Coal Information: 2007 Edition

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I E A

S T A T I S T I C S I N T E R N AT I O N A L E N E R G Y A G E N C Y

COAL

INFORMATION

Please note that this PDF is subject to specific restrictions that limit its use and distribution. The terms and conditions are available online at www.iea.org/Textbase/ about/copyright.asp

2007

COAL

INFORMATION

2007 with 2006 data

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY The International Energy Agency (IEA) is an autonomous body which was established in November 1974 within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to implement an international energy programme. It carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among twenty-six of the OECD thirty member countries. The basic aims of the IEA are: n To maintain and improve systems for coping with oil supply disruptions. n To promote rational energy policies in a global context through co-operative relations with non-member countries, industry and international organisations. n To operate a permanent information system on the international oil market. n To improve the world’s energy supply and demand structure by developing alternative energy sources and increasing the efﬁciency of energy use. n To assist in the integration of environmental and energy policies. The IEA member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States. The Slovak Republic and Poland are likely to become member countries in 2007/2008. The European Commission also participates in the work of the IEA.

ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT The OECD is a unique forum where the governments of thirty democracies work together to address the economic, social and environmental challenges of globalisation. The OECD is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments respond to new developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy and the challenges of an ageing population. The Organisation provides a setting where governments can compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice and work to co-ordinate domestic and international policies. The OECD member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States. The European Commission takes part in the work of the OECD.

© OECD/IEA, 2007 International Energy Agency (IEA), Head of Communication and Information Ofﬁce, 9 rue de la Fédération, 75739 Paris Cedex 15, France.

Please note that this publication is subject to speciﬁc restrictions that limit its use and distribution. The terms and conditions are available online at http://www.iea.org/Textbase/about/copyright.asp

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - i

TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................. v PRINCIPLES AND DEFINITIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

General Notes ...................................................................................................................................................... ix Sources................................................................................................................................................................. xi Units and Conversions.......................................................................................................................................xiii Notes on Energy Sources and Flows .................................................................................................................. xv Price Data .......................................................................................................................................................... xix Quarterly Energy Statistics ................................................................................................................................ xxi Geographical Coverage ...................................................................................................................................xxiii Country Notes................................................................................................................................................... xxv Conversion Factors and Calorific Values ........................................................................................................ xxxi

PART I: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

WORLD COAL MARKET REVIEW

Overview.............................................................................................................................................................I.3 Production...........................................................................................................................................................I.5 Consumption.....................................................................................................................................................I.11 Trade.................................................................................................................................................................I.17 Prices ................................................................................................................................................................I.23 CO2 Emissions (2004) ......................................................................................................................................I.29 Coal-To-Liquids: An Alternative Oil Supply?..................................................................................................I.31

PART II:

WORLD COAL OVERVIEW

1. Production Table 1.1: Table 1.2: Table 1.3: Table 1.4: Table 1.5:

World Hard Coal Production ........................................................................................................... II.5 World Coking Coal Production ........................................................................................................ II.7 World Steam Coal Production.......................................................................................................... II.8 World Brown Coal Production ....................................................................................................... II.10 OECD Production of Coke Oven Coke.......................................................................................... II.11

2. Consumption Table 2.1: Table 2.2: Table 2.3: Table 2.4: Table 2.5:

World Hard Coal Consumption...................................................................................................... II.15 World Coking Coal Consumption .................................................................................................. II.18 World Steam Coal Consumption .................................................................................................... II.20 World Brown Coal Consumption ................................................................................................... II.23 OECD Consumption of Coke Oven Coke...................................................................................... II.25

3. Trade Table 3.1: Table 3.2: Table 3.3: Table 3.4:

World and Seaborne Coal Trade .................................................................................................... II.29 World Total Hard Coal Trade......................................................................................................... II.29 World Steam Coal Trade ................................................................................................................ II.30 World Coking Coal Trade .............................................................................................................. II.30

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ii - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)

Table 3.5: Table 3.6: Table 3.7: Table 3.8: Table 3.9: Table 3.10: Table 3.11: Table 3.12: Table 3.13: Table 3.14: Table 3.15: Table 3.16: Table 3.17: Table 3.18: Table 3.19: Table 3.20: Table 3.21: Table 3.22:

World Hard Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates .......................................................................... II.31 World Brown Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates ....................................................................... II.31 World Hard Coal Imports - Selected Countries.............................................................................. II.32 World Brown Coal Imports - Selected Countries........................................................................... II.32 World Coking Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates ...................................................................... II.33 World Steam Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates ........................................................................ II.33 World Coking Coal Imports - Selected Countries .......................................................................... II.34 World Steam Coal Imports - Selected Countries............................................................................ II.34 OECD Coke Oven Coke Imports .................................................................................................. II.35 World Hard Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates ......................................................................... II.36 World Brown Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates ....................................................................... II.36 World Hard Coal Exports - Selected Countries.............................................................................. II.37 World Brown Coal Exports - Selected Countries........................................................................... II.37 World Coking Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates ...................................................................... II.38 World Steam Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates ........................................................................ II.38 World Coking Coal Exports - Selected Countries.......................................................................... II.39 World Steam Coal Exports - Selected Countries............................................................................ II.39 OECD Coke Oven Coke Exports .................................................................................................. II.40

4. Prices Table 4.1: Table 4.2: Table 4.3: Table 4.4: Table 4.5: Table 4.6: Table 4.7: Table 4.8: Table 4.9:

Japan Coking Coal Import Costs .................................................................................................... II.43 EU Coking Coal Import Costs from Selected Countries ................................................................ II.43 Japan Steam Coal Import Costs ..................................................................................................... II.44 EU Steam Coal Import Costs from Selected Countries .................................................................. II.44 Steam Coal Export Costs................................................................................................................ II.45 Coking Coal Export Costs .............................................................................................................. II.45 Coking Coal Prices for Industry ..................................................................................................... II.46 Steam Coal Prices for Industry ....................................................................................................... II.47 Steam Coal Prices for Electricity Generation ................................................................................. II.48

5. Coal for Other Uses Table 5.1: Table 5.2: Table 5.3: Table 5.4:

OECD Coal-Fired and Total Electricity Generating Capacity........................................................ II.51 OECD Coal Use for Electricity Production and Heat Sold ............................................................ II.52 OECD Coal Use in Coke Ovens..................................................................................................... II.53 World Consumption of Pulverised Coal Injection (PCI) Coals...................................................... II.53

6. Charts Chart 1: Chart 2: Chart 3: Chart 4: Chart 5: Chart 6: Chart 7: Chart 8: Chart 9: Chart 10: Chart 11: Chart 12: Chart 13: Chart 14:

World Steam and Coking Coal Production .................................................................................... II.57 World Steam and Coking Coal Trade............................................................................................. II.57 Coking Coal Price CIF Japan and CIF EU Member States (US$/t) ............................................... II.58 Steam Coal Price CIF Japan and CIF EU Member States (US$/t) ................................................. II.58 Steam Coal Price US FOB vs. US Domestic (US$/t)..................................................................... II.59 Steam Coal Price CIF EU Member States (US$/t) and US Exports (mt)....................................... II.59 OECD Total Primary Energy Supply ............................................................................................. II.60 OECD Coal Consumption and Indicators ...................................................................................... II.60 Japan Steam Coal Supply, Imports, GDP Annual Growth Rates ................................................... II.61 EU Member States Steam Coal Supply, Imports, GDP Annual Growth Rates.............................. II.61 Hard Coal Production by Region.................................................................................................... II.62 Hard Coal Consumption by Region................................................................................................ II.62 Hard Coal Imports by Region......................................................................................................... II.63 Hard Coal Exports by Region......................................................................................................... II.63

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COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - iii

PART III: DETAILED OECD COAL DATA Directory of Part III Charts and Tables ...........III.3 Special Notes for Charts and Tables ................III.5 OECD Total ...........................................................III.7 OECD North America..........................................III.17 OECD/IEA Pacific...............................................III.26 OECD Europe ......................................................III.35 IEA Total..............................................................III.45 IEA North America ..............................................III.54 IEA Europe ..........................................................III.63 Australia ...............................................................III.72 Austria..................................................................III.81 Belgium................................................................III.89 Canada..................................................................III.98 Czech Republic ..................................................III.107 Denmark.............................................................III.116 Finland ...............................................................III.125 France.................................................................III.133 Germany.............................................................III.142 Greece ................................................................III.152 Hungary..............................................................III.160 Iceland................................................................III.167 Ireland ................................................................III.174 Italy ....................................................................III.182 Japan ..................................................................III.190 Korea..................................................................III.198 Luxembourg .......................................................III.206 Mexico ...............................................................III.213 Netherlands ........................................................III.220 New Zealand ......................................................III.230 Norway...............................................................III.237

Poland................................................................ III.245 Portugal ............................................................. III.254 Slovak Republic................................................. III.262 Spain.................................................................. III.269 Sweden .............................................................. III.277 Switzerland ........................................................ III.285 Turkey................................................................ III.292 United Kingdom ................................................ III.299 United States...................................................... III.308

PART IV:

NON-OECD COAL DATA

General Notes.......................................................IV.3 World Coal Supply and End-Use Statistics 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2003 to 2005........IV.5 National Coal Balances and Trade Statistics: Brazil ...................................................................IV.13 Bulgaria ...............................................................IV.15 People’s Republic of China .................................IV.17 Chinese Taipei.....................................................IV.21 Colombia .............................................................IV.23 Hong Kong, China...............................................IV.26 India.....................................................................IV.28 Indonesia..............................................................IV.30 Israel ....................................................................IV.33 Kazakhstan ..........................................................IV.35 Romania...............................................................IV.39 Russia ..................................................................IV.41 South Africa ........................................................IV.44 Ukraine ................................................................IV.47 Venezuela ............................................................IV.51 Vietnam ...............................................................IV.53

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iv - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)

Units and Technical Abbreviations t kt Mt toe Mtoe tce Mtce kcal MBtu $

: : : : : : : : : :

metric ton = tonne = 1000 kg thousand tonnes million tonnes tonne of oil equivalent million tonnes of oil equivalent tonne of coal equivalent (= 0.7 toe) million tonnes of coal equivalent kilocalories (103 calories) million British thermal units US dollars (unless otherwise specified)

CIF FAS FOB GDP GCV PCI TPES

: : : : : : :

cost, insurance and freight free alongside ship free on board Gross Domestic Product gross calorific value coals for pulverised injection Total Primary Energy Supply

EU FSU UN

: European Union : Former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics/Soviet Union : United Nations

0 or 0.0 : negligible c e .. x

: : : : :

confidential estimated not available nil not applicable

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COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - v

INTRODUCTION IEA Coal Information 2007 is the latest edition of an annual publication intended to provide sound market information on coal to policy and market analysts, and those employed in all sectors of the coal industry. This monitoring and reporting of historical trends and current energy market situation provides a strong foundation for policy and market analysis, to better inform the policy decision process toward selecting policy instruments that are best suited to meet domestic and/or international objectives. IEA Coal Information 2007 brings together in one volume the basic statistics compiled by the IEA on coal supply, consumption, trade and prices. It also includes information on coal by-products. The chapter Principles and Definitions provides important documentation that will assist the reader in correctly using the data in this publication, and to understand the details of statistical methodology and collection practices related to the coal data. This information is structured as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

General Notes Sources Units and Conversions Notes on Energy Sources and Flows Price Data Quarterly Energy Statistics Geographical Coverage Country Notes Conversion Factors and Calorific Values

Part I of the publication provides a review of world coal market developments in 2006. It covers world coal production and coal reserves, coal consumption by type (hard, steam, coking), hard coal trade and hard coal prices.

This edition of the Coal Information will also acquaint the reader with an industry perspective on the potential of coal-to-liquids technologies. Part II provides the reference tables to Part I review on coal production, consumption, trade and prices. Part III provides, in tabular and graphic form, a more detailed and comprehensive statistical picture of coal developments in the 30 OECD Member countries, by region and individually. In addition, calorific values used for preparing national energy balances, and exchange rates used for the reporting of prices in US dollars are presented. Part IV provides for selected non-OECD countries summary statistics on hard coal supply and end-use statistics for about 40 countries and regions worldwide. Complete coal balances and coal trade data for selected years are presented on sixteen major nonOECD coal producing and consuming countries. OECD data are taken from IEA/OECD databases of Energy Statistics that are based on annual and quarterly submissions from OECD Member countries to the Secretariat. The Energy Statistics Division of the IEA Secretariat works closely with national administration to secure consistency in time series and with IEA product definitions and reporting conventions. This effort is supplemented by surveys of energy industry publications, national statistics reports and other material. The finalized data provide the basis for IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries and Energy Statistics of OECD Countries. The non-OECD data are based upon information collected by the IEA Secretariat, official national submissions to the United Nations in Geneva and New York, national energy publications. The resulting synthesis is published in Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries and Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries.

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vi - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)

Users of this publication are directed to the Methodology Section of those publications for more detail on individual non-Member countries covered in the publication.

Ms. Zuzana Dobrotkova contributed to Part I, Part II and Part IV. Mr. Michel Francoeur had overall responsibility for this publication.

Price data in Part I, II and III are derived from the quarterly publication Energy Prices and Taxes. Readers should consult this IEA/OECD publication for detailed information on methodology, data coverage and data sources.

Also in the IEA Secretariat, thanks are due to the nonOECD Member countries section headed by Mr. Riccardo Quercioli, and to the OECD Balances section headed by Ms. Karen Tréanton.

All of Part III tables and selected tables from Part II and IV are available on CD-ROM. Information on ordering CD-ROM and other energy statistics publications is available at the end of this book, and on the IEA website at http://www.iea.org. In addition, a data service is available on the internet, which provides unlimited access through an annual subscription as well as the possibility to obtain data on a pay-per-view basis. Details are available at http://data.iea.org. Further information on reporting methodologies is also available on the IEA Web site. Annual energy data are collected by the Energy Statistics Division (ESD) of the IEA Secretariat, headed by Mr. Jean-Yves Garnier. OECD coal statistics in ESD were the responsibility of Mr. Paul Tepes.

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The Secretariat would also like to thank the Coal Industry Advisory Board for their featured article in Part I. Editorial and secretarial support from Ms. Sharon Burghgraeve and Ms. Susan Stolarow is also gratefully acknowledged. Enquiries, comments and suggestions are welcome and should be addressed to: Michel Francoeur or Paul Tepes Energy Statistics Division, International Energy Agency 9, rue de la Fédération 75739 Paris Cedex 15, France Telephone: (33) (1) 40 57 66 31 or 40 57 65 41 Telefax: (33) (1) 40 57 66 49 E-mail: [email protected]

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - vii

PRINCIPLES AND DEFINITIONS

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COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - ix

1. GENERAL NOTES Energy data for OECD countries in IEA Secretariat databases begin in 1960 with the following exceptions for coal: for Hungary data begin in 1965, and for the Czech Republic, Korea, Mexico and the Slovak Republic data are available from 1971. Prior to 1970, German statistics refer to the former Federal Republic of Germany. Data from 1970 include the new federal states of Germany. The fuels listed as Solar, Wind, Tide include Wave and Ocean, unless otherwise noted.

Qualifiers Data marked as ‘e’ are the estimates of the IEA secretariat. Data point marked as ‘c’ means that data are confidential due to country specific regulations. Data point marked as ‘..’ mean that data are not available (either not collected or not submitted by national government). Data point marked as ‘x’ means that this data point is not applicable, there is no meaningful explanation of a value there (for example we can not

show unit price if there was no trade or if the consumption in the country is forbidden).

Revisions to Blast Furnace Coke and PCI Data Data on coke used and pulverised coal injected in the blast furnace (PCI) are harmonized for all OECD countries in order to ensure that steam and coking coal consumption data are consistently presented and that comparisons between countries for consumption are meaningful. The main effect of these revisions has been to revise the reported consumption of coal in the iron and steel industry. It should be noted that in IEA statistics of coal trade and consumption, PCI is not separately specified; rather it is included with steam coal for all countries (except Japan). This classification is based on the fact that most PCI coal is of a steam coal quality and not coking coal quality. For Japan, PCI consumption is reported in this book as a coking coal in order to be consistent with the Japanese practice of including imports of PCI coal with coking coal.

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COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xi

2. SOURCES Historical Data (1960-2005)

iv) IEA/OECD Renewables Statistics

The annual historical data in Part III of this report are taken from the IEA/OECD databases of energy statistics which are based on annual submissions from all OECD Member countries.

This database of annual statistics for OECD countries covers hydro, solid biomass, geothermal, renewable municipal waste, wind, gas from biomass, solar photovoltaics, solar thermal, tide/wave/ocean, nonrenewable municipal waste and industrial waste. It includes detailed supply/demand balances.

i) IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

The main data from this system are published annually in the IEA/OECD publication Renewables Information.

This database of annual statistics for OECD countries covers all primary solid fuels, derived fuels and related manufactured gases. It contains detailed supply/ demand balances for each fuel, as well as information on coal trade by origin and destination. The main data from this system are published annually in the IEA/OECD publication Coal Information.

ii) IEA/OECD Electricity Statistics This database of annual statistics for OECD countries covers generating capacity and electricity production from main activity producers (formerly known as public) and autoproducers plants. It includes information on electricity production by fuel type and supply/demand balances for electricity and for heat sold to third parties from different types of power and heat plants. The main data from this system are published annually in the IEA/OECD publication Electricity Information.

iii) IEA/OECD Oil and Gas Statistics This database of annual statistics for OECD countries covers crude oil, NGL, refinery feedstocks and natural gas, as well as derived petroleum products. It includes detailed supply/demand balances, trade by origin and destination and stock levels and changes. The main data from this system are published annually in the IEA/OECD publications Oil Information and Natural Gas Information.

v) IEA/OECD Energy Statistics This annual database integrates data from the four IEA/OECD statistical database systems listed above to provide a summary of energy supply and demand for each OECD country. It includes detailed statistics on production, trade and consumption for each source of energy, expressed in original units (e.g. metric tons, TJ, GWh). The main data from this data system are published annually in the IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries. Detailed country notes referring to historical data can be found in this publication.

vi) IEA/OECD Energy Balances Overall energy balances are constructed annually for all OECD countries from the basic energy statistics described above. The overall energy balance data are expressed in a common energy unit of tons of oil equivalent (toe) and presented in a standard matrix format. The balances are published annually in the IEA/OECD publication Energy Balances of OECD Countries in which detailed country notes referring to historical data can be found.

vii) IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes The statistics are discussed separately below. The prices and taxes are published quarterly in IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes.

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xii - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)

viii) Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries The annual historical data for non-OECD countries presented in Part IV of this report are taken from IEA/OECD databases of energy statistics of nonOECD countries. These databases are compiled from data submitted annually to the IEA Secretariat in questionnaires from non-OECD Member countries of the UN ECE, from data provided by other international organisations (UN in New York, OLADE in Quito, APEC in Tokyo and FAO in Rome), from direct communications with national administrations, industry contacts and from published sources. The main data from this data system are published annually in the IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of NonOECD Countries and Energy Balances of Non-OECD

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Countries. Detailed country notes referring to historical data can be found in these publications.

Preliminary 2006 Data - 2006e Data reported for the year 2006 in this publication are preliminary and presented as 2006e. Final 2006 data on Solid Fuels and Manufactured gases will be submitted by OECD Member countries to the Secretariat in Annual Questionnaires in late 2007. As a result, final data for 2006 and preliminary 2007 data will be published in the 2008 edition of Coal Information in July 2008. Selected coal data for 2006 for some non-OECD countries have been estimated by the Secretariat.

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xiii

3. UNITS AND CONVERSIONS Conversion (to toe) All units in this publication are metric units. Most IEA/OECD publications showing inter-fuel relations and projections present such information in a common energy unit, the ton of oil equivalent (toe). A ton of oil equivalent is defined as 107 kcal (41.868 GJ), a convenient measure because it is approximately the net heat content of one ton of average crude oil. This unit is used by the IEA/OECD in its energy balances. Note also that totals may not be the sum of their components due to independent rounding. The change from using the original unit to tonnes of oil equivalent implies choosing coefficients of equivalence between different forms and sources of energy. This problem can be approached in many different ways. For example one could adopt a single equivalence for each major primary energy source in all countries, e.g. 29 307 kJ/kg (7 000 kcal/kg) for hard coal, 41 868 kJ/kg (10 000 kcal/kg) for oil, etc. The main objection to this method is that it results in distortions since there is a wide spread in calorific values between types of coal and individual coal products, and between calorific values of these fuels in different countries. The Secretariat has therefore adopted specific calorific factors supplied by the national administrations for the main categories of each quality of coal and for each flow or use (i.e. production, imports, exports, electricity generation, coke ovens, blast furnaces and industry). The set of particular national calorific values that allow for the conversion of energy sources from original (physical) units to megajoules are presented in the tables on page xxxiii.

The balances are expressed in terms of "net" calorific value. The difference between the "net" and the "gross" calorific value for each fuel is the latent heat of vaporisation of the water produced during combustion of the fuel. For coal and oil, net calorific value is usually around 5 per cent less than gross, for most forms of natural and manufactured gas the difference is 9-10 per cent, while for electricity there is no difference as the concept has no meaning in this case. The use of net calorific value is consistent with the practice of the Statistical Offices of the European Communities and the United Nations. In this report some data are reported in terms of tonnes of coal equivalent (tce) because this unit is more widely used in the international coal industry. A tonne of coal equivalent is defined as 7 million kilocalories. The relation between tonne of oil equivalent (toe) and tonne of coal equivalent (tce) is therefore: 1 tce = 0.7 toe Note that billion refers to thousand million (109). Also, in many cases totals shown in the tables may not be the sum of their components due to independent rounding.

Factors Related to Specific Fuels Gas In the IEA/OECD publication Energy Statistics of OECD Countries all data on gases are expressed in terajoules, on the basis of their gross calorific value. 1 terajoule = 0.00002388 Mtoe.

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xiv - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)

To calculate the net heat content of a gas from its gross heat content, multiply the gross heat content by the appropriate following factor:

Petroleum Products

Natural gas Gas works gas Coke oven gas Blast furnace gas Oxygen steel furnace gas

Refinery Gas Ethane LPG Naphtha Aviation Gasoline Motor Gasoline Jet Fuel Other Kerosene Gas/Diesel Oil Residual Fuel Oil Petroleum Coke Other Products

0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0

Electricity Figures for electricity production, trade, and final consumption are calculated using the energy content of the electricity, i.e. at a rate of 1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe. Hydro-electricity production (excluding pumped storage) and electricity produced by other non-thermal means (wind, tide, photovoltaic, etc.), are accounted for similarly using 1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe. However, the primary energy equivalent of nuclear electricity is calculated from the gross generation by assuming a 33% efficiency, i.e. 1 TWh = (0.086 ÷ 0.33) Mtoe. In the case of electricity produced from geothermal heat the primary equivalent is calculated assuming an efficiency of 10%, so 1 TWh = (0.086 ÷ 0.1) Mtoe, unless the actual value is known.

Crude Oil A single net calorific value is used by the IEA for each Member Country; these values are shown in the tables in the IEA/OECD publication Energy Balances of OECD Countries. These are average conversion factors, with the same factor used to convert production, imports, and exports as well as all consumption.

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The following net calorific values are used for all countries and all years (toe per tonne). 1.150 1.180 1.130 1.075 1.070 1.070 1.065 1.045 1.035 0.960 0.740 0.960

Coal Separate net calorific values for coal production, imports, exports, inputs to power plants, coal used in coke ovens, coal used in blast furnaces, coal used in industry and coal other uses are submitted annually by national Administrations to the Secretariat. Conversion factors for average net calorific value for each OECD member country for 2005 are shown in the table on page xxxiii.

Other Fuels The net heat content of other fuels, expressed in terajoules, is also supplied to the Secretariat by Administrations. The Secretariat receives information on volumes and other characteristics only for certain aggregates of these fuels. 1 terajoule = 0.00002388 Mtoe.

Heat Information on heat is supplied to the Secretariat in terajoules.

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xv

4. NOTES ON ENERGY SOURCES AND FLOWS Coal Coal is a family name for a variety of solid organic fuels and refers to a whole range of combustible sedimentary rock materials spanning a continuous quality scale. For convenience, this continuous series is often divided into four categories: • • • •

Anthracite Bituminous Coal Sub-bituminous Coal Lignite/Brown Coal

Classification of different types of coal into practical categories for use at an international level is difficult for two reasons: Divisions between coal categories vary between classification systems, both national and international, based on calorific value, volatile matter content, fixed carbon content, caking and coking properties, or some combination of two or more of these criteria. Although the relative value of the coals within a particular category depends on the degree of dilution by moisture and ash and contamination by sulphur, chlorine, phosphorous and certain trace elements, these factors do not affect the divisions between categories. Coal quality can vary and it is not always possible to ensure that available descriptive and analytical information is truly representative of the body of coal to which it refers. The International Coal Classification of the Economic Commission for Europe (UN/ECE) recognises two broad categories of coal: i) hard coal - Coal of gross calorific value greater than 5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t) on an ash-free but moist basis and with a mean random reflectance of vitrinite of at least 0.6.

ii) brown coal - Non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value less than 5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t) containing more than 31 per cent volatile matter on a dry mineral matter free basis. The IEA has adopted this definition of Hard Coal and Brown Coal in this book and in other publications for presenting statistics relating to coal production, trade and consumption. It should be stressed that this classification system is based on the inherent qualities of the coal in question and not on the final use of the coal. In this way the classification system attempts to be objective and simple to apply. Furthermore, in order to improve the information base for coal market analysis and projections, these two categories of coal have been further sub-divided in IEA/OECD Coal Statistics from 1978 as follows:

Hard Coal Hard coal is calculated as the sum of Coking coal and Steam coal. Coking coal: defined as hard coal with a quality that allows the production of coke suitable to support a blast furnace charge. Steam coal: defined as all other hard coal not classified as coking coal. Also included are recovered slurries, middlings and other low-grade coal products not further classified by type. Coal of this quality is also commonly known as thermal coal. Note that for the countries listed below, steam coal also includes sub-bituminous coal - Australia, Belgium, Finland, France, Iceland, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Mexico, Portugal and the United States. Except for these 11 countries, steam coal for all other countries in the world is equivalent to the sum of anthracite and other bituminous coal.

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Brown Coal/Lignite Brown coal is calculated as the sum of sub-bituminous coal and lignite. Sub-bituminous coal: defined as non-agglomerating coals with a gross calorific value between 4 165 kcal/kg (17.4 GJ/t) and 5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t). Lignite: defined as non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value less than 4 165 kcal/kg (17.4 GJ/t). Note that for 11 countries (listed above), subbituminous coal is included in steam coal and not brown coal. Primary coal used in pulverised (or granular) coal injection in blast furnaces is commonly abbreviated to PCI (or GCI) coal. (In this book PCI should be read to include GCI). The IEA does not have a separate category for PCI as the term defines a particular end-use for coal. In IEA statistics, PCI is included in steam coal (except for Japan where it is included with coking coal). Data presented in this book may be different from that presented in the national publications of countries because countries may have adopted a different coal classification and reporting system that better suits their particular national needs. As far as possible national coal statistics reported by the IEA in this book and in other publications have been adjusted to be consistent with the IEA definitions noted above. In cases where data presented in Mtoe or Mtce in this book and sourced to OECD/IEA Energy Balances, the term “Coal” includes all primary coal types (including hard coal and brown coal), peat and coal products (including patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, BKB, coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, and oxygen steel furnace gas). Peat is defined as a combustible soft, porous or compressed fossil sedimentary deposit of plant origin with high water content (up to 90 per cent in the raw state), easily cut, of light to dark brown colour.

Coal Products Derived solid fuels are products resulting from the transformation or manufacturing of hard coal, brown coal or other primary solid fuels, sometimes with the addition of other materials.

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Patent Fuel Patent fuel is a composition fuel manufactured from coal fines by shaping with the addition of a binding agent such as pitch.

Coke Oven Coke Coke oven coke is the solid product obtained from carbonisation of coal, principally coking coal, at high temperature. Semi-coke, the solid product obtained from the carbonisation of coal at low temperature is also included along with coke and semi-coke made from lignite.

Gas Coke A by-product of hard coal used for production of town gas in gas works. Gas Coke is used for heating purposes.

Coal Tar Coal tar is the liquid by-product of the destructive distillation of bituminous coal to make coke in the coke oven process. Coal tar can also be the result of low-temperature carbonisation of brown coal. Coal tar can be further distilled into different organic products (e.g. benzene, toluene, naphthalene), which normally would be reported as a feedstock to the petrochemical industry.

Brown Coal Briquettes (BKB) BKB are composition fuels manufactured from brown coal. The brown coal is crushed, dried and moulded under high pressure into an even shaped briquette without the addition of binders. Peat briquettes, dried brown coke, fines and dust and brown coal breeze are also included.

Coke Oven Gas Coke oven gas is obtained as a by-product of solid fuel carbonisation and gasification operations carried out by coke producers and iron and steel plants not connected with gas works and municipal gas plants.

Blast Furnace Gas Blast furnace gas is obtained as a by-product in operating blast furnaces; recovered on leaving the furnace and used partly within the plant and partly in other steel industry processes or used in power stations equipped to burn it.

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xvii

Oxygen Steel Furnace Gas

Gas

This gas is obtained as a by-product of the production of steel in an oxygen furnace; it is recovered on leaving the furnace. The gas is also known as converter gas, LD gas or BOS gas.

Includes natural gas (excluding natural gas liquids) and gas works gas (town gas).

Other Fuels Combustible Renewable and Wastes This category includes all primary combustible fuels other than coal, peat, oil, natural gas and secondary products derived from them. Products may be solid, liquid or gas and cover biomass and materials of animal origin (not necessarily in solid form). In IEA/OECD publications, this category is divided into four parts: • Solid Biomass and Animal Products • Gases and Liquids derived from Biomass • Municipal Waste • Industrial Waste Particular fuels include wood, wood-waste, straw, “black liquor” (a residual from the paper industry), domestic, industrial and municipal waste, landfill gas and sludge gas. Also included are alcohol’s and esters produced from biomass.

Oil Includes crude oil, refinery feedstocks, natural gas liquids, additives, hydrocarbons not of crude oil origin and all petroleum products: LPG, refinery gas, ethane, aviation gasoline, motor gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, gas/diesel oil, residual fuel oil, naphtha, white spirit, lubricants, bitumen, paraffin waxes, petroleum coke and other petroleum products.

Nuclear, Hydro, Geothermal and Solar (includes Wind, Tide, Wave and Ocean unless listed separately). Nuclear includes primary heat equivalent of the electricity produced by a nuclear power plant with an average thermal efficiency of 33%. Hydro includes the energy content of the electricity produced in hydropower plants. Hydro output excludes output from pumped storage plants. Geothermal and solar (including wind, tide, wave and ocean) includes indigenous production of geothermal, solar, wind, tide and wave energy and the use of these energy forms for electricity generation. Unless the actual efficiency of the geothermal process is known, the quantity of geothermal energy entering electricity production at geothermal plants is assuming an average thermal efficiency of 10%. For solar, wind, tide and wave electrical energy, the quantities entering electricity generation are equal to the electrical energy generated.

Heat and Electricity Data collection has been expanded to obtain more disaggregated data on inputs and outputs of ‘combined heat and power’ and on ‘district heating’. Data on heat became available in different years for different countries and thus aggregated country data should be used with caution. Total electricity production includes production from both main activity producers (formerly known as public) and autoproducers. Generally, the split of total electricity production between main activity producers and autoproducers is available only after 1973. However, for the United States no data are available for autoproducers prior to 1989. For Australia, Japan and New Zealand electricity data refer to fiscal years.

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5. PRICE DATA Energy prices are published quarterly in the IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes. IEA data on coal prices are managed in two sub-systems: They vary not only in content but also with respect to the data collection methods. • Import and export unit values • End-user prices

Import and Export Unit Values Import and export unit values are calculated quarterly (March, June, September and December) from national customs statistics import and export volumes and values. The basic data are collected from monthly national trade sources (Japan, United States, Australia and Canada) or provided monthly to the IEA by the Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat). Values recorded at the import stage are the sum of cost, insurance and freight (CIF) but exclude import duties. Values recorded at the export stage (FOB), exclude seaborne or international transport, but include inland transport costs of the exporting country. As far as possible the concept of ‘general imports and exports’ is used. This includes coal imports for reexport with or without processing but excludes transit trade. The definitions of coal categories and the volume and value units used in each of the above source systems vary considerably. A certain amount of regrouping and unit conversions is necessary once the basic data are compiled.

The rules for regrouping coal categories are consistent with the definitions used in the annual IEA/OECD Coal Statistics. Prices are compiled for steam coal and for coking coal. Definitions and the correspondence to national and European classifications are discussed in detail in the quarterly IEA publication Energy Prices and Taxes. Comments in Energy Prices and Taxes on certain data items as well as general background information are developed systematically. Data comments relate mainly to calorific values of specific coal trade flows, and to national coal definitions. Background information covers duties and trade regulations.

End-User Prices End-user prices are collected quarterly from national administrations and other relevant bodies and supplemented with data extracted from national publications. Although a standard approach to reporting the data has been developed, differences in definitions between countries are explained in the notes published in Energy Prices and Taxes. The standard approach to reporting end-use prices can be summarised as follows: • include transport costs to the consumer; • show prices actually paid, i.e. net of rebates; • include taxes which have to be paid by the consumer as part of the transaction and which are not refundable. This excludes value added tax paid in many European countries by industry (including electric power stations) for all goods and services (including energy). In these cases value added tax is refunded to the customer, usually in the form of

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a tax credit. Therefore it is not shown as part of prices. A standard coal quality for international comparisons of end-use prices is not possible given the wide variety of coal qualities in domestic and international coal trade. As a result, only average prices covering different qualities are collected, along with the calorific value of these average qualities. If average prices are not available, prices of a selected coal may be chosen. Accordingly, international comparisons of coal enduse prices may be misleading. Detailed notes concerning these price series are published in Energy Prices and Taxes. Also please refer to Energy Prices and Taxes for detailed description of price mechanism in each country and country specific notes.

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Derived Price Data The information collected on prices is converted by the IEA Secretariat into a variety of secondary data in order to facilitate its analysis. Inter-fuel price comparisons for one country are usually made on the basis of prices per heat unit such as a tonne of coal equivalent. (In the enduser price tables, the conversion factor used for converting gross calories to net calories for natural gas is 0.9). Inter-country price comparisons are made on the basis of a standard currency unit, e.g., US dollars. Prices for regional totals are calculated as weighted average of available price data in the region and therefore prices shown should be considered only indicative.

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xxi

6. QUARTERLY ENERGY STATISTICS Readers who are interested in very recent data should consult the OECD/IEA publication Oil, Gas Coal and Electricity Quarterly Statistics which is published in January, March, June and September each year.

-

Imports from 26 origins and exports to 15 destinations;

-

Trade data for main product groups, LPG and naphta; imports from 43 origins and exports to 30 destinations;

This book provides rapid, accurate and detailed statistics on quarterly production, supply and demand and trade of the major energy forms mainly in, but not limited to, the OECD area. The information contained in this publication consists of:

Natural Gas -

Balances of supply and consumption of OECD Member Countries.

Oil -

Production of crude oil and NGL for the major producers in the world.

-

Refinery balances for crude oil, NGL, refinery feedstocks, and total (including inputs of origin other than crude oil and NGL);

-

Complete product balances of production, trade, refinery intake and output, final consumption, stock levels and changes;

-

Crude, NGL and feedstock imports from 47 origins and exports to 24 destinations;

-

Trade data for main product groups, LPG and naphtha; imports from 43 origins and exports to 30 destinations;

Coal -

World hard coal and brown coal production;

-

World steam coal and coking coal trade;

-

Coking coal and steam coal imports and exports for major OECD countries;

Electricity -

Electricity production, (separately from combustible fuel, nuclear, hydro and other sources) imports, exports and (apparent) consumption in each of the 30 OECD Member countries.

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7. GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE Australia excludes the overseas territories. Denmark excludes the Danish Faroes and Greenland. France includes Monaco but excludes the French overseas territories Guadeloupe, Martinique, Guyane, Réunion, St.-Pierre and Miquelon, New Caledonia and French Polynesia. Italy includes San Marino and the Vatican. Japan includes Okinawa. The Netherlands excludes Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles. Portugal includes the Açores and Madeira. Spain includes the Canary Islands. Switzerland does not include Liechtenstein. The United States includes 50 States and District of Columbia. OECD Total comprises Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, and United States.

The following countries are included in the regional aggregates. OECD Total is the sum of the three regional aggregates. OECD North America comprises Canada, Mexico, United States. OECD Europe comprises Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom. OECD Pacific comprises Australia, Japan, Korea, New Zealand. IEA regional totals include only IEA Member countries and therefore exclude non-IEA Members, shown in italics above. Please note that all OECD Pacific countries are also members of IEA and therefore we refer to it as OECD/IEA Pacific.

With the exception of Iceland, Mexico, Poland1 and the Slovak Republic1, all 30 OECD member countries are also member countries of the IEA.

The European Union Member States 2 comprises Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom.

1. Poland and the Slovak Republic are expected to become member countries of the IEA in 2007.

2. This edition provides statistics up to 2006 and therefore does not include Bulgaria and Romania as both countries became members of the EU in January 2007.

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8. COUNTRY NOTES In many cases data submitted by Member countries to the Secretariat do not conform to the standard reporting methodology or have other particular characteristics. Information set out below will assist readers to interpret data for particular countries and aid in the comparison of data among countries.

Australia All data refer to the fiscal year, July 2004 to June 2005 for 2005. For the 2002 data, the Australian Administration has started to use a new survey methodology which has caused shifts in the structure of industry consumption. The Australian Administration is planning to revise the historical series. Data on blast furnace gas for electricity production by autoproducers begins in 1986. Consumption in wood and wood products is included in paper, pulp and print from 2001 onwards. The drop in BKB production in 2004 was due to a fire in the main production plant. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Austria Historical revisions by the Austrian Administration have resulted in some breaks in series between 1989 and 1990. Other bituminous coal includes hard coal briquettes. "Trockenkohle" is included with BKB because of its high calorific value. Since 1994, gas works gas is reported with natural gas because it is distributed in the same network. The amount of gas works gas is negligible and it is mostly consumed by households. There is no production of brown coal in 2005 due to the closure of the last mine in the second quarter of 2004. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Belgium Sub-bituminous coal data refer to recovered coal products. Production of other bituminous coal ceased on 31 August 1992. Production includes the recuperation of coal from coal dumps. The use of coke oven gas in the chemical and petrochemical sector ceased in 1996. The decrease of bituminous coal and coke oven coke in the iron and steel sector in 2002 is due to the closure of several plants. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Canada Due to the unavailability of data, non-energy use of coke oven coke and hard coal is included with final consumption sectors prior to 1978 and 1980 respectively. Before 1978, lignite inputs to main activity producer heat plants are included in final consumption. Starting in 1979, these inputs are included in main activity producer electricity plants. Due to a Canadian confidentiality law, starting in 2002, some of the disaggregation of primary coal has been estimated by IEA Secretariat. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Czech Republic Data are available starting in 1971. End-use consumption data were submitted by the Czech Administration starting with 1996 data. Due to economic restructuring in the end-use consumption sectors in the late 1990s (big state enterprises subdividing and/or privatising and the utilisation of new technologies by businesses), there might be breaks in time series in these sectors. Prior to 1993, consumption

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was estimated by the Secretariat. Data for 1990 to 1995 were estimated based on the Czech publication Energy Economy Year Book. In 1995, town gas production ceased. Beginning in 1996, the Czech Administration reported gas works gas in autoproducer CHP. In 1997, coke oven gas consumption in chemical and petrochemical stopped. Also in 1997, other bituminous coal started being extracted at a deeper level, which increased the calorific value of this coal. Revisions by the Czech Administration have resulted in some breaks in series between 2001 and 2002. Production from other sources of the bituminous coal in 2004 are coal slurries.

France Prior to 1985, consumption of colliery gas is included with the use of coke oven gas by autoproducers. Final consumption in industry is estimated by the Secretariat from 1986 to 2001 for some products. For 1989 to 1998, the Secretariat has estimated industry consumption based on Consommations d’Energie dans l‘Industrie, SESSI. BKB data for 1994 are Secretariat estimates. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Denmark In the 2004 edition, major revisions were made by the Danish Administration for the 1990 to 2001 data, which may cause breaks in time series between 1989 and 1990. A large increase of steam coal imports in 2003 is related to a draught in Scandinavia. Thermal power plants were operated more intensively to replace hydro-generated electricity that is consumed in the country. Additionally, more coal-generated electricity was exported to other countries in the region. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Finland A new survey system and a reclassification of the data lead to breaks in the time series between 1999 and 2000 for most products and sectors. The new survey system is more detailed and has better product coverage especially in electricity, CHP and heat production, as well as in industry. A large increase of steam coal imports in 2003 is related to a draught in Scandinavia. Thermal power plants were operated more intensively to replace hydro-generated electricity that is consumed in the country. Additionally, more coal-generated electricity was exported to other countries in the region. The first coking plant started operation in 1987, hence imports of coking coal and production of coke oven coke and coke oven gas started in that year. The increase of other bituminous coal inputs into main activity producer electricity plants from 1993 to 1994 was due to coal replacing imported electricity and hydro power. Production of gas works gas ceased in April 1994. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

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Germany German data include the new federal states of Germany from 1970 onwards. Figures for quantities used for non-energy purposes became available from 1970. Prior to this, non-energy uses are included with consumption in the respective final consumption sectors. Due to reclassification of several sectors by the German Administration, breaks in series may occur between 1990 and 1992; this particularly affects BKB, lignite and coke oven coke. BKB inputs to gas works plants stopped in 1997. Breaks in series may occur between 1998 and 1999 for coke oven gas and blast furnace gas. Up to 2003, other bituminous coal includes anthracite. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Greece Electricity production using hard coal ceased in 1989. A new main activity producer electricity plant using imported bituminous coal was brought on-line in 1991. Production of gas works gas ceased in 1997. Lignite is used in main activity producer CHP plants since 1997. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Hungary Data are available from 1965. Due to sale of an autoproducer power plant, breaks in series occur for coke oven gas and blast furnace gas between 1997 and 1998. From 1999, the production of sub-bituminous coal has been included with lignite/

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xxvii

brown coal due to the low quality of the coal. The use of this domestic coal in main activity producer electricity and CHP plants has also been reclassified to lignite/brown coal. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Iceland Prior to 1970, final consumption includes inputs and outputs to heat production. The industrial classifications used by the Icelandic Administration were changed in 1987. Final consumption increased in 2000 due to a new iron and steel plant coming on-line. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Ireland Production data for peat briquettes (reported as BKB) are available from 1975. Low production of peat in 1985 was due to a poor “harvest”. The production of gas works gas ceased in 1987 due to fuel switching to natural gas. Other bituminous coal inputs to main activity producer electricity plants increased from 1986 due to three new generating units at Moneypoint coming on-line. A reclassification causes a break in the series for own use of peat from 1989 to 1990. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Italy From 2000 onwards, the Italian Administration defines electricity production from autoproducers as including generation from producers consuming more than 70% of their own production. However for the 2000 to 2002 period, all electricity production from autoproducers is reported with main activity producers. From 1986 onwards, figures from lignite are given using the same methodology as in the Bilancio Energetico Nazionale. In 1991, all industrial activities were reclassified on the basis of ISTAT/NACE 91. This has implied some transfers of activities which may result in some anomalies between 1991 and earlier years. Due to a change in the survey system, breaks in series may occur between 1997 and 1998 for final consumption. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Japan For the fourth consecutive year, the IEA has received revisions from the Japanese Administration. The first set of revisions received in 2004 increased the 1990 supply by 5% for coal, 2% for natural gas and 0.7% for oil compared to the previous data. This led to an increase of 2.5% in 1990 CO2 emissions calculated using the Reference Approach while the Sectoral Approach remained fairly constant. For the 2006 edition, the IEA has received revisions to the coal and oil data which have a significant impact on both the energy data and the CO2 emissions. The most significant revisions occurred for coke oven coke, naphtha, blast furnace gas and petroleum coke. These revisions affected consumption rather than supply in the years concerned. As a result, the sectoral approach CO2 emissions have increased for all the years, however at different rates. For example, the sectoral approach CO2 emissions for 1990 were 4.6% higher than those calculated for the 2005 edition while the 2003 emissions were 1.1% higher than those of the previous edition. Due to the impact these successive revisions have had on the final energy balance as well as on CO2 emissions, the IEA is in close contact with the Japanese Administration to better understand the reasons behind these changes. These changes are mainly due to the Government of Japan's efforts to improve the input-output balances in the production of oil products and coal products in response to inquiries from the UNFCCC Secretariat. To cope with this issue, the Japanese Administration established a working group in March 2004. The working group completed its work in April 2006. Many of its conclusions were already incorporated prior to this year, but some further revisions to the time series (especially in the industry and other sectors) were submitted this year. Starting in 1990, data are reported on a fiscal year basis (April 2005 to March 2006 for 2005). From 1982, residential use of coke oven coke is included in commercial/public services sector. Oxygen steel furnace gas data are available from 1982. From 1998, inputs of coke oven gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas into autoproducer electricity plants include the amount used to produce electricity with TRT technology (Top pressure Recovery Turbines) which was previously included in the industry sector. Starting in 1990, the inputs of coke oven coke to blast furnaces as well as the final consumption of coke oven coke in the iron and steel sector have been estimated by the IEA Secretariat.

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xxviii - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)

Coal injected in blast furnaces (PCI) is classified as coking coal in order to be consistent with Japanese trade statistics. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Korea Data are available from 1971. Data for 2002 have been reported on a different basis, causing breaks in series between 2001 and 2002, especially for inputs and outputs to electricity generation and consumption in the iron and steel industry. The Korean Administration is planning to revise the historical series as time and resources permit. Data for coal and coal products from 1971 to 2000 are based on information provided by the Korean Administration, as well as information from the Yearbook of Energy Statistics 2001, the Yearbook of Coal Statistics 2000 (both from the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy), and Statistics of Electric Power in Korea 2000 (from the Korea Electric Power Corporation). Patent fuel series have been estimated by the Secretariat up to 2001. Data on sub-bituminous coal were estimated by the Secretariat based on statistics of the exporting countries. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Luxembourg Steel production from blast furnaces ceased at the end of 1997. As a consequence, Luxembourg no longer uses coke oven coke and blast furnace gas. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Mexico Data are available starting in 1971 and are partly estimated based on the publication Balance Nacional Energía. The Mexican Administration submitted data directly by questionnaire for the first time with 1992 data. As a result, some breaks in series may occur between 1991 and 1992.

Netherlands In the national statistical system of the Netherlands, use of fuel in manufacturing industries for CHP production is considered to be consumption in the transformation sector. However, in IEA statistics, this own use for heat production (autoproduced heat) is reported under the relevant industry sector, based on estimates provided by the Central Bureau of Statistics. For 1984 to 1986, production from other sources of other bituminous coal represents a stock of "smalls" washed for re-use. Prior to 1989, non-energy use is included with industry consumption. Paper, pulp and print includes furniture. The breakdown of anthracite, coking coal and other bituminous coal has been provided on a preliminary basis and data will be revised. Coal exports consist of re-exported volumes. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

New Zealand A reorganisation of government departments during 1987 leading to cessation of certain data series has resulted in several breaks in series between 1987 and 1988. Production of gas works gas ceased in 1988. Peat, although produced in New Zealand, is not used as a fuel. It is used for agricultural purposes only. In final consumption, non-ferrous metals is included with iron and steel; wood and wood products is included with pulp, paper and print; mining and quarrying is included in agriculture and construction is included with commercial/public services. Sub-bituminous coal inputs into blast furnaces refers to coal that is merged with iron sand to form the inputs for the multi-hearthfurnace (Glenbrook Steel Site). Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Norway

Data for coke oven gas and blast furnace gas are reported for the first time in 1999.

Production of coking coal, coke oven coke and coke oven gas ceased in the late 1980s. Other bituminous coal includes lignite. The decrease of bituminous coal production in 2005 is due to a fire in one of the coal mines, that entailed a break in the production for a large part of the year.

Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

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COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xxix

Poland Data for coking coal were included with other bituminous coal prior to 1993. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Portugal Since 1998, sub-bituminous coal is not used. As of 2000, gas works gas in the commercial/public services and residential sectors is gradually being replaced by natural gas. The iron and steel industry closed in the first quarter of 2001, leading to decreases in supply and consumption of coking coal, coke oven coke, coke oven gas and blast furnace gas. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Slovak Republic Data are available starting in 1971. There are some breaks in series between 1992 and 1993. A new survey system in 2001 leads to major breaks in series for most products. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Spain Other bituminous coal use in the iron and steel industry ceases in 1991 and starts again in 1996. Consumption of BKB also ends in 1991. Consumption of blast furnace gas in the chemical industry stopped in 1993 while chemical industry use of coke oven gas stopped between 1993 and 2000. Natural gas inputs into gas works gas stopped in 1999. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Sweden Other bituminous coal production is coal recovered during the quarrying of clay. Autoproducer inputs to waste heat production that is sold are reported in the respective end-use sectors and not in the transformation sector. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Switzerland From 1999, data on consumption result from a new survey and are not comparable with data of previous years. The breakdown of the industry sector for 2000 was estimated by the Secretariat for gas, oil, electricity and heat. From 1985, industrial consumption of gas works gas is reported in non-specified industry to prevent the disclosure of commercially confidential data. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Turkey Production of gas works gas declined in 1989 due to plant closures; the last plant closed in 1994. Use of gas coke and gas works gas ceased in 1994. Due to government regulations in the industry and residential sectors in particular, there has been a shift from the use of domestically produced coal to imported coal and natural gas. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

United Kingdom Consumption shown for the commercial/public services sector includes consumption of some of the nonspecified sector. Prior to 1994, the consumption of substitute natural gas is included with natural gas while its production is included with gas works gas. Due to reclassifications, there are breaks in the series between 1998 and 1999 and between 2000 and 2001 for blast furnace gas. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

United States United States includes the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Imports and exports also include all U.S. territories (i.e. Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands and the Hawaiian Trade Zone). Due to problems in reporting, there are numerous breaks in series for the U.S. data, particularly in 1992, 1999, 2001 and 2002. Care should be taken when evaluating consumption by sector since inputs of fuel

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to autoproducers are included in final consumption for some years. Gas works gas production and consumption is included with natural gas starting in 1974. In 2002, the

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United States reported "synfuel" production as patent fuel for the first time. Prior to 2002, the consumption of this fuel was reported with other bituminous coal. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xxxi

9. CONVERSION FACTORS AND CALORIFIC VALUES General Conversion Factors for Energy To: From:

TJ

Gcal

Mtoe

MBtu

GWh

238.8

2.388 x 10

947.8

0.2778

10

3.968

1.163 x 10

3.968 x 10

11630

1

2.931 x 10

3412

1

multiply by:

TJ

1

-5

-3

-7

1

4

10

1

-3

Gcal

4.1868 x 10

Mtoe

4.1868 x 10

MBtu

1.0551 x 10

0.252

2.52 x 10

GWh

3.6

860

8.6 x 10

7

-3

7

-8

-5

-4

Conversion Factors for Mass To:

kg

From:

multiply by:

kilogramme (kg)

t

lt

st

1

0.001

9.84 x 10

1.102 x 10

2.2046

tonne (t)

1000

1

0.984

1.1023

2204.6

long ton (lt)

1016

1.016

1

1.120

2240.0

short ton (st)

907.2

0.9072

0.893

1

2000.0

pound (lb)

0.454

4.54 x 10

-4

-4

-4

4.46 x 10

lb -3

-4

5.0 x 10

1

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Conversion Factors for Volume To:

gal U.S.

From:

gal U.K.

bbl

ft

3

l

m

3

multiply by:

U.S. gallon (gal)

1

0.8327

0.02381

0.1337

3.785

0.0038

U.K. gallon (gal)

1.201

1

0.02859

0.1605

4.546

0.0045

Barrel (bbl)

42.0

34.97

1

5.615

159.0

0.159

Cubic foot (ft )

7.48

6.229

0.1781

1

28.3

0.0283

Litre (l)

0.2642

0.220

0.0063

0.0353

1

0.001

264.2

220.0

6.289

35.3147

1000.0

1

3

3

Cubic metre (m )

Decimal Prefixes 101 102 103 106 109 1012 1015 1018

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deca (da)

10-1

deci (d)

hecto (h)

10-2

centi (c)

kilo (k)

10-3

milli (m)

mega (M)

10-6

micro (μ)

giga (G)

10-9

nano (n)

tera (T)

10-12

pico (p)

peta (P)

10-15

femto (f)

exa (E)

10-18

atto (a)

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) - xxxiii

2005 COUNTRY SPECIFIC AVERAGE NET CALORIFIC VALUES (Megajoules per tonne) Anthracite

Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

28 110 25 180 27 700 32 000 29 700 27 840 27 200 19 720 29 300 29 300 31 880 28 700 19 390 28 100 28 060

SubCoking Other Coal Bituminous Bituminous Coal Coal 28 500 29 070 29 310 28 410 28 880 29 300 30 500 29 380 31 430 28 050 30 980 28 370 27 630 23 480 28 670 29 610 29 380 30 020 30 000 30 790 28 850 29 170

25 700 28 140 25 780 25 510 22 340 24 800 25 500 26 000 25 180 25 620 24 830 28 050 27 840 26 590 25 930 24 900 29 300 23 480 25 070 28 400 28 100 22 730 25 560 25 580 23 490 27 400 28 100 25 520 24 810 26 590

18 480 22 200 23 040 17 800 13 010 18 170 20 900 19 410 21 080 12 040 18 000 19 420

Lignite

9 310 9 150 21 560 14 470 8 750 17 000 9 040 5 150 7 750 19 820 10 470 14 100 20 000 14 360 8 650 11 190 6 500 6 890 14 210

Peat

Patent Coke Oven Coal Tar Fuels Coke

BKB

8 800 10 200 8 370 8 380 12 500 -

31 000 29 310 32 000 31 400 28 050 19 860 29 310 30 870 27 220

21 000 19 300 20 100 23 860 21 340 14 570 20 000 18 550 20 100 17 450 23 000 20 100 20 100 20 930 -

25 650 29 000 27 700 27 390 28 010 29 300 29 300 28 000 28 650 29 300 29 450 26 670 29 000 30 100 27 210 26 520 28 500 28 500 28 550 28 040 28 330 30 290 28 080 28 100 29 300 27 830 27 470

41 800 37 340 37 000 36 330 41 900 38 520 -

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

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xxxiv - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition)

Coal Classification The IEA collects statistics on coal production, trade and consumption according to a technically precise classification based on the quality of coal as follows: •

Coking Coal is coal with a quality that allows the production of coke suitable to support a blast furnace charge;

•

Other Bituminous Coal and Anthracite are non-agglomerating coals with a gross calorific value greater than 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) on an ash-free but moist basis;

•

Sub-bituminous Coal is a non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value between 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) and 17 435 kJ/kg (4 165 kcal/kg) containing more than 31% volatile matter on a dry mineral matter-free basis;

•

Lignite/Brown Coal is a non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value less than 17 435 kJ/kg (4 165 kcal/kg) and greater than 31% volatile matter on a dry mineral matter-free basis. Oil Shale combusted directly is reported in this category.

However, when publishing these data, the IEA adopts a simplified classification of Hard Coal and Brown Coal. The correspondence is as follows: Hard Coal: this is the sum of Coking Coal and Steam Coal; Coking coal is reported in the category Coking Coal; Other Bituminous Coal and Anthracite are reported in the category Steam Coal; Sub-bituminous Coal is reported in the category Brown Coal except for: Australia, Belgium, Finland, France, Iceland, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal, South Korea (Republic of Korea) and the United States where it is included in Steam Coal (because of its relatively high calorific value); Lignite is reported in the category Brown Coal. The term Total Coal refers to the sum of Hard Coal and Brown Coal after conversion to a common energy unit (tonne of coal equivalent - tce). The conversion is done by multiplying the calorific value of the coal in question (the conversion factors are submitted by national Administrations to the IEA Secretariat each year) by the total volume of hard and brown coal used, measured in physical units, i.e. in tonnes. One tce has an energy content of 29.3 gigajoules (GJ) or 7 000 kcal and corresponds to 0.7 tonnes of oil equivalent (toe).

Defining Coal Consumption and Consumption Energy statistics are compiled and presented to take account of the complexity in the way fuels are used and to avoid double counting. Misunderstandings can arise when statistics on coal consumption are used because of the particular terminology used by energy statisticians. Coal is used in four possible ways: •

As a primary input to produce electricity or a secondary/tertiary fuel that is used elsewhere or sold - this is referred to as use in the Transformation Sector; e.g. coking coal used to produce coke in a coke oven, steam coal used to produce electricity

•

As a fuel used to support (but not used in) a transformation process - this is referred to as use in the Energy Sector; e.g. coke oven gas used to heat the coke oven, steam coal used to operate the power plant

•

As a fuel consumed in manufacturing industry, mining and construction, in transport, in agriculture, in commercial and public services and in households - this is referred to as use in the Final Consumption Sectors; e.g. steam coal used to produce heat in cement kilns, steam coal used to produce industrial process steam

•

As a raw material - this is referred to as non-energy use. e.g. coal used to produce carbon electrodes for the aluminium industry

In the wider community, the term ‘Consumption’ is commonly understood to include all four of the above end-uses. However, in this book the term “Consumption” refers only to use in the Final Consumption Sectors (i.e. in the third dot point above).

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COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.1

PART I WORLD COAL MARKET REVIEW

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COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.3

1. OVERVIEW In 2006, total coal production increased by 7.6%, well above the 10-year average growth trend of 3.0%. Hard coal production increased by 8.8% (or 435.8 Mt) to 5 369.8 Mt. Brown coal production increased by 0.9% (or 7.8 Mt) to 913.8 Mt, a little above its 1997 level. The analysis of proved coal reserve data indicates that at the current level of production, there is close to 150 years of coal available for supply. Total coal consumption increased by 7.8% or 321.5 Mtce in 2006, which follows a three years trend of annual increases averaging 6.8%. Among the types of coal, hard coal consumption increased by 8.6%, steam coal consumption was up 353.2 Mt (8.3%), and coking coal consumption was up 71.2 Mt (11.2%). Global hard coal trade continues to grow in 2006. Hard coal exports were up 21.5 Mt from 793.3 Mt to 814.8 Mt. Steam coal exports rose 4.9% from 565.0 Mt to 592.6 Mt while coking coal exports shows a decline of 2.6% from 228.2 Mt to 222.2 Mt. Because of differences in coal classification by trading partners, as well as difficulties in assigning trade to

specific destinations, and because trade is not instantaneous, imports volume does not exactly reflect exports volume. Indeed, estimated imports show a smaller increase in trade than do exports. Total hard coal imports volume rose from 789.2 Mt to 819.1 Mt—an increase of 3.8% (29.9 Mt). Coking coal imports increased by 7.8% whereas steam coal imports increased by 2.4%. Average CIF import steam coal prices remained at similar levels as last year, with a 1% growth in Japan and a 2% decline in the European Union compared to 2005. The majority of 2006 average steam coal FOB export prices were at similar levels as those of 2005. In 2004, coal became the first source of world CO2 emissions ahead of oil and natural gas. Coal-related emissions increased more rapidly in the non-OECD countries which became responsible for the majority of coal-related emissions in the early ’90s. In the OECD, coal-related emissions were increasingly due to power generation as opposed to industries and other sectors whose share declined sharply.

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COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.5

2. PRODUCTION Developments in World Coal Supply in 2005 and 2006 World coal production and use is broadly grouped by the main coal types – hard coal and brown coal. Hard coal with a high thermal value (varying from coal to coal and depending on the degree of preparation) is economically suited to international trade, with characteristics making some coals suitable for metallurgical (coking) uses. Brown coal (lignite) has a much lower thermal value (the amount depending on the coal type and its water content) and is suitable largely for power generation locally or to a lesser extent for briquette manufacture. World hard coal production continued to show strong growth in 2006 after three years of record growth. Total world hard coal production (including recovered slurries) reached 5 369.8 Mt, an 8.8% increase (or 435.8 Mt) over the 2005 level of 4 934.0 Mt, which follows three years of strong annual growth averaging 8.3%. It was again driven by growth in production from the non-OECD countries with a 12% growth in 2006, which follows three years of annual growth averaging 12%. Among the major producing countries, production increased in China, Russia, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Vietnam and Colombia, but declined marginally in South Africa. During the last three years, the OECD’s hard coal production steadily increased and reached in 2006 a new production peak of 1 510.1 Mt. The United States and Australia are the main drivers of this increase, together with Turkey Norway (mine re-opened after closure due to fire), Mexico and New-Zealand where much smaller increases in production took place. It is to be noted that most of the other OECD countries experienced declining

production, especially the Germany, United Kingdom, Poland and Canada. Brown coal production increased by 0.9% (or 7.8. Mt) in 2006, which brings it back to approximately its 1997 level. OECD’s brown coal production was stable at 620.2 Mt, while non-OECD’s production increased by 8.3 Mt, or 2.9%. The largest increases in production took place in Turkey (+5.5 Mt), Romania (+3.9 Mt), and Russia (+2.1 Mt), whereas the largest decrease took place in Germany (-1.6 Mt). Overall, world coal production (hard and brown coal) grew by 7.6% (or 443.6 Mt) in 2006 from 5 840.0 Mt to 6 283.6 Mt—following three years of strong growth averaging 6.9%. These last four years represent over 31%, or 15 001 Mt of cumulated growth in total world coal production. World production for hard and brown coal are summarised in Tables 1.1 and 1.4 at the end of this narrative.

Hard Coal Production OECD Production OECD hard coal production reached 1 510.1 Mt in 2006, a 1.5% increase over 2005. After three years of growth, the OECD production reached its historical peak since the inception of the IEA. In 1973, the OECD accounted for about 50% of the world hard coal production. However, since then its share has continuously declined as more non-OECD countries have increased hard coal production. While OECD’s production increased throughout the ’70s and ’80s, its share of world production declined to about 40% by 1990 and was only about 28% in 2006.

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I.6 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

The largest OECD coal-producing region is OECDNorth America, with more than two thirds of the OECD production. More than 20% of the OECD production is in the Pacific region and the remaining 12% is in the OECD-Europe region. Table I.1 Major Hard Coal Producers* [Mt] PR of China United States India Australia South Africa Russia Indonesia Poland Kazakhstan Colombia Ukraine Vietnam Canada DPR Korea Germany Other

2004 1956.0 943.3 382.0 285.9 242.8 189.8 132.4 101.2 83.1 54.2 59.1 25.5 29.3 22.8 29.2 97.2

2005 2158.9 962.4 403.0 304.9 245.0 202.9 152.2 97.9 82.8 59.1 60.0 32.4 28.6 24.1 28.0 26.4

2006e 2481.5 989.5 427.1 309.4 244.4 233.2 169.0 95.2 91.5 63.7 61.4 37.9 26.3 24.4 23.8 25.6

Total

4633.8

4934.0

5369.8

* Production includes recovered slurries. See Table 1.1 in Part II for historic data on selected countries.

OECD-North America OECD-North America production reached 1 027.3 Mt in 2006, up 2.5% from 1 001.8 Mt in 2005. The United States is the second largest global hard coal producing country and the seventh largest hard coal exporter. Canada is the thirteenth largest hard coal producer and eighth largest exporter, while Mexico produced 11.5 Mt in 2006 for domestic consumption. Coal production in the region has increased for three consecutive years, driven by growth in the United States where tax incentives for the production and use of patent fuels played a role in the increased production of hard coal.

OECD-Pacific Hard coal production in the OECD-Pacific region increased by 1.6% in 2006, rising from 312.7 Mt to 317.7 Mt. Coal production in the region is driven by production in Australia, which is the largest hard coal exporter, and currently produces over 97% of the region’s hard coal. The increase is attributable mainly to Australia. Production in New Zealand—a perennial player in international coking coal markets—was up 0.5 Mt, a 9.9% increase from its 2005 level.

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The other two countries in the region are not significant coal producers. The Republic of Korea, which operates some anthracite mines for domestic use, has experienced declining production for several years. Commercial coal production in Japan ceased in 2002.

OECD-Europe In 2006, the OECD-Europe region counted ten primary hard coal producing countries, two of them (Belgium and France) producing only from recovered slurries. Total regional hard coal production was 164.9 Mt, a decrease of 4.5% compared to 2005. Hard coal production for the OECD-Europe has declined steadily since 1995. The sharpest decline in production occurred between 1997 and 2000. The largest producing countries are Poland, Germany, the United Kingdom, the Czech Republic and Spain. However, hard coal production has declined in each of these countries, except for the Czech Republic where it increased only marginaly. A second tier of producers, Turkey, Norway and Italy produce between 0.1 Mt and 3.2 Mt per year, which represents only a small fraction of their domestic energy supply. In Turkey and Italy, it is linked to local markets for power generation and household consumption. Production in Norway is limited to the island of Spitsbergen, where mines are operated to provide employment for local inhabitants.

Non-OECD Production Hard coal production in the non-OECD countries increased by 11.9% from 3 446.8 Mt in 2005 to 3 859.7 Mt in 2006. Over 99% of the non-OECD coal production is accounted for by ten producing countries. Among the non-OECD countries, China accounts for around 46% of world hard coal production, and as such it is the largest hard coal producing country. In 2006, its production reached 2481.5 Mt, an increase of 322.6 Mt (14.9%) above its 2005 level. Consequently, nearly 78% of the increase in world hard coal production is attributable to China. Hard coal production in China has experienced a remarkable recovery since the late 1990s when the government instituted a series of company consolidations and mine closures. China’s production has more than

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.7

doubled since 2000, which allows the country to meet fast growing demand for coal to generate electricity and steel making. However, as a major coal exporter China gradually moved from the second largest hard coal exporter in 2001 to fifth in 2006. India is the second largest non-OECD hard coal producer and third in the world. India hard coal production increased by 6.0% from 403.0 Mt to 427.1 Mt and although it dominates South Asian production, it is essentially consumed domestically. South Africa accounts for 98% of Africa’s hard coal production, which represents 4.6% of world production. South Africa is the fifth largest hard coal producer and the fourth-ranking coal exporting country in the world. Russia is by far the largest producer among FSU countries. Its production combined with Kazakhstan and Ukraine represents over 99% of total production from transition economies. Russia’s production increased by 14.9%, or 233.2 Mt, in 2006. Indonesia accounts for the vast majority of the production in East Asia (70.5%). Indonesia is the seventh largest hard coal producer with coal production reaching 169.0 Mt in 2006, up 16.8 Mt (11.0%) from its 2005 level. Indonesia is also the second largest coal exporter worldwide. Kazakhstan is the second ranking among the FSU countries in terms of production. The production of hard coal increased by 10.5% in 2006. Colombia is the main hard coal producer in Latin America and has a growing presence on the international export market. Its production increased by 7.8% —from 59.1 Mt to 63.7 Mt, which follows increases of 7.3% in 2004 and 9.0% in 2005.

Brown Coal Production Based upon the most recent study from the German Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), the total economic reserves of soft brown coal are about 207.4 billion tons. Qualities and thermal values vary considerably between different deposits. Nevertheless, brown coal (lignite) is an important source of energy supply. The supply of brown coal went up 0.9 % in 2006 and reached 913.8 Mt, approximately back to its 1997 level. Increased supplies in Turkey, Russia and Romania more than offset decreased supplies in Germany, Greece, Poland and Serbia-Montenegro. Following its 1989 peak, brown coal production declined steadily until 1999, largely as a result of contractions of demand and supply in central and Eastern Europe. Production more or less stabilised since mainly as a result of an increased use for electricity generation in countries such as Germany, Greece, Serbia and Montenegro, Romania, India and Canada. Almost all lignite is mined by opencast operations, and almost all is used for electricity production in local plants, although smaller amounts are used in some countries for industry and to produce briquettes for home heating. In several countries, brown coal is used to generate over half the country’s electricity production (Estonia, some former Yugoslav countries, the Czech Republic and Greece) and in others (Romania, Poland, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Germany, Australia, Hungary,) significant shares of electricity production are fuelled by lignite.

OECD Production

The production of hard coal in Ukraine represents 15.9% of the production in the FSU countries, increasing by 2.3% in 2006.

The OECD countries account for 68% of brown coal production. Although there is some brown coal production in the OECD-Pacific region, the largest components of OECD supply are centred in OECDEurope and OECD-North America.

Vietnam coal production increased 16.9% from 32.4 Mt to 37.9 Mt, and is emerging on the export market.

OECD-North America

Although statistics on DPR Korea are not provided by any official sources, production is thought to have increased approximately by 1.4% in 2006, from 24.1 Mt to 24.4 Mt.

In the OECD-North America region, brown coal production is centred in the United States and Canada. Total regional production in 2006 reached 113.0 Mt. Of that volume, production in the United States represented 67.6%. Brown coal production in the United

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I.8 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

States increased by 0.3% from 76.2 Mt to 76.4 Mt. Canadian brown coal production decreased marginally from 36.8 Mt in 2005 to 36.6 Mt in 2006.

OECD-Pacific Brown coal production in the OECD-Pacific region occurs in Australia and New Zealand. The vast majority—well over 99%—is in Australia. Australia brown coal production grew in 2006 by 0.7% from 70.7 Mt to 71.2 Mt. New Zealand production reached 251.0 kt in 2006, which is an increase of 2.0% over the 2005 level of 246.0 kt.

OECD-Europe The OECD-Europe region is the largest brown coal producing geographical aggregate summarised in this study. Production in the region dropped by 0.3% in 2006, from 436.9 Mt to 435.7 Mt. Eight countries in the OECD Europe region report brown coal production. By far the largest is Germany, which is also the top ranked world brown coal producer. Production in Germany decreased in 2006 by 0.9% from 177.9 Mt to 176.3 Mt. The second tier of OECD-Europe producers has annual output between 45 Mt and 70 Mt per annum. Brown coal production in Greece dropped by 5.3% from 69.4 Mt to 65.7 Mt. Brown coal production in Turkey showed an important increase of 9.6%, from 56.2 Mt to 61.6 Mt. This growth in Turkey is due to a new lignite-fired plant and contrasts with the trend of declining brown coal production since 1999. After another important increase in 2005, from 44.4 Mt to 56.2 Mt, Turkey reaches the sixth-ranking position among brown coal producers. In Poland, production decreased by 0.8 Mt (1.3%) from 61.6 Mt to 60.8 Mt, whereas production in the Czech Republic was up 0.6% from 48.8 Mt to 49.1 Mt. Other significant brown coal producers in the region include: Hungary, Spain and the Slovak Republic.

Non-OECD Production Non-OECD brown coal production reached 293.6 Mt in 2006, an increase of 2.9% which follows a 1.6% increase in 2005. By far, the vast majority the of nonOECD brown coal production occurs in the transition economies while most of the remaining production occurs in East Asia and South Asia.

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Russia is the largest Non-OECD producer with 75.8 Mt reported in 2006, an increase of 2.8% over its 2005 level of 73.7 Mt. Serbia and Montenegro production, which continues to recover from the dislocation of war and sanctions imposed in the late ’90s, decreased by 3.7% from 40.4 Mt to 38.9 Mt. Conversely, production increased in both Romania and Bulgaria—rising from 31.1 Mt to 35.0 Mt in the former and from 24.7 Mt to 25.5 Mt in the latter. Brown coal production in India declined by 1.0% in 2006, from 30.1 Mt to 29.8 Mt, despite growing needs for electricity generation. In Thailand, the largest producer in East Asia, production dropped by 8.6% in 2006 from 20.9 Mt to 19.1 Mt. Table I.2 Major Brown Coal Producers [Mt] Germany United States Russia Australia Greece Turkey Poland Czech Republic Serbia and Montenegro Canada Romania India Bulgaria Thailand Estonia Other

2004 181.9 75.8 69.2 68.6 70.0 44.4 61.2 48.5 41.1 36.7 31.8 30.3 26.5 20.1 14.0 74.2

2005 177.9 76.2 73.7 70.7 69.4 56.2 61.6 48.8 40.4 36.8 31.1 30.1 24.7 20.9 14.6 72.9

2006e 176.3 76.4 75.8 71.2 65.7 61.6 60.8 49.1 38.9 36.6 35.0 29.8 25.5 19.1 14.2 77.8

Total

894.3

906.0

913.8

See Table 1.4 in Part II for historical data.

Oil shale production reported in Estonia is counted as brown coal in IEA statistics. The production decreased by 2.7% from 14.6 Mt to 14.2 Mt in 2006.

Coal Resources, Reserves and Production Definitions Quantification of mineable coal is based on a consideration of geological, mining and economic criteria. The amount of coal in place and in some cases the

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.9

amount of mineable coal is influenced by national resource measurement criteria. The basis for computation of these resources varies from country to country, and it must be borne in mind that for this reason, direct comparisons are sometimes not possible. During the 1990s, there was a considerable discussion on the adoption of internationally recognised standards for reporting reserves. This largely stems from the requirements of capital markets for improved transparency in reserve estimation where project financing is being sought. However, to date there has not been any adoption of international standards. There are, however, some generally recognised definitions that can be applied. For example: • Resources refer to the amount of coal that may be present in a deposit or a coalfield. This does not take into account the feasibility of mining the coal economically. Not all resources are recoverable using current technology. Reserves constitute those resources that are recoverable. • Reserves may be defined further in terms of proved (or measured) reserves, and probable (or indicated) reserves, based on exploration results and the degree of confidence in those results. Probable reserves have been estimated with a lower degree of confidence than proved reserves. Estimates take account of coalfields’ geological characteristics, in particular the regularity, thickness and quality of seams, the spacing of exploration boreholes and other exposures, and geological discontinuities such as faults or folding, all of which affect the practical recoverability of the coal. • Proved reserves are those reserves that are not only confidently considered to be recoverable, but also can also be recovered economically, under current market conditions. In other words they take into account what current mining technology can achieve as well as the economics of recovery (mining, transportation and other relevant recovery costs such as government royalties, and coal prices). Proved reserves will therefore fluctuate according to economic conditions, especially price. It generally follows that proved reserves will decrease when prices are too low for the coal to be recovered economically, and increase when prices make the coal economically recoverable.

Coal Reserve Estimates In its most recent study, the German Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) estimates the current proved recoverable coal reserves at 935 billion tonnes. This includes anthracite, bituminous and sub-bituminous coal and lignite. Table I.3 provides a summary of BGR estimates of coal reserves and the IEA’s estimates 2006 of coal production by regions. If total 2005 proved recoverable reserves are divided by total 2006 coal production, the world coal reserve base represents close to 150 years of production at current levels. Although it is beyond the scope of this piece to discuss the various national classification systems, and the range of definitions of coal resources and reserves, an overview of the national classification systems is provided in an Appendix to Major Coalfields of the World, a publication which was issued by the IEA Coal Research in June 2000.1 An estimate published by the World Energy Council (WEC) in 1978 set proved coal reserves at 636.4 billion tonnes. Thus, world proved coal reserves are 32% larger, or 298.5 billion tonnes higher than they were 27 years before, even though production from 1978 to 2005 is estimated at 125.8 billion tonnes. Another estimate published by the WEC on reserves at end-2002 set proved coal reserves at 909.1 billion tonnes. Even though it is difficult to compare the estimates from two different sources, the increase observed between the end-2002 coal reserves and the 2005 coal reserves suggests that, as the prices increased, a part of the resources was reallocated to reserves as they became economically recoverable.

Geographic Location of Proved Coal Reserves Although coal resources are widely distributed around the world, proved coal reserves tend to be concentrated in the countries which rely on coal for domestic energy or export revenue. OECD-North America and the Transition Economy countries controlled 28% and 19% of the proved coal reserves respectively. About 14% of proved reserves are in South Asia and 14% in China. Thus, more than 75% of proved coal reserves are concentrated in just four regions. 1. Major Coalfields of the World, IEA Coal Research, London, June 2000.

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I.10 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Table I.3 Proved Recoverable Reserves in 2005 and 2006 Production [Mt] Region

OECD Europe OECD North America OECD Pacific

Proved Recoverable Reserves Hard Coal Soft Brown Coal Total 11 681 223 468 73 210

19 908 36 785 42 494

Hard Coal

31 589 260 253 115 704

165.0 1027.3 317.7

Production Brown Coal

Total

435.7 113.0 71.5

600.7 1 140.4 389.2

OECD Total

308 359

99 187

407 546

1 510.1

620.2

2 130.3

Transition Economies of which: Russia

142 828 97 470

35 844 10 450

178 672 107 920

386.4 233.2

217.5 75.8

603.8 309.0

China

95 902

18 600

133 167

2 481.5

0.0

2 481.5

South Asia of which: India

96 577 91 631

37 590 34 600

134 167 126 231

456.1 427.1

29.8 29.8

485.9 456.9

Latin America of which: Brazil

17 179 6 496

5 618 5 113

22 797 11 609

72.8 0.7

5.7 5.7

78.5 6.4

Africa

56 707

202

56 909

250.6

0.0

250.6

World

727 484

207 393

934 877

5 369.8

913.8

6 283.6

Sources: Reserves - Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR) www.bgr.bund.de Production - International Energy Agency, Coal Information 2007

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COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.11

3. CONSUMPTION This section reviews consumption of total, hard, steam and coking coal in 2004, 2005 and 2006. All 30 OECD Member countries submit their official historical energy data to the IEA Secretariat in annual questionnaires. The most recent full questionnaire collected from each country contained supply and demand statistics for 2005 and historical revisions. In addition to submitting full annual questionnaires, the OECD Member countries submit a “miniquestionnaire” for the most recent calendar year (in this case 2006), which provides supply, trade and stocks statistics for each coal product. Since these statistics have often not been finalised at the national level, the OECD data for 2006 should be considered preliminary—and are labelled in this publication as estimates. Tables showing detailed historical time series for selected products, countries and regions appear at the end of this narrative. Statistics on coal consumption in the OECD are also reported in detail in Part III of this book for each OECD country in terms of tonnes of coal equivalent (in Part III Table 4) and in metric tons (in Part III Table 6). Only data for the most recent and selected historical years are shown in tabular form in the text. Entire historical time series which run from 1960 for most OECD countries are available on a CDRom and also through the IEA website. More information on these sources is provided on the internet at http://www.iea.org. Readers are referred to Part III of this publication for end-use statistics for individual OECD member countries, and the OECD as a whole. Data in Part III Table 5 are presented in an energy balance format and data in Part III Table 6 are presented for the major end-use categories separately for steam coal, coking coal and brown coal, in metric tons.

In the internationally accepted methodology for reporting energy statistics adopted by the IEA, the consumption of coal in individual economic sectors (for example, in industry or the residential sectors, or in industry sub-sectors (iron & steel, non-metallic minerals)) only includes coal that is finally consumed in that sector (i.e. “disappears”) and does not include coal that is transformed into another fuel, such as coke, blast furnace gas or electricity, even though the transformation may occur as a normal part of operations. For example, coking coal is used by the steel industry to produce coke, which is, in turn, used in blast furnaces to produce pig-iron. Blast furnace gas formed in the blast furnace may also be used to produce electricity or heat that is sold to third parties. Moreover, the steel industry may also buy steam coal or other fuels and use them to produce electricity. Information on coal used in the main non-OECD coal producing, importing and exporting countries up to 2005 (the latest year available) is presented in Part IV of this book, as well as summary tables on world coal supply and end-use for the years 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2003 to 2005. In addition, the IEA Secretariat estimates supply and trade statistics for the most recent calendar year (in this case 2006) using national contacts, coal industry publications and information from other international statistical sources. These data are taken from the IEA databases on the non-OECD countries, which are published annually in Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries and Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries, after Coal Information is submitted for printing and therefore should be considered as preliminary estimates. What is meant by the terms Total Coal, Hard Coal, Brown Coal, Steam Coal and Coking Coal is described in Principles and Definitions on page xxxiv.

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I.12 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Table I.4 Total Coal Consumption [Mtce]

Total Coal Consumption Total coal, discussed in this section, refers to the sum of hard coal and brown coal, converted to a common energy unit—in this case million tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce). Table I.4 shows total coal consumption for selected countries expressed in Mtce. Although competitive cost coal resources are relatively abundant world-wide (contributing to coal’s use in many countries, principally for electricity generation), about 74% of world consumption of coal is accounted for by just five countries—China, the United States, India, Japan and Russia. If a second set of five countries is added to this list—South Africa, Germany, Poland, Australia and Korea, then close to 84% of the world coal consumption is accounted for.

OECD Consumption The OECD region accounts for 36.1% of world total coal consumption in 2006. OECD coal consumption is estimated to be 1 612.9 Mtce, an increase of 0.2% or 2.8 Mtce from the 2005 level of 1 610.1 Mtce. The increase in 2006 is comparable to the increase which took place last year, and it continues a general pattern of increases which started in 1999, with only a small decrease in 2001. In the United States, coal consumption is estimated at 785.2 Mtce in 2006, a 1.5% decrease from the level of consumption in 2005. In the remainder of the OECDNorth America region—coal consumption increased by 5.2% in Mexico from 11.5 Mtce to 12.1 Mtce; and decreased in Canada from 39.9 Mtce in 2005 to 36.1 Mtce in 2006. In the OECD-Europe, coal consumption is estimated at 460.4 Mtce in 2006, a 2.1% increase from the level of consumption in 2005. Coal consumption increased in eleven OECD-Europe countries and declined in twelve. Consumption in the EU countries went up 2.2% from 446.6 Mtce to 456.4 Mtce. Total coal consumption in OECD-Pacific was 319.1 Mtce, up 2.3% from 311.1 Mtce in 2005. Additional consumption is related to increased consumption in Japan, Korea and New Zealand, whereas consumption decreased in Australia.

Non-OECD Consumption Total coal consumption in the non-OECD countries jumped by 12.6% from 2 536.4 Mtce to 2 855.1 Mtce. The increase is due mainly to China, which maintained

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(Selected Countries) 2004

2005

2006e

783.0 165.3 118.7 82.8 71.3 70.9 52.7 40.3 31.6 29.8 30.9 22.8 19.3 9.2 13.0 12.4 8.1 7.2 6.2 6.3

796.8 159.6 113.5 83.2 78.3 70.4 53.2 39.9 31.7 29.1 29.9 22.8 19.9 11.5 12.8 11.8 7.2 4.2 5.3 5.9

785.2 163.7 113.7 88.2 76.8 75.7 59.1 36.1 29.7 28.9 26.4 23.2 20.8 12.1 12.1 11.2 6.9 6.8 6.7 5.9

Non-OECD Countries PR of China India Russia South Africa Chinese Taipei Ukraine Kazakhstan Indonesia DPR of Korea Brazil Thailand Vietnam Serbia and Montenegro Romania Hongkong Malaysia Philippines Bulgaria Israel Pakistan

1408.6 282.4 152.1 134.9 53.5 54.7 39.0 31.8 24.3 18.3 13.3 11.9 12.7 11.7 9.4 8.2 7.3 10.1 10.6 6.0

1579.3 294.8 149.9 131.3 55.6 53.0 38.6 36.3 25.7 18.1 14.8 11.6 12.4 11.9 9.5 8.4 8.6 9.8 10.9 5.8

1853.5 316.8 171.1 132.4 59.5 54.2 44.2 34.8 25.5 17.8 14.8 12.6 12.0 11.5 10.0 9.1 8.2 8.2 7.4 5.6

European Union Total IEA Total OECD Total Non-OECD

459.1 1507.6 1605.8 2348.8

446.6 1509.3 1610.1 2536.4

456.4 1506.5 1612.9 2855.1

World

3954.6

4146.5

4468.0

OECD Countries United States Japan Germany Poland Australia Korea United Kingdom Canada Turkey Czech Republic Spain Italy France Mexico Greece Netherlands Belgium Finland Denmark Slovak Republic

See Tables 2.1 and 2.4 in Part II for historical data. The term Total Coal refers to the sum of Hard Coal and Brown Coal after conversion to a common energy unit (tonne of coal equivalent tce). The conversion is done by multiplying the calorific value of the coal in question by the total volume of hard and brown coal used, measured in physical units, i.e. in tonnes. The energy content of one tonne of coal equivalent is 29.3 gigajoules (GJ) or 7000 kcal and corresponds to 0.7 tonnes of oil equivalent (toe). Consumption refers to Total Primary Energy Supply.

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.13

its position as the largest coal consuming country in 2006. Coal consumption was up in China (including Hong Kong) by 17.4% from 1 583.5 Mtce to 1 579.3 Mtce. Consumption increased in major coal consuming countries like India, Russia, South Africa, Chinese Taipei and Ukraine while consumption declined in Indonesia. Consumption rose by 7.5% in India, 14.1% in Russia, 0.8% in South Africa, 7.0% in Chinese Taipei and 2.3% in Ukraine. Coal consumption decreased by 4.1% in Indonesia. Hard coal consumption covers coking coal and steam coal greater than 18 600 kJ/kg. Countries for which sub-bituminous coal is included in hard coal are listed in the box on page xxxiv. Because of special coking qualities and their higher calorific value, and lower moisture and ash levels which minimise the transportation costs of the energy contained in these products, these coals comprise the vast majority of coal that moves in international trade, while brown coal is almost exclusively for domestic use. The world hard coal consumption rose an estimated 8.6% in 2006 from 4 914.7 Mt to 5339.1 Mt. The OECD consumption increased by 0.3% from 1 688.6 Mt to 1 693.3 Mt, while the non-OECD consumption increased 13.0% from 3226.2 Mt to 3645.8 Mt.

Steam Coal Consumption Steam coal has three main end-uses: • by far, most steam coal is an input in the power sector to produce electricity and heat (which is then sold to third parties, mostly as district heat); • as a fuel in the final consumption sectors for the production of heat and/or steam (i.e. in the industry, residential, commercial and public services, agriculture and transport sectors); • small amounts are being used as PCI coal (pulverised coal injection) in blast furnaces and as well as for blending with coking coal. World steam coal consumption was up 8.3% in 2006, from 4 280.2 Mt to 4 633.4 Mt. Steam coal consumption in the OECD countries declined by 0.9% in 2006, from 1 498.8 Mt to 1 485.1 Mt. Viewed on a regional basis, steam coal consumption decreased by 1.6% in OECD-North America and by 3.5% in OECD-Pacific, but increased by 3.6% in OECD-Europe.

Non-OECD steam coal consumption was up sharply—by 13.2%—from 2 781.4 Mt to 3148.3 Mt. Steam Coal consumption increased in all of the major consumer countries: it was up 17.2% in China from 1816.5 Mt to 2128.8 Mt, it increased by 8.2% (or 32.2 Mt) in India from 391.9 to 424.2 Mt, and by 1.5% in South Africa from 172.4 Mt to 174.9 Mt in 2006. The increase in Russia’s steam coal demand is comparable to the increase in China. Steam coal consumption was up 17.6% in Russia and went over the 1995 peak to reach 113.4 Mt in 2006.

Coking Coal Consumption Coking coal has three main end-uses: • by far, most coking coal is used as an input for the production of coke oven coke in coke ovens; • some coking coal is used as an input in the power sector to produce electricity and (which is then sold to third parties, mostly as district heat). In 2005, this occurred in Germany, Poland and Turkey; • small amounts are used as a fuel in the final consumption sectors for the production of heat and/ or steam (i.e. in the industry, residential, commercial and public services, agriculture and transport sectors). In addition, coal injected in blast furnaces (PCI) in Japan is classified as coking coal in this book even though the coal is, according to the IEA methodology, steam coal. This reporting convention has been adopted here in order to be consistent with published Japanese import statistics where this coal is generally reported as importation of coking coal. Coking coal is defined as a hard coal with a quality that allows the production of coke oven coke suitable to support a blast furnace charge. Traditionally, coking coals command a price premium over steam coals reflecting a higher carbon content. Almost all coking coal is transformed into coke oven coke in a coke oven and used in blast furnaces for the production of pig-iron. Pig-iron is subsequently converted to steel in an oxygen steel furnace. Hence, consumption of coking coal and coke oven coke, is derived from the consumption of pig-iron and less directly from the consumption of steel. New technologies for the production of steel that bypass the blast furnace involving the direct reduction of iron ore are expected to further weaken the relationship between steel and coking coal consumption.

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I.14 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Coking coal consumption in the OECD (Table 2.2) decreased by 5.1% (10.2 Mt) to 189.7 Mt in 2005. Estimates by member countries indicate a rebound in consumption with a 9.8% to 208.2 Mt in 2006. Despite its recent growth in 2004 and 2006, coking coal consumption has generally been declining in the OECD since the mid-1980s. Several factors have combined to weaken coking coal consumption. First, to some extent, this is due to the growing use of pulverised coal injection (PCI), and to a lesser extent, heavy fuel oil injection into blast furnaces. Coal used for PCI is generally of steam coal quality, so steam coal is displacing coking coal. Second, the steel industries in the OECD countries are experiencing technological evolution where traditional integrated steel production, which relies on coke oven coke, is loosing ground to electric arc furnace technology which does not require coke. Third, there has been a general migration of integrated steel manufacturing from the OECD to the non-OECD countries. World consumption of coking coal in 2006 is estimated by the Secretariat to have increased by about 11.2% from 634.5 Mt to 705.7 Mt. The major coking coal consumers with consumption over 30 Mt per year Japan, Russia, India, China and Ukraine accounted for 74.4% of world annual coking coal consumption in 2006. Estimates for 2006 (see Table 2.2) for the OECD countries are submitted by member countries while data for the non-OECD countries are estimated by the Secretariat based on many official and unofficial reliable sources.

Coke Oven Coke Production and Consumption Coke Oven Coke is produced in coke ovens from coking coal that may be sourced from a single coal mine or produced from a blend of coking coals sourced from different coal mines. In some cases, non-coking coals (referred to as soft or semi-soft coking coals) can be included in the blend to make coking coal, and hence a coke, of a particular quality. Most coke ovens are located at iron and steel plants; other coke oven plants are at coal mines or at town gas plants. Although coke oven coke is mainly consumed in the iron and steel industry in blast furnaces for the production of pig-iron it is also used in

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foundries, as coke breeze in sinter production, as well as in coke ovens themselves to support coke oven coke production. In 2006, it is estimated that 134.3 Mt of coke oven coke was produced and 139.7 Mt of coke oven coke was consumed in the OECD countries (Tables 1.5 and 2.5 in Part II). Production increased by 6.3% from 126.3 Mt in 2005 to 134.3 Mt in 2006, while consumption was up 6.2% from 131.5 Mt in 2005 to 139.7 Mt in 2006 (Tables 1.5 and 2.5). More strict environmental controls in the OECD countries, coupled with ageing coke plants, could lead to plant closures, thus increasing imports and world trade in coke. Lack of domestic coking capacity in the United States and other OECD Europe countries could also be offset by higher pulverised coal injection rates in future years.

Coals for Pulverised Coal Injection (PCI) The steel industry is a major consumer of coal for use in the production of pig-iron in blast furnaces. The choice of coals for use in steel-making has been a prime concern of the industry, particularly in Japan with the expansion of the steel industry in the 1960s and following the oil price shocks which led to the significant substitution of heavy fuel oil by coal in some blast furnaces. Improvements were made world-wide in coal blending technology, coking technology and coke application technology for blast furnaces, and in the late 1970s, semi-soft coking coal and non-coking coal were partly used for the first time. In the second half of the 1980s, pulverised coal injection—a technology for injecting coal directly into the blast furnace to provide the chemical reaction agents necessary to convert iron ore to pig-iron—became more widespread. Coal used in this way, as PCI, provides important economic benefits to the steel-maker; it lowers the quantity of coke required to produce pig-iron (one tonne of PCI coal replaces about 1.4 tonnes of coking coal) and thereby prolongs the life of coke ovens by reducing the amount of coke required to be produced. This is important because many coke ovens are reaching the end of their useful life and significant investment is required to replace or to maintain them, which often involves additional costs to meet stringent environmental standards.

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.15

Table I.5 PCI Used in Blast Furnaces (major consumers in thousand tonnes)

Japan Korea Germany France Netherlands United States Italy United Kingdom Spain Belgium Sweden Slovakia India Colombia Total

2004

2005

5551 5001 2641 2103 1406 1733 955 819 405 591 423 385 2059 231

5620 5481 2770 2166 1472 1284 1154 983 493 479 417 377 2161 233

25100

25852

See Table 5.4 in Part II for other countries and historical data. World totals are Secretariat estimates. Includes granular coal injection for some countries.

The performance of PCI technology depends on the quality and consistency of the pulverised coal used in the blast furnace. In terms of volatility, a wide range of coals—from anthracite to high volatile—are utilised. Indicative qualities for PCI coal (air dried) are as follows: below 7% ash; below 10% total moisture, low alkalis and low phosphorus. It should be noted that in IEA statistics of coal consumption, PCI is classified by the IEA Secretariat as a steam coal (as most PCI coal is generally of a steam coal quality and not coking coal quality) for most countries. (For Japan, PCI consumption is reported in this book as a coking coal in order to be consistent

with the Japanese practice of including imports of PCI coal with coking coal). This approach to coal classification for statistical reporting purposes recognises that PCI and other similar coals are also blended with coking coal to form a coal that is still suitable for coke making. However, it should be noted that Member countries are not consistent in reporting steam and coking coal import and export statistics to the IEA Secretariat because PCI coals are included in coking coal data by some countries and in steam coal by others. For this reason it is difficult to compare steam and coking coal supply in some large users of PCI or to match import data with export data for the same partner countries for steam and coking. As imports and exports data for PCI coal are not available separately, the IEA Secretariat is not able to “correct” trade data reported by Member countries to ensure that the series of steam and coking coal trade and supply are consistent. PCI coal is classified as steam coal in the statistics of the following countries: France, Luxembourg and Turkey, whereas PCI coal is classified as a coking coal by the following countries: Australia, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom and the United States. Data on PCI consumption are available from 1990 (Table 5.4). PCI consumption statistics suggest that PCI consumption worldwide is increasing as steel industries in the Non-OECD countries refine their steel making technology and add new processes such as carbon injection.

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COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.17

4. TRADE Russia’s exports of hard coal increased by 17.0%, from 78.7 Mt in 2005 to 92.1 Mt in 2006, thus remaing the world’s third largest hard coal exporter.

Hard Coal Trade World hard coal trade rose by 2.7% or 21.5 Mt in 2006. Trade is now estimated at 814.8 Mt in 2006 compared to 793.3 Mt in 2005. Table I.6 World Hard Coal Trade [Mt]

World Asia - Pacific Europe Africa + Middle East North America Latin America Balancing Item

2005

2006e

Growth (%)

793.3 402.0 281.2 19.6 47.4 18.3 24.7

814.8 418.2 290.7 18.0 51.6 19.3 17.0

2.7% 4.0% 9.6% -8.2% 9.2% 5.5% NA

Note: There is some uncertainty in the regional breakdown of trade because of the balancing item in Part II, Table 3.2 in has not been allocated to the regions. The convention adopted in this book is that world trade in coal is considered equal to the sum of the exports of all countries. Because total world imports do not equal total world exports for the same period (as trade is not instantaneous) a balancing item has been introduced in Part II, Tables 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4. As a consequence the sum of imports of coal by region will not coincide with world trade.

Detailed statistics on imports and exports by origin and destination for the OECD countries are presented in Part III. Detailed coal trade statistics for the main non-OECD countries are presented in Part IV of this book. Australia remains the world's leading coal exporter with total hard coal exports reaching 231.3 Mt in 2006, the same amount as in the previous year. Indonesia continues to show strong exports growth with an increase of 17.7% or 19.4 Mt to reach 129.3 Mt in 2006 and as such remains the second largest hard coal exporter in the world.

South African exports dropped by 5.8% or 4.2 Mt to 68.8 Mt in 2006, but still the country became the world’s fourth largest exporter, closely followed by China whose exports went down for the third consecutive year by 11.8% to 63.3 Mt. Colombia coal exports showed a 7.6% increase reaching 59.7 Mt in 2006 and remained the sixth-ranking coal exporter. United States exports dropped by 0.4% to 44.9 Mt in 2006 and maintained its seventh-ranking position behind Colombia. Canadian coal exports decreased by 2.8%, or 0.8 Mt, to 27.4 Mt, but Canada is remaining the eighth largest coal exporter. Kazakhstan maintaines its ninthranking position with exports increasing by 2% from 25.2 Mt to 25.7 Mt. After a significant drop of Polish hard coal exports in 2006, Kazakhstan is now just ahead of Vietnam, whose exports also increased by 25% to 22.5 Mt in 2006. Table I.7 Major Hard Coal Exporters [Mt] 2004

2005

2006e

Australia Indonesia Russia South Africa PR of China Colombia United States Canada Kazakhstan Vietnam Other

218.4 96.1 65.2 66.4 86.6 51.7 43.4 25.7 22.0 12.2 57.2

231.3 109.9 78.7 73.0 71.8 55.5 45.1 28.2 25.2 18.0 56.8

231.3 129.3 92.1 68.8 63.3 59.7 44.9 27.4 25.7 22.5 49.8

Total(1)

747.4

793.3

814.8

(1) See note (1) on Table I.8

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I.18 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Table I.8 Major Hard Coal Importers [Mt]

Table I.9 World Seaborne Hard Coal Trade [Mt]

2004

2005

2006e

Japan Korea Chinese Taipei United Kingdom Germany India PR of China United States Russia Italy Spain France Netherlands Brazil Turkey Other

180.8 79.0 60.6 36.2 39.5 28.5 18.6 24.6 22.3 24.7 24.5 19.5 22.6 14.1 16.4 162.6

174.7 76.8 60.4 44.0 37.1 38.6 26.2 27.5 22.4 24.2 24.8 19.9 20.4 13.7 17.4 161.1

177.9 79.7 63.5 51.3 41.3 40.5 37.5 32.7 25.8 24.6 23.7 20.4 17.8 13.4 13.2 155.8

Total(1)

774.5

789.2

819.1

(1) Rounding, differences between coal types (coking and steam) and assignment of source and destination “non-specified” coal results in some discrepancies between Table 3.2, and Tables 3.14 and 3.16 in Part II. Statistics for hard coal exports and imports presented in these tables are shown for selected countries with historic data in Part II, Tables 3.5, 3.7, 3.14 and 3.16.

Coal exports from all other countries increased by 6.7% from 59.6 Mt to 55.4 Mt in 2006. A bulk of these exports originated in Poland, Venezuela, the Czech Republic, Ukraine, Norway and India. It should be noted that exports from the Netherlands and Belgium effectively consist of re-exported volumes. Although final data for coal imports does not allow for allocation of all reported coal exports to countries world-wide, preliminary estimates indicate that total world hard coal imports which can be allocated were about 819.1 Mt in 2006, a 3.8% increase over 2005 imports of 789.2 Mt. The top five ranking coal importing countries in 2006 are, in order: Japan, the Republic of Korea, Chinese Taipei, the United Kingdom and Germany. Hard coal imports increased in the top ten ranking importing countries.

Seaborne Coal Trade The methodology used to estimate seaborne trade is described in the accompanying box. World seaborne coal trade is 728.7 Mt in 2006, of which 524.8 Mt was steam coal and 203.9 Mt was coking coal. Seaborne trade is up by 2.6% or 18.5 Mt compared to 2005. This marks the eighth consecutive year of growth for seaborne hard coal trade. The annual volume of world and seaborne trade since 1983 are shown in Part II, Table 3.1.

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Steam Coal Coking Coal

2005 501.1 209.2

2006e 524.8 203.9

Growth (%) 4.7% -2.5%

Total

710.2

728.7

2.6%

Seaborne hard coal trade since 1983 has increased at an average rate of 5.5% per annum. The strongest component of growth has been steam coal trade, which has increased at an average annual rate of nearly 7.6%. The average annual growth rate of seaborne coking coal trade is about 2.7%. Methodology for Estimating Seaborne Coal Trade Seaborne coal trade is estimated by adding the volume of exports from all countries with the following exceptions. Hard coal, steam and coking coal are calculated similarly: Belgium Canada China Colombia Czech Republic France Germany India DRP Korea Netherlands Poland

Slovak Republic South Africa Former Yugoslavia United States Former Soviet Union Republics

Venezuela Zimbabwe

exclude neighbouring countries exclude to the United States exclude to DRP Korea exclude to Venezuela exclude to continental Europe exclude neighbouring countries exclude neighbouring countries exclude neighbouring countries exclude to China exclude neighbouring countries exclude one third of all exports to Germany and all exports to Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, the Slovak Republic, former Soviet Union and former Yugoslavia exclude to continental Europe exclude neighbouring countries exclude intra-republic trade Republics exclude to Canada, Mexico exclude all exports to Austria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and the Slovak Republic and exclude intra - Soviet Union trade exclude to Colombia exclude neighbouring countries except Mozambique

In 2006, the growth of seaborne steam coal trade was 4.7%, which is a volume increase of 23.7 Mt. Drop of seaborne coking coal trade was 2.5%, which is a volume decrease of 5.3 Mt. The breakdown between coking and steam coal statistics in world coal trade is affected by the practice of some countries, e.g. Australia that includes some steam coal (soft or semi-soft coking coal, used for blending or as PCI) in their coking coal statistics. Some countries,

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.19

e.g. Japan (See Box on Japanese coal trade classification) also report such coals as coking coal imports but other countries include this trade in their steam coal import statistics. This results in a discrepancy between reported world imports and exports of coking and steam coal. As the use of PCI and blended coal increases, and unless countries adopt a standard reporting system for coal trade, this statistical problem will render data on steam and coking coal trade increasingly misleading. A standard reporting of PCI coal using a classification based on coal quality rather then on coal end-use would be a major improvement. A Note on Japanese Coal Trade Classification In the official Japanese trade statistics collected by the Ministry of Finance (MOF), imported coal is initially classified according to its inherent properties, then allocated to either the category steam or coking coal. Bituminous coal with not more than 8% ash (on an air-dried basis) is always classified as a coking coal. Sub-bituminous coal, irrespective of its ash content, is classified as a steam coal. Bituminous coal with more than 8% ash can be classified as either a steam or coking coal, according to the judgement at the discharge port. In practice, this means for example, that Kaltim Prima coal (classified as a steam coal in Indonesian export statistics) is always classified as a coking coal by MOF, despite its possible use as a power station fuel. On the other hand METI (the Japanese Agency that submits trade data to the IEA) collects import data from coal users and classifies coal on the basis of its Free Swelling Index (FSI) and percent Volatile content as follows: FSI greater than 1 greater than 1 others

Volatile content Less than or equal to 14 Less than or equal to 23 Others

Classification coking coal coking coal Steam coal

Overland Coal Trade Coal traded overland internationally was about 86.1 Mt, and represented 10.6% of total international trade. Overland trade increased by 3.0 Mt, or 3.6% in 2006. This trade consists primarily of trade between the United States and Canada, trade between countries within continental Europe and the former Soviet Union and trade between the successor republics of the former Soviet Union. In North America, most coal is transported to the Great Lakes via railroad from producing regions in the Appalachian and Rocky Mountains, and taken by water-borne carriers (“lakers”) to

the final point of consumption. Trade between the US and Mexico is also primarily by rail. The main inland transportation method for overland transport in Europe is by rail; however, a significant amount of coal moves by inland waterway as well. Inland international coal trade in the former Soviet Union consists of primarily rail shipments of coal from Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine to each other, and to other former members of the Soviet Union.

Steam Coal Trade Total world steam coal exports rose by 27.6 Mt or 4.9% in 2006 to reach 592.6 Mt (Part II, Table 3.3). In terms of tonnage volume, exports from Australia, Indonesia, Russia, Colombia, Kazakhstan, Vietnam and the United States rose in 2006 whereas South Africa, China and Poland experienced declining steam coal exports. In 2006, Australia remained the largest steam coal exporter with 18.7% of world exports. Indonesia, Russia and South Africa followed with respective shares of 17.5%, 13.8% and 11.4% of steam coal exports. In 2006, steam coal imports in the Asia-Pacific market decreased by 0.6%, or 1.6 Mt, to reach 285.8 Mt. Asia-Pacific imports represent about 50% of total world steam coal trade in 2006. Consumption growth in the Asia-Pacific market has underpinned international steam coal trade in the recent past. Japan remained, by far, the world's largest single market for seaborne steam coal, receiving 105.0 Mt in 2006, which represented a decline of 13.1 Mt, or 11.1%. Other major recipients in the region were Korea (59.6 Mt), Chinese Taipei (57.5 Mt), China (28.8 Mt), India (21.9 Mt), Hong Kong (11.4 Mt) and Malaysia (11.3 Mt). In 2006, the major steam coal suppliers to this AsiaPacific market were Indonesia, Australia, China and Russia. Steam coal exports to the European market were 224.6 Mt in 2006, 5.2 Mt, or 2.4% higher than in 2005. This market represents 38% of 2006 total world steam coal trade. Within the region, the major European importers were the United Kingdom (44.4 Mt), Germany (32.7 Mt), Russia (25.8 Mt), Spain (20.1 Mt), Italy (18.6 Mt), France (14.4 Mt) and the Netherlands (14.2 Mt).

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I.20 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Table I.10 Major Steam Coal Exporters [Mt] 2005

2006e

Australia Indonesia (1) Russia South Africa (1) Colombia (1) PR of China Kazakhstan Vietnam United States Poland Other

106.4 90.9 66.5 71.9 55.3 65.7 25.2 18.0 19.1 16.2 29.8

110.8 104.0 81.7 67.7 59.7 58.9 25.7 22.5 19.9 13.1 28.6

Total(1)

549.4

592.6

(1) Due to the practice of some OECD countries classifying steam quality coal as coking coal imports, export statistics in this table have been ‘adjusted’ to reflect this practice, and are consistent with data in Part II, Table 3.3, but inconsistent with data in Tables 3.19 and 3.21.

Table I.11 Major Steam Coal Importers [Mt] 2005

2006e

Japan Korea Chinese Taipei United Kingdom Germany United States PR of China Russia India Spain Italy France Netherlands Hong Kong Malaysia Other

118.1 56.1 55.2 37.4 30.0 25.9 19.0 21.5 21.7 21.2 18.4 13.7 15.4 10.8 10.5 113.4

105.0 59.6 57.5 44.4 32.7 31.2 28.8 25.8 21.9 20.1 18.6 14.4 14.2 11.4 11.3 105.7

Total(1)

588.3

602.6

(1) Rounding, differences between coal types (coking and steam) and assignment of source and destination “non-specified” coal results in some discrepancies between Table 3.3 and Tables 3.19 and 3.21 in Part II. Statistics for steam coal imports presented in this table are shown for selected countries with historic data in Part II, Tables 3.10 and 3.12.

The 2006 main steam coal suppliers to this market were Russia, South Africa, Kazakhstan, Colombia, Indonesia, Poland and Australia. In North America steam coal shipments increased by 10.1%, from 41.6 to 45.8 Mt in 2006. Total North American steam coal imports were up by 4.2 Mt. The largest supplier to the North American market is Colombia, ahead of Australia, the United States and Indonesia. In 2006, 6.3 Mt of steam coal were imported to Latin American countries, a decrease of 13.7% over 2005. The largest suppliers to Latin America are Colombia, Indonesia, Australia, South Africa and Russia.

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Table I.12 World Steam Coal Trade [Mt]

World Asia - Pacific Europe North America Africa + Middle East Latin America Balancing Item

2005

2006e

Growth (%)

565.0 287.6 219.4 41.6 14.8 7.3 -5.6

592.6 285.8 224.6 45.8 13.7 6.3 16.3

4.9% -0.6% 2.4% 10.1% -7.4% -13.7% NA

Note: Uncertainty in the regional breakdown of trade exists because the balancing item in Part II, Table 3.3, is not allocated to the regions. Due to the practice of some OECD countries classifying steam quality coal as coking coal imports, export statistics in this table have been adjusted to reflect this practice and are inconsistent with data in Part II, Tables 3.19 and 3.21.

Coking Coal Trade Total world coking coal trade decreased by 2.6% from 228.2 Mt to 221.8 Mt in 2006. Australia remained, by far, the largest exporter at 120.5 Mt, with exports down by 4.4 Mt compared to the previous year. Indonesia became the second-ranking coking coal exporter and increased volume by 6.4 Mt from 18.9 Mt to 25.3 Mt. The third-ranking United States experienced a 1.1 Mt decrease to reach 24.9 Mt. The remaining market was divided among Canada, Russia, the Czech Republic, China, Poland, New Zealand and South Africa. Indonesia, South Africa and Colombia supply coals which have marginal coking characteristics, but they are classified as coking coals in Table I.13 and Table I.14 since they are used in coking coal blends or for pulverised coal injection (PCI) by importing countries that classify them as coking coals. Table I.13 World Coking Coal Trade [Mt] 2005 World Asia - Pacific Europe Latin America North America Africa + Middle East Balancing Item

228.2 114.5 61.8 11.0 5.8 4.4 30.3

2006e 222.2 132.4 66.4 13.4 5.8 3.9 0.6

Growth (%) -2.6% 15.6% 7.4% 21.8% 0.0% -11.4% NA

Note: Uncertainty exists in the regional trade breakdown because the balancing item in Part II, Table 3.4 is not allocated to the regions. Due to the practice of some OECD countries classifying steam quality coal as coking coal imports, export statistics in this table have been adjusted to reflect this practice and are inconsistent with data in Part II, Tables 3.18 and 3.20.

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.21

Table I.14 Major Coking Coal Exporters [Mt] 2005

2006e

Australia Indonesia (1) United States Canada Russia Czech Republic PR of China Poland New Zealand South Africa Other

124.9 18.9 26.0 26.7 12.1 3.2 6.1 3.2 2.3 1.1 3.1

120.5 25.3 24.9 24.6 10.4 4.6 4.4 3.6 2.7 1.1 0.1

Total(1)(2)

228.2

222.2

(1) Due to the practice of some OECD countries classifying steam quality coal as coking coal imports, export statistics in this table have been ‘adjusted’ to reflect this practice, and are consistent with data in Table 3.4, but inconsistent with data in Part II, Tables 3.18 and 3.20.

Table I.15 Major Coking Coal Importers [Mt]

Japan Korea India Brazil PR of China Germany United Kingdom Ukraine Chinese Taipei France Italy Turkey Canada Netherlands Spain Other Total(2)

2005

2006e

56.6 20.6 16.9 13.7 7.2 7.2 6.6 6.9 5.2 6.2 5.8 4.9 4.2 5.0 3.6 30.3

72.9 20.1 18.6 13.4 8.7 8.6 6.9 6.4 6.0 6.0 6.0 5.0 4.3 3.7 3.6 26.4

200.9

216.6

(2) Rounding, differences between coal types (coking and steam) and assignment of source and destination “non-specified” coal results in some discrepancies between Table 3.4, and Tables 3.18 and 3.20 in Part II. Statistics for coking coal imports presented in this table are shown for selected countries with historic data in Tables 3.9 and 3.11.

Coking coal exports to Asia-Pacific are estimated to have reached 132.4 Mt in 2006. Within the region, Japan accounts for 55.1% of the market in 2006; and remains the world’s largest single market for seaborne coking coal. In 2006, exports to Japan reached 72.9 Mt. Other major importers in the region were Korea (20.1 Mt), India (18.6 Mt) and China (8.7 Mt). The major coking coal supplier to this regional market in

2006 was Australia, with nearly 70% of supply, followed by Indonesia, Canada, China and Russia. Coking coal trade to the European market was 66.4 Mt in 2006, which is 7.4% higher than in 2005. This market accounts for about 30% of the world coking coal exports. Within the region, the major importers are Germany (8.6 Mt), the United Kingdom (6.9 Mt), Ukraine (6.4 Mt), France (6.0 Mt), Italy (6.0 Mt), Turkey (5.0 Mt) and the Netherlands (3.7 Mt). Spain, Belgium, the Slovak Republic, Sweden, Romania and Austria were the other coking coal exports recipients located in this region. The main coking coal suppliers to this market in 2006 were Australia, the United States, Russia and Canada. These four countries controlled 83.4% of the market. Significant quantities are also supplied by the Czech Republic (4.5 Mt) and Poland (4.1 Mt). Within North America a majority of coking coal trade is between Canada and the United States. About 5.8 Mt of coking coal was traded in the region in 2006. In 2006, Latin America showed a net trade of 13.0 Mt of coking coal. Brazil was the main importer of coking coal, while Chile and Argentina also reported small import volumes. The main suppliers to this regional market are Australia, the United States and Canada. These three countries control 87% of the Latin American export coking coal market. South Africa also shipped some metallurgical grade coal to this market in 2006.

Coke Oven Coke Trade The OECD countries’ imports of coke oven coke decreased by 2.7% (0.5 Mt) to 18.0 Mt in 2006 (Table 3.13). The United States, Germany, France, Japan and Austria were the five major OECD coke importers in 2006, accounting for 63.5% of coke imports. The United States alone accounted for 20.5% of the OECD coke imports in 2006. Coke exports from the OECD countries were about 14.1 Mt in 2006, an increase of 25.3% over the 2005 level (Table 3.22). Poland, Japan, the United States, Spain and the Czech Republic were the top five exporters in 2006 accounting for 83% of coke exports.

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I.22 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Coke statistics for the non-OECD countries are available for 2005. Although coke imports and exports both declined, the non-OECD countries, as a region, remained a net exporter with imports of 8.1 Mt and exports of 16.7 Mt in 2005. Within the

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non-OECD countries, China (12.8 Mt) and Russia (2.9 Mt) where the main exporters while India (2.6 Mt), and Brazil (1.7 Mt) were the main importers. On its own, China accounted for 45.3% of world coke exports.

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.23

5. PRICES This section provides analyses of customs unit values and end-user prices reported by OECD Member countries: • Customs unit values are average values derived from customs’ administrations total volume and total value data. These data indicate broad price movements as they are averages of all qualities of coal without regard to the end-use of the coal or to the contract terms and conditions under which the trade occurs. • End-user prices are those paid by end-users in the power sector and in industry; and are reported by Member countries in a quarterly reporting system which the IEA’s Standing Group on Long Term Co-operation initiated in 1981. Data received are published in the IEA quarterly publication Energy Prices and Taxes. Unless otherwise stated, prices are reported in US dollars in the year specified (i.e. current US dollars). Annual FOB, CIF and coal end-user prices for up to twenty three years are presented in Tables at the end of this narrative; only the most recent representative prices are shown in tabular form in the text. In addition to the official price statistics presented, coal price statistics published in the industry press are used to summarize short term spot steam coal price trends. Although not “official” in that they are not provided by member countries, there is a high correlation between prices published by the industry press and national coal price statistics.

International Steam Coal Prices Customs Unit Values Steam Coal Import Unit Values The estimated cost of steam coal imported by the OECD countries averaged $63.38/t in 2006, measured

by customs unit values, showed a drop of 2.3% from the level of $64.85/t in 2005. This follows a strong increase of 17.2% in 2005 (from the level of $55.34/t in 2004). The average cost of steam coal imported into Japan was $63.33/t, an increase of 1% in 2006 from the average price level of $62.73/t in 2005. This contrasts with a strong increase of 21.9% in 2005 from the 2004 level of $51.48/t. The cost of steam coal imported into the European Union averaged $69.80/t, decreasing 2.1% in 2006 from the average price of $71.27/t in 2005. This contrasts with an increase of 15.1% in 2005 from the 2004 level of $61.91/t. Table I.16 Steam Coal: Import Unit Values CIF [US$/t] OECD

Japan

EU

2004 2005 2006

55.34 64.85 63.38

51.48 62.73 63.33

61.91 71.27 69.80

Change 2004 to 2005 Change 2005 to 2006

17.2% -2.3%

21.9% 1.0%

15.1% -2.1%

See Tables 4.3 and 4.4 for previous years for Japan and EU.

Export Unit Values Export unit values reflect the price of coal at the point of exiting a producing country; thus, the price includes the transportation cost of moving the coal from the producing mine to the point of exit; however, it excludes the international transportation cost. Export unit values summarised in the table below, and detailed in Table 4.5 are “free on board” (FOB) for Australia, Columbia, Indonesia and South Africa; and “free at shipside” (FAS) for the United States. The value in FOB countries includes the cost of loading at the port of exit, while it is excluded in the data for the United States.

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I.24 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Table I.17 Steam Coal: Export Unit Values (FOB/FAS) [US$/t] Average to all markets Australia Indonesia Colombia South Africa FOB FOB FOB FOB

coal exporters and the two major coal importing regions. The difference theoretically relates to average international transport costs. US FAS

2004 2005 2006

37.65 48.86 47.05

38.00 44.50 47.25

59.55 51.89 51.92

32.94 46.21 45.78

53.93 67.09 55.66

Change 04 to 05 05 to 06

29.8% -3.7%

17.1% 6.2%

-12.9% 0.1%

40.3% -0.9%

24.4% -17.0%

See Table 4.5 for previous years.

Average FOB and FAS export unit value (in US dollars) for Australia, South Africa and the United States dropped in 2006 by 1% to 17% after increases between 24% and 40% in 2005.

Comparison to Oil Import Values In some OECD Member countries, steam coal competes directly with heavy and crude oil in the power generation sector. It is therefore appropriate to compare imported steam coal and selected imported oil prices. OECD imported oil and coal costs are summarised in Figure 1 on page I.27. In 2006, the average import cost of steam coal decreased by 2.2% from $72.40/tce to $70.75/tce. In comparison the average import cost of crude oil increased by 22.1% from $254/tce to $310/tce. The Rotterdam average spot price of heavy fuel oil (3.5% sulphur) was 25.3% higher in 2006 at $208/tce than the $166/tce average in 2005, a less impressive growth compared with an increase of 50.9% in 2005 from the 2004 level of $110/tce. In 2005, the OECD average imported coal cost rose by 17.3% from a level of $61.69/tce in 2004, while the average import cost of crude oil increased by 39.3%. In terms of cost per unit of energy, crude oil was 4.4 times, and high sulphur fuel oil was 2.9 times more expensive respectively than the cost of energy supplied with steam coal in 2006.

Comparison of Import and Export Unit Values Figure 2 on page I.27 summarises long term trends for Japanese and European Union import unit values and Australian, Colombian, and South African export unit values. The intent is to show the average difference between export and import values for the three major

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The chart illustrates that import values and export values tend to fluctuate in tandem—suggesting that, over the long run, international transportation rates remain relatively constant. It also shows the sharp increase in FOB unit values from major exporters, along with corresponding rises in CIF import values in the key Japanese and EU markets, beginning in the late summer of 2003. Regional variations of import values are influenced by seaborne transportation rates as well as differences in underlying coal qualities and costs.

Spot Steam Coal Prices Figure 3 and Figure 4 summarise movements in average monthly spot coal prices in two coal consuming regions and two coal producing countries. The price statistics are estimated by The McCloskey Coal Group Ltd and published in McCloskey’s Coal Report on a fortnightly basis. The estimates are based upon surveys of actual spot transactions in the importing and exporting regions. Though there are not official IEA statistics, these prices are shown here to illustrate shortterm and more recent steam coal price movements. The trend illustrated by Figure 3 indicates a surge in CIF (imported) steam coal prices, beginning in late 2003 and culminating in July 2004. After that date, prices gradually declined to reach 2003 year’s end levels by the end of 2005. Since then they have gradually increased to near their mid-2004 peak. Driven by increased consumption and stagnant supply growth in the Atlantic market (EU and East/Gulf Coast North America), South Africa steam coal export prices showed a gradual upward pattern even in early 2003. After fluctuating in a narrow range in the fourth quarter of 2002 and the first quarter of 2003, steam coal prices surveyed at Richards Bay started a threefold increase and peaked by June 2004. However, prices went down during the next three quarters to resume the level of early 2004 by February 2005. Despite a short period of increases, Richards Bay export prices declined during the second half of 2005 to then increase significantly between November 2005 and March 2006, reaching its highest level since February 2004. During the first quarter of 2007, Richards Bay export prices showed some relative stability. Although prices at Newcastle, Australia began rising somewhat later in 2003, they surged even more strongly in the fourth quarter of 2003. The surveys of

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.25

Newcastle prices suggest and increase of 275% between April 2003 and June 2004. As in Richards Bay, prices in Newcastle fell during the second half of 2004, were fairly stable until July 2005 before falling and rising again, so that by May 2006 they were roughly at the level of May 2005. After a decrease between July and November 2006, Newcastle prices resumed to similar levels as to the second quarter of 2006. Figure 3 shows that delivered coal prices (CIF) experienced similar patterns of growth in 2003 and 2004 than FOB port prices. Delivered coal prices also experienced a decline until the last quarter of 2005. Delivered spot steam coal prices into the Northwest Europe then initiated an upward trend until June 2007, reaching a peak almost equal to the peak in December 2004. In the Asian market, prices increased constantly until reaching the historical peak of July 2004. Export prices continued to rise in 2006, reflecting a still tight supply and demand market situation where coal consumption growth remained strong. Consumption growth was particularly strong in the non-OECD countries such as China, India, and Russia. China’s strong growth in domestic consumption led to a second year of strong reduction in Chinese coal exports. The US dollar depreciation also had an indirect impact on reported US dollar denominated prices, to compensate for the appreciation of local currencies. Currency movements had also an influence on transport rates.

International Coking Coal Prices

States. Thus, the value in Australia includes the cost of loading at the port of exit, while it is excluded in the data for the United States. Table I.18 Coking Coal: Import Unit Values (CIF) [US$/t] Japan

EU

2004 2005 2006

61.40 88.80 93.10

78.12 109.61 125.86

Change 2004 to 2005 Change 2005 to 2006

44.6% 4.8%

40.3% 14.8%

See Tables 4.1 and 4.2 for previous years.

In 2005, coking coal export unit values increased for Australia and the United States respectively by 82.1% and 28.2% to $88.94/t and $89.91/t, from the respective levels of $48.84/t and $70.14/t in 2004. Coking coal export unit values increased for Australia and the United States again in 2006. The value was up 10.5% for Australia to $98.27/t while for the United States, the increase reflected more continuity in respect to 2005, going up 24.2% to $111.72/t. This reflects an extended coking coal supply restraint in the face of a strong and growing global steel consumption. Table I.19 Coking Coal: Export Unit Values (FOB/FAS) [US$/t] Australia

US

2004 2005 2006

48.84 88.94 98.27

70.14 89.91 111.72

Change 2004 to 2005 Change 2005 to 2006

82.1% 10.5%

28.2% 24.3%

See Table 4.6 for previous years.

Customs Unit Values In Japan, average customs unit values for coking coal imports increased slightly after two consecutive years of increases by more than 40%: the customs unit values surged by 44.6% in 2005, from $61.40/t to $88.80/t, and increased by 4.8% in 2006 to $93.10/t (Table I.18). In the EU, the average customs unit values increased in 2005 by 40.3%, from $78.12/t to $109.61/t, and by 14.8% in 2006 to $125.86/t. Export unit values summarised in Table 1.19, and detailed in Table 4.6, are “free on board” (FOB) for Australia and “free at shipside” (FAS) for the United

Coking coal CIF prices increased significantly in 2006, as they also included the added impact of rises in shipping rates.

End-User Prices Data on coal prices paid by end-users in the power sector and in industry are reported to the OECD by Member countries in a quarterly reporting system which the IEA’s Standing Group on Long Term Co-operation initiated in 1981. Data received are published in the IEA quarterly publication Energy Prices and

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I.26 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Taxes. Data presented in US dollars in Tables 4.7, 4.8 and 4.9 have been sourced from this publication. In Part III, Table 13, where it has been reported, prices of coal used in the power sector and by industry are shown in both national currencies and in US dollars on a tonne of coal equivalent basis. It should be stressed that definitions for prices shown for a particular energy source in a given sector may

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differ substantially from country to country. Although the Secretariat aims to report data that is comparable between countries, users are advised to carefully refer to the general and country-specific notes in the IEA publication, Energy Prices and Taxes, for details of sources and data coverage. End-user prices for some non-OECD countries are collected by the IEA Secretariat and are also published quarterly in Energy Prices and Taxes.

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.27

Figure 1: OECD International Trade Values for Steam Coal and Oil (US$/tce) 350 300 250 200 150 100 50

1Q 19 8 1Q 5 19 8 1Q 6 19 8 1Q 7 19 8 1Q 8 19 8 1Q 9 19 9 1Q 0 19 9 1Q 1 19 9 1Q 2 19 9 1Q 3 19 9 1Q 4 19 9 1Q 5 19 9 1Q 6 19 9 1Q 7 19 9 1Q 8 19 9 1Q 9 20 0 1Q 0 20 0 1Q 1 20 0 1Q 2 20 0 1Q 3 20 0 1Q 4 20 0 1Q 5 20 0 1Q 6 20 07

0

Crude Oil (OECD CIF import cost)

Steam Coal (OECD CIF import cost)

Heavy Fuel Oil (Spot Rotterdam)

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes. Notes: Spot prices for heavy fuel oil are not directly comparable to customs unit values for steam coal. They are, however, closely correlated with average CIF crude oil prices, which are, by definition comparable to customs unit values for steam coal. As a consequence, it is not unreasonable to compare customs unit values for steam coal with spot prices of heavy fuel oil. Steam coal and crude oil are IEA average and CIF import values. Steam coal excludes intra-EU trade. Heavy fuel oil is Rotterdam spot market value, 3.5% sulphur.

Figure 2: Steam Coal Import and Export Value Comparison (US$/t) 80

70

60

50

40

30

Japan CIF

EU Member States CIF

Australia FOB

South Africa FOB

20 06

20 05

20 04

20 03

20 02

20 01

20 00

19 99

19 98

19 97

19 96

19 95

19 94

19 93

19 92

19 91

19 90

19 89

19 88

19 87

19 86

19 85

19 84

20

Colombia FOB

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes.

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I.28 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Figure 3: Delivered Steam Coal Prices in Europe and Asia (US$/t CIF) 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10

Ja n Au 91 g 9 M 1 ar 9 O 2 ct M 92 ay D 93 ec 9 Ju 3 l9 Fe 4 b Se 9 5 p 9 Ap 5 r9 N 6 ov 9 Ju 6 n 9 Ja 7 n Au 98 g 9 M 8 ar 9 O 9 ct M 99 ay D 00 ec 0 Ju 0 l0 Fe 1 b Se 0 2 p 0 Ap 2 r N 03 ov 0 Ju 3 n 04 Ja n Au 05 g 0 M 5 ar 0 O 6 ct M 06 ay 07

0

McCloskey Northwest Europe CIF

McCloskey Asian CIF

Source: The McCloskey Coal Group Ltd, McCloskey’s Coal Report

Figure 4: FOB Port Steam Coal Prices in South Africa and Australia (US$/t FOB) 70

60

50

40

30

20

10

Ja n M 97 ay Se 97 p Ja 97 n M 98 ay Se 98 p Ja 98 n M 99 ay Se 99 p Ja 99 n M 00 ay Se 00 p Ja 00 n M 01 ay Se 01 p Ja 01 n M 02 ay Se 02 p Ja 02 n M 03 ay Se 03 p Ja 03 n M 04 ay Se 04 p Ja 04 n M 05 ay Se 05 p Ja 05 n M 06 ay Se 06 p Ja 06 n M 07 ay 07

0

South Africa (Richards Bay)

Source: The McCloskey Coal Group Ltd, McCloskey’s Coal Report

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Australia (Newcastle)

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.29

6. CO2 EMISSIONS (2004)

OECD emissions from fossil fuels increased from 9.4 Gt in 1971 to 11.1 Gt in 1990 and 12.9 Gt in 2004, which represents average annual growth rates of 0.9% between 1971 and 1990 and 1.1% between 1990 and 2004. As a result, the share of the OECD countries in total world CO2 emissions declined from 66% in 1971 to 53% in 1990 and 51% in 2004. Conversely, the share of the non-OECD countries in total world CO2 emissions rose from 30% in 1971 to 44% in 1990 and 46% in 2004, while the share of aviation and marine bunkers (which cannot be attributed to a region) remained stable around 3%. The increase in coal-related emissions was bigger in the non-OECD countries, which became responsible for the majority of coal-related emissions from 1992

Figure 5: World CO2 Emissions by Fuel 12 10 8 Gt CO2

The yearly growth in the emissions from fossil fuels averaged 2.0% between 1971 and 1990 while it averaged 1.8% between 1990 and 2004. This lower pace of growth after 1990 is in part related to the collapse of the formerly centrally-planned economies of Central and Eastern Europe, which led to a rapid decline in inefficient industrial sectors and restructuring of these economies. Other important factors include the use of more efficient technologies and renewable energy sources. While emissions increased on average by 1.2% between 1990 and 2000, they rose much quicker between 2000 and 2004, at an average pace of 3.2%, being driven by coal use in China.

onward. The non-OECD countries more than doubled their coal-related emissions from 2.1 Gt in 1971 to 6.3 Gt in 2004, whereas the increase in the OECD was of 37% from 3.1 Gt in 1971 to 4.3 Gt in 2004.

6 4 2 0 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 Coal

Oil

Gas

Other

Source: IEA/OECD CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion

Figure 6: World CO2 Emissions by Region 30 25 46%

20 Gt CO2

World CO2 emissions from fossil fuels increased by 88.7% between 1971 and 2004, going from 14.1 Gt in 1971 to 20.8 Gt in 1990 and 26.6 Gt in 2004. Over the same period, coal-related emissions increased by 104% from 5.2 Gt in 1971 to 8.1 Gt in 1990 and 10.6 Gt in 2004, then accounting for 40.0% of CO2 emissions from fossil fuels and becoming the first source of world CO2 emissions ahead of oil and natural gas.

44%

15

3%

10

30% 4%

3%

5

66%

53%

1971

1990

51%

0 OECD

Bunkers

2004 Non OECD

Source: IEA/OECD CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion

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I.30 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

Figure 7: OECD CO2 Emissions by Fuel - Shares

Figure 8: Coal-related CO2 Emissions by Region 12

50%

10

40%

8 Gt CO2

60%

30%

6

20%

4

10%

2

0% 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 Coal

Oil

Natural Gas

59% 49% 40%

60%

51%

41%

1990

2004

0 1971

Other

OECD

Non OECD

Source: IEA/OECD CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion

Source: IEA/OECD CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion

CO2 emissions have been clearly linked to economic growth. They have also been influenced by changes in international energy prices. Oil is still the largest contributor to world emissions, even though the upward trend was interrupted by the oil shocks of 1974 and 1979. Following the decline in oil prices after 1985, growth in emissions was mitigated because consuming countries adopted more energy-efficient technologies and behaviour, and some fuel switching. Oil, as the main contributor to OECD emissions, generated 44% of the CO2 emissions in 2004. As the OECD countries started diversifying their energy consumption after the two oil shocks, the share of oil in the CO2 emissions gradually declined and fell below the 50% line in 1980.

half between 1971 and 2004, falling from 1.2 Gt in 1971 to 0.7 Gt in 2004. As a result, the electricity and heat generation share of world coal-related CO2 emissions increased from 46% in 1971 to 72% in 2004, whereas the share of manufacturing industries and construction fell from 31% in 1971 to 22% in 2004. The decline in the share of other emissions was stronger, falling from 23% to 6% over the period.

World coal-related CO2 emissions due to electricity and heat generation more than tripled between 1971 and 2004, from 2.4 Gt in 1971 to 7.6 Gt in 2004. During the same period, emissions due to manufacturing industries and construction increased by 47.3%, from 1.6 Gt in 1971 to 2.3 Gt in 2004. Emissions due to the other sectors (including transport) were almost cut by

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12 6%

10

22% 8 Gt CO2

Coal is the second source of CO2 emissions within the OECD: between 1971 and 1985, coal was used as the main substitute to oil and its share increased, especially between 1978 and 1985, from its lowest point (31%) to its highest point (39%). After 1985, the share of coal declined regularly and by 2004 essentially returned to its 1971 level (34%).

Figure 9: World Coal-related CO2 Emissions by Sector

15%

6 4

26% 23% 72%

31% 59%

2 46% 0 1971

1990

2004

Other* Manufacturing Industries and Construction Electricity and Heat Production

* Other includes residential, transport, commercial/public services, agriculture, other enrgy industries and non-specified h

Source: IEA/OECD CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.31

7. COAL-TO-LIQUIDS: AN ALTERNATIVE OIL SUPPLY? The “Coal-to-Liquids, an Alternative Oil Supply?” workshop was organized by the IEA Coal Industry Advisory Board (CIAB) in November 2006. The workshop report was coordinated by Brian Ricketts of the Energy Diversification Division of the Office for Long-Term Co-operation and Policy Analysis and the following extract is provided to acquaint the readers of Coal Information with other ongoing coal-related policy work at the IEA. Various studies, along with other information on the Coal Industry Advisory Board (CIAB) activities can be viewed on the websites of the CIAB (www.ciab.org.uk) and the IEA (www.iea.org/ciab). The views expressed are not necessarily shared by member governments of the IEA.

Historical Background Oil supply security and price concerns have led to a renewed interest in coal as an alternative feedstock for the production of transport fuels and chemicals. By using coal conversion technologies, such as coal-toliquids (CTL), the world’s vast coal resources could become an important alternative to crude oil. CTL refers to both coal gasification, combined with Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) synthesis to produce liquid fuels, and the less developed direct coal liquefaction technologies. Coal gasification is applied widely in the production of chemicals and fertilisers, notably in China where 8000 coal gasifiers are operating. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, first developed in Germany in the early 20th century, has been further developed and improved in South Africa by Sasol. In the past, CTL has substituted for imported oil: during the 1930s and 1940s, when coal-rich Germany

needed a secure source of transport fuels; and, since the 1950s in South Africa, where 40 million tonnes of coal per year are still converted into 160000 barrels per day (b/d) of crude oil equivalent. Following the oil price shocks of the 1970s, significant coal liquefaction R&D was undertaken in the USA, Europe, Japan and Australia, although much of this development work was subsequently put on hold as oil prices stabilised from the mid-1980s and through the 1990s. Today, with the return of high oil prices, China is constructing a 60000 b/d CTL plant and, with plans for further projects, aims to produce one million barrels per day (mb/d) by 2020. In the USA, some incentives have been introduced for coalbased transport fuels and coal companies are now assessing the commercial viability of new projects in order to make greater use of the country’s vast coal resource.

Technical Background Coal may be used to produce liquid fuels suitable for transportation applications by removing carbon or adding hydrogen, either directly or indirectly. The process of removing carbon is usually known as carbonisation or pyrolysis and has low yields; the process of adding hydrogen is called liquefaction. As the cost of converting coal into useful liquid fuels is higher than the cost of refining crude oil, it is the relatively low price of the raw coal feedstock that provides the main incentive to pursue CTL technology. Direct liquefaction is potentially the most efficient route currently available, yielding in excess of 70% by weight of the dry, ash-free coal feed, under favorable conditions. Although many different direct processes exist, common features include the dissolution of a

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I.32 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

high proportion of the coal in a solvent at an elevated temperature and pressure followed by catalyzed hydrocracking of the dissolved coal with hydrogen gas. The overall energy efficiencies of the very best modern processes generally range from 60 to 70%, and this technology has been demonstrated at large pilot plants. Although no commercial plants yet exist, Shenhua Group’s first CTL facility is under construction in China which will use direct liquefaction technology. The less efficient, but commercially proven, indirect liquefaction process relies on the gasification of coal to produce synthesis gas (a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen), which is then reacted over a catalyst at temperature and pressure to produce the desired liquid products. It is this indirect process, using wellestablished Fischer-Tropsch synthesis that has been commercialized by Sasol in South Africa and will be used in several new projects proposed in China. For a modern plant, overall energy efficiency is typically higher than 40%.

Summary For the workshop “Coal-to-Liquids, an Alternative Oil Supply?”, coal industry leaders from IEA member countries joined their counterparts from South Africa, China, Russia and Poland to discuss developments in a field that has generated renewed attention because of recent high oil prices and concerns over the security of energy supplies. Coal-to-liquids (CTL) has a long history in South Africa and Sasol now converts 40 million tonnes of raw coal per year to produce 160000 barrels per day (b/d) of crude oil equivalent using the commercially-proven indirect liquefaction process. In the USA, companies are moving ahead with projects that seek to reduce the country’s dependence on imported oil, encouraged by a variety of Federal and state government incentives. However, it is in China where new projects are being developed in earnest, with a major construction project underway in Inner Mongolia. This plant, using newly-developed direct liquefaction technology and scheduled for commissioning in 2008, will produce one million tonnes of oil products each year (20 000 b/d) with a planned increase of 100000 b/d. Dr. Zhang Yuzhuo, Chairman of China Shenhua Coal Liquefaction Corporation, explained that this project formed one component of a strategy that would limit oil imports to below 50% of China’s demand by 2020 when direct and indirect coal liquefaction plants are expected to meet 0-15% of the forecast of 450 million tonnes

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(9 million b/d) in terms of annual oil demand. The global abundance of coal means that CTL could play an important future role, especially if greater experience leads to improved economics. However, as in other energy sectors, the scarcity of capital and skills was considered to be a major hurdle. NGOs, industrialists and policy advisors were all agreed that using coal as an alternative to oil for producing transport fuels will require carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS), if significant increases in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are to be avoided. In OECD countries, the need for CCS was taken as a given by project developers. In China, it is not a priority, but participants at the workshop heard a clear willingness to apply the technology if some way could be found to cover the economic cost. The CIAB will consider this challenge over the coming year within the broader context of how clean coal technologies can be more widely deployed. The workshop emphasized the potential contribution of CTL toward security of energy supply, economic development and environmental protection. It has been agreed that the transport sector was too dependent upon oil, so the IEA needed to understand the potential for alternatives, including biofuels, coal-toliquids, gastoliquids and biomass-to-liquids, not to replace oil, but as part of a diverse mix. However, would CTL be cost effective enough to contribute to economic growth? It can be noted with concen that CTL may add to pollution and CO2 emissions, unless abatement measures are taken (e.g. CO2 capture and storage). With the coal industry enjoying stronger demand growth than previously expected, it also raises the questions about the sustainability of this growth. Among other subjects, there has been a session on CTL projects in China. During one of the sessions, Dr. Zhang Yuzhuo, Chairman of China Shenhua Coal Liquefaction Corporation and Vice President of Shenhua Group Corporation Ltd, talked about China’s needs to develop CTL technologies and about Shenhua’s project plans related to CTL.

CTL Projects in China Shenhua Group is constructing the first process train of USD 3 billion, 60000 b/d (3.2 mtpa), direct coal liquefaction plant at Ordos in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, with a planned expansion to 5 mtpa. The company plans further CTL projects, including two plants in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (each 60-80 000 b/d) and a USD 5 billion, 80000

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I - I.33

b/d plant in Shaanxi Province, which are progressing using well-proven, indirect liquefaction technologies from Sasol and Shell. China aims to produce 50 mtoe annually by 2020, from 200 million tonnes of coal. In response, Yankuang Group has two coal-to-chemicals plants under construction at Yulin in Shaanxi Province, one Fischer-Tropsch plant and one based on methanol synthesis, Xinao Group has funding for a major dimethyl ether (DME) project in Inner Mongolia, and Lu’an Group has a small CTL project at Tunliu, Shaanxi Province. Many other proposals for polygeneration plants, producing electricity, hydrogen, liquid fuels and chemicals, are also under consideration, although China’s National Development and Reform Commission set new capital thresholds in July 2006, thus limiting future development to projects of more than 3 mtpa.

China’s Development Strategy for Coal-to-Liquids Industry Why does China need to develop CTL? In the previous 7-8 years, the Chinese economy had doubled and oil supply was now a critical issue. Having been a net oil importer since 1993, China’s oil import dependence could reach 60%-62% by 2020. China’s energy resources are relatively small, given the size of its population. Coal accounts for almost 90% of China’s total proven energy reserves, but less than 60% of its remaining exploitable resource, whilst oil accounts for only 2.8% of proven reserves and 3.4% of exploitable resources. Turning to energy consumption patterns, China was much more dependent on coal than other countries, almost 70% of total demand, and less dependent on oil. The use of coal increased since 2000 to 2.1 billion tonnes per annum, underpinning economic growth, but contributing to severe pollution problems. It is believed that CTL could add value to western China’s, low-cost coal resources by supplying affordable energy and allowing easier transport of smaller volumes of higher value products. He noted that the rail system was already overloaded with coal movements which accounted for over 40% of all rail freight in China. With an annual production of 220 Mt, Shenshua Group is China’s largest coal producer. It also owns 13 GW of coal-fired power plants, 1500 km of railways and two ports with a combined capacity of 80 mtpa.

Shenhua’s CTL and coal-to-chemicals developments were in full progress, strongly supported by the Group’s other activities. Shenhua had adopted three process routes: direct and indirect coal liquefaction (DCL and IDCL) to produce oil products, and the methanol intermediate route to produce olefins that typically have been derived from oil in China. The Shenhua DCL process uses a new, highly-efficient, synthetic catalyst developed in China which has very high activation and low cost. More than 90% of the coal in terms of weight is converted, and oil yield reaches 57% on a dry, ashfree basis. The process has been proven on a 6 t/d Process Development Unit (PDU) in Shanghai, operational since May 2004 with support from Japanese, German and US equipment suppliers. Shenhua’s commercial-scale DCL demonstration project will produce a little over 25000 b/d (1.1 mtoe per year). This first demonstration process train was intended to eliminate any technical risks with the remaining trains of the first and second phases. The first plant was 68% complete with two reactors already lifted and installed on site, including the world’s largest single reactor (2 250 tonnes). Ground breaking took place on 25 August 2004, pre-commissioning is scheduled during 2007, with final commissioning, test run and start-up in 2008. Speaking of Shenhua’s IDCL projects, the company is working with Sasol and Shell on the feasibility of CTL projects at two locations in western China to produce fuels (naphtha and diesel) and chemicals (oxygenates). In addition, three parallel IDCL projects are underway in China, one of which is run by Shenhua – a 4 000 b/d (170 000 toe per year) demonstration plant. ZHANG stated that Shenhua would construct more CTL plants, one after the other, in Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Xinjiang and elsewhere such that, by 2020, production capacity of oil products would reach 30 mtpa. The integrated development of DCL and IDCL is part of Shenhua’s plan. With respect to environmental performance, it has been reported that Shenhua’s mine mouth CTL plants made use of GE technology to eliminate waste water discharges – residues would be used as fuel for power generation, the cement industry would take all ash, and a market exists for sulphur. In addition, the potential to capture and store CO2 at an abandoned mine was being investigated in a project with the US DOE. The third coal conversion route being exploited by Shenhua is coal-to-olefins

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I.34 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART I

via coal gasification, methanol synthesis and methanol dehydration using mature processes: methanoltopropylene (MTP) developed by Lurgi and methanolto-olefins (MTO) developed by UOP and the Dalian Institute of Chemistry and Physics at the China Academy of Sciences. A rapid construction programme was underway and that, in the next 2-3 years, total methanol production would reach 10 mtpa from a number of plants such as the MTP project at Ningxia

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Coal Area that converts 4.7 mtpa of coal, firstly into 1.8 mtpa of methanol and than into 600 ktpa of polypropylene (PP) and other chemicals using the technology of the Institut Français du Pétrole (IFP) licensed from Lurgi. More information regarding coal-to-liquids can be found on the websites of the CIAB (www.ciab.org.uk) and the IEA (www.iea.org/ciab).

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.1

PART II WORLD COAL OVERVIEW

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.3

1. PRODUCTION

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COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.5

Table 1.1 World Hard Coal Production(1) (thousand tonnes)

(2)

Australia

Austria Belgium(2) Canada Czech Republic France Germany Hungary Ireland Italy Japan Korea Mexico(2) Netherlands New Zealand(2) Norway Poland Portugal(2) Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States(2) IEA Total OECD Total Algeria Botswana Dem. Rep. of Congo Egypt Morocco Mozambique Nigeria South Africa U. Rep. of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe Other Africa Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Peru Venezuela

1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

55483 10362 12337 27780 26350 104407 1186 64 25090 13571 2578 1829 2325 415 156630 221 9991 12 4642 131985 530064 958114 1117322 333 130 565 394 327 62352 940 2806 160 451 1015 1374 2834 33 50

72389 8018 20173 27721 20190 94492 883 60 18027 18625 3089 1930 288 193121 177 12838 18 3598 130097 710178 1139702 1335912 3 138 680 207 176 115120 1 570 2768 196 390 1748 1125 4164 41 42

117504 7666 34310 26401 17055 88849 592 57 16381 22543 5193 101 2279 507 191642 237 16091 13 3605 94111 735935 1184237 1381072 23 437 121 775 35 140 173500 15 511 3104 317 400 1661 1291 8766 127 40

158572 2357 37673 22415 11199 76553 169 25 58 7979 17217 6933 2424 303 147736 281 14612 11 2745 92762 853647 1301002 1455671 794 126 526 40 90 174800 4 377 5345 332 276 637 2184 21375 97 2189

191055 1 637 38617 17738 8495 58858 1 6317 5720 9320 3214 292 137166 13497 2248 53037 858627 1258354 1404840 898 93 650 38 20 206211 44 152 4693 344 305 240 1038 25651 51 4064

239429 375 33804 14855 3804 37376 2964 4150 11344 3643 632 103331 11317 2392 31198 893972 1279911 1394586 948 96 58 31 24 3 224199 79 194 4260 554 259 159 366 38242 17 7885

273237 173 29715 14467 1920 29209 163 3318 10984 4241 2132 103705 9752 2319 29989 917911 1318546 1433235 955 101 37 44 43 220213 79 213 3959 543 46 203 433 40096 22 7369

274854 129 26590 13645 2234 28753 250 3298 9599 4928 2944 102874 9406 2059 28279 893928 1291297 1403770 824 104 37 37 23 238751 55 223 3547 538 89 171 576 50481 16 6807

285854 181 29261 15579 872 29151 98 3191 9882 4916 2904 101230 8911 1946 25096 943343 1351303 1462415 897 107 33 17 3 242821 65 233 3398 566 51 341 188 54184 22 6748

304856 109 28586 13254 617 28018 95 2832 10755 5021 1471 97904 8548 2170 20498 962440 1378515 1487174 967 120 33 22 8 244986 75 244 3622 595 25 528 544 59064 43 7195

309400 28 26334 13747 452 23762 70 2824 11487 5516 2350 95221 8353 3234 17767 989522 1403359 1510067 936 112 24 56 244364 68 169 3748 1100 164 662 800 63700 16 7459

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.6 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 1.1 World Hard Coal Production(1) (continued) (thousand tonnes)

India Indonesia DPR of Korea Malaysia Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Pakistan Philippines Chinese Taipei Thailand Vietnam Other Asia PR of China Bulgaria Romania Croatia Serbia and Montenegro Former Yugoslavia Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Russia Tajikistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Former USSR Islam. Rep. of Iran

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 76588 111000 150468 211184 268280 311428 337819 358385 382037 149 304 2000 10486 41145 76604 103372 115278 132352 23198 34106 40000 35693 23700 22500 21900 22300 22800 100 121 346 319 153 344 480 595 1290 70 78 78 95 10 11 43 40 12 468 450 802 839 6 17 12 11 11 1143 1569 2238 2745 3638 3095 3312 3275 4587 39 325 1261 1243 1287 1351 1662 1837 2479 3327 2574 1858 472 235 83 5 2990 5200 5594 4638 8350 11609 15900 16700 25500 117 511 151 1103 904 1040 1202 1216 1262 417000 620150 837272 1050734 1343004 1231232 1397899 1670192 1955986 351 267 223 143 194 118 129 87 33 7172 8060 8657 4446 359 281 13 10 x x x 156 75 x x x 137 55 88 70 54 72 576 388 400 x x x x x x x x x 1103 34 7 6 8 8 x x x 128000 80754 74886 71000 80807 83065 x x x 1495 183 104 108 49 49 x x x 237514 162411 152538 163546 177435 189758 x x x 475 14 9 27 32 53 x x x 139729 69986 61601 60794 63742 59129 x x x 200 74 69 510600 553000 569000 x x x x x x 903 925 1106 835 1084 1246 1229 1204 1220

2005 403029 152204 24060 682 105 993 11 4872 2877 32396 1306 2158908 9 95 x 5 82788 49 202913 85 59997 x 1330

2006e 427132 168963 24406 654 105 354 12 5035 2356 37899 723 2481468 23 141 x 91547 46 233200 61433 x 857

Non-OECD Total 1117927 1465759 1812014 2042458 2251692 2228164 2455203 2815934 3171353 3446785 3859732 World 2235249 2801671 3193086 3498129 3656532 3622750 3888438 4219704 4633768 4933959 5369799 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries (1) Hard coal represents higher grade coal and includes coking coal, anthracite and bituminous coal. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions. (2) Includes sub-bituminous coal.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.7

Table 1.2 World Coking Coal Production (thousand tonnes)

1978 Australia Belgium Canada Czech Republic France Germany Hungary Japan Mexico New Zealand Norway Poland Spain Turkey United Kingdom United States IEA Total OECD Total Algeria South Africa United Republic of Tanzania Zimbabwe Brazil Colombia India Indonesia DPR of Korea PR of China Bulgaria Romania Georgia Kazakhstan Russia Tajikistan Ukraine Former USSR

40273 3805 13780 18553 4664 52239 861 8659 3085 11 227 1800 2964 15110 92201 255147 258232 9718 946 1317 705 13938 3415 52604 2134 x x x x x 139250

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

42743 55933 65008 79703 4036 3484 14151 24371 27660 28624 17403 16465 14383 10824 4114 3388 1821 439 56036 51401 44577 31686 883 592 169 6943 3921 3089 3713 2963 1645 173 319 578 1553 160 174 28714 1333 907 279 2435 2247 1824 929 10050 2608 1600 599 117716 89463 93259 77166 278176 255273 251158 231523 281265 258986 254121 261882 3 23 10605 11142 9308 3860 1 1 991 269 612 621 1545 1407 499 106 716 745 775 681 18055 25847 36088 28803 103 286 1767 3836 2500 2543 68222 68370 85657 148015 1828 3825 1482 349 x x 574 x x 29983 12756 x x 85458 55645 x x 7 x x 62283 25783 143534 134985 x x

104434 28164 8136 18862 2214 1644 17222 735 255 54287 216517 235953 1460 813 15 587 22088 4114 123969 13 10687 51035 27844 x

108592 25756 7649 17961 1746 2122 15876 746 373 38789 201988 219610 1305 755 98 508 21810 7416 149039 35 13 9589 52257 27523 x

113017 24077 7865 17274 1626 2250 16147 689 373 40005 205550 223323 1206 676 59 507 21781 15096 166029 36 10 11040 56551 26344 x

117849 25509 7316 16635 1735 2468 16525 664 352 44222 215015 233275 1247 648 214 525 24478 15212 225697 11018 61143 26179 x

129328 26613 7136 15171 1792 2446 14071 648 274 46444 228060 243923 1640 691 210 514 21916 18850 280648 10981 55505 23156 x

131900 24475 7739 13113 1914 2766 14571 930 266 44599 225788 242273 1636 715 180 554 23227 25347 322579 12143 63790 23710 x

Non-OECD Total 224705 250177 250222 316309 279308 243535 271306 300252 367171 415041 474480 World 482937 531442 509208 570430 541190 479488 490916 523575 600446 658964 716753 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.8 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 1.3 World Steam Coal Production(1) (thousand tonnes)

(2)

Australia

Austria Belgium(2) Canada Czech Republic France Germany Hungary Ireland Italy Japan Korea Mexico(2) Netherlands New Zealand(2) Norway Poland Portugal(2) Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States(2) IEA Total OECD Total Algeria Botswana Dem. Rep. of Congo Egypt Morocco Mozambique Nigeria South Africa U. Rep. of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe Other Africa Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Peru Venezuela

1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

55483 10362 12337 27780 26350 104407 1186 64 25090 13571 2578 1829 2325 415 156630 221 9991 12 4642 131985 530064 958114 1117322 333 130 565 394 327 62352 940 2806 160 451 1015 1374 2834 33 50

29646 3982 6022 10318 16076 38456 60 11084 18625 1757 128 193121 177 11505 18 1163 120047 592462 861526 1054647 138 680 207 176 104515 1 570 1777 196 390 203 1125 3448 41 42

61571 4182 9939 9936 13667 37448 57 12460 22543 1480 101 1960 333 191642 237 15184 13 1358 91503 646472 928964 1122086 437 121 775 35 140 162358 15 511 2835 317 400 254 1291 8021 127 40

93564 2357 10013 8032 9378 31976 25 58 7979 17217 3970 1846 303 147736 281 14333 11 921 91162 760388 1049844 1201550 794 126 526 40 90 165492 3 377 4733 332 276 138 2184 20600 97 2189

111352 1 637 9993 6914 8056 27172 1 6317 5720 7675 1661 292 108452 13497 1319 52438 781461 1026831 1142958 898 93 650 38 20 202351 43 152 4072 344 305 134 1038 24970 51 4064

134995 375 5640 6719 3804 18514 2964 4150 9130 1999 632 86109 11317 1657 30943 839685 1063394 1158633 948 96 58 31 24 3 222739 79 194 3447 554 259 144 366 37655 17 7885

164645 173 3959 6818 1920 11248 163 3318 9238 2119 2132 87829 9752 1573 29616 879122 1116558 1213625 955 101 37 44 43 218908 79 213 3204 543 46 105 433 39588 22 7369

161837 129 2513 5780 2234 11479 250 3298 7973 2678 2944 86727 9406 1370 27906 853923 1085747 1180447 824 104 37 37 23 237545 55 223 2871 538 89 112 576 49974 16 6807

168005 181 3752 8263 872 12516 98 3191 8147 2448 2904 84705 8911 1282 24744 899121 1136288 1229140 897 107 33 17 3 241574 65 233 2750 566 51 127 188 53659 22 6748

175528 109 1973 6118 617 12847 95 2832 8963 2575 1471 83833 8548 1522 20224 915996 1150455 1243251 967 120 33 22 8 243346 75 244 2931 595 25 318 544 58550 43 7195

177500 28 1859 6008 452 10649 70 2824 9573 2750 2350 80650 8353 2304 17501 944923 1177571 1267794 936 112 24 56 242728 68 169 3033 1100 164 482 800 63146 16 7459

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.9

Table 1.3 World Steam Coal Production(1) (continued) (thousand tonnes)

India Indonesia DPR of Korea Malaysia Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Pakistan Philippines Chinese Taipei Thailand Vietnam Other Asia PR of China Bulgaria Romania Croatia Serbia and Montenegro Former Yugoslavia Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Russia Tajikistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Former USSR Islam. Rep. of Iran

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 76588 92945 124621 175096 239477 289340 316009 336604 357559 381113 149 304 1897 10200 39378 72490 95956 100182 117140 133354 23198 30270 37500 33150 23700 22500 21900 22300 22800 24060 100 121 346 319 153 344 682 480 595 1290 70 78 78 95 105 10 11 43 40 12 468 450 802 839 993 6 17 12 11 11 11 1143 1569 2238 2745 3638 3095 3312 3275 4587 4872 39 325 1261 1243 1287 1351 1662 1837 2479 2877 3327 2574 1858 472 235 83 5 2990 5200 5594 4638 8350 11609 15900 16700 25500 32396 117 511 151 1103 904 1040 1202 1216 1262 1306 417000 551928 768902 965077 1194989 1107263 1248860 1504163 1730289 1878260 351 267 223 143 194 118 94 51 33 9 7172 6232 4832 2964 10 268 x x x 156 75 x x x 137 55 88 70 54 72 95 576 388 400 x x x x x x x x x x 529 34 7 6 8 8 5 x x x 98017 67998 64199 61411 69767 72047 71807 x x x 1495 183 104 108 49 49 49 x x x 152056 106766 101503 111289 120884 128615 147408 x x x 475 7 9 27 32 53 85 x x x 77446 44203 33757 33271 37398 32950 36841 x x x 200 74 69 510600 409466 434015 x x x x x x x 903 83 100 75 170 336 271 287 410 400

2006e 403905 143616 24406 654 105 354 12 5035 2356 37899 723 2158889 23 141 x 79404 46 169410 37723 x 258

Non-OECD Total 1117927 1215582 1561792 1726149 1972384 1984629 2183897 2515682 2804182 3031744 3385252 World 2235249 2270229 2683878 2927699 3115342 3143262 3397522 3696129 4033322 4274995 4653046 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries (1) Steam coal is also commonly known as thermal coal. It includes anthracite and bituminous coal. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions. (2) Includes sub-bituminous coal.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.10 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 1.4 World Brown Coal Production(1) (thousand tonnes)

Australia Austria Canada(2) Czech Republic(2) France Germany Greece Hungary(2) Italy Japan New Zealand Poland Slovak Republic Spain(2) Turkey(2) United States IEA Total OECD Total Brazil Chile India Indonesia DPR of Korea Mongolia Myanmar Philippines Thailand Other Asia Albania Bulgaria Romania Bosnia & Herzegovina Croatia F.Y.R. of Macedonia Serbia and Montenegro Slovenia Former Yugoslavia Estonia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Russia Tajikistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Former USSR

1973

1980

1985

24121 3328 8135 75965 2764 366409 13301 25925 1190 100 143 39215 5804 3003 7754 12948 545086 590105 1324 61 3320 7000 361 811 26459 17679 x x x x x 31874 x x x x x x x x x 157000

32894 2865 16515 89086 2560 389726 23198 25142 1286 27 208 36866 5796 15454 15027 42783 656771 699433 3494 40 5110 10000 27 1525 3985 1420 29946 27104 x x x x x 40913 x x x x x x x x x 163000

38380 3081 26543 94636 1839 434037 35888 23500 1892 247 57746 5731 23572 36392 65701 785708 849185 6051 35 8040 12000 6043 43 4 5188 2150 30657 37924 x x x x x 68072 x x x x x x x x x 157000

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

45990 50752 67293 68604 68359 68607 70730 71240 2448 1297 1249 1412 1152 235 30659 36362 35359 36893 35573 36736 36759 36593 78983 57163 50307 48889 50261 48497 48772 49059 2333 1401 296 148 9 357468 192756 167691 181778 179085 181926 177907 176321 51896 57662 63887 70468 68299 70041 69398 65653 17661 14588 14033 13027 13301 11242 9570 9952 956 172 14 161 231 213 218 252 239 246 251 67584 63547 59484 58210 60920 61198 61636 60834 4766 3759 3648 3404 3097 2952 2511 2201 21070 14808 12154 12282 11156 11576 10933 10044 44683 52825 60876 51665 46504 44431 56170 61641 79914 78471 77619 74806 78350 75786 76151 76429 734222 558488 550991 560190 552301 549316 556636 557183 806572 625794 614123 621804 616318 613466 620783 620218 3958 4959 6553 4941 4475 5065 5727 5714 40 14074 22146 24247 26018 27958 30337 30066 29763 233 10660 7600 7243 7050 7179 7340 7746 8342 6562 3729 5115 5466 5588 6770 7412 7412 38 23 112 108 176 213 367 22 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12421 18416 17708 19602 18843 20060 20878 19055 5321 2071 80 30 77 81 109 92 31532 30636 26314 25924 27248 26452 24686 25460 33737 40762 29004 30401 33053 31792 31106 35045 19670 1640 8089 8623 8196 8578 9039 9121 18 7 80 6644 7249 7516 7580 7382 7245 6881 5874 45800 40540 37006 38328 40225 41085 40361 38907 5583 4884 4480 4686 4830 4809 4540 4521 x x x x x x x x 22486 12433 11727 12400 14892 13993 14591 14186 3443 3740 2558 2730 4099 3810 3798 4773 2140 280 321 351 352 397 286 268 6 22 134385 83317 87786 74034 79544 69186 73668 75800 450 27 13 9 15 15 15 12 9280 2296 802 762 490 460 354 278 6200 2980 2500 2737 1913 2699 3003 3100 x x x x x x x x

Non-OECD Total 245889 286564 333207 371498 288217 279517 272288 286979 280857 285265 293585 World 835994 985997 1182392 1178070 914011 893640 894092 903297 894323 906048 913803 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries (1) Brown coal represents lower grade coal and includes lignite. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

(2) Includes sub-bituminous coal. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.11

Table 1.5 OECD Production of Coke Oven Coke(1) (thousand tonnes)

Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

IEA Europe OECD Europe IEA North America OECD North America OECD Pacific

1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

4983 1719 7774 5370 9383 11881 41614 400 1082 7665 52300 318 2021 2655 20 282 16938 269 1500 4475 533 1251 17776 62803

4991 1729 6048 5250 8725 11120 35492 247 975 8264 47463 2965 2447 2455 13 349 19598 216 1598 3900 1188 1937 10060 41850

3603 1751 5964 4684 8328 8691 30171 607 7410 48621 5253 2924 2958 5 313 15828 275 1909 3440 1203 2711 9276 25992

4495 1725 5420 3708 7125 487 7197 21926 672 6356 51444 8800 2384 2736 13516 230 2340 3211 1084 3158 8350 25053

4617 1448 3696 3283 4963 920 5566 11102 1033 5185 45077 10593 2148 2895 11578 331 1861 2438 1149 3131 6274 21545

3739 1385 3104 3242 3411 910 5234 9115 937 4504 41795 12288 2100 2127 8972 371 1706 2470 1146 2925 6206 18876

3442 1395 2966 3132 3537 912 4552 7226 432 4065 42054 10411 1451 2127 8723 1806 2627 1074 2598 4559 15221

3316 1395 2861 3175 3556 895 4601 7827 593 3827 42448 10417 1462 2154 10112 1886 2494 1288 2878 4601 15579

3852 1400 2965 3340 3548 904 4542 8479 664 4062 42065 10447 1445 2205 10097 1883 2839 1372 2990 4336 15340

3990 1388 2856 3305 3412 894 4445 8397 614 4574 42918 8935 1492 2238 8404 1846 2662 1402 2992 4364 15168

3634 1398 2895 3199 3428 870 4689 8372 921 4689 49479 8538 1570 2174 9760 1856 2778 1187 3320 4682 14881

108759 92705 83098 127197 113901 100835 68173 47100 30676 70194 49547 33600 57621 55432 57482

69677 85533 28761 31145 64739

50131 63570 24828 26976 60287

43845 54523 22118 24218 57822

38070 48599 18353 19804 55907

38970 50968 18754 20216 56181

40306 52286 18680 20125 56364

40238 50488 18473 19965 55843

41403 53019 18080 19650 61651

IEA Total 234553 195237 171256 163177 135246 123785 112330 113905 115350 114554 121134 OECD Total 255012 218880 191917 181417 150833 136563 124310 127365 128775 126296 134320 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Solid product obtained from carbonization of coal, principally coking coal, used mainly in the iron and steel industry. (1) Also includes coke and semi-coke made from lignite. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.13

2. CONSUMPTION

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.15

Table 2.1 World Hard Coal Consumption(1) (thousand tonnes)

1973 (2)

Australia

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States(2)

27292 34422 39980 49299 51739 60830 63601 62438 64909 73717 71450 2856 2871 3178 4159 3392 3732 3847 4313 4329 4039 4332 17169 17004 15576 16153 12394 11046 9041 8663 8382 7551 7107 17556 21361 21522 18887 15687 18277 18179 16629 18637 15107 10354 27780 23937 22030 20060 14180 10717 10181 9314 9860 9221 9214 3146 9669 11935 9992 11003 6641 6905 9533 7327 6233 7855 3035 5692 5318 5648 6540 5193 6617 8862 8082 4598 7648 40289 48080 36507 28791 22611 21801 19270 20942 20553 21346 22337 105801 96385 93466 86965 74224 68963 62768 66382 67922 63952 64667 651 545 1750 1380 1480 1121 964 833 776 563 482 2137 1695 1043 971 1402 1280 836 1140 1299 1341 1842 1 12 69 65 65 101 98 85 104 117 119 822 1066 1586 3198 2689 2944 2784 2731 2806 2870 2856 11603 17024 21894 21327 17446 18013 20006 21146 24280 24240 24615 81690 87699 109391 114960 133564 153190 161305 166417 180806 174710 177920 16329 27790 42505 44776 44634 66548 75844 77321 79954 82272 88769 305 346 199 197 217 171 127 106 129 111 153 2894 3973 5317 6881 10243 12290 14130 16025 13442 16937 17927 4794 5973 10276 14032 14660 12928 13414 13667 13551 13009 12620 2317 1768 1810 2002 1938 1779 2175 3257 3490 3935 4128 772 951 1118 749 1018 1035 818 812 914 795 594 122097 164009 159894 119926 107823 83371 82258 85368 83915 80438 86135 805 604 1050 4397 5708 6154 5668 5362 5514 5476 5467 5834 5373 5809 5879 5330 4656 4726 5090 5151 4983 4913 13260 16531 25198 26047 27488 32804 33653 31476 33981 32948 29424 1060 2138 4158 3709 3444 2861 3021 2923 3329 3070 3239 258 315 640 481 245 173 168 181 177 183 152 4595 4630 6189 8146 8548 15526 13830 17535 18904 19421 16541 133527 123610 105980 106722 75916 59868 58639 62865 60567 61801 68220 492567 608038 682608 736926 782788 892126 896996 901276 934614 953585 942184

IEA Europe OECD Europe IEA North America OECD North America OECD/IEA Pacific

374665 502597 510123 513017 127628

Austria Belgium(2) Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea(2) Luxembourg Mexico(2) Netherlands New Zealand(2) Norway Poland Portugal(2)

IEA Total OECD Total

379066 548460 629399 633372 151679

369091 534863 704130 709447 193686

363124 488994 755813 762694 211037

304605 417823 798475 808718 231875

282971 371099 910403 922693 282347

272557 359639 915175 929305 302925

288786 379329 917905 933930 309433

292682 381852 953251 966693 329159

282768 368306 968692 985629 334634

289365 380532 952538 970465 342267

1012416 1160144 1266907 1329974 1334955 1475721 1490657 1516124 1575092 1586094 1584170 1143242 1333511 1437996 1462725 1458416 1576139 1591869 1622692 1677704 1688569 1693264

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.16 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 2.1 World Hard Coal Consumption(1) (continued) (thousand tonnes)

1973 Algeria Botswana Dem. Rep. of Congo Egypt Kenya Morocco Mozambique Namibia Nigeria Senegal South Africa U. Rep. of Tanzania Tunisia Zambia Zimbabwe Other Africa Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Panama Peru Uruguay Venezuela Bangladesh Hong Kong (China) India Indonesia DPR of Korea Malaysia Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Pakistan Philippines Sri Lanka Chinese Taipei Thailand Vietnam Other Asia

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

63 93 1226 1005 632 689 974 974 988 898 317 466 815 912 1041 980 850 899 969 938 170 167 156 169 136 134 136 144 153 163 112 477 894 1192 1340 1540 1321 1746 1810 1850 1850 1504 70 16 90 151 96 66 99 92 108 108 40 582 635 1110 1774 2665 4018 5228 4890 5541 6750 4625 587 288 106 58 56 8 22 23 16 3 4 4 4 4 4 289 151 94 55 20 3 43 23 3 8 127 152 160 60408 86961 125870 124900 147205 157135 151603 166571 178995 175403 176548 1 15 4 44 79 79 55 65 75 68 33 21 21 15 941 618 471 375 148 128 137 145 153 161 169 2758 2614 3026 5355 4494 4297 3996 3584 3435 3699 3740 222 278 379 454 446 852 888 837 881 927 890 1072 1425 1247 1367 1439 1058 804 927 937 1383 1561 2842 6354 9870 10650 12080 13457 13109 12907 14594 14270 14874 1711 1678 1792 3721 3390 4784 4001 3957 4874 5555 4576 2859 4135 4630 4825 5608 4231 4050 4293 3635 4173 4011 1 1 1 1 2 45 90 126 153 63 15 13 13 14 13 14 224 17 80 93 233 1057 777 476 398 22 215 390 369 461 408 396 61 12 135 141 169 174 183 130 52 55 72 88 85 93 60 13 32 32 51 60 45 86 74 107 149 389 708 948 926 1065 1075 909 33 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 53 42 42 355 7 181 25 59 52 70 243 235 98 563 642 660 700 700 700 700 700 12 3 5523 8928 9109 6058 8718 10676 10691 10824 11395 73410 108622 154347 211533 278553 338729 362205 371521 415072 432052 466055 129 237 934 6365 10344 19355 29214 30635 36187 41304 39621 23580 34456 42200 37793 24340 22241 21759 22162 22666 23935 23363 13 76 517 1936 2303 3298 5253 7628 10682 10927 11923 480 595 1290 70 78 78 95 105 105 74 221 223 80 15 38 57 113 119 124 354 78 83 17 81 129 430 228 291 301 309 302 1270 1667 2954 4245 4723 4045 4890 6064 7894 7715 7539 40 303 2416 2421 3129 8589 8448 8259 9067 10643 9661 1 8 5 1 1 96 95 95 100 3572 5956 10981 17170 26370 44816 50795 54891 57134 59367 63539 1 94 212 250 2315 2559 4143 5117 5268 6703 7640 2770 4052 4990 3951 5917 7808 9851 10400 14900 14510 15727 220 657 345 1371 1183 1233 1343 1359 1411 1461 814

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.17

Table 2.1 World Hard Coal Consumption(1) (continued) (thousand tonnes)

1973 PR of China Albania Bulgaria Cyprus Malta Romania Bosnia & Herzegovina Croatia F.Y.R. of Macedonia Serbia and Montenegro Slovenia Former Yugoslavia Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Estonia Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Republic of Moldova Russia Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Former USSR Islam. Rep. of Iran Israel Lebanon Saudi Arabia Syria United Arab Emirates

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

414180 626010 803907 1050951 1316890 1214956 1313949 1582255 1886367 2098830 2455695 89 160 220 302 117 6136 6999 8277 6046 3443 3379 3636 4200 4265 4361 2348 74 97 97 49 53 53 57 52 511 192 300 52 8490 12009 14705 9351 5065 2649 3469 2610 3025 3041 2190 x x x 3 x x x 1150 143 623 872 1030 1106 1057 890 x x x 129 142 67 4 10 9 3 9 x x x 137 55 218 210 194 202 161 211 x x x 32 20 11 35 54 45 49 66 2540 3790 5089 x x x x x x x x x x x 552 3 18 27 x x x 200 6 x x x 2389 1125 504 334 294 234 168 150 x x x 382 85 87 61 44 58 56 105 x x x 1323 44 27 6 12 14 18 10 x x x 85806 61195 47000 50068 54383 58720 58054 65952 x x x 4014 505 830 889 1128 990 887 639 x x x 917 252 97 102 101 98 120 60 x x x 1303 372 130 211 271 263 284 390 x x x 4510 1315 181 152 220 186 167 110 x x x 240033 163266 142222 147085 146074 144978 141438 166865 x x x 1044 14 16 34 40 60 91 x x x 670 x x x 135686 82882 65887 63259 71127 64464 63604 65204 x x x 2740 81 69 490220 529110 543430 x x x x x x x x 948 1783 1444 1061 1546 1879 1859 1800 1560 1810 920 2927 3720 6568 10591 12467 12666 12875 12124 8223 1 1 180 200 200 200 200 200 1 21 1 1 200

Non OECD Total 1103332 1443087 1758857 2009940 2197285 2146378 2296425 2613547 2991885 3226167 3645805 World 2246574 2776598 3196853 3472665 3655701 3722517 3888294 4236239 4669589 4914736 5339069 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries (1) Hard coal represents higher grade coal and includes coking coal, anthracite and bituminous coal. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions. (2) Includes sub-bituminous coal.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.18 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 2.2 World Coking Coal Consumption (thousand tonnes)

1978

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

7216 2006 7524 6776 12567 12980 41881 213 1740 9909 58724 2009 4053 2953 414 423 2180 4863 1227 3429 14988 68885

7049 2371 8010 7321 12166 7 14570 50293 384 1695 11237 70203 3987 3973 3521 8 432 363 2336 5407 1654 3407 11628 61457

5476 2391 8086 6483 11365 6 11332 47825 1043 20 7 10165 73456 6959 3837 4061 6 394 370 2790 4908 1620 4825 11122 37246

5932 2337 7157 5023 9941 711 9669 42216 971 13 14 8633 64934 11735 2911 4391 219 313 3136 4456 1515 5335 10517 35269

5874 1908 4737 4417 6648 1650 7739 33993 1402 7 6966 59796 16305 1875 4894 17405 455 2745 3312 1646 4658 8487 29934

4799 1878 4045 4461 4972 1284 6543 24462 1280 14 6658 57081 19415 932 4047 13332 497 2597 3556 1772 7042 8853 25963

4308 1898 3569 6007 4861 1260 6405 21918 551 13 5654 58435 20003 782 4218 12905 2765 3488 1725 5931 6847 21589

4683 1898 3414 5642 4577 1225 5532 23005 779 11 5173 57744 20216 641 4385 13773 2828 3600 1735 5581 6907 21939

5132 1904 3627 4591 4526 1364 6753 23667 861 18 5083 60837 21027 437 4617 13684 2852 3902 1790 5312 6482 21462

5354 1899 3263 4067 4334 1401 6171 22193 808 14 5630 56577 20883 248 4699 11157 2738 3463 1847 5585 6510 20893

5500 1891 3665 4088 4144 1073 5987 21602 1301 14 5943 72933 20965 264 3048 12912 2849 3556 2217 5965 7381 20902

IEA Europe OECD Europe IEA North America OECD North America OECD Pacific

117117 127145 119520 108176 88495 119297 129481 122330 111325 108652 75661 68778 43729 40292 34351 79714 72751 47566 43203 36226 67949 81247 85897 82820 81975

76889 92832 30424 31356 81295

68325 84008 27596 28378 82746

67811 84423 27581 28222 82643

69888 86442 26053 26490 86996

67803 81712 24960 25208 82814

67773 83548 24990 25254 99398

IEA Total OECD Total

260727 277170 249146 231288 204821 188608 178667 178035 182937 175577 192161 266960 283479 255793 237348 226853 205483 195132 195288 199928 189734 208200

Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.19

Table 2.2 World Coking Coal Consumption (continued) (thousand tonnes)

1978

1980

1985

Algeria 50 93 1226 Egypt 975 894 1192 South Africa 7018 7158 6000 United Republic of Tanzania Zimbabwe 946 991 269 Argentina 990 801 826 Brazil 4869 6154 9602 Chile 385 454 427 Colombia 705 716 745 Jamaica Peru 40 49 50 India 15757 15441 28149 DPR of Korea 3857 4286 5000 Pakistan 16 98 716 Chinese Taipei 1386 1513 2453 Vietnam PR of China 52304 66822 62873 Albania 25 25 33 Bulgaria 1921 1926 1553 Romania 5734 5228 7825 Croatia x x x F.Y.R. of Macedonia x x x Slovenia x x x Former Yugoslavia 1447 3402 4689 Estonia x x x Georgia x x x Kazakhstan x x x Kyrgyzstan x x x Russia x x x Tajikistan x x x Ukraine x x x Former USSR 129250 131534 123985 Islam. Rep. of Iran 1107 1700 1344

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

1005 632 689 974 974 988 898 317 1339 1540 1321 1746 1810 1850 1850 1490 5675 4220 2569 2128 2208 2011 2975 1555 1 1 612 621 813 755 676 648 691 715 1121 589 558 678 825 726 789 892 10489 11951 13326 13057 12794 14467 14046 14704 477 704 909 1041 1207 1145 1129 736 775 681 587 508 507 525 514 554 52 55 72 88 85 93 60 37 51 44 46 37 18 34 20 39491 39409 35852 36225 35381 42224 40146 41811 5143 1040 101 159 162 166 175 153 1102 1085 950 1578 2789 3307 2843 2504 4147 4064 5068 5276 5426 5227 5040 6019 22 80968 140670 119979 136752 154510 225294 282365 326876 62 1854 1693 1325 1107 1224 1174 1051 607 5082 5047 2257 3174 2591 2954 2963 2190 747 117 70 67 4 1 x x x x x x x x 10 686 6 29983 10853 10294 9589 11040 11018 10981 12146 3 53885 50669 43938 43796 46257 49197 44991 53433 7 2 2 2 2 2 54508 31642 30581 29160 30660 32266 29811 30098 x x x x x x x x 986 1388 1605 1611 1533 1270 1450 656

Non-OECD Total 228782 249285 258957 300345 308688 272907 289454 312698 396573 444804 497508 World 495742 532764 514750 537693 535541 478390 484586 507986 596501 634538 705708 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.20 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 2.3 World Steam Coal Consumption(1) (thousand tonnes)

1973 (2)

Australia

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States(2)

27292 27373 34504 43367 45865 56031 59293 57755 59777 68363 65950 2856 500 787 1822 1484 1854 1949 2415 2425 2140 2441 17169 8994 7490 8996 7657 7001 5472 5249 4755 4288 3442 17556 14040 15039 13864 11270 13816 12172 10987 14046 11040 6266 27780 11771 10665 10119 7532 5745 5320 4737 5334 4887 5070 3146 9662 11929 9992 11003 6641 6905 9533 7327 6233 7855 3035 5692 5318 4937 4890 3909 5357 7637 6718 3197 6575 40289 33510 25175 19122 14872 15258 12865 15410 13800 15175 16350 105801 46092 45641 44749 40231 44501 40850 43377 44255 41759 43065 651 161 1750 1380 1480 1121 964 833 776 563 482 2137 285 361 438 533 541 1 12 49 52 58 87 85 74 86 103 105 822 1066 1579 3184 2689 2944 2784 2731 2806 2870 2856 11603 5787 11729 12694 10480 11355 14352 15973 19197 18610 18672 81690 17496 35935 50026 73768 96109 102870 108673 119969 118133 104987 16329 23803 35546 33041 28329 47133 55841 57105 58927 61389 67804 305 346 199 197 217 171 127 106 129 111 153 2894 1480 3970 8368 11358 13348 15384 13005 16689 17663 4794 2452 6215 9641 9766 8881 9196 9282 8934 8310 9572 2317 1760 1804 1783 1938 1779 2175 3257 3490 3935 4128 772 519 724 749 1018 1035 818 812 914 795 594 122097 164009 159894 119926 90418 70039 69353 71595 70231 69281 73223 805 241 680 4084 5253 5657 5668 5362 5514 5476 5467 5834 3037 3019 2743 2585 2059 1961 2262 2299 2245 2064 13260 11124 20290 21591 24176 29248 30165 27876 30079 29485 25868 1060 484 2538 2194 1798 1089 1296 1188 1539 1223 1022 258 315 640 481 245 173 168 181 177 183 152 4595 1223 1364 2811 3890 8484 7899 11954 13592 13836 10576 133527 111982 94858 96205 67429 51015 51792 55958 54085 55291 60839 492567 546581 645362 701657 752854 866163 875407 879337 913152 932692 921282

IEA Europe OECD Europe IEA North America OECD North America OECD/IEA Pacific

374665 502597 510123 513017 127628

Austria Belgium(2) Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico(2) Netherlands New Zealand(2) Norway Poland Portugal(2)

IEA Total OECD Total

251921 418979 560621 560621 70432

249571 412533 660401 661881 107789

254948 377669 715521 719491 128217

216110 309171 764124 772492 149900

206082 278267 879979 891337 201052

204232 275631 887579 900927 220179

220975 294906 890324 905708 226790

222794 295410 927198 940203 242163

214965 286594 943732 960421 251820

221592 296984 927548 945211 242869

1012416 882974 1017761 1098686 1130134 1287113 1311990 1338089 1392155 1410517 1392009 1143242 1050032 1182203 1225377 1231563 1370656 1396737 1427404 1477776 1498835 1485064

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.21

Table 2.3 World Steam Coal Consumption(1) (continued) (thousand tonnes)

1973 Algeria Botswana Dem. Rep. of Congo Egypt Kenya Morocco Mozambique Namibia Nigeria Senegal South Africa U. Rep. of Tanzania Tunisia Zambia Zimbabwe Other Africa Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Panama Peru Uruguay Venezuela Bangladesh Hong Kong (China) India Indonesia DPR of Korea Malaysia Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Pakistan Philippines Sri Lanka Chinese Taipei Thailand Vietnam Other Asia

63 170 477 70 582 587 289 60408 33 941 2758 222 1072 2842 1711 2859 1 45 13 86 33 53 243 12 73410 129 23580 13 74 78 1270 40 3572 1 2770 220

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

466 815 912 1041 980 850 899 969 938 167 156 169 136 134 136 144 153 163 112 1 14 16 90 151 96 66 99 92 108 108 40 635 1110 1774 2665 4018 5228 4890 5541 6750 4625 288 106 58 56 8 22 23 16 3 4 4 4 4 4 151 94 55 20 3 43 23 3 8 127 152 160 79803 119870 119225 142985 154566 149475 164363 176984 172428 174993 1 15 3 43 79 79 55 65 75 68 21 21 15 618 471 375 148 128 137 145 153 161 169 1623 2757 4743 3873 3484 3241 2908 2787 3008 3025 278 379 454 446 852 888 837 881 927 890 624 421 246 850 500 126 102 211 594 669 200 268 161 129 131 52 113 127 224 170 1224 1365 3244 2686 3875 2960 2750 3729 4426 3840 3419 3885 4050 4927 3644 3542 3786 3110 3659 3457 1 1 1 2 90 126 153 63 15 13 13 14 13 14 224 17 80 93 233 1057 777 476 398 22 215 390 369 461 408 396 61 12 135 141 169 174 183 130 32 32 51 60 45 25 57 112 338 664 902 889 1047 1041 889 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 42 42 355 7 181 25 59 52 70 235 98 563 642 660 700 700 700 700 700 3 5523 8928 9109 6058 8718 10676 10691 10824 11395 93181 126198 172042 239144 302877 325980 336140 372848 391906 424244 237 934 6365 10344 19355 29214 30635 36187 41304 39621 30170 37200 32650 23300 22140 21600 22000 22500 23760 23210 76 517 1936 2303 3298 5253 7628 10682 10927 11923 480 595 1290 70 78 78 95 105 105 221 223 80 15 38 57 113 119 124 354 83 17 81 129 430 228 291 301 309 302 1569 2238 3143 3638 3095 3312 3275 4587 4872 5035 303 2416 2421 3129 8589 8448 8259 9067 10643 9661 1 8 5 1 1 96 95 95 100 4443 8528 13023 22306 39748 45519 49465 51907 54327 57520 94 212 250 2315 2559 4143 5117 5268 6703 7640 4052 4990 3951 5917 7808 9851 10400 14900 14510 15705 657 345 1371 1183 1233 1343 1359 1411 1461 814

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.22 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 2.3 World Steam Coal Consumption(1) (continued) (thousand tonnes)

1973 PR of China Albania Bulgaria Cyprus Malta Romania Bosnia & Herzegovina Croatia F.Y.R. of Macedonia Serbia and Montenegro Slovenia Former Yugoslavia Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Estonia Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Republic of Moldova Russia Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Former USSR Islam. Rep. of Iran Israel Lebanon Saudi Arabia Syria United Arab Emirates

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

414180 559188 741034 969983 1176220 1094977 1177197 1427745 1661073 1816465 2128819 89 135 187 240 117 6136 5073 6724 4192 1750 2054 2529 2976 3091 3310 1741 74 97 97 49 53 53 57 52 511 192 300 52 8490 6781 6880 4269 18 392 295 19 71 78 x x x 3 x x x 403 143 623 872 1030 1106 1057 890 x x x 12 72 10 9 3 9 x x x 137 55 218 210 194 202 161 211 x x x 31 20 11 35 54 45 49 66 2540 388 400 x x x x x x x x x x x 552 3 18 27 x x x 200 6 x x x 2389 1125 504 334 294 234 168 150 x x x 382 85 87 61 44 58 56 95 x x x 637 38 27 6 12 14 18 10 x x x 55823 50342 36706 40479 43343 47702 47073 53806 x x x 4014 505 830 889 1128 987 887 639 x x x 917 252 97 102 101 98 120 60 x x x 1303 372 130 211 271 263 284 390 x x x 4510 1315 181 152 220 186 167 110 x x x 186148 112597 98284 103289 99817 95781 96447 113432 x x x 1044 7 14 32 38 58 89 x x x 670 x x x 81178 51240 35306 34099 40467 32198 33793 35106 x x x 2740 81 69 490220 397576 419445 x x x x x x x x 948 83 100 75 158 274 248 267 290 360 264 2927 3720 6568 10591 12467 12666 12875 12124 8223 1 1 180 200 200 200 200 200 1 21 1 1 200

Non-OECD Total 1103332 1193802 1499900 1709595 1888597 1873471 2006971 2300849 2595312 2781363 3148297 World 2246574 2243834 2682103 2934972 3120160 3244127 3403708 3728253 4073088 4280198 4633361 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries (1) Steam coal is also commonly known as thermal coal. It includes anthracite and bituminous coal. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions. (2) Includes sub-bituminous coal.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.23

Table 2.4 World Brown Coal Consumption(1) (thousand tonnes)

1973 Australia Austria Belgium Canada(2) Czech Republic(2)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

United States

24121 32894 38380 45990 50752 67293 68604 68359 68607 70730 71240 3328 3274 3868 2504 1743 1360 1558 1630 1194 1270 347 95 275 276 195 220 204 188 190 206 290 8058 15911 26653 30260 36736 40466 45316 46402 40944 45413 45779 75965 79822 83854 71772 52300 50372 46903 49152 47430 47622 47483 2775 2570 2418 2094 1516 355 184 51 40 36 37 372497 391753 432521 364050 194811 169942 182940 179758 181948 177892 176367 13000 22692 36214 52053 56962 64564 68718 70069 70855 70096 66313 26896 25849 24583 19334 15528 14477 13218 13547 12173 10247 10176 38 45 36 52 48 42 53 52 1299 1385 2041 1089 196 30 10 8 9 8 9 100 27 28 2 4 2 4 4 3 3 20 156 103 69 29 44 52 39 44 50 11 143 208 264 207 250 261 265 297 284 276 253 34282 35308 57565 67391 63196 59488 58168 60871 61175 61589 60789 12784 16039 15784 12481 7221 4213 4046 3960 3589 3307 3130 3062 14691 23242 20776 15054 12850 12588 11399 11823 11550 10018 7642 15801 35301 46178 52471 64406 52044 46387 45545 57315 61541 12948 42129 62063 79023 80764 74265 74677 78892 76119 76136 75442

IEA Europe OECD Europe IEA North America OECD North America OECD/IEA Pacific

506484 558116 644420 580233 390850 553550 609463 717769 660105 461267 21006 58040 88716 109283 117500 21006 58040 88716 109283 117502 24364 33129 38644 46197 51002

IEA Total OECD Total

551854 649285 771780 735713 559352 560941 567333 566226 557247 568900 565358 598920 700632 845129 815585 629771 624646 629549 631061 622015 633799 629280

France Germany Greece Hungary(2) Ireland Italy Japan Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Poland Slovak Republic Spain(2) Turkey(2)

378656 442357 114731 114735 67554

378471 440685 119993 119995 68869

372276 437107 125294 125298 68656

371293 436057 117063 117067 68891

376345 441241 121549 121552 71006

372644 436563 121221 121224 71493

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.24 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 2.4 World Brown Coal Consumption(1) (continued) (thousand tonnes)

1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Brazil Chile India DPR of Korea Mongolia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Other Asia Albania Bulgaria Cyprus Romania Bosnia & Herzegovina Croatia F.Y.R. of Macedonia Serbia and Montenegro Slovenia Former Yugoslavia Estonia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Russia Tajikistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Former USSR Israel

1280 2788 6991 4786 61 40 35 40 3762 5059 7913 14985 7000 10000 12000 10660 5687 6054 27 43 38 4 3 1 1 2 361 1525 5132 12457 4200 810 1420 2150 1843 26311 29704 30657 31778 17690 27364 38404 36872 x x x 19670 x x x 743 x x x 6808 x x x 45800 x x x 6058 31356 40516 68217 x x x x 25954 x x x 3443 x x x 2140 x x x x x x x x x 134047 x x x 450 x x x 7983 x x x 6200 157138 163030 157015 x 303

5040 22298 7600 3914 23 3 18496 80 30873 40635 1640 188 7293 40550 5219 x 14561 3630 287 82065 27 3000 2947 x 470

6813 24825 7243 5142 59 3 17586 73 25844 29313 8089 80 7702 37106 4914 x 13232 2438 339 1 88257 13 793 2438 x 390

4678 26013 7050 5456 46 3 19540 90 24973 30785 8197 93 7283 38392 5562 x 13027 2643 350 73615 9 759 2669 x 458

4827 28490 7179 5084 66 3 17964 90 27485 34321 8600 93 7486 40273 5290 x 15477 3915 351 78103 15 488 1866 x 437

5236 30033 7340 5094 69 3 3 20548 118 26292 1 32574 8953 83 7551 41239 5329 x 15503 3561 475 1 72060 15 634 2633 x 439

5734 29555 7746 5367 72 3 21046 105 24870 1 32961 9385 83 7470 40449 5143 x 14804 3537 452 3 73156 15 409 2930 x 413

5666 29763 8342 5296 22 19055 5321 25460 35211 9121 82 5874 38907 5104 x 14186 4773 268 6 25 75800 12 278 3100 x 503

Non-OECD Total World

245770 285674 334248 379117 290839 282693 271691 287903 285787 285709 292175 844690 986306 1179377 1194702 920610 907339 901240 918964 907802 919508 921455

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries (1) Brown coal represents lower grade coal and includes lignite. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions. (2) Includes sub-bituminous coal.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.25

Table 2.5 OECD Consumption of Coke Oven Coke(1) (thousand tonnes)

Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

IEA Europe OECD Europe IEA North America OECD North America OECD Pacific

1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

4983 2681 8429 5454 5913 96 877 14783 37220 414 2317 13 7099 51800 356 3235 2173 2657 20 826 14212 306 2422 5349 1900 185 1251 17034 64235

5077 2674 6542 5519 6244 116 1224 13180 32691 261 2243 16 8 7379 45795 3086 2282 2494 2363 13 849 17849 317 1642 3917 1618 131 1954 7296 37446

3520 2993 5789 5212 6472 68 1218 10353 29657 55 2000 34 22 7258 44859 5359 1854 3022 2539 6 881 14671 401 2126 3758 1494 82 2803 9209 26553

3300 2403 5265 3412 5713 40 1272 7714 21127 42 1183 30 29 6413 49890 8800 1447 2528 2339 529 9854 240 2833 3365 1422 43 3256 8244 25230

3952 2354 4287 3682 3857 43 1192 6219 14879 12 990 18 6 5656 41939 10593 521 2951 2387 500 8294 296 1964 3131 1496 31 3201 6517 22180

3456 2436 3928 3429 3144 40 1443 6119 14982 1 804 47 5041 41604 12288 3591 2002 559 5762 323 1815 1923 1495 27 3592 6502 21085

3130 2590 3326 3302 3143 36 1366 5727 14085 3 757 48 4685 41941 10411 2565 2090 388 4698 21 1828 2228 1685 32 3164 4726 17784

2914 2517 2974 3333 3300 30 1428 5620 13256 4 750 53 5130 42184 10417 2437 2198 358 4935 10 2114 1962 1747 25 3422 5298 17632

2972 2519 3137 3667 3339 45 1412 5045 12990 4 783 52 4988 42987 11134 2596 2161 461 4990 8 2075 2025 1778 20 3333 5089 20406

3014 2825 2951 3361 2949 34 1416 5038 12209 4 751 33 5271 43192 9276 2611 2082 356 3399 5 1984 2027 1692 20 3428 5013 16547

2822 2733 2914 4203 3224 34 1414 5594 11797 4 728 34 5269 49460 8852 2745 1881 418 4086 4 2203 1945 1432 19 3537 5294 17041

112585 93289 88906 129219 112796 105737 69689 42965 31765 71862 45459 34787 57159 53971 53744

72086 84803 28642 31170 61990

57575 67851 25862 28813 56484

54361 61985 24514 28105 57348

50052 56626 21086 23651 55482

50029 57131 20965 23402 55515

49137 56254 24073 26669 57093

48071 53487 19908 22519 55482

48241 54564 21244 23989 61134

239433 190225 174415 162718 139921 136223 126620 126509 130303 123461 130619 IEA Total 258240 212226 194268 177963 153148 147438 135759 136048 140016 131488 139687 OECD Total Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Solid product obtained from carbonization of coal, principally coking coal, used mainly in the iron and steel industry. (1) Also includes coke and semi-coke made from lignite. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.27

3. TRADE

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.29

Table 3.1 World and Seaborne Coal Trade (million tonnes) Steam Coal

1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coking Coal

Hard Coal

Total

Seaborne

Total

Seaborne

Total

Seaborne

226.2 250.6 274.1 269.7 270.0 286.6 288.0 299.0 287.8 287.6 253.0 267.7 297.2 317.7 339.9 361.9 357.6 421.2 454.0 464.1 513.0 534.7 565.0 592.6

95.0 111.1 142.6 144.0 143.3 155.6 166.3 183.2 201.4 210.2 198.3 217.7 248.1 271.5 284.8 292.8 302.8 356.9 385.1 407.7 446.3 473.6 501.1 524.8

164.6 182.3 185.3 173.3 174.6 192.1 191.1 199.6 193.8 173.5 187.2 183.4 196.4 195.6 201.4 186.9 185.8 187.6 199.9 188.3 205.9 210.2 228.2 222.2

110.0 127.0 134.7 131.0 134.0 149.9 154.2 154.8 164.9 154.6 161.3 163.7 174.7 175.3 182.4 172.0 173.1 172.0 182.1 173.1 190.5 191.6 209.2 203.9

390.9 432.9 459.4 443.1 444.5 478.6 479.1 498.7 481.6 461.2 440.3 451.1 493.7 513.3 541.3 548.8 543.4 608.8 653.9 652.4 718.9 744.9 793.3 814.8

204.9 238.1 277.3 275.0 277.3 305.5 320.6 338.0 366.2 364.8 359.6 381.4 422.8 446.9 467.2 464.9 475.9 528.9 567.2 580.8 636.8 665.2 710.2 728.7

Table 3.2 World Total Hard Coal Trade Japan Exporters

Other

OECD

(million tonnes) Africa + Other

Asia

Europe

Europe

Latin

Balancing

America

America

Item

World

2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006

Australia 101.1 105.7 81.5 78.2 28.0 28.3 0.4 Canada 7.5 8.8 7.4 6.5 7.5 7.2 0.1 Poland - 18.7 18.7 0.0 United States 1.3 0.2 2.6 1.5 16.2 16.7 2.5 Other OECD 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.4 8.4 9.0 0.2 Total OECD 110.7 115.8 91.9 86.6 78.8 79.9 3.3 China 21.7 19.0 46.7 37.4 2.2 0.6 0.0 Colombia 0.0 - 26.7 24.1 0.1 Indonesia 29.4 32.0 79.6 104.2 14.2 19.6 0.1 Kazakhstan 0.0 0.1 0.2 22.1 Russia 10.3 9.3 6.2 9.0 51.3 57.9 19.7 South Africa 0.1 0.1 2.9 3.1 53.3 54.8 0.1 Other Non-OECD 2.5 1.8 18.0 27.7 9.2 9.5 1.0 Tot. Imp./Exp. 174.7 177.9 227.3 240.3 235.8 246.7 45.4 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics and Secretariat sources. Notes: Notes: Notes: Notes: Notes:

Mid. East

North

0.3

4.5

3.1

5.5

6.6

4.9

5.3

5.4

3.8 231.3 231.3

0.1

0.4

0.2

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.3

0.5

0.1

28.2

27.4

0.1

0.8

0.2

0.1

-

-

0.1

-0.3

-2.4

19.4

16.6

2.3

0.7

1.2

11.5

10.5

4.1

4.4

6.2

8.1

45.1

44.9

2.2

0.0

0.0

0.3

0.2

0.9

1.1

7.9

4.3

18.8

18.2

4.9

6.4

4.8

19.6

19.6

12.3

13.2

19.7

0.0

0.1

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.4

0.2

0.6

6.0

71.8

63.3

0.3

4.7

3.5

20.7

23.5

2.7

2.4

0.6

5.8

55.5

59.7

13.7 342.8 338.4

0.0

0.1

0.2

2.2

2.9

1.6

1.8

-17.3

26.2

-

-

-

-

-

-

2.9

-0.7

25.2

12.3

0.2

0.2

0.5

1.1

0.5

0.4

-10.0

1.8

78.7

92.1

0.2

8.1

9.3

0.1

0.1

0.9

1.5

7.5

-0.1

73.0

68.8

-7.7

36.6

37.5

0.6

0.3

0.0

4.2

4.4

0.8

1.2

0.5

44.0

19.6

18.0

47.4

51.6

18.3

19.3

24.7

-31.3 109.9 129.3 25.7

17.0 793.3 814.8

Data in columns OECD Europe, Japan and North America are import statistics. Data in rows Australia to Total OECD (except for above mentioned columns) are export statistics. Data in column World are export statistics. All other data are based on national and international sources and estimates. The sum of coking coal and steam coal may not add up to total hard coal due to rounding, which may also result in discrepancies among tables 3.2 to 3.4 and other trade data in this publication.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.30 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 3.3 World Steam Coal Trade Japan Exporters

Other

OECD

(million tonnes) Other Africa+

Asia

Europe

Europe

North

Latin

Balancing

America

America

Item

World

2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006

Australia 67.4 60.4 39.6 43.1 7.6 6.9 Canada 5.0 1.7 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.2 Poland - 15.5 14.6 0.0 United States 0.9 0.8 0.5 2.4 4.1 1.0 Other OECD 0.6 0.0 0.0 4.6 4.4 0.0 Total OECD 73.8 62.1 40.7 44.1 30.8 30.2 1.0 China 15.2 14.8 42.7 33.2 1.9 0.4 0.0 Colombia - 26.5 23.9 0.1 Indonesia 19.5 20.2 77.5 93.3 14.2 19.6 0.1 Kazakhstan 0.0 0.1 0.2 22.1 Russia 7.2 6.1 5.6 7.7 48.7 54.6 13.0 South Africa 0.1 0.1 2.9 2.5 53.0 54.7 0.1 Other Non-OECD 2.4 1.7 15.5 25.4 7.8 8.4 1.0 Tot. Imp./Exp. 118.1 105.0 169.4 180.8 183.0 192.1 36.4 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics and Secretariat sources. Notes: Notes: Notes: Notes: Notes:

Mid. East -

1.2

0.3

5.4

6.5

0.4

0.9

-15.2

-

-

-

0.8

0.8

0.3

0.3

-5.7

-0.9

-7.3 106.4 110.8 1.5

2.8

0.1

0.4

-

0.1

-

-

-

0.2

-1.6

16.2

13.1

1.0

0.1

0.2

7.3

6.4

0.8

0.2

5.9

7.6

19.1

19.9

0.5

0.0

0.0

0.3

0.2

-

-

7.6

5.7

13.0

10.8

1.5

1.7

0.5

13.9

14.0

1.5

1.4

-7.3

0.0

0.1

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.4

-

5.4

10.5

65.7

58.9

0.3

4.7

3.5

20.7

23.5

2.7

2.1

0.7

6.3

55.3

59.7

3.6 156.2 157.4

0.0

0.1

0.2

2.2

2.9

1.6

1.7

-24.4

-33.9

26.2

-

-

-

-

-

-

2.9

-0.7

25.2

4.4

0.1

0.2

0.5

1.1

0.5

0.4

-8.9

7.2

66.5

81.7

0.1

8.1

9.3

0.1

0.1

0.6

0.7

7.0

0.4

71.9

67.7

-4.0

33.3

37.4

0.5

0.3

0.0

4.2

4.3

0.8

1.1

1.2

32.6

14.8

13.7

41.6

45.8

7.3

6.3

-5.6

90.9 104.0 25.7

16.3 565.0 592.6

Data in columns OECD Europe, Japan and North America are import statistics. Data in rows Australia to Total OECD (except for above mentioned columns) are export statistics. Data in column World are export statistics. All other data are based on national and international sources and estimates. The sum of coking coal and steam coal may not add up to total hard coal due to rounding, which may also result in discrepancies among tables 3.2 to 3.4 and other trade data in this publication.

Table 3.4 World Coking Coal Trade Japan

Other

OECD

(million tonnes) Other Africa+

Asia

Europe

Europe

Mid. East

North

Latin

Balancing

America

America

Item

World

2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 Exporters Australia(1) 33.7 45.3 41.9 35.1 20.4 21.5 0.4 0.3 3.3 2.8 0.1 0.1 4.4 4.4 20.6 11.0 124.9 120.5 Canada 2.5 7.1 7.1 6.0 6.7 6.9 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 1.5 1.5 2.1 2.0 6.3 0.9 26.7 24.6 Poland 3.3 4.1 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.8 3.2 3.6 United States 0.4 0.2 1.8 1.0 13.8 12.6 1.5 1.2 0.7 1.0 4.2 4.1 3.3 4.2 0.3 0.5 26.0 24.9 Other OECD 0.3 1.0 0.4 0.4 3.8 4.6 0.1 1.7 0.9 1.1 0.3 -1.4 5.8 7.3 Total OECD 36.9 53.6 51.2 42.5 48.0 49.7 2.3 3.3 4.7 4.3 5.8 5.7 10.8 11.7 27.0 10.1 186.6 181.0 China 6.6 4.3 4.0 4.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 -4.8 -4.5 6.1 4.4 Colombia 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 -0.0 -0.5 0.1 Indonesia 9.8 11.8 2.0 10.9 0.1 7.1 2.6 18.9 25.3 Kazakhstan Russia 3.2 3.2 0.6 1.3 2.7 3.3 6.7 8.0 0.1 -1.1 -5.4 12.1 10.4 South Africa 0.0 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.8 0.5 -0.5 1.1 1.1 Other Non-OECD 0.0 0.1 2.5 2.3 1.4 1.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.8 -3.7 3.2 0.1 Tot. Imp./Exp. 56.6 72.9 57.9 59.5 52.9 54.6 8.9 11.4 4.9 4.3 5.8 5.8 11.0 13.0 30.3 0.6 228.2 222.2 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics and Secretariat sources. Notes: Notes: Notes: Notes: Notes:

Data in columns OECD Europe, Japan and North America are import statistics. Data in rows Australia to Total OECD (except for above mentioned columns) are export statistics. Data in column World are export statistics. All other data are based on national and international sources and estimates. The sum of coking coal and steam coal may not add up to total hard coal due to rounding, which may also result in discrepancies among tables 3.2 to 3.4 and other trade data in this publication.

(1) Includes exports of soft and semi-soft coking coal used for pulverised coal injection (PCI).

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.31

Table 3.5 World Hard Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates

1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

(thousand tonnes) Europe Former North USSR America

World

OECD

Non OECD

Latin America

Asia

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

269047

210596

58451

121693

12300

312839

247420

65419

140868

13600

16550

6442

104536

-

2780

19777

8659

121869

-

343037

270255

72782

157123

3002

11400

16940

9675

139623

-

340141

262819

77322

3367

154247

12500

15562

10284

138678

-

345748

262166

3803

83582

151858

10900

15953

11632

146927

1

4267

372851 376664

280843

92008

152353

13700

19493

11161

167252

1

4382

285891

90773

155483

12100

17135

12651

171075

1

4478

492136

307323

184813

172034

106521

16846

13348

179181

7

3897

488120

327735

160385

178882

86656

15667

13751

188895

1

4068

472205

324363

147842

176435

66125

17087

12806

195706

1

3995

443353

311397

131956

154780

45945

15180

13733

209776

1

3938

461423

330417

131006

159575

41610

16536

15101

224085

-

4516

492805

351082

141723

169290

42896

17100

15675

243141

-

4703

502914

361605

141309

174607

35657

18580

18043

250246

-

5781

532871

384150

148721

183227

32820

21821

18973

270244

-

5786

540307

390351

149956

187818

33847

26746

19398

265384

-

7114

541141

394064

147077

179584

24040

27043

19817

283945

-

6712

608588

438842

169746

203010

34460

28687

19877

314539

-

8015

650997

471464

179533

221285

35578

38057

17949

329026

-

9102

669948

475108

194840

213883

29556

36519

18973

360959

-

10058

713458

502631

210827

226861

39057

43427

19682

374651

-

9780

774499

539210

235289

246373

33887

41353

22102

419057

876

10851

789220

535797

253423

244198

31858

47406

22367

430286

1084

12021

819131

557175

261956

252762

34701

51607

20438

450457

1244

7908

Latin America

Asia

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

-

2

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

73

-

-

-

78

-

-

-

75

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

1

-

-

Table 3.6 World Brown Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates World

OECD

Non OECD

(thousand tonnes) Europe Former North USSR America

14393 14376 17 14376 15 1983 1984 14428 14106 322 14316 15 1985 16063 15451 612 15931 15 1986 14713 13638 1075 14640 15 1987 15004 13347 1657 14954 15 1988 15295 13266 2029 15219 1989 15080 12370 2710 14909 1990 18092 10956 7136 15446 2571 1991 19372 13756 5616 16770 2600 1992 15079 11203 3876 13034 2043 1 1993 13108 10279 2829 11340 1765 2 1994 10506 8114 2392 8711 1793 1 1995 10518 7250 3268 7956 2348 2 1996 11033 7287 3746 8219 2321 469 1997 9807 6744 3063 6496 2244 967 1998 8944 6472 2472 5190 1505 2211 1999 10200 7832 2368 4951 1473 3676 2000 10558 8199 2359 4496 1451 4525 2001 9788 7265 2523 4670 1477 3567 2002 12056 10421 1635 3101 745 8197 2003 13871 10785 3086 3378 1256 9228 2004 11344 8024 3320 3119 1669 6544 2005 13398 10563 2835 4085 655 8645 2006e 12661 11877 784 2975 3 9681 Note: Prior to 1990 excludes trade within Former USSR and Former Yugoslavia.

-

1

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

212

-

-

-

24

-

-

-

100

-

-

-

38

-

-

-

30

-

-

-

43

-

-

-

10

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.32 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 3.7 World Hard Coal Imports - Selected Countries Belgium France 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Germany

Spain

UK

(thousand tonnes) USA Canada Russia

India

China Chinese Taipei

Japan

Korea

7510

18545

14098

5909

4456

1153

15118

x

460

2140

6371

75125

10151

9320

21618

13207

6993

8894

1167

18376

x

580

2490

7490

87227

12194

9320

18835

15547

8416

12732

1771

14579

x

2030

2307

10091

93449

17131

8521

16857

17165

8715

10554

2007

13311

x

2100

2471

10685

90392

16437

9133

13309

14960

8886

9781

1585

14345

x

2970

1941

14022

90916

18279

11065

12114

13304

8766

11685

1936

17477

x

3700

1743

17455

101241

22657

12658

15943

11071

10569

12137

2587

14522

x

4410

2290

16780

101509

24216

14761

19389

13580

10455

14783

2449

14169

53210

6046

2003

18468

106918

23729

14421

21792

15423

12988

19611

3075

12567

46911

5272

1368

18382

112674

29094

14014

21989

15452

14279

20339

3450

13003

39723

6495

1630

22092

110627

30781

11894

14231

13090

12726

18400

6631

8468

28200

7330

1428

25294

112053

37381

12659

12190

15483

11504

15088

6880

9366

27198

10556

1209

26668

121477

41009

14099

13190

15052

13408

15896

6533

9749

22734

12512

1635

28681

127354

45831

12814

15758

16348

11994

17799

6464

11180

20081

13175

3217

31088

130372

46074

12796

13604

20031

11340

19757

6792

13853

20715

16440

2013

36252

136217

51997

12634

18424

22249

14554

21244

7868

17691

21800

16535

1586

37103

130044

53586

10836

17841

22678

20098

20293

8204

16330

16044

19700

1673

41105

138615

54569

11347

18980

27948

21649

23446

11271

14984

25518

20930

2178

45424

150340

63724

12681

15960

33511

18916

35542

18672

15944

27820

20548

2661

48797

154616

64967

9906

18142

32607

24514

28686

16060

14563

20866

23260

11258

51952

161306

72051

9390

16768

34917

21552

31891

22614

13577

25217

21683

11098

54747

166418

73607

9790

19460

39536

24473

36153

24635

12626

22259

28484

18614

60633

180808

78963

8804

19851

37105

24756

43968

27506

12639

22390

38586

26172

60366

174713

76758

8034

20391

41261

23704

51276

32691

11296

25754

40529

37485

63539

177920

79706

China Chinese Taipei

Japan

Korea

Table 3.8 World Brown Coal Imports - Selected Countries Belgium France 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Germany

Spain

UK

(thousand tonnes) USA Canada Russia

India

98

6

2840

3

-

-

-

x

-

-

-

-

-

196

9

2603

3

-

-

-

x

-

-

-

-

-

278

38

2652

2

-

-

-

x

-

-

-

-

-

257

60

2478

2

-

-

-

x

-

-

-

-

-

264

49

2162

2

-

-

-

x

-

-

-

-

-

226

49

1883

-

-

-

-

x

-

-

-

-

-

267

57

1990

-

-

-

-

x

-

-

-

-

-

276

69

2083

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

276

2

3428

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

244

2

3640

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

226

-

2991

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

212

48

2623

265

-

-

-

5

-

-

-

-

-

195

53

2132

481

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

227

42

1950

136

-

-

467

-

-

-

-

-

-

219

37

2151

-

-

-

965

89

-

-

-

-

-

196

32

1944

-

-

46

2163

22

-

-

-

-

-

159

37

2053

-

-

41

3630

3

-

-

-

-

-

219

52

1796

-

-

80

4441

10

-

-

-

-

207

59

1997

-

-

79

3486

242

-

-

-

-

-

205

23

848

-

-

121

8074

-

-

-

-

-

-

188

42

35

-

-

107

9117

127

-

-

-

-

-

190

40

17

-

-

114

6426

170

-

-

-

-

-

206

36

9

-

-

128

8514

253

-

-

-

-

-

290

37

9

-

-

191

9487

-

-

-

-

-

-

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.33

Table 3.9 World Coking Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates

1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

(thousand tonnes) Europe Former North USSR America

World

OECD

Non OECD

Latin America

Asia

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

135326

110192

25134

43329

-

156178

128248

27930

52836

-

6432

6291

72529

-

2169

6848

8506

80682

-

165969

135317

30652

56725

2420

-

6778

9212

85953

-

158461

126549

31912

2579

53101

-

5879

9903

82079

-

163111

128024

2627

35087

55581

-

5612

11248

83700

-

177602

2955

141526

36076

58726

-

6335

10691

94548

-

2996

176540

139929

36611

59254

-

5943

11335

93672

-

2798

170623

135933

34690

61339

124

4719

11831

90289

7

2252

169048

136465

32583

57993

120

4769

12276

91566

-

2264

166869

130743

36126

58019

124

4848

11867

89595

-

2416

164656

129411

35245

54714

291

4681

12313

90154

-

2503

174782

132507

42275

56733

3297

4467

12585

94851

-

2849

181318

133802

47516

59187

8176

4129

13189

94151

-

2486

183412

136766

46646

59711

7319

4833

14402

94458

-

2689

186268

136901

49367

62847

4887

4301

14387

97122

-

2724

180131

135787

44344

63661

3402

5647

14479

89530

-

3412

172508

130064

42444

56468

2351

5106

14406

91136

-

3041

182985

138570

44415

59805

2961

5843

14817

96037

-

3522

177447

132756

44691

55522

2605

6078

14600

95222

-

3420

183460

133810

49650

53320

1642

6522

14865

102693

-

4418

185871

130279

55592

51013

4342

4828

15139

106186

-

4363

208811

140316

68495

56404

6830

5416

16063

119457

-

4641

200902

135845

65057

56969

7770

5767

15711

110136

-

4549

216558

153448

63110

57437

6409

5786

15046

129057

8

2815

Table 3.10 World Steam Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates World

OECD

Non OECD

(thousand tonnes) Europe Former North USSR America

133721 100404 33317 78364 12300 10118 1983 1984 156661 119172 37489 88032 13600 12929 1985 177068 134938 42130 100398 11400 10162 1986 181680 136270 45410 101146 12500 9683 1987 182637 134142 48495 96277 10900 10341 1988 195249 139317 55932 93627 13700 13158 1989 200124 145962 54162 96229 12100 11192 1990 321513 171390 150123 110695 106397 12127 1991 319072 191270 127802 120889 86536 10898 1992 305336 193620 111716 118416 66001 12239 1993 278697 181986 96711 100066 45654 10499 1994 286641 197910 88731 102842 38313 12069 1995 311487 217280 94207 110103 34720 12971 1996 319502 224839 94663 114896 28338 13747 1997 346603 247249 99354 120380 27933 17520 1998 360176 254564 105612 124157 30445 21099 1999 368633 264000 104633 123116 21689 21937 2000 425603 300272 125331 143205 31499 22844 2001 473550 338708 134842 165763 32973 31979 2002 486488 341298 145190 160563 27914 29997 2003 527587 372352 155235 175848 34715 38599 2004 565688 398894 166794 189969 27057 35937 2005 588318 399952 188366 187229 24088 41639 2006e 602573 403727 198846 195325 28292 45821 Note: Prior to 1990 excludes trade within Former USSR and Former Yugoslavia.

Latin America

Asia

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

151

32007

-

611

153

41187

-

582

463

53670

-

788

381

56599

-

1176

384

63227

1

1312

470

72704

1

1386

1316

77403

1

1680

1517

88892

-

1645

1475

97329

1

1804

939

106111

1

1579

1420

119622

1

1435

2516

129234

-

1667

2486

148990

-

2217

3641

155788

-

3092

4586

173122

-

3062

4919

175854

-

3702

5411

192809

-

3671

5060

218502

-

4493

3349

233804

-

5682

4108

258266

-

5640

4543

268465

-

5417

6039

299600

876

6210

6656

320150

1084

7472

5392

321400

1236

5093

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.34 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 3.11 World Coking Coal Imports - Selected Countries Belgium France 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Germany

Spain

UK

(thousand tonnes) USA Canada Russia

India

China Chinese Taipei

Japan

Korea 6394

3148

6528

1818

3127

2444

-

6153

x

460

-

2624

59651

4978

7711

1965

3428

5472

-

6614

x

580

-

2724

67937

6321

4663

7773

2235

4090

7150

-

6188

x

2030

200

2802

69242

8125

4041

7614

2246

3097

6257

-

5635

x

2100

529

2717

66445

6575

4874

7532

2200

3437

6492

-

5589

x

2970

224

3490

63935

9247

6838

8165

2248

3643

7082

-

6255

x

3700

50

4687

71128

11237

7064

7769

2281

4000

7998

-

5917

x

4410

303

4921

68689

11651

7132

7848

1706

4169

8614

-

4491

-

5854

250

4237

64935

11287

6426

7660

1057

4652

9196

-

4744

-

5272

408

4350

61839

15572

5795

7457

1357

4343

8385

-

4848

-

6325

400

3998

57898

16381

4748

6904

987

4572

8602

-

4681

-

6936

-

4125

57104

17321

4444

6747

1093

3893

8065

-

4467

3237

9874

-

4161

60301

16902

5267

7300

1427

3244

7754

-

4129

2215

9378

-

4580

59799

17151

5325

7387

2189

3318

8245

-

4833

1708

10617

-

4112

59479

18226

4328

7235

2536

3745

8072

-

4301

1274

11745

398

6300

59098

17395

4195

7052

4299

3905

8646

1050

4597

292

10023

103

5983

53649

17979

3953

6950

3519

3548

8020

1065

4041

2

10992

263

5775

54880

17227

3818

6543

4608

3755

8462

1547

4296

200

11063

339

6093

57081

19575

4169

6942

3984

3424

7723

2091

3987

-

11107

277

7342

56625

17899

3363

6405

5174

3425

6315

2207

4315

-

12947

256

8642

58435

20003

3220

5577

5504

3321

6474

1556

3272

-

12992

2605

8925

57744

20315

3577

6798

6875

4043

6345

1987

3429

-

16925

6830

9027

60837

21808

3533

6188

7152

3571

6551

1603

4164

866

16891

7195

5210

56577

20627

3490

6005

8604

3622

6874

1533

4253

-

18626

8662

6019

72933

20081

China Chinese Taipei

Japan

Korea 3757

Table 3.12 World Steam Coal Imports - Selected Countries Belgium France 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

Germany

Spain

UK

(thousand tonnes) USA Canada Russia

India

4362

12017

12280

2782

2012

1153

8965

x

-

2140

3747

15474

4342

13907

11242

3565

3422

1167

11762

x

-

2490

4766

19290

5873

4657

11062

13312

4326

5582

1771

8391

x

-

2107

7289

24207

9006

4480

9243

14919

5618

4297

2007

7676

x

-

1942

7968

23947

9862

4259

5777

12760

5449

3289

1585

8756

x

-

1717

10532

26981

9032

4227

3949

11056

5123

4603

1936

11222

x

-

1693

12768

30113

11420

5594

8174

8790

6569

4139

2587

8605

x

-

1987

11859

32820

12565

7629

11541

11874

6286

6169

2449

9678

53210

192

1753

14231

41983

12442

7995

14132

14366

8336

10415

3075

7823

46911

-

960

14032

50835

13522

8219

14532

14095

9936

11954

3450

8155

39723

170

1230

18094

52729

14400

7146

7327

12103

8154

9798

6631

3787

28200

394

1428

21169

54949

20060

8215

5443

14390

7611

7023

6880

4899

23961

682

1209

22507

61176

24107

8832

5890

13625

10164

8142

6533

5620

20519

3134

1635

24101

67555

28680

7489

8371

14159

8676

9554

6464

6347

18373

2558

3217

26976

70893

27848

8468

6369

17495

7595

11685

6792

9552

19441

4695

1615

29952

77119

34602

8439

11372

17950

10649

12598

6818

13094

21508

6512

1483

31120

76395

35607

6883

10891

19159

16550

12273

7139

12289

16042

8708

1410

35330

83735

37342

7529

12437

23340

17894

14984

9724

10688

25318

9867

1839

39331

93259

44149

8512

9018

29527

15492

27819

16581

11957

27820

9441

2384

41455

97991

47068

6543

11737

27433

21089

22371

13853

10248

20866

10313

11002

43310

102871

52048

6170

11191

29413

18231

25417

21058

10305

25217

8691

8493

45822

108674

53292

6213

12662

32661

20430

29808

22648

9197

22259

11559

11784

51606

119971

57155

5271

13663

29953

21185

37417

25903

8475

21524

21695

18977

55156

118136

56131

4544

14386

32657

20082

44402

31158

7043

25754

21903

28823

57520

104987

59625

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.35

Table 3.13 OECD Coke Oven Coke Imports(1) (thousand tonnes)

1973 Australia

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Austria

1055

986

1274

815

718

981

1073

1173

1266

1402

1281

Belgium

1110

1261

676

822

1259

1108

283

216

277

152

64

Canada

357

267

340

339

818

631

343

180

265

88

998

-

-

-

-

320

602

523

700

756

510

745

Czech Republic Denmark

129

112

75

41

45

47

38

32

42

36

38

Finland

832

1229

1231

786

274

505

476

493

511

505

508

France

3646

3000

2147

1109

885

1448

1347

1520

1280

1523

1461

Germany

4497

4202

2693

2001

2601

5987

6052

5200

4410

3793

3604

45

35

53

32

11

1

3

4

4

4

4

1207

1468

1486

478

351

5

364

222

189

205

48

Iceland

-

16

34

30

18

47

48

53

52

33

34

Ireland

13

8

22

29

6

-

-

-

-

-

-

Italy

82

101

134

115

745

506

670

1575

1086

848

716

Greece Hungary

Japan

-

-

-

261

493

2467

2316

2396

2950

2500

1402

Korea

38

121

106

-

-

-

-

-

687

341

314

Luxembourg

3247

2292

1854

1447

521

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mexico

150

122

121

124

437

631

398

511

528

390

323

Netherlands

677

832

405

360

649

758

575

604

334

341

193

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

577

531

700

534

522

543

369

381

457

382

390 96

New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey

-

-

-

-

34

16

34

26

151

117

38

102

157

13

34

-

19

13

10

6

-

922

130

268

456

178

155

171

314

287

260

518

459

553

209

172

846

137

208

218

170

136

155

1495

453

386

318

484

328

566

486

500

393

217

158

127

77

27

24

27

32

25

20

20

26 200

-

-

40

-

182

722

694

509

390

414

53

-

374

304

640

483

238

978

1046

921

993

978

598

524

694

1648

3430

2941

2502

6236

3202

3690

IEA Europe

19320

17292

13993

9403

11117

14188

13530

14349

12748

11591

10643

OECD Europe

20242

17438

14295

9889

11347

14406

13783

14742

13238

12001

11291

IEA North America

1335

865

864

1033

2466

4061

3284

2682

6501

3290

4688

OECD North America

1485

987

985

1157

2903

4692

3682

3193

7029

3680

5011

38

121

106

261

493

2467

2316

2396

3637

2841

1716

20693

18278

14963

10697

14076

20716

19130

19427

22886

17722

17047

11307

14743

21565

19781

20331

23904

18522

18018

United Kingdom United States

OECD Pacific IEA Total

OECD Total 21765 18546 15386 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Solid product obtained from carbonization of coal, principally coking coal, used mainly in the iron and steel industry. (1) Also includes coke and semi-coke made from lignite. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.36 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 3.14 World Hard Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates

1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

(thousand tonnes) Europe Former North USSR America

World

OECD

Non OECD

Latin America

Asia

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

268447

203088

65359

60082

25700

307628

231006

76622

65346

27900

87450

311

7730

55766

31408

99049

721

8593

66893

345350

253180

92170

57559

39126

31200

111426

3166

9967

84194

348089

248878

99211

47838

55590

35400

103448

5084

12039

90166

46362

349088

243566

390114

270519

105522

48801

37700

98990

8938

16792

96014

41853

119595

49933

46400

118021

11146

17718

102565

44331

390638 504671

270482

120156

46380

39800

124314

14176

19089

99788

47091

275708

228963

45057

139934

126918

15371

23593

103732

50066

488659

288148

200511

34442

104936

132913

18590

29471

120792

47515

482371

279476

202895

31341

92050

121120

16930

41769

127012

52149

439855

262671

177184

34250

63598

95881

21441

40360

132540

51785

451497

270712

180785

42033

53662

96432

22613

49427

132245

55085

494475

298474

196001

45893

49630

114544

22553

63935

138036

59884

516045

301175

214870

41950

48574

116777

28398

77504

142446

60396

543143

313782

229361

43309

50876

111674

32685

81468

158801

64330

549718

319135

230583

45959

49240

105286

35969

83884

167889

61491

548121

300471

247650

40263

46889

87030

36760

97642

173194

66343

615223

315474

299749

41477

67995

85511

43321

117905

188491

70523

668189

317548

350641

49881

72300

73692

46428

162606

193970

69312

658038

309171

348867

42030

69239

60874

43854

166436

206266

69339

708799

312629

396170

37788

84456

63892

52392

187693

210959

71619

747413

329158

418255

39738

96492

69094

57650

196071

220334

68034

787660

342792

444868

35865

108556

73283

60833

203972

233642

71509

814774

338381

476393

32075

121384

72286

67177

218485

234020

69347

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

Table 3.15 World Brown Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates World

OECD

Non OECD

(thousand tonnes) Europe Former North USSR America

11565 10532 1033 10418 1983 1984 10880 10361 519 10353 1985 12093 11363 730 11333 1986 12734 11919 815 11882 1987 12388 11710 678 11678 1988 12285 11194 1091 11187 1989 11486 10710 776 10700 1990 15532 10022 5510 10078 4657 1991 14749 10905 3844 11028 3445 1992 12943 9715 3228 9781 2919 1993 10872 9533 1339 9512 1323 1994 7540 7029 511 6984 505 1995 9445 6874 2571 6981 2462 1996 8524 5718 2806 6209 2303 1997 6091 4868 1223 4937 1152 1998 5882 4095 1787 3804 1782 1999 5124 3329 1795 3299 1727 2000 4710 2865 1845 2812 1790 2001 4859 3159 1700 3055 1593 2002 3283 2234 1049 2060 919 2003 3545 1378 2167 1238 1533 2004 3950 1475 2475 1334 603 2005 5631 1941 3690 1788 848 2006e 4585 2439 2146 2039 Note: Prior to 1990 excludes trade within Former USSR and Former Yugoslavia.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

Latin America

Asia

114

-

-

-

-

8

-

300

-

-

30

-

225

-

-

37

107

300

-

-

32

-

611

-

-

7

-

1041

-

-

10

-

776

-

-

79

-

490

-

-

55

-

121

-

-

55

-

88

-

-

29

-

-

-

-

51

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

-

11

-

1

-

-

2

-

-

-

-

293

-

3

-

-

47

-

51

-

-

55

-

53

-

-

161

-

50

-

-

242

-

62

-

-

229

-

545

-

-

309

-

1704

-

-

351

-

2644

-

-

430

-

2116

-

-

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.37

Table 3.16 World Hard Coal Exports - Selected Countries Poland Canada 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

USA

AusCotralia lombia

(thousand tonnes) Vene- Russia Kazakh- Ukraine zuela stan

China

India

Indonesia

South Africa

35144

17011

70439

55544

278

-

x

x

x

6560

80

424

31220

43024

25138

73911

66522

721

-

x

x

x

6955

130

882

38857

36124

27378

84048

83799

3166

-

x

x

x

7770

210

1081

47630

34940

25904

77543

89884

5084

-

x

x

x

9817

160

942

46185

30179

26740

72186

95714

8938

-

x

x

x

13530

170

892

41700

32341

31732

86203

102200

10121

1025

x

x

x

15646

200

1037

44170

28943

32817

91457

99302

12487

1689

x

x

x

15338

160

2546

46931

28065

31000

95912

103396

13505

1834

56051

51480

22217

17290

100

4871

49900

19534

34103

98809

120183

16379

2196

37402

51963

12722

20001

110

7615

47357

19602

28165

92955

126242

14614

2309

40500

42459

7342

23363

130

16058

52059

22968

28274

67602

131752

17616

3825

25881

33821

3101

19815

100

18239

51711

27695

31695

64736

131201

18437

4135

23100

26000

4106

24194

673

21905

54838

31868

34215

80329

136702

18274

4242

26263

20768

2400

28617

651

31322

59676

28920

34686

82076

140856

24781

3617

25341

20840

2289

36485

478

36443

60224

29466

35886

75788

157557

27580

5105

23493

24857

2374

35331

540

41727

64200

28055

33186

72098

166796

30061

5908

24042

23294

1881

32297

823

47206

61300

24102

33960

53001

171861

29932

6828

27709

17025

2138

37437

1156

55318

66235

23245

32501

53006

186962

35391

7930

36737

28933

2320

55057

1292

57389

69909

23029

29618

44066

192178

38868

7560

41553

26996

3729

90125

1903

65281

69210

22623

25066

35805

204334

36510

7344

43497

22540

3092

83887

1517

74178

69231

20119

24996

38896

208749

45644

6748

54625

26916

2912

93986

1627

84681

71531

19684

25743

43351

218426

50902

6748

68616

23993

3883

86613

1294

96262

67946

19369

28188

45095

231311

53607

7143

79706

25172

3666

71676

1989

110998

71442

16617

27426

44860

231300

59689

7405

92089

25724

3464

63258

1606

129342

68836

India

Indonesia

South Africa

Table 3.17 World Brown Coal Exports - Selected Countries Poland Canada 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

USA

AusCotralia lombia

(thousand tonnes) Vene- Russia Kazakh- Ukraine zuela stan

China

200

-

114

-

-

-

x

x

x

-

-

-

-

-

-

8

-

-

-

x

x

x

-

-

-

-

201

-

30

-

-

-

x

x

x

-

-

-

-

1

-

37

-

-

-

x

x

x

-

-

-

-

1

-

32

-

-

-

x

x

x

-

-

-

-

-

7

-

-

-

-

x

x

x

-

-

-

-

-

10

-

-

-

-

x

x

x

-

-

-

-

193

9

70

-

-

-

3134

-

1433

-

-

-

1275

10

45

-

-

-

2979

-

348

-

-

-

-

978

9

46

-

-

-

2896

-

-

-

-

-

-

909

29

-

-

-

-

1321

-

-

-

-

-

-

719

51

-

-

-

-

232

266

-

-

-

-

-

368

-

-

-

-

-

2171

202

-

-

-

-

-

45

11

-

-

-

-

2059

232

1

-

-

-

-

37

-

2

-

-

-

883

223

-

-

-

-

-

23

-

293

-

-

-

1620

109

-

-

-

-

-

13

-

47

-

-

-

1604

73

-

-

-

-

-

9

-

55

-

-

-

1592

147

9

-

-

-

15

78

83

-

-

-

1245

299

-

-

-

-

-

41

120

122

-

-

-

783

87

3

-

-

-

-

36

109

120

-

-

-

1317

184

2

-

-

-

-

27

117

192

-

-

-

315

249

2

-

-

-

-

8

140

211

-

-

-

552

261

-

-

-

233

-

-

251

179

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.38 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 3.18 World Coking Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates

1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

(thousand tonnes) Europe Former North USSR America

World

OECD

Non OECD

Latin America

Asia

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

125836

112230

13606

13384

8000

145596

130356

15240

13132

8000

59874

-

2305

38967

3306

72766

-

2442

44453

157885

139140

18745

11146

4803

11000

77198

-

2604

50795

152194

130253

21941

5142

9858

13000

71306

-

3074

49089

5867

155730

128340

177808

148461

27390

8867

19000

69382

-

3635

50091

4755

29347

8407

21000

83895

-

3331

56159

181811

5016

154663

27148

9819

20000

87800

-

2987

57044

4161

198183

151443

46740

8555

39348

84425

-

3759

58463

3633

192458

160466

31992

6718

24136

87432

-

4333

66316

3523

192653

151309

41344

5558

31664

77034

-

4592

68717

5088

181362

161282

20080

17422

14077

68967

-

5979

74895

22

190787

158680

32107

15843

24848

70007

-

7259

72830

-

190167

169990

20177

18219

10692

75819

-

9484

75953

-

189232

170450

18782

14826

8078

76758

-

10704

78866

-

193655

175579

18076

12982

9865

77406

-

8211

85191

-

181025

166212

14813

10267

6723

71075

-

8090

84870

-

183534

162552

20982

10456

6601

58092

-

14366

94004

15

188849

169287

19562

9747

7715

58166

-

11348

101374

499

201185

165587

35598

8301

14431

49967

-

20194

107319

973

188760

157908

30852

7640

9199

42503

-

20894

107765

759

199031

160526

38505

6767

9494

43755

-

28427

110004

584

203046

168593

34453

6761

12352

48196

-

21180

113640

917

221873

186603

35270

6647

10492

52711

-

24254

127245

524

222169

180959

41210

8174

10365

49586

2

29754

123199

1089

Latin America

Asia

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

311

5425

16799

28102

721

6151

22440

34323

3166

7363

33399

42696

5084

8965

41077

40495

8938

13157

45923

37098

11146

14387

46406

39315

14176

16102

42744

42930

15371

19834

45269

46433

18590

25138

54476

43992

16930

37177

58295

47061

21441

34381

57645

51763

22613

42168

59415

55085

22553

54451

62083

59884

28398

66800

63580

60396

32685

73257

73610

64330

35969

75794

83019

61491

36760

83276

79190

66328

43321

106557

87117

70024

46428

142412

86651

68339

43854

145542

98501

68580

52392

159266

100955

71035

57650

174891

106694

67117

60833

179718

106397

70985

67175

188731

110821

68258

Table 3.19 World Steam Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates World

OECD

Non OECD

(thousand tonnes) Europe Former North USSR America

142611 90858 51753 46698 17700 27576 1983 1984 162032 100650 61382 52214 19900 26283 1985 187465 114040 73425 46413 20200 34228 1986 195895 118625 77270 45732 22400 32142 1987 193358 115226 78132 39934 18700 29608 1988 212306 122058 90248 41526 25400 34126 1989 208827 115819 93008 36561 19800 36514 1990 306488 124265 182223 36502 100586 42493 1991 296201 127682 168519 27724 80800 45481 1992 289718 128167 161551 25783 60386 44086 1993 258493 101389 157104 16828 49521 26914 1994 260710 112032 148678 26190 28814 26425 1995 304308 128484 175824 27674 38938 38725 1996 326813 130725 196088 27124 40496 40019 1997 349488 138203 211285 30327 41011 34268 1998 368693 152923 215770 35692 42517 34211 1999 364587 137919 226668 29807 40288 28938 2000 426374 146187 280187 31730 60280 27345 2001 467004 151961 315043 41580 57869 23725 2002 469278 151263 318015 34390 60040 18371 2003 509768 152103 357665 31021 74962 20137 2004 544367 160565 383802 32977 84140 20898 2005 565787 156189 409598 29218 98064 20572 2006e 592605 157422 435183 23901 111019 22700 Note: Prior to 1990 excludes trade within Former USSR and Former Yugoslavia.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.39

Table 3.20 World Coking Coal Exports - Selected Countries Poland Canada 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

USA

AusCotralia lombia

(thousand tonnes) Vene- Russia Kazakh- Ukraine zuela stan

China

India

Indonesia

South Africa

-

14547

45327

38771

-

-

x

x

x

2300

-

-

3306

-

21079

51687

44082

-

-

x

x

x

2400

-

37

4803

-

22483

54715

50480

-

-

x

x

x

2500

-

103

5142

-

21431

49874

48807

-

-

x

x

x

2988

-

86

5867

-

22436

46882

49792

-

-

x

x

x

3579

-

56

4755

-

27609

56200

55794

-

-

x

x

x

3241

-

90

5016

-

28677

59083

56558

-

-

x

x

x

2896

-

91

4161

-

26851

57568

58127

-

-

31573

-

7775

3473

-

286

3633

-

28786

58645

65707

-

-

15633

-

8503

3840

-

493

3523

-

23124

53910

67947

-

-

24322

-

7342

3700

-

892

5088

12829

23921

45044

74114

-

-

6729

4247

3101

4283

-

1696

-

10694

27066

42941

71786

-

-

17367

3375

4106

4906

254

2099

-

12296

28564

47255

74619

-

-

8693

1999

-

6744

329

2411

-

9886

28722

48036

77276

-

-

6538

1509

31

7487

188

3029

-

9138

30092

47314

83947

-

-

8450

1371

44

4601

272

3338

-

6506

28353

42722

83777

-

-

6440

271

12

4855

385

2850

-

6635

28946

29146

92671

-

-

6400

184

17

5246

774

8346

-

5290

28386

29780

99845

-

-

7300

393

22

6470

624

4254

-

3813

26914

23053

105527

-

-

14431

-

-

11445

879

7870

970

3521

22964

19539

105833

-

-

9196

-

3

13295

163

7436

759

2710

23716

20039

107794

-

-

9470

-

24

13135

158

15134

584

3036

23847

24349

111732

-

-

11935

-

417

5757

114

15309

917

3151

26710

26001

124914

-

-

9983

-

509

5260

46

18948

524

3550

24640

24946

120479

-

-

10357

-

8

4365

42

25347

1089

India

Indonesia

South Africa

Table 3.21 World Steam Coal Exports - Selected Countries Poland Canada 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006e

USA

AusCotralia lombia

(thousand tonnes) Vene- Russia Kazakh- Ukraine zuela stan

China

35144

2464

25112

16773

278

-

x

x

x

4260

80

424

27914

43024

4059

22224

22440

721

-

x

x

x

4555

130

845

34054

36124

4895

29333

33319

3166

-

x

x

x

5270

210

978

42488

34940

4473

27669

41077

5084

-

x

x

x

6829

160

856

40318

30179

4304

25304

45922

8938

-

x

x

x

9951

170

836

36945

32341

4123

30003

46406

10121

1025

x

x

x

12405

200

947

39154

28943

4140

32374

42744

12487

1689

x

x

x

12442

160

2455

42770

28065

4149

38344

45269

13505

1834

24478

51480

14442

13817

100

4585

46267

19534

5317

40164

54476

16379

2196

21769

51963

4219

16161

110

7122

43834

19602

5041

39045

58295

14614

2309

16178

42459

-

19663

130

15166

46971

10139

4353

22558

57638

17616

3825

19152

29574

-

15532

100

16543

51711

17001

4629

21795

59415

18437

4135

5733

22625

-

19288

419

19806

54838

19572

5651

33074

62083

18274

4242

17570

18769

2400

21873

322

28911

59676

19034

5964

34040

63580

24781

3617

18803

19331

2258

28998

290

33414

60224

20328

5794

28474

73610

27580

5105

15043

23486

2330

30730

268

38389

64200

21549

4833

29376

83019

30061

5908

17602

23023

1869

27442

438

44356

61300

17467

5014

23855

79190

29932

6828

21309

16841

2121

32191

382

46972

66235

17955

4115

23226

87117

35391

7930

29437

28540

2298

48587

668

53135

69909

19216

2704

21013

86651

38868

7560

27122

26996

3729

78680

1024

57411

68240

19102

2102

16266

98501

36510

7344

34301

22540

3089

70592

1354

66742

68472

17409

1280

18857

100955

45644

6748

45155

26916

2888

80851

1469

69547

70947

16648

1896

19002

106694

50902

6748

56681

23993

3466

80856

1180

80953

67029

16218

1478

19094

106397

53607

7143

69723

25172

3157

66416

1943

92050

70918

13067

2786

19914

110821

59689

7405

81732

25724

3456

58893

1564

103995

67747

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.40 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 3.22 OECD Coke Oven Coke Exports(1) (thousand tonnes)

Australia

1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

-

122

11

574

334

22

136

262

260

1

-

Austria

82

2

5

1

1

1

2

3

42

7

3

Belgium

469

768

847

915

557

293

142

105

82

20

178

Canada

368

80

22

193

334

300

141

67

130

154

103

3467

2450

1927

1451

1409

948

946

944

958

913

980 -

Czech Republic Denmark

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

Finland

24

5

13

1

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

France

1012

870

553

383

307

711

357

417

850

646

701 88

Germany

10197

7692

6038

2945

287

75

83

92

98

75

Greece

31

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Hungary

103

-

-

-

420

183

62

66

80

53

211

Iceland

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Ireland

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Italy

628

747

451

201

130

123

128

165

244

229

220

Japan

600

2068

4055

1880

3428

2593

3231

2599

2035

1674

1965

Korea

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Luxembourg

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mexico

-

79

95

4

1

2

1

2

2

2

3

680

702

880

829

1089

830

694

567

346

358

546

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Norway

51

36

122

5

-

2

-

-

-

2

-

Poland

2780

1770

1639

3662

3331

3691

4226

5267

5258

4624

6238

Netherlands New Zealand

Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey

16

-

-

11

74

80

-

-

-

-

-

-

13

23

-

58

59

162

104

54

138

145

2

3

11

42

81

744

615

750

985

610

1047

11

114

77

41

67

29

18

58

35

35

26

-

-

-

4

-

-

-

-

-

-

7

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

665

1265

1163

435

264

381

318

138

142

119

168

1266

1879

1018

519

680

1039

718

655

1196

1585

1466

IEA Europe

17438

14654

12088

7264

4688

4400

3365

3305

3864

3067

4175

OECD Europe

20218

16437

13750

10926

8077

8150

7753

8676

9176

7829

10558

IEA North America

1634

1959

1040

712

1014

1339

859

722

1326

1739

1569

OECD North America

1634

2038

1135

716

1015

1341

860

724

1328

1741

1572

600

2190

4066

2454

3762

2615

3367

2861

2295

1675

1965

19672

18803

17194

10430

9464

8354

7591

6888

7485

6481

7709

14096

12854

12106

11980

12261

12799

11245

14095

United Kingdom United States

OECD Pacific IEA Total

OECD Total 22452 20665 18951 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Solid product obtained from carbonization of coal, principally coking coal, used mainly in the iron and steel industry. (1) Also includes coke and semi-coke made from lignite. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.41

4. PRICES

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.43

Table 4.1 Japan Coking Coal Import Costs Total(1) (all sources) 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Note: Note: Note: Note: Note:

57.42 53.97 55.05 58.39 60.72 60.61 57.86 55.39 51.91 55.03 56.39 55.19 50.98 42.95 39.46 41.13 42.14 41.73 61.40 88.80 93.10

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/t) Australia Canada USA

South

Russia(2)

China

52.73 48.63 50.14 54.65 57.45 56.86 55.80 54.37 51.80 54.81 57.21 57.09 54.63 45.17 43.62 45.52 45.59 46.05 67.98 114.96 116.69

47.22 43.31 46.06 52.08 54.38 53.22 51.66 50.52 47.03 49.49 51.88 49.98 46.78 40.01 37.12 39.35 38.97 39.09 72.57 100.45 91.98

Africa 52.82 48.27 48.31 52.58 55.27 56.64 53.55 51.49 47.89 51.15 54.07 52.73 49.47 41.83 39.01 40.96 43.32 43.56 56.85 96.44 106.20

66.65 65.43 67.36 69.73 71.27 71.85 70.98 67.12 64.65 64.49 64.44 64.84 59.73 51.05 45.46 47.30 50.50 51.64 62.04 106.05 125.68

64.71 64.05 60.35 63.34 66.90 66.16 63.68 61.82 59.34 61.37 61.05 61.24 59.53 55.79 52.69 47.81 52.07 42.93 163.61 159.01 159.35

46.99 43.35 42.55 47.68 50.11 51.94 52.36 46.78 46.93 49.54 50.94 49.64 47.06 39.74 39.99 47.09 x x x x x

It should be noted that as a result of the import coal classification system used by Japanese customs authorities, most imports of Indonesian coal are recorded by customs as coking coal even though most of the coal is not used in the metallurgical industry. As this coal has a lower unit value than coking coal reported in other categories, the data presented in the Total column in this table, from 1991 onwards, tend to understate the total average unit value of coals imported into Japan for metallurgical use. Prior to 1991, the volume of imports reported by customs in this way was not so large as to significantly affect the total averages.

Table 4.2 EU Coking Coal Import Costs from Selected Countries (1)

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Total (all sources) 57.99 55.24 56.95 58.09 65.01 61.75 60.95 55.82 55.97 58.49 59.74 57.99 54.53 48.97 47.88 53.56 56.63 59.61 78.12 109.61 125.86

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/t) Australia Canada USA 56.24 52.90 53.10 53.87 67.29 60.84 60.76 55.67 55.56 57.03 59.72 57.97 55.00 47.33 45.45 51.24 55.52 58.03 73.63 114.89 135.52

56.44 54.24 52.85 57.32 64.53 60.80 61.51 55.40 52.42 57.02 58.52 57.61 54.18 45.58 45.92 54.59 56.90 61.31 76.64 113.81 137.66

59.46 56.85 57.30 58.38 63.07 61.65 61.22 57.13 58.22 61.20 62.03 60.08 58.53 54.14 52.91 58.54 61.48 64.18 84.75 110.91 123.44

South

Russia(2)

Poland

Africa 38.51 35.54 39.86 36.57 58.81 51.55 50.54 48.21 44.13 49.65 47.44 43.31 35.83 36.21 39.09 42.10 38.69 39.20 61.31 71.77 66.18

50.37 54.39 50.68 53.49 57.44 51.33 47.95 36.22 46.11 56.00 59.88 54.93 51.08 57.96 42.02 58.89 58.11 47.45 86.41 86.05 81.34

60.54 54.74 54.82 56.77 63.98 59.20 59.64 54.09 53.55 59.26 61.11 61.02 52.52 47.48 50.43 51.58 50.15 62.24 108.71 138.92 118.82

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes (Table 21 and Table 19) (1) Weighted average based only on imports for which prices are available. Calculated average prices may not be comparable (1) from one year to the next due to differing components. (2) Former USSR prior to 1991.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.44 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 4.3 Japan Steam Coal Import Costs

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Total(1) (all sources) 44.86 41.49 42.64 48.84 50.97 50.43 48.47 45.92 43.88 47.85 49.29 45.26 40.68 35.87 34.59 37.95 36.95 34.93 51.48 62.73 63.33

Australia 44.44 42.27 43.34 49.78 52.23 51.68 49.29 46.31 44.92 48.87 50.24 45.59 40.80 36.12 34.59 38.32 37.39 35.13 50.20 61.90 63.90

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/t) USA South Russia(2) 55.11 46.89 48.05 52.78 53.17 52.36 51.22 51.05 49.91 52.65 54.32 49.86 47.52 45.37 45.49 45.99 48.63 x 186.48 x 596.68

Africa 44.96 40.91 41.16 44.67 47.95 48.36 46.93 44.34 42.47 48.27 49.86 46.58 41.50 37.34 35.82 38.05 40.30 35.21 x 80.64 x

44.27 39.44 40.24 45.43 46.54 44.93 43.73 40.24 38.68 43.45 44.63 42.57 38.46 30.24 30.68 37.61 34.35 34.28 59.02 66.10 62.20

China

Canada

45.98 37.80 38.52 45.74 47.59 47.69 46.04 43.55 39.05 44.48 46.52 44.73 39.96 34.89 33.69 36.95 36.25 35.28 55.06 65.65 63.88

44.02 40.61 42.96 45.38 48.26 46.76 46.30 45.76 42.88 44.20 45.91 42.01 38.25 33.50 34.72 36.94 37.34 33.82 52.60 63.79 56.32

Table 4.4 EU Steam Coal Import Costs from Selected Countries (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/t) Australia USA South Total(1) Russia(2) (all sources) Africa 1986 45.53 45.41 52.19 38.04 39.77 1987 41.02 40.43 51.79 32.77 41.57 1988 46.49 43.69 54.21 37.44 38.63 1989 49.26 48.07 53.40 42.67 44.19 1990 52.64 52.03 54.69 45.18 44.69 1991 50.69 49.14 51.51 45.31 42.54 1992 48.59 50.07 50.69 42.48 39.50 1993 37.99 38.85 46.96 32.86 24.10 1994 40.35 40.74 46.05 36.18 36.67 1995 47.51 45.06 49.12 43.76 42.55 1996 45.62 48.25 48.03 42.23 42.48 1997 43.52 46.38 48.47 40.33 39.84 1998 39.72 40.03 46.99 36.30 37.23 1999 34.43 36.68 40.67 31.78 30.96 2000 35.22 39.04 41.07 33.83 33.59 2001 42.96 44.13 46.52 42.32 42.16 2002 38.69 43.28 43.48 36.65 36.79 2003 41.94 46.83 47.37 39.10 42.22 2004 61.91 69.05 61.50 58.00 65.14 2005 71.27 106.40 86.75 67.64 68.46 2006 69.80 109.71 82.08 66.24 67.93 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes (Table 16 and Table 14)

China

Poland

Colombia

49.23 38.11 39.56 47.36 49.36 47.14 45.46 45.65 41.78 45.29 46.18 52.87 52.85 32.58 31.45 40.90 44.30 51.38 60.61 93.41 150.20

56.90 48.83 51.56 56.46 61.05 58.18 54.11 36.60 41.44 46.78 46.50 42.62 39.61 35.03 35.30 44.41 40.75 43.26 68.95 78.34 75.65

42.26 37.15 39.48 47.35 52.60 49.81 49.65 35.39 39.68 43.42 41.93 42.29 37.56 32.69 34.22 42.32 36.99 41.65 61.54 67.98 66.07

(1) Weighted average based only on imports for which prices are available. Calculated average prices may not be comparable (1) from one year to the next due to differing components. (2) Former USSR prior to 1991.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.45

Table 4.5 Steam Coal Export Costs Exported from: To: 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Australia (FOB) Total 31.85 28.97 30.77 35.93 38.34 37.93 36.49 33.45 32.75 34.99 37.77 34.35 30.10 26.49 24.27 28.71 28.01 25.41 37.65 48.86 47.05

Japan 33.25 32.34 32.93 37.98 40.03 40.32 38.85 35.49 33.72 36.85 38.89 35.40 31.50 27.02 24.72 29.69 29.20 26.00 38.45 49.42 50.59

EU(1) 30.42 26.26 27.18 32.56 35.25 34.05 32.47 30.02 29.09 31.05 33.19 31.76 24.54 21.63 20.86 25.86 24.42 25.18 34.44 49.46 49.29

(Average Unit Value, US$/t) Canada United States (FAS) Total 32.85 31.86 34.25 37.71 40.37 40.35 38.15 34.61 31.51 32.90 35.67 32.44 30.24 25.72 24.99 26.01 28.11 35.75 44.75 53.23 45.24

Total Japan 46.83 44.26 43.17 41.31 42.06 39.94 41.17 43.04 39.99 41.76 40.63 39.73 39.53 39.66 39.78 39.08 38.22 37.13 38.94 38.61 36.94 40.02 34.84 38.55 32.24 37.00 32.02 35.40 31.84 34.90 34.51 37.70 37.70 40.41 37.00 166.40 53.93 91.47 67.09 105.21 55.66 166.53

Colombia

EU(1) 43.73 43.35 41.14 40.45 42.54 41.50 40.90 41.60 40.23 40.91 36.80 35.87 33.05 29.39 28.26 34.69 33.09 32.18 42.06 68.83 59.65

Total .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 31.81 33.84 30.51 27.25 26.99 31.36 30.09 33.24 59.55 51.89 51.92

Indonesia

S. Africa

Total .. .. .. .. 42.75 42.23 41.22 38.52 36.40 42.71 42.71 39.90 35.82 31.00 29.60 32.07 29.98 25.00 38.00 44.50 47.25

Total 29.32 25.05 27.27 29.36 30.53 30.19 29.53 25.38 23.89 29.20 30.63 31.47 26.37 22.77 22.63 28.59 25.82 24.47 32.94 46.21 45.78

Table 4.6 Coking Coal Export Costs Exported from:

Australia (FOB)

(Average Unit Value, US$/t) Canada United States (FAS)

Colombia

Indonesia

S. Africa

Total Japan Total Total Japan Total Total To: EU(1) Total (2) EU(1) 1986 44.35 44.78 40.79 50.16 52.70 54.59 51.69 .. .. 40.26 1987 39.97 40.15 37.85 49.07 48.98 51.31 48.24 .. .. 29.96 1988 40.27 40.02 37.64 53.80 48.69 47.76 48.58 .. .. 30.35 1989 44.69 44.27 43.86 56.41 49.82 48.31 50.03 .. .. 37.37 1990 47.72 46.98 48.00 59.23 51.55 50.34 52.41 .. .. 38.84 1991 47.96 47.24 48.23 57.37 50.80 50.18 51.33 42.22 .. 43.31 1992 46.78 46.44 46.53 57.08 50.01 49.58 51.72 36.50 .. 40.35 1993 44.28 43.85 44.06 52.73 48.63 47.99 50.71 .. .. 41.16 1994 41.36 40.24 41.41 48.03 47.11 44.72 49.82 .. .. 37.48 1995 44.23 43.37 44.45 48.76 48.47 45.35 51.13 .. .. 39.66 1996 47.56 46.11 48.56 51.52 50.05 46.51 53.12 .. .. 39.68 1997 47.37 45.52 47.73 50.04 49.99 45.94 52.87 .. .. 37.72 1998 43.97 42.47 44.10 46.15 48.55 45.98 51.67 31.97 .. 31.39 1999 35.99 34.60 37.59 38.19 46.19 44.46 49.27 31.26 .. 34.38 2000 32.85 31.64 33.66 34.01 42.98 41.99 45.58 33.15 .. 32.09 2001 36.93 34.46 39.98 43.03 45.88 x 50.09 .. .. 37.81 2002 40.16 36.79 44.34 43.90 50.06 x 53.13 .. .. 32.43 2003 39.75 36.18 43.14 44.59 49.11 56.01 52.19 .. .. 27.91 2004 48.84 45.51 51.43 51.37 70.14 98.14 63.60 .. .. 43.81 2005 88.94 83.74 100.84 96.26 89.91 100.61 89.44 .. .. 52.86 2006 98.27 94.04 106.53 109.29 111.72 89.80 102.22 .. .. 57.98 Sources: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes (Tables 23 to 27) for Australia, Canada and the US, Latin America Coal & Power for Colombia prior to 2003, Indonesia Mineral and Coal Statistics 2004 for Indonesia prior to 2003, Hill & Associates/Wood Mackenzie for Columbia and Indonesia 2003 onwards, Republic of S. Africa Minerals Bureau for South Africa. (1) Weighted average based only on imports for which prices are available. Calculated average prices may not be comparable (1) from one year to the next due to differing components. (2) Low Ash Bituminous; injection grade to Japanese Steel Mills

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.46 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 4.7 Coking Coal Prices for Industry (US$/tce) 1978

1980

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

29.67 .. 63.67 62.69 .. .. .. 51.84 62.91 .. .. .. 69.79 72.48 .. .. .. 105.55 .. .. .. 175.90 27.50 68.57 64.11 .. 70.23 .. 48.94 1997

29.57 .. 66.51 64.85 .. .. .. 58.46 71.78 .. .. .. 69.57 73.35 .. .. .. 131.85 .. 116.18 .. 243.16 28.31 103.43 72.84 127.62 83.99 .. 61.20 1998

22.79 .. 58.13 55.58 60.47 .. .. 54.54 58.75 .. .. .. 63.25 65.12 .. .. .. 123.72 .. 81.21 .. 50.07 60.77 .. 57.21 .. 67.77 .. 51.70 1999

.. .. 61.72 .. 52.62 .. .. 62.62 63.02 .. .. .. 64.88 68.03 .. .. .. 154.34 .. 93.33 .. 52.51 56.57 .. .. .. 82.07 .. 52.01 2000

.. .. 60.99 .. 49.48 .. .. 61.60 62.74 .. .. .. 64.01 66.81 .. .. .. 140.46 .. 90.07 38.17 51.65 52.85 .. .. .. 58.05 .. 53.14 2001

.. .. 57.73 .. 54.19 .. .. 62.68 62.22 .. .. .. 62.18 64.10 .. .. .. .. .. 93.99 35.28 46.28 57.53 .. .. .. 53.60 .. 52.15 2002

.. .. 56.16 .. 53.38 .. .. 54.19 58.60 .. .. .. 57.87 61.90 .. .. .. .. .. 79.83 39.66 38.48 .. .. .. .. 54.69 .. 51.62 2003

.. .. 54.21 .. 57.83 .. .. 58.42 56.65 .. .. .. 56.52 57.96 .. .. .. .. .. 80.54 53.03 37.60 .. .. .. .. 51.02 .. 50.66 2004

.. .. 57.55 .. 64.92 .. 101.01 59.55 60.34 .. .. .. 60.70 61.11 .. .. .. .. .. 89.69 59.75 43.92 .. .. .. .. 86.05 .. 51.52 2005

.. .. 57.49 .. 58.11 .. 101.95 58.50 60.96 .. .. .. 62.50 62.88 .. .. .. .. .. .. 55.92 45.25 .. .. .. .. 100.82 .. 51.52 2006

Australia .. .. Austria .. .. Belgium 57.58 55.48 Canada .. .. Czech Republic 56.29 58.08 Denmark .. .. Finland 106.56 107.06 France 55.72 53.43 Germany 60.05 56.13 Greece .. .. Hungary .. .. Ireland .. .. Italy 61.12 59.26 Japan 62.65 58.60 Korea .. .. Luxembourg .. .. Mexico .. .. Netherlands .. .. New Zealand .. .. Norway .. .. Poland 49.84 47.13 Portugal 42.79 37.82 Slovak Republic .. .. Spain .. .. Sweden .. .. Switzerland .. .. Turkey 110.65 94.11 United Kingdom .. .. United States 51.58 50.15 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. .. 49.29 .. 56.79 .. 105.93 47.44 .. .. .. .. 52.70 49.63 .. .. .. .. .. .. 38.30 31.74 .. .. .. .. 70.90 .. 49.91

.. .. 47.21 .. 50.72 .. 99.78 45.43 .. .. .. .. 53.26 45.30 .. .. .. .. .. .. 38.75 31.67 .. .. .. .. 80.19 .. 48.41

.. .. 54.03 .. 55.32 .. 105.14 50.42 .. .. .. .. 58.22 46.93 .. .. .. .. .. .. 46.52 38.85 .. .. .. .. 71.77 .. 50.67

.. .. .. .. 65.74 .. 109.88 58.03 .. .. .. .. 60.80 48.86 .. .. .. .. .. .. 47.49 32.64 .. .. .. .. 86.28 .. 55.73

.. .. .. .. .. .. 126.04 59.67 .. .. .. .. 63.51 48.83 .. .. .. .. .. .. 52.01 38.73 .. .. .. .. 92.33 .. 55.15

.. .. .. .. .. .. 158.63 72.00 .. .. .. .. 79.55 69.37 72.67 .. .. .. .. .. 95.46 .. .. .. .. .. 118.78 .. 66.99

.. .. .. .. .. .. 196.65 106.27 .. .. .. .. 108.95 104.02 116.55 .. .. .. .. .. 114.57 .. .. .. .. .. 148.21 .. 91.26

.. .. .. .. .. .. 203.29 128.98 .. .. .. .. 118.09 107.46 120.22 .. .. .. .. .. 94.52 .. .. .. .. .. 161.57 .. 100.79

Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.47

Table 4.8 Steam Coal Prices for Industry (US$/tce) 1978

1980

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

.. 90.20 29.62 43.97 .. 76.39 51.74 61.82 98.52 93.42 .. .. 70.05 71.25 .. .. .. 57.76 36.23 39.80 .. .. 7.88 .. 77.55 68.83 .. 49.78 36.26 1997

.. 119.83 42.87 42.76 .. 95.46 77.80 107.40 120.31 119.98 .. .. 56.68 74.99 32.75 .. .. 62.94 41.63 62.32 .. .. 8.51 .. 93.41 95.71 86.47 91.32 41.85 1998

34.79 66.69 45.48 59.46 25.05 100.41 61.96 105.08 159.99 .. .. .. 58.01 71.47 64.59 .. .. 55.95 .. 46.00 .. .. 14.84 .. 85.66 68.32 60.21 79.86 39.33 1999

.. 78.84 55.41 .. 24.44 119.95 72.35 128.20 185.76 .. .. .. 58.84 70.53 61.03 .. .. 62.74 .. 53.13 .. .. 15.25 .. 92.56 72.44 79.67 88.51 40.00 2000

.. 78.62 51.69 .. 21.41 115.13 68.79 124.92 182.57 .. .. .. 57.97 68.23 58.95 .. .. 58.87 .. 50.02 27.31 .. 12.16 .. 113.90 69.97 82.35 86.31 39.90 2001

.. 85.47 .. .. 25.69 115.93 66.21 134.18 206.06 .. .. .. 52.09 63.43 55.40 .. .. .. .. 42.60 30.26 .. 12.77 .. .. 63.06 87.38 85.09 39.08 2002

.. 71.65 .. .. 26.70 75.90 53.56 126.83 195.74 .. .. .. 53.22 67.62 53.88 .. .. .. .. 33.27 29.90 .. .. .. .. 53.55 69.97 68.02 38.71 2003

.. 70.46 .. .. 27.49 74.21 65.45 129.90 200.20 .. .. .. 51.12 57.80 53.74 .. .. .. .. 45.44 38.52 .. .. .. .. 55.73 52.26 68.64 38.76 2004

.. 82.29 .. .. 31.30 84.94 96.93 145.13 .. .. .. .. 57.35 61.98 56.04 .. .. .. .. .. 44.84 .. .. .. .. 71.07 58.81 65.58 38.59 2005

.. 74.31 .. .. 29.84 .. 89.18 142.46 .. .. .. .. 55.92 63.95 53.74 .. .. .. .. .. 45.95 .. .. .. .. 69.85 60.50 61.62 38.45 2006

Australia .. .. Austria 64.91 64.72 Belgium .. .. Canada .. .. Czech Republic 27.74 29.43 Denmark .. .. Finland 98.95 97.05 France 125.17 126.61 Germany .. .. Greece .. .. Hungary .. .. Ireland .. .. Italy 53.73 46.24 Japan 59.78 53.75 Korea 45.44 33.39 Luxembourg .. .. Mexico .. .. Netherlands .. .. New Zealand .. .. Norway .. .. Poland 44.37 51.05 Portugal 47.43 35.69 Slovak Republic 35.96 35.38 Spain .. .. Sweden .. .. Switzerland 59.54 58.74 Turkey 63.09 61.75 United Kingdom 62.84 64.94 United States 38.59 38.42 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. 56.93 .. .. 28.33 .. 97.39 121.78 .. .. .. .. 37.90 47.47 49.55 .. .. .. .. .. 43.29 32.14 31.85 .. .. 55.11 57.96 62.94 37.60

.. 54.73 .. .. 26.96 .. 89.47 105.48 .. .. .. .. 43.46 45.69 58.34 .. .. .. .. .. 44.87 37.98 .. .. .. 60.13 53.26 59.29 37.77

.. 56.42 .. .. 28.43 .. 97.40 107.49 .. .. .. .. 50.90 49.68 51.15 .. .. .. .. .. 50.25 46.43 .. .. .. 68.67 52.42 63.72 39.02

.. 75.33 .. .. 33.88 .. 96.68 109.32 .. .. .. .. 47.01 48.27 52.96 .. .. .. .. .. 46.50 39.74 .. .. .. 61.63 69.48 65.04 39.97

.. 87.64 .. .. .. .. 113.53 130.49 .. .. .. .. 48.09 45.31 58.42 .. .. .. .. .. 52.51 47.00 .. .. .. 75.25 73.37 70.32 40.73

.. 171.25 .. .. .. .. 140.81 .. .. .. .. .. 72.13 67.20 63.94 .. .. .. .. .. 60.64 .. .. .. .. 110.05 67.16 86.73 46.79

.. 178.69 .. .. .. .. 146.63 .. .. .. .. .. 83.21 81.25 78.92 .. .. .. .. .. 71.39 .. .. .. .. 109.84 78.79 99.67 56.31

.. 176.37 .. .. .. .. 149.81 .. .. .. .. .. 78.44 81.86 90.36 .. .. .. .. .. 75.69 .. .. .. .. 111.27 79.99 99.06 61.57

Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.48 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 4.9 Steam Coal Prices for Electricity Generation (US$/tce) 1978

1980

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

10.82 173.19 53.08 37.87 10.29 .. 51.74 .. 83.97 .. .. .. 41.32 90.60 .. .. .. 40.99 .. .. .. 31.26 4.30 42.60 50.00 .. .. 52.22 29.96 1997

14.48 176.96 62.51 48.63 11.54 55.86 77.80 56.31 100.08 .. .. .. 57.37 90.23 .. .. 33.26 63.99 .. .. 3.10 44.39 4.82 69.75 91.90 .. 49.88 91.69 36.39 1998

26.82 68.42 55.59 .. 19.88 .. 61.96 52.32 120.93 .. .. 48.61 58.57 110.44 .. .. 44.65 59.71 .. .. 8.00 57.80 8.30 .. 56.06 .. 33.10 92.84 38.09 1999

29.05 80.98 59.60 61.03 20.49 .. 72.35 57.35 141.95 .. .. 63.11 67.72 101.84 .. .. 48.19 71.37 .. .. 15.61 58.90 8.62 .. .. .. 31.85 96.27 38.52 2000

30.35 84.42 58.83 62.50 18.16 .. 68.79 52.77 136.62 .. .. 57.87 66.49 98.73 .. .. 55.05 72.51 .. .. 24.62 60.18 7.62 .. .. .. 40.08 94.93 38.29 2001

.. 91.71 61.34 61.15 20.59 .. 66.21 51.70 150.89 .. .. 56.69 72.20 95.46 .. .. 51.43 76.37 .. .. 25.19 53.99 8.59 .. .. .. 46.80 99.58 37.27 2002

.. 84.81 54.42 .. 21.28 .. 53.56 49.22 140.59 .. .. 46.09 66.87 95.23 .. .. 48.07 68.71 .. .. 31.21 45.15 .. .. .. .. 56.66 78.91 36.36 2003

.. 76.78 52.55 .. 22.79 .. 65.45 49.21 143.31 .. .. 46.30 64.15 89.60 .. .. 47.78 .. .. .. 41.39 44.63 .. .. .. .. 46.35 68.93 35.58 2004

.. .. 57.28 .. 26.48 .. 96.93 55.34 163.77 .. .. 53.27 65.27 92.24 .. .. 39.17 .. .. .. 43.84 50.80 .. .. .. .. 62.46 68.57 34.58 2005

.. .. 59.85 .. 27.10 .. 89.18 54.15 56.55 .. .. 57.53 67.66 87.90 .. .. 36.19 .. .. .. 42.01 51.69 .. .. .. .. 62.04 68.04 33.82 2006

Australia .. .. Austria .. .. Belgium 55.95 44.82 Canada .. .. Czech Republic 24.42 26.02 Denmark .. .. Finland 59.94 49.45 France 53.83 46.68 Germany 49.61 47.17 Greece .. .. Hungary .. .. Ireland 51.66 41.07 Italy 63.14 56.89 Japan 74.99 63.46 Korea .. .. Luxembourg .. .. Mexico 41.13 39.66 Netherlands .. .. New Zealand .. .. Norway .. .. Poland 40.91 44.68 Portugal 48.20 41.25 Slovak Republic 24.33 23.74 Spain .. .. Sweden .. .. Switzerland .. .. Turkey 54.68 55.64 United Kingdom 68.38 61.85 United States 33.40 32.86 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. .. 39.63 .. 26.43 .. 45.31 43.11 42.45 .. .. 34.88 .. 55.82 .. .. 44.02 .. .. .. 39.86 36.10 20.47 .. .. .. 54.01 58.21 31.92

.. 56.94 42.95 20.54 21.88 .. 44.40 41.98 42.94 .. .. 34.26 .. 51.44 .. .. 48.69 .. .. .. 38.69 34.67 .. .. .. .. 50.45 54.98 31.51

.. 48.41 49.46 21.27 22.09 .. 53.62 51.04 52.51 .. .. 39.99 .. 53.64 .. .. 51.94 .. .. .. 43.03 44.23 .. .. .. .. 35.93 57.52 32.33

.. 55.78 45.21 22.02 23.40 .. 50.59 48.35 46.27 .. .. 42.37 .. 49.75 .. .. 51.56 .. .. .. 44.17 37.06 .. .. .. .. 53.20 55.06 32.91

.. 68.29 47.13 24.15 .. .. 55.49 47.85 50.64 .. .. 40.16 .. .. .. .. 49.13 .. .. .. 49.63 44.00 .. .. .. .. 66.43 56.88 33.33

.. 151.88 95.02 23.34 .. .. 76.99 71.64 70.87 .. .. 75.99 .. .. 50.52 .. 56.83 .. .. .. 54.77 65.92 .. .. .. .. 90.65 73.96 35.48

.. 158.48 105.36 28.15 .. .. 82.82 84.57 80.73 .. .. 79.21 .. .. 58.45 .. 62.69 .. .. .. 65.19 77.51 .. .. .. .. 88.37 81.21 40.50

.. 156.77 82.93 .. .. .. 85.36 82.25 78.92 .. .. 69.22 .. .. 54.79 .. 64.79 .. .. .. 70.50 66.84 .. .. .. .. 86.87 86.79 44.24

Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.49

5. COAL FOR OTHER USES

NTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.51

Table 5.1 OECD Coal-Fired and Total Electricity Generating Capacity, 1990 to 2005 (GW) 1990 Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

23.02 1.89 4.90 19.24 12.11 7.54 5.79 14.23 42.73 3.89 2.24 .. 0.87 9.03 40.47 .. 0.09 1.20 3.77 1.09 0.05 25.99 1.47 .. 10.41 .. 0.01 5.58 41.17 307.96

Coal 2003 27.66 2.17 2.16 .. 11.42 6.33 7.90 .. .. 4.81 2.03 .. 0.87 13.78 56.52 16.41 .. 5.38 .. 1.15 0.07 28.22 1.99 1.76 .. 1.12 .. 8.70 28.88 338.08

2004

2005

1990

28.66 2.31 2.23 .. 11.50 6.40 7.90 .. .. 4.81 1.85 .. 2.45 12.35 53.61 19.69 .. 5.38 .. 1.16 0.07 28.24 1.99 1.79 .. 2.84 .. 8.75 28.88 337.78

28.89 2.25 4.09 .. 11.46 5.91 7.76 .. .. 4.81 1.51 .. 0.89 9.99 51.32 21.18 .. 5.38 .. 1.16 0.08 28.45 2.04 1.77 .. 2.76 .. 9.59 28.68 338.19

35.50 16.69 14.14 104.14 15.28 9.14 13.22 103.41 97.75 8.51 7.18 0.94 3.81 56.56 194.73 .. 1.24 28.27 17.56 7.18 27.13 27.97 7.40 .. 43.42 34.19 16.56 16.32 73.21 733.59

Total 2003 50.03 18.24 15.62 118.27 17.34 13.59 16.56 116.75 125.06 12.08 8.31 1.51 5.64 78.31 270.58 60.68 1.63 49.12 20.93 8.57 28.46 31.64 11.62 8.21 68.91 33.36 19.04 35.59 78.35 1031.69

2004

2005

50.78 18.62 15.65 120.46 17.43 13.34 16.57 117.02 124.57 12.43 8.63 1.51 5.80 81.34 275.27 64.53 1.66 51.12 21.83 8.92 27.96 31.89 12.71 8.28 69.43 33.70 19.08 36.82 80.40 1049.61

50.62 18.91 16.10 121.52 17.41 13.35 16.47 116.98 125.03 13.31 8.59 1.54 6.27 85.50 277.32 66.54 1.66 51.07 21.80 8.88 28.42 32.26 13.39 8.26 74.95 33.39 19.12 38.84 81.86 1067.01

Source: IEA/OECD Electricity Information 2007 Note: Includes multi-fired units. Note: Includes autoproducers for all countries except Japan. Note: For further information, see Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.52 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Table 5.2 OECD Coal Use for Electricity Production and Heat Sold (Mtce)

1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

19.7 1.2 3.9 11.9 11.9 2.3 1.7 14.8 104.1 2.0 5.8 0.9 1.9 17.1 0.5 0.4 0.1 1.1 0.5 57.0 0.3 2.7 4.3 0.1 1.8 65.0 309.9

28.8 1.2 5.5 21.5 16.7 8.0 4.9 24.4 115.8 3.8 6.9 0.8 6.0 15.0 1.2 0.2 2.6 0.2 79.1 0.1 4.1 11.2 0.1 2.7 73.9 417.2

33.7 1.7 5.3 28.3 17.8 9.7 4.5 16.0 124.1 6.9 6.0 1.2 9.9 29.3 6.9 0.2 0.9 5.3 0.3 85.2 0.3 4.1 17.2 1.9 6.0 60.4 503.5

41.1 2.4 6.6 28.5 21.4 8.1 4.8 12.2 120.0 9.8 5.3 2.7 11.3 36.6 8.5 0.2 2.5 8.7 0.3 76.9 2.9 3.4 20.3 1.6 8.1 69.0 559.1

44.2 2.0 6.4 29.7 21.6 8.7 6.0 9.9 105.7 10.1 4.3 3.0 8.8 51.7 16.9 0.1 4.8 9.3 0.4 60.5 4.2 3.0 22.1 1.4 11.1 51.9 625.6

60.3 2.1 4.7 38.5 20.7 5.2 4.9 10.6 98.5 11.7 4.3 2.7 10.0 69.2 33.7 6.8 8.2 0.9 56.3 4.6 2.4 26.6 1.1 14.4 39.1 716.9

61.1 2.5 4.0 37.9 21.2 5.6 6.3 8.1 100.5 12.1 4.0 3.0 11.7 73.7 37.4 8.3 8.8 1.1 56.8 4.2 2.8 23.6 1.2 14.5 45.1 697.1

63.7 2.3 4.0 37.2 20.8 5.7 7.1 9.0 100.9 11.9 3.8 2.9 13.2 78.5 40.3 8.5 8.7 1.1 54.9 4.7 2.3 27.3 1.4 12.2 42.5 699.1

62.6 2.8 3.8 36.4 20.6 7.9 9.8 9.8 101.5 12.1 3.9 2.6 14.3 83.2 44.9 9.6 9.1 1.7 57.6 4.5 2.8 25.1 1.5 11.8 46.6 706.3

63.5 2.9 3.3 33.4 20.5 5.9 8.6 9.2 103.3 12.4 3.7 2.4 16.7 85.9 47.6 7.9 8.5 1.9 56.7 4.6 2.6 25.7 1.5 12.5 44.7 708.1

70.0 2.6 3.4 33.8 20.6 4.9 4.8 10.4 96.6 12.4 3.1 2.7 16.4 90.0 47.3 10.2 8.0 2.2 56.6 4.7 2.5 25.7 1.3 13.8 44.0 722.6

IEA Europe OECD Europe IEA North America OECD North America OECD/IEA Pacific

223.6 283.4 321.7 321.8 37.8

284.8 368.0 438.7 438.7 45.3

294.3 383.6 531.8 532.7 70.2

315.7 395.9 587.7 590.1 86.6

286.4 349.9 655.3 660.1 113.3

269.6 328.3 755.4 762.3 164.0

276.4 335.9 734.9 743.2 173.3

278.5 335.7 736.3 744.9 183.6

287.7 348.2 742.7 752.3 192.4

286.6 345.9 741.6 749.5 199.0

275.4 334.5 756.4 766.6 209.5

583.2 768.7 896.3 989.9 IEA Total 643.0 852.0 986.5 1072.6 OECD Total Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1055.0 1123.3

1189.0 1254.6

1184.6 1252.4

1198.4 1264.2

1222.8 1292.8

1227.1 1294.4

1241.3 1310.6

Source: For further information, see Principles and Definitions. Note: "Coal" refers to all coal types, primary (including hard and brown coal), peat and derived fuels (including patent fuel, coke Note: oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, BKB, coke oven gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been Note: converted to Mtce units using calorific values largely submitted in annual questionnaires to the IEA Secretariat by OECD Note: Member Countries.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.53

Table 5.3 OECD Coal Use in Coke Ovens (million tonnes)

1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

9.5 2.3 9.9 7.7 18.6 15.3 46.3 0.5 1.6 10.4 62.3 0.4 2.8 3.4 0.4 21.6 0.4 2.8 6.4 0.7 2.0 24.0 87.3

7.0 2.4 7.9 7.3 12.2 14.6 38.7 0.4 1.4 11.2 65.7 4.0 4.0 3.7 0.4 25.3 0.3 2.1 5.2 1.7 2.6 13.5 60.5

5.5 2.4 7.8 6.3 10.6 11.3 31.5 0.9 10.1 67.6 7.0 3.8 4.1 0.4 20.5 0.4 2.5 4.9 1.6 3.7 9.7 37.2

5.9 2.3 7.2 5.0 8.5 0.7 9.5 24.1 1.0 8.6 67.2 11.7 2.9 3.8 18.2 0.3 2.9 4.5 1.5 4.7 10.1 35.3

5.9 1.9 4.7 4.2 6.6 1.7 7.7 13.7 1.4 6.7 64.3 14.1 2.7 4.0 15.4 0.5 2.4 3.3 1.6 4.2 8.1 29.9

4.8 1.9 3.9 4.2 4.6 1.3 6.5 11.4 1.3 6.4 62.5 16.4 2.7 3.0 12.3 0.5 2.2 3.6 1.8 4.2 8.2 26.0

4.4 1.9 3.9 4.2 4.7 1.3 6.9 9.0 0.9 6.1 62.3 15.6 2.5 3.1 12.2 0.1 2.2 3.5 1.9 3.6 7.1 23.7

4.3 1.9 3.7 4.2 4.6 1.3 6.4 8.9 0.6 5.4 64.7 15.4 1.8 3.0 11.9 2.3 3.6 1.7 3.5 5.8 21.5

4.7 1.9 3.6 4.2 4.6 1.3 6.1 9.5 0.8 4.9 64.6 15.6 1.8 3.1 13.8 2.4 3.6 1.7 4.0 5.7 19.6

5.1 1.9 3.6 4.4 4.6 1.3 5.9 10.3 0.8 4.8 63.9 16.0 1.8 3.1 13.6 2.4 3.9 1.8 4.3 5.5 18.9

5.4 1.9 3.4 4.3 4.3 1.3 5.8 10.2 0.8 5.1 64.3 15.4 1.8 3.2 11.2 2.4 3.6 1.8 4.2 5.6 18.4

IEA Total 309.2 260.8 223.1 212.0 OECD Total 336.3 292.1 249.8 236.1 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

184.6 205.1

172.4 189.6

164.3 181.2

160.5 176.5

159.5 177.5

160.2 178.0

158.8 174.3

Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

Source: For further information, see Principles and Definitions.

Table 5.4 World Consumption of Pulverised Coal Injection (PCI) Coals 2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

975 2033 2530 941 5845 3031 1045 352 543 271 451 2500e 231 2111

933 1840 2224 714 5965 3741 1207 488 575 442 683 2425e 231 2119

744 2061 2287 697 5852 4610 1235 404 495 398 665 1988 215 2328

646 1989 3060 771 5938 4933 1330 380 354 363 815 1850 336 2428

591 2103 2641 955 5551 5001e 1406 385 405 423 819 1733 231 2059

479 2166 2770 1154 5620 5481 1472 377 493 417 983 1284 233 2161

9560 18781 19886 23269 23151 23527 24288 24665 25973 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

25100

25852

Total

1996

1997

414 1085 1730 170 3233 .. 619 178 .. 182 655 183 487 ..

777 1694 1657 1018e 5204 2291 1000 328 .. 185 580 3044 328 ..

904 1708 2034 1099e 5464 2303 1166 267 221 191 607 3001 255 65

(thousand tonnes) 1998 1999

2000

Belgium France Germany Italy Japan Korea Netherlands Slovakia Spain Sweden United Kingdom United States Colombia India

1990

998 1746 2221 1058 5735 2433 1207 284 384 262 559 2981 356 2397

1022 1956 2284 972e 5729 2554 1167 320 496 285 482 2731e 231 2237

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.55

6. CHARTS

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.57

Chart 1: World Steam and Coking Coal Production (million tonnes) 6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 Hard Coal

Steam Coal

Coking Coal

Chart 2: World Steam and Coking Coal Trade (million tonnes)

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0 1978

1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

Steam Coal Exports

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006e

Coking Coal Exports

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.58 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Chart 3: Coking Coal Price CIF Japan and CIF EU Member States (US$/t)

150

130

110

90

70

50

30 1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

1992

CIF Japan

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2000

2002

2004

2006

CIF EU Member States

Chart 4: Steam Coal Price CIF Japan and CIF EU Member States (US$/t)

75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990 CIF Japan

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

1992

1994

1996

1998

CIF EU Member States

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.59

Chart 5: Steam Coal Price US FOB vs. US Domestic (US$/t)

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 US Domestic

US FOB

Chart 6: Steam Coal Price CIF EU Member States (US$/t) and US Exports (million tonnes)

45

80

40

70 60

30 50 25 40

US$/t

Million tonnes

35

20 30 15 20

10

10

5 0 1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

1992

US Export volume

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

0 2006

CIF EU Member States

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.60 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Chart 7: OECD Total Primary Energy Supply (Mtce)

9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 1973

1980 Coal

1990 Oil

2003 Gas

2004

Nuclear

2005

Hydro

2006e

Others

Chart 8: OECD Coal Consumption and Indicators 2000=100

120

100

80

60

40

20

0 1973

1976

1979

1982

1985

1988

1991

1994

GDP

Industrial Production

Coal Supply

Electricity Generation

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

1997

2000 Total TPES

2003

2006e

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.61

Chart 9: Japan Steam Coal Supply, Imports, GDP Annual Growth Rates 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% -5% -10% -15% 1990

1992

1994

1996

Steam Coal Import

1998

2000

2002

Steam Coal Supply

2004

2006e

GDP

Chart 10: EU Member States Steam Coal Supply, Imports, GDP Annual Growth Rates

25%

5%

20% 4%

% change

10%

3%

5% 2% 0% -5%

1%

% change GDP

15%

-10% 0% -15% -20% 1990

1992

1994

1996

Steam Coal Import

1998

2000

Steam Coal Supply

2002

2004

-1% 2006e

GDP

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

II.62 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II

Chart 11: Hard Coal Production by Region (million tonnes)

5500 5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1982

1984 Europe

1986

1988

Former USSR

1990

1992

North America

1994

1996

Latin America

1998

2000

Asia

2002

Aus. + N.Z.

2004

2006e

Africa

Chart 12: Hard Coal Consumption by Region (million tonnes) 5500 5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1982

1984 Europe

1986

1988

Former USSR

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

1990

1992

North America

1994

1996

Latin America

1998 Asia

2000

2002

Aus. + N.Z.

2004 Africa

2006e

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART II - II.63

Chart 13: Hard Coal Imports by Region (million tonnes) 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1982

1984 Europe

1986

1988

1990

Former USSR

1992

North America

1994

1996

Latin America

1998 Asia

2000

2002

Aus. + N.Z.

2004

2006e

Africa

Chart 14: Hard Coal Exports by Region (million tonnes) 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1982

1984 Europe

1986

1988

Former USSR

1990

1992

North America

1994

1996

Latin America

1998 Asia

2000

2002

Aus. + N.Z.

2004

2006e

Africa

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.1

PART III DETAILED OECD COAL DATA

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.3

DIRECTORY OF PART III CHARTS AND TABLES Part III of Coal Information contains detailed statistical information on coal for all 30 Member countries of the OECD and for regional aggregates (OECD Total, OECD North America, OECD/IEA Pacific, OECD Europe, IEA Total, IEA North America, IEA Europe). The charts and tables of regional aggregates are presented before the country tables which are set out in alphabetical order. Data for each OECD and IEA region and country are illustrated in charts at the beginning of each section. This is followed by detailed statistical information presented in several tables for each region and country. It should be noted that not all tables are shown for all countries. For example, in the case where a country has no or very few coal exports, the related tables (on volumes and values) are omitted. The content of current charts and tables is described below.

Charts: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Total Primary Energy Supply by Fuel Coal Supply Indicators Primary Coal Supply Coal Consumption Electricity Generation by Fuel CO2 Emissions by Fuel

Tables: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES) by Fuel Energy Supply, GDP and Population Coal Production by Type Final Consumption of Energy by Fuel Coal Balance Use of Coal for Selected End-Uses Fuel Prices to End Users Coal Trade by Type of Coal Hard Coal Imports by Origin Coking Coal Exports by Destination Steam Coal Exports by Destination Coal Import Values by Origin Coal Export Values by Destination

Interpreting energy data and comparing statistics between countries is made difficult by differences in definitions used by countries in the collection and reporting of data. In the section Principles and Definitions such differences are explained. The conventions used by the Secretariat in presenting energy data are also reported. In particular, readers are strongly advised to read the country notes. Conversion factors are also included for reference.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.5

SPECIAL NOTES FOR CHARTS AND TABLES Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel

In each table Hard coal is the sum of Coking coal and Steam coal. Data for 2006 are provisional with the exception of Tables 7, 12 and 13 where data for 2006 are final. US$ refers to dollars used in the United States of America.

Units: All data shown are in million tonnes of CO2 (Sectoral Approach).

Chart 1: Total Primary Energy Supply by Fuel

Table 1: Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES) by Fuel

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics and Energy Balances of OECD Countries.

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries.

Units: All data shown are in millions tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce).

Source: IEA/OECD CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion.

Units: All data shown are in million tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce).

Table 2: Energy Supply, GDP and Population

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries.

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics and Energy Balances of OECD Countries.

Units: GDP is shown in billions of 2000 US$, TPES/GDP is tce/thousands 2000 US$. Population is shown in millions, TPES/population in tce/capita. Electricity generation is shown in TWh. All other flows are indices, with base year 2000 = 100.

Units: All flows shown are indices with base year 1970=100.

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics and Energy Balances of OECD Countries. Units: All data shown are in millions tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce).

Chart 4: Coal Consumption Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics and Energy Balances of OECD Countries. Units: All data shown are in millions tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce).

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics and Energy Balances of OECD Countries. Units: All data shown are in terawatt hours (TWh).

Table 3: Coal Production by Type Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries. Units: First part of table is shown in Mtce; second part is the corresponding amount in million tonnes. Country specific net calorific values are used for conversion.

Table 4: Final Consumption of Energy by Fuel and Table 5: Coal Balance Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries. Units: All data shown are in million tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce).

Table 6: Use of Coal for Selected End-Uses Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries. Units: All data shown are in millions tonnes.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.6 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Table 7: Fuel Prices to End Users Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes. Units: First part of table is shown in nominal United States Dollars per tce. Second part of table is shown in a country specific national currency or nominal US Dollars for regional totals per unit (for coals and oils per metric tonnes, for natural gas per 107 kilocalories GCV). Note: Prices for regional totals are calculated as weighted average of available price data in the region and therefore prices shown should be considered only indicative. Consumption is used as weight. Data are converted from unit prices to tce using the country specific calorific values.

Table 8: Coal Trade by Type of Coal Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries. Units: All data shown are in millions tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce).

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

Table 9: Hard Coal Imports by Origin, Table 10: Coking Coal Exports by Destination and Table 11: Steam Coal Exports by Destination Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics. Units: All data shown are in thousand tonnes.

Table 12: Coal Import Values by Origin and Table 13: Coal Export Values by Destination Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics. Units: Average Unit price in US$ per tonne. CIF price for imports and FOB price for exports. Note: On occasion shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import or export costs.

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.7

OECD Total* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

9000

120

8000 100 7000 80

6000 5000

60

4000 40

3000 2000

20

1000 0 1970

1975

1980

Coal

Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

1975

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) 1800

1600

1600

1400

1400

1200

1200

1000

1000

800

800

600

600

400

400

200

200

12000

1975

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

1800

0 1970

1980

2005

0 1970

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 14000 12000

10000

10000

8000

8000 6000 6000 4000 4000 2000 0 1970 Coal

2000

1975 Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.8 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD Total 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 5375.28 5824.07 6464.99 Coal 1204.79 1373.13 1518.77 Oil 2847.33 2801.92 2713.49 Gas 1008.33 1111.92 1200.82 Comb. Renew/Waste 122.91 155.47 201.14 Nuclear 70.31 231.79 642.87 Hydro 112.09 133.26 143.73 Geothermal 8.68 14.55 38.59 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.07 0.10 2.67 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.77 1.93 2.88 Heat(2) 0.03 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

7609.10 1561.57 3093.59 1652.27 250.33 835.63 161.97 44.61 8.23 0.38 0.54

7864.85 1616.77 3196.03 1707.70 268.92 863.36 155.66 39.41 14.26 2.10 0.64

7925.14 1614.68 3212.86 1730.63 277.70 873.47 156.09 40.41 16.47 2.13 0.71

7907.16 1619.65 3158.27 1737.43 292.05 876.30 158.07 43.88 19.23 1.60 0.68

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.09 1.37 -0.28 1.03 2.94 13.90 1.47 9.17 24.04 8.03 -

1.37 0.41 1.13 2.47 2.17 2.06 0.55 0.31 12.89 -1.98 24.14

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

12147 14689 19901 25660 27671 28394 0.44 0.40 0.32 0.30 0.28 0.28 Population (millions) 902.1 964.6 1043.7 1130.3 1164.1 1171.5 TPES/population(1) 5.96 6.04 6.19 6.73 6.76 6.76 TPES/GDP(2) 149.2 133.7 109.5 100.0 95.9 94.1 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 163.0 153.6 125.4 100.0 96.0 93.4 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 96.5 100.6 99.8 100.0 98.6 98.3 Elec. Generation (TWh) 4454 5644 7570 9591 10124 10393 Industrial Production(2) .. 62.1 78.1 100.0 102.8 105.1 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

29246 0.27 1178.5 6.71 91.2 91.0 .. 10428 ..

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.95 -1.80 0.86 0.23 -1.80 -1.53 0.20 3.17 -

2.40 -1.01 0.77 0.59 -1.01 -1.94 -0.10 2.14 2.00

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

251.90 772.89 213.08 2.30

275.78 869.56 230.25 2.67

251.12 986.96 267.03 5.06

228.76 943.45 208.37 3.48

224.61 973.93 209.38 3.12

233.64 987.54 207.20 4.67

232.30 1002.11 207.17 5.73

-0.03 2.06 1.90 6.79

-0.48 0.00 -1.68 -0.54

Mt: Coking Coal 258.23 281.27 254.12 235.95 233.28 243.92 242.27 Steam Coal 930.00 1054.65 1201.55 1158.63 1229.14 1243.25 1267.79 Brown Coal 666.16 699.43 806.57 614.12 613.47 620.78 620.22 Peat 8.05 9.34 14.93 10.59 9.44 13.84 16.85 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-0.13 2.16 1.61 5.28

-0.27 0.23 -1.73 -0.50

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.9

OECD Total 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

4055.88 408.13 2300.98 736.48 118.56 0.51 461.64 29.59

4234.18 355.31 2283.54 814.07 147.30 0.73 0.04 582.27 50.93

4485.86 327.39 2344.89 842.19 126.39 2.96 2.04 782.38 57.62

5264.03 192.29 2740.74 1061.83 184.51 3.98 4.41 1011.04 65.23

5372.07 182.36 2797.95 1068.86 177.60 4.66 4.29 1051.75 84.61

5473.53 189.86 2857.34 1068.37 184.37 4.64 4.29 1074.54 90.13

5503.98 180.25 2856.72 1057.31 191.38 4.94 4.35 1099.76 109.28

0.59 -1.29 0.11 0.79 0.38 10.94 3.15 4.00

1.37 -3.90 1.32 1.53 2.80 3.46 5.16 2.30 4.36

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

1363.66 256.12 443.91 362.46 60.03 0.04 225.58 15.52

1348.83 226.48 402.47 362.35 70.11 0.04 265.33 22.05

1175.36 224.88 244.71 320.48 50.68 0.38 0.01 314.54 19.68

1280.82 164.30 207.27 400.68 97.72 0.44 0.14 391.19 19.08

1225.12 156.34 199.84 378.30 85.75 0.42 0.17 371.08 33.21

1246.01 161.26 205.41 378.09 90.15 0.42 0.18 377.79 32.71

1229.31 153.01 204.71 364.32 93.03 0.42 0.18 380.38 33.25

-0.87 -0.76 -3.44 -0.72 -0.99 13.75 1.97 1.41

0.30 -2.53 -1.18 0.86 4.13 0.67 20.00 1.28 3.56

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

1029.48 10.30 987.34 24.28

1158.13 3.64 1121.92 23.92

1414.29 0.40 1376.18 26.68

1744.48 0.14 1694.48 30.86

1799.82 0.10 1746.55 29.32

1836.33 0.11 1780.59 28.60

1855.44 0.14 1794.06 30.83

1.89 -17.38 1.97 0.56

1.83 -6.60 1.78 0.97

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.00 7.55 782.48 95.33 283.85 220.01

0.00 8.64 789.48 83.53 211.24 256.09

0.00 11.03 847.74 63.90 172.66 286.17

5.78 13.22 983.57 19.40 184.01 367.99

10.17 13.68 1017.63 15.27 180.64 393.33

13.09 13.95 1014.48 15.99 174.33 389.79

16.38 14.02 1032.57 16.47 170.08 391.28

-1.94 2.25 0.47 -2.33 -2.88 1.56

x 1.61 1.32 -8.64 -0.10 2.11

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

38.88 0.42 132.92 11.07 407.69 24.34 187.63 104.05

41.23 0.64 0.04 177.30 19.42 421.20 26.26 152.16 114.58

53.89 1.38 1.91 240.89 26.92 504.16 22.87 121.54 144.59

73.25 2.22 3.99 304.10 28.61 615.43 4.36 115.83 187.68

74.13 2.71 3.84 325.90 21.82 652.37 6.22 121.35 197.67

73.36 2.70 3.82 333.04 21.46 659.98 7.53 116.72 200.29

73.98 2.96 3.86 351.80 22.14 663.58 5.97 112.44 204.27

1.94 7.32 3.56 5.36 1.26 -0.37 -2.52 1.95

2.13 5.19 4.79 2.56 -1.30 1.85 -8.56 -0.52 2.33

Comb. Renew/Waste 1.16 1.54 0.50 Geothermal 0.02 0.02 0.10 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.09 Electricity 89.29 123.43 206.18 Heat 1.21 3.21 8.29 Non-Energy Use 315.96 334.54 409.70 Coal 4.42 3.27 3.16 Oil 303.63 307.18 356.42 Gas 7.90 24.10 50.12 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

3.70 0.67 0.17 292.09 10.93 523.12 2.14 463.11 57.88

5.33 0.86 0.23 310.19 10.52 531.81 2.52 476.46 52.83

5.65 0.85 0.25 318.83 9.86 559.10 2.65 502.64 53.82

5.58 0.91 0.25 323.91 10.23 552.11 2.47 498.08 51.56

-4.78 10.56 5.05 12.01 1.54 -1.96 0.95 11.48

17.39 15.87 7.15 3.06 1.41 2.01 -1.62 2.26 0.19

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.10 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD Total 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

1169.0 173.9 -158.7 20.6

1378.2 236.0 -215.8 -25.3

1510.2 313.3 -283.3 -21.4

1384.1 425.6 -306.1 57.9

1411.0 519.3 -319.1 5.5

1433.1 508.4 -330.2 3.4

1447.3 528.5 -328.4 -27.8

1.5 3.5 3.5 x

-0.3 3.3 1.0 x

Primary Supply

1204.8

1373.1

1518.8

1561.6

1616.8

1614.7

1619.7

1.4

0.4

Statistical Difference

25.3

-12.6

11.3

7.0

-23.9

-17.8

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-784.9

-977.0

-1180.9

-1356.3

-1384.6

-1398.8

..

2.4

1.1

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-643.0 -617.8 -25.2

-852.0 -786.2 -65.8

-1072.6 -999.9 -72.7

-1254.6 -1200.2 -54.3

-1294.4 -1244.8 -49.6

-1310.6 -1264.7 -45.9

.. .. ..

3.1 2.9 6.4

1.3 1.6 -3.0

-12.0

-8.4

-6.3

-3.6

-3.3

-3.5

..

-3.7

-4.0

-129.9 2.2 -93.2 -38.2 -0.7

-116.7 1.4 -79.5 -38.6 0.1

-101.9 -1.1 -75.6 -20.6 -4.6

-98.1 -0.3 -78.4 -19.4 -0.0

-87.0 -0.3 -75.5 -16.9 5.7

-84.7 -0.4 -73.3 -17.8 6.8

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.4 -1.2 -3.6 11.6

-1.2 -6.5 -0.2 -1.0 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

-

-

-33.7

-26.7

-21.0

-18.9

-17.2

-16.4

..

-2.8

-1.6

-3.3

-1.5

-0.8

-1.1

-1.3

-1.4

..

x

x

408.1

355.3

327.4

192.3

189.9

180.3

..

-1.3

-3.9

256.1 133.2 26.4 20.3 11.6

226.5 106.1 24.7 32.1 11.2

224.9 87.4 27.9 41.3 16.1

164.3 61.8 18.1 35.7 8.2

161.3 60.9 16.3 32.6 10.9

153.0 55.0 16.9 30.5 10.9

.. .. .. .. ..

-0.8 -2.4 0.3 4.3 2.0

-2.5 -3.0 -3.3 -2.0 -2.5

10.3

3.6

0.4

0.1

0.1

0.1

..

-17.4

-6.6

137.3 24.3 95.3

121.9 26.3 83.5

98.9 22.9 63.9

25.7 4.4 19.4

25.8 7.5 16.0

24.6 6.0 16.5

.. .. ..

-1.9 -0.4 -2.3

-8.9 -8.6 -8.6

Non-energy Use 4.4 3.3 3.2 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

2.1

2.7

2.5

..

-2.0

-1.6

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.11

OECD Total 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

940.11 701.37 651.67 49.70 25.20 27.71 0.01 2.99 92.99 9.59 13.82 27.16 9.02 33.41 57.64 0.08

1050.03 809.95 758.04 51.90 26.38 27.55 0.01 2.55 101.63 8.43 17.07 33.86 9.62 32.65 55.46 0.11

1225.38 1010.23 961.19 49.04 22.83 24.18 4.39 0.57 118.67 7.99 22.55 41.79 15.79 30.55 35.26 0.33

1370.66 1237.51 1204.43 33.08 2.06 13.25 10.46 100.71 8.14 17.54 36.53 8.54 29.97 18.20 0.36

1427.40 1200.68 1171.76 28.92 103.96 13.35 9.81 94.34 8.22 15.06 33.05 10.83 27.17 16.39 0.34

1477.78 1212.06 1182.44 29.62 109.46 12.76 9.64 96.80 10.01 14.07 32.86 10.88 28.97 17.77 0.49

1498.84 1228.65 1201.76 26.89 122.37 13.23 9.53 94.96 9.21 15.28 31.04 11.24 28.20 16.95 0.42

2.23 3.09 3.29 -0.11 -0.82 -1.13 75.90 -12.89 2.05 -1.51 4.17 3.66 4.78 -0.74 -4.01 12.80

1.35 1.31 1.50 -3.93 11.84 -3.94 5.30 -1.47 0.95 -2.56 -1.96 -2.24 -0.53 -4.77 1.54

266.96 7.14 6.19 0.95 250.17 5.74 0.26 0.07 0.01 0.00 0.18 0.28 -

283.48 10.83 9.59 1.25 264.53 0.29 5.40 0.24 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.21 0.33 -

237.35 18.23 14.32 3.91 211.88 4.69 0.10 2.14 1.63 0.01 0.49 0.16 -

205.48 13.37 10.17 3.20 176.38 10.72 2.59 0.18 0.00 0.02 2.39 0.10 0.23

195.29 14.07 11.70 2.38 2.42 164.15 13.40 0.99 0.26 0.01 0.72 0.21 0.18

199.93 13.99 11.41 2.58 2.60 165.24 13.16 0.62 0.32 0.02 0.28 0.12 0.19

189.73 12.70 10.73 1.97 2.90 161.03 13.93 0.79 0.21 0.01 0.57 0.13 0.22

-0.97 8.12 7.23 12.52 -1.37 -28.89 19.25 30.02 13.00 8.98 -4.53 -

-1.48 -2.38 -1.90 -4.48 -1.81 7.54 -6.43 -12.90 0.50 0.96 -1.58 -

666.47 700.63 815.59 427.96 456.10 609.00 410.91 435.18 580.39 17.05 20.91 28.61 137.19 142.64 111.07 6.40 6.34 8.47 51.14 50.46 42.05 1.12 1.44 1.40 14.39 15.72 10.98 1.65 1.67 1.65 4.51 4.63 2.06 29.47 26.99 25.97 28.94 37.01 39.69 Non-energy use 0.83 0.82 0.67 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

624.65 581.50 572.95 8.56 13.13 0.00 7.02 15.68 0.22 3.37 0.65 0.57 10.88 8.07 0.16

631.06 585.60 577.30 8.31 12.50 0.00 7.07 13.45 0.47 2.99 0.44 0.54 9.02 7.65 0.18

622.02 579.33 571.23 8.10 12.77 0.00 6.38 11.87 0.09 3.21 0.30 0.36 7.91 9.22 0.19

633.80 592.37 584.29 8.08 13.33 0.00 6.88 9.49 0.09 3.23 0.30 0.50 5.38 7.81 0.21

1.70 2.98 2.92 4.41 -1.74 2.36 -1.62 1.91 -2.23 -0.02 -6.32 -1.05 2.67 -1.78

-1.67 -0.18 0.04 -8.08 -13.18 -1.37 -9.45 -16.72 -7.84 -10.76 -9.07 -9.97 -10.27 -7.58

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.12 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD Total 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(US Dollars / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal .. Coking Coal .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. Natural Gas .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

173.89 144.69 .. .. 5.30 23.90

235.98 209.71 124.69 85.01 5.74 20.54

313.30 294.18 140.67 153.50 5.20 13.93

425.64 399.40 136.09 263.31 4.76 21.49

457.79 431.50 131.11 300.39 6.23 20.06

483.97 456.87 127.86 329.01 6.45 20.64

519.31 490.36 137.83 352.53 4.77 24.17

508.42 483.00 133.63 349.37 6.31 19.12

528.52 502.99 150.78 352.21 7.07 18.46

Total Exports 158.67 215.81 283.29 306.08 297.85 300.87 319.10 Hard Coal 131.78 188.15 261.72 292.12 284.03 287.33 300.75 Coking Coal .. 120.16 149.17 162.73 152.22 154.65 160.07 Steam Coal .. 67.99 112.55 129.39 131.81 132.68 140.68 Brown Coal / Lignite 1.44 4.58 4.32 1.33 1.11 0.68 0.70 Peat 0.00 0.12 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 Coal Products(1) 25.46 23.08 17.13 12.57 12.66 12.81 17.61 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

330.17 312.74 177.03 135.71 0.83 0.05 16.55

328.41 309.53 171.83 137.70 1.05 0.04 17.79

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.13

OECD Total 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1) Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

165001 e 217820 e 307323 e 438842 e 475108 e 502631 e 539210 e 535797 e 557175 97943 29796 11598 909 10948 6619 79 25075 116 420 2566 5249 e 4568 67058 e 4556 970 243 6716 16292 e 2285 9296 980

534 11967 3012 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 10207 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

121630 32520 11811 1072 8326 5055 66 48999 252 979 3347 4890 e 4313

135933 49608 16250 774 3141 2570 65 43205 305

e 138570 e 133810 e 130279 e 140316 e 135845 e 153448 e 67156 e 68030 66120 68627 65861 78554 e 17972 e 15175 13501 14048 15014 19540 3388 e 3419 e 4059 3656 3366 4541 2 8 108 289 2 3125 e 2599 e 2755 2955 3250 4076 36 5 6 e 24037 e 14619 e 13991 e 18097 e 19321 e 17126 398 695 461 419 467 1051

2803 177 714 3213 e 8569 e 4539

9557 e 140 6327 e 991 4825 e 26 454 80 92 e

14806 120 e 7274 612 5010 e 164 1117 162

13777 374 e 7716 432 5380 512 1109 56

14634 287 9194 456 6055 613 969 193

10094 192 e 9842 320 6330 548 872 73

7641 241 11757 55 7611 336 596 20 301

96190 e 171390 e 300272 e 341298 e 372352 e 398894 e 399952 e 403727 9137 34664 e 77808 e 83225 e 92659 e 96948 99577 91160 1099 9885 e 10649 e 8430 7529 6191 6603 3531 255 327 e 2393 e 2385 e 1814 1801 1004 968 4145 2124 e 437 589 e 329 e 551 573 513 17258 e 13084 e 18591 e 18226 e 16251 e 16309 15552 14612 4184 2428 e 593 406 e 420 e 352 298 167 24092 35894 e 18101 e 13372 e 11482 e 15678 e 10952 e 11017 1406 3686 e 4308 e 3374 4465 e 3346 3562 2963 1503 9 21112 2638 9352

6287 10450 1000 33156 9517 1752 150 6986

e e e e

e e

34741 e 29234 23066 e 46319 e 20887 e 896 e 5041 1573 e 5635

51642 e 30830 e 31839 54799 29831 e 2717 e 5777 e 2524 1332 e

52234 e 38773 e 36060 59071 35817 e 1722 e 8887 e 3201 e 1638 e

42664 41656 e 47192 e 55933 52020 e 2440 e 6155 e 3591 6067

34719 e 47187 e 52464 e 53091 59315 e 3197 e 5169 e 2698 3992

30823 47400 64633 54877 65743 3092 5200 2755 4273

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.14 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD Total 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1) Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

1980

1990

2000

91030 e 119031

151443

169287

2002

e 112261 .. e 664 e 3835 5694 .. 143 47 9186 1916 412 .. 6 198 9285 56274 4260 1 28 e 3516 .. 252 .. 305 e 4345 2889 e 1196 99 796 2569 ..

e 123887 .. e 785 e 7345 4018 .. e 50 127 8301 761 .. .. 28 1 8576 55617 7961 .. 3 e 5175 .. 99 .. 765 e 3681 4265 e 1568 3 2869 7436 772

e 129631 122 e 1844 4583 3501 214 1005 6670 e 4891 1075 48 4 7451 52886 15305 1406 e 4745 95 538 198 e 1570 4616 2128 46 3954 8626 540

113850 1798 3273 4277 468 5 1110 6102 3502 17 499 87 3 4957 50423 10168 2 1386 6152 129 306 1625 4041 1397 2812 6022 1664

7748 2121 1186 218 .. 232 .. 1348 521 951 69 722

11927 3490 1196 1021 .. 490 .. 1120 808 1663 168 1067

27055 7618 3155 1009 .. 4895 50 3815 1068 1372 1823 1228

37792 10695 7713 1211 10795 56 505 1825 1869 1316 1806

34714 8335 5087 1565 12 12554 118 151 3048 1563 1668 613

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

92

5204

3435

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2004

2005

2006e

157908 e 160526 e 168593 e 186603 e 180959

88788 .. 813 3468 5410 .. .. .. 7661 714 191 .. .. .. 6868 42951 2503 286 10 2971 .. 68 .. 265 5126 1888 769 18 498 1027 157

Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

2003

e 113952 1856 e 2582 3263 411 e 1214 e 6085 e 3430 541 83 2 e 5123 e 49741 e 10710 e 1821 e 5980 139 399 2010 e 4367 1341 e 3141 e 6291 e 1412

e 120818 1713 e 2733 3431 462 20 e 1090 e 5746 e 3862 553 385 82 5 e 4607 e 50154 e 13986 e 1704 e 7461 32 572 88 2308 e 4220 1777 22 e 3139 e 6449 e 1909

e 133390 1753 e 3414 4034 523 e 1181 e 5535 e 4372 e 449 57 15 e 6494 e 54450 e 17954 e 1582 e 8055 18 592 1909 e 4598 1690 e 3599 e 7366 e 1841

e 125214 1547 e 3590 4134 915 e 1172 e 5060 e 4631 673 19 1 e 6506 e 52960 e 12277 e 2125 e 9336 1570 953 e 3678 1596 e 3357 e 6609 e 1552

e e e e

e e e e

e e e e

e e e e

e

e e e

10969 e

39500 9602 4901 1765 14126 161 260 3028 2004 2652 1001

e e e e

9084 e

44048 8779 6749 1157 14395 311 2735 2050 6447 1197 6263

e

e e e

51677 8376 8365 1414 18520 129 593 3184 2381 6363 1667 4130

e e e

51812 9288 8937 1392 17351 194 146 2693 2455 3958 3166 7118

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.15

OECD Total 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes)

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

65973

78163

124265

146187

80590 2 14 3536 10083 .. 4885 206 3657 2868 .. .. 33 1790 4544 30430 4243 3 188 8516 1 401 1 1572 198 746 308 80 15 1847 225

e 123702 1643 1509 13524 864 e 2594 1228 3370 e 16053 112 322 7 1208 1360 51786 13730 93 373 3556 16 e 671 117 348 e 1217 1874 e 255 20 110 e 3866 659

127089 16 2163 2173 10859 733 2959 1571 2727 15973 122 241 12 2046 1494 52278 15887 56 1644 3146 76 476 164 1248 1069 1923 507 167 149 3473 668

24546 .. 15 2555 8782 .. 1542 6 3314 2116 1 .. .. 209 115 1732 356 52 .. 1021 .. 167 .. 15 237 21 70 82 79 1040 782

e

e

e e

e

e e e

43055 .. 27 3697 10136 .. 2838 390 6181 4094 5 .. .. 448 956 5007 563 96 .. 3136 .. 108 .. 33 322 983 118 265 .. 3269 61

e

e

e

e e

e

e e e

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

151263 e 152103 e 160565 e 156189 e 157422

355 11 76 .. .. .. .. .. 3 82 129 54

2983 110 1521 .. .. .. .. 462 66 576 166 82

14582 345 6866 1 2551 48 1058 33 1039 642 1624 363

23296 22 10034 2 421 2469 2623 830 1438 4321 960

24999 67 10961 574 1645 1912 2 498 1011 7282 1006

Non-Specified/Other 41309 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

32447

29303

582

285

e 128073 e 137497 e 130466 e 131105 e 22 e 2079 2708 2182 2149 852 1258 1295 772 15570 12681 13644 13921 750 e 783 719 938 e 2038 e 2262 1220 1320 1817 1272 963 1122 e 3380 e 3185 3649 e 2971 14875 17401 13612 12364 e 276 e 69 144 122 278 258 321 321 6 16 45 65 1525 1627 1163 483 833 727 409 156 e 52905 e 60417 e 58241 e 60706 e 14765 e 16886 18696 e 21156 52 42 38 31 3363 2957 e 4579 4918 e 2508 e 2698 2205 1716 118 106 56 82 e 399 592 496 359 138 56 127 175 1521 781 580 411 849 868 721 201 1702 1081 349 863 753 453 443 377 96 8 8 7 e 154 e 67 178 3069 4436 3438 2863 e 531 e 934 e 224 e 335 e

e e e e

24662 232 10817 1 735 1544 1296 554 848 7149 1395 308

e

e

e e

24011 e 883 9896 1 1202 2014 1716 135 859 1358 e 5354 302

26409 e 726 14330 4 374 1430 1170 844 499 809 e 5893 e 205

216

160

26934 231 13208 2 77 1297 321 930 190 1184 8355 610 113

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.16 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD Total 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

55.65

62.27

56.28

44.94

46.42

47.26

67.40

97.98

106.49

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

49.29 66.05 182.83 54.82 58.55 46.06 43.53 42.38 50.18

57.64 70.37 67.03 63.98 64.21 54.50 60.89 50.58 57.45

52.80 62.94 82.00 59.26 61.25 49.58 50.11 49.57 54.95

43.36 49.15 .. 51.58 57.52 40.77 38.69 42.27 46.62

46.18 51.88 53.93 50.15 61.14 40.54 .. 38.69 46.52

47.25 53.90 .. 62.24 64.21 40.48 166.16 39.20 46.67

61.26 66.39 98.50 108.71 107.28 82.31 85.79 61.31 73.25

102.47 109.56 242.07 138.92 119.94 109.89 104.26 71.77 104.12

115.04 129.34 112.10 118.82 125.05 98.79 88.44 66.18 101.81

44.85 51.81 47.14 38.87 36.67 37.37 55.34 Imports from: Australia 43.45 52.17 48.23 37.89 37.25 35.69 51.71 Canada 43.28 43.38 40.99 33.04 36.91 37.49 54.90 Czech Republic 57.22 65.54 63.84 52.99 53.68 64.04 83.24 Poland 51.56 61.05 46.78 44.35 40.74 43.26 68.95 United States 54.03 54.63 49.60 45.05 42.97 47.37 60.50 China 38.91 48.34 44.63 33.32 33.04 32.60 53.48 Colombia 39.31 50.88 41.58 39.19 36.04 37.58 52.34 South Africa 37.89 45.38 44.19 42.11 36.71 39.05 58.03 Former USSR(2) 39.41 45.48 42.87 40.44 35.40 39.68 63.56 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

64.85

63.38

64.06 79.68 113.59 78.34 82.18 62.75 59.93 67.68 67.35

65.13 60.96 102.69 75.65 77.37 60.32 58.42 66.20 66.20

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.17

OECD North America* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

4500

140

4000

120

3500 100 3000 2500

80

2000

60

1500

40

1000 20 500 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

1975

1980

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

1000

900

900

800

800

700

700

600

600

500

500 400

400

300

300 200

200

100

100

0 1970

6000

1975

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 8000 7000

5000

6000 4000 5000 3000

4000 3000

2000

2000 1000 1000 0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.18 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD North America 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 2784.98 3002.54 3230.30 Coal 468.79 571.17 694.35 Oil 1338.54 1370.41 1329.88 Gas 803.26 773.52 738.61 Comb. Renew/Waste 73.60 98.59 111.12 Nuclear 39.01 113.96 256.50 Hydro 58.51 67.18 72.90 Geothermal 3.21 7.70 26.44 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.46 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.07 0.01 0.03 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

3865.91 827.51 1529.43 941.22 132.50 327.15 79.22 25.94 3.05 -0.10 -

3946.39 834.78 1630.78 905.47 132.92 339.87 78.28 20.35 4.00 -0.06 -

3983.96 846.25 1648.64 906.05 135.66 340.12 81.54 21.29 4.45 -0.04 -

3957.25 834.95 1620.18 907.42 140.04 343.41 83.16 23.12 5.49 -0.52 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 0.88 2.34 -0.04 -0.49 2.45 11.71 1.30 13.21 -4.35 -

1.41 1.33 1.44 1.37 1.34 1.90 0.75 -1.43 16.31 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

4853 5885 8011 11071 12069 12454 0.57 0.51 0.40 0.35 0.33 0.32 Population (millions) 287.7 317.9 359.1 411.8 429.9 434.2 TPES/population(1) 9.68 9.44 8.99 9.39 9.18 9.17 TPES/GDP(2) 164.3 146.1 115.5 100.0 93.6 91.6 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 129.2 129.8 115.9 100.0 92.5 90.9 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 105.7 108.3 105.1 100.0 95.1 94.6 Elec. Generation (TWh) 2273 2868 3809 4835 4972 5131 Industrial Production(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

12872 0.31 438.5 9.03 88.0 86.8 .. 5130 ..

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.99 -2.05 1.31 -0.43 -2.05 -0.64 -0.03 3.08 -

2.99 -1.53 1.27 0.13 -1.53 -1.61 -0.70 2.01 -

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

109.25 421.00 23.37 -

135.46 505.67 30.53 -

124.00 649.36 55.87 -

80.68 696.75 57.79 -

66.32 718.98 57.69 -

68.43 732.34 57.99 -

64.95 750.75 58.09 -

1.06 3.68 7.53 -

-3.89 0.80 0.25 -

Mt: Coking Coal 109.07 134.96 123.88 84.67 71.47 74.85 70.99 Steam Coal 487.96 598.48 774.37 854.46 911.02 926.93 956.36 Brown Coal 44.51 59.30 110.57 112.98 112.52 112.91 113.02 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

1.07 3.92 7.88 -

-3.30 1.21 0.14 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.19

OECD North America 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2136.29 114.77 1143.41 569.00 73.21 235.76 0.14

2204.57 88.71 1171.06 552.10 98.10 293.12 1.47

2221.89 84.33 1177.76 514.93 53.19 0.48 387.22 3.98

2653.43 51.76 1370.52 612.07 98.53 0.74 2.12 508.99 8.70

2669.82 51.41 1412.79 584.22 89.91 1.07 1.90 520.33 8.18

2725.04 54.99 1465.99 572.32 95.09 1.07 1.91 527.94 5.74

2725.05 50.15 1471.24 553.06 100.08 1.22 1.87 541.61 5.83

0.23 -1.80 0.17 -0.59 -1.86 2.96 21.94

1.37 -3.41 1.49 0.48 4.30 6.40 2.26 2.58

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

648.26 94.60 128.76 279.33 50.87 94.57 0.14

665.05 77.07 161.39 254.55 58.55 112.05 1.43

514.95 70.12 90.22 196.51 23.55 133.65 0.90

594.41 48.09 57.31 240.32 63.91 0.16 177.51 7.11

529.77 47.68 58.43 212.85 53.54 0.14 150.40 6.73

543.32 50.22 66.95 213.20 56.77 0.14 151.25 4.80

528.75 46.43 68.20 197.25 59.39 0.15 152.49 4.84

-1.35 -1.75 -2.07 -2.05 -4.43 2.06 11.73

0.18 -2.71 -1.85 0.02 6.36 0.88 11.87

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

668.15 0.18 642.94 24.06

717.50 693.38 23.41

825.22 798.06 26.15

1001.45 966.08 29.39

1036.84 1000.53 26.71

1056.97 1019.73 25.53

1075.45 1034.60 27.41

1.25 1.28 0.49

1.78 1.75 0.31

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.97 386.83 4.77 122.89 170.85

0.71 360.37 2.35 76.91 170.95

1.01 362.65 2.17 54.31 163.89

4.74 1.23 446.61 1.99 61.69 186.68

8.12 1.49 459.13 0.03 60.13 191.69

10.15 1.55 451.39 0.04 58.45 183.18

11.85 1.59 455.71 0.04 55.58 181.27

0.24 -0.38 -4.54 -4.69 -0.24

3.09 1.53 -23.95 0.15 0.67

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

9.70 78.61 237.73 4.87 79.80 94.03

10.35 99.80 232.35 2.63 54.40 96.74

10.30 131.98 0.00 262.10 3.41 38.50 99.39

25.96 0.31 2.06 167.92 320.34 1.30 34.90 120.26

25.12 0.50 1.81 179.84 332.92 2.81 37.92 121.49

25.11 0.50 1.81 182.30 336.54 3.51 39.89 118.62

25.71 0.57 1.76 190.78 0.00 339.13 2.72 38.81 117.57

0.35 3.09 0.58 -2.07 -4.20 0.33

6.29 2.49 11.30 1.73 -1.51 0.05 1.13

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 59.03 78.54 117.71 Heat 0.04 3.08 Non-Energy Use 140.14 160.88 199.23 Coal 0.18 0.50 Oil 139.41 154.64 170.46 Gas 0.73 6.06 28.28 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1.77 0.27 0.06 160.17 1.59 257.99 0.38 223.03 34.58

2.91 0.43 0.09 165.80 1.45 261.88 0.36 230.73 30.79

3.01 0.43 0.10 170.03 0.94 282.49 0.39 250.96 31.14

2.86 0.49 0.10 175.58 1.00 273.17 0.36 243.86 28.95

4.14 2.09 1.19 24.03

2.70 -7.25 2.13 -2.20 2.42 0.16

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.20 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD North America 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

495.1 16.4 -55.2 12.5

671.7 17.9 -98.0 -20.4

829.2 16.9 -126.2 -25.6

835.2 34.0 -80.2 38.5

843.0 48.0 -65.4 9.2

858.8 50.9 -69.8 6.4

873.8 56.6 -67.8 -27.7

3.1 0.2 5.0 x

0.2 7.6 -3.9 x

Primary Supply

468.8

571.2

694.4

827.5

834.8

846.2

835.0

2.3

1.3

Statistical Difference

18.6

-11.1

4.1

10.6

-15.2

-15.3

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-363.9

-467.7

-612.2

-784.2

-760.9

-777.6

..

3.1

1.6

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-321.8 -321.8 -

-438.7 -438.7 -0.0

-590.1 -583.8 -6.4

-762.3 -744.7 -17.5

-749.5 -739.5 -10.0

-766.6 -757.6 -9.0

.. .. ..

3.6 3.6 -

1.8 1.8 2.4

-0.1

-

-2.7

-2.7

-2.5

-2.7

..

26.3

-0.1

-42.1 -27.7 -14.4 -

-29.0 -18.4 -10.6 -

-19.3 -12.9 -6.4 -

-19.2 -13.1 -6.1 -

-8.9 -11.5 -3.0 5.5

-8.3 -10.6 -4.3 6.6

.. .. .. .. ..

-4.5 -4.4 -4.7 -

-5.5 -1.3 -2.6 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-8.7

-3.6

-2.0

-2.2

-3.7

-3.2

..

-8.4

3.2

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

114.8

88.7

84.3

51.8

55.0

50.1

..

-1.8

-3.4

94.6 54.0 11.9 5.9 7.1

77.1 36.0 11.2 10.3 7.4

70.1 21.2 12.4 11.6 10.4

48.1 14.5 9.3 12.1 3.6

50.2 10.2 7.5 11.9 6.5

46.4 7.1 7.0 11.6 6.6

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.7 -5.4 0.2 4.1 2.2

-2.7 -7.0 -3.7 -0.0 -3.0

0.2

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

20.0 4.9 4.8

11.5 2.6 2.4

13.7 3.4 2.2

3.3 1.3 2.0

4.4 3.5 0.0

3.4 2.7 0.0

.. .. ..

-2.2 -2.1 -4.5

-8.9 -1.5 -24.0

Non-energy Use 0.2 0.5 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.4

0.4

0.4

..

-

-2.2

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.21

OECD North America 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

496.24 418.38 418.37 0.01 46.04 3.73 10.34 11.88 7.82 12.27 8.58 -

560.62 491.32 491.31 0.01 46.33 2.53 12.72 11.62 8.27 11.19 5.40 0.02

719.49 653.18 646.88 6.29 0.18 53.39 1.70 14.26 12.65 11.37 13.42 6.03 0.26

891.34 860.85 845.37 15.49 1.79 2.50 37.51 1.35 10.51 13.26 4.10 8.29 3.70 0.33

905.71 774.27 766.38 7.89 102.19 1.20 1.85 38.15 0.65 7.98 12.65 6.69 10.18 3.25 0.30

940.20 779.93 772.25 7.67 107.54 1.33 1.73 37.84 0.67 7.08 12.87 6.45 10.78 4.05 0.33

960.42 788.22 781.72 6.50 119.90 1.58 1.28 37.30 0.28 7.17 12.63 6.77 10.45 3.14 0.29

3.14 3.78 3.70 66.36 1.24 -6.36 2.71 0.53 3.17 0.75 -2.90 -

1.94 1.26 1.27 0.22 13.87 -2.36 -11.34 -4.48 -0.01 -3.39 -1.65 -4.27 0.85

79.71 75.71 -

72.75 71.75 -

43.20 43.16 -

31.36 31.13 -

28.22 2.42 24.40 -

26.49 2.60 23.68 -

25.21 2.90 22.90 -

-4.98 -4.58 -

-3.53 -4.14 -

43.94 58.04 109.28 41.10 53.39 101.99 41.10 53.39 100.89 1.10 5.64 2.47 3.05 1.41 0.17 0.23 0.00 0.17 0.19 0.10 2.31 2.69 1.08 0.34 0.29 0.17 Non-energy use 0.09 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

114.74 110.09 108.85 1.25 0.00 5.67 1.59 0.24 0.00 0.10 1.25 0.12 0.14

125.30 115.89 113.80 2.09 0.00 5.53 0.41 0.25 0.00 0.06 0.11 0.11 0.15

117.07 110.80 108.68 2.12 0.00 4.87 0.36 0.23 0.01 0.06 0.06 0.12 0.16

121.55 113.17 111.11 2.06 0.00 5.39 0.49 0.24 0.01 0.07 0.17 0.05 0.16

7.89 7.87 7.77 -4.57 -4.60 -6.12 -5.64 -

0.71 0.70 0.65 4.29 -0.29 -6.84 0.17 7.60 -2.08 -11.53 -7.29 4.12

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.22 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD North America 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(US Dollars / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal .. Coking Coal .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. Natural Gas .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

16.37 14.97 .. .. 1.40

17.85 16.93 7.02 9.91 0.93

16.94 15.86 4.45 11.41 1.08

34.03 26.85 5.72 21.13 2.80 4.38

41.46 32.95 6.46 26.49 5.07 3.44

47.69 39.12 4.78 34.35 5.59 2.98

47.97 37.44 5.19 32.25 3.96 6.57

50.88 42.21 5.54 36.67 5.23 3.44

56.62 46.09 5.56 40.53 5.85 4.68

Total Exports 55.24 97.96 126.22 80.22 55.55 57.92 65.42 Hard Coal 53.62 96.02 125.51 78.94 54.62 57.13 60.19 Coking Coal .. 71.71 84.68 54.27 39.75 40.91 42.74 Steam Coal .. 24.31 40.83 24.67 14.87 16.21 17.45 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.12 0.11 0.16 Peat Coal Products(1) 1.62 1.91 0.67 1.26 0.81 0.68 5.07 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

69.84 63.74 46.70 17.04 0.18 5.92

67.78 63.61 43.97 19.64 0.23 3.94

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.23

OECD North America 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

17499

17540

16846

28687

36519 e

43427 e

41353 e

47406 e

51607

6024 5924 -

7212 7112 -

4719 122 4497 -

5843 1511 4296 -

6522 e 605 1593 4291 e 9

4828 e 200 1356 3264 e -

5416 e 182 1735 3429 e -

5767 e 144 1458 4155 e -

5786 72 1461 4133 -

100

100

100

36 -

24 e -

8 e -

9 e 1

7 113

11475 933 49 645 8796 -

10328 37 287 9245 -

12127 22 883 5 9639 -

22844 1226 693 10981 6

e e e e e

35937 e 2141 1797 68 40 8313 e 103

41639 e 5392 823 70 1 7336 e 261

45821 6530 799 1 6410 236

996 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 56 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

699 60

1296 277 5

174 6928 651 61 92 1960 72

817 e 14274 e 1910 71 211 e 64 e 5119 e 50 e 181 e

152 16012 e 1979 31 275 e 225 e 4758 e 33 10

72 e 20665 e 2239 70 471 e 141 e 4012 e 85 1

57 23460 2855 56 1117 4252 27 21

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

29997 2021 968 25 110 81 8301 29

e e

e e e

3227 e 9412 e 1746 70 157 e 81 e 3560 e 5 204 e

38599 5774 907 14 176 55 8744 232

e e

70 -

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.24 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD North America 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

40450

71373

84425

58166

42503 e

43755 e

48196 e

52711 e

49586

36030 1103 5410 1468 560 3069 19925 1173 929 68 265 838 453 409 360 -

62263 2840 5694 141 20 4082 1710 364 6 198 5594 30625 1994 28 2390 252 305 2171 1073 99 796 1881 -

67287 5538 3988 50 127 4880 708 28 6536 26588 2908 3 3975 99 753 3156 866 1957 4355 772

45136 2717 3501 288 2782 1211 65 48 4467 12937 4947 740 2143 42 198 2331 642 2403 3134 540

35107 1918 4277 294 1443 1406 17 11 87 3060 8926 3204 880 2319 13 1452 393 1531 2283 1593

33980 1405 3263 397 1483 1608 83 3495 7488 3268 1324 2595 17 1871 346 1771 2203 1363

36147 1309 3431 412 1388 2020 553 82 2677 7759 3848 1253 2787 32 88 1426 570 22 2457 2298 1735

41133 239 1528 4034 776 1610 2230 57 3672 8446 5497 994 2355 18 2029 464 2667 2915 1602

38320 30 1596 4134 795 1652 2607 70 19 4152 7523 4573 612 2297 54 1397 426 2186 2681 1462

4600 1942 205 218 200 673 1 914 24 243

9930 3490 359 749 263 853 642 1603 49 1018

12768 6327 357 586 50 1559 614 872 529 1040

9805 5564 1440 682 22 56 443 269 496 833

7395 4364 1077 684 9 357 428 264 212

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

84

5204

3225

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

e

e

e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e

e e e

1 e

9774 4841 1077 1306 18 58 695 446 799 534

e

e

e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e

e e e e

1 e

12152 4545 1438 1120 813 121 381 622 2333 587 89

e

e

e e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e e

e e e

12156 4831 1274 706 1078 547 377 575 1060 1130 -

e

e

e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e

e e e

11709 5519 1220 869 959 75 312 681 264 1244 177

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.25

OECD North America 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

10808

27123

42493

27345

18371 e

20137 e

20898 e

20572 e

22700

10341 27 8782 309 38 528 22 243 356 27 5 4

25340 1383 10136 1608 233 2984 1188 4 159 924 1426 552 1834 24 970 39 1875 1

35375 1 2178 10083 3321 1758 384 15 1322 4451 4007 719 188 3982 1 62 1386 282 21 15 1005 194

25820 429 13524 70 564 522 456 79 4425 2275 373 643 74 343 441 55 1016 531

17857 16 458 10859 6 15 508 1 633 435 1598 1544 96 239 22 115 614 149 539 10

19436 22 348 15569 1 265 66 46 355 2 216 62 269 568 99 511 406 126 114 212 179

19068 555 12680 67 376 122 1640 665 670 591 317 67 558 760

17956 411 13625 66 64 133 23 964 749 341 829 143 71 67 361 109

e

20788 363 13909 348 360 195 569 1378 917 156 793 267 250 1052 231

95 11 1 82 1 -

1699 98 530 413 56 575 19 8

5903 177 3820 108 530 682 522 5 47

1037 22 1 825 49 8 66

431 17 120 1 127 160 6 -

1799 e 883 1 224 135 358 140 e 29

2501 e 693 1 217 844 63 397 e 128 e 115

1805 176 3 71 927 190 358 6 74

Non-Specified/Other 372 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

84

1227

554

83

60

158

107

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

e e

e e e

e e

e e

e e e

e e e e

573 182 1 184 139 67 128

e e

e e e e

e e

e

e e e

e

e e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e e

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.26 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD/IEA Pacific* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

1400

250

1200 200 1000 150

800 600

100

400 50 200 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

300

300

250

250

200

200

150

150

100

100

50

50

2000

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 350

1975

1980

Renewables

350

0 1970

1975

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 2500

1800 1600

2000

1400 1200

1500

1000 800

1000

600 400

500

200 0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.27

OECD/IEA Pacific 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 587.35 667.81 913.09 Coal 128.34 144.83 198.37 Oil 424.50 425.08 487.90 Gas 12.48 42.36 93.66 Comb. Renew/Waste 5.04 5.90 14.59 Nuclear 3.61 32.04 94.99 Hydro 11.52 15.01 16.36 Geothermal 1.86 2.56 5.41 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.03 1.80 Net Electricity trade(1) Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1208.79 266.56 584.44 152.83 18.53 160.46 16.27 8.32 1.37 -

1252.15 311.21 566.61 174.34 20.33 153.82 17.36 7.19 1.27 0.03

1261.57 311.23 560.78 177.35 20.78 168.10 14.87 7.03 1.39 0.03

1265.06 319.10 540.54 190.97 20.87 168.61 16.12 7.33 1.49 0.04

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.63 2.59 0.82 12.59 6.45 21.20 2.08 6.49 -

2.18 3.05 0.93 4.35 2.39 3.88 -0.63 1.76 -1.69 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

2498 3159 4716 5614 5998 0.24 0.21 0.19 0.22 0.21 Population (millions) 159.4 172.9 186.9 197.0 200.1 TPES/population(1) 3.69 3.86 4.89 6.14 6.26 TPES/GDP(2) 109.2 98.2 89.9 100.0 96.9 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 108.2 96.5 88.6 100.0 109.3 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 80.5 82.7 86.1 100.0 104.0 Elec. Generation (TWh) 563 728 1129 1561 1719 Industrial Production(2) .. .. .. .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2005

2006e

6165 0.20 200.6 6.29 95.0 106.3 104.1 1776 ..

6303 0.20 201.0 6.29 93.2 106.6 .. 1767 ..

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 3.81 -1.14 0.94 1.67 -1.14 -1.17 0.40 4.17 -

1.80 0.37 0.47 1.70 0.37 1.22 1.28 3.07 -

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

47.37 41.87 9.73 -

48.49 44.54 11.01 -

63.41 92.75 14.68 -

103.28 118.92 21.05 -

117.00 142.49 21.91 -

128.13 147.81 22.59 -

130.94 149.55 22.76 -

2.46 6.85 3.49 -

4.80 3.16 2.91 -

Mt: Coking Coal 48.94 49.86 65.59 106.08 120.32 131.77 134.67 Steam Coal 59.68 61.11 120.61 144.11 173.64 180.94 183.07 Brown Coal 30.66 33.13 46.15 67.51 68.85 70.98 71.49 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

2.47 6.04 3.47 -

4.76 2.74 2.91 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.28 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD/IEA Pacific 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

425.49 46.37 299.49 13.62 4.99 60.98 0.04

455.71 51.59 297.07 22.03 5.63 0.03 79.21 0.15

624.35 69.26 383.40 35.90 10.08 0.50 1.80 123.13 0.29

802.33 52.29 494.86 67.75 12.60 0.64 1.33 170.28 2.59

821.50 53.30 492.53 73.75 12.64 0.65 1.09 182.10 5.44

833.39 54.61 491.46 76.89 12.61 0.64 0.97 189.15 7.05

837.33 54.39 484.70 81.84 12.75 0.64 0.97 194.69 7.35

2.28 2.39 1.46 5.87 4.22 4.22 12.32

1.98 -1.60 1.58 5.65 1.58 1.64 -4.01 3.10 24.18

179.40 34.18 97.38 5.27 2.13 40.43 -

171.00 38.14 72.36 9.33 3.17 48.00 -

203.57 54.43 71.85 12.97 6.68 0.31 57.34 -

224.42 49.66 72.95 20.75 9.32 0.19 71.54 -

223.88 50.73 64.24 21.17 9.20 0.19 0.00 75.63 2.71

229.23 51.76 63.57 22.32 9.60 0.19 0.00 77.65 4.13

230.25 51.09 63.20 23.34 9.93 0.20 0.00 78.39 4.10

0.75 2.77 -1.77 5.44 6.95 2.08 -

0.82 -0.42 -0.85 3.99 2.68 -3.10 2.11 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

86.95 0.33 84.89 -

115.36 0.01 113.31 0.01

168.26 0.10 165.64 0.10

226.11 0.13 222.67 0.44

232.86 0.08 229.29 0.65

234.13 0.09 230.27 0.82

229.59 0.13 225.50 0.97

3.96 -6.65 4.01 -

2.09 1.64 2.08 16.74

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

1.73 47.42 11.54 14.03 5.87

2.03 60.23 12.92 15.85 9.54

2.42 85.11 12.51 22.60 14.04

2.87 105.37 0.84 30.11 25.63

0.00 2.85 109.46 0.83 27.95 29.32

0.01 2.95 109.82 0.97 27.21 28.05

0.03 2.96 120.98 1.40 28.08 29.74

2.00 3.50 0.47 2.84 5.26

1.34 2.37 -13.57 1.46 5.13

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

2.86 13.13 32.21 0.27 24.39 2.14

2.43 0.03 19.46 37.20 0.52 24.50 2.68

3.32 0.08 1.73 30.80 0.04 83.60 1.59 42.77 6.97

3.04 0.00 1.29 42.88 1.57 121.23 1.06 49.96 17.14

3.02 0.00 1.05 45.51 1.78 127.15 1.08 48.66 18.86

2.59 0.00 0.94 48.18 1.88 128.26 1.18 44.57 21.71

2.38 0.00 0.94 56.33 2.12 125.36 1.16 41.91 24.74

0.90 5.14 5.77 10.94 3.36 7.21

-2.21 -18.57 -4.00 4.11 29.50 2.74 -2.06 -0.13 8.81

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.03 0.08 Geothermal 0.06 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.07 Electricity 5.38 9.32 31.82 Heat 0.04 0.15 0.24 Non-Energy Use 59.68 50.41 67.55 Coal 0.58 Oil 59.43 49.96 65.15 Gas 0.26 0.45 1.82 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.24 0.31 0.04 51.61 0.87 106.98 0.57 102.63 3.78

0.42 0.32 0.04 56.83 0.94 110.51 0.56 106.23 3.72

0.41 0.31 0.04 58.99 1.04 114.51 0.58 109.97 3.96

0.41 0.31 0.04 55.66 1.13 114.20 0.56 110.63 3.00

11.02 11.22 0.73 0.54 12.23

11.89 11.04 -4.30 3.80 10.86 3.56 -0.23 3.59 3.38

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which: Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.29

OECD/IEA Pacific 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

94.4 59.6 -26.0 0.3

104.0 74.9 -42.8 8.7

170.8 128.1 -98.3 -2.2

243.2 195.5 -177.8 5.6

281.4 240.9 -206.5 -4.6

298.5 230.2 -218.9 1.4

303.2 235.5 -219.2 -0.5

3.5 4.6 8.1 x

3.8 4.0 5.5 x

Primary Supply

128.3

144.8

198.4

266.6

311.2

311.2

319.1

2.6

3.0

Statistical Difference

-2.5

-2.3

3.3

-1.8

-8.8

0.9

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-75.5

-86.2

-126.4

-205.8

-243.6

-253.9

..

3.1

4.8

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-37.8 -37.8 -0.1

-45.3 -41.0 -4.3

-86.6 -75.7 -10.9

-164.0 -147.6 -16.4

-199.0 -179.5 -19.4

-209.5 -190.8 -18.7

.. .. ..

5.0 4.2 36.0

6.1 6.4 3.7

-3.1

-1.8

-0.6

-0.3

-0.1

-0.1

..

-9.3

-14.0

-34.7 -0.2 -27.1 -5.8 -1.5

-39.1 -0.2 -23.7 -14.5 -0.6

-39.2 -0.1 -30.2 -4.1 -4.8

-41.5 -0.0 -35.4 -5.9 -0.2

-44.6 -0.0 -36.0 -8.7 0.1

-44.4 -0.2 -35.1 -9.2 0.1

.. .. .. .. ..

0.7 -5.3 0.6 -2.0 6.9

0.8 6.9 1.0 5.5 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-3.9

-4.7

-6.0

-6.7

-4.1

-3.8

..

2.6

-3.0

-

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

46.4

51.6

69.3

52.3

54.6

54.4

..

2.4

-1.6

34.2 26.9 0.4 0.9 0.3

38.1 27.3 0.7 5.9 0.5

54.4 26.5 4.2 12.0 1.9

49.7 19.7 4.3 12.2 2.3

51.8 24.1 4.4 12.0 2.4

51.1 23.3 5.5 10.8 2.5

.. .. .. .. ..

2.8 -0.1 15.1 16.5 10.9

-0.4 -0.9 1.7 -0.7 1.6

0.3

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

..

-6.7

1.6

11.9 0.3 11.5

13.4 0.5 12.9

14.1 1.6 12.5

1.9 1.1 0.8

2.2 1.2 1.0

2.6 1.2 1.4

.. .. ..

1.0 10.9 0.5

-10.7 -2.1 -13.6

Non-energy Use 0.6 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.6

0.6

0.6

..

-

-0.2

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.30 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD/IEA Pacific 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

57.24 30.57 30.21 0.36 18.64 0.13 0.19 7.37 1.46 0.34 1.88 0.35 3.34 1.49 -

70.43 35.63 34.16 1.48 20.40 0.04 0.12 12.54 1.52 0.26 7.43 0.45 2.88 1.30 -

128.22 77.22 72.22 5.00 20.81 5.89 0.62 25.03 2.05 2.63 12.61 2.25 5.50 0.97 0.02

201.05 152.59 144.86 7.73 1.22 11.46 0.67 31.09 2.69 3.92 13.30 2.64 8.54 1.09 -

226.79 184.73 174.34 10.40 1.17 12.14 0.78 28.86 4.53 4.18 13.34 2.57 4.24 1.07 -

242.16 191.20 180.03 11.17 1.39 11.43 0.79 29.21 4.78 4.05 12.81 2.83 4.74 1.19 -

251.82 207.72 196.41 11.31 2.01 11.65 0.76 28.96 4.42 5.18 11.66 2.89 4.80 1.13 -

6.95 8.03 7.53 24.52 0.92 37.67 10.73 2.86 18.50 17.21 16.65 4.25 -3.50 -

4.60 6.82 6.90 5.59 -14.43 4.66 1.34 0.98 5.27 4.63 -0.52 1.70 -0.89 1.02 -

67.95 64.35 4.45 0.12 0.06 0.01 0.04 0.01 -

81.25 76.69 4.30 0.01 0.01 0.01 -

82.82 79.01 3.23 0.16 0.16 0.02 -

81.30 72.24 8.88 -

82.64 72.79 10.87 0.07 0.07 -

87.00 73.61 10.55 0.06 0.06 -

82.81 73.38 11.10 -

1.66 1.73 2.66 11.30 13.14 -

-0.00 -0.49 8.57 -

30.64 33.13 46.20 27.32 29.23 44.14 26.32 28.00 43.07 0.99 1.23 1.07 2.85 3.35 1.78 0.42 0.42 0.20 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.30 0.30 0.10 0.09 0.17 0.05 0.11 0.08 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

67.55 66.34 65.25 1.09 0.96 0.18 0.18 0.08 -

68.66 67.57 67.57 0.79 0.23 0.00 0.23 0.07 -

68.89 68.15 68.15 0.46 0.22 0.00 0.22 0.06 -

71.01 69.83 69.83 0.90 0.22 0.00 0.22 0.06 -

3.48 4.08 4.19 0.62 -3.84 -6.07 -1.23 -3.32 5.12 3.49 -

2.91 3.11 3.27 -4.47 0.61 1.52 -2.12 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.31

OECD/IEA Pacific 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(US Dollars / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal .. Coking Coal .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. Natural Gas .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

59.64 59.61 .. .. 0.04

74.95 74.83 69.12 5.71 0.12

128.11 127.59 79.86 47.73 0.52

195.47 192.88 73.69 119.19 2.60

214.59 212.20 75.43 136.76 2.39

221.23 218.73 75.04 143.70 2.50

240.91 237.09 79.46 157.64 3.82

230.19 227.05 74.22 152.82 3.14

235.55 233.63 89.55 144.08 0.00 1.92

Total Exports 26.00 42.84 98.34 177.77 194.75 198.53 206.50 Hard Coal 25.38 40.70 95.88 175.09 191.31 195.63 204.18 Coking Coal .. 34.80 56.26 98.70 104.94 107.11 110.62 Steam Coal .. 5.90 39.62 76.39 86.37 88.52 93.56 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.61 2.13 2.46 2.68 3.44 2.90 2.32 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

218.89 217.17 123.88 93.30 1.72

219.16 217.14 119.96 97.17 2.02

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.32 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD/IEA Pacific 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

Hard Coal

55041

73604

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

52885 25299 11304 398 429 10406 11

66214 28194 11587 387 20296 70

420 2360 2244 14

979 2803 1898 -

2156 668 105 1 -

7390 4262 367 616 -

513 157 149 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 563 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

1086 9 386 233 431

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

1990

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

130654 e 214064 e 233357

240025

260647

252555

258870

78438 46520 6821 142 355

78059 46442 6193 36 21 364

82645 47858 6246 5 2178 319

77204 45356 6821 1348 279

93022 57023 11152 360 990

14218 10 7274 161 2892 45

13615 11 7595 45 3710 27

12658 12 9194 23 4137 15

9815 9842 25 3672 46

7350 28 11757 4285 77

e 137408 e 154919 e 67166 e 71453 e 9944 e 7133 2 e 2396 e 572 637 e 593

161966 74723 6415 209 657

178002 84365 4108 9 3616 779

175351 86591 4973 1252 609

165848 77749 2487 538 3

76229 39565 13316 10275 225

2000

e e e

e

2802 153 668 3055 e 6150 20 54425 24852 8170 5751 138

3504 e 94 806 e 7057 e 3402 150 501

76656 45398 9389 2841 367

e e e

e

9555 e 5886 e 603 2498 e 27 92 e

32680 e 14185 e 3448 e 5497 e 1012 e 443

46247 17 19071 270 6944 2274 343

47782 20 21727 80 7144 8 2808 393

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

39400 23 31654 e 43 10453 3237 315

32749 35977 e 50 10182 21 15 2400 532

30412 42137 76 10019 2312 115

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.33

OECD/IEA Pacific 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

31085

33590

58463

101374

107765

110004

113640

127245

123199

29156 374 1173 191 1319 22651 1330 10 992 593 469 54

31917 175 903 48 1164 25649 2266 329 698 685 -

44464 1054 30 1978 25 1181 29029 5053 725 694 702 912 3081 -

74819 122 1865 3780 2619 2984 39949 10358 666 2279 2220 992 46 1451 5488 -

70481 1272 412 4417 1508 1832 41497 6964 506 3832 2445 993 995 3737 71

1929 164 981 32 675 32 45 -

1667 837 157 227 267 60 119 -

14187 1291 2798 323 4895 2256 454 500 1294 188

26345 4988 6273 10773 1554 1371 1316 70

26316 3718 4010 252 12 12545 151 2691 1135 1404 398

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

6

-

210

10968

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

e

e

e

e

e e

e

e e

71414 e 1134 414 4421 1455 1628 42253 e 7442 497 3385 2492 995 1161 4088 49 e

75646 e 1255 324 4105 1576 1930 42395 e 10138 451 4670 2676 1207 682 4063 174

84192 e 1881 392 3895 1746 14 2527 46004 e 12457 588 5652 2470 1226 720 4451 169

79891 1994 377 3329 1843 2260 45437 7704 1513 7009 2139 1170 1098 3928 90

29507 4761 3824 245 14108 161 202 2333 1557 1853 463

31857 4234 5311 13582 190 2354 1428 4114 609

38923 3545 7091 353 17442 129 46 2807 1806 5301 403

36368 3699 7717 225 16392 194 71 2381 1774 3694 221

9083

e e

e e

6172

e e

e e

4130

e e

e e

6940

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.34 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD/IEA Pacific 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

5533

8925

45270

87120

98502

100956

106696

106400

110821

4809 150 682 458 1489 320 932 778

6834 103 304 525 686 3581 11 353 1211 60

37279 129 1149 873 125 133 26362 3524 4236 205 155 29 328 31

65893 396 142 393 72 110 284 358 47361 11455 2550 16 992 83 55 1499 127

75357 544 316 65 543 40 841 514 50680 14343 1548 2071 76 705 1164 48 71 1166 622

78728 170 413 65 475 747 767 52636 14197 3264 1872 118 831 1426 47 71 1277 352

85404 3 785 579 258 977 509 58777 16221 2287 1590 106 248 912 119 48 1879 106

83114 17 469 115 568 141 57277 17947 4238 725 56 291 164 45 993 68

86765 278 741 59328 20239 4762 301 82 500 69 425 40

204 76 128 -

1187 991 49 147 -

7991 158 3046 2443 47 528 33 120 1616 -

21227 10034 419 2469 2623 1373 4309 -

23145 50 10961 574 1644 1792 849 7275 -

22228 50 10817 735 1543 1295 708 7080 -

21389 9894 1202 1744 1716 1218 5353 131

23286 33 14329 374 1212 1165 412 5761 -

24056 55 13205 77 1225 320 826 8348 -

Non-Specified/Other 520 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

904

-

-

-

-

34

-

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.35

OECD Europe* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

3000

120

2500

100

2000

80

1500

60

1000

40

500

20

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

700

700

600

600

500

500

400

400

300

300

200

200

100

100

4000

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 800

1975

1980

Renewables

800

0 1970

1975

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 4500

3500

4000

3000

3500 3000

2500

2500

2000

2000 1500 1500 1000

1000

500

500

0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.36 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD Europe 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 2002.94 2153.71 2321.60 Coal 607.66 657.13 626.05 Oil 1084.28 1006.42 895.70 Gas 192.59 296.03 368.55 Comb. Renew/Waste 44.27 50.97 75.43 Nuclear 27.69 85.79 291.38 Hydro 42.06 51.07 54.47 Geothermal 3.62 4.30 6.74 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.07 0.07 0.41 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.71 1.92 2.85 Heat(2) 0.03 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

2534.40 467.50 979.73 558.22 99.30 348.01 66.47 10.34 3.82 0.49 0.54

2666.30 470.79 998.65 627.89 115.67 369.67 60.02 11.87 8.99 2.16 0.60

2679.61 457.20 1003.43 647.23 121.26 365.25 59.68 12.09 10.63 2.17 0.67

2684.86 465.60 997.55 639.04 131.14 364.28 58.80 13.43 12.25 2.12 0.65

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 0.87 0.18 -1.12 3.89 3.18 14.85 1.53 3.73 11.14 8.55 -

0.96 -2.07 0.76 3.83 3.22 1.52 0.61 3.97 24.16 -1.78 23.73

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

4796 5645 7174 8976 9604 0.42 0.38 0.32 0.28 0.28 Population (millions) 455.0 473.8 497.6 521.5 534.1 TPES/population(1) 4.40 4.55 4.67 4.86 4.99 TPES/GDP(2) 147.9 135.1 114.6 100.0 98.3 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 243.2 223.5 167.5 100.0 94.1 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 93.0 100.6 102.6 100.0 100.7 Elec. Generation (TWh) 1618 2049 2632 3195 3432 Industrial Production(2) .. 70.1 83.8 100.0 103.8 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2005

2006e

9775 0.27 536.6 4.99 97.1 89.8 100.6 3485 105.2

10071 0.27 539.0 4.98 94.4 88.8 .. 3531 ..

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.40 -1.49 0.53 0.34 -1.49 -2.17 0.58 2.90 -

2.08 -1.10 0.50 0.45 -1.10 -4.07 -0.13 1.89 1.53

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

95.28 310.02 179.98 2.30

91.83 319.36 188.71 2.67

63.70 244.85 196.48 5.06

44.80 127.78 129.53 3.48

41.28 112.46 129.78 3.12

37.08 107.39 126.62 4.67

36.41 101.82 126.32 5.73

-3.30 -1.95 0.73 6.79

-3.54 -5.35 -2.89 -0.54

Mt: Coking Coal 100.22 96.45 64.65 45.21 41.49 37.30 36.62 Steam Coal 382.36 395.05 306.57 160.07 144.48 135.38 128.37 Brown Coal 590.99 607.01 649.85 433.64 432.10 436.90 435.71 Peat 8.05 9.34 14.93 10.59 9.44 13.84 16.85 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-3.59 -1.82 0.79 5.28

-3.60 -5.30 -2.61 -0.50

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.37

OECD Europe 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

1494.09 246.99 858.08 153.86 40.36 0.51 164.90 29.41

1573.90 215.01 815.41 239.94 43.56 0.73 0.01 209.93 49.31

1639.62 173.80 783.72 291.36 63.12 1.98 0.25 272.03 53.36

1808.27 88.24 875.37 382.02 73.38 2.60 0.96 331.78 53.93

1880.75 77.65 892.63 410.89 75.05 2.93 1.30 349.31 70.99

1915.10 80.26 899.89 419.16 76.66 2.92 1.41 357.45 77.34

1941.59 75.71 900.77 422.41 78.55 3.08 1.50 363.46 96.10

0.55 -2.05 -0.53 3.83 2.67 8.35 2.99 3.57

1.13 -5.39 0.93 2.51 1.47 2.99 12.84 1.95 4.00

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

536.01 127.34 217.77 77.85 7.03 0.04 90.59 15.38

512.79 111.27 168.72 98.47 8.39 0.04 105.28 20.62

456.84 100.34 82.64 111.00 20.46 0.06 0.01 123.55 18.78

461.99 66.54 77.01 139.61 24.50 0.09 0.14 142.13 11.97

471.47 57.92 77.18 144.28 23.00 0.09 0.17 145.06 23.76

473.46 59.28 74.89 142.57 23.78 0.09 0.18 148.89 23.78

470.31 55.50 73.30 143.73 23.71 0.07 0.18 149.50 24.32

-0.94 -1.39 -5.54 2.11 6.48 2.53 1.84 1.18

0.19 -3.87 -0.80 1.74 0.99 0.30 19.99 1.28 1.74

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

274.38 9.79 259.51 0.22

325.27 3.63 315.23 0.51

420.81 0.30 412.47 0.43

516.92 0.01 505.73 1.03

530.12 0.02 516.73 1.97

545.23 0.01 530.58 2.26

550.40 0.01 533.96 2.45

2.55 -18.56 2.76 3.99

1.81 -19.14 1.74 12.21

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.00 4.86 348.23 79.02 146.92 43.30

0.00 5.89 368.89 68.26 118.47 75.60

0.00 7.60 399.98 49.23 95.75 108.25

1.03 9.11 431.58 16.57 92.21 155.69

2.05 9.34 449.05 14.41 92.56 172.32

2.93 9.45 453.27 14.98 88.66 178.55

4.50 9.47 455.88 15.03 86.42 180.27

-1.94 2.67 0.82 -2.74 -2.49 5.54

64.54 1.48 0.88 -7.61 -0.68 3.46

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

26.32 0.42 41.18 11.07 137.75 19.20 83.44 7.89

28.45 0.64 0.01 58.03 19.42 151.65 23.11 73.25 15.16

40.27 1.31 0.18 78.11 26.88 158.47 17.87 40.26 38.23

44.24 1.90 0.64 93.29 27.04 173.86 2.00 30.96 50.29

45.99 2.21 0.98 100.55 20.04 192.30 2.32 34.77 57.32

45.66 2.20 1.07 102.56 19.58 195.17 2.83 32.25 59.97

45.90 2.38 1.16 104.70 20.02 199.09 2.09 31.72 61.96

2.53 6.97 3.84 5.35 0.83 -0.42 -4.20 9.73

0.88 4.07 13.15 1.97 -1.94 1.53 -13.33 -1.58 3.27

Comb. Renew/Waste 1.16 1.50 0.43 Geothermal 0.02 0.02 0.04 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.02 Electricity 24.88 35.58 56.66 Heat 1.17 3.03 4.97 Non-Energy Use 116.14 123.25 142.91 Coal 4.42 3.08 2.08 Oil 104.79 102.58 120.82 Gas 6.92 17.59 20.02 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1.68 0.09 0.07 80.30 8.47 158.15 1.19 137.44 19.52

2.00 0.11 0.10 87.56 8.13 159.42 1.59 139.51 18.32

2.22 0.11 0.11 89.81 7.88 162.10 1.67 141.71 18.72

2.32 0.11 0.11 92.68 8.10 164.74 1.55 143.59 19.60

-5.68 4.09 4.96 8.90 1.23 -4.35 0.84 6.45

11.92 8.05 11.91 3.34 3.31 0.95 -1.92 1.16 -0.14

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.38 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD Europe 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

579.5 97.9 -77.4 7.8

602.6 143.2 -75.0 -13.6

510.1 168.3 -58.7 6.4

305.6 196.1 -48.1 13.9

286.6 230.4 -47.2 0.9

275.8 227.4 -41.4 -4.5

270.3 236.4 -41.5 0.5

-0.7 3.2 -1.6 x

-4.0 2.0 -2.3 x

Primary Supply

607.7

657.1

626.0

467.5

470.8

457.2

465.6

0.2

-2.1

Statistical Difference

9.2

0.8

4.0

-1.8

0.1

-3.4

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-345.4

-423.2

-442.3

-366.4

-380.1

-367.3

..

1.5

-1.2

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-283.4 -258.2 -25.2

-368.0 -306.6 -61.5

-395.9 -340.5 -55.5

-328.3 -307.9 -20.4

-345.9 -325.8 -20.1

-334.5 -316.3 -18.2

.. .. ..

2.0 1.6 4.8

-1.1 -0.5 -7.2

-8.9

-6.6

-3.0

-0.6

-0.7

-0.7

..

-6.2

-9.3

-53.2 2.4 -38.4 -18.0 0.8

-48.6 1.6 -37.4 -13.5 0.7

-43.4 -1.1 -32.4 -10.1 0.2

-37.5 -0.3 -29.9 -7.4 0.2

-33.5 -0.2 -28.1 -5.2 0.1

-32.0 -0.3 -27.6 -4.3 0.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.2 -1.0 -3.3 -7.7

-2.0 -9.2 -1.1 -5.6 -7.4

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

-

-

-21.1

-18.3

-13.0

-10.0

-9.3

-9.4

..

-2.8

-2.1

-3.3

-1.5

-0.8

-1.1

-1.3

-1.4

..

x

x

247.0

215.0

173.8

88.2

80.3

75.7

..

-2.0

-5.4

127.3 52.3 14.1 13.5 4.1

111.3 42.9 12.8 16.0 3.4

100.3 39.8 11.3 17.7 3.8

66.5 27.6 4.4 11.4 2.2

59.3 26.6 4.5 8.7 1.9

55.5 24.5 4.4 8.1 1.9

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.4 -1.6 -1.3 1.6 -0.5

-3.9 -3.2 -6.1 -5.1 -4.5

9.8

3.6

0.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

-18.6

-19.1

105.4 19.2 79.0

97.0 23.1 68.3

71.1 17.9 49.2

20.5 2.0 16.6

19.3 2.8 15.0

18.6 2.1 15.0

.. .. ..

-2.3 -0.4 -2.7

-8.5 -13.3 -7.6

Non-energy Use 4.4 3.1 2.1 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1.2

1.7

1.6

..

-4.4

-1.9

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.39

OECD Europe 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

386.63 252.42 203.10 49.33 6.56 27.58 0.01 2.80 39.59 4.40 3.13 13.41 0.84 17.80 47.57 0.08

418.98 283.00 232.57 50.42 5.99 27.51 0.01 2.43 42.77 4.38 4.09 14.81 0.91 18.58 48.76 0.09

377.67 279.83 242.08 37.75 2.02 18.30 3.58 0.57 40.25 4.25 5.66 16.53 2.18 11.63 28.26 0.05

278.27 224.07 214.20 9.87 0.84 7.29 32.11 4.10 3.11 9.97 1.79 13.14 13.41 0.03

294.91 241.68 231.05 10.63 0.60 7.18 27.33 3.04 2.90 7.07 1.57 12.76 12.07 0.03

295.41 240.93 230.16 10.77 0.53 7.12 29.75 4.56 2.94 7.19 1.61 13.46 12.52 0.16

286.59 232.71 223.63 9.08 0.45 7.48 28.70 4.51 2.93 6.76 1.57 12.94 12.68 0.12

-0.20 0.86 1.47 -2.20 -9.36 -3.36 72.95 -12.40 0.14 -0.29 5.06 1.76 8.26 -3.48 -4.25 -3.32

-1.82 -1.22 -0.53 -9.06 -9.50 5.03 -2.23 0.39 -4.30 -5.78 -2.16 0.71 -5.20 5.85

119.30 7.14 6.19 0.95 110.11 1.30 0.14 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.27 -

129.48 10.83 9.59 1.25 116.09 0.29 1.10 0.23 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.21 0.32 -

111.33 18.23 14.32 3.91 89.71 1.45 0.10 1.98 1.63 0.01 0.34 0.14 -

92.83 13.37 10.17 3.20 73.01 1.85 2.59 0.18 0.00 0.02 2.39 0.10 0.23

84.42 14.07 11.70 2.38 66.97 2.53 0.92 0.18 0.01 0.72 0.21 0.18

86.44 13.99 11.41 2.58 67.96 2.61 0.56 0.26 0.02 0.28 0.12 0.19

81.71 12.70 10.73 1.97 64.76 2.83 0.79 0.21 0.01 0.57 0.13 0.22

-0.57 8.12 7.23 12.52 -1.69 -19.50 24.49 57.52 13.00 8.07 -5.56 -

-2.04 -2.38 -1.90 -4.48 -2.15 4.55 -5.95 -12.90 0.50 3.61 -0.60 -

591.89 609.46 660.11 359.55 373.47 462.88 343.49 353.79 436.44 16.06 19.69 26.44 134.34 139.29 109.29 6.40 6.34 2.83 48.24 46.99 40.44 1.12 1.44 1.40 14.37 15.53 10.72 1.65 1.67 1.64 4.04 4.15 1.96 27.07 24.21 24.71 28.55 36.62 39.45 Non-energy use 0.83 0.82 0.58 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

442.36 405.07 398.85 6.22 12.18 1.35 13.91 0.22 3.13 0.64 0.47 9.46 7.87 0.02

437.11 402.14 395.93 6.21 11.72 1.54 12.81 0.47 2.74 0.44 0.48 8.68 7.47 0.03

436.06 400.38 394.41 5.98 12.31 1.51 11.29 0.09 2.97 0.29 0.30 7.63 9.03 0.03

441.24 409.37 403.35 6.02 12.44 1.49 8.78 0.09 2.99 0.29 0.43 4.99 7.70 0.04

0.91 2.13 2.02 4.24 -1.70 -6.57 -1.46 1.91 -2.41 -0.03 -5.84 -0.76 2.73 -2.94

-2.65 -0.82 -0.52 -9.39 -13.49 -4.20 -9.68 -16.72 -8.17 -10.90 -9.70 -10.12 -10.32 -16.06

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.40 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD Europe 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(US Dollars / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal .. Coking Coal .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. Natural Gas .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

97.87 70.11 .. .. 5.30 22.46

143.18 117.95 48.55 69.40 5.74 19.49

168.26 150.73 56.37 94.36 5.20 12.33

196.14 179.67 56.68 122.99 1.96 14.51

201.75 186.35 49.22 137.13 1.16 14.23

215.04 199.02 48.05 150.97 0.86 15.17

230.42 215.82 53.18 162.64 0.81 13.78

227.35 213.74 53.86 159.88 1.08 12.54

236.35 223.28 55.67 167.60 1.22 11.86

Total Exports 77.44 75.01 58.73 48.08 47.55 44.42 47.18 Hard Coal 52.78 51.43 40.32 38.09 38.09 34.58 36.38 Coking Coal .. 13.64 8.22 9.76 7.53 6.63 6.71 Steam Coal .. 37.78 32.10 28.33 30.56 27.94 29.67 Brown Coal / Lignite 1.43 4.55 4.28 1.30 0.99 0.57 0.54 Peat 0.00 0.12 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 Coal Products(1) 23.23 19.03 14.00 8.63 8.42 9.23 10.22 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

41.44 31.83 6.46 25.37 0.65 0.05 8.91

41.48 28.78 7.90 20.88 0.82 0.04 11.83

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.41

OECD Europe 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

92461 e 126676 e 159823 e 196091

205232

219179

237210

235836

246698

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

39034 4497 294 909 10550 6190 79 8745 105

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

206 3005 e 4454 53427 e 2955 816 243 6716 15647 e 2285 499 980

21 10814 2863 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 9588 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

1980

48204 4326 224 1072 8326 4668 66 21591 182

1990

54985 10043 e 2812 e 774 3141 2570 65 28433 e 80

56071 21758 7072 3388 e 2 3125 e 16900 31

48850 20905 6761 3419 e 8 2599 e 10186 331

47392 19478 5952 4059 2755 10706 97

52255 20587 6067 3656 108 2955 12490 100

52874 20361 6735 3366 289 3250 6 13818 188

54640 21459 6927 4541 2 4076 12633 61

1 24 46 158 2419 e 4419

2 140 441 388 2327 e 26 418 53 -

588 86 451 2118 e 164 1117 117

162 355 121 387 1670 512 1109 29

1976 275 433 1918 543 969 178

279 183 295 2658 548 872 26

291 206 55 3326 336 596 20 111

78472 e 104838 e 140020 156382 171787 4875 9790 e 9416 9751 12162 695 832 e 12 329 207 255 327 e 2393 e 2385 e 1814 4145 2124 e 437 564 315 16971 e 13084 e 18591 e 18116 e 16075 4184 2423 e 593 323 365 14231 20504 e 4724 4499 2529 1406 3548 e 3665 2752 3576

184955 10442 286 1801 551 16241 303 3749 2464

182962 7594 807 1004 573 15482 297 2364 2692

192058 6881 245 968 513 14612 166 4069 2724

3112 25621 13559 55859 41292 2215 1397 321 5742

1898 26522 14248 52971 48662 3035 1142 213 3459

354 23940 19641 54745 54607 3092 948 416 4137

544 2992 e 4213

417 20027 2405 8861

2783 9060 194 26099 6115 1475 6480

e e

e e

1887 22306 8230 42810 15298 e 896 e 3081 561 5120

2168 21401 11022 54459 22730 e 2636 e 2217 245 785

3635 24479 12423 58920 28462 1658 3760 343 1064

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.42 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD Europe 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1) Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

19495 e

14068

8555

9747

7640

6767

6757

6647

8174

23602 .. 813 1991 .. .. .. .. 5020 154 .. .. .. .. 2480 375 .. 286 .. 1050 .. .. .. .. 5126 457 316 18 89 198 103

18081 .. 664 820 .. .. 2 27 4201 206 .. .. .. .. 2527 .. .. 1 .. 797 .. .. .. .. 4345 20 123 .. .. 3 ..

9676 1844 1 214 717 108 1061 1010 4 323 53 538 1570 65 494 100 4 -

8262 1798 83 468 5 404 242 588 488 3 65 2 1 116 306 1625 144 11 286 2 -

8558 1856 43 411 403 181 367 541 2 122 399 2010 4 209 -

9025 1713 169 462 20 354 253 266 385 5 4 572 2308 118 88 -

8065 1514 5 523 13 30 396 449 1 295 48 592 1909 99 212 70

7003 1517 915 79 181 603 1 94 30 1570 899 142 73 -

e e e

e

e e

e e e

e

e

e e

12136 .. 785 753 .. .. .. .. 1443 28 .. .. .. 1 859 .. .. .. .. 475 .. .. .. 12 3681 415 .. 3 .. .. ..

e e

e

e

e

1219 15 .. .. .. .. .. .. 520 5 .. 479

330 .. .. 115 .. .. .. .. 166 .. .. 49

100 .. .. 100 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1642 143 529 62 2 2 903

1003 253 629 118 3

219 214 1 4

39 37 1

598 355 2 134

3735 70 298 1701

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

2

-

-

-

-

2

-

1

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.43

OECD Europe 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes)

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

49632

42115

36502

31722

34390

31010

32971

29217

23901

31989 1643 684 864 2382 1228 2413 15459 2 322 7 468 923 93 363 597 117 5 1217 441 172 20 1351 1

33875 2163 1171 733 2637 1506 2169 15425 121 241 12 572 545 56 836 454 164 428 1069 145 459 96 1768 36

29909 2079 334 1 749 1360 1686 2859 14520 274 278 6 562 4 52 125 399 138 284 849 150 706 25 40 1580 -

33025 2708 700 1 783 1410 1272 2606 16767 69 258 16 650 96 42 517 592 56 216 868 102 334 8 19 1999 68

29396 2182 867 19 719 1154 963 3116 13364 144 321 45 595 245 38 651 496 127 437 721 58 208 8 66 2084 47

23552 2149 409 12 938 694 762 2035 11795 122 321 65 483 156 31 622 359 175 144 201 113 308 7 1386 64

9396 .. 15 2528 .. .. 1083 6 2594 1130 1 .. .. 209 93 .. .. 52 .. 674 .. 167 .. 15 237 21 70 82 74 108 ..

e

e

e e

e

e e e

10881 .. 27 2211 .. .. 926 157 2672 2220 1 .. .. 289 32 .. .. 96 .. 949 .. 108 .. 9 322 13 79 265 .. 183 ..

e

e

e

e e

e

e e e

7936 1 14 1229 .. .. 415 206 1026 2359 .. .. 18 335 93 61 .. 3 .. 298 .. 339 1 186 198 259 132 51 .. 514 ..

e

e

e

e

e e

e

56 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2 .. .. 54

97 12 .. .. .. .. .. .. 10 1 .. 74

688 10 .. 1 .. 1 .. .. 357 .. 3 316

1032 2 1 5 16 4 894

1423 1 1 371 2 1 1006

1861 1 1 370 1 2 1395

823 1 1 46 501 1 142

622 4 1 5 436 4 90

1073 2 1 1 3 1 536

Non-Specified/Other 40417 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

31459

28076

28

202

180

122

2

6

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.44 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

OECD Europe 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

56.95

65.01

58.49

53.56

56.63

59.61

78.12

109.61

125.86

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

53.10 52.85 182.83 54.82 57.30 .. 96.23 39.86 50.68

67.29 64.53 67.03 63.98 63.07 63.56 68.65 58.81 57.44

57.03 57.02 82.00 59.26 61.20 51.72 59.04 49.65 56.00

51.24 54.59 .. 51.58 58.54 80.62 38.69 42.10 58.89

55.52 56.90 53.93 50.15 61.48 80.88 .. 38.69 58.11

58.03 61.31 .. 62.24 64.18 81.65 166.16 39.20 47.45

73.63 76.64 98.50 108.71 84.75 198.13 84.09 61.31 86.41

114.89 113.81 242.07 138.92 110.91 219.14 104.26 71.77 86.05

135.52 137.66 112.10 118.82 123.44 146.38 2611.31 66.18 81.32

46.49 52.64 47.51 42.96 38.69 41.94 61.91 Imports from: Australia 43.69 52.03 45.06 44.13 43.28 46.83 69.05 Canada 50.10 52.72 44.71 46.14 50.77 88.14 87.68 Czech Republic 57.22 65.54 63.84 52.99 53.68 64.04 83.24 Poland 51.56 61.05 46.78 44.41 40.75 43.26 68.95 United States 54.21 54.69 49.12 46.52 43.48 47.37 61.50 China 39.56 49.36 45.29 40.90 44.30 51.38 60.61 Colombia 39.48 52.60 43.42 42.32 36.99 41.65 61.54 South Africa 37.44 45.18 43.76 42.32 36.65 39.10 58.00 Former USSR(2) 38.63 44.69 42.55 42.16 36.79 42.22 65.14 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

71.27

69.83

106.40 119.03 113.59 78.34 86.75 93.41 67.98 67.64 68.46

109.71 146.42 102.69 75.65 82.08 150.20 66.07 66.24 68.03

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.45

IEA Total* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

8000

140

7000

120

6000

100

5000

80

4000 60 3000 40 2000 20

1000 0 1970

1975

1980

Coal

Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

1975

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) 1600

1400

1400

1200

1200

1000

1000

800

800

600

600

400

400

200

200

12000

1975

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

1600

0 1970

1980

2005

0 1970

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 14000 12000

10000

10000

8000

8000 6000 6000 4000 4000 2000 0 1970 Coal

2000

1975 Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.46 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA Total 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 5142.39 5477.45 6111.12 Coal 1084.08 1220.91 1394.83 Oil 2775.82 2671.29 2568.05 Gas 982.17 1067.17 1147.76 Comb. Renew/Waste 111.96 143.65 187.22 Nuclear 70.23 230.10 637.29 Hydro 109.49 130.24 139.92 Geothermal 7.98 12.52 30.82 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.07 0.10 2.67 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.60 1.48 2.54 Heat(2) 0.03 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

7236.63 1465.11 2929.37 1581.92 232.58 826.43 156.29 34.84 8.16 1.39 0.54

7466.51 1522.56 3021.85 1620.45 250.26 853.52 150.93 28.59 14.13 3.59 0.64

7508.06 1517.98 3026.67 1641.62 258.41 862.77 150.98 28.53 16.34 4.06 0.71

7480.15 1517.75 2974.71 1642.02 272.65 865.47 152.65 31.80 19.09 3.33 0.68

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.02 1.49 -0.46 0.92 3.07 13.85 1.45 8.27 24.04 8.83 -

1.38 0.57 1.10 2.41 2.17 2.04 0.51 -0.51 12.83 3.18 24.14

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

11804 14204 19345 24879 26827 27524 0.44 0.39 0.32 0.29 0.28 0.27 Population (millions) 810.6 858.1 918.7 987.7 1016.3 1022.4 TPES/population(1) 6.34 6.38 6.65 7.33 7.35 7.34 TPES/GDP(2) 149.8 132.6 108.6 100.0 95.7 93.8 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 156.0 146.0 122.4 100.0 96.4 93.7 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 97.0 100.9 99.5 100.0 98.6 98.4 Elec. Generation (TWh) 4318 5433 7281 9206 9708 9962 Industrial Production(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

28331 0.26 1028.1 7.28 90.8 91.0 .. 9973 ..

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.95 -1.87 0.74 0.28 -1.87 -1.41 0.15 3.12 -

2.38 -0.97 0.72 0.66 -0.97 -1.77 -0.08 2.11 -

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

249.43 614.20 199.63 2.30

273.30 713.85 217.92 2.67

248.74 868.82 245.77 5.06

209.74 870.19 189.59 3.48

206.59 904.80 189.75 3.12

218.00 915.64 188.10 4.67

216.05 932.31 188.42 5.73

-0.02 2.93 1.75 6.79

-0.88 0.35 -1.77 -0.54

Mt: Coking Coal 255.15 278.18 251.16 216.52 215.02 228.06 225.79 Steam Coal 737.38 861.53 1049.84 1063.39 1136.29 1150.46 1177.57 Brown Coal 619.35 656.77 734.22 550.99 549.32 556.64 557.18 Peat 8.05 9.34 14.93 10.59 9.44 13.84 16.85 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-0.13 2.99 1.43 5.28

-0.64 0.61 -1.83 -0.50

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.47

IEA Total 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

3893.94 360.69 2248.55 716.31 108.26 0.07 448.84 11.22

4003.24 302.53 2197.31 780.52 136.13 0.10 0.04 562.11 24.51

4245.66 294.36 2239.46 805.09 113.32 2.18 2.04 754.89 34.33

5017.28 169.16 2619.34 1022.60 168.74 3.19 4.35 975.64 54.26

5124.89 163.22 2673.92 1030.86 161.21 3.82 4.19 1015.37 72.29

5216.43 169.69 2725.80 1029.39 167.90 3.86 4.19 1037.44 78.17

5241.35 160.46 2720.92 1017.23 174.75 4.19 4.24 1062.01 97.56

0.51 -1.19 -0.02 0.69 0.27 22.27 3.11 6.80

1.41 -3.96 1.31 1.57 2.93 4.45 4.98 2.30 7.21

1297.31 236.91 434.35 347.31 57.63 217.47 3.64

1260.00 207.46 386.49 339.27 67.21 253.39 6.18

1093.12 210.34 228.25 299.35 46.98 0.31 0.01 300.57 7.31

1207.31 149.83 193.14 380.09 94.62 0.36 0.14 372.16 16.98

1158.12 145.65 188.12 359.31 82.30 0.34 0.17 351.94 30.28

1177.31 150.11 193.74 358.40 86.64 0.34 0.18 358.03 29.87

1161.47 142.92 193.35 344.68 89.28 0.37 0.18 360.19 30.51

-1.00 -0.70 -3.71 -0.87 -1.20 1.92 4.19

0.41 -2.54 -1.10 0.94 4.37 1.05 20.00 1.21 9.99

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

994.79 5.08 958.42 24.28

1107.56 1.07 1074.68 23.92

1356.00 0.15 1319.04 26.68

1673.15 0.14 1624.98 29.86

1721.05 0.10 1670.32 27.64

1751.36 0.11 1698.42 26.63

1765.32 0.14 1707.02 28.60

1.84 -18.59 1.90 0.56

1.77 -0.44 1.73 0.46

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.00 7.01 751.39 82.19 282.28 218.27

0.00 7.88 747.17 65.66 209.38 252.68

0.00 10.11 796.89 53.82 163.12 279.18

5.78 12.39 929.71 13.22 171.76 360.45

10.13 12.86 961.86 9.19 168.09 385.52

13.07 13.14 958.84 9.54 161.89 382.12

16.30 13.26 976.31 9.28 157.93 383.42

-1.94 2.18 0.35 -2.46 -3.17 1.46

x 1.82 1.36 -11.06 -0.22 2.14

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

31.09 0.07 130.95 6.53 398.30 18.34 186.94 103.37

33.05 0.10 0.04 174.38 11.89 403.26 15.65 150.51 112.74

44.72 0.76 1.91 235.38 18.01 487.61 16.51 119.32 142.21

61.48 1.65 3.99 296.33 20.83 600.24 3.34 112.76 184.15

62.11 2.11 3.84 317.24 13.76 637.33 5.15 118.86 194.44

61.33 2.16 3.82 324.22 13.76 644.05 6.38 113.42 197.18

62.07 2.41 3.86 342.83 14.52 647.20 4.97 109.39 200.30

2.16 14.91 3.51 6.15 1.20 -0.62 -2.61 1.89

2.21 8.02 4.79 2.54 -1.43 1.91 -7.69 -0.58 2.31

Comb. Renew/Waste 1.07 1.47 0.47 Geothermal 0.07 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.09 Electricity 88.27 121.07 202.12 Heat 0.32 1.82 6.82 Non-Energy Use 307.47 320.86 388.10 Coal 3.39 2.62 2.81 Oil 298.67 299.13 341.52 Gas 5.41 19.11 43.77 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

3.38 0.61 0.10 285.97 9.92 501.79 1.98 448.40 51.41

5.10 0.79 0.14 303.61 9.25 511.98 2.38 462.98 46.62

5.41 0.78 0.14 312.24 8.50 538.22 2.45 488.40 47.37

5.36 0.84 0.15 317.26 8.93 531.56 2.30 483.99 45.27

-4.67 4.99 19.71 1.38 -1.09 0.79 13.09

17.55 18.09 3.41 3.05 1.82 2.12 -1.34 2.35 0.23

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which: Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.48 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA Total 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

1020.5 163.4 -120.1 20.3

1207.7 225.0 -185.4 -26.4

1368.4 303.5 -255.6 -21.4

1273.0 416.7 -281.3 56.7

1304.3 508.0 -295.3 5.6

1326.4 494.3 -308.3 5.6

1342.5 512.6 -307.2 -30.1

1.7 3.7 4.5 x

-0.2 3.3 1.3 x

Primary Supply

1084.1

1220.9

1394.8

1465.1

1522.6

1518.0

1517.7

1.5

0.6

Statistical Difference

27.8

-9.6

10.2

6.4

-24.5

-16.5

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-717.0

-884.0

-1091.5

-1285.3

-1312.9

-1325.9

..

2.5

1.3

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-583.2 -578.2 -5.0

-768.7 -729.0 -39.7

-989.9 -938.3 -51.6

-1189.0 -1138.5 -50.5

-1227.1 -1181.0 -46.1

-1241.3 -1198.9 -42.5

.. .. ..

3.2 2.9 14.7

1.5 1.6 -1.3

-9.9

-6.9

-6.0

-3.6

-3.3

-3.5

..

-2.9

-3.6

-123.9 2.2 -89.5 -35.8 -0.8

-108.4 1.4 -74.4 -35.3 -0.0

-95.6 -1.1 -71.5 -18.4 -4.6

-92.7 -0.3 -74.7 -17.6 -0.0

-82.6 -0.3 -72.2 -15.7 5.7

-81.1 -0.4 -70.5 -17.0 6.8

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.5 -1.3 -3.8 10.8

-1.1 -6.6 -0.1 -0.5 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

-

-

-30.9

-23.3

-18.3

-16.0

-14.3

-13.8

..

-3.0

-1.9

-3.2

-1.4

-0.8

-1.0

-1.1

-1.3

..

x

x

360.7

302.5

294.4

169.2

169.7

160.5

..

-1.2

-4.0

236.9 127.2 25.7 15.1 11.5

207.5 99.4 23.7 27.1 10.9

210.3 81.1 27.3 38.0 15.8

149.8 55.9 16.2 33.4 7.5

150.1 55.8 15.2 31.0 10.3

142.9 50.7 15.8 28.9 10.4

.. .. .. .. ..

-0.7 -2.6 0.4 5.6 1.9

-2.5 -3.1 -3.6 -1.8 -2.8

5.1

1.1

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

..

-18.6

-0.4

115.3 18.3 82.2

91.4 15.7 65.7

81.1 16.5 53.8

17.2 3.3 13.2

17.0 6.4 9.5

15.1 5.0 9.3

.. .. ..

-2.1 -0.6 -2.5

-10.6 -7.7 -11.1

Non-energy Use 3.4 2.6 2.8 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

2.0

2.4

2.3

..

-1.1

-1.3

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.49

IEA Total 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

781.96 614.41 591.85 22.55 23.56 2.40 0.01 0.33 82.41 9.49 13.46 22.11 8.94 28.42 32.42 0.04

882.97 715.28 691.81 23.47 24.78 2.25 0.01 0.26 90.97 7.73 16.54 28.73 9.52 28.45 27.98 0.07

1098.69 926.73 900.36 26.37 22.75 5.97 4.39 0.03 111.23 7.50 22.22 38.48 15.70 27.34 20.56 0.32

1287.11 1174.99 1145.14 29.85 2.06 11.46 10.46 90.25 6.90 15.37 34.03 7.75 26.20 10.05 0.35

1338.09 1132.80 1107.74 25.06 103.96 12.14 9.81 87.01 7.35 13.87 31.28 10.17 24.34 8.24 0.32

1392.16 1147.09 1120.56 26.53 109.46 11.43 9.64 89.66 9.03 12.84 31.15 10.23 26.41 9.61 0.38

1410.52 1161.38 1137.54 23.84 122.37 11.65 9.53 88.35 8.39 14.04 29.40 10.62 25.89 7.96 0.33

2.87 3.48 3.56 1.31 -0.29 7.88 75.90 -19.41 2.53 -1.94 4.27 4.72 4.81 -0.32 -3.72 18.58

1.68 1.52 1.57 -0.67 11.87 4.56 5.30 -1.52 0.75 -3.01 -1.78 -2.57 -0.36 -6.13 0.27

260.73 7.14 6.19 0.95 244.05 5.74 0.23 0.07 0.01 0.00 0.15 0.28 -

277.17 10.83 9.59 1.25 258.50 5.40 0.24 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.21 0.33 -

231.29 18.23 14.32 3.91 206.08 4.51 0.10 2.09 1.59 0.49 0.16 -

188.61 13.32 10.17 3.15 160.97 10.37 2.52 0.14 0.00 2.38 0.10 0.23

178.04 14.02 11.70 2.32 2.42 147.32 13.02 0.95 0.23 0.72 0.21 0.18

182.94 13.91 11.41 2.50 2.60 148.78 12.78 0.58 0.30 0.28 0.12 0.19

175.58 12.62 10.73 1.88 2.90 147.20 13.56 0.77 0.20 0.57 0.13 0.22

-0.99 8.12 7.23 12.52 -1.40 -28.89 20.09 29.75 10.50 -4.53 -

-1.82 -2.42 -1.90 -4.75 -2.22 7.62 -6.47 -13.07 0.96 -1.58 -

615.40 649.29 735.71 387.07 416.35 538.35 370.48 396.67 510.51 16.59 19.69 27.84 136.93 142.35 110.84 6.39 6.31 8.44 47.24 47.10 39.60 1.12 1.17 1.21 14.39 14.84 10.36 1.64 1.53 1.54 4.51 4.19 1.65 25.59 25.36 24.83 28.94 30.46 33.64 Non-energy use 0.83 0.82 0.67 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

560.94 519.37 510.96 8.41 13.09 7.02 15.04 0.21 3.07 0.63 0.40 10.73 7.39 0.16

566.23 521.80 513.60 8.19 12.50 7.07 13.20 0.47 2.99 0.44 0.35 8.96 7.15 0.18

557.25 516.20 508.13 8.07 12.77 6.38 11.64 0.09 3.17 0.30 0.21 7.87 8.38 0.19

568.90 528.44 520.39 8.05 13.33 6.88 9.28 0.09 3.18 0.30 0.37 5.34 7.34 0.21

1.50 2.79 2.71 4.41 -1.75 2.34 -1.46 0.70 -2.70 -0.51 -8.01 -0.25 1.26 -1.79

-1.70 -0.12 0.13 -7.94 -13.17 -1.35 -9.22 -15.99 -7.57 -10.35 -9.58 -9.73 -9.65 -7.57

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.50 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA Total 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(US Dollars / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal .. Coking Coal .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. Natural Gas .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

163.38 138.51 .. .. 2.40 22.47

224.98 203.45 121.67 81.79 1.52 20.01

303.46 288.03 137.47 150.56 2.24 13.19

416.67 391.51 132.22 259.29 4.45 20.71

445.86 420.48 127.97 292.51 5.91 19.47

470.79 444.90 124.62 320.28 6.08 19.80

508.01 480.38 134.37 346.01 4.48 23.16

494.26 469.96 130.26 339.70 5.98 18.32

512.56 488.43 146.55 341.88 6.65 17.47

Total Exports 120.12 185.37 255.58 281.26 272.86 277.44 295.31 Hard Coal 97.46 159.95 237.69 270.89 263.24 269.05 282.57 Coking Coal .. 120.16 149.17 157.39 148.67 151.93 156.99 Steam Coal .. 39.79 88.52 113.49 114.58 117.12 125.59 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.06 4.10 4.13 1.33 1.10 0.67 0.69 Peat 0.00 0.12 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 Coal Products(1) 22.61 21.32 13.63 8.98 8.47 7.68 12.01 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

308.32 295.96 173.84 122.12 0.83 0.05 11.48

307.22 294.98 168.23 126.75 1.05 0.04 11.14

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.51

IEA Total 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1) Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

157236 e 210943 e 300604 e 430006 e 461748 e 487848 e 527503 e 519784 e 539409 95193 29796 11598 909 10948 6619 79 24605 116 420 2566 5249 e 2288 62043 e 4556 970 243 6716 16292 e 2285 9296 980

534 11967 3012 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 5192 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

118477 32520 11811 1072 8326 5055 66 48276 252 979 3347 4890 e 1883

132560 49608 16128 774 3141 2570 52 43199 305

e 134697 e 130653 e 127039 e 136849 e 132489 e 149237 e 67156 e 68030 66120 68627 65826 78554 e 17972 e 15175 13501 14048 15014 19540 1987 1744 1692 1414 1222 1412 2 8 90 272 2 2449 2345 2365 1982 2664 3273 36 5 6 e 24037 e 14619 e 13991 e 18037 e 19031 e 16920 390 632 456 407 460 1043

2803 177 714 3213 e 8569 e 1307

9557 e 140 6327 e 991 3063 e 454 80 92 e

14806 120 e 7274 612 3849 160 1117 162

13777 374 e 7716 432 4903 511 1109 56

14634 287 9194 456 5895 612 969 192

10094 192 e 9842 320 6150 451 872 73

7641 241 11757 55 7553 329 596 20 301

92466 e 168044 e 295309 e 331095 e 360809 e 390654 e 387295 e 390172 9137 34664 e 76723 e 81360 e 86998 e 94893 94251 84780 1099 9885 e 10111 e 7665 7063 5158 6024 3020 255 327 e 1368 1533 1486 1519 953 583 4145 2124 e 425 581 e 327 e 542 530 510 17246 e 13084 e 18305 17937 16008 e 16062 15324 14293 4184 2428 e 589 406 e 420 e 352 298 167 24092 35842 e 17355 e 12678 e 10430 e 14736 e 9923 e 10649 1406 3686 e 4287 e 3283 4350 e 3265 3280 2720 1503 9 21112 2638 5640

6287 10450 1000 33156 9517 1752 150 3692

e e e e

e e

34740 e 29220 23066 e 46312 e 20229 e 386 4985 1573 e 5635

49073 e 30798 e 31839 54678 27896 e 1743 e 5777 e 2519 1329 e

52214 e 38765 e 36060 59057 32834 e 1109 e 8886 e 3171 e 1631 e

42642 41617 e 47192 e 55933 49253 e 1710 e 6155 e 3558 6067

34711 e 47020 e 52464 e 53091 54957 e 2760 e 5169 e 2698 3843

30811 47127 64633 54860 61052 2766 5200 2728 4273

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.52 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA Total 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1) Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

1980

1990

2000

91030 e 119031

151437

163997

2002

e 112261 e 664 e 3835 5694 143 47 9186 1916 412 6 198 9285 56274 4260 1 28 e 3516 252 305 e 4345 2889 e 1196 99 796 2569 -

e 123887 e 785 e 7345 4018 e 50 127 8301 761 28 1 8576 55617 7961 3 e 5175 99 765 e 3681 4265 e 1568 3 2869 7436 772

e 125313 122 e 1245 4583 3501 288 6598 e 4760 809 48 4 7451 52886 15305 1406 e 4422 42 538 198 e 901 4609 1634 46 3854 8622 540

111078 1233 3212 4277 706 5972 3500 17 489 87 3 4892 50423 10168 2 1386 6152 16 306 1371 3897 1386 2526 6022 1664

7748 2121 1186 218 232 1348 521 951 69 722

11927 3490 1196 1021 490 1120 808 1663 168 1067

27055 7618 3155 1009 4895 50 3815 1068 1372 1823 1228

36150 10552 7713 682 10795 56 443 1823 1867 1316 903

33711 8082 5087 936 12 12554 151 3048 1563 1668 610

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

92

5198

3435

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2004

2005

2006e

154387 e 157816 e 165557 e 183452 e 177409

88788 813 3468 5410 7661 714 191 6868 42951 2503 286 10 2971 68 265 5126 1888 769 18 498 1027 157

Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

2003

e 111098 1233 e 2582 3263 e 811 e 5940 e 3323 431 83 2 e 5123 e 49741 e 10710 e 1821 e 5980 19 399 1647 e 4367 1341 e 2932 e 6291 e 1412

e 116822 1084 e 2689 3431 e 736 e 5500 e 3814 553 304 82 5 e 4607 e 50154 e 13986 e 1704 e 7461 32 572 88 1311 e 4102 1777 22 e 3139 e 6449 e 1909

e 129999 1233 e 3414 4034 e 1168 e 5535 e 4224 e 230 57 15 e 6199 e 54450 e 17954 e 1582 e 8007 18 592 1287 e 4499 1690 e 3387 e 7366 e 1771

e 121168 940 e 3590 4134 e 1172 e 4990 e 4467 520 19 1 e 6412 e 52960 e 12277 e 2125 e 9306 1570 54 e 3536 1596 e 3284 e 6609 e 1552

e e e e

e e e e

e e e e

e e e e

e

e e e

10969 e

39281 9602 4901 1551 14126 161 260 3028 2003 2652 997

e e e e

9084 e

44011 8779 6749 1120 14395 311 2735 2050 6447 1197 6263

e

e e e

51295 8376 8365 1059 18520 129 593 3184 2381 6363 1640 4130

e e e

51409 9218 8937 1094 17351 194 146 2693 2455 3958 3131 7118

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.53

IEA Total 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes)

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

25867

47078

96200

128228

80590 2 14 3536 10083 4885 206 3657 2868 33 1790 4544 30430 4243 3 188 8516 1 401 1 1572 198 746 308 80 15 1847 225

e 106295 430 1134 13524 1 e 380 53 2034 e 9657 111 43 7 1012 447 51786 13730 93 373 3348 16 e 583 117 343 e 931 1492 e 109 20 110 e 2826 654

109068 16 517 1755 10859 834 280 1782 8906 122 51 12 1726 957 52278 15887 56 1644 3145 76 413 164 903 780 1812 183 166 149 2186 629

24546 15 2555 8782 1542 6 3314 2116 1 209 115 1732 356 52 1021 167 15 237 21 70 82 79 1040 782

e

e

e e

e

e e e

43055 27 3697 10136 2838 390 6181 4094 5 448 956 5007 563 96 3136 108 33 322 983 118 265 3269 61

e

e

e

e e

e

e e e

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

132158 e 134694 e 143917 e 139971 e 144355

355 11 76 3 82 129 54

2983 110 1521 462 66 576 166 82

14582 345 6866 1 2551 48 1058 33 1039 642 1624 363

22424 22 10034 2 421 2469 2623 827 1422 4318 144

23592 67 10961 574 1645 1912 2 127 1009 7282 8

Non-Specified/Other 1203 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

1362

1238

582

283

e 112068 e 121184 e 114480 e 117878 e 22 e 602 1196 995 864 851 802 646 481 15570 12681 13644 13921 1 e 2 2 4 e 1190 e 1191 383 804 195 7 310 609 e 1882 e 2613 2419 e 2279 8148 10188 6706 6108 e 276 e 69 144 122 21 81 106 7 36 46 1270 1361 877 248 831 632 164 1 e 52905 e 60417 e 58241 e 60706 e 14765 e 16886 18696 e 21156 52 42 38 31 3363 2957 e 4579 4918 e 2506 e 2507 1983 1498 118 106 56 82 e 345 409 354 199 138 56 127 175 1521 781 357 410 550 574 471 1667 1036 308 826 174 131 271 94 96 8 8 7 e 114 e 48 112 1814 3037 1824 1848 e 531 e 866 e 177 e 335 e

e e e e

22930 232 10817 1 735 1544 1296 185 847 7149 62 308

e

e

e e

23312 e 883 9896 1 1202 1969 1716 135 358 1358 e 5354 220

25883 e 726 14330 4 374 1430 1170 844 63 809 e 5893 e 159

215

160

26854 231 13208 2 77 1297 321 930 190 1184 8355 569 113

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.54 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA North America* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

4000

160

3500

140

3000

120

2500

100

2000

80

1500

60

1000

40

500

20

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

1975

1980

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

1000

900

900

800

800

700

700

600

600

500

500 400

400

300

300 200

200

100

100

0 1970

6000

1975

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 7000 6000

5000

5000

4000

4000 3000 3000 2000 2000 1000

1000

0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.55

IEA North America 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 2708.98 2863.78 3052.67 Coal 466.16 567.79 689.40 Oil 1291.26 1275.46 1210.83 Gas 788.26 746.19 705.58 Comb. Renew/Waste 64.73 88.77 100.63 Nuclear 39.01 113.96 255.40 Hydro 56.52 65.11 70.01 Geothermal 3.01 6.57 20.14 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.46 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.03 -0.06 0.20 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

3651.16 817.73 1398.24 893.34 121.15 324.09 75.15 18.70 2.98 -0.21 -

3710.37 824.59 1493.46 843.04 121.42 336.45 75.18 12.28 3.89 0.06 -

3731.77 833.77 1500.30 842.92 123.79 336.09 78.13 12.33 4.34 0.11 -

3703.70 821.75 1477.63 837.30 128.38 339.36 79.42 14.91 5.38 -0.43 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 0.71 2.33 -0.38 -0.65 2.63 11.69 1.27 11.83 11.90 -

1.35 1.28 1.44 1.19 1.39 1.85 0.73 -3.22 16.11 -4.08 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

4630 5540 7599 10490 11451 11818 0.59 0.52 0.40 0.35 0.32 0.32 Population (millions) 234.4 252.2 277.9 313.1 325.9 328.9 TPES/population(1) 11.56 11.35 10.99 11.66 11.38 11.34 TPES/GDP(2) 168.1 148.5 115.4 100.0 93.1 90.7 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 129.2 131.5 116.4 100.0 92.4 90.5 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 107.4 110.8 105.8 100.0 95.0 94.3 Elec. Generation (TWh) 2236 2801 3685 4631 4748 4896 Industrial Production(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

12206 0.30 331.9 11.16 87.2 86.4 .. 4877 ..

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.96 -2.19 1.01 -0.30 -2.19 -0.61 -0.09 2.98 -

2.99 -1.59 1.13 0.21 -1.59 -1.66 -0.76 1.91 -

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

106.78 421.00 23.37 -

132.98 505.67 30.53 -

121.62 646.90 55.87 -

78.90 690.79 57.79 -

64.93 713.59 57.69 -

67.00 726.41 57.99 -

63.42 744.41 58.09 -

1.09 3.64 7.53 -

-3.90 0.78 0.25 -

Mt: Coking Coal 105.98 131.87 120.92 82.45 69.73 73.06 69.07 Steam Coal 487.96 598.48 770.40 845.33 902.87 917.97 946.78 Brown Coal 44.51 59.30 110.57 112.98 112.52 112.91 113.02 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

1.10 3.88 7.88 -

-3.30 1.18 0.14 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.56 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA North America 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2078.52 112.81 1110.73 558.62 64.35 231.88 0.14

2108.14 86.42 1112.11 533.76 88.28 286.10 1.47

2095.59 82.11 1096.72 494.70 42.70 0.48 374.91 3.98

2509.66 49.79 1280.53 590.42 88.34 0.74 2.06 489.07 8.70

2526.28 49.93 1320.71 564.76 80.01 1.07 1.81 499.82 8.18

2574.57 53.16 1368.43 552.13 85.18 1.07 1.81 507.05 5.74

2570.62 48.31 1370.45 533.37 89.85 1.22 1.76 519.82 5.83

0.05 -1.85 -0.07 -0.71 -2.38 2.87 21.94

1.37 -3.47 1.50 0.50 5.08 6.40 2.20 2.58

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

627.87 92.64 123.53 270.24 48.97 92.35 0.14

633.15 74.77 152.64 239.61 56.35 108.34 1.43

475.26 67.93 77.22 181.05 21.06 127.09 0.90

551.86 46.13 46.36 224.56 62.25 0.16 165.29 7.11

492.15 46.20 50.05 198.73 52.12 0.14 138.17 6.73

504.51 48.40 58.53 198.58 55.31 0.14 138.75 4.80

489.51 44.59 59.91 182.97 57.59 0.15 139.46 4.84

-1.62 -1.81 -2.73 -2.33 -4.84 1.90 11.73

0.20 -2.77 -1.68 0.07 6.94 0.62 11.87

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

649.44 0.18 624.28 24.06

682.69 658.63 23.41

780.33 753.27 26.15

946.98 912.66 28.48

976.55 941.22 25.87

992.47 956.24 24.67

1007.36 967.69 26.37

1.09 1.11 0.49

1.72 1.68 0.06

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.92 377.12 4.77 121.78 170.29

0.66 349.36 2.35 75.44 170.28

0.91 341.56 2.17 44.90 162.73

4.74 1.10 421.90 1.99 50.78 185.84

8.12 1.35 433.74 0.03 49.29 190.53

10.15 1.41 425.97 0.04 47.74 181.95

11.85 1.45 430.24 0.04 45.01 180.04

-0.10 -0.58 -4.54 -5.70 -0.27

3.14 1.55 -23.95 0.02 0.68

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

2.73 77.55 237.04 4.87 79.11 94.03

2.73 98.57 230.15 2.63 53.17 96.74

2.30 129.47 0.00 258.88 3.41 36.62 99.39

17.44 0.31 2.06 163.48 315.36 1.30 32.43 119.98

16.65 0.50 1.81 174.93 328.64 2.81 36.34 121.23

16.66 0.50 1.81 177.28 331.51 3.51 37.61 118.34

17.28 0.57 1.76 185.54 0.00 333.98 2.72 36.52 117.28

-1.01 3.06 0.52 -2.07 -4.43 0.33

14.40 2.43 11.30 1.71 -1.51 -0.02 1.11

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 59.03 77.57 116.38 Heat 0.04 3.08 Non-Energy Use 137.00 153.92 186.08 Coal 0.18 0.47 Oil 137.00 150.40 160.95 Gas 3.33 24.67 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1.77 0.27 158.01 1.59 244.96 0.38 213.85 30.73

2.91 0.43 163.46 1.45 249.94 0.36 221.87 27.70

3.01 0.43 167.66 0.94 269.88 0.39 241.55 27.93

2.86 0.49 173.11 1.00 261.10 0.36 234.64 26.10

4.07 1.82 0.95 -

2.68 -7.25 2.28 -1.75 2.54 0.38

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.57

IEA North America 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

492.9 16.0 -55.2 12.5

669.2 16.9 -97.9 -20.4

824.4 16.6 -126.2 -25.4

827.5 31.6 -80.2 38.9

836.2 44.6 -65.4 9.2

851.4 45.5 -69.8 6.7

865.9 51.1 -67.8 -27.4

3.1 0.2 5.0 x

0.2 7.0 -3.9 x

Primary Supply

466.2

567.8

689.4

817.7

824.6

833.8

821.8

2.3

1.3

Statistical Difference

18.7

-10.9

4.1

10.6

-15.2

-15.3

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-363.4

-466.8

-609.5

-776.4

-752.6

-767.0

..

3.1

1.5

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-321.7 -321.7 -

-438.7 -438.7 -0.0

-587.7 -581.3 -6.4

-755.4 -738.5 -17.0

-741.6 -731.8 -9.7

-756.4 -747.7 -8.7

.. .. ..

3.6 3.5 -

1.7 1.7 2.1

-0.1

-

-2.7

-2.7

-2.5

-2.7

..

26.3

-0.1

-41.6 -27.7 -13.9 -

-28.2 -18.4 -9.8 -

-19.1 -12.9 -6.2 -

-18.2 -12.3 -5.9 -

-8.5 -11.1 -2.9 5.5

-7.9 -10.2 -4.2 6.6

.. .. .. .. ..

-4.5 -4.4 -4.6 -

-5.8 -1.6 -2.6 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-8.6

-3.6

-1.9

-2.1

-3.7

-3.1

..

-8.5

3.3

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

112.8

86.4

82.1

49.8

53.2

48.3

..

-1.9

-3.5

92.6 52.1 11.9 5.9 7.1

74.8 33.7 11.2 10.3 7.4

67.9 19.2 12.4 11.6 10.4

46.1 12.8 9.3 12.1 3.6

48.4 8.6 7.5 11.8 6.5

44.6 5.6 7.0 11.4 6.6

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.8 -5.7 0.2 4.1 2.2

-2.8 -7.9 -3.7 -0.1 -3.0

0.2

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

20.0 4.9 4.8

11.5 2.6 2.4

13.7 3.4 2.2

3.3 1.3 2.0

4.4 3.5 0.0

3.4 2.7 0.0

.. .. ..

-2.2 -2.1 -4.5

-8.9 -1.5 -24.0

Non-energy Use 0.2 0.5 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.4

0.4

0.4

..

-

-1.7

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.58 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA North America 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

496.24 418.38 418.37 0.01 46.04 3.73 10.34 11.88 7.82 12.27 8.58 -

560.62 491.32 491.31 0.01 46.33 2.53 12.72 11.62 8.27 11.19 5.40 0.02

715.52 649.21 642.91 6.29 0.18 53.39 1.70 14.26 12.65 11.37 13.42 6.03 0.26

879.98 851.28 835.80 15.49 2.50 37.51 1.35 10.51 13.26 4.10 8.29 3.70 0.33

890.32 760.39 752.50 7.89 102.19 1.85 37.86 0.65 7.98 12.35 6.69 10.18 3.25 0.30

927.20 768.42 760.75 7.67 107.54 1.73 37.67 0.67 7.08 12.69 6.45 10.78 4.05 0.33

943.73 773.30 766.80 6.50 119.90 1.28 37.11 0.28 7.17 12.43 6.77 10.45 3.14 0.29

3.10 3.73 3.65 66.36 1.24 -6.36 2.71 0.53 3.17 0.75 -2.90 -

1.86 1.17 1.18 0.22 13.87 -2.40 -11.34 -4.48 -0.12 -3.39 -1.65 -4.27 0.85

75.66 71.74 -

68.78 67.78 -

40.29 40.27 -

30.42 30.20 -

27.58 2.42 23.75 -

26.05 2.60 23.25 -

24.96 2.90 22.65 -

-5.12 -4.70 -

-3.14 -3.76 -

43.94 58.04 109.28 41.10 53.39 101.99 41.10 53.39 100.89 1.10 5.64 2.47 3.05 1.41 0.17 0.23 0.00 0.17 0.19 0.10 2.31 2.69 1.08 0.34 0.29 0.17 Non-energy use 0.09 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

114.73 110.09 108.85 1.25 5.67 1.59 0.24 0.00 0.10 1.25 0.12 0.14

125.29 115.89 113.80 2.09 5.53 0.41 0.25 0.00 0.06 0.11 0.11 0.15

117.06 110.80 108.68 2.12 4.87 0.36 0.23 0.01 0.06 0.06 0.12 0.16

121.55 113.17 111.11 2.06 5.39 0.49 0.24 0.01 0.07 0.17 0.05 0.16

7.89 7.87 7.77 -4.57 -4.60 -6.12 -5.64 -

0.71 0.70 0.65 4.29 -0.29 -6.84 0.17 7.60 -2.08 -11.53 -7.29 4.12

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.59

IEA North America 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(US Dollars / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal .. Coking Coal .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. Natural Gas .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

15.98 14.72 .. .. 1.26

16.93 16.12 6.21 9.91 0.81

16.60 15.64 4.22 11.41 0.97

31.60 25.00 5.72 19.28 2.80 3.80

37.05 28.91 6.46 22.45 5.07 3.08

42.27 34.16 4.78 29.39 5.59 2.51

44.60 34.55 5.19 29.36 3.96 6.09

45.50 37.18 5.54 31.64 5.23 3.08

51.06 40.81 5.56 35.25 5.85 4.39

Total Exports 55.24 97.89 126.22 80.22 55.54 57.92 65.42 Hard Coal 53.62 96.02 125.51 78.94 54.62 57.13 60.19 Coking Coal .. 71.71 84.68 54.27 39.75 40.91 42.74 Steam Coal .. 24.31 40.83 24.66 14.87 16.21 17.45 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.12 0.11 0.16 Peat Coal Products(1) 1.62 1.84 0.67 1.25 0.80 0.68 5.07 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

69.83 63.74 46.70 17.04 0.18 5.92

67.78 63.61 43.97 19.64 0.23 3.93

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.60 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA North America 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

16929

16717

16618

26255

30623 e

36191 e

37261 e

40145 e

43987

5454 5454 -

6389 6389 -

4491 4491 -

5843 1511 4296 -

6522 e 605 1593 4291 e 9

4828 e 200 1356 3264 e -

5416 e 182 1735 3429 e -

5767 e 144 1458 4155 e -

5786 72 1461 4133 -

-

-

-

36 -

24 e -

8 e -

9 e 1

7 113

11475 933 49 645 8796 -

10328 37 287 9245 -

12127 22 883 5 9639 -

20412 152 155 10284 6

e e e e e

31845 e 86 764 68 40 7371 e 103

34378 e 66 244 70 1 6316 e 39

38201 150 288 1 6043 96

996 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 56 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

699 60

1296 277 5

173 6928 651 61 26 1904 72

799 e 14266 e 1910 71 211 e 64 e 5118 e 20 e 181 e

132 16003 e 1979 31 275 e 225 e 4758 e 10

69 e 20554 e 2239 70 471 e 141 e 4012 e 85 1

55 23267 2855 56 1117 4252 21

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

24101 156 203 25 110 81 7607 29

e e

e e e

660 e 9412 e 1746 70 157 e 81 e 3560 e 204 e

31363 113 441 14 176 55 7692 232

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

e e

70 -

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.61

IEA North America 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

40450

71373

84419

58166

42503 e

43755 e

48196 e

52711 e

49586

36030 1103 5410 1468 560 3069 19925 1173 929 68 265 838 453 409 360 -

62263 2840 5694 141 20 4082 1710 364 6 198 5594 30625 1994 28 2390 252 305 2171 1073 99 796 1881 -

67287 5538 3988 50 127 4880 708 28 6536 26588 2908 3 3975 99 753 3156 866 1957 4355 772

45136 2717 3501 288 2782 1211 65 48 4467 12937 4947 740 2143 42 198 2331 642 2403 3134 540

35107 1918 4277 294 1443 1406 17 11 87 3060 8926 3204 880 2319 13 1452 393 1531 2283 1593

33980 1405 3263 397 1483 1608 83 3495 7488 3268 1324 2595 17 1871 346 1771 2203 1363

36147 1309 3431 412 1388 2020 553 82 2677 7759 3848 1253 2787 32 88 1426 570 22 2457 2298 1735

41133 239 1528 4034 776 1610 2230 57 3672 8446 5497 994 2355 18 2029 464 2667 2915 1602

38320 30 1596 4134 795 1652 2607 70 19 4152 7523 4573 612 2297 54 1397 426 2186 2681 1462

4600 1942 205 218 200 673 1 914 24 243

9930 3490 359 749 263 853 642 1603 49 1018

12768 6327 357 586 50 1559 614 872 529 1040

9805 5564 1440 682 22 56 443 269 496 833

7395 4364 1077 684 9 357 428 264 212

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

84

5198

3225

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

e

e

e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e

e e e

1 e

9774 4841 1077 1306 18 58 695 446 799 534

e

e

e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e

e e e e

1 e

12152 4545 1438 1120 813 121 381 622 2333 587 89

e

e

e e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e e

e e e

12156 4831 1274 706 1078 547 377 575 1060 1130 -

e

e

e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e

e e e

11709 5519 1220 869 959 75 312 681 264 1244 177

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.62 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA North America 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

10808

27123

42493

27341

18368 e

20137 e

20898 e

20572 e

22700

10341 27 8782 309 38 528 22 243 356 27 5 4

25340 1383 10136 1608 233 2984 1188 4 159 924 1426 552 1834 24 970 39 1875 1

35375 1 2178 10083 3321 1758 384 15 1322 4451 4007 719 188 3982 1 62 1386 282 21 15 1005 194

25816 429 13524 70 564 522 456 79 4425 2275 373 643 74 343 441 55 1016 527

17854 16 458 10859 6 15 508 1 633 435 1598 1544 96 239 22 115 614 149 539 7

19436 22 348 15569 1 265 66 46 355 2 216 62 269 568 99 511 406 126 114 212 179

19068 555 12680 67 376 122 1640 665 670 591 317 67 558 760

17956 411 13625 66 64 133 23 964 749 341 829 143 71 67 361 109

e

20788 363 13909 348 360 195 569 1378 917 156 793 267 250 1052 231

95 11 1 82 1 -

1699 98 530 413 56 575 19 8

5903 177 3820 108 530 682 522 5 47

1037 22 1 825 49 8 66

431 17 120 1 127 160 6 -

1799 e 883 1 224 135 358 140 e 29

2501 e 693 1 217 844 63 397 e 128 e 115

1805 176 3 71 927 190 358 6 74

Non-Specified/Other 372 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

84

1227

554

83

60

158

107

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

e e

e e e

e e

e e

e e e

e e e e

573 182 1 184 139 67 128

e e

e e e e

e e

e

e e e

e

e e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e e

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.63

IEA Europe* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

3000

120

2500

100

2000

80

1500

60

1000

40

500

20

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

500

500

400

400

300

300

200

200

100

100

3500

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 600

1975

1980

Renewables

600

0 1970

1975

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 4500 4000

3000

3500 2500 3000 2000

2500 2000

1500

1500

1000

1000 500

500

0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.64 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA Europe 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 1846.06 1945.86 2145.36 Coal 489.58 508.29 507.06 Oil 1060.06 970.75 869.32 Gas 181.42 278.62 348.51 Comb. Renew/Waste 42.19 48.98 71.99 Nuclear 27.60 84.10 286.90 Hydro 41.44 50.13 53.55 Geothermal 3.12 3.38 5.26 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.07 0.07 0.41 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.57 1.54 2.34 Heat(2) 0.03 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

2376.68 380.82 946.70 535.74 92.90 341.87 64.87 7.82 3.82 1.60 0.54

2503.99 386.76 961.79 603.07 108.51 363.25 58.39 9.13 8.97 3.53 0.60

2514.71 372.98 965.59 621.35 113.85 358.57 57.98 9.16 10.61 3.95 0.67

2511.40 376.90 956.54 613.74 123.41 357.50 57.12 9.56 12.22 3.76 0.65

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 0.89 0.21 -1.16 3.91 3.19 14.77 1.52 3.12 11.14 8.62 -

1.06 -2.03 0.70 3.93 3.10 1.50 0.53 3.77 24.15 3.57 23.73

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

4676 5505 7031 8775 9378 0.39 0.35 0.31 0.27 0.27 Population (millions) 416.8 433.0 454.0 477.6 490.2 TPES/population(1) 4.43 4.49 4.73 4.98 5.11 TPES/GDP(2) 145.8 130.5 112.7 100.0 98.6 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 241.2 212.8 166.2 100.0 95.0 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 92.5 99.2 101.4 100.0 101.0 Elec. Generation (TWh) 1520 1905 2468 3013 3241 Industrial Production(2) .. .. .. .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2005

2006e

9541 0.26 492.8 5.10 97.3 90.1 101.0 3290 ..

9822 0.26 495.2 5.07 94.4 88.4 .. 3329 ..

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.43 -1.50 0.50 0.38 -1.50 -2.17 0.54 2.89 -

2.06 -0.97 0.55 0.51 -0.97 -4.00 -0.02 1.94 -

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

95.28 151.33 166.53 2.30

91.83 163.65 176.39 2.67

63.70 129.18 175.21 5.06

27.56 60.48 110.76 3.48

24.65 48.72 110.15 3.12

22.87 41.43 107.52 4.67

21.69 38.36 107.57 5.73

-3.30 -1.31 0.42 6.79

-6.60 -7.30 -3.20 -0.54

Mt: Coking Coal 100.22 96.45 64.65 27.99 24.97 23.23 22.05 Steam Coal 189.74 201.93 158.84 73.96 59.77 51.55 47.72 Brown Coal 544.19 564.34 577.50 370.51 367.95 372.75 372.67 Peat 8.05 9.34 14.93 10.59 9.44 13.84 16.85 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-3.59 -1.47 0.50 5.28

-6.60 -7.23 -2.88 -0.50

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.65

IEA Europe 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

1389.93 201.51 838.33 144.07 38.93 0.07 155.97 11.04

1439.39 164.52 788.13 224.73 42.21 0.10 0.01 196.80 22.89

1525.72 142.99 759.34 274.48 60.55 1.20 0.25 256.85 30.06

1705.29 67.08 843.95 364.43 67.80 1.81 0.96 316.30 42.96

1777.11 60.00 860.69 392.35 68.56 2.10 1.30 333.45 58.67

1808.47 61.91 865.92 400.37 70.11 2.14 1.41 341.24 65.38

1833.40 57.76 865.77 402.01 72.15 2.33 1.50 347.50 84.38

0.55 -2.00 -0.58 3.86 2.63 18.04 2.98 6.07

1.23 -5.86 0.88 2.58 1.18 4.54 12.84 2.04 7.12

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

490.04 110.08 213.44 71.80 6.53 84.70 3.50

455.85 94.55 161.49 90.33 7.68 97.05 4.75

414.28 87.98 79.18 105.32 19.24 0.01 116.14 6.41

431.04 54.04 73.82 134.77 23.06 0.01 0.14 135.32 9.87

442.09 48.72 73.83 139.40 20.98 0.01 0.17 138.14 20.84

443.57 49.95 71.64 137.49 21.73 0.02 0.18 141.64 20.94

441.71 47.24 70.24 138.37 21.75 0.02 0.18 142.35 21.57

-0.98 -1.31 -5.67 2.28 6.57 1.87 3.62

0.43 -4.06 -0.80 1.84 0.82 19.99 1.37 8.43

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

258.39 4.57 249.25 0.22

309.50 1.06 302.74 0.51

407.41 0.05 400.14 0.43

500.06 0.01 489.64 0.95

511.63 0.02 499.81 1.12

524.76 0.01 511.91 1.15

528.37 0.01 513.83 1.25

2.71 -23.25 2.82 3.99

1.75 -9.00 1.68 7.32

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.00 4.35 326.84 65.88 146.47 42.11

0.00 5.18 337.58 50.39 118.09 72.87

0.00 6.79 370.21 39.14 95.62 102.42

1.03 8.42 402.44 10.38 90.87 148.99

2.01 8.67 418.65 8.33 90.85 165.67

2.91 8.79 423.04 8.53 86.94 172.12

4.42 8.86 425.09 7.84 84.85 173.63

-1.94 2.64 0.74 -3.02 -2.48 5.37

64.33 1.79 0.93 -10.16 -0.79 3.58

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

25.50 0.07 40.28 6.53 129.04 13.19 83.44 7.20

27.89 0.10 0.01 56.34 11.89 135.91 12.50 72.84 13.32

39.10 0.68 0.18 75.11 17.97 145.13 11.50 39.92 35.85

41.00 1.34 0.64 89.97 19.25 163.65 0.98 30.37 47.03

42.44 1.60 0.98 96.80 11.98 181.55 1.26 33.85 54.36

42.09 1.65 1.07 98.76 11.88 184.28 1.68 31.24 57.13

42.41 1.83 1.16 100.96 12.40 187.87 1.09 30.95 58.27

2.55 14.21 3.73 6.14 0.69 -0.80 -4.24 9.90

0.54 6.81 13.15 1.99 -2.44 1.74 -14.54 -1.68 3.29

Comb. Renew/Waste 1.07 1.44 0.40 Geothermal 0.01 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.02 Electricity 23.86 34.18 53.93 Heat 0.28 1.63 3.50 Non-Energy Use 110.78 116.53 134.47 Coal 3.39 2.43 1.76 Oil 102.24 98.77 115.43 Gas 5.15 15.33 17.27 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1.37 0.03 0.07 76.35 7.46 149.85 1.03 131.91 16.90

1.77 0.03 0.10 83.32 6.86 151.53 1.45 134.88 15.20

1.98 0.04 0.11 85.59 6.52 153.83 1.47 136.88 15.48

2.10 0.04 0.11 88.49 6.80 156.26 1.38 138.72 16.17

-5.64 4.91 16.00 1.15 -3.77 0.72 7.38

11.71 15.09 11.91 3.36 4.53 1.01 -1.64 1.23 -0.44

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.66 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA Europe 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

433.1 87.8 -38.9 7.6

434.5 133.1 -44.6 -14.7

373.1 158.7 -31.0 6.2

202.3 189.6 -23.3 12.2

186.6 222.5 -23.4 1.0

176.5 218.6 -19.6 -2.5

173.3 226.0 -20.3 -2.1

-0.9 3.5 -1.3 x

-4.9 2.2 -3.0 x

Primary Supply

489.6

508.3

507.1

380.8

386.8

373.0

376.9

0.2

-2.0

Statistical Difference

11.6

3.6

2.8

-2.4

-0.5

-2.1

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-278.1

-331.0

-355.6

-303.2

-316.7

-305.0

..

1.5

-1.0

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-223.6 -218.7 -4.9

-284.8 -249.4 -35.4

-315.7 -281.3 -34.4

-269.6 -252.5 -17.2

-286.6 -269.6 -17.0

-275.4 -260.3 -15.1

.. .. ..

2.0 1.5 12.1

-0.9 -0.5 -5.3

-6.8

-5.1

-2.7

-0.6

-0.7

-0.7

..

-5.3

-8.6

-47.6 2.3 -34.6 -16.1 0.7

-41.1 1.6 -32.2 -11.1 0.6

-37.3 -1.1 -28.3 -8.1 0.2

-33.0 -0.3 -27.0 -5.8 0.2

-29.5 -0.2 -25.2 -4.1 0.1

-28.9 -0.3 -25.1 -3.6 0.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.4 -1.2 -4.0 -7.0

-1.7 -9.3 -0.8 -5.3 -7.3

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

-

-

-18.3

-15.0

-10.4

-7.2

-6.4

-6.9

..

-3.3

-2.8

-3.2

-1.4

-0.8

-1.0

-1.1

-1.3

..

x

x

201.5

164.5

143.0

67.1

61.9

57.8

..

-2.0

-5.9

110.1 48.2 13.4 8.3 4.0

94.5 38.5 11.8 10.9 3.1

88.0 35.4 10.7 14.5 3.5

54.0 23.4 2.6 9.1 1.5

49.9 23.0 3.4 7.2 1.3

47.2 21.7 3.3 6.7 1.3

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.3 -1.8 -1.3 3.3 -0.8

-4.1 -3.2 -7.5 -5.0 -6.3

4.6

1.1

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

-23.3

-9.0

83.5 13.2 65.9

66.5 12.5 50.4

53.2 11.5 39.1

12.0 1.0 10.4

10.5 1.7 8.5

9.1 1.1 7.8

.. .. ..

-2.6 -0.8 -3.0

-11.1 -14.5 -10.2

Non-energy Use 3.4 2.4 1.8 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1.0

1.5

1.4

..

-3.8

-1.6

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.67

IEA Europe 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

228.47 165.46 143.28 22.18 4.92 2.28 0.01 0.14 29.01 4.30 2.78 8.36 0.76 12.81 22.34 0.04

251.92 188.33 166.34 21.99 4.39 2.21 0.01 0.14 32.10 3.68 3.55 9.68 0.80 14.39 21.28 0.05

254.95 200.30 185.22 15.08 1.94 0.09 3.58 0.03 32.81 3.76 5.34 13.22 2.08 8.42 13.56 0.04

206.08 171.11 164.48 6.63 0.84 7.29 21.65 2.86 0.94 7.48 1.00 9.37 5.26 0.01

220.98 187.68 180.91 6.77 0.60 7.18 20.30 2.17 1.71 5.59 0.91 9.92 3.93 0.02

222.79 187.46 179.77 7.69 0.53 7.12 22.78 3.58 1.71 5.64 0.96 10.90 4.37 0.05

214.97 180.35 174.32 6.03 0.45 7.48 22.28 3.68 1.69 5.32 0.96 10.63 3.69 0.04

0.92 1.61 2.16 -3.17 -7.46 -23.82 72.95 -13.37 1.03 -1.11 5.60 3.89 8.74 -3.43 -4.08 -0.63

-1.13 -0.70 -0.40 -5.93 -9.26 5.03 -2.55 -0.13 -7.36 -5.89 -5.04 1.57 -8.31 -0.36

117.12 7.14 6.19 0.95 107.96 1.30 0.12 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.27 -

127.15 10.83 9.59 1.25 114.04 1.10 0.23 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.21 0.32 -

108.18 18.23 14.32 3.91 86.80 1.27 0.10 1.93 1.59 0.34 0.14 -

76.89 13.32 10.17 3.15 58.54 1.50 2.52 0.14 0.00 2.38 0.10 0.23

67.81 14.02 11.70 2.32 50.78 2.15 0.88 0.16 0.72 0.21 0.18

69.89 13.91 11.41 2.50 51.93 2.23 0.51 0.23 0.28 0.12 0.19

67.80 12.62 10.73 1.88 51.17 2.46 0.77 0.20 0.57 0.13 0.22

-0.66 8.12 7.23 12.52 -1.80 -19.50 26.39 57.19 10.15 -5.56 -

-3.07 -2.42 -1.90 -4.75 -3.46 4.47 -5.98 -13.07 3.61 -0.60 -

540.81 558.12 580.23 318.65 333.73 392.22 303.05 315.27 366.55 15.60 18.46 25.68 134.08 139.00 109.06 6.39 6.31 2.81 44.34 43.63 37.99 1.12 1.17 1.21 14.36 14.66 10.10 1.63 1.53 1.54 4.04 3.71 1.56 23.19 22.57 23.58 28.55 30.06 33.39 Non-energy use 0.83 0.82 0.58 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

378.66 342.94 336.86 6.08 12.13 1.35 13.27 0.21 2.83 0.63 0.30 9.31 7.19 0.02

372.28 338.33 332.23 6.10 11.72 1.54 12.56 0.47 2.74 0.43 0.30 8.62 6.97 0.03

371.29 337.25 331.31 5.94 12.31 1.51 11.06 0.09 2.93 0.29 0.15 7.59 8.20 0.03

376.35 345.44 339.44 6.00 12.44 1.49 8.57 0.09 2.94 0.29 0.30 4.96 7.23 0.04

0.59 1.75 1.60 4.24 -1.71 -6.63 -1.28 0.70 -2.89 -0.51 -7.64 0.14 1.32 -2.96

-2.84 -0.84 -0.51 -9.24 -13.48 -4.15 -9.45 -15.99 -7.90 -10.50 -10.50 -9.88 -9.70 -16.05

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.68 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA Europe 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(US Dollars / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal .. Coking Coal .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. Natural Gas .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

87.76 64.18 .. .. 2.40 21.18

133.11 112.50 46.33 66.17 1.52 19.08

158.75 144.80 53.39 91.42 2.24 11.71

189.60 173.63 52.82 120.82 1.65 14.31

194.21 179.37 46.08 133.29 0.84 14.00

207.29 192.01 44.81 147.20 0.49 14.79

222.50 208.73 49.72 159.02 0.52 13.24

218.57 205.73 50.49 155.23 0.75 12.09

225.96 213.99 51.44 162.55 0.80 11.16

Total Exports 38.89 44.65 31.02 23.27 22.57 21.00 23.40 Hard Coal 18.46 23.23 16.30 16.87 17.31 16.30 18.20 Coking Coal .. 13.64 8.22 4.43 3.98 3.91 3.62 Steam Coal .. 9.59 8.07 12.44 13.33 12.38 14.58 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.06 4.07 4.09 1.30 0.98 0.56 0.54 Peat 0.00 0.12 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 Coal Products(1) 20.37 17.35 10.51 5.05 4.23 4.10 4.62 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

19.59 15.04 3.27 11.78 0.65 0.05 3.85

20.29 14.23 4.30 9.93 0.82 0.04 5.19

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.69

IEA Europe 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

85266 e 120622 e 153332 e 189687

197768

211632

229595

227084

236552

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

36854 4497 294 909 10550 6190 79 8745 105

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

206 3005 e 2274 48412 e 2955 816 243 6716 15647 e 2285 499 980

21 10814 2863 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 4573 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

1980

45874 4326 224 1072 8326 4668 66 21591 182

1990

51840 10043 e 2812 e 774 3141 2570 52 28433 e 80

52198 21758 7072 1987 2 2449 16900 23

45693 20905 6761 1744 8 2345 10186 268

44152 19478 5952 1692 2365 10706 92

48788 20587 6067 1414 90 1982 12430 88

49518 20326 6735 1222 272 2664 6 13528 181

50429 21459 6927 1412 2 3273 12427 53

1 24 46 158 2419 e 1287

2 140 441 388 565 418 53 -

588 86 451 957 160 1117 117

162 355 121 387 1193 511 1109 29

1976 275 433 1758 542 969 177

279 183 295 2478 451 872 26

291 206 55 3268 329 596 20 111

74748 e 101492 e 137489 4875 9790 e 9405 695 832 e 12 255 327 e 1368 4145 2124 e 425 16959 e 13084 e 18305 4184 2423 e 589 14231 20452 e 4675 1406 3548 e 3644

152075 9751 329 1533 556 17827 323 4499 2661

167480 12162 207 1486 313 15832 365 2529 3461

180807 10442 286 1519 542 15994 303 3749 2383

177566 7594 807 953 530 15254 297 2355 2632

186123 6881 245 583 510 14293 166 4068 2621

2166 21369 11022 54338 20795 1662 2217 245 782

3633 24479 12423 58906 25479 1045 3760 343 1057

3110 25591 13559 55859 38525 1485 1397 321 5742

1893 26466 14248 52971 44304 2598 1142 213 3310

344 23860 19641 54728 49916 2766 948 416 4137

544 2992 e 1883

417 20027 2405 5149

2783 9060 194 26099 6115 1475 3186

e e

e e

1887 22292 8230 42803 14706 386 3081 561 5120

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.70 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

IEA Europe 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1) Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

19495 e

14068

8555

4457

4119

4057

3721

3496

4624

23602 813 1991 5020 154 2480 375 286 1050 5126 457 316 18 89 198 103

18081 664 820 2 27 4201 206 2527 1 797 4345 20 123 3 -

5358 1245 1 36 930 744 4 538 901 58 -

5490 1233 22 112 586 478 3 2 1 3 306 1371 2 -

5704 1233 43 36 260 431 2 2 399 1647 4 -

5029 1084 125 7 218 304 5 4 572 1311 88 -

4674 994 5 30 248 230 1 592 1287 -

2957 910 9 17 450 1 1570 -

e e e

e

e e

e e e

e

e

e e

12136 785 753 1443 28 1 859 475 12 3681 415 3 -

e e

e

e

e

1219 15 520 5 479

330 115 166 49

100 100 -

-

-

-

2 1

216 2 107

3332 1666

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

2

-

-

-

-

2

-

1

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.71

IEA Europe 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes)

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

9526

11030

8437

13767

15288

13601

16323

12999

10834

14586 430 309 1 168 53 1077 9063 1 43 7 272 10 93 155 509 117 931 59 26 20 311 -

15857 517 753 512 215 1224 8358 121 51 12 252 8 56 835 391 164 83 780 34 135 95 481 -

13904 602 333 1 512 64 1361 7793 274 21 307 2 52 123 345 138 284 550 115 127 25 325 -

16712 1196 244 1 2 339 7 2034 9554 69 7 384 1 42 326 409 56 216 574 57 12 8 600 -

13410 995 218 19 2 317 310 1886 6458 144 81 36 309 38 429 354 127 214 471 17 36 8 470 -

10325 864 118 12 4 178 249 1343 5539 122 106 46 248 1 31 404 199 175 143 76 25 7 371 64

9396 15 2528 1083 6 2594 1130 1 209 93 52 674 167 15 237 21 70 82 74 108 -

e

e

e e

e

e e e

10881 27 2211 926 157 2672 2220 1 289 32 96 949 108 9 322 13 79 265 183 -

e

e

e

e e

e

e e e

7936 1 14 1229 415 206 1026 2359 18 335 93 61 3 298 339 1 186 198 259 132 51 514 -

e

e

e

e

e e

e

56 2 54

97 12 10 1 74

688 10 1 1 357 3 316

160 2 1 2 1 78

16 1 1 1 8

129 1 1 1 2 62

124 1 1 1 1 60

96 4 1 5 4 44

993 2 1 1 3 1 495

Non-Specified/Other 311 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

374

11

28

200

180

121

2

6

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.72 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Australia* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

200

180

180

160

160

140

140

120

120

100

100

80

80 60

60

40

40

20

20 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

1975

1980

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

350

90 80

300

70 250 60 200

50

150

40 30

100

20 50 0 1970

300

10

1975

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 400 350

250

300 200 250 150

200 150

100

100 50 50 0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.73

Australia 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 82.31 100.53 125.07 Coal 32.26 39.03 49.97 Oil 38.78 44.06 46.46 Gas 4.83 10.66 21.12 Comb. Renew/Waste 5.04 5.16 5.66 Nuclear Hydro 1.40 1.59 1.74 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.03 0.12 Net Electricity trade(1) Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

157.84 68.79 52.15 27.53 7.19 2.06 0.12 -

162.20 70.67 49.38 32.49 7.57 1.93 0.18 -

174.22 77.59 54.10 32.92 7.48 1.93 0.20 -

174.98 76.33 54.93 34.61 6.85 2.03 0.23 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.49 2.61 1.07 9.07 0.68 1.27 -

2.23 2.98 1.02 3.00 1.88 0.69 3.66 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

174 210 281 400 457 470 0.47 0.48 0.45 0.39 0.35 0.37 Population (millions) 13.6 14.8 17.2 19.3 20.2 20.5 TPES/population(1) 6.05 6.79 7.28 8.19 8.03 8.51 TPES/GDP(2) 119.6 121.2 112.7 100.0 89.9 93.9 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 107.6 107.9 103.3 100.0 89.8 95.9 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 69.6 87.3 106.4 100.0 100.6 101.7 Elec. Generation (TWh) 64 95 154 207 239 251 Industrial Production(2) .. 61.9 80.4 100.0 103.7 104.9 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

481 0.36 20.6 8.48 92.1 92.2 .. 255 104.6

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.85 -0.35 1.37 1.10 -0.35 -0.24 2.52 5.28 -

3.49 -1.21 1.18 1.04 -1.21 -0.49 -0.30 3.29 1.79

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

38.64 21.76 9.64 -

41.03 23.19 10.90 -

62.86 74.12 14.61 -

101.55 112.64 20.95 -

114.60 138.76 21.80 -

125.76 144.20 22.47 -

128.26 145.82 22.63 -

4.14 10.75 3.52 -

4.73 4.54 2.91 -

Mt: Coking Coal 40.27 42.74 65.01 104.43 117.85 129.33 131.90 Steam Coal 29.63 29.65 93.56 135.00 168.01 175.53 177.50 Brown Coal 30.47 32.89 45.99 67.29 68.61 70.73 71.24 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

4.07 10.06 3.49 -

4.69 4.28 2.91 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.74 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Australia 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

57.12 7.05 35.24 3.39 4.99 6.45 -

67.89 5.99 39.50 7.63 5.00 0.03 9.73 -

82.96 6.12 43.60 12.60 4.65 0.12 15.87 -

102.96 5.88 53.18 16.36 6.20 0.12 21.22 -

103.29 3.92 53.34 16.44 6.08 0.13 23.38 -

105.64 4.74 53.56 16.90 5.92 0.09 24.42 -

109.26 4.96 55.95 17.11 5.78 0.09 25.37 -

2.22 -0.83 1.26 8.03 -0.42 5.45 -

1.85 -1.39 1.68 2.06 1.46 -1.72 3.17 -

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

21.50 6.62 7.65 2.25 2.13 2.85 -

24.92 5.68 7.48 5.05 2.71 3.99 -

27.47 5.82 4.15 8.11 2.12 7.27 -

34.02 5.68 5.13 10.23 3.51 9.46 -

30.63 3.75 4.19 8.88 3.40 10.43 -

32.66 4.52 4.39 9.13 3.64 10.98 -

33.70 4.68 4.88 9.10 3.69 11.34 -

1.45 -0.75 -3.53 7.83 -0.04 5.67 -

1.37 -1.45 1.08 0.78 3.78 3.01 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

19.30 0.03 19.19 -

25.29 0.01 25.18 0.00

32.41 0.10 32.07 0.01

40.34 0.13 39.50 0.43

41.68 0.08 40.90 0.45

41.92 0.09 41.06 0.48

43.19 0.13 42.24 0.50

3.09 7.63 3.07 -

1.93 1.64 1.85 26.89

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.08 7.23 0.27 1.15 0.67

0.11 8.65 0.09 1.14 1.58

0.22 10.70 0.02 0.54 2.76

0.29 12.94 0.00 e 0.50 3.66 e

0.25 13.60 0.01 0.51 3.89

0.28 13.87 0.01 0.50 4.03

0.02 0.31 14.34 0.01 0.50 4.21

6.13 2.33 -14.75 -4.31 8.73

2.16 1.97 -1.60 -0.53 2.84

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

2.86 2.29 1.60 0.13 0.15 0.22

2.26 0.03 3.56 3.44 0.22 0.73 0.55

2.53 0.12 4.74 4.97 0.18 0.36 1.07

2.67 0.12 5.99 7.20 0.06 e 0.44 1.55 e

2.66 0.12 6.41 8.25 0.08 0.71 1.35

2.27 0.08 6.99 8.16 0.12 0.71 1.36

2.05 0.08 7.49 8.31 0.14 0.73 1.40

-0.72 4.35 6.89 1.75 5.33 9.80

-1.38 -2.13 3.10 3.48 -1.72 4.72 1.81

0.01 5.13 6.13 5.64 0.49

0.02 0.01 6.09 6.22 4.35 1.87

0.01 0.01 5.94 5.95 4.04 1.90

0.01 0.01 6.02 6.47 4.58 1.89

6.79 2.51 2.21 5.54

3.97 1.06 -0.42 7.48

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.03 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 1.10 1.90 3.35 Heat Non-Energy Use 3.62 4.06 5.52 Coal Oil 3.37 3.62 4.88 Gas 0.26 0.45 0.64 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.75

Australia 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

57.5 -25.2 -0.0

75.1 -40.7 4.6

151.6 -96.1 -5.5

235.1 e -173.5 7.1

Primary Supply

32.3

39.0

50.0

-

0.0

Statistical Difference

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

2004

2005

2006e

275.2 -202.4 -2.1

292.4 -214.8 -0.1

296.7 -214.3 -6.1

5.9 8.2 x

4.5 5.5 x

68.8

70.7

77.6

76.3

2.6

3.0

-0.0

-0.1

-0.0

-0.1

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-25.2 e

-32.4 e

-43.4 e

-62.3 e

-65.4 e

-72.1 e

..

3.2

3.5

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-19.7 -19.7 -

-28.8 -28.1 -0.7

-41.1 -40.4 -0.7

-60.3 e -59.8 e -0.5 e

-63.5 -63.5 -0.0

-70.0 -70.0 -0.0

.. .. ..

4.4 4.3 -

3.6 3.7 -19.8

-0.1

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-5.4 e -0.2 -2.4 e -2.8 -

-3.6 e -0.2 -2.2 e -1.2 -

-2.2 e -0.1 -1.4 e -0.8 -

-2.1 e -0.0 e -1.5 e -0.5 -

-1.9 e -0.0 -1.2 e -0.7 -

-2.1 e -0.2 -1.1 e -0.8 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-5.1 -5.3 -3.3 -7.3 -

-0.3 6.9 -1.4 0.4 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-0.6

-0.5

-0.5

-0.4

-0.4

..

-

-0.5

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

7.1

6.0

6.1

5.9

4.7

5.0

..

-0.8

-1.4

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

6.6 3.0 e 0.4 0.9 0.3

5.7 2.9 e 0.3 0.8 0.3

5.8 2.1 e 0.3 0.8 0.3

5.7 1.8 e 0.2 e 0.7 e 0.3

4.5 0.9 e 0.2 0.9 0.2

4.7 0.9 e 0.2 1.0 0.3

.. .. .. .. ..

-0.8 -2.1 -2.5 -0.7 -0.4

-1.4 -5.6 -2.8 1.5 -1.1

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

..

7.6

1.6

0.4 0.1 0.3

0.3 0.2 0.1

0.2 0.2 0.0

0.1 0.1 e 0.0 e

0.1 0.1 0.0

0.2 0.1 0.0

.. .. ..

-4.1 1.7 -14.7

-1.7 -1.7 -1.6

-

-

..

-

-

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

-

-

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.76 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Australia 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

24.24 20.89 20.53 0.36 0.04 3.17 0.37 0.15 0.88 0.28 1.49 0.25 -

27.37 23.87 23.50 0.37 0.02 3.30 0.32 0.13 0.90 0.21 1.73 0.22 -

43.37 38.20 37.75 0.45 4.85 0.34 0.13 0.97 0.35 3.06 0.15 -

56.03 51.10 50.91 0.19 4.69 0.10 0.09 0.79 0.33 3.39 0.04 -

57.76 54.13 54.13 0.00 3.48 0.09 0.16 0.84 0.23 2.16 0.02 -

59.78 55.12 55.12 4.46 0.10 0.09 1.04 0.33 2.90 0.05 -

68.36 63.42 63.42 4.69 0.10 0.09 1.17 0.41 2.92 0.05 -

4.97 5.16 5.21 1.82 3.59 -0.73 -1.34 0.83 1.89 6.15 -3.93 -

3.08 3.44 3.52 -0.22 -7.52 -2.69 1.23 1.10 -0.31 -7.10 -

7.22 7.22 -

7.05 7.05 -

5.93 5.93 -

4.80 4.80 -

4.68 4.68 -

5.13 5.13 -

5.35 5.35 -

-1.62 -1.62 -

-0.68 -0.68 -

30.47 32.89 45.99 27.32 29.23 44.14 26.32 28.00 43.07 0.99 1.23 1.07 2.85 3.35 1.78 0.31 0.31 0.07 0.03 0.00 0.26 0.27 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.00 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

67.29 66.34 65.25 1.09 0.96 -

68.36 67.57 67.57 0.79 0.00 0.00 -

68.61 68.15 68.15 0.46 0.00 0.00 -

70.73 69.83 69.83 0.90 0.00 0.00 -

3.49 4.08 4.19 0.62 -3.84 -11.23 0.96 -

2.91 3.11 3.27 -4.47 -21.32 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.77

Australia 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

10.82 67.00 ..

14.48 144.87 ..

29.05 .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. 29.67 67.00 .. 34.32

.. 29.57 144.87 .. 56.81

.. .. .. .. 95.76

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Australian Dollars / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

8.91 80.22 ..

11.97 174.24 ..

35.11 .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

Steam Coal .. .. Coking Coal 25.19 25.22 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 80.22 174.24 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 38.52 64.06 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. .. .. .. 157.84

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

.. .. -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total Exports 25.21 40.70 96.08 173.50 189.41 193.57 202.43 Hard Coal 25.21 40.58 95.56 173.48 189.29 193.35 202.21 Coking Coal .. 34.70 55.94 97.09 102.92 104.82 108.65 Steam Coal .. 5.88 39.62 76.39 86.37 88.52 93.56 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.12 0.52 0.02 0.12 0.23 0.23 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

214.77 214.76 121.47 93.29 0.00

214.33 214.33 117.16 97.17 -

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.78 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Australia 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

31029

33487

58127

99845

105833

107794

111732

124914

120479

29145 374 1173 191 1319 22640 1330 10 992 593 469 54

31847 175 903 48 1164 25579 2266 329 698 685 -

44179 1054 1978 25 1181 28786 5053 713 694 702 912 3081 -

73879 1865 3780 2619 2984 39262 10358 666 2194 2220 992 1451 5488 -

69426 1272 412 4417 1439 1832 40541 6964 506 3802 2445 993 995 3737 71

70428 1134 414 4421 1455 1628 41316 7442 497 3385 2492 995 1161 4088 -

74633 1255 324 4105 1576 1930 41382 10138 451 4670 2676 1207 682 4063 174

83150 1881 392 3895 1746 14 2527 44962 12457 588 5652 2470 1226 720 4451 169

78675 1994 377 3329 1843 2260 44221 7704 1513 7009 2139 1170 1098 3928 90

1884 164 981 32 675 32 -

1634 837 157 227 267 60 86 -

14136 1291 2798 323 4844 2256 454 500 1294 188

25756 4988 6273 10588 1554 1058 1225 70

25439 3718 4010 252 12 12372 151 2691 986 849 398

28283 4464 3824 245 14108 161 202 2333 1196 1287 463

30962 3847 5311 13582 190 2354 1038 3996 609

37634 3094 7091 353 17442 129 46 2807 1339 4930 403

34864 3173 7717 225 16392 194 71 2381 1229 3261 221

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

6

-

210

10968

9083

6172

4130

6940

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.79

Australia 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

5522

8897

45269

87117

98501

100955

106694

106397

110821

4809 150 682 458 1489 320 932 778

6834 103 304 525 686 3581 11 353 1211 60

37279 129 1149 873 125 133 26362 3524 4236 205 155 29 328 31

65890 396 142 393 72 110 284 358 47361 11452 2550 16 992 83 55 1499 127

75357 544 316 65 543 40 841 514 50680 14343 1548 2071 76 705 1164 48 71 1166 622

78728 170 413 65 475 747 767 52636 14197 3264 1872 118 831 1426 47 71 1277 352

85404 3 785 579 258 977 509 58777 16221 2287 1590 106 248 912 119 48 1879 106

83114 17 469 115 568 141 57277 17947 4238 725 56 291 164 45 993 68

86765 278 741 59328 20239 4762 301 82 500 69 425 40

193 76 117 -

1159 991 49 119 -

7990 158 3046 2443 47 528 33 120 1615 -

21227 10034 419 2469 2623 1373 4309 -

23144 50 10961 574 1644 1792 849 7274 -

22227 50 10817 735 1543 1295 708 7079 -

21387 9894 1202 1744 1716 1218 5351 131

23283 33 14329 374 1212 1165 412 5758 -

24056 55 13205 77 1225 320 826 8348 -

Non-Specified/Other 520 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

904

-

-

-

-

34

-

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.80 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Australia 13. COAL EXPORT VALUES BY DESTINATION* (Average Unit Value, FOB, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

40.27

47.72

44.23

36.93

40.16

39.75

48.84

88.94

98.27

Exports to: Belgium Canada Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Ireland Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom Other OECD Non-OECD

41.53 x x x 36.78 x x x 36.30 40.02 39.43 x x 38.17 38.41 x 39.17 36.89 x 42.16

51.66 x x x 47.00 46.30 x x 46.76 46.98 50.32 x x 48.27 50.15 x 50.25 47.25 x 48.23

44.65 x x x 43.07 43.41 x x 42.06 43.37 44.75 x 49.00 48.65 48.95 x 44.26 45.13 x 46.32

37.47 x x 46.27 37.32 38.12 x x 42.68 34.46 41.09 x x 39.42 47.05 x 35.87 40.13 40.21 38.99

40.97 x x 49.53 41.41 45.07 x x 45.90 36.79 46.17 x x 43.44 47.14 x 45.14 45.34 49.77 43.27

40.12 x x 44.79 39.06 44.75 x x 45.51 36.18 45.45 x x 42.51 47.84 x 45.07 43.34 47.98 42.92

52.40 x x 53.57 46.79 52.50 x 32.97 51.40 45.51 52.07 x x 51.15 55.50 x 52.53 53.67 46.57 52.19

104.61 x x 125.25 96.94 99.12 x x 102.14 83.74 98.18 x x 98.95 117.03 x 108.84 100.80 84.19 88.25

102.26 x x 114.87 100.91 117.71 x x 116.96 94.04 102.32 x x 111.44 114.40 x 92.04 104.06 94.22 102.03

30.77 38.34 34.99 28.71 28.01 25.41 37.65 Exports to: Belgium 29.60 38.42 33.43 28.86 22.03 21.12 63.04 Canada x x x x x x x Denmark 24.14 32.29 24.73 28.25 21.50 23.76 22.50 Finland 42.19 x x x 21.45 x x France 24.80 33.82 32.97 31.38 22.62 24.05 29.77 Germany 28.03 37.74 29.61 28.01 34.99 28.01 51.32 Greece 29.09 x x 27.44 x x x Ireland x x 34.14 24.97 22.33 24.86 28.34 Italy x x 37.75 31.07 25.26 24.77 31.26 Japan 32.93 40.03 36.85 29.69 29.20 26.00 38.45 Netherlands 27.20 36.31 33.03 26.45 24.65 26.69 42.90 Norway x x x x x x x Portugal x x 31.12 27.89 27.90 25.14 x Spain 27.23 32.00 x 22.51 24.35 25.33 26.26 Sweden 28.09 x 37.85 38.89 37.96 35.16 42.91 Switzerland x x x x 18.15 x x Turkey x x x 32.82 x 36.49 36.39 United Kingdom 34.46 35.45 x 22.89 25.12 24.05 35.39 Other OECD 30.63 26.23 34.69 32.51 30.40 25.40 64.52 Non-OECD 27.63 35.56 31.43 27.71 26.94 25.10 32.93 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high export costs.

48.86

47.05

x x 44.09 x 45.88 6.13 x 29.92 x 49.42 60.71 x x 42.82 67.75 x x 54.27 57.50 46.65

67.08 x 55.39 x 46.28 42.03 x x x 50.59 50.50 x x 51.11 66.81 x x 46.30 45.56 41.66

Steam Coal(1)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.81

Austria* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

60

120

50

100

40

80

30

60

20

40

10

20

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

0 1970

2005

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

6

6

5

5

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

70

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 7

1975

1980

Renewables

7

0 1970

1975

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 90 80

60

70 50 60 40

50 40

30

30

20

20 10

10

0 1970 Coal

1975

1980

1985

Oil

Gas

Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.82 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Austria 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 30.93 33.29 35.82 Coal 5.53 5.22 5.85 Oil 17.54 17.47 15.19 Gas 4.72 5.94 7.40 Comb. Renew/Waste 1.02 1.62 3.53 Nuclear Hydro 2.30 3.53 3.87 Geothermal 0.01 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.02 Net Electricity trade(1) -0.19 -0.49 -0.06 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

41.48 5.12 17.53 9.31 4.42 5.14 0.03 0.10 -0.17 -

47.51 5.79 20.42 10.66 5.49 4.47 0.05 0.24 0.38 0.01

49.09 5.80 20.71 11.80 5.69 4.41 0.05 0.30 0.33 0.01

48.90 5.67 21.04 10.94 5.92 4.07 0.05 0.36 0.84 0.01

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 0.87 0.34 -0.84 2.68 7.55 3.10 -6.89 -

2.12 -0.05 2.09 3.16 3.24 0.87 16.30 19.20 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

99 120 151 194 204 0.31 0.28 0.24 0.21 0.23 Population (millions) 7.6 7.5 7.7 8.0 8.2 TPES/population(1) 4.08 4.41 4.66 5.18 5.81 TPES/GDP(2) 146.0 129.2 111.1 100.0 108.7 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 211.5 164.0 147.1 100.0 107.3 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 94.9 101.8 105.4 100.0 101.6 Elec. Generation (TWh) 31 42 49 60 62 Industrial Production(2) 42.9 52.6 69.0 100.0 112.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2005

2006e

208 0.24 8.2 5.96 110.1 105.5 101.5 63 117.3

215 0.23 8.2 5.94 106.4 100.0 .. 61 126.9

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.50 -1.60 0.07 0.80 -1.60 -2.12 0.62 2.78 2.83

2.18 -0.06 0.47 1.65 -0.06 -2.19 -0.25 1.65 3.60

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

1.35 -

1.20 -

0.91 0.00

0.42 0.00

0.08 0.00

0.00

0.00

-3.25 -

-

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal 3.08 2.87 2.45 1.25 0.24 Peat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-1.88 -

-

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.83

Austria 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

24.04 2.84 14.53 2.58 0.99 3.11 -

27.00 2.77 14.30 4.09 1.51 4.06 0.27

28.62 1.82 13.19 4.36 3.09 0.01 0.02 5.25 0.87

34.47 1.17 15.71 6.12 3.45 0.01 0.09 6.41 1.50

38.82 1.04 18.80 6.66 3.86 0.01 0.11 6.74 1.60

39.05 0.97 18.59 6.76 3.98 0.01 0.12 6.86 1.75

40.24 0.92 19.00 7.24 4.14 0.01 0.13 7.00 1.80

1.03 -2.59 -0.57 3.14 6.96 3.14 -

2.30 -4.43 2.46 3.43 1.96 3.66 12.87 1.93 4.93

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

7.48 1.06 3.20 1.68 0.05 1.49 -

7.05 1.30 1.43 2.27 0.30 1.74 -

7.69 0.82 1.34 2.33 0.87 2.21 0.11

9.37 0.80 1.69 3.00 1.12 2.56 0.18

10.03 0.77 2.08 2.99 1.30 2.68 0.21

10.50 0.71 2.15 3.10 1.40 2.90 0.24

10.94 0.67 2.16 3.54 1.36 2.97 0.24

0.16 -1.45 -4.99 1.96 18.45 2.35 -

2.38 -1.41 3.22 2.83 3.08 2.00 5.04

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

5.77 0.16 5.36 0.03

6.13 0.02 5.78 0.05

6.98 0.00 6.50 0.14

9.37 0.00 8.60 0.33

11.21 0.00 10.48 0.32

11.50 10.82 0.27

11.99 11.19 0.33

1.12 -21.12 1.13 9.94

3.67 3.69 6.09

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.00 0.22 8.21 1.54 4.37 0.62

0.00 0.28 7.32 1.29 3.15 0.59

0.00 0.34 8.31 0.92 2.47 1.11

0.01 0.43 8.84 0.32 2.43 1.67

0.02 0.40 9.47 0.20 2.37 1.98

0.02 0.39 9.13 0.17 2.32 1.90

0.06 0.40 9.66 0.18 2.45 2.06

-1.94 2.73 0.07 -2.97 -3.30 3.51

23.55 1.10 1.01 -10.29 -0.06 4.19

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

0.93 0.75 0.71 0.06 0.02 0.07

1.21 1.08 2.63 0.15 1.22 0.43

1.98 0.01 1.46 0.35 2.52 0.03 0.57 0.27

2.04 0.05 1.60 0.73 3.83 0.03 0.65 0.75

2.21 0.07 1.77 0.87 4.89 0.05 1.44 0.96

2.19 0.07 1.64 0.84 4.71 0.06 0.89 1.13

2.33 0.08 1.67 0.89 4.57 0.05 0.94 0.92

4.53 4.03 7.74 -4.11 22.04 8.32

1.09 13.57 0.91 6.41 4.07 3.95 3.38 8.59

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.11 Geothermal 0.01 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.01 Electricity 0.56 0.83 1.12 Heat 0.40 Non-Energy Use 1.76 2.31 2.21 Coal 0.00 0.00 0.01 Oil 1.57 1.57 1.69 Gas 0.19 0.73 0.50 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.10 0.01 0.04 1.68 0.58 2.25 0.01 1.88 0.35

0.12 0.01 0.04 1.74 0.51 2.39 0.02 1.99 0.38

0.14 0.01 0.05 1.77 0.66 2.35 0.02 1.98 0.35

0.14 0.01 0.05 1.80 0.66 2.22 0.01 1.84 0.36

4.15 1.32 12.38 0.42 5.85

1.66 3.66 11.89 3.24 3.30 0.04 0.13 0.58 -2.13

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.84 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Austria 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

1.5 4.4 -0.1 -0.2

1.2 4.0 -0.0 0.0

0.9 4.5 -0.0 0.4

0.4 4.4 -0.1 0.4

0.1 5.7 -0.1 0.1

0.0 5.7 -0.0 0.1

0.0 5.4 -0.1 0.3

-2.7 0.2 -17.0 x

-41.4 1.5 15.1 x

Primary Supply

5.5

5.2

5.9

5.1

5.8

5.8

5.7

0.3

-0.1

Statistical Difference

0.0

0.0

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-2.4 e

-2.3 e

-3.4 e

-3.2 e

-4.0 e

-4.0 e

..

2.1

1.2

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-1.2 -1.0 -0.2

-1.2 -1.0 -0.2

-2.4 -2.1 -0.3

-2.1 -1.7 -0.4

-2.9 -2.4 -0.5

-2.6 -2.1 -0.5

.. .. ..

4.0 4.2 3.3

0.5 0.0 3.1

-0.1

-0.1

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-1.1 e 0.1 -1.0 e -0.1 -

-1.0 e -0.9 e -0.1 -

-0.9 e -0.8 e -0.1 -

-1.1 e -1.0 e -0.1 -

-1.1 e -1.0 e -0.1 -

-1.4 e -1.3 e -0.1 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-0.6 -1.5 3.0 -

2.6 3.0 -0.2 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.2

-0.1

-0.7

-0.7

-0.8

-0.8

..

6.1

1.3

-0.1

-0.0

-

-

-0.1

-0.0

..

x

x

2.8

2.8

1.8

1.2

1.0

0.9

..

-2.6

-4.4

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

1.1 0.7 e 0.0 0.1 0.0

1.3 1.1 e 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.8 0.5 e 0.0 0.2 0.1

0.8 0.4 e 0.1 0.2 0.1

0.7 0.4 e 0.1 0.1 0.1

0.7 0.4 e 0.0 0.2 0.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.5 -2.5 -1.3 7.5 4.4

-1.4 -2.0 5.2 -2.2 1.8

Transport sector(6)

0.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

-

-

..

-21.1

-

1.6 0.1 1.5

1.4 0.2 1.3

1.0 0.0 0.9

0.4 0.0 0.3

0.2 0.1 0.2

0.2 0.1 0.2

.. .. ..

-2.9 -4.1 -3.0

-8.9 3.9 -10.3

Non-energy Use 0.0 0.0 0.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

12.4

0.1

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.85

Austria 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

0.37 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.32 -

0.50 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.07 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.41 0.00

1.82 1.42 1.37 0.05 0.21 0.01 0.20 0.00 0.19 0.00

1.85 1.42 1.36 0.06 0.32 0.06 0.17 0.09 0.08 0.00

2.42 2.14 2.09 0.05 0.21 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.00

2.43 2.15 2.10 0.05 0.22 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.00

2.14 1.89 1.84 0.04 0.21 0.04 0.09 0.09 0.04 -

14.21 83.11 82.59 15.22 21.10 -4.28 -

1.08 1.91 1.98 -0.73 0.16 11.33 -5.08 28.60 -9.62 -

2.01 2.01 -

2.37 2.37 -

2.34 2.34 -

1.88 1.88 -

1.90 1.90 -

1.90 1.90 -

1.90 1.90 -

1.28 1.28 -

-1.37 -1.37 -

2.99 3.27 2.50 2.03 2.42 2.13 1.99 2.34 2.08 0.04 0.09 0.05 0.03 0.21 0.16 0.15 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.15 0.12 0.13 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.63 0.68 0.22 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

1.36 1.21 1.18 0.04 0.11 0.04 0.07 0.04 -

1.63 1.48 1.45 0.03 0.14 0.07 0.07 0.01 -

1.19 1.04 1.01 0.03 0.14 0.07 0.08 0.01 -

1.27 1.14 1.12 0.02 0.13 0.07 0.06 0.01 -

-1.47 0.43 0.37 2.75 -2.72 2.69 -1.05 -15.69 -8.51 -

-4.42 -4.12 -4.07 -6.41 -1.12 13.02 -5.60 -18.55 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.86 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Austria 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

173.19 69.15 74.24

176.96 120.07 164.82

80.98 92.64 115.57

56.94 51.28 ..

55.78 70.28 ..

68.29 106.76 ..

151.88 111.81 ..

158.48 132.84 ..

156.77 158.25 ..

90.20 .. 74.62 .. 73.76

119.83 .. 131.06 .. 118.88

78.84 .. 87.74 .. 121.26

54.73 .. .. 128.14 ..

75.33 .. .. 129.11 ..

87.64 .. .. 163.73 ..

171.25 .. .. 193.84 ..

178.69 .. .. 258.08 ..

176.37 .. .. 305.52 ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Euro / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

172.67 100.14 100.80

157.05 154.79 199.20

63.15 104.94 122.74

58.33 76.31 ..

55.88 102.26 ..

57.06 129.58 ..

115.43 123.44 ..

120.45 146.66 ..

117.97 172.97 ..

Steam Coal 93.75 110.87 Coking Coal .. .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil 108.06 168.96 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 100.14 143.67 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

64.10 .. 99.39 .. 128.78

58.45 .. .. 190.67 ..

78.67 .. .. 187.86 ..

76.34 .. .. 198.72 ..

135.69 .. .. 214.00 ..

141.58 .. .. 284.92 ..

138.36 .. .. 333.95 ..

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

4.38 2.87 .. .. 0.20 1.31

4.01 2.71 2.23 0.48 0.12 1.18

4.54 3.53 2.36 1.18 0.01 0.99

4.36 3.32 1.72 1.60 0.03 1.01

5.00 3.88 1.85 2.03 0.04 1.08

5.07 3.81 1.84 1.97 0.05 1.20

5.69 4.35 1.77 2.57 0.06 1.28

5.71 4.22 2.05 2.17 0.07 1.42

5.38 4.00 1.79 2.21 0.07 1.30

Total Exports 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.04 0.07 0.08 Hard Coal 0.02 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.02 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 0.01 0.00 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.04 0.07 0.06 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03

0.06 0.00 0.00 0.05

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.87

Austria 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

2307

2878

3609

3410

4031

3959

4448

4325

4108

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

2006 662 205 470 -

2371 808 73 567 189 -

2376 746 566 456 -

1738 1187 551 -

1864 34 1256 572 2 -

1858 3 1202 652 1 -

1789 8 1086 615 -

2063 992 9 519 501 -

1805 960 845 -

669 -

734 -

608 -

-

-

-

80 -

31 11 -

-

301 8 260 -

507 10 411 -

1233 29 1189 9

1672 307 6 1359 -

2167 450 9 1707 -

2101 560 2 1537 -

2659 1074 3 1572 -

2262 922 8 1316 1

2303 501 11 1241 501 -

33 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

48 38

6 -

-

1 -

1 1 -

4 5 1

10 5 -

1 31 16 1

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.88 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Austria 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

..

..

214.20

120.42

53.84

71.17

98.33

85.39

206.11

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. 53.93 25.87 .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. 98.50 .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. 242.07 .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. 206.11 .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. 66.80 54.29 56.96 66.78 85.27 Imports from: Australia .. .. .. 64.19 62.37 .. 9110.53 Canada .. .. .. .. .. 67.46 .. Czech Republic .. .. 63.72 54.68 56.29 70.46 90.16 Poland .. .. 73.62 53.64 57.13 63.38 81.75 United States .. .. .. .. 84.11 .. 1198.19 China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Colombia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. South Africa .. .. .. .. 29.21 .. .. Former USSR(2) .. .. .. .. .. 93.29 128.71 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

116.18

106.63

.. 406.70 129.52 100.29 155.09 .. .. 133.90 70.33

.. 401.61 115.10 95.32 141.99 291.30 .. .. 84.00

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.89

Belgium* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

90

120

80 100 70 80

60 50

60

40 40

30 20

20

10 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) 18

18

16

16

14

14

12

12

10

10

8

8

6

6

4

4

2

2 1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

90

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 20

1975

1980

Renewables

20

0 1970

1975

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 160

80

140

70

120

60 100 50 80

40

60

30 20

40

10

20

0 1970 Coal

1975

1980

1985

Oil

Gas

Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.90 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Belgium 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 66.17 67.16 70.23 Coal 15.97 16.28 15.22 Oil 40.03 33.69 26.78 Gas 10.20 12.73 11.67 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.01 0.08 1.08 Nuclear 0.03 4.67 15.91 Hydro 0.02 0.03 0.03 Geothermal 0.00 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.00 Net Electricity trade(1) -0.09 -0.32 -0.46 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

84.41 11.35 33.96 19.09 1.48 17.93 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.53 -

83.00 8.26 32.89 21.08 2.13 17.61 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.96 -

80.93 7.27 32.56 20.16 2.29 17.72 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.77 0.10

80.33 6.92 32.22 20.06 2.36 17.32 0.04 0.00 0.07 1.25 0.10

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 0.35 -0.28 -2.34 0.79 30.09 45.13 2.63 9.84 -

0.95 -4.81 1.31 3.71 5.15 0.72 0.53 3.68 20.05 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

128 154 188 232 246 249 0.52 0.44 0.37 0.36 0.34 0.32 Population (millions) 9.7 9.8 10.0 10.2 10.4 10.5 TPES/population(1) 6.80 6.83 7.05 8.24 7.97 7.73 TPES/GDP(2) 141.9 119.9 102.7 100.0 92.6 89.2 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 254.8 216.1 165.5 100.0 68.6 59.5 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 79.9 84.2 92.3 100.0 97.9 96.2 Elec. Generation (TWh) 41 53 70 83 84 86 Industrial Production(2) 65.6 70.6 85.9 100.0 104.3 103.9 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

257 0.31 10.5 7.66 85.8 55.0 .. 85 109.3

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.28 -1.88 0.15 0.21 -1.88 -2.51 0.86 3.28 1.60

1.90 -0.94 0.33 0.62 -0.94 -6.59 0.28 1.33 1.28

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

3.81 3.19 -

4.04 2.69 -

1.69 -

0.29 -

0.14 -

0.08 -

0.02 -

-5.18 -

-18.28 -

Mt: Coking Coal 3.81 4.04 Steam Coal 4.90 3.98 2.36 0.38 0.18 0.11 0.03 Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-5.92 -

-18.53 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.91

Belgium 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

49.36 8.15 29.98 6.58 4.20 0.46

47.13 6.05 25.08 10.11 5.33 0.56

47.51 5.05 24.75 9.74 0.54 0.00 0.00 7.12 0.31

60.66 3.75 31.40 14.52 0.76 0.00 0.00 9.53 0.70

61.12 2.37 32.23 14.99 0.99 0.00 0.00 9.80 0.73

59.09 2.09 29.90 15.44 1.01 0.00 0.00 9.90 0.74

58.03 1.79 29.82 14.85 1.10 0.00 0.00 9.85 0.61

-0.22 -2.78 -1.12 2.34 3.15 -2.17

1.34 -6.68 1.25 2.85 4.89 1.14 8.12 2.19 4.54

19.50 5.06 7.55 3.68 2.75 0.46

16.10 4.57 3.75 4.33 2.94 0.51

15.03 4.30 2.32 4.12 0.27 3.75 0.27

18.42 3.46 2.32 6.58 0.54 4.90 0.61

16.76 2.16 2.05 6.26 0.72 4.92 0.64

16.02 1.86 1.57 6.32 0.74 4.96 0.57

15.05 1.61 1.54 5.71 0.82 4.84 0.53

-1.52 -0.95 -6.71 0.67 1.83 -3.08

0.01 -6.35 -2.68 2.20 7.57 1.72 4.67

7.20 0.02 7.08 -

8.47 0.00 8.35 -

11.26 11.11 -

14.08 13.90 -

14.83 14.65 -

14.93 14.75 -

14.46 14.25 -

2.67 2.68 -

1.68 1.68 -

0.10 15.95 3.07 10.39 1.56

0.12 13.82 1.47 7.13 3.58

0.15 11.91 0.75 5.07 3.55

0.18 13.63 0.28 5.48 4.70

0.18 14.19 0.21 5.34 5.14

0.19 14.40 0.19 5.28 5.38

0.21 14.26 0.18 5.26 5.32

2.53 -1.70 -7.99 -4.14 4.95

2.06 1.21 -8.92 0.25 2.74

0.93 1.52 0.60 0.51

1.61 0.02 4.29 2.27 1.34

0.26 2.26 0.03 4.14 1.68 1.48

0.22 0.00 0.00 2.92 0.02 e 4.94 1.21 2.21

0.27 0.00 0.00 3.20 0.02 5.84 1.97 2.38

0.27 0.00 0.00 3.26 0.02 5.83 1.81 2.52

0.27 0.00 0.00 3.20 0.02 5.96 1.84 2.53

5.34 6.05 6.28 6.42

0.24 2.33 -1.62 2.47 0.62 3.65

0.00 0.00 0.00 1.50 0.02 8.55 7.52 1.03

0.00 0.00 0.00 1.46 0.02 7.72 6.51 1.21

0.01 0.00 0.00 1.47 0.02 6.81 5.59 1.22

0.01 0.00 0.00 1.56 0.02 7.05 5.78 1.26

5.08 -0.09 0.24 -1.87

3.31 -1.17 3.09 2.72 5.11

of which: Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Total Transport Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.41 0.65 0.96 Heat 0.03 0.02 Non-Energy Use 4.54 3.72 4.47 Coal Oil 3.71 2.86 3.87 Gas 0.83 0.86 0.60 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.92 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Belgium 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

9.2 7.6 -1.1 0.3

6.7 11.5 -1.2 -0.7

1.7 15.5 -1.6 -0.3

0.3 11.9 -1.6 0.7

0.1 9.6 -1.2 -0.3

0.1 8.5 -1.1 -0.2

0.0 7.8 -1.1 0.2

-9.5 4.3 2.2 x

-18.3 -3.9 -2.5 x

Primary Supply

16.0

16.3

15.2

11.4

8.3

7.3

6.9

-0.3

-4.8

1.5

-0.3

-0.0

-0.5

-0.4

-0.1

..

x

x

Statistical Difference Total Transformation

-8.2 e

-9.1 e

-9.5 e

-6.7 e

-5.4 e

-5.1 e

..

0.8

-4.0

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-3.9 -3.9 -

-5.5 -4.8 -0.7

-6.6 -6.0 -0.6

-4.7 -4.5 -0.2

-3.3 -3.3 -0.0

-3.4 -3.2 -0.1

.. .. ..

3.1 2.5 -

-4.4 -4.0 -9.9

-0.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-3.6 e -2.9 e -0.8 0.0

-2.9 e -2.3 e -0.5 0.0

-2.0 e -2.0 e -0.0 0.0

-2.1 e -2.0 e -0.1 0.0

-1.7 e -1.7 e -0.0 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.3 -2.7 -0.6 -34.9

-3.3 -2.0 -28.0 19.8

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-4.2 e -3.8 e -0.6 0.1 -

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-1.1

-0.8

-0.7

-0.3

-0.3

-0.3

..

-2.6

-4.9

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

8.2

6.1

5.0

3.7

2.1

1.8

..

-2.8

-6.7

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

5.1 3.5 e 0.1 1.0 -

4.6 2.9 e 0.1 1.5 0.0

4.3 2.9 e 0.2 0.8 0.0

3.5 2.8 e 0.0 0.5 0.0

1.9 1.4 e 0.0 0.2 0.0

1.6 1.2 e 0.0 0.2 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.0 -1.1 2.2 -1.0 -

-6.4 -5.9 -17.3 -8.7 -1.3

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

3.1 3.1

1.5 1.5

0.7 0.7

0.3 0.3

0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2

.. .. ..

-8.0 -8.0

-8.9 -8.9

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.93

Belgium 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes) 1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

8.76 4.44 4.18 0.26 0.12 0.03 2.66 0.17 0.03 2.44 0.02 1.63 -

8.99 5.49 5.17 0.32 0.07 2.15 0.08 0.03 2.02 0.02 1.33 -

9.00 6.64 6.34 0.30 0.00 0.41 1.37 0.10 0.14 0.87 0.05 0.22 0.70 -

7.00 4.37 4.31 0.07 0.01 0.98 0.98 0.48 0.36 0.04 0.10 0.30 -

5.25 3.62 3.58 0.04 0.01 0.65 0.30 0.07 0.11 0.05 0.08 0.23 -

4.76 2.97 2.93 0.04 0.01 0.59 0.35 0.05 0.01 0.17 0.06 0.07 0.20 -

4.29 3.05 2.98 0.06 0.01 0.48 0.36 0.12 0.01 0.12 0.04 0.08 0.19 -

0.22 3.41 3.53 1.22 -32.76 -5.39 -4.36 13.74 -8.25 20.19 -6.77 -

-4.82 -5.06 -4.90 -9.90 13.85 0.98 -8.48 1.18 -18.78 -12.55 -0.44 -6.62 -8.43 -

7.52 0.20 0.18 0.02 7.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 -

8.01 7.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 -

7.16 7.16 -

4.05 3.86 -

3.41 3.58 -

3.63 3.65 -

3.26 3.37 -

-0.42 -0.03 -

-5.10 -4.89 -

0.10 0.28 0.10 0.28 0.10 0.28 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.22 0.22 0.22 -

0.19 0.19 0.15 0.04 -

0.19 0.19 0.01 0.14 0.04 -

0.21 0.21 0.01 0.15 0.05 -

-

-1.93 -1.93 -3.90 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.94 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Belgium 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

53.08 66.67 65.42

62.51 128.76 123.12

59.60 91.13 96.10

42.95 129.79 c

45.21 115.17 c

47.13 x c

95.02 x c

105.36 x c

82.93 x c

29.62 63.67 66.67 .. 71.79

42.87 66.51 128.76 .. 117.89

55.41 61.72 91.13 102.02 112.22

.. 47.21 129.79 117.76 c

.. .. 115.17 109.70 c

.. .. x 156.32 c

.. .. x 154.04 c

.. .. x 220.57 c

.. .. x 251.62 c

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Euro / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

31.61 72.53 65.69

34.56 130.02 114.77

37.68 105.23 102.43

35.54 196.15 c

36.58 170.20 c

31.81 x c

58.33 x c

64.68 x c

50.40 x c

Steam Coal 18.34 24.64 Coking Coal 49.73 48.22 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 72.53 130.02 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 72.09 109.89 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

36.42 51.17 105.23 117.80 119.61

.. 51.22 196.15 177.97 c

.. .. 170.20 162.12 c

.. .. x 192.69 c

.. .. x 172.72 c

.. .. x 247.31 c

.. .. x 279.32 c

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

7.60 6.36 .. .. 1.24

11.50 10.13 4.17 5.97 0.03 1.33

15.45 14.37 7.13 7.24 0.20 0.88

11.94 10.66 3.82 6.84 0.16 1.12

9.74 9.31 3.36 5.95 0.15 0.28

9.23 8.87 3.22 5.65 0.14 0.22

9.62 9.20 3.58 5.62 0.14 0.28

8.46 8.14 3.53 4.61 0.15 0.17

7.77 7.47 3.49 3.98 0.21 0.08

Total Exports 1.10 1.23 1.60 1.59 1.95 0.94 1.23 Hard Coal 0.60 0.47 0.68 1.28 1.80 0.83 1.14 Coking Coal .. 0.18 0.09 0.01 0.01 Steam Coal .. 0.30 0.68 1.20 1.79 0.82 1.14 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.50 0.76 0.92 0.30 0.15 0.12 0.09 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

1.10 1.06 0.03 1.03 0.03

1.09 0.91 0.01 0.90 0.18

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.95

Belgium 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

7007

10139

14761

11347

9906

9390

9790

8804

8034

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

3490 209 148 59 1751 392 22 833 15

4168 206 25 783 422 2719 13

7132 1015 236 690 105 32 4897 -

3818 1109 678 74 1898 -

3363 1431 321 122 1365 2

3220 1436 377 8 1352 -

3577 1800 404 89 49 1157 -

3533 2003 227 1303 -

3490 1979 224 1287 -

15 46 -

-

157 -

59 -

77 1 44

16 13 9 9

78 -

-

-

3517 26 2316 105 129 72

5971 51 14 1563 162 217 1436 239

7629 388 66 721 242 67 981 60

7529 2354 12 118 225 76 309 48

6543 1146 75 418 56 475 46

6170 903 60 53 79 383 46

6213 823 91 297 51 502 41

5271 947 43 155 436 62 411 29

4544 860 34 119 413 43 376 25

606 233 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 30 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

2050 216 23

292 170 6 4365 234 1 36

167 431 11 3028 705 19 3 23 -

153 314 2798 968 74 19 1

75 12 3594 906 9 35 15

36 64 3016 1263 4 25 -

58 5 2081 944 98 2

36 3 1856 694 84 1

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.96 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Belgium 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

122

305

724

1340

2003

954

1314

1199

1047

122 61 1 21 1 13 6 18 1 -

291 55 162 5 2 22 15 13 13 4 -

724 1 360 67 5 61 179 4 43 4 -

1340 2 609 495 7 40 136 6 15 15 15 -

1930 1 456 517 48 9 51 754 2 16 72 4 -

953 326 498 4 47 31 11 15 20 1 -

1313 418 518 3 42 318 4 8 2 -

1199 377 334 2 37 423 17 7 2 -

1047 309 279 2 31 404 14 6 2 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

14

-

-

73

1

1

-

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.97

Belgium 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

57.09

63.93

57.74

48.67

46.59

49.25

78.98

108.68

126.85

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

53.70 .. .. 46.04 56.70 .. .. .. ..

63.54 63.80 254.00 60.08 62.61 .. .. 54.18 ..

58.30 56.91 .. 57.96 58.28 63.59 .. 49.03 ..

50.34 50.67 .. 36.18 52.46 63.10 .. 41.78 ..

48.38 51.99 .. 34.51 51.61 59.74 .. 32.38 47.63

53.92 64.65 .. .. 53.59 .. .. 35.41 ..

75.15 73.50 .. 105.22 69.24 309.94 .. 49.63 132.29

125.12 148.24 .. 133.14 96.51 285.09 .. 67.23 75.13

150.51 153.27 .. 131.24 101.04 229.39 .. 59.63 67.34

41.23 45.57 47.94 46.96 39.34 39.76 66.29 Imports from: Australia 39.75 50.57 45.93 46.71 53.13 .. 75.32 Canada 69.05 57.14 66.64 .. .. .. .. Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland 66.44 48.40 46.66 36.01 35.68 33.70 69.33 United States 47.55 51.01 49.77 54.86 60.49 55.26 73.93 China 44.97 48.49 45.65 51.04 80.34 56.59 72.40 Colombia 39.77 51.92 53.17 44.36 39.27 49.82 62.64 South Africa 38.92 44.88 43.64 41.36 37.06 36.54 64.17 Former USSR(2) .. 44.83 43.65 42.59 34.31 37.70 71.06 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

70.83

70.95

97.75 102.49 .. 63.56 .. .. 73.98 68.15 67.19

100.18 .. .. 57.55 66.92 .. 68.14 66.67 63.23

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.98 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Canada* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

450

140

400

120

350 100 300 250

80

200

60

150

40

100 20 50 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

1975

1980

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

70

50 45

60

40 50

35

40

30 25

30

20 15

20

10 10

5

0 1970

700

1975

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 600

600

500

500 400 400 300 300 200

200

100

100 0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.99

Canada 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

2004

2005

2006e

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

383.86 40.63 139.93 111.43 17.55 33.65 41.87 0.12 -1.33 -

388.51 39.97 139.10 115.19 18.06 34.27 44.66 0.19 -2.93 -

385.62 37.02 133.89 119.33 18.32 35.82 43.65 0.18 -2.60 -

1.60 2.77 -0.19 2.28 0.28 9.62 2.51 -19.53 -

2005

2006e

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

325 412 544 725 799 822 0.70 0.67 0.55 0.49 0.48 0.47 Population (millions) 22.5 24.5 27.7 30.7 32.0 32.3 TPES/population(1) 10.15 11.25 10.80 11.60 12.01 12.04 TPES/GDP(2) 143.0 136.3 112.1 100.0 97.8 96.2 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 118.0 129.5 112.3 100.0 89.5 85.5 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 101.9 110.8 115.8 100.0 95.5 93.5 Elec. Generation (TWh) 270 373 482 605 600 628 Industrial Production(2) 50.9 55.8 69.1 100.0 100.1 101.4 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

845 0.46 32.5 11.86 92.9 77.1 .. 616 100.7

1973

1980

1990

TPES (Mtce) 228.34 275.71 299.16 Coal 21.80 30.32 34.68 Oil 114.12 127.03 110.47 Gas 53.25 65.07 78.18 Comb. Renew/Waste 11.16 10.92 11.70 Nuclear 5.82 14.86 27.71 Hydro 23.91 30.86 36.46 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.00 Net Electricity trade(1) -1.72 -3.35 -0.04 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

2000 355.97 41.19 125.39 106.05 16.53 27.10 44.05 0.04 e -4.38 -

1.76 0.95 1.55 2.62 2.94 1.43 1.36 31.15 32.53 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

3.07 -1.42 1.23 0.36 -1.42 -0.29 0.75 3.47 1.81

2.80 -1.01 1.02 0.73 -1.01 -1.80 -1.41 1.78 2.59

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

13.39 3.25 7.82 -

13.75 5.82 9.72 -

27.17 9.83 17.18 -

23.92 4.79 20.44 -

21.66 e 3.33 e 20.97 -

22.60 e 1.72 e 21.07 -

20.79 1.62 21.04 -

6.07 9.66 6.78 -

-1.22 -10.98 1.37 -

Mt: Coking Coal 13.78 14.15 27.66 28.16 25.51 e 26.61 e 24.48 Steam Coal 3.36 6.02 10.01 5.64 3.75 e 1.97 e 1.86 Brown Coal 13.34 16.52 30.66 35.36 36.74 36.76 36.59 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

5.98 9.52 7.18 -

-0.26 -10.26 1.22 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.100 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Canada 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

188.68 7.46 109.27 33.89 10.88 27.04 0.14

222.66 6.18 115.41 51.75 10.60 37.25 1.47

228.76 4.41 99.80 61.86 10.42 51.36 0.91

272.56 5.02 117.09 76.30 13.84 59.16 1.16

282.10 4.69 124.80 75.85 13.88 61.53 1.34

289.23 5.00 130.88 75.09 14.66 62.26 1.34

287.61 4.88 130.86 72.88 15.06 62.75 1.18

1.14 -3.04 -0.53 3.60 -0.25 3.85 11.78

1.54 0.67 1.82 1.10 2.48 1.34 1.76

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

64.79 6.71 19.83 16.95 8.15 13.01 0.14

71.61 5.85 16.65 23.14 7.87 16.67 1.43

67.35 3.87 9.75 24.07 8.13 20.63 0.90

78.63 4.59 9.30 27.59 11.03 24.98 1.15

79.16 4.30 8.89 28.18 11.04 25.42 1.33

80.78 4.57 9.18 28.46 11.82 25.44 1.32

78.52 4.49 9.21 25.81 11.90 25.96 1.16

0.23 -3.18 -4.09 2.08 -0.02 2.75 11.73

1.03 0.98 -0.37 0.47 2.57 1.54 1.70

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

48.83 0.18 48.26 -

64.15 61.54 2.33

63.11 58.57 4.14

76.25 68.71 6.79

76.97 70.75 5.50

79.50 73.62 5.15

81.05 74.15 6.14

1.52 1.15 -

1.68 1.58 2.67

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.40 36.59 0.57 18.17 8.73

0.28 40.64 0.11 14.89 12.49

0.40 41.28 0.07 6.75 16.22

0.19 0.56 44.16 0.05 4.71 19.80

0.20 0.51 45.82 0.03 e 4.39 20.57

0.20 0.52 45.05 0.04 e 3.84 19.99

0.24 0.52 44.79 0.04 e 3.44 19.85

0.06 0.71 -11.87 -5.66 3.71

1.77 0.54 -4.08 -4.40 1.35

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

2.73 6.38 24.20 0.00 9.00 8.20

2.73 e 10.42 26.19 0.04 7.15 10.05

2.30 15.95 0.00 31.12 0.01 5.91 11.89

2.62 16.98 39.28 0.00 8.36 15.45

2.63 18.18 43.87 11.55 16.12

2.64 e 18.55 44.37 12.07 15.78

2.91 18.55 0.00 44.41 12.43 15.50

-1.01 5.54 1.49 6.38 -2.45 2.21

1.60 1.01 11.30 2.40 5.09 1.79

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 7.00 8.92 13.31 Heat 0.04 0.01 Non-Energy Use 10.69 16.55 21.22 Coal 0.18 0.47 Oil 10.69 13.04 15.92 Gas 3.33 4.83 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

15.46 0.01 28.17 0.38 21.96 5.84

16.19 0.01 31.09 0.36 25.95 4.78

16.50 0.01 34.33 0.39 28.88 5.06

16.46 0.02 33.68 0.36 28.35 4.97

3.86 4.12 2.37 -

1.42 6.87 3.13 -1.75 3.92 0.20

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.101

Canada 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

16.7 15.0 -10.9 1.0

29.3 15.4 -14.9 0.5

54.2 13.6 -30.6 -2.5

49.2 17.8 -27.9 2.1

46.0 15.7 -22.1 1.1

Primary Supply

21.8

30.3

34.7

41.2

40.6

Statistical Difference

0.5

0.1

0.2

4.1

Total Transformation

-14.8 e

-24.3 e

-30.3 e

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-11.9 -11.9 -

-21.5 -21.4 -0.0

-2.9 e -1.9 e -1.0 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

2005

43.4 17.0 -23.6 0.2

7.2 -0.5 6.3 x

-1.2 1.4 -1.6 x

40.0

37.0

2.8

1.0

-0.3

0.5

..

x

x

-40.1 e

-35.1 e

-35.4 e

..

4.3

1.0

-28.5 -28.5 -0.0

-38.5 -38.4 -0.1

-33.4 e -33.2 e -0.2 e

-33.8 e -33.6 e -0.2

.. .. ..

5.3 5.3 -

1.1 1.1 11.3

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-2.8 e -2.1 e -0.7 -

-1.8 e -1.6 e -0.3 -

-1.6 e -1.4 e -0.2 -

-1.6 e -1.5 e -0.2 -

-1.6 e -1.4 e -0.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.8 -1.2 -7.9 -

-0.9 -0.5 -3.4 -

-

-

-

-

-0.1

-0.0

-0.1

-0.1

-

-

-

7.5

6.2

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

6.7 3.7 e 0.7 0.3

Transport sector(6)

e e e e

45.4 16.7 -24.2 2.1

2006e e e e e

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

-

-

..

-

-

-0.2 e

-0.2 e

..

2.6

2.3

-

-

-

..

x

x

4.4

5.0

5.0

4.9

..

-3.0

0.7

5.9 4.1 e 0.0 0.3 0.3

3.9 2.3 e 0.7 0.1

4.6 2.6 e 1.0 0.1

4.6 2.5 e 1.1 e 0.0 e

4.5 2.5 e 1.0 e 0.0 e

.. .. .. .. ..

-3.2 -2.8 -0.0 -4.4

1.0 0.6 2.6 -7.3

0.2

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.6 0.0 0.6

0.1 0.0 0.1

0.1 0.0 0.1

0.1 0.0 0.1

0.0 0.0 e

0.0 0.0 e

.. .. ..

-11.4 6.4 -11.9

-4.7 -4.1

Non-energy Use 0.2 0.5 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.4

0.4

0.4

..

-

-1.7

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.102 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Canada 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

11.51 10.30 10.29 0.01 1.41 0.07 0.26 0.36 0.28 0.44 0.05 -

14.04 12.66 12.65 0.01 1.52 0.09 0.05 0.35 0.22 0.82 0.06 0.02

13.86 12.21 12.19 0.02 1.22 0.69 0.09 0.44 0.04 0.26

13.82 15.75 15.74 0.01 1.74 1.03 0.03 0.67 0.02 0.33

10.99 11.99 11.99 0.01 - e 1.80 1.16 0.02 0.62 0.01 0.30

14.05 10.89 10.89 0.00 - e 1.93 1.19 0.02 0.72 0.00 0.33

11.04 10.24 10.24 - e 1.82 1.10 0.01 0.71 0.01 0.29

1.56 1.42 1.42 2.12 -1.20 5.41 -8.64 0.02 -0.95 -

-1.51 -1.16 -1.15 2.71 3.21 -13.88 3.25 -7.86 0.85

6.78 6.98 -

7.32 7.31 -

5.02 5.00 -

4.46 4.23 -

5.64 4.17 e -

4.59 4.37 e -

4.07 4.29 e -

-2.46 -2.74 -

-1.40 -1.01 -

13.17 15.91 30.26 12.61 15.61 29.95 12.61 15.61 29.95 0.29 0.25 0.17 0.17 0.19 0.10 0.12 0.06 0.08 0.25 0.16 0.06 Non-energy use 0.09 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

40.47 40.08 40.08 0.16 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.14

7.18 7.47 7.47 -4.25 -4.60 -3.77 -11.22 -

2.74 2.39 2.39 1.25 -2.08 4.05 -1.23 4.12

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

46.40 43.13 43.13 0.08 0.06 0.02 0.06 0.15

40.94 40.93 40.93 0.09 0.06 0.03 0.07 0.16

45.41 42.67 42.67 0.21 0.07 0.14 0.05 0.16

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.103

Canada 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

37.87 51.09 34.42

48.63 58.24 32.90

61.03 .. 48.90

20.54 87.54 104.81

22.02 85.86 112.52

24.15 131.59 136.01

23.34 103.16 133.69

28.15 144.67 175.17

.. .. ..

43.97 62.69 51.90 .. 43.29

42.76 64.85 71.11 .. 50.90

.. .. 80.23 .. 65.09

.. .. 133.02 .. 69.85

.. .. 130.65 .. 97.49

.. .. 154.04 .. 163.43

.. .. 163.50 .. 173.88

.. .. 218.54 .. 228.83

.. .. 242.04 .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Canadian Dollars / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

37.62 79.95 50.49

49.49 93.37 49.45

62.00 .. 73.37

26.55 178.28 200.12

30.10 184.87 227.12

29.44 252.66 244.81

26.44 184.06 223.63

29.70 240.46 272.97

.. .. ..

Steam Coal 51.08 50.89 Coking Coal 73.20 77.58 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 81.21 114.01 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 63.50 76.50 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. .. 128.41 .. 97.67

.. .. 270.90 .. 133.36

.. .. 281.30 .. 196.79

.. .. 295.75 .. 294.17

.. .. 291.72 .. 290.85

.. .. 363.25 .. 356.58

.. .. 376.43 .. ..

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

14.95 14.62 .. .. 0.33

15.40 15.15 6.21 8.94 0.25

13.64 13.32 4.22 9.10 0.32

17.82 14.47 4.15 10.32 2.76 0.59

19.40 14.07 4.17 e 9.90 e 5.01 0.32

18.62 12.91 3.16 e 9.75 e 5.54 0.17

15.67 11.51 3.31 e 8.20 e 3.91 0.25

16.68 11.43 4.02 e 7.40 e 5.17 0.08

16.97 10.27 4.11 6.16 5.76 0.93

Total Exports 10.91 14.91 30.63 27.88 21.48 21.47 22.12 Hard Coal 10.56 14.84 30.45 27.60 21.29 21.35 21.94 Coking Coal .. 13.73 26.37 24.11 19.50 e 20.14 e 20.25 e 1.21 e 1.68 e Steam Coal .. 1.10 4.07 3.49 1.79 e Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.05 0.06 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.34 0.07 0.18 0.28 0.13 0.06 0.12 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

24.19 23.97 22.68 e 1.29 e 0.07 0.14

23.59 23.35 20.93 2.43 0.14 0.10

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.104 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Canada 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

14250

15634

14169

14984

14563 e

13577 e

12626 e

12639 e

11296

5454 5454 -

6389 6389 -

4491 4491 -

4296 4296 -

4315 e 4291 e -

3272 e 3264 e -

3429 e 3429 e -

4164 e 4155 e -

4253 4133 -

-

-

-

-

24 e -

8 e -

9 e -

7 113

8796 8796 -

9245 9245 -

9678 9639 -

10688 10284 -

e e e e e

9197 e 7371 e -

8475 e 6316 e -

7043 6043 -

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

39 -

155 61 26 91 71

663 e 224 e 149 e 64 e 922 e 20 e 131 e

888 e 35 e 169 e 734 e -

51 e 1307 e 114 e 62 e 625 e -

16 277 264 443 -

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

10248 16 25 81 7607 -

e e

e e e

604 e 1061 e 78 e 81 e 521 e 174 e

10305 13 14 176 54 7692 183

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

e e

-

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.105

Canada 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

13017

14127

26851

28386

22964 e

23716 e

23847 e

26710 e

24640

12217 147 164 10934 668 150 154 -

12785 21 161 316 48 10711 1295 28 48 157 -

19684 6 41 379 72 159 16569 369 519 102 51 645 772

22440 374 585 792 1170 12085 3851 385 408 338 819 1093 540

19861 228 147 259 1046 705 8926 3204 257 1036 332 1014 1114 1593

19201 116 197 324 1478 994 7487 3268 474 1250 392 780 1078 1363

18487 293 200 388 1814 553 891 4883 3625 483 1139 113 1306 1064 1735

21719 58 516 494 1757 1469 6794 4770 406 807 344 1025 1677 1602

20792 494 372 1680 1177 7225 4441 274 994 175 1080 1418 1462

800 600 200 -

1306 626 211 263 182 24 -

1969 1108 129 224 508 -

3107 1471 1324 312 -

3102 1173 1077 266 70 259 257 -

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

36

5198

2839

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

e

e

e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e

e e e

1 e

4514 1835 1077 445 58 69 231 799 -

e

e

e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e

e e e e

1 e

5360 1469 990 381 49 365 1967 139 -

e

e

e e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e e

e e e

4991 1718 1274 426 368 1060 145 -

e

e

e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e

e e e

3800 1584 1220 220 69 373 264 70 48

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.106 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Canada 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

971

1142

4149

4115

2102 e

1280 e

1896 e

1478 e

2786

971 27 309 492 83 56 4

1142 252 442 412 35 1

2706 479 18 64 1933 18 194

3838 151 55 14 1244 1767 80 527

1952 16 6 15 1 461 1271 31 2 142 7

1076 22 1 4 46 2 265 391 52 114 179

1851 501 590 760

1042 36 728 169 109

e

2339 1374 534 200 231

-

-

218 98 120 -

-

150 1 1 142 6 -

45 e 45 e -

436 e 308 e 128 e -

350 348 2 -

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

1225

277

-

-

-

97

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

e e

e e e

e e

e e

e e e

e e e e

204 1 136 67 -

e e

e e e e

e e

e

e e e

e

e e

e

e

e

e

2006e

e

e

e e

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.107

Czech Republic* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

80

120

70

100

60 80

50

60

40 30

40

20 20 10 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

1975

1980

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

70

60

60

50

50 40 40 30 30 20

20

10

10 0 1970

1975

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

90

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 200

80

180

70

160

60

140 120

50

100

40

80 30

60

20

40

10

20

0 1970 Coal

1975

1980

1985

Oil

Gas

Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.108 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Czech Republic 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 64.88 67.51 69.99 Coal 50.84 47.75 44.94 Oil 12.73 15.92 12.80 Gas 1.44 3.72 7.51 Comb. Renew/Waste Nuclear 4.69 Hydro 0.13 0.29 0.14 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) -0.27 -0.19 -0.09 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

57.70 30.76 11.28 10.71 0.91 5.06 0.22 -1.23 -0.00

65.39 29.94 13.74 11.12 2.44 9.84 0.25 0.00 -1.93 -0.00

64.58 28.84 14.26 11.00 2.49 9.24 0.29 0.01 -1.55 -0.00

64.81 28.91 13.99 10.82 2.59 9.73 0.31 0.01 -1.55 -0.00

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 0.45 -0.72 0.03 10.20 0.42 -6.60 -

-0.53 -2.91 0.72 2.58 4.63 4.90 21.37 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

41 e 49 e 55 57 64 68 1.58 e 1.39 e 1.27 1.02 1.02 0.95 Population (millions) 9.9 10.3 10.4 10.3 10.2 10.2 TPES/population(1) 6.54 6.54 6.75 5.62 6.41 6.31 TPES/GDP(2) 155.4 e 136.3 e 124.4 100.0 100.5 93.6 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 228.5 e 180.9 e 149.9 100.0 86.3 78.4 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 82.6 e 89.4 e 100.1 100.0 96.7 93.6 Elec. Generation (TWh) 41 53 62 73 84 82 Industrial Production(2) .. .. 119.9 100.0 125.7 134.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

72 0.90 10.3 6.32 88.6 74.1 .. 84 147.0

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.77 -1.30 0.26 0.19 -1.30 -2.45 1.14 2.46 -

1.37 -1.88 -0.08 -0.45 -1.88 -4.23 -0.44 1.85 0.74

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

14.81 6.57 37.25 0.17

13.89 6.40 37.35 0.14

13.78 4.98 33.12 -

7.92 5.54 22.26 -

7.17 6.91 21.42 -

6.92 5.09 21.59 -

7.50 5.00 21.72 -

-0.60 -2.28 -0.98 -

-4.49 0.15 -2.81 -

Mt: Coking Coal 18.55 17.40 14.38 8.14 7.32 7.14 7.74 Steam Coal 10.60 10.32 8.03 6.72 8.26 6.12 6.01 Brown Coal 88.84 89.09 78.98 50.31 48.50 48.77 49.06 Peat 0.60 0.50 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-2.10 -2.28 -0.98 -

-4.57 -1.80 -3.16 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.109

Czech Republic 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

45.23 27.50 11.52 2.59 3.62 -

50.16 26.33 13.83 3.40 4.65 1.95

48.27 19.07 12.20 6.86 5.92 4.23

35.98 6.59 10.81 8.45 0.33 6.07 3.75

38.60 5.60 11.99 9.03 1.75 6.44 3.79

40.07 5.52 13.43 8.87 1.90 0.00 6.61 3.73

40.09 4.96 13.88 8.83 2.08 0.00 6.79 3.54

0.38 -2.13 0.34 5.90 2.93 -

-1.23 -8.59 0.87 1.70 0.92 -1.18

25.23 16.34 5.93 0.66 2.31 -

26.87 16.70 7.03 0.40 2.73 -

22.73 9.91 4.18 3.79 3.31 1.54

12.99 4.68 0.95 3.72 0.20 2.33 1.11

12.04 3.67 0.74 3.61 0.39 2.52 1.12

12.42 3.45 1.04 3.55 0.49 2.75 1.14

12.23 3.55 0.69 3.45 0.71 2.84 0.99

-0.61 -2.90 -2.03 10.87 2.14 -

-4.05 -6.61 -11.33 -0.62 -1.00 -2.91

3.49 0.17 3.09 -

3.76 0.14 3.33 -

4.09 3.70 -

7.02 6.60 0.04

8.60 0.01 8.18 0.05

9.05 0.01 8.68 0.05

9.65 0.01 9.32 0.06

0.93 1.06 -

5.90 6.35 -

0.23 10.06 9.29 e 0.07 0.22

0.28 10.65 8.04 e 0.13 0.55

0.39 11.34 6.71 e 0.13 1.53

0.09 0.29 7.59 1.12 0.11 2.93

0.09 0.27 9.04 0.76 0.08 3.43

0.05 0.27 8.93 0.75 0.08 3.36

0.01 0.27 8.64 0.55 0.05 3.30

3.08 0.71 -1.89 3.64 12.25

-2.46 -1.79 -15.34 -6.25 5.24

0.48 0.89 0.39 e 0.25

0.76 1.18 2.26 0.33 e 0.13 0.63

1.18 1.78 4.33 1.86 e 0.07 1.27

1.70 1.73 4.26 0.34 0.01 1.58

1.18 1.78 1.81 4.89 0.61 0.01 1.81

1.25 0.00 1.78 1.70 4.92 0.68 0.01 1.77

1.26 0.00 1.81 1.67 4.67 0.36 0.01 1.82

5.42 9.76 9.55 10.14

2.87 -0.45 0.52 -10.36 -13.32 2.40

0.04 1.42 0.88 2.99 2.99 -

0.07 1.55 0.84 3.28 0.49 2.80 -

0.07 0.00 1.50 0.87 4.18 0.60 3.59 -

0.08 0.00 1.54 0.86 4.25 0.46 3.78 -

3.56 2.53 2.53 -

8.58 1.69 3.60 2.81 -

of which: Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Total Transport Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.25 0.41 0.45 Heat 0.77 0.67 Non-Energy Use 1.63 1.85 2.50 Coal Oil 1.63 1.85 2.50 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.110 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Czech Republic 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

57.8 2.3 -12.0 -0.3

51.9 2.2 -10.4 1.2

35.7 1.5 -8.3 1.8

35.5 2.6 -6.7 -1.4

33.6 1.9 -6.6 -0.1

34.2 2.8 -8.2 0.1

-0.3 15.0 6.3 x

-2.9 -1.1 -3.0 x

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

54.3 0.2 -3.7 -0.0

Primary Supply

50.8

47.7

44.9

30.8

29.9

28.8

28.9

-0.7

-2.9

Statistical Difference

1.8

3.3

-0.3

-0.7

-0.7

-0.6

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-24.2 e

-23.7 e

-24.4 e

-23.0 e

-22.9 e

-22.7 e

..

0.1

-0.5

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-11.9 e -11.9 e -

-16.7 e -16.7 e -

-21.4 e -18.4 e -3.0 e

-20.7 -18.8 -1.9

-20.5 -18.6 -1.9

-20.6 -18.8 -1.8

.. .. ..

3.5 2.6 -

-0.3 0.2 -3.5

-2.3 e

-2.6 e

-1.2

-0.6

-0.7

-0.7

..

-3.9

-3.4

-10.0 e 0.0 e -2.6 e -7.4 e -

-4.3 e 0.0 -2.6 e -1.8 -

-1.8 e 0.0 -1.8 e -0.0 -

-1.8 e 0.0 -1.4 e -0.4 -

-1.7 e 0.0 -1.5 e -0.2 -

-1.4 e -0.0 -1.3 e -0.1 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-9.5 -7.5 -2.1 -26.6 -

-1.9 -2.1 3.3 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3) Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

e e e e

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-1.0 e

-1.0 e

-1.1 e

-0.5

-0.6

-0.6

..

0.8

-4.2

-0.1 e

-0.1 e

-0.1 e

-0.0

-0.2

-0.1

..

x

x

27.5

26.3

19.1

6.6

5.5

5.0

..

-2.1

-8.6

16.3 3.4 e 1.1 e 0.5 e 1.3 e

16.7 3.9 e 0.9 e 0.7 e 1.1 e

9.9 5.0 e 0.5 e 0.5 e 0.3 e

4.7 2.0 e 1.2 0.3 0.1

3.4 1.6 e 1.3 0.2 0.0

3.5 1.7 e 1.3 0.2 0.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.9 2.2 -4.6 -0.3 -7.7

-6.6 -6.8 6.3 -6.0 -7.4

0.2

0.1

-

-

0.0

0.0

..

-

-

1.9 0.3 1.1

1.5 0.7 0.7

0.9 0.4 0.6

.. .. ..

-1.1 9.5 -1.9

-14.1 -10.4 -15.3

-

0.6

0.5

..

-

-

11.0 0.4 e 9.3 e

9.5 0.3 e 8.0 e

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

9.2 1.9 e 6.7 e -

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.111

Czech Republic 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

9.81 - e 7.85 1.10 0.05 0.60 0.04 6.05 1.95 -

11.77 - e 9.41 1.32 0.05 0.77 0.04 7.23 2.34 -

10.12 4.94 3.75 1.19 - e 0.03 3.05 0.85 e 0.04 0.47 0.03 1.66 e 1.89 -

5.75 3.90 3.79 0.11 1.46 0.79 0.15 0.25 0.01 0.26 0.75 -

4.74 3.79 3.70 0.09 0.71 0.32 0.06 0.16 0.01 0.16 0.22 0.02

5.33 3.74 3.67 0.08 1.14 0.64 0.21 0.20 0.03 0.06 0.21 0.05

4.89 3.27 3.23 0.04 1.29 0.81 0.20 0.21 0.03 0.04 0.21 0.04

0.26 -7.58 -2.11 -2.32 -2.01 -2.51 -10.23 -0.26 -

-4.74 -2.71 -0.98 -19.88 -5.57 -0.35 11.40 -5.14 -0.75 -21.61 -13.58 -

12.57 12.57 e -

12.17 12.17 e -

9.94 8.54 e 1.40 1.40 e - e -

4.97 4.56 0.04 0.04 0.00 -

4.58 4.58 -

4.53 4.64 -

4.33 4.34 -

-1.93 -3.17 -

-5.38 -4.41 -

50.37 41.15 37.36 3.79 0.44 1.35 4.94 0.21 2.41 0.20 0.23 1.90 1.49 -

49.15 40.40 36.51 3.89 0.58 1.54 4.26 0.46 2.43 0.15 0.19 1.01 2.25 -

47.43 39.87 36.02 3.85 0.53 1.51 3.18 0.09 2.60 0.03 0.04 0.41 2.28 -

47.62 40.95 37.13 3.82 0.54 1.49 3.32 0.09 2.60 0.03 0.21 0.40 1.26 -

-1.04 1.18 0.13 -0.10 -6.97 -6.80 -3.52 -5.93 2.43 -10.39 -6.96 -1.10 -

-2.70 -0.43 -0.25 -1.96 -8.20 -3.82 -4.96 -8.76 5.29 -17.40 -8.48 -14.61 -15.28 -

Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

81.32 79.82 71.77 37.97 40.18 43.71 37.97 40.18 38.58 5.13 1.96 2.00 1.94 6.35 6.14 2.67 16.58 14.95 7.12 0.54 0.49 0.35 2.49 2.24 1.20 0.36 0.32 0.48 2.95 2.66 0.79 10.24 9.24 4.31 17.36 15.63 15.20 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.112 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Czech Republic 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

10.29 52.02 ..

11.54 52.49 ..

20.49 111.20 94.07

21.88 81.86 113.73

23.40 102.38 131.20

c 107.82 153.84

c 122.46 ..

c 152.21 ..

c 212.31 ..

.. .. 52.02 .. ..

.. .. 52.49 .. ..

24.44 52.62 111.20 .. 94.07

26.96 50.72 81.86 .. 114.81

33.88 65.74 102.38 109.99 135.00

c c 107.82 123.77 158.24

c c 122.46 141.10 169.15

c c 152.21 180.97 227.52

c c 212.31 243.72 312.80

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Czech Crowns / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

54 1020 ..

60 1020 ..

134 2718 2171

308 4307 5650

279 4563 5521

c 4130 5564

c 4284 ..

c 4964 ..

c 6531 ..

Steam Coal .. .. Coking Coal .. .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil 1020 1020 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

235 877 2718 .. 2171

558 1820 4307 .. 5704

594 1998 4563 4902 5681

c c 4130 4741 5723

c c 4284 4936 5587

c c 4964 5902 7006

c c 6531 7497 9085

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

0.21 e .. .. 0.21 e

2.33 2.11 2.11 0.01 0.21

2.25 2.09 2.09 0.15

1.48 0.90 0.22 0.68 0.00 0.59

1.98 1.14 0.44 0.70 0.84

2.23 1.19 0.44 0.76 1.04

2.57 1.41 0.46 0.95 0.00 1.17

1.91 1.08 0.42 0.66 0.00 0.83

2.76 1.68 0.83 0.85 0.01 1.07

Total Exports 3.65 e 12.02 10.38 8.26 7.13 7.03 6.72 Hard Coal 5.41 4.69 5.93 5.07 5.41 5.14 Coking Coal .. 4.87 4.22 3.42 3.26 3.57 3.18 Steam Coal .. 0.54 0.47 2.51 1.81 1.84 1.96 Brown Coal / Lignite 3.96 4.03 1.29 0.98 0.54 0.51 Peat Coal Products(1) 3.65 e 2.65 1.66 1.03 1.08 1.08 1.06 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

6.60 5.04 2.99 2.06 0.54 1.02

8.21 6.38 4.27 2.10 0.68 1.16

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.113

Czech Republic 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1) Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

274 e

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

2302 e

2282 e

1094

1237

1296

1620

1263

1958

-

-

-

217 217 -

451 450 1

451 422 -

477 473 -

492 492 -

973 973 -

-

-

-

-

-

29 -

4 -

-

-

877 869 -

786 742 1

845 781 -

1143 2 1030 1

771 2 733 1

985 1 929 -

6 2 -

39 4 -

62 2 -

100 10 -

32 3 -

2 50 2 1

274 e 274 e -

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

2302 e 2302 e -

2282 e 2282 e -

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.114 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Czech Republic 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1) Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

5934 e 11060 600 59 69 5126 80 -

e e e

e

e e

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

5200

4504

3427

3389

3710

3272

3210

4596

4328 1244 744 538 901 -

4760 1233 1 478 306 1371 -

5357 1233 431 399 1647 -

4582 1084 304 572 1311 -

4390 994 230 592 1287 -

2930 910 450 1570 -

9545 591 25 2 114 4345 123 -

e e e

e

e

e e

8185 785 28 10 3681 -

e e

e

e

e

-

-

-

-

-

-

2 1

214 107

3332 1666

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.115

Czech Republic 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes)

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

394

578

498

2459

2304

1959

2306

2051

2096

3373 331 1033 43 102 931 2 -

3082 502 896 51 75 779 -

2509 576 711 21 101 550 -

2872 1086 587 51 574 -

2511 981 526 21 45 469 -

1630 838 551 67 174 -

631 6 100 1 36 237 6 8 -

e

e

e e

e

e e e

900 14 4 146 1 68 322 11 12 -

e

e

e

e e

e

e e e

696 40 220 32 198 6 2 -

e

e

e

e

e e

e

-

-

-

34 17

2 1

-

16 8

18 9

930 2 464

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.116 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Denmark* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

40

450

35

400 350

30

300

25

250 20

200

15

150

10

100

5

50

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

12

12

10

10

8

8

6

6

4

4

2

2

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

60

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 14

1975

1980

Renewables

14

0 1970

1975

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 80 70

50

60 40 50 30

40 30

20

20 10 10 0 1970 Coal

1975

1980

1985

Oil

Gas

Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.117

Denmark 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 28.33 28.26 25.56 Coal 2.76 8.39 8.70 Oil 25.09 19.09 11.69 Gas 0.00 0.00 2.60 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.51 0.92 1.63 Nuclear Hydro 0.00 0.00 0.00 Geothermal 0.00 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.00 0.08 Net Electricity trade(1) -0.03 -0.15 0.87 Heat(2) 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

27.66 5.69 12.49 6.35 2.49 0.00 0.00 0.53 0.08 0.00

28.86 6.23 12.00 6.62 3.52 0.00 0.01 0.82 -0.35 0.01

28.01 5.31 11.72 6.28 3.69 0.00 0.00 0.83 0.17 0.01

28.98 6.68 12.14 6.48 3.76 0.00 0.00 0.76 -0.85 0.01

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 -0.60 6.99 -4.40 65.00 7.11 0.91 -

0.61 -3.24 0.02 6.07 5.61 -1.30 2.15 17.01 -10.35 1.68

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

90 101 124 160 166 171 0.31 0.28 0.21 0.17 0.17 0.16 Population (millions) 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.3 5.4 5.4 TPES/population(1) 5.64 5.52 4.97 5.18 5.34 5.17 TPES/GDP(2) 182.3 161.9 119.4 100.0 100.5 94.8 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 86.2 233.7 197.4 100.0 105.4 87.2 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 88.3 105.6 112.9 100.0 98.1 96.6 Elec. Generation (TWh) 19 27 26 36 40 36 Industrial Production(2) .. 57.5 75.8 100.0 103.2 104.9 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

177 0.16 5.4 5.33 95.0 106.4 .. 46 108.6

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.90 -2.46 0.14 -0.74 -2.46 5.00 1.46 1.82 -

2.18 -1.53 0.35 0.26 -1.53 -5.30 -1.03 2.25 2.19

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.118 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Denmark 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

23.22 0.48 20.37 0.17 0.23 1.98 -

22.08 0.66 17.19 0.17 0.55 0.00 2.66 0.84

19.83 0.57 10.80 1.65 0.81 0.00 3.48 2.51

21.57 0.42 10.62 2.38 0.93 0.01 3.99 3.22

22.11 0.33 10.63 2.49 1.14 0.01 3.98 3.53

22.50 0.37 10.93 2.43 1.18 0.01 4.06 3.52

22.53 0.34 10.93 2.43 1.26 0.01 4.12 3.44

-0.93 0.99 -3.66 14.36 7.65 3.39 -

0.86 -3.41 0.08 2.59 3.03 9.42 1.12 2.12

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

4.82 0.30 3.85 0.02 0.08 0.57 -

4.50 0.55 3.01 0.01 0.11 0.71 0.11

3.86 0.46 1.33 0.77 0.16 1.04 0.11

4.20 0.38 1.08 1.11 0.16 1.23 0.23

4.09 0.29 1.13 1.07 0.16 1.20 0.25

4.16 0.34 1.16 1.02 0.16 1.23 0.25

4.06 0.28 1.10 1.02 0.16 1.26 0.24

-1.30 2.49 -6.08 22.90 4.01 3.64 -

0.33 -3.20 -1.24 1.92 -0.26 1.31 5.52

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

5.02 0.00 5.01 -

5.21 5.19 -

5.87 5.84 -

6.95 6.91 -

7.17 7.12 -

7.51 7.47 -

7.69 7.64 -

0.91 0.91 -

1.82 1.81 -

0.01 10.02 0.18 8.78 0.13

0.02 8.05 0.10 6.04 0.14

0.03 5.75 0.03 1.84 0.59

0.04 5.96 0.00 1.12 0.94

0.04 6.32 0.00 1.01 1.02

0.05 6.29 0.00 0.95 1.02

0.05 6.30 0.90 1.01

3.87 -3.21 -10.90 -8.78 9.12

4.14 0.62 -4.64 3.60

0.12 0.81 0.46 0.01

0.35 0.00 0.91 0.49 1.76 0.73 0.01

0.48 0.00 1.19 1.62 2.47 0.00 0.47 0.20

0.61 0.01 1.25 2.03 2.62 0.19 0.23

0.81 0.01 1.26 2.20 2.82 0.16 0.30

0.86 0.01 1.27 2.19 2.84 0.17 0.30

0.96 0.01 1.28 2.14 2.81 0.15 0.30

8.64 2.27 10.40 18.35

4.72 9.39 0.52 1.88 0.88 -7.42 2.73

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.02 0.02 0.04 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.00 Electricity 0.43 0.75 1.03 Heat 0.24 0.72 Non-Energy Use 1.03 0.63 0.44 Coal Oil 1.03 0.63 0.44 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.09 0.00 1.22 0.90 0.43 0.43 -

0.10 0.00 1.24 1.02 0.39 0.39 -

0.09 0.00 1.28 1.01 0.44 0.44 -

0.08 0.00 1.29 0.99 0.41 0.41 -

5.04 5.28 -4.90 -4.90 -

3.50 9.52 1.55 2.15 -0.50 -0.50 -

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.119

Denmark 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

2.7 -0.1 0.1

8.7 -0.1 -0.3

8.9 -0.0 -0.2

5.5 -0.1 0.3

6.5 -0.1 -0.1

5.1 -0.1 0.3

7.3 -0.1 -0.5

7.2 -1.0 x

-3.7 3.4 x

Primary Supply

2.8

8.4

8.7

5.7

6.2

5.3

6.7

7.0

-3.2

Statistical Difference

0.0

0.2

-0.0

-0.0

0.0

-0.0

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-2.3

-8.0

-8.1

-5.2

-5.9

-4.9

..

7.7

-3.3

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-2.3 -2.3 -

-8.0 -7.9 -0.1

-8.1 -8.1 -0.1

-5.2 -5.2 -0.0

-5.9 -5.9 -0.0

-4.9 -4.9 -0.0

.. .. ..

7.8 7.7 -

-3.3 -3.2 -15.5

Autoproducers Gas Works

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

(2)

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants

-

-

-

-

-

-

.. .. .. .. ..

-

-

Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

0.5

0.7

0.6

0.4

0.4

0.3

..

1.0

-3.4

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0

0.5 0.0 0.4 0.1

0.5 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0

0.4 0.0 0.0 0.2 -

0.3 0.0 0.2 -

0.3 0.0 0.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

2.5 -14.6 2.8 18.4

-3.2 14.0 -0.4 -

Transport sector(6)

0.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.2 0.2

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.1 -

.. .. ..

-2.7 -10.9

-4.4 -

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Coal Transformation

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.120 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Denmark 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

5.65 4.99 4.93 0.06 0.09 0.69 0.55 0.06 0.09 0.01 -

9.66 9.28 9.23 0.06 0.09 0.54 0.36 0.07 0.11 0.02 -

9.99 9.40 9.34 0.06 0.47 0.00 0.20 0.05 0.22 0.03 -

6.64 6.19 6.18 0.02 0.38 0.02 0.23 0.13 0.00 -

9.53 9.31 9.30 0.01 0.29 0.02 0.19 0.08 -

7.33 7.01 7.01 0.00 0.34 0.03 0.22 0.09 -

6.23 5.91 5.90 0.01 0.28 0.02 0.18 0.07 -

4.86 5.43 5.47 0.55 -3.18 -8.07 -1.35 7.85 5.95 -

-3.10 -3.05 -3.01 -15.54 -3.52 13.85 -0.63 -7.03 -

-

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.121

Denmark 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. c

55.86 118.18 c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

76.39 x 69.50 .. 258.30

95.46 x 145.82 .. 538.26

119.95 x .. 108.12 c

.. x .. 162.96 c

.. x .. 171.78 c

.. x .. 223.78 c

.. x .. 205.61 c

.. x .. 280.27 c

.. x .. 315.42 c

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Danish Crowns / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. c

262 918 c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

Steam Coal 421 538 Coking Coal x x High Suplhur Fuel Oil 528 1133 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 1830 3900 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

742 x .. 922 c

.. x .. 1817 c

.. x .. 1867 c

.. x .. 2029 c

.. x .. 1697 c

.. x .. 2317 c

.. x .. 2584 c

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

2.73 2.58 .. .. 0.14

8.70 8.54 0.01 8.54 0.16

8.93 8.88 8.88 0.05

5.51 5.46 5.46 0.05

5.43 5.39 5.39 0.04

8.08 8.05 8.05 0.03

6.45 6.41 6.41 0.04

5.09 5.05 5.05 0.04

7.28 7.24 7.24 0.04

Total Exports 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.10 0.14 0.13 0.13 Hard Coal 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.14 0.13 0.13 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.14 0.13 0.13 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.08 0.08 0.08 -

0.09 0.09 0.09 -

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.122 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Denmark 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

6110

9969

10255

6416

6263

9515

7592

5971

8557

-

7 2 1 1 1 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

6110 177 307 6 941 3078 145 2 8

9962 436 204 4 275 3422 592 1376 44

10255 1127 646 39 52 972 592 3223 8

6416 143 2311 3 177

6263 250 2263 13 494

9515 569 880 246 505

7592 442 1092 1 188 329

5971 129 830 66 309

8557 190 3 529 29 274 129

868 528 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 50 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

3118 395 96

57 2057 1482

812 1672 1295 3 -

792 150 1214 1085 2 -

394 2681 289 2971 970 10 -

275 1454 1845 1966 -

1254 1852 1531 -

1537 631 3062 2009 164 -

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.123

Denmark 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

-

2

54

123

168

151

157

96

110

-

-

54 9 14 31 -

123 76 34 13 -

168 17 75 76 -

151 15 66 70 -

157 63 93 1 -

96 95 1 -

110 29 79 2 -

Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.124 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Denmark 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

54.71

93.62

535.51

128.76

..

..

..

625.03

..

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

.. .. .. 52.54 73.01 .. 96.23 .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. 128.76 .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

37.65 46.02 38.53 40.78 31.65 50.27 56.29 Imports from: Australia 31.92 43.67 35.66 37.64 30.22 43.58 40.19 Canada 45.64 50.24 39.52 .. .. .. .. Czech Republic .. 72.83 .. .. .. .. .. Poland 36.81 45.29 36.22 41.03 31.88 40.12 52.46 United States 42.88 46.31 42.57 39.19 .. 107.27 59.65 China 36.42 43.94 .. 38.45 .. 74.65 52.10 Colombia 34.57 47.11 36.57 37.71 30.75 58.73 57.11 South Africa .. .. 39.01 43.87 33.11 42.83 57.29 Former USSR(2) 34.71 41.65 40.89 40.65 31.65 47.01 59.95 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

61.84

59.15

56.06 .. .. 52.10 62.81 .. 62.06 67.27 59.88

.. .. .. 51.93 65.96 .. 59.23 59.65 60.51

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.125

Finland* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

60

350

50

300 250

40 200 30 150 20

100

10

50

0 1970

1975

1980

Coal

Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

12

12

10

10

8

8

6

6

4

4

2

2

100

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 14

1975

1980

Renewables

14

0 1970

1975

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 80

90

70

80 60

70 60

50

50

40

40

30

30 20

20

10

10 0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.126 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Finland 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 30.49 36.30 41.67 Coal 3.65 7.07 7.60 Oil 19.39 19.16 14.64 Gas 1.10 3.12 Comb. Renew/Waste 5.63 4.96 6.52 Nuclear 2.61 7.15 Hydro 1.29 1.26 1.33 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.00 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.53 0.15 1.31 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

47.11 7.28 13.75 4.89 9.56 8.37 1.80 0.01 1.46 0.00

54.08 10.74 16.04 5.64 10.50 8.46 1.85 0.14 0.60 0.10

49.94 7.05 15.29 5.14 9.78 8.66 1.69 0.14 2.09 0.10

53.84 10.37 15.78 5.51 10.60 8.52 1.41 0.14 1.40 0.10

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.85 4.41 -1.64 0.86 0.19 5.45 -

1.21 -0.50 0.29 3.39 2.74 1.28 1.60 44.67 3.17 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

61 74 100 122 134 138 0.50 0.49 0.42 0.39 0.40 0.36 Population (millions) 4.7 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.2 5.2 TPES/population(1) 6.54 7.59 8.36 9.10 10.35 9.52 TPES/GDP(2) 129.2 126.1 107.5 100.0 104.4 93.7 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 100.1 159.0 126.8 100.0 134.3 85.6 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 71.2 80.5 94.8 100.0 100.1 94.7 Elec. Generation (TWh) 26 41 54 70 86 71 Industrial Production(2) 35.6 45.5 60.3 100.0 108.4 108.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

146 0.37 5.3 10.25 95.6 119.2 .. 82 117.5

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.96 -1.08 0.39 1.46 -1.08 1.40 1.70 4.41 3.15

2.14 -0.91 0.34 0.87 -0.91 -2.58 -0.01 1.75 3.98

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

0.63

1.04

2.59

1.72

1.26

3.04

4.20

12.47

1.08

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat 2.21 3.63 7.15 4.86 3.63 8.74 12.07 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

10.28

1.34

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.127

Finland 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

27.76 1.51 16.43 0.01 5.63 3.31 0.86

28.06 1.58 14.72 0.62 4.93 4.57 1.64

32.45 2.23 13.81 1.41 5.03 0.00 7.24 2.74

34.84 1.64 11.43 1.43 7.08 0.00 9.29 3.97

37.61 1.48 12.73 1.39 6.66 0.00 9.93 5.41

38.14 1.42 12.78 1.23 7.12 0.00 10.21 5.37

36.92 1.43 12.67 1.24 6.50 0.00 9.94 5.14

0.92 2.32 -1.02 31.15 -0.66 4.71 7.02

0.86 -2.90 -0.57 -0.86 1.73 1.51 2.14 4.29

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

9.35 1.34 5.67 0.01 2.22 0.11

8.58 1.44 3.60 0.57 2.80 0.17

12.90 2.20 1.64 1.31 3.50 4.00 0.25

15.95 1.60 1.25 1.27 5.53 5.26 1.04

17.16 1.44 2.22 1.19 4.99 5.44 1.89

17.65 1.38 2.12 1.02 5.45 5.67 2.01

16.41 1.39 1.98 1.03 4.85 5.31 1.85

1.91 2.96 -7.05 35.41 3.52 4.83

1.62 -3.00 1.29 -1.62 2.19 1.92 14.27

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

3.64 0.02 3.62 -

4.30 4.27 -

6.23 6.18 -

6.44 6.35 0.02

6.80 6.68 0.04

7.03 6.92 0.03

7.06 6.95 0.03

3.21 3.20 -

0.84 0.79 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.01 6.20 0.15 4.88 0.01

0.03 6.45 0.15 4.30 0.05

0.05 7.66 0.03 2.95 0.04

0.07 6.51 0.02 1.07 0.03

0.01 0.08 7.15 0.02 1.04 0.04

0.01 0.08 6.92 0.02 0.98 0.04

0.08 6.94 0.02 0.92 0.04

12.32 1.25 -8.67 -2.90 11.52

2.85 -0.65 -2.30 -7.47 0.09

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

0.62 0.55 0.43 -

0.99 0.96 0.68 -

1.30 0.00 1.79 1.54 1.28 -

1.34 0.00 2.23 1.82 2.24 0.02 0.48 0.04

1.41 0.00 2.51 2.13 2.43 0.02 0.47 0.05

1.40 0.00 2.50 1.98 2.48 0.02 0.46 0.05

1.39 0.00 2.53 2.04 2.49 0.02 0.42 0.04

6.48 6.28 6.58 -

0.41 1.51 2.31 1.92 4.55 -

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.43 0.68 1.28 Heat Non-Energy Use 1.54 1.79 2.10 Coal Oil 1.54 1.79 2.07 Gas 0.03 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.08 1.63 1.45 1.40 0.05

0.09 1.80 1.41 1.35 0.06

0.09 1.86 1.42 1.35 0.07

0.09 1.91 1.52 1.44 0.07

6.58 1.87 1.77 -

2.73 -2.16 -2.38 5.47

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.128 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Finland 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

0.1 3.5 -0.0 0.1

1.0 5.4 -0.0 0.6

2.6 6.3 -0.0 -1.3

1.7 5.1 -0.0 0.5

1.3 7.9 -0.0 1.6

3.0 4.8 -0.0 -0.8

4.2 6.5 -0.0 -0.3

22.6 3.5 -17.1 x

1.1 -1.8 19.3 x

Primary Supply

3.6

7.1

7.6

7.3

10.7

7.0

10.4

4.4

-0.5

Statistical Difference

-0.0

-0.2

-0.0

-0.0

-0.1

-0.1

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-2.1 e

-5.3 e

-5.4 e

-5.6 e

-9.2 e

-5.5 e

..

5.6

0.1

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-1.7 -1.7 -

-4.9 -4.5 -0.5

-4.8 -4.5 -0.3

-4.9 -4.5 -0.4

-8.6 -8.2 -0.4

-4.8 -4.4 -0.4

.. .. ..

6.2 5.8 -

-0.0 -0.2 2.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.4 e -0.4 e -

-0.5 e -0.5 e -0.0 -

-0.6 e -0.5 e -0.1 -

-0.6 e -0.5 e -0.1 -

-0.7 e -0.5 e -0.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

2.2 2.0 -

1.2 -0.4 17.3 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants

-0.4 e -0.4 e -

Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

..

x

x

1.5

1.6

2.2

1.6

1.4

1.4

..

2.3

-2.9

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

1.3 0.4 e 0.0 0.0

1.4 0.5 e 0.0 0.5 0.3

2.2 0.8 e 0.1 0.7 0.5

1.6 0.9 e 0.1 0.1 0.4

1.4 0.8 e 0.1 0.1 0.3

1.4 0.8 e 0.1 0.1 0.3

.. .. .. .. ..

3.0 4.3 17.2 20.2

-3.0 -0.0 0.3 -9.8 -4.5

Transport sector(6)

0.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.2 0.2

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

.. .. ..

-8.7 -8.7

1.8 -2.3

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.129

Finland 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

5.31 4.57 4.52 0.05 0.67 0.09 0.01 0.41 0.15 0.08 -

5.69 4.82 4.73 0.10 0.79 0.08 0.01 0.51 0.18 0.08 -

4.94 3.88 3.77 0.11 1.04 0.08 0.08 0.76 0.09 0.02 0.01 -

3.91 3.50 3.46 0.05 0.34 0.07 0.17 0.09 0.01 0.01 -

7.64 7.37 7.35 0.02 0.26 0.07 0.17 0.02 0.01 -

6.72 6.47 6.46 0.02 0.24 0.08 0.14 0.02 0.01 -

3.20 2.91 2.90 0.02 0.28 0.09 0.17 0.02 0.01 -

-0.60 -1.34 -1.49 7.24 3.82 -0.61 16.10 5.22 -14.26 -16.20 -

-2.86 -1.90 -1.75 -11.10 -8.48 0.39 -9.59 -10.11 -1.66 -

-

-

0.71 0.71 -

1.28 1.28 -

1.23 1.28 -

1.36 1.28 -

1.40 1.28 -

-

4.63 3.98 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.130 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Finland 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

51.74 71.34 78.45

77.80 148.30 158.02

72.35 130.84 96.13

44.40 133.67 88.04

50.59 121.50 84.76

55.49 149.77 105.93

76.99 160.09 113.21

82.82 232.79 128.66

85.36 267.72 173.47

51.74 .. 71.34 .. 78.45

77.80 .. 148.30 .. 158.02

72.35 .. 130.84 .. 96.13

89.47 99.78 .. 172.12 101.68

96.68 109.88 .. 160.82 98.71

113.53 126.04 .. 198.88 123.46

140.81 158.63 .. 214.08 132.46

146.63 196.65 .. 286.78 147.93

149.81 203.29 .. 322.25 192.94

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Euro / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

31.11 67.61 69.70

42.38 127.32 127.18

40.48 115.38 79.47

41.92 198.90 122.82

46.70 176.79 115.62

42.73 181.78 120.53

53.93 176.74 117.18

58.01 257.00 133.16

59.20 292.63 177.76

Steam Coal 31.11 42.38 Coking Coal .. .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil 67.61 127.32 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 69.70 127.18 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

40.48 .. 115.38 .. 79.47

84.47 108.23 .. 256.12 141.85

89.25 116.55 .. 234.01 134.65

87.43 111.51 .. 241.38 140.48

98.63 127.66 .. 236.34 137.10

102.71 158.25 .. 316.60 153.11

103.90 161.98 .. 352.23 197.71

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

3.50 2.68 .. .. 0.82

5.41 4.20 4.20 1.21

6.27 5.49 0.64 4.85 0.77

5.08 4.58 1.26 3.32 0.50

5.68 5.20 1.26 3.94 0.48

9.48 8.99 1.22 7.76 0.49

7.90 7.39 1.36 6.02 0.51

4.80 4.29 1.40 2.89 0.50

6.45 5.94 1.07 4.87 0.51

Total Exports 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 Hard Coal Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite Peat 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 Coal Products(1) 0.02 0.00 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.01 0.01 -

0.02 0.02 -

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.131

Finland 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

4789

4669

6101

5072

5790

10146

8286

4723

6671

-

-

711 203 45 -

1258 100 2 705 360 -

1260 340 147 390 220 -

1225 403 156 430 200 -

1364 336 239 308 410 -

1401 487 519 13 382 -

1073 249 434 2 324 -

-

-

463 -

91 -

163 -

36 -

71 -

-

64 -

4789 4089 3 -

4669 4 3535 4 533 4

5390 2609 253 41 -

3814 1313 51

4530 65 1293 7 3 261

8921 122 1656 7 66 64

6922 1317 12 20 82

3322 551 3 1

5598 530 9 467 48

697 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

589 -

100 334 1905 148 -

2448 2 -

134 200 66 2473 28 -

528 59 275 412 5558 172 2 -

5422 69 -

2736 31 -

323 274 379 3545 23 -

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.132 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Finland 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

..

..

60.49

60.64

63.46

66.29

95.47

131.60

138.48

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. 60.94 60.37 .. .. .. 59.06

61.77 63.68 .. 59.18 58.10 .. .. .. 60.09

66.55 64.15 .. 60.87 65.26 .. .. .. 61.99

65.58 69.89 .. 66.07 65.40 .. .. .. 66.06

85.75 89.94 .. 124.02 92.30 .. .. .. 54.76

148.54 153.33 .. 147.80 121.25 .. .. .. 57.46

139.46 149.22 .. .. 125.76 .. .. .. 124.04

.. 49.71 44.30 40.83 37.08 39.99 58.45 Imports from: Australia .. .. 46.59 .. 44.43 46.85 .. Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland .. .. 44.28 43.14 38.34 38.21 63.74 United States .. .. 53.46 .. .. 42.11 .. China .. .. .. 42.06 .. 42.69 .. Colombia .. .. 52.73 .. 48.32 45.46 .. South Africa .. .. .. .. 44.11 39.99 .. Former USSR(2) .. .. 40.34 38.94 35.24 39.83 57.32 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

62.80

67.65

.. .. .. 68.11 .. .. .. .. 61.59

.. .. .. 73.39 78.95 .. 82.30 76.78 62.84

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.133

France* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

450

120

400 100 350 80

300 250

60

200 40

150 100

20

50 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

50

50

40

40

30

30

20

20

10

10

600

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 60

1975

1980

Renewables

60

0 1970

1975

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 600

500

500

400

400

300

300

200

200

100

100

0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.134 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

France 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 263.79 276.52 325.45 Coal 41.77 46.99 28.87 Oil 177.60 154.45 124.69 Gas 19.37 30.91 37.18 Comb. Renew/Waste 13.98 12.35 16.50 Nuclear 5.49 22.80 116.93 Hydro 5.86 8.54 6.61 Geothermal 0.00 0.02 0.16 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.07 0.07 0.10 Net Electricity trade(1) -0.35 0.40 -5.58 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

369.08 21.49 124.64 51.08 17.31 154.56 8.25 0.18 0.10 -8.54 -

392.76 19.86 131.62 57.34 16.95 166.88 7.35 0.19 0.17 -7.59 -

394.24 20.60 130.63 58.55 17.01 168.10 6.35 0.19 0.22 -7.41 -

390.30 21.75 127.58 56.49 17.24 167.60 6.86 0.19 0.37 -7.78 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.24 -2.15 -2.06 3.91 0.98 19.71 0.71 28.87 2.11 17.60 -

1.29 -2.23 0.31 3.07 0.20 2.45 -0.27 1.09 5.46 1.90 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

698 841 1088 1328 1413 1430 0.38 0.33 0.30 0.28 0.28 0.28 Population (millions) 53.3 55.1 58.2 60.7 62.3 62.7 TPES/population(1) 4.95 5.02 5.59 6.08 6.30 6.29 TPES/GDP(2) 136.0 118.3 107.6 100.0 100.0 99.2 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 369.8 345.2 164.0 100.0 86.8 89.0 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 73.5 85.8 95.8 100.0 102.4 101.9 Elec. Generation (TWh) 183 257 417 536 569 571 Industrial Production(2) 69.0 75.9 86.5 100.0 102.1 102.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

1457 0.27 62.7 6.23 96.4 92.3 .. 569 102.5

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.65 -1.37 0.52 0.72 -1.37 -4.67 1.57 4.98 1.34

1.84 -0.54 0.50 0.78 -0.54 -3.99 0.41 2.11 1.12

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

4.80 14.14 1.17 -

4.23 13.78 1.10 -

1.80 8.55 1.43 -

3.37 0.17 -

0.77 -

0.55 -

0.40 -

-7.86 -4.11 1.68 -

-16.74 -

Mt: Coking Coal 4.66 4.11 1.82 Steam Coal 16.50 16.08 9.38 3.80 0.87 0.62 0.45 Brown Coal 2.73 2.56 2.33 0.30 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-7.54 -4.60 -1.30 -

-16.59 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.135

France 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

207.94 18.67 141.95 15.95 12.73 0.00 18.26 0.37

206.52 12.23 129.48 27.59 11.16 0.02 0.01 25.69 0.34

211.08 10.74 113.61 34.17 14.55 0.16 0.03 37.13 0.68

244.01 6.11 125.24 45.91 14.63 0.18 0.02 47.29 4.62

250.04 5.12 125.99 48.47 14.33 0.18 0.02 50.16 5.76

252.59 5.07 126.41 49.23 14.21 0.19 0.03 51.56 5.89

251.99 4.82 124.82 49.54 14.27 0.19 0.03 51.91 6.42

0.09 -3.20 -1.30 4.58 0.79 28.87 4.26 3.69

1.19 -5.20 0.63 2.51 -0.13 1.09 0.97 2.26 16.12

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

60.05 10.24 31.72 6.10 1.67 10.32 -

59.06 7.66 27.72 10.35 1.61 11.72 -

47.03 8.37 9.40 13.12 2.05 14.09 -

49.34 5.20 7.89 17.64 2.08 16.54 -

51.82 4.52 9.66 19.12 2.08 16.44 -

50.34 4.49 9.59 17.35 2.11 16.79 -

50.28 4.31 9.66 17.69 2.17 16.45 -

-1.43 -1.18 -6.90 4.62 1.20 1.85 -

0.45 -4.33 0.18 2.01 0.39 1.04 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

38.66 0.09 37.76 0.02

46.88 0.03 46.00 0.01

60.57 59.48 0.00

73.93 71.98 0.00

73.77 71.76 0.05

74.37 72.25 0.06

73.66 71.49 0.07

2.68 2.71 -23.40

1.31 1.23 46.65

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.79 30.64 8.34 2.68 5.00

0.85 32.37 4.54 3.08 7.75

1.09 52.37 2.37 e 16.12 9.41

0.51 1.44 60.84 0.90 14.37 18.08 e

0.48 1.48 63.47 0.60 15.38 18.79

0.53 1.52 65.80 0.58 14.78 21.09

0.60 1.50 65.13 0.51 14.44 20.64

1.95 3.20 -7.12 11.13 3.79

2.15 1.47 -9.71 -0.73 5.38

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

10.92 0.00 3.71 53.08 47.08 2.70

9.41 0.01 0.01 7.56 43.67 32.18 6.13

12.38 0.15 0.03 11.91 26.03 7.50 8.72

11.47 0.17 0.02 15.81 26.52 6.77 6.45 e

11.11 0.17 0.02 17.39 29.46 7.31 7.54

11.00 0.17 0.03 18.15 30.11 7.38 7.82

10.93 0.17 0.03 18.41 30.63 7.07 8.14

0.74 28.81 7.11 -4.10 -10.24 7.14

-0.83 0.88 0.97 2.95 1.09 -0.39 -0.46

0.51 12.78 23.25 19.93 3.32

0.61 14.00 20.33 17.79 2.54

0.51 14.41 20.74 18.30 2.45

0.51 14.92 20.73 18.16 2.57

6.58 -0.56 -0.83 1.43

14.27 2.88 0.59 0.74 -0.38

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.07 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 3.30 5.36 9.75 Heat Non-Energy Use 20.86 19.41 18.97 Coal Oil 18.72 16.24 16.24 Gas 2.14 3.17 2.72 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.136 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

France 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

25.8 15.4 -1.9 2.4

19.1 30.1 -1.2 -1.0

11.8 19.5 -0.9 -1.5

3.5 19.3 -0.8 -0.6

0.8 19.6 -0.9 0.4

0.5 20.2 -0.7 0.6

0.4 20.6 -0.8 1.6

-4.5 1.4 -4.1 x

-18.5 0.2 -2.1 x

Primary Supply

41.8

47.0

28.9

21.5

19.9

20.6

21.8

-2.1

-2.2

Statistical Difference

2.0

-0.0

-0.2

0.2

-0.8

-0.7

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-22.1 e

-31.9 e

-16.9 e

-14.7 e

-13.3 e

-14.4 e

..

-1.6

-1.1

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-14.8 -14.8 -

-24.4 -16.9 -7.5

-12.2 -6.9 -5.2

-10.6 -9.2 -1.4

-9.2 -7.9 -1.3

-10.4 -9.0 -1.4

.. .. ..

-1.2 -4.4 -

-1.1 1.7 -8.4

-0.2

-0.1

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-7.1 e -6.3 e -1.3 0.4

-7.4 e -6.3 e -1.5 0.3

-4.7 e -3.8 e -1.1 0.2

-4.1 e -3.6 e -0.5 0.0

-4.0 e -3.3 e -0.8 0.0

-4.1 e -3.2 e -0.8 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.3 -2.8 -0.8 -3.9

-1.0 -1.1 -1.9 -24.0

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3) Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-2.5

-2.7

-0.9

-0.8

-0.7

-0.6

..

-6.1

-1.8

-0.5

-0.2

-0.2

-0.1

-

-

..

x

x

18.7

12.2

10.7

6.1

5.1

4.8

..

-3.2

-5.2

8.4 4.8 e 1.0 e 1.0 e 0.4 e

5.2 2.8 e c 0.2 e 0.1 e

4.5 2.9 e 0.5 0.3 0.2

4.3 2.7 e 0.6 0.3 0.2

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.2 -1.5 -0.9 4.3 5.6

-4.3 -3.7 -3.6 -8.5 -6.2

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.9 0.9

0.6 0.6

0.5 0.5

.. .. ..

-7.1 -7.1

-9.7 -9.7

-

-

-

..

-

-

10.2 6.2 1.2 0.5 0.2

7.7 4.6 e 0.8 0.6 0.1

0.1

0.0

-

8.3 8.3

4.5 4.5

2.4 2.4 e

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

-

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.137

France 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes) 1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

31.60 22.16 16.75 5.41 2.09 2.91 1.47 0.38 0.15 0.04 0.87 3.09 -

33.51 24.49 18.58 5.91 1.72 3.35 1.10 0.53 0.62 0.07 1.03 2.67 -

19.12 11.03 7.00 4.03 0.38 1.09 4.68 1.63 0.81 0.99 0.49 0.76 1.65 -

15.26 10.16 9.22 0.94 0.11 2.03 2.46 0.43 0.20 0.16 1.67 0.70 -

15.41 9.74 8.88 0.86 0.04 1.99 1.82 0.45 0.44 0.29 0.20 0.43 0.55 -

13.80 9.13 8.25 0.89 0.04 2.10 1.90 0.43 0.46 0.25 0.20 0.56 0.54 -

15.18 10.31 9.31 1.00 0.03 2.17 1.86 0.37 0.50 0.22 0.19 0.57 0.48 -

-4.10 -5.65 -7.01 -2.43 -13.19 4.04 0.88 6.50 17.02 22.74 -1.14 -5.10 -

-1.53 -0.45 1.92 -8.86 -14.91 4.72 -5.97 -9.37 -3.14 -9.56 -6.04 -1.85 -7.89 -

12.98 12.98 -

14.57 14.57 -

9.67 9.52 -

6.54 6.54 -

5.53 6.06 -

6.75 5.87 -

6.17 5.85 -

-2.42 -2.55 -

-2.95 -3.19 -

2.62 2.57 2.09 2.34 2.36 1.84 1.17 0.98 0.59 1.17 1.38 1.25 0.20 0.16 0.23 0.01 0.01 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.15 0.14 0.07 0.05 0.08 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.36 0.27 0.27 0.05 0.05 0.04 -

0.05 0.05 0.05 -

0.04 0.04 0.04 -

0.04 0.04 0.04 -

-1.85 -1.97 -5.51 0.55 1.17 20.31 -2.59 0.80 -

-23.73 -11.63 -8.57 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.138 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

France 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

56.31 .. ..

57.35 .. ..

41.98 .. ..

48.35 .. ..

47.85 .. ..

71.64 .. ..

84.57 .. ..

82.25 .. ..

61.82 51.84 66.80 .. 76.57

107.40 58.46 131.05 .. 137.04

128.20 62.62 97.93 .. 128.49

105.48 45.43 128.55 140.36 138.50

109.32 58.03 126.08 135.53 141.92

130.49 59.67 150.25 163.78 188.04

.. 72.00 155.40 166.92 203.92

.. 106.27 217.27 232.51 256.81

.. 128.98 258.10 268.04 320.57

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Euro / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

32.17 .. ..

42.23 .. ..

40.41 .. ..

45.51 .. ..

37.57 .. ..

51.16 .. ..

60.40 .. ..

58.16 .. ..

Steam Coal 37.73 61.36 Coking Coal 37.12 39.18 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 64.01 117.55 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 67.73 113.47 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

94.40 54.09 113.21 .. 137.11

101.53 51.29 194.27 212.12 193.21

102.90 64.08 186.33 200.29 193.59

102.45 54.96 185.22 201.89 213.96

.. 60.32 174.25 187.16 211.06

.. 89.03 243.61 260.70 265.79

.. 106.98 286.52 297.55 328.49

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

15.42 11.67 .. .. 3.75

30.11 27.00 10.75 16.25 0.00 3.11

19.50 18.22 8.17 10.05 0.04 1.24

19.34 17.84 6.81 11.03 0.03 1.47

18.46 17.08 6.67 10.41 0.01 1.37

17.28 15.73 5.80 9.93 0.02 1.53

19.64 18.31 7.07 11.23 0.02 1.31

20.16 18.56 6.44 12.12 0.02 1.58

20.56 19.01 6.25 12.76 0.02 1.53

Total Exports 1.86 1.22 0.92 0.77 0.46 0.48 0.90 Hard Coal 0.82 0.37 0.53 0.08 0.11 0.08 0.09 Coking Coal .. 0.05 0.05 Steam Coal .. 0.37 0.53 0.08 0.11 0.03 0.04 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.01 0.00 Peat Coal Products(1) 1.03 0.84 0.39 0.69 0.35 0.40 0.81 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.67 0.05 0.02 0.03 0.62

0.80 0.13 0.02 0.11 0.67

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.139

France 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

23441

29410

19389

18980

18142

16768

19460

19851

20391

8316 987 4364 1311 1 1462 -

10456 1093 18 4225 816 18 3742 -

7848 2071 637 817 254 4019 50

6543 2818 577 182 2667 1

6405 3714 460 8 192 1634 90

5577 3341 250 147 1778 5

6798 4047 365 340 1992 15

6188 3767 421 263 1605 81

6005 3896 371 1 1680 26

191 -

544 -

-

130 154 14 -

15 106 56 36 83 11

11 45 -

13 24 2

51 -

29 2

15125 785 2217 3441 891 36 98

18954 557 1185 2634 1442 3600 10

11541 1480 50 718 141 311 2586 222

12437 1022 98 881 61 425 1125

11737 804 14 272 810 73 256 369

11191 1186 56 555 70 331 554

12662 1968 55 493 55 218 492

13663 1570 70 54 1451 35 301 1115

14386 1831 103 64 927 33 330 1216

6643 853 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 161 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

83 8596 780 67

1776 2033 863 777 560 24

524 1043 6 5694 383 935 140 100

637 1611 663 4763 232 685 115 433

394 2331 728 3984 325 3 427 229 18

274 2852 610 3932 740 74 450 231 218

15 2455 245 4225 905 74 542 100 506

17 2205 584 4236 1124 35 460 150 1071

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.140 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

France 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

449

430

585

89

123

38

49

34

122

443 51 264 8 17 53 8 42 -

380 10 40 300 20 10 -

573 8 15 343 36 56 2 95 1 10 6 1 -

88 5 75 1 7 -

121 50 17 6 11 1 36 -

38 9 6 16 1 6 -

49 49 -

34 18 1 15 -

121 36 1 84 -

1 1

-

11 11 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

Non-Specified/Other 5 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

50

1

1

2

-

-

-

1

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.141

France 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

54.95

65.14

61.82

52.47

60.26

62.05

75.46

109.69

133.48

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

53.97 57.16 .. 58.89 55.33 .. .. 48.51 ..

65.23 64.81 .. 65.24 64.95 64.53 .. 66.18 ..

60.65 62.14 .. 67.65 62.68 52.07 .. 53.98 ..

52.15 52.71 .. 57.40 55.18 .. 38.69 38.18 ..

58.95 57.04 .. 62.00 65.17 70.91 .. 39.85 63.66

59.70 59.71 .. 56.25 67.73 .. .. 52.36 ..

68.13 76.85 .. 76.89 86.10 .. .. 33.73 135.05

115.61 117.56 .. .. 107.04 .. .. .. ..

136.73 140.74 .. .. 121.01 .. .. .. ..

43.58 50.42 49.29 45.36 42.59 42.63 64.08 Imports from: Australia 41.19 47.89 50.95 42.65 43.39 43.11 55.37 Canada 50.25 62.44 42.97 .. 50.20 .. .. Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland 48.40 46.61 34.06 41.09 39.36 31.86 76.61 United States 47.80 48.77 50.21 38.10 37.04 34.07 46.61 China 40.46 48.79 36.52 40.62 .. .. .. Colombia 39.19 49.99 46.98 44.99 44.86 45.37 65.24 South Africa .. .. 45.55 40.63 36.09 38.27 55.00 Former USSR(2) 41.72 44.72 47.86 43.46 36.91 41.68 75.88 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

75.23

72.92

79.28 121.47 .. 83.83 75.04 .. 77.69 70.02 71.20

80.63 57.30 .. 157.73 80.70 .. 81.95 68.11 68.26

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.142 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Germany* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

600

120

500

100

400

80

300

60

200

40

100

20

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

200

200

150

150

100

100

50

50

700

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 250

1975

1980

Renewables

250

0 1970

1975

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 1200

600

1000

500 800 400 600 300 400

200

200

100 0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.143

Germany 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

TPES (Mtce) 482.69 514.84 508.89 Coal 199.10 201.47 183.61 Oil 231.26 210.10 180.67 Gas 40.96 73.12 78.56 Comb. Renew/Waste 3.57 6.22 6.85 Nuclear 4.51 20.71 56.91 Hydro 1.87 2.34 2.14 Geothermal 0.01 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.02 Net Electricity trade(1) 1.42 0.88 0.11 Heat(2) -0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

490.89 121.19 188.18 102.62 11.23 63.14 2.67 0.18 1.31 0.38 -0.00

497.46 122.61 178.87 112.44 15.36 62.20 2.59 0.21 3.52 -0.32 -0.01

492.49 116.70 176.29 115.48 17.41 60.70 2.41 0.21 3.87 -0.56 -0.01

498.88 116.46 177.32 113.53 24.13 62.29 2.59 0.26 4.40 -2.09 -0.01

0.31 -0.48 -1.44 3.91 3.90 16.09 0.79 -13.78 -

2005

2006e

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1039 1226 1543 1900 1944 1962 0.46 0.42 0.33 0.26 0.26 0.25 Population (millions) 79.0 78.3 79.4 82.2 82.5 82.5 TPES/population(1) 6.11 6.57 6.41 5.97 6.03 5.97 TPES/GDP(2) 179.9 162.6 127.7 100.0 99.1 97.2 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 300.5 257.7 186.6 100.0 98.9 93.3 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 116.8 123.9 114.3 100.0 102.3 102.3 Elec. Generation (TWh) 374 466 548 567 610 613 Industrial Production(2) 69.7 75.2 90.7 100.0 102.6 106.1 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2014 0.25 82.5 6.05 95.9 90.7 .. 626 112.2

1973

1980

-0.22 -2.98 -0.16 2.60 6.41 0.43 0.78 22.60 40.04 1.52

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

2.36 -2.00 0.03 0.28 -2.00 -2.77 -0.13 2.26 1.56

1.61 -1.80 0.26 -0.47 -1.80 -4.52 -0.74 0.76 1.05

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

51.64 34.97 106.08 -

55.43 35.43 113.63 -

44.05 27.23 102.54 0.12

18.67 15.86 52.06 0.04

16.46 10.25 56.58 0.04

15.01 10.75 54.90 0.04

12.98 8.98 54.41 0.03

-1.32 -2.06 -0.28 -

-6.93 -6.01 -4.08 -7.64

Mt: Coking Coal 52.24 56.04 44.58 18.86 16.64 15.17 13.11 Steam Coal 37.95 38.46 31.98 18.51 12.52 12.85 10.65 Brown Coal 377.89 389.73 357.47 167.69 181.93 177.91 176.32 Peat 0.43 0.15 0.13 0.13 0.10 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-1.31 -1.42 -0.46 -

-6.93 -5.90 -4.55 -7.64

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.144 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Germany 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

352.34 75.92 197.46 30.18 2.50 38.44 7.84

362.07 66.96 182.10 51.16 2.72 48.14 10.99

353.25 53.23 168.15 58.62 4.25 0.01 0.02 55.91 13.07

343.90 12.77 175.36 78.74 6.72 0.18 0.16 60.23 9.76

357.99 10.97 166.86 87.16 7.51 0.17 0.30 62.57 22.44

360.80 12.04 165.14 89.21 7.94 0.18 0.32 63.07 22.91

372.87 11.65 159.70 87.55 9.65 0.18 0.36 63.58 40.19

0.02 -2.07 -0.94 3.98 3.17 2.23 3.05

0.36 -9.63 -0.34 2.71 5.63 21.32 23.20 0.86 7.78

126.66 37.81 46.75 17.87 0.04 21.91 2.27

112.85 35.06 25.82 24.59 0.04 24.52 2.82

94.62 28.34 10.20 24.91 1.13 26.60 3.44

75.62 10.54 7.43 27.52 0.65 28.20 1.29

82.03 9.14 5.99 27.40 28.48 11.02

82.70 9.97 5.76 27.12 28.73 11.13

82.70 10.12 5.50 27.48 28.52 11.09

-1.70 -1.68 -8.57 1.97 21.74 1.15 2.47

-0.89 -6.63 -4.04 0.66 0.47 8.11

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

56.71 2.46 53.03 -

68.36 0.36 66.44 0.09

85.77 0.02 84.07 -

96.02 0.01 93.74 -

89.96 86.96 -

92.07 88.68 -

90.49 85.73 -

2.46 -24.22 2.75 -

0.36 0.13 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

1.21 87.64 20.44 48.97 1.59

1.47 79.02 17.27 36.38 1.79

1.68 90.41 13.89 26.29 20.63

0.32 1.95 93.43 1.31 28.33 33.48 e

1.02 1.98 91.56 1.01 e 28.03 38.42 e

1.39 1.99 91.01 0.96 e 25.24 40.54 e

2.77 1.99 91.03 0.67 24.07 41.46

1.94 0.18 -2.25 -3.59 16.26

1.14 0.05 -18.26 -0.58 4.76

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

1.41 9.65 5.57 39.57 9.31 23.38 0.90

1.28 14.13 8.17 41.05 9.73 21.73 1.03

3.11 0.01 0.01 e 16.84 9.63 40.77 8.11 15.30 7.45

5.75 0.18 0.08 15.84 8.47 32.24 0.44 10.20 8.29

6.49 0.17 0.29 17.14 35.44 0.47 e 10.55 10.41 e

6.55 0.18 0.30 17.25 35.20 0.83 e 9.49 10.75 e

6.88 0.18 0.35 17.42 34.69 0.56 9.04 10.44

4.77 3.33 3.27 0.18 -0.81 -2.46 13.21

5.42 21.32 26.41 0.23 -1.07 -16.33 -3.45 2.28

0.02 13.99 e 36.14 0.31 32.75 3.09

0.02 14.12 e 36.66 0.22 33.38 3.07

0.02 14.63 36.21 0.26 32.89 3.07

4.20 1.77 -5.62 2.07 6.32

2.63 0.58 -9.76 0.90 -0.32

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which: Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

Comb. Renew/Waste 1.05 1.41 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 4.92 7.15 9.91 Heat Non-Energy Use 24.64 33.10 33.19 Coal 3.21 2.22 1.20 Oil 20.29 27.06 28.77 Gas 1.14 3.82 3.22 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

13.31 36.34 0.39 32.89 3.07

e e e

e

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.145

Germany 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

202.0 21.8 -26.1 1.5

204.5 20.6 -22.5 -1.1

174.0 16.4 -11.7 4.9

86.6 31.7 -0.8 3.6

83.3 40.4 -0.8 -0.3

80.7 37.6 -0.9 -0.7

76.4 41.3 -1.0 -0.3

-0.9 -1.6 -4.6 x

-5.0 5.7 -15.7 x

Primary Supply

199.1

201.5

183.6

121.2

122.6

116.7

116.5

-0.5

-3.0

Statistical Difference

0.4

0.2

5.2

0.1

1.6

0.2

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-115.6 e

-129.1 e

-131.9 e

-106.3 e

-110.2 e

-103.1 e

..

0.8

-1.6

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-104.1 -99.8 -4.3

-115.8 -94.1 -21.6

-120.0 e -99.9 e -20.0 e

-98.5 e -90.4 e -8.1

-3.5

-2.1

-1.5

-11.2 e 1.2 -10.1 e -2.5 0.2

-10.5 e -1.4 -8.0 e -1.2 0.2

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-8.0 e 1.9 -9.2 e -0.9 0.3

-103.3 -95.1 -8.2

-96.6 -90.6 -6.0

.. .. ..

0.8 0.0 9.5

-1.4 -0.7 -7.7

-

-

-

..

-5.0

-

-7.8 e -0.2 -7.9 e 0.2 0.0

-6.9 e -0.2 -6.7 e -0.0 0.0

-6.4 e -0.1 -6.4 e 0.1 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

1.6 -0.8 1.5 -3.6

-3.2 -15.1 -1.5 -20.5

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-6.6

-4.9

-3.4

-1.7 e

-1.5

-1.5

..

-3.9

-5.3

-1.3

-0.7

-0.3

-0.5 e

-0.4

-0.6

..

x

x

75.9

67.0

53.2

12.8

12.0

11.7

..

-2.1

-9.6

37.8 13.3 e 9.2 1.6 1.2

35.1 10.4 e 8.3 2.9 1.3

28.3 7.8 e 6.3 3.3 1.3

10.5 5.6 e 0.6 2.8 0.5

10.0 5.8 e 0.4 2.2 0.5

10.1 5.8 e 0.6 2.0 0.5

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.7 -3.1 -2.2 4.5 0.3

-6.6 -2.0 -14.8 -3.2 -6.5

2.5

0.4

0.0

0.0

-

-

..

-24.2

-

32.4 9.3 20.4

29.3 9.7 17.3

23.7 8.1 13.9

1.8 0.4 1.3

1.9 0.8 e 1.0 e

1.3 0.6 0.7

.. .. ..

-1.8 -0.8 -2.2

-17.7 -16.3 -18.3

Non-energy Use 3.2 2.2 1.2 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.4

0.2

0.3

..

-5.6

-9.8

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

-

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.146 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Germany 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

45.08 34.59 21.05 13.55 1.46 5.15 0.25 1.88 0.48 0.28 2.26 2.00 -

46.09 34.40 21.47 12.93 1.43 6.56 0.13 2.38 0.95 0.34 2.75 2.15 -

44.75 33.78 26.06 7.73 0.78 1.73 6.53 2.57 1.64 0.56 1.76 0.71 0.01

44.50 38.77 35.67 3.10 0.15 2.53 2.44 0.21 0.27 1.35 0.43 0.19 0.29 -

43.38 37.67 e 34.33 e 3.34 0.11 3.06 2.00 0.20 0.53 0.64 0.42 0.21 0.36 -

44.26 39.06 34.64 4.42 0.10 2.64 2.67 0.97 0.23 0.58 0.38 0.51 0.86 -

41.76 35.38 32.74 2.65 0.09 2.77 3.03 1.18 0.25 0.56 0.39 0.66 0.57 -

-0.06 -0.20 1.79 -4.57 -5.14 2.00 2.66 10.75 5.92 -2.05 -8.24 -

-0.46 0.31 1.53 -6.89 -13.25 3.19 -4.99 -14.47 -6.95 -2.40 -6.32 -1.51 -

41.88 6.58 5.70 0.88 34.30 1.01 -

50.29 10.68 9.49 1.19 38.74 0.87 -

42.22 18.12 14.24 3.88 24.09 -

24.46 13.04 10.17 2.87 11.42 -

23.01 13.48 e 11.69 e 1.80 9.52 -

23.67 13.38 11.37 2.01 10.29 -

22.19 12.02 10.73 1.28 10.18 -

0.07 8.81 7.93 13.17 -2.90 -

-4.20 -2.70 -1.87 -7.10 -5.58 -

383.17 391.75 364.05 224.46 227.69 227.90 210.89 211.91 209.11 13.57 15.78 18.79 130.03 134.86 104.92 0.02 0.17 0.14 20.55 21.77 20.36 0.24 0.36 0.76 10.63 11.28 7.55 0.13 0.15 0.49 0.88 0.88 0.60 8.66 9.10 10.96 2.36 4.25 7.87 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

169.94 157.39 155.39 2.00 11.36 0.45 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.05 0.02

181.95 169.40 167.48 1.92 11.20 0.34 0.16 0.01 0.04 0.14 0.03 0.03

177.89 165.28 163.32 1.95 11.31 0.37 0.18 0.01 0.03 0.15 0.02 0.04

-0.43 0.13 -0.07 2.75 -1.77 18.25 -0.08 10.07 -2.81 11.48 -3.20 1.98 10.58 -

-4.66 -2.12 -1.63 -14.01 -13.80 -23.52 -22.17 -22.36 -18.07 -24.95 -32.03 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

179.76 167.81 165.79 2.02 10.66 0.33 0.15 0.01 0.04 0.14 0.02 0.03

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.147

Germany 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

83.97 74.14 60.70

100.08 141.13 98.58

141.95 104.43 122.96

42.94 119.49 119.34

46.27 112.11 ..

50.64 142.45 ..

70.87 144.45 ..

80.73 205.66 ..

78.92 252.91 ..

98.52 62.91 74.07 .. 83.25

120.31 71.78 133.23 .. 122.13

185.76 63.02 102.27 .. 145.88

.. c .. 123.70 146.16

.. c .. 123.26 ..

.. c .. 150.33 ..

.. c .. 155.10 ..

.. c .. 216.35 ..

.. c .. 265.21 ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Euro / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

85.18 106.60 80.15

91.83 183.55 117.75

115.81 120.76 130.58

46.02 181.50 166.48

48.49 166.53 ..

44.27 176.49 ..

56.35 162.80 ..

64.19 231.78 ..

62.13 282.20 ..

Steam Coal 101.18 111.77 Coking Coal 64.15 66.21 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 106.50 173.28 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 109.93 145.87 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

153.44 51.68 118.26 .. 154.92

.. c .. 187.90 203.90

.. c .. 183.09 ..

.. c .. 186.26 ..

.. c .. 174.80 ..

.. c .. 243.83 ..

.. c .. 295.93 ..

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

21.76 14.76 .. .. 1.74 5.27

20.63 15.09 2.99 12.10 0.62 4.92

16.43 12.43 1.69 10.74 1.06 2.94

31.74 24.84 4.56 20.28 0.91 5.99

35.87 29.42 5.12 24.30 0.40 6.05

36.71 31.50 5.45 26.05 0.01 5.20

40.39 36.00 7.09 28.91 0.00 4.39

37.64 33.86 7.36 26.50 0.00 3.78

41.31 37.71 8.86 28.85 0.00 3.60

Total Exports 26.14 22.53 11.65 0.80 0.93 0.80 0.82 Hard Coal 13.58 12.25 5.59 0.29 0.23 0.20 0.19 Coking Coal .. 8.52 3.96 0.00 Steam Coal .. 3.73 1.63 0.28 0.23 0.20 0.19 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Peat 0.12 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 Coal Products(1) 12.56 10.28 5.89 0.47 0.66 0.56 0.59 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.91 0.26 0.26 0.00 0.03 0.61

0.99 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.03 0.76

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.148 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Germany 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

12865

16155

13580

27948

32607

34917

39536

37105

41261

2435 48 553 89

3019 48 1050 158

1706 58 25 28 116 48 2

4608 3414 865 50 257 19

5174 3705 1123 169 11 60

5504 3072 1496 59 370 -

6875 3232 611 25 534 -

7152 3403 1485 832 1135 -

8604 4046 1666 2 928 1590 7

20 1725

56 1707

177 1252

2 1 -

73 27 6 -

275 102 130 -

1881 184 147 87 174

132 90 49 26

176 54 54 81

10430 763 428 152 2041 554 399 637

13136 578 449 146 1918 1354 1218 822

11874 1094 45 248 2583 284 689 637

23340 301 1061 6744 37 432 1236

27433 805 905 6727 35 321 302

29413 1934 865 6780 381 644

32661 764 305 7482 4 432 139

29953 768 172 12 7924 132 64

32657 702 16 7873 469 56

21 1108 96 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 4231 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

209 1492 143 4807

8 128 38 4512 157 1451

67 2719 149 4577 937 341 114 4625

251 5823 381 9871 1905 35 62 10

178 5900 405 8950 2526 131 719

3534 9157 5744 5100

2937 8215 7497 2232

3998 8516 8205 2822

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.149

Germany 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

13354

8617

4002

3

-

-

-

-

-

12335 213 1897 5020 2480 375 286 975 447 234 18 89 198 103

8287 73 786 4198 2527 1 682 20 -

3902 717 1443 859 465 415 3 -

3 1 1 1 -

-

-

-

-

-

1219 15 520 5 479

330 115 166 49

100 100 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.150 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Germany 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

5737

4049

1510

276

227

195

184

255

199

5381 15 2123 944 1574 7 32 14 467 18 6 38 60 32 51 -

3662 17 1380 257 1056 17 74 638 30 1 118 74 -

1186 6 678 3 81 5 28 1 48 45 1 42 5 38 205 -

275 98 82 75 1 6 3 3 1 5 1 -

228 9 75 94 1 3 5 2 12 1 3 22 -

193 24 67 72 2 5 3 8 8 4 -

170 32 62 2 66 1 4 3 -

248 9 78 2 1 74 3 75 2 1 1 -

193 22 72 3 87 1 1 1 6 -

53 53

90 12 4 1 73

324 5 3 316

-

-

2 1

19 1 9

8 5 1 1

3 1 1

Non-Specified/Other 303 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

297

-

1

-

1

4

2

4

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.151

Germany 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

53.79

63.76

67.24

51.30

59.53

64.00

74.74

113.48

135.72

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

54.60 49.91 .. 52.76 61.21 .. .. .. 51.84

55.97 60.33 66.67 66.68 60.93 .. 96.62 .. 65.10

67.69 62.38 78.37 57.59 73.55 .. .. .. ..

51.44 46.20 .. 49.87 .. .. .. .. ..

64.44 65.05 .. 50.22 .. .. .. .. 53.36

61.65 59.49 .. 51.57 51.76 .. .. .. 40.01

69.21 72.40 .. 131.53 80.27 .. .. .. 76.11

104.77 110.62 .. 157.75 120.72 538.07 .. .. 89.56

140.44 153.08 .. 117.59 126.39 .. .. .. 85.79

48.43 57.87 53.53 41.46 36.80 39.00 61.22 Imports from: Australia 44.72 62.06 51.00 39.75 37.34 37.33 62.45 Canada 59.78 66.66 88.38 .. 1819.08 .. .. Czech Republic 53.15 63.93 64.04 49.88 48.71 47.93 67.98 Poland 47.32 62.25 46.86 42.04 38.29 39.00 67.44 United States 59.63 55.69 50.00 43.84 36.66 39.71 41.45 China 43.60 73.16 33.06 .. 39.46 44.76 48.23 Colombia 34.92 61.65 45.24 41.58 38.39 38.18 64.48 South Africa 36.94 47.20 46.38 40.28 33.87 38.45 51.47 Former USSR(2) 34.09 47.72 41.35 40.91 34.20 38.34 63.89 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

72.48

70.12

.. .. 85.54 73.74 73.70 85.99 69.49 67.69 68.13

105.93 .. 89.31 73.56 69.53 .. 68.68 67.61 65.11

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.152 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Greece* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

50

700

45

600

40 35

500

30

400

25 300

20

200

15 10

100

5 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

1975

1980

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

14

16

12

14 12

10

10 8 8 6 6 4

4

2

2

0 1970

1975

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

70

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 120

60

100

50 80 40 60 30 40

20

20

10 0 1970 Coal

1975

1980

1985

Oil

Gas

Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.153

Greece 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 17.65 22.42 31.69 Coal 3.01 4.66 11.53 Oil 13.72 16.62 18.30 Gas 0.20 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.64 0.64 1.28 Nuclear Hydro 0.27 0.42 0.22 Geothermal 0.00 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.08 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.01 0.08 0.09 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

39.74 12.91 22.31 2.43 1.44 0.45 0.00 0.20 -0.00 -

43.53 13.01 24.72 3.18 1.41 0.57 0.00 0.29 0.35 -

44.25 12.79 25.27 3.36 1.45 0.62 0.00 0.30 0.46 -

43.66 12.06 24.67 3.92 1.46 0.72 0.00 0.34 0.49 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 3.50 8.23 1.71 4.12 -1.33 17.63 -

2.25 0.69 2.18 20.81 0.85 7.20 -5.40 9.13 11.78 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

89 108 116 146 174 0.20 0.21 0.27 0.27 0.25 Population (millions) 9.1 9.8 10.3 10.9 11.1 TPES/population(1) 1.94 2.29 3.07 3.64 3.94 TPES/GDP(2) 73.2 76.1 100.5 100.0 91.9 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 38.4 48.7 112.5 100.0 84.5 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 48.5 62.3 83.2 100.0 96.7 Elec. Generation (TWh) 15 23 35 53 59 Industrial Production(2) 56.6 75.6 83.2 100.0 100.2 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2005

2006e

180 0.25 11.1 3.99 90.1 80.1 95.4 59 99.5

188 0.23 11.1 3.92 85.1 72.4 .. 59 100.1

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.59 1.88 0.76 2.72 1.88 6.54 3.22 5.15 2.29

3.00 -0.73 0.48 1.76 -0.73 -2.24 0.92 3.64 1.20

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

3.97 -

4.22 -

10.17 -

11.75 -

12.21 -

12.19 -

11.54 -

8.16 -

1.22 -

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal 21.82 23.20 51.90 63.89 70.04 69.40 65.65 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

7.49 -

1.96 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.154 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Greece 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

13.16 0.74 10.21 0.00 0.64 1.56 -

16.56 0.67 12.81 0.00 0.64 2.45 -

22.09 1.72 15.36 0.16 1.28 0.00 0.08 3.50 -

27.86 1.25 19.23 0.54 1.35 0.00 0.14 5.30 0.04

30.87 0.86 21.79 0.73 1.30 0.00 0.14 5.97 0.07

30.62 0.80 21.33 0.85 1.32 0.00 0.15 6.11 0.06

31.15 0.63 21.66 1.02 1.37 0.00 0.14 6.25 0.07

3.09 5.08 2.43 24.99 4.12 4.86 -

2.32 -6.45 2.32 13.18 0.50 -5.40 3.95 3.95 -

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

4.21 0.53 2.77 0.00 0.91 -

5.55 0.45 3.80 0.00 1.29 -

5.71 1.51 2.42 0.01 0.27 1.49 -

6.36 1.22 2.80 0.35 0.33 1.66 -

6.18 0.85 2.83 0.47 0.29 0.00 1.74 -

5.80 0.79 2.46 0.53 0.30 0.00 1.72 -

5.93 0.62 2.58 0.61 0.35 0.00 1.77 -

1.80 6.35 -0.80 21.42 2.97 -

0.25 -5.76 0.42 30.82 1.62 1.17 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

3.86 0.02 3.83 -

5.76 0.00 5.74 -

8.51 0.00 8.49 -

10.52 10.49 -

11.39 11.35 0.02

11.63 11.58 0.02

11.78 11.74 0.02

4.76 -17.43 4.80 -

2.20 2.18 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.01 2.83 0.06 1.74 0.00

0.01 2.87 0.06 1.47 0.00

0.02 4.39 0.03 2.16 0.00

0.03 6.46 0.03 3.50 0.01

0.03 7.92 0.01 4.66 0.03

0.03 7.77 0.00 4.43 0.05

0.02 7.91 0.00 4.52 0.10

5.92 2.62 -4.19 1.26 4.03

3.15 4.01 -12.23 5.05 26.69

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

0.64 0.38 0.25 0.00

0.64 0.69 0.40 0.00

1.00 0.08 1.11 0.93 0.00 0.23 0.01

1.00 0.14 1.75 0.04 1.88 0.36 0.01

1.00 0.14 2.02 0.07 2.39 0.50 0.04

1.00 0.15 2.07 0.06 2.55 0.53 0.06

1.00 0.14 2.07 0.07 2.78 0.64 0.11

2.65 6.58 7.99 9.17

3.88 4.22 7.56 7.01 19.41

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.00 Electricity 0.25 0.40 0.69 Heat Non-Energy Use 0.77 0.71 1.00 Coal 0.12 0.15 0.17 Oil 0.65 0.56 0.70 Gas 0.14 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.00 0.00 1.51 1.04 0.87 0.17

0.00 0.00 1.84 1.18 1.01 0.18

0.01 0.00 1.95 1.27 1.08 0.19

0.01 0.00 2.02 1.09 0.91 0.18

6.12 1.56 1.77 0.45 -

8.21 7.45 0.60 1.81 1.90

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.155

Greece 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

2.4 0.7 -0.0 -0.1

4.2 0.5 -0.1

10.2 1.3 0.0

11.7 1.2 -0.1 0.1

12.2 0.7 -0.1 0.1

12.2 0.6 -0.0 0.1

11.5 0.4 -0.0 0.1

8.8 4.0 x

1.2 -5.4 x

Primary Supply

3.0

4.7

11.5

12.9

13.0

12.8

12.1

8.2

0.7

Statistical Difference

-0.0

-0.0

0.1

0.0

0.3

0.3

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-2.1 e

-3.9 e

-9.9

-11.7

-12.5

-12.5

..

9.5

1.6

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-2.0 -2.0 -

-3.8 -3.8 -

-9.8 -9.8 -

-11.7 -11.7 -

-12.4 -12.4 -

-12.4 -12.4 -

.. .. ..

9.8 9.8 -

1.6 1.6 -

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.1 e 0.0 -0.1 e 0.0 -

-0.1 e 0.0 -0.1 e -0.1 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.1 -0.1 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-6.3 -

1.3 1.3 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.1

-0.1

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

0.7

0.7

1.7

1.3

0.8

0.6

..

5.1

-6.4

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

0.5 0.2 e 0.0 0.0 -

0.5 0.2 e 0.0 0.0 -

1.5 0.1 1.2 -

1.2 1.0 -

0.8 0.5 -

0.6 0.4 -

.. .. .. .. ..

6.3 5.6 36.6 -

-5.8 -7.5 -

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

..

-17.4

-

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

.. .. ..

-2.9 -4.2

-8.1 -12.2

Non-energy Use 0.1 0.1 0.2 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

-

-

-

..

1.8

-

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.156 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Greece 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

0.15 0.02 0.13 0.13 0.00 -

0.16 0.02 0.14 0.14 0.00 -

1.38 1.38 1.29 0.09 0.00 -

1.12 0.01 0.01 1.12 1.05 0.07 -

0.83 0.04 0.04 0.79 0.63 0.16 -

0.78 0.77 0.63 0.15 -

0.56 0.56 0.43 0.13 -

20.18 21.66 -3.54 -8.75 -

-5.80 -5.83 -7.09 2.93 -

0.21 0.21 -

0.38 0.38 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

21.74 22.69 52.05 19.83 20.63 50.53 19.83 20.63 50.53 0.66 0.65 0.35 0.36 0.47 0.52 0.21 0.23 0.20 0.02 0.16 0.25 0.30 0.06 Non-energy use 0.83 0.82 0.58 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

64.56 63.86 63.86 0.24 0.38 0.00 0.38 0.03 -

70.07 69.46 69.46 0.42 0.20 0.20 -

70.86 70.23 70.23 0.42 0.20 0.20 0.00 -

70.10 69.43 69.43 0.41 0.22 0.22 0.01 -

7.55 8.11 8.11 -5.14 2.96 -0.25 5.46 -2.96

2.00 2.14 2.14 1.08 -5.40 -1.91 -10.07 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.157

Greece 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. 49.62 ..

.. 99.40 ..

.. 116.53 ..

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

93.42 .. 58.87 .. x

119.98 .. 118.71 .. x

.. .. 116.53 .. x

.. .. .. 170.14 153.52

.. .. .. 152.58 140.75

.. .. 176.61 194.40 172.25

.. .. 183.42 202.66 180.68

.. .. 240.10 261.75 243.00

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Euro / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. 7.35 ..

.. 17.04 ..

.. 74.15 ..

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

Steam Coal 8.82 13.11 Coking Coal .. .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil 8.72 20.35 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas x x Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. .. 74.15 .. x

.. .. .. 249.44 211.00

.. .. .. 222.02 192.00

.. .. 214.36 235.94 196.00

.. .. 202.50 223.73 187.00

.. .. 265.07 288.97 251.50

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

0.67 0.63 .. .. 0.05

0.55 0.51 0.38 0.13 0.04

1.31 1.28 1.28 0.03

1.16 1.16 1.16 0.00

0.92 0.92 0.92 0.00

0.70 0.69 0.69 0.00

0.72 0.71 0.71 0.00

0.57 0.56 0.56 0.00

0.44 0.44 0.44 0.00

Total Exports 0.03 0.06 0.03 0.10 0.05 Hard Coal 0.05 0.01 0.06 0.02 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.05 0.01 0.06 0.02 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.03 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.04 0.01 0.01 0.03

0.04 0.01 0.01 0.02

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.158 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Greece 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

349

533

1380

1245

991

747

814

646

498

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

213 159 54 -

384 285 99 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

136 48 1 75 -

149 123 1 -

1380 35 4

1245 110 -

991 72

747 503

814 69

646 71

498 124

12 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

25 -

1017 324 -

119 205 447 321 43 -

214 305 400 -

244 -

136 63 546 -

63 132 380 -

71 22 243 37 1

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.159

Greece 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

34.49

40.74

288.28

490.04

..

..

306.61

304.84

306.70

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

.. .. 182.83 .. .. .. .. 34.44 ..

40.88 .. 201.72 .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. 288.28 .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

36.23 43.47 42.95 41.13 36.81 37.53 58.84 Imports from: Australia 34.95 .. .. 41.27 .. .. .. Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Czech Republic 104.47 131.94 179.85 120.76 118.52 143.55 178.07 Poland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. United States .. 52.03 .. 35.89 .. .. 76.30 China .. .. .. 40.52 .. .. 41.49 Colombia 32.86 29.06 45.00 47.20 .. .. .. South Africa 37.11 .. 40.52 41.17 36.47 .. .. Former USSR(2) 36.12 42.36 54.16 40.92 .. 39.33 64.21 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

54.72

70.79

.. .. 198.06 .. .. .. .. 69.89 46.37

.. .. 198.12 .. .. .. 77.16 69.59 69.71

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.160 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Hungary* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

45

120

40 100 35 80

30 25

60

20 40

15 10

20

5 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

12

12

10

10

8

8

6

6

4

4

2

2

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

40

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 14

1975

1980

Renewables

14

0 1970

1975

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 100 90

35

80

30

70 25

60

20

50

15

40 30

10

20 5

10

0 1970 Coal

1975

1980

1985

Oil

Gas

Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.161

Hungary 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 30.47 40.71 40.80 Coal 11.29 12.04 8.74 Oil 11.72 15.62 12.16 Gas 5.96 11.39 12.73 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.91 0.74 0.54 Nuclear 5.11 Hydro 0.01 0.01 0.02 Geothermal 0.12 Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) 0.57 0.91 1.37 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

35.73 5.68 9.81 13.79 0.59 5.30 0.02 0.12 0.42 -

37.65 4.95 9.20 16.73 1.24 4.46 0.03 0.12 0.00 0.92 -

39.66 4.39 10.32 17.27 1.59 5.17 0.02 0.12 0.00 0.77 -

39.45 4.47 10.99 16.36 1.54 5.03 0.02 0.13 0.01 0.89 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.73 -1.50 0.22 4.57 -3.05 3.39 5.26 -

-0.19 -4.49 -1.08 2.06 7.45 0.08 0.85 0.05 -3.81 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

31 e 40 e 44 e 48 57 59 0.98 e 1.03 e 0.92 e 0.75 0.66 0.67 Population (millions) 10.4 10.7 10.4 10.2 10.1 10.1 TPES/population(1) 2.92 3.80 3.94 3.50 3.73 3.93 TPES/GDP(2) 132.1 e 137.8 e 123.3 e 100.0 88.9 89.8 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 308.3 e 256.7 e 166.4 e 100.0 73.6 62.5 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 92.4 e 105.1 e 115.9 e 100.0 91.1 88.8 Elec. Generation (TWh) 18 24 28 35 34 36 Industrial Production(2) .. 69.3 67.6 100.0 121.5 129.9 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

62 0.64 10.1 3.92 85.9 61.4 .. 36 143.1

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.14 -0.41 -0.03 1.77 -0.41 -3.56 1.34 2.85 -

1.95 -2.09 -0.18 -0.01 -2.09 -6.32 -1.76 1.54 4.45

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

0.87 8.20 -

0.89 8.17 -

0.17 5.74 -

4.13 -

3.12 -

2.50 -

2.60 -

-12.69 -2.92 -

-5.40 -

Mt: Coking Coal 0.86 0.88 0.17 Steam Coal Brown Coal 25.24 25.14 17.66 14.03 11.24 9.57 9.95 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-12.69 -2.93 -

-4.00 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.162 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Hungary 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

24.48 5.96 9.58 4.39 0.88 2.16 1.51

31.88 5.33 13.39 6.86 0.71 3.14 2.46

30.02 3.83 10.58 8.85 0.48 0.12 3.88 2.27

24.75 1.01 7.89 9.56 0.50 0.11 3.62 2.07

27.14 0.94 8.17 11.04 1.06 0.11 0.00 3.86 1.95

27.44 1.00 8.70 11.07 0.90 0.11 0.00 3.91 1.75

29.09 1.03 9.80 11.49 0.81 0.11 0.00 3.97 1.87

1.21 -2.57 0.58 4.21 -3.46 3.52 2.43

-0.21 -8.36 -0.51 1.75 3.48 -0.45 0.16 -1.30

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

9.29 2.66 2.20 2.42 0.03 1.32 0.66

11.14 2.31 2.44 3.76 0.02 1.70 0.91

9.03 1.14 1.29 4.58 0.00 1.69 0.33

4.90 0.66 0.38 1.96 0.09 1.08 0.74

4.99 0.55 0.37 2.10 0.11 0.00 1.18 0.68

4.61 0.64 0.41 1.77 0.11 0.00 1.17 0.50

4.63 0.67 0.34 1.79 0.15 0.00 1.14 0.54

-0.17 -4.88 -3.08 3.83 -10.48 1.46 -4.03

-4.35 -3.45 -8.51 -6.05 26.90 -2.59 3.35

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

3.38 0.54 2.74 -

4.36 0.18 4.04 -

4.50 0.00 4.36 0.00

4.76 0.00 4.63 0.00

5.45 0.01 5.32 0.00

5.70 0.01 5.56 0.00

6.11 0.01 5.95 0.00

1.71 -30.33 2.76 -

2.05 12.81 2.10 22.37

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.10 5.44 1.99 1.44 0.49

0.13 7.39 2.48 1.79 0.88

0.15 9.30 2.49 1.70 2.35

0.12 7.50 0.27 0.45 4.32

0.13 9.43 0.35 0.34 5.64

0.00 0.13 8.78 0.33 0.34 5.10

0.01 0.13 9.15 0.34 0.25 5.61

2.40 3.20 1.32 0.99 9.71

-0.52 -0.11 -12.34 -11.97 5.98

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

0.80 0.31 0.41 1.61 0.61 0.24 0.19

0.65 0.62 0.98 2.01 0.30 0.65 0.30

0.45 1.13 1.19 2.77 0.13 0.41 0.88

0.30 1.20 0.95 4.21 0.03 0.10 2.53

0.83 0.00 1.36 0.91 4.30 0.01 0.08 2.70

0.69 0.00 1.36 0.96 4.98 0.01 0.06 3.43

0.57 0.00 1.37 1.00 4.94 0.00 0.06 3.26

-3.36 7.83 6.43 3.25 -8.68 3.15 9.41

1.63 1.28 -1.10 3.93 -21.54 -11.89 9.14

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.00 0.01 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.28 0.33 0.68 Heat 0.28 0.43 0.65 Non-Energy Use 1.99 3.69 2.51 Coal Oil 1.14 2.39 1.72 Gas 0.86 1.30 0.79 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.08 1.09 0.37 2.28 1.81 0.47

0.09 0.00 1.06 0.36 1.97 1.66 0.31

0.08 0.00 1.12 0.28 2.39 1.93 0.46

0.06 0.01 0.00 1.22 0.33 3.36 2.85 0.51

5.28 5.08 1.36 2.47 -0.48

10.28 3.97 -4.51 1.98 3.43 -2.82

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.163

Hungary 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

8.6 2.5 -0.2 0.3

9.1 3.2 -0.0 -0.2

5.9 2.3 -0.0 0.5

4.1 1.7 -0.2 -0.0

3.1 1.7 -0.2 0.3

2.5 2.1 -0.2 0.0

2.6 2.2 -0.4 0.1

-2.2 -0.4 -28.6 x

-5.6 -0.7 49.7 x

Primary Supply

11.3

12.0

8.7

5.7

5.0

4.4

4.5

-1.5

-4.5

1.2

0.6

0.3

0.0

-0.0

-0.0

..

x

x

Statistical Difference Total Transformation

-6.5 e

-7.3 e

-5.2 e

-4.7 e

-3.9 e

-3.3 e

..

-1.3

-3.0

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-5.8 -5.4 -0.4

-6.9 -6.5 -0.4

-5.3 -5.1 -0.2

-4.3 -4.3 -0.0

-3.7 -3.7 -

-3.1 -3.1 -

.. .. ..

-0.5 -0.2 -4.5

-3.6 -3.4 -

-0.1

-0.1

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.6 e 0.4 -0.4 e -0.4 -0.1

-0.4 e 0.4 -0.4 e -0.4 0.0

0.1 e 0.5 -0.2 e -0.2 0.0

-0.4 e 0.0 -0.2 e -0.3 -

-0.2 e 0.0 -0.1 e -0.1 -

-0.2 e -0.0 -0.1 e -0.1 -

.. .. .. .. ..

1.9 -4.2 -3.5 -

-3.0 -4.2 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-0.0

-0.0

..

-6.5

-12.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-0.0

..

x

x

6.0

5.3

3.8

1.0

1.0

1.0

..

-2.6

-8.4

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

2.7 1.4 e 0.1 0.5 0.0

2.3 1.5 e 0.1 0.3 0.0

1.1 0.9 e 0.0 0.1 0.0

0.7 0.5 e 0.1 0.0

0.6 0.5 e 0.1 -

0.7 0.5 e 0.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-4.9 -2.8 -7.9 -9.7 -14.1

-3.5 -3.9 5.1 -

Transport sector(6)

0.5

0.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

-30.3

12.8

2.8 0.6 2.0

2.8 0.3 2.5

2.7 0.1 2.5

0.3 0.0 0.3

0.3 0.0 0.3

0.4 0.0 0.3

.. .. ..

-0.1 -8.7 1.3

-12.6 -21.5 -12.3

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.164 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Hungary 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

-

-

-

-

0.36 0.16 0.16 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.14 -

0.44 0.17 0.17 0.01 0.12 0.12 0.13 -

0.53 0.21 0.21 0.01 0.19 0.19 0.00 0.11 -

-

-

1.74 1.38 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.16 -

1.70 1.41 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.18 -

0.97 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.01 -

1.28 1.28 -

0.78 0.01 0.01 0.77 -

0.86 0.03 0.03 0.83 -

0.81 0.81 -

-4.74 -3.04 -10.91 -9.91 -20.46 -

-1.22 -1.11 -

26.22 25.85 19.33 18.29 18.56 14.53 17.61 17.91 14.34 0.68 0.65 0.20 1.42 1.47 1.83 2.67 2.26 0.65 0.27 0.26 0.08 0.27 0.29 0.09 1.06 0.75 0.20 0.06 0.05 0.01 1.00 0.92 0.27 3.18 3.21 2.18 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

14.48 13.60 13.60 0.00 0.10 0.14 0.14 0.00 0.01 0.55 -

13.55 13.02 13.02 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.39 -

12.17 11.79 11.79 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.33 -

10.25 9.81 9.81 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.36 -

-2.51 -1.90 -1.70 -9.79 2.14 -11.15 -9.63 -8.72 -13.03 -17.57 -10.39 -3.11 -

-4.14 -2.58 -2.50 -26.78 -30.10 -25.90 -11.32 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.165

Hungary 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

13.26 60.78 51.33

31.18 64.33 76.50

c 105.44 77.67

c 115.48 147.17

c .. 168.63

c .. 195.50

c .. 222.37

c .. 304.81

.. c .. .. ..

40.17 c 77.69 .. 66.66

83.42 c 70.64 .. 102.01

.. c 95.90 99.69 85.27

.. c 120.47 134.07 112.00

.. c .. 162.01 183.31

.. c .. .. 223.78

.. c .. 243.42 268.86

.. c .. 283.95 350.89

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Hungarian Forints / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

372 2740 2147

1700 5635 6217

c 41246 28191

c 41190 48706

c .. 48631

c .. 50925

c .. 57038

c .. 82454

Steam Coal .. 917 Coking Coal c c High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. 3430 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. 2788 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

3700 c 6060 .. 8290

.. c 36743 38194 30950

.. c 42082 46835 37066

.. c .. 49317 52865

.. c .. .. 58292

.. c .. 65906 68963

.. c .. 81081 94922

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

2.49 0.66 .. .. 0.40 1.43

3.17 0.85 0.85 0.57 1.74

2.33 0.64 0.64 0.79 0.90

1.73 1.26 1.26 0.46 0.01

1.35 0.82 0.56 0.26 0.15 0.38

1.50 1.07 0.76 0.32 0.20 0.24

1.72 1.29 0.90 0.39 0.23 0.20

2.08 1.43 0.96 0.47 0.43 0.22

2.25 1.77 1.35 0.42 0.42 0.06

Total Exports 0.16 0.03 0.00 0.19 0.06 0.07 0.16 Hard Coal 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.00 0.00 0.00 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.12 0.19 0.06 0.07 0.13 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.22 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.10

0.43 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.28

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.166 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Hungary 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

817

812

610

1234

818

1086

1336

1447

1759

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

817 -

812 -

610 -

1234 800 251 51 -

528 488 11 29 -

724 32 431 109 7 -

872 88 303 83 3 -

898 115 230 217 52 -

1260 31 450 154 105 -

817 e -

812 e -

610 e -

132 -

-

141 4 -

357 38 -

284 -

220 300 -

-

-

-

-

290 40 196 -

362 20 245 -

464 269 -

549 19 263 2

499 66 218 -

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

-

-

34 20 -

96 1 -

195 -

266 -

215 -

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.167

Iceland* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

6

12000

5

10000

4

8000

3

6000

2

4000

1

2000

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990 Nuclear

1995

2000

0 1970

2005

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

0.14

0.14

0.12

0.12

0.10

0.10

0.08

0.08

0.06

0.06

0.04

0.04

0.02

0.02

1990 1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0.00 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

10

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 0.16

1975 1980 1985 Production Exports

1980

Renewables

0.16

0.00 1970

1975

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 2.5

9 8

2.0

7 6

1.5

5 4

1.0

3 2

0.5

1 0 1970 Coal

1975

1980

1985

Oil

Gas

Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0.0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.168 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Iceland 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 1.77 2.19 3.10 Coal 0.00 0.03 0.09 Oil 1.00 0.88 1.01 Gas Comb. Renew/Waste Nuclear Hydro 0.27 0.38 0.52 Geothermal 0.50 0.91 1.48 Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

4.63 0.14 1.20 0.00 0.78 2.51 -

5.00 0.15 1.25 0.00 0.88 2.72 -

5.18 0.14 1.27 0.00 0.86 2.90 -

6.11 0.14 1.23 0.00 0.90 3.84 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 3.35 31.25 0.08 3.86 6.58 -

3.48 2.96 1.55 3.48 4.57 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

4 5 7 9 10 11 0.50 0.43 0.46 0.54 0.51 0.49 Population (millions) 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 TPES/population(1) 8.36 9.62 12.17 16.49 17.05 17.50 TPES/GDP(2) 92.5 79.4 85.7 100.0 94.4 91.0 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 1.6 30.1 84.1 100.0 92.2 82.9 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 72.2 69.2 72.1 100.0 98.4 92.0 Elec. Generation (TWh) 2 3 5 8 9 9 Industrial Production(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

11 0.56 0.3 20.51 104.5 82.3 .. 10 ..

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 3.81 -0.45 1.09 2.23 -0.45 26.43 -0.01 3.99 -

3.06 0.40 1.00 2.45 0.40 -0.09 1.63 4.47 -

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.169

Iceland 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

1.64 0.00 0.94 0.44 0.25 -

1.88 0.03 0.83 0.63 0.35 0.05

2.46 0.09 0.97 0.78 0.48 0.14

3.22 0.14 1.20 0.78 0.85 0.25

3.38 0.13 1.20 0.82 0.93 0.30

3.42 0.15 1.25 0.76 0.96 0.30

3.40 0.14 1.27 0.74 0.96 0.28

2.44 31.25 0.14 3.52 3.81 -

2.16 2.96 1.84 -0.42 4.75 4.83

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

0.39 0.16 0.04 0.18 -

0.50 0.03 0.20 0.04 0.24 -

0.60 0.09 0.13 0.06 0.31 -

1.03 0.14 0.16 0.08 0.64 -

1.11 0.13 0.18 0.08 0.72 -

1.14 0.15 0.19 0.08 0.73 -

1.09 0.14 0.18 0.05 0.72 -

2.61 -1.31 2.53 3.19 -

4.11 2.96 2.23 -1.55 5.71 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

0.35 0.35 -

0.27 0.27 -

0.42 0.42 -

0.51 0.51 -

0.47 0.47 -

0.51 0.51 -

0.53 0.53 -

1.08 1.08 -

1.66 1.60 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.64 0.00 0.25 -

0.76 0.10 -

0.83 0.02 -

0.00 0.86 0.01 -

0.00 0.94 0.01 -

0.00 0.89 0.01 -

0.00 0.88 0.01 -

1.51 -13.33 -

0.40 -5.78 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

0.35 0.04 0.03 -

0.54 0.08 0.04 0.04 -

0.63 0.07 0.11 0.10 -

0.56 0.07 0.21 0.17 -

0.60 0.08 0.26 0.18 -

0.54 0.08 0.26 0.19 -

0.54 0.08 0.24 0.20 -

3.58 2.88 7.17 -

-1.01 1.22 5.72 4.69 -

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal 0.02 0.02 0.03 Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.01 0.02 0.06 Heat 0.00 0.01 Non-Energy Use 0.03 0.02 0.09 Coal Oil 0.03 0.02 0.09 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.06 0.09 0.01 0.18 0.18 -

0.07 0.10 0.02 0.19 0.19 -

0.07 0.11 0.02 0.21 0.21 -

0.07 0.11 0.02 0.22 0.22 -

3.13 9.56 6.45 6.45 -

5.47 4.32 4.36 6.17 6.17 -

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.170 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Iceland 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

0.0 -

0.0 -

0.1 -

0.1 -

0.1 -

0.1 -

0.1 -

31.3 x

3.0 x

Primary Supply

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

31.3

3.0

Statistical Difference

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-

-

-

-

-

-

.. .. ..

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.. .. .. .. ..

-

-

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

..

31.3

3.0

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

-

0.0 0.0 -

0.1 0.1 0.0 -

0.1 0.1 0.0 -

0.1 0.1 0.0 -

0.1 0.1 0.0 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-

3.0 3.3 0.3 -

Transport sector(6)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.0 0.0

-

-

-

-

-

.. .. ..

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.171

Iceland 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

-

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

0.05 0.05 0.05 -

0.09 0.09 0.09 -

0.07 0.07 0.07 -

0.09 0.09 0.09 -

0.10 0.10 0.10 -

-

4.66 4.66 4.66 -

-

-

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

0.02 0.02 0.02 -

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

-

0.50 0.50 0.50 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.172 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Iceland 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Icelandic Krona / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal .. Coking Coal .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. Natural Gas .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

0.00 0.00 .. .. -

0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01

0.09 0.06 0.01 0.05 0.03

0.14 0.10 0.01 0.08 0.04

0.14 0.09 0.01 0.08 0.04

0.13 0.08 0.01 0.07 0.05

0.15 0.10 0.02 0.08 0.05

0.14 0.11 0.01 0.10 0.03

0.14 0.11 0.01 0.10 0.03

Total Exports Hard Coal Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-

-

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.173

Iceland 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

-

12

65

101

98

85

104

117

119

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

-

-

13 13 -

14 7 7

13 13

11 6 5

18 6 12

14 7 7

14 6 8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

12 12 -

52 52 -

87 6 4 48 19

85 8 77

74 2 72

86 9 77

103 39 1 9 54

105 2 103

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

-

10 -

-

-

-

-

-

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.174 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Ireland* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

25

160 140

20 120 100

15

80 10

60 40

5 20 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

0 1970

2005

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

5

5

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

30

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 6

1975

1980

Renewables

6

0 1970

1975

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 50 45

25

40 35

20

30 15

25 20

10

15 10

5

5 0 1970 Coal

1975

1980

1985

Oil

Gas

Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.175

Ireland 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 10.27 12.12 14.81 Coal 2.26 2.73 4.93 Oil 7.92 8.24 6.96 Gas 1.05 2.67 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.15 Nuclear Hydro 0.08 0.10 0.09 Geothermal 0.00 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.00 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.01 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

20.40 3.61 11.50 4.91 0.23 0.10 0.00 0.03 0.01 -

21.64 3.20 12.60 5.21 0.28 0.08 0.00 0.08 0.19 -

21.84 3.84 12.24 4.96 0.34 0.08 0.00 0.14 0.25 -

23.08 3.79 12.64 5.73 0.35 0.10 0.00 0.23 0.23 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.18 4.69 -0.76 0.47 -

2.62 -1.66 3.83 4.20 5.51 -0.66 65.99 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

25 34 48 96 118 124 0.42 0.36 0.31 0.21 0.18 0.18 Population (millions) 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.1 TPES/population(1) 3.34 3.56 4.22 5.37 5.33 5.26 TPES/GDP(2) 197.1 169.0 144.6 100.0 86.9 83.1 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 245.6 214.7 272.3 100.0 72.6 82.6 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 118.7 120.5 116.6 100.0 93.1 93.2 Elec. Generation (TWh) 7 11 14 24 25 26 Industrial Production(2) .. 16.8 30.9 100.0 123.8 127.6 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

132 0.18 4.2 5.56 82.8 76.9 .. 27 134.1

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 4.05 -1.80 0.78 1.39 -1.80 0.61 -0.11 3.96 -

6.49 -3.63 1.13 1.48 -3.63 -7.65 -1.48 4.00 9.92

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

0.02 1.50

0.06 1.49

0.02 2.02

1.38

1.27

1.16

1.08

0.45 2.50

-3.63

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal 0.02 0.06 0.03 Brown Coal Peat 5.24 5.21 6.52 4.81 4.40 3.96 3.69 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

1.46 1.82

-3.27

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.176 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Ireland 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

7.74 1.33 5.51 0.15 0.76 -

9.44 1.82 5.95 0.62 1.06 -

11.42 2.45 5.93 1.43 0.15 0.00 0.00 1.46 -

16.26 1.01 10.29 2.26 0.20 0.00 0.00 2.49 -

16.96 0.94 11.14 1.82 0.22 0.00 0.00 2.83 -

17.32 0.95 11.39 1.89 0.25 0.00 0.00 2.83 -

18.30 1.01 12.09 1.91 0.30 0.00 0.00 2.99 -

2.31 3.68 0.43 14.31 3.94 -

3.19 -5.77 4.86 1.97 4.59 16.16 4.91 -

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

2.45 0.06 2.08 0.04 0.27 -

3.12 0.15 2.06 0.52 0.39 -

2.49 0.37 0.98 0.51 0.09 0.55 -

3.59 0.17 1.65 0.67 0.14 0.95 -

3.37 0.18 1.52 0.62 0.15 0.89 -

3.36 0.21 1.50 0.62 0.18 0.85 -

3.53 0.23 1.51 0.61 0.23 0.94 -

0.12 10.91 -4.34 17.04 4.28 -

2.35 -2.94 2.96 1.20 6.55 3.64 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

2.01 2.01 -

2.54 2.54 -

2.90 2.90 -

5.86 5.85 -

6.47 6.47 -

6.73 6.72 -

7.29 7.28 -

2.19 2.19 -

6.33 6.33 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

2.60 1.26 0.90 0.11

2.61 1.57 0.51 0.10

0.00 3.36 2.06 0.56 0.17

0.00 3.62 0.83 1.32 0.63

0.00 3.96 0.72 1.55 0.77

0.01 4.09 0.70 1.58 0.85

0.00 0.01 4.09 0.73 1.62 0.74

1.53 2.93 -2.82 2.41

9.09 1.32 -6.66 7.41 10.46

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

0.32 0.36 0.19 -

0.44 0.84 0.11 0.51 -

0.06 0.00 0.51 1.41 0.02 0.91 0.13

0.06 0.00 0.78 1.95 0.01 0.84 0.42

0.06 0.00 0.86 2.33 0.04 0.85 0.43

0.06 0.00 0.90 2.29 0.04 0.82 0.43

0.06 0.00 0.92 2.48 0.04 0.84 0.56

2.80 8.41 9.65 -

-0.15 16.16 4.05 3.83 3.41 -0.52 9.95

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal 0.00 Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.17 0.22 0.34 Heat Non-Energy Use 0.30 0.29 0.89 Coal Oil 0.30 0.29 0.28 Gas 0.61 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.00 0.69 0.79 0.25 0.55

0.00 0.00 1.00 0.36 0.36 0.00

0.00 0.00 1.00 0.40 0.40 -

0.00 0.00 1.04 0.45 0.45 -

4.32 6.68 -0.36 -

7.67 -4.53 3.15 -

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.177

Ireland 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

1.5 0.8 -0.1 0.0

1.5 1.2 -0.0 0.0

2.0 2.9 -0.0 0.0

1.4 2.4 -0.0 -0.2

1.3 2.8 -0.0 -0.8

1.2 2.8 -0.0 -0.1

1.1 2.8 -0.0 -0.1

1.7 7.7 -6.4 x

-3.7 -0.2 -1.5 x

Primary Supply

2.3

2.7

4.9

3.6

3.2

3.8

3.8

4.7

-1.7

Statistical Difference

-

-0.0

0.4

0.2

0.3

0.0

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-0.9

-0.9

-2.9

-2.8

-2.5

-2.8

..

6.8

-0.1

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-0.9 -0.9 -

-0.8 -0.8 -0.0

-2.7 -2.7 -0.0

-2.7 -2.7 -0.0

-2.4 -2.4 -0.0

-2.7 -2.7 -0.0

.. .. ..

6.5 6.4 -

0.1 0.2 -0.8

Autoproducers Gas Works

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

(2)

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants

-

0.0 0.0 -

-0.2 -0.2 -

-0.1 -0.1 0.0

-0.1 -0.1 0.0

-0.1 -0.1 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

-

-4.9 -4.1 -

Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.1

-0.0

..

-

4.2

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

1.3

1.8

2.5

1.0

1.0

1.0

..

3.7

-5.8

0.1 0.0 -

0.1 0.0 -

0.4 0.0 0.0 0.2 -

0.2 0.1 -

0.2 0.2 -

0.2 0.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

10.9 8.2 -

-2.9 -0.4 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

1.3 1.3

1.7 0.1 1.6

2.1 0.0 2.1

0.8 0.0 0.8

0.7 0.0 0.7

0.8 0.0 0.7

.. .. ..

3.0 2.9

-6.4 3.4 -6.7

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Coal Transformation

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.178 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Ireland 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

0.54 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.46 -

1.07 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.14 0.14 0.81 -

3.18 1.97 1.96 0.01 0.34 0.00 0.03 0.19 0.12 1.05 -

2.94 2.35 2.34 0.01 0.03 0.18 0.11 0.07 0.36 -

2.73 2.20 2.19 0.01 0.03 0.19 0.14 0.05 0.32 -

2.81 2.24 2.23 0.01 0.04 0.22 0.19 0.03 0.31 -

2.87 2.29 2.28 0.01 0.04 0.25 0.18 0.07 0.31 -

15.88 45.40 45.37 19.66 9.43 7.25 -

-0.69 1.02 1.01 3.46 -2.06 -0.43 -3.63 -7.81 -

-

-

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.04 0.04 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.04 0.04 -

0.05 0.04 -

0.04 0.03 -

0.05 0.05 -

-

2.24 1.85 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.179

Ireland 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

63.11 82.37 90.97

34.26 103.73 77.04

42.37 110.26 117.15

40.16 138.51 130.87

75.99 150.48 c

79.21 210.16 c

69.22 253.40 c

.. x 102.26 .. 189.24

.. x 180.84 .. 507.59

.. x 115.42 .. 257.44

.. x 168.24 .. 88.82

.. x 182.96 .. 142.95

.. x 223.20 .. 180.95

.. x 243.22 .. 226.89

.. x 309.06 .. 290.90

.. x 367.94 .. 362.36

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Euro / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

42.89 85.67 89.83

32.89 152.42 107.47

39.78 158.43 159.81

31.45 166.01 148.91

54.13 164.05 c

56.42 229.12 c

48.82 273.51 c

Steam Coal .. .. Coking Coal x x High Suplhur Fuel Oil 91.68 151.35 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 161.07 403.32 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. x 120.05 .. 254.20

.. x 247.21 .. 123.90

.. x 262.90 .. 195.00

.. x 267.52 .. 205.90

.. x 265.16 .. 234.83

.. x 336.94 .. 301.08

.. x 397.14 .. 371.32

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

0.83 0.81 .. .. 0.01

1.20 1.19 1.19 0.01

2.90 2.85 0.01 2.83 0.03 0.03

2.44 2.42 2.42 0.03 -

2.61 2.57 2.57 0.04 -

2.53 2.49 2.49 0.03 -

2.77 2.74 2.74 0.03 -

2.84 2.80 2.80 0.04 0.00

2.84 2.80 2.80 0.04 0.00

Total Exports 0.10 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 Hard Coal 0.07 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 Peat 0.00 Coal Products(1) 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.03 0.01 0.01 0.02

0.03 0.01 0.01 0.02

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.180 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Ireland 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

565

1188

3081

2747

2871

2616

2886

2947

2946

-

-

14 2 2 2 5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

565 6 331 214 -

1188 2 9 483 276 408 -

3067 21 430 302 1277 115

2747 292 176 123 452 -

2871 513 228 38 334 -

2616 600 256 42 222 37

2886 1224 268 62 38

2947 299 288 19 36

2946 299 118 5 36

11 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 3 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

10 -

7 667 17 71 15 5 140

904 327 418 55

1 873 466 301 4 113

4 454 808 6 187

4 1244 4 3 39

9 1013 602 634 9 38

9 1013 602 634 17 213

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.181

Ireland 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

116.43

107.07

101.41

192.78

123.63

149.97

178.22

412.43

355.05

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. 100.40 .. .. 106.09 .. ..

.. .. .. .. 98.08 .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. 101.04 .. .. .. 95.57

.. .. .. 120.67 112.01 .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. 145.10 110.07 .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. 161.54 .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

71.77 70.76 69.55 45.25 47.88 50.08 80.90 Imports from: Australia 105.83 .. 41.76 40.82 37.23 55.91 71.47 Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Czech Republic 84.39 .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland 87.96 98.25 99.09 90.69 83.12 90.38 97.77 United States 67.13 62.06 57.93 40.49 49.42 40.79 .. China 219.48 82.52 .. .. .. .. .. Colombia 90.69 72.99 36.07 .. .. .. .. South Africa 57.78 85.34 84.69 41.21 33.76 37.23 67.44 Former USSR(2) 48.74 81.51 70.14 .. .. .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

74.91

101.78

84.49 .. .. 114.10 .. .. .. 64.62 713.45

.. .. .. 149.15 .. .. .. 70.73 ..

Coking Coal(1) Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2) Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.182 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Italy* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

300

180 160

250 140 120

200

100 150

80 60

100

40 50 0 1970

20

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

1975

1980

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

30

25

25

20

20 15 15 10 10 5

5 0 1970

350

1975

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 500 450

300

400 250

350 300

200

250 150

200 150

100

100 50 50 0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.183

Italy 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

TPES (Mtce) 184.19 188.79 211.38 Coal 11.56 16.69 20.90 Oil 143.02 127.92 121.04 Gas 20.32 32.46 55.70 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.35 1.31 1.34 Nuclear 1.17 0.82 Hydro 4.61 5.56 3.89 Geothermal 3.05 3.28 4.24 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.01 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.11 0.75 4.26 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

2000

2004

247.32 17.94 126.36 82.75 3.22 5.43 6.08 0.09 e 5.45 -

261.14 23.71 119.67 94.29 5.77 4.87 6.98 0.26 e 5.61 -

2005

2006e

264.55 23.53 116.83 100.90 5.96 4.13 6.84 0.32 6.04 -

262.45 23.80 116.36 98.82 6.01 4.44 7.09 0.43 5.49 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 0.81 3.54 -0.98 6.11 8.27 -1.00 1.97 24.13 -

1.51 0.79 -0.24 4.04 10.44 0.41 3.24 28.38 2.36 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

575 739 937 1097 1133 0.32 0.26 0.23 0.23 0.23 Population (millions) 54.8 56.4 56.7 56.9 58.2 TPES/population(1) 3.36 3.35 3.73 4.34 4.49 TPES/GDP(2) 142.0 113.4 100.1 100.0 102.2 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 122.9 138.1 136.4 100.0 127.9 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 86.0 86.9 92.0 100.0 104.8 Elec. Generation (TWh) 144 183 213 270 293 Industrial Production(2) 61.9 76.6 86.4 100.0 96.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2005

2006e

1133 0.23 58.5 4.52 103.6 127.0 106.8 294 95.5

1157 0.23 58.5 4.48 100.6 125.8 .. 308 98.4

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.91 -2.04 0.21 0.60 -2.04 0.61 0.40 2.34 1.98

1.27 0.23 0.21 1.29 0.23 -0.47 0.99 2.18 0.67

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

0.01 0.43 -

0.46 -

0.05 0.34 -

0.01 -

0.09 -

0.09 -

0.06 -

20.81 -1.89 -

3.45 -

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal 0.01 0.06 0.10 0.10 0.07 Brown Coal 1.20 1.29 0.96 0.01 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

20.81 -1.89 -

3.34 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.184 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Italy 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

141.07 4.66 103.04 18.25 15.12 -

149.39 4.77 95.07 28.86 1.06 19.63 -

168.07 4.83 91.65 43.69 1.23 0.29 0.01 26.37 -

188.35 3.82 93.06 55.12 2.49 0.30 0.02 33.54 -

199.08 3.93 96.98 59.83 2.21 0.31 0.02 35.80 -

209.02 4.40 97.49 61.39 2.64 0.30 0.03 36.31 6.47

211.53 4.18 97.02 63.87 2.58 0.30 0.03 36.97 6.59

1.04 0.21 -0.69 5.27 3.33 -

1.55 -0.96 0.38 2.56 5.05 0.40 10.13 2.28 -

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

56.21 3.78 30.59 12.36 9.48 -

51.46 4.25 22.57 12.93 0.17 11.55 -

49.13 4.69 11.97 18.53 0.31 13.63 -

55.72 3.49 10.65 23.74 0.41 17.43 -

55.79 3.71 9.71 24.23 0.41 17.74 -

56.39 4.19 9.52 24.57 0.40 17.72 -

55.48 3.93 9.32 24.06 0.39 17.79 -

-0.79 1.28 -5.37 2.41 2.16 -

0.81 -1.17 -1.66 1.76 1.50 1.79 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

29.34 0.21 28.50 0.18

37.49 0.00 36.53 0.37

50.40 49.28 0.30

60.57 59.05 0.47

63.03 61.34 0.52

64.25 62.19 0.52

63.80 61.78 0.54

3.23 3.27 3.13

1.58 1.52 4.10

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.46 38.67 0.67 29.06 5.71

0.59 41.74 0.52 23.07 12.61

0.83 37.78 0.14 13.86 16.42

1.05 40.62 0.09 9.73 21.39

1.16 42.87 0.02 8.57 24.67

0.36 1.18 44.35 0.01 8.77 25.68

0.25 1.22 45.60 0.01 8.76 26.83

3.44 -0.14 -8.90 -4.26 6.41

2.62 1.26 -16.05 -3.01 3.33

0.88 0.01 6.48 11.39 0.46 6.01

1.88 0.02 7.51 15.38 0.47 7.96

1.61 e 0.02 7.99 18.50 0.00 1.32 8.90

1.67 0.03 8.18 18.21 0.61 9.01

1.73 0.03 8.23 20.47 0.62 10.77

4.18 10.07 0.18 -

4.66 10.13 1.61 3.99 2.05 3.96

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 1.79 2.52 4.92 Heat Non-Energy Use 11.82 12.40 14.53 Coal Oil 11.82 9.45 12.14 Gas 2.94 2.40 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

6.95 11.10 0.24 9.46 1.40

8.28 13.49 0.19 11.98 1.33

8.59 14.22 0.20 12.60 1.41

9.08 14.40 0.23 12.74 1.42

6.14 1.22 0.15 -

4.17 -0.06 0.33 -3.44

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

3.23 2.23 0.44 -

0.90 e 4.65 3.11 0.59 -

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.185

Italy 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

0.4 11.7 -0.6 0.1

0.5 17.4 -0.7 -0.4

0.4 19.8 -0.2 0.9

0.0 18.9 -0.1 -0.8

0.1 24.2 -0.2 -0.4

0.1 23.6 -0.2 0.0

0.1 24.0 -0.2 -0.0

-0.5 3.2 -6.5 x

-9.6 1.2 0.8 x

Primary Supply

11.6

16.7

20.9

17.9

23.7

23.5

23.8

3.5

0.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

-0.1

-0.0

-

..

x

x

Statistical Difference Total Transformation

-4.9 e

-9.8 e

-14.8 e

-13.7 e

-19.2 e

-19.0 e

..

6.8

1.7

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-1.9 -1.9 -

-6.0 -4.9 -1.1

-11.3 -10.0 -1.3

-10.0 -10.0 ..

-16.7 -16.5 -0.3

-16.4 -16.1 -0.3

.. .. ..

11.0 10.3 -

2.5 3.2 -9.2

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-2.9 e -2.2 e -0.8 0.0

-3.8 e -2.2 e -1.6 0.0

-3.5 e -2.3 e -1.2 -

-3.7 e -2.1 e -1.6 -

-2.5 e -1.8 e -0.6 -

-2.6 e -2.2 e -0.4 -

.. .. .. .. ..

1.1 0.3 2.4 -

-2.0 -0.2 -7.5 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-1.7

-2.0

-1.2

-0.4

-0.1

-0.4

..

-1.8

-7.4

-0.4

-0.2

-0.1

-0.0

-

-

..

x

x

4.7

4.8

4.8

3.8

4.4

4.2

..

0.2

-1.0

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

3.8 2.8 e 0.3 0.2 -

4.2 2.9 e 0.2 0.5 0.0

4.7 2.9 e 0.2 1.3 0.0

3.5 2.7 e 0.0 0.5 0.0

4.2 3.3 e 0.0 0.8 -

3.9 3.1 e 0.0 0.8 -

.. .. .. .. ..

1.3 0.4 -1.0 11.3 -

-1.2 0.3 -20.0 -2.9 -

Transport sector(6)

0.2

0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.7 0.7

0.5 0.5

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

.. .. ..

-8.9 -8.9

-16.1 -16.1

-

0.2

0.2

0.2

..

-

-

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.186 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Italy 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2.51 2.07 2.02 0.05 0.31 0.03 0.01 0.20 0.07 0.07 -

5.79 4.96 4.92 0.04 0.61 0.05 0.01 0.43 0.04 0.07 0.22 -

12.69 10.78 10.77 0.02 0.17 1.68 0.22 0.00 1.40 0.06 0.06 -

11.36 9.53 9.53 0.94 0.88 0.26 0.00 0.54 0.00 0.08 0.00 -

15.97 13.98 13.91 0.07 0.77 1.23 0.45 0.00 0.77 0.00 0.00 -

19.20 16.67 16.53 0.14 0.96 1.56 0.67 0.00 0.88 0.00 0.01 -

18.61 16.00 15.84 0.16 1.15 1.45 0.52 0.00 0.92 0.00 0.01 -

14.46 14.77 14.97 -8.42 15.08 19.30 -9.91 17.56 -1.12 -1.87 -

2.58 2.67 2.61 16.59 13.62 -1.01 6.09 -1.90 -2.79 -20.46 -10.59 -

9.91 9.90 -

11.24 11.22 -

8.63 8.61 -

6.66 6.38 0.23

5.17 4.94 0.18

5.08 4.83 0.19

5.63 5.06 0.22

-1.14 -1.15 -

-2.81 -3.48 -

1.27 1.39 1.09 1.20 1.29 1.06 1.20 1.29 1.06 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.05 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.02 -

0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 -

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

-1.27 -1.07 -1.07 -0.49 -2.55 5.02 1503.17 -

-27.93 -9.01 -0.78 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.187

Italy 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

41.32 62.53 63.55

57.37 132.16 134.63

67.72 98.15 90.90

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

70.05 69.79 63.44 .. 64.94

56.68 69.57 132.49 .. 134.95

58.84 64.88 136.94 .. 122.20

43.46 53.26 161.05 155.19 c

47.01 60.80 160.91 145.51 c

48.09 63.51 .. 192.15 c

72.13 79.55 .. 210.37 c

83.21 108.95 .. 278.73 275.47

78.44 118.09 .. 312.39 ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Euro / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

16.03 37.56 35.79

22.46 80.11 76.51

37.13 83.32 72.34

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

Steam Coal 27.01 22.05 Coking Coal 29.04 29.21 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 38.11 80.31 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 36.57 76.69 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

32.06 38.15 116.25 .. 97.25

41.51 54.90 239.64 230.93 c

43.90 61.28 234.14 211.73 c

37.47 53.40 .. 233.22 c

51.12 60.83 .. 232.25 c

58.96 83.32 .. 307.72 285.11

55.03 89.41 .. 341.46 ..

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

11.67 11.48 .. .. 0.04 0.15

17.39 17.22 12.03 5.20 0.04 0.13

19.83 19.67 9.14 10.53 0.05 0.11

18.90 18.39 7.61 10.78 0.00 0.51

18.86 18.20 5.43 12.77 0.00 0.66

20.92 19.36 4.95 14.40 0.00 1.56

24.21 23.14 5.36 17.77 0.00 1.07

23.62 22.78 6.11 16.66 0.00 0.84

23.96 23.24 6.33 16.91 0.00 0.71

Total Exports 0.63 0.75 0.20 0.12 0.13 0.16 0.24 Hard Coal 0.00 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.00 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.63 0.75 0.20 0.12 0.13 0.16 0.24 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.23 0.23

0.22 0.22

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.188 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Italy 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

12458

17197

20445

19015

19211

20562

24666

24150

24634

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

10007 1347 2537 1525 3027 -

11377 1206 2513 678 5858 -

8648 1045 212 804 158 6236 12

7198 2463 1280 3281 -

5134 1742 599 64 2258 44

4686 1546 641 2390 -

5074 2000 649 2260 -

5784 2109 637 283 2431 -

5989 2216 966 88 2671 -

1036 535

986 136

15 131 35

174 -

295 110 22

109 -

165 -

205 14 105 -

19 29 -

2451 1437 52 -

5820 10 88 1210 1327 -

11797 109 507 4800 148

11817 1141 1 912 4 -

14077 674 126 1 491 676 -

15876 1328 207 1 78 -

19592 1077 261 119 69 -

18366 682 506 1 182 204 1

18645 881 106 198 58

960 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 2 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

53 3132 -

310 290 4884 609 140 -

369 1759 1919 3548 993 56 1115 -

292 1950 3375 3761 1424 29 1278 -

574 5006 4656 1055 32 2939 -

483 2923 5867 5737 1895 367 788 6

2997 6800 4395 1082 1025 445 46

2034 8734 4779 815 705 335 -

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.189

Italy 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

59.39

61.39

57.69

55.48

57.67

60.39

77.24

103.02

112.05

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

54.52 59.50 .. 59.07 57.84 .. .. 38.72 49.77

57.32 57.65 .. 64.68 62.37 .. 68.24 .. 54.53

52.91 57.67 .. 62.38 62.18 .. .. 49.38 45.76

50.52 52.94 .. .. 62.93 .. .. 44.88 ..

54.35 54.46 .. 60.21 64.01 66.67 .. 45.54 ..

56.77 58.98 .. 61.35 66.83 .. .. 50.20 ..

69.84 75.03 .. .. 91.04 .. 85.35 67.82 58.51

111.81 119.76 .. 128.50 113.75 .. 87.23 74.08 77.71

130.25 137.04 .. 114.32 126.23 .. .. 67.51 78.34

47.82 51.84 50.48 44.83 41.25 42.45 63.54 Imports from: Australia 44.68 .. 45.90 .. 43.09 40.22 55.89 Canada 382.11 .. 2798.99 1135.01 462.84 514.74 .. Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland 48.68 58.63 51.68 45.65 41.41 135.86 144.04 United States 55.55 56.62 54.54 50.83 52.24 43.08 72.57 China 38.99 47.34 51.34 41.95 41.65 42.74 68.09 Colombia 40.09 56.10 53.06 45.18 39.58 43.89 66.74 South Africa 35.15 44.39 44.85 42.92 38.27 41.33 68.34 Former USSR(2) 37.66 42.54 45.77 45.62 41.07 45.20 71.19 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

73.20

69.16

.. 1441.74 .. 125.35 81.23 .. 72.04 74.49 74.31

.. 588.70 .. 67.12 873.35 .. 74.47 70.07 74.14

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.190 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Japan* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

800

180

700

160 140

600

120

500

100 400

80

300

60

200

40

100

20

0 1970

1975

1980

Coal

Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) 160

160

140

140

120

120

100

100

80

80

60

60

40

40

20

20

1200

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 180

1975

1980

Renewables

180

0 1970

1975

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 1400 1200

1000

1000

800

800 600 600 400 400 200

200

0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.191

Japan 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 462.31 495.04 634.96 Coal 82.66 85.08 110.27 Oil 360.25 336.69 364.30 Gas 7.25 30.57 63.08 Comb. Renew/Waste 7.11 Nuclear 3.61 30.75 75.30 Hydro 8.20 10.85 10.97 Geothermal 0.33 1.11 2.25 Solar, Wind, Tide 1.67 Net Electricity trade(1) Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

753.66 139.93 375.38 93.79 8.35 119.90 10.72 4.43 1.17 -

760.37 166.40 362.29 100.81 8.71 105.15 11.56 4.46 0.99 -

757.80 160.10 359.56 100.77 8.99 113.46 9.61 4.27 1.04 -

752.95 163.87 339.95 110.62 9.36 113.23 10.78 4.05 1.09 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.88 1.71 0.07 13.57 19.56 1.72 11.95 -

1.19 2.52 -0.09 3.17 1.58 2.77 -0.88 4.36 -3.08 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

2213 2793 4111 4650 4866 0.21 0.18 0.15 0.16 0.16 Population (millions) 108.7 116.8 123.5 126.8 127.8 TPES/population(1) 4.25 4.24 5.14 5.94 5.95 TPES/GDP(2) 128.9 109.3 95.3 100.0 96.4 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 124.1 101.2 89.1 100.0 113.6 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 92.2 90.3 89.8 100.0 97.5 Elec. Generation (TWh) 465 573 837 1051 1071 Industrial Production(2) 56.6 66.8 98.5 100.0 100.5 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2005

2006e

4994 0.15 127.8 5.93 93.6 106.5 96.8 1094 101.7

5088 0.15 127.7 5.90 91.3 107.0 .. 1063 106.3

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 3.71 -1.76 0.75 1.12 -1.76 -1.93 -0.16 3.51 3.31

1.31 -0.12 0.23 0.96 -0.12 1.20 0.51 1.80 0.21

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

8.72 7.23 0.02 -

7.28 8.28 0.02 -

6.45 -

2.22 -

-

-

-

-0.95 -

-

-

-1.85 -

-

Mt: Coking Coal 8.66 6.94 Steam Coal 9.99 11.08 7.98 2.96 Brown Coal 0.04 0.03 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.192 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Japan 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

334.87 28.81 244.98 10.03 51.00 0.04

332.88 30.53 225.26 13.88 63.06 0.15

434.85 45.43 270.87 20.49 3.75 0.11 1.67 92.24 0.29

497.66 33.81 310.19 31.38 3.80 0.32 1.15 116.23 0.77

495.25 35.27 304.50 34.63 3.50 0.33 0.91 115.33 0.78

500.94 36.38 304.19 36.40 3.37 0.32 0.83 118.61 0.85

501.21 37.23 297.66 39.95 3.45 0.31 0.83 120.90 0.89

1.55 2.71 0.59 4.29 3.55 12.32

0.95 -1.32 0.63 4.55 -0.54 6.87 -4.57 1.82 7.88

146.26 26.03 81.49 2.95 35.80 -

128.40 29.75 54.48 3.90 40.27 -

145.06 43.46 52.41 4.00 3.60 41.59 -

139.00 32.35 52.46 5.70 3.74 44.75 -

133.69 33.84 47.38 6.21 3.45 42.80 -

135.40 34.95 47.35 6.75 3.33 43.03 -

136.29 35.75 47.12 7.38 3.42 42.62 -

-0.05 3.06 -2.56 1.81 0.89 -

-0.42 -1.29 -0.71 4.16 -0.35 0.16 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

60.86 0.29 58.95 -

79.26 77.39 -

109.62 107.56 -

135.99 133.71 -

134.51 132.25 -

135.14 132.83 -

132.88 130.53 -

3.52 3.60 -

1.29 1.30 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

1.63 30.05 2.50 12.66 5.16

1.87 36.94 0.79 13.99 7.90

2.07 54.46 0.10 19.44 10.50

2.28 69.70 23.94 12.85

2.26 68.14 21.91 13.11

2.31 69.10 21.78 12.78

2.34 78.20 22.90 13.38

1.42 3.56 -17.35 2.55 4.27

0.84 2.44 1.10 1.62

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

9.73 28.63 23.06 1.83

14.26 29.10 20.40 2.05

0.15 1.61 22.62 0.04 64.97 1.29 32.00 5.56

0.07 1.12 31.68 0.04 87.75 0.89 36.03 12.57

0.05 0.88 32.14 0.05 92.31 0.86 37.69 14.86

0.04 0.80 33.65 0.04 92.76 0.85 35.10 16.37

0.04 0.80 41.04 0.05 87.86 0.92 32.44 18.69

5.09 4.94 1.95 6.76

-8.75 -4.50 4.05 0.21 2.03 -2.24 0.09 8.42

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal 0.06 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.06 Electricity 3.70 6.51 25.76 Heat 0.04 0.15 0.24 Non-Energy Use 54.06 41.51 50.85 Coal 0.58 Oil 54.06 41.51 49.83 Gas 0.43 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.18 0.03 37.32 0.73 57.45 0.57 56.61 0.26

0.19 0.03 37.96 0.74 59.09 0.56 58.08 0.45

0.18 0.02 39.44 0.80 60.92 0.58 59.84 0.50

0.17 0.02 34.78 0.84 58.97 0.56 57.91 0.50

12.09 11.22 -0.36 -0.48 -

6.87 -6.52 2.02 8.70 0.99 -0.23 1.01 0.96

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which: Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.193

Japan 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

25.6 59.0 -0.6 -1.3

15.6 70.0 -2.1 1.6

6.4 105.6 -1.9 0.1

2.2 140.5 -2.7 -0.2

168.5 -2.1 0.0

162.4 -1.7 -0.6

165.3 -2.0 0.6

-7.8 3.5 7.3 x

2.9 -0.8 x

Primary Supply

82.7

85.1

110.3

139.9

166.4

160.1

163.9

1.7

2.5

Statistical Difference

-2.5

-1.9

2.2

-2.6

-9.1

1.2

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-47.6 e

-49.9 e

-63.6 e

-100.3 e

-117.6 e

-120.7 e

..

1.7

4.4

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-17.1 -17.1 -

-15.0 -11.5 -3.6

-36.6 -29.5 -7.1

-69.2 -57.6 -11.6

-85.9 -72.8 -13.1

-90.0 -77.3 -12.7

.. .. ..

4.6 3.3 -

6.2 6.6 4.0

-2.9

-1.8

-0.6

-0.3

-0.1

-0.1

..

-9.0

-14.0

-27.5 e -24.5 e -3.0 -0.0

-33.1 e -20.1 e -13.1 0.1

-26.4 e -23.6 e -2.8 -0.0

-30.8 e -26.0 e -4.8 -

-31.5 e -26.3 e -5.2 -

-30.6 e -26.0 e -4.7 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -16.2

1.0 0.6 3.5 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3) Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-3.8

-2.7

-3.4

-3.2

-3.4

-3.3

..

-0.6

-0.2

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

28.8

30.5

45.4

33.8

36.4

37.2

..

2.7

-1.3

26.0 23.2 e -

29.7 23.0 e 0.4 4.3 0.1

43.5 23.7 e 3.9 8.3 1.6

32.4 14.9 e 3.9 7.1 2.0

34.9 17.0 e 4.1 6.4 2.1

35.8 17.1 e 5.2 5.8 2.2

.. .. .. .. ..

3.1 0.1 -

-1.3 -2.1 1.9 -2.4 1.9

0.3

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

2.5 2.5

0.8 0.8

1.4 1.3 0.1

0.9 0.9 -

0.8 0.8 -

0.9 0.9 -

.. .. ..

-3.4 -17.4

-2.7 -2.2 -

Non-energy Use 0.6 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.6

0.6

0.6

..

-

-0.2

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.194 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Japan 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

11.08 8.57 8.57 0.34 0.08 0.07 2.52 0.23 0.19 0.71 0.05 1.35 0.58 -

17.50 9.60 8.49 1.11 0.43 0.02 0.02 6.54 0.34 0.13 5.38 0.17 0.50 0.50 -

50.03 31.05 26.54 4.52 0.11 5.89 14.81 1.54 2.42 8.10 1.90 0.86 0.67 0.02

96.11 64.88 57.37 7.52 11.46 16.13 2.58 3.57 7.20 2.32 0.46 0.92 -

108.67 79.98 71.49 8.50 12.14 16.32 3.41 3.76 6.44 2.33 0.39 0.89 -

119.97 83.86 75.14 8.72 11.43 16.63 3.50 3.83 6.48 2.42 0.40 0.87 -

118.13 89.13 80.37 8.76 11.65 16.65 3.13 4.97 5.74 2.44 0.38 0.94 -

13.38 11.32 9.87 -9.34 43.53 15.90 17.29 23.68 22.49 36.33 -3.72 1.32 -

5.90 7.28 7.67 4.52 4.66 0.78 4.84 4.91 -2.28 1.70 -5.26 2.26 -

58.72 55.12 4.45 0.12 0.06 0.01 0.04 0.01 -

70.20 65.65 4.30 0.01 0.01 0.01 -

64.93 61.35 3.23 -

57.08 51.06 5.85 -

57.74 52.48 5.94 -

60.84 52.51 5.55 -

56.58 52.62 5.62 -

0.84 0.90 -

-0.91 -1.02 3.75 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

-

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.195

Japan 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

90.60 79.85 73.12

90.23 182.50 152.09

101.84 151.02 129.99

51.44 .. ..

49.75 .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

71.25 72.48 82.52 .. 302.53

74.99 73.35 195.69 .. 349.02

70.53 68.03 136.92 .. 320.89

45.69 45.30 163.53 220.02 352.09

48.27 48.86 146.92 189.69 277.70

45.31 48.83 173.48 226.39 299.38

67.20 69.37 195.29 263.55 305.30

81.25 104.02 255.46 342.15 312.30

81.86 107.46 325.41 407.82 ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Yen / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

15170 23040 19780

16280 56740 44330

11736 29990 24200

4413 .. ..

4961 .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

Steam Coal 11930 13530 Coking Coal 14290 15580 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 23810 60840 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 81840 101730 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

8128 9230 27190 .. 59740

3920 4576 24177 32528 48800

4814 5736 25247 32596 44737

4179 5303 27574 35984 44612

5781 7026 28952 39072 42432

7120 10731 38573 51662 44208

7583 11720 51947 65102 ..

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

58.99 58.99 .. .. -

69.99 69.99 65.25 4.74 -

105.64 105.12 68.73 36.39 0.52

140.54 137.95 55.26 82.68 2.60

150.22 147.82 56.57 91.25 2.39

154.79 152.29 55.90 96.39 2.50

168.49 165.31 58.90 106.41 3.18

162.39 159.57 54.77 104.79 2.83

165.33 163.70 70.61 93.09 1.63

Total Exports 0.58 2.06 1.93 2.67 3.32 2.67 2.09 Hard Coal 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coking Coal .. 0.03 Steam Coal .. 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.58 2.01 1.93 2.66 3.32 2.67 2.09 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

1.72 0.00 0.00 1.72

2.02 2.02

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.196 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Japan 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

52858

68570

106918

150340

161306

166418

180808

174713

177920

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

50876 24149 10895 398 429 9956 11

62227 25917 10759 387 19414 70

64935 34505 11290 7367 225

57081 34757 5292 1422 367

58435 33931 3523 142 355

57744 33907 3167 21 364

60837 35416 2040 5 1645 286

56577 33692 2506 447 279

72933 45338 7063 240 990

420 2360 2244 14

979 2803 1898 -

2802 153 668 2955 4950 20

6774 5677 603 2104 27 58

10482 10 7266 161 2565 -

9834 11 7595 45 2773 27

9020 12 9194 23 3181 15

6557 9842 25 3183 46

4254 28 11757 3186 77

1982 668 105 -

6343 3462 352 385 -

41983 21346 6920 4516 138

93259 55147 8297 2230 575

102871 57055 5889 237 593

108674 60914 5674 38 652

119971 66670 3828 9 3086 537

118136 67384 4969 887 553

104987 60406 1721 -

513 157 149 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 390 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

1086 9 385 233 431

2504 94 409 2003 3402 150 501

12470 8908 945 3300 944 443

20397 17 12144 270 4378 1548 343

20435 20 13606 80 5047 8 1875 325

19049 23 17321 43 6366 2724 315

15169 19511 50 7164 21 15 2042 371

14767 20203 76 6086 1677 51

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.197

Japan 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

55.05

60.72

55.03

41.13

42.14

41.73

61.40

88.80

93.10

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

48.31 67.36 x x 60.35 46.06 43.51 42.55 50.14

55.27 71.27 x x 66.90 54.38 59.34 50.11 57.45

51.15 64.49 x x 61.37 49.49 48.26 49.54 54.81

40.96 47.30 x x 47.81 39.35 x 47.09 45.52

43.32 50.50 x x 52.07 38.97 x x 45.59

43.56 51.64 x x 42.93 39.09 x x 46.05

56.85 62.04 x x 163.61 72.57 109.00 x 67.98

96.44 106.05 .. .. 159.01 100.45 x x 114.96

106.20 125.68 .. .. 159.35 91.98 88.35 x 116.69

42.64 50.97 47.85 37.95 36.95 34.93 51.48 Imports from: Australia 43.34 52.23 48.87 38.32 37.39 35.13 50.20 Canada 42.96 48.26 44.20 36.94 37.34 33.82 52.60 Czech Republic x x x x x x x Poland x x x x x x x United States 48.05 53.17 52.65 45.99 48.63 x 186.48 China 38.52 47.59 44.48 36.95 36.25 35.28 55.06 Colombia 43.70 x x 48.98 50.13 67.62 x South Africa 41.16 47.95 48.27 38.05 40.30 35.21 x Former USSR(2) 40.24 46.54 43.45 37.61 34.35 34.28 59.02 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

62.73

63.33

61.90 63.79 .. .. x 65.65 x 80.64 66.10

63.90 56.32 .. .. 596.68 63.88 x x 62.20

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.198 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Korea* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

350

600

300

500

250

400

200 300 150 200 100 100

50 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

70

70

60

60

50

50

40

40

30

30

20

20

10

10

450

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 80

1975

1980

Renewables

80

0 1970

1975

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 500

400

450

350

400

300

350 300

250

250

200

200 150

150

100

100

50

50

0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.199

Korea 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

TPES (Mtce) 30.92 59.10 133.41 Coal 11.61 19.26 36.51 Oil 19.15 38.30 71.48 Gas 3.89 Comb. Renew/Waste 1.04 Nuclear 1.29 19.69 Hydro 0.16 0.24 0.78 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.01 Net Electricity trade(1) Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

2000

2004

271.64 56.36 147.90 24.29 1.97 40.57 0.49 0.06 e -

304.69 71.55 144.89 36.11 2.87 48.66 0.53 0.00 0.06 e -

2005

2006e

305.39 70.67 137.37 39.10 3.06 54.64 0.45 0.00 0.07 0.02

312.10 75.94 135.80 41.06 3.39 55.38 0.43 0.01 0.08 0.02

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 8.98 6.97 8.06 9.87 -

5.68 4.50 4.45 16.63 7.44 7.04 -3.59 10.88 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

77 123 284 512 614 638 0.40 0.48 0.47 0.53 0.50 0.48 Population (millions) 34.1 38.1 42.9 47.0 48.1 48.3 TPES/population(1) 0.91 1.55 3.11 5.78 6.34 6.32 TPES/GDP(2) 75.3 90.6 88.6 100.0 93.5 90.2 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 136.3 142.4 116.9 100.0 105.9 100.6 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 36.3 58.4 72.9 100.0 120.7 122.6 Elec. Generation (TWh) 15 37 105 263 367 388 Industrial Production(2) .. 14.3 43.1 100.0 126.3 134.1 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

670 0.47 48.5 6.43 87.8 102.9 .. 406 147.6

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 7.94 0.96 1.35 7.52 0.96 -0.90 4.18 12.23 -

5.55 0.12 0.80 4.84 0.12 -1.00 3.53 9.08 7.86

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

11.35 -

11.71 -

10.82 -

2.56 -

1.95 -

1.73 -

1.73 -

-0.39 -

-11.49 -

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal 18.05 18.63 17.22 4.15 3.19 2.83 2.82 Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-0.39 -

-11.34 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.200 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Korea 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

24.86 9.26 14.02 1.58 -

44.81 13.92 26.87 4.02 -

92.95 16.74 62.60 0.96 1.04 0.01 11.60 -

183.07 11.93 123.15 15.61 1.82 0.06 28.69 1.82

204.48 13.17 125.34 20.02 2.18 0.00 0.05 39.08 4.65

207.63 12.75 123.99 20.73 2.39 0.00 0.05 41.52 6.20

208.67 11.50 121.39 22.83 2.57 0.00 0.05 43.87 6.46

8.07 3.54 9.20 12.46 -

5.54 -2.47 4.51 23.51 6.20 8.68 9.28 -

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

8.86 0.56 7.22 1.09 -

14.26 1.92 9.54 2.79 -

26.87 4.36 14.90 0.10 0.41 7.10 -

47.25 11.12 14.91 4.11 1.51 15.60 -

55.02 12.37 12.20 5.34 1.69 0.00 0.00 20.70 2.71

56.56 11.81 11.28 5.63 1.93 0.00 0.00 21.78 4.13

55.55 10.14 10.67 5.95 2.09 0.00 0.00 22.60 4.10

6.74 12.88 4.35 11.67 -

4.96 5.79 -2.20 30.96 11.54 8.02 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

3.72 0.02 3.68 -

7.25 0.00 7.20 -

21.33 21.20 -

42.90 42.65 -

48.80 48.33 0.19

48.93 48.29 0.33

45.48 44.75 0.46

10.83 10.84 -

5.18 5.11 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.02 8.85 8.55 e 0.10 -

0.05 13.19 11.85 e 0.68 -

0.12 18.35 12.34 e 2.60 0.66 e

0.25 20.81 0.81 e 5.60 8.90

0.00 0.29 25.71 0.80 5.47 12.10

0.01 0.30 24.75 0.94 4.86 11.04

0.02 0.25 26.35 1.36 4.60 11.96

12.93 4.38 2.18 20.89 -

4.86 2.44 -13.66 3.89 21.26

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

0.19 1.26 0.14 0.84 -

0.65 3.65 0.14 e 3.01 -

0.56 0.01 2.18 12.50 0.04 e 10.17 0.19 e

0.09 0.05 3.82 1.53 24.67 13.35 2.58

0.09 0.04 5.48 1.73 e 24.97 10.12 2.36

0.06 0.04 5.97 1.83 25.58 8.57 3.70

0.07 0.00 0.04 6.25 2.07 27.47 8.46 4.42

15.43 14.47 -7.29 15.77 -

-12.93 11.63 7.28 5.39 -1.22 23.17

0.22 0.01 8.37 0.14 39.95 39.95 -

0.39 0.00 0.01 11.88 0.21 43.44 43.44 -

0.40 0.00 0.01 12.66 0.24 45.67 45.67 -

0.39 0.00 0.01 13.91 0.29 47.75 47.75 -

12.47 11.10 11.10 -

11.69 1.30 13.75 10.99 10.99 -

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.07 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.01 Electricity 0.27 0.50 2.01 Heat Non-Energy Use 1.67 4.53 9.99 Coal Oil 1.67 4.53 9.99 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.201

Korea 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

11.7 5.0 e 2.6 e

10.8 22.5 e 3.2 e

2.6 54.9 e -1.1 e

2.0 71.8 -2.2

1.7 67.0 1.9

1.7 69.3 4.9

0.8 23.2 x

-11.5 7.6 x

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

9.5 0.6 -0.2 1.6

Primary Supply

11.6

19.3

36.5

56.4

71.6

70.7

75.9

7.0

4.5

Statistical Difference

-0.0

-0.4

1.1

0.9

0.2

-0.4

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-2.2 e

-3.5 e

-18.8 e

-42.3 e

-58.7 e

-58.8 e

..

13.5

7.9

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-0.5 e -0.4 -0.1 e

-1.2 e -1.2 -0.0 e

-8.5 e -5.6 e -2.9 e

-33.7 e -29.9 e -3.7 e

-47.6 -41.8 -5.8

-47.3 -41.8 -5.5

.. .. ..

18.4 16.4 25.9

12.1 14.4 4.3

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-1.7 e -0.2 e -0.0 e -1.5 e

-2.3 e -1.4 e -0.2 e -0.7 e

.. .. .. .. ..

11.1 21.7 28.5 7.0

0.8 3.2 13.6 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3) Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

e e e e

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

-

-

-

-

-1.4 e

-2.1 e

-3.0 e

-

-

-

9.3

13.9

16.7

0.6 0.6 e -

1.9 1.3 e 0.7 -

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

Other Sectors

Comm. and pub. services Residential

-8.7 e -7.8 e -0.6 e -0.2 e

-0.1 e

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print (7)

-10.3 e -4.9 e -0.6 e -4.8 e

-

8.7 0.1 8.6 e

12.0 0.1 e 11.9 e

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

4.4 0.7 e 0.1 e 2.9 0.0 e 12.4 0.0 e 12.3 e -

-11.1 e -8.4 e -2.7 0.1

-11.5 e -7.9 e -3.7 0.1

-

-

..

-

-

-0.3

-0.0

..

17.8

-24.8

-

-

-

..

x

x

11.9

12.8

11.5

..

3.5

-2.5

11.1 3.1 e 0.2 4.4 -

11.8 6.2 e 0.1 4.8 0.1

10.1 5.3 0.1 4.0 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

12.9 1.4 -

5.8 14.5 3.6 2.2 19.4

-

-

..

-

-

0.9 0.9

1.4 1.4

.. .. ..

2.1 -7.3 2.2

-13.7 -13.7

-

-

..

-

-

0.8 0.8 e -

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.202 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Korea 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

19.88 0.52 0.52 18.29 0.84 0.68 0.16 0.22 -

23.80 1.87 1.87 19.97 1.75 0.71 1.05 0.22 -

33.04 7.71 7.71 20.70 4.59 0.17 0.08 3.53 0.00 0.80 0.05 -

47.13 36.16 36.16 1.22 9.76 0.27 5.31 4.19 -

57.11 49.12 47.27 1.86 1.17 8.25 1.04 0.27 6.06 0.89 -

58.93 50.28 47.87 2.41 1.39 - e 7.65 1.18 0.13 5.29 0.07 0.98 -

61.39 52.72 50.21 2.51 2.01 7.09 1.19 0.13 4.75 0.04 0.98 -

4.32 25.23 25.23 1.04 15.15 -10.91 29.42 -12.19 -

4.22 13.68 13.31 -14.40 2.95 13.81 3.45 1.99 19.24 1.34 -

2.01 2.01 -

3.99 3.99 -

11.74 11.74 -

19.42 16.38 3.03 -

20.22 15.63 4.93 0.07 0.07 -

21.03 15.96 5.00 e 0.06 0.06 -

20.88 15.40 5.48 -

15.84 15.84 -

3.92 1.83 -

-

-

-

-

-

Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

-

-

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.203

Korea 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. 190.75 ..

.. 99.47 ..

.. 209.61 ..

.. 209.09 ..

.. 229.39 ..

50.52 258.12 227.79

58.45 .. 285.46

54.79 .. 371.04

.. .. .. .. ..

32.75 .. 190.75 .. ..

61.03 .. 99.47 .. ..

58.34 .. 209.61 216.55 ..

52.96 .. 209.09 215.33 ..

58.42 .. 229.39 236.47 ..

63.94 72.67 258.12 265.55 265.87

78.92 116.55 330.61 326.85 305.23

90.36 120.22 414.09 428.69 385.16

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Korean Wons / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. 152225 ..

.. 92585 ..

.. 311681 ..

.. 343893 ..

.. 359186 ..

54543 388560 335334

56432 .. 375833

49179 .. 454149

Steam Coal .. 18743 Coking Coal .. .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. 152225 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

40740 .. 92585 .. ..

62210 .. 311681 321999 ..

62469 .. 343893 354147 ..

65598 .. 359186 370266 ..

69025 78452 388560 399742 391405

76197 112530 445095 440030 401855

81110 107911 518276 536552 471430

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

22.46 22.46 11.13 e 11.34 e -

54.93 54.93 18.42 36.51 -

64.37 64.37 18.86 45.51 -

66.44 66.44 19.13 47.31 -

71.78 71.14 20.56 50.59 0.64

67.00 66.68 19.45 47.24 0.32

69.31 69.02 18.93 50.08 0.29

Total Exports 0.17 Hard Coal 0.17 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-

-

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

1973

1980

0.65 0.61 .. .. 0.04

4.96 4.84 3.87 e 0.97 e 0.12

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.204 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Korea 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

2169

5032

23729 e

63724 e

72051

73607

78963

76758

79706

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

2009 1150 409 450 -

3987 2277 828 882 -

11287 5053 2026 2908 -

19575 10641 4097 1419 -

20003 12589 3298 -

20315 12535 3026 36 -

21808 12442 4206 533 33

20627 11664 4315 901 -

20081 11677 4089 120 -

-

-

3736 8 327 45

3781 937 -

3638 956 -

3258 489 -

3096 1099 -

160 -

1045 800 15 230 -

e e

52048 14398 1244 2 335 -

53292 13809 741 171 5

57155 17695 280 530 242

56131 19207 4 365 56

59625 17343 766 538 3

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 160 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

20210 e 5277 e 2503 e 2197 e 68 e -

25850 6927 2566 726 -

27347 8121 2097 933 68

20351 13457 4087 513 -

17580 15382 3018 358 161

15645 20698 3933 635 64

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

e e e

e

100 e 1200 12442 3506 1250 1235 -

e e e

e

1000 e 397 e 5054 e -

e e e

e

2781 e 209 e 394 e 34 e 44149 12019 1647 166 62

e e e

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.205

Korea 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

..

..

..

42.75

45.04

46.58

68.79

110.75

114.69

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

41.31 46.48 .. .. 54.87 40.21 .. .. 44.82

44.52 48.24 .. .. .. 43.29 .. .. 44.86

46.19 48.65 .. .. .. 44.61 .. .. 48.38

58.24 60.15 .. .. 144.12 111.54 .. .. 82.15

106.89 106.32 .. .. 138.42 121.09 .. .. 124.34

112.87 125.78 .. .. 135.17 108.61 .. .. 95.28

.. .. .. 31.08 30.68 29.39 48.21 Imports from: Australia .. .. .. 33.42 33.54 29.95 48.77 Canada .. .. .. 31.02 34.18 31.81 58.71 Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. United States .. .. .. 22.23 21.88 .. 30.33 China .. .. .. 30.56 30.32 29.66 51.54 Colombia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. South Africa .. .. .. 34.38 .. 24.21 .. Former USSR(2) .. .. .. 33.93 29.76 30.68 57.14 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

55.76

51.73

58.85 95.90 .. .. 31.96 59.44 .. .. 58.14

54.91 59.40 .. .. 32.11 56.63 .. .. 54.19

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.206 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Luxembourg* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

7

120

6

100

5

80

4 60 3 40 2 20

1 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) 4.0

4.0

3.5

3.5

3.0

3.0

2.5

2.5

2.0

2.0

1.5

1.5

1.0

1.0

0.5

0.5

4.0

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 4.5

1975 1980 1985 Production Exports

1980

Renewables

4.5

0.0 1970

1975

2005

0.0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 18

3.5

16

3.0

14 12

2.5

10

2.0

8 1.5 6 1.0

4

0.5 0.0 1970 Coal

2

1975 Oil

1980

1985

Gas

Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.207

Luxembourg 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 6.44 5.20 5.10 Coal 3.48 2.61 1.62 Oil 2.39 1.60 2.34 Gas 0.31 0.61 0.61 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.03 0.04 Nuclear Hydro 0.01 0.01 0.01 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) 0.25 0.35 0.48 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

5.26 0.18 3.34 0.96 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.70 -

6.69 0.13 4.32 1.71 0.08 0.01 0.01 0.41 -

6.82 0.12 4.52 1.68 0.09 0.01 0.01 0.40 -

6.82 0.16 4.35 1.76 0.09 0.01 0.01 0.44 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 -1.36 -4.40 -0.11 4.05 2.37 3.95 -

1.96 -16.09 4.47 6.96 6.03 2.34 -1.24 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

7 8 12 20 23 24 0.92 0.68 0.41 0.26 0.30 0.29 Population (millions) 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 TPES/population(1) 18.33 14.30 13.36 11.99 14.76 14.93 TPES/GDP(2) 353.0 262.1 158.5 100.0 113.7 111.6 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 5603.4 3853.8 1475.8 100.0 67.1 55.9 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 150.1 166.2 118.9 100.0 100.4 92.9 Elec. Generation (TWh) 1 1 1 0 3 3 Industrial Production(2) 63.8 55.4 79.5 100.0 117.8 125.2 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

25 0.27 0.5 14.79 105.0 71.4 .. 4 122.6

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 3.40 -4.60 0.50 -1.85 -4.60 -7.55 -1.36 -4.62 1.30

4.37 -2.31 1.20 0.75 -2.31 -19.60 -1.63 11.86 3.07

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.208 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Luxembourg 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

4.21 1.40 2.19 0.25 0.36 -

3.99 1.49 1.56 0.51 0.44 -

4.23 0.78 2.34 0.60 0.51 -

5.17 0.18 3.34 0.89 0.02 0.00 0.70 0.04

5.76 0.11 3.92 0.90 0.02 0.00 0.74 0.07

6.32 0.13 4.33 0.97 0.02 0.00 0.79 0.07

6.43 0.12 4.52 0.93 0.02 0.00 0.76 0.09

0.03 -3.36 0.38 5.21 1.99 -

2.84 -11.91 4.49 2.99 2.67 -

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

2.95 1.35 1.11 0.20 0.29 -

2.35 1.45 0.24 0.35 0.30 -

1.91 0.77 0.39 0.40 0.35 -

1.37 0.18 0.11 0.59 0.47 0.02

1.27 0.11 0.07 0.57 0.49 0.03

1.38 0.13 0.08 0.61 0.52 0.04

1.36 0.12 0.12 0.60 0.49 0.03

-2.53 -3.22 -5.95 4.17 1.02 -

-2.25 -11.88 -7.48 2.73 2.35 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

0.42 0.41 -

0.73 0.72 -

1.47 1.47 -

2.75 2.74 -

3.41 3.40 -

3.78 3.76 -

3.97 3.95 -

7.71 7.74 -

6.82 6.83 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.00 0.74 0.05 0.61 0.05

0.01 0.77 0.03 0.52 0.16

0.01 0.72 0.01 0.44 0.20

0.01 0.86 0.00 0.44 0.30

0.01 0.89 0.00 0.42 0.34

0.00 0.01 0.95 0.00 0.44 0.36

0.00 0.01 0.88 0.00 0.38 0.34

3.05 -0.12 -9.72 -1.86 8.04

3.71 1.35 -15.48 -0.92 3.49

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

0.03 -

0.06 0.06 -

0.07 0.08 -

0.02 0.00 0.08 0.01 0.13 -

0.02 0.00 0.08 0.03 0.15 -

0.02 0.00 0.09 0.04 0.16 -

0.02 0.00 0.09 0.05 0.16 -

5.87 -

1.59 4.85 -

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.06 0.08 Heat Non-Energy Use 0.04 0.06 0.03 Coal Oil 0.04 0.06 0.03 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.13 0.02 0.02 -

0.15 0.02 0.02 -

0.16 0.02 0.02 -

0.16 0.03 0.03 -

-1.95 -1.95 -

4.85 -0.36 -0.36 -

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.209

Luxembourg 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

3.5 -0.0

2.6 -0.0

1.6 -

0.2 -

0.1 -

0.1 -

0.2 -

-4.4 x

-16.1 x

Primary Supply

3.5

2.6

1.6

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.2

-4.4

-16.1

Statistical Difference

0.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-1.9 e

-1.1 e

-0.8 e

-

-

-

..

-5.1

-

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-0.4 -0.4 -

-0.2 -0.2

-0.2 -0.2

-

-

-

.. .. ..

-3.7 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-1.5 e -1.5 e -

-0.8 e -0.8 e -

-0.6 e -0.6 e -

-

-

-

.. .. .. .. ..

-5.5 -5.5 -

-

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.1

-0.1

-0.0

-

-

-

..

x

x

1.4

1.5

0.8

0.2

0.1

0.1

..

-3.4

-11.9

1.3 1.3 -

1.5 1.3 e 0.1 -

0.8 0.6 e 0.2 -

0.2 0.0 0.1 -

0.1 0.0 0.1 -

0.1 0.0 0.1 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-3.2 -4.5 -

-11.9 -17.5 -4.5 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

.. .. ..

-9.7 -9.7

-15.5 -15.5

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.210 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Luxembourg 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

0.50 0.50 0.50 0.01 -

0.35 0.02 0.02 0.33 0.22 0.11 0.01 -

0.20 0.20 0.04 0.16 0.00 -

0.17 0.17 0.04 0.13 -

0.11 0.11 0.04 0.06 -

0.13 0.13 0.04 0.09 -

0.11 0.11 0.03 0.08 -

-7.48 -7.45 -19.27 -12.55 -

-3.75 -3.72 -0.74 -4.68 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

0.02 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.03 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.211

Luxembourg 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. 131.80 ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. x .. .. ..

.. x .. .. 134.97

.. x 94.73 .. ..

.. x x 130.60 ..

.. x x 122.24 ..

.. x x 156.10 ..

.. x x 152.43 ..

.. x x .. ..

.. x x .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Euro / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. 131.73 ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

Steam Coal .. .. Coking Coal x x High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. 125.81 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. x 108.26 .. ..

.. x x 195.34 ..

.. x x 178.79 ..

.. x x 190.45 ..

.. x x 169.16 ..

.. x x .. ..

.. x x .. ..

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

3.49 0.30 .. .. 3.19

2.63 0.36 0.36 0.02 2.26

1.62 0.20 0.20 1.42

0.18 0.17 0.17 0.01

0.13 0.13 0.13 0.01

0.11 0.11 0.11 0.01

0.13 0.13 0.13 0.01

0.12 0.11 0.11 0.01

0.16 0.15 0.15 0.00

Total Exports Hard Coal Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-

-

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.212 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Luxembourg 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

495

364

197

171

127

106

129

111

153

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

495 299 12 1 6

364 75 50 171 23

197 1 34

171 5 52

127 4 68

106 5 56

129 7 60

111 3 59

153 4 97

125 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 52 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

45 -

138 24 -

114 -

55 -

45 -

62 -

49 -

52 -

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.213

Mexico* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

300

300

250

250

200

200

150

150

100

100

50

50

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

12

12

10

10

8

8

6

6

4

4

2

2

250

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 14

1975

1980

Renewables

14

0 1970

1975

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 450 400

200

350 300

150 250 200

100

150 100

50

50 0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.214 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Mexico 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 76.00 138.76 177.63 Coal 2.62 3.38 4.95 Oil 47.29 94.95 119.05 Gas 14.99 27.33 33.03 Comb. Renew/Waste 8.87 9.82 10.49 Nuclear 1.09 Hydro 1.99 2.07 2.88 Geothermal 0.20 1.12 6.29 Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) 0.04 0.08 -0.17 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

214.75 9.78 131.19 47.87 11.35 3.06 4.07 7.25 0.07 0.11 -

236.03 10.19 137.32 62.43 11.50 3.42 3.10 8.08 0.11 -0.12 -

252.19 12.48 148.35 63.13 11.87 4.02 3.41 8.96 0.11 -0.15 -

253.55 13.20 142.55 70.12 11.66 4.05 3.74 8.21 0.12 -0.10 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 5.12 3.81 5.58 4.76 0.99 2.21 22.57 -

2.36 6.36 1.48 4.41 0.83 9.07 1.12 2.39 -0.85 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

223 345 413 581 618 0.34 0.40 0.43 0.37 0.38 Population (millions) 53.3 65.7 81.3 98.7 104.0 TPES/population(1) 1.43 2.11 2.19 2.18 2.27 TPES/GDP(2) 92.1 108.7 116.4 100.0 103.3 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 69.8 58.2 71.2 100.0 97.9 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 50.7 59.3 86.9 100.0 98.6 Elec. Generation (TWh) 37 67 124 204 224 Industrial Production(2) .. 56.6 67.3 100.0 100.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2005

2006e

636 0.40 105.3 2.39 107.2 116.5 99.8 235 101.9

667 0.38 106.6 2.38 102.9 117.6 .. 253 107.1

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 3.68 1.39 2.51 2.54 1.39 0.12 3.23 7.36 -

2.93 -0.55 1.74 0.61 -0.55 3.33 0.93 4.34 2.80

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

2.47 -

2.48 -

2.37 2.46 -

1.77 5.96 -

1.39 5.39 -

1.44 5.93 -

1.53 6.34 -

-0.34 -

-3.30 6.03 -

Mt: Coking Coal 3.09 3.09 2.96 2.21 1.74 1.79 1.91 Steam Coal 3.97 9.13 8.15 8.96 9.57 Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-0.34 -

-3.30 5.58 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.215

Mexico 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

57.77 1.96 32.69 10.38 8.87 3.88 -

96.43 2.29 58.95 18.34 9.82 7.02 -

126.30 2.22 81.05 20.23 10.49 12.31 -

143.77 1.97 89.99 21.64 10.19 0.06 19.92 -

143.54 1.48 92.08 19.47 9.90 0.09 20.52 -

150.47 1.82 97.56 20.19 9.91 0.10 20.89 -

154.44 1.84 100.79 19.69 10.23 0.10 21.78 -

4.71 0.75 5.49 4.00 0.99 7.03 -

1.35 -1.27 1.46 -0.18 -0.17 3.88 -

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

20.39 1.96 5.23 9.09 1.89 2.22 -

31.89 2.29 8.75 14.93 2.20 3.71 -

39.69 2.19 12.99 15.46 2.49 6.56 -

42.55 1.97 10.95 15.76 1.66 12.22 -

37.62 1.48 8.38 14.12 1.43 12.22 -

38.81 1.82 8.42 14.61 1.46 12.50 -

39.24 1.84 8.29 14.28 1.80 13.04 -

4.00 0.66 5.50 3.17 1.62 6.57 -

-0.08 -1.17 -2.95 -0.53 -2.14 4.68 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

18.70 18.66 -

34.80 34.75 -

44.89 44.80 -

54.47 53.42 0.91

60.29 59.31 0.84

64.50 63.50 0.86

68.10 66.91 1.04

5.29 5.29 -

2.82 2.71 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.04 9.71 1.11 0.56

0.05 11.00 1.48 0.67

0.10 21.08 9.41 1.16

0.13 24.72 10.91 0.84

0.14 25.38 10.84 1.16

0.14 25.41 10.71 1.23

0.15 25.47 10.57 1.23

4.91 4.67 13.38 4.40

2.63 1.27 0.78 0.39

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

6.98 1.06 0.69 0.69 -

7.62 1.23 2.20 1.23 -

8.01 2.50 3.21 1.88 -

8.53 4.44 4.97 2.47 0.27

8.47 4.91 4.28 1.58 0.27

8.45 5.02 5.04 2.28 0.28

8.43 5.24 5.15 2.29 0.29

0.81 5.17 9.48 6.08 -

0.35 5.04 3.20 1.32 -

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.97 1.34 Heat Non-Energy Use 3.13 6.97 13.15 Coal 0.03 Oil 2.40 4.24 9.51 Gas 0.73 2.73 3.61 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.06 2.16 13.04 9.18 3.85

0.09 2.34 11.95 8.86 3.09

0.10 2.37 12.62 9.41 3.20

0.10 2.47 12.07 9.21 2.85

8.81 8.42 9.89

4.19 -0.57 -0.21 -1.55

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.216 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Mexico 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

2.2 0.4 0.1

2.5 0.9 -0.1 0.1

4.8 0.3 -0.0 -0.2

7.7 2.4 -0.0 -0.4

6.8 3.4 -0.0 0.0

7.4 5.4 -0.0 -0.3

7.9 5.6 -0.0 -0.2

4.8 -0.9 x

2.8 20.3 -9.7 x

Primary Supply

2.6

3.4

5.0

9.8

10.2

12.5

13.2

3.8

6.4

Statistical Difference

-0.1

-0.2

-0.1

-

-

-

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-0.5

-0.9

-2.6

-7.8 e

-8.3 e

-10.6 e

..

10.0

9.8

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-0.1 -0.1 -

-

-2.5 -2.5 -

-6.8 -6.2 -0.6

-7.9 -7.6 -0.3

-10.2 -9.9 -0.3

.. .. ..

23.1 23.1 -

9.9 9.7 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.4 -0.4 -

-0.9 -0.9 -

-0.2 -0.2 -

-0.9 e -0.7 e -0.2 -

-0.4 e -0.4 e -0.1 -

-0.4 e -0.4 e -0.1 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-5.9 -5.9 -

7.2 -5.4 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.1

-0.0

-0.1

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

..

-1.6

-4.2

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

2.0

2.3

2.2

2.0

1.8

1.8

..

0.7

-1.3

2.0 2.0 -

2.3 2.3 -

2.2 1.9 0.0 -

2.0 1.7 e 0.0 -

1.8 1.5 e 0.1 -

1.8 1.5 e 0.1 -

.. .. .. .. ..

0.7 -0.1 -

-1.2 -1.6 9.2 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.. .. ..

-

-

Non-energy Use 0.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.217

Mexico 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

-

-

3.97 3.97 3.97 -

11.36 9.57 9.57 1.79 -

15.38 13.88 13.88 1.20 0.30 0.30 -

13.01 11.51 11.51 1.33 0.17 0.17 -

16.69 14.92 14.92 1.58 0.19 0.19 -

-

10.05 9.23 9.23 -

4.05 3.97 -

3.97 3.98 -

2.91 2.89 -

0.93 0.93 -

0.64 0.64 -

0.44 0.44 -

0.25 0.25 -

-2.72 -2.61 -

-15.14 -15.10 -

-

0.00 0.00 -

0.00 0.00 -

0.00 0.00 -

0.00 0.00 -

-

-

Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.218 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Mexico 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. 7.80 10.48

33.26 10.58 13.84

48.19 38.04 68.38

48.69 86.20 116.69

51.56 81.69 95.44

49.13 95.97 159.64

56.83 99.50 213.88

62.69 122.84 282.93

64.79 174.80 264.12

x .. 7.80 .. 10.39

x .. 10.58 .. 13.84

x .. 38.04 .. 68.38

x .. 86.29 .. 116.69

x .. 82.79 .. 95.44

x .. 96.64 .. 159.64

x .. 100.11 .. 233.87

x .. 124.95 .. 277.77

x .. 176.42 .. 266.91

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Mexican Pesos / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. 0.26 0.31

0.50 0.35 0.41

89.48 156.54 249.77

300.80 1180.30 1418.28

325.54 1143.04 1185.32

346.46 1499.93 2214.71

419.01 1625.80 3102.12

446.18 1937.60 3961.39

461.72 2760.51 3702.49

Steam Coal x x Coking Coal .. .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil 0.26 0.35 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 0.31 0.41 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

x .. 156.54 .. 249.77

x .. 1181.46 .. 1418.28

x .. 1158.38 .. 1185.32

x .. 1510.32 .. 2214.71

x .. 1635.69 .. 3392.06

x .. 1970.92 .. 3889.13

x .. 2786.06 .. 3741.57

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

0.39 0.25 .. .. 0.14

0.92 0.81 0.81 0.12

0.34 0.22 0.22 0.11

2.43 1.85 1.85 0.00 0.57

4.40 4.04 4.04 0.00 0.36

5.42 4.96 4.96 0.00 0.46

3.37 2.89 2.89 0.00 0.48

5.38 5.03 5.03 0.00 0.35

5.57 5.28 5.28 0.00 0.29

Total Exports 0.08 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hard Coal 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coking Coal .. 0.00 Steam Coal .. 0.00 0.00 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.219

Mexico 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

570

823

228

2432

5896

7236

4092

7261

7620

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

570 470 -

823 723 -

228 122 6 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

100

100

100

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2432 1074 538 697 -

5896 1865 765 694 -

7236 5661 466 1052 -

4092 2055 1033 942 -

7261 5326 579 1020 222

7620 6380 511 367 140

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

-

1 66 56 -

2567 5 -

18 8 1 30 -

20 9 33 -

3 111 -

2 193 27 -

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.220 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Netherlands* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

140

180 160

120

140 100

120

80

100

60

80 60

40

40

20 0 1970

20

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

1975

1980

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

30

14

25

12 10

20

8 15 6 10 4 5

2

0 1970

120

1975

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 200 180

100

160 140

80

120 60

100 80

40

60 40

20

20 0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.221

Netherlands 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 89.20 92.83 95.36 Coal 4.10 5.42 12.76 Oil 44.15 42.11 34.78 Gas 40.71 43.46 44.00 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.32 1.36 Nuclear 0.41 1.56 1.30 Hydro 0.01 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.01 Net Electricity trade(1) -0.17 -0.04 1.13 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

108.37 11.50 40.86 49.57 2.49 1.46 0.02 0.15 2.32 -

117.39 12.43 45.65 52.48 3.12 1.42 0.01 0.28 1.99 -

116.93 11.70 46.98 50.45 3.74 1.49 0.01 0.32 2.25 -

114.95 10.91 47.01 48.93 3.79 1.29 0.01 0.39 2.64 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 0.39 6.91 -1.39 0.46 7.00 -

1.37 -0.58 2.02 0.92 6.99 0.89 0.23 25.99 4.68 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

193 228 285 385 402 408 0.46 0.41 0.33 0.28 0.29 0.29 Population (millions) 13.4 14.1 14.9 15.9 16.3 16.3 TPES/population(1) 6.64 6.56 6.38 6.81 7.21 7.17 TPES/GDP(2) 164.6 144.5 119.0 100.0 103.8 101.8 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 71.2 79.4 150.0 100.0 103.5 96.0 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 90.5 98.9 101.5 100.0 100.9 100.7 Elec. Generation (TWh) 53 65 72 90 101 100 Industrial Production(2) 70.7 78.9 83.9 100.0 102.6 101.4 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

420 0.27 16.4 7.00 97.3 87.0 .. 98 102.5

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.33 -1.89 0.63 -0.23 -1.89 4.48 0.67 1.86 1.01

2.42 -1.03 0.59 0.78 -1.03 -2.93 -0.05 2.23 1.27

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.222 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Netherlands 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

69.78 1.55 35.23 27.56 5.45 -

72.93 1.11 30.13 34.64 7.05 -

73.26 1.97 28.42 32.85 0.54 0.00 9.03 0.44

85.03 1.18 34.95 32.95 0.53 0.02 12.03 3.36

88.98 1.22 38.25 33.29 0.52 0.02 12.35 3.31

90.36 1.40 38.84 33.22 0.55 0.03 12.67 3.65

91.95 1.33 41.09 31.85 0.56 0.03 12.84 4.26

0.29 1.44 -1.26 1.04 3.02 -

1.53 -2.59 2.49 -0.21 0.25 15.63 2.37 16.38

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

19.55 1.09 4.04 11.63 2.79 -

17.57 0.99 3.61 9.52 3.45 -

16.19 1.58 1.13 9.30 0.09 4.08 -

17.95 0.77 2.25 8.20 0.12 4.99 1.62

18.53 0.75 2.48 8.43 0.14 5.00 1.73

19.15 0.93 2.36 8.56 0.17 5.08 2.05

19.70 0.89 2.92 8.21 0.18 5.11 2.39

-1.10 2.21 -7.22 -1.31 2.26 -

1.32 -3.77 6.55 -0.83 4.73 1.51 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

10.67 10.56 -

12.41 12.29 -

15.09 14.93 -

20.78 20.58 -

21.49 21.30 -

22.03 21.83 -

22.08 21.88 -

2.06 2.06 -

2.57 2.58 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.11 18.77 0.34 6.88 10.21

0.12 20.28 0.07 2.05 16.31

0.16 14.20 0.03 0.35 11.23

0.20 14.72 0.01 0.09 11.38

0.19 15.00 0.01 0.09 11.45

0.20 14.91 0.01 0.09 11.28

0.20 14.77 0.01 0.11 10.74

2.09 -1.63 -12.77 -16.01 0.56

1.57 0.27 -9.84 -7.60 -0.29

1.35 2.76 1.56 -

1.86 2.54 1.09 0.04

0.40 0.00 2.03 0.15 8.44 0.04 0.92 4.76

0.34 0.02 2.68 0.21 10.54 0.03 0.42 5.26

0.33 0.02 2.86 0.25 11.89 0.04 0.45 6.49

0.33 0.03 2.89 0.29 11.84 0.04 0.44 6.25

0.33 0.03 2.98 0.58 10.80 0.04 0.56 5.10

2.44 6.79 -3.07 -

-1.35 15.63 2.60 9.42 1.66 0.50 -3.25 0.46

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.05 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 1.20 1.41 2.54 Heat 0.14 Non-Energy Use 10.78 12.54 14.21 Coal 0.32 Oil 10.78 10.05 10.65 Gas 2.49 3.25 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.07 3.72 1.04 14.84 0.37 10.89 3.58

0.06 3.80 1.06 16.69 0.43 13.22 3.04

0.06 4.00 1.04 16.90 0.41 13.41 3.08

0.06 3.85 1.20 18.82 0.39 14.92 3.51

4.50 1.64 -0.07 -

0.77 2.81 15.63 1.89 1.48 2.27 0.51

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.223

Netherlands 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

1.6 4.2 -2.0 0.3

7.3 -2.0 0.1

16.8 -3.3 -0.7

20.5 -8.7 -0.2

20.8 -8.6 0.2

18.6 -6.7 -0.2

16.0 -4.5 -0.6

8.5 2.9 x

0.7 4.9 x

Primary Supply

4.1

5.4

12.8

11.5

12.4

11.7

10.9

6.9

-0.6

Statistical Difference

0.1

0.1

-0.2

-0.1

-0.2

-

..

x

x

-10.3 e

-10.0 e

-10.6 e

..

10.9

-0.1

Total Transformation

-1.8 e

-4.1 e

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-1.1 -1.1 -

-2.6 -2.4 -0.2

-8.7 -8.6 -0.1

-8.2 -8.2 -0.0

-8.5 -8.5 -0.0

-8.0 -8.0 -0.0

.. .. ..

12.8 12.7 -

-0.6 -0.5 -12.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.6 e -0.8 e 0.2 0.0

-1.6 e -1.2 e -0.4 -

-1.6 e -1.5 e -0.1 -

-1.8 e -1.6 e -0.2 -

-2.1 e -1.9 e -0.2 -

-2.1 e -1.9 e -0.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

5.4 3.3 -

2.0 1.9 3.9 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-10.1 e

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.9

-0.3

-0.3

-0.3

-0.3

-0.3

..

-5.5

-1.6

-0.1

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

1.5

1.1

2.0

1.2

1.4

1.3

..

1.4

-2.6

1.1 0.7 0.2 0.0 -

1.0 0.6 0.2 0.2 -

1.6 0.9 e 0.4 0.1 0.0

0.8 0.6 0.1 0.1 -

0.9 0.9 e 0.1 -

0.9 0.8 e 0.0 -

.. .. .. .. ..

2.2 1.6 2.8 10.5 -

-3.8 -0.8 -5.4 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.5 0.3

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

.. .. ..

-10.1 -12.8

-3.0 0.5 -9.8

Non-energy Use 0.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.4

0.4

0.4

..

-

1.5

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.224 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Netherlands 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes) 1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1.85 1.70 1.59 0.11 0.01 0.06 0.05 0.01 0.07 -

2.45 2.40 2.26 0.14 0.01 0.07 0.06 0.01 0.07 -

9.64 8.72 8.69 0.03 0.48 0.36 0.03 0.00 0.09 0.06 0.01

8.88 8.59 8.59 0.11 0.01 0.05 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.01

9.28 9.21 9.21 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.00

8.93 8.88 8.88 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.00

8.31 8.27 8.27 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.03 -

14.74 14.59 15.21 -9.75 19.17 17.55 22.79 -0.98 -

-0.99 -0.36 -0.33 -22.30 -20.79 -17.77 -4.52 -

2.95 3.28 -

3.52 3.67 -

4.39 3.85 0.62 0.06 0.06 -

4.05 3.01 1.05 0.00

4.39 3.05 1.33 0.00

4.62 3.15 1.41 0.06 0.06 0.00

4.70 3.16 1.47 0.07 0.05 0.02 0.00

3.36 1.33 -

0.45 -1.31 5.95 0.63 -1.32 -

0.07 0.16 0.07 0.07 0.15 0.06 0.07 0.15 0.06 0.00 0.01 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.04 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.02 -

0.04 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 -

0.04 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 -

0.05 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.02 -

0.12 -0.95 -1.23 -

-2.12 -4.74 -5.49 4.73 9.05 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.225

Netherlands 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

40.99 65.34 61.49

63.99 138.04 126.93

71.37 .. 103.23

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

57.76 105.55 71.09 .. 68.25

62.94 131.85 133.96 .. 113.74

62.74 154.34 131.18 .. 97.42

.. .. x 156.50 129.53

.. .. x 148.84 127.91

.. .. x 190.79 172.95

.. .. x 199.49 ..

.. .. x 255.43 ..

.. .. x 296.48 ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Euro / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

40.25 89.46 77.63

57.72 173.60 147.20

58.95 .. 109.63

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

Steam Coal 56.72 56.77 Coking Coal 100.69 115.53 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 97.33 168.47 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 86.17 131.91 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

51.82 123.84 151.08 .. 103.46

.. .. x 236.75 180.69

.. .. x 220.19 174.49

.. .. x 235.42 196.79

.. .. x 223.91 ..

.. .. x 286.69 ..

.. .. x 329.46 ..

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

4.20 3.52 .. .. 0.01 0.66

7.32 6.38 3.15 3.23 0.11 0.84

16.78 16.19 4.51 11.68 0.05 0.54

20.46 19.60 4.76 14.84 0.03 0.83

19.88 19.14 4.84 14.30 0.04 0.70

20.20 19.45 4.46 14.98 0.03 0.72

20.81 20.32 4.88 15.45 0.03 0.46

18.60 18.10 4.88 13.23 0.03 0.46

16.00 15.72 3.58 12.14 0.02 0.26

Total Exports 1.99 2.02 3.26 8.71 8.11 7.02 8.55 Hard Coal 1.07 1.33 2.31 7.89 7.42 6.46 8.20 Coking Coal .. 0.04 0.92 0.71 0.29 0.39 Steam Coal .. 1.30 2.31 6.97 6.72 6.17 7.81 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 0.00 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.93 0.68 0.95 0.82 0.69 0.56 0.35 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

6.72 6.36 0.23 6.13 0.36

4.48 3.94 3.94 0.54

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.226 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Netherlands 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

5038

7156

17440

22295

21677

21620

22603

20415

17840

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

2853 961 89 782 376 644 1

3399 382 114 670 482 1749 1

4603 449 426 462 98 3110 4

4864 1903 366 319 1620 1

4947 1240 1450 1080 71

4561 972 1139 18 1173 73

4988 655 1500 1 1417 73

4987 1346 902 1364 99

3662 1235 705 840 -

-

1

1 6 46 1 -

10 441 204 -

86 139 173 708 -

80 110 118 27 851 -

91 11 296 943 1

359 204 713 -

266 596 20 -

2185 529 55 62 703 264 166 14 10

3757 792 68 706 460 156 1053 63

12837 5176 72 1043 3023 237

17431 1110 19 1246 9 1242 365

16730 1593 189 138 19 321 1 1270 266

17059 1589 41 28 359 2 8 137

17615 745 140 177 180 1 406 167

15428 439 43 97 68 290 239

14178 277 2 91 122 1 205 215

309 57 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 16 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

459 -

152 1514 133 1436 32 19 -

271 4795 2644 5269 174 90 158 39

412 2940 1771 7257 417 10 126

227 4282 1972 7976 261 122 5 50

143 4424 1784 8305 973 1 169

83 5703 992 6084 1250 33 107

237 4392 2176 5234 995 138 72 21

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.227

Netherlands 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

13

39

-

938

722

293

395

236

-

13 13 -

39 9 27 3 -

-

938 10 928 -

722 22 110 585 3 2 -

293 36 253 4 -

393 103 7 195 88 -

236 236 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.228 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Netherlands 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

475

1508

2512

8184

7846

7002

8897

7138

4606

475 231 9 228 5 2 -

1493 575 59 146 87 409 1 4 24 121 67 -

2448 469 2 2 261 1410 48 7 3 26 7 213 -

8158 1 149 316 7041 3 53 309 19 267 -

7720 5 569 2 507 6140 216 7 32 242 -

6824 2 177 770 5400 200 104 171 -

8781 72 117 28 1406 6406 3 228 49 472 -

7114 4 38 18 67 309 1291 4599 71 60 33 1 172 6 17 13 415 -

4590 1 7 12 44 202 836 2982 47 39 22 110 7 9 272 -

-

5 5 -

64 61 3 -

-

3 3

-

-

39 3 21

26 2 14

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

10

-

26

123

178

116

-

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.229

Netherlands 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

62.90

60.87

53.77

55.37

55.55

63.00

78.99

104.06

125.70

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

61.99 46.53 .. 50.54 57.37 .. .. 41.29 50.79

60.19 59.41 .. 60.71 51.33 46.96 50.24 47.62 ..

56.87 54.78 .. 55.46 57.65 39.24 .. .. 33.59

52.79 56.56 .. .. 58.86 100.24 .. .. ..

52.70 55.69 .. 36.81 62.05 96.07 .. .. ..

64.81 61.32 .. .. 68.56 129.95 .. 48.99 64.70

86.94 76.24 .. .. 86.30 .. 76.73 .. 68.97

101.15 100.14 .. .. 108.36 352.78 130.59 .. 95.25

126.33 143.55 .. .. 127.21 127.00 .. .. 88.14

39.52 52.25 43.89 40.09 35.81 37.27 55.09 Imports from: Australia 39.88 52.28 42.39 35.17 43.79 45.99 70.15 Canada .. .. .. 46.12 .. 90.34 103.25 Czech Republic 63.86 .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland 43.19 55.66 46.60 36.13 33.79 37.89 70.15 United States 43.36 54.91 49.37 41.01 39.15 35.34 53.90 China 38.66 51.46 42.61 36.84 34.96 38.27 62.91 Colombia 37.43 51.72 40.75 45.92 32.69 34.28 54.89 South Africa 36.10 43.71 41.63 40.08 35.86 36.35 52.22 Former USSR(2) 37.78 47.99 58.39 37.95 35.41 40.39 74.07 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

68.86

68.57

106.55 144.61 .. 304.89 76.01 77.09 65.86 65.31 67.64

108.34 145.81 .. 61.40 100.13 .. 62.25 64.04 76.60

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.230 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

New Zealand* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

30

140

25

120 100

20 80 15 60 10

40

5

20

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

1975

1980

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

5.0

3.5

4.5

3.0

4.0 2.5

3.5 3.0

2.0

2.5 1.5

2.0 1.5

1.0

1.0 0.5

0.5 0.0 1970

1975 1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0.0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

50

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 40

45

35

40 30

35 30

25

25

20

20

15

15 10

10

5

5 0 1970 Coal

1975

1980

1985

Oil

Gas

Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.231

New Zealand 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 11.81 13.14 19.65 Coal 1.80 1.46 1.62 Oil 6.32 6.03 5.66 Gas 0.40 1.13 5.57 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.74 0.78 Nuclear Hydro 1.76 2.33 2.87 Geothermal 1.53 1.46 3.16 Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

25.65 1.49 9.01 7.22 1.02 3.00 3.90 0.01 -

24.90 2.59 10.05 4.93 1.18 3.34 2.72 0.05 0.03

24.16 2.86 9.74 4.56 1.24 2.88 2.76 0.08 0.02

25.04 2.96 9.87 4.68 1.27 2.88 3.27 0.09 0.02

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 3.04 -0.64 -0.65 16.69 2.92 4.37 -

1.38 3.87 3.68 -1.32 3.15 0.04 -0.90 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

33 33 40 53 62 63 0.36 0.40 0.49 0.49 0.40 0.39 Population (millions) 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.9 4.1 4.1 TPES/population(1) 3.98 4.18 5.85 6.64 6.13 5.89 TPES/GDP(2) 74.2 81.6 101.3 100.0 83.1 79.1 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 195.4 155.8 143.7 100.0 148.7 161.4 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 76.3 92.4 109.2 100.0 95.4 92.5 Elec. Generation (TWh) 19 23 32 39 43 43 Industrial Production(2) .. .. 83.1 100.0 111.6 108.7 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

64 0.39 4.1 6.06 81.0 164.8 .. 43 107.4

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.17 1.85 0.73 2.29 1.85 -1.79 2.13 3.32 -

3.07 -1.64 1.33 0.05 -1.64 0.78 -1.10 1.92 1.81

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

0.01 1.53 0.07 -

0.18 1.36 0.10 -

0.55 1.35 0.08 -

1.72 1.51 0.10 -

2.40 1.77 0.12 -

2.37 1.88 0.12 -

2.68 2.00 0.12 -

38.38 -1.01 0.89 -

10.20 2.20 2.99 -

Mt: Coking Coal 0.01 0.17 0.58 1.64 2.47 2.45 2.77 Steam Coal 2.01 1.76 1.85 2.00 2.45 2.58 2.75 Brown Coal 0.15 0.21 0.16 0.21 0.24 0.25 0.25 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

39.12 -0.70 0.54 -

10.10 2.24 2.87 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.232 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

New Zealand 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

8.65 1.24 5.24 0.20 1.96 -

10.13 1.15 5.43 0.52 0.63 2.40 -

13.59 0.97 6.33 1.85 0.64 0.39 3.41 -

18.64 0.66 8.34 4.40 0.78 0.32 4.13 -

18.48 0.95 9.35 2.65 0.89 0.33 0.01 4.31 -

19.18 0.74 9.72 2.86 0.93 0.33 0.01 4.61 -

18.19 0.69 9.71 1.95 0.95 0.33 0.01 4.55 -

2.70 -1.46 1.11 13.84 3.33 -

1.96 -2.19 2.89 0.36 2.64 -1.08 1.94 -

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

2.77 0.98 1.03 0.07 0.69 -

3.42 0.78 0.85 0.38 0.46 0.94 -

4.18 0.79 0.39 0.76 0.55 0.31 1.37 -

4.15 0.50 0.45 0.71 0.56 0.19 1.73 -

4.54 0.77 0.47 0.75 0.67 0.19 1.70 -

4.60 0.48 0.55 0.81 0.71 0.19 1.86 -

4.71 0.52 0.53 0.91 0.73 0.19 1.83 -

2.44 -1.28 -5.52 14.70 4.12 -

0.81 -2.74 2.06 1.19 1.88 -3.11 1.93 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

3.07 3.07 -

3.56 0.00 3.55 0.01

4.90 4.81 0.08

6.88 6.82 0.00

7.87 7.81 0.01

8.15 8.09 0.01

8.04 7.98 0.01

2.78 2.68 -

3.35 3.43 -15.85

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.00 1.29 0.22 0.11 0.04

0.00 1.45 0.19 0.04 0.06

0.01 1.60 0.05 0.02 0.11

0.05 1.92 0.03 0.06 0.22

0.05 2.01 0.03 0.06 0.21

0.06 2.10 0.03 0.07 0.21

0.06 2.08 0.03 0.07 0.20

2.67 1.28 -8.17 -10.97 5.92

14.23 1.75 -4.04 10.67 4.22

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

0.91 0.73 0.33 0.09

0.17 e 0.99 1.01 0.17 0.36 0.07

0.09 e 0.08 1.26 1.16 0.08 0.23 0.15

0.22 0.00 1.39 1.62 0.11 0.14 0.44

0.21 0.00 0.01 1.49 1.61 0.13 0.15 0.29

0.22 0.00 0.01 1.57 1.76 0.21 0.19 0.28

0.22 0.00 0.01 1.55 1.71 0.11 0.29 0.23

1.91 2.76 -2.15 3.05

6.03 -18.62 1.38 2.65 1.65 1.57 2.77

0.01 0.13 0.80 3.46 0.43 3.03

0.01 0.13 0.90 1.76 0.36 1.40

0.00 0.13 0.95 1.97 0.42 1.55

0.00 0.13 0.95 1.01 0.40 0.61

4.95 7.72 1.64 -

6.23 2.18 -1.10 -0.71 -1.34

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.00 0.00 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.30 0.41 0.69 Heat Non-Energy Use 0.34 0.30 1.20 Coal Oil 0.34 0.30 0.45 Gas 0.75 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.233

New Zealand 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

1.8 -0.0 -0.0

1.6 -0.1 -0.1

2.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.1

3.3 -1.6 -0.2

4.3 0.6 -2.0 -0.4

4.4 0.8 -2.4 0.1

4.8 0.9 -2.8 0.0

0.4 14.7 x

5.4 37.5 14.4 x

Primary Supply

1.8

1.5

1.6

1.5

2.6

2.9

3.0

-0.6

3.9

Statistical Difference

-

-

0.0

-0.0

0.1

0.1

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-0.6

-0.3

-0.7

-0.8

-2.0

-2.3

..

0.9

8.8

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-0.5 -0.5 -

-0.2 -0.2 -

-0.3 -0.2 -0.1

-0.9 -0.3 -0.5

-1.9 -1.4 -0.5

-2.2 -1.7 -0.5

.. .. ..

-3.3 -6.4 -

14.2 16.7 9.0

Autoproducers Gas Works

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

(2)

-0.0 -0.0 -0.0

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.4 -0.4 -

0.0 0.0 -

-0.1 -0.1 -

-0.1 -0.1 -

.. .. .. .. ..

22.3 -

-7.3 -7.3 -

Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

1.2

1.1

1.0

0.7

0.7

0.7

..

-1.5

-2.2

1.0 0.1 -

0.8 0.1 0.1 0.1

0.8 -

0.5 -

0.5 -

0.5 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.3 -

-2.7 -

-

0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.3 0.2

0.4 0.2 0.2

0.2 0.1 0.1

0.2 0.1 0.0

0.3 0.2 0.0

0.2 0.1 0.0

.. .. ..

-2.2 -8.2

-0.2 1.7 -4.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.234 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

New Zealand 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes) 1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

2.04 0.59 0.59 0.05 0.08 0.83 0.18 0.12 0.03 0.49 0.45 -

1.76 0.30 0.30 0.02 0.08 0.95 0.14 0.10 0.06 0.65 0.36 -

1.78 0.27 0.23 0.04 0.62 0.78 0.78 0.10 -

1.78 0.45 0.43 0.02 0.67 0.50 0.50 0.13 -

3.26 1.49 1.45 0.04 0.78 0.80 0.80 0.16 -

3.49 1.94 1.90 0.04 0.79 0.47 0.47 0.27 -

3.94 2.46 2.41 0.04 0.76 0.52 0.52 0.14 -

-1.10 -6.32 -7.50 -0.50 3.89 -11.72 -

5.42 15.85 16.90 0.67 1.34 -2.61 -2.61 2.30 -

-

0.01 -

0.22 0.16 0.16 0.02 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.13 0.21 0.21 0.09 0.09 0.13 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.13 0.04 0.11 0.08 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.26 0.18 0.18 0.08 -

0.30 0.23 0.23 0.07 -

0.28 0.22 0.22 0.06 -

0.28 0.22 0.22 0.06 -

3.89 3.10 7.73 5.52 -

1.94 3.64 3.64 -2.12 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.235

New Zealand 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

36.23 c 90.61 .. ..

41.63 c 162.85 .. ..

c c 157.64 .. 61.47

c c 186.62 .. 46.54

c c 143.92 .. 50.91

c c 154.97 .. 82.49

c c 192.21 .. 95.92

c c 274.15 .. 129.12

c c 308.86 .. 145.41

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(New Zealand Dollars / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

Steam Coal 34.00 41.75 Coking Coal c c High Suplhur Fuel Oil 126.00 242.00 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

c c 382.75 .. 132.62

c c 595.43 .. 131.94

c c 450.44 .. 141.59

c c 386.60 .. 182.84

c c 419.69 .. 186.10

c c 563.70 .. 235.90

c c 689.15 .. 288.28

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

.. .. -

-

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

-

-

-

0.64 0.64 0.64 -

0.80 0.80 0.80 -

0.91 0.91 0.01 0.90 0.00 -

Total Exports 0.03 0.07 0.32 1.60 2.03 2.29 1.97 Hard Coal 0.07 0.32 1.60 2.03 2.29 1.97 Coking Coal .. 0.07 0.32 1.60 2.03 2.29 1.97 Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.03 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

2.41 2.41 2.41 -

2.81 2.81 2.81 -

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.236 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

New Zealand 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

11

70

336

1529

1932

2210

1908

2331

2720

11 11 -

70 70 -

285 30 243 12 -

940 122 687 85 46 -

1055 69 956 30 -

1013 e 1013 e -

1042 e 1042 e -

1216 1216 -

-

-

51 51 -

589 185 313 91 -

877 173 149 555 -

1289 451 467 371 -

1504 526 545 433 -

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

-

-

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

e

e

e

e

e e

e

e e

986 e 937 e 49 e 1224 297 361 566 -

e e

e e

895 387 390 118 -

e e

e e

-

e e

e e

-

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.237

Norway* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

50

120

45 100

40 35

80

30 60

25 20

40

15 10

20

5 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

1975

1980

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

3.0

1.8 1.6

2.5 1.4 2.0

1.2 1.0

1.5 0.8 1.0

0.6 0.4

0.5 0.2 0.0 1970

160

1975 1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0.0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 45

140

40

120

35 30

100

25

80

20 60 15 40

10

20

5

0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.238 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Norway 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 20.91 26.65 30.73 Coal 1.30 1.44 1.23 Oil 11.29 12.92 12.24 Gas 1.24 2.82 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.84 1.47 Nuclear Hydro 8.95 10.27 14.88 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) -0.64 -0.06 -1.95 Heat(2) 0.03 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

36.87 1.54 13.45 5.19 1.94 17.07 0.00 -2.34 0.03

40.38 1.32 15.11 7.25 1.85 13.37 0.03 1.41 0.04

45.89 1.11 20.24 7.37 1.87 16.68 0.06 -1.48 0.05

43.12 0.98 18.41 6.98 1.85 14.67 0.08 0.11 0.05

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.29 -0.31 0.48 3.04 6.81 -

2.71 -0.71 3.41 6.61 1.59 0.76 -1.84 3.42

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

66 91 116 167 181 185 0.32 0.29 0.27 0.22 0.22 0.25 Population (millions) 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.5 4.6 4.6 TPES/population(1) 5.28 6.52 7.25 8.21 8.80 9.93 TPES/GDP(2) 142.7 132.5 120.1 100.0 101.2 112.4 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 213.1 171.5 115.7 100.0 79.7 65.2 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 139.7 125.2 127.4 100.0 91.0 92.3 Elec. Generation (TWh) 73 84 122 140 110 137 Industrial Production(2) 32.3 46.2 71.5 100.0 97.4 96.9 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

193 0.22 4.6 9.30 101.1 54.9 .. 121 94.6

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 3.33 -1.01 0.40 1.88 -1.01 -3.53 -0.54 3.05 4.79

3.16 -0.44 0.58 2.12 -0.44 -3.75 -2.13 0.81 2.05

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

0.23 0.18 -

0.16 0.13 -

0.29 -

0.61 -

2.78 -

1.41 -

2.25 -

4.31 -

11.11 -

Mt: Coking Coal 0.23 0.16 Steam Coal 0.18 0.13 0.30 0.63 2.90 1.47 2.35 Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

4.68 -

11.11 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.239

Norway 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

19.61 1.16 10.97 0.01 7.47 -

23.34 1.24 12.07 0.01 0.84 9.19 -

25.75 1.11 11.36 1.28 11.89 0.11

28.96 1.36 11.41 0.84 1.71 13.46 0.18

29.65 1.00 13.15 1.00 1.56 12.67 0.27

30.03 1.13 12.74 1.15 1.48 13.26 0.28

30.14 0.96 12.56 1.07 1.51 13.75 0.30

1.62 -0.27 0.21 2.78 -

1.05 -0.96 0.67 1.08 0.97 7.11

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

8.36 1.08 2.71 0.00 4.57 -

9.22 1.19 2.86 0.00 0.26 4.91 -

8.64 1.09 1.35 0.55 5.63 0.02

9.94 1.36 1.13 0.25 0.85 6.34 0.03

9.02 1.00 1.31 0.24 0.57 5.87 0.04

9.46 1.13 1.18 0.27 0.55 6.30 0.04

9.37 0.96 1.09 0.26 0.57 6.45 0.04

0.20 0.07 -4.00 1.23 -

0.54 -0.89 -1.43 0.32 0.91 3.17

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

3.74 3.67 -

4.54 4.46 -

6.02 5.92 -

6.54 6.35 0.00

6.83 6.62 0.01

7.08 6.88 0.01

7.20 6.99 0.01

2.85 2.85 -

1.19 1.11 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.06 2.69 0.08 0.64 0.01

0.08 4.57 0.04 1.19 0.00

0.10 5.16 0.01 0.65 -

0.19 5.47 0.00 0.36 0.00

0.20 5.45 0.00 0.51 0.00

0.18 5.37 0.00 0.43 0.00

0.19 5.42 0.00 0.34 0.01

2.78 3.91 -12.22 0.15 -

4.24 0.33 -13.56 -4.25 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

1.96 0.83 0.01 0.00

0.57 2.77 2.35 1.00 -

0.74 3.72 0.04 2.91 0.50 -

0.82 4.26 0.03 2.93 0.35 0.00

0.96 3.93 0.05 3.33 0.68 0.01

0.90 3.98 0.05 3.36 0.59 0.01

0.90 4.12 0.05 3.52 0.53 0.02

3.84 7.68 22.95 -

1.37 0.67 2.70 1.29 0.38 -

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.81 1.35 2.36 Heat 0.05 Non-Energy Use 1.59 2.27 2.63 Coal Oil 1.59 2.27 2.63 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.04 2.42 0.13 2.97 2.37 0.60

0.02 2.43 0.19 3.86 3.12 0.74

0.03 2.54 0.20 3.60 2.76 0.84

0.03 2.74 0.21 3.51 2.77 0.74

6.49 3.03 3.03 -

1.01 10.38 1.93 0.33 -

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.240 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Norway 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

0.4 1.0 -0.1 0.1

0.3 1.3 -0.1 0.0

0.3 1.2 -0.2 -0.0

0.6 1.4 -0.6 0.1

2.8 1.2 -2.6 -0.0

1.4 1.0 -1.6 0.3

2.3 0.9 -2.2 0.0

-2.1 1.3 3.9 x

11.1 -1.2 13.2 x

Primary Supply

1.3

1.4

1.2

1.5

1.3

1.1

1.0

-0.3

-0.7

Statistical Difference

0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

0.0

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-0.1 e

-0.1 e

-0.1 e

-0.1 e

-0.1 e

-0.1 e

..

-1.2

1.0

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 e -0.0 e -

.. .. ..

3.5 3.5 -

1.5 1.5 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.1 e -0.1 e -0.0 -

-0.1 e -0.1 e 0.0 -

-0.1 e -0.1 e -

-0.1 e -0.1 e -

-0.1 e -0.1 e -

-0.1 e -0.1 e -

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.3 -1.4 -

0.8 0.8 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3) Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

..

x

x

1.2

1.2

1.1

1.4

1.1

1.0

..

-0.3

-1.0

1.1 0.8 e 0.1 0.1 -

1.2 0.9 e 0.2 0.1 -

1.1 0.8 e 0.2 0.1 0.0

1.4 0.8 e 0.3 0.3 -

1.1 0.6 e 0.3 0.2 -

1.0 0.5 e 0.2 0.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

0.1 -0.6 3.4 1.5 -

-0.9 -2.4 1.9 2.5 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

.. .. ..

-9.9 -12.2

-16.1 -13.6

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.241

Norway 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

0.42 0.02 0.02 0.35 0.25 0.10 0.00 0.01 -

0.52 0.01 0.01 0.51 0.31 0.12 0.08 0.00 0.01 -

0.75 0.02 0.02 0.74 0.48 0.11 0.14 0.01 0.00 0.01 -

1.04 0.02 0.02 0.96 0.47 0.22 0.27 0.00 0.00 -

0.81 0.02 0.02 0.73 0.31 0.18 0.24 0.00 -

0.91 0.03 0.03 0.81 0.39 0.21 0.22 0.00 -

0.80 0.03 0.03 0.69 0.31 0.19 0.19 -

5.00 0.84 0.84 6.54 5.75 1.12 3.44 -2.93 -

0.40 1.17 1.17 -0.47 -2.83 3.40 2.23 -

0.41 0.41 -

0.43 0.43 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.242 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Norway 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

39.80 .. 70.70 .. x

62.32 116.18 141.87 .. x

53.13 93.33 217.90 .. x

.. x x 249.15 x

.. x x 320.33 x

.. x x .. x

.. x x .. x

.. x x .. x

.. x x .. x

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Norwegian Crowns / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

Steam Coal 200 295 Coking Coal .. 550 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 528 998 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas x x Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

319 560 1943 .. x

.. x x 3123 x

.. x x 3645 x

.. x x .. x

.. x x .. x

.. x x .. x

.. x x .. x

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

0.96 0.40 .. .. 0.56

1.25 0.74 0.27 0.47 0.52

1.20 0.68 0.68 0.52

1.41 0.88 0.88 0.53

0.99 0.63 0.63 0.36

1.01 0.64 0.64 0.37

1.18 0.73 0.73 0.44

1.01 0.64 0.64 0.37

0.89 0.51 0.51 0.38

Total Exports 0.13 0.13 0.25 0.55 1.97 2.59 2.63 Hard Coal 0.08 0.09 0.24 0.55 1.97 2.59 2.63 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.09 0.24 0.55 1.97 2.59 2.63 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

1.60 1.60 1.60 0.00

2.17 2.17 2.17 -

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.243

Norway 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

450

739

713

919

655

671

766

667

530

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

187 125 62 -

272 80 192 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

263 2 55 29 77 46 38

467 1 29 155 60 153 63

713 32 48 87 181 151 99

919 64 151 169 21 291

655 57 190 92 24 138

671 58 217 87 8 87

766 83 229 95 33 141

667 71 159 103 17 145

530 38 168 21 140

16 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

6 -

4 9 97 5 -

36 102 82 3 -

11 88 27 28 -

101 113 -

10 105 70 -

30 97 39 3 3

6 72 76 9 -

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.244 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Norway 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

77

91

254

574

2050

2697

2741

1666

2266

76 75 1 -

90 87 3 -

253 2 50 87 4 46 3 61 -

570 156 50 330 7 2 25 -

2050 494 212 97 724 72 12 71 77 72 31 188 -

2697 499 63 141 1162 272 73 29 284 29 145 -

2741 310 93 1972 69 7 2 216 72 -

1666 245 111 994 71 1 214 30 -

2266 129 46 111 1693 73 7 143 64

-

-

-

4 2 2

-

-

-

-

-

Non-Specified/Other 1 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

1

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.245

Poland* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

200

140

180

120

160 140

100

120

80

100 60

80

40

60 40

20

20 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

1975

1980

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

200

160

180

140

160 120

140 120

100

100

80

80

60

60 40 40 20

20 0 1970

180

1975

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 500

160

450

140

400

120

350 300

100

250

80

200 60

150

40

100

20

50

0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.246 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Poland 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 132.97 175.76 142.69 Coal 106.71 137.11 107.73 Oil 15.55 24.13 18.95 Gas 8.94 12.53 12.77 Comb. Renew/Waste 1.81 1.74 3.18 Nuclear Hydro 0.18 0.29 0.17 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) -0.22 -0.03 -0.13 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

127.75 80.44 27.81 14.22 5.81 0.26 0.00 0.00 -0.78 -

131.12 77.42 31.02 16.97 6.57 0.26 0.01 0.02 -1.14 -

132.81 78.02 31.63 17.47 6.77 0.27 0.01 0.02 -1.37 -

140.75 82.41 34.76 17.61 7.02 0.25 0.02 0.03 -1.35 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 0.42 0.06 1.17 2.12 3.37 -0.16 -3.02 -

-0.48 -2.13 3.47 2.11 5.15 2.98 17.15 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

103 e 119 e 118 171 192 198 1.29 e 1.48 e 1.21 0.75 0.68 0.67 Population (millions) 33.4 35.6 38.1 38.3 38.2 38.2 TPES/population(1) 3.98 4.94 3.74 3.34 3.43 3.48 TPES/GDP(2) 173.3 e 197.9 e 161.8 100.0 91.6 89.8 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 220.8 e 245.2 e 194.0 100.0 85.9 83.8 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 99.9 e 126.0 e 143.6 100.0 92.1 88.4 Elec. Generation (TWh) 84 121 134 143 153 155 Industrial Production(2) .. .. 61.0 100.0 124.8 129.9 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

210 0.67 38.1 3.69 89.7 83.4 .. 161 145.5

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 0.82 -0.40 0.79 -0.37 -0.40 -0.76 2.16 2.81 -

3.50 -3.85 0.01 -0.48 -3.85 -5.44 -3.19 0.97 5.17

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

.. 158.69 11.02 -

.. 155.71 9.90 -

.. 115.68 19.27 -

17.24 67.30 17.32 -

16.63 63.73 18.46 -

14.21 65.96 18.19 -

14.72 63.46 17.95 -

-2.60 4.76 -

-3.68 -0.38 -

Mt: Coking Coal .. .. .. 17.22 16.53 14.07 14.57 Steam Coal 192.62 193.12 147.74 86.11 84.71 83.83 80.65 Brown Coal 41.01 36.87 67.58 59.48 61.20 61.64 60.83 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-2.19 4.25 -

-3.71 -0.61 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.247

Poland 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

86.96 39.99 13.26 7.78 1.16 7.16 17.62

112.05 44.66 19.19 10.94 1.09 10.45 25.73

88.87 24.84 16.36 11.28 2.33 11.82 22.23

83.76 19.00 25.81 11.64 5.55 0.00 11.92 9.84

83.91 15.74 26.46 12.98 6.06 0.01 12.11 10.55

86.98 16.28 28.51 13.57 6.08 0.01 12.30 10.24

87.95 16.19 29.33 14.24 5.91 0.01 12.19 10.08

0.13 -2.76 1.24 2.21 4.19 3.00 1.38

-0.07 -2.82 3.97 1.56 6.41 0.21 -5.14

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

37.51 13.46 2.09 5.18 0.24 4.68 11.85

46.02 14.24 2.98 6.12 0.44 6.40 15.85

33.24 9.55 1.35 3.77 0.97 5.25 12.34

25.16 10.76 2.71 3.24 1.41 4.97 2.07

22.90 7.51 2.68 3.44 1.63 4.94 2.70

23.69 7.65 2.64 3.86 1.63 5.21 2.71

22.32 6.66 2.44 3.98 1.54 5.08 2.63

-0.71 -2.00 -2.53 -1.85 8.70 0.68 0.24

-2.62 -2.38 4.01 0.36 3.09 -0.23 -9.79

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

13.21 5.23 7.56 -

13.62 2.57 10.46 -

10.89 0.25 9.97 -

14.24 13.58 0.09

15.02 14.21 0.18

16.79 15.95 0.25

18.03 17.09 0.34

-1.13 -16.42 1.64 -

3.42 3.66 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.43 19.71 13.14 e 0.18 0.88

0.59 28.82 17.58 e 0.25 2.06

0.67 25.73 9.46 e 0.06 4.27

0.57 24.58 6.10 1.30 4.36

0.04 0.59 25.40 5.96 1.68 4.36

0.02 0.57 25.53 6.30 1.70 4.31

0.07 0.54 26.29 7.12 1.55 4.61

2.74 1.58 -1.91 -6.21 9.73

-1.44 0.14 -1.88 24.26 0.51

0.81 0.67 4.03 7.90 6.00 e 0.22

0.56 1.32 7.05 10.93 7.96 e 0.49

1.17 2.48 8.28 8.01 4.00 e 0.48

3.24 0.00 2.58 6.99 6.90 0.75 0.57 1.32

3.52 0.01 3.05 6.82 8.71 1.01 0.84 2.29

3.53 0.01 3.13 6.55 8.63 0.97 0.91 2.37

3.44 0.01 3.08 6.48 8.52 0.96 0.69 2.40

2.16 7.98 4.33 0.08 -2.35 4.78

7.44 1.44 -1.62 0.41 -9.10 11.30

0.32 0.00 3.21 0.74 6.15 0.11 3.43 2.62

0.22 0.00 3.35 0.99 5.85 0.09 3.09 2.67

0.22 0.00 3.21 0.95 6.16 0.15 3.28 2.73

0.22 0.00 3.31 0.94 6.42 0.12 3.41 2.88

-6.26 6.01 2.76 1.60 -7.66 2.15 3.75

14.28 2.26 -1.24 0.39 -4.93 0.77 0.32

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.09 0.06 0.03 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.88 1.18 2.37 Heat 0.71 1.24 1.13 Non-Energy Use 4.62 6.53 6.05 Coal 1.03 0.60 0.27 Oil 2.12 3.67 3.04 Gas 1.47 2.26 2.74 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.248 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Poland 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

143.9 1.2 -38.5 0.2

165.6 1.0 -30.3 0.8

134.9 0.6 -27.6 -0.2

101.9 1.5 -24.8 1.9

98.8 2.3 -23.7 -0.0

98.4 3.1 -21.6 -1.8

96.1 4.7 -21.0 2.5

-0.4 -4.2 -2.0 x

-2.1 12.0 -1.6 x

Primary Supply

106.7

137.1

107.7

80.4

77.4

78.0

82.4

0.1

-2.1

Statistical Difference

-0.5

-2.7

1.2

0.6

0.6

-1.3

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-63.3 e

-87.0 e

-82.1 e

-59.6 e

-59.3 e

-58.5 e

..

1.5

-2.2

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-57.0 e -36.7 e -20.3 e

-79.1 -53.6 -25.5

-76.9 -56.3 -20.6

-56.3 -53.3 -2.9

-56.7 -53.8 -2.9

-56.6 -53.8 -2.8

.. .. ..

1.8 2.5 0.1

-2.0 -0.3 -12.4

-2.0 e

-1.5

-0.3

-

-

-

..

-10.4

-

-4.3 e 0.0 -3.2 e -1.2 0.1

-6.4 e 0.0 -4.2 e -2.4 0.1

-4.9 e 0.0 -2.9 e -2.0 0.0

-3.3 e 0.0 -1.9 e -1.4 -

-2.6 e -1.7 e -0.9 -

-1.9 e -1.2 e -0.7 -

.. .. .. .. ..

0.8 -2.9 -0.5 2.8 -23.8

-6.2 -5.7 -7.0 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3) Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-2.8 e

-

-2.7

-2.0

-2.4

-2.3

-2.0

..

-2.1

0.2

-0.0 e

-0.1

-0.0

-0.0

-0.1

-0.0

..

x

x

40.0

44.7

24.8

19.0

16.3

16.2

..

-2.8

-2.8

13.5 2.6 e 0.7 5.2 0.1

14.2 3.4 e 0.7 4.9 0.1

5.2

2.6

0.2

20.3 6.0 e 13.1 e

27.3 8.0 e 17.6 e

14.8 4.0 e 9.5 e

9.6 2.9 e 0.4 3.0 0.1

Non-energy Use 1.0 0.6 0.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

10.8 3.1 e 1.8 2.1 0.5

7.6 2.3 e 1.1 1.3 0.5

6.7 1.6 e 1.1 1.2 0.5

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.0 0.6 -3.7 -3.2 -1.0

-2.4 -3.7 7.7 -6.0 14.4

-

-

-

..

-16.4

-

8.1 0.7 6.1

8.5 1.0 6.3

9.4 1.0 7.1

.. .. ..

-1.8 -2.4 -1.9

-3.0 -9.1 -1.9

0.1

0.2

0.1

..

-7.7

-4.9

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.249

Poland 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

154.18 84.76 57.61 27.15 1.64 25.30 2.66 9.35 0.11 0.36 5.05 0.08 3.76 25.23 0.04

164.01 92.64 64.47 28.17 1.60 25.30 2.29 9.82 0.11 0.53 5.01 0.08 4.09 27.31 0.04

119.93 77.55 55.18 22.38 0.08 18.21 0.55 6.74 0.05 0.32 3.19 0.07 3.11 14.60 0.01

70.04 51.63 48.60 3.03 9.70 0.79 2.17 2.30 0.68 3.76 8.10 0.01

71.60 52.45 48.78 3.67 6.25 0.35 1.19 1.29 0.60 2.82 8.14 0.01

70.23 51.86 48.97 2.89 6.22 0.45 1.24 1.39 0.59 2.55 8.12 0.11

69.28 50.82 47.98 2.84 5.61 0.26 1.23 1.28 0.55 2.29 8.99 0.09

-2.07 -0.74 -0.36 -1.60 -22.50 -2.70 -12.36 -2.69 -6.00 -0.96 -3.75 -1.35 -1.55 -4.46 -7.78

-3.59 -2.78 -0.93 -12.86 -1.21 11.59 9.48 -5.92 14.95 -2.02 -3.18 12.86

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. -

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. -

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. -

13.33 0.05 0.00 0.05 12.26 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 -

13.77 0.06 0.06 13.76 0.00 0.00 -

13.68 0.08 0.08 13.59 -

11.16 0.08 0.08 11.24 -

-

-

37.71 35.31 67.39 36.91 34.15 66.92 36.45 33.69 66.46 0.46 0.47 0.46 0.26 0.29 0.23 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.08 0.08 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.06 0.07 0.02 0.06 Non-energy use 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

59.49 59.11 59.10 0.01 0.04 0.05 0.01 0.04 0.14 -

60.87 60.41 60.41 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.19 -

61.18 60.38 60.37 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.23 -

61.59 61.08 61.07 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.23 -

4.96 5.08 5.13 -0.05 -0.87 10.42 -4.76 2.43 0.54 -7.48 -

-0.60 -0.61 -0.56 -33.53 -8.83 -5.07 9.05 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.250 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Poland 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

3.10 .. ..

15.61 61.62 ..

38.69 80.54 ..

44.17 93.65 ..

49.63 114.33 ..

54.77 124.04 ..

65.19 181.87 ..

70.50 220.45 ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. 35.19

.. .. 61.62 .. 63.43

44.87 38.75 80.59 .. 103.46

46.50 47.49 93.68 .. 134.62

52.51 52.01 114.33 .. 136.84

60.64 95.46 124.04 141.46 139.55

71.39 114.57 181.87 213.05 174.75

75.69 94.52 220.45 264.03 228.88

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Polish Zlotys / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

0.01 .. ..

10.82 81.90 ..

122.66 489.70 ..

131.52 534.80 ..

140.74 621.88 ..

145.87 633.56 ..

153.77 822.85 ..

159.57 957.01 ..

Steam Coal .. .. Coking Coal .. .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. 0.20 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. .. 81.90 .. 77.47

167.38 169.55 490.00 .. 578.13

162.93 195.18 535.00 .. 706.55

175.22 203.62 621.88 .. 684.05

190.02 350.90 633.56 722.55 655.05

198.17 373.05 822.85 963.92 726.60

201.59 295.31 957.01 1146.16 913.15

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

1.17 1.17 .. .. -

1.01 1.01 .. 1.01 -

0.56 0.56 .. 0.56 -

1.46 1.44 1.27 0.17 0.02

2.54 2.51 0.37 2.14 0.03

2.30 2.27 0.40 1.87 0.03

2.35 2.13 0.61 1.53 0.22

3.08 2.92 0.62 2.31 0.15

4.71 4.55 1.36 3.19 0.00 0.15

Total Exports 38.55 30.30 27.57 24.76 24.83 23.32 23.73 Hard Coal 34.32 28.20 24.02 21.23 20.78 18.28 18.18 Coking Coal .. .. .. 5.33 3.55 2.72 3.08 Steam Coal .. 28.20 24.02 15.90 17.23 15.56 15.09 Brown Coal / Lignite 1.37 0.42 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 Peat Coal Products(1) 2.85 1.67 3.49 3.53 4.04 5.03 5.55 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

21.63 16.78 3.19 13.60 0.00 4.85

20.97 14.55 3.59 10.95 6.43

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.251

Poland 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

1044

1012

560

1452

2737

2517

2328

3372

5162

-

-

-

1263 500 1

363 304 50

401 400 -

602 571 18 -

610 35 558 17 -

1350 1347 -

-

-

-

736 26 -

5 4 -

1 -

11 1 1

-

3 -

1044 -

1012 -

560 -

189 11 94 6 1 2

2374 75 14

2116 99 43

1726 49 4

2762 29 4 4

3812 99 1 -

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 1044 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

1012

560

4 7 13 51 -

2 32 121 1461 666 3

2 14 1730 227 1

2 30 1448 193 -

5 56 2390 274 -

10 80 3342 280 -

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.252 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Poland 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

-

-

-

5290

3521

2710

3036

3151

3550

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

4318 599 214 717 72 131 266 323 53 669 7 494 100 4 -

2772 565 61 468 5 404 130 2 10 65 113 254 144 11 286 -

2854 623 411 403 145 107 110 120 363 209 -

3996 629 44 462 20 354 246 48 81 997 118 -

3391 520 523 13 148 219 295 48 622 99 212 70

4046 607 915 70 164 153 94 30 899 142 73 -

Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1642 143 529 62 2 2 903

1003 253 629 118 3

219 214 1 4

37 37 -

382 355 27

403 70 298 35

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.253

Poland 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

40106

31085

28065

17955

19102

17409

16648

16218

13067

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

17403 1213 375 863 2214 1175 1336 6396 1 279 196 913 208 88 5 286 382 146 1040 1

18018 1646 418 733 2125 1291 945 7067 190 320 537 1 63 345 289 111 324 1 1287 36

16005 1477 1 749 848 1622 1498 6727 257 6 255 2 2 54 299 35 579 40 1255 -

16313 1512 456 781 1071 1265 572 7213 258 9 266 95 191 183 294 45 322 19 1399 68

15986 1187 649 717 837 653 1230 6906 240 9 286 245 222 142 223 250 41 172 66 1614 47

13227 1285 291 934 516 513 692 6256 215 19 235 155 218 160 1 201 37 283 1015 -

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

872 3 16 3 816

1407 371 2 998

1732 369 1 1333

699 45 501 82

526 436 46

80 41

Non-Specified/Other 40106 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

31085

28065

-

2

-

1

-

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.254 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Portugal* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

40

500

35

450 400

30

350

25

300

20

250 200

15

150 10

100

5

50

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

0 1970

2005

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

5

5

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

50

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 6

1975

1980

Renewables

6

0 1970

1975

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 70

45 60

40

50

35 30

40

25 20

30

15

20

10 10

5 0 1970 Coal

1975

1980

1985

Oil

Gas

Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.255

Portugal 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 10.33 14.70 25.35 Coal 0.72 0.61 3.94 Oil 7.79 11.86 16.73 Gas Comb. Renew/Waste 0.91 1.03 3.54 Nuclear Hydro 0.90 0.98 1.13 Geothermal 0.00 0.00 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.02 Net Electricity trade(1) -0.00 0.22 0.00 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

36.13 5.44 22.18 2.90 3.96 1.39 0.10 0.05 0.11 -

37.93 4.82 22.02 4.72 4.12 1.21 0.11 0.13 0.80 -

38.81 4.78 22.71 5.36 4.19 0.58 0.09 0.25 0.84 -

36.61 4.78 19.81 5.20 4.31 1.35 0.10 0.39 0.67 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 5.42 10.47 4.60 8.30 1.32 -

2.88 1.30 2.06 1.14 -4.31 22.31 20.19 41.60 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

50 62 85 113 116 116 0.21 0.24 0.30 0.32 0.33 0.33 Population (millions) 8.7 9.9 10.0 10.2 10.5 10.5 TPES/population(1) 1.18 1.49 2.54 3.53 3.61 3.68 TPES/GDP(2) 64.9 74.5 93.3 100.0 102.1 104.0 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 30.3 20.4 96.3 100.0 86.2 85.2 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 48.4 68.4 81.6 100.0 113.2 116.9 Elec. Generation (TWh) 10 15 28 43 45 46 Industrial Production(2) 39.7 54.7 87.2 100.0 100.0 100.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

119 0.31 10.6 3.47 96.3 83.5 .. 49 103.1

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 3.20 2.15 0.81 4.58 2.15 7.05 3.12 6.45 4.74

2.13 0.73 0.36 2.51 0.73 -0.81 2.43 3.31 0.94

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

0.11 -

0.10 -

0.16 -

-

-

-

-

3.78 -

-

-

3.78 -

-

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal 0.18 0.18 0.28 Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.256 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Portugal 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

8.73 0.27 6.56 0.07 0.83 1.00 -

11.86 0.29 8.80 0.07 0.91 1.76 0.03

20.01 0.85 12.81 0.07 3.32 0.02 2.89 0.04

28.90 0.62 18.71 1.19 3.45 0.00 0.03 4.71 0.19

29.80 0.20 18.70 1.72 3.53 0.00 0.03 5.30 0.32

30.48 0.12 19.10 1.83 3.54 0.00 0.03 5.49 0.37

30.54 0.02 18.88 1.87 3.58 0.00 0.03 5.69 0.47

5.00 6.90 4.02 0.46 8.52 6.42 -

2.86 -21.56 2.62 23.94 0.49 4.90 4.61 17.71

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

3.33 0.20 2.05 0.00 0.46 0.63 -

4.78 0.28 3.02 0.00 0.44 1.01 0.03

6.68 0.85 2.61 1.68 1.50 0.04

8.95 0.62 3.44 0.94 1.81 1.96 0.18

8.38 0.20 2.61 1.31 1.89 2.07 0.30

8.23 0.12 2.43 1.35 1.89 2.10 0.35

8.12 0.02 2.25 1.37 1.92 2.11 0.45

4.17 9.01 1.43 7.97 5.26 -

1.31 -21.55 -0.97 0.87 2.29 17.40

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

2.78 0.03 2.73 -

3.74 0.00 3.70 -

5.46 5.42 -

9.53 9.49 0.00

10.37 10.30 0.01

10.65 10.58 0.01

10.28 10.21 0.02

4.05 4.13 -

4.31 4.31 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.03 1.17 0.05 0.51 0.03

0.03 1.49 0.00 0.58 0.03

0.04 3.29 0.00 0.85 0.06

0.04 4.03 0.99 0.14

0.05 4.48 1.13 0.23

0.06 4.60 1.12 0.26

0.06 4.61 1.00 0.29

2.09 6.28 -21.02 3.08 3.75

2.84 2.27 1.08 11.07

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

0.37 0.21 0.36 0.21 0.02

0.47 0.40 0.63 0.01 0.30 0.01

1.64 0.01 0.73 0.86 0.00 0.24 0.02

1.64 0.02 1.24 0.01 2.00 0.49 0.10

1.64 0.02 1.45 0.01 2.64 0.83 0.17

1.65 0.02 1.53 0.01 2.67 0.76 0.20

1.66 0.02 1.63 0.01 3.16 1.17 0.19

9.13 7.73 5.23 0.95 -0.70

0.08 9.21 5.51 9.05 11.11 18.37

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.01 Electricity 0.14 0.31 0.59 Heat Non-Energy Use 0.54 0.75 3.05 Coal Oil 0.54 0.75 3.05 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.00 0.01 1.39 0.00 3.36 3.36 -

0.00 0.01 1.62 0.01 3.28 3.28 -

0.00 0.01 1.68 0.01 3.48 3.48 -

0.00 0.01 1.77 0.01 3.54 3.54 -

8.92 10.70 10.70 -

1.31 7.56 1.00 1.00 -

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.257

Portugal 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

0.2 0.4 -0.0 0.1

0.1 0.5 0.0

0.2 4.3 -0.0 -0.5

5.7 -0.1 -0.2

4.6 0.2

4.6 0.2

5.0 -0.0 -0.3

-0.8 14.9 -2.2 x

0.5 x

Primary Supply

0.7

0.6

3.9

5.4

4.8

4.8

4.8

10.5

1.3

Statistical Difference

0.1

0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.1

-0.0

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-0.5 e

-0.3 e

-3.0 e

-4.8 e

-4.6

-4.7

..

11.7

3.0

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-0.3 -0.3 -

-0.1 -0.1 -0.0

-2.9 -2.9 -0.0

-4.6 -4.6 -0.1

-4.6 -4.6 -

-4.7 -4.7 -

.. .. ..

14.1 14.1 -

3.3 3.3 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.2 e -0.1 e -0.0 0.0

-0.1 e -0.1 e -0.0 -

-0.1 e -0.1 e -0.0 -

-0.1 e -0.1 e -0.0 -

-

-

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.5 -2.4 -0.1 -

-

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

..

0.5

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

..

x

x

0.3

0.3

0.8

0.6

0.1

0.0

..

6.9

-21.6

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

0.2 0.1 e 0.0 -

0.3 0.2 e 0.0 0.0 -

0.8 0.1 e 0.0 0.7 -

0.6 0.1 e 0.0 0.4 -

0.1 0.0 0.1 -

0.0 0.0 -

.. .. .. .. ..

9.0 1.0 26.6 -

-21.6 2.8 -

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

-

-

-

.. .. ..

-17.7 -21.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.258 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Portugal 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

0.21 0.17 0.17 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.03 -

0.24 0.21 0.21 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 -

4.08 3.26 3.26 0.82 0.01 0.81 0.00 0.00 -

5.66 5.17 5.17 0.48 0.48 -

5.36 5.14 5.14 0.22 0.01 0.20 -

5.51 5.29 5.29 0.13 0.01 0.12 -

5.48 5.44 5.44 0.02 0.02 -

28.21 27.90 27.90 29.73 6.99 32.70 -

1.97 3.47 3.47 -23.07 3.91 -

0.42 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.06 0.06 0.01 -

0.36 0.31 0.06 0.06 0.01 -

0.31 0.31 -

0.50 0.49 -

-

-

-

-2.48 -0.59 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.259

Portugal 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

31.26 48.18 x

44.39 94.94 x

58.90 76.31 x

34.67 108.41 ..

37.06 104.45 ..

44.00 132.25 150.96

65.92 134.54 188.25

77.51 158.83 226.98

66.84 226.75 276.16

.. 175.90 54.80 .. x

.. 243.16 102.26 .. x

.. 52.51 131.62 .. x

37.98 31.67 161.36 170.14 ..

39.74 32.64 162.72 169.81 185.22

47.00 38.73 x 209.61 223.72

.. .. x 216.14 222.29

.. .. x 282.61 264.71

.. .. x 363.20 310.31

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Euro / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

5.97 14.47 x

9.64 32.42 x

36.47 74.30 x

32.81 161.32 ..

34.29 151.98 ..

33.96 160.51 171.77

46.28 148.53 194.84

54.42 175.35 234.93

46.46 247.84 282.98

Steam Coal .. .. Coking Coal 38.51 60.53 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 16.46 34.92 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas x x Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. 37.27 128.16 .. x

35.94 34.35 240.10 253.17 ..

36.77 34.62 236.77 247.09 252.67

36.28 34.27 x 254.41 254.56

.. .. x 238.62 230.07

.. .. x 312.00 273.98

.. .. x 396.99 317.98

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

0.41 0.37 .. .. 0.04

0.50 0.40 0.39 0.01 0.10

4.28 4.27 0.38 3.89 0.01

5.67 5.67 0.49 5.18 -

4.96 4.94 4.94 0.02

4.67 4.66 4.66 0.01

4.59 4.58 4.58 0.01

4.61 4.60 4.60 0.01

5.05 5.05 5.05 -

Total Exports 0.02 0.01 0.08 Hard Coal Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.02 0.01 0.08 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.260 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Portugal 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

412

398

4669

6367

5667

5344

5247

5272

5782

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

404 8 122 3 257 -

393 1 120 255 10

377 162 40 20 155 -

487 289 198 -

-

-

-

-

-

14

7

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

8 3 -

5 2 -

4292 177 1555 4

5880 343 19

5667 838 335 114 72

5344 668 73 354 225

5247 129 467 306

5272 222 378 228

5782 202 165

5 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

3 -

390 2112 54 -

2846 156 2426 90 -

1583 605 2120 -

1945 2079 -

2817 159 1369 -

2314 144 1985 1 -

2610 473 2310 22 -

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.261

Portugal 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

52.73

75.65

55.35

47.93

156.88

185.30

241.41

231.71

105.53

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

50.20 51.91 .. 58.18 56.59 .. .. .. ..

.. 73.86 .. 57.60 63.00 .. .. .. ..

51.91 56.95 .. 57.64 .. .. .. .. ..

.. 47.81 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

49.75 54.62 44.77 38.78 34.79 37.74 59.36 Imports from: Australia 49.03 .. 44.95 38.28 35.46 40.29 60.28 Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland .. .. 39.36 .. 39.19 40.36 .. United States 56.62 59.44 47.42 41.77 41.69 42.98 60.84 China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Colombia 40.26 54.07 42.91 36.64 34.65 37.09 63.88 South Africa 43.76 49.05 44.07 39.59 33.67 36.55 55.05 Former USSR(2) .. 45.19 42.86 39.24 .. .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

64.49

58.25

.. .. .. 61.53 62.53 .. 64.93 63.24 ..

.. .. .. .. 68.83 .. 58.48 56.56 ..

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.262 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Slovak Republic* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

35

120

30

100

25

80

20 60 15 40 10 20

5 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

12

12

10

10

8

8

6

6

4

4

2

2

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

35

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 14

1975

1980

Renewables

14

0 1970

1975

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 70

30

60

25

50

20

40

15

30

10

20

5

10

0 1970 Coal

1975

1980

1985

Oil

Gas

Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.263

Slovak Republic 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 22.14 29.89 30.45 Coal 11.37 11.71 11.17 Oil 7.67 10.67 6.42 Gas 2.23 4.89 7.27 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.27 0.26 0.25 Nuclear 0.09 1.68 4.48 Hydro 0.16 0.28 0.23 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) 0.35 0.41 0.64 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

25.34 6.10 4.02 8.25 0.59 6.14 0.57 -0.33 -

26.19 6.46 4.59 7.85 0.58 6.42 0.50 0.01 0.00 -0.23 0.00

26.90 6.06 4.94 8.40 0.65 6.68 0.57 0.01 0.00 -0.40 0.00

26.60 6.14 5.01 7.69 0.71 6.78 0.54 0.02 0.00 -0.29 0.00

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.89 -0.11 -1.04 7.20 -0.47 26.15 2.09 3.62 -

-0.82 -4.00 -1.73 0.97 6.56 2.69 6.20 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

14 e 16 e 19 e 20 24 26 1.63 e 1.85 e 1.63 e 1.24 1.09 1.05 Population (millions) 4.6 5.0 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.4 TPES/population(1) 4.77 6.00 5.75 4.69 4.87 4.99 TPES/GDP(2) 131.3 e 149.4 e 131.4 e 100.0 87.6 84.8 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 280.1 e 243.1 e 200.2 e 100.0 89.7 79.3 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 84.0 e 109.5 e 116.3 e 100.0 92.5 82.9 Elec. Generation (TWh) 12 20 25 31 30 31 Industrial Production(2) .. .. 107.9 100.0 124.2 129.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

28 0.96 5.4 4.94 77.5 74.3 .. 31 141.7

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.89 0.01 0.78 1.10 0.01 -1.96 1.93 4.38 -

2.12 -2.88 0.11 -0.93 -2.88 -5.99 -2.23 1.39 1.20

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

2.43 -

2.42 -

1.99 -

1.45 -

1.17 -

0.91 -

0.80 -

-1.62 -

-5.10 -

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal 5.80 5.80 4.77 3.65 2.95 2.51 2.20 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-1.63 -

-4.18 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.264 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Slovak Republic 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

15.57 5.49 5.53 2.01 0.27 1.51 0.75

20.58 5.80 7.26 4.28 0.26 2.34 0.64

22.57 5.87 7.06 5.59 0.25 2.88 0.93

16.00 2.02 4.41 5.95 0.03 2.70 0.88

16.36 1.78 4.29 5.56 0.44 0.00 2.82 1.47

16.23 1.92 4.22 5.22 0.48 0.00 2.95 1.43

16.85 1.63 4.40 6.16 0.49 0.00 2.81 1.36

2.21 0.39 1.44 6.22 -0.47 3.85 1.22

-1.93 -8.20 -3.10 0.65 4.64 -0.16 2.59

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

8.07 3.80 2.08 0.88 0.27 1.02 0.03

10.41 2.46 4.05 2.03 0.26 1.58 0.02

8.71 2.71 1.98 1.90 0.25 1.84 0.03

4.77 1.60 0.32 1.60 0.03 1.20 0.03

5.36 1.56 0.50 1.44 0.39 1.26 0.22

5.06 1.54 0.43 1.22 0.42 1.32 0.14

5.18 1.46 0.45 1.38 0.42 1.36 0.12

0.45 -1.96 -0.28 4.67 -0.47 3.53 -0.84

-3.40 -4.04 -9.45 -2.10 3.57 -2.03 10.83

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

2.43 2.36 -

1.88 1.76 -

2.10 1.96 -

2.12 2.00 -

3.00 2.24 0.67

3.16 2.22 0.86

3.46 2.51 0.86

-0.87 -1.09 -

3.38 1.68 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.08 1.04 0.02 0.30

0.12 1.73 0.29 0.03 0.67

0.14 3.21 0.62 0.05 1.56

0.12 3.69 0.08 0.02 2.35

0.00 0.09 4.06 0.12 0.01 2.30

0.00 0.09 3.81 0.15 0.01 2.12

0.01 0.07 3.63 0.07 0.01 2.02

3.65 6.88 4.98 10.10

-4.63 0.82 -13.41 -9.64 1.76

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

0.19 0.52 0.77 0.47

0.29 0.44 4.76 2.65 0.42 1.35

0.45 0.53 5.23 2.36 0.34 1.90

0.00 e 0.67 0.58 e 3.14 0.27 0.02 1.94

0.03 0.62 0.98 1.86 0.05 0.08 0.67

0.04 0.59 0.89 2.06 0.18 0.10 0.46

0.05 0.58 0.89 2.50 0.04 0.07 1.29

5.24 0.07 11.89 8.53

1.65 3.60 -4.79 -23.38 -9.86 -2.55

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.13 0.20 0.30 Heat 0.17 0.15 0.33 Non-Energy Use 0.71 0.16 2.30 Coal 0.05 0.05 Oil 0.40 0.12 2.26 Gas 0.30 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.00 0.65 0.26 e 1.97 0.05 1.93 -

0.01 0.00 0.80 0.26 1.85 0.05 1.35 0.44

0.01 0.00 0.90 0.39 1.90 0.05 1.34 0.51

0.00 0.00 0.76 0.34 1.84 0.05 1.24 0.55

5.04 3.86 7.21 10.64 -

6.44 0.20 -1.48 0.74 -3.92 -

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.265

Slovak Republic 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

2.4 8.9 -

2.4 9.0 -0.1 0.3

2.0 8.9 -0.1 0.5

1.5 5.0 -0.1 -0.2

1.2 5.4 -0.1 -0.1

0.9 5.6 -0.2 -0.2

0.8 5.5 -0.2 0.0

-1.1 -0.1 x

-5.1 -3.0 3.2 x

Primary Supply

11.4

11.7

11.2

6.1

6.5

6.1

6.1

-0.1

-4.0

Statistical Difference

-1.9

-0.1

-

0.0

0.0

-0.0

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-4.0 e

-5.2 e

-4.6 e

-3.6 e

-4.0 e

-3.8 e

..

0.9

-1.3

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-2.7 -2.7 -

-4.1 -3.5 -0.6

-3.4 -2.9 -0.5

-2.4 -2.1 -0.3

-2.6 -2.4 -0.3

-2.5 -2.2 -0.3

.. .. ..

1.2 0.3 -

-2.0 -1.7 -3.6

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-1.3 e -0.6 e -0.7 -

-1.0 e -1.0 e -0.1 -

-1.3 e -1.2 e -0.1 -

-1.2 e -1.0 e -0.2 -

-1.4 e -1.2 e -0.2 -

-1.3 e -1.3 e -0.0 -

.. .. .. .. ..

0.1 4.4 -13.0 -

0.1 0.3 -3.4 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-0.6

-0.6

-0.4

-0.5

-0.5

..

-

-1.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.1

..

x

x

5.5

5.8

5.9

2.0

1.9

1.6

..

0.4

-8.2

3.8 1.5 e -

2.5 1.0 e 0.3 0.2 0.2

2.7 1.4 e 0.3 0.2 0.2

1.6 1.0 e 0.1 0.2 0.2

1.5 1.1 e 0.0 0.2 0.1

1.5 1.0 e 0.0 0.2 0.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.0 -0.4 -

-4.0 -2.0 -15.7 -0.2 -3.8

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

1.7 -

3.3 2.7 0.3

3.1 2.4 0.6

0.4 0.3 0.1

0.3 0.2 0.1

0.1 0.0 0.1

.. .. ..

3.6 -

-19.6 -23.4 -13.4

Non-energy Use 0.0 0.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.0

0.1

0.1

..

-

0.7

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.266 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Slovak Republic 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes) 1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

3.97 2.21 2.21 1.24 1.24 -

3.04 2.03 1.77 0.26 0.84 0.58 0.00 0.13 0.02 0.11 0.17 -

2.74 1.98 1.68 0.30 0.65 0.39 0.01 0.12 0.03 0.10 0.10 -

2.06 1.33 1.12 0.21 0.68 0.36 0.20 0.11 0.01 0.05 -

2.26 1.55 1.36 0.19 0.72 0.45 0.19 0.06 0.02 -

2.30 1.60 1.41 0.19 0.66 0.44 0.15 0.06 0.02 0.03 -

2.25 1.54 1.33 0.21 0.70 0.46 0.17 0.06 0.01 0.00 -

-3.04 -0.91 -2.25 -5.27 -19.12 -

-1.33 -1.65 -1.55 -2.21 0.57 1.11 2.29 4.96 -13.01 -26.44 -

2.18 2.15 0.03 0.03 -

2.34 2.05 0.29 -

3.14 2.92 0.18 0.04 0.04 -

2.60 2.21 0.35 0.04 0.04 -

2.83 2.42 0.38 0.02 0.02 -

2.85 2.44 0.39 0.03 0.03 -

2.74 2.35 0.38 0.01 0.01 -

3.08 2.56 3.54 -

-0.90 -1.43 5.13 -8.40 -8.40 -

13.36 16.04 12.48 3.98 5.59 3.74 3.98 4.83 3.43 0.76 0.31 3.82 3.28 2.41 0.27 0.19 0.87 0.61 0.13 0.09 0.44 0.41 3.82 1.57 1.11 6.55 5.99 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

4.21 3.03 2.89 0.14 0.60 0.01 0.30 0.01 0.17 0.11 0.54 -

3.96 3.40 3.29 0.11 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.04 0.31 -

3.59 2.75 2.72 0.03 0.21 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.15 0.02 0.60 -

3.31 2.86 2.83 0.03 0.20 0.00 0.05 0.13 0.02 0.23 -

-0.57 -0.52 -1.23 -3.77 -9.77 -

-8.47 -1.78 -1.27 -15.21 -15.35 -29.44 -15.86 -7.30 -23.26 -19.46 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.267

Slovak Republic 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

4.30 51.12 44.83

4.82 51.59 53.20

8.62 88.05 77.02

.. .. 78.90

.. x 102.52

.. x 171.55

.. x 189.00

.. x 223.54

.. x 294.68

7.88 27.50 51.12 x 44.83

8.51 28.31 51.59 x 53.20

15.25 56.57 88.05 x 77.02

.. .. .. .. 78.90

.. .. x 93.97 103.29

.. .. x 125.85 171.55

.. .. x 147.41 189.00

.. .. x 162.57 223.54

.. .. x 217.55 294.68

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Slovak Crowns / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

54 1020 830

60 1020 976

135 2190 1778

.. .. 4690

.. x 5971

.. x 8108

.. x 7832

.. x 8921

.. x 11235

Steam Coal 99 106 Coking Coal 397 405 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 1020 1020 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil x x Natural Gas 830 976 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

239 1018 2190 x 1778

.. .. .. .. 4690

.. .. x 5898 6016

.. .. x 6410 8108

.. .. x 6583 7832

.. .. x 6992 8921

.. .. x 8939 11235

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

8.95 4.76 .. .. 2.91 1.28

9.03 4.42 2.22 2.20 4.22 0.39

8.85 5.30 2.97 2.33 2.96 0.60

4.95 4.50 2.58 1.92 0.31 0.14

4.86 4.38 2.76 1.62 0.32 0.16

5.32 4.65 2.82 1.83 0.37 0.30

5.42 4.86 2.83 2.02 0.29 0.28

5.57 4.97 2.74 2.23 0.33 0.26

5.55 4.62 2.85 1.77 0.41 0.51

Total Exports 0.07 0.13 0.06 0.16 0.10 0.05 Hard Coal Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite 0.06 0.13 0.00 0.00 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.01 0.06 0.16 0.10 0.05 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.21 0.21

0.22 0.22

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.268 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Slovak Republic 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

6151

5030

5866

4851

4629

4945

5183

5263

4865

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

2180 -

2330 -

3132 -

2596 901 e 669 e -

2781 1371 e 254 e -

2828 1967 384 -

2847 1671 967 60 -

2732 1586 579 290 -

2847 1782 797 206 -

2180

2330

3132

1026 e -

1156 e -

477 -

149 -

180 97 -

55 7 -

3971 -

2700 -

2734 -

2255 931 e 286 e -

1848 777 e 289 e -

2117 229 243 -

2336 233 247 -

2531 22 227 2

2018 286 319 1 -

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 3971 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

2700

2734

579 e 459 e -

474 e 308 e -

1253 386 6

1319 537 -

1968 163 149

17 1349 46 -

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.269

Spain* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

250

250

200

200

150

150

100

100

50

50

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

30

30

25

25

20

20

15

15

10

10

5

5

350

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 35

1975

1980

Renewables

35

0 1970

1975

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 400

300

350

250

300 250

200

200 150 150 100

100

50

50

0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.270 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Spain 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

TPES (Mtce) 74.84 97.97 130.10 Coal 12.90 17.75 27.56 Oil 54.83 72.36 66.36 Gas 1.35 2.08 7.10 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.02 0.38 5.81 Nuclear 2.44 1.93 20.20 Hydro 3.55 3.63 3.12 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.00 Net Electricity trade(1) -0.25 -0.17 -0.05 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

2000 178.14 29.88 92.64 21.74 5.90 23.16 3.63 e 0.01 0.63 0.55 -

2004 203.34 30.03 101.10 35.95 7.06 23.68 3.88 0.01 2.01 -0.37 -

2005

2006e

207.42 29.27 101.83 42.62 7.33 21.42 2.40 0.01 2.71 e -0.16 -

206.98 25.54 101.41 44.30 7.68 22.38 3.14 0.01 2.92 -0.40 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 3.31 4.57 1.13 10.27 40.22 13.25 -0.76 -8.81 -

3.16 0.40 2.90 12.69 1.56 0.39 -1.73 59.51 8.06 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

282 330 441 581 658 681 0.27 0.30 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.30 Population (millions) 35.0 37.7 39.0 40.3 42.7 43.4 TPES/population(1) 2.14 2.60 3.33 4.42 4.76 4.78 TPES/GDP(2) 86.5 96.8 96.2 100.0 100.8 99.3 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 88.9 104.6 121.5 100.0 88.7 83.5 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 64.5 83.8 88.0 100.0 108.1 109.6 Elec. Generation (TWh) 76 109 151 222 277 291 Industrial Production(2) 56.9 67.1 80.9 100.0 101.6 102.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

707 0.29 44.0 4.71 95.4 70.2 .. 299 106.3

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.66 0.63 0.65 2.64 0.63 1.86 1.84 4.15 2.09

2.94 0.21 0.71 2.43 0.21 -2.47 1.48 4.45 1.58

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

1.87 6.71 2.53 -

1.38 8.05 4.60 -

0.28 10.30 6.20 -

7.73 3.65 -

5.97 3.25 -

5.89 3.06 -

5.76 2.84 -

-14.69 3.64 7.76 -

-3.66 -4.60 -

Mt: Coking Coal 1.80 1.33 0.28 Steam Coal 9.59 11.51 14.33 11.32 8.91 8.55 8.35 Brown Coal 8.26 15.45 21.07 12.15 11.58 10.93 10.04 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-14.39 3.41 8.12 -

-3.39 -4.28 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.271

Spain 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

56.95 5.65 43.05 1.00 7.25 -

70.82 3.54 54.50 1.51 0.24 11.03 -

89.28 4.64 57.01 6.58 5.60 15.46 0.00

127.26 1.80 79.67 17.68 4.90 0.01 0.04 23.15 -

142.48 2.26 85.62 22.60 5.15 0.01 0.06 26.77 -

147.86 2.30 87.81 24.06 5.26 0.01 0.08 28.34 -

151.70 2.07 88.47 25.96 5.34 0.01 0.09 29.76 -

2.68 -1.15 1.67 11.69 4.55 -

3.60 -5.22 2.97 9.59 -0.32 4.46 -

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

24.72 5.18 14.30 0.58 4.66 -

27.03 3.16 16.13 0.88 0.24 6.63 -

27.69 4.21 8.21 4.86 2.64 7.77 -

35.27 1.71 8.11 13.07 1.86 0.00 10.52 -

41.15 2.15 8.65 16.60 1.92 0.00 11.83 -

42.29 2.06 8.18 17.63 1.94 0.00 12.47 -

43.49 1.80 7.85 18.97 1.96 0.00 12.90 -

0.67 -1.22 -3.21 13.30 3.05 -

3.06 -5.49 -0.30 9.51 -1.98 3.44 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

17.07 0.02 16.87 -

23.21 0.01 22.96 -

32.62 32.17 -

47.96 47.33 0.01

53.32 52.41 -

55.87 54.90 -

57.70 56.67 -

3.88 3.87 -

3.88 3.85 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.18 5.26 0.44 3.15 0.33

0.23 7.44 0.37 4.18 0.48

0.45 13.20 0.40 5.22 0.91

0.10 0.51 17.10 0.06 5.91 2.88

0.27 0.63 19.82 0.09 5.93 4.23

0.33 0.64 20.98 0.19 6.38 4.33

0.37 0.66 21.65 0.23 6.23 4.55

5.60 5.57 -0.63 3.02 6.11

2.56 3.35 -3.71 1.19 11.34

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

1.33 1.97 0.96 0.09

2.40 3.12 1.47 0.15

2.96 3.71 0.00 4.90 0.02 1.52 0.27

2.85 0.04 6.66 .. 10.23 2.85 0.25

2.88 0.05 7.13 .. 11.10 3.09 0.46

2.89 0.06 7.69 e .. 12.06 3.10 1.01

6.21 5.51 2.72 6.69

-0.16 4.98 6.19 4.87 9.10

0.08 0.00 0.02 7.03 .. 13.47 12.79 0.67

0.08 0.00 0.02 7.45 .. 12.54 11.91 0.63

0.09 0.00 0.03 7.84 e .. 12.05 11.37 0.69

7.39 3.32 2.92 -

6.42 2.39 2.43 1.67

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.92 1.50 3.08 Heat Non-Energy Use 4.86 6.65 8.46 Coal Oil 4.86 6.65 7.93 Gas 0.53 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

2.85 0.03 5.36 .. 9.61 0.03 e 2.45 0.90 0.07 0.00 0.01 6.15 .. 13.60 12.92 0.68

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.272 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Spain 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

9.3 3.1 -0.0 0.6

14.0 5.9 -0.0 -2.2

16.8 10.2 -0.0 0.7

11.4 19.1 -0.8 0.2

9.2 21.2 -1.0 0.6

8.9 21.2 -0.6 -0.2

8.6 20.4 -1.1 -2.3

3.6 7.3 10.0 x

-4.1 5.0 19.1 x

Primary Supply

12.9

17.8

27.6

29.9

30.0

29.3

25.5

4.6

0.4

1.2

0.0

-0.1

0.5

-0.3

0.4

..

x

x

Statistical Difference Total Transformation

-7.8 e

-13.4 e

-22.3 e

-28.2 e

-27.0 e

-26.9 e

..

6.4

1.3

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-4.3 -4.3 -

-11.2 -11.1 -0.1

-20.3 -20.1 -0.2

-26.6 -26.3 -0.3

-25.7 e -25.6 e -0.1 e

-25.7 e -25.5 e -0.2 e

.. .. ..

9.5 9.5 -

1.6 1.6 -0.3

-

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

..

-

-

-2.2 e -1.8 e -0.4 0.0

-2.0 e -1.4 e -0.6 0.0

-1.5 e -1.0 e -0.6 -

-1.3 e -0.9 e -0.4 -

-1.2 e -0.9 e -0.3 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-3.3 -3.4 -3.2 -

-3.2 -2.7 -4.6 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-3.5 e -2.5 e -1.0 -0.0 -

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.7

-0.8

-0.5

-0.4

-0.4

-0.6

..

-1.7

1.7

-

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

..

x

x

5.7

3.5

4.6

1.8

2.3

2.1

..

-1.2

-5.2

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

5.2 3.2 e 0.4 -

3.2 2.4 e 0.3 0.3 0.0

4.2 2.1 e 0.2 1.6 0.0

1.7 1.1 e 0.1 0.4 -

2.1 1.4 e 0.4 0.1 -

1.8 1.2 e 0.2 0.1 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.2 -2.5 -3.8 -

-5.5 -3.4 0.4 -14.9 -

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.4 0.4

0.4 0.4

0.4 0.0 0.4

0.2 0.2

0.3 0.2

.. .. ..

-0.2 -0.6

-3.1 -3.7

-

-

..

-

-

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

-

0.1 0.0 e 0.1 -

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.273

Spain 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

8.33 6.82 6.69 0.13 0.06 0.30 0.75 0.31 0.20 0.17 0.00 0.08 0.35 -

11.12 9.50 9.43 0.06 0.06 0.25 0.01 0.90 0.21 0.26 0.35 0.02 0.06 0.40 -

21.59 18.87 18.79 0.08 0.01 0.02 2.25 0.30 0.10 1.77 0.03 0.05 0.51 -

29.25 28.11 27.92 0.19 0.54 0.67 0.14 0.06 0.47 0.12 -

27.88 26.45 26.35 0.10 0.35 0.76 0.19 0.26 0.21 0.10 0.12 -

30.08 28.16 28.06 0.09 0.41 0.75 0.24 0.26 0.15 0.10 0.22 -

29.49 27.87 27.79 0.08 0.49 0.75 0.22 0.25 0.18 0.10 0.25 -

8.26 8.85 8.99 -4.23 -18.93 -18.94 9.56 -0.16 -5.73 21.76 25.32 -3.32 3.29 -

2.10 2.63 2.64 0.17 -7.10 -1.93 6.24 -14.31 4.73 -4.63 -

4.86 4.86 -

5.41 4.99 -

4.46 4.46 -

3.56 3.64 -

3.60 3.61 -

3.90 3.90 -

3.46 3.60 -

-0.73 -0.73 -

-1.67 -1.41 -

8.16 14.69 20.78 8.09 14.58 20.63 8.09 14.58 20.63 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.04 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

12.85 12.91 12.91 -

11.40 11.39 11.39 -

11.82 11.93 11.93 -

11.55 11.43 11.43 -

8.10 8.12 8.12 7.64 4.66 -6.53 1.09 -

-3.84 -3.86 -3.86 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.274 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Spain 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

42.60 65.54 60.18

69.75 125.39 127.62

.. 106.42 118.39

.. 169.30 128.33

.. 164.87 ..

.. 201.33 ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. 68.57 65.54 .. 100.39

.. 103.43 117.59 .. 172.12

.. c 106.42 .. 127.20

.. c 138.84 169.30 136.41

.. c 137.38 164.87 128.71

.. c 171.95 201.61 158.66

.. c .. 204.12 167.70

.. c .. 278.37 197.69

.. c .. 323.08 276.03

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Euro / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

15.43 40.57 35.67

23.62 72.57 70.72

.. 87.60 93.31

.. 246.67 179.02

.. 234.90 ..

.. 239.27 ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

Steam Coal .. .. Coking Coal 32.38 45.66 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 40.57 68.06 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 59.50 95.38 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. c 87.60 .. 100.25

.. c 202.29 246.67 190.29

.. c 195.74 234.90 175.58

.. c 204.36 239.60 180.53

.. c .. 220.65 173.57

.. c .. 300.92 204.61

.. c .. 345.77 282.85

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

3.08 2.60 .. .. 0.01 0.47

5.92 5.35 4.23 1.12 0.00 0.57

10.16 9.76 4.29 5.48 0.00 0.39

19.07 18.93 3.84 15.09 0.14

21.16 20.95 3.43 17.52 0.21

18.95 18.73 3.55 15.18 0.23

21.22 21.04 4.14 16.90 0.18

21.20 21.06 3.66 17.40 0.14

20.36 20.20 3.71 16.49 0.16

Total Exports 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.77 0.65 0.78 1.02 Hard Coal 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.01 0.00 0.01 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.77 0.64 0.78 1.02 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.63 0.63

1.08 1.08

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.275

Spain 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

3376

5678

10455

21649

24514

21552

24473

24756

23704

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

3029 454 68 395 1369 743 -

4074 636 47 60 999 2300 -

4169 672 364 234 2899 -

3755 1388 383 1912 -

3425 1570 332 144 1196 -

3321 1883 200 1092 -

4043 2155 230 114 1318 -

3571 1682 285 99 1273 -

3622 1969 234 151 976 -

-

32

-

72 -

71 69 43 -

146 -

70 19 137 -

178 54 -

291 1 -

347 12 21

1604 714 15

6286 271 43 16 153 275 89

17894 1627 102 313 27 585 36

21089 2151 103 96 708 37

18231 1922 98 24 387 65

20430 1108 99 28 22 689 46

21185 1433 16 169 28 4 227 12

20082 1579 102 45 16 446 19

114 196 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 4 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

72 713 90 -

404 4667 285 53 30

191 1112 2804 9180 1496 32 389 -

1622 3152 10696 2368 97 21 12 26

1478 3300 8835 1926 171 25 -

73 972 3521 10176 3148 483 15 40 10

47 1938 3784 8736 4235 450 91 15 -

3 1534 4022 8213 3609 225 153 110 6

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.276 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Spain 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

54.09

62.38

58.59

52.32

57.10

60.44

79.30

116.50

134.81

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

47.61 .. .. 56.08 56.16 .. .. .. ..

59.85 .. .. 59.09 63.21 .. .. .. ..

52.80 57.34 .. 51.07 61.65 .. .. .. ..

50.33 59.28 .. 45.16 56.49 55.08 .. .. ..

55.95 56.12 .. 55.25 61.34 59.78 .. 28.36 60.54

58.00 61.03 .. .. 64.22 62.82 .. .. ..

68.83 79.64 .. 129.88 86.28 57.80 .. 72.04 145.89

110.07 141.45 .. 135.89 116.42 137.51 .. .. ..

137.79 142.24 .. 123.25 128.18 136.71 2611.31 .. ..

37.85 44.74 43.24 37.30 34.80 36.73 55.89 Imports from: Australia 41.82 52.89 50.56 38.32 37.98 36.99 57.79 Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland .. 102.86 .. 41.37 43.39 70.79 91.49 United States 91.78 44.32 38.79 36.61 33.76 37.31 49.58 China 34.40 .. .. 39.68 .. .. .. Colombia 37.52 48.08 46.44 37.77 35.86 40.52 63.98 South Africa 36.98 43.00 44.04 38.28 35.09 34.57 55.69 Former USSR(2) 38.17 42.90 46.33 40.52 33.97 42.05 70.46 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

62.94

60.66

93.53 64.94 .. 114.05 46.84 93.42 63.06 65.12 65.99

97.90 377.69 .. 114.72 60.43 .. 61.96 61.65 64.82

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.277

Sweden* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

80

180

70

160 140

60

120

50

100 40

80

30

60

20

40

10

20

0 1970

1975

1980

Coal

Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

0 1970

2005

1975

1980

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

6

5

5

4

4 3 3 2 2 1

1 0 1970

180

1975

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0 1970

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 100

160

90

140

80

120

70 60

100

50

80

40 60

30

40

20

20

10

0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.278 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Sweden 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 56.18 58.22 67.95 Coal 2.33 2.44 4.22 Oil 40.55 32.72 20.96 Gas 0.82 Comb. Renew/Waste 5.06 5.90 7.87 Nuclear 0.79 9.86 25.38 Hydro 7.36 7.23 8.91 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.01 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.09 0.07 -0.22 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

68.88 3.50 20.33 1.11 11.80 21.34 9.65 0.06 0.57 0.51

75.97 4.21 22.07 1.26 11.88 28.85 7.39 0.11 -0.26 0.46

74.53 3.75 21.24 1.20 12.82 26.95 8.94 0.12 -0.91 0.42

73.31 3.88 20.59 1.26 13.80 24.94 7.57 0.13 0.74 0.40

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.13 3.57 -3.81 2.63 22.68 1.13 -

0.62 -0.79 0.09 2.56 3.31 0.40 0.03 23.39 10.01 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

142 161 200 242 264 272 0.40 0.36 0.34 0.28 0.29 0.27 Population (millions) 8.1 8.3 8.6 8.9 9.0 9.0 TPES/population(1) 6.90 7.01 7.94 7.76 8.45 8.25 TPES/GDP(2) 138.9 127.3 119.6 100.0 101.0 96.3 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 113.3 105.0 146.4 100.0 110.1 95.4 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 91.6 99.4 113.4 100.0 92.8 90.4 Elec. Generation (TWh) 78 96 146 145 152 158 Industrial Production(2) 51.9 51.7 69.1 100.0 105.4 107.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

284 0.26 9.1 8.09 90.7 94.5 .. 143 ..

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.02 -0.88 0.30 0.83 -0.88 1.52 1.26 3.75 1.70

2.08 -1.43 0.36 0.26 -1.43 -2.82 -1.50 0.54 2.98

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

0.01 -

0.02 0.00

0.01 0.33

0.33

0.54

0.43

0.42

-7.59 -

1.75

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal 0.02 0.02 0.01 Brown Coal Peat 0.00 0.83 0.77 1.28 1.01 0.98 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-3.07 -

1.33

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.279

Sweden 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

50.40 1.33 35.48 0.15 4.94 8.50 -

50.07 1.21 29.45 0.11 5.51 10.43 3.37

46.77 1.49 20.91 0.52 6.62 0.00 14.79 2.44

51.80 1.05 21.62 0.68 7.55 0.01 15.81 5.07

50.94 1.33 20.77 0.76 6.36 0.01 15.90 5.80

50.84 1.42 20.40 0.74 6.42 0.01 16.02 5.84

50.32 1.30 19.50 0.75 6.75 0.01 16.06 5.96

-0.44 0.70 -3.06 7.49 1.74 3.31 -

0.49 -0.91 -0.47 2.49 0.13 4.21 0.55 6.15

19.02 1.20 8.75 0.02 4.19 4.86 -

17.12 1.12 6.69 0.01 4.32 4.98 -

16.98 1.37 3.13 0.37 5.25 6.63 0.24

19.61 1.03 4.47 0.44 6.19 7.00 0.49

17.47 1.31 3.26 0.48 4.98 6.89 0.54

17.53 1.39 3.18 0.46 4.89 7.03 0.58

17.07 1.29 2.64 0.46 5.07 7.07 0.54

-0.66 0.77 -5.86 20.26 1.33 1.84 -

0.04 -0.41 -1.13 1.53 -0.23 0.43 5.65

7.85 7.60 -

8.73 0.00 8.45 -

10.60 10.29 -

11.78 11.37 0.01

11.77 11.29 0.02

12.23 11.64 0.02

12.40 11.82 0.02

1.78 1.80 -

1.05 0.93 -

0.26 15.53 0.07 12.65 0.14

0.28 14.07 0.02 9.65 0.07

0.30 9.38 2.23 0.07

0.39 10.44 1.27 0.15

0.11 0.35 10.56 1.03 0.10

0.20 0.37 10.22 0.73 0.10

0.21 0.35 10.44 0.60 0.10

1.03 -2.92 -9.70 -3.61

0.87 0.72 -8.34 2.21

0.74 1.93 1.41 0.05 -

1.18 3.16 1.93 0.00 0.02 0.03

0.90 0.00 4.68 1.49 5.75 1.96 0.06

0.88 0.01 5.16 2.97 6.31 1.52 0.05

0.83 0.01 5.16 3.44 6.86 1.54 0.13

0.82 0.01 5.08 3.48 6.52 1.15 0.13

0.90 0.01 5.24 3.59 6.15 0.90 0.14

1.15 5.34 8.61 24.84 -

-0.03 4.21 0.76 6.03 0.45 -5.09 5.55

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.01 0.02 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 1.37 1.87 2.99 Heat 0.71 Non-Energy Use 3.16 2.27 2.81 Coal 0.06 0.06 0.06 Oil 3.10 2.21 2.75 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.02 3.12 1.60 2.50 0.02 2.48 -

0.03 3.35 1.81 3.07 0.02 3.05 -

0.08 3.39 1.77 3.16 0.02 3.14 -

0.09 3.21 1.82 3.09 0.01 3.07 -

4.72 -0.69 0.32 -0.72 -

8.73 0.47 6.50 0.64 -9.15 0.75 -

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which: Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Total Transport Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.280 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Sweden 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

0.0 2.4 -0.0 -0.1

0.0 2.5 -0.1 0.0

0.3 3.7 -0.0 0.2

0.3 3.4 -0.0 -0.2

0.5 3.6 -0.0 0.1

0.4 3.5 -0.0 -0.2

0.4 3.3 -0.0 0.2

22.0 2.5 3.5 x

1.6 -0.3 -0.5 x

Primary Supply

2.3

2.4

4.2

3.5

4.2

3.7

3.9

3.6

-0.8

Statistical Difference

-

-

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.2

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-0.9 e

-1.0 e

-2.5 e

-2.4 e

-2.7 e

-2.5 e

..

6.4

-0.2

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-0.1 -0.1 -

-0.1 -0.1 -0.0

-1.6 -1.6 -0.0

-1.1 -1.0 -0.1

-1.5 -1.4 -0.1

-1.3 -1.1 -0.1

.. .. ..

19.7 19.6 -

-1.7 -2.2 15.4

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.8 e -0.8 e -0.0 -

-0.9 e -0.7 e -0.2 -

-0.9 e -0.7 e -0.2 -

-1.2 e -0.8 e -0.4 -

-1.1 e -0.9 e -0.2 -

-1.2 e -0.9 e -0.3 -

.. .. .. .. ..

0.7 -0.8 11.2 -

1.8 2.2 0.6 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3) Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6)

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.1 e

-

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

..

3.8

0.8

-0.1 e

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.0

..

x

x

1.3

1.2

1.5

1.1

1.4

1.3

..

0.7

-0.9

1.2 0.7 e 0.0 0.3 0.0

1.1 0.6 e 0.0 0.2 0.0

1.4 0.6 e 0.0 0.4 0.1

1.0 0.5 e 0.0 0.3 0.0

1.4 0.9 e 0.0 0.3 0.0

1.3 0.8 e 0.0 0.2 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

0.8 -1.4 10.1 2.8 20.8

-0.4 2.3 -9.2 -3.3 -7.0

-

0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.1 -

-

-

-

.. .. ..

-0.5 -

-

Non-energy Use 0.1 0.1 0.1 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

0.3

-9.1

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.281

Sweden 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

0.34 0.02 0.02 0.30 0.02 0.01 0.19 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.03

0.48 0.09 0.08 0.00 0.33 0.03 0.04 0.21 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.05

2.19 1.19 1.17 0.01 0.18 0.74 0.05 0.03 0.39 0.10 0.18 0.02

1.09 0.50 0.49 0.01 0.27 0.50 0.04 0.25 0.03 0.17 -

1.19 0.69 0.67 0.02 0.36 0.52 0.13 0.20 0.01 0.18 -

1.54 0.60 0.60 0.00 0.42 0.60 0.14 0.25 0.03 0.18 -

1.22 0.42 0.42 0.00 0.42 0.57 0.11 0.25 0.04 0.18 -

16.72 43.16 43.02 7.88 6.32 9.89 6.43 33.48 7.07 -3.02

-3.82 -6.63 -6.61 -8.01 5.68 -1.77 5.62 -3.04 -6.51 0.04 -

1.23 1.23 -

1.65 1.65 -

1.52 1.52 -

1.77 1.77 -

1.74 1.74 -

1.79 1.79 -

1.85 1.85 -

1.77 1.77 -

1.33 1.33 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.282 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Sweden 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

50.00 67.15 ..

91.90 145.18 ..

.. 77.87 ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

77.55 64.11 80.71 .. ..

93.41 72.84 171.39 .. ..

92.56 .. x 270.45 ..

.. .. x 320.71 ..

.. .. x 350.05 ..

.. .. x 456.54 ..

.. .. x 554.94 ..

.. .. x 623.71 ..

.. .. x 680.40 ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Swedish Crowns / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

215 416 ..

370 842 ..

.. 632 ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

Steam Coal 321 362 Coking Coal 267 284 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 500 994 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

502 .. x 2195 ..

.. .. x 4029 ..

.. .. x 4667 ..

.. .. x 5058 ..

.. .. x 5591 ..

.. .. x 6391 ..

.. .. x 6880 ..

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

2.42 0.98 .. .. 1.44

2.51 2.08 1.74 0.34 0.44

3.71 3.40 1.35 2.05 0.00 0.31

3.37 3.05 1.86 1.19 0.32

3.28 2.73 1.72 1.01 0.55

3.62 3.15 1.84 1.31 0.47

3.62 3.14 1.84 1.29 0.48

3.55 3.17 2.00 1.17 0.38

3.25 3.04 2.10 0.94 0.21

Total Exports 0.02 0.11 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.06 0.04 Hard Coal 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.01 0.11 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.06 0.03 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.04 0.00 0.00 0.04

0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.283

Sweden 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

1545

2182

3543

3092

2760

3195

3186

3203

3056

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

1239 78 99 231 71 5 338 -

1790 159 123 1 1105 -

1315 449 e 102 e 764 e -

1814 990 54 570 -

1679 1037 319 -

1796 1172 346 -

1802 1350 426 -

1955 1000 22 462 1

2052 1246 133 352 -

417 -

402 -

-

200 -

283 40

258 20

26 -

470 -

1 320 -

306 8 42 174 30 -

392 6 28 11 171 31 58 14

2228 187 1 6 7 732 103 117 8

1278 83 698 15 25 16

1081 48 358 21 -

1399 36 570 5 23

1384 122 4 372 2 5

1248 370 3 127 2 30 23

1004 111 28 126 9 5 29

52 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

73 -

8 108 573 375 3

120 271 50 -

83 250 224 97 -

174 503 88 -

458 320 101 -

377 263 53 -

442 254 -

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

e e e e e e e e e e

e e

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.284 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Sweden 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

..

..

60.87

49.85

62.47

66.28

75.53

94.31

57.76

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

65.10 .. .. 55.47 61.89 .. .. .. 47.54

.. .. .. 54.32 .. .. .. .. 33.03

.. .. .. 65.53 .. .. .. .. 40.55

.. .. .. 67.15 .. .. .. .. 49.23

.. .. .. 75.73 .. .. .. .. 70.63

.. .. .. 96.64 .. .. .. .. 65.37

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 57.76

.. .. 55.37 59.04 55.09 58.30 86.28 Imports from: Australia .. .. 67.27 62.57 65.36 69.86 107.17 Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland .. .. 48.74 49.48 44.84 48.35 55.59 United States .. .. 66.14 66.71 67.14 66.68 90.11 China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Colombia .. .. 53.77 52.52 47.51 .. .. South Africa .. .. 61.06 .. .. 50.79 .. Former USSR(2) .. .. 43.13 41.53 41.25 45.12 61.97 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

111.18

117.43

152.75 .. .. 75.95 91.28 .. .. .. 74.35

151.35 .. .. 71.82 124.76 .. .. .. 78.65

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.285

Switzerland* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

45

120

40 100 35 80

30 25

60

20 40

15 10

20

5 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

1975

1980

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

1.2

0.9 0.8

1.0 0.7 0.8

0.6 0.5

0.6 0.4 0.4

0.3 0.2

0.2 0.1 0.0 1970

1975 1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

2005

0.0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

80

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 50 45

70

40

60

35 50

30

40

25

30

20 15

20

10 10

5

0 1970 Coal

1975

1980

1985

Oil

Gas

Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.286 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Switzerland 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 28.18 29.80 35.70 Coal 0.47 0.47 0.51 Oil 21.80 19.05 19.22 Gas 0.21 1.24 2.33 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.34 0.67 1.31 Nuclear 2.35 5.35 8.83 Hydro 3.43 4.03 3.66 Geothermal 0.09 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.01 Net Electricity trade(1) -0.43 -1.01 -0.26 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

37.37 0.20 18.18 3.48 1.81 9.88 4.53 0.13 0.04 -0.87 -

38.76 0.19 17.90 3.87 2.45 10.08 4.15 0.18 0.04 -0.09 -

38.79 0.22 18.27 3.97 2.75 8.73 3.84 0.20 0.04 0.78 -

40.48 0.22 18.75 3.86 2.84 10.40 3.80 0.22 0.04 0.33 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.40 0.55 -0.74 15.08 8.15 8.10 0.39 -2.94 -

0.55 -5.45 -0.34 3.62 5.08 -0.08 0.31 5.55 8.82 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

174 178 222 246 255 260 0.16 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 Population (millions) 6.4 6.4 6.8 7.2 7.5 7.5 TPES/population(1) 4.37 4.67 5.25 5.18 5.20 5.17 TPES/GDP(2) 106.4 110.1 106.0 100.0 100.2 98.4 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 336.2 328.7 289.9 100.0 94.2 106.8 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 78.2 92.9 99.5 100.0 103.6 103.8 Elec. Generation (TWh) 37 48 55 66 64 58 Industrial Production(2) 64.3 64.9 79.1 100.0 98.4 101.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

267 0.15 7.5 5.40 100.0 104.7 .. 62 108.8

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.43 -0.02 0.32 1.08 -0.02 -0.87 1.43 2.39 1.23

1.06 -0.50 0.66 -0.11 -0.50 -6.44 0.28 0.33 1.64

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.287

Switzerland 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

25.09 0.41 20.43 0.34 0.34 3.56 -

25.02 0.45 18.49 1.03 0.46 4.33 0.27

28.15 0.50 18.35 2.20 0.87 0.09 0.01 5.77 0.36

30.35 0.20 18.74 3.26 1.09 0.13 0.03 6.43 0.45

30.98 0.20 18.42 3.54 1.34 0.17 0.03 6.77 0.50

31.48 0.19 18.34 3.66 1.66 0.18 0.03 6.90 0.52

32.17 0.22 18.41 3.77 1.95 0.20 0.04 7.04 0.55

0.68 1.07 -0.63 11.65 5.63 2.88 -

0.89 -5.22 0.02 3.65 5.47 5.55 8.26 1.34 2.90

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

5.75 0.11 4.20 0.07 1.36 -

5.58 0.32 3.08 0.51 0.17 1.46 0.04

4.80 0.47 1.08 0.84 0.22 2.12 0.07

5.53 0.18 1.26 1.08 0.58 0.01 0.00 2.22 0.19

5.63 0.19 1.27 1.12 0.59 0.01 0.00 2.25 0.21

5.76 0.18 1.27 1.16 0.64 0.01 0.00 2.29 0.20

5.87 0.19 1.24 1.19 0.71 0.01 0.00 2.32 0.22

-1.05 8.90 -7.68 15.55 2.64 -

1.35 -5.91 0.90 2.33 7.97 0.61 8.08

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

6.13 5.88 -

6.39 6.13 -

8.99 8.67 -

10.76 10.44 -

10.18 9.82 -

10.14 9.77 -

10.21 9.84 -

2.28 2.31 -

0.86 0.84 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.25 1.81 0.30 0.27

0.26 7.81 0.13 5.73 0.39

0.32 7.55 0.02 4.83 0.87

0.32 8.01 0.01 4.24 1.23

0.37 8.61 0.01 4.50 1.37

0.00 0.36 8.68 0.01 4.46 1.41

0.01 0.37 8.98 0.03 4.51 1.45

1.42 8.76 -14.68 7.22

0.99 1.16 3.35 -0.47 3.48

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

0.34 0.90 1.03 -

0.25 1.24 0.07 3.86 2.25 0.13

1.67 0.15 4.83 0.00 2.68 0.42

0.31 0.10 0.02 1.93 0.16 4.67 1.83 0.72

0.35 0.13 0.01 2.05 0.18 5.11 1.86 0.76

0.36 0.14 0.02 2.10 0.19 5.37 1.79 0.78

0.45 0.16 0.02 2.17 0.20 5.55 1.79 0.80

3.72 9.54 -

1.74 1.86 0.94 -2.63 4.39

0.16 e 0.02 0.00 1.83 0.10 0.82 0.82 -

0.36 e 0.02 0.00 1.98 0.12 0.76 0.76 -

0.62 0.02 0.00 2.02 0.14 0.80 0.80 -

0.73 0.02 0.00 2.06 0.13 0.79 0.79 -

2.49 -1.78 -1.81 -

23.59 1.90 -0.32 -0.04 0.00 -

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.03 e Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 1.03 1.33 1.56 Heat 0.16 0.14 Non-Energy Use 1.08 0.89 0.80 Coal 0.00 0.00 Oil 1.08 0.89 0.79 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.288 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Switzerland 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

0.3 -0.0 0.2

0.7 -0.3

0.5 -0.0 0.0

0.3 -0.1

0.2 -

0.1 0.1

0.2 -0.0 -0.0

2.2 -5.2 x

-8.0 x

Primary Supply

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.5

-5.5

Statistical Difference

-

-

0.0

-

-

-

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

..

-2.8

-

-

-0.0 -0.0 -0.0

-0.0 -0.0 -0.0

-

-

-

.. .. ..

-

-

-0.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.. .. .. .. ..

-

-

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.2

0.2

0.2

..

1.1

-5.2

0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.3 0.0 0.2 0.0

0.5 0.0 0.4 0.0

0.2 0.2 -

0.2 0.2 -

0.2 0.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

8.9 -7.5 19.4 3.7

-5.9 -5.5 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.3 0.3

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

.. .. ..

-14.4 -14.7

3.0 3.4

Non-energy Use 0.0 0.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.289

Switzerland 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

0.15 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.01 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02

0.32 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.28 0.03 0.18 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.00

0.48 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.46 0.01 0.40 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00

0.17 0.17 0.16 0.01 -

0.18 0.18 0.17 0.02 -

0.18 0.18 0.17 0.01 -

0.18 0.18 0.18 0.01 -

10.26 12.70 26.63 13.55 -6.82 19.33 6.70 -4.17 -15.46 -12.55

-6.24 -5.89 -5.33 -3.53 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.290 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Switzerland 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

68.83 .. 82.09 .. 153.69

95.71 127.62 152.84 .. 191.15

72.44 x 118.75 .. 182.83

60.13 x x 139.44 173.39

61.63 x x 129.63 217.15

75.25 x x 161.42 249.12

110.05 x x 152.81 274.01

109.84 x x 224.36 312.63

111.27 x x 253.87 379.30

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Swiss Francs / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

Steam Coal 105.5 137.5 Coking Coal .. 220.0 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 201.3 351.3 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 353.3 411.9 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

86.3 x 226.2 .. 326.5

87.0 x x 322.8 376.3

82.3 x x 276.8 434.7

86.8 x x 297.8 430.8

117.3 x x 260.5 437.9

117.5 x x 384.0 501.6

119.5 x x 436.3 611.1

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

0.34 0.13 .. .. 0.21

0.72 0.55 0.55 0.17

0.50 0.46 0.46 0.03

0.27 0.24 0.24 0.03

0.15 0.12 0.12 0.03

0.11 0.08 0.08 0.03

0.19 0.17 0.17 0.02

0.14 0.10 0.10 0.05

0.23 0.15 0.15 0.09

Total Exports 0.03 0.01 Hard Coal 0.00 0.01 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.01 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.03 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-

0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.291

Switzerland 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

141

574

482

250

122

85

177

100

152

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

141 14 79 8 17

574 11 124 53 17 31

482 55 1 6

250 12 2

122 6 1

85 3 2

177 8 2

100 4 2

152 5 1

23 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

337 1

420 -

234 2 -

111 3 1 -

76 3 1 -

163 3 1 -

91 3 -

142 4 -

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.292 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Turkey* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

140

350

120

300

100

250

80

200

60

150

40

100

20

50

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

30

30

25

25

20

20

15

15

10

10

5

5

180

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 35

1975

1980

Renewables

35

0 1970

1975

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 250

160 200

140 120

150

100 80

100 60 40

50

20 0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.293

Turkey 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 34.81 45.02 75.67 Coal 7.36 9.98 24.15 Oil 17.85 22.42 33.73 Gas 4.08 Comb. Renew/Waste 9.22 10.97 10.29 Nuclear Hydro 0.32 1.39 2.84 Geothermal 0.07 0.09 0.62 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.04 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.16 -0.09 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

110.04 32.72 44.40 18.05 9.30 3.79 0.98 0.38 0.41 -

117.01 31.97 42.99 26.72 7.94 5.66 1.27 0.54 -0.08 -

121.72 32.10 42.71 32.55 7.65 4.86 1.44 0.56 -0.14 -

122.31 29.89 40.60 37.09 7.39 5.43 1.51 0.59 -0.20 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 4.67 7.24 3.81 0.65 13.72 13.75 -

3.22 1.91 1.59 14.85 -1.96 3.64 5.78 19.20 3.14 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

66 84 140 199 229 246 0.52 0.53 0.54 0.55 0.51 0.49 Population (millions) 38.1 44.4 56.2 67.5 71.8 72.1 TPES/population(1) 0.91 1.01 1.35 1.63 1.63 1.69 TPES/GDP(2) 95.0 96.6 97.7 100.0 92.4 89.5 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 67.5 72.1 104.9 100.0 84.9 79.4 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 31.1 48.1 66.6 100.0 108.4 108.6 Elec. Generation (TWh) 12 23 58 125 151 162 Industrial Production(2) .. .. 70.5 100.0 119.3 125.7 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

261 0.47 73.3 1.67 84.8 69.7 .. 176 133.1

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 4.50 0.16 2.32 2.30 0.16 2.63 4.59 9.44 -

3.83 -0.58 1.67 1.52 -0.58 -1.84 3.31 7.14 3.93

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

2.58 1.16 5.55 -

2.12 1.01 5.65 -

2.03 0.89 14.76 -

0.71 0.80 16.32 -

0.67 0.87 13.50 -

0.65 1.04 13.28 -

0.93 1.58 14.47 -

-2.00 -2.20 8.49 -

-7.32 1.09 -0.70 -

Mt: Coking Coal 2.96 2.44 1.82 0.74 0.66 0.65 0.93 Steam Coal 1.33 1.16 0.92 1.66 1.28 1.52 2.30 Brown Coal 15.12 15.03 44.68 60.88 44.43 56.17 61.64 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-3.97 -3.02 9.45 -

-6.67 3.41 1.54 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.294 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Turkey 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

28.61 4.18 13.86 0.06 9.22 0.07 1.22 -

37.90 5.95 18.44 0.06 10.97 0.09 2.40 -

57.97 10.74 29.82 1.03 10.29 0.52 0.04 5.52 -

84.05 15.49 38.73 7.01 9.22 0.88 0.37 11.78 0.55

88.54 15.63 38.07 10.93 8.21 1.12 0.50 13.56 0.52

92.27 16.30 38.97 12.07 7.90 1.16 0.54 14.70 0.64

95.69 15.34 39.50 14.35 7.60 1.32 0.55 15.80 1.21

4.24 5.70 4.61 18.63 0.65 12.60 9.29 -

3.40 2.41 1.89 19.17 -2.00 6.41 19.09 7.26 -

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

5.32 1.63 2.90 0.00 0.79 -

9.38 3.09 4.78 0.00 1.49 -

15.60 6.43 5.09 0.71 0.01 3.36 -

28.26 12.61 6.91 2.38 0.14 5.66 0.55

30.26 12.67 7.08 3.22 0.17 6.60 0.52

30.86 12.86 6.56 3.50 0.17 7.13 0.64

30.69 11.81 6.17 3.87 0.17 7.45 1.21

6.53 8.42 3.37 34.90 8.88 -

4.61 4.14 1.29 11.99 19.85 5.46 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

6.41 0.75 5.65 -

8.03 0.26 7.75 -

13.68 0.02 13.62 -

17.90 0.00 17.75 0.06

18.50 18.34 0.08

18.92 18.68 0.15

19.71 19.47 0.15

4.56 -18.90 5.31 -

2.47 2.41 -

0.01 14.44 1.81 3.13 0.05

0.02 17.49 2.59 3.37 0.05

0.04 20.84 4.29 4.53 0.07

0.09 25.26 2.88 5.26 3.85

0.09 25.10 2.96 4.06 5.32

0.09 25.93 3.44 4.11 5.57

0.09 27.70 3.53 4.23 6.83

7.56 2.18 5.21 2.20 2.62

5.31 1.91 -1.28 -0.46 35.21

9.22 0.07 0.17 0.45 0.23 0.00

10.97 0.09 0.43 0.44 0.01

10.29 0.52 0.03 1.11 0.91 0.00

9.22 0.88 0.24 2.93 3.31 0.60

8.21 1.12 0.33 3.10 5.09 1.77

7.90 1.16 0.36 3.39 5.85 2.25

7.60 1.32 0.38 3.80 6.76 2.80

0.65 12.60 11.65 4.25 -9.07

-2.00 6.41 18.77 8.53 14.30 70.70

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.22 0.44 0.91 Heat Non-Energy Use 0.82 1.21 4.07 Coal Oil 0.82 1.21 3.82 Gas 0.25 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

2.71 5.09 4.96 0.13

3.33 5.35 4.80 0.55

3.60 5.97 5.36 0.61

3.95 6.04 5.34 0.69

8.81 9.91 9.50 -

10.29 2.66 2.26 7.01

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.295

Turkey 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

7.4 0.0 -0.1

8.8 0.8 -0.1 0.4

17.7 6.0 0.5

17.8 13.3 1.6

15.0 16.0 0.9

15.0 16.7 0.4

17.0 12.9 0.1

5.2 42.3 x

-1.1 7.1 x

Primary Supply

7.4

10.0

24.2

32.7

32.0

32.1

29.9

7.2

1.9

Statistical Difference

-

-0.2

-1.7

0.2

0.1

0.3

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-2.9 e

-3.5 e

-11.3 e

-17.0 e

-15.3 e

-16.5 e

..

8.3

2.6

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-1.8 -1.8 -

-2.7 -2.2 -0.5

-8.1 -7.5 -0.7

-14.4 -13.7 -0.7

-12.5 -11.5 -1.0

-13.8 -12.7 -1.1

.. .. ..

9.2 8.7 -

3.6 3.6 3.8

-0.2

-0.1

-0.1

-

-

-

..

-6.5

-

-0.9 e 0.0 -0.6 e -0.4 -

-0.7 e 0.0 -0.9 e 0.1 -

-3.1 e 0.0 -1.6 e -1.5 -

-2.6 e 0.0 -1.8 e -0.8 -

-2.7 e 0.1 -1.9 e -0.9 -

-2.7 e 0.0 -1.8 e -0.9 -

.. .. .. .. ..

7.2 3.1 6.3 8.5 -

-1.0 2.7 0.8 -3.6 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.2

-0.3

-0.4

-0.4

-0.4

-0.4

..

4.0

0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.1

..

x

x

4.2

5.9

10.7

15.5

16.3

15.3

..

5.7

2.4

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

1.6 0.4 e 0.3 -

3.1 0.9 e 0.2 -

6.4 1.0 e 0.4 0.0 0.0

12.6 1.3 e 0.0 0.1 0.0

12.9 1.1 e 0.1 0.1 0.0

11.8 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

8.4 6.2 2.1 -

4.1 0.8 -11.0 22.0 23.7

Transport sector(6)

0.7

0.3

0.0

0.0

-

-

..

-18.9

-

1.8 1.8

2.6 2.6

4.3 4.3

2.9 2.9

3.4 3.4

3.5 3.5

.. .. ..

5.2 5.2

-1.3 -1.3

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.296 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Turkey 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

1.21 0.68 0.68 0.09 0.29 0.29 0.10 -

1.22 0.61 0.61 0.06 0.43 0.43 0.06 -

2.81 0.37 0.37 0.06 1.12 0.01 0.00 1.12 1.25 -

8.48 1.66 1.66 6.15 0.03 0.02 6.10 0.68 -

11.95 3.09 3.09 8.04 0.07 0.02 7.96 0.83 -

13.59 3.98 3.98 8.78 0.07 0.02 8.70 0.83 -

13.84 4.57 4.57 8.42 0.07 0.02 8.33 0.85 -

7.31 -5.01 -5.01 -3.28 12.11 12.05 23.25 -

11.21 18.27 18.27 14.36 16.48 22.11 14.34 -2.58 -

3.43 0.36 0.31 0.05 2.39 0.29 0.05 0.05 0.11 -

3.41 0.16 0.10 0.06 2.56 0.23 0.15 0.15 0.13 -

5.34 0.11 0.08 0.03 4.66 0.10 0.34 0.34 0.13 -

7.04 0.28 0.28 4.19 2.47 0.09 2.38 0.10 -

5.58 0.53 0.53 4.03 0.82 0.09 0.72 0.21 -

5.31 0.49 0.49 4.33 0.37 0.09 0.28 0.12 -

5.59 0.60 0.60 4.22 0.64 0.09 0.55 0.13 -

3.75 -9.80 -11.22 -4.01 5.71 -8.83 17.37 17.37 1.19 -

0.31 12.31 22.09 -0.66 4.43 3.40 -0.10 -

13.23 15.80 46.18 4.45 6.03 29.88 4.30 5.47 29.63 0.15 0.56 0.25 0.02 0.02 0.04 3.63 3.49 8.52 0.00 0.00 0.73 0.58 0.93 2.90 2.90 7.59 4.88 6.14 7.71 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

64.41 52.54 52.29 0.26 0.00 6.93 0.11 6.82 4.94 -

46.39 34.79 34.63 0.16 0.04 7.32 0.15 7.16 4.24 -

45.55 32.99 32.85 0.14 0.14 6.91 0.16 6.76 5.50 -

57.32 47.41 47.21 0.20 0.16 4.25 0.16 4.09 5.49 -

10.98 17.21 17.45 4.71 6.74 7.36 2.10 8.33 3.88 -

1.45 3.12 3.15 -1.40 10.66 -4.53 -10.99 -4.04 -2.24 -

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.297

Turkey 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. 105.18 ..

49.88 179.15 ..

31.85 174.87 110.22

50.45 150.29 131.07

53.20 193.13 166.74

66.43 221.90 173.38

90.65 252.39 177.29

88.37 397.84 234.48

86.87 467.45 271.71

.. 70.23 105.18 .. ..

86.47 83.99 179.15 .. ..

79.67 82.07 174.87 .. 98.09

53.26 80.19 150.29 .. 136.10

69.48 86.28 193.13 .. 167.61

73.37 92.33 221.90 .. 178.03

67.16 118.78 252.39 .. 179.14

78.79 148.21 397.84 .. 237.03

79.99 161.57 467.45 .. 274.31

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(New Turkish Lira / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. 0.00 ..

0.00 0.02 ..

0.02 0.63 0.37

9.01 128.86 105.36

22.98 400.47 324.14

28.53 457.39 335.05

36.93 493.59 325.05

33.83 731.11 403.98

35.49 916.73 499.57

Steam Coal .. 0.00 Coking Coal 0.00 0.01 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 0.00 0.02 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

0.13 0.19 0.63 .. 0.33

20.22 43.69 128.86 .. 109.40

63.78 113.69 400.47 .. 325.83

66.95 120.93 457.39 .. 344.04

58.15 147.60 493.59 .. 328.43

64.10 173.07 731.11 .. 408.38

69.45 201.34 916.73 .. 504.33

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

0.01 0.01 .. .. -

0.82 0.82 0.82 -

6.02 6.01 4.25 1.76 0.01 -

13.30 12.57 6.27 6.30 0.00 0.72

11.92 11.22 5.20 6.03 0.69

15.57 15.06 4.89 10.17 0.51

16.00 15.61 5.00 10.61 0.39

16.74 16.33 5.23 11.10 0.41

12.86 12.66 5.31 7.35 0.20

Total Exports 0.07 0.01 Hard Coal 0.00 Coking Coal .. 0.00 Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite 0.07 0.01 Peat Coal Products(1) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-

-

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.298 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

Turkey 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

475

945

5557

12990

11693

16166

16427

17360

13242

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

475 70 405 -

945 945 -

3717 1318 51 2011 -

6202 2793 847 100 2150 -

5148 1862 1579 230 786 -

4755 1209 854 209 1278 -

4784 776 1354 1571 -

4943 882 1175 187 6 1810 -

5020 678 1045 1270 -

-

-

337 -

259 53 -

57 510 124 -

727 478 -

25 554 504 -

101 574 208 -

2027 -

-

-

1840 58 -

6788 69 21

6545 56 25 12

11411 50 17 -

11643 38 -

12417 24 1 -

8222 -

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

1252 530 -

1440 5023 174 61

120 1144 4840 281 67

1045 1825 46 2299 5990 78 61

1441 1567 97 1940 6215 146 199

1517 2456 1448 6198 611 11 151

2215 5287 720 -

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.299

United Kingdom* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

400

120

350

100

300 80

250

60

200 150

40

100 20 50 0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)

120

120

100

100

80

80

60

60

40

40

20

20

450

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 140

1975

1980

Renewables

140

0 1970

1975

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 700

400

600

350 500

300 250

400

200

300

150 200 100 100

50 0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

2005

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.300 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

United Kingdom 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 315.31 287.55 303.11 Coal 109.18 98.28 90.16 Oil 159.36 117.42 118.04 Gas 35.87 57.59 67.41 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.90 Nuclear 10.42 13.78 24.48 Hydro 0.47 0.48 0.64 Geothermal 0.00 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.02 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.01 0.00 1.47 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

334.09 52.84 119.52 124.82 2.75 31.67 0.62 0.00 0.13 1.74 -

333.52 53.36 118.86 124.80 4.91 29.78 0.61 0.00 0.27 0.92 -

334.19 53.83 120.98 121.25 5.71 30.39 0.61 0.00 0.40 1.02 -

332.17 59.65 120.89 115.69 5.71 27.99 0.56 0.00 0.56 1.13 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 -0.23 -1.12 -1.75 3.78 5.15 1.78 36.14 -

0.65 -3.38 0.16 3.99 13.14 1.45 -0.32 24.09 -2.38 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

821 877 1135 1442 1597 1627 0.38 0.33 0.27 0.23 0.21 0.21 Population (millions) 56.2 56.3 57.2 58.9 59.8 60.2 TPES/population(1) 5.61 5.10 5.30 5.67 5.57 5.55 TPES/GDP(2) 165.8 141.5 115.3 100.0 90.1 88.7 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 363.1 305.9 216.8 100.0 91.2 90.3 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 124.3 117.0 105.8 100.0 92.9 92.9 Elec. Generation (TWh) 281 284 318 374 393 398 Industrial Production(2) 75.1 73.5 87.7 100.0 97.0 95.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

1672 0.20 60.6 5.48 85.8 97.4 .. 395 95.4

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 1.93 -2.12 0.11 -0.34 -2.12 -2.99 -0.94 0.72 0.92

2.43 -1.73 0.34 0.31 -1.73 -5.67 -0.86 1.51 0.56

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

14.68 84.26 -

9.68 95.97 -

1.60 75.00 -

0.26 26.28 -

0.35 20.94 -

0.29 16.52 -

0.28 14.30 -

-16.87 -0.97 -

-10.78 -9.59 -

Mt: Coking Coal 15.11 10.05 1.60 0.26 0.35 0.27 0.27 Steam Coal 108.47 120.05 91.16 30.94 24.74 20.22 17.50 Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-17.06 -1.44 -

-11.10 -9.55 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.301

United Kingdom 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

210.19 37.81 109.98 33.77 28.63 -

193.15 20.11 90.78 53.31 28.79 0.17

207.68 15.39 98.28 59.68 0.59 0.00 0.01 33.72 -

231.13 5.68 105.71 74.89 0.88 0.00 0.02 40.47 3.48

229.64 4.44 106.46 73.99 0.82 0.00 0.03 41.31 2.59

232.18 4.28 109.31 74.29 0.83 0.00 0.04 41.65 1.79

231.71 3.63 111.46 71.51 0.77 0.00 0.04 42.42 1.88

-0.07 -5.15 -0.66 3.41 0.97 -

0.73 -9.18 0.84 1.21 1.79 7.29 1.54 -

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

75.80 19.06 31.06 14.47 11.21 -

56.54 8.51 17.84 19.30 10.72 0.17

45.59 9.11 9.11 14.86 0.14 12.36 -

47.70 3.37 8.06 20.27 0.40 14.02 1.57

46.12 3.07 8.79 18.37 0.31 13.93 1.64

44.95 3.10 9.12 16.98 0.31 14.24 1.20

44.79 2.78 9.57 16.44 0.17 14.60 1.23

-2.95 -4.25 -6.96 0.16 0.58 -

-0.12 -7.61 0.33 0.68 1.41 1.11 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

44.24 0.08 43.84 -

48.50 0.05 48.07 -

66.39 0.00 65.74 -

76.54 75.48 -

77.07 76.04 -

79.31 78.25 -

80.85 79.68 -

2.42 -18.29 2.41 -

1.32 1.29 -

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.32 48.19 15.74 5.64 15.60

0.37 51.39 9.65 3.82 27.33

0.65 53.30 4.97 3.37 33.20

1.06 61.56 2.23 4.39 40.88

0.02 1.01 63.39 1.35 4.82 42.71

0.02 1.04 63.93 1.16 4.42 43.81

0.12 1.06 61.91 0.82 4.19 42.21

4.23 0.60 -6.56 -2.99 4.54

3.31 1.00 -11.30 1.47 1.61

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

11.22 19.13 2.82 8.47 2.45

10.58 18.28 1.87 6.71 3.08

0.25 11.52 18.43 1.29 4.49 3.90

0.25 13.74 0.06 24.10 0.06 2.04 8.93

0.27 14.22 0.02 22.98 0.01 0.98 9.27

0.27 14.19 0.07 23.31 0.01 1.20 9.78

0.27 14.35 0.07 23.19 0.02 1.26 9.32

0.16 -0.22 -4.51 -3.67 2.77

0.50 1.47 1.54 -24.83 -8.13 5.98

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.05 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 5.40 6.62 8.71 Heat Non-Energy Use 17.04 9.99 15.60 Coal Oil 17.04 9.99 13.38 Gas 2.22 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.11 11.12 1.85 16.19 14.67 1.52

0.13 11.65 0.93 16.37 15.26 1.11

0.13 11.66 0.52 16.47 15.36 1.11

0.12 11.90 0.58 16.71 15.64 1.07

2.85 -0.52 -1.41 -

5.58 2.10 0.46 1.05 -4.72

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.302 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

United Kingdom 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

108.4 1.6 -2.8 2.0

105.7 6.4 -4.4 -9.4

76.6 14.7 -2.6 1.4

26.5 22.2 -1.1 5.2

21.3 33.1 -0.8 -0.2

16.8 39.7 -0.7 -2.0

14.6 46.2 -0.5 -0.6

-2.0 13.9 -0.6 x

-9.6 6.8 -8.3 x

Primary Supply

109.2

98.3

90.2

52.8

53.4

53.8

59.6

-1.1

-3.4

Statistical Difference

3.3

-0.0

-0.8

-2.4

-0.2

-1.9

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-70.9 e

-76.3 e

-72.9 e

-43.0 e

-47.5 e

-46.9 e

..

0.2

-2.9

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-65.0 -65.0 -

-73.9 -71.6 -2.3

-69.0 e -66.9 -2.1 e

-39.1 -35.7 -3.4

-44.7 -41.6 -3.1

-44.0 -40.9 -3.1

.. .. ..

0.4 0.2 -

-3.0 -3.2 2.5

-0.4

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-5.5 e -2.3 e -3.2 -0.0

-2.4 e -0.9 e -1.4 -0.0

-3.9 e -2.6 e -1.1 -0.2

-3.9 e -3.0 e -0.9 0.1

-2.8 e -2.5 e -0.3 0.1

-2.9 e -2.6 e -0.3 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.1 0.8 -6.2 9.7

-1.9 0.1 -7.9 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3) Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

-

-

-

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

-

-

-3.2

-1.9

-1.1

-1.5

-1.2

-1.1

..

-6.1

0.1

-0.5

-

-

-0.2

-0.3

-0.3

..

x

x

37.8

20.1

15.4

5.7

4.3

3.6

..

-5.1

-9.2

3.4 1.2 e 0.0 1.1 0.1

3.1 1.3 e 0.1 1.0 0.1

2.8 1.2 e 0.1 0.9 0.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-4.2 -4.8 7.5 -5.3 -4.3

-7.6 -7.6 -13.0 -2.5 -10.0

19.1 9.0 e 0.3 3.4 1.2

8.5 3.6 e 0.2 2.5 0.1

9.1 3.9 e 0.9 1.4 0.6

0.1

0.1

0.0

-

-

-

..

-18.3

-

18.7 2.8 15.7

11.5 1.9 9.6

6.3 1.3 5.0

2.3 0.1 2.2

1.2 0.0 1.2

0.8 0.0 0.8

.. .. ..

-6.2 -4.5 -6.6

-12.5 -24.8 -11.3

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.303

United Kingdom 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

105.68 83.21 80.64 2.57 1.19 1.85 0.01 6.19 0.11 0.03 3.09 0.32 2.65 12.17 -

111.98 91.98 89.57 2.41 1.10 1.90 0.00 5.47 0.12 0.02 3.03 0.18 2.12 10.67 -

96.21 84.01 82.56 1.46 0.78 5.25 0.01 1.04 1.50 0.63 2.07 5.43 -

51.02 46.85 44.76 2.09 0.54 1.88 0.00 0.03 1.24 0.12 0.48 1.95 -

55.96 53.09 50.90 2.19 0.40 1.86 0.07 1.20 0.13 0.46 1.06 -

54.09 50.92 48.97 1.95 0.33 1.85 0.15 1.13 0.14 0.43 0.96 -

55.29 52.54 50.58 1.96 0.27 1.79 0.14 1.12 0.14 0.39 0.64 -

-0.78 0.08 0.20 -4.59 -3.51 -1.36 -16.73 35.13 -5.84 5.93 -2.04 -6.51 -

-3.63 -3.08 -3.21 1.97 -6.90 -6.92 -12.46 -1.93 -9.45 -10.56 -13.33 -

14.99 14.91 -

11.63 11.61 -

10.52 10.09 0.66 0.11 0.11 -

8.85 8.23 0.45 0.01 0.01 -

6.91 5.73 0.82 0.07 0.07 -

6.48 5.49 0.82 0.08 0.08 -

6.51 5.56 0.98 0.06 0.06 -

-2.91 -3.21 -

-3.15 -3.89 2.74 -4.52 -4.52 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.304 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

United Kingdom 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

52.22 67.68 52.95

91.69 141.40 93.22

96.27 66.97 c

54.98 128.54 80.87

55.06 133.23 82.59

56.88 179.63 100.81

73.96 184.44 126.07

81.21 272.73 166.93

86.79 302.86 210.73

49.78 .. 72.87 .. 67.84

91.32 .. 151.43 .. 126.11

88.51 .. 95.94 .. 123.24

59.29 .. 135.89 .. 81.39

65.04 .. 144.01 .. 113.86

70.32 .. x 180.51 128.07

86.73 .. x 197.13 157.56

99.67 .. x 266.25 232.41

99.06 .. x 307.96 298.51

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(Pounds Sterling / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

21.97 49.72 35.47

31.84 85.73 51.54

43.77 53.16 c

29.35 119.80 68.73

29.66 125.30 70.83

28.11 155.01 79.32

32.61 141.99 88.50

36.07 211.50 118.04

38.06 231.88 147.12

Steam Coal 23.25 35.20 Coking Coal .. .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil 53.53 91.81 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 45.44 69.72 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

44.67 .. 76.16 .. 89.21

35.13 .. 126.65 .. 69.17

38.89 .. 135.44 .. 97.64

38.58 .. x 155.77 100.77

42.45 .. x 151.76 110.61

49.14 .. x 206.48 164.35

48.22 .. x 235.78 208.40

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

1.60 1.38 .. .. 0.23

6.42 6.26 2.32 3.94 0.16

14.75 14.38 8.84 5.54 0.37

22.18 21.70 8.34 13.36 0.48

25.83 25.58 6.22 19.36 0.25

29.32 28.38 6.38 22.00 0.94

33.08 32.07 6.25 25.82 1.01

39.73 38.85 6.45 32.40 0.88

46.17 45.22 6.77 38.45 0.95

Total Exports 2.85 4.41 2.56 1.13 0.91 0.73 0.80 Hard Coal 2.22 3.24 2.17 0.68 0.54 0.54 0.62 Coking Coal .. 0.03 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 Steam Coal .. 3.20 2.12 0.67 0.53 0.54 0.61 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.62 1.18 0.39 0.45 0.37 0.19 0.18 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.70 0.57 0.00 0.57 0.13

0.55 0.37 0.00 0.37 0.17

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.305

United Kingdom 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

Hard Coal

2352

7334

14783

23446

28686

31891

36153

43968

51276

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

1383 380 207 375 421 -

2407 518 403 1486 -

8614 2966 961 2 794 3791 7

8462 4880 1633 1936 2

6315 4230 750 1 1286 -

6474 4409 839 1089 14

6345 4140 715 1342 -

6551 3532 1084 1210 -

6874 3914 1282 1332 20

-

-

93 -

11 -

48 -

123 -

148 -

697 28 -

298 28

969 645 53 41 1 73

4927 2329 81 43 2167 78

6169 67 24 2 248 250 1641 1868

14984 1222 1107 837 205

22371 864 10 1596 280 522

25417 1255 2 1902 65 513

29808 2040 25 13 1208 723 465

37417 933 17 647 299 294

44402 151 44 856 793 263

26 106 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 24 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

66 46 117

69 956 356 499 169 20

143 5649 9 4756 480 5 208 123 240

289 3556 45 9876 4326 915 86 6

214 3411 402 12221 5264 72 44 45 7

235 3635 1458 10149 9784 11 39 23 -

134 3297 1618 13034 16829 90 225

34 4068 2145 13077 22550 421 -

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.306 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

United Kingdom 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

2176

4007

2258

656

534

540

613

533

349

2174 113 125 6 950 446 202 53 168 79 3 3 26 -

4005 185 606 7 1474 1116 289 9 221 63 5 30 -

1960 1 67 366 204 271 214 18 246 25 145 178 138 87 -

653 73 12 77 13 265 1 15 158 31 8 -

532 59 18 65 47 243 1 2 88 9 -

535 80 1 13 52 1 2 303 78 5 -

610 65 1 1 51 8 378 4 87 8 7 -

528 84 1 4 33 1 3 309 3 85 5 -

347 3 1 5 17 248 9 64 -

2 2 -

2 1 1

289 5 1 1 282 -

3 1 1 1 -

2 1 1 -

5 1 1 1 2 -

3 1 1 1 -

5 1 1 3 -

2 1 1 -

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

9

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.307

United Kingdom 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

56.46

72.56

57.61

53.14

56.81

57.34

77.73

116.05

128.51

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

50.01 53.83 .. 57.88 60.84 .. .. .. 44.37

76.77 67.89 .. 65.40 72.53 .. .. .. 46.86

56.28 55.72 .. 53.12 60.78 .. 59.04 .. 59.92

50.80 53.87 .. .. 59.06 .. .. 54.29 ..

55.78 57.48 .. 106.50 60.38 .. .. .. 41.33

55.51 62.49 .. .. 64.91 .. 166.16 34.94 45.07

76.33 78.05 .. .. 80.05 .. .. .. 94.26

127.10 99.81 .. .. 113.10 .. .. .. 91.89

136.58 117.54 .. .. 127.10 .. .. .. 71.41

64.91 68.56 45.19 45.66 40.48 44.03 65.02 Imports from: Australia 67.76 95.59 41.59 41.92 38.24 44.56 62.29 Canada 56.77 59.29 .. .. .. .. 69.05 Czech Republic 88.97 101.88 .. .. .. .. .. Poland 91.08 84.94 51.92 49.06 39.22 38.03 65.64 United States 71.64 69.28 44.64 42.65 36.57 48.52 68.02 China 41.43 73.47 .. 50.80 55.76 58.82 80.81 Colombia 72.89 73.07 43.65 40.40 40.39 42.59 66.01 South Africa 58.27 .. 43.16 48.21 40.40 44.35 63.57 Former USSR(2) 47.68 53.72 50.58 47.29 40.32 45.22 68.03 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

70.24

69.91

85.03 .. .. 71.87 83.66 98.27 70.13 69.27 70.78

72.19 2529.04 .. 65.00 62.86 150.04 70.11 69.85 70.67

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.308 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

United States* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1970 = 100)

4000

160

3500

140

3000

120

2500

100

2000

80

1500

60

1000

40

500

20

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980 Oil

1985 Gas

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000

2005

0 1970

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) 800

800

700

700

600

600

500

500

400

400

300

300

200

200

100

100

4500

1980 1985 Production Exports

1990

1995 2000 Coal Supply Imports

1985 1990 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2000

2005

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 900

1975

1980

Renewables

900

0 1970

1975

2005

0 1970

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh)

1975 1980 1985 Electricity and Heat Industry

1990 1995 2000 2005 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2) 7000

4000

6000

3500 5000

3000 2500

4000

2000

3000

1500 2000 1000 1000

500 0 1970

1975

Coal

Oil

1980 Gas

1985 Hydro

1990

1995

Nuclear

2000 Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2005

0 1970

1975 Coal

1980

1985 Oil

1990 Gas

1995

2000

Other

2005

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.309

United States 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

TPES (Mtce) 2480.64 2588.07 2753.51 Coal 444.36 537.47 654.72 Oil 1177.13 1148.43 1100.36 Gas 735.01 681.12 627.40 Comb. Renew/Waste 53.57 77.84 88.94 Nuclear 33.20 99.10 227.69 Hydro 32.60 34.25 33.56 Geothermal 3.01 6.57 20.14 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.46 Net Electricity trade(1) 1.75 3.28 0.24 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

3295.20 776.54 1272.85 787.29 104.62 296.99 31.11 18.70 2.94 4.17 -

3326.51 783.96 1353.53 731.60 103.87 302.80 33.31 12.28 3.77 1.39 -

3343.27 793.79 1361.19 727.73 105.73 301.83 33.47 12.33 4.15 3.04 -

3318.07 784.73 1343.74 717.97 110.05 303.55 35.76 14.91 5.19 2.17 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 0.62 2.31 -0.40 -0.93 3.03 11.99 0.17 11.83 -10.97 -

1.30 1.29 1.43 0.99 1.16 1.90 -0.02 -3.22 15.83 18.33 -

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

4305 5128 7055 9765 10652 10996 0.58 0.50 0.39 0.34 0.31 0.30 Population (millions) 211.9 227.7 250.2 282.4 293.9 296.7 TPES/population(1) 11.70 11.36 11.01 11.67 11.32 11.27 TPES/GDP(2) 170.8 149.6 115.7 100.0 92.5 90.1 Coal Supply/GDP(2) 129.8 131.8 116.7 100.0 92.6 90.8 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 108.1 110.2 104.2 100.0 94.8 94.4 Elec. Generation (TWh) 1966 2427 3203 4026 4148 4268 Industrial Production(2) 48.6 54.2 66.3 100.0 100.0 103.2 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

11361 0.29 299.3 11.08 86.5 86.9 .. 4260 107.3

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05 2.95 -2.27 0.98 -0.36 -2.27 -0.62 -0.22 2.91 1.84

3.00 -1.65 1.14 0.16 -1.65 -1.66 -0.65 1.93 2.99

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

93.39 417.75 15.55 -

119.23 499.84 20.81 -

94.46 637.06 38.69 -

54.98 686.00 37.35 -

43.27 710.25 36.71 -

44.39 724.69 36.92 -

42.63 742.79 37.06 -

0.10 3.58 7.89 -

-4.91 0.86 -0.31 -

Mt: Coking Coal 92.20 117.72 93.26 54.29 44.22 46.44 44.60 Steam Coal 484.60 592.46 760.39 839.69 899.12 916.00 944.92 Brown Coal 31.16 42.78 79.91 77.62 75.79 76.15 76.43 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.10 3.83 8.16 -

-4.54 1.25 -0.32 -

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.310 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

United States 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

1889.84 105.35 1001.45 524.73 53.46 204.84 -

1885.48 80.23 996.70 482.02 77.69 248.85 -

1866.83 77.69 996.91 432.84 32.27 0.48 323.55 3.07

2237.10 44.77 1163.45 514.12 74.50 0.74 2.06 429.91 7.54

2244.18 45.23 1195.91 488.90 66.13 1.07 1.81 438.28 6.84

2285.34 48.17 1237.54 477.04 70.52 1.07 1.81 444.79 4.40

2283.01 43.44 1239.58 460.49 74.79 1.22 1.76 457.07 4.66

-0.07 -1.78 -0.03 -1.13 -2.93 2.73 -

1.35 -3.80 1.46 0.41 5.76 6.40 2.33 2.81

Total Industry Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

563.08 85.93 103.70 253.29 40.82 79.34 -

561.54 68.92 135.99 216.47 48.48 91.67 -

407.91 64.06 67.48 156.98 12.94 106.46 -

473.23 41.54 37.07 196.97 51.22 0.16 140.32 5.96

412.98 41.91 41.16 170.55 41.08 0.14 112.75 5.40

423.73 43.83 49.35 170.13 43.49 0.14 113.31 3.48

410.99 40.11 50.70 157.16 45.69 0.15 113.50 3.68

-1.88 -1.71 -2.50 -2.77 -6.54 1.74 -

0.05 -3.07 -1.89 0.01 8.78 0.43 -

Total Transport Coal Oil Gas

600.61 576.02 24.06

618.54 597.09 21.07

717.22 694.70 22.01

870.73 843.95 21.68

899.58 870.47 20.36

912.97 882.62 19.52

926.30 893.54 20.23

1.05 1.11 -0.52

1.72 1.69 -0.56

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal Oil Gas

0.53 340.53 4.20 103.61 161.56

0.38 308.72 2.24 60.55 157.78

0.51 300.28 2.10 38.15 146.51

4.55 0.54 377.74 1.94 e 46.07 166.04

7.91 0.84 387.93 44.89 169.96

9.95 0.89 380.92 43.90 161.97

11.61 0.92 385.45 41.57 160.19

-0.22 -0.74 -4.00 -5.71 -0.57

4.07 1.68 0.57 0.60

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal Oil Gas

71.17 212.85 4.87 70.11 85.83

88.15 203.96 2.60 46.02 86.69

113.52 227.77 3.41 30.72 87.50

14.82 0.31 2.06 146.50 276.08 1.30 e 24.06 104.53

14.02 0.50 1.81 156.74 284.77 2.81 24.80 105.11

14.02 0.50 1.81 158.73 287.14 3.51 25.54 102.56

14.36 0.57 1.76 166.99 289.57 2.72 24.10 101.78

2.78 0.40 -2.08 -4.74 0.11

2.61 1.61 -1.49 -1.61 1.01

1.77 0.27 142.55 1.58 e 216.79 191.89 24.89

2.91 0.43 147.27 1.43 e 218.85 195.92 22.93

3.01 0.43 151.17 0.92 e 235.54 212.67 22.87

2.86 0.49 156.65 0.98 e 227.42 206.29 21.13

4.10 1.58 0.82 -

2.83 -7.35 2.17 2.38 0.42

(1)

TFC

Coal Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 52.03 68.65 103.06 Heat 3.07 e Non-Energy Use 126.32 137.37 164.87 Coal Oil 126.32 137.37 145.03 Gas 19.84 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.311

United States 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-05

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

476.2 1.0 -44.3 11.4

639.9 1.5 -83.0 -21.0

770.2 3.0 -95.6 -22.9

778.3 13.8 -52.3 36.8

790.2 28.9 -43.3 8.1

806.0 28.8 -45.6 4.6

822.5 34.1 -44.2 -27.6

2.9 6.4 4.6 x

0.3 16.4 -4.8 x

Primary Supply

444.4

537.5

654.7

776.5

784.0

793.8

784.7

2.3

1.3

Statistical Difference

18.1

-11.1

3.9

6.5

-14.8

-15.8

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-348.6 e

-442.6 e

-579.2 e

-736.3 e

-717.5 e

-731.6 e

..

3.0

1.6

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-309.9 -309.9 -

-417.2 -417.2 -

-559.1 e -552.8 -6.3 e

-716.9 e -700.1 e -16.8 e

-708.1 -698.6 -9.5

-722.6 -714.1 -8.5

.. .. ..

3.5 3.5 -

1.7 1.7 2.0

-0.1

-

-2.7 e

-2.5

-2.7

..

26.3

-0.1

-6.9 e -9.6 e -2.7 5.5

-6.3 e -8.8 e -4.1 6.6

.. .. .. .. ..

-4.6 -4.7 -4.5 -

-6.6 -1.7 -2.5 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3) Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

-38.7 e -25.8 e -12.9 -

-25.3 e -16.2 e -9.1 -

-17.3 e -11.4 e -5.9 -

-

-

-

-8.5

-3.6

-1.8

-

-

-

105.4

80.2 68.9 29.6 e 11.2 10.0 7.1

85.9 48.4 e 11.9 5.2 6.8

-16.6 e -10.9 e -5.7 e -

-

-

..

-

-

-3.5

-2.9

..

-8.8

3.4

-

-

-

..

x

x

77.7

44.8

48.2

43.4

..

-1.8

-3.8

64.1 17.0 e 12.4 e 10.9 10.2

41.5 10.2 e 9.3 e 11.1 3.6

43.8 6.1 e 7.5 10.7 6.5

40.1 3.2 e 7.0 10.5 6.5

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.7 -6.0 0.2 4.5 2.4

-3.1 -10.6 -3.7 -0.3 -3.0

-

-

-

19.4 4.9 4.2

11.3 2.6 2.2

13.6 3.4 2.1

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

-2.7

-

-2.0 e

3.2 1.3 e 1.9 e -

-

-

..

-

-

4.3 3.5 -

3.3 2.7 -

.. .. ..

-2.1 -2.1 -4.0

-9.0 -1.5 -

-

-

..

-

-

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.312 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

United States 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use

1978

1980

1990

484.73 408.08 408.08 44.63 3.66 10.08 11.51 7.54 11.83 8.54 -

546.58 478.66 478.66 44.80 2.45 12.67 11.27 8.05 10.37 5.34 -

701.66 637.00 630.72 6.27 0.18 52.17 1.70 14.26 11.97 11.28 12.98 5.99 -

68.89 64.77 -

61.46 60.47 -

35.27 35.27 -

Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

30.77 42.13 79.02 28.49 37.78 72.04 28.49 37.78 70.94 1.10 5.64 2.19 2.80 1.24 0.17 0.23 0.00 2.19 2.63 1.01 0.09 0.13 0.11 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

2000

Average annual percent change 78-90 90-05

2003

2004

2005

866.16 835.53 820.06 15.48 - e 2.50 35.77 1.35 10.51 12.23 4.07 7.62 3.68 -

879.34 748.40 740.51 7.89 102.19 1.85 36.06 0.65 7.98 11.19 6.67 9.57 3.24 -

913.15 757.53 749.86 7.67 107.54 1.73 35.73 0.67 7.08 11.50 6.42 10.06 4.05 -

932.69 763.06 756.56 6.50 119.90 1.28 35.28 0.28 7.17 11.33 6.76 9.74 3.12 -

3.13 3.78 3.70 1.31 -6.21 2.93 0.32 3.41 0.77 -2.91 -

1.92 1.21 1.22 0.24 13.87 -2.57 -11.34 -4.48 -0.36 -3.35 -1.90 -4.25 -

25.96 25.96 e -

21.94 2.42 19.58 -

21.46 2.60 18.87 -

20.89 2.90 18.36 -

-5.43 -4.94 -

-3.43 -4.26 -

74.27 70.01 68.76 1.25 5.67 1.42 0.24 0.00 1.18 0.05 -

78.89 72.76 70.67 2.09 5.53 0.34 0.25 0.00 0.09 0.05 -

76.12 69.87 67.75 2.12 4.87 0.27 0.23 0.01 0.03 0.05 -

76.14 70.49 68.44 2.06 5.39 0.28 0.24 0.01 0.04 0.01 -

8.18 8.04 7.90 -4.61 -6.27 1.52 -

-0.25 -0.14 -0.24 4.29 -0.29 -9.41 0.17 7.60 -19.90 -18.57 -

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.313

United States 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

29.96 62.13 43.89

36.39 124.76 67.87

38.52 97.68 71.64

31.51 125.20 134.45

32.91 107.87 109.26

33.33 139.97 165.76

35.48 142.64 183.34

40.50 205.30 253.47

44.24 235.13 216.91

36.26 48.94 52.81 .. 50.94

41.85 61.20 100.43 .. 76.71

40.00 52.01 76.81 .. 86.68

37.77 48.41 118.29 .. 132.99

39.97 55.73 111.14 .. 120.11

40.73 55.15 137.22 .. 174.04

46.79 66.99 144.77 .. 196.04

56.31 91.26 207.40 .. 252.91

61.57 100.79 241.83 .. 234.03

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(US Dollars / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

26.11 88.65 56.43

31.72 178.01 87.26

33.57 139.37 92.11

27.46 178.64 172.86

28.68 153.91 140.48

29.05 199.71 213.12

30.92 203.53 235.72

35.30 292.94 325.89

38.55 335.50 278.88

Steam Coal 33.57 38.74 Coking Coal 49.57 61.99 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 75.35 143.30 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 65.50 98.63 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

37.03 52.68 109.60 .. 111.44

34.97 49.04 168.79 .. 170.99

37.00 56.45 158.58 .. 154.43

37.70 55.86 195.79 .. 223.77

43.32 67.85 206.57 .. 252.05

52.12 92.44 295.93 .. 325.17

57.00 102.08 345.05 .. 300.90

For Industry

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

1.03 0.10 .. .. 0.92

1.53 0.97 0.97 0.56

2.96 2.31 2.31 0.65

13.78 10.53 1.57 8.96 0.04 3.21

17.66 14.84 2.29 12.55 0.06 2.76

23.65 21.25 1.61 19.64 0.05 2.35

28.94 23.04 1.88 21.16 0.05 5.84

28.82 25.76 1.51 24.24 0.06 3.00

34.09 30.54 1.45 29.09 0.09 3.46

Total Exports 44.33 82.98 95.58 52.33 34.07 36.45 43.30 Hard Coal 43.06 81.19 95.06 51.33 33.33 35.77 38.26 Coking Coal .. 57.98 58.31 30.16 20.25 20.77 22.49 Steam Coal .. 23.20 36.76 21.17 13.08 15.00 15.77 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.06 0.10 Peat Coal Products(1) 1.27 1.76 0.49 0.97 0.67 0.61 4.95 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

45.65 39.77 24.01 15.75 0.11 5.77

44.19 40.26 23.04 17.22 0.09 3.84

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

* Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.314 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

United States 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

2679

1083

2449

11271

16060

22614

24635

27506

32691

-

-

-

1547 1511 -

2207 605 1593 9

1556 200 1356 -

1987 182 1735 -

1603 144 1458 -

1533 72 1461 -

-

-

-

36 -

-

-

70 -

1

-

2679 933 49 645 -

1083 37 287 -

2449 22 883 5 -

9724 152 155 6

13853 140 203 110 29

21058 100 441 1 49

22648 86 764 68 40 103

25903 66 244 70 1 39

31158 150 288 1 96

996 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 56 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

699 60

1296 238 5

18 6928 651 1813 1

56 8351 1746 70 79 3039 30

136 14042 1910 71 62 4196 50

132 15115 1979 31 240 56 4024 10

18 19247 2239 70 357 79 3387 85 1

39 22990 2855 56 853 3809 21

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.315

United States 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

27433

57246

57568

29780

19539

20039

24349

26001

24946

23813 956 5410 1468 560 2905 8991 505 929 68 265 688 299 409 360 -

49478 2819 5694 141 20 4082 1549 48 6 198 5546 19914 699 2390 252 305 2123 916 99 796 1881 -

47603 5532 3988 50 86 4501 636 28 6377 10019 2908 3 3606 99 234 3156 764 1906 3710 -

22696 2343 3501 288 2197 419 65 48 3297 852 1096 355 1735 42 198 1993 642 1584 2041 -

15246 1690 4277 147 1184 360 17 11 87 2355 623 1283 13 1120 393 517 1169 -

14779 1289 3263 200 1159 130 83 2501 1 850 1345 17 1479 346 991 1125 -

17660 1016 3431 212 1000 206 82 1786 2876 223 770 1648 32 88 1313 570 22 1151 1234 -

19414 239 1470 4034 260 1116 473 57 2203 1652 727 588 1548 18 1685 464 1642 1238 -

17528 30 1596 4134 301 1280 927 70 19 2975 298 132 338 1303 54 1222 426 1106 1263 -

3800 1342 205 218 673 1 914 24 243

8624 2864 148 749 853 642 1421 25 1018

10799 5219 357 586 50 1559 485 648 21 1040

6698 4093 116 682 22 56 443 269 184 833

4293 3191 418 9 287 169 7 212

5260 3006 861 18 626 215 534

6792 3076 448 739 764 121 381 257 366 448

7165 3113 280 1078 547 377 207 985

7909 3935 649 890 75 312 308 1174

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

48

-

386

-

-

89

-

129

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.316 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

United States 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006e

9837

25981

38344

23226

16266

18857

19002

19094

19914

9370 8782 38 36 22 160 300 27 5 -

24198 1383 10136 1356 233 2984 746 4 159 924 1014 552 1834 24 970 4 1875 -

32669 1 2178 10083 2842 1740 320 15 1322 4451 2074 719 188 3982 1 62 1386 282 21 15 987 -

21978 278 13524 70 564 467 456 65 3181 508 373 643 74 343 441 55 936 -

15902 458 10859 508 633 435 1137 273 96 208 20 115 614 7 539 -

18360 348 15569 261 66 355 216 62 4 177 99 459 406 126 212 -

17217 555 12680 67 376 122 1139 665 80 591 317 67 558 -

16914 411 13625 66 28 133 23 236 580 341 829 143 71 67 361 -

18449 363 13909 348 360 195 569 4 383 156 593 267 250 1052 -

95 11 1 82 1 -

1699 98 530 413 56 575 19 8

5685 79 3820 108 530 682 402 5 47

1037 22 1 825 49 8 66

281 17 119 127 18 -

369 182 184 3 -

1754 883 1 224 135 358 95 29

2065 693 1 217 844 63 89 115

1455 176 3 71 927 190 10 4 74

Non-Specified/Other 372 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

84

2

277

83

128

60

158

10

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Eastern Europe

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III - III.317

United States 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

..

..

..

50.46

49.50

52.73

59.82

111.68

120.55

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2)

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 50.49 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

43.84 51.74 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

39.47 54.68 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

51.71 61.37 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

61.90 116.62 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

65.04 123.29 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

29.67 36.86 36.50 35.14 37.61 33.76 40.10 Imports from: Australia 53.06 45.99 34.16 38.90 36.50 33.45 34.61 Canada 29.50 26.95 35.65 34.77 44.17 49.29 54.05 Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland .. .. .. 39.32 37.03 .. .. United States .. .. .. .. .. .. .. China .. .. .. 53.51 63.03 54.09 60.26 Colombia 37.02 40.64 34.33 31.71 33.87 31.35 38.17 South Africa .. .. .. 36.54 35.67 .. 104.43 Former USSR(2) .. .. .. .. 42.00 59.59 94.40 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

47.39

50.55

35.09 69.63 .. .. .. 103.19 47.17 .. 63.72

48.18 60.63 .. .. .. 109.06 51.34 33.61 57.81

Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

III.318 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART III

United States 13. COAL EXPORT VALUES BY DESTINATION* (Average Unit Value, FOB, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Coking Coal(1)

48.69

51.55

48.47

45.88

50.06

49.11

70.14

89.91

111.72

Exports to: Belgium Canada Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Ireland Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom Other OECD Non-OECD

48.26 50.46 29.75 46.00 48.37 48.68 x 46.65 49.22 47.76 46.72 65.44 46.40 49.56 50.92 x 47.70 49.42 47.41 48.71

52.98 41.81 30.83 49.30 49.93 51.40 x x 52.78 50.34 51.94 66.52 50.47 53.97 53.76 x 50.88 53.46 54.78 51.81

50.67 40.31 x 47.01 49.69 52.38 x x 51.38 45.35 51.32 x 51.20 53.04 52.60 x 47.93 51.83 46.14 48.65

46.99 37.58 x 47.63 48.54 x x x 53.11 x 48.90 88.78 x 50.95 55.17 x 36.09 47.73 46.65 43.02

52.19 42.46 x 48.40 54.96 37.13 56.00 x 56.41 x 55.39 93.84 x 51.54 54.86 x 49.98 49.98 49.66 50.50

50.48 40.37 x 48.12 55.56 38.11 x x 54.49 56.01 52.13 96.37 x 49.47 54.72 x 47.95 50.77 53.09 48.31

66.19 55.21 x 65.30 71.81 50.95 x x 66.99 98.14 72.20 99.46 35.00 49.70 54.31 56.90 73.43 61.35 69.06 71.54

88.93 71.82 x 86.04 99.69 111.12 x x 86.21 100.61 93.04 109.84 x 77.98 69.27 x 111.52 92.21 71.24 97.22

99.65 85.70 x 90.82 102.30 108.85 x x 104.96 89.80 95.44 x x 97.67 100.90 x 102.15 108.20 104.28 143.06

42.06 39.99 38.94 34.51 37.70 37.00 53.93 Exports to: Belgium 36.73 41.48 38.66 33.13 33.56 34.26 46.26 Canada 42.50 33.62 33.74 33.63 38.97 38.12 46.69 Denmark 33.34 37.89 35.09 x x 31.05 38.00 Finland x x 39.17 37.98 x 28.28 x France 38.45 40.87 38.72 30.50 705.00 361.32 114.68 Germany 52.99 38.83 36.72 34.17 32.80 29.34 37.13 Greece 44.09 x 40.89 44.86 44.77 62.64 x Ireland 45.85 43.05 39.75 33.38 31.74 31.44 x Italy 44.17 44.93 45.97 42.50 42.91 46.67 46.90 Japan 39.94 41.76 38.61 37.70 40.41 166.40 91.47 Netherlands 41.93 43.17 40.53 35.71 36.88 33.13 43.79 Norway 47.69 58.16 x 36.97 38.00 x x Portugal 41.97 44.04 39.99 37.53 36.55 34.47 45.22 Spain 63.83 39.25 45.59 23.04 26.52 25.90 29.02 Sweden 40.47 38.57 53.51 x x 44.78 260.00 Switzerland x x x 276.53 x x x Turkey 44.09 23.41 34.12 44.97 137.15 44.93 44.97 United Kingdom 41.09 47.41 37.01 30.25 31.93 29.88 38.73 Other OECD 70.89 41.67 38.79 67.72 44.14 36.97 55.72 Non-OECD 44.17 37.46 38.59 39.84 44.27 46.57 81.61 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high export costs.

67.09

55.66

58.94 60.16 42.00 x 40.17 48.08 x x 89.78 105.21 76.28 x 50.33 61.22 117.24 x 104.55 74.26 90.66 75.09

58.36 49.06 59.11 56.58 64.19 69.89 x x 51.04 166.53 69.91 x 56.43 49.43 x x 46.09 52.59 99.39 116.60

Steam Coal(1)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.1

PART IV NON-OECD COAL DATA

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.3

GENERAL NOTES In Part IV, the statistical tables on world hard coal supply and end-use and on coal production, consumption and trade for the major non-OECD countries supplement the information presented in Parts I and II of this book.

World Hard Coal Supply and End-Use Statistics This section provides historical data for world hard coal supply and end-use for 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000 and from 2003 to 2005. These data summarise information published in the IEA publications Energy Statistics of OECD Countries 2004-2005, Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries 2004-2005 and Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries 2004-2005. In cases where it is available, estimated coal trade statistics are shown for 2006.

Coal Balances These tables show all coal use for selected non-OECD countries in a format whereby coal production, imports, exports and stock changes “balance” transformation uses and final consumption. The transformation of coal into secondary products is clearly accounted for. Data for 2006 are preliminary and revised in the IEA quarterly publication Oil, Gas, Coal and Electricity Quarterly Statistics. Calorific values used to convert primary coal data for OECD countries to million tons of coal equivalent (Mtce)

are reported on page xxxiii. Calorific values of coal in non-OECD countries are published annually in Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries.

Coal Trade Trade tables show steam and coking coal imports and exports by origin and destination for major nonOECD coal importers and exporters. In order to provide a breakdown of trade between steam coal and coking coal, the data have been gathered from a variety of sources, including from official submissions by OECD Member countries to the IEA Secretariat and UNECE Member countries to the UNECE Secretariat (in Geneva), published national sources for each country and from commercial publications. Data reported by exporting countries have been used where no importing country detail is available. Similarly, importing country data have been used in cases where exporting countries do not provide a breakdown of their exports by coal type. Due to classification anomalies and differences in reporting methods and time periods covered, the detailed data in the trade tables may not agree with coal trade data presented elsewhere in Coal Information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.5

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 1980 (million tonnes) End-Use Sectors Steel Power and Industry Heat Plants Households

Production

Imports

Exports

1335.9 72.4 8.0 20.2 27.7 20.2 94.5 0.9 0.1 18.0 18.6 3.1 1.9 193.1 0.2 12.8 0.0 3.6 130.1 710.2 0.3

217.8 2.9 10.1 15.6 2.3 10.0 4.7 29.4 16.2 0.5 0.8 1.2 17.2 68.6 5.0 0.8 7.2 1.0 0.4 5.7 2.2 0.9 7.3 1.1 6.7

198.0 43.2 0.5 15.3 5.8 0.0 0.4 12.7 0.0 0.1 1.5 0.1 31.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 83.2 0.1

301.0 7.4 2.4 8.0 7.4 13.5 0.1 15.7 38.9 0.4 1.4 11.3 66.0 4.7 4.0 3.7 0.2 25.4 0.3 5.9 1.7 2.6 13.7 62.9 3.6

820.8 23.9 0.0 5.5 12.7 9.3 4.8 24.5 45.1 0.0 5.0 9.6 1.9 2.4 0.3 92.6 0.2 9.5 0.1 0.8 92.0 478.7 2.1

41.1 0.0 0.3 1.3 0.0 2.3 0.0 0.1 2.7 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.2 19.7 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.2 8.9 2.5 0.0

Non-OECD Europe Former USSR Former Yugoslavia Other Non-OECD Europe

561.7 553.0 0.4 8.3

21.5 7.3 3.4 10.8

29.4 29.4 -

142.1 131.5 3.3 7.2

161.0 154.9 0.3 5.8

0.0 0.0 -

Asia PR of China Hong Kong, China India Indonesia DPR of Korea Taipei, Chinese Other Asia

775.8 620.2 111.0 0.3 34.1 2.6 7.6

8.6 2.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.5 4.6 0.9

7.3 6.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6

150.6 127.3 17.4 0.0 4.3 1.5 0.1

179.7 126.5 44.0 5.3 2.4 1.5

120.8 115.7 4.4 0.6

Africa and Middle East Egypt Israel South Africa Zimbabwe Other Africa / Middle East

120.8 115.1 2.8 2.9

2.2 0.8 0.0 0.1 1.3

28.6 28.2 0.2 0.2

17.4 0.9 13.8 1.0 1.8

53.5 52.3 0.4 0.8

2.4 2.3 0.0 0.0

7.5 1.7 4.2 1.6

6.4 4.5 1.8

0.1 0.1 -

7.8 5.7 0.7 1.4

1.9 0.1 0.7 1.1

0.2 0.2 -

Total World 2801.7 256.5 263.3 618.8 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

1216.9

164.5

Total OECD Australia(1) Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan(1) Korea Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2)

Latin America Brazil Colombia Other Latin America

(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions. (2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.6 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 1985 (million tonnes) End-Use Sectors Steel Power and Industry Heat Plants Households

Production

Imports

Exports

1381.1 117.5 7.7 34.3 26.4 17.1 88.8 0.6 0.1 16.4 22.5 5.2 0.1 2.3 191.6 0.2 16.1 0.0 3.6 94.1 735.9 0.5

270.3 3.6 9.3 14.6 1.4 12.5 5.1 18.8 15.5 2.0 0.5 1.9 22.2 93.4 17.1 0.6 11.6 1.1 1.4 8.4 4.9 2.7 12.7 1.8 7.1

253.2 83.8 1.3 27.4 5.4 0.1 0.0 1.0 9.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.4 36.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 2.4 84.0 0.2

259.8 5.8 2.4 7.8 6.4 12.6 0.1 12.0 31.7 0.9 0.0 10.5 69.3 7.3 3.8 4.1 0.1 20.5 0.4 5.2 1.6 3.7 10.3 39.4 3.9

941.9 30.0 0.1 5.1 13.3 11.3 4.1 16.1 49.7 0.3 0.1 8.9 23.8 6.9 1.5 4.9 0.5 95.8 0.4 16.6 1.8 0.6 75.7 572.2 2.1

41.2 0.0 0.4 1.4 0.1 2.1 0.0 0.0 2.3 0.4 0.0 0.1 1.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 20.4 0.0 0.6 0.5 8.6 2.6 0.0

578.3 569.0 0.4 8.9

30.7 11.4 4.7 14.6

31.2 31.2 -

138.1 124.0 4.7 9.4

167.2 160.6 0.3 6.2

-

1041.4 837.3 150.5 2.0 40.0 1.9 9.8

25.6 2.3 5.5 2.0 0.0 2.5 10.1 3.2

10.0 7.8 0.2 1.1 0.3 0.6

134.7 107.5 18.9 0.0 5.0 2.6 0.7

273.6 179.0 5.2 74.7 0.2 6.0 5.2 3.3

161.4 156.2 4.6 0.5

180.1 173.5 3.1 3.5

6.8 1.2 3.1 0.0 2.5

47.8 47.6 0.1 0.1

17.6 1.2 13.0 0.8 2.6

68.9 2.9 64.0 0.9 1.1

1.9 1.9 0.1 0.0

12.3 1.7 8.8 1.9

9.7 8.0 1.6

3.2 3.2 -

11.8 9.5 0.8 1.5

2.4 0.1 1.1 1.2

0.2 0.2 0.0

Total World 3193.1 343.0 345.4 562.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

1453.9

204.7

Total OECD Australia(1) Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan(1) Korea Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Non-OECD Europe Former USSR Former Yugoslavia Other Non-OECD Europe Asia PR of China Hong Kong, China India Indonesia DPR of Korea Taipei, Chinese Other Asia Africa and Middle East Egypt Israel South Africa Zimbabwe Other Africa / Middle East Latin America Brazil Colombia Other Latin America

(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions. (2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.7

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 1990 (million tonnes) End-Use Sectors Steel Power and Industry Heat Plants Households

Production

Imports

Exports

1455.7 158.6 2.4 37.7 22.4 11.2 76.6 0.2 0.0 0.1 8.0 17.2 6.9 2.4 147.7 0.3 14.6 0.0 2.7 92.8 853.6 0.3

307.3 3.6 14.8 14.2 2.3 10.3 6.1 19.4 13.6 1.4 0.6 3.1 20.4 106.9 23.7 0.2 17.4 0.0 0.6 4.7 10.5 3.5 5.6 14.8 2.4 7.3

275.7 103.4 0.7 31.0 5.0 0.1 0.6 5.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 0.3 28.1 0.0 0.0 2.3 95.9 0.3

245.7 6.3 2.3 7.3 5.0 10.8 0.8 11.1 24.1 1.0 0.0 8.8 68.8 11.9 2.9 3.9 18.3 0.3 4.8 1.6 4.7 10.2 37.0 3.9

1028.5 38.2 1.4 6.6 12.2 4.9 9.4 3.9 11.0 51.9 2.0 10.8 31.1 7.7 4.0 8.7 0.3 77.6 3.3 18.9 1.2 0.5 84.0 637.0 2.0

25.3 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0 1.6 0.3 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 10.9 0.0 0.5 1.4 4.2 2.3 0.1

513.4 508.5 0.3 4.6

119.0 106.5 1.0 11.5

139.9 139.9 -

117.4 109.9 0.8 6.7

242.3 234.7 0.3 7.3

22.4 22.2 0.2

1319.0 1050.7 211.2 10.5 35.7 0.5 10.5

44.3 2.0 8.9 6.0 0.8 2.6 18.5 5.5

23.6 17.3 0.1 4.9 0.5 0.8

169.4 134.0 24.9 0.0 5.1 4.2 1.1

454.7 302.0 9.9 119.5 4.4 5.6 8.7 4.6

172.9 167.0 5.4 0.5

183.3 174.8 5.3 3.1

8.1 1.3 4.0 0.1 2.7

50.1 49.9 0.1 0.1

16.4 1.3 12.3 0.9 2.0

82.8 0.0 3.7 74.3 2.7 2.1

2.4 2.3 0.1 0.0

26.8 0.6 21.4 4.7

13.3 10.1 3.2

15.4 13.5 1.9

13.0 10.3 0.8 1.9

4.3 0.0 1.5 2.7

0.2 0.2 0.0

Total World 3498.1 492.1 504.7 561.9 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

1812.5

223.2

Total OECD Australia(1) Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan(1) Korea Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Non-OECD Europe Former USSR Former Yugoslavia Other Non-OECD Europe Asia PR of China Hong Kong, China India Indonesia DPR of Korea Taipei, Chinese Other Asia Africa and Middle East Egypt Israel South Africa Zimbabwe Other Africa / Middle East Latin America Brazil Colombia Other Latin America

(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions. (2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.8 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 1995 (million tonnes) End-Use Sectors Steel Power and Industry Heat Plants Households

Production

Imports

Exports

1404.8 191.1 0.0 0.6 38.6 17.7 8.5 58.9 0.0 6.3 5.7 9.3 3.2 137.2 13.5 2.2 53.0 858.6 0.3

351.1 3.0 14.1 9.7 2.7 13.0 5.8 13.2 15.1 1.4 1.4 2.9 18.5 127.4 45.8 0.8 17.2 1.5 6.0 13.4 3.5 5.9 15.9 6.5 6.4

298.5 136.7 0.0 0.8 34.2 7.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 1.9 0.0 0.0 2.9 1.3 31.9 0.0 0.9 80.3 0.2

214.4 6.1 1.9 4.9 4.2 7.5 1.7 9.4 13.8 1.4 7.0 66.4 14.1 2.7 4.0 16.6 0.5 3.3 1.7 4.2 8.1 31.3 3.5

1103.1 40.6 1.1 6.2 9.6 5.1 10.4 4.1 8.8 55.1 0.1 2.3 8.2 47.6 16.7 7.6 9.3 0.3 55.8 4.6 23.3 0.9 1.2 59.6 723.0 1.6

24.2 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 13.9 0.4 1.3 2.8 2.8 0.0

314.1 313.5 0.1 0.6

51.4 42.9 0.2 8.3

49.6 49.6 0.0 -

84.4 77.9 0.0 6.4

179.4 177.0 0.1 2.2

15.4 15.4 -

1692.0 1343.0 268.3 41.1 23.7 0.2 15.6

62.2 1.6 9.1 12.5 0.6 1.0 28.7 8.6

63.9 28.6 0.7 31.3 0.4 2.9

270.9 232.9 31.2 0.0 1.0 4.7 1.1

734.4 502.3 9.7 190.5 5.6 4.0 16.5 5.8

141.2 134.8 5.4 0.9

214.2 206.2 4.7 3.3

12.4 1.5 7.1 0.4 3.5

59.9 59.7 0.2 0.0

12.2 1.7 7.7 0.7 2.0

99.2 6.6 86.4 2.8 3.3

2.6 2.6 0.0 0.0

31.3 0.2 25.7 5.5

15.7 11.8 3.9

22.6 18.3 4.3

14.0 11.4 1.1 1.5

4.7 0.0 1.8 2.9

0.2 0.2 0.0

Total World 3656.5 492.8 494.5 595.8 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

2120.7

183.6

Total OECD Australia(1) Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan(1) Korea Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Non-OECD Europe Former USSR Former Yugoslavia Other Non-OECD Europe Asia PR of China Hong Kong, China India Indonesia DPR of Korea Taipei, Chinese Other Asia Africa and Middle East Egypt Israel South Africa Zimbabwe Other Africa / Middle East Latin America Brazil Colombia Other Latin America

(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions. (2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.9

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 2000 (million tonnes) End-Use Sectors Steel Power and Industry Heat Plants Households

Production

Imports

Exports

1394.6 239.4 0.4 33.8 14.9 3.8 37.4 3.0 4.2 11.3 3.6 103.3 11.3 2.4 31.2 894.0 0.6

438.8 3.4 11.3 15.0 1.1 6.4 5.1 19.0 27.9 1.2 1.2 2.7 19.0 150.3 63.7 2.4 22.3 1.5 6.4 21.6 3.1 13.0 23.4 11.3 6.3

315.5 187.0 1.4 32.5 5.9 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.1 1.5 23.2 0.0 0.7 53.0 0.6

198.1 4.9 1.9 4.3 4.2 5.4 1.3 7.0 11.6 1.3 6.7 65.1 16.4 2.7 3.0 13.2 0.5 3.8 1.8 4.3 8.2 27.3 3.2

1250.9 51.1 1.4 4.4 15.8 3.9 6.2 3.5 10.2 51.8 0.0 2.3 9.5 64.9 36.2 9.6 8.6 0.5 51.7 5.2 28.1 0.5 1.9 46.9 835.5 1.4

14.8 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.5 0.1 0.8 1.9 2.2 0.0

289.7 289.2 0.1 0.4

41.4 34.5 0.9 6.0

68.0 68.0 0.0 -

83.8 80.1 0.1 3.6

144.0 141.3 0.6 2.1

16.5 16.4 0.0

1659.8 1231.2 311.4 76.6 22.5 0.1 18.0

89.7 2.2 6.1 20.9 0.1 0.1 45.4 14.8

117.8 55.1 1.3 57.4 0.4 3.7

230.7 195.5 26.3 1.1 0.1 6.7 1.0

941.5 613.0 6.9 259.5 13.7 3.8 32.2 12.4

78.4 71.7 5.6 1.1

231.7 0.1 224.2 4.3 3.2

18.8 1.8 9.9 1.1 0.0 5.9

70.6 0.6 69.9 0.0 0.1

11.6 1.4 6.8 1.0 2.3

114.7 10.2 98.1 2.0 4.3

1.6 1.5 0.0 0.0

46.9 0.2 38.2 8.5

19.9 13.2 6.6

43.3 35.4 7.9

15.1 12.1 1.2 1.8

5.8 0.1 1.6 4.1

0.1 0.1 -

Total World 3622.8 608.6 615.2 539.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

2457.0

111.3

Total OECD Australia(1) Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan(1) Korea Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Non-OECD Europe Former USSR Former Yugoslavia Other Non-OECD Europe Asia PR of China Hong Kong, China India Indonesia DPR of Korea Taipei, Chinese Other Asia Africa and Middle East Egypt Israel South Africa Zimbabwe Other Africa / Middle East Latin America Brazil Colombia Other Latin America

(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions. (2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.10 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 2003 (million tonnes) End-Use Sectors Steel Power and Industry Heat Plants Households

Production

Imports

Exports

1403.8 274.9 0.1 26.6 13.6 2.2 28.8 0.3 3.3 9.6 4.9 102.9 9.4 2.1 28.3 893.9 2.9

502.6 4.0 9.4 13.6 1.3 9.5 10.1 16.8 34.9 0.7 1.1 2.6 20.6 166.4 73.6 7.2 21.6 2.5 5.3 21.6 3.2 16.2 31.9 22.6 5.9

312.6 208.7 1.0 25.0 5.7 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.3 2.2 20.1 0.0 0.5 38.9 2.7

186.2 4.8 1.9 3.6 4.2 4.9 1.3 6.5 9.7 0.8 5.4 68.0 16.7 1.8 3.1 14.3 3.8 1.9 4.1 5.8 20.2 3.3

1214.8 54.1 2.1 3.6 12.0 3.8 9.3 7.4 9.7 51.1 0.0 0.2 2.2 14.0 80.0 49.1 13.9 9.2 1.5 52.5 5.1 26.5 0.7 3.6 53.1 748.4 1.6

11.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.2 0.1 1.0 1.0 0.0

322.2 322.1 0.1 0.1

46.7 39.1 1.2 6.4

84.5 84.5 0.0 0.0

87.9 84.1 0.0 3.7

160.0 156.7 0.9 2.4

11.6 11.5 0.2

2190.2 1670.2 358.4 115.3 22.3 24.1

121.5 11.1 10.7 21.7 0.0 0.2 54.7 23.1

187.7 94.0 1.6 84.7 0.3 7.1

332.9 289.6 35.0 0.2 0.2 7.1 0.8

1254.4 875.7 10.3 284.0 23.0 3.7 41.1 16.6

78.8 71.9 5.5 1.3

245.3 0.0 238.8 3.5 3.0

22.9 1.8 12.3 1.6 0.0 7.2

71.6 0.0 71.5 0.0 0.0

11.6 1.9 6.3 0.8 2.5

123.8 12.7 103.9 1.8 5.4

3.8 3.8 0.0 0.0

58.1 0.2 50.5 7.5

19.7 13.0 6.7

52.4 45.6 6.7

14.7 11.5 1.0 2.3

5.8 0.1 1.8 3.9

0.1 0.1 0.0

Total World 4219.7 713.5 708.8 633.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

2758.8

105.4

Total OECD Australia(1) Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan(1) Korea Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Non-OECD Europe Former USSR Former Yugoslavia Other Non-OECD Europe Asia PR of China Hong Kong, China India Indonesia DPR of Korea Taipei, Chinese Other Asia Africa and Middle East Egypt Israel South Africa Zimbabwe Other Africa / Middle East Latin America Brazil Colombia Other Latin America

(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions. (2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.11

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 2004 (million tonnes) End-Use Sectors Steel Power and Industry Heat Plants Households

Production

Imports

Exports

1462.4 285.9 0.2 29.3 15.6 0.9 29.2 0.1 3.2 9.9 4.9 101.2 8.9 1.9 25.1 943.3 2.9

539.2 4.4 9.8 12.6 1.6 7.6 8.3 19.5 39.5 0.8 1.3 2.9 24.7 180.8 79.0 4.1 22.6 0.9 2.3 5.2 24.5 3.2 16.4 36.2 24.6 6.4

329.2 218.4 0.0 1.3 25.7 5.6 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.3 1.9 19.7 0.0 0.6 43.4 2.7

188.5 5.2 1.9 3.7 4.4 5.3 1.3 6.3 11.3 0.8 5.6 67.4 17.2 1.8 3.2 14.2 4.1 1.9 4.4 5.6 19.5 3.4

1226.0 55.1 2.1 3.0 10.9 3.7 7.0 6.5 9.1 52.4 0.2 2.2 16.7 83.9 50.3 11.5 8.9 1.9 51.9 5.3 28.2 0.6 4.5 50.9 757.5 1.6

11.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.2 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.0

332.2 332.1 0.1 0.0

43.1 33.9 1.4 7.8

96.5 96.5 0.0 0.0

94.6 90.9 0.0 3.7

150.7 147.4 0.9 2.4

11.0 10.8 0.2

2528.3 1956.0 382.0 132.4 22.8 35.1

145.8 18.6 10.7 28.5 0.1 0.2 60.6 27.1

195.9 86.6 1.3 96.3 0.3 11.5

358.9 308.4 41.4 0.2 0.2 7.4 1.3

1451.7 1035.1 10.7 316.1 22.9 3.8 43.0 20.1

79.7 72.0 5.6 2.1

249.4 0.0 242.8 3.4 3.1

24.3 1.9 12.8 1.7 0.0 7.9

68.2 0.0 67.9 0.0 0.1

11.4 1.9 6.6 0.7 2.3

132.3 12.8 111.3 2.2 6.0

4.5 4.4 0.0 0.0

61.5 0.3 54.2 7.0

22.1 14.1 0.0 8.0

57.7 50.9 6.7

16.3 13.3 0.9 2.1

6.8 0.1 1.7 5.0

0.1 0.1 -

Total World 4633.8 774.5 747.4 669.8 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

2967.5

106.2

Total OECD Australia(1) Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan(1) Korea Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Non-OECD Europe Former USSR Former Yugoslavia Other Non-OECD Europe Asia PR of China Hong Kong, China India Indonesia DPR of Korea Taipei, Chinese Other Asia Africa and Middle East Egypt Israel South Africa Zimbabwe Other Africa / Middle East Latin America Brazil Colombia Other Latin America

(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions. (2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.12 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 2005 (million tonnes) End-Use Sectors Steel Power and Industry Heat Plants Households

Production

Imports

Exports

1487.2 304.9 0.1 28.6 13.3 0.6 28.0 0.1 2.8 10.8 5.0 97.9 8.5 2.2 20.5 962.4 1.5

535.8 4.3 8.8 12.6 1.3 6.0 4.7 19.9 37.1 0.6 1.4 2.9 24.2 174.7 76.8 7.3 20.4 1.1 3.4 5.3 24.8 3.2 17.4 44.0 27.5 6.3

342.8 231.3 0.0 1.2 28.2 5.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.4 2.3 19.4 0.0 0.5 45.1 1.7

184.2 5.5 1.9 3.5 4.3 5.1 1.3 6.2 11.4 0.8 5.9 67.4 16.6 1.8 3.2 11.6 3.8 2.0 4.3 5.6 18.6 3.3

1241.4 63.4 1.9 3.0 10.2 3.3 5.9 2.9 10.3 47.4 0.2 2.3 16.0 89.1 52.7 14.9 8.3 2.5 50.9 5.4 27.9 0.4 5.2 52.5 763.1 1.6

11.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.0 0.3 1.0 0.6 0.0

345.9 345.8 0.1 0.0

40.2 31.9 1.1 7.3

108.6 108.6 0.0 -

89.7 85.9 0.0 3.8

151.1 147.6 0.9 2.6

5.4 5.2 0.0 0.2

2781.4 2158.9 403.0 152.2 24.1 43.2

165.4 26.2 10.8 38.6 0.1 0.2 60.4 29.2

203.9 71.7 2.0 111.0 0.3 19.0

432.6 382.5 42.0 0.2 0.2 7.1 0.6

1609.3 1166.4 10.8 334.7 25.7 4.0 45.7 21.9

84.7 77.5 5.5 1.6

252.0 0.0 245.0 3.6 3.4

25.4 1.9 12.7 1.9 0.1 9.0

71.5 0.0 71.4 0.1

12.6 1.9 7.6 0.8 2.3

130.8 12.1 109.2 2.3 7.1

4.9 4.9 0.0 0.0

67.4 0.5 59.1 7.8

22.4 13.7 0.0 8.7

60.8 53.6 7.2

16.0 12.9 1.0 2.1

6.6 0.1 1.7 4.9

0.1 0.1 -

Total World 4934.0 789.2 787.7 735.1 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

3139.1

106.5

Total OECD Australia(1) Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan(1) Korea Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Non-OECD Europe Former USSR Former Yugoslavia Other Non-OECD Europe Asia PR of China Hong Kong, China India Indonesia DPR of Korea Taipei, Chinese Other Asia Africa and Middle East Egypt Israel South Africa Zimbabwe Other Africa / Middle East Latin America Brazil Colombia Other Latin America

(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions. (2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.13

Brazil COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

3.6 5.3 -0.4

5.1 8.6 0.7

2.8 11.3 -0.2

2.9 14.1 0.0

3.7 15.5 0.1

3.1 16.8 0.3

3.6 16.1 -0.0 -0.1

-2.5 7.9 x

1.7 2.4 x

Primary Supply

8.5

14.4

13.8

17.1

19.4

20.3

19.6

5.0

2.3

Statistical Difference

0.2

0.2

0.1

-0.0

0.1

-0.1

-0.1

x

x

Total Transformation

-4.2

-6.4

-7.0

-8.3

-9.9

-9.0

-7.9

5.2

0.9

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-1.3 -1.0 -0.3

-2.0 -1.5 -0.5

-2.1 -1.4 -0.7

-2.5 -1.9 -0.6

-4.6 -3.3 -1.3

-3.9 -2.5 -1.4

-4.2 -2.7 -1.5

5.3 3.6 10.1

4.6 4.3 5.3

-

-0.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-2.9 -2.1 -0.8 -

-4.4 -3.3 -1.2 -

-4.8 -3.3 -1.5 -

-5.8 -4.5 -1.4 -

-5.3 -4.3 -0.9 -

-5.1 -4.3 -0.8 -

-3.8 -3.5 -0.2 -

5.1 4.6 6.4 -

-1.7 0.4 -11.9 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.4

-0.8

-0.8

-0.9

-0.8

-0.8

-0.9

6.2

1.2

-0.9

-1.5

-0.9

-1.0

-0.5

-0.4

-0.5

x

x

3.1

5.9

5.3

6.9

8.3

10.0

10.1

5.3

4.4

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

3.0 2.4 0.0 0.4 0.1

5.6 3.5 0.2 1.4 0.2

5.1 3.5 0.1 0.9 0.2

6.8 5.2 0.2 0.7 0.1

8.1 6.5 0.1 0.3 0.1

9.8 8.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

9.9 8.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

5.6 4.1 47.6 7.2 8.3

4.5 5.7 -0.8 -10.7 -6.0

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-

-12.3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Non-energy Use 0.1 0.2 0.1 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

-0.8

2.6

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.14 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Brazil HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Hard Coal

3547

4515

8049

10146

11790

14833

13112

14910

13398

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

3503 164 600 15 2724 -

4405 626 275 2876 -

7958 958 899 861 5240 -

9801 1291 1108 1249 5219 -

11438 3448 625 790 5498 -

10695 5247 1382 4066 -

9953 4538 1682 3078 195

11030 5037 1849 3766 113

12013 4775 1527 70 4129 280

-

328 300 -

-

254 670 10

85 932 39 21

-

217 243 -

265 -

169 249 73 620 121

44 11 -

110 12 98 -

91 13 78 -

345 158 98 5 5 79 -

352 140 37 13 -

4138 18 2 -

3159 596 37

3880 33 693 676

1385 55 176 -

Venezuela 33 Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

62 100 -

585 149 468 1919 997 -

547 336 262 529 439 413

385 447 220 262 471 37 424 131 101

387 160 463 144 -

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries. * In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data * reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with * data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.15

Bulgaria COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

7.4 6.1 -0.1

7.5 7.4 -

7.7 5.5 -0.1 0.1

7.6 3.5 -0.0 -0.2

6.2 3.5 -0.2 -0.2

6.5 4.2 -0.0 -0.4

6.0 3.7 -0.0 0.3

0.4 -1.0 x

-1.7 -2.7 -8.5 x

Primary Supply

13.4

15.0

13.2

10.9

9.2

10.3

9.9

-0.1

-1.9

Statistical Difference

0.3

0.4

0.2

0.1

0.0

-0.0

0.1

x

x

Total Transformation

-8.6

-8.8

-10.9

-9.3

-7.9

-8.7

-8.7

2.4

-1.5

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-7.7 -7.4 -0.2

-7.8 -7.6 -0.3

-10.2 -9.4 -0.7

-8.2 -7.3 -0.9

-7.1 -6.8 -0.2

-8.1 -7.9 -0.2

-8.2 -7.9 -0.2

2.9 2.5 11.6

-1.5 -1.2 -7.8

Autoproducers Gas Works

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(2)

-0.9 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2 -

-1.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -

-0.7 -0.3 -0.0 -0.4 -

-1.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -

-0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -

-0.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -

-0.6 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -

-2.5 1.1 -20.5 4.9 -

-1.5 -9.1 15.4 -7.0 -

Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-0.2

-0.2

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-

2.2

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

x

x

5.1

6.5

2.3

1.6

1.0

1.3

1.1

-7.6

-4.9

3.6 0.5 -

5.2 0.7 -

1.2 0.8 0.2 0.1 -

0.9 0.6 0.1 0.1 -

0.7 0.2 0.2 0.1 -

0.9 0.3 0.1 0.3 -

0.7 0.3 0.1 0.2 -

-10.2 3.7 -

-3.4 -6.5 -2.4 4.7 -

-

-

-

0.0

-

0.0

-

-

-

1.5 1.2

1.4 1.1

1.1 0.0 1.0

0.7 0.0 0.7

0.3 0.3

0.4 0.0 0.4

0.4 0.0 0.3

-3.1 -2.3

-7.1 -5.6 -6.8

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

-

-

-

-

-

-

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.16 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Bulgaria HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Hard Coal

6201

6732

8054

5790

3453

1184

2586

1134

2325

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

1921 -

1926 -

1553 29 -

1100 44 -

1734 177 542 5

536 140 298 -

841 139 -

-

607 138 -

1921 -

1926 -

203 1321 -

156 900 -

100 110 800 -

98 -

414 288 -

-

469 -

4280 -

4806 -

6501 -

4690 -

1719 5 4

648 -

1745 66 21 226 -

1134 66 100 38 -

1718 85 127 -

4280 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

4806 -

6501 -

4690 -

60 1010 640 -

285 363 -

509 923 -

258 623 49

30 1047 429 -

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries. * In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data * reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with * data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.17

People's Republic of China COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

443.9 1.5 -6.0 7.1

584.4 1.7 -7.4 -18.9

748.4 1.5 -17.3 22.5

965.5 1.2 -35.0 -2.7

927.7 2.1 -65.1 29.1

1475.8 16.2 -94.4 -6.7

1636.2 21.3 -79.0 -24.8

5.4 -0.0 11.1 x

5.4 19.4 10.7 x

Primary Supply

446.5

559.8

755.1

928.9

893.8

1390.9

1553.7

5.4

4.9

Statistical Difference

-15.6

-15.6

-36.8

43.0

9.9

0.9

10.2

x

x

Total Transformation

-116.1

-147.6

-247.4

-415.3

-491.2

-849.2

-964.0

7.9

9.5

-88.7 -88.2 -0.5

-122.4 -121.8 -0.6

-209.8 -208.6 -1.2

-350.4 -347.9 -2.5

-450.1 -445.7 -4.4

-756.4 -748.2 -8.2

-855.3 -845.7 -9.5

9.0 9.0 9.5

9.8 9.8 14.7

-1.1

-0.7

-3.2

-5.5

-5.9

-9.4

-9.5

11.2

7.4

-26.3 -16.2 -10.1 -

-24.5 -16.7 -7.8 -

-34.3 -26.6 -7.7 -

-59.4 -49.6 -9.8 -0.1

-35.2 -32.6 -2.4 -0.1

-83.4 -62.3 -18.1 -3.1

-99.3 -81.6 -14.6 -3.1

2.7 5.1 -2.7 -

7.3 7.8 4.4 -

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-4.5

-8.2

-21.3

-39.7

-44.9

-60.8

-66.6

16.8

7.9

-

-

-

-

-0.1

-

-

x

x

310.2

388.3

449.6

517.0

367.5

481.8

533.3

3.8

1.1

194.0 53.6 41.8 32.5 5.5

223.2 35.9 30.9 59.4 8.5

253.0 43.4 31.7 70.4 10.0

350.8 74.2 61.3 95.5 14.0

260.4 73.1 40.9 74.3 8.9

354.8 113.3 35.4 118.5 12.4

399.7 146.9 40.1 121.8 12.2

2.7 -2.1 -2.7 8.0 6.2

3.1 8.5 1.6 3.7 1.3

13.6

15.8

14.1

9.1

7.8

5.9

5.8

0.4

-5.7

102.7 3.2 80.7

137.6 4.9 106.7

155.1 8.6 116.9

137.5 7.9 100.5

86.8 7.2 60.3

91.2 7.1 61.6

96.3 7.4 65.9

4.2 10.3 3.8

-3.1 -1.0 -3.7

Non-energy Use 11.7 27.4 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

19.7

12.4

29.9

31.6

-

0.9

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.18 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

People's Republic of China HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

2440

1990

2307

2003

1635

2119

18846

25343

37485

-

-

200 200 -

900 600 300 -

354 248 106

547 547 -

6987 3248 1975 70 118

7193 3436 1228 170

8662 2460 146 113

-

-

-

-

-

-

37 1539

58 2301

3749 33 7 2154

2440 -

1990 -

2107 -

1103 -

1281 1064 -

1572 1034 -

11859 2105 58 21

18150 2449 13 844

28823 4437 -

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 2440 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

1990

2107

1103

171 46 -

141 325 72 -

1278 533 6 6177 1681

2399 839 10180 1426

1417 958 1 20079 1931

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries. * In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data * reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with * data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.19

People's Republic of China COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

300

1400

2500

4000

4555

6470

6446

6062

4365

300 300 -

979 979 -

1211 1211 -

1302 1301 1 -

3312 63 63 2201 985 -

5989 3631 2358 -

5936 45 3442 2449 -

5506 3625 1724 157 -

3955 2010 1514 66 291 74

-

421 300 121 -

1289 400 889 -

2698 100 400 2198 -

1243 57 48 125 2 1011 -

481 21 360 100 -

510 310 200 -

556 533 23 -

410 347 63 -

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.20 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

People's Republic of China STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2)

2820

4920

5270

13280

24062

48578

80152

65724

58893

534 21 513 -

1703 83 209 53 1086 200 72 -

2663 112 29 46 9 2427 1 34 5

6879 292 57 100 1776 8 310 3258 838 152 4 8 69 7

17482 406 956 57 455 7717 7362 449 80 -

33172 109 114 452 228 383 12585 18760 2 146 36 199 43 107 8 -

51141 82 35 405 270 163 136 190 25029 22348 2 312 57 1830 177 105 -

41676 282 66 8 75 19550 19484 8 141 23 175 1651 155 58 -

38333 189 18580 17436 178 1866 34 50 -

Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

2286 2286 -

3217 2517 700 -

2607 700 1907 -

6401 1708 4693 -

6580 29 3988 1469 264 13 103 714 -

15406 585 9076 1963 1562 36 2182 2 -

29011 548 19854 1124 2775 2 29 186 6 4445 33 9

24006 278 16232 944 3322 2 131 3 3032 62 -

20551 117 13258 855 4654 1 14 8 1637 7

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

-

-

-

42

9

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.21

Chinese Taipei COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

2.3 4.5 -0.0 -1.2

1.6 9.5 -0.0 -0.9

0.4 17.3 -1.7

0.2 26.9 -2.5

0.1 42.6 -0.6

56.8 -3.2

56.5 -1.1

-15.6 14.5 x

8.2 x

Primary Supply

5.6

10.2

16.0

24.6

42.0

53.5

55.4

11.2

8.6

Statistical Difference

0.0

-0.0

-0.2

-0.4

-0.7

-1.1

-1.2

x

x

Total Transformation

-2.4

-6.0

-10.1

-17.1

-32.6

-42.3

-44.6

15.4

10.4

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-2.2 -2.2 -

-5.0 -4.8 -0.3

-8.4 -7.3 -1.1

-15.5 -12.6 -2.9

-29.9 -23.0 -6.9

-39.9 -29.2 -10.7

-42.3 -31.2 -11.1

14.3 12.6 -

11.4 10.2 16.6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.2 -0.2 -

-1.0 -0.8 -0.2 -

-1.7 -1.4 -0.3 -

-1.6 -1.5 -0.1 -

-2.6 -2.2 -0.4 -

-2.4 -2.0 -0.4 -

-2.3 -2.0 -0.2 -

23.3 4.6 -

1.7 2.4 -2.0 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

-22.0

-

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

x

x

3.1

4.1

5.7

7.0

8.7

10.1

9.7

6.3

3.6

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

3.0 1.2 0.2 1.2 0.1

4.0 1.2 0.4 2.2 0.1

5.7 1.9 0.9 2.5 0.3

7.0 2.3 1.4 2.9 0.4

8.6 3.4 2.7 2.2 0.3

9.8 4.0 3.1 2.3 0.3

9.5 3.8 3.0 2.3 0.4

6.8 4.6 15.4 7.4 11.3

3.5 4.7 8.3 -0.7 2.6

Transport sector(6)

0.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.1 0.0

0.1 0.0 0.0

0.0 -

-

0.0 -

-

-

-23.3 -

-

Non-energy Use 0.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

-

0.1

0.2

0.2

-

-

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.22 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Chinese Taipei HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Hard Coal

1386

4637

10092

18468

28681

45503

60231

61370

63539

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

1386 918 263 205 -

1513 900 250 163 -

2562 1837 475 250 -

4237 2749 1050 438 -

4580 3451 693 336 -

6093 3524 1232 -

7276 5883 1089 304 -

4549 3866 215 74 -

6019 3977 845 -

-

200 -

-

-

100 -

1337 -

-

4 177 27 186

1070 127 -

-

3124 1512 -

7530 3400 2800 -

14231 3800 3677 -

24101 6321 2442 -

39410 12474 514 1290

52955 11680 1 220 120

56821 15821 598 22

57520 18438 429 159

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

1612 -

100 1230 -

529 625 5600 -

3893 6203 5073 106 63 -

8371 13740 2873 78 70

19626 18794 1281 1055 1 122 55

19663 19132 342 750 493

12742 24297 67 1305 50 33

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries. * In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data * reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with * data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.23

Colombia COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

3.9 -0.1 0.1

8.1 -3.0 -0.9

19.8 -12.6 -2.8

23.8 -17.1 -1.6

35.5 -33.0 1.3

50.3 0.0 -47.4 0.3

54.8 0.0 -49.8 -1.2

17.8 57.9 x

7.0 9.6 x

Primary Supply

3.8

4.3

4.4

5.1

3.8

3.2

3.9

1.5

-0.9

Statistical Difference

-0.3

-0.2

0.3

0.1

1.6

1.3

0.8

x

x

Total Transformation

-1.5

-2.0

-2.3

-2.4

-2.0

-2.1

-2.1

4.6

-0.8

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-0.7 -0.4 -0.3

-1.1 -0.8 -0.3

-1.5 -1.0 -0.5

-1.7 -1.2 -0.5

-1.6 -1.0 -0.6

-1.7 -1.1 -0.6

-1.6 -1.0 -0.6

8.2 9.5 6.2

0.6 0.2 1.3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.8 -0.6 -0.3 -

-0.9 -0.6 -0.3 -

-0.8 -0.6 -0.2 -

-0.7 -0.6 -0.1 -

-0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -

-0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -

-0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -

0.5 1.1 -0.8 -

-4.3 -3.8 -5.8 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.1

-0.0

-0.1

-0.1

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

0.7

-0.7

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

x

x

1.9

2.0

2.3

2.7

3.2

2.3

2.5

1.7

0.5

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

1.7 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.2

1.8 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.3

2.1 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.3

2.5 0.5 0.1 0.9 0.4

3.1 0.6 0.2 1.2 0.5

2.2 0.5 0.1 0.8 0.4

2.4 0.5 0.1 0.9 0.4

2.2 -1.3 -1.9 2.9 2.8

0.8 9.8 2.9 -1.9 2.4

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

-11.8

-4.5

0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.1

-2.6 -2.6

-4.3 -4.3

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.24 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Colombia COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2)

100

90

93

128

1062

159

462

143

-

-

-

50 1 49 -

82 76 6 -

657 420 30 1 158 10 38 -

8 8 -

462 426 36 -

143 93 50 -

-

Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

100 100 -

90 90 -

43 43 -

46 46 -

405 405 -

151 151 -

-

-

-

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.25

Colombia STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2)

50

5

3073

13377

17212

33565

51209

55321

59689

-

-

1487 51 332 347 2 19 180 150 134 183 89 -

12075 170 2077 334 2033 351 290 35 1634 390 404 108 2136 1305 808

14306 269 213 1116 203 1228 995 148 27 2450 155 727 665 2648 2483 979

30706 153 1590 819 2832 899 1694 6822 2544 908 83 4950 6412 1000

42024 156 1671 1388 3348 847 2441 9136 2550 1289 184 2169 2353 13341 1151

46046 510 2132 1252 2228 626 2496 8547 2521 1988 2580 2633 17640 893

52793 1944 1998 158 3341 2117 71 1992 29 9143 2920 1501 2641 2512 21297 1129

Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

50 50 -

5 5 -

410 100 100 210 -

1250 600 548 29 73 -

2906 69 200 344 886 51 1356 -

2737 149 526 773 69 425 795 -

9185 442 872 2838 572 891 3570 -

8941 286 673 4722 7 549 2704 -

6896 268 598 3371 120 28 357 2154 -

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

1176

52

-

122

-

334

-

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.26 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Hong Kong (China) COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

0.0 -

4.9 -

7.8 -

8.0 -

5.3 -

9.4 -

9.5 -

98.6 x

1.3 x

Primary Supply

0.0

4.9

7.8

8.0

5.3

9.4

9.5

98.6

1.3

Statistical Difference

-

-0.3

0.8

0.5

0.7

-

-

x

x

Total Transformation

-0.0

-4.5

-8.7

-8.5

-6.0

-9.4

-9.5

123.4

0.6

-

-4.5 -4.5 -

-8.7 -8.7 -

-8.5 -8.5 -

-6.0 -6.0 -

-9.4 -9.4 -

-9.5 -9.5 -

-

0.6 0.6 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-

-

-

-8.9 -8.9 -

-

Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-17.9

-

0.0 0.0 -

0.0 0.0 -

0.0 0.0 -

0.0 0.0 -

-

-

-

-17.9 -12.3 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

-

-

-

-

-

-

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.27

Hong Kong (China) HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Hard Coal

8

3

5523

8928

9109

6058

10444

10823

11402

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

-

-

-

-

-

43 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

43 -

-

-

-

8 -

3 -

5523 1986 584 -

8928 3003 108 -

9109 2568 -

6015 276 -

10444 869 -

10823 -

11402 239 -

8 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

3 -

709 2244 -

1708 234 659 3216 -

1233 344 2192 2770 2 -

2265 2846 567 61 -

1012 8563 -

938 9825 60 -

818 10219 126 -

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries. * In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data * reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with * data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.28 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

India COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

76.6 0.5 -0.1 -2.5

105.2 2.0 -0.1 1.4

149.6 5.9 -0.1 -3.9

186.9 12.4 -0.5 -0.7

208.9 21.0 -1.0 5.8

253.6 28.4 -1.0 3.8

266.1 37.1 -1.4 -4.7

6.9 27.4 -0.9 x

3.9 13.0 22.6 x

Primary Supply

74.5

108.4

151.5

198.1

234.8

284.9

297.1

7.4

4.6

Statistical Difference

2.2

2.3

2.1

2.2

2.1

0.9

-1.3

x

x

Total Transformation

-36.6

-58.6

-92.8

-144.7

-189.7

-229.8

-241.1

9.8

6.6

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-30.2 -25.0 -5.2

-51.3 -44.6 -6.7

-82.9 -74.8 -8.2

-131.8 -121.2 -10.5

-175.7 -161.2 -14.5

-210.4 -191.3 -19.1

-222.2 -204.0 -18.2

10.6 11.6 4.6

6.8 6.9 5.5

-

-

-

-

-0.1

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-6.4 -0.1 -4.8 -1.5 -

-7.2 -0.2 -4.8 -2.2 -

-9.9 -0.3 -4.9 -4.8 -

-13.0 -0.2 -5.4 -7.3 -

-13.9 -0.2 -8.7 -5.0 -

-19.4 -0.2 -8.1 -11.0 -

-18.9 -0.3 -8.6 -10.0 -

4.5 7.9 0.1 12.6 -

4.4 0.4 3.8 5.1 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.9

-1.3

-1.8

-1.7

-1.0

-0.6

-0.8

6.9

-5.6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

39.2

50.8

59.0

53.9

46.2

55.4

53.9

4.2

-0.6

21.0 8.5 1.9 5.1 1.4

31.5 9.2 2.7 6.2 1.8

40.3 11.7 3.9 9.5 2.0

37.7 14.6 4.7 9.9 2.3

34.4 12.1 3.5 12.7 1.8

42.1 17.8 2.9 13.3 1.9

42.1 18.4 1.9 14.8 2.0

6.7 3.3 7.4 6.3 3.6

0.3 3.1 -4.9 3.0 -0.0

7.8

6.4

3.5

0.2

-

-

-

-7.8

-

10.4 4.4 3.2

13.0 5.0 3.6

15.2 5.3 4.3

16.1 5.6 4.2

11.9 4.1 4.0

13.3 4.0 3.9

11.8 4.2 3.9

3.9 1.7 3.0

-1.7 -1.5 -0.6

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.29

India HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Hard Coal

220

550

2030

5100

12510

16565

30960

37149

40529

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

220 20 200 -

550 287 263 -

1936 1936 -

5000 4665 284 51

9370 8283 187

8372 7824 11 63

15951 14833 49 743 -

19560 15903 1049 115

18626 15549 697 672

-

-

-

-

900

474 -

286 40 -

754 1711 28 -

781 514 250 163

-

-

94 94 -

100 100 -

3140 1

8193 2748 -

15009 1507 1 223 -

17589 839 72 -

21903 439 -

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

399 2740

1610 2256 1507 72 -

2605 9912 683 78 -

2589 11657 2360 28 44

3206 16045 2204 9 -

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries. * In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data * reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with * data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.30 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Indonesia COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.0

1.8 0.0 -0.9 -

9.2 0.7 -4.3 -

36.1 0.6 -27.5 -0.1

67.3 0.1 -50.4 -

116.3 0.1 -84.6 -

133.8 0.1 -97.6 -

42.5 35.0 45.8 x

19.5 -13.1 23.2 x

Primary Supply

0.2

0.8

5.6

9.1

17.0

31.8

36.3

37.2

13.2

Statistical Difference

0.0

-0.3

-0.8

-2.0

2.6

-

-

x

x

Total Transformation

-0.0

-0.2

-3.9

-4.9

-12.1

-20.1

-22.6

75.0

12.4

-

-0.1 -0.1 -

-3.9 -3.9 -

-4.9 -4.9 -

-12.1 -12.1 -

-20.1 -20.1 -

-22.6 -22.6 -

-

12.4 12.4 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0

-0.0 -0.0

0.0 0.0

-

3.9 3.9 -

-

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.1

-0.1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

0.2

0.4

0.9

2.2

7.6

11.7

13.7

15.7

19.8

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 -

0.3 0.0 0.3 -

0.9 0.0 0.8 -

2.2 0.0 1.6 0.5

7.6 1.0 2.0 0.7

11.7 0.2 4.9 1.0

13.7 0.2 4.7 1.0

16.9 3.1 26.3 -

19.8 14.7 12.1 -

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.0 -

-

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

-

-

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.31

Indonesia COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2)

-

-

103

286

2411

4254

15309

18948

25347

-

-

103 103 -

286 240 46 -

2411 2153 44 214 -

4254 3604 209 441 -

15193 18 15175 -

15717 44 359 14000 694 508 46 66

10755 167 33 584 3558 1440 491 1993 733 1000 756

Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

-

-

-

-

-

-

116 116 -

3231 218 1103 454 1065 370 21 -

14059 1847 1801 2830 3239 75 4096 171 -

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

533

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.32 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Indonesia STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2)

32

112

978

4574

28908

54480

80840

90909

103995

-

9 9 -

306 306 -

891 6 38 663 33 133 18

11024 18 285 65 172 31 5998 1795 855 881 86 748 90

26318 105 133 1637 13101 4825 2700 7 70 2793 627 320

31318 240 184 315 56 3 4795 7199 11276 806 2513 42 702 1624 1563

36055 6 306 109 80 2422 10238 9270 1076 119 3146 1772 1884 5627

50122 59 67 310 73 3022 23016 9486 4384 314 2239 1876 1505 3771

Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

32 32 -

103 103 -

672 672 -

3683 70 105 546 660 110 2192 -

17866 123 719 336 5556 4481 1800 4582 269 -

28162 468 906 142 11786 2816 3373 8032 567 72 -

49522 326 584 1206 16614 6732 9145 69 13610 1082 154 -

46429 146 889 1008 13421 8515 7675 155 14091 449 53 15 12

44806 150 1623 2242 15186 6544 7536 122 10957 446 -

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

18

-

-

8425

9067

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.33

Israel COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

0.0 -0.0

2.8 -0.1

0.0 3.6 -0.3

0.1 6.3 -0.5

0.1 8.9 0.6

0.1 11.5 0.1

0.1 11.3 -0.5

113.7 x

2.1 7.9 x

Primary Supply

0.0

2.6

3.4

5.9

9.5

11.6

10.9

127.3

8.0

Statistical Difference

-

-

-

0.0

-0.3

-0.0

-

x

x

Total Transformation

-0.0

-2.6

-3.4

-5.9

-9.2

-11.5

-10.9

139.3

8.1

-

-2.6 -2.6 -

-3.4 -3.4 -

-5.9 -5.9 -

-9.2 -9.2 -0.0

-11.5 -11.5 -0.0

-10.9 -10.9 -0.0

-

8.1 8.0 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

-

-

45.8

-

0.0 0.0 -

0.0 0.0 -

0.0 -

0.0 -

0.0 -

-

-

45.8 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

-

-

-

-

-

-

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.34 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Israel HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Hard Coal

-

1

3063

3998

7090

9636

11058

9684

8223

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

-

-

-

50 50 -

153 26 127 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1 1 -

3063 577 421 -

3948 528 539 -

6937 695 610 -

9636 1228 480 -

11058 -

9684 5 -

8223 75 -

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

100 1965 -

548 2333 -

161 886 161 4424 -

1992 1416 4520 -

2 2711 6822 1523 -

1 4712 4966 -

3371 4777 -

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries. * In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data * reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with * data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.35

Kazakhstan COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

-

-

82.9 6.8 -32.6 -

53.1 1.5 -13.3 -

48.8 1.0 -18.4 0.3

54.6 1.2 -15.7 -0.5

54.4 1.1 -16.1 -0.0

x

-2.8 -11.3 -4.6 x

Primary Supply

-

-

57.1

41.3

31.6

39.5

39.4

-

-2.4

Statistical Difference

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

Total Transformation

-

-

-35.5

-26.3

-24.7

-30.2

-29.0

-

-1.4

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-

-

-34.4 -34.4 -

-23.9 -23.9 -

-20.9 -20.9 -

-26.3 -26.3 -

-25.5 -25.5 -

-

-2.0 -2.0 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-1.1 -1.0 -0.1 -

-2.3 -1.6 -0.7 -

-3.8 -1.3 -2.5 0.0

-3.9 -1.4 -2.5 0.0

-3.5 -1.3 -2.1 0.0

-

8.0 2.0 21.6 -

Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.1

-0.9

-1.3

x

x

-

-

21.6

15.1

6.8

8.5

9.1

-

-5.6

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

-

-

21.6 0.2 -

15.1 0.7 -

5.9 0.9 -

7.9 1.1 -

8.2 1.0 -

-

-6.2 10.1 -

Transport sector(6)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

-

-

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

-

1.0

0.5

0.9

-

-

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.36 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Kazakhstan HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

10000

8207

7148

3277

1209

668

467

264

129

-

-

-

-

96 -

-

-

-

3 -

-

-

-

-

92 4

-

-

-

3 -

10000 -

8207 -

7148 -

3277 -

1113 30 -

668 -

467 -

264 -

126 -

10000 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

8207 -

7148 -

3277 -

1037 46 -

2 480 186

467 -

264 -

126 -

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries. * In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data * reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with * data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.37

Kazakhstan COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

4000

-

-

-

1999

291

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

9 9 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1990 14 1959 10 7 -

-

-

-

-

Non-Specified/Other 4000 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

-

291

-

-

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.38 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Kazakhstan STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2)

40000

28200

47000

53210

18769

25300

21987

25172

25724

-

-

-

-

-

-

83 3 28 28 19 5 -

138 46 5 87 -

109 23 5 81 -

Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

40000 40000 -

28200 28200 -

47000 47000 -

53210 53210 -

18769 18226 16 527 -

25300 24080 1220 -

21904 21904 -

25034 25034 -

25615 25615 -

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.39

Romania COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

11.6 6.4 -

14.7 7.3 -

12.4 6.4 -0.3

11.3 4.4 -0.3 0.1

8.0 2.7 -0.0 -0.1

8.5 4.3 -0.0 -0.1

8.3 4.0 -0.0 0.1

0.7 0.1 x

-2.6 -3.1 x

Primary Supply

17.9

22.0

18.5

15.4

10.6

12.7

12.4

0.3

-2.6

Statistical Difference

-0.3

-0.7

-0.1

-0.3

-0.1

-0.6

-0.5

x

x

Total Transformation

-9.6

-13.6

-13.8

-12.9

-9.2

-10.0

-9.9

3.7

-2.2

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-6.7 -6.7 -

-10.0 -7.5 -2.6

-11.3 -9.2 -2.0

-10.9 -10.7 -0.2

-8.0 -7.7 -0.3

-8.4 -7.6 -0.8

-8.4 -7.8 -0.7

5.3 3.2 -

-1.9 -1.1 -7.3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-2.9 -0.5 -2.6 -0.1 0.4

-3.6 -0.5 -3.0 -0.5 0.4

-2.6 -0.2 -2.1 -0.3 0.1

-1.9 -1.4 -0.5 -

-1.2 -0.9 -0.4 -

-1.6 -1.4 -0.3 -

-1.5 -1.3 -0.2 -

-1.2 -6.9 -2.2 9.2 -9.5

-3.5 -3.2 -4.0 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-0.1

-0.2

-0.5

-0.4

-

-

-

-

-0.2

-0.2

-0.0

-0.1

-0.1

x

x

8.1

7.7

4.3

1.9

1.1

1.5

1.5

-6.1

-6.7

4.9 3.8 -

4.8 4.0 -

3.0 2.3 0.2 0.1 -

1.8 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0

1.0 0.8 0.2 0.0 0.0

1.4 1.1 0.2 0.1 -

1.5 1.2 0.2 0.1 -

-4.9 -4.8 -

-4.6 -4.2 -0.6 -4.3 -

-

-

0.0

0.0

-

0.0

-

-

-

3.2 0.5

2.9 0.6

1.3 0.9

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.0 0.1

0.1 0.0 0.1

0.0 0.0 0.0

-8.4 5.2

-21.6 -22.4

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

0.0

-

-

-

-

-

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.40 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Romania HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Hard Coal

4669

3949

6048

4981

4681

2521

1483

2716

2190

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

3600 675 673 -

3400 267 853 -

4000 595 1051 -

3600 1200 12 100 1188 -

4675 513 57 2 147 98 1437 165

2370 62 678 -

1007 -

1577 547 -

1809 1 510 34

2252 -

2280 -

2154 200 -

400 500 200 -

124 1741 97 294

1630 -

1007 -

1030 -

140 1074 10 40 -

1069 -

549 49 413 -

2048 -

1381 33 16 11 -

6 2 -

151 -

476 58 -

1139 230 -

381 -

1069 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

87 -

2048 -

1321 -

3 1 -

69 31 51 -

37 381

832 77 -

381 -

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries. * In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data * reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with * data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.41

Russia COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

-

-

256.5 47.8 -50.1 5.6

167.2 17.8 -22.4 4.1

167.2 20.0 -31.1 2.2

185.9 17.6 -57.5 2.8

198.6 17.7 -65.2 -3.4

x

-1.7 -6.4 1.8 x

Primary Supply

-

-

259.8

166.7

158.3

148.8

147.7

-

-3.7

Statistical Difference

-

-

8.4

12.8

0.0

0.4

0.0

x

x

Total Transformation

-

-

-171.3

-130.5

-126.4

-124.0

-121.3

-

-2.3

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-

-

-149.9 -149.9 -

-115.6 -88.1 -27.5

-114.1 -80.6 -33.5

-108.4 -72.5 -35.9

-109.8 -74.6 -35.2

-

-2.1 -4.5 -

Autoproducers Gas Works

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(2)

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants

-

-

-21.4 -1.5 -17.7 -2.2 -

-14.9 -0.6 -12.7 -1.6 -

-12.3 -0.0 -10.6 -1.7 -

-15.6 -0.0 -11.7 -3.8 -

-11.5 -0.0 -9.4 -2.1 -

-

-4.0 -32.7 -4.2 -0.1 -

Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-0.8

-0.7

-0.8

-0.8

-0.8

-

0.4

-

-

-17.8

-8.8

-1.5

-0.0

-

x

x

-

-

78.4

39.5

29.6

24.4

25.6

-

-7.2

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

-

-

22.5 16.8 0.6 0.5 -

23.5 19.2 0.5 0.9 -

15.0 11.3 0.1 0.7 -

14.4 10.6 0.0 0.7 -

16.9 14.8 0.0 0.9 0.0

-

-1.9 -0.8 -20.1 4.7 -

Transport sector(6)

-

-

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

55.9 28.6 16.6

16.0 1.1 10.9

13.6 0.5 12.2

9.2 0.4 7.3

7.7 3.6 3.9

-

-12.4 -12.9 -9.3

Non-energy Use 0.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

0.0

1.0

0.9

1.0

-

25.3

Coal Transformation

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.42 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Russia COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

10100

24000

25655

31573

8693

6704

13832

12130

10357

4078 734 2 56 986 1898 402 -

4078 734 2 56 986 1898 402 -

3738 397 89 363 112 2775 2 -

10503 608 1532 463 177 480 131 5482 1200 337 93 -

6133 161 111 67 431 84 857 3505 571 156 158 32 -

1504 91 132 462 736 72 11 -

6341 43 2 83 25 172 25 122 3761 933 240 5 138 205 170 417

5091 38 114 190 266 284 2983 761 271 42 142

4041 37 228 199 65 2787 413 9 9 26 123 120 25

2280 200 2080 -

19922 200 2080 17642 -

21917 203 2154 19560 -

21070 156 500 19964 150 300 -

2560 822 876 81 781 -

5200 174 1337 1525 2164 -

7491 381 67 1137 5906 -

7039 89 194 885 5597 20 9 58 1 186

6304 207 127 1074 4674 205 17 -

Non-Specified/Other 3742 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

12

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.43

Russia STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

63012

38638

34645

24478

17570

29651

51361

66528

81732

3012 33 233 528 697 853 96 12 149 57 196 52 106 -

2638 48 216 395 589 780 143 25 233 90 73 46 ..

3289 127 73 247 852 75 166 29 150 1020 10 2 7 91 407 23 10

10103 234 1142 1905 777 157 324 609 2845 32 97 54 285 573 530 499 40

8296 156 871 242 122 593 215 83 201 1936 200 85 52 164 35 138 282 1249 192 1480

25585 788 1295 2449 282 928 320 1092 7041 2565 209 13 14 1340 271 5063 480 1435

42408 65 1670 28 1875 6099 758 4215 447 69 2161 5020 3335 156 18 789 2 2989 679 974 9788 160 1111

48653 9 1505 222 51 855 4957 380 1976 129 137 827 6553 2497 1412 2111 2865 469 6735 12843 54 2066

58432 1434 54 212 554 4955 811 2658 135 193 577 6048 2937 4239 33 3306 1995 218 10065 16187 378 1443

-

36000 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16833 .. .. .. 19167 .. ..

31356 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 14662 .. .. .. 16694 .. ..

14375 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 6722 .. .. .. 7653 .. ..

9038 1010 81 114 46 697 5204 261 232 1393 -

4066 364 72 61 36 5 2175 1353 -

8953 641 678 1592 136 78 1523 120 3468 88 56 573 -

17568 557 868 1037 1330 51 58 832 2111 31 9146 1499 48

22692 553 861 623 960 25 155 759 3687 2277 10592 2194 5 1

Non-Specified/Other 60000 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

236

-

-

307

608

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.44 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

South Africa COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

95.4 -27.2 -

142.5 -46.0 -

143.1 -48.0 -

167.0 0.4 -57.0 0.3

180.9 1.2 -66.8 1.6

195.8 1.8 -65.0 2.2

197.7 2.0 -68.3 -

4.1 5.8 x

2.2 2.4 x

Primary Supply

68.1

96.5

95.1

110.7

116.9

134.9

131.3

3.4

2.2

Statistical Difference

5.8

-3.7

6.7

-2.5

-0.1

-2.3

-1.5

x

x

Total Transformation

-47.6

-70.1

-78.9

-86.6

-95.4

-108.4

-108.3

5.2

2.1

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-37.2 -32.1 -5.1

-44.9 -40.8 -4.1

-51.7 -48.6 -3.2

-60.2 -56.6 -3.5

-68.3 -64.4 -4.0

-77.2 -73.6 -3.7

-75.8 -72.1 -3.7

3.4 4.2 -4.8

2.6 2.7 1.1

-3.5

-3.7

-3.9

-4.5

-4.6

-5.8

-5.8

1.2

2.7

-3.9 -2.6 -1.3 -

-3.3 -1.9 -1.4 -

-3.2 -1.6 -1.6 -

-2.1 -1.1 -1.0 -

-1.3 -0.7 -0.6 -

-0.7 -0.7 -0.0 -

-1.7 -0.7 -1.0 -

-2.0 -4.9 2.0 -

-4.1 -4.8 -3.5 -

Other transformation(3)

-3.1

-18.2

-20.1

-19.9

-21.2

-24.7

-24.9

20.6

1.5

Own use

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

-3.5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

26.2

22.6

22.8

21.5

21.5

24.1

21.5

-1.4

-0.4

20.0 9.8 2.1 -

16.0 9.4 2.0 -

15.3 8.9 1.8 -

10.7 5.6 1.5 1.5 -

11.7 5.4 1.1 1.1 -

12.8 5.6 1.7 -

12.7 5.7 1.8 -

-2.6 -0.9 -1.5 -

-1.2 -2.9 -0.1 -

1.8

0.9

0.1

0.0

-

-

-

-28.0

-

3.3 1.1 2.1

3.1 1.3 1.7

3.5 1.3 2.1

4.0 1.4 2.4

2.2 0.7 1.4

6.2 2.0 4.1

6.8 2.3 4.5

0.5 1.8 -0.1

4.6 3.7 5.2

Non-energy Use 1.2 2.7 4.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

6.8

7.5

5.1

2.0

13.1

-4.4

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.45

South Africa COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

2700

3447

5142

4033

6305

-

2748

1111

1089

2700 2700 -

3347 544 2803 -

5142 34 4586 300 21 200 1 -

3633 157 3375 100 1 -

5181 176 570 30 280 3375 750 -

-

2308 787 1439 82 -

836 209 45 213 242 35 71 21

855 62 267 366 100 60 -

-

100 100 -

-

400 400 -

1124 1124 -

-

440 252 48 140 -

274 208 33 19 8 6

234 129 66 39 -

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.46 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

South Africa STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

12689

24712

42488

45867

53371

67001

63654

71850

67747

12689 606 868 6643 1108 960 157 1861 309 3 114 26 34

22361 2050 3118 8596 1492 3132 385 2000 459 3 713 66 347

33978 2078 3496 6444 3196 207 6641 4091 3700 812 104 2274 19 724 192

32994 6 4365 863 4512 1017 4884 1427 5733 1304 2112 4667 1252 356 496

39235 3641 3666 325 1395 3670 630 3653 3039 3850 3503 30 2683 7016 135 315 735 140 809

48763 2504 46 1721 5872 3979 269 4173 1661 2385 41 7564 265 2112 8403 2547 4503 50 668

50763 2351 1590 3260 3872 3965 31 14726 1833 9969 1507 7210 71 378

56971 1638 1930 4978 3150 70 4604 145 130 16888 1796 8056 1234 11321 126 905

52949 1549 180 2202 120 4148 3278 4329 16284 1282 7681 1984 9331 581

-

1600 1600 -

7600 1000 2200 2200 2200 -

12568 900 5685 3217 2583 183 -

14136 60 810 5138 2763 490 3900 100 145 40 185 505 -

17891 1919 107 85 522 2488 486 3636 5523 1978 356 201 554 36

12868 604 60 1411 690 6910 1780 497 40 240 426 210

14406 627 487 3344 4967 2790 57 905 227 412 370 220

14711 861 30 140 2351 4777 2841 140 57 1770 521 661 562

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

751

910

305

-

347

23

473

87

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.47

Ukraine COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

-

-

121.0 15.1 -21.7 0.7

58.1 13.7 -1.8 -

51.9 5.8 -2.6 -

49.7 9.1 -5.6 -0.3

49.5 6.5 -2.7 0.0

x

-5.8 -5.5 -12.9 x

Primary Supply

-

-

115.2

70.0

55.0

52.9

53.3

-

-5.0

Statistical Difference

-

-

-3.9

-0.9

-0.3

1.3

0.4

x

x

Total Transformation

-

-

-69.8

-52.3

-41.6

-38.4

-36.4

-

-4.3

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-

-

-48.1 -46.1 -1.9

-28.8 -28.8 -

-19.8 -19.8 -

-18.0 -18.0 -

-17.8 -17.8 -

-

-6.4 -6.1 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-21.7 2.9 -12.6 -12.4 0.4

-23.5 0.7 -6.4 -17.6 -0.3

-21.9 0.3 -6.4 -15.6 -0.1

-20.4 0.2 -7.9 -12.6 -0.1

-18.0 0.1 -8.9 -9.1 -0.1

-

-1.2 -21.3 -2.3 -2.1 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.5

-

-

Own use

-

-

-0.9

-0.2

-0.1

-0.1

-0.5

-

-3.9

-

-

-0.3

-

-

-

-0.0

x

x

-

-

40.3

16.6

13.1

15.7

16.8

-

-5.7

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

-

-

29.5 19.2 0.4 -

9.8 6.9 -

9.3 7.0 -

11.4 9.7 0.0 0.2 0.0

11.6 11.0 0.0 0.2 0.0

-

-6.0 -3.7 -24.9 -

Transport sector(6)

-

-

0.1

-

-

0.1

0.1

-

-1.9

-

-

10.7 7.8

6.9 6.3

3.8 3.7

4.2 0.6 3.4

3.2 1.9

-

-7.6 -9.1

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

-

-

0.0

1.8

-

-

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.48 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Ukraine HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

15000

34475

34222

26686

15296

6606

9374

7918

7293

-

17642 -

19560 -

19964 -

5859 4369 -

2759 595 -

5906 -

5758 26 139 -

6396 -

-

17642 -

19560 -

19964 -

1490 -

2164 -

5906 -

5593 -

6396 -

15000 -

16833 -

14662 -

6722 -

9437 4722 -

3847 452 -

3468 -

2160 -

897 -

15000 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

16833 -

14662 -

6722 -

4259 456 -

2175 1220 -

3468 -

57 2103 -

57 840 -

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries. * In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data * reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with * data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.49

Ukraine COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

21000

20600

13789

8114

400

200

282

509

8

-

-

-

-

-

-

82 12 70 -

229 229

8 8

-

20600 20600 -

13789 13789 -

8114 8114 -

400 200 200 -

200 200 -

200 200 -

280 280 -

-

Non-Specified/Other 21000 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.50 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Ukraine STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2)

19000

19000

19379

16577

2000

2297

2587

3157

3456

-

-

-

-

493 29 1 1 21 6 22 33 154 226

845 63 83 52 647 -

1659 17 147 10 73 8 42 1 342 112 142 3 300 28 434

1396 9 142 2 56 27 176 121 43 136 69 562 53

1524 42 35 26 37 306 135 5 117 10 205 584 5 17

Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

19000 19000 -

19000 19000 -

19379 19379 -

16577 16577 -

1507 154 128 235 84 906 -

1452 1452 -

928 889 37 2 -

1761 238 1373 18 132 -

1932 185 1058 42 95 228 213 111 -

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.51

Venezuela COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

0.0 0.2 -

0.0 0.2 0.0

2.3 0.3 -1.9 -

4.2 -4.4 0.2

8.2 -8.3 0.2

7.0 -7.0 -

7.5 -7.4 -

48.5 4.9 x

8.3 9.5 x

Primary Supply

0.2

0.3

0.7

0.0

0.2

-

0.1

11.4

-15.4

Statistical Difference

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

Total Transformation

-0.1

-0.1

-0.2

-

-

-

-

6.1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.1 -0.1 -

-0.1 -0.1 -

-0.2 -0.1 -0.0 -

-

-

-

-

6.1 5.4 -

-

Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

0.1

0.2

0.5

0.0

0.2

-

0.1

13.9

-13.8

0.1 0.1 0.0 -

0.2 0.1 0.0 -

0.5 0.2 0.3 -

0.0 0.0 -

0.2 0.2 -

-

0.1 0.1 -

13.9 5.4 23.0 -

-13.8 -11.6 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

-

-

-

-

-

-

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.52 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Venezuela STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2)

33

-

-

1834

3252

7722

7962

7388

7405

-

-

-

1746 1 33 148 560 140 19 5 53 375 169 238 5

3152 17 29 550 193 302 79 306 198 1478 -

6988 589 441 476 1067 112 766 378 180 35 218 2726 -

7246 53 803 402 725 53 518 54 125 51 4462 -

6544 141 603 456 404 467 91 51 50 4281 -

6693 45 449 444 106 201 10 955 151 37 4295 -

Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

33 33 -

-

-

88 88 -

100 100 -

734 79 168 71 416 -

716 416 64 236 -

784 476 50 258 -

712 497 26 40 149 -

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

-

-

-

60

-

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV - IV.53

Vietnam COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 80-90 90-05

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

4.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.4

4.5 0.0 -0.5 -

3.7 0.0 -0.6 0.1

6.7 0.0 -2.3 0.3

9.3 -2.6 -0.4

20.4 -8.5 -

25.9 0.1 -14.4 -

-1.1 2.0 2.1 x

13.8 12.4 23.2 x

Primary Supply

3.2

4.0

3.2

4.7

6.2

11.9

11.6

-0.2

9.0

Statistical Difference

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

Total Transformation

-1.1

-1.4

-1.3

-1.0

-1.6

-2.4

-3.0

1.6

6.0

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-1.1 -1.1 -

-1.4 -1.4 -

-1.3 -1.3 -

-1.0 -1.0 -

-1.6 -1.6 -

-2.4 -2.4 -

-3.0 -2.8 -0.2

1.6 1.6 -

6.0 5.4 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-

-

-

7.1 7.1 -

-

Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

2.2

2.6

1.9

3.7

4.6

9.5

8.6

-1.3

10.6

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

1.3 0.0 -

2.1 0.0 -

1.5 0.0 -

2.8 0.0 -

3.3 -

7.1 -

6.8 -

0.9 5.9 -

10.8 -

Transport sector(6)

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-13.9

-

0.7 0.5

0.4 0.4

0.4 0.0 0.3

0.9 0.2 0.6

1.3 0.4 0.8

2.5 0.8 1.6

1.7 0.5 1.2

-5.6 -4.8

10.0 21.0 10.0

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

-

-

-

-

-

-

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants

Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.54 - COAL INFORMATION (2007 Edition) PART IV

Vietnam STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

1430

640

604

745

2821

3526

10859

17987

22468

-

100 100 -

100 100 -

450 150 300 -

2308 93 100 2 179 3 1469 400 21 1 40 -

3203 240 100 52 2227 516 20 48 -

3615 280 209 2522 514 26 6 35 23 -

4201 192 178 3241 575 15 -

1992 101 142 1320 179 27 93 111 19 -

-

540 540 -

504 504 -

295 100 195 -

513 100 150 63 200 -

323 88 27 52 156 -

7244 6172 166 906 -

13786 449 12174 137 1026 -

20476 144 20079 50 9 194 -

Non-Specified/Other 1430 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY ENERGY STATISTICS DIVISION POSSIBLE STAFF VACANCIES The Division is responsible for statistical support and advice to the policy and operational Divisions of the International Energy Agency. It also produces a wide range of annual and quarterly publications complemented by CD-ROMs and on-line data services. For these purposes, the Division maintains extensive international databases covering most aspects of energy supply and use. Vacancies for statisticians occur from time to time. Typically their work includes: • Gathering and vetting data from questionnaires and publications, discussions on data issues with respondents to questionnaires in national administrations and fuel companies. • Managing energy databases in order to maintain accuracy and timeliness of output. • Creating and maintaining computer procedures for the production of tables, reports and analyses.

• Preparing studies on an ad-hoc basis as required by other Divisions of the International Energy Agency. Nationals of any OECD Member country are eligible for appointment. Basic salaries range from 2 800 to 3 800 Euros per month, depending on qualifications. The possibilities for advancement are good for candidates with appropriate qualifications and experience. Tentative enquiries about future vacancies are welcomed from men and women with relevant qualifications and experience. Applications in French or English, accompanied by a curriculum vitae, should be sent to: Ms Beth Hunter Head of Personnel and Finance Division IEA, 9 rue de la Fédération 75739 Paris Cedex 15, FRANCE [email protected]

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On-Line Data Ser vices Users can instantly access not only all the data published in this book, but also all the time series used for preparing this publication and all the other statistics publications of the IEA. The data are available on-line, either through annual subscription or pay-per-view access. More information on this service can be found on our website: http://data.iea.org

Ten

Annual

Publications

Energy Statistics of OECD Countries No other publication offers such in-depth statistical coverage. It is intended for anyone involved in analytical or policy work related to energy issues. It contains data on energy supply and consumption in original units for coal, oil, natural gas, combustible renewables/wastes and products derived from these primary fuels, as well as for electricity and heat. Data are presented for the two most recent years available in detailed supply and consumption tables. Historical tables summarise data on production, trade and final consumption. Each issue includes definitions of products and flows and explanatory notes on the individual country data. Published June 2007 - Price €110

Energy Balances of OECD Countries A companion volume to Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, this publication presents standardised energy balances expressed in million tonnes of oil equivalent. Energy supply and consumption data are divided by main fuel: coal, oil, gas, nuclear, hydro, geothermal/solar, combustible renewables/wastes, electricity and heat. This allows for easy comparison of the contributions each fuel makes to the economy and their interrelationships through the conversion of one fuel to another. All of this is essential for estimating total energy supply, forecasting, energy conservation, and analysing the potential for interfuel substitution. Complete energy balances are presented for the two most recent years available. Historical tables summarise key energy and economic indicators as well as data on production, trade and final consumption. Each issue includes definitions of products and flows and explanatory notes on the individual country data as well as conversion factors from original units to tonnes of oil equivalent. Published June 2007 - Price €110

Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries This publication offers the same in-depth statistical coverage as the homonymous publication covering OECD countries. It includes data in original units for more than 100 individual countries and nine main regions. The consistency of OECD and non-OECD countries' detailed statistics provides an accurate picture of the global energy situation. For a description of the content, please see Energy Statistics of OECD Countries above. Published August 2007 - Price €110

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Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries A companion volume to the publication Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries, this publication presents energy balances in million tonnes of oil equivalent and key economic and energy indicators for more than 100 individual countries and nine main regions. It offers the same statistical coverage as the homonymous publication covering OECD countries, and thus provides an accurate picture of the global energy situation. For a description of the content, please see Energy Balances of OECD Countries above. Published August 2007 - Price €110

Electricity Information This reference document provides essential statistics on electricity and heat for each OECD member countries by bringing together information on production, installed capacity, input energy mix to electricity and heat production, input fuel prices, consumption, end-user electricity prices and electricity trades. The document also presents selected non-OECD country statistics on the main electricity and heat flows. It is an essential document for electricity and heat market and policy analysts. Published August 2007 - Price €130

Coal Information This well-established publication provides detailed information on past and current evolution of the world coal market. It presents country specific statistics for OECD member countries and selected non-OECD countries on coal production, demand, trade and prices. This publication represents a key reference tool for all those involved in the coal supply or consumption stream, as well as institutions and governments involved in market and policy analysis of the world coal market. Published August 2007 - Price €150

Natural Gas Information A detailed reference work on gas supply and demand, covering not only the OECD countries but also the rest of the world. Contains essential information on LNG and pipeline trade, gas reserves, storage capacity and prices. The main part of the book, however, concentrates on OECD countries, showing a detailed gas supply and demand balance for each individual country and for the three OECD regions: North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific, as well as a breakdown of gas consumption by end-user. Import and export data are reported by source and destination. Published August 2007 - Price €150

Oil Information A comprehensive reference book on current developments in oil supply and demand. The first part of this publication contains key data on world production, trade, prices and consumption of major oil product groups, with time series back to the early 1970s. The second part gives a more detailed and comprehensive picture of oil supply, demand, trade, production and consumption by enduser for each OECD country individually and for the OECD regions. Trade data are reported extensively by origin and destination. Published August 2007 - Price €150

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Renewables Information This reference document brings together in one volume essential statistics on renewables and waste energy sources. It presents a detailed and comprehensive picture of developments for renewable and waste energy sources for each of the OECD member countries, encompassing energy indicators, generating capacity, electricity and heat production from renewable and waste sources, as well as production and consumption of renewable and waste products. It also includes a selection of indicators for non-OECD countries. This report provides a strong foundation for renewables energy policy and market analysis to assess progress towards domestic and international objectives. Published August 2007 - Price €80

CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion In order for nations to tackle the problem of climate change, they need accurate greenhouse gas emissions data. This publication provides a basis for comparative analysis of CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion, a major source of anthropogenic emissions. The data in this book are designed to assist in understanding the evolution of the emissions of CO2 from 1971 to 2005 for more than 140 countries and regions by sector and by fuel. Emissions were calculated using IEA energy databases and the default methods and emissions factors from the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Published November 2007 - Price €150

Two

Quarterlies

Oil, Gas, Coal and Electricity, Quarterly Statistics This publication provides up-to-date, detailed quarterly statistics on oil, coal, natural gas and electricity for the OECD countries. Oil statistics cover production, trade, refinery intake and output, stock changes and consumption for crude oil, NGL and nine selected oil product groups. Statistics for electricity, natural gas and coal show supply and trade. Import and export data are reported by origin and destination. Moreover, oil as well as hard coal and brown coal production are reported on a worldwide basis. Published Quarterly - Price €110, annual subscription €350

Energy Prices and Taxes This publication responds to the needs of the energy industry and OECD governments for up-todate information on prices and taxes in national and international energy markets. It contains prices at all market levels for OECD countries and certain non-OECD countries: import prices, industry prices and consumer prices. The statistics cover the main petroleum products, gas, coal and electricity, giving for imported products an average price both for importing country and country of origin. Every issue includes full notes on sources and methods and a description of price mechanisms in each country. Published Quarterly - Price €110, annual subscription €350

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Electronic

Editions

CD-ROMs and Online Data Services To complement its publications, the Energy Statistics Division produces CD-ROMs containing the complete databases which are used for preparing the statistics publications. State-of-the-art software allows you to access and manipulate all these data in a very user-friendly manner and includes graphic facilities. These databases are also available on the internet from our online data service. Annual CD-ROMS / Online Databases

. . . . . . . . . . .

Energy Energy Energy Energy

Statistics of OECD Countries, 1960-2005 Balances of OECD Countries, 1960-2005 Statistics of Non-OECD Countries, 1971-2005 Balances of Non-OECD Countries, 1971-2005

Price: Price: Price: Price:

€500 €500 €500 €500

(single (single (single (single

user) user) user) user)

Combined subscription of the above four series

Price: €1 200 (single user)

Electricity Information 2007 Coal Information 2007 Natural Gas Information 2007 Oil Information 2007 Renewables Information 2007 CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion, 1971-2005

Price: Price: Price: Price: Price: Price:

€500 €500 €500 €500 €300 €500

(single (single (single (single (single (single

user) user) user) user) user) user)

Quarterly CD-ROMs / Online Databases

.

Price: (four quarters) €800 (single user)

Energy Prices and Taxes

A description of these services are available on our website: http://data.iea.org

Other

Online

Services

The Monthly Oil Data Service The IEA Monthly Oil Data Service provides the detailed databases of historical and projected information which is used in preparing the IEA’s monthly Oil Market Report (OMR). The IEA Monthly Oil Data Service comprises three packages available separately or combined as a subscriber service on the Internet. The data are available at the same time as the official release of the Oil Market Report. The packages include: . Supply, Demand, Balances and Stocks . Trade . Field-by-Field Supply . Complete Service

Price: Price: Price: Price:

€5 €1 €2 €8

500 650 750 250

(single (single (single (single

user) user) user) user)

A description of this service is available on our website: http://modsinfo.iea.org

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The Monthly Gas Data Service The Monthly Gas Data Service provides for OECD countries historical and current data on natural gas supply and demand, as well as detailed information on trade origins and destinations. The packages include:

.

Natural Gas Balances & Trade Historical plus 12 monthly updates

Price: €440 (single user)

.

Natural Gas Balances & Trade Historical

Price: €330 (single user)

A description of this service is available on our website: http://data.iea.org

Moreover, the IEA statistics website contains key energy indicators by country, graphs on the world and OECD's energy situation evolution from 1971 to the most recent year available, as well as selected databases for demonstration. The IEA statistics website can be accessed at: http://www.iea.org/statistics/

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The Online BookshopInternational Energy Agency All IEA publications may be bought online on the IEA website: w w w. i e a . o r g / b o o k s You may also obtain PDFs of all IEA books at 20% discount. Books published before January 2006 - with the exception of the statistics publications can be downloaded in PDF, free of charge, from the IEA website.

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