Disability at a Glance: A Profile of 28 Countries and Areas in Asia and the Pacific

Disability a t a Glance:

a Profile of 28 Countries and Areas in Asia and the Pacific

United Nations ESCAP

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

CONTENTS Introduction Organization of the profile Sources of the data and information, and methodology Explanatory notes Key findings Summary table Country and area profiles East and North-East Asia China Hong Kong, China Japan Mongolia Republic of Korea

3 4 8 9 10 13

14 16 18 20 22

South-East Asia Cambodia Indonesia Lao People's Democratic Republic Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand Timor-Leste Viet Nam

24 26 28 -. 30 32 34 36 38 40

South and South-West Asia Afghanistan Bangladesh

42 44 ..

India Maldives Nepal Pakistan Turkey

48 50 52 54 56

North and Central Asia Kazakhstan Pacific Australia Cook Islands F:::

Kiribati Solomon Islands

References Questionnaire

58 60 62 2 ',

66 68 70 71

Introduction The Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons (2003-2012) started with a premise of promoting a paradigm shift from a welfare-based to a rights-based approach towards disability. Its regional policy guideline, the 'Biwako Millennium ~ r a m e i o r ktowardsand Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)" reflects this shift and provides a set of overarching principles and directions with seven priority and four strategic areas.' These principles include the importance of establishing rights-based policies/legislation, mainstreaming disability perspectives in sectoral laws and policies as well as having disability-specific laws and policies in place, strengthening of the national coordination mechanism, and the strengthening of national capacity in data collection and analysis on disability statistics. One of the four strategic areas of the BMF, entitled "Disability statistics/common definition of disabilities for planning" points out a number of critical issues and proposes the national system development on disability-related data collection and analysis, and the establishment of definition of disability, which would enable internationally comparable analysis. The concern about the absence of appropriate data on disability has been also raised repeatedly in a series of regional forum on the topic held thereafter.2 To address the issues and t o examine the extent of the national level commitment to the BMF principles and directions, in 2004, ESCAP embarked on the survey on its implementation. The questionnaire was distributed to disability focal points in Governments and NGOs active in the field of the region. Thus far, 28 Governments and 18 NGOs responded to the survey, and the quantitative analysis of the responses was included in a paper, ' Review of National Progress in the Implementation of Targets and Strategies of the Biwako Millennium Framework towards and Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF) 2004" presented at the Regional Workshop on Monitoring the Implementation of the Biwako Millennium Framework towards and Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF), held from 13 to 15 in October 2004.' The current publication, "Disability at a Glance: a Profile of 28 Countries and Areas in Asia and the Pacific" builds itself on the wealth of information obtained from the responses. It aims to provide disability-related statistical data and policy-related information so that readers are able to see in Seven priority areas are l) self-help organizations of persons with disabilitiesand related family and parent associations 2) Women with disabilities; 3) early detection, eady intervention and education; 4) training and employment, including self-employment; 5) access to built environment and public transport; 6) access to information and communications. including information, communication and assistive technologies; and 7) poverty alleviation through social security and livelihood programmes. Four strategic areas are 1) national plan of action on disability: 2) promotion of rights-based approach to disability issues: 3) disability statistics/common definition of disabilities for planning and 4) strengthened community development approach to prevention, rehabilitationand empowerment of persons with disabilities. These meetings were organized by ESCAP Statistics Division for further details, please visit http://www.unescap.or~stat~rneeUpast meet.asp The paper analysed responses of the 23 Governments,which were madeavailable before September2004. it is available at httpII/~~~.woddenabie.neUbmf2004Idocworking2.htm

details how a particular country or area defines disability and collects related statistics, and implements the BMF, in particular, with regard to the establishment of relevant institutional framework and policies. It is our hope that this publication will serve as a basis for continuing dialogue amongst the stakeholders on reviewing current status of Governments commitments in the region on disability and serve as an impetus for further actions. Regionally, ESCAP is expected to convene a high-level intergovernmental meeting in 2007 to conduct the mid-point review of a Decade and to formulate a set of strategies entitled "Biwako Plus Five" for the second half of the Decade, 2008 to 2012. Globally, we are at a critical juncture of a history in internationaldisabilitv ~olicvframework: member states are neaotiatina the 'International ~onventlonon the Rights of ~ & n s with Disabilities: and it is anticipateh that the drafting process will be concluded and that Governments will start the signing, accession and ratification process relatively soon. The current draft delineates the importance ofappropriate disability data collection, which ensures privacy protection of persons with disabilities, which supports the implementation of the States obligations in the Convention, and which enables to provide information on disabling barriers challenged by persons with disabilities. The current publication is an initial step of continuing processes by ESCAP to compile and analyze disability-related data and information in the region. We would like to continue to welcome inputs and updating of the data and information from the countries in the region as well as other information considered useful for promoting a 'barrier-free, inclusive and rights-based society".

Organization of the profile The "Disability at a Glance: a Profile of 28 Countries and Areas in Asia and the Pacific" is a compilation of disability-related data and information from the following 28 countries and areas: five from the East and North-East Asia (China; Hong Kong, China; Japan; Mongolia; Republic of Korea); nine from South-East Asia (Cambodia; Indonesia; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Malaysia; the Philippines; Singapore; Thailand; Timor-Leste; Viet Nam); eight from South and South-West Asia (Afghanistan; Bangladesh; Bhutan; India; Maldives; Nepal; Pakistan; Turkey); one from the North and Central Asia (Kazakhstan); and five from the Pacific (Australia; Cook Islands; Fiji; Kiribati; Solomon Islands). They all contributed to the self-administered "Questionnaire on the implementation of the Biwako Millennium Framework towards and Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)" distributed in 2004. There are many types of data and information from which one can see a profile of a country or area through disability lens. The current Profile comprises 23 indicators in the seven categories. The data and information of the 23 indicators were compiled in a common table format for a specific country or area. This is a tiUe of the working draft of the convention, available at http:/lwww.un.org/esalsocdevlenable/righ~/ahc7ann2~p.htm

4

1) Human Development Report Index GDP per capita (converted to purchasing power parity US$) and the Human Development Index (HDI)' ranking are included under the category. These are not disability-specific data per se, but included to provide a development perspective for analysis of the disability-related data. 2 ) DemograPhv Under the category, the data on the size of disabled population and its proportion in a total population, definition of disability and/or persons with disabilities, employment rate of disabled working age population, and the data on disabled children and youth access to education are included. This set of data enables us to see how and to what extent Governments in the region capture the basic disability statistics.

Definition on disability is included to show the basis of the population data and its diverse expressions in the region. When asked to provide definition of disability in the 2004 survey, Governments gave definitions of persons with disabilities, and/or definitions of disability. For this reason, two categories were provided. As we see that disabled persons' lack of equitable access to educational and economic opportunities as major hindrances for social participation, and the lack of solid evidence to show the inequality as major problems as well: attempt was made to obtain the employment rate of disabled population in working age as well as data on disabled children and youth access to education. We also attempted to add employment rate of the overall population to see a difference between the two groups. 3) Institutional framework

Disability has traditionally tended to be regarded only as an issue of social welfare and protection, when in fact; the issue is much more comprehensive, covering all aspects of one's life. Also, increasingly, disability has been considered as a part of general development agenda. To facilitate such wider approach, ESCAP has promoted the establishment of a national coordination mechanism on disability that covers multi-ministries and involves many, multi-sectoral stakeholders including persons with disabilities themselves, to coordinate policy and programme matters. Against this background, the information on the existence and membership composition of the national coordination mechanism was collected. If there was no such mechanism, information on the existence of the disability focal point are presented. 4) Legislative and policy framework

Under the category, information on the existence of both disability-inclusive and disability-specific legislation and policies are included. "Disability-inclusive" refers to incorporating disability dimension into mainstream legislation and policies, while "disability-specific" refers to legislation and policies 5 Human Development Index (HDI) is a 'composite index measuring average achievement n three basic d,mensions of (P 357. Human Development Report human development-a long and healthy hie, knowleage and a decent standard ofl~v~ng" 2005). 6 The BMF states that less than ten par cent of children and youth with disabilities have access to any form of education and that establishing reliable data on employment of disabled persons is urgently called for.

BOX:Disability definition and data collection During the last thirty years, concepts on disability have changed signH7cently. Traditional medical approach regards disability as certain physical, intellectual, and mental impairments andregards them asabnormalandcauses ofone's loss offunctions andreducedopporlunities in socialparticipation. However, sociaiappmach refutes the idea ofabnormalilyand draws our aftentions to a social aspect and regards disability not as a consequenceofimpairment. but as a consequence of social, political. economical and cultural exclusion against those with impairments. Thus,a cumnt chair of the Ad Hoc Comminee on the International Convention suggests a definifion at its 7th session: "Disabilily"resuHs from the interactionbetween persons with impairments. conditions or illnesses and the environmental and aftitudinal bam'ers they face. Such impairments. conditions or illnesses may be permanent, temporary,intermiftent or imputed, and include those that are physical, sensow, psychosociai. neumlogical, medical or intellectual (for further information, please visit hffp://www.un.org/esa/sov /enablehqs.htm. http:///www.un.org/es~~dev/enable/right~ahc7pddisablllty.htmand hHp:///www.un.org/esa/socdev/enable/right~ahc8doc~ahc8bkd~3,doc), Disability data collection in many wuntries has not been able to be in line with this change fora number of reasons: disability-related data itself has been often absent due to lack of regularized system and capacities of the wllection; available prevalence rate tended to be collected based on the n a m w scope of the traditional view on disabilily and methodology of the data collection might not be adequate (i.e.. phrasing of Questions and methods 01 interviews am not sensilive to persons with disabilities)

WHO 2001 International Classification of Functioning, Disabililyand Health (ICF) sheds lights on these issues. ICF views disability as phenomenon arising from wmplex interactions of body functions and stmctures. activities and participation. envimnmentaland personal factors. It sewes as a framewod lo assess disability from different angles and to wllect data on disabled populations for different purposes. Countries such as Australia are known to have applied the ICF framework in their disability data collection, having a higher prevalence rate of disabilily compared to others. WHO and ESCAP Statistics Division are currently pmviding training on the impmvement o f disability statistics to countries in the mgion and developing a training manual (for further information please visit hftp:/hww3. who.inl/icf/ and hftn'/hwm11nc1scmom/efal/ indear i l ~ n 1

that focus on persons with disability or disability issues. For the disability-inclusivepart, information on a mention on disability in the Constitution is presented. For disability-specific legislation or policies, the data on the existence on comprehensive disability law, disability-specific anti-discrimination law, and national action plan on disability are presented. Gmprehensive disability law means a law for persons with disabilities, covering more than one thematic area. Understandingof the existence of disability comprehensive law would allow us to see whether a Government approach disability from multi-sectoral views. Disability-specific sectoral laws would include a law on disability employment, a law on disabled person's social security and so on. Understanding of the existence of disability-specific sectoral laws would allow us to see what

thematic areas a Government commit exclusively. A disability-specific anti-discrimination law means a law legally prohibiting discrimination based on disability and punished non-compliance in the court. Understandingof the existence of a disability-specific anti-discrimination law would allow us to see whether a Government has instituted a legal framework based on a principle of human rights, non-discrimination and equal opportunity.' 5) National efforts to promote indusive society

Regardless of the development stage of a society, persons with disabilities tend to have limited access to meaningful and gainful economic opportunities. Inaccessibility to the built environment and information remains as a major barrier for social and economic participation of persons with disabilities as well. Given the importance of the issue, ESCAP promotes policy and programmatic responsesto these areas through the BMF priority areas. The data under the category show specific examples of measures taken by Governments in the three areas, namely, employment quota scheme, national accessibility standard and the standardized sign language. The information on the auota scheme is included because the 2004 survev revealed that it was widelv used bv the maioritv of the respondingGovernments in the region. he information on the accessibility standard aid the standardized sign language are included because their development is highly - . recommended in the BMF target 13 and 1%&pectively. 6) Financial commitment

To indicate Government's commitment on disability issues in financial terms, two data are presented: proportion of disability (social spending) to GDP or entire national budget, and annual budget allocated to the national coordination mechanism. The first data might be indicative of the Government's commitment on disability matters in larger scale, while the second might be indicative of importance given to the national coordination mechanism, which the BMF promotes.

7) Commitment to regional and international policy framework. Under the category, the data on whether or not Government signed the ESCAP Proclamation on the Full Participation and Equality of People with Disabilities in Asian and Pacific Region for the Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons (1993-2002, 2003-2012), and whether or not it ratified ILO Convention 159 Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons) Convention, 1983 are included as indications of Government's commitmentsto regional and internationalpolicy framework. I n future, the ratification of the "International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities" will be another indicator in this regard. For further details on the information included in the profile, please refer to the websites and contacting details of organizations listed in the references. 7 To measure the extent of mainstreaming of disability concerns in legislativeor policy framewk, the survey, conducted in 2004, also asked whether a Government intmratesdisabilitv concerns in their sectoral laws or plans. Also, E Is found out that there are disabilitv-swc wlicies that a&formulated in the reaion. However. these were not included in the current " compilation not tobe'confus& with other data.

Sources of the data and information, and methodology The data in the Profile are primarily derived from the following six sources: 1) Responses a self-administered 'Questionnaire on the implementation of the Biwako Millennium Framework towards and Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)".

The following data and information were derived from the responses: data on proportion of disabled population; information on definition of disability and persons with disabilities; institutional framework; legislative and policy framework; natlonal efforts to promote inclusive society and annual budget to the national coordination mechanism. The Questionnaire was distributed by the ESCAP secretariat in April 2004 to disability focal points in our member and associate member states. Twenty-eight Governments listed in the previous section sent back a reply to the secretariat by September 2005; 2) Written responses to additional request from ESCAP secretariat for data and information on population of persons with disabilities, their employment rate, access to education, rate for quota scheme, and proportion of disability or social spending to GDP or entire national budget. 3) Human Development Report 2005, published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in 2005; Data on GDP per capita and Human Development Index (HDI) ranking were derived from the report;

4) World Population Prospects, the 2004 Revision, published by the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations; Data on the national population is derived from this publication in which mid-2006 population is projected by incorporating the results of 2000 round of national population censuses and recent specialized surveys carried out in developing countries; 5) ESCAP in-house information on the status of the ESCAP Proclamation on the Full Participation and Equality of People with Disabilities in Asian and Pacific Region for the Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons (1993-2002 and 2003-2012); 6 ) ILO website on the status of ratification of the ILO convention 159 concerning disabled persons.'

Once we compiled the data and the information from the above mentioned sources, we sent them back to the disability focal point in each of the 28 countries and areas in March 2006, and requested to veritj or update the data and the information by May of the same year. After the data was confirmed, they were shared amongst the focal points on disability of International Labour R

This is available at http://ww.ilo.org/ilolexlcgi-lexlratifce.pI?c59

86V

Organizations(1LO)'s Disability Programme in Asia and the Pacific Region, Bangkok and the Asian Pacific Disability Development Centre (APCD) for peer review. While efforts were made to maintain the accuracy and recency, the data and the information gathered, whlch heav~lyrely on self-reporbng, have its own limitations. For example, the accuracy of mformationis subject to the interpretattons of the wording of each indicator by a person who answered the Questionnaire. Furthermore, when the laws and policies are written in national language, there is a chance that subtle nuances may not be properly reflected in the English translation.

Explanatory notes I n the "Disability at a Glance: a Profile of 28 Countries and Areas in Asia and the Pacific", tables on the 28 countries and an area are listed by the sub-regions. Sources of the data and information are identified in the column, "Source". If the data or information was taken from the Questionnaire, question number is identified. I f the original source of the data or information was identified by the respondents or ESCAP secretariat for any of the entries, they are included as well. When the data and/or information were not made available, and/or the respondent stated the data and/or information were not available or applicable in the particular context of the counby or the area, or when the respondent left the area blank, it is shown as N/A. The termindogy shown in an original language submitted by the respondentof each munby or area is presented. On indicatws regarding &&ne of i r d t u t h a l and p d i i framework, natjonal e f h k to promote inclusive sadety and commibnent to regional and international policy framework, spedfics such as names, year of estaMiment are provided when made available. (Xhemke, ''yes" W "NIA" is pmvided. Total population and the population of persons with disabilities are expressed in thousands. If data only on the population of persons with disabilities but not its proportion was provided, or if data only on the proportion but not the population was provided, the proportion or population against the total population was calculated only when the differences in years of the data between the total population and the available data are less than three years.

Key findings The following section briefly summarizes the key findings from the following categories. 1)Human Development Report Index

Human Development Index was available from all countries and areas except three (Afghanistan, Cook Islands and Kiribati). Among the 25 countries and areas, five (Australia followed by Japan,

Hong Kong, China, Singapore and the Republic of Korea) belong to a "high human development" category, while the majority or 20 (Malaysia followed by Thailand, Kazakhstan, Philippines, China, Fiji, Turkey, Maldives, Viet Nam, Indonesia, Mongolia, India, Solomon Islands, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Bhutan, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh and Timor-Leste) belong to the "medium human development" category. 2) Demography Graph: Proportion of disabled persons among total population krcentane

A wide range of the prevalence rate

Mthe 28 countries and areas, 24 provided data on the proportion of disabled population. As seen in the graph, the level varies from 0.7 per cent to 20 per cent. This finding corroborates frequently mentioned analyses of disability data: disability prevalence rates differ tremendously across borders not because the populations are that much different but because of different definitions, methodologies, and capacities for data collection at national level (please refer to the Box). Traditional medical approach definitions Of the 28, 24 provided definitions of either disability or persons with disabilities (please see the Summary table). While diversity in expression, description and categorization on disability is o b ~ e ~ e almost d, all of the definitions provided describe disability as limitation, restrictionand/or loss or lack of capabilities andfor lack or loss of normal behaviours, corroborating again often mentioned analysis of the definition that many of the available definitions are based on the traditional medical approach.

Four predominant categories of impairments

Among those who provided the types of impairment and limitation, almost all cover physical, visual (sensory), hearing, intellectual dimensions of disability, while others include a category of psycho-social and/or invisible disability (i.e., chronic illness etc.), multiple disabilities, difficulties in speech, developmental disabilities. Terminology and translation- interpretations and usage of "mental"

Description of psycho-social disabilities has different expressions such as 'mental illness (Australia)", "mental health problems (Kiribati)", "psychiatric disorders (Mongolia)". On the other hand, description of intellectual disabilities has different expressions such as "difficulty in leaning or understanding (Australia)", 'mental handicap (Hong Kong, China)", 'intellectual disability (Japan)" and 'mental retardation (the Republic of Korea)". "Mental disability" seems to be used differently either to refer to psycho-social disabilities (Japan, the Republic of Korea) or intellectual disabilities (Bangladesh). However, in other cases, it is not dear whether "mental" refers to psycho-social disabilities or intellectual disabilities. Purposed-based definitions

A couple of country and an area provided different definitions based on the purpose: Hong Kong, China and Australia. I n Hong Kong, China, there are three definitions depending on a purpose: definition for the registration of disabled; definition for the survey, and the definition for their antidiscrimination law. The definition includes disability which previously existed but no longer exists and which is imputed to a person. Fewer countries and areas have data on employment and education access

. .

Nine countries and an area orovided the data on em~lovmentrate of oersons with disabilities. Though the interpretations o i "persons with disabilities", "economically active", "employment" and the methodological basis for the rate is not comvarable among those, the highest rate is 89.4 percent of the ~e~ublic-of Korea, while the lowest rate is 26.4 per cent of ~ o n ~ o l iFour a - countries provided employment rate of general population for comparative purpose, showing the rate is higher than the rate for persons with disabilities. Seven countries provided the data on access to educational opportunities by persons with disabilities. Similar to the data on the employment, interpretations of the "school going children", "schools" and methodological basis for the rate differ among the four. The highest is 83.6 per cent from the Republic of Korea and the lowest is two per cent of Mongolia. 3) Institutional framework

Majority has the multi-ministerial mechanism

All of the 28 countries and an area have either the national coordination mechanism or focal point (please see the Summary table). Twelve countries clearly indicates that they have multi-ministerial mechanisms while countries such as Afghanistan has the single ministry responsible for disability matters. Bangladesh has the National Coordinating Committee, composed of 17 multi-sectoral

members from Government and NGOs including persons with disabilities, and it is also supported by the District level Disability Committees in 64 administrative districts in the country. 4) Legislative and policy framework

Majority has disability component in constitution and either law or plan on disability. Sixteen countries provided information that their respective constitution has a specific mention on disability. Four countries mention on it in the context of ensuring equal opportunities, non-discrimination and removing barriers. Fourteen countries reported that they had a comprehensive law on disability. Also, twelve countries and an area have a national action plan on disability. Among them, six countries and an area have both a comprehensive law and a national plan of action. Eight countries including Cambodia, Malaysia, Timor-Leste, Viet Nam, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Turkey and Fiji are currently developing the plan. Anti-discrimination law on disability Five countries and an area reported that they had an anti-discrimination law on disability. This member is expected to increase when the International Convention on Disability is applied at the national level. 5) National efforts to promote inclusive society Majority have quota scheme, accessibility standards and standardized sign language.

Fifteen countries reported that they had quota scheme for persons with disabilities. Of the 15, information on the quota rate was made available from 12. Their rates vary from one to four per cent. Fiji and Timor-Leste are currently developing the quota system (please see the Summary table). Eighteen countries and an area have national accessibility standards and sixteen countries have standardized sign language (please see the Summary table). 6) Financial commitment

Seven countries made available information regarding ratio or amount of budget used for social spending or disability-related purposes. Nine countries made available information regarding annual budget allocated to the national coordination mechanism. 7) Commitment to regional and international policy framework

All of the 28 countries and areas except Kazakhstan are signatories of the ESCAP Proclamation on the Full Participation and Equality of People with Disabilities in Asian as well as Pacific Region for the Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons (1993-2002 and 2003-2012). Nine countries have ratified the ILO convention 159 Vocational Rehabilitation.

East and Nartli-East Asia

mma ngICong.Chlna mn

X

X X

X

X X X

nooAs

X

X

X X X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X

X X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

x

X

X

X

x

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X

X

x x

X

X

X X

X

X

Bbnaladesh Bhutan

X

w X

X X X

X

X

wum Tcnk.v

X

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

Iitfrc ,Iran &.warhis

X

X X

X X

X

X

X

X

X X

:I

China

GDP per capita (ppp)

US$ 1,096 (2003)

National Human Development Report 2005

Human Development Index ranking out of 177

85 (2003)

Human Development Report 2005

Total population (in thousands)

1,323,636 (mid-2006)

World Population Prospects. the 2004 Revision

Population of persons with disabilities (in thousands)

N/A

Proportion of disabled population

5% (1987)

National Sampling Survey on Disabilily.1987

Definition of disability

N/A

0.20

Definition of persons with disabilities

A disabled person refers to one who suffers from abnormalities of loss of a certain organ or function, psychologically or physiologically or in anatomical structure and has lost wholly or in part the ability to perform an activity in the way considered normal.

Lawofrhe People'sRepublic of Chma on the Protectron of Disabled Persons (1990)

Employment disabilities

rate

of

persons

with

84% (2004)

'

'

China Disabled Persons Federation

Access to education

Physically disabled children are mainstreamed in normal school; for blind, deaf and intellectually disabled children, the rate is 80%

Ibid.

The national coordination mechanism or disability focal point

The State Council Working Committee on Disability, established in 1993

Q.lb

Numbers of members and composition of the mechanism

38 multi-sectoral members from relevant ministries, government departments and NGOs

0.lb

Mention on disability in constitution

Article 45 stipulates that the Government and society will support disabled citizens with their employment, living and education (1982)

0.76

Comprehensive ~m d k s W R y i ndisability c o n r b ilaw tutZar

The 45Law of People's of China on the 0.76 o.iob PJWk stlpuletcs that* Republic tovsmment and rodeh/ Protection of Disabled Persons (1990)

14

East and North-East Asia

Proportion of dlsablllty (soda1)spandlng to GDP or entlre national budget

NI)(

k#wd~-tDthensWnal

r@4

coordination mechanism

WaWlcation d ILO Canventlon 159 Notes:

2 Fdkwry l O B

' The second Natlonal Sampling Survey on Disability in China will be finished at the end of May 2006, and the information will be available in 2007. 84% refera to employment rate of urban disabled parsons. The employment is mainly the following three forms: weifare enterprises. quota scheme, and seif-employment.

80% refers to enrollment rate of school age deaf, blind and ~ntellectually disabled children. S c h d age is 7-16 years, as we practice 9 year mmpulsoryeducation in China. Since physically disabled Ghlldrengo to normalschool,we usually don't munt thairenmllment rate.

H o n e Kong, Chins Source GDP per capita (ppp)

US$ 25,625 (2003)

Census and Statistics Deparfment (CBSD) 2005

Human Development Index ranking out of 177

22 (2003)

Human Development Reporf 2005

Total population (in thousands)

6,935

CBSD 2005

Population of persons with disabilities (in thousands)

269.5 (excluding mentally handicapped persons)'

C&SD'sample survey 2000

Proportion of disabled population

4 % (excluding mentally handicapped persons)

Definition of disability

1) For the registration system, the definitions were individually defined in depth by the following types of disability, physical handicap, autism, visceral disabilities, hearing impairment, mental handicap, mental illness, visual impairment, speech difficulty.

'

CBSD' sample survey 2000 1) Health, Welfare and Food Bureau

2) Disability Discrimination Ordinance (1996)

2 ) For the anti-discrimination law disability means total or partial loss of a person's bodily or mental functions, total or partial 1055 of a part of the body, the presence of organisms causing disease or illness (such as HN), the malfunction, malformationor disfigurement of a part of the person's body, or a disorder, illness or disease that affects a person's perception of reality, emotions or judgement or that results in disturbed behaviour, and learning difficulties. A disability includes not only a disability which presently exists, but also a disability which previously existed but no longer exists, which may exist in the future or which is imputed to a person.

Definition of persons with disabilities

Under the framework of the survey, "persons with disabilities" were defined as those who (i) had been diagnosed by qualified health personnel (such as practitioners of Western medicine and Chinese medicine, including herbalists, bone-setters and acupuncturists) as having one or more of the following 7 conditions; or (ii) had perceived themselves as having one or more of the first 4 of the following 7 conditions which had lasted, or were likely to last, for a period of 6 months or more at the time of enumeration: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

restriction in body movement; seeing difficulty; hearing difficulty; speech difficulty; mental illness; (f) autism; and (9) mental handicap.

CBSD'sample survey 2000

East and North-East Asia Employment rate of persons with disabilities

87.9% (52,500 persons 'of all economi&lly active pemns with disabilities (59, 700 persons) are employed. The latter 59,700 persons represents 22.9% of disabled persons who are 15 years old or above.

Access to education

N/A

The national coordination mechanism or disability focal point

Rehabilitation Advisory Committee established in 1995. Focal point is Commissioner for Rehabilitation under the Health, Welfare and Food Bureau.

CBSD'sample survey 2000

0.I b

Numbers of members and composition of the mechanism

6 officials and 20 unofficial members

0.lb

Mention on disability in constitution

N/A

0.76

Comprehensive disability law

N/A

0.lob

Disability-specific anti-discrimination law

Disability DiscriminationOrdinance (1996)

O.llb

M o r a l disability laws and the areas

Health, building code

0.9a

National plan of action on disability

Rehabilitation Programme Plan (1999)

0.2a

Employment quota scheme

N/A

0.3Oa

National accessibility standard

Design Manual: Barrier Free Access 1997; Transport Planning and Design Manual: Facilities for People with Disabilities 1987.

0.326

Standardized sign language

N/A

0.34

Proportion of disability (wxial) spending to GDP or entire national budget

N/A

Annual budget allocated to the national coordination mechanism

N/A

Q.lb

Signatory to the Proclamation of the decade

1993

htfp://w. unescap.org/esid/ psiddisability

Ratification of ILO Convention 159

No

hnp://www.ilo. org/ilolex/cgilex/ratrfce.pl?C159

Notes~ ' The estimates pertaining to mentally handicappedpersons are excluded from thebgure asthey are consideredto be subjectto under-estimationin the survey. A crude StatiStical assessment showed lhat the total number of mentally handicapped persons in Hong Kong. China might be in the region of 62.000 87.000. Further breakdowns of such figure are no1 available

'

~

Unofficial means "not governmenr ~ M c i a lappointed ~. in personal capacity

.... 17

I:

Human Development Report Index

* v

.*--

m

ph&lddlsab~[ties'+h&&&&&dthe

~ w h ~ ~ ~ - r ~ m p e m s w l t h phVricddDllbiiltkrhmc~aPW~ "Penofts*-'dbsBmbr"aR~whom -~Rty~avhg-dDvdopmcntsl pcrlad ( M t o t8years dagc) and hweruncllaraldeRds h 5#Rs W dally lite whm require supportive "Pemwwlthmentaldisbllltks" shan be persowwhohave

-.

st and an North-East orth-East Asia Asia East The national cwrdination mechanism or disability focal point

Headquarters for Promoting the Measures for Persons with Disabilities under directorate of Promoting the Measures for Persons with Disabilities in Cabinet Office (2001)

Q.lb

Numbers of members and composition of the mechanism

Prime Minister, Chief Cabinet Secretary, Ministers and Secretariat

Q.1b

Mention on disability in constitution

NIA

0.76

Comprehensive disability law

‘%sic l a w for Persons with Disabi1ities”amended in 2004

0.l o b

Disability-specific anti-discrimination law

NIA

O.llb

Sectoral disability laws and the areas

Employment, rehabilitation, health, m i a l security and others

0.9a

National plan of action on disability

Basic Programme for Persons with Disabilities (2002)

0.26

Employment quota scheme

1.8% for private entity, 2.1% for Government agencies

0.30a

National accessibility standard

Yes

0.32b

Standardized sign language

Yes

0.34

Proportion of disability (social) spending to GDP or entire national budget

0.02 % of total budget for the 2005 fiscal year

Annual budget allocated to the cwrdination mechanism

NIA

0.lb

Signatory to the Proclamation of the decade

Yes

htlpNwww.unescap.org/esid/ psis/disability

Ratification of 110 Convention 159

12lune 1992

htlpNwww.ilo.orgfilolex/cgi-le x/ratifce.pl?C 159

Nofes:

‘

national

Theoriginal survey divides theworkableage group into ten subcategories Figures in the lableare from 25to29years. Employmentrate for physically disabled persons for the age group 45 10 49 years is 52.1% The rate for intellectually disabled persons IS 44.4% as compared to 81.9%. the rate for non-disabled persons. This applies to companies which have more than 56 employees

19

rota1 population (in thousands) Po(xllatian of persons wlth disabilii (m thwsands)

Ibid.

~roportionof disabkd popuiation

Ibid.

Definition of disability

€2.20

Definition of p e m s with disabilities

Provision No. 3 of law on ''Soda1 seavity of the people with disabilii says that the citizen of Mongolia, foreign residents wtro live officially in Mongolia and the stateless persons whose physiological and mental impairment is iransmitted through genetically and non-genetically, congenital defect, post-injection complication, lost conirol of voluntary movement functions reasoned from aaidents and impodsibk to labor in an ordmary circumstances, have visual, auditory and speech disability, as well as mentally retarded and psychdogkally Impaired are investigated and registered by Medical and Labor CeMmtbn Commissions.

Q20

(DeAn160n used for M d a l stafhtb, NSO of Mongols.)

Employment rate of disabilities

persons with

N6fbaI StatisfM Offfoe

Access to education

15.7% of 20,748 children and younger people with dtsabilitb Q0to &l.

Ibid.

The national coordination mechanism or disability focal point

Natlonal committee fou in 1995, renewed in 2002, 2OW and 2m5. l point: Population and Soda1 Security Department of the Minisby of Sxial Welfare and Labor.

0.1b

East and North-East Asia mben of mmbers &xicunpsMm d e maehanlsm

1entlon on dhbilii in fonstiMion

13 members hdudlng National Cantnittee and

?

~ ~ ~ ~ 1 5 a r $ u ~ r i 0 h t ~ ~ g l p p a t w QR henl~np long and losing work abmy, right to be care for health, right to education, right to unl voluntarily, right to express their opinion freely and publish (1992)

m p ~ h e m dlssblllty h bw

Law on Sodal welfare for Dlsabllities (2005)

0.1Ob

iedaal disability laws and the areas

Wucstion, employment, rehabilitation, health, and technology, building code, bamw&tbn, allwiat[on and soda1 securny/sadai welfare

Q.&

E~Pbn+=ntquota&erne

Yes

Q.&

Nations1 d b l l l t y standard

Normal of Building Planning for Disabilitiesenacted In

0.328

2004 Standardized sign langwge

Yes

;DPwentbcfmtbnalbudget

Appmlmatel~4.49% or about US42 mlllion is used forsoda(wethre,educatbr$atc

\mud lwbt albcat& to the national

NIA

*opcrtbn ddiabiHty (social) spndlng to

Nob

' National Pmgramme fw DevelopingDisabilitiesUfe (1ggs2W4)

(2.34

Q.lb

Republic of Korea

4ccea to education

S%S9b'

East and North-East Asia DlntMllty-spedRcanll-dlsamrlnatlon kR

UWbeirodevelaped

SectDlal dbaMllty bm and the areas

1. M on InrbdlatRn d Convenknce Fadlitksfor the DbabM; 2. and vogtiorlai RehaMlltdtion M for Persars wlth Wabilitks;

Q.&

Yes

0.34

T h e Committee has the following purposes: l)aatablkh the Comprehsnslve Weifen Stralegy fa People with DisaMlitiee; 2) adju64 the pdkies of me mlmd Minisbias; -The disabled waifare poUcv. Budgst for Uw d b b k &re promliar. Coadination of spsdal e d u c a h pdky. - CmrdinaUon of Employmen1pmmoh policy for p e r m with disabllittes. - CmrdlnaUon the Minlstrba &led to hdbabled wdfam, etc. 3) supervise and monitor the impiemen~onof the policies.

-

c a mbodia :

n Ocvelopment Report Index

US)m:w)

~tof 177

$%,(m ..., . .

m1 population (hthousands1

e 3 5 1 (mid-2006)

man Development Index ra'nkill-

)pulation of persons with disabilities Ithousands)

~,

.~

~

I

.

.

,

" . '... . .

. .:. ., . . . .- .. . . ,! Ibid. 1 . c . . . ', !

2&2.4%

.I. -.

l) National lnmuta@ StaUsbcS,hi/~aQ'l($

29 3.9%

Planning; 2) Wodd Bank

0.20

finition of disability finitton of persons with disabilities

re iiiimnaf-bw~lilletloirm m r ~ mor nmnity manmmdl VAC), m twwrn PYW :

u m h of members and compwltlon of

. .:

,

oportion of disabled population

sabllity focal point

.;;

.

...

W ...

43 members from Government and NGOs. DAG %S'

South-East Asia

Commitment to Regional and International Policy Framework

..

L ,,,

8

Human Development Index ranking MRof177

.,

.

-

ulation of pwsons with disabilities portion of disabled population

110 (20q

......

NIA

.

.-

........

.

... . . . . .. -

.

,,

..

. .,

.-

1.0% .,,

-

,,,

, ,,

. , .,

.. , -.

.

....

.

.- , ,

,..

,,

.

Minis& of WslA&im a, Sl~tistic CenkaiSoerd

Mnition of diibllii &finition of pemm with disabilities . .

The handicapped is any petson having physkd ' Q&l andlor mental dafidencies which can hinder M & woporly l -%4 .... . . . . .....

t?TiSwrn

..

.

.~

South-East Asia

I ao People's Democratic Republic

I

Hutna~

s<:,,:.;c

velopment Report Index

- p e r q ( d

.......

..

Wman Development Index ranking

~efinitlon of persons wkh disaMIWes

i !..L

.

133 (200Q

W

.............................

.~

, ,

us4l,m (m)

,

....................

.......

.

. . ~ ~. . .

.

~

.~.,

..

,. ................

2005 L.,

; lbm.

... .

.....

... .

.L C

South-East Asia '

Sectoral disability laws and the areas

N/A

National plan of action on disability

Strategic Plan for Rehabilitation and Development

0.26

Employment quota scheme

Yes

0.3Oa

National accessibility standard

2000

0.326

Standardized sign language

Yes

0.34

Proportion of disability (social) spending to GDP or entire national budget

N/A

Annual budget allocated to the national coordination mechanism

N/A

0.lb

Signatory to the Proclamation of the decade

1995

htlp:/hvwwunescap.org/esid/ psiddisabilily

Ratification of ILO Convention 159

No

h t l p : / W .ilo.org/ilolex/cgilex/ralifce.pl?Cf59.

Note:

' Only disability-specific regulations exists.

O.9a

I Human Development Report Index

Source

.

Total population (in thousands) i ...................

Population of B=, (in thousands) .

............................

..

,

yyith,.$liii

. . -.............. Proportion of disabled population Definition of disabilii

DeRnWon of persons with disabiiilities

I

me nattanal &M&

mordlnation mectrentsm or

facal pint

Naticlcurl GowdlnatkrgComndk?z@unWDepamnaM of social W r e , M i n m of Women. Famil~and Cmmunlty Development, established 16 July 2001.

Q.lb

1

Disability-specific anti-discrimination law

N/A

0.1i b

Sectoral disability laws and the areas

Education; employment; rehabilitation; health; information and technology; building code; and poverty alleviation

0.9a

National plan of action on disability

Nation Action Plan for Disabled Persons is currently being developed.

0.26

Employment quota scheme

1 % for the public sector

0.30a

National accessibility standard

1990 Code of Practice for Means of Escape for Disabled People; 1991 Code of Practice for Access for Disabled People to Public Buildings; 1993 Code of Practice for Access for Disabled People Outside Buildings.

Q32b

Standardized sign language

Yes

0.34

Proportion of disability (social) spending to GDP or entire national budget

NIA

Annual budget allocated to the national coordination mechanism

Q.lb

Signaton/ to the Proclamation of the decade

1994

http:/hYwwunescap.org/esid/ psis/disabilify

Ratification of ILO Convention 159

No

h t t p : / / w .ilo.org/iloleVcgilex/ralifce.pl?C159

-

-

Total population (in thousands)

84,477 (mid-20~)

Population of persons with disabilities (In thousands)

N/A

Pmportion of disabled population

1.2%

2WO National Census of Howing and Population

Definition of disability

Disability shall mean 1) a physical or mental impairment that substantially l i m b one or more psychological or anatomical functions of an Individual; 2) a record of such an impairment or; 3) being regarded as having such an impairment

Magna Cerfa forDisabled Persons Republic A d 7277 (1995)

Deflnltion of persons wlth disabilities

Those suffering from restriction of different abilities, as a result of a mental, physical or sensoty impairment, in performing an adMty in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being.

Ibid.

Employment rate of disabilities

persons with

NI* Only 2% of persons with disabilitiesofxhool age are enrolled in formal educational institutions.

The

I 5mn%!&m

,

dkabllky focal point

Numbers of members and composition of the mechanism

National Councll for the Weifare of Dlsabled Pwsonr (national level in 1978) and Regional Committee fo( the Welfare of Disabled Persons (regional level 118 1987) 19 regular members composed of National Government Agencies, NonGovemment Organizations, causeoriented and civic gmups and representative from the sector of persons with rliuhtliH~e1

A

Q.lb

South-East Asia Legislative and Policy Framework Mention on disability in constitution

Article 13, Section 13 of the 1987 Philippines Constitution mandates the National Council for the Welfare of Disabled Persons for their rehabilitation development and self-reliance, integration into the mainstream of societf.

0.76

Comprehensive disability law

Magna Carta for Disable Persons Republic Act 7277 enacted in March 1995

0.lOb

Disability-specific anti-discrimination law

N/A

0.1I b

Sectoral disability laws and t h e areas

Education; employment; rehabilitation; health; building code; transportation; poverty alleviation; social welfare and political

0.9a

National plan of action on disability

National Plan of Action for the Decade of Persons with Disabilities enacted for 2003-2012 2 , 3

0.26

Employment quota scheme

5% of all casual, emergency and contractual positionsin the Department of Social Welfare and Development, Department of Health, Dep-Ed and other government agencies offices, or corporations engaged in social development shall he reserved for disabled persons.

Tllle 2: Righls and Privileges of Disabled P B I S O ~of S Disabled Persons Seclion 5 Equal Opportimily for Employmen1of the Magna Cnrta fnr D iahled

National accessibility standard

Accessibility Law enacted in 1983

0.326

Standardized sign language

NIA

0.34

Proportion of disability (social) spending to GDP or entire national budget

N/A

Annual budget allocated

to the national

PL?,SO"S.

Average of 30 millions Pesos per year

O.lb

1993

hiip://ww.unescap. org/esid/ psMdisablty

23 August 1991

http://ww.ilo. orgfiloledcqilex/rafifce.pl?C159

coordination mechanism

Signatory to the Proclamation decade Ratification of ILO Convention 159 Noies:

' '

of

the

Honorary member from the disability sector is represented in the National Anti-Poverty Commission. Philippine Medium Term Development Plan includes in Chapter 12 disabilityconcerns responding to basic needs to the poor: protection of the vulnerable. The declared the Philippine with Disabil Disabilities with 2003-2012 2003-2012on onAdgust August 21.2002 21,2002 wlth withthe theNational NationalCouncd Council ,e Philippines Phdlpp~nes Phlllpplne Decade of Personswlth bes wlm forr the observance and and formulabon formulationof of aa Nabonal NationalMan Planfor for me the Decade Decade. the Welfare Welfare of of Disabled Persons'as lead agency in n the obsswance

Tetal population (in thousands)

World Populelion P

the 2004 Revislon

PBpulation of persons with disabflities @ thousands) l Wportion of disabled population

Estimated by ESCAP SBM)tarist ecmrding to Hi avelMle data

3.0% exdudlng those who are older than 64 years old (2003estimated)

Ministry of Community Development end Sports

Refinition of disability Definition of persons with disabilities

iployment rate abilities

of

People with disabilii are those whose prospeasof securing, retaining places and advancing in education and training InsWutions, employment and recreation as equal members of the community are whstantiaily reduced as a resuit of physical, mental, intellectual, development or sensory impairments.

persons with

e national wrdination mechanism or ability focal point ~mbersof members and composition of r mechanisrft

Disability Policy Branch under Minisby of Commun$ Development and Sports (2000) . .. .. .. . . , .

NI&

,

'@W

. , -

- -

.-

South-East Asia Scctwal disability law and the a m

Building code

AtatlDMI plan of action on dkabilii

Signatay decade

the Pmdamtbn of the

Ratificationof ILO Convention 159

1993

No

I hailand

I.

Hu~nanDevelopment Report Index

R P?! [email protected]& -.

'-!?$?',595 f3m)

. . . . . . .-

. . .

. . .

man Development Index ranking +A 7 ", 1A,7 ,

.8

~~

~~

~

,$:.,!;K c.

...........

:

.

.

.

73 (2003

Human Development Repwt 2005

. :

ibid.

~~

........

tion of peMnS with dlsaMlitie$ -

8

M

~

hpoltion of disabled population

1.7%

2002 ~isabllifysurvey

Mnition of dkabiltty

NlA

Q. 20

Pseflnitionof persons with disabilities

Disabled person means a p e r m with physical, intellectuai or psychological abnwmality or impaimrent as categorized and prescribed in the Ministerial Regui&tons, impairments in terms of sight, hearing or communication, physical and locomotion, mentality or behaviour, and Intellectual or learning ability.

Aownlingtothe Rehabilitetion of ~ i w ~ e d P e m s A c l , estabiishedin 1991

nployment rate of iabilii .-

persons with

. ..... :>.....L

N/A

.....L......

Persons, l991

.. ;kmben of members and composition of

16 representatlves from NGOs, Government, DPOs, academic instihtions

Focal pdnt: Bureau of Empowerment for Persons with Disabilities under the Minisby of Social Development and Human Security

Q.1b

South-East Asia

Disability-spedfic anti-discrimination law

N/A

Sectoral diibilii laws and the areas

MMbil

Natlonal plan of action on dkabiri

Employment quota scheme

2%

Q.m

National ~ l b i l i t standard y

Ministerial R e g u m No. 4 enacted in 2001'

P.32h

PmpMtton d disability (social) spending to GDP or &hnational budget

N/A

L

RatiRcation of ILO Convention 159

1-

No

' The regulahonwas revised in 2005 and ib Englishtranslation will be made wallable in 2006

hUp&%w"ile.~ol~w' ~ B ~ p n ~ 1

5

@

Human Dewlopment Index ranking out of 177

140 @Oaq

.

.,,. . . . . . . . .

SUN^^ 2d2,by of State for Labor and Solidarity

wulation of persons with dha~~llues n thousands)

~portlonof disabled population eflnition of disability efintion of persons with disabilities mployment rate of sabliities

persons with

a.iB ......

- ......

- .....

-. .

blished in 2001

W ~igr~ttwan on ground of

m

or mental condition. S&&l provides that diibled citizens shall enjoy the same rights and be subjected to same duties as all citizens, and the State shali promote the umtecbion of disabled citizens (2002).

,

.

South-East Asia Comprehensive disability law

N/A

Q.1Ob

Disability-specific anti-discrimination law

N/A

Q.llb

Sectoral disability laws and the areas

N/A

0. 9a

National plan of action on disability

Currently being drafted

0.26

Employment quota scheme

Currently being developed

Q.30a

National accessibility standard

Currently being developed

Q.32b

Standardized sign language

N/A

0.34

Proportion of disability (social) spending to GDP or entire national budget

N/A

Annual budget allocated to the national coordination mechanism

$ 70,000 (2006-2007)

Q.lb

Signatory to the Proclamation of the decade

2004

http://ww. unescap.org/esid/ psis/disability

Ratification of ILO Convention 159

No

hffp://www.ilo.org/iioleu/cgiiex/ratifce,p/?C159

Notes Notes:

'

Provlslonai 1.4%0fof the hp Provisional Census 2004 data Indicate indicate that 1 11.4% the household householdenumerated enumeratedrepolted reportedat at least leastone onehousehold householdmamber memberwith withpphysical dlsabilltyand ,3% ofthe householdreportedat leasf for eveiy 20 disability and 2 2.3% leastone one household household member memberwith with mental mentalIllness, illness,ornearly or nearlythree threehauseholds householdsfor every20 in Timor-Leste.

39

Viet Narn

&man DWebpmeIIt Index ranking

:

., .: -~<: ,

.

108 (2003)

,

~

tal population (in thousands]l

.

83,330 (mid-2006)

Bbpulation of persons with disabilities @hthousands)

5,333

#&portion of disabled population

6.4%

World Popuatiwr P m a p ~ s . the 2094 Revislon

2004-2NWalabisficsfrom Mlnlst~yof La&, Invalids and Social ARlirs (MoLISA)

W

?finition of dlsabilii eflnition of persons with diibilItles

-

Disabled persens by d&nWn of this Ordinam,

o he -OR.-

irrespediveof the causes of Uie disability, are defe*lve of one W many park of the bDdy or hKtio(15 which are

parson%

shawn in d[fferem ferms of dlsslliMy, aand whM reduoe the capabllny of aEtMty and caum many dfflsulties to wbrk, Meand M&.

nployment rate sabilitles

of

p e m with

*

m

&

~ ~ f t , f o r p o r I adCY

m-,

NfA

ress to education

rnatlaralmrdinstTonmw sability focal point

OF^

Viebwm (NCCD)under Minisby of Labour, InvalMs and Social AfFairs (Molisa). Established 22 Ianuary

I

~~

2001 umbm of members and compitlon of ie tnedmNsm

I

28 representativesfrom 17 line MlnisMes, NGOs and 5 RPQs &/for $isabM!yom

m&&

Q.lb

W

South-East Asia Amdes S9 slates that the State of Vietnam and sod* owt~ favwraMe condWons for children wkh dlsabllmes, dWbantaged children receive education and vocational tnrinjng. Artisle 67 states that old people, disable4 persons

acwl~Blphansm~bytiwSgWewtl

. .

Standardized sign language

ODP or emre national budget

Annual bud@ allacatd to toe narior

..

lendedin 1992

@l population (in thousands)

31,082 (M-2006)

opMon of tiiMed population

NA I'

In the hence of the comprehensive definition, definition based on 1980 WHO definltkm is generally used lnduding for data collection. However, for pmjects managed by the National Pmgram for Actlon on Disablilly NPAD), the fdlowlns definition Is used: disablMv is the isadvantage noi tci rortser of activity caused by s&al factors w h h tampem people who have lmpahments 'and thus exclude them from tha mainstream of sodat activities.

UNQPN

deffnmIorm

d

nnltion of persons with dlsablllties

WA

nployment rate of parsons with dkabllities

N/A

ress to education

WA

~ pwm M ~ for

mon D,saWw8

int91~~~tldn~

0.20

1 Of&' ..,, ,

?be?

of members d c o m p s i t b of the

Comprehensive disability law

.,. . -. .. ,.

.

,

A comprehensive legislation is arrrently finalized for ratification.

. .....

,

Q.10b

.

~..

.

South and South-West Asia DaabIIUyspedtic antidiscrimination law

N/A

Sectoral disability lam and the areas

The Government and UNDP's3wtice Programme are reviewina all the laws and leaislation as Dart of the

Q.9a

National plan of action on dlsabilUy

There are plans to cbe@ a mprehensWenational plan of &for wrsons with disabilltb

Q.20

Employmentquota scheme

N/A

Q.30e

Yes Yes

Notes:

' Secretariat note: Accordingto HandicapInternational (HI) and National Disability Survey in Afghanistan (NDSA), thereare a numberof data on the prevalence rate of disabled persons made available from different sources ad follows:

l999 UNDPIUNOPS: 3% of the population; The MlCS (Multi Indicator Cluster Survey) 2003: 2.5% for children under 5 and 3% for persons aged 7 to 17: The National Risk and Vulnerability Assessment (NRVA 2003): 2% for physical disability and 1%for mental disability. HI also reports that one out of every five households in Afghanistan has at least one member with a disability 'Impairment" is also defined as an individual's condition plus the eflect on function. S

The Ministry's name is undergoing a change.

GDP per capita (ppp)

US$1,770 (2003)

Human Development Report 2005

Human Development Index ranking out of 177

139 (2003)

ibid.

Total population (in thousands)

144,437 (mid-2006)

World WorldPopulation PopulationProspects, Prospects, the the2004 2004Revision. Revision.

Population ofofpersons ~pulation personswith withdisabilities disabilities (in Ithousands) thorrsands)

At Atleast 8,088 8,088

National NatlonelForum Fommofof Organizations Otg%nriafionsWorking Workingwith wlth the MeDisabled Oisabled(NFOWD) (NFOWD)and and Handicap Handicaplnternational(2005) lntemational(2QoJ)

Proportion opcmonofofdisabled dbabled population population

At ~tleast 1 ~ 5.6% 5 . 6 %

lbid IbM.

Definition blnltionof ofdisability disability

NIA WA

0.20 Q.20

Definition of nniri~l ofoersons p e w swith withdisabilities disabllmes

"Disabiiitv" meansany anyperson permwho, who,(a) (a)I5 Isphysically @w+allycrippled oiwMeither W r 'Dirabilwmeans congenitally rnngenitdlyoraas asresult resuilofofdisease diseaseor Kbeing beingaavictim vimofofaccident, acddentoror due to improper or maltreatment or for any other reasons became due to i m m or mmeatmm K for anv oUer reasons oecsme physically incapacitated or mentally imbalanced, and (b) As a result of such crimiino conditions or mental imoairment -(il Has become incapacita(&, &her partially or fully; and (ii) I s ukbie to lead a normal life. Any person having disability described hereunder shaii he included in the meaning and a p e of the definition under subsection (i) of this e i o n . (a)"Visuai impaired" means any person who has: (i) No vision in any single eye. or (ii) I n both the eyes, or (iii) visual acuity not exceeding 6/60 or 20/200(Snelien) in the better eye even with correcting lenses; or (iv) limitation of a 'field of vision' subtending an angle of 20' (degree) or worse; (b) Physically handicapped refers to person who has - (i) Lost ether one or both the hands, or (ii) Lost sensation, pamy or wholly, of either hand, or it is so weaker in normal condition that the situations stated under subseaion 1 (a) and (b) are applicable to his case; or (iii) Lost either one or both the feet, or (iv) Lost sensation, partly or wholly, of either or both the feet, or it is so weaker in normal mndition that the Situations stated under subsedon I (a) and (b) are applicable to his case; or (v) Has physical deformity and abnormality, or (vi) Has permanently l x t physical equilibrium owing to neuro-disequilibria; or (c) Has "hearing impairmenV meaning one's loss of hearing capacity in better ear in the conversation range of frequencies at 40 decibels (hearing unit) or more, or damaged or ineffective otherwise; or (d) Has"speech impairmentl meaning 10s of one's capacity to uttedpronouncemeaningful vmabulary sounds. or damaged, partly or wholly, or dysfunctional; or (e) Has 'mental disabiliw meaning; (i)One whose mental development is not at par with his chronological age or whose IQ (Intelligent Quotient) is far below the normal range. or (ii) Has lost mental balance or is damaged, partly orwholly; or (0 Has multipledisabilities, that is one who suffers from more than one type of above stated impairments; or (9)Any other type of impairment to be defined and declared by me National Coordination Committee.

The TheDisabiiitv DisabiMyWelfare WelferaAct Aet 2001 2001

Employment Employmentrate rateofofpersons p e r mwith wimdisabilities dlsablltties

NIA N/A

Access Aaestotoeducation education

4% 4Ohof ofprimary primaryschool schwlgoing goingaged agedchildren children

Department of Primary Education (2002)

South and South-West Asia The national coordination mechanism or disability focal point

National Coordinating Committee under Ministry of Social Welfare. Established 16 July 2001. This is supported by the National Executive Committee and also the District level Disability Committees the 64 Dissbfllty Committees in h each leach of of she 64 administrative admldistricts across the country dlsbibsaQossthemunay

Q. l b

Numbers of members and composition of the mechanism

17 multi-sectoral members from Government and NGOs including persons with disabilities

Q.1b

Mention on disability in constitution

N/A

Q.7b

Comprehensive disability law

Disability Welfare Act - 2001

Q. 1Ob

Disability-specific anti-discrimination law

N/A

Q. 1l b

Sectoral disability laws and the areas

N/A

Q.9a

National plan of action on disability

National Action Plan for the Development of Disabled Persons is currently at its final stages for national approval.

Q.2b

Employment quota scheme

10% quota for orphans and persons with disabilities in all jobs. 1%quota for disabled persons in all cadre service jobs of the State.

Q.30a

National Natlonaiaccessibility waslibillty standard standard

Currently being developed MQ developed

Q.32b

Standardized Standardized sign slgn language language

Standard Sign supported is supported Bangla Bangle has been developed, devefoped, but is.. yet from the Covemrnent Government vet to to receive final final approval a m m l fmrn

Q.34

Proportion of disability (social) spending to GDP or entire national budget

N/A

Annual budget allocated to the national coordination mechanism

N/A

Q. l b

Signatory to the Proclamation of the decade

1993

http://www.unescap.org/esid/ p siddisability

Ratification of ILO Convention 159

No

http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgilex/ratifce.pl?Cl59

I

1

.:.

45

.

.

1

(elopment R e p o r t Index

Total population (in thousands)

World Populatbn Pmsped me 2004 Revision

Population of persons with disabilities (in thousands)

Esbmeted by ESCAP SBQetarlataoowdlflg to fflc avaiabla data

Proportion of disabled populstion

Population end Hwdng Census of Bhutan-2005

Mnition of dkabilii

1980 WHO definition

Definitbn of persons with disabilities

NlA

Emplcyment rate of disabilities

NIA

pemns with

'

Access to education

The national coordination mechanism or disabNlr/ Kxal point

National Cowdinathlg Committee on Disability (NCCD) under Mlnisby d Health, established in 1999

N u m h of members and composition of

15 members from all relevant sectors

thn &cm

Q. lb

South and South-West Asia

National Efforts to Promote an Inclusive Sociei

Seaetartat note: 1980 lntematlonalClasslRcaUon ofimpairment Dibllity and Handicap (ICIDH) prwided a deRniUon by devising t h m terms: Impairment(reducedfunction of an organ or body pad); disability (reducedfunction andactMW ofa person) and hendicao (s0ci.L economic and cultural drcurnstances that place persois with impairment or disability at a disadvantagedative to their peisj. T& dannmon pmvided different dimensions of disabildy, but later was uitiuzed f u being dose to the medical model and not includlw anvimnmental factoo (i.e.. lsck of physical, InformaUonal accessibilny) as possibk causes of diibility.

T ndia 1

Human Development Index ranMng 2 OIitdl77

l 2 7 (2003)

Ibid.

1) Census 2002 amted in

Population of persons with dlsabllitles (in thousands)

Pmportion of disabled population

Definition of disability Definition of personswith disabilities

-..;rleyment

rate of

A person wlth resbEdions or l& of abilWes to pelfwm an acbdty inthe hener a withln the range consldeed normal fM a human belng was Preated as having disabilQ. It excluded lllness/injuy of recent origin (mobitity) resulting into tempomy 10% of abilky to see, hear, speak of move.

persons with

disabilities

national coordination mechanlun a lbility focal point :

Plumbers of membws and compDdtion of

the mechanism

Cenbal Coordination Committee (CCC) and Centr Executive Committee (CEC) under Minisby of Soch Iustlce and Empowerment(1997)

).lb

38 members h CCC and 22 m m b m in CEC

Q. lb

South and South-West Asia Leaidathre and Policr FramWork

.

.

..

l,'

.

: .,

. " .

Persons with Disabilities

(Equal Opportunities, Protealon of Rlgb and Full ParticQation) Act, 1995

. . .

~

,

:t

~,,

U.lgb

(1996)

National accesslbllitv standard

Guidelines and space standards for barrier-.environment for disabled and elderly persons (1998)

Q.=

GDP or entire national budget Annual budget allocated to the national coordination rnechanim

/

W

Commitment to Regional and International Policy Framework

Notes:

'

Introductionof the law also states that 7596 of persons with disabilities live in rural areas.

'

In addition to the law menuon here, 1992 RehabilitationCouncil of IndiaAd; l997 Mental HealthAct; 1999 NationelTrust forthe Weifare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and MulUpla Disabilities Ad exist to cover each theme. National Policy for Persons with Diabilitm was released February 2006.

' NationalPdicy also states that 49 per cent of disabled population is literate.

. /.96 (2003)

Human Devdownent Index ranking

Population of persons with disabilities

Estimaed by ESWIP secretariat accorrling to the *vaiIable daia

11

(In thousands2 .........

.~

.

.

~.

M

.

.

. . . . . . .

.

3.4% . .

-

. . .

Winltlon of d i i b i l i i

. . .

Winition of p e m s with disabilities Employment rate of disabi1i-

.

. . . .

.

p e m s with

.

N/A

. .

N/A

.

. .

.

.....

. .

,.

.........

N/A

Access to education

The national mordlnabion mechanism or disabiilty focal point

Ministry of Gender ~ami&' Lkvdopment and Soddl

Numbers of members and composition of the mechanism

N/A

m W

Comprehensive dlsabili law Disability-spedficanti-discrimination l q

....

' NlA

. . .

. . . . . .

....

-

..........

Q.%

............

........................................

. . . . .

. .

Q.lOb Qllb

.~.

South and South-West Asia National plan of action on disability

Annual budget dlocaed b the Mtlonal

lxwdmwnrnh

N/A

Human Develoornent Reoort Index ,

:;. . :, , . .

.

k

GDP per capita @p@,

2005

nunrilii Welopmerit lnd& ranking out of 177

136

Ibid.

Total population (in thousands)

27,678 (mid-2006)

World PopuMon P~mspec the 2004 Revwon

Populationof persons wlth disabilities (in thousands)

NIA

RoporUon of disabled population

1.6%

Definition of disability

hyA

I

Cm,'NPC end UNICEF Survey in 2 W I

of persons wkh disabilities

Employment rate of disabilities

persOllB .

W@ -

.

Access to education

PSR

~

under the Ministry of Women, Child Welfare established in 2000

ben of members and composition of

I

ntion on disability in constitution

L

mprehensive disability law

'

24 members from 7 Government and 17 from DPO

I n 1990, Attlde 11-2q9) stipulates that the shall fornulate polides in the area of eduot!q health and social security for the pmtection a d welfare of p m n s with disabilities. Disabled Pmmotlon and Welfare Act 1982

.

,,

. .,

~

1

0.Ib

. Q.* . 0 . lob

W

South and South-West South-West Asia Asia South Disability-specific anti-discrimination law

NIA

Q.llb

Sectoral areas Sectaal disability disability laws laws and and the the aress

Education; employment; employment; rehabilitation; rehabilitation; health; health; and and Edumtlon; social securitylsocial welfare social security/swial weifare

Q.9a Q.98

National plan of action on disability

NIA

Q.2b

Employment quota scheme

NIA

Q.30a

National accessibility standard

NIA

Q.32b

Standardized sign language

Yes

Q.34

Proportion of disability (social) spending to GDP or entire national budget Q.lb

Annual budget allocated to the national coordination mechanism

Commitment to Reaional and International Policv Framework Signatory to the Proclamation of the decade

Yes

http://www.unescap.org/esid/ psis/disabiiify

Ratification of ILO Convention 159

No

http://www.ilo.org/ilo/ex/cgiiex/ratifce.pi?Cl 59

Note:

Central Bureau Statistics (CBS). National Planning Commission (NPC)

62-53

Pakistan Human Development Report Index

Solme

WoMd Population Prospeas,

lbtal population (In thousands)

the 2004 Revislon l ) 19W Nation Census Report

2) WHO sunrey done in 1980's Ibid.

Pmpxtion of disabled population

Winition of disability I k f i n i i n of persons with disabilities

For the quota system, "disabled person" means a person, on a m n t of injury, direase or congenital deformity is handicapped in education or for undertaking am/ gainful professlon or employment in order to earn his livelihwd, and Includes a person who is blind, deaf, physically handicappedor fm&Gy retarded.

Employment rate of p m n s with disabilities

xess to education

At prewntonly 4% ofthe total number of shwi going age (approximately 25,060) studenk with dlsabHitles are endled in various schoob/centres of the country.

I

South and South-West Asia

Netiaqal Efforts to Promote an lnolurive Soclety

.. ,.-,. ..,

I

~ - . . . L .

.

~

.

.

.

Currently M n g dweteped.

11 Commitment

n Ctt¶saMmity (~odi~l) spmdlng m

An amount ot 5,221.5 million Pakistan Rupees nrw been skated to the Ministry of Sodal Wdfam and

special Educetlon.

sOwy

to the

Prodamation

af the

umxm r

m

!wwvof

Gwann.-- -.hbm

1933

de

'

Wote: lheMsaWedPersons FmpYoyment and RehaliWWmOrilRanceXL d f 7 W lsnoren~ngrevlsedso(hatthequotaforemploy~~&d disabled pemns will be changed from 1 to 2 per cent.

I

I I

Human Development Index ranking

W (2003)

wtofm

Population of persons with disabilities (in thousands)

9,1t6

Pmpwtion of disabled populaUon

12.3%

Definition of disability

F o r B a e h ~ S f d k e $ i f i D y 1 JM. ~ ~ Identified separate@. There were dusntc lllmesses, orthopedical, hearing, langu&p and s p & , visual, mental disability definitions,

Definition of persons with dlsabiliUes

Disabled persons refers to a group of people Who lost their physical, mental, psychological, emotional, and social abilities to an extent that prevent them meeting the demands of daily life because of diseases or accidents that either exist in birth W happen later in life and who needs special taw, protection, rehabilitation, guidance and support services.

Employment rate of disabilities

persons with

84.5 employment rate of disabled persons

'

~

a

c

t

~

t

Turkish StatlstkaI lnsbMe (TURKSTAT)

Access to education

N/A

The national wrdlnatim mechanism disability focal point

Prime Ministry Admlnishation for Dlsabled Peapie established in 1997

Daaw Law number

Numbws of membersand wmpmltio~ the mechanism

149 membets fmm vocational rehabilitation and employment; education; integration to Soda1 Ufe, orevention and medical services.

Administram for Disalea

fm.dagov.W

Ci

o

~

South and South-West Asia Mention on disabilii in wnstiMio&

&tide

50 sti~ulatesthat mentalbf and DhvSidl

general, besides the s p e c k protection among disabled people. Arbide 56 stipulates that State is responsible for providing social security of the dlsabied. Comprehensive disability law

5378 Law on Disability, adopted in 5 July 2005

Disabilityspecificantidiscrimination law

Law on Disability prepared on the legal ground of anti-discrimination

Sectorai disability laws and the areas

Mucatlon; employment; securtyIsocial welfare

building code;

social

National Efforts to Promote an Inclusive Societv

II

Employment quata xheme

n pflvate 4%in @It S&ctOr

(prevfoudy ln Lsw-W79), 1 8 W W

.

.*ntLaw

National actessibillty standard

hoportlon of disability (social) spending i@ GDP or entire national budget

1997,1985 Urban Development Legislation

1

Annual W g e t allocated to the natio

-

RatiRcation.BCI1Q Convention 159

Noles: Unemployment rate in able bodied population is 10.30% (TURKSTAT for year 2004); Unemproyment rate in people with disablllties (worWng age) is 15.46% (M02 Turkey Disability Survey)

~Conat~djm~Lew

Human D e v e l o ~ m e nR t e ~ o rIndex t

Snii~ce .

-t'-m ..,. ..,,

.I-puiationof persons with disabilitie?iI\' r thousands) 7 l&

'$

..

. .

.

. . ~..

.

~

..

. .

.~

~

,.

&T:

of disability

L-:&nition of perwns with disabilities

Employment rate of disabilities

420

Stab StatisticalA~cy,2O!l6

3.0%

Ibid.

Disability is Inabilityto implementcertain adions as a result of losing work ability

Law on sou'alprofecllon of dlsebled pemns

Disabled person is a person unable, partly or totally, to implement cectain actions as a result of losing workability due to illness, trauma or Inborndefect.

Law on swdalproiectim of dsabledPe-S

persons with

NIA

-

Acaess to education!

I 1

II 1

.. .

; ; *

portion of dlsabled population

I

.

.

The national cwrdination mechanism or disability focal point

Union of Voluntary Societies of D h Kazakhstan (1998).

Ntpbers of members and amomition of the mechanbl

18 pro~hdalsodeves members (In childrecr and women omanizations)

Mention on dlsabilii h mnstltutlon

Yes (1998)

12.76

Comprehensive disability law

Law On Social Pmtectbn Of Disabled P e m s adopted in Apttl2006

Q.106

Dlsabllh/-specmc antidiscrimination law

NIA

Q.llb

Sectofa1dmbiiity Mand rm areas

Employment; Rehabilitation; Pwerly alleviation; and

Q.9a

North and Central Asia National plan of action on disability

National Complex Program of Rehabilitation of Disabled Persons for 2006-2008, Regional programs

0.26

Employment quota scheme

3 % of quota for invalids from the total labour force of the country

0.30a

National accessibility standard

National Complex program on Rehabilitation of Invalids for 2006-2008; State Programme on Providing Equal Opportunities for Disabled People (1999).

Q.32b

Standardized sign language

Yes

0.34

Proportion of disability (social) spending to GDP or entire national budget

325% of GDP

Annual budget allocated to the national coordination mechanism

N/A

0.lb

Signatory to the Proclamation of the decade

N/A

http://www.unescap.org/esid/ psigdisability

Ratification of ILO Convention 159

No

hffp://www.;lo.o~~lole~/~gilex/ratifce.pl?C159

59

2003 SOAC Survey by M

1) For the 2003 Surny of Dkabll@, Ageing and C a m (SDAC), a person has a dhba#yif he/& has a hltation,

nstrictlon or immlrment, which has lasted. or k H W to la&, fc? at l& six n-mntb and everybay adivities. This Mudtr: loss of a h t (rot careded by glasses &id comet lenses); W d hearinp where ammunication kresmctetl, wanaldtoasktwith, or &Mute for, hearingis urcd; chmk or recurrant pain or dlscomfoft caW@rertrlction; nmarffv in learning or understanding; mental illness; head injury; Sroke or other brain damage; Incomplete rrre of faet or legs. 2) For the antidisuimination h,.disability., in &Uon m a person, means: (a) total or partial loss ofthe person's functions; or (b) total a pertiel bss of a bodllv or 1part b the body; or (c) the in the of organism cauPir~, disease or illness; or (d) the p m e m inth%bodyef~lvnscapabbofousingdbeaseor lllnca; or (e) the malfunction, maliMRaUon w dMguwnentofapartofthepefton'stody;or(f) a dtpwderorma)hmctrcnthatrrsultshthepnsonleamlng dtffenntly fmm a person without the disorder or malfunction; or (g) a diswda, itillness or dlseasc that sfkctFa person'sthght processes, pmeptbnof Wlty, ernoUm or Judgnmt a that resultr in dktuW behaviour; and Indudes a disaMlity that: (h) recentty exists; or (l) prevtoudy exEsted but no longer ex&; or 0) In the Mure; or (k) h hputed to a mm. may millon of perm6 with disabilities lployment r&e

d perm6 with dkaMUtks

NIA

Of persons aged 15 to 64 years, empbyment ram for disabled persons is 53% whik fa&wwalpnputatiDn rate Is 80.6%:

Pacific

Mumbers of members and winpasition of the

Mne Governments:

Australian &emment,

fhe skater,

ofNew South Wales, Wctona, Queensland, South Ambalia[, Western Aubalia and Tasmania, @e q q t b n Ser&!y

A&

and Ausbalian Capital Territory.

1

Mention on dlsaMllty in mns€WM

Sectoral disabiQ laws and the a-

0.7b

Edmtlon; employment; rehabilitation; health; Wartnation and bchmhp; buUdlng ale; WanspMtation; poverty alledatbn; social securty~sociaiwaifare.

Q.9n

-mNarional amessibilky standard Yes

1

Sbnatow to the Rochamation of the dead(

IWW

' Ausbet$n h

u df31slrstles rABSY~uwayofDlWMy, Agehg mdOsrcmr(~~C). The rate for male Is 19.8 per cent while the rate for female is 20.1 per cenL Of those wlth no dlsablllty. the mspedhm rate am 49 and 20 per cent.

l

[ 'ook Islands

World Population Prospec: the 2004 Revision

Total population (in thousands)

18 (mid-2006)

Population of persons with disabilities (In thousands)

NIA

Proportion of disabled population

0.7%

NationalDiabilify Databa:

Definition of disability

NIA

Q.m

Deflnltion of pemns with dlsabillties

One who has a form of impairment/d'ibilily whether physical, mental w intellectual and whose behaviour

Q.20

is abnormal at times.

Employment rabe. af perxrns with disabilities .~ .,

-.

.

....

..

,

., . -.-

.

......

!

. . - . ,.. , . . . .

,

...

,

,

W

...,, , . , .

.....

...

...

.

~ . ,

,

. . -

.::-.

Comprehensive disability law

NIA

Q.fOb

Disabllb,'-spedfic antidixrimination law

NIA

Q.iib

!%ctoial disabillty laws and the areas

Buildlng code

Q.&

National plan of action on disability

Cook Islands National M n n Plan (2003)

Q.26

.--.L

..... ~,.-.

GP

Pacific National Efforts to Promote an Inclusive Societv Employment quota scheme

N/A

0.30a

National accessibility standard

National Building Code (1992)

0.3Zb

Standardized sign language

N/A

0.34

Proportion of disability (social) spending to GDP or entire national budget

N/A

Ministry Budget 2005/06

Annual budget allocated to the national coordination mechanism

For personnel and operations of the division only but not for rest of program

Ibid.

Signatory to the Proclamation of the decade

2000

h t t p : / / w w .unescap.org/esid/ psiddisability

Ratification of ILO Convention 159

No

http://www.i/o.org/ilolex/cgilex/ratifce,pl?C159

Fiji GDP per capita (ppp)

US$5,880 (2003)

Human Development Report 2005

Human Development Index ranking out of 177

92 (2003)

Ibid.

Total population (in thousands)

854 (mid-2006)

........-.. Population Populationof ofpersons personswith w B disabilities d"ibUb

(in (In thousands) thousands)

-

Definition Definitionof of disability disability

.....

......

Definition of persons with disabilities

Employment

.

rate

of

.

.

. . . . . . . . . .

-

, . - . S--

j 12 12'

persons with

!

.

...-

Proportion Pmportionof of disabled disabled population population

World Population Prospects, the 2004 Revision

N/A N/A

.

~

~

... .

-

- ..,

,

Poouiation 1996 n b o p ~ ~ Census ocensus n is@

1

.....................................

NIA NIA

: Q.20

... ., ..

"Disabled persons" means persons, who as a result of physical, mental or sensory impairment are restricted or lacking in ability to perform an activity in ~e manner considered normal for human beings.

1994 Fui National Council for Disabled Persons Act (FNCDP) both policy and data collection purpose

NIA

disabilities Access to education

NIA

The national coordination mechanism or disability focal point

Fiji National Council for Disabled Persons (1994)

O.lb

Numbers N u m hof of members membwsand andcomposition compositionof of the mechanism the mechanism

15 members 15multi-sectoral mu-ml membersfrom hGovernment Gowmmentand andNGOs NMls

0Q.1b .lb

Mention on disability in constitution

The 1997 Constitution of the Republic of the Fiji Islands Section 38 (2) further prohibits people from unfairly discriminating, directly or indirectly, against other persons on a number of grounds including disability, Section 38 (4) states that people with disabilities have right of access to all pubiicplaces, Section 38 (5)states that proprietorsof public places must facilitate reasonable access for people with disabilities. Section 39 stipulates that every person has the right to basic education and equal access to educational institutions, including people with disabilities who cannot be discriminated against on the basis of their disability and refused access or admission accordingly to a place of education.

0.76

w

Pacific Comprehensive disability law

N/A

0 .lob

Disability-specific anti-discrimination law

N/A

Q.llb

Sectoral disability laws and the areas

Education; employment; health; building code; transportation; poverty alleviation; social security/social welfare

Q.9a

National plan of action on disability

N/A

'

Q.26

Employment quota scheme

N/A

'

Q.30a

National accessibility standard

National Building Code (1979)

0 3Zb

Standardized sign language

Yes

Q.34

Proportion of disability (social) spending to GDP or entire national budget

$ 150,000 for 2005 and 170,000 for 2006

Annual budget allocated to the national coordination mechanism

N/A

Q.lb

Signatory to the Proclamation of the decade

1993

h t t p : / / w . onescap.org/esid/ psiddisability

Ratification of ILO Convention 159

1 December 2004

http://www.ilo.org~lolex/cgilex/ratifce.pl?C159

Notes: Noles:

''

Being mainstreamed mainstreamed into Into Ministry's Mlnlstty's Strategic Plans Being Currentlyproposed law. law, "Employment 'Employment Relations Bill 2005"Insludesa Currently 2005 includes a provisionon on aa minimum minimumquota quotaof of22percent per centfor forphysically physicallydisabled disabled at aa company employing more than 50 workers. persons at Fijiandollars dollars Fijian

al population (in thousands)

101 (mid-2006)

~llatronof persons with dlsabilies

3.8

thousands) nuportion of disabled populatiorr Definition of .disaMliW

Perx,ns with hearing or visual impairment, mental

health pmbtems, phydai andlor inteliedual , diabiiity

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:

Wk

..................

......

. . . .

Q.20

..............................

1).m** umbrella ministry for

KiffbatiNa6ionalDisabIIhy S m Y . 2m.4

. . . . . . . . . . .

am

.~.

2) Disability Action Committee, cdmmittee for all stakeholders involved in disability issues; 3) Te Toa Matoa, NGO of and for people with disabilities. Numbers of members end composition of the mechanism

.

:,

-

disabilitv law

. . . .-

.....S

,

O.lb

'

!

. &arehenaive

Dlsabiilty Actbn Committee core gmup of 7 representing Te Toa Matoa, the Disabled School, ministries, dvil society and church groups with

NIA

.... ...-.-

... -.

. -...........................

-

.

&Fk , . 10.1Ob

- ...............

I

Pacific

I

ancial Commitment W tk.2 Pmporltonof dh

GDP or entire n Annual budget allacabed to the national

N/A

Ratifiwtion Of ILO ConvenBm 159

No

Solomon Islands velopment R e p o r t Index

lP '

Source

W d Pqouaflon P m s p

population (in thousands)

the 2004 Revision

rnulation of persons with disabilities @?I thousands) Ptmportion of disabled population &@nitionof disability nition of persons with disabilities Employment disabilities

rate of

persons with

Acatss to education

~ ~ C O o r d ~ ~ r r l mehatConatamatnab~nipnrismmm@ M n w ability focal point being developed. Currentfocal points are Ministryof Health and Medical Services, CBR program and Solomon Islands Red Cross. Numben of members and composition of the mechanism

N/A

Ganprehemive disability law

Currently being developed

Disability-sped& anti-discrimination law

N/A

Sectoral disability laws and the aieas

Q.1b

I

Pacific National PIatlonal plan dan of of action aactlon on on disability dlrabilitv

National Policy on on Dlsabilitv. Disability, 2005-2010 2005-2010 National Policv

Q.2b

Employment quota scheme

N/A

Q.30a

National accessibility standard

N/A

Q.326

Standardized sign language

N/A

0.34

Proportion of disability (social) spending to GDP or entire national budget

N/A

Annual budget allocated to the national coordination mechanism

SBD 698,000.00 for CBR activities in 2006

Q.lb

Signatory to the Proclamation of the decade

1994

hllp://ww. unescap.org/esid/ psis/disabilily

Ratification of ILO Convention 159

No

hnp://www.ilo org/ilolex/cgilex/ralifce.pl?C159

References I n this section, we have listed some useful websites related to the disability-related data and information in an alphabetical order. Asian Pacific Disabiiity Development Centre (APCD) htt~:lIwww.a~cdomiect.or~ Country Profile: h t t ~ : / / w w . a ~ c d ~ r o i e c t . o r a / c o u n t r v ~ r o f i l l ILO Ability Asia htCD:/lwww.iio.oral~ublic/enalish/reaion/asro/banako~abiliW/ Standards and legislation htt~:llwww.ilo.oral~ublic/enalishlreaion/asro/bnako~abiliW/~ndards.htm Source (International Information Support Centre) httD:ll~~~.aSkso~r~e.inf~L Dictionary of key resources on disabiltty, inclusion and development htt~://www.asksource.info/res libraw/disabiiitv.htm The World Bank and Disability htto:llweb.worldbank.ora~WBSITE/EXTERNAUTOPICSlE~SO~~ROTE~ONl~DE~I~/O.~m enuPK:282704-waePK:149018-~iPK:149093-theSitePK:282699.00.htm~ Data and Statistics

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Division of Social Policy and Development, Disabiiity htt~:l/ww.un.oralesa/s~~dev/enableL Resources ~tt~:/lwww.un.ora/esaI~cdevlenabie/resource~.htm

Annex This is a copy of a Questionnaire distributed by the ESCAP secretariat since April 2004 to disability focal points in our member/associate member states, 23 questions selected for the Profile is marked with * below.

Questionnaire on the implementation of the Biwakn Millennium Framework fcr Action towards an Inclusive. Barrier-free and Ri~hts-hasedSocietv for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific IBMQ

This questionnaireon the implementation of the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an inclusiie, Barrier-free and ~ights-basedSociety for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF) is an anemDt to receive feedback on the current oroeress in the im~lementationofthe BMF ~rioritv areas and strategids from governments andNGOs in t6e &ion. The responses to the questionn&e wiil assist us in deviloping a &t of baseline data and indicators to measure RMF achievements for the Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons. 2003-2012. Should you wish to utilize an on-line format, you are welcome to do so by accessing our Web site at hnD:/lwww.unesca~.ordesid/~sis/disabiliWlindex.as~

Please provide information about the respondent. Country: MinisqDepartment/Organizatioo:

Contact person/Focal point:

MrMs

Title: Telephone No: Fax No: E-mail address: Website of your Ministry1 Departmenu Organization: Mailing address:

I

Date of your response: (Date)

I (Month)

(rear)

Please answer each of the following questions. I. National commitmentfor disabiliv matters National mechanism

'1-a. Do you have any national coordination mechanism on disability in your country? yes

* I-b.

( )

No

( )

Currently being developed

If "yes" in l-a., please indicate: Name of the mechanism ( Year of establishment C Number of members in the mechanism ( Composition of the mechanism ( Name of the focal point ( Annual budget allocated for the mechanism, if any (

) ) ) ) )

l-c. If "no" in l-a., please indicate a focal point for disability matters in your country.

Nationalplan of' action

*2-a. Do you have any national plan of action concerning the BMF implementation? Yes

()

No

( )

Currently being developed

2-b. If "yes" in 2-a., please attach a copy (or indicate a website for an electronic copy) and indicate: Name of the action plan ( 1 Year of enactment ( ) Brief description of the plan (including duration covered by the plan)

Annual budget allocated to implement the plan

2-c.

Please indicate areas covered by the action plan (check all that apply): Self-help organizat~onsof persons with disabilities and related family and parent assocrations Women with disabilities Early detection, early intervention and education Training and employment, including self-employment Access to built environments and public transport Access to information and communications, including information, communication and assistive technologies Poverty alleviation through capacity-building, social security and sustainable livelihood programme Human rights of persons with disabilities Community-based approach (i.e., C.B.R) Data collection Public awareness Others (please specify)

Actions to implement the BMF 3-a.

Is a translation of the BMF in your native language available in your counhy? If yes, please attach a copy (or indicate a website for an electronic copy). yes

3-b.

(

1

No

( )

Currently being translated

(

Please indicate other actions taken so far to promote and implement the targets and strategies of the BMF (check all that apply): National decree/diicrive on BMF implementation Development of a national year of disabled persons Development of a national decade of disabled persons Events/publicationsto promote public awareness Establishment of subregional mechantsm to implement the BMF Increase in the budget allocated to disab~litymatters (please specify the percentage increase in the amount of allocation) Increase in the number of government personnel assigned to disability matters (please specify the number) Establishment/amendment of laws (please specify) Others (please specify)

( ( ( ( (

) ) )

)

I.

Please briefly describe a significant example indicating your country's commitment to BMF implementation.

II. Mainstreaming of disabiliiy issues in policy i.

Please indicate your country's policy that includes concerns of pasons with disabilities in any of the following areas (check all that apply): ( Economic and social development Education and training ( Poverty reduction ( Employment ( Transportation ( Infrastructure access ( Information and communication technology ( Medical treatment (including rehabilitation and early intervention) ( Gender .l Others (please specify)

III. Legislation International conventionfor persons with disabilities I.

Does your government support the work of the United Nations Ad Hoc Committee on a Comprehensive and Integral Convention on Protection and Promotion of the Rights and Dignity of Persons with Disabilities, which was established by the United Nations General Assembly resolution 561168 of 19 December 2001 to consider proposals for a proposed international convention on disability? No position

( )

7-a. Does your constitution include any articles on disability? yes ( ) NO ( ) Currently being developed 7-b. If "yes" in 7-a., please attach a copy (or indicate a website for an electronic copy) and indicate: Relevant article nurnheds) ) Year of enactmentlarnendment ( Brief characterization of the articles

Integration of disabiliw concerns a.

Has your government integrated concerns of persons with disabilities into any ofthe following generic laws (check all that apply)?: Anti-discrimination law ( ) Education (1 Employment ( ) Health ( ) lnformation and technology ( ) Building and housing ( ) Transportation ( ) Poverty alleviation ( ) Social security ( ) Gender ( ) Others (please specify) Sectoral lawsfor persons wiih disabilities

9-a. Does your government have any disability-s~ecificsectoral laws in any one or more of categories below? Please attach a copy or indicate a website for an electronic copy (check all that apply): Education (i.e., special education law) Employment (i.e., quota scheme orland employment promotion law) Rehabilitation (i.e., CBR) Health (i.e., early intervention law) Information and technology (i.e., accessible ICT) Building code (i.e., accessible standards) Transportation (i.e., accessibility law) Poverty alleviation Social securitylsocial welfare(i.e., disability pension) Others (please specify) 9-b. Please indicate disability areas covered by the laws you chose in "9-a" (check all that apply): Disabilitv areas: Physical disabilities Visual impairment Hearing impairment Intellectual disabilities Psychiatric disabilities Others (please specify) Please provide us an example of coverage( i.e., employment promotion law for physically and visually disabled persons only).

(1 ( ( ( ( ( (

) ) ) ) ) )

(1 ( )

(1 ( )

(1 (1 ( )

Comprehensive law for persons with disabilities 10-a. Do you have any comprehensive disability law? Currently being developed 10-b. If "yes" in 10-a., please attach a copy (or indicate a website for an electronic copy) and indicate: . Name of the law (

)

Year of enachnentlamendment

(

)

IO-c. If "yes" in 10-a., please indicate areas that the com~rehensivelaw for Dersons with disabilities covers (check all that apply): Self-help organizations of persons with disabilities and related family and parent associations ( ) Women with disabilities (1 Early detection, early intervention and education (1 Training and employment, including self-employment (1 Access to built environments and nublic transnort i) Access to information and communicat~ons,including information, communication and assistivc technologies )

Poverty alleviation through capacity-building, social security and sustainable livelihood programme Human rights of persons with disabilities Community-based approach (i.e., C.B.R) Data collection Public awareness Others (please specify)

( )

(1

( ) ( ) ( )

Disabiliw-specific anti-discrimination law I La. Do you have any disability-specific anti-discrimination law?

11-b. If "yes" In I La., please attach a copy (or indicate a website for an electronic copy) and indicate: Name of the law ( Year of the enactment/amendment ( Brief characterization of the law

ll-c. What are the enforcement mechanisms of the comprehensive and sectoral laws you indicated above? (check all that apply): Filing complaint

Administrative hearing Investigation of a case Judicial procedure Penalty for failure to comply Others (please specify)

( ) ( ) ( )

(1

Partkipation of persons with disabilities 12.

Please indicate whether your government has established any mechanism to include persons with disabilities in either or both of the below (check all that apply): (a) Formulation or monitoring of any of the above-mentioned laws (b) Process of elaborating a proposed international convention on disability Brief description of mechanism

I% 13.

Disabilily statistics availablefor planning purposes

What collection vehicles do your government use for collecting disability statistics?

(1

Registers Population censuses Sample surveys Others (please specify)

() ( )

14.

What government agency or minishy is the main data collector? (please indicate name and address)

15.

Are the following main categories of data available in your counhy Total population of disabled persons desegregated -by categories of disability - b y age - by m r a h b a n residence - by level of education -by employment status by types of employment by income categories

-

16.

For what year(s) are the above data available?

(check all that apply):

17

in ZOO1 your government endorsed the new Intemat~unalClassification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) frum the World Health Organizat~on,has it been applied yct? For some applications

18.

( )

Does your government use the Guidelines and Prmciplesfbr the Development ofDisability Statistics issued by the UN in 2001? yes

(

1

No

( )

For some applications

( )

*19. What is the prevalence of disability in your country? Percentage: Source: *20. What is the current definition of disability used in your country for purposes of data collection?

Y. BMFpriority areas I. Self-help organizations ofpersons with disabilities and relntedfamily and parent associations 21-a. Do you have any national cross-disability self-help organizations? Yes

(

1

No

(

1

21-b. If "yes" in 21-a., please indicate: Name of the organization ( Year of establishment ( Name and contact address of the focal point

) )

21-c. Please indtcate the types of support provided by your government for self-help organizations (check all that apply): Financial assistance In-kind donation Preferred contract with the organization Provision of human resources Tax-exempt~on Others (please specify)

( ) ( ) ( )

1

( )

2. Women with disabilities ~ 2 . Please indicate types of support your government provides for mainstreaming and development of women with disabilities (check all that apply): Affumative action for women with disabilities (please specify where) Development of network of women with disabilities Inclusion of women with disabilities in a policy coordinating mechanism on women Promotion of women with disabilities in national women's organization Provision of leadership training Others (please specify)

( ) ( )

(1 ( )

3. Early detection, early intervention and education

23.

Does your government have disability prevention services within overall health programmes? Yes

24.

15.

Currently being developed

( )

( )

Does your government provide rehabilitation services? ( )

No

( )

Currently being developed

Does your government have CBR services? Yes

27.

No

Does your government provide any early detection and intervention services? ( ) Only detection services Yes, both ( ) Neither Only intervention services ( ) Currently being developed

Yes 26.

( )

( )

No

(

1

Currently being developed

Please indicate forms of education your government support for children with disabilities (check all that apply): Inclusive educatmn 1 Education in separate and specialized institutions ) Both 1 Others (please specify) 4. Training and employmenf, including self-mployment

28.

Do you have any vocational rehabilitation and employment services for persons with disabilities? Are they in specialized institution andor as a part of mainstream institut~ons? yes ( ) No Specialized institutions ( )

( )

Currently being developed Mainstream institutions ( )

( )

29.

Please indicate all forms of workiemployment your government promotes for persons with disabilities(check all that apply): Open employment Sheltered employment Supported employment Social enterprises Self-employment Others (please specify)

*30-a. Please indicate the measures used by your government aimed at promoting employment of persons with disabilities (check all that apply): Anti-discrimination measures Cost subsidy for personal and technical supports (Le, personal assistant, sign language interpreters, job coach) Quota scheme Micro creditismall grant for self-employment Preferential access to specificjobs Vocational guidance (i.e, job search training, information provision) Preferential contract to products/se~icesby persons with disabilities Reasonable adaptations (is, physical accessibility of work place, jobitraining redesign Tax exemption Wage subsidies Trial employment Others (please specify)

( )

(1 ( ) ( )

(1 (1 (1

(1 ( )

(1 (1

30-b. If '+yes" for quota scheme in 30-a., please indicate if the scheme applies the following (check all that apply): Levy for fa~lureto satisfy the quota Incentives for employers (i.e, tax credits) .Enforcement mechanism for failure to pay levy Public dissemination of information on non-compliance Others (please specify) 31.

Has your country ratified ILO convention 159 concerning Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons) 1983 Yes

( ) (please indicate the year of ratification)

No

( )

( )

(1 ( )

(1

S. Access to built environments andpublic transport

*32-a. Do you have any accessibility standards for public facilities, infrastructure and transport?

32-b. If 'les" in 32 -a., please indicate: Name of the standards ( Year of enactment ( Brief description of the standards

73.

) )

Please indicate measures taken by your government to implement accessibility for physical environment and transport (check all that apply): Subsidy for accessibility renovation Award given to accessible structure Inclusion of Universal Design concept in professional course in landscape, architecture and engineering Others (please specify)

( )

() ( )

6. Access to information and eommuniccrtions, including information, communication and ossistive technologies *34. Please indicate the measure taken in your country to promote access to information,

-

communications. includiie information and communication and assistive technoloeies (check all that apply): Establishment of national lawlthe guidelinedstandards on information accessibility Computer-literacy traming and capacity building for persons with disabilities Dissemination of public information in accessible format Establishment of 1CT accessibility focal point Standardized sign language Unified Braille Code at the national level Closed/open captioning on TV Incentives for buying accessible computers/assistive technology Others (please specify)

( ) ( )

(1 () ( )

( )

1) ( )

7. Poverty alleviation through capacity-building, social security and sustainable livelihood programmes

35.

Please indicate all actions taken by your government to alleviate poverty experienced by persons with disabilities (check all that apply:) Programmes targeted at rural persons with disabilities Implementation of social protection schemes ( i.e., provision of health insurance/subsidy) Development of self-help organizations in rural and poor urban areas Employment promotion Others (please specify)

36.

( )

(1 ( ) ( )

Does your government have community-oriented approach towards rehabilitation, mining and overall empowerment of persons with disabilities? Currently being developed

( )

Technical cooperation

37-a. What types of technical cooperation would your government be ~ntcrestedin providmg and I or receiving in implementing the BMF priority areas and stratebics'? Please indicate all that apply: Modality of technical coo~eration: Financial contribution Human resource contribution Technology transfer Pmvision of ttaininglcapacity building Disability impact assessment Disability mainstreaming into a project Disability budgeting Others (please specify)

Provide

Receive

(1 (1

( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )

1)

(1 ( )

( ( ( (

) ) ) )

37-b. Which area of technical cooperation would your government be interested in providing and101 receiving? Please indicate all that apply: Provide Rehabilitation Education Housing Accessibility Employment

(1

Information and commun~cation Policy formulation Others (please specify)

( ) ( )

Open-ended question

Please use a space below if you would like to describe s~gnificantexamples of progress made on the BMF implementation or to make any further comment on any matter.

THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR COOPERATION!