tag to start the definition list. 2. Enter the

tag to indicate a definition term. 3. Enter the text for the definition term. 4. Enter the

tag to indicate definition data — the description of the definition term. 5. Enter the text for the definition data. 6. For the remaining items in the list, enter the

tag followed by the definition term and then enter the

tag followed by the description of the term. Press Enter at the end of each line to visually separate the items on-screen as you edit. As with other kinds of list items, you don’t need to enter an end tag for definition terms or definition data. 7. Enter the

The link doesn’t need a pathname, but the anchor that links to it needs a pathname if the anchor and link are in different files. And you don’t need any text between the anchor’s beginning and ending. Try using internal links in an HTML document on your own machine, and test the links in your browser. Experiment with different kinds of relative addresses, or pathnames. Trying different links and pathnames gives you the experience you need to easily use these features in your “real” Web pages.

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Part III: Making Web Pages Work Harder Linking to specific spots in your own Web page is common. Many Web sites have long Web pages that include clever internal links that move the user around in the page. Linking to specific spots in other people’s Web pages is less common. Why? Because controlling where the other page’s author chooses to put link anchors is hard — and harder still to make sure that link anchors don’t get moved around on you unexpectedly, rendering your anchor invalid. How would you like it if, for example, you defined a link to a serious essay on home wine making and later discovered that the essay had been replaced by a discussion of Greek philosophy? (Though much of the latter may have been inspired by consumption of the results of the former.) Sheesh!

Browsing your own weblet Here’s the moment you’ve been waiting for: Whether you’ve followed all the previous steps, or just some, you now have a ready-to-use little HTML document. To see whether you did it right, all you have to do is try it in your Web browser. That’s right — you can view your very own HTML document in your very own browser! Not only can you view your HTML document from your browser, but you can even follow the links to other HTML documents on your local system and from your system out onto the Web. (We assume that your browser is connected to the Web at the time. If not, following a hypertext link to a Web URL is a short trip!) Using the Back command in your browser, you can even return to your own document. There’s only one limitation to this testing: Other Web sites can’t link to your HTML document because it’s only saved on your local machine, not on a Web server. And that’s the one thing that’s stopping your HTML document from being a Web page: It’s not hosted on a Web server. Details, details — we take care of that little omission in Chapter 16.

Can your browser handle it? An anchor can link the current document to another HTML file or to some other type of file, such as a graphic, a sound, a video clip, or almost anything else. Most browsers know how to handle HTML files and GIF or JPEG graphics files automatically. Different browsers may

handle other types of files in different ways — automatically, or by the user’s specifying a program to handle them. So for these examples, we stick with links to HTML files and GIF and JPEG files because we know that those files work with just about any browser setup.

Chapter 8: Introduction to HTML For now, you need to figure out how to view your HTML document in your browser. This is something you do every time you work on HTML documents. Start a document; view it in your browser. Change the document; view it in your browser. And on and on . . . (Maybe it’s finally time to buy that 20-inch computer monitor you’ve been thinking about so that you can see both documents at once as you switch back and forth.) To view your HTML document in your browser: 1. Start your browser. 2. Choose File➪Open (for Internet Explorer) or similar command (for other browsers). In the Open dialog box that appears, click Browse. 3. Find your HTML document on your hard disk and open it. 4. View your own HTML document in your own Web browser. You can even follow links by clicking them. If you do, use the Back command in your browser to return to your HTML document. 5. Look for problems in your HTML document or things you want to add. So half of your document is in italic and the rest is underlined as if it’s all part of a link. Who cares?! Go fix it! 6. Open the HTML document in your text editor or word processing program and fix it. You don’t need to close your browser to work on the HTML document. Note: The earlier sections of this chapter may be of some help here. 7. Save the changed HTML document. If you forget to save the document, your changes don’t show up in your browser, and you then wonder whether your changes “took” or whether you’re losing your sanity. 8. Use the Refresh command or a similar command in your Web browser to reload the fixed HTML document. If you forget to reload the document, your changes don’t show up in your browser, and, again, you wonder whether your changes “took” or whether you’re losing your sanity. If you forget to save the document after you make changes, or forget to reload the document in your browser, the changes you just made don’t show up. Anytime you think that this may have happened, just go back to your text editor or word processing program, save the document, return to your Web browser, and reload. The changes appear.

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Part III: Making Web Pages Work Harder 9. Repeat Steps 5 through 8 until you’re done. (Done can mean until the HTML document is done, as in finished, or until the HTML document’s author is done, as in toast!) Don’t forget to use the Refresh command when you’re done modifying your document and want to look at it again in the browser.

Looking to the next HTML steps The parts of HTML that we cover in this chapter represent just the basics. As you create, test, and deploy your own Web pages, you may want to understand more about HTML. If you use SeaMonkey Composer, which we describe in Chapter 9, or an online Web page service such as the ones we describe in Chapters 2, 3 and 4, you may be protected from the gory details of HTML. But you never know when you may end up back in “raw” HTML to add a feature or fix a problem. You can find lists of HTML tags on the Web at sources such as www.w3.org. And don’t forget that HTML 4 For Dummies, 4th Edition, by Ed Tittel and others (Wiley) is an excellent source for more detail on HTML.

Advances in HTML Since the Web first became widely (and wildly) popular in the mid-1990s, several advances in HTML have taken place. These advances build on the solid base of the original HTML specification and add new capabilities. However, they also make HTML much more complicated and add many more issues for those who design Web pages. The biggest changes are the additions of tables, frames, and Dynamic HTML. Tables not only display information in table form, but also are

widely used to help precisely position text and graphics within a Web page. Frames allow a Web page to be divided into independently controlled sections. They are somewhat widely used, but not as popular as tables. We describe how and when to use tables and frames in Chapter 14. However, you can go far with the basic HTML specification that is usable by all browsers, so we stick with that version throughout most of this book.

Chapter 9

Choosing Your Tools In This Chapter
Comparing WYSIWYG editing to plain text
Using SeaMonkey Composer
Using a text editor

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ou can use online tools, such as those we discuss in Chapters 2, 3, and 4, to create your initial Web page using a template. However, at some point, you will probably want to go further with your Web page than a template allows. To go beyond templates, you have to move away from the online tools and create your own Web page on your own hard disk. Then you can upload tried-and-tested Web pages to any number of different Web hosts, including Yahoo! GeoCities and AOL. This chapter describes how to create your initial Web page locally, on your own hard disk. The next few chapters describe how to improve your Web page and how to extend your Web page into a multipage Web site. Chapter 16 tells you how to publish one or more Web pages that are on your own machine onto the Web. This chapter helps you choose the approach you want to use and then shows you how to create your initial Web page. Yahoo! GeoCities and AOL each have advanced tools that let you go pretty far with your Web page. However, these tools lock you into having your hosting done on the service that provides them. If you feel comfortable keeping your Web page on the same host for a long time to come, you may want to continue using these advanced tools. The approach we describe in this book, however, gives you more opportunities to keep costs low and flexibility high.

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Choosing Between WYSIWYG and Plain Text You can use a couple different approaches to create and edit Web pages on your own computer. One approach is to use a WYSIWYG Web page editor. WYSIWYG is pronounced “whizzywig,” and stands for What You See Is What You Get. A WYSIWYG Web page editor is like a word processing program — what you see onscreen is at least close to what you get when you publish your Web page and look at it online. The problem with this is that WYSIWYG doesn’t work perfectly on the Web. As we describe in Chapter 8, different Web browsers can interpret the same HTML tags differently. Also, users can have different browser settings, which means the same page can take on a different look for different users. This variability undermines your efforts to make your Web page look just so. To work around these problems, and to create Web pages that work well on the widest possible range of computers and browser versions and settings, knowing what’s going on with the underlying HTML really helps. For this reason, many Web page publishers work directly with HTML tags. Others work with a WYSIWYG editor, but frequently check what the underlying HTML-tagged text — usually just called “the HTML” — looks like. We recommend that you either work directly in HTML or use a simple WYSIWYG tool that doesn’t try to do too much for you, and look frequently at the underlying HTML. If you do want to use a tool, we recommend SeaMonkey Composer.

Pluses and minuses of text editors The reasons in favor of editing HTML directly in a text editor are fairly simple. You work directly in HTML — never anything else. You’re always looking directly at the HTML tags. Any time you want to add a feature to your Web page, you’re forced to learn the HTML tags for that feature and use them, which means you’re gradually learning the underlying language of Web pages. The reasons not to work directly in HTML using a text editor are fairly simple as well. Imagining what your Web page is going to look like is quite difficult when you’re just looking at text and tags. You can easily make mistakes in the construction of your Web page when you’re working directly with the tags — and easily get lost in looking at the HTML-tagged text when you’re trying to remember where to make an addition or change.

Chapter 9: Choosing Your Tools Figure 9-1 shows a simple Web page as it appears when being edited in a text editor (left) and the SeaMonkey Composer editing window (right). You may be able to tell just from looking at the picture which kind of environment you prefer to work in. If not, try both, using the instructions in this chapter, and see which one you prefer.

Pluses and minuses of SeaMonkey Composer Using a WYSIWYG editor such as SeaMonkey Composer has its trade-offs too. WYSIWYG editors shield you from the underlying HTML, so you can see what your page is likely to look like on the Web. But the underlying HTML tags are hidden from you, so you don’t know exactly what’s going on. The more capable WYSIWYG editors support newer, more advanced HTML functionality as well — which is good if you want to use those functions, but makes creating Web pages that don’t work well on all Web browsers all too easy.

Figure 9-1: You can compose in a text editor or Composer.

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What on earth is a SeaMonkey? Well, a real sea monkey is a weird kind of pet, actually a brine shrimp that can be hatched from eggs that can last a long time. Generations of kids have had sea monkeys as a kind of halfpet, half-science project. sea monkeys are sold around the world; find out more at www. sea-monkeys.com. But the SeaMonkey we’re interested in here is an Internet application suite. It’s a descendant of the old Netscape Internet suite. (The nowpopular Firefox browser is another offspring of Netscape.) Remember Netscape Navigator, the first widely popular browser for the Web, back when the Web was created in the early ‘90s? Maybe not — but that’s okay, you don’t need to know the history of SeaMonkey to use it. SeaMonkey is a suite of Internet applications, including a Web browser, e-mail client and, most importantly to us, an HTML editor. That’s right — a simple and, best of all, free and easy to use tool for creating Web pages. SeaMonkey’s HTML editor makes it easy to create simple Web pages without seeing HTML — and then turn right around and look at the underlying HTML, and even edit it directly. It’s the best of both worlds, a “hand tool” that

keeps you close to what you’re creating, rather than a “power tool” for mass production. If you’re a bit worried about putting something named after sea monkeys on your hard disk, don’t be; the name is just a continuation of the whimsical sense of humor that has always been part of the Netscape project. SeaMonkey Composer is widely used, even by Web experts, to make quick work of HTML editing. (Look up “seamonkey composer” in a Web search engine if you want to verify this.) Of course, if you need more advanced features for Web page creation, you should purchase a tool such as Microsoft FrontPage, the industry leader, or Macromedia Dreamweaver, which is very popular with professionals. SeaMonkey Composer lacks advanced features such as checking for broken links, adding frames, or drawing tables. It doesn’t deal well with code it doesn’t understand, so you shouldn’t use it to edit existing Web pages. But at the same time, SeaMonkey Composer doesn’t cost anything, and it produces cleaner HTML code than most other tools. Overall, it’s a great tool for starting out.

SeaMonkey Composer has most of the advantages of an HTML tool, with few of the disadvantages. Here are its six key advantages as an HTML tool:  SeaMonkey Composer is free. SeaMonkey makes Composer available for free along with SeaMonkey Navigator, the offspring of Netscape Navigator, first widely popular browser for the Web.  It’s easy. Composer is very easy to use. It leaves out some complex editing functions in favor of drop-dead simplicity.  Its functions match HTML tags. The functions available in Composer are the functions available in HTML — and only those functions. You can’t do things in your Web page that aren’t supported by Web browsers.

Chapter 9: Choosing Your Tools  It uses “generic” HTML. The only functions available in Composer are those supported by all widely used versions of HTML. Web pages that you create with Composer are likely usable by all major Web browsers.  It lets you see and edit HTML. Composer gives you one-click access to the HTML tags underlying your Web page. You get ease of editing in WYSIWYG mode but can still always see and edit the underlying HTMLtagged text.  It’s part of the SeaMonkey Internet application suite. Composer comes with SeaMonkey’s browser, SeaMonkey Navigator — which is a close cousin to Firefox, the second-most-popular browser for the Web. You should use SeaMonkey Navigator and Firefox, along with Internet Explorer, for testing your Web pages; whether you also need to use the other tools in the SeaMonkey suite is up to you. These features of SeaMonkey Composer place it comfortably between using a text editor and working directly with HTML tags, which can be frustrating and lead you to make mistakes in the look and layout of your page, or the more advanced HTML editors, such as FrontPage and Dreamweaver, which may overwhelm you with functionality. We recommend that most beginning Web publishers use Composer, and check the underlying HTML frequently to see what’s really going on. As you get more knowledgeable with HTML, you may wish to buy and use a more advanced HTML editor — or go the low-tech route, as many Web professionals do much of the time, and use a basic text editor.

What if you use AOL or CompuServe? AOL and CompuServe each have built-in Web browsers that run within the program, somewhat muddying the distinction between the online service itself and the open Web that anyone can access. But you can still run other browsers, with AOL or CompuServe providing the Internet connection. And you probably want to — the built-in browsers are not as good as Internet Explorer, Firefox, or SeaMonkey. Simply install the latest versions of Internet Explorer, if your current version is old, and SeaMonkey software. Start your AOL or CompuServe software and connect to the Internet. Then start your Web

browser. (You can even start one browser, and then the other; recent versions of IE and Navigator can both run at the same time.) Use your Web browser to look at Web sites, including for testing your own Web site under development. Use SeaMonkey Composer to create Web pages. You can also test the Web page(s) you’re developing in the built-in AOL or CompuServe browser to make sure you don’t have problems. However, testing with AOL or CompuServe is less important than testing in other browsers, especially Internet Explorer, which is still used by the vast majority of people on the Web.

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Part III: Making Web Pages Work Harder We recommend that you consider using Composer initially even if you own a more advanced HTML editor such as Dreamweaver or FrontPage. The functionality of Composer is simpler, making it easier to learn the core features of HTML, and you can follow along better with this book. If you already have Netscape or SeaMonkey software installed, you may already have Composer on your computer. Check Start➪Programs➪ Netscape 7.1➪Composer, or the corresponding folder and filenames on your system, to see if the Netscape/SeaMonkey browser, with or without Composer, is installed. If so, check to see if Composer is available, either as a separate program or as an option within the Netscape browser. If Composer is there, you can run the software you already have, or upgrade using the instructions in this chapter.

Working with Composer SeaMonkey Composer has all the important basic features that you need to build basic Web pages. Using these features, you can:  Create and edit Web pages without seeing HTML tags  Drag and drop links to other Web locations without typing the URL or pathname  Cut and paste graphics into your Web page, resize graphics, and add alternate text  Create and edit tables  Create and edit forms — interactive data entry fields commonly found on Web pages You can also insert multimedia files and computer programs into your Web page. However, not all users can play back those files or run those programs because they may not have the appropriate browser or the right plug-ins installed. If you add advanced elements, such as multimedia files or computer programs, into your Web page, be prepared to test your pages with several different browsers and to tell your Web visitors what to expect. SeaMonkey Composer supports forms, but it can’t give you the CGI scripts — short for Common Gateway Interface scripts — that you need to make the forms work. These CGI scripts process the data that the user enters into a form; if you can create CGI scripts, you’re probably ready for a more advanced tool than Composer. However, if you don’t want to mess with creating these scripts, you can get CGI scripts from others on the Web.

Chapter 9: Choosing Your Tools Composer doesn’t support frames — advanced HTML elements that split a Web page into separate, scrollable pieces. Designing Web pages that work well with frames isn’t easy, so it makes some sense that Composer, as a free tool, doesn’t support frames. Although Composer doesn’t support frames, it does enable you to add any HTML tags that you want directly into your Web page. However, the whole point of using a tool is to reduce the amount of HTML coding that you have to do; if you find yourself coding directly in HTML to avoid the limitations of Composer, such as the aforementioned lack of support for frames, consider buying a more capable tool, such as Microsoft FrontPage or Macromedia Dreamweaver.

Running with the SeaMonkeys At this writing, the current version of SeaMonkey software is called SeaMonkey 1.0.2. You can choose which parts of the suite to download; you can get all the pieces that used to be in the Netscape Communicator suite, such as the e-mail application, or just the browser (which includes Composer), or any mix you want. For more about SeaMonkey, go to the SeaMonkey project page at www. mozilla.com/projects/seamonkey/channels.SeaMonkey.com/ns/ browsers/, shown in Figure 9-2.

Figure 9-2: Find out about SeaMonkey’s benefits.

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Part III: Making Web Pages Work Harder In this chapter, we tell you how to get the basics that you need for Web authoring: the SeaMonkey Navigator 1.0.2 browser and SeaMonkey Composer. You can download more pieces of the suite if you choose. Follow the instructions in the next section. In order to run SeaMonkey, you need one of the following system setups:  Windows: You can run SeaMonkey 1.0.2 on some versions of Windows 95 or any later version of Windows — Windows 98, Windows ME, Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, Windows 2003, or Windows XP. You need a 233 MHz or faster Pentium, 64MB of RAM, and 100MB of free hard disk space. (You can actually run SeaMonkey 1.0.2 on a somewhat lesser system configuration — as long as you have, or can clear off, enough hard disk space to install the parts of SeaMonkey 1.0.2 that you download — but performance does suffer.)  Macintosh: For the Mac, you need a fairly recent version of the operating system: Mac OS X 10.2 or later. Hardware requirements are similar to those for the PC: A 266 MHz or faster PowerPC chip, 64MB of RAM, and 100MB of free hard disk space.  Linux: SeaMonkey 1.0.2 runs on Linux on Intel-architecture machines (usually called PCs). You need Red Hat Linux 7.0 or later — or the Linux kernel 2.2.14 with #glibc 2.3.2, GTK 2.x, glib 2.x, libstdc++-3.3, and XFree86 4.3.x. (That all sounds like “glib”-berish to us!) Hardware requirements are the same as for SeaMonkey running on Windows — a 233 MHz or faster Pentium, 64MB of RAM, and 100MB of free hard disk space. As with Windows, you may be able to get by with a slower Pentium or less RAM, but performance is slow. If you have a UNIX workstation (not using an Intel microprocessor and Red Hat Linux), or a PC or Mac that doesn’t meet the requirements, you can probably get an earlier version of Netscape software that meets your needs. Find the older software at wp.netscape.com/browsers/4/index.html. If you need to use an older version of SeaMonkey software, follow the onscreen instructions for installation. They are similar to the instructions for installing SeaMonkey 1.0.2, but not exactly the same.

Getting SeaMonkey Composer The instructions in this section tell you how to get the newest version of SeaMonkey browser software (including Composer) only, not the remaining pieces of what used to be called the Netscape Communicator suite. That’s because getting the browser and Composer only makes the download quicker and means you have a simpler software package that takes up less hard disk space. We show you where to click a different button if you want the other parts of the suite as well.

Chapter 9: Choosing Your Tools Be sure to upgrade your software if you have Netscape Navigator Version 6.0. Netscape 6.0 was widely disparaged as buggy, slow-loading software. Later versions, such as 6.1 and 6.2, don’t have the same problems. Follow these steps to get the current version of SeaMonkey Navigator: 1. Go to the SeaMonkey Web site at www.mozilla.org/projects/ seamonkey. The SeaMonkey Web site appears. This site is the default home page for the SeaMonkey Navigator browser. And this is just the beginning — as we describe in a later step, the complete download takes over an hour on a modem-based connection. 2. Click the Download Now link for your system in the upper right-hand area of the window. For an English-language version for Windows, click the link Windows, English (12MB). The File Download — Security Warning dialog box appears. 3. Click Run. Missing this button is easy, because it’s just as easy to click Save, which saves the program to disk. If you keep this option, you go through an unnecessary step of erasing the installation program. The program downloads into a temporary folder, which takes about five minutes over a modem connection, and then the SeaMonkey Setup Welcome dialog box appears. 4. Click Next. The license agreement appears. 5. Click Accept to accept the license agreement. The Setup Type dialog box appears. 6. Choose Custom and then click Next. The Select Typical Components dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 9-3. 7. Clear the Mail & Newsgroups, Chatzilla, Debugger, Inspector, Roaming, and Website Reporter check boxes, unless you need these programs for reasons other than Web page authoring. Click Next. The Mail program and other options add about 2.5MB to your download size and hard disk requirements. Leaving them out saves you time and disk space. The SeaMonkey Setup — Select Program Folder dialog box appears.

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Figure 9-3: Just get Navigator and the spell checker.

8. Leave the Program Folder set to the default, SeaMonkey. Click Next. The SeaMonkey Setup — Quick Launch dialog box appears. 9. Enable Quick Launch by making sure the check box is checked if you plan to run SeaMonkey Navigator as your everyday browser; otherwise, make sure to clear the check box. Click Next. Quick Launch moves part of the SeaMonkey Navigator startup code to your computer’s startup process, which means some of the work of loading the program is already done when you launch Navigator itself. This shortcut costs you a few seconds every time you start up, and uses system resources that other programs may need, but saves you a few seconds every time you start Navigator. The tradeoff is worthwhile if you plan to use Navigator as your daily browser, and isn’t worthwhile if you plan to use Internet Explorer or another browser instead. The Start Install dialog box appears. 10. Review the choices you’ve made. If you need to make a change, click Back as many times as needed, make the changes, and then work your way back to this point. Then click Install. If you chose the minimal download we recommend — SeaMonkey Navigator plus the spell checker — the downloaded file is about 9.5MB in size, and takes a minute or so to download over a fast connection, about 15 minutes to download over a 56K modem. After the installation is complete, a dialog box appears asking if you would like to make SeaMonkey your default browser. We don’t recommend this — most users would prefer to stick with Internet Explorer

Chapter 9: Choosing Your Tools (the default browser for most PCs) or Safari (the default browser for most Macs). If you want something different, Firefox is based on the same code as SeaMonkey, but is more up-to-date. Firefox is available at www.getfirefox.com. 11. Unless you’re certain you want to switch, click No to setting SeaMonkey as your default browser. The SeaMonkey browser opens and the Getting Involved with SeaMonkey Web page appears on your desktop, as shown in Figure 9-4. SeaMonkey is now available from your Start menu.

Using SeaMonkey Composer Throughout the remainder of the book, we describe how to use SeaMonkey Composer to make specific kinds of changes in your Web site. But before that, follow these steps to start Composer and get oriented to using it: 1. Start SeaMonkey Navigator. Start Navigator from the Start menu by choosing Start➪Programs➪ SeaMonkey➪SeaMonkey. The SeaMonkey Navigator window opens. The SeaMonkey Project Start page is shown in Figure 9-4. The SeaMonkey Navigator browser starts and the SeaMonkey Project Start page appears. This site is the default home page for the SeaMonkey Project. (You can change the default home page by navigating to the page you want, and then choosing Edit➪Preferences. Choose the Navigator category, and then change your home page address by clicking the Use Current Page button, and then clicking OK.) 2. Start Composer by choosing Window➪Composer. The Composer window opens, as shown in Figure 9-5. 3. Pull down the menus and look at the flyout options and buttons to see what options are available. Composer’s options are only those supported by HTML, so you can get a good idea of what you can do on any Web page by looking carefully through Composer’s menu options. The remaining chapters in this part of the book go into detail about how to create a Web page using either Composer or a text editor, which is introduced in the next section.

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Figure 9-4: SeaMonkey gives you a busy starting page.

Figure 9-5: Composer helps you create noteworthy Web pages.

Chapter 9: Choosing Your Tools

Using a Text Editor If you want to use a text editor, you have the following choices:  A “pure” text editor such as Notepad (Windows) or BBEdit (Macintosh): “Pure” text editors don’t add any formatting to text, so you don’t have to worry about hidden formatting getting added to your file. Windows WordPad, which also comes free with Windows, is a simple word processing program, not a true text editor — use Windows Notepad instead. For the PC, you may want to see if you can find a freeware or shareware text editor with Web editing features; new ones are being created all the time. A good place to look is C|NET’s download.com at www. download.com.  A word processor: You can use a word processing program such as Windows Microsoft Word, WordPerfect, or some other full-featured word processor. However, you have to be sure to always save your Web page files as HTML files, and to add the extension .htm to the end of the filename. Also, the plethora of features in your word processor can be confusing because most of them aren’t supported by HTML and therefore don’t appear in your Web page. When using either a word processor or a text editor, you should save your Web page files with the suffix .htm. When using a word processor, you additionally have to use a pull-down menu or other option setting to tell the word processor to save your file as a text file — that is, with none of the normal word processor formatting. We can sum up the trade-off between using a pure text editor versus a word processor as the trade-off between two different kinds of convenience. A pure text editor never adds word processor formatting to your document — the file is always a text file. And the pure text editor is simple — it doesn’t offer you a bunch of formatting options that may or may not be supported by HTML. A word processor, on the other hand, is familiar. You know exactly how to work with features such as the spell checker (which already has any words you’ve added to the dictionary), formatting, and print options. This familiarity can be a real plus when you’re working with a long and complicated Web page file. Many spell checkers choke on HTML tags, so they aren’t very usable for Web pages. Composer’s spell checker works on the text that appears in the Web page, so it doesn’t have this problem.

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Part III: Making Web Pages Work Harder You can use either a text editor or a word processor, but our experience is that the text editor is a better choice. Almost every serious Web page pro we know uses a text editor for some of their work, and a full-featured Web page creation tool such as FrontPage or Dreamweaver for the rest. (And sometimes a lighter tool, such as SeaMonkey Composer, for quickly trying out an idea.) If you do use your word processor for editing Web pages, you may find that it has an option for working directly on Web pages. In our limited experience, this option is more confusing than helpful. However, you may wish to try this option if you feel most comfortable in the word processing environment.

Chapter 10

Creating Your Home Page In This Chapter
Deciding what to put in a home page
Starting your page
Getting your META tags right

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reating your Web home page is a lot of fun — and may be the occasion for some anxiety. After all, your home page will be published on the World Wide Web — it’s like putting something you wrote in your diary onto a billboard on the busiest street in town! Knowing what to say on your home page can be hard, but we give you some ideas in this chapter. Luckily, the mechanical part — creating your first Web page and putting it on the Web — is fairly easy. This chapter tells you how to create the page itself; the next chapter tells you how to add graphics. Other chapters tell you how to improve your page further. In Chapter 16, we tell you how to publish your page on the Web.

What to Put in a Home Page Many people think the most important thing about publishing their first Web page is learning HTML. They may take an HTML course, or pick up a book like this one, and feel ready to create their first Web page. Only then do they find out that the real problem in creating their first Web page is knowing what to say! The “what to say” problem is easier to solve if you think of your Web page as a set of blocks of content. Each block covers a specific thing you want to describe on your Web page. For instance, a set of links relating to your hobby is one block of content; your résumé can be another block. By figuring out which blocks of content you want to put up first, and then figuring out what to say in each block, you cut the overall problem of what to put on your Web page into easier-to-manage pieces.

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Part III: Making Web Pages Work Harder Using blocks of content also helps you move smoothly from having a single Web page to having a multipage Web site. Your first Web page may be a long page with several blocks of content. When you’re ready to move to a multipage Web site, as described in Chapter 15, you can take the blocks of content from your single home page and move several of them onto separate Web pages. The great thing about Web publishing is that you can always change your Web pages later. “Just do it” — get something up that you’re at least sort of proud of — then continually improve your Web page as you learn more. You may have your own ideas for what to put on your initial home page, and if so, that’s great. But in case you’re stuck, the next few sections offer a few ideas to get you started.

Me and my interests The easiest and most fun thing to put on your first Web page is a description of yourself and the things you’re interested in. This type of Web page is put up for fun, and also works well for certain specific purposes, such as applying for college or online dating (meaning you then have nothing to talk about at that first lunch!). Figure 10-1 shows an example of this kind of personal Web page.

Figure 10-1: Get personal with your first Web page.

Chapter 10: Creating Your Home Page Here are some of the blocks of content you may want to include in an interests page:  A brief description of yourself: Briefly describe yourself — name; age or age range; what you do; where you work, go to school, and live; and a bit of your personal history. Don’t give too much detail about yourself, or you may become a victim of identity theft. See the sidebar, “Maintain your identity,” for details.  A photo of yourself: You can use a photo of yourself as part of your selfdescription. We tell you much more about how to get a photo of yourself onto the Web in Chapter 12.  A description of your interests: Your Web page may focus on one or two of your interests, but having a brief list of all your major interests is nice — this section makes someone visiting your Web page feel like they really know you.  A description of your work or school: Describing how you spend your days is an interesting part of a rounded picture of you. Include a link to the Web site of your company or school, if there is one. (We tell you how to create links in Chapter 13.)  Favorite links, by interest: (One or more blocks.) Many people put their favorite links on their Web site, but the list tends to be both obvious and confusing — a mish-mash of things thrown together and including obvious sites such as Yahoo! or Amazon, which almost all Web users know about already. Create short lists of your favorite sites on one specific interest at a time — and precede it with a brief description of why you have that interest.  Detailed link descriptions: For each link you provide, give a description of the site and what you find valuable about it. Link to specific pages in the site with the best stuff, rather than just linking to the site’s home page. You can create this kind of Web page as a simple, long, scrolling page with no navigation — just one block of content after another. For this kind of Web page, whether the formatting and look of the page are kind of rough around the edges doesn’t matter — interesting content is enough to make the Web page stand on its own.

Me and my family A popular use of a Web page is to put up photos of yourself, your spouse, or significant other, your kids, your pets, and other important people in your life. (We know pets aren’t people, but many pet lovers don’t.) This kind of Web site helps families and friends keep in touch. See Figure 10-2 for an example, from a husband and wife who both love travel and wine.

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Figure 10-2: Make the Web a family affair.

Such pages can grow into fairly large Web sites as you put up additional pages for each family member and each birthday party or vacation that gets memorialized on the Web site. For your initial, simple home page, though, consider the following content:  A brief description of yourself and other family members: Have each person in the family briefly describe themselves — name, age or age range, work or school details, where he or she lives, and a bit of personal history. See the sidebar, “Maintain your identity,” for some caveats about how much personal information you should put on your site.  A photo of each person: Include a group photo or a photo of each person. Don’t use too many photos, or photos that are too large, or your Web page loads very slowly. See Chapter 12 for more on photos and other graphics.  Descriptions of everyone’s interests: A brief list of each person’s major interests is a nice touch on a family Web page. This section can also give relatives a clue as to what to get each person in the way of birthday and holiday gifts, without anyone being too obvious about saying what they want. (If you do want to be obvious, just create a Wish List on amazon.com, and link to it from your Web site!)

Chapter 10: Creating Your Home Page  A description of each person’s work or school: Seeing — or being reminded — how each person in your family spends his weekdays is nice. Include a link to the Web site of each person’s company or school, if available. (We tell you how to include links in Chapter 13.)  Favorite links, by person: (One block per person.) A list of each person’s top five or seven sites gives visitors an idea of each family member’s interests without making the page too lengthy. Like a personal page, a family page can be a simple, long, scrolling page with no navigation, and the look can be whatever you want it to be — no professionalism needed. This kind of page is more fun the more you put into it, without worrying too much about appearances.

Me and my work You can put up a brief Web professional page describing your professional background and interests — kind of an illuminated résumé. You can tilt this kind of page toward sharing your professional interests, or more narrowly focused on helping you get a job.

Maintain your identity When creating your personal Web page, avoid giving out specifics that a thief can use to steal your identity. Another person needs surprisingly little personal information to fill out a credit application in your name and get credit while posing as you. The identity thief can then run up thousands of dollars of charges against your credit in a few days, all without your knowledge. Cleaning up after this kind of attack on your credit can be very difficult, expensive, and time-consuming. The main thing to avoid is giving specific names and numbers: Your driver’s license number, your Social Security number, and credit card numbers are strictly off limits, which may seem obvious. (One security expert described the Social Security number as the “golden key” to an American’s identity.) But you should also avoid giving other numbers: Your street address and your personal phone number are good things to

leave out, as are your exact age and your birth date. You may even want to leave these details off an online résumé; just include your name and e-mail address for people to use in making an initial contact with you. Don’t give a lot of details about family members, and specifically avoid giving your mother’s maiden name — a bit of information that’s commonly used to verify identity. Staying vague about family members protects them as well as you. Be careful to avoid giving details about kids, especially information that can allow someone to identify and find a child. For instance, you may decide to go ahead and put your address and phone number on your site — but don’t also include a picture of one of your kids and his or her name, or your kids may get the attention of the wrong kind of people.

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Part III: Making Web Pages Work Harder Some blocks of content you may want to include in a work-related page:  A brief description of yourself: As in a personal page, described in the previous section, a brief description of yourself is interesting. Talk about yourself as a human being — leave your professional interests to their own section.  A photo of yourself?: A photo of yourself is a nice addition to a professional site. But if you’re going to be using your professional page for getting a job, you may want to leave the photo off. Why? Because many employers, concerned about discrimination issues, don’t accept a résumé with a photo in the early screening stages; they simply ignore any such résumés. So leave the photo off your professional site if you’re actively looking for work.  A description of your professional interests: A professional Web page should list your major professional interests. You should probably leave personal interests for your personal site, unless you have a leadership role in a volunteer organization or some other work-relevant personal involvement.  Favorite links, by interest: (One or more blocks.) A well-organized list of links to areas of professional interest to you can be impressive, and a real resource for others with similar interests. Create a separate list for each of your major areas of interest.  A formatted, printable résumé: If you are considering using your professional site as a resource for a job hunt, or if you just want people to be able to see all the work experience that’s summed up in your résumé, add a formatted résumé to your Web page. A work-related site can be a single Web page at first, but you’ll probably want to have your résumé as a separate page before too long. We describe how to add additional pages to your Web site in Chapter 15. And, since it’s for workrelated purposes, you won’t want the site to be too ugly. See Chapter 14 for details on creating an attractive site. We suggest that you not create a Web site for your business — even a small business — as your first Web publishing effort. A business Web page needs to have an attractive look, a good balance of text and graphics, and correct spelling and grammar. This is a lot of requirements to meet in your first Web publishing effort. We suggest you create a personal Web page — either for yourself as an individual, for your family, or for your work interests — to start with. Later, you can use your newly acquired skills to tackle the tougher job of creating a business Web site.

Chapter 10: Creating Your Home Page

Starting Your Page Okay, so you’re ready to create your first personal Web page. How do you actually do it? Just fire up your Web page editor — whether it’s a text editor or a Web page editing program such as Composer — and start writing. Use HTML commands, if in a text editor, or the commands that your Web page editor makes available to format your text as you go along. One way to make Web publishing easier is to separate the “what do I say” part from the Web publishing part. Consider creating a mock-up of your home page first in your favorite word processing program. Get the text right, insert a picture, and so on. Then, when you actually create your Web page, copy and paste the text from your word processing program into your Web page editor. When you bring content from a word processing program into a Web page editing program, be ready to redo your formatting — and to rewrite some of your text to make it more Web-friendly. Short, punchy text with lots of headings, bulleted lists, and numbered lists is the recipe for easy-to-read Web writing.

Creating your initial page, using HTML In this section, and the following sections, we tell you how to create your Web page, using HTML in a text-editing program. This allows you to really get to know the HTML tags by using them directly. In alternating sections, we describe how to do the same thing, using a Web page editing program such as SeaMonkey Composer. This allows you to concentrate more on your content and less on the mechanics of HTML. The steps in this section are for Windows Notepad, but a similar process works for any text editor — or even for a word processing program, if you’re careful to save the file as text, and then add .htm to the end of the filename to indicate that it’s an HTML file. In this section, we describe very specifically how to get your HTML file started — if you do it right, life is easy, but if you make even a small mistake, editing and previewing your file is hard. Follow these steps to create an initial Web page in HTML:

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Part III: Making Web Pages Work Harder 1. Open your text-editing program. For instance, to use Windows Notepad as your text editor, choose Start➪Programs➪Accessories➪Notepad. Your text-editing program opens a new document. 2. Add the required header and other tags to your document: The and , and , , and and tag pairs. Enter the following lines in your HTML file: The main content of your Web page goes in the body section. See Figure 10-3 for a display of these HTML tags in a Notepad document.

Figure 10-3: Get the HTML into your document.

Chapter 10: Creating Your Home Page The main part of your Web document goes between the and tags. The tag with an exclamation point, , contains a comment. The browser ignores this tag and its contents, and doesn’t display them in your document, but using this tag allows you to make notes to yourself in the HTML text. The text between the pair of tags is the title of the document. A Web browser displays the title in the top of the file window. 3. Begin the process of saving the file by choosing File➪Save. The Save As dialog box opens. Both the Save and Save As commands open the Save As dialog box when you’re saving a file that you haven’t previously saved. 4. Create a new folder for your Web page files. Use the pull-down file menu at the top of the Save As dialog box to navigate to the spot where you want to create your new folder. Then use the Create New Folder icon — the folder with the starburst on it — to create the new folder. Name it according to the rules in the sidebar, “How to make Web filenames.” Then open the new folder to save your file into it. See the sidebar, “Files of a feather,” for details on why keeping all the files that make up your Web page or Web site in one place is important. 5. Use the Save as Type pull-down menu to save your file as a text document. Unless you’re using Notepad, which always saves files as text, get in the habit of saving your HTML files as text documents. That way, even if you work on the file in a word processor, your file saves in text format, without any word processor formatting codes. 6. Enter the filename you want to use, followed by the suffix .htm. For example, you can call the file mypage.htm. See the sidebar, “How to make Web filenames,” for details on why it’s important to save your file as a text file, and to end your HTML files’ filenames with .htm. Using the .htm suffix allows you to easily open the file in a Web browser program to review it. 7. Click the Save button. Notepad saves your file as a text document with the filename you give it, including the suffix .htm. 8. To preview your Web page in a Web browser, open a browser such as Internet Explorer. Now’s a good time to get in the habit of having a browser window open so you can check your HTML work as you go along. Every time you save your HTML document, you can open the saved document in your Web browser to see how it will look as a real Web page.

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Part III: Making Web Pages Work Harder 9. In your browser, choose File➪Open to bring up the Open dialog box. Click the Browse button to open a dialog box that allows you to find your file. Navigate to where your file is and click its name to select it. Then click Open. 10. Your file opens in the browser. Figure 10-4 shows the text file and the browser open next to each other. Note that the title specified in the HTML document is shown in the Web browser’s file window. Web page authors commonly use this way of working, with the HTML document and a Web browser open at the same time, to keep track of the changes they’re making in a document. To see changes you’re making in your HTML document, you have to save the HTML file and then click the Refresh or Reload button in your browser. Refreshing the contents of your browser makes the browser get a new copy of the page from the Web server — or, in this case, from your computer’s hard disk.

Title in HTML document

Figure 10-4: Only the title is changed to protect the emptiness.

Title displayed in Web browser

Chapter 10: Creating Your Home Page

Creating your initial page, using a Web editor Using a text editor, as described in the previous section, allows you to get up close and personal with HTML tags. Using a Web editor such as SeaMonkey Composer, introduced in Chapter 9, allows you to worry less about HTML tags and more about your actual content. (Don’t worry that you won’t learn HTML — we have you look at the HTML-tagged text underlying your document frequently.)

How to make Web filenames Here are a few things to keep in mind when naming your files for the Web:  When you tell a Windows program to save your file as a text document, it saves just the actual text characters that you see onscreen, without any formatting commands. The Windows program also assigns the suffix .txt to the file, unless you tell it otherwise. The filename’s suffix, which is usually hidden from you by Windows, helps Windows figure out what kinds of programs the file “belongs” to. When you name your file with the suffix .htm, it overrides the .txt suffix that Windows would otherwise assign to a file that’s saved as text.  When your file ends in .htm, Windows recognizes it as an HTML file. This extension allows you to easily open the file from a Web browser program such as Internet Explorer. By doing this, you can preview your file as you work on it — and, more importantly, other people can open your file as a Web page when you put it on a Web server. You may also see some Web pages with filenames ending in .html; this suffix works on most Web servers. However, you should not end the filenames of your Web pages with .html because some programs that

you may use to edit your file or to transfer it to a Web server truncate the suffix to .htm. This breaks any links you have to the document because they refer to the file using its original suffix, .html. Save yourself potential headaches and always use .htm as the suffix for your HTML files.  Not putting spaces in your Web filenames and using only lowercase letters in the filenames is also important. Why? Because your Web page may be published on a UNIX server, or on a server that runs an old version of Windows. Different servers have different filename rules. Only a filename with a main part of eight characters or less, with .htm as its suffix, and with no uppercase characters, spaces, or other special characters is sure to stay intact and accessible when you publish your Web page onto a Web server. You should also keep your folder names all lowercase, for the same reasons. If your folder name changes when you transfer your Web page to a server for publication, links to the Web pages and graphics files in the folder can be broken. Nothing is more frustrating — or embarrassing, especially if you’re creating a Web page for a company or other organization — than having your hyperlinks break when you move your Web site from your own machine to a Web server.

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Part III: Making Web Pages Work Harder The steps in this section are for SeaMonkey Composer, but a similar process works for other Web page editors, such as Microsoft FrontPage or Dreamweaver. These full-featured editors have all the features of Composer, and then some, so you can follow the steps given here in the more capable programs. Follow these steps to create your initial Web page in Composer: 1. Open Composer. First open SeaMonkey Navigator by choosing Start➪ Programs➪SeaMonkey➪SeaMonkey. Then choose Window➪Composer. SeaMonkey Composer opens with an empty window. After you open Composer, you can close Navigator, and Composer still stays open. 2. Give your document a title by choosing Format➪Page Title and Properties. The Page Properties dialog box opens. 3. Enter the title for your document. (A Web browser displays the title in the top of the file window.) Optionally, you may want to enter your name and a file description in the Author and Description areas. Click OK when you finish. The Author and Description fields are most useful if you’re working with others on the same machine or on the same Web site. They help identify who on a team is working on a document and what each HTML file is for. 4. Preview your document’s HTML by choosing View➪HTML Source or clicking the Source tab at the bottom of the editing window. Your document’s HTML source appears, as shown in Figure 10-5. Note that you have no actual content in your document, but already you have almost a dozen HTML tags! These tags are automatically generated by Composer. Don’t worry, most of the work you do from here on has results that are directly visible in your Web page. Note the sets of tag pairs that are standard in any HTML document: the and , and , , and and tag pairs. Also note the META tags. For a brief description of META tags, see the section “I Never META Tag I Didn’t Like” later in this chapter. The main part of your Web document goes between the and tags. The tag with an exclamation point, , contains a comment. The browser ignores and does not display this tag and its contents in your document, but the comment tag allows you to make notes to yourself in the HTML text.

Chapter 10: Creating Your Home Page

Figure 10-5: Composer lets you go to the (HTML) source.

The text between the pair of tags is the title of the document. The Web browser in the top of the file window displays it. It is also likely to be used by Internet search engines to index your page for searching. 5. Return to a normal view of your Web page by choosing View➪Normal Edit Mode or by clicking the Normal tab at the bottom of the editing window. Your empty editing window appears. Note, however, that your Web page’s title appears at the top of the editing window. If you don’t give your document a title before you save it, Composer prompts you to enter a title before saving. 6. Begin the process of saving the file by choosing File➪Save. The Save Page As dialog box opens. Both the Save and Save As commands open the Save Page As dialog box when you’re saving a file that you haven’t previously saved.

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Part III: Making Web Pages Work Harder 7. To create a new folder for your Web page files, use the pull-down file menu at the top of the Save Page As dialog box to navigate to the spot where you want to create your new folder. Then use the Create New Folder icon — the folder with the star on it — to create the new folder. Name it according to the rules in the sidebar, “How to make Web filenames.” Then open the new folder to save your file into it. See the sidebar, “Files of a feather,” for details on why keeping all the files that make up your Web page or Web site in one place is important. 8. Add .htm to the end of the filename to make sure it is given the .htm extension and not .html. Then click the Save button. Composer saves your file as an HTML document. Because it has the suffix .htm in the filename, you can easily open the file in a Web browser program to review it.

Files of a feather Keep all the files for your Web page, or for a small multipage Web site, in a single folder. The Web publishing process is much easier.

are easier to specify, and transferring the site to a Web server is easier, when you keep all your files in a single folder.

 For a Web page: Keeping the HTML file for your Web page and all the images that are used in your Web page in a single folder is important. Why? Because the hyperlinks are much simpler if you just have to give the filename. If you put image files in a separate folder, the hyperlink (see Chapter 8) has to name the folder and its relationship to the folder. Trust us: You don’t need the hassle.

This reasoning breaks down, though, when a Web site gets larger and more complicated. When you have more than a couple of dozen files, keeping them all in one folder becomes difficult to manage. At that point, you have to break your site into a group of folders, one per Web page, plus a folder for shared graphics. And then you get to change all your hyperlinks so they work across the new folder hierarchy (see Chapter 8 for more about hyperlinks).

There’s yet another reason to keep your HTML file and your image files in the same folder. When you publish your Web page, you move your HTML file and the image files onto a different machine — the Web server that hosts your Web page. If you keep all your files together in a single folder, doing this transfer correctly is much easier.  For a multipage Web site: Hyperlinks to images and to other Web pages in your site

You should also keep extraneous files that aren’t part of your Web page out of your Web page’s folder. Why? You’ll most likely move these extra files, along with your Web page, to a Web server when you publish your site. And who needs the extra files on the Web server?

Chapter 10: Creating Your Home Page If you want search engines to easily find your Web page, put key information — like your full name, for a personal page, or your business name, for a business page — in the title, in the first heading within your document, in the first 20 or so regular-text words of your document, and in META tags (described in the next section) in your document. When a spider — a program that moves across the Web looking at the content of pages and sites — indexes your page, it looks in some or all of these places, and people searching for your name or your business name are very likely to see your page in the search results.

I Never META Tag I Didn’t Like One of the most interesting, and controversial, tags in HTML is the META tag. That’s because META tags affect how your Web page appears in search engines, and some people go to great lengths to have their pages rank high in search engine lists. The META tag is used for meta-information — information about your Web page, rather than information that displays in your Web page. The META tag is used only in the header area of your site. The header area is all about meta-information, so that makes sense. (The

Must be in header

Header



Descriptive info, such as title

Body



Bulk of the page

Appendix B: A Quick Guide to HTML Tags Table B-3

Structural Definition: Appearance Controlled by the Browser’s Preferences

Tag Name

Tag

Notes

Heading



The HTML 2.0 specification defines six levels

Block Quote

; /PRE>



Width in characters



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Part VII: Appendixes Table B-5



Links and Graphics



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



Link







Link to Target







If in another document







If in current document



Define Target







Display Image







- Alignment







- Alternate







- Imagemap







Table B-6



HTML 3.2 and beyond only



Requires a script



Dividers



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



Paragraph







See Table B-14 for more info



Line Break








A single carriage return



Horizontal Rule







HTML 3.2 only



Table B-7



Lists: Can Be Nested



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



Unordered List







 before each list item



Ordered List







 before each list item



Definition List







 = term, 
 = definition



 Appendix B: A Quick Guide to HTML Tags Table B-8



Special Characters: Must All Be Lowercase



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



Special Character



&#?;



Where ? is the ISO 8859-1 code for the character



<



<



>



>



&



&



“



"



Registered TM



®



Copyright



©



See a complete list of special characters at www.bbsinc.com/symbol.html.



Table B-9



Forms: Generally Require a Script on Your Server



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



Define Form







Input Field







- Field Name







- Field Value







- Checked?







Check boxes and radio buttons



- Field Size







In characters



- Max Length







In characters



Selection List



<SELECT> (continued)



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Part VII: Appendixes Table B-9 (continued) Tag Name



Tag



- Name of List



<SELECT NAME=”***”> ; 



- # of Options



<SELECT SIZE=?> ; 



- Multiple Choice



<SELECT MULTIPLE>



Can select more than one



Option







Items that can be selected



- Default Option







Input Box Size



; 



- Name of Box



ccc; 



Table B-10



Notes



Miscellaneous



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



Comment







Not displayed by the browser



Prologue







URL of This File







Must be in header



Relationship







In header



Meta Information



<META>



Must be in header



Other Widely Used Tags The tags in Table B-11 through Table B-17 work with nearly all the browsers currently in use. For a frequently updated list of widely used tags, see The Bare Bones Guide to HTML at the URL listed at the beginning of this chapter.



 Appendix B: A Quick Guide to HTML Tags Table B-11



Structural Definition: Appearance Controlled by the Browser’s Preferences



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



- Align Heading







HTML 3.2 Option within the HTML 2.0 – compliant Heading tag



Division







HTML 3.2



- Align Division 




HTML 3.2



Large Font Size







HTML 3.2



Small Font Size



<SMALL>



HTML 3.2



Table B-12



Presentation Formatting: Author Specifies Text Appearance



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



Subscript



<SUB>



HTML 2.0



Superscript



<SUP>



HTML 2.0



Center







Netscape 1.0. widely implemented; for both text and images



Table B-13



Links and Graphics



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



Dimensions







HTML 3.2. Image width and height in pixels



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Part VII: Appendixes Table B-14



Dividers



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



Paragraph







HTML 3.2. Paragraph tag, 
, redefined as a container tag, 
 is optional



- Align Text







- No Line Breaks







Table B-15



HTML 3.2



Internet Explorer only



Backgrounds and Colors



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



Tiled Background







HTML 3.2



Background Color







HTML 3.2. Color order, red/green/blue



Text Color







HTML 3.2. Color order, red/green/blue



Link Color







HTML 3.2. Color order, red/green/blue



Active Link







HTML 3.2. Color order, red/green/blue



Visited Link







HTML 3.2. Color order, red/green/blue



You can find more info at www.werbach.com/web/wwwhelp.html.



Table B-16



Tables



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



Define Table







HTML 3.2



- Table Border



; 



HTML 3.2. Either on or off



 Appendix B: A Quick Guide to HTML Tags



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



- Table Border



; 



HTML 3.2. Can set the border width in pixels



- Cell Spacing






HTML 3.2


- Cell Padding




HTML 3.2


- Desired Width




HTML 3.2. In pixels


- Width Percent




HTML 3.2 Percentage of page


Table Row




HTML 3.2


- Alignment




Table Cell




HTML 3.2. Must appear within table rows


- Alignment




HTML 3.2. Same as data, except bold centered (continued)


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Part VII: Appendixes Table B-16 (continued) Tag Name


Tag


- Alignment




HTML 3.2


- Alignment




HTML 4.0


Table Footer




HTML 4.0. Must come before  (continued)


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Part VII: Appendixes Table B-24 (continued) Tag Name


Tag


Notes


Table Header




HTML 4.0


Column




HTML 4.0. Groups column attributes


- Columns Spanned




HTML 4.0


- Column Width




HTML 4.0


- Width Percent

HTML 4.0


Group columns




HTML 4.0. Groups column structure


- Columns Spanned

; 


HTML 4.0


- Group Width

; 


HTML 4.0


- Width Percent

; 


HTML 4.0


Table B-25


Frames: Define and Manipulate Specific Regions of the Screen


Tag Name


Tag


Notes


Frame Document




HTML 4.0. Instead of 


- Row Heights




HTML 4.0. Pixels or percent


- Row Heights

; 


HTML 4.0. * = relative size


- Column Widths




HTML 4.0. Pixels or percent


 Appendix B: A Quick Guide to HTML Tags


Tag Name


Tag


Notes


- Column Widths

; 


HTML 4.0. * = relative size


- Borders




HTML 4.0


- Border Width




HTML 4.0


- Border Color




HTML 4.0


Define Frame




HTML 4.0. Contents of an individual frame


- Display Document




HTML 4.0


- Frame Name




HTML 4.0


- Margin Width




HTML 4.0. Left and right margins


- Margin Height




HTML 4.0. Top and bottom margins


- Scroll bar?




HTML 4.0


- Not Resizable




HTML 4.0


Borders




HTML 4.0


Border Color




HTML 4.0


(continued)


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Part VII: Appendixes Table B-25 (continued) Tag Name


Tag


Notes


Inline Frame


<IFRAME>


HTML 4.0. Takes same attributes as FRAME


Dimensions


<IFRAME WIDTH=? HEIGHT=?>


HTML 4.0


Dimensions


<IFRAME WIDTH=”%” HEIGHT=”%”>


HTML 4.0


Unframed Content

 HTML 4.0 For non-frames browsers


Note: Frame tags introduced prior to HTML 4.0 are not supported by all browsers.


Table B-26


Miscellaneous


Tag Name


Tag


Notes


- Prompt





HTML 2.0. Text to prompt input



Base Window Name







HTML 2.0. Must be in header



Other Content







HTML 4.0. If scripts not supported



Base Window Name







HTML 4.0. Must be in header



Bidirect Off



 



HTML 4.0. For certain character sets



 Index Numerics 1-2-3 Publish tool creating home page with, 66–70 launching, 65–66 overview, 63 preparing to use, 64–65 2Cool Animations Web sites, 303 56K access speed, 339



•A• absolute address defined, 339 versus relative, 142 accents, 211 access speeds affecting Web publishing, 270 broadband, 339 cable modems, 340 comparing download time among, 209 56K, 339 graphics download concerns, 207–208 accounts registering for Google, 50–54 registering for Yahoo!, 37–40 accuracy on eBay, 104 importance of, 184 addressing absolute, 142–143, 339 relative, 142–143, 291, 344 advertising, using animated, 303 ALT tags, using with graphics, 211–212 AltaVista, image search feature, 205



America Online (AOL). See AOL anchors creating graphical links with, 213–214 defined, 339 function of, 132 linking to files within same Web page with, 235–236 understanding in HTML, 141–143 using with graphics, 211 using with links, 230 AngelFire Web hosting company, researching home page design on, 254 animated GIFs adding to Web pages, 304–305 creating, 305–307 defined, 339 finding, 303–304 overview, 215, 301–303 photo-, 302 resources for, 217 Animations Factory, 303 AOL (America Online) accessing Web through, 10 adding guestbooks in, 317 allowing free server space, 283 considerations when choosing, 60–62 creating free personal Web pages with, 35 creating home page with 1-2-3 Publish tool, 66–70 editing with Easy Designer, 70 elements of Web publishing service, 63–64 versus GeoCities, 63



 372



Creating Web Pages For Dummies, 8th Edition AOL (America Online) (continued) launching 1-2-3 Publish from, 65–66 preparing to use 1-2-3 Publish tool, 64–65 researching home page design on Hometown, 254 starting with, 59–60 using SeaMonkey Composer with, 153 using site counters with, 315 AOL Hometown Web pages, researching, 64 appearance of business Web sites, 20–21 changing in Google Page Creator, 55–56 controlled by browser’s preferences, 353, 357, 362 selecting with 1-2-3 Publish tool, 67 tags for author specifying, 353, 357, 362–363 Apple Macintosh, system requirements for SeaMonkey Composer, 156 Apple QuickTime adding video files from, 309–311 defined, 344 overview, 308 Apple QuickTime VR creating photo-animated GIFs, 302 defined, 344 attributes, 339 audience avoiding limiting, 331–332 catching with focused purpose, 26–27 focusing on target, 325–326 knowing, 27–28 audio files, adding MP3, 311–312 author META tag, 178



•B• backgrounds, tags for, 358 bandwidth, multimedia problems with, 300–301



The Bare Bones Guide to HTML Web site (Werbach), 349–350 Berners-Lee, Tim (inventor of HTML), 15 beta, 49 Bigstep aiding Web site creation, 278 researching home page design on, 254 Blogger (Google) adding blog content in, 97–101 setting up blogs with, 91–97 Blogger Help Group, joining, 101 blogosphere, 88 blogs adding content to in Blogger, 97–101 choosing/entering addresses for, 95–96 creating Web sites for, 19 defined, 339 finding for reading, 89 finding software for, 90 overview, 87–88 publishing photos to, 76 setting up with Blogger, 91–97 body, adding with HTML tags, 137–138 body tags, 131 bold formatting content in Blogger as, 99 formatting with HTML, 186 bold tags, function of HTML tags for, 132 books. See also specific titles about eBay, 104 selling on eBay, 106–107 borders, placing around graphics, 221 borrowing, HTML documents, 125 breaks, tags for, 354, 357, 364–365 broadband choosing ISPs with, 60–61 defined, 339 uploading photos with, 73 broken links preventing, 236–237 problems from, 230 browsers. See Web browsers



 Index Building a Web Site For Dummies (Crowder), 316–317 bulleted lists creating, 139 defined, 138 tags for, 354, 365–366 using, 189 burnout, blogging, 90 business Web sites AOL hosting, 283 overview, 20–22 versus personal, 168 on Yahoo!, 34–35 buttons, using animated, 302



•C• cable modems, 340 carriage returns, HTML handling, 185 Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) defined, 340 overview, 320 case sensitivity with filenames, 127 of HTML tags, 129 naming Web files with, 173 CDs, selling on eBay, 107 CGI (Common Gateway Interface) scripts adding forms with, 317–319 defined, 340 using SeaMonkey Composer with, 154 character formatting, 186–187 Choose File dialog box (Flickr), locating images with, 79–80 clickable image maps creating, 217–218 defined, 340 overview, 215 clothing, selling on eBay, 107 Collier, Marsha eBay For Dummies, 104 Starting an eBay Business For Dummies, 104



colors designing poor combinations of, 251–252 download speed issues with, 208 formatting text with, 188 GIF conversion concerns with, 201 tags for, 358 Web-safe, 204 comments, adding to photos, 84–85 Common Gateway Interface (CGI) scripts adding forms with, 317–319 defined, 340 using SeaMonkey Composer with, 154 compressing, files for transfer, 291 CompuServe access to AOL’s publishing tool from, 62 creating home page with 1-2-3 Publish tool, 66–70 editing with Easy Designer, 70 versus GeoCities, 63 launching 1-2-3 Publish from, 65 preparing to use 1-2-3 Publish tool, 64–65 using SeaMonkey Composer with, 153 computer screens, challenges reading from, 182 computers. See personal computers (PCs) consistency importance of design, 250 importance of in URLs, 272–274 importance of throughout Web sites, 262 consulting services considerations in hiring, 288–289 hiring, 278 offered by Web hosting services for, 284 content adding in Google Page Creator, 57 creating Web site, 267–268 content pages, importance of simplicity in, 247 content-type META tags, 177–178



373



 374



Creating Web Pages For Dummies, 8th Edition Cool HTML 4 For Web Pages (Taylor), 211 copyright issues The Bare Bones Guide to HTML Web site (Werbach), 349–350 multimedia problems with, 301 obtaining graphics, 205, 208 using animated GIFs, 304 Creating Web Graphics For Dummies (Smith and Frazier), 199 credit cards, using for eBay, 110 Crowder, David A. (Building a Web Site For Dummies), 316–317 CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) defined, 340 overview, 320 cyberstores, setting up/selling from, 289. See also eBay



•D• Dashboard, Blogger, 100 data transfer GeoCities sites limiting, 36 Web hosting services charging fees for, 285 database interactivity, 320 Dean, Howard (presidential candidate), blogging, 88 debit cards, using for eBay, 110 definition lists creating, 140 defined, 139, 340 tags for, 354, 365–366 using, 189–190 description META tag, 178 descriptions, adding to photos, 83 design color combination problems, 251–252 errors creating slow-loading pages, 251 five-step process, 253–254 importance of consistency in, 248–250, 262



importance of simplifying, 24–25, 246–248 overall impression of page, 245 overview, 246 researching others’, 254 text size problems with, 252–253 using tables for layout purposes, 257–258 Developing eBay Business Tools For Dummies (Kaufeld and Harvey), 104, 106 DHTML (Dynamic HTML) defined, 340 overview, 321 dialup access, AOL offering, 61 Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) defined, 340 ISP access through, 61 display names, choosing for Blogger, 93 display resolution, color issues with, 204 divider styles, selecting in 1-2-3 Publish, 67–68 dividers, tags for, 185, 354, 357, 364–365 documents, plain text, 123, 134. See also HTML documents domain names defined, 340 evaluating Web hosting services for, 284 obtaining, 276 of URLs, 11, 12 download speed comparing various access speeds, 209 considerations of, 27 evaluating Web hosting services for, 284 graphics issues with, 207–209 simplicity of design for, 246–247 downloaded video files, versus streaming video, 309 downtime, evaluating Web hosting services for, 285



 Index drop caps, using animated, 302 DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) defined, 340 ISP access through, 61 DVDs, selling on eBay, 107 Dynamic HTML (DHTML) defined, 340 overview, 321



•E• Easy Designer editing with, 70 overview, 63–64 eBay books about, 104 choosing items to sell on, 106–108 completing sales on, 117–118 key knowledge points about, 104–105 overview, 103 posting items on, 112–117 registering as seller with, 108–111 selling fees, 106 eBay For Dummies (Collier), 104 eLance, finding consultants through, 278 e-mail defined, 341 preparing accounts for mailto links, 240 using addresses for Blogger, 93 using addresses with mailto links, 241 using Google accounts, 52–53 entertainment Web sites, 22–23 eXtensible Markup Language (XML), 321 eye fatigue, from reading computer screens, 182



•F• family, including on home pages, 165–167 feedback getting on Web sites, 295 importance of, 329



fees eBay selling, 106 paying eBay, 111 56K access speed, 339 file extensions for HTML documents, 127 naming Web files with, 173 File Manager, 64 File Transfer Protocol (FTP) defined, 341 transferring files for publishing with, 291–293 File Transfer Protocol (FTP) sites, connecting to, 292–293 filenames considerations for, 127 creating Web, 173 files adding MP3 audio, 311–312 adding QuickTime video, 309–311 creating blank for HTML, 134 downloaded video versus streaming video, 309 linking to on another server, 233 linking to on same server, 234–235 multimedia, 307–309 preparing for transfer for publishing, 290–291 space of text versus graphics, 201 transferring using online services, 293–294 transferring with FTP, 291–293 final value fee, on eBay, 106 firewalls business Web site access with, 21 defined, 341 flagging offensive material, 332 offensive photos, 83 flaming, avoiding, 332



375



 376



Creating Web Pages For Dummies, 8th Edition Flickr advanced use of, 85 advantages of, 74–75 capabilities of, 75–76 modifying photos on, 82–85 popularity of, 73 potential problems with, 77–78 privacy settings in, 80–81 uploading photos to, 78–82 folders preventing broken links with, 236 storing HTML files in, 176 follow-through, after eBay sales, 105 font size, formatting, 186 formatting content in Blogger, 98–99 graphics, 206–207 with HTML, 122–123 tags for, 353, 357, 362–363 text in HTML, 192–193 text in SeaMonkey Composer, 196 Web text, 185–187 forms adding, 317–319 as alternative to mailto links, 241 creating interactivity with, 314 defined, 341 SeaMonkey Composer supporting, 154 tags for, 355–356, 366–367 frames challenges of, 258–259 overview, 255 with SeaMonkey Composer, 155 tags for, 368–370 fraud, on eBay, 105 Frazier, Peter (Creating Web Graphics For Dummies), 199 free Web publishing services. See specific Web publishing services free Web server space, using, 286–287



free Web tools, understanding HTML for, 122 freeware, 341 FTP (File Transfer Protocol) defined, 341 transferring files for publishing with, 291–293 FTP (File Transfer Protocol) sites, connecting to, 292–293



•G• gating factor, of Web servers, 286 GeoCities adding guestbooks in, 317 advantages of starting with, 32 versus AOL, 63 building Web site on, 40–42 creating Web pages with Yahoo! PageWizards, 45–48 launching Yahoo! PageWizards with, 43–45 popularity of, 31–32 preparing to create Web site with, 36–37 registering for, 37–40 researching home page design on, 254 researching sites on, 33–34 using site counters with, 315 Yahoo! terms of service restrictions for, 34–36 GIF (Graphic Interchange Format) graphics format. See also animated GIFs; interlaced GIFs; transparent GIFs creating clickable image maps, 217–218 defined, 341 versus JPEG, 200–203 Google image search feature, 205 overview, 49



 Index privacy policies, 54 registering for account with, 50–54 Google Blogger adding blog content in, 97–101 setting up blog with, 91–97 Google Page Creator with beta tag, 49–50 creating Web page with, 54–57 overview, 50 Graphic Interchange Format (GIF) graphics format. See also animated GIFs; interlaced GIFs; transparent GIFs advanced techniques, 215 creating clickable image maps, 217–218 defined, 341 versus JPEG, 200–203 Graphical User Interface (GUI), 341 graphics. See also images; photos advanced GIF techniques, 215–218 avoiding abusing, 333 browser standards for, 203 creating, 206 creating links from, 213–214 download speed concerns with, 207–208 easing upload of, 200 flowing text around, 220–221 formatting properly, 206–207 issues with adjusting size of, 218–219 most common mistakes using, 209–210 obtaining online, 205 overview, 199–200 placing borders around, 221 placing in HTML, 224–226 placing in SeaMonkey Composer, 222–224 space of versus text, 201 tags for, 354, 357, 363–364 time-consuming nature of, 215 using GIF versus JPEG formats, 200–203



using in HTML, 210–212 value of using, 328 Graphics File Formats FAQs, 206 gratuitous sex and violence, on Web sites, 23 guestbooks adding, 317 computer programming for, 315 overview, 314 GUI (Graphical User Interface), 341



•H• Harvey, Tim (Developing eBay Business Tools For Dummies), 104, 106 heading tags formatting with, 186 function of, 131–132 headings adding with HTML tags, 137–138 formatting, 186 hexadecimals, 341 hit counters monitoring Web site usage with, 22, 278 overview, 314 using, 315–316 hit, defined, 342 home pages content for work-related, 167–168 creating initial page with HTML, 169–172 creating initial page with Web page editors, 173–177 defined, 13, 342 ideas for content, 163–164 identity theft concerns, 167 including personal information and interests on, 164–167 researching design of, 254 Homestead, researching home page design on, 254



377



 378



Creating Web Pages For Dummies, 8th Edition Hometown (AOL), researching home page design on, 254 HTML documents adding headings/body to, 137–138 adding lists to, 138–140 adding meta-information to, 135–137 creating, 126–127 inserting links in, 144–145 previewing, 128 reasons for using lists in, 188 using lists in, 189–190 viewing, 125, 194–195 viewing in browsers, 146–148 HTML For Dummies (Tittel), 123 HTML 4 For Dummies (Tittel), 211 HTML 4.01, 342 HTML (HyperText Markup Language). See also HTML documents; HTML tags adding links in, 237–238 adding META tags with, 178–179 adding MP3 audio files with, 312 advances in, 148 anchors, 141–143 basic rules for using, 129–130 challenges of entering text in, 191–192 contributing to online writing style, 181–182 converting Web site content to, 267 creating blank file for, 134 creating graphical links with, 213–214 creating initial page with, 169–172 creating mailto links in, 242 creating simple tables in, 256–257 creating Web page with, 133–134 defined, 342 defining Web, 10–11 embedding QuickTime content with, 310–311 entering and formatting text in, 192–193 handling carriage returns and line breaks, 185



making lists in, 193–194 placing graphics in, 224–226 SeaMonkey Composer using, 153 understanding, 122–123 understanding function of, 124 using graphics in, 210–212 using on Blogger Posting page, 98–99 using quotes with, 144 value of knowing basics, 121–122 version 4.01, 342 versions of, 350–351 viewing, 15 HTML tags. See also META tags adding to photos, 76, 80, 83 allowing appearance to be controlled by browser’s preferences, 353, 357, 362 for author specifying appearance, 353, 357, 362–363 for backgrounds and colors, 358 basic rules for using, 129–130 defined, 13, 345 for dividers/breaks, 354, 357, 364–365 formatting with, 122–123 for forms, 355–356, 366–367 for frames, 368–370 for headings, 186 for line breaks, 185 for links and graphics, 354, 357, 363–364 for lists, 189, 365–366 matched by SeaMonkey Composer, 152 miscellaneous, 356, 360–361, 370 necessary in all HTML documents, 352 with 1-2-3 Publish, 68 for paragraphs, 185 for sounds, 363–364 for special characters, 355 for tables, 358–360, 367–368 ten important, 130–133 types of, 133 using spell checkers with, 161



 Index HTML tools, creating HTML documents in, 127 HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) defined, 342 defining Web, 10 humanicons, using, 302 hype, lack of on Web, 183 hyperlinks. See links hypertext, connection with links, 229 HyperText Markup Language. See HTML



•I• icons defined, 211 using animated, 302 identity theft, home page concerns about, 167 image map. See clickable image maps image tags adding animated GIFs with, 304–305 function of, 133 placing graphics with, 225–226 using graphics with, 210–214 using with links, 231 images. See also graphics; photos adding with 1-2-3 Publish tool, 67 preparing for GeoCities Web site, 37 improvements, planning for, 29 informal tone, of online writing, 184 insertion fee, on eBay, 106 Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), 342 interactivity database, 320 easy options, 314–315 overview, 313 interests including family on home pages, 166 including personal on home pages, 164–165 including professional on home pages, 168



interlaced GIFs overview, 215 usefulness of, 203 Internet defined, 342 function of, 10–11 Internet addresses. See URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) Internet Protocol (IP), 342 Internet Service Providers (ISPs). See also specific ISPs accessing Web through, 10 choosing, 60–62 defined, 343 offering Web server space, 287 providing free personal Web pages, 35 intranet, 343 ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), 342 italics formatting content in Blogger, 99 formatting content with HTML tags, 186 function of HTML tags for, 132



•J• Java, 343 JavaScript defined, 343 overview, 320 JavaScript For Dummies (Vander Veer), 320 jewelry, selling on eBay, 107 JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) graphic format defined, 343 versus GIF, 200–203



379



 380



Creating Web Pages For Dummies, 8th Edition



•K• Kaufeld, John (Developing eBay Business Tools For Dummies), 104, 106 Kent, Peter (Search Engine Optimization For Dummies), 178 keyword META tag, 178



•L• languages. See also markup languages; page description languages choosing ISPs offering different, 62 including multiple, 335 offering non-English Web pages, 268 layout changing in Google Page Creator, 55 determining page, 265 line breaks HTML handling, 185 tags for, 354, 357, 364–365 linking tags, 133 links adding in Blogger, 99 adding in HTML, 237–238 adding in 1-2-3 Publish, 68 adding in SeaMonkey Composer, 238–240 anchors, 141–143 broken, 230, 236–237 choosing to include in Web site, 266 color recommendations, 188, 251–252 creating graphical, 213–214 creating mailto in HTML, 242 creating mailto in SeaMonkey Composer, 242–243 defined, 343 to files on another server, 233 to files on same server, 234–235 including family favorites on home pages, 167



including personal favorites on home pages, 165 inserting in HTML documents, 144–145 mailto, 240–241 overview, 229–230 on personal Web sites, 18 preventing problems with, 236–237 storing HTML files with, 176 tags for, 354, 357, 363–364 understanding functioning of, 230–231 understanding how URLs work with, 231–232 using correctly, 182 value of using, 327 within the same Web page, 145–146 within Web pages, 235–236 Linux, system requirements for SeaMonkey Composer, 156 lists adding to HTML documents, 138–140 making in HTML, 193–194 making in SeaMonkey Composer, 197 reasons for using, 188 tags for, 354, 365–366 types of, 189–190 Lopuck, Lisa (Web Design For Dummies), 246



•M• Macintosh users, Web publishing services for, 62 Macromedia Dreamweaver, free trial version versus SeaMonkey Composer, 191 Macromedia ShockWave/Flash, 308 mailto links creating in HTML, 242 creating in SeaMonkey Composer, 242–243 overview, 240–241



 Index Mapedit software, creating clickable image maps with, 217 markup languages, 124. See also eXtensible Markup Language (XML); HTML (HyperText Markup Language); SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) menus, offering text versions of, 333–334 message boards creating interactivity with, 314 about photos, 76 META tags adding with HTML, 178–179 adding with Web page editors, 179–180 understanding, 177–178 meta-information adding to HTML documents, 135–137 HTML tags containing, 133 Microsoft Fastcounter, 316 Microsoft FrontPage, free trial version versus SeaMonkey Composer, 191 Microsoft Windows Media Player, 308 Microsoft Windows, system requirements for SeaMonkey Composer, 156 mirroring, 343 mistakes in color combinations, 251–252 most common using graphics, 209–210 slow-loading pages, 251 mobile phones, posting photos from with Blogger, 100 Mozilla SeaMonkey Composer adding links in, 238–240 adding META tags with, 179–180 advantages and disadvantages of using, 151–154 becoming oriented to, 159–160 capabilities of, 154–155 creating initial home page with, 173–177



creating mailto links in, 242–243 entering and formatting text in, 195–196 features of, 152 versus free trial versions, 191 making lists in, 197 obtaining, 156–159 placing graphics in, 222–224 previewing work in, 198 system requirements for, 156 Mozilla SeaMonkey Internet application suite, SeaMonkey Composer as part of, 153 MP3 audio files, adding, 311–312 MSN, accessing Web through, 10 multimedia adding MP3 audio files, 311–312 adding QuickTime video files, 309–311 avoiding abusing, 333 defined, 343 overview, 307–309 potential problems with, 299–301 TVs versus PCs, 300 value of using, 328 multimedia players current important, 308 having correct, 307 My First Home Page Template (AOL), creating home page with, 66–70



•N• navigation arranging Web pages for efficient, 271–272 importance of consistent URLs to, 272–274 importance of easy, 335 overview, 271 testing, 274 navigation bar, creating, 274–275 netiquette, maintaining, 332



381



 382



Creating Web Pages For Dummies, 8th Edition Netsurfer blog, 88 newsgroups, 343 notes, adding to photos, 76, 83 numbered lists creating, 139 defined, 344 tags for, 354, 365–366 using, 189



•O• 1-2-3 Publish tool creating home page with, 66–70 launching, 65–66 overview, 63 preparing to use, 64–65 online services. See also Internet Service Providers (ISPs) defined, 344 transferring files using, 293–294 online stores, setting up/selling from, 289. See also eBay online writing style characteristics of, 183–184 foundation of, 181–183 making fun, 184–185 ordered lists creating, 139 defined, 344 tags for, 354, 365–366 using, 189



•P• page description languages defined, 344 understanding, 270 paragraphs, tagging in HTML, 129–130, 185 passwords for Blogger, 93 registering for Google accounts with, 53 for Yahoo! user ID, 38



pathname defined, 344 of URLs, 11–12 using with anchors, 142 payment, choosing eBay method, 115–116 permissions for The Bare Bones Guide to HTML Web site (Werbach), 349–350 borrowing HTML documents with, 125 for business Web sites, 21 importance of, 327, 332–333 for running CGI script, 318 personal computers (PCs) simplicity of design and differences in setups, 247 versus television for multimedia, 300 personal information, including on home pages, 164–165 personal Web sites creating on GeoCities, 40–42, 45–48 creating with Google Page Creator, 54–57 overview, 16–18 Personalized Search, enabling on Google, 53 photos. See also graphics; images Flickr’s capabilities for, 75–76 including family on home pages, 166 including self on home pages, 165 modifying on Flickr, 82–85 need to make smaller versions of, 76 overcoming challenges of, 73–74 posting in Blogger, 100 saving as GIFs, 203 saving as JPEGs, 202 uploading to Flickr, 78–82 using Flickr for, 74–75 picture Web sites, 18. See also Flickr plain text documents creating for HTML, 134 defined, 123



 Index planning versus spontaneously building Web sites, 263–264 using 1-2-3 Publish, 64–65 value of, 326–327 Web sites, 265–266 playback speed, of animated GIFs, 305 plug-ins adding video files with Apple QuickTime, 310 defined, 344 politics, blogging influence on, 88 pools, adding photos to, 76 posting, eBay items, 112–117 Posting page (Blogger), adding content on, 98–99 predictability, importance of design, 248–250 previewing HTML documents, 128, 194–195 HTML documents in browsers, 146–148 in 1-2-3 Publish, 68–70 work in Web page editors, 198 pricing structure, evaluating Web hosting services for, 283, 285 prints, ordering photo, 83 privacy changing Flickr settings, 83 concerns with sharing computers, 78 Flickr settings, 80–81 Google policies, 54 lack of in blogs, 90 with personal Web sites, 18 problems with Flickr, 77 Yahoo! policies, 41 product shots, using animated, 302 programming, resources for learning, 319–320 proprietary graphics format, understanding, 200



protocol. See also specific protocols defined, 344 of URLs, 11–12 publicizing importance of, 328 Web sites, 275–278 publishing. See Web publishing purpose catching audience with, 26–27 considering Web site, 23–24 determining Web site, 265



•Q• quotes, using with HTML, 144



•R• Real Networks RealPlayer, 308 registering for eBay seller account, 108–111 for Google account, 50–54 for Yahoo! user ID, 37–40 relative address versus absolute, 142 defined, 344 using with files for transfer, 291 reporting features, offered by Web hosting services, 285 reputation, on eBay, 104–105 research, value of, 335 resources about eBay, 104 for animated GIFs, 217 for blog lists, 90 for blogging software, 90 for graphics File formats FAQs, 206 for graphics sources, 205 for learning programming, 319 for netiquette, 332 for popular online store providers, 289 selling on eBay, 106–107 for Web-safe colors, 204



383



 384



Creating Web Pages For Dummies, 8th Edition resumes, including on home pages, 168 return visitors, encouraging, 278–279 rotating, photos, 83



•S• school including family information on home pages, 167 including personal information on home pages, 165 SeaMonkey Composer adding links in, 238–240 adding META tags with, 179–180 advantages and disadvantages of using, 151–154 becoming oriented to, 159–160 capabilities of, 154–155 creating initial home page with, 173–177 creating mailto links in, 242–243 entering and formatting text in, 195–196 features of, 152 versus free trial versions, 191 making lists in, 197 obtaining, 156–159 placing graphics in, 222–224 previewing work in, 198 system requirements for, 156 Search Engine Optimization For Dummies (Kent), 178 Search Engine Watch Web site, META tag information on, 178 search engines finding graphics with, 205 including key information for, 177 searches for blogs of interest, 89 enabling Personalized Search on Google, 53 META tags role in, 177–178 for photos with Flickr, 75



seller, registering on eBay as, 108–111 selling choosing eBay items for, 106–108 completing on eBay, 117–118 from online stores, 289 posting eBay items, 112–117 servers. See Web servers sex, gratuitous on Web sites, 23 SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) defined, 345 HTML development from, 126 shareware, 345 sharing, photos with Flickr, 75 shipping, understanding eBay, 105 shrink-wrapped software, 345 simplicity, importance of design, 246–248 site counters monitoring Web site usage with, 22, 278 overview, 314 using, 315–316 site management, 345 size adjusting graphics in SeaMonkey Composer, 223 animated GIF file concerns, 305 formatting font, 186 problems with text, 252–253 working with graphics, 218–219 Smith, Bud (Creating Web Graphics For Dummies), 199 software, finding blogging, 90 sorting, photos with Flickr, 75 sounds, tags for, 363–364 space for GeoCities sites, 35 of text versus graphics files, 201 spamming, avoiding, 332 special characters, tags for, 355 specifications, defining Web, 10



 Index speed. See access speeds; download speed spell checkers, using with HTML tags, 161 spiders, including key information for, 177 squeezing, images, 218–219 standard, defined, 345 Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) defined, 345 HTML development from, 126 Starting an eBay Business For Dummies (Collier), 104 StatCounter, 316 storing HTML files in folders, 176 photos with Flickr, 75 streaming video, versus downloaded video files, 309 stretching, images, 218–219 structure, determining Web site, 265 success measuring, 29–30 too much, 290 switchability, evaluating Web hosting services for, 285 syntax, defined, 345 system operator (sysop) approving CGI script, 318 defined, 345 system requirements, for SeaMonkey Composer, 156



•T• tables controlling text and image placement with, 220 creating simple, 255–257 overview, 255 tags for, 358–360, 367–368 using for layout purposes, 257–258



tags. See HTML tags; META tags target audience, focusing on, 325–326. See also audience Taylor, Dave (Cool HTML 4 For Web Pages), 211 TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), 346 technical support, evaluating Web hosting services for, 283 television, versus personal computer for multimedia, 300 templates choosing from Blogger, 97 My First Home Page Template (AOL), 66–70 viewing HTML code for Blogger, 100 Terms of Service Blogger, 93–94 Flickr’s, 77 Yahoo!, 34–36 testing importance of, 328 navigation, 274 Web sites, 294–295 text adding in 1-2-3 Publish, 68 adjusting flow around graphics in SeaMonkey Composer, 223 challenges of entering in HTML, 191–192 color recommendations, 188 creating graphics alternative with, 209–210 designing size errors with, 252–253 entering and formatting in HTML, 192–193 entering and formatting in SeaMonkey Composer, 195–196 flowing around graphics, 220–221 formatting Web, 185–187 HTML tags formatting/describing role of, 133 links, 231



385



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Creating Web Pages For Dummies, 8th Edition text (continued) preparing for Web pages, 182–183, 267 space of versus graphics, 201 text bites, value of, 28 text editors adding META tags with, 178–179 advantages and disadvantages of using, 150–151 creating HTML documents in, 126–127 creating initial home page with, 169–172 defined, 346 using versus word processing programs, 161–162 thumbnails, 211, 346 title tags, 131 titles adding to photos, 83 adding with 1-2-3 Publish tool, 67 entering in Blogger, 94 formatting in Google Page Creator, 56–57 Tittel, Ed HTML For Dummies, 123 HTML 4 For Dummies, 211 tools. See also specific tools understanding HTML for, 122 Web publishing, versus Web publishing services, 34 topical Web sites, 19–20 traffic, measuring, 22, 278, 314–316 transferring files with FTP, 291–293 files with online services, 293–294 preparing files for, 290–291 Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), 346 transparent GIFs creating, 216–217 defined, 346 overview, 215 usefulness of, 203



Tripod Web hosting company, researching home page design on, 254 TRUSTe-certified, Yahoo! as, 41 2Cool Animations Web sites, 303



•U• Ulead GIF Animator, creating animated GIFs with, 305–307 UNIX, using SeaMonkey Composer with, 156 unordered lists creating, 139 defined, 138, 346 tags for, 354, 365–366 using, 189 updating importance of, 329 need for in blogs, 90 URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) defined, 346 on GeoCities, 34 importance of consistent to efficient navigation, 272–274 preparing to link to from GeoCities, 36 understanding, 11–12, 231–232 usage, monitoring business Web site, 22 user ID, registering for Yahoo!, 37–40 user names, choosing for Blogger, 93 users affecting Web publishing, 270 counting, 278



•V• Vander Veer, Emily A. (JavaScript For Dummies), 320 viability, evaluating Web posting services for, 285 video files, adding QuickTime, 309–311 video hosting services, 309



 Index violence, gratuitous on Web sites, 23 visitors counting, 22, 278 encouraging return, 278–279



•W• warning labels, for offensive material, 83, 332 Web affecting online writing style, 181–182 defined, 347 future of, 321–322 problems publishing on, 269–271 understanding, 10–11, 122 Web addresses. See URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) Web authoring, 346 Web browsers. See also specific browsers affecting Web publishing, 269–270 communicating image size to, 218 defined, 340 function of, 11 graphics standards, 203 handling HTML tags, 130 supporting character formatting, 186–187 supporting image maps, 217–218 tags controlling appearance, 353, 357, 362 versions of HTML for, 350–351 viewing HTML documents on, 128, 146–148 working with Google, 51 Web client, 346 Web Design For Dummies (Lopuck), 246 Web graphic designers, working with, 255 Web hosting services choosing, 283–285 using, 287



Web log. See blogs Web page editors. See also Mozilla SeaMonkey Composer adding META tags with, 179–180 advantages and disadvantages of using, 150 creating initial home page with, 173–177 free trial versions versus SeaMonkey Composer, 191 previewing work in, 198 Web pages building Web sites from, 261–262 defined, 13, 346 linking from within same, 145–146 links within, 235–236 offering non-English, 268 steps for putting up, 12–14 Web publishing choosing Web hosting services for, 283–285 defined, 347 need for server space, 282–283 overview, 281–282 preparing files for transfer for, 290–291 problems with, 269–271 server space options for, 285–288 transferring files for with FTP, 291–293 transferring files for with online services, 293–294 of Web sites, 268–269 Web publishing services. See also specific Web publishing services for Macintosh users, 62 versus Web publishing tools, 34 Web publishing tools, versus Web publishing services, 34 Web servers adding guestbooks on, 317 affecting Web publishing, 270 available options, 285–287



387



 388



Creating Web Pages For Dummies, 8th Edition Web servers (continued) avoiding setting up, 334 creating, 288 defined, 347 getting space on, 282–283 linking to files on other, 233 linking to files on same, 234–235 rating by number of connections handled, 286 using site counters with own, 316 Web sites for animated GIFs, 303–304 arranging Web pages for efficient navigation, 271–272 borrowing ideas from, 28–29 business, 20–22 considerations of large, 25 creating content for, 267–268 creating for blogs, 19 creating navigation bar for, 272–274 defined, 13, 347 entertainment, 22–23 for free counters, 316 getting feedback on, 295 gratuitous sex and violence on, 23 importance of consistent URLs in, 272–274 importance of design consistency in, 262 personal, 16–18 picture, 18 planning, 263–266 publicizing, 275–278 publishing, 268–269 testing, 294–295 topical, 19–20 types of, 15–16 understanding navigation of, 271 using as models, 326 World Wide Web consortium, 9



Web tools, understanding HTML for free, 122 Web writing style. See online writing style Web-safe colors choosing color combinations considering, 252 using, 204 Werbach, Kevin (The Bones Guide to HTML Web site), 349–350 Windows Notepad, creating initial home page with, 169–172 Winer, Dave (blogger), 88 word processing programs correcting interference from, 134 creating HTML documents in, 126 defined, 347 hiding tags, 127 using versus text editor, 161–162 work creating home page for, 167–168 including personal information on home pages, 165, 167 World Wide Web consortium Web site, 9 wrapping, text, 220 writing style characteristics of, 183–184 foundation of, 181–183 making fun, 184–185 WYSIWYG Web page editors. See also Mozilla SeaMonkey Composer adding META tags with, 179–180 advantages and disadvantages of using, 150 creating initial home page with, 173–177 free trial versions versus SeaMonkey Composer, 191 previewing work in, 198



 Index



•X• XML (eXtensible Markup Language), 321



•Y• Yahoo!. See also GeoCities acquisition of Flickr, 77 privacy policies, 41 registering for user ID, 37–40



signing up for GeoCities through, 33 terms of service restrictions, 34–36 Yahoo! PageWizards creating Web pages with, 45–48 launching, 43–45



•Z• zipping, files for transfer, 291



389



 390



Creating Web Pages For Dummies, 8th Edition



 BUSINESS, CAREERS & PERSONAL FINANCE Also available:



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0-7645-5331-3 *†




Accounting For Dummies † 0-7645-5314-3 
Business Plans Kit For Dummies † 0-7645-5365-8 
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iLife ‘04 All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies 0-7645-7347-0 
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INTERNET & DIGITAL MEDIA




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Diabetes Cookbook For Dummies 0-7645-5230-9 
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* Separate Canadian edition also available † Separate U.K. edition also available




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Pro Tools All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies 0-7645-5714-9 
Roxio Easy Media Creator For Dummies 0-7645-7131-1



Available wherever books are sold. For more information or to order direct: U.S. customers visit www.dummies.com or call 1-877-762-2974. U.K. customers visit www.wileyeurope.com or call 0800 243407. Canadian customers visit www.wiley.ca or call 1-800-567-4797.



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Weight Training For Dummies 0-7645-5168-X 
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Macromedia Flash MX 2004 For Dummies 0-7645-4358-X 
Photoshop 7 All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies 0-7645-1667-1 
Photoshop CS Timesaving Techniques For Dummies 0-7645-6782-9 
PHP 5 For Dummies 0-7645-4166-8 
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Access 2003 All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies 0-7645-3988-4 
Beginning Programming For Dummies 0-7645-4997-9 
C For Dummies 0-7645-7068-4 
Firewalls For Dummies 0-7645-4048-3 
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Networking For Dummies 0-7645-1677-9 
TCP/IP For Dummies 0-7645-1760-0 
VBA For Dummies 0-7645-3989-2 
Wireless All In-One Desk Reference For Dummies 0-7645-7496-5 
Wireless Home Networking For Dummies 0-7645-3910-8



 					    
		
            
	        	    

    		

    		    

    		    

    		
		    			

    

	
	
	    
		
		
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HTML 3.2



- No Line Breaks







HTML 3.2



- Columns to Span







HTML 3.2



- Rows to Span







HTML 3.2



- Desired Width







HTML 3.2. In pixels



- Width Percent







HTML 3.2 Percentage of table



- Desired Height







HTML 3.2. In pixels



- Height Percent







HTML 3.2 Percentage of page



Table Header















- No Line Breaks







HTML 3.2



- Columns to Span







HTML 3.2



- Rows to Span







HTML 3.2



- Desired Width







HTML 3.2. In pixels



- Width Percent







HTML 3.2. Percentage of table



- Desired Height







HTML 3.2. In pixels



- Height Percent







HTML 3.2. Percentage of page



Table Caption











HTML 3.2. Above/below table



Table B-17



Notes



Miscellaneous



Tag Name



Tag



Script



<SCRIPT>



- Location



<SCRIPT SRC=”URL”> 



- Type



<SCRIPT TYPE=”***”> 



- Language



<SCRIPT LANGUAGE= ”***”>



Java Applet



<APPLET>



Notes



HTML 3.2



 Appendix B: A Quick Guide to HTML Tags



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



- Applet Name



<APPLET NAME=”***”>



HTML 3.2



- Alternate Text



<APPLET ALT=”***”>



HTML 3.2



- Applet Code Location



<APPLET CODE=”URL”>



HTML 3.2



- Code Base Directory



<APPLET CODEBASE=” URL”>



HTML 3.2



- Applet Window



<APPLET HEIGHT=?>



HTML 3.2. In pixels Height



- Width



<APPLET WIDTH=?>



HTML 3.2. In pixels



- Horizontal Offset



<APPLET HSPACE=?>



HTML 3.2. In pixels



- Vertical Offset



<APPLET VSPACE=?>



HTML 3.2. In pixels



- Alignment



<APPLET; ALIGN=[left|; right|top|; middle|bottom]>



HTML 3.2



Applet Parameter







HTML 3.2



- Parameter Name, 



HTML 3.2



3.2 Prologue



HTML 3.2







Less Frequently Used Tags Some Netscape Navigator-only tags were slow to be adopted by non-Netscape browsers. However, most of the tags in Table B-18 through Table B-26 can be used with up-to-date browsers. HTML 4.0-specific tags are only supported by relatively recent browsers.



361



 362



Part VII: Appendixes Table B-18 Tag Name



Structural Definition: Appearance Controlled by the Browser’s Preferences Tag



Notes



Defined Content



<SPAN>



HTML 4.0



Quote







HTML 4.0. For short quotations



- Citation







HTML 4.0



Insert







HTML 4.0. Marks additions in a new version



- Time of Change



 



HTML 4.0



- Comments



 



HTML 4.0



Delete







HTML 4.0. Marks deletions in a new version



- Time of Change



 



HTML 4.0



- Comments



 



HTML 4.0



Acronym







HTML 4.0



Abbreviation







HTML 4.0



Table B-19



Presentation Formatting: Author Specifies Text Appearance



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



Blinking







Navigator 1.0. Most derided tag ever



Font Size



; 



HTML 3.2. Ranges from 1–7



Change Font Size



; 



HTML 3.2



Base Font Size







HTML 3.2. From 1-7; default is 3



 Appendix B: A Quick Guide to HTML Tags



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



Font Color



 



HTML 3.2



Underline







HTML 2.0



Strikeout



<S>



HTML 2.0



Select Font



 



HTML 4.0



Table B-20



Links, Graphics, and Sounds



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



- Target Window







HTML 4.0



Action on Click







HTML 4.0



Mouseover Action



 



HTML 4.0



Mouseover Action



 



HTML 4.0



- Alignment







Navigator 1.0. Option within the HTML 2.0compliant Display Image tag



- Image Map







HTML 3.2. Option within the HTML 2.0 – compliant Display Image tag



- Map



<MAP NAME=”***”>; 



HTML 3.2. Describes the map. Option within the HTML 2.0 – compliant Display Image tag (continued)



363



 364



Part VII: Appendixes Table B-20 (continued) Tag Name



Tag



- Section



 Display Image tag



- Border







HTML 3.2



Runaround Space







HTML 3.2. In pixels



Low-Res Proxy







N1.1 Client Pull



<META HTTP-EQUIV=; ”Refresh” CONTENT= ; “?; URL=URL”>



HTML 2.0



Embed Object



<EMBED SRC=”URL”>



Navigator 2.0. Insert object into page



- Object Size



<EMBED SRC=”URL”; WIDTH =”?” HEIGHT=; “?”>



Navigator 2.0, Internet Explorer



Object







Navigator 4.0



Parameters







Navigator 4.0



Table B-21



Notes



Dividers



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



- Clear Text Wrap








HTML 3.2. Option within the HTML 2.0 – compliant Line Break tag



- Alignment







HTML 3.2. Option within the HTML 2.0 – compliant Horizontal Rule tag



- Thickness







HTML 3.2. In pixels. Option within the HTML 2.0 – compliant Horizontal Rule tag



 Appendix B: A Quick Guide to HTML Tags



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



- Width







HTML 3.2. In pixels. Option within the HTML 2.0 – compliant Horizontal Rule tag



- Width Percent







HTML 3.2. As a percentage of page width. Option within the HTML 2.0 – compliant Horizontal Rule tag



- Solid Line







HTML 3.2. Without the 3-D cutout look. Option within the HTML 2.0 – compliant Horizontal Rule tag



No Break







Navigator 1.0. Prevents line breaks



Word Break



<WBR>



Navigator 1.0. Where to break a line if needed



Table B-22



Lists: Can Be Nested



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



- Bullet Type







HTML 3.2. For the whole list. Option within the HTML 2.0 – compliant Unordered List tag







HTML 3.2. This and subsequent list items. Option within the HTML 2.0 – compliant Unordered List tag







HTML 3.2. This and subsequent list items. Option within the HTML 2.0 – compliant Ordered List tag







HTML 3.2. This and subsequent list items. Option within the HTML 2.0 – compliant Ordered List tag



- Numbering Type



(continued)



365



 366



Part VII: Appendixes Table B-22 (continued) Tag Name



Tag



Notes



- Starting Number







HTML 3.2



- Count







HTML 3.2 For the whole list. Option within the HTML 2.0 – compliant Ordered List tag



Table B-23



Forms: Generally Require a CGI Script on Your Server



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



- File Upload







HTML 4.0



- Wrap Text



; 



HTML 2.0



Button







HTML 4.0



- Button Name



; 



HTML 4.0



- Button Type



; 



HTML 4.0



- Default Value



; 



HTML 4.0



Label







HTML 4.0



- Item Labeled



; 



HTML 4.0



Option Group



; HTML 4.0 



Group Elements







HTML 4.0



 Appendix B: A Quick Guide to HTML Tags



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



Legend







HTML 4.0. Caption for fieldsets



- Alignment







HTML 4.0



Table B-24



Tables



Tag Name



Tag



Notes



- Table Alignment






HTML 4.0


- Table Color

; 



HTML 4.0



- Table Frame







HTML 4.0



- Table Rules







- Desired Width







HTML 4.0. In pixels



- Cell Color







HTML 4.0



- Desired Width







HTML 4.0. In pixels



- Cell Color







HTML 4.0



Table Body