Corpus of prehistoric pottery and palettes, (British school of archaeology in Egypt and Egyptian research account. Twenty-third year, 1917. Publication no. 32 )

BRITISH SCHOOL O F ARCHAEOLOGY IN EGYPT A N D EGYPTIAN RESEARCH ACCOUNT T W E N T Y - T H I R D YEAR, 1 9 1 7

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY .AND PALETTES W. M. F L I N D E R S P E T R I E HON. C

L

LL.D.,

D.LIT.,

F.R.S.,

F.B.A.,

M.R.I,A.

LONDON

BRITISH SCHOOL O F ARCHAEOLOGY I N EGYPT UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, GOWER STREET, W.C. AND

CONSTABLE & CO., LTD.,10 ORANGE STREET, LEICESTER SQUARE, 1V.C. AND

BERNARD QUARITCH,

11

GRAFTON STREET, NEW BOND STREET, W. 1921

P R m T E ~ BY EAZELL, WATSON' AND VINEY, CD.,

W N D O N AND AYLESBURY

BRITISH SCHOOL OF ARCHAEOLOGY IN EGYPT AND EGYPTIAN RESEARCH ACCOUNT PATRON;

F.-M.VISCOUNT ALLENBY, G.C.B., G.C.M.G.

G E N E R A L C O M M I T T E E (*Execstiue Memders) Lord ABERCROMEY HENRYBALFOUR Rev. Dr. T. G. RONNEY Prof. X. C. BOSANQUET Rt. Hon. VISCOUNTBRYCEO F ~ECHMONT

*Prof. J. B. BURY "SO~IERS CLARKE E O W A ~CLOUD II Sir W. Rovn I ~ A W K I N S Prof. Sir S. DILL *Miss ECKENSTEIN Sir GREGORY FOSTER Sir JAMESFRAZER "Prof. ERNESTGARDNER

Prof. PERCYGARDNER Rt. Hon. Sir GEORCET. GOLDIE Dr. GOWI.AND Mrs. J. R. GREEN Rt. Hon. F.-M. LORDGRENFELL Mrs. F. LL. GRIFFITH Dr. A. C. HADDON Rev. Dr. A. C. HEADLAM D. G. HOGARTH *BASILHOLMES Sir HENRYH. HOWORTH Baron A. YON HWCEL Prof. A. S. HUNT Mrs. C. I-I. W. JOHNS Sir HENRYMIERS

J. G. MILNE KOBERTMOND Prof. MONTAGUE ~VALTKR MORRISON *Miss M. A. MURRAY P. E. NEWDERRY F. W. PERCIVAL Dr. P l ~ c r i e s Dr. G. W. PROTHERO Dr. G. A. REISNER Sir WII,LIA~I ,RICHDZOND Prof. F. W. ~IIDGEWAY Mrs. %KONO Lady TIRARD E. TOWRYWHYTE

Zfonorary Treasurer-*I-I. SEPTON-JONES PETRIE Honorary Director-Prof. FLINDERS Honorary Secretary-Mrs. 13. F. PETRIE

AMERICAN BRANCH

THE EGYPTIAN RESEARCH ACCOUNT President JAMESHENRYBREASTED,PH.D.

WILLIAMJ. HOLLAND, PH.D., Sc.D., LL.D. E D ~ I U NJ. D JAMES,PH.D., LL.D. F. W. SHIPLEY,PH.D.

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i

Hon. Sewdary Prof. MITCHELLCARROLL, PH.D. Hon. Treasurer Rev. WILLIAMC. WINSLOW,D.D.

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I. BALLAS, 1895; by J. E. QUIBELI,. (Out of print j obtainable in joint volume NAQADA AND BALLAS, by W. M. F. PETRIE.) 11. THE RAMESSEUM, 1896; by J. E. QUIBELL. (Out of print.) 111. EL KAB, 1897; by J. E. QUIBELL. IV. HIERAKONPOLIS I, 1898; text by W. M. F. P. 43 plates. 20s. nef. V. HIERAKONPOLIS 11, 1899; by F. W. GREENand J. E. QUIBELL. 39 plates (4 coloured and ao photographic).

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25s.

net.

In double volume with 94 plates.

455.

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Subscriptionr of One Guinea for the Annual Single Volumes, or Two Guineas for the Two Annual Volumrs, arc recziz)ed by the Hon. Sewetary, a t d h Edwards L i b r a v , Umiversidy Collcge, G o w Street, London, W.C., where also copies of the above works can b# obtained.

THE CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY IT is hardly needful, after the discussion of the dating in the previous volume on Prehistoric Egypt, to describe the present corpus, or the mode of using it. I t contains all the forms published in the various works enumerated at the beginning of the volume named, unified as a whole and provided with sequence dates. The practical use of it is by the graveside. So soon as a grave is cleared and planned, then the pottery can be laid out in order, each type searched for in the corpus, and noted by its letter and number on the card register. The limits of date can be copied out, and the resulting limits of the date of the grave may then be added as the date on the card. Such pottery as is worth removal, and especially any new type that should be drawn, can then be separated, and the remainder of common pottery be returned to the grave and covered in. In unifying the various additions-some 700which have been found since the 300 types of Naqada, many irregularities have been noticed, and some editing of the whole became absolutely necessary. Even different types had been given the same letter by different discoverers. In the Decorated pottery especially, the additions had made a complete revision of types I to 19 needful. In this part, therefore, the present corpus makes an entire break with the previous registers. Some other slight changes became needful also in other classes, but the minimum of change has been made. All of these alterations of designation are completely stated on pl. lx, under the heading of each volume in which a type has previously appeared. On the same plate are conversion tables for reducing Reisner's short corpus psed in Nubia, to the present corpus numbers. Every change therefore between this corpus and previous registers is on pl. lx. The changes of numbers from the previous English publications, were mostly due to those who made

additions not recognising the principles of arrangement. Such principles may be arbitrary, but yet they must be kept up, or else a corpus would become so confused that identification of forms would be difficult. The principles which must be observed in all additions to the corpus are as follow : I. The forms are chiefly classed from the most open, such as shallow saucers, to the most closed, such as bottles. In carrying this out, the bowls are classed by the slope of the edge,-the most open, the most sloping, the almost upright, the vertical and the different degrees of incurving. Another criterion is the proportion of height to width ; some large classes of vases are divided into those under or over certain proportions. In some cases obvious inversions of order occur, because some types continue to vary to a great extent, and after tracing out that line, a turning back to some other type has to be made. The indefinite variation over so large a number of features, makes any single-line order necessarily illogical. All that can be hoped for is to arrange the types so that they can be searched for in the shortest time. In all additions the principle of arrangement must first be observed before inserting a new form. 2. Another confusion has been caused by not noticing what is included in an established class, such as the black polished pottery in F class. Additions to this have been made into a new class, but are here restored to F. 3. A needless multiplication of new types has been made, when the differences from established types were but slight or imperceptible. Variations should be ignored when they are within the chances of copying; the two sides of a jar often differ perceptibly, and such slight differences are immaterial. Strictly, no vase is perfectly like another, and we must put together all those which 5

6

THE CORPUS OF PRE~ISTORIC POTTERY

may reasonably have been intended to be alike. To separate them detracts from ihe value of the ranges of types in date. 4. Additions should be spaccd apart in the lettering, not as a b c d but as c, g, m, r, so as to allow of intermediate forms being inserted. Of course variations closely alike may have consecutive letters. The lettering should follow the natural order of forms, as near as may be. 5. Differences of size and of material may be largely ignored. It is usual to find vases of the same form of various sizes, and even in different material, yet contemporary, as in B, P, and R. The system of the corpus follows the classification in " Naqada " into nine classes, as no more distinctive method has appeared. The first object of all divisions must be the most rapid identification of a form, and the existing classes provide for that. The class of Late refers to distinctive styles of pottery, hard and thin, or else to the long jars sometimes brown and soft, in any case distinct from the previous classes. At the top right of each figure is the type number and letter. At the bottom left is the refetence to the source, those without reference being from the Naqada corpus. At the bottom right is the sequence date of the reference. The works referred to are as follow : Ab.

Petrie, Abydos, I.

Amr. C. Ab. De M. Di. Ger. Har. Mah. N.

MacIver, El Amrah. Peet, Cemeteria of Abydos. De Morgan Age de La Pierre. Petrie, Diospolis. Wainwright, Gerzeh (in The Labyrinth, etc.). Engelbach, Harageh (not yet published). Ayrton and Loat, Mahasna. Naqada (not marked to types, only to tomb numbers). N.D. No date. Nub. 7. Reisner, Archaeological Survey of Nubia. Nub. 8. Firth, Archaeological S ~ r v e y of Nubia, 1908-9 (with references, E.D., etc., to classes). R.T. Petrie, Roycsl Tombs. Tark. Petrie, Tarkhan I and I I . University College collection, with N and U.C. grave number if from Nagadeh. The date such as 32-38 means that the examples extend between 32 and 38 ; 32, 38 means that dated examples are only known a t 32 and at 38 ; (32-38) means that only one dated example is known, in a grave of uncertain date between 32 and 38. It should be observed that there is a different system in the corpus of white cross-lined pottery arranged by the forms, scale I : 6, and the U.C. examples in Prehistoric Egypt, scale I : 3, arranged by the subject of the designs.

THE CORPUS OF SLATE PALETTES THE plates of slates in Naqada were merely a R. Reisner, A.S. of Nubia. catalogue of the forms found, without framing T . Tavkhan. a regular corpus or excluding duplicate forms. T . 11. TarkmhanII. Hu (Diospolis) references, not drawn sepaSince that was issued many more forms have been U. rately. registered, and some unification of the whole is necessary. The present corpus includes all the W.G. Wainwright, Gerzeh. types that have been published in recent works. The references are : The top right number and letter is the type. The bottom left reference is the source, according to the Plain numbers, Naqadeh graves. letters just stated. The figures at the bottom right El Amrah, and cemeteries b, c. A. are the Sequence Dates ; where several are known C.A.I. Cemeteries of Abydos I . for a type, the earliest and latest are quoted, and D. Dios+olis. the best defined are selected. The inclusion of so Firth, A. S. of Arubia. F. many new forms has made it necessary to adopt fresh G.W. Gerzeh, Wainwright. numbers for this final ewpus, mostly rather different M. Mahasna, Ayrton and Loat. N. Naqadu ; with B or T, cemeteries. from the mere catalogue numbers used in Naqada.

THE REGISTERS ON pl. xl are given the cor$us equivalents of the numbers used by Dr. Reisner in the first volume of the Archaeological Survey of Nubia, 1907-8 : these were abandoned in the succeedimg volumes: also the alterations which have proved to be necessary in unifying all the cov$us numbers of many publications. All these registers are needed when referring to previous works. On pl. lxi is a list of the pottery types in University College, with reference to their sources when known : D, Diospolis; Gerz., Gerzeh ; N, Naqada, with

number of grave. Also a list of the sources of the type drawings of white Cross-lined pottery, with sequence dates when known; and the same for Black-incised pottery. Below are references to a few more types, so far as they can be distinguished in the photographs of Mahasna, by Ayrton and Loat, and four copies of the unusual types. The curved spray in 498 is unique ; the figures of women with a fringe girdle in IOO K are very rare ; the vase with animals along the length of it, is unique; and the hippopotamus hunt is very rare, see type 5 m.

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC PQTTERY.

BLACK TOP.

B 1-10.

I.

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

BLACK TOP,

B 11-20.

II.

Mah.

see L.7

n

U.C.

U .>go

U.C.

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

B L A C K TOP.

B 21--25.

22w

0V

U.C. 8.83

57,b4

Mah. 31-38

r -.

* l _ _

5h

U.C.

1:6

CORPUS O F PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

B L A C K TOP.

E3 25-34.

IV.

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

BLACK TOP.

B 35-51.

V,

1:6

CORPUS O F PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

BLACK TOP.

B 53-644

V I.

CORPUS OF ,PREHISTORIC POTTERY,

B L A C K TOP.

B 65 78.

VSI.

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

BLACK TOP.

B 79-99.

VIII.

1: 6

CORPUS O F PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

L'

U.C.

P O L I S H E D RED.

P 23-34,

Xe

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

P O L I S H E D RED.

P 35-41.

XI.

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

00

War

POLISHED

RED.

P 41-62,

XII,

i-"

U.C.

N 1509

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

POLISHED RED.

P 63-82.

Xlll.

1:6

CORPUS O F PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

POLISHED RED.

P 82-99.

XIV.

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY'

FANCY.

F 5-24.

C13' 'U

U.C.

xv.

1 :6

US.

, k3w-+.reb

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

FANCY.

F 24-39.

etay

(S" 03-69

(--U7 .. . . '

U.C.

...,. _

XVI.

1: 6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

czsE7

U.C.

0

U.C.

FANCY.

F 40-55.

XVII,

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

U

U.C. N ILII

40-SS

V.C.

U C.

a

U.C.

U.C.

FANCY.

F 58-69.

XVIII.

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

F 70-99.

BLACK POLISHED.

XIX.

75

c3

U.C.

Di.SSb

v

80 F

Bob

80 F

80 G

41-61

80

J

80 M

L.P.v.~

k 235 (98 - 67)

A%*. L.P.V.S

U.C.

80 H

34

L.P. v.3

L. ?.v. 4

80 N

1:6

CORPUS O F PREHISTORIC POTTERY*

W H I T E CROSS-LINED.

C 1-15.

XX.

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

WHITE CROSS-LINED.

C 16-31,

XXI,

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

WHITE CROSS-LINED.

C 32-47.

XXII.

1: 6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

W H I T E CROSS-LINED.

C 48-74.

XXIII,

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

W H I T E CROSS-LINED.

C 75-85.

XXIV.

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

W H I T E CROSS-LINED.

C 91-100,

XXV.

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

BLACK INCISED.

N 2-40.

xxv I,

1:3

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

BLACK INCISED.

N 50-80.

XXVII,

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

WAVY HANDLED.

1C

W 1-23,

XXVIII.

I

1

b

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

W A V Y HANDLED.

W 24--47.

XXIX.

v"' 6'' C&.

6ur.C~-63)

47 A

Mak.

66-71

D;

71-7s Mlh.

47 M

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

W A V Y HANDLED. S1

56

A

56 G

M r h.

Mak.

77

W 48-90.

XXX.

1:6

Lj&m3

CORPUS O F PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

DECORATED.

D 1-14.

XXXI.

1-r

'P "=

+r

& \:

h.'H ".C.

*+$?

U.C.

W,-&,

G er.

I:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

DECORATED.

D 15-29.

XXXII.

U.C.

L/

1: 6

.--.

CORPUS O F PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

D 33b

'6'

DECORXTED.

D 31-42.

XXXIIIo

34 K

/' --,

40-52

U.C.

1:6 43

A

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY. 43 c

@yjJ 43 T

U. C.

N 1 7 2 3 eo

DECORATED.

D 43-49.

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

DECORATED.

D 50-66.

xxxv,

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

DECORATED,

D 61-76,

incised

XXXVI.

1: 6

CORPUS O F PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

DECORATED.

D 78-93.

XXXVII.

1:6

CORPUS O F PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

ROUGH.

R 1-40.

XXXVIII.

1: 6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

ROUGH.

R 50-74.

XL.

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY,

ROUGH.

XLI,

R 74-81.

Har

W

1: 6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

ROUGH.

R 81-84.

X LII .

1:6

CORPUS O F PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

ROUGH.

R 84-86.

XLlll

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

An.. 9.

ROUGH.

R 87-100.

XLIV.

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

LATE.

L 17-32.

XLVI.

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

LATE.

L 33-36,

XLVII.

1: 6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

LATE.

L 36-43.

XLVIII.

1:6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

LATE.

L 44-52.

XLIX.

CORPUS O F PREHlSTORlC POTTERY.

1:6

0

L 53-64.

L,

Mak

Mah.

(-1

Mak Mak.

69-78

LATE.

Mak

Mak. 08-SO)

1: 6

CORPUS OF PREHISTORIC POTTERY.

LATE.

L 66-97.

LI.

1:4

CORPUS O F SLATE PALETTES.

2--15.

LII,

1:4

CORPUS OF SLATE PALETTES.

16-24.

LI I I.

1:4

CORPUS OF SLATE PALETTES.

24-45,

L 1.V

1:4

CORPUS OF SLATE PALETTES.

46-57,

LV

1:4

CORPUS O F S L A T E PALETTES.

58-75.

LVI.

1': 4

CORPUS OF SLATE PALETTES.

76--87.

LVII,

1:4

CORPUS O F S L A T E PALETTES.

88-92.

LVIII.

REISNER'S EQUIVALENTS T O CORPUS TYPES.

I

ALTERATIONS IN CORPUS NUMBERS.

,

LX.

GE R2 EH'= N EW NO. B 576 B 573

7 6 ~ 76w

P I6k P

tl

F

UCW

I T27s

L3t 366 3 6 ~

2 Tl4j 3 27 . f

57c

boc,

7'c

71

7Sd 75e

7Sm

81c

0Zk

E.D. I V

E.D. VIII I T bod 2 60&

3

38f 36%

7s k

Sld 956 97b

bOj

g?.%

g6vn 97k

looa

loo& l&

BP

98k 98k

F

81-

lk

E.D.\ X I W41 2

43k

4 $8 W 1qk W 27 I],

3 439 4

5

6 7

42%

9

51 e 61

8 10

14 45r

6s

I rb

17

1s 19

20

21

22

4bl4

38.

5

Ic

6

36

4 JI

I L lzc'

58e 49

8bk 66 c

5 Rqca 6

7'&

7

683 93 k 94c

R45k 0 R4Sa -

"

8 R44h

l

4y.F 1 1

L44

725

1 4 a .L.P. I

I B 3Lr

Ii P l k

Ic

7

8

62a 98

-

LP. v

l'

33n 9 I8n 10 r 8 k I 1 3a l 2, no fig. 6 D 12& 1 3 3a 8 P 14 3 3 8 F 8 0 m IS 3 3 f 16 133 L.P.VI E.D. 111 i W 19 2 54 I ~ 2 7 5 3 25 2 rof 3 639%

iz;

4

31c

8C

Ion

18h

16% 59 m 61k

6 Sc 4x4 43C

68% 4rw

44k 44C 44 c

44-k 441

466 63a

44n

6 0 1,

62a 601.

69e

66p

69f

691,

4bk

69% 74c

63s

4bd 4bFb 11

74%

76c

74a 76s

85e

85L

74d

25 49L

66 b

ssa

barn

11

27 49%

' l da l01

2s

l01

49L sob

E.D. X

90%

8 4 ~ ~

G

102 L436-

8qN

7%W

53 S

L 43b 53 v

53 t

53 L*r

I L31k 2 T90k 3 T954

4 5 6

7

8 8 ~

2d sqb

99n8 a7t8

9 see T. I"!

xrx U ta x L i

blr

~

43k

4bh 46d

79k

tf 18%

a

I

65e

30 3

34-d

23 4 9 L 24- 49%

26

2

I

76

b ~ a

n a

12T46~ 13 4 6 k

+e D

sj f

S$

I l 62a

80 F 8Se

2 3

LXI.

REGISTERS. POTTERY

Ihl

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Electronic publication prepared by Kelvin Smith Library Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, Ohio for ETANA Core Texts http://www.etana.org/coretexts.shtml