‬ ِ

anchor chain

‫ﺣﻄﺎم‬ ُ

shipwreck

َ ‫ﺣ َّﻮاﻣﺔ‬

hovercraft

TRAVEL AND MOBILITY

‫ف‬ ّ ‫ﺣْﻮض ﺟﺎ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺣﻮاض ﺟﺎﱠﻓﺔ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺣﻮض َﻋ َّﻮام‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻮاﻣﺔ‬ َّ ‫ﺣﻮاض َﻋ‬

dry dock

‫ﺷﺮاع‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺮع‬ ُ , ‫ﺷِﺮﻋﺔ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ُ‫ﺷ‬

177 sail

floating dock

‫ﺷْﺮم‬ َ pl. ‫ﺮوم‬ ُ ُ‫ﺷ‬

َ ‫ﺣﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﺴﻮا‬ َّ ‫ﺧَﻔﺮ اﻟ‬

coastguard

‫ﺷَﻤْﻨُﺪورة‬ َ

‫َدراْﺑﺰِﻳﻦ‬

railing

‫َدﱠﻓﺔ‬

helm

‫ﺻﺎٍر‬, ‫ﺻﺎِرﻳﺔ‬ pl. ‫ر‬ ٍ ‫ﺻﻮا‬ َ

logbook

‫ﺻﺎِرى اﻟَﻌَﻠﻢ‬

flagpole

‫ﺻﺎِﻟﺢ ﻟﻠَﻤﻼﺣﺔ‬

navigable

‫ﻃﺎِﻗﻢ‬

crew

‫َﻋﺒﻮر‬

crossing

‫ﺠﻠﺔ اﻟِﻘﻴﺎدة‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬

steering wheel

captain, skipper

‫ﺴِﻔﻴﻨﺔ‬ َّ ‫َﻋْﺮض اﻟ‬

beam

‫ﺣﻠﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِر‬

journey, crossing

‫ُﻋْﻘﺪة‬ pl. ‫ﻋَﻘﺪ‬ ُ

‫( َرﺳﺎ‬u)

to dock, to anchor

‫ﺳﻮم اﻹْرﺳﺎء‬ ُ ‫ُر‬

berthage

‫ﺳﻮم اﻹْرﺷﺎد‬ ُ ‫ُر‬

pilotage

‫ُرﺳﻮم اﻟﻤﻴﻨﺎء‬

harbour dues

‫َرﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﻤﻴﻨﺎء‬

quay

‫َرﱠﻓﺎس‬

1. propeller

‫َدْﻓَﺘﺮ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َدﻓﺎِﺗ‬ ‫َدْوﺧﺔ‬

seasickness

‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫راَﺑ‬

to be moored (ship)

‫راِﻛﺐ‬ pl. ‫ﻛﺎب‬ َّ ‫ُر‬ ‫ُرّﺑﺎن‬ َ , ‫ُرّﺑﺎِﻧﻴﺔ‬ pl. ‫رﺑﺎِﺑﻨﺔ‬

passenger

2. steamboat

َ ‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺳَّﺘ‬ ‫ﻄﺢ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺳﻄﻮح‬ ُ ‫ﺳﻔﻴﻨﺔ‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﺳُﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻴﻨﺔ اﻟَﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﺤﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺷ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺷ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺤﻮن‬

to stow (goods) deck

‫َﻋَﻠﻢ‬

inlet

buoy mast

knot

flag

pl. ‫ﻋﻼم‬ ْ ‫أ‬

ُ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻒ‬ ِ ‫ﻃﻮل اﻟَّﺮ‬ ‫َﻋْﻨَﺒﺮ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻨﺎِﺑ‬ ‫ق‬ َ ‫( َﻏِﺮ‬a) ‫َﻓّﻨﺎر‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﻗﺎِرب‬

alongside quay hold

to founder lighthouse

boat, skiff

pl. ‫ب‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻮاِر‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺷﺮاﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻗﺎِرب‬

sailing boat

‫ﻗﺎِرب اﻟ َّﻨﺠﺎة‬

lifeboat

cargo ship

‫ﻗﺎﺋﺪ‬

helmsman

cargo

ّ ‫ُﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﻮاد‬

ship

‫َﻗْﺒﻄﺎن‬

see ‫رﺑﺎن‬

178

‫َﻗﻨﺎة‬ pl. ‫أْﻗِﻨَّﻴﺔ‬, ‫َﻗَﻨﻮات‬

TRAVEL AND MOBILITY canal

‫َﻣْﻌِﺪﻳﺔ‬ ٍ ‫َﻣﻌﺎ‬ pl. ‫د‬

ferry

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻗﻮاِرﺑ‬

boatman

‫ِﻣﻼﺣﺔ ِﺗﺠﺎِر َّﻳﺔ‬

merchant shipping

‫َﻗْﻴُﺪوم‬

bow (ship)

ِ ‫ِﻣﻼﺣﺔ دا‬ ‫ﺧِﻠ َّﻴﺔ‬

inland shipping

‫َﻛﺒﻴﻨﺔ‬

‫ِﻣﻼﺣﺔ َﻧْﻬِﺮ َّﻳﺔ‬

river traffic

cabin

‫َﻣْﻮﺟﺔ‬

wave

‫َﻟْﻨﺶ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

launch

pl. ‫ﻣﻮاج‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ِﻣﻴﺎء إْﻗِﻠﻴِﻤ َّﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺎِﻧﻴِﻔﺴُﺘﻮ‬

ship’s manifest

‫ِﻣْﺮَﺑﻂ‬

hawser

‫ﻣﻴﻨﺎء‬ ٍ ‫َﻣﻮا‬ pl. ‫ن‬

anchorage

‫ﻧﺎِﻗﻠﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﻧﻮاِﻗ‬

ُ ‫َﻣﺮاِﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﻂ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫َﻣْﺮﺳ‬ ٍ ‫َﻣﺮا‬ pl. ‫س‬ ‫ِﻣﺮﺳﺎة‬

anchor

ٍ ‫َﻣﺮا‬ pl. ‫س‬

territorial waters port, harbour

see ‫ﺳﻔﻴﻨﺔ اﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬

‫ﻧﺎِﻗﻠﺔ اﻟ َّﻨْﻔﻂ‬

oil tanker

‫َﻧﺴﻴﻢ‬

breeze

ُ ‫َﻧﺴﺎﺋ‬ pl. ‫ِﻧﺴﺎم‬, ‫ﻢ‬

‫ﺷﺪ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣْﺮ‬

pilot

‫َﻣْﺮَﻛﺐ‬

vessel, craft

‫ِﻫْﻠﺐ‬ pl. ‫ﻫﻼب‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫َﻫِﻮﻳﺲ‬

ُ ‫َﻣﺮاِﻛ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬

grappling iron, boathook

(canal) lock

pl. ‫ﻮﺳﺔ‬ ِ ‫أْﻫ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺣِﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺐ ﺳﺎ‬

coaster

‫ﺼْﻴﺪ‬ َ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺐ اﻟ‬

fishing vessel

‫ﺨﺖ‬ ْ ‫َﻳ‬ ُ ‫ُﻳ‬ pl. ‫ﺨﻮت‬

‫أْﻣِﻨﻴﺒﻮس‬

omnibus

‫ﻂ‬ َ ‫( َرَﺑ‬i, u)

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺨ َّﻠﻒَ اﻟِّﺮ‬

to interrupt the journey

‫َرﺻﻴﻒ‬ ِ ‫أْر‬ pl. ‫ﺻﻔﺔ‬

‫َﺗْﺬِﻛﺮة َذﻫﺎب‬

one-way ticket

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ ( َرَﻛ‬i

‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮة ذﻫﺎب و إﻳﺎب‬

return ticket

‫ﺟْﺪَول اﻟِﻘﻄﺎرات‬ َ

timetable

yacht

Rail

‫راِﻛﺐ‬ َّ ‫ُر‬ pl. ‫ﻛﺐ‬

passenger

)

to brake (train) platform (train)

to board (a train)

َ ‫ﺳِّﻜﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺣِﺪﻳِﺪ َّﻳﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺳَّﻜﺔ‬ ‫ُﻣْﺮَﺗِﻔﻌﺔ‬

elevated railway

ُ ‫ﺷَّﺒﺎك اﻟَﺘﺬاِﻛﺮ‬

ticket office

َ pl. -‫ﺷﺒﺎِﺑﻴﻚ‬

railways

TRAVEL AND MOBILITY

179

‫َﻋَﺮﺑﺔ‬

carriage

‫ﻗﻄﺎر اﻟُﺮ َّﻛﺎب‬

passenger train

‫ﻋﺮﺑﺔ اﻷْﻛﻞ‬

buffet car

‫ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‬ َ ‫ﻗﻄﺎر‬

express train

‫ﻋﺮﺑﺔ اﻷْﻣِﺘﻌﺔ‬

luggage van

‫ﺧﺮ‬ ِ ‫ِﻗﻄﺎر ﻓﺎ‬

luxury train

‫ﻋﺮﺑﺔ اﻟ َّﻨْﻮم‬

sleeper

‫ِﻗﻴﺎم‬

departure (train)

‫ُﻏْﺮﻓﺔ اِﻻْﻧِﺘﻈﺎر‬

waiting room

‫ﺼﻞ‬ ِّ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

conductor (tram, train, bus)

‫َﻏ َّﻴَﺮ‬

to change (trains)

َّ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﻄﺔ‬

station

‫ﻃﺮة‬ ِ ‫ﻗﺎ‬

locomotive

‫ﺨَﺰن اﻷﻣﺎﻧﺎت‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

left-luggage office

train

‫ﺼﻮرة‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻘ‬

compartment

‫ﻗﻄﺎر إْﻛﺴﺒﺮﻳﺲ‬

see ‫ﻗﻄﺎر ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‬

َّ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﻇﺮ اﻟَﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻄﺔ‬ pl. - ‫ﻈﺎر‬ ّ ‫ُﻧ‬

‫ﻗﻄﺎر اﻟِﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ‬

freight train

‫( َﻧَﺰَل‬i)

to get off

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻗﻄﺎر ُدَوِﻟ‬

international train

‫ﻂ‬ ّ ‫ﺨ‬ َ ‫ِﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟ‬

terminal (train)

direction

‫ﺗﺎﻛﺴﻲ‬

see ‫ﺳﻴﺎرة اﻷﺟﺮة‬

bus

‫َﺗﺠﺎَوَز‬

to overtake

‫ِﻗﻄﺎر‬ ُ ‫ُﻗ‬, ‫ﻄﺮات‬ ُ ‫ُﻗ‬ pl. ‫ﻄﺮ‬

station manager

Road Traffic

‫إ َّﺗﺠﺎﻫﺠﺎه‬ ‫ ﺑﺎص‬،‫ُأﺗﻮﺑﻴﺲ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

‫ﻄُﺮق‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬ ُّ ‫ﺼﻠﻴﺢ اﻟ‬

road repairs

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟْﺒِﺮ‬ َ ‫إﺗﺠﺎه‬

diversion

‫ﻃﻊ‬ ِ ‫َﺗﻘﺎ‬

crossing, junction

‫إﺗﺠﺎه واﺣﺪ‬

one way

‫إﺷﺎرة اﻟُﻤﺮور‬

traffic lights

‫ﺣﺎِدث‬ ُ ‫ﺣﻮاِد‬ َ pl. ‫ث‬

pile-up

‫ﺳﻴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺎِﻓﻠﺔ‬

coach

ُّ ‫ﺣﺪ اﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺴْﺮﻋﺔ‬

speed limit

‫ﻄﺪام‬ ِ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫إ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

accident

‫ﻄُﺮق‬ ُّ ‫َأْﻋﻤﺎل اﻟ‬

roadworks

‫ﺣَﺮﻛﺔ اﻟُﻤُﺮور‬ َ

traffic

‫إْﻟَﺰم اﻟَﻴﺴﺎر‬

KEEP LEFT

‫ﺣﻖّ اﻟُﻤُﺮور‬ َ

right of way

‫إﻟﺰم اﻟَﻴِﻤﻴﻦ‬

KEEP RIGHT

‫ﺣﻮذي‬ ُ

coachman

‫ﺤﺪار‬ ِ ‫إْﻧ‬

slope

َ ‫ﺧْﺪﻣﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺴﻴﺎرات‬ َّ ‫ﺟﺮّ اﻟ‬

breakdown/tow-away service

َّ ‫ﺑﺎب ِﻟﻠ‬ ‫ﻄﻮاِرىء‬

emergency exit

‫ﺧﻂّ اﻟﺒﺎص‬ َ

bus route

180

TRAVEL AND MOBILITY

‫ﺳْﻴﺮ‬ َ ‫ﻂ‬ ّ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

lane (e.g. motorway)

َ ‫َﻋَﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺳَﻜِﻨ َّﻴﺔ‬

caravan

‫ﻄﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

danger

َ ‫َﻋَّﺮ‬ ‫ج‬

to zigzag

‫ﻗﺎِﻓﻠﺔ‬

convoy

‫ﻄﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻄﺮ‬

dangerous

ُ ‫َﻗﻮاِﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

‫َدَّراﺟﺔ‬

bicycle

‫ﺤْﺬر‬ ِ ‫ﺳَﻴﺎرَﺗﻚ ِﺑ‬ َ ‫ُﻗﺪ‬

DRIVE CAREFULLY

‫ُذْروة‬

peak (fig.)

‫ﻗﻒ‬

STOP

‫ُذر ﹰ‬ pl. ‫ى‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺔ اﻟﻘﻴﺎدة‬ ْ ‫ُر‬

driving licence

‫َﻗﻮاﻧﻴﻦ اﻟُﻤﺮور‬

Highway Code

‫ﺳﺎِﻟﻢ‬

safe

‫َﻛ ُّﺮوﺳﺔ‬

carriage, hansom

َ ‫ﺳ َّﻮاق‬

driver

‫َﻟْﻮﺣﺔ اﻟُﻤﺮور‬

traffic sign

َ ‫ﺴﻲ‬ ِ ‫ﺳ َّﻮاق ﺗﺎْﻛ‬

taxi driver

‫ﻣﺎّر‬

passer-by

‫ﺟﺮة‬ ْ ‫ﺳّﻴﺎرة اﻷ‬ َ

taxi

‫ﺣﻨﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺷﺎ‬

lorry, truck

‫ﺷْﺮﻃﺔ اﻟُﻤﺮور‬ ُ

traffic police

‫ﺻﺪام‬ ِ

collision

‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﺮق‬ ُ‫ﻃ‬

َ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ pl. u¯¯n, ‫رة‬ ٍ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ش‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻣﺸﺎة‬

pedestrian

‫ِﻣﺘُﺮو‬

underground railway

‫ُﻣَﺘِّﺮج‬

winding (road)

‫ُﻣْﺮَﺗَﻔﻊ‬

inclination roundabout

road

‫ص‬ ّ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺧﺎ‬ َ

private road

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ُﻣﺮور داﺋﺮ‬

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﻃِﺮﻳﻖ داﺋِﺮ‬ َ

ring road

ِ ‫ َﻣْﺰَﻟﻘﺎن‬level crossing ‫ﺳَّﻜﺔ ﺣﺪﻳﺪّﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ رﻳﻔ‬ َ

country road

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ َرﺋﻴﺴ‬ َ

main road

pl. ‫ات‬-

َ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ِﻟﻠ َّﺪ َّرَاﺟﺎت‬

bicycle lane

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻄﻨﺎِﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ ِا‬ ّ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬

speed bump

‫ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‬ َ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ َ

motorway

‫َﻣْﻔَﺮق‬

intersection, crossroads

‫ﺴﺪود‬ ْ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ َﻣ‬ َ

cul-de-sac

ُ ‫َﻣﻔﺎِر‬ pl. ‫ق‬

َّ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ُﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺸﺎة‬

pedestrianized road

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳْﻔِﻠ‬ ُ ّ‫َﻣَﻤﺮ‬

pothole

1. underpass 2. subway (pedestrians)

َ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ُﻣﺆَّﻗﺖ‬

temporary road

َ ‫َﻋ‬ ‫ﺠَﻠﺔ ﻧﺎِر َّﻳﺔ‬

motorcycle

‫َﻋّﺪاد ُوُﻗﻮف‬ َّ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺎرات‬

‫ﺐ‬ ّ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬

parking meter

‫َﻣَﻤﺮّ اﻟُﻤﺸﺎة‬

zebra crossing

‫َﻣْﻤﻨﻮع اﻟَّﺘﺠﺎُوز‬

DO NOT OVERTAKE

‫ﻣﻤﻨﻮع اﻟُﻤُﺮور‬

NO THROUGH TRAFFIC

TRAVEL AND MOBILITY

181

‫َﻣْﻮِﻗﻒ اﻟﺒﺎص‬

bus stop

‫ﺴﻲ‬ ِ ‫َﻣْﻮِﻗﻒ اﻟَﺘﺎﻛ‬

taxi rank

َّ ‫َﻣْﻮِﻗﻒ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ َّﻴﺎرات‬

car park

‫َﻣْﻤﻨﻮع اﻟُﻮﻗﻮف‬

NO PARKING

‫َﻣْﻤﻨﻮع ُوﻗﻮف‬ ‫اﻟَّﺪّراﺟﺎت‬

NO BICYCLE PARKING

‫َﻣﻤﻨﻮع ُرﻛﻮب‬ ‫اﻟ َّﺪ َّراﺟﺎة‬

NO BICYCLES

َّ ‫ﺼﻒ اﻟ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣْﻨَﺘ‬ ‫ﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬

central reservation

‫ﺤِﺪر‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻨ‬

‫ﺴْﺮﻋﺔ‬ ُّ ‫َﻫّﺪئ اﻟ‬

sloping (road)

‫ﻰ‬ ً ‫ﺤﻨ‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻨ‬

bend

‫ِوْﻧﺶ‬ pl. ‫وﻧﺎش‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ات‬-

‫َﻧَﻔﻖ‬ pl. ‫أْﻧﻔﺎق‬

tunnel

DRIVE SLOWLY breakdown truck

The car

‫ﺤﺮ‬ ِّ ‫أدارَ اﻟُﻤ‬

to start the engine

‫ﺳِﺘْﺮﻛﺎب‬ ْ ‫إ‬

hitch-hiking

‫ﻄﻮاﻧﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

cylinder

‫ﺷﻌﺎل‬ ْ ‫إ‬

ignition

‫ﻄَﺪَم‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ا‬

to collide 1. see ‫دوﻻب‬

‫ِﺗْﺮس‬ pl. ‫ُﺗﺮوس‬

gear

‫ﺳﺘﺎت‬ ْ ‫ِﺗْﺮﻣﻮ‬

thermostat

‫ﺤﻴﻢ‬ ِ ‫ﺸ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

greasing, oiling

‫َﺗْﻐِﻴﻴﺮ اﻟ َّﺰْﻳﺖ‬

oil change

‫ﺠﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫َﺗْﻐِﻴﻴﺮ اﻟَﻌ‬

tyre change

‫إﻃﺎر‬ pl. ‫ﻃﺮ‬ ُ ‫أ‬

2. rim (wheel)

‫َﺗِﻜﻴﻒ‬

air conditioning

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺧِﻠ‬ ِ ‫إﻃﺎر دا‬

tube (tyre)

‫َﺗْﻨﻚ اﻟَﺒْﻨﺰﻳﻦ‬

petrol tank

‫آﻟﺔ ﻛﺎِﺑﺴﺔ‬

compressor

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫ﺣِﺘﻴﺎ‬ ْ ‫ َﺗْﻨﻜﺔ َﺑْﻨﺰﻳﻦ ِا‬jerrycan

‫َﺑﺨﺎﺧﺔ‬

nozzle

‫ﺟﺎِﻣﻌﺔ َﻛْﻬَﺮﺑﺎﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

accumulator

‫َﺑﻄﺎِر َّﻳﺔ‬ ‫ُﺑْﻘﻌﺔ‬ pl. ‫ِﺑﻘﺎع‬

battery

َّ ‫ﺴﻢ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﺴَﻴﺎرة‬

bodywork

place (for passenger)

‫ﺟﻬﺎز اﻟَﺘْﺒِﺮﻳﺪ‬ ِ

radiator

‫َﺑْﻨﺰﻳﻦ‬

‫ﺷﻌﺎل‬ ْ ‫ﺟﻬﺎز اﻷ‬ َ

ignition

petrol

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻋﺎِد‬

‫ﺣْﻘﻦ اﻟُﻮُﻗﻮد‬ َ

injection pump

regular petrol

‫ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ ُﻣْﻤﺘﺎز‬

‫ﺧْﺮﻗﺔ‬ ِ

cloth

four-star petrol

‫ﺠﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺧْﺮم اﻟَﻌ‬ ُ

puncture

َ ‫ﺴْﺮﻋﺔ‬ ُّ ‫ﺧَّﻔﺾَ اﻟ‬

to decrease speed

‫ُﺑﻮق‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫أْﺑﻮاق‬

horn

‫ﺴَّﻴﺎرات‬ َّ ‫ِﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ اﻟ‬

car insurance

‫َدْﺑِﺮﻳﺎج‬

coupling

‫َﺗْﺪِﻓﺌﺔ‬

heating

‫ِدﻫﺎن‬

paintwork

182

TRAVEL AND MOBILITY

‫َد َّواﺳﺔ اﻟَﺒْﻨِﺰﻳﻦ‬

throttle

‫ﺻﺪأ‬ َ

rust

‫َدَّواﺳﺔ اﻟَﺪْﺑِﺮﻳﺎج‬

clutch

‫ﺻِﺪئ‬ َ

rusty, rust-covered

‫َدَّواﺳﺔ اﻟَﻔﺮَﻣﻠﺔ‬

brake pedal

‫ﺴﺠﻴﻞ‬ ْ ‫ﺻﻔﻴﺤﺔ َﺗ‬ َ

licence plate

tyre

َ ‫ﺻ َّﻤﺎم‬

valve

َّ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ اﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﺴّﻴﺎرات‬

car industry

‫ﺳﻌﺎف‬ ْ ‫ﺻْﻨُﺪوق اﻹ‬ ُ

First Aid kit

ُ ‫ﺻْﻨﺪوق اﻟ ُّﺘﺮوس‬

gearbox

‫ﺻْﻨﺪوق اﻟُﻌَﺪد‬ ُ

toolbox

‫ﺿْﻐﻂ اﻟَﻬﻮاء‬ َ

pressure (tyres)

‫ﺿْﻮء‬ َ

light

‫دوﻻب‬ ِ pl. ‫دواﻟﻴﺐ‬ ‫ِدﻳﺰل‬

diesel

‫ِدﻳﻨﺎﻣﻮ‬

dynamo

‫َرْﻓَﺮف‬ ِ ‫َرﻓﺎ‬ pl. ‫رف‬

wing

‫ﺴْﺮﻋﺔ‬ ُّ ‫زادَ اﻟ‬

to increase speed

‫ ُزْﻧُﺒُﺮك‬،‫َزْﻧَﺒَﺮك‬

spring

‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫َز َّﻳ‬

to oil, lubricate

‫َزْﻳﺖ اﻟُّﺘُﺮوس‬

gear oil

‫َزْﻳﺖ اﻟَﻔْﺮَﻣﻠﺔ‬

brake oil

‫ﺤِّﺮك‬ َ ‫َزْﻳﺖ اﻟُﻤ‬

engine oil

‫ﺠﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫ِزﻳﻨﺔ َﻋ‬

hubcap

‫ﺤﻴﻢ‬ ِ ‫ﺸ‬ ْ ‫ُزُﻳﻮت اﻟَّﺘ‬

lubricants

‫ﺨَﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ َ (u)

to overheat

‫ﺳْﻘﻒ‬ َ

roof

‫ﺷﻌﺎل‬ ْ ‫ﺳْﻠﻚ اﻷ‬ ِ

ignition cable

‫ﺳِﻠْﻨَﺪر‬ ِ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﺳّﻦ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺳﻨﺎن‬ ْ ‫أ‬

cylinder

cog

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺿﻮاُء‬ ‫ﺿْﻮء ﻋﺎٍل‬ َ

headlight

‫ﺤﺺ‬ ْ ‫ﺿﻮء َﻓ‬ َ

warning light

‫ﺿْﻮء اﻟُﻮﻗﻮف‬ َ

parking light

َ ‫ﺿﻮء َوَّﻣﺎض‬

blinkers (warning)

‫ﻃﺎرة اﻟَﻔْﺮَﻣﻠﺔ‬

brake drum

َ (‫ﻃَّﻔﺎﻳﺔ )اﻟَﻨﺎر‬

fire extinguisher

‫ﻃُﻠْﻤﺒﺔ اﻟَﺒْﻨِﺰﻳﻦ‬ ُ

petrol pump

َّ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﻋﺎِﻣﻞ َﻣ‬ ‫ﻄﺔ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ‬

petrol station attendant

‫ﻋﺎُﻣﻮد اﻟَﻜَﺮْﻧﻚ‬

crankshaft

‫ﺠﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬

wheel

ِ ‫ﺣِﺘﻴﺎ‬ ْ ‫ﺠَﻠﺔ ِا‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬ ‫ﻃ َّﻴﺔ‬

spare wheel

َ ‫َﻋ‬ ‫ﺠﻠﺔ أﻣﺎِﻣ َّﻴﺔ‬

front wheel

َ ‫ﺳ َّﻴﺎرة‬

car

rear wheel

‫ﺤﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺷ‬ َ

َ ‫ﺠﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬ ‫ﺧَﻠِﻔ َّﻴﺔ‬

grease

‫ﺠﻠﺔ اﻟِﻘﻴﺎدة‬ َ ‫َﻋ‬

steering wheel

‫ﺷﺮارة‬ َ

spark

‫ِﻋَّﺪة‬

tool

َّ ‫ﺷْﻤﻌﺔ اﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺸﺮارة‬

spark plug

َ ‫ِﻋ‬ pl. ‫ﺪد‬

TRAVEL AND MOBILITY

َّ ‫َﻋ‬ ‫ﺸﻖَ اﻟِﺘْﺮس‬

to engage gear

‫َﻋﻮاِدم‬

exhaust fumes

‫ﺤِّﺮك‬ َ ‫َﻏﻄﺎء اﻟُﻤ‬

bonnet

‫َﻏَّﻴﺮَ اﻟُّﺘُﺮوس‬ ‫ِﻓْﺮﻗﺔ اﻟَﻤﻄﺎِﻓﻰء‬ ‫َﻓْﺮَﻣﻠﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﻓﺮاِﻣ‬

‫ﺤ َّﺮك‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

183 engine

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻣﺤﺮك ُﺛﻨﺎﺋ‬ ‫ﺸﻮار‬ ْ ‫اﻟِﻤ‬

two-stroke engine

to change gear

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺧَﻠِﻔ‬ َ ‫ﻣﺤﺮك‬

rear engine

fire brigade

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻣﺤﺮك ُرﺑﺎِﻋ‬ ‫ﺸﻮار‬ ْ ‫اﻟِﻤ‬

four-stroke engine

َ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﻄﺔ َﺑْﻨﺰﻳﻦ‬ َّ ‫ﺤ‬

petrol station

brake

‫ﺟﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﻓْﺮَﻣﻠﺔ اﻟِّﺮ‬

foot brake

‫ﺠﻠﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺤَﻮر اﻟَﻌ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

axle

ِ ‫َﻓْﺮَﻣﻠﺔ ُﻗْﺮ‬ ‫ﺻ َّﻴﺔ‬

disc brake

‫َﻓْﺮَﻣﻠﺔ اﻟَﻴﺪ‬

hand brake

‫َﻣْﺪَرﺳﺔ ِﻗﻴﺎدة‬ ‫ﺴَّﻴﺎرة‬ َّ ‫اﻟ‬

driving school

handle

‫ِﻣﺮآة ﺟﺎِﻧِﺒ َّﻴﺔ‬

outside mirror

َ ‫ِﻣﺮآة‬ ‫ﺧَﻠِﻔ َّﻴﺔ‬

rear-view mirror

spare part

‫ﺷﺢ اﻟَﻬﻮاء‬ ‫ُﻣَﺮ ﱢ‬

air filter

lock

‫ِﻣْﺮَوﺣﺔ‬

ventilator

‫َﻣْﺰَﻳﺘﺔ‬

oil can

‫ُﻣَﺰِّﻳﺖ‬

oiled

‫ﺴَﺘْﺮِﻛﺐ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

hitchhiker

ْ ‫ُﻣ‬ ‫ﺴَﺘﻮى اﻟَّﺰْﻳﺖ‬

oil level

‫َﻗْﺒﻀﺔ‬ pl. ‫ِﻗﺒﺎض‬ ‫ﻄﻌﺔ ِﻏﻴﺎرة‬ ْ ‫َﻗ‬ ‫ُﻗْﻔﻞ‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﻔﺎل‬ ‫ﺷﻌﺎل‬ ْ ‫ُﻗْﻔﻞ اﻷ‬

ignition lock

‫ُﻗْﻤﻊ‬

funnel

‫ِﻗﻴﺎدة‬

steering

‫َﻛَﺮْﻧﻚ‬

crank

‫ْﻛِﺮﻳﻚ‬

jack

‫ﺤَﻢ‬ َّ ‫َﻟ‬

to weld, to solder

‫ﺼﺒﺎح‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

‫َﻟْﻮﺣﺔ ﺑﺎب‬

door panel

ُ ‫َﻣﺼﺎِﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﺢ‬

ِ ‫ﺟْﻨ‬ ِ ‫َﻟْﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺴ َّﻴﺔ‬

nationality sticker

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺼﺒﺎح َﻛْﻬَﺮﺑﺎﺋ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬

َّ ‫ﻣﺎء ُﻣَﻘ‬ ‫ﻄﺮة‬

distilled water

‫ﻣﺎﺳﻮرة اﻟِﺒْﻨِﺰﻳﻦ‬

petrol line

‫ﻣﺎﺳﻮرة اﻟَﻌﻮاِدم‬

‫ﺸﻮار‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺸﺎِوﻳ‬

‫ﺼَﻬﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

stroke (internal combustion engine) lamp

electrical lamp, torch fuse

َّ ‫ﻀ‬ ‫ﺨﺔ اﻟَﻬﻮاء‬ َ ‫ِﻣ‬

air pump

exhaust pipe

‫ﺸﺮارة‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻔﺘﺎح اﻟ‬

ignition key

‫ﺴَّﻴﺎرة‬ َّ ‫ﻣﺎِﻟﻚ اﻟ‬

car owner

‫ﻄﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺨ‬ َ ‫ُﻣَﺜ َّﻠﺚ اﻟ‬

warning triangle

‫َﻣﻘِْﺒﺾ اﻟﺒﺎب‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻘﺎِﺑ‬ pl. -‫ﺾ‬

door handle

184

THE WEATHER

‫ﻄﻊ‬ ِّ ‫ُﻣَﻘ‬

circuit breaker

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِﻣﻴﻜﺎِﻧﻴِﻜ‬

mechanic

‫َﻣْﻘَﻌﺪ‬

seat

‫ﺴَّﻴﺎرة‬ َّ ‫َﻫْﻴَﻜﻞ اﻟ‬

chassis

‫ِﻣﻘﻴﺎس اﻟَّﺰْﻳﺖ‬

dipstick

‫ﺻَﺪﻣﺎت‬ َ ‫واِﻗَّﻴﺔ‬

bumper

‫ِﻣْﻜَﺒﺲ‬

piston

‫واﻗَّﻴﺔ ُﻣَﺒِّﺮد‬

radiator grid

ُ ‫َﻣْﻜﺒﺎ‬ pl. ‫س‬ ‫ﺴﺤﺔ ُزﺟﺎج‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻤ‬

windscreen wiper

‫واﻗَّﻴﺔ َﻫﻮاء‬

windscreen

‫ﺷﺮ‬ ‫ُﻣﺆ ﱢ‬

indicator

‫ُوُﻗﻮد‬

fuel

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ُﻣَﻮَّزع َﻛْﻬَﺮﺑﺎﺋ‬

distributor

‫َوَّﻟﺪَ َﻛْﻬَﺮﺑﺎء‬

to generate power

The weather ‫أْﺑَﺮﻗﺖ اﻟُّﺪْﻧﻴﺎ‬

there was lightning

َ ‫إْرﺻﺎد‬ ‫ﺟِّﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

meteorological observations

‫ق‬ َ ‫ﺷَﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

1. to shine (sun)

‫َﺑِﻬﻴﺞ‬ َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺠ َّﻤَﺪ‬

pleasant (weather) to freeze, become icebound

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ﺠ ُّﻤﺪ‬

frost

2. to rise (sun)

‫ﺼْﻔﺮ‬ ِّ ‫ﺤﺖَ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

below zero

‫إْﻋﺼﺎر‬

hurricane

(‫َﺗَﺪﱠﻓَﺄ )ب‬

to warm oneself (with)

‫ﺴﻤﺎء‬ َّ ‫أْﻏَﺪقَ اﻟ‬

it’s raining cats and dogs

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟِّﻮ‬ َ ‫َﺗَﻨ ُّﺒﺆ‬

weather forecast

‫ﺠﻤﺎد‬ ِ ‫إْﻧ‬

ice formation

‫َﺛْﻠﺞ‬

1. snow

pl. ‫ُﺛُﻠﻮج‬

2. ice

‫ف‬ ّ ‫ﺟﺎ‬

dry

‫ﺟﻔﺎف‬ َ

dryness

‫ﺟّﻮ‬ َ

1. air

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃﻴِﻨ‬ ِ ‫ِاْﻧِﻬﻴﺎر‬

mudslide

‫ﺑﺎِرد‬

cold, cool

‫ﺑﺎِﻫﻆ‬

heavy, oppressive

‫( َﺑَﺮَد‬u)

to feel cold

ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺟﻮاء‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺟﻮاء‬

2. atmosphere

‫َﺑَﺮد‬

hail

َ (u, i) ‫ﺣ َّﺮ‬

to be hot

‫َﺑَﺮدة‬

hailstone

‫ﺣّﺮ‬ َ

hot

‫َﺑْﺮد‬

cold (n.)

‫ﺣﺮارة‬ َ

heat

lightning

‫ﺴﻮف‬ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ

lunar eclipse

‫ﺤﺮارة‬ َ ‫َدَرﺟﺔ اﻟ‬

temperature

‫َﺑْﺮق‬ pl. ‫ﺮوق‬ ُ ‫ُﺑ‬

THE WEATHER

185

‫ِدفء‬

warmth

َ ‫ﺿْﻐﻂ‬ َ ‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺟ َّﻮ‬

atmospheric pressure

‫( َدِﻓﺊ‬a)

to be warm

ِ ‫ﻃَﺒﻘﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺟَّﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬

air layer

‫خ‬ ّ ‫( َر‬coll.)

shower (rain)

‫ِرذاذ‬

drizzle

‫ﻃﻮﺑﺔ‬ ُ ‫ُر‬

humidity

‫ﻃﻴﺐ‬ ِ ‫َر‬

ِ ‫ﻃِﺒﻴ‬ َ ُ‫ﻇﻮاِﻫﺮ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻌَّﻴﺔ‬

humid

‫( َرَﻋَﺪ‬u)

to thunder

shade, shadow ‫ﻇّﻞ‬ ِ ِ , ‫ﻇُﻠﻮل‬ ُ , ‫ﻇﻼل‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻇﻼل‬

‫َرْﻋﺪ‬

thunder

‫ﻇﻼم‬ َ

it thundered

‫ﺻﻔﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫َﻋﻮا‬

wind

‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻋﺠﺎج اﻟَﺒ‬

raging of the sea

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫( َﻋ‬i)

to rage (wind)

‫َﻓْﻮقَ اِّﻟْﻔﺮ‬

above zero

pl. ‫ﻋﻮد‬ ُ ‫ُر‬

‫َرَﻋﺪت اﻟُّﺪْﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫( ِرﻳﺢ‬f.) pl. ‫رﻳﺎح‬ ْ‫أ‬ ‫ﺳﺤﺎب‬ َ (coll.) ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ,‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﺤﺎﺋ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺤﺐ‬

clouds

‫ﻃْﻘﺲ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻃُﻘﻮس‬ ُ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻃِﺒﻴِﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻇﺎِﻫﺮ‬

weather

natural phenomenon

darkness storm

‫ﺨﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ

warm

‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫( َﻗ‬i)

to rumble (thunder)

‫ﺳﺮاب‬ َ

mirage

‫َﻗْﻮس ُﻗَﺰح‬

rainbow

sky

‫ﺴﻮف‬ ُ ‫ُﻛ‬

solar eclipse

‫ﺸِﻤﺲ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

sunny

‫ﺳﻤﺎء‬ َ pl. ‫ﻤﻮات‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺳُﻤﻮم‬ َ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫ﺳﻤﺎﺋ‬ َ

hot desert wind

‫ﺷِﺪﻳﺪ‬ َ

strong (e.g. wind)

‫ﻄﺮ‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻄﺎر‬

‫ﺲ‬ َ ‫ﺷَﻤ‬ َ (i, u)

to be sunny (day)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻀ‬ ِ ‫ﺣْﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻄﺮ‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬

acid rain

ِ ‫ﺷْﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺴ َّﻴﺔ‬

parasol

‫ﻄﺮة‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

downpour

‫ح‬ ٍ ‫ﺻﺎ‬

clear (sky)

‫ﺴﻤﺎء‬ َ ‫ﻄَﺮت اﻟ‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬

it rained

‫ﺻﺎِﻋﻘﺔ‬

thunderbolt

‫ﺻﺤﺎ‬ َ (u)

to be bright

َ ‫ِﻣ‬ ‫ﻈَّﻠﺔ‬ ّ ‫َﻣﻈﺎ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ل‬

‫ﺻْﻘﻌﺔ‬ َ

frost, severe cold

‫ﻈِﻠﻢ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

dark

‫ﺿﺒﺎب‬ َ

fog, mist

‫ُﻣَﻐِّﻴﻢ‬

cloudy

‫ﺿّﺪ اﻷْﻋﺼﺎر‬ ِ

anticyclone

‫ﻄﺮ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣْﻤ‬

rainy

rain

umbrella

186

‫َﻣﻨﺎخ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION climate

‫ﺴﻴﻢ‬ ِ ‫َﻧ‬ pl. ‫ِﻧﺴﺎم‬, ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫َﻧﺴﺎﺋ‬

breeze

‫ﻄﺮة‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻢ ُﻣْﻤ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣﻮا‬

rainy seasons

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫( َﻫ‬u)

to blow (wind)

‫ُﻧْﺪﻓﺔ اﻟَّﺜْﻠﺞ‬

snowflake

‫واِﺑﻞ‬

downpour

‫َﻧَﺪى‬

dew

(‫َوَﺑﻞَ )ِﻳِﺒُﻞ‬

to rain heavily

Language and communication ‫إْﺑﻬﺎم‬

opaqueness (e.g. meaning)

‫ﺳﻢ َﻋَﻠﻢ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

proper noun

‫أﺟﺎب‬

to answer

‫ﺷﻜﺎل‬ ْ ‫إ‬

ambiguity

‫ﺼَﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺧَﺘ‬ ْ ‫إ‬

to abbreviate, abridge

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺷﻜﺎِﻟ‬ ْ ‫إ‬

ambiguous

‫أداة اﻟ َّﺘْﻌِﺮﻳﻒ‬

definite article

‫ﺳﻢ اﻟَﻌْﻴﻦ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

concrete noun

‫ﻄﻒ‬ ْ ‫أداة اﻟَﻌ‬

conjunction

‫ﺳﻢ اﻟﻔﺎِﻋﻞ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

active participle

‫ﺧَﻞ‬ َ ‫أْد‬

to insert

‫ﺳﻢ اﻟِﻔْﻌﻞ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

infinitive

‫إْدﻏﺎم‬

assimilation (letter, sound)

‫ﺳﻢ ُﻣْﺒَﻬﻢ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

indefinite pronoun

to assimilate (a letter with another one)

‫ﺼَﻐﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺳﻢ اﻟُﻤ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

diminutive

(‫أْدَﻏﻢَ )ﻓﻲ‬

‫ﺳﻢ اﻟُﻤﻀﺎف‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

first noun in genetive construction

‫ﺳِﺘْﺜﻨﺎء‬ ْ ‫إ‬

exception

(‫ﺳِﺘﺠﺎبَ )ل‬ ْ ‫إ‬

to respond (to s.o.)

‫ﺳﻢ اﻟَﻤْﻌَﻨﻰ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

abstract noun

‫ﻄﺮاد‬ ْ ‫ِاﺳِﺘ‬

digression

‫ﺻﻮل‬ ُ ‫ﺳﻢ اﻟَﻤْﻮ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

relative pronoun

noun

‫ِاْﻧِﺘﺤﺎل‬

plagiarism

‫ﺚ‬ َ ‫أ َّﻧ‬

to put in the feminine form

‫أْﻧَﺜﻰ‬

feminine

‫أ َّوَل‬

to interpret, explain

‫ﺤﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬

metre (poetry)

‫ﺳﻢ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ pl. ‫ﺳﻤﺎء‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺳِﺘْﻔﻬﺎم‬ ْ ‫ﺳﻢ اِﻻ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

interrogative noun

‫ﺳﻢ اﻹﺷﺎرة‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

demonstrative pronoun

‫ﻀﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻢ اﻟَﺘْﻔ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

elative

‫ﺠْﻤﻊ‬ َ ‫ﺳﻢ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

collective noun

‫ﺳﻢ اﻟَﻌَﺪد‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

numeral

ُ ‫أْﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﺤﺮ‬ ‫َﺑﻼﻏﺔ‬

rhetoric

LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION

‫َﺑْﻴﺖ‬ pl. ‫أْﺑﻴﺎت‬

verse

187

‫ﺠّﺮ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

genitive

‫ﺟْﻤﻊ‬ َ

plural

‫ﺗﺄﺗﺄ‬

to stammer

‫ﺴﻴﺮ‬ ِ ْ‫ﺟﻤﻊ اﻟَّﺘﻜ‬

broken (= irregular) plural

‫َﺗﺄِﻧﻴﺚ‬

the feminine form

‫ﺤﻴﺢ‬ ِ ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬

sound (= regular) plural

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ث‬ ُ ‫ﺤَّﺪ‬

to speak

‫ﺤِﺮﻳﻒ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

mispronunciation

‫ﺟْﻤﻠﺔ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻤﻞ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ

‫ﺤِﻮﻳﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

transformation

ْ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ِا‬ ‫ﺳِﻤ َّﻴﺔ‬

nominal sentence

‫ﺟَﻢ‬ َ ‫َﺗْﺮ‬

to translate

ْ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﺔ إ‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺎِر َّﻳﺔ‬

declarative sentence

َ ‫َﺗْﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﺔ َﻓْﻮِر َّﻳﺔ‬

interpreting

ْ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ِا‬ ‫ﺳِﺘْﻔﻬﺎِﻣ َّﻴﺔ‬

interrogative sentence

َ ‫َﺗْﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﺔ آِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

machine translation

‫ﺠﺐ‬ ُّ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﺔ اﻟَّﺘَﻌ‬

exclamatory sentence

‫َﺗْﺮِﻗﻴﻢ‬

punctuation

‫ﺟْﻤﻠﺔ ﺣﺎل‬ ُ

circumstantial clause

َ ‫َﺗ‬ ‫ف‬ َ ‫ﺼَّﺮ‬

to be inflected (verb)

‫ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ِﻓْﻌِﻠ َّﻴﺔ‬

verbal sentence

‫ﺼِﻐﻴﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

‫ﺟﻮاب‬ َ

answer

diminutive

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺟِﻮﺑﺔ‬

‫ﻀِﻌﻴﻒ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

doubling

‫ﺟْﻤﻠﺔ ﺣﺎل‬ ُ

see ‫ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﺣﺎل‬

‫َﺗﻌُّﺪِدّﻳﺔ اﻟَﻤﻌﺎِﻧﻰ‬

polysemy

‫ف‬ َ ‫ﺣَﺬ‬ َ (i)

to elide

‫ِﺗﻼوة‬

recitation (Qur.)

‫ﺣْﺮف‬ َ pl. ‫ﺮوف‬ ُ ُ‫ﺣ‬

‫َﺗْﻔِﻌﻴﻞ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫َﺗﻔﺎ‬

foot (verse)

sentence

letter

‫ﺤْﺮف‬ َ ‫ِﺑﺎﻟ‬

literally

‫َﺗَﻘ َّﺪمَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to precede

‫ﺳِﺘْﻔﻬﺎم‬ ْ ‫ﺣﺮف اِﻻ‬

interrogative particle

‫َﺗَﻜَّﻠَﻢ‬

see ‫ﺗﺤﺪث‬

‫ﺣﺮف ﺻﺎِﻣﺖ‬

consonant

‫ﺨﻴﺺ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻠ‬

abridgement, summary

َ ‫ﺣْﺮف اﻟ ِّﻨﺪاء‬

interjection

‫َﺗْﻤِﻴﻴﺰ‬

specification

‫ﺣَﺮﻛﺔ‬ َ

vowel

‫َﺗْﻨِﻐﻴﻢ‬

intonation

ُّ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﻈﻮرة‬ َ

riddle, puzzle

‫َﺗْﻨِﻜﻴﺮ‬

indefiniteness

‫ﺣَﻜﻰ‬ َ (i)

‫َﺗْﻨِﻤﻴﻖ‬

ornamentation (style)

‫َﺗْﻮِﻛﻴﺪ‬

pleonasm

‫َﺛْﺮَﺛَﺮ‬

to prattle, chatter

‫ﺣْﻴﺰ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺣﻴﺎز‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺧَﺒﺮ‬ َ

to tell a story, give an account of scope, realm

predicate (nominal clause)

188

LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION

2. script

‫ﺻْﻮَﺗﻢ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺻﻮاِﺗ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻢ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺨﻂّ اﻟﻼِﺗِﻨ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

Latin script

َ ‫ﻒ‬ َ ‫ﺿَّﻌ‬

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺴﻤﺎِر‬ ْ ‫ﺨﻂّ اﻟِﻤ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

cuneiform

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻄ‬ ِّ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

handwritten

‫َدَرﺟﺎت اﻟُﻤﻘﺎَرﻧﺔ‬

degrees of comparison

‫َدْرَدﺷﺔ‬

prattle

‫اﻟَﺮْﻓﻊ‬

nominative

‫ﻂ‬ ّ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

1. handwriting

‫ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻋﺎﺋﺪ‬ ‫ﺿِﻤﻴﺮ اﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ‬ َ

to double (letter) personal pronoun

resumptive pronoun third-person personal pronoun

‫ﺿِﻤﻴﺮ اﻟُﻤَﺘَﻜِّﻠﻢ‬ َ

first-person personal pronoun

‫ُرْﻗﻌﺔ‬

common cursive writing style

‫( َرَﻗَﻢ‬u)

to add diacritic points to a text

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫( َزَﻋ‬a)

to shout, scream

‫َزَّﻟﺔ اﻟِﻠﺴﺎن‬

slip of the tongue

‫ﺳﺄَل‬ َ (a)

to ask

‫ﺳﺆال‬ ُ pl. ‫أﺳﺌﻠﺔ‬

‫ﺿِﻤﻴﺮ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﺋ‬

phoneme

question

‫ﻃﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺿِﻤﻴﺮ اﻟُﻤﺨﺎ‬ َ

second-person personal pronoun

‫ﺿﻤﻴﺮ اﻟَﻤْﻔُﻌﻮل‬

object suffix

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﻃَﻠ‬ َ (u)

to demand, request

‫ﻃَﻠﺐ‬ َ pl. ‫ات‬‫ﻇْﺮف‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﺮوف‬ ُ‫ﻇ‬

demand

1. adverb 2. particle

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳﻤﺎِﻋ‬ َ

acoustic

‫ﻇﺮف اﻟَﻤﻜﺎن‬

place adverbial

َ ‫ﺳﻤﺎِﻋ َّﻴﺎت‬

acoustics

‫ﻇﺮف اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬

time adverbial

‫( ﺷﺎَد‬u)

to chant

‫اﻟﻌﺎِﻣ َّﻴﺔ‬

colloquial language

‫ﺷَﺘَﻢ‬ َ (i)

to insult

‫ِﻋﺒﺎرة‬

expression

insult

‫َﻋّﺪا‬

to make transitive

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻِﻠ‬ ْ ‫َﻋَﺪد أ‬

cardinal number

‫ﺷِﺘﻴﻤﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫ﺷﺘﺎﺋ‬ َ ‫ﺷْﺪو‬ َ

chant, song

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻋَﺪد َﺗْﺮِﺗﻴِﺒ‬

ordinal number

‫ﺻْﺮﺧﺔ‬ َ

scream, outcry

‫ف‬ َ ‫َﻋَّﺮ‬

to make definite (noun)

‫ف‬ َ ‫ﺻَﺮ‬ َ (i)

to inflect (a word)

‫ﺳِﺘْﻔﻬﺎم‬ ْ ‫َﻋﻼﻣﺔ اِﻻ‬

question mark

‫ﺻْﺮف‬ َ

morphology

‫ﺠﺐ‬ ُّ ‫َﻋﻼﻣﺔ اﻟَّﺘَﻌ‬

exclamation mark

‫ﺻَﻔﺔ‬ ِ

adjective

‫َﻋﻼﻣﺔ اِﻻْﻗِﺘﺒﺎس‬

quotation mark

‫ﺻﻠﺔ‬ ِ

relative clause

‫ﺻﻮات‬ ْ ‫ِﻋْﻠﻢ اﻷ‬

phonetics

LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION

189

‫ﺻﻠﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻓﺎ‬

comma

‫( َﻗْﻮﺳﺎن‬dual)

(round) brackets

‫ﺻﻠﺔ َﻣْﻨُﻘﻮﻃﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻓﺎ‬

semi-colon

‫ﺧﺒﺎر‬ ْ ‫َﻗْﻮﺳﺎن أ‬

angular brackets

clause

‫َﻗْﻮﺳﺎن َﻛِﺒﻴﺮان‬

square brackets

‫َﻓﺼﺎﺣﺔ‬

eloquence

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫( َﻛَﺘ‬u)

to write

‫ﺼﻴﺢ‬ ِ ‫َﻓ‬

eloquent

‫ِﻛﻨﺎﻳﺔ‬

metonymy

verb

َّ ‫َﻟ‬ ‫ﺺ‬ َ ‫ﺨ‬

to abridge, summarize

‫ُﻟﻐﺔ‬

language

‫ُﻟﻐﺔ اﻹﺷﺎرة‬

sign language

‫ﻓﺎِﻋﻞ‬

‫ِﻓْﻌﻞ‬ pl. ‫أْﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﺟَﻮف‬ ْ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ أ‬

active subject in verbal

hollow verb (‫و‬/‫ ي‬as second radical)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ُﺛﻼِﺛ‬

triliteral verb

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ُرﺑﺎِﻋ‬

quadriliteral verb

‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﺳﺎِﻟﻢ‬

sound verb

‫ﺸُﺮوع‬ ُّ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ اﻟ‬

inchoative verb

‫ﻓﻌﻞ ُﻣﻀﺎِﻋﻒ‬

geminated verb

‫ﻓﻌﻞ ُﻣَﺘّﻞ‬

weak verb

‫ﻓﻌﻞ َﻣْﻬُﻤﻮز اﻟﻔﺎء‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ َﻣْﻬُﻤﻮز اﻟَﻌْﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ َﻣْﻬُﻤﻮز اﻟﻼم‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﻧﺎِﻗﺺ‬ ‫ﻗﺎِﻓﻴﺔ‬ pl. ‫ف‬ ٍ ‫َﻗﻮا‬ ‫( ﻗﺎَل‬u) ‫ﻗﺎُﻣﻮس‬ pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َﻗﻮاِﻣﻴ‬

verb with hamza as first radical verb with hamza as second radical verb with hamza as third radical defective verb (‫ي‬/‫ و‬as third radical) rhyme

to say dictionary

‫َﻟْﻔﻆ‬ pl. ‫أْﻟﻔﺎظ‬

term

‫َﻟْﻬﺠﺔ‬

dialect, language variety

‫ﻟﻬﺠﺔ داِرﺟﺔ‬

see ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺿﻲ‬ ِ ‫اﻟﻤﺎ‬

past tense

‫ُﻣَﺆ َّﻧﺚ‬

feminine

‫ُﻣﺒﺎَﻟﻐﺔ‬

exaggeration

‫ُﻣْﺒَﺘﺪأ‬

subject (nominal clause)

‫ُﻣْﺒَﻬﻢ‬

opaque, obscure

َ ‫ُﻣَﺘ‬ ‫ﺼَّﺮف‬

inflected

‫ُﻣَﺘَﻌ َّﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻈ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣَﺘﻼِزم َﻟْﻔ‬

broken (speech in foreign language) collocation

ِ ‫ُﻣَﺘﻼِزﻣﺎت َﻟْﻔ‬ pl. ‫ﻈّﻴﺔ‬ ‫َﻣَﺜﻞ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬ ْ ‫أ‬

saying, proverb

‫اﻟُﻤَﺜ َّﻨﻰ‬

dual

‫ﺨَﺒﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

intrinsic meaning

ِ ‫ﻗﺎُﻣﻮ‬ ‫ﺳ َّﻴﺔ‬

lexicography

‫اﻟُﻤَﺬَّﻛﺮ‬

masculine

‫َﻗ َّﻔﺎ‬

to put into rhyme, to rhyme

‫ُﻣﺮاِدف‬

synonym

190

‫َﻣْﺮُﻓﻮع‬

LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION word in the nominative/ indicative

‫َﻣَﺮ َّﻛﺐ‬

compound

‫ﺴَﺘْﻘِﺒﻞ‬ ْ ‫اﻟُﻤ‬

future (tense)

‫ﺴَﺮد‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺴﺎِر‬ pl. ‫د‬

glossary

‫ُﻣْﻔَﺮد‬

singular

‫ُﻣْﻔَﺮدات‬

vocabulary

‫ﻄَﻠﻖ‬ ْ ‫اﻟَﻤْﻔُﻌﻮل اﻟُﻤ‬

absolute object

‫ُﻣﻘﺎَرﻧﺔ‬

comparison

‫ﻄﻊ‬ َ ‫َﻣْﻘ‬

syllable

ُ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻘﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬

‫ﺴَﻨﺪ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

predicate

‫ﺴَﻨﺪ اﻟﻴﻪ‬ ْ ‫اﻟُﻤ‬

subject

‫ﺼَﺪر‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

َّ ‫ُﻣَﻠ‬ ‫ﺨﺺ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

2. extract, essence

verbal noun

‫ِﻣْﻤﻼة‬

dictaphone

hemistich

‫ﺤﻞ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣْﻨَﺘ‬

plagiarist

‫ﺼﻮب‬ ُ ‫َﻣْﻨ‬

in the accusative (word)

‫ﺠُﺰوم‬ ْ ‫اﻟُﻤﻀﺎِرع اﻟَﻤ‬

jussive

pl. ‫ات‬-

‫اﻟُﻤﻀﺎِرع اﻟَﻤْﺮُﻓﻮع‬

imperfect

‫ُﻣَﻨَﻜﺮ‬

indefinite (noun)

‫ﺼﻮب‬ ُ ‫ اﻟُﻤﻀﺎِرع اﻟَﻤْﻨ‬subjunctive

‫ُﻣَﻨ َّﻤﻖ‬

flowery (style)

‫اﻟُﻤﻀﺎف إَﻟْﻴﻪ‬

‫ُﻣْﻬَﻤﻞ‬

without diacritical points

‫ﻧﺎدى‬

to call

‫َﻧْﺒﺮ‬

stress (word)

‫ﺤﻮ‬ ْ ‫َﻧ‬

1. grammar

‫ﺼَﺮع‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺼﺎِر‬ pl. ‫ع‬

‫ُﻣﻄﺎَﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻄَﻠﻊ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻄﺎِﻟ‬ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﺠﻢ‬ َ ‫ُﻣْﻌ‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻌﺎ‬

second noun in a genitive construction agreement, concord opening verse

see ‫ﻗﺎﻣﻮس‬

1. abridged, summarized

2. syntax

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺤِﻮﻳﻠ‬ ْ ‫اﻟﻨﺤﻮ اﻟ َّﺘ‬ ‫ي‬ ّ ‫اﻟَّﺘﻮِﻟﻴِﺪ‬

transformational generative grammar

َ ‫ُﻣْﻌ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﺎِﺗ َّﻴﺔ‬

lexicology

‫َﻣْﻌُﺪود‬

countable

‫ُﻣْﻌَﺮب‬

declinable

‫( َﻧﻔﺎ‬i)

to negate (a sentence)

‫اﻟَﻤْﻌُﻠﻮم‬

active voice

‫َﻧِﻔﻲ‬

negation

meaning

‫َﻧْﻘﺺ‬

blank, omission

‫ُﻧْﻘﻄﺔ‬

1. diacritical point

‫َﻣْﻌُﻨﻮت‬

referent

pl. ‫ُﻧَﻘﻂ‬

2. full stop

‫ُﻣَﻌِّﻴﻦ‬

specified

‫ﻄﺘﺎن‬ َ ‫اﻟ ُّﻨْﻘ‬

colon

‫َﻣْﻌﻨﻰ‬ ٍ ‫َﻣﻌﺎ‬ pl. ‫ن‬

‫َﻧْﻌﺖ‬ pl. ‫ﻌﻮت‬ ُ ‫ُﻧ‬

attribute

RELIGION

191

‫ﺳِﺘْﺮﺳﺎل‬ ْ ‫ُﻧَﻘﻂ ِا‬

suspension points

َ ‫( َﻫَﻤ‬i) ‫ﺲ‬

to whisper, mumble

‫َﻧِﻜﺮة‬

indefinite noun

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِﻫﻴُﺮوﻏِﻠﻴِﻔ‬

hieroglyphic

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫َﻧ َّﻤ‬

(‫ﺠُﺰ‬ ِ ‫ﺟﺰَ )َﻳ‬ َ ‫َو‬

to be brief

to write in a highly ornate style

‫ﺟﺰ‬ ْ ‫َو‬

brief, succinct

‫ﺣﺴﺎن‬ ْ ‫إ‬

charity

‫ب‬ ِ َ‫َﺗَﺪ َّﻳﻦ‬

to profess (a religion)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻﻮِﻟ‬ ُ ‫ُأ‬

fundamentalist

‫َﺗﺸﺎؤم‬

superstition

ُ ‫ُأ‬ ‫ﺻﻮِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

fundamentalism

‫ﺼِﺪﻳﻖ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

belief

God, divinity

‫ﺼﺐ‬ ُّ ‫َﺗَﻌ‬

fanaticism

‫َﺗْﻘَﻮى‬

devoutness, piety

Religion General

‫إﻻه‬ pl. ‫آِﻟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫إﻻِﻫ‬

divine

‫اﻟ َّﻠﻪ‬

God

‫إْﻟﺤﺎد‬

apostasy, heresy

‫َﺗَﻬ َّﻮَد‬

to become a Jew

‫ُأُﻟﻮِﻫﻴﺔ‬

divine power

َّ ‫ﺧﺎِرق اﻟ‬ ‫ﻄِﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬

the supernatural

‫ب‬ ِ ‫أﻣﺎَن‬

to believe in

‫ﺧﺮاﻓﺔ‬ ُ

fable, fairytale

‫ِاْﻧِﺘﻬﺎك‬

desecration

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺧﺮاِﻓ‬ ُ

mythical

‫ﺤْﺮﻣﺔ‬ ُ ‫ِاْﻧِﺘﻬﺎك اﻟ‬

sacrilege

‫ِاْﻧَﺘَﻬَﻚ‬

to defile, desecrate

‫ِدﻳﻦ‬ ْ‫أ‬ pl. ‫دﻳﺎن‬

‫ِاْﻧﻘﺎذ‬

salvation

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ِدﻳِﻨ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺴﺘﺎِﺗ‬ ْ ‫ﺑﺮوﺗ‬

Protestant

‫ﺑﺮوﺗﺴﺘﺎﻧﺘ َّﻴﺔ‬

Protestantism

‫ُﺑﻮذا‬

Buddha

pl. ‫ﺷﺒﺎح‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺷُﺒﻮح‬ ُ

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ُﺑﻮِذ‬

Buddhist

‫ُﺑﻮِذ َّﻳﺔ‬

Buddhism

‫ﺷّﺮ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺮور‬ ُ ُ‫ﺷ‬

‫َﺗِﻘﻰ‬ pl. ‫أْﺗِﻘﻴﺎء‬

‫ُروح‬ pl. ‫رواح‬ ْ‫أ‬ ‫ﺷَﺒﺢ‬ َ

devout, pious

religion

religious soul

ghost

evil

192

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻْﻬُﻴﻮِﻧ‬ َ َ ‫ﺻْﻬُﻴﻮِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬

RELIGION Zionist

‫َﻣْﻌَﺒﺪ‬

Zionism

ُ ‫َﻣﻌﺎِﺑ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬

temple

doctrine, dogma

‫ﺤﺪ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣْﻠ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻼ‬ pl. ‫ﺣﺪة‬

‫ُﻏْﻔﺮان‬

forgiveness

‫ُﻣﺆِﻣﻦ‬

‫َﻗْﺪر‬

fate

‫َوَﺛﻦ‬ pl. ‫وُﺛﻦ‬ ُ , ‫أْوﺛﺎن‬

being (noun)

‫َوَﺛِﻨﻲ‬

pagan

‫َوَﺛِﻨ َّﻴﺔ‬

paganism

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﻳُﻬﻮِد‬

Jew

‫َﻋِﻘﻴﺪة‬ ُ ‫َﻋﻘﺎﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬

pl. ‫أْﻗﺪار‬

‫ﻛﺎﺋﻦ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫َﻛﻮاﺋ‬ َ ‫ﻛﺎﺋﻨﺎت‬ ‫ﺣ َّﻴﺔ‬

living beings

‫ﺼﺐ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﺘَﻌ‬

fanatic, bigot

‫َﻣﺰار‬ pl. ‫ات‬-

shrine

apostate, heretic

faithful, believing graven image, idol

ُ ‫َﻳ‬ pl. ‫ﻬﻮد‬ ‫اﻟَﻴُﻬﻮِد َّﻳﺔ‬

Judaism

‫إﻣﺎم‬

imam

Islam

‫ﺣﺮام‬ ْ ‫إ‬

state of ritual purity (‫ﺞ‬ ّ ‫)ﺣ‬

‫ﺧﺮة‬ ِ ‫اﻵ‬

the hereafter

‫ﺧَﺘَﺘَﻦ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to be circumcised

‫ﺧﻼق‬ ْ ‫أ‬

morals

pl. ‫ﻤﺔ‬ َ ‫أﺋ‬

‫إﻣﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫آﻳﺔ‬

imamate 1. see ‫ﻣﻌﺠﺰة‬ 2. Qur. verse

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺧﻼِﻗ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

moral (adj.)

‫بل‬ َ ‫ﺳَﺘﺠﺎ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to answer a prayer

‫ﺸﻬﺎد‬ ْ ‫ﺳِﺘ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

martyrdom

‫ﺸِﻬَﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﺳُﺘ‬ ْ ‫( ُأ‬pass.)

to die as a martyr, to be martyred

‫إﻳﻤﺎن‬

faith

َ ‫ﺑﺎَر‬ ‫ك‬

to bless

‫َﺑَﺮﻛﺔ‬

blessing

‫ﺴَﻤَﻞ‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬

saying ‫ﺴﻢ اﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬ ْ ‫ِﺑ‬

‫ﺳَﺘْﻐَﻔَﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِا‬

to ask for forgiveness

‫ﺳَﻠَﻢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

to become a Muslim

‫ﺻﻮل اﻟِّﺪﻳﻦ‬ ُ ‫أ‬

pillars of the faith

‫ﺤِﻤﻴﺪ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

exclamation of ‫ﻤﺪ ﻟﻠﻪ‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

‫إْﻓﻄﺎر‬

meal after fast (Ramadan)

‫ﺴِﺒﻴﺢ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

exclamation of ‫ﺳْﺒﺤﺎنَ اﻟﻠﻪ‬ ُ

‫ﻄَﺮ‬ َ ‫أْﻓ‬

to break the fast

‫َﺗْﻜِﺒﻴﺮ‬

the invocation ‫ﻛَﺒﺮ‬ ْ ‫اﻟﻠﻪ أ‬

‫ﺠَﺪﻳﻒ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬ pl. ‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫َﺗﺠﺎِدﻳ‬

blasphemy

RELIGION

َ ‫اﻟ َّﺘ‬ ‫ﺼ ُّﻮف‬

sufism

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫َﺗَﻤْﺬَﻫ‬

to follow a religious school

‫َﺗْﻮﺑﺔ‬

repentance

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺣﻴِﺪ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻮ‬

monotheistic

‫ﺟﺎِﻣﻊ‬ ُ ‫ﺟﻮاِﻣ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻊ‬

mosque

‫ﺧْﻠﻖ‬ َ ‫ُدﻋﺎء‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫أْد‬

193 mankind invocation of God

‫ُدْﻧﻴﺎ‬

world

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ُدْﻧَﻴِﻮ‬

worldly

‫َذْﻧﺐ‬ ُ pl. ‫ذُﻧﻮب‬

sin, guilt

‫اﻟﺠﺎِﻫِﻠ َّﻴﺔ‬

pre-Islamic era

َ ‫ﺟ َّﺪفَ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to blaspheme (God)

‫ﺟّﻦ‬ ِ (coll.)

jinns, demons

‫ﺣَﻢ‬ ِ ‫( َر‬a)

to have mercy on

َ ‫ﺟ َّﻨﺔ‬

paradise

‫ُرُﻛﻮع‬

bending during prayer

‫ﺟﻬﺎد‬ ِ

holy war, jihad

َ ‫ﺟَﻬ َّﻨﻢ‬

hell

‫زاِﻫﺪ‬ pl. ‫زﻫﺎد‬ ِ

‫ج‬ ّ ‫ﺣﺎ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺣﺠﺎج‬ ‫ﺣﺎِﻓﻆ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺣ َّﻔﺎظ‬

pilgrim

one who knows the Qur’an by heart

‫ﺣﱠﺞ‬ َ (u)

to perform the pilgrimage

‫ﺣّﺞ‬ َ

pilgrimage

‫ﺣﺮام‬ َ

unlawful, sacred

‫ﺣﻼل‬ َ

lawful

‫ﺧﺘﺎن‬ ِ

circumcision

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ َ (u)

to preach

‫ﻄﺒﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻄﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ

Friday sermon

‫ب‬ ّ ‫َر‬ pl. ‫رﺑﺎب‬ ْ‫أ‬

‫زاِوﻳﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫زواﻳﺎ‬

Lord

ascetic

Sufi lodge

‫َزﻛﺎة‬

alms

‫َزْﻧَﺪﻗﺔ‬

atheism

‫ِزْﻧِﺪﻳﻖ‬ ِ ‫َزﻧﺎ‬ pl. ‫دﻗﺔ‬ ‫ُزْﻫﺪ‬

atheist

1. abstinence 2. asceticism

‫ﺳْﺒﺤﺔ‬ ُ ُ , ‫ﺳَﺒﺢ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﺳُﺒﺤﺎت‬ َ ‫ﺠﺎدة‬ َّ ‫ﺳ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺟﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﺠﺎ‬ َ ‫ﺠَﺪ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ (u)

prayer beads

prayer carpet

to bend one’s body (in worship)

‫ﻄﺊ‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ (a)

to sin

‫ﻄﻴﺌﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

sin

‫ﻄﻴﺐ‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

preacher

‫ﺳﻮرة‬ ُ

Qur’an chapter

‫ﺧَﻠَﺪ‬ َ (u)

to be immortal

‫ﺷْﺮك‬ ِ

idolatry

‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ﺧَﻠ‬ َ (u)

to create (God)

‫ﺷﻬﺎدة‬ َ

Islamic doctrinal formula

‫ﺠﺪة‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺠﺪات‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ

prostration in prayer

194

‫ﺷِﻬﻴﺪ‬ َ

RELIGION martyr

َ‫ﺷ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻬﺪاُء‬ ‫ﺷْﻴﻄﺎن‬ َ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﻃﻴ‬ ِ ‫ﺷﻴﺎ‬ َ ‫( ﺻﺎَم‬u) ‫ﺻﺎﺋﻢ‬ َ‫ﺻ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻮام‬ ‫ﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

devil

to fast one who fasts

the companions of the Prophet

َ ‫ﺻَّﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﻼة‬ pl. ‫ﺻَﻠﻮات‬ َ

to pray prayer

‫ﺴَﺘِﻘﻴﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺻﺮاط اﻟُﻤ‬ ِ

the Straight Path (Islam)

‫ﺻَﻨﻢ‬ َ

idol

pl. ‫ﺻﻨﺎم‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﻋﺎِﻟﻢ‬ pl. ‫ﻋَﻠﻤﺎء‬ ُ ‫( ِﻋﺸﺎء‬f.)

evening prayer

‫ﺼﺮ‬ ْ ‫( َﻋ‬f.)

afternoon prayer

‫ِﻋْﻔِﺮﻳﺖ‬ ِ ‫َﻋﻔﺎ‬ pl. ‫رﻳﺖ‬

minor pilgrimage to Mecca

‫ﺤﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺿ‬ ْ ‫ِﻋﻴﺪ اﻷ‬

sacrificial festival (10 ‫)اﻟﺤﺠﺔ‬

‫ﻄﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِﻋﻴﺪ اﻟِﻔ‬

end of Ramadan (1 ‫ﻮال‬ َ ‫)ﺷ‬

‫ﺴﻞ‬ ْ ‫ُﻏ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻏﺴﺎل‬ ‫َﻓْﺘَﻮى‬ ٍ ‫َﻓﺘﺎ‬ pl. ‫و‬

redemption

‫َﻓِﺮﻳﻀﺔ‬

religious duty

ُ ‫َﻓﺮاﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﺾ‬

َ ‫ب‬ ِ ‫ﺤﻰ‬ َّ ‫ﺿ‬

to sacrifice

‫َﻓِﻘﻴﻪ‬ pl. ‫ُﻓَﻘﻬﺎُء‬

‫ﻃﺎِﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻃِﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬ َ ُ ‫ﻃﺮاﺋ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ﻃْﻘﺲ‬ َ

‫ُﻗَﺒﺔ‬

َ ‫ﻃ َّﻮاف‬ ‫ﻇْﻬﺮ‬ ُ (f.)

faqih, legal scholar

dome

pl. ‫ُﻗَﺒﺐ‬

‫ِﻗْﺒﻠﺔ‬

qibla (direction of Mekka)

pure

‫َﻗْﺪر‬

destiny

sect

‫اﻟُﻘﺮآن اﻟَﻜِﺮﻳﻢ‬

the Holy Qur’an

ritual

‫ﻛﺎِﻓﺮ‬ ُ pl. ‫ﻛ َّﻔﺎر‬

ritual purity

‫ُﻛ َّﺘﺎب‬ ُ ‫َﻛﺘﺎِﺗﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬

pl. ‫ﻃُﻘﻮس‬ ُ

‫ﻃﻬﺎرة‬ َ

fatwa

‫ِﻓﺪاء‬ fast

sacrifice (noun)

body)

morning prayer

‫ﺻْﻮم‬ َ

‫ﺤﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺿ‬ َ َ pl. ‫ﺿﺤﺎﻳﺎ‬

ritual ablution (of the whole

‫ﺠﺮ‬ ْ ‫( َﻓ‬f.)

Sufi

conscience

imp

‫ُﻋْﻤﺮة‬

‫ﺻﻮِﻓﻲ‬ ُ

‫ﺿِﻤﻴﺮ‬ َ َ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﺋ‬

scholar

circumambulation of the Kaaba midday prayer

‫اﻟَﻜَﻌﺒﺔ‬ ‫َﻣﺄَذﻧﺔ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺎ‬ pl. ‫ذن‬

unbeliever

Qur’anic school

the Kaaba minaret

RELIGION

195

‫ُﻣﺒﺎَرك‬

blessed

‫ُﻣﺆِّذن‬

muezzin

‫ُﻣَﺘﺪاِﻳﻦ‬

devout

‫ﺳﻢ‬ ِ ‫َﻣْﻮ‬

(religious) feast

‫ﺤﺮاب‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺤﺎ‬ pl. ‫رﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﺨُﻠﻮق‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ات‬‫َﻣْﺬَﻫﺐ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺬاِﻫ‬ ‫ﺠﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ُ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺴﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﺪ‬

prayer niche in mosque

creature

religious school (jurisprudence) Friday mosque

ُ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻮا‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ‫َﻣْﻮِﻛﺐ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻮاِﻛ‬

procession

‫ُﻣﺆِﻣﻦ‬

believer (Muslim)

‫ُﻧُﺒَﻮة‬

prophecy

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َﻧَﺒِﻮ‬

prophetic

‫َﻧِﺒﻲ‬ pl. ‫أْﻧِﺒﻴﺎُء‬

prophet

‫ﺴِﻠﻢ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

Muslim

‫َﻧﺠﺎﺳﺔ‬

impurity

‫ﺸِﺮك‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

idolater

‫ى‬ ‫ُﻫﺪ ﹰ‬

good guidance

‫ﺠﺰة‬ ِ ‫ُﻣْﻌ‬

miracle

‫( َﻣْﻐِﺮب‬f.)

‫واِﻋﻆ‬ ‫ُو ﱠ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﺎظ‬

prayer at sunset

preacher

‫ﺣﻰ‬ ْ ‫َو‬

revelation

‫ﺿﻮء‬ ُ ‫ُو‬

ablution (prior to prayer)

‫َوْﻋﻈﺔ‬

sermon

‫)رﺑﻴﻊ اﻷّول‬

‫َﻳْﻮم اﻟِﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬

Judgement Day

‫ِاْﺑِﺘﻬﺎل‬

supplication, prayer

‫ﻄﻬﺎد‬ ِ ‫ِاﺿ‬

persecution

‫ِاْﺑَﺘَﻬَﻞ‬

to supplicate (God)

‫ﻄَﻬَﺪ‬ َ ‫ِاﺿ‬

to persecute

‫أُﺑﻮ اِﻻْﻋِﺘﺮاف‬

father confessor

‫ِاْﻋِﺘﺮاف‬

confession

َ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺸﻌﺎِﻧﻴﻦ‬ َّ ‫ﺣﺪ اﻟ‬

Palm Sunday

‫ف‬ َ ‫ِاْﻋَﺘَﺮ‬

to confess

‫ﺳُﺒﻮع اﻵﻻم‬ ْ ‫أ‬

Passion Week

‫ﺸﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫إْﻓ‬ pl. ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﺷﻴ‬ ِ ‫أﻓﺎ‬

‫ﺴﻚ‬ ِ ‫ِﻣْﻨ‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﻨﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻚ‬

ceremony, ritual (esp. during ‫)ﺣﺞ‬

‫اﻟَﻤْﻮِﻟﺪ اﻟ َّﻨَﺒِﻮي‬

the Prophet’s birthday (12

Christianity

‫ﺳُﻘﻒ‬ ْ ‫ُأ‬ pl. ‫أﺳﺎِﻗﻔﺔ‬, ‫ﻒ‬ ُ ‫أﺳﺎِﻗ‬

bishop

‫ﺼَﺢ‬ َ ‫أْﻓ‬

ْ ‫ُأ‬ ‫ﺳُﻘِﻔ َّﻴﺔ‬

bishopric

‫ﺻﺤﺎح‬ ْ ‫أ‬

Bible chapter

‫ُأْﻗُﻨﻮم‬ pl. ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫أﻗﺎِﻧﻴ‬

litany

to celebrate Easter hypostasis

196

RELIGION

‫أمّ اﻟ ُّﻨﻮر‬

the Virgin Mary

‫ﺠﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫إْﻧ‬

Gospel

ُ ‫ﺟﻴ‬ ِ ‫أﻧﺎ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

ُ ‫ﺟ َّﻨﺎز‬ ُ ‫ﺟﻨﺎِﻧﻴ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺰ‬

funeral procession

‫ﺣِﺮَم‬ َ (a)

to excommunicate

‫إﻳُﻘﻮﻧﺔ‬

icon

‫ﺣُﺮوم‬ ُ

excommunication

‫اﻟﺒﺎﺑﺎ‬

the Pope

ِ ‫ﺣَّﻠﺔ‬

absolution

patriarch

‫ﺣﻮاِري‬ َ

apostle

َ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺎة اﻷَﺑِﺪ َّﻳﺔ‬

eternal life

‫ﻄِﺮﻳﺮك‬ ْ ‫ َﺑ‬،‫ﻄَﺮك‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬ ِ ‫َﺑﻄﺎ‬ pl. ‫رﻛﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺑ‬ ‫ﻄَﺮِﻛ َّﻴﺔ‬

patriarchate

‫ﺧﺎﻃﺊ‬

sinner

‫ب‬ َ ‫( ﺗﺎ‬u)

to repent

‫ﺧِﺪمَ اﻟُﻘّﺪاس‬ َ

to celebrate mass

‫َﺗﺄﱡﻧﺲ‬

incarnation

‫ﻄﻴﺌﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ، ‫ﻄﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ

sin

‫ﺸﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﺒ‬

preaching of the Gospel

‫ﺧﻼص‬ َ

redemption

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺸﻴِﺮ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﺒ‬

missionary (adj.)

‫ﺠِﺮﺑﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

temptation

‫َدْﻳﺮ‬ pl. ‫دِﻳﺮة‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫أْدﻳﺎر‬ ‫ﺧﻴﺮة‬ ِ ‫َذ‬

ِ ‫ُ َﺗﺠﺎ‬. pl. ‫رب‬ ‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫َﺗَﺮﱠﻫ‬

to become a monk

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫َﺗَﺮُّﻫ‬

monasticism

‫ﺴِﺒﻴﺤﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﺗ‬

hymn, song of praise

‫َﺗﻌﺎَﻟﻰ‬

to be exalted (God)

‫َﺗَﻌ َّﻤَﺪ‬

to be baptized

‫َﺗْﻌِﻤﻴﺪ‬

baptism

‫َﺗْﻘَﺪﻳﺲ‬

consecration

‫ِﺗْﻠِﻤﻴﺬ‬ ِ ‫َﺗﻼ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﺬة‬

disciple

monastery

relic

pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َذﺧﺎﺋ‬

‫راِﻫﺐ‬ pl. ‫ﻫﺒﺎن‬ ْ ‫ُر‬ ‫راِﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ِرﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬ ُ ‫َرﺳﺎﺋ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬

monk

nun calling (e.g. of a priest)

‫ﺳَﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺴﻮ‬ ُ ‫ِرﺳﺎﻣﺔ ُﻗ‬

ordination

‫َرِﻋﻴﺔ‬

parish (believers)

‫اﻟ ُّﺮوح اﻟُﻘْﺪس‬

the Holy Ghost

‫ﺳﺎِدن‬ َ‫ﺳ‬ َ pl. ‫ﺪﻧﺔ‬

‫َﺗَﻨﺎَولَ اﻟُﻘْﺮﺑﺎن‬

to receive Communion

‫ﺼَﺮ‬ َّ ‫َﺗَﻨ‬

to become a Christian

‫َﺗْﻮﺑﺔ‬

penance

‫ﺠﻴﻢ‬ ِ ‫ﺟ‬ َ (f./m.)

hell(fire)

pl. ‫ﺳﺮار‬ ْ ‫أ‬

‫ﺤِﺰﻳﻨﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺠْﻤﻌﺔ اﻟ‬ ُ ‫اﻟ‬

Good Friday

ِ ‫ﺳْﻔﺮ اﻟ َّﺘْﻜِﻮﻳﻦ‬

sexton

َ ‫ﺳْﺒﺖ اﻟ ُّﻨﻮر‬

Easter Saturday

ُ ‫ﺴَّﺪة اﻟَّﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﻮرِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬ ُّ ‫اﻟ‬

the Holy See

‫ﺳّﺮ‬ ِ

sacrament

genesis

RELIGION

ِ ‫ﺳْﻔﺮ اﻟ ُّﺮؤﻳﺎ‬

the Apocalypse

َّ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻼق‬

ascension of Christ

‫ﺷْﺮﻛﺔ‬ ِ

communion

‫ﺷﱠﻤﺎس‬ َ pl. ‫ﻣﺴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ َ

deacon

197

‫ﻋﻴﺪ اﻟِﺒﺸﺎرة‬

Annunciation

ُ ‫ﻋﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺣُﻠﻮل اﻟ ُّﺮوح‬ ‫اﻟُﻘْﺪس‬

Whitsuntide

ُّ ‫ﻋﻴﺪ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺼُﻌﻮد‬

Ascension Day

‫ﻋﻴﺪ اﻟِﻐﻄﺎس‬

Epiphany

ُ ‫ب‬ ّ ‫ﺻُﻌﻮد اﻟَّﺮ‬

Ascension

‫ﻋﻴﺪ اﻟُﻘْﺮﺑﺎن‬

Corpus Christi

َ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺼﻼة اﻟ َّﺮ َّﺑﺎِﻧ َّﻴﺔ‬

the Lord’s Prayer

‫ﺴﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﻴﺪ ُﻛﻞّ اﻟِﻘ َّﺪﻳ‬

All Saints Day

‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﺻَﻠ‬ َ (i)

to crucify

‫ﻋﻴﺪ اﻟِﻤﻴﻼد‬

Christmas

cross

‫ُﻏْﻔﺮان‬

forgiveness

‫ﺼﺢ‬ ْ ‫ِﻓ‬

Easter

Lent

pl. ‫ﺼﻮح‬ ُ ‫ُﻓ‬

monk’s cell

‫ُﻗ َّﺒﺔ‬

‫ﺻِﻠﻴﺐ‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﺻْﻠﺒﺎن‬ ‫ﺼْﻮم اﻟَﻜِﺒﻴﺮ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺻْﻮَﻣﻌﺔ‬ َ pl. ‫ﻊ‬ ُ ‫ﺻﻮاِﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻃْﻘﺲ‬ َ ُ pl. ‫ﻃُﻘﻮس‬

rite, liturgy

‫ِﻗْﺒﻂ‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﺒﺎط‬

dome Copt

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻄ‬ ِ ‫ِﻗْﺒ‬

Coptic

‫ُﻗَّﺪاس‬

mass

godmother

‫س‬ َ ‫َﻗ َّﺪ‬

to canonize

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺴِّﺮ‬ ِّ ‫اﻟَﻌﺸﺎء اﻟ‬

the Last Supper

‫ﻗَّﺪمَ اﻟُﻘْﺮﺑﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ‬

to read mass for someone

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻋْﻠﻤﺎِﻧ‬

layman

‫اﻟَﻘ ُّﺪوس‬

the Most Holy (= God)

‫َﻋ َّﻤَﺪ‬

to baptize

‫ِﻗِّﺪﻳﺲ‬

saint

‫ﺼﺮة‬ ُ ‫اﻟُﻌْﻨ‬

Pentecost

‫ب‬ َ ‫َﻗَّﺮ‬

to administer Communion

‫ﺠِﺪﻳﺪ‬ َ ‫اﻟَﻌْﻬﺪ اﻟ‬

the New Testament

‫ُﻗْﺮﺑﺎن‬

Eucharist

‫اﻟَﻌْﻬﺪ اﻟَﻘِﺪﻳﻢ‬

the Old Testament

‫ُﻗْﺮﺑﺎﻧﺔ‬

Holy Communion

‫اﻟَﻌﻮاّم‬

the laity

‫ﺴﻮﺳﺔ‬ ُ ‫ُﻗ‬

priesthood

‫َﻋ َّﻴَﺪ‬

to celebrate a feast

‫ِﻋﻴﺪ‬

feast

‫اﻟَﻌْﺬراء‬

the Holy Virgin

‫َﻋَّﺮاب‬

godfather

pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫ﻗََﺪاِدﻳ‬

‫َﻋ َّﺮاﺑﺔ‬

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﻴﺎد‬

َّ ‫ِﻗ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺲ‬ priest, minister pl. ‫ون‬-, ‫وﺳﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺴﺎ‬ َ ‫َﻗ‬, ‫ﺴﺎن‬ ّ ‫ُﻗ‬, ‫ﺴﺔ‬ ّ ‫أِﻗ‬, ‫ﺴﺎء‬ ّ ‫ُﻗ‬ ‫ِﻗﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬

resurrection

198

COLOURS

‫ﻛﺎِﺛﺪراﺋ َّﻴﺔ‬

cathedral

‫ﺴﻴﺢ‬ ِ ‫اﻟﻤ‬

the Anointed

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻛﺎُﺛﻮِﻟﻴِﻜ‬

Catholic

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺤ‬ ِ ‫ﺴﻴ‬ ِ ‫َﻣ‬

Christian

‫ﻛﺎﺛﻮﻟﻴﻜﻲّ ُﻣﻤﺎِرس‬

practising Catholic

ِ ‫ﺴﻴ‬ ِ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﺤ َّﻴﺔ‬

Christianity

‫ﻛﺎِرز‬

preacher

‫ﻄَﻬﺮ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

purgatory

diviner, soothsayer

‫َﻣْﻌُﻤﻮِد َّﻳﺔ‬

baptism, baptismal feast

‫َﻣﻼك‬

angel

‫ﻛﺎِﻫﻦ‬ َ ‫َﻛ‬, ‫ُﻛَﻬﺎن‬ pl. ‫ﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟِﻜﺘﺎب اﻟُﻤَﻘَﺪس‬ ‫َﻛِﻨﻴﺴﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﺲ‬ ُ ‫َﻛﻨﺎﺋ‬ ‫َﻛِﻨﻴﺴﺔ َرْﻋِﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﺮة‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﺒ‬ pl. ‫ات‬-, ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫َﻣﺒﺎ‬ ُ‫ﺧ‬

Holy Bible church

َ , ‫َﻣﻼﺋﻜﺔ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻼﺋﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻼك ﺣﺎِرس‬

guardian angle

parish church

‫ﺴَﻤﻮات‬ َ ‫َﻣَﻠُﻜﻮت اﻟ‬

the Kingdom of Heaven

censer, thurible

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َﻣَﻠُﻜﻮِﺗ‬

heavenly, divine

‫ِﻣْﻨَﺒﺮ‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﻨﺎِﺑ‬

pulpit

‫ﺸﺮ‬ ِّ ‫ُﻣَﺒ‬

evangelist, missionary

َّ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﺠَﺪ‬

to glorify

‫اﻟِﻤﻴﻼد‬

Nativity

‫ﺨِّﻠﺺ‬ َ ‫ُﻣ‬

redeemer

َّ ‫َﻧ‬ ‫ﺼَﺮ‬

to convert to Christianity (trans.)

psalm

‫ﺸﺮ‬ ْ ‫اﻟَﻮﺻﺎﻳﺎ اﻟَﻌ‬

the Ten Commandments

‫ﺴﻮع‬ ُ ‫َﻳ‬

Jesus

‫َﻳْﻮم اﻟِّﺪﻳﻦ‬

Judgement Day

‫ﻀﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

green

‫َﻣْﺰُﻣﻮر‬ pl. ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫َﻣﺰاِﻣﻴ‬ ‫ﺴَﺒﺠﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴﺎِﺑ‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬ pl. ‫ﺢ‬

rosary

Colours ‫أْﺑَﻴﺾ‬

white

ْ ‫ﺧ‬ َ , pl. ‫ﻀﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ f. ‫ﻀﺮاء‬

f. ‫َﺑْﻴﻀﺎء‬, pl. ‫ِﺑﻴﺾ‬

‫ﺣَﻤﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

red

f. ‫ﻤﺮاء‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ َ , pl. ‫ﺣْﻤﺮ‬ ُ

‫ﺟﻮان‬ ُ ‫أْر‬

purple

‫أْزَرق‬

blue

ْ ‫َز‬, pl. ‫ُزْرق‬ f. ‫رﻗﺎء‬

‫ﺣَﻤﺮ ﻓﺎِﺗﺢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

scarlet

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺣَﻤﺮ ِﻗْﺮِﻣِﺰ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

crimson

‫ﺳَﻔﻊ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ , pl. ‫ﺳْﻔﻊ‬ ُ f. ‫ﺳْﻔﻌﺎء‬

dark brown

THE ZODIAC

‫ﺳَﻤﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

brown

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺧْﻤِﺮ‬ َ

199 reddish brown, wine-coloured

ْ ‫ﺳ‬ َ . pl. ‫ﺳﻤﺮ‬ ُ f. ‫ﻤﺮاء‬

‫داِﻛﻦ‬

dark(-coloured)

‫َدْﻟَﻬﻢ‬

deep black

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫َذَﻫِﺒ‬

gold

‫ي‬ ّ ‫ُرﻣﺎِد‬

grey

‫ﺠﻮِﻧﻰ‬ ُ ‫ﺳَﻤْﻨ‬ َ

azure

َ ‫ﺷَّﻔﺎف‬

transparent

‫ﻏﺎِﻣﻖ‬

dark

‫ﻓﺎِﺗﺢ‬

light

‫ﻓﺎِﻗﻊ‬

bright

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻀ‬ ِّ ‫ِﻓ‬

silver

‫ِﻗْﺮِﻣِﺰي‬

scarlet

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺤِﻠ‬ ْ ‫ُﻛ‬

dark blue, navy

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺴَﺘﻨﺎﺋ‬ ْ ‫َﻛ‬

maroon

2. purple, violet

‫ﺸﺮة‬ ْ ‫َﻟْﻮن اﻟَﺒ‬

skin-coloured

‫ُﺑ ِّﻨﻲ‬

coffee-coloured, brown

‫ُﻣَﻠ َّﻮن‬

multi-coloured

‫َﺑْﻴﺞ‬

beige

‫ي‬ ّ ‫َوْرِد‬

pink

Leo

‫ﺠْﻮزاء‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

Gemini

sign (of the zodiac)

‫ﺤﻮت‬ ُ ‫اﻟ‬

Pisces

‫ﺤَﻤﻞ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

Aries

‫ﺧِﺮﻳﻄﺔ اﻟُﺒُﺮوج‬ َ

horoscope

‫ﺳَﻮد‬ ْ ‫أ‬

black

ْ‫ﺳ‬ َ , pl. ‫ﺳﻮد‬ ُ f. ‫ﻮداء‬ ‫ﺷَﻘﺮ‬ َ ‫أ‬

1. blond

َ , pl. ‫ﺷْﻘﺮ‬ ُ f. ‫ﺷْﻘﺮاء‬

2. chestnut

‫ﺳَﻮد ﻗﺎِﺗﻢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

pitch black

‫ﺻَﻔﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

yellow

َ , pl. ‫ﺻْﻔﺮ‬ ُ f. ‫ﺻْﻔﺮاء‬ ‫ﺻَﻔﺮ ﺑﺎِﻫﺖ‬ ْ ‫أ‬

cream

‫ﺤﻞ‬ َ ‫أْﻛ‬

black (eye)

ْ ‫َﻛ‬, pl. ‫ﺤﻞ‬ ْ ‫ُﻛ‬ f. ‫ﺤﻼء‬ ‫ﺑﺎِﻫﺖ‬

pale, faded

‫ُﺑْﺮُﺗﻘﺎِﻟﻲ‬

orange

‫ﺠﻲ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫َﺑَﻨْﻔ‬

1. lilac

The zodiac ‫ﺳﺪ‬ َ ‫اﻷ‬ ‫ُﺑْﺮج‬ pl. ‫ُﺑﺮوج‬ ‫ﺠﻴﻢ‬ ِ ‫َﺗْﻨ‬

astrology

‫اﻟَﺜْﻮر‬

Taurus

‫ﺠْﺪي‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬

Capricorn

‫اﻟ َّﺪْﻟﻮ‬ ‫اﻟ َّﺮاِﻣﻲ‬

Aquarius Sagittarius

200

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

‫ﺣﻞ‬ َ ‫ُز‬

Saturn

‫اﻟَﻜْﻮن‬

the Universe

‫اﻟ ُّﺰْﻫﺮة‬

Venus

َ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﺠ َّﺮة‬

galaxy, Milky Way

َّ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴَﺮﻃﺎن‬

Cancer

‫ِﻣِّﺮﻳﺦ‬

Mars

‫اﻟَﻌْﺬراء‬

Virgo

‫ﺸَﺘِﺮى‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

Jupiter

‫اﻟَﻌْﻘَﺮب‬

Scorpio

‫ﺠﻢ‬ ‫ُﻣَﻨ ﱢ‬

astrologer

‫َﻓﻀﺎء‬

cosmic space

‫ﻄﻘﺔ اﻟُﺒﺮوج‬ َ ‫ِﻣْﻨ‬

zodiac

‫اﻟِﻤﻴﺰان‬

Libra

‫ِﻫﻼل‬

new moon

‫َﻛْﻮَﻛﺐ‬ ُ ‫َﻛﻮاِﻛ‬ pl. ‫ﺐ‬

planet

Weights and measures ‫أوِﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫َﺑْﺮِﻣﻴﻞ‬ ُ ‫َﺑﺮاِﻣﻴ‬ pl. ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ُﺑﻮﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﻊ‬ ْ ‫ُﺗ‬ pl. ‫أْﺗﺴﺎع‬ ‫َﺛِﻘﻴﻞ‬ pl. ‫ِﺛﻘﺎل‬, ‫ُﺛَﻘﻼء‬ ‫ُﺛْﻤﻦ‬ pl. ‫أْﺛﻤﺎن‬

ounce barrel

inch

‫( ِذراع‬f./m.)

‫ﺳْﺪس‬ ُ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺳﺪاس‬

heavy

‫ﺳﻨﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬

eighth

fifth

cubit

ُ ‫أْذ‬, ‫ُذْرﻋﺎن‬ pl. ‫رع‬ ‫ُرْﺑﻊ‬ pl. ‫رﺑﺎع‬ ْ‫أ‬

‫ﺳْﺒﻊ‬ ُ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺳﺒﺎع‬

ninth

light ‫ﺧِﻔﻴﻒ‬ َ ِ , ‫ﺧﻔﺎف‬ ْ ‫أ‬, ‫ﺧَﻔﺎء‬ ِ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺧﻔﺎف‬

‫ﺧْﻤﺲ‬ ُ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﺧﻤﺎس‬

‫ﻃﻞ‬ ْ ‫َر‬ pl. ‫رﻃﺎل‬ ْ‫أ‬

quarter

‫ﺷْﺒﺮ‬ ِ pl. ‫ﺷﺒﺎر‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻃّﻦ‬ ُ

rotl (variable Levantine measure) seventh

sixth

centimetre span of the hand

ton

ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻃﻨﺎن‬ َّ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﻃﻦّ ُﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﺸﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻋ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻋﺸﺎر‬ ‫ﻈﻴﻢ‬ ِ ‫َﻋ‬ َ ‫ُﻋ‬, ‫ِﻋﻈﺎم‬ pl. ‫ﻈﻤﺎُء‬ ‫ﻏﺮام‬

register ton tenth

great

gram

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

‫س‬ َ ‫( ﻗﺎ‬i) ‫ﻗﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫َﻗَﺪم‬ pl. ‫أْﻗﺪام‬ ‫ﺼﻴﺮ‬ ِ ‫َﻗ‬ pl. ‫ِﻗﺼﺎر‬

to measure

‫ِﻟْﺘﺮ‬

fathom (6 feet)

pl. ‫ات‬-

foot

‫ِﻣْﺘﺮ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﺘﺎر‬

short

little, few ‫َﻗِﻠﻴﻞ‬ pl. ‫أِﻗﻼُء‬, ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫ﻗﻼﺋ‬, ‫ِﻗﻼل‬

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ِﻗﻴﺎ‬

comparable

‫ﻗﻴﺮاط‬

carat

‫َﻛِﺒﻴﺮ‬

big

pl. ‫ﻛﺒﺎر‬ ِ , ‫ُﻛَﺒﺮاء‬

‫َﻛِﺜﻴﺮ‬ pl. ‫ون‬-, ‫ﻛﺜﺎر‬ ِ

many, much

201 litre

metre

‫ﺴَﺘِﺪﻳﺮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

round

‫ﺴَﺘِﻘﻴﻢ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣ‬

straight

‫ﻣﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬

millimetre

‫ﺤِﻨﻰ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

crooked, bent

‫ِﻣﻴﻞ‬ pl. ‫ﻣﻴﺎل‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ‫ي‬ ّ ‫ﺤِﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣﻴﻞ َﺑ‬ ‫ﺼﻒ‬ ْ ‫ُﻧ‬ pl. ‫أْﻧﺼﺎف‬ ‫َوْزن‬

‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻏﺮام‬

kilogram

pl. ‫وزان‬ ْ‫أ‬

‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ‬

kilometre

(‫َوَزنَ )َﻳِﺰُن‬

mile

nautical mile half

weight

to weigh

202

APPENDIX I

Appendix I Arab regions, countries and capitals

‫اُﻷْرُدّن‬ ‫َﻋَﻤﺎن‬

Jordan Amman

‫ﺳﻴﺎ‬ ِ ‫آ‬

Asia

‫إﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺎ‬

Africa

ِّ ‫إﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺎ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸﻤﺎِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻣﺎرات اﻟَﻌَﺮِﺑ َّﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺪة‬ ِ ‫اﻟُﻤ َّﺘ‬ ‫ﻇِﺒﻲ‬ َ ‫أُﺑﻮ‬ ‫ﺴﻮدان‬ ُّ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻃﻮم‬ ُ ‫ﺨْﺮ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ُﺗﻮِﻧﺲ‬ ‫ُﺗﻮِﻧﺲ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﺠﺰاﺋﺮ‬ َ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺳﻮِرﻳﺎ‬ ُ ‫ﺸﻖ‬ ْ ‫ِدَﻣ‬ ‫ﺠَﺮْﻳﻦ‬ ْ ‫اﻟَﺒ‬ ‫اﻟَﻤﻨﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ُﻋﻤﺎن‬

North Africa

‫ﺳﻂ‬ َ ‫ﺸْﺮق اﻷْو‬ َّ ‫أﻟ‬

the Middle East

‫اﻟِﻌﺮاق‬

Iraq

‫َﺑْﻐﺪاد‬ ‫ﻄﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ِﻓَﻠ‬ ‫رام اﻟﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻄﺮ‬ َ ‫َﻗ‬

The United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi Sudan Khartoum Tunisia Tunis Algeria Algiers Syria Damascus Bahrain Manama Oman

‫ﺴَﻘﻂ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

Muscat

َّ ‫أﻟ‬ ‫ﺸْﺮق اﻷْدَﻧﻰ‬

the Near East

‫اﻟَّﺪْوﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟُﻜَﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫َﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻛﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ُﻟْﺒﻨﺎن‬ ‫َﺑْﻴُﺮوت‬ ‫ِﻟﻴِﺒﻴﺎ‬ (‫ﻃَﺮاُﺑُﻠﺲ )اﻟَﻐْﺮب‬ َ ‫ﺼﺮ‬ ْ ‫ِﻣ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎِﻫﺮة‬ ‫اﻟَﻤْﻐِﺮب‬ ‫اﻟَّﺮﺑﺎط‬ َّ ‫اﻟَﻤْﻤَﻠﻜﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴُﻌﻮِدّﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟَّﺮﻳﺎض‬ ‫اﻟَﻴَﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺻْﻨﻌﺎء‬ َ

Baghdad Palestine Ramalla Qatar Doha Kuwait Kuwait City Lebanon Beirut Libya Tripoli (of the West) Egypt Cairo Morocco Rabat the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Riyadh The Yemen Sanaa

APPENDIX II

203

Appendix II Selected non-Arab regions, countries and capitals

‫ﺳﺒﺎِﻧﻴﺎ‬ ْ ‫إ‬ ‫ﻣﺪرﻳﺪ‬ ‫أﺳﺘﺮاﻟﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﻧﻰ‬ ‫اﻻرﺟﻨﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﻳﻨﺲ أﻳﺮس‬ ‫أْﻟﻤﺎِﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫َﺑْﺮِﻟﻴﻦ‬

Spain Madrid Australia Sydney Argentina Buenos Aires Germany Berlin

َ ‫أﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺠُﻨﻮِﺑ َّﻴﺔ‬

South America

ِّ ‫أﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺸﻤﺎِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

North America

‫ﻄﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫أْﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ اﻟُﻮ‬

Central America

‫ِاﻧﻜﻠﺘَّﺮا‬

England

‫أوروﺑﺎ‬

Europe

‫إﻳﺮﻟﻨﺪا‬

Ireland

‫دﺑﻠﻦ‬ ‫إﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻼﻧﻮ‬ ‫ﻈَﻤﻰ‬ ْ ‫ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎ اﻟُﻌ‬ ‫َﻟْﻨَﺪن‬ ‫ُﺑْﺮُﺗﻐﺎل‬ ‫ﺸﺒﻮﻧﺔ‬ ْ ‫ِﻟ‬ ‫ﺠﻴﻜﺎ‬ ِ ‫ِﺑﻠ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﻞ‬ ِ ‫ﺑُﺮْﻛ‬ ‫ُﺗْﺮِﻛﻴﺎ‬ ‫أْﻧﻘﺮة‬

Dublin Italy Milan Great Britain London Portugal Lisbon Belgium Brussels Turkey Ankara

‫ﺟﻨﻮبِ إﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺎ‬ ُ

South Africa

‫ﺑﺮﻳﺘﻮرﻳﺎ‬

Pretoria

‫اﻟﺪاﻧﻤﺎرك‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺑﻮﻫﺎﻏﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎ‬ ِ ‫ُرو‬ ‫ﺳُﻜﻮ‬ ْ ‫ُﻣﻮ‬ ُّ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴِﻮﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺳُﺘْﻜُﻬﻮﻟﻢ‬ ْ ‫إ‬ ‫ﺼﻴﻦ‬ ِّ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺑﻴِﻜﻴﻦ‬ ‫َﻓَﺮْﻧﺴﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎِرﻳﺲ‬ ‫ِﻓْﻨَﻠْﻨﺪا‬ ‫ﺴْﻨِﻜﻲ‬ ِ ‫َﻫْﻠ‬ ‫ا ُّﻟﻨْﺮِوﻳﺞ‬ ‫ﺳُﻠﻮ‬ ْ ‫ُأو‬ ‫ِﻧْﻤﺴﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻮَﻟْﻨﺪا‬

Denmark Copenhagen Russia Moscow Sweden Stockholm China Beijing France Paris Finland Helsinki Norway Oslo Austria Vienna The Netherlands

‫أﻣﺴﺘﺮدام‬

Amsterdam

‫ﻻﻫﺎي‬

The Hague

‫ﺤﺪة‬ ِ ‫أﻟِﻮﻻﻳﺎت اﻟُﻤ َّﺘ‬ ‫اﻷﻣِﺮﻳِﻜَّﻴﺔ‬ ‫وﺷﻨﻄﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻴﺎﺑﺎن‬ ‫ﻃﻮﻛﻴﻮ‬ ‫اﻟُﻴﻮﻧﺎن‬ ‫أﺛﻴﻨﺎ‬

United States of America Washington Japan Tokyo Greece Athens

204

APPENDIX III

Appendix III International organizations

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫اِﻻَّﺗﺤﺎد اُﻷوُرِﺑ‬

the European Union (EU)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫اِﻻﺗﺤﺎد اﻹْﻓِﺮﻳِﻘ‬

the African Union

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺤﺪة اﻷْﻧﻤﺎﺋ‬ ِ ‫َﺑْﺮﻧﺎِﻣﺞ اُﻷَﻣﻢ اﻟُﻤَّﺘ‬

the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫اﻟَﺒْﻨﻚ اﻟُّﺪَوِﻟ‬

the World Bank

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫اﻟَﺒْﻨﻚ اﻟَﻤْﺮَﻛِﺰيّ اُﻷوُرَّﺑ‬

the European Central Bank

v ‫ﻲﻟ‬ ّ ‫اﻟَﺒْﻨﻚ اﻟ ُّﺪَوِﻟ‬ ‫ﻼْﻧﺸﺎء و اﻠ َّﺘْﻌِﻤﻴﺮ‬

the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)

‫ﺟﺎِﻣﻌﺔ اﻟ ُّﺪَول اﻟَﻌَﺮﺑّﻴﺔ‬

the Arab League

‫ﺴِﻠِﻤﻴﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺧﻮان اﻟُﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺔ اﻹ‬ َ

the Muslim Brotherhood

َّ ‫ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺔ اﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻀﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺴﻼم اَﻷ‬

Greenpeace

َ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺠْﻤِﻌﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﺎ َّﻣﺔ‬

the General Assembly (UN)

‫اﻟ ُّﺪَول اﻟُﻤْﻨِﺘﺠﺔ ﻟﻠ َّﻨْﻔﻂ‬

non-OPEC countries

‫َﻏْﻴﺮ اَﻷْﻋﻀﺎء ِﻓﻲ ُأوَﺑﻚ‬ ‫ﺳﻼِﻣّﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫اﻟَّﺮاِﺑﻄﺔ اﻹ‬

The Muslim League

‫ﺳﻴﺎ‬ ِ ‫ﺷْﺮق آ‬ َ ‫ﺟُﻨﻮب‬ َ ‫راِﺑﻄﺔ ُدَول‬

the Association of Southeast Asian Nations

ُ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺻْﻨُﺪوق اﻟَّﻨْﻘﺪ اﻟُّﺪَوِﻟ‬

the International Monetary Fund (IMF)

‫اﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ اُﻷوِﻟْﻤِﺒَّﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﺎَﻟِﻤ َّﻴﺔ‬

the International Olympic Committee (IOC)

‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﻷْﻣﻦ‬

the Security Council (UN)

ْ ‫َﻣ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫ﺨِﻠﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺠِﻠﺲ اﻟَّﺘﻌﺎُون اﻟ‬

the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)

‫ﺠُﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟَﺜﻤﺎِﻧﻲ‬ ْ ‫َﻣ‬

the G8

ِ ‫ﺤَﻜﻤﺔ اﻟ‬ ْ ‫اﻟَﻤ‬ ‫ﺠﻨﺎﺋَّﻴﺔ اﻟُّﺪَوِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

the International Criminal Court (ICC)

‫َﻣﺤَﻜﻤﺔ اﻟَﻌْﺪل اﻟ ُّﺪَوِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬

the International Court of Justice

ِ ‫اﻟُﻤَﻔ َّﻮ‬ ‫ﺿ َّﻴﺔ اُﻷوروِﺑ َّﻴﺔ‬

the European Commission

ِ ‫ُﻣَﻔ َّﻮ‬ ‫ﺟﺌﻴﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﺸُﺆون اﻟﻼ‬ ُ ‫ﺿ َّﻴﺔ ﺳﺎِﻣ َّﻴﺔ ﻟ‬

the High Commission for Refugees

َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اﻷْﻏِﺬ َّﻳﺔ و اﻟِّﺰراﻋﺔ‬

the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

‫و اﻟَّﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬

(ISESCO)

APPENDIX III

َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اﻷْﻗﻄﺎر اﻟَﻌَﺮِﺑ َّﻴﺔ اﻟُﻤ‬ ‫ﺼِّﺪرة ﻟﻠ َّﻨْﻔﻂ‬

205

the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)

‫ﺤﺪة‬ ِ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اُﻷَﻣﻢ اﻟُﻤ َّﺘ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬ ِ ‫ُﻣْﺆَﺗَﻤﺮ اُﻷَﻣﻢ اﻟُﻤَّﺘ‬ ‫ﺤﺪة ﻟﻠِّﺘﺠﺎرة و اﻟَّﺘْﻨِﻤ َّﻴﺔ‬

the United Nations (UN) the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)

َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اُﻷَﻣﻢ اﻟُﻤَّﺘ‬ ‫ﺤﺪة ﻟﻠَّﺘْﺮِﺑ َّﻴﺔ‬ (‫ﺴُﻜﻮ‬ ْ ‫واﻟِﻌْﻠﻢ و اﻟ َّﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ )اﻟُﻴﻮِﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اُﻷَﻣﻢ اﻟُﻤَّﺘ‬ ‫ﺼﻨﺎِﻋ َّﻴﺔ‬ َِّ ‫ﺤﺪة ﻟﻠَّﺘْﻨِﻤَّﻴﺔ اﻟ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬

the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Culture Organization (UNESCO) the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)

ْ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اﻟَﺒ‬ ‫ﺤِﺮَّﻳﺔ اﻟُّﺪَوِﻟ َّﻴﺔ‬ َّ ‫اﻟُﻤَﻨ‬

the International Maritime Organization (IMO)

‫ﻈﻤﺔ اﻟِّﺘﺠﺎرة اﻟﻌﺎَﻟِﻤ َّﻴﺔ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬

the World Trade Organization (WTO)

‫ﻄﻴِﻨّﻴﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺤِﺮﻳﺮ اﻟَﻔَﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اﻟَّﺘ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬

the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)

ّ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اﻟَّﺘﻌﺎُون اِﻻْﻗِﺘﺼﺎِد‬ ‫ي واﻟَّﺘْﻨِﻤ َّﻴﺔ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬

the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

(‫ﺴﻲّ )ﻧﺎﺗﻮ‬ ِ ‫ﻃَﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﺷﻤﺎل اﻷ‬ ِ ‫ﺣْﻠﻒ‬ ِ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬

the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اﻟ ُّﺪَول اﻷْﻣِﺮﻳِﻜّﻴﺔ‬

the Organization of American States (OAS)

َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اﻟ ُّﺪَول اﻟُﻤ‬ ‫ﺼِّﺪرة ﻟﻠ َّﻨْﻔﻂ‬

the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

َّ ‫ﺼ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬ ِّ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺎَﻟِﻤ َّﻴﺔ‬

the World Health Organization (WHO)

َّ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اﻟ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬ ّ ‫ﻄْﻴﺮان اﻟَﻤَﺪِﻧ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻲ واﻟ ُّﺪَوِﻟ‬

the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اﻟَﻌَﻤﻞ اﻟ ُّﺪَوِﻟ‬

the International Labour Organization (ILO)

َ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺎَﻟِﻤ َّﻴﺔ ﻟﻼْرﺻﺎد اﻟ‬ ‫ﺠَّﻮ َّﻳﺔ‬ َّ ‫اﻟُﻤَﻨ‬ v ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اﻟَﻌْﻔﻮ اﻟُّﺪَوِﻟ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬

Amnesty International

‫ﻲ‬ ْ ‫ﺳﻼِﻣ‬ ْ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اﻟُﻤْﺆَﺗَﻤﺮ اﻹ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬

the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)

‫ﺣﺪة اﻹْﻓِﺮﻳِﻘّﻴﺔ‬ ْ ‫ﻈﻤﺔ اﻟَﻮ‬ َّ ‫ُﻣَﻨ‬

the Organization of African Unity (OAU)

‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫اﻟُﻤْﺆَﺗَﻤﺮ اﻟُﻴُﻬﻮِديّ اﻟﻌﺎَﻟِﻤ‬

the World Jewish Congress (WJC)

‫ﺣَﻤﺮ‬ ْ ‫اﻟِﻬﻼل اﻷ‬

the Red Crescent

‫ﺣَﻤﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺼِﻠﻴﺐ اَﻷ‬ َّ ‫َﻫْﻴﺌﺔ اﻟ‬

the Red Cross

‫ﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟَّﺬِّر َّﻳﺔ‬ َّ ‫اﻟَِﻮﻛﺎﻟﺔ اﻟُّﺪوِﻟَّﻴﺔ ﻟﻠ‬

the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

the World Meteorological Organization (WMO)