Patrick Moore's Practical Astronomy Series
Other Titles in This Series Navigating the Night Sky How to Identify the Stars and Constellations Guilherme de Almeida Observing and Measuring Visual Double Stars Bob Argyle (Ed.) Observing Meteors, Comets, Supernovae and other transient Phenomena Neil Bone Human Vision and The Night Sky How to Improve Your Observing Skills Michael P. Borgia How to Photograph the Moon and Planets with Your Digital Camera Tony Buick Practical Astrophotography Jeffrey R. Charles Pattern Asterisms A New Way to Chart the Stars John Chiravalle Deep Sky Observing The Astronomical Tourist Steve R. Coe Visual Astronomy in the Suburbs A Guide to Spectacular Viewing Antony Cooke Visual Astronomy Under Dark Skies A New Approach to Observing Deep Space Antony Cooke Real Astronomy with Small Telescopes Step-by-Step Activities for Discovery Michael K. Gainer The Practical Astronomer’s Deep-sky Companion Jess K. Gilmour Observing Variable Stars Gerry A. Good
Observer’s Guide to Stellar Evolution The Birth, Life and Death of Stars Mike Inglis Field Guide to the Deep Sky Objects Mike Inglis Astronomy of the Milky Way The Observer’s Guide to the Southern/ Northern Sky Parts 1 and 2 hardcover set Mike Inglis Astronomy of the Milky Way Part 1: Observer’s Guide to the Northern Sky Mike Inglis Astronomy of the Milky Way Part 2: Observer’s Guide to the Southern Sky Mike Inglis Observing Comets Nick James and Gerald North Telescopes and Techniques An Introduction to Practical Astronomy Chris Kitchin Seeing Stars The Night Sky Through Small Telescopes Chris Kitchin and Robert W. Forrest Photo-guide to the Constellations A Self-Teaching Guide to Finding Your Way Around the Heavens Chris Kitchin Solar Observing Techniques Chris Kitchin How to Observe the Sun Safely Lee Macdonald The Sun in Eclipse Sir Patrick Moore and Michael Maunder Transit When Planets Cross the Sun Sir Patrick Moore and Michael Maunder (continued at the end of the book)
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects A Complete Global Resource for Astronomers
Jeff A. Farinacci
Includes CD-ROM
Jeff A. Farinacci
[email protected]
Patrick Moore's Practical Astronomy Series ISSN 1617-7185 ISBN 978-1-387-72850-6
e-ISBN 978-0-387-72851-3
Library of Congress Control Number: 2007934533 © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY-10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. The star charts in this book were created by Chris Marriott’s SkyMap Pro. For more information, see http://www.skymap.com Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com
To my first teachers: my parents. They taught me to read, encouraged me at critical moments, and gave me the opportunity to develop my abilities. I shall be eternally indebted to them.
Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . About the Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Description of the Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Running the Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Note on the Deep Sky Object List file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . How to read the Output file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 3 3 5 8 8
The Constellations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Andromeda, Princess of Ethiopia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Antlia, the Air Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apus, the Bird of Paradise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aquarius, the Water Bearer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aquila, the Eagle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ara, the Altar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aries, the Ram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Auriga, the Charioteer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Boötes, the Bear Driver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Caelum, the Sculptor’s Chisel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Camelopardalis, the Giraffe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cancer, the Crab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canes Venatici, the Hunting Dogs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canis Major, the Big Dog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38
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Canis Minor, the Little Dog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capricornus, the Sea Goat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carina, the Ship’s Keel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cassiopeia, Queen of Ethiopia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Centaurus, the Centaur. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cepheus, King of Ethiopia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cetus, the Whale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chamaeleon, the Chameleon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Circinus, the Compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Columba, the Dove . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coma Berenices, the Hair of Queen Berenice of Egypt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corona Australis, the Southern Crown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corona Borealis, the Northern Crown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corvus, the Crow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Crater, the Cup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Crux, the Southern Cross . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cygnus, the Swan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delphinus, the Dolphin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dorado, the Swordfish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Draco, the Dragon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equuleus, the Foal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eridanus, the River . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fornax, the Furnace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gemini, the Twins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grus, the Crane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hercules, the Warrior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Horologium, the Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hydra, the Water Serpent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hydrus, the Sea Serpent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indus, the American Indian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lacerta, the Lizard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leo, the Lion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leo Minor, the Smaller Lion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lepus, the Hare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Libra, the Scales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lupus, the Wolf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lynx, the Lynx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lyra, the Lyre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mensa, the Table Mountain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Microscopium, the Microscope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monoceros, the Unicorn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Musca, the Fly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Norma, the Carpenter’s Square . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Octans, the Octant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ophiuchus, the Serpent Holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Orion, the Great Hunter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pavo, the Peacock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pegasus, the Flying Horse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 100 102 104 106 108 110 112 114 116 118 120 122 124 126 128 130 132 134
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Perseus, the Hero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phoenix, the Firebird . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pictor, the Painter’s Easel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pisces, the Fishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Piscis Austrinus, the Southern Fish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Puppis, the Ship’s Stern. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pyxis, The Ship’s Compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reticulum, the Reticle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sagitta, the Arrow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sagittarius, the Archer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scorpius, the Scorpion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sculptor, the Sculptor’s Workshop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scutum, the Shield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Serpens Caput, the Serpent’s Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Serpens Cauda, the Serpent’s Tail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sextans, the Sextant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Taurus, the Bull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telescopium, the Telescope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Triangulum, the Triangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Triangulum Australe, the Southern Triangle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tucana, the Toucan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ursa Major, the Great Bear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ursa Minor, the Smaller Bear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vela, the Ship’s Sail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Virgo, the Maiden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Volans, the Flying Fish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vulpecula, the Fox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
136 138 140 142 144 146 148 150 152 154 156 158 160 162 164 166 168 170 172 174 176 178 180 182 184 186 188
Constellations near the meridian in January . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Constellations near the meridian in February . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Constellations near the meridian in March. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Constellations near the meridian in April . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Constellations near the meridian in May. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Constellations near the meridian in June . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Constellations near the meridian in July . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Constellations near the meridian in August . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Constellations near the meridian in September . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Constellations near the meridian in October . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Constellations near the meridian in November . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Constellations near the meridian in December . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195
About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Introduction
When is the best time to see the Andromeda Galaxy, known also as M31? What about M42, the Great Nebula in Orion? That depends on several factors. First, where you are on the planet Earth, second, what time of year it is, and third, when you like to do your observing. The best time to see anything through our atmosphere is when the sky object is near the meridian, the imaginary line that runs through the North Pole point in the sky, through the zenith (the point directly overhead), and through the South Pole point in the sky (which will be below the horizon for Northern Hemispherians). Let’s examine these three factors individually. Since the Earth is roughly spherical, and since we have divided it up into roughly 24 time zones to match the 24 hour clock we use, where you are on the Earth is important. You will see a different sky if you were standing on the North Pole than if you were standing on the South Pole. Also, since the Earth rotates in a continuous fashion and the time zones are quantized, this also creates a problem. For example, say you were twenty feet east of the imaginary line which divides two time zones, and you had a partner with whom you were in contact that was forty feet west of you, so that they were twenty feet west of the time zone line. Hence, their clock would measure one hour earlier than yours, so that when a certain star crossed the meridian, they would record it an hour earlier than you did, even though the two of you saw this passage at virtually the same instant. Likewise, if you were on the far eastern edge of a time zone and you had a partner on the far western edge of the same time zone, you would record the meridian passage of a star nearly an hour earlier than your partner. So, it matters where on the Earth you stand. 1
2
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
Next, the time of year matters since in summer, the night-time side of the Earth faces 180° opposite of the direction the night-time side faces six months later, so that different stars are visible at a certain time of night. That means that the stars you could see at midnight in July are close to the Sun in January, and thus, can’t be seen. Finally, when you like to observe the Universe is also important. Do you prefer to drag the scope out just before bedtime, or are you an early bird, and you like to get up a few hours before dawn? Stars that are coming up in the East just after sunset are setting in the West in the hours before dawn. So, since the meridian provides the best spot to see things, when the sky object crosses this line is the best time. If you are a night owl, you will get the pleasure of seeing the object a few months later than if you were an early bird. Truly, the early bird does catch the nebula. So, how does one use the charts in this book? For all the charts, the horizontal center of the graph represents midnight (more or less, again depending upon where you are in the time zone). The top of the graph and the bottom of the graph both represent 12:00 Noon. The horizontal axis represents the days throughout the year. You will see a shaded area across the bottom that bulges upwards in the middle of the year. This represents afternoon daylight with the top of the curve representing sunset. Mirror-image to this across the top is another shaded area that bulges downward. This represents morning daylight with the bottom curve representing dawn. Note that no correction is made for Daylight Saving Hours, only standard hours. Look at the first chart for Andromeda. For this chart and all charts, you will see lines that slope downward from left to right. For most constellations, these lines represent the times when the constellation is rising, crossing the meridian, or setting. How does one determine these times for constellations which represent extended (i.e., not point) objects? The author took an approximate central point to the constellation and used this point to determine the times. Looking at Andromeda, you see that it crosses the meridian shortly after sunset time in early to mid January, and finally sets at roughly 2 a.m. So if you wanted to see Andromeda at 4 a.m., you would be out of luck. But if you wanted to see Andromeda at 9 p.m., you could see it heading down in the West. Let’s say that you are a night owl and want to see Andromeda between the hours of 10 p.m. and midnight, close to the meridian. October and November are your best months to see it. If you were an early bird and wanted to see it between the hours of 3 a.m. and 5 a.m., then mid-July to mid-September is your best bet, and since this is after the “rising” line, this will be on the Eastern side of the sky. You will also notice that for Andromeda, there is a grayed-out section sloping down from January to the middle of August. These sloping grayed-out areas are after the constellation has set and before it has risen, so it can’t be seen. In general, any grayed-out section is a time when the constellation can’t be seen, either due to daylight or being hidden by Earth. Now, some constellations are circumpolar (such as Ursa Minor, if you’re far enough North). In these cases, there are no “rising” or “setting” lines, just the “meridian” line. For the constellation drawings in the book, North is approximately up on the page. (I say approximately because for constellations that take up a large portion of the celestial sphere, North for the East end is at a different angle than for the West end, since the drawings are projections on a flat page and come from a sphere). The only three exceptions are Eridanus, Orion and Scorpius, where North points
Introduction
3
to the left side of the page. Included with each constellation rendering is a table of the stars and their positions and magnitudes, as well as a table of Deep sky objects, (all 110 Messier objects, 453 NGC, 1 Collinder cluster, 1 Melotte Cluster and the Large Magellanic Cloud, for a total of 566) brighter than tenth magnitude, as well as their sky positions and magnitudes.
About the Software The CD-ROM accompanying this book has software written by the author. This software allows the user to determine what Deep Sky Objects (DSOs) are above the horizon for a time determined by the user. This CD-ROM contains the following files: 1. deepsky.exe This is the executable program. deepsky.exe requires the following three files to work. 2. DeepSkyObjectList.txt This is a text file that contains the database of the DSOs used by deepsky.exe. 3. location.dat This is a text file that contains the user’s geographic location. This file is described in detail below. 4. deltaT.dat This is a text file that contains the difference between the Earth’s Dynamical Time and Universal Time. This file is also described in detail below. When the program deepsky.exe is run, it produces a file named DSO.dat, which is a text file that tells the user what DSOs are above the horizon for the location described in location.dat at the time input to the program. This file tells the user the name of the DSO, what constellation it is in, what kind of DSO it is (galaxy, star cluster, nebula), its sky location (Right ascension and Declination, as well as the Azimuth and Elevation), the visual magnitude, the angular diameter in arc-minutes, and a brief textual description of the DSO. Such a file allows a user to quickly and easily plan a night’s observing session, whether it be after sunset, during the middle of the night, or before sunrise. The Azimuth in DSO. dat is to be regarded as a compass direction, measured in degrees. Azimuth = 0 is North, 90 is East, 180 is South, 270 is West. Elevation is the angular distance above the horizon, also measured in degrees. Thus, Elevation will range between 0 (right on the horizon) to 90 (being at the zenith point, directly overhead). If a DSO has an Azimuth of 105 degrees and an Elevation of 20 degrees, then the sky location of the DSO (at that given moment) is 20 degrees above the horizon spot that is 15 degrees South of East.
Description of the Files The file location.dat contains the geographic information of the user’s viewing location. This file can contain the geolocation information for many different spots, but only the first spot is used by the deepsky.exe program. If the user has several different spots from which they may do some observing, then the data may be kept in the file (recommendation: leave several blank lines between the blocks of data so as
4
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
to easily see them) and, if another location is desired to be used for another run of deepsky.exe, then edit the location.dat file and move the desired location to the top of the file. The geolocation data in the file is written in five lines. The first line contains the location’s latitude, and has three numbers. The first number on the line is the latitude degrees. For Northern Hemisphere locations, the latitude degrees is positive. For Southern Hemisphere locations, the latitude degrees is negative. The second number on the line is the latitude minutes. This number should always be positive, even if the location is in the Southern Hemisphere. The third and final number on the first line is the latitude seconds. This number is also always positive. If using a Southern Hemisphere location, the program deepsky.exe makes the correct calculation for the geolocation by determining the sign of the latitude degrees (the first number). The second line contains the location’s longitude, and has three numbers. The first number on the line is the longitude degrees. For locations West of the prime meridian, the longitude degrees is negative. For locations East of the prime meridian, the longitude degrees is positive. The second number on the line is the longitude minutes. This number should always be positive, regardless of being East or West. The third and final number on the second line is the longitude seconds. This number is also always positive. If using a location West of the prime meridian (thus having a negative longitude), the program deepsky.exe makes the correct calculation for the geolocation by determining the sign of the longitude degrees (the first number). The third line contains a single number, which is the elevation above sea level of the geolocation, in meters. The fourth line contains a single number, which is the correction from Universal Time to Local Time. If the user needs to add 5 hours to Local Time in order to obtain Universal Time, then the number on the fourth line should be 5. If the user needs to subtract 2 hours from Local Time to obtain Universal Time, then the number on the fourth line should be -2. For those areas observing Daylight Saving Time, this number will need to be changed when the transition occurs from Standard Time to DST or back. The fifth line is a text line describing the location. Blank spaces are allowed. Some examples might be My Backyard or My Favorite Spot in the Mountains or The Astronomy Club’s countryside viewing location. This text line should be 70 characters or less in length. This text line is printed in the header of the output file DSO.dat, thus allowing the user to quickly see where the data is to be used from. Here is an example location.dat file, showing two different locations. These blocks of data for these locations are separated by three blank lines. Comments are located following “<<<” on the lines, but should not be found in the file. 33 23 52.0 -111 47 0.0 378.0 7
<<< Latitude 33 deg 23 min 52.0 sec North <<< Longitude 111 deg 47 min 0.0 sec West <<< Elevation 378.0 meters above sea level <<< Add 7 hours to Local Time to get UT
Introduction
Silvergate Park near home
37 6 55.0 -94 29 0.0 299.0 5 Dad’s House
5
<<< Text description of the location <<< blank line <<< blank line <<< blank line <<< Latitude 37 deg 6 min 55.0 sec North <<< Longitude 94 deg 29 min 0.0 sec West <<< Elevation 299.0 meters above sea level <<< Add 5 hours to Local Time to get UT <<< Text description of the location
Now, if the user wanted to switch locations, then edit this file and move the five lines for the desired location to the top of the file and save the file on the computer. When deepsky.exe is run again, it will use this location. So, edit this file and create your own library of locations for use in the deepsky program. The file named deltaT.dat contains a single number, which is the difference between the Earth’s Dynamical Time and Universal Time. This difference is in seconds. Since the Earth’s rotation is not perfectly consistent, (Earth’s rotation is slowing down, albeit at a very slow rate), there is a difference between the “perfect” time and the “actual” time as determined by the Earth’s rotation. This difference is represented by the number in the deltaT.dat file. At the time of publication, this difference was 65.184 seconds. This is the constant 32.184 plus the current number of leap seconds (33 seconds as of January 1, 2006). This data was obtained from the website http://maia.usno.navy.mil/bulletin-a.html which is from the United States Naval Observatory. For future updates, look for the latest issue of IERS Bulletin A. If this number changes, then edit the file and put in the new number.
Running the Software First, copy the four files described above into a directory (or folder) on your computer. This is how to create a new folder on your PC Desktop: right-click the mouse on the PC Desktop. This brings up a menu. Drag the mouse pointer down to “New”, which brings up another menu. Slide the mouse over to “Folder” and click on this. This will create a new folder icon, with the name “New Folder” highlighted. You can type in a new name, such as “Astronomy”, at this point to give your new folder a new name. When you have finished typing in a new name, you may either press the “Enter” key on the keyboard, or left-click the mouse to finish. Double-click the folder to open this new folder. Put the CD into your CD-ROM drive in your computer. Open the CD by double clicking on the icon labeled “My Computer” and then clicking on the icon for the CD Drive. You may then copy the files to the new folder you created by dragging the files to this new folder. Click on the icon for the program deepsky.exe. A window will open. See Figure 1. At the top of the window is the geolocation information specified in the first five lines of the file location.dat. A description of the file DeepSkyObjectList.txt is printed next, telling the user how many Deep sky objects are in the list, along with how many are of each type. The user is prompted to input a Month, Day, Year, Hour and Minute for the computation. Use 1 for January, 2 for February, etc., for the month number and use a four-digit number for the year. For the hour, use
Figure 1. Running the deepsky.exe program
6 Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
Figure 2. Results of running the deepsky.exe program
Introduction 7
8
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
a integer from the 24 hour day, meaning, use 20 for 8 o’clock p.m. Once these 5 data are entered, press the Enter key. If you want to quit, simply enter 0 and press Enter. For example, to enter the time of October 18, 2007 at 8:00 p.m., enter 10 18 2007 20 0 <Enter>. The user is next asked “What do you want to see?” Enter 0 to see a listing for all types, 1 for star clusters only, 2 for galaxies only, 3 for nebulae only and 4 for the other types only. The user is then asked “What is the magnitude limit?” Only DSOs brighter than the magnitude limit that is input will be listed in the output file DSO.dat. When the Enter key is pressed, a listing of the DSOs visible at the geolocation and at the time entered will be produced in the window, as well as to the output file DSO.dat. When the user is done, enter 0 at the first prompt to end the deepsky.exe program. Then check the computer’s directory for the file DSO.dat to see the output. The screen for a sample run with the magnitude limit of 4 is found in Figure 2.
A Note on the Deep Sky Object List file Although many hours of research produced the database in the Deep sky object List, there are 13 DSOs for which a magnitude could not be determined. For these cases, a magnitude of 99.9 was put into the database. Furthermore, there are 828 DSOs in the database, which is 262 more than in the book. This database is in the file DeepSkyObjectList.txt.
How to read the Output file When deepsky.exe is run, it produces an output file named DSO.dat in the same directory where the software is located. If you click on the icon for DSO.dat, this file should open in Microsoft Wordpad, although it can also be opened in Microsoft Word. If using Microsoft Word, you might have to set the page parameters, to view the file in its full width. This file contains the results of the calculations performed by deepsky. The first four lines are the geolocation header, which tells the user which location was used by deepsky. This will be the first geolocation in the file location.dat. Following this, a row of asterisks with DEEP SKY OBJECTS is printed out. The next line indicates the time requested for the output. The next line gives the local sidereal time (that is, the Right ascension) that is on the meridian at that moment. The next line lists the magnitude limit requested for the output. The DSO table header are on the next three lines. Then, a listing of all the DSOs that are above the horizon at that moment for that location. The DSO table consists of ten columns. The first column is the astronomical designation (such as M1 or NGC2237) of the DSO. The second column is the constellation in which the DSO appears. The third column tells the type of DSO,
Introduction
9
such as Globular Cluster, Open Cluster, Spiral Galaxy, etc. The fourth column is the Right ascension (R.A.) and has two numbers: the first are the hours (h) and the second are the minutes (m). The fifth column is the Declination (Dec) and has two numbers: the first are the degrees (deg) and the second are the minutes (min). The sixth column is the Visual Magnitude (Vis Mag) of the DSO. The seventh column is the Angular Diameter (Ang Dia) in arc-minutes (arc-min) for the DSO. The eighth column is the Azimuth (AZ) of the DSO at that moment. Azimuth is the “compass direction.” North is Azimuth = 0, East is Azimuth = 90, South is Azimuth = 180, West is Azimuth = 270. Azimuth ranges from 0 (including 0) up to (but less than) 360. Thus, if the table has AZ = 75.00, then this is 15 degrees North of East. If the Azimuth is 210.50, then this is 30.5 degrees West of South, or 59.5 degrees South of West. The ninth column is the Elevation above the horizon (EL). If the Elevation is 90.00, then the DSO is directly overhead. If the Elevation is 30.00, then the DSO is 30 degrees above the horizon. The tenth column is a description of the DSO. Not all DSOs in the DeepSkyObjectList. txt file have descriptions for them. Some do, such as the Andromeda Galaxy or the Great Orion Nebula. The printout is 111 columns wide and should fit onto a standard sheet of paper, printed in Landscape Mode.
The Constellations
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
12
Andromeda Princess of Ethiopia
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ1 γ2 δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ υ ϕ χ ψ ω
00 h 01 h 02 h 02 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 23 h 23 h 23 h 00 h 00 h 01 h 23 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 23 h 01 h
+29° +35° +42° +42° +30° +29° +24° +23° +38° +43° +44° +46° +38° +41° +45° +42° +33° +37° +36° +40° +41° +47° +44° +46° +45°
2.06 2.06 2.26 4.84 3.27 4.37 4.06 4.42 4.61 4.29 4.14 3.82 3.87 4.53 4.88 3.62 4.36 5.18 4.52 4.94 4.09 4.25 4.98 4.95 4.83
08 m 09 m 03 m 03 m 39 m 38 m 47 m 57 m 17 m 38 m 40 m 37 m 56 m 49 m 22 m 01 m 36 m 21 m 18 m 40 m 36 m 09 m 39 m 46 m 27 m
23.2 s 43.9 s 53.9 s 54.7 s 19.6 s 33.3 s 20.3 s 12.4 s 05.4 s 08.1 s 24.4 s 33.8 s 45.1 s 48.8 s 20.3 s 55.2 s 52.8 s 07.2 s 19.6 s 34.7 s 47.8 s 30.1 s 20.9 s 02.0 s 39.2 s
05′ 37′ 19′ 19′ 51′ 18′ 16′ 25′ 40′ 16′ 20′ 27′ 29′ 04’ 31′ 19′ 43′ 58′ 47′ 34′ 24′ 14′ 23′ 25′ 24′
26′′ 14′′ 47′′ 51′′ 40′′ 43′′ 02′′ 04′′ 54′′ 05′′ 02′′ 30′′ 58′′ 44′′ 44′′ 34′′ 10′′ 07′′ 07′′ 37′′ 20′′ 31′′ 10′′ 13′′ 25′′
The Constellations
13
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M31 M32 M110 NGC 752 NGC 891 NGC 956 NGC 7662 NGC 7686
Andromeda Galaxy Satellite to M31 Satellite to M31 Open Cluster Edge-On Spiral Galaxy Open Cluster The Blue Snowball Nebula Open Cluster
00 h 00 h 00 h 01 h 02 h 02 h 23 h 23 h
+41° +40° +41° +37° +42° +44° +42° +49°
3.4 8.1 8.5 5.7 10.0 8.9 9.0 5.6
42 m 42 m 40 m 57 m 22 m 32 m 25 m 30 m
42 s 42 s 24 s 48 s 33 s 31 s 54 s 12 s
16.0′ 52.0′ 41.0′ 41.0′ 21.0′ 35.6′ 33.0′ 08.0′
Andromeda 12 Noon rising
Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m.
setting
3 a.m. meridian rising Midnight setting 9 p.m.
6 p.m. meridian
Daylight
3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
14
Antlia the Air Pump
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α δ ε ζ1 ζ2 ζ3 η θ ι
10 h 10 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 10 h
−31° −30° −35° −31° −31° −31° −35° −27° −37°
4.25 5.56 4.51 7.21 6.35 5.93 5.23 4.79 4.60
27 m 29 m 29 m 30 m 30 m 31 m 58 m 44 m 56 m
09.1 s 35.3 s 14.7 s 45.4 s 46.1 s 32.2 s 52.2 s 12.1 s 43.0 s
04′ 36′ 57′ 53′ 53′ 52′ 53′ 46′ 08′
04′′ 26′′ 06′′ 29′′ 22′′ 18′′ 28′′ 10′′ 16′′
The Constellations
15 Antlia
12 Noon setting 9 a.m. meridian
Daylight 6 a.m.
rising 3 a.m.
Midnight meridian
setting
rising 9 p.m.
6 p.m.
3 p.m. Daylight 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
16
Apus the Bird of Paradise
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ1 δ2 ε ζ η θ ι κ1 κ2
14 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 14 h 17 h 14 h 14 h 17 h 15 h 15 h
−79° −77° −78° −78° −78° −80° −67° −81° −76° −70° −73° −73°
3.83 4.24 3.89 4.68 5.27 5.06 4.78 4.91 5.50 5.41 5.49 5.65
47 m 43 m 33 m 20 m 20 m 22 m 21 m 18 m 05 m 22 m 31 m 40 m
51.6 s 04.4 s 27.1 s 20.7 s 26.7 s 22.7 s 59.5 s 13.6 s 19.8 s 05.8 s 30.8 s 21.2 s
02′ 31′ 53′ 41′ 40′ 06′ 46′ 00′ 47′ 07′ 23′ 26′
41′′ 03′′ 49′′ 45′′ 02′′ 32′′ 13′′ 27′′ 48′′ 24′′ 22′′ 48′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 6101
Globular Cluster
16 h 25 m 48 s
−72° 12.1′
9.3
The Constellations
17 Apus
12 Noon Daylight
meridian
9 a.m. 6 a.m. 3 a.m. Midnight meridian 9 p.m. 6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m. 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
The constellation Apus is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
18
Aquarius the Water Bearer
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ1 ζ2 η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ1 τ2 υ ϕ χ ψ1 ψ2 ψ3 ω1 ω2
22 h 21 h 22 h 22 h 20 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 20 h 21 h 21 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 23 h 23 h 23 h 23 h 23 h 23 h 23 h
−00° −05° −01° −15° −09° −00° −00° −00° −07° −13° −04° −07° −08° −11° −07° −02° +01° −07° −10° −13° −14° −20° −06° −07° −09° −09° −09° −14° −14°
2.96 2.91 3.84 3.27 3.77 4.42 4.59 4.02 4.16 4.27 5.03 3.74 4.73 4.51 4.69 4.69 4.66 5.37 4.82 4.01 5.66 5.20 4.22 5.06 4.21 4.39 4.98 4.49 5.00
05 m 31 m 21 m 54 m 47 m 28 m 28 m 35 m 16 m 06 m 37 m 52 m 52 m 09 m 37 m 03 m 25 m 20 m 30 m 49 m 47 m 34 m 14 m 16 m 15 m 17 m 18 m 42 m 39 m
46.9 s 33.4 s 39.3 s 38.9 s 40.5 s 50.0 s 49.6 s 21.3 s 49.9 s 26.1 s 45.3 s 36.8 s 39.1 s 35.5 s 45.0 s 18.7 s 16.5 s 11.8 s 38.7 s 35.4 s 42.7 s 41.6 s 19.3 s 50.8 s 53.4 s 54.1 s 57.6 s 43.2 s 47.0 s
19′ 34′ 23′ 49′ 29′ 01′ 01′ 07′ 47′ 52′ 13′ 34′ 59′ 22′ 51′ 09′ 22′ 49′ 40′ 35′ 03′ 42′ 02′ 43′ 05′ 10′ 36′ 32′ 13′
11′′ 16′′ 14′′ 15′′ 45′′ 12′′ 13′′ 03′′ 00′′ 11′′ 41′′ 47′′ 00′′ 18′′ 15′′ 19′′ 39′′ 16′′ 41′′ 33′′ 23′′ 30′′ 56′′ 36′′ 16′′ 57′′ 38′′ 42′′ 18′′
The Constellations
19
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M2 M72 M73 NGC 7009 NGC 7293
Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster The Saturn Nebula The Helix Nebula
21 h 20 h 20 h 21 h 22 h
−00° −12° −12° −11° −20°
6.4 9.3 8.9 8.0 7.3
33 m 53 m 59 m 04 m 29 m
29.3 s 30.0 s 00.0 s 10.7 s 38.4 s
49.4′ 32.0′ 38.0′ 21.6′ 50.2′
Aquarius 12 Noon rising 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. setting 3 a.m. meridian Midnight rising 9 p.m. setting 6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m. meridian 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
20
Aquila the Eagle
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ υ ϕ χ ψ ω1 ω2
19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 18 h 19 h 19 h 20 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 20 h 19 h 20 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h
+08° +06° +10° +03° +15° +13° +01° −00° −01° −07° −04° +07° +00° +08° +10° +11° +15° +05° +07° +07° +11° +11° +13° +11° +11°
0.77 3.71 2.72 3.36 4.02 2.99 3.90 3.23 4.36 4.95 3.44 4.45 4.66 4.71 5.11 5.72 4.95 5.17 5.52 5.91 5.28 5.27 6.26 5.28 6.02
50 m 55 m 46 m 25 m 59 m 05 m 52 m 11 m 36 m 36 m 06 m 34 m 26 m 54 m 51 m 48 m 14 m 39 m 04 m 45 m 56 m 42 m 44 m 17 m 19 m
46.9 s 18.7 s 15.5 s 29.8 s 37.3 s 24.5 s 28.3 s 18.2 s 43.2 s 53.4 s 14.8 s 05.3 s 31.0 s 14.8 s 01.5 s 42.0 s 16.5 s 11.5 s 08.2 s 39.8 s 14.1 s 33.9 s 34.0 s 48.9 s 52.9 s
52′ 24′ 36′ 06′ 04′ 51′ 00′ 49′ 17′ 01′ 52′ 22′ 20′ 27′ 24′ 48′ 11′ 23′ 16′ 36′ 25′ 49′ 18′ 35′ 32′
06′′ 24′′ 48′′ 53′′ 06′′ 48′′ 20′′ 17′′ 11′′ 39′′ 57′′ 44′′ 19′′ 41′′ 56′′ 57′′ 51′′ 52′′ 41′′ 48′′ 25′′ 36′′ 10′′ 44′′ 06′′
The Constellations
21
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
18 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h
+10° +11° +04° +01° +12° +12°
6.7 8.3 7.5 9.1 10.0 10.0
6709 6738 6755 6760 6840 6843
51 m 01 m 07 m 11 m 55 m 56 m
30.0 s 24.0 s 48.0 s 12.0 s 18.0 s 06.0 s
21.0′ 36.0′ 14.0′ 02.0′ 06.0′ 09.0′
Aquila 12 Noon rising
Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m.
3 a.m. setting
meridian
rising Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m. setting
Daylight
3 p.m. meridian 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
22
Ara the Altar
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε1 ε2 ζ η θ ι κ λ µ π σ
17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 16 h 17 h 16 h 16 h 18 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h
−49° −55° −56° −60° −53° −53° −55° −59° −50° −47° −50° −49° −51° −54° −46°
2.95 2.85 3.34 3.62 4.06 5.29 3.13 3.76 3.66 5.25 5.23 4.77 5.15 5.25 4.59
31 m 25 m 25 m 31 m 59 m 03 m 58 m 49 m 06 m 23 m 25 m 40 m 44 m 38 m 35 m
50.4 s 17.9 s 23.5 s 05.9 s 35.0 s 08.6 s 37.1 s 47.0 s 37.7 s 16.0 s 59.9 s 23.4 s 08.6 s 05.5 s 39.4 s
52′ 31′ 22′ 41′ 09′ 14′ 59′ 02′ 05′ 28′ 38′ 24′ 50′ 30′ 30′
34′′ 47′′ 39′′ 01′′ 38′′ 13′′ 24′′ 29′′ 30′′ 05′′ 01′′ 56′′ 03′′ 01′′ 20′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster
16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 17 h 17 h 17 h
−48° −47° −47° −53° −45° −48° −67° −53°
5.2 7.4 8.2 7.2 5.9 8.1 8.3 5.7
6193 6200 6204 6208 6250 6352 6362 6397
41 m 44 m 46 m 49 m 58 m 25 m 31 m 40 m
20.2 s 12.0 s 30.0 s 30.0 s 00.0 s 30.0 s 54.0 s 42.0 s
45.8′ 29.0′ 01.0′ 49.0′ 48.0′ 25.0′ 03.0′ 40.0′
The Constellations
23 Ara
12 Noon meridian 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. 3 a.m. meridian Midnight 9 p.m. 6 p.m. Daylight
3 p.m. 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
The constellation Ara is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
24
Aries the Ram
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ1 γ2 δ ε1 ε2 ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ1 ρ2 σ τ1 τ2
02 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 03 h 02 h 02 h 03 h 02 h 02 h 01 h 02 h 01 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 03 h 03 h
+23° +20° +19° +19° +19° +21° +21° +21° +21° +19° +17° +22° +23° +20° +21° +10° +15° +17° +18° +18° +15° +20° +21°
2.00 2.64 4.75 4.83 4.35 4.63 4.63 4.89 5.27 5.62 5.10 5.03 4.79 5.69 5.30 5.47 5.77 5.22 5.91 5.63 5.49 5.09 5.28
07 m 54 m 53 m 53 m 11 m 59 m 59 m 14 m 12 m 18 m 57 m 06 m 57 m 42 m 38 m 24 m 44 m 49 m 55 m 56 m 51 m 22 m 21 m
10.3 s 38.3 s 31.8 s 31.7 s 37.7 s 12.6 s 12.6 s 54.0 s 48.0 s 07.5 s 21.0 s 33.8 s 55.7 s 21.9 s 48.9 s 49.0 s 32.9 s 17.5 s 48.4 s 26.1 s 29.5 s 45.2 s 13.6 s
27′ 48′ 17′ 17′ 43′ 20′ 20′ 02′ 12′ 54′ 49′ 38′ 35′ 00′ 57′ 36′ 18′ 27′ 19′ 01′ 04′ 44′ 08′
45′′ 29′′ 37′′ 45′′ 36′′ 25′′ 25′′ 40′′ 39′′ 04′′ 03′′ 54′′ 46′′ 42′′ 41′′ 38′′ 42′′ 51′′ 54′′ 23′′ 55′′ 31′′ 49′′
The Constellations
25 Aries
12 Noon Daylight 9 a.m. setting 6 a.m. meridian 3 a.m. rising Midnight setting 9 p.m. meridian 6 p.m.
3 p.m. Daylight rising 12 Noon
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
26
Auriga the Charioteer
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ υ ϕ χ ψ1 ψ2 ψ3 ψ4 ψ5
05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 04 h 06 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h
+45° +44° +54° +43° +41° +41° +37° +33° +29° +40° +38° +39° +55° +49° +45° +41° +37° +39° +37° +34° +32° +42° +49° +39° +44° +43°
0.08 1.90 3.72 2.99 3.75 3.17 2.62 2.69 4.35 4.71 4.86 3.97 4.99 5.47 4.26 5.23 4.99 4.52 4.74 5.07 4.76 4.79 4.91 5.20 5.02 5.25
16 m 59 m 59 m 01 m 02 m 06 m 59 m 56 m 15 m 19 m 13 m 51 m 54 m 45 m 59 m 21 m 24 m 49 m 51 m 27 m 32 m 39 m 24 m 38 m 43 m 46 m
41.3 s 31.7 s 31.6 s 58.1 s 28.6 s 30.8 s 43.2 s 59.6 s 22.6 s 08.4 s 25.6 s 29.3 s 50.7 s 54.0 s 56.1 s 48.4 s 39.1 s 10.4 s 02.4 s 38.8 s 43.6 s 19.8 s 53.8 s 49.1 s 04.9 s 44.3 s
59′ 56′ 17′ 49′ 04′ 14′ 12′ 09′ 29′ 05′ 29′ 08′ 42′ 49′ 56′ 48′ 23′ 10′ 18′ 28′ 11′ 29′ 17′ 54′ 31′ 34′
53′′ 51′′ 05′′ 24′′ 33′′ 04′′ 45′′ 58′′ 53′′ 57′′ 04′′ 55′′ 25′′ 35′′ 13′′ 17′′ 08′′ 52′′ 20′′ 33′′ 31′′ 20′′ 17′′ 09′′ 28′′ 39′′
The Constellations
27
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
ψ6 ψ7 ψ8 ψ9 ω
06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 04 h
+48° +41° +38° +46° +37°
5.22 5.02 6.48 5.87 4.94
47 m 50 m 53 m 56 m 59 m
39.5 s 45.9 s 56.9 s 32.2 s 15.3 s
47′ 46′ 30′ 16′ 53′
22′′ 53′′ 18′′ 27′′ 25′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M36 M37 M38 NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Open Open Open Open Open Open Open Open
05 h 05 h 05 h 04 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 06 h
+34° +32° +35° +43° +37° +39° +33° +35° +41°
6.0 5.6 6.4 7.6 7.7 7.0 7.5 8.2 5.4
1664 1778 1857 1893 1907 2281
Cluster Cluster Cluster Cluster Cluster Cluster Cluster Cluster Cluster
36 m 52 m 28 m 51 m 08 m 20 m 22 m 28 m 48 m
17.7 s 18.3 s 42.5 s 08.4 s 05.7 s 05.5 s 45.1 s 04.5 s 17.8 s
8.4′ 33.2′ 51.3′ 40.5′ 01.4′ 20.6′ 25.2′ 19.5′ 04.7′
Auriga 12 Noon setting 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. meridian 3 a.m. setting
rising
Midnight
9 p.m. meridian 6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m. rising 12 Noon Jan
Feb Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
28
Boötes the Bear Driver
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε1 ε2 ζ1 ζ2 η θ ι κ1 κ2 λ µ1 µ2 ν1 ν2 ξ ο π1 π2
14 h 15 h 14 h 15 h 14 h 14 h 14 h 14 h 13 h 14 h 14 h 14 h 14 h 14 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 14 h 14 h 14 h 14 h
+19° +40° +38° +33° +27° +27° +13° +13° +18° +51° +51° +51° +51° +46° +37° +37° +40° +40° +19° +16° +16° +16°
−0.04 3.50 3.03 3.47 2.70 5.12 4.43 4.83 2.68 4.05 4.75 4.54 6.69 4.18 4.31 6.50 5.02 5.02 4.55 4.60 4.94 5.81
15 m 01 m 32 m 15 m 44 m 44 m 41 m 41 m 54 m 25 m 16 m 13 m 13 m 16 m 24 m 24 m 30 m 31 m 51 m 45 m 40 m 40 m
39.6 s 56.6 s 04.6 s 30.1 s 59.1 s 59.1 s 08.8 s 08.8 s 41.0 s 11.7 s 09.8 s 28.9 s 27.6 s 22.9 s 29.3 s 30.8 s 55.7 s 46.9 s 23.2 s 14.4 s 43.5 s 43.8 s
10′ 23′ 18′ 18′ 04′ 04′ 43′ 43′ 23′ 51′ 22′ 47′ 47′ 05′ 22′ 20′ 49′ 53′ 06′ 57′ 25′ 25′
57′′ 26′′ 29′′ 53′′ 27′′ 30′′ 42′′ 42′′ 52′′ 03′′ 02′′ 24′′ 15′′ 18′′ 38′′ 51′′ 59′′ 58′′ 04′′ 52′′ 06′′ 04′′
The Constellations
29
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
ρ σ τ υ ϕ χ ψ ω
14 h 14 h 13 h 13 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h
+30° +29° +17° +15° +40° +29° +26° +25°
3.58 4.46 4.50 4.07 5.24 5.26 4.54 4.81
31 m 34 m 47 m 49 m 37 m 14 m 04 m 02 m
49.7 s 40.7 s 15.7 s 28.5 s 49.5 s 29.1 s 26.7 s 06.4 s
22′ 44′ 27′ 47′ 21′ 09′ 56′ 00′
17′′ 42′′ 24′′ 52′′ 12′′ 51′′ 51′′ 29′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 5466
Globular Cluster
14 h 05 m 30.0 s
+28° 32.0′
9.0
Boötes 12 Noon
meridian
9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. rising 3 a.m. setting meridian Midnight rising 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight
setting 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
30
Caelum the Sculptor's Chisel
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ1 γ2 δ ζ
04 h 04 h 05 h 05 h 04 h 04 h
−41° −37° −35° −35° −44° −30°
4.45 5.05 4.55 6.34 5.07 6.37
40 m 42 m 04 m 04 m 30 m 47 m
33.6 s 03.4 s 24.3 s 26.0 s 50.1 s 49.6 s
51′ 08′ 29′ 42′ 57′ 01′
50′′ 40′′ 00′′ 19′′ 14′′ 13′′
The Constellations
31 Caelum
12 Noon
9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. setting 3 a.m. rising
meridian
Midnight setting 9 p.m.
meridian rising 6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
32
Camelopardalis the Giraffe
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ
04 h 54 m 03.0 s 05 h 03 m 25.1 s 03 h 50 m 21.5 s
+66° 20′ 34′′ +60° 26′ 32′′ +71° 19′ 57′′
4.29 4.03 4.63
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 1502 NGC 2403
Open Cluster Spiral Galaxy
04 h 07 m 49.3 s 07 h 36 m 51.8 s
+62° 19.9′ +65° 36.2′
6.9 8.4
The Constellations
33 Camelopardalis
12 Noon
9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m. meridian Midnight
9 p.m. meridian 6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar Apr May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
34
Cancer the Crab
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ1 ζ2 ζ3 η θ ι1 ι2 κ λ µ1 µ2 ν ξ ο ο π1 π2 ρ1 ρ2 σ1
08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 09 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 09 h 09 h 08 h 08 h 09 h 09 h 08 h 08 h 08 h
+11° + 9° +21° +18° +19° +17° +17° +17° +20° +18° +28° +28° +10° +24° +21° +22° +24° +22° +15° +15° +14° +14° +27° +27° +32°
4.25 3.52 4.66 3.94 6.30 5.44 6.20 6.01 5.33 5.35 4.02 6.57 5.24 5.98 5.30 5.99 5.45 5.14 5.20 5.67 5.34 6.51 5.22 5.22 5.20
58 m 16 m 43 m 44 m 40 m 12 m 12 m 12 m 32 m 31 m 46 m 46 m 07 m 20 m 07 m 06 m 02 m 09 m 57 m 57 m 15 m 12 m 55 m 55 m 59 m
29.2 s 30.9 s 17.1 s 41.0 s 26.9 s 12.6 s 12.6 s 13.2 s 42.4 s 35.7 s 41.8 s 40.0 s 44.8 s 32.1 s 45.8 s 18.3 s 44.2 s 21.5 s 14.9 s 35.1 s 13.8 s 17.5 s 39.6 s 39.6 s 32.6 s
51′ 11′ 28′ 09′ 32′ 38′ 38′ 38′ 26′ 05′ 45′ 45′ 40′ 01′ 34′ 38′ 27′ 02′ 19′ 34′ 56′ 59′ 55′ 55′ 25′
28′′ 08′′ 06′′ 15′′ 42′′ 52′′ 52′′ 51′′ 28′′ 40′′ 36′′ 55′′ 06′′ 20′′ 54′′ 08′′ 11′′ 43′′ 21′′ 53′′ 29′′ 46′′ 39′′ 39′′ 07′′
The Constellations
35
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
σ2 σ3 τ υ1 υ2 ϕ1 ϕ2 ϕ3 χ ψ ω1 ω2
08 h 08 h 09 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h
+32° +32° +29° +24° +24° +27° +26° +26° +27° +25° +25° +25°
5.66 5.45 5.43 5.75 6.36 5.57 6.32 6.30 5.14 5.73 5.83 6.31
52 m 56 m 08 m 31 m 33 m 26 m 26 m 26 m 20 m 10 m 00 m 01 m
34.6 s 56.6 s 00.0 s 30.4 s 00.0 s 27.6 s 46.7 s 47.0 s 03.8 s 27.1 s 55.8 s 43.7 s
28′ 54′ 39′ 04′ 05′ 53′ 56′ 56′ 13′ 30′ 23′ 05′
27′′ 37′′ 15′′ 52′′ 05′′ 36′′ 04′′ 07′′ 03′′ 26′′ 34′′ 23′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M44 M67
Beehive Cluster Open Cluster
08 h 40 m 22.2 s 08 h 51 m 20.1 s
+19° 40.3′ +11° 48.7′
3.1 6.9
Cancer 12 Noon Daylight
setting
9 a.m.
6 a.m.
meridian
3 a.m. rising
setting Midnight meridian 9 p.m. rising 6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb Mar
Apr May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
36
Canes Venatici the Hunting Dogs
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α1 α2 β
12 h 56 m 01.6 s 12 h 56 m 00.3 s 12 h 33 m 44.5 s
+38° 19′ 06′′ +38° 18′ 53′′ +41° 21′ 27′′
2.90 5.60 4.26
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M3 M51 M63 M94 M106 NGC 4214 NGC 4449 NGC 4490 NGC 4631 NGC 5005 NGC 5195
Globular Cluster Whirlpool Galaxy Sunflower Galaxy Spiral Galaxy Spiral Galaxy Galaxy Irregular Galaxy The Cocoon Galaxy The Whale Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy
13 h 13 h 13 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 13 h 13 h
+28° +47° +42° +41° +47° +36° +44° +41° +32° +37° +47°
5.9 8.4 8.6 8.1 8.4 9.7 9.4 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.6
42 m 29 m 15 m 50 m 18 m 15 m 28 m 30 m 42 m 10 m 30 m
12.0 s 52.1 s 49.1 s 54.0 s 57.5 s 39.5 s 12.0 s 36.0 s 06.0 s 56.6 s 00.0 s
23.0′ 11.7′ 01.8′ 07.0′ 18.2′ 19.6′ 06.0′ 38.0′ 33.0′ 03.5′ 16.0′
The Constellations
37 Canes Venatici
12 Noon
9 a.m. meridian
Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m. rising
setting Midnight meridian 9 p.m. rising 6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m. setting 12 Noon Jan
Feb Mar
Apr May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
38
Canis Major the Big Dog
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν1 ν2 ν3 ξ1 ξ2 ο1 ο1 π σ τ ω
06 h 06 h 07 h 07 h 06 h 06 h 07 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 07 h 06 h 06 h 07 h 07 h 07 h
−16° −17° −15° −26° −28° −30° −29° −12° −17° −32° −32° −14° −19° −18° −18° −23° −22° −23° −24° −20° −27° −24° −26°
−1.46 1.98 4.12 1.84 1.50 3.02 2.45 4.07 4.37 3.96 4.48 5.00 3.95 5.70 4.43 4.33 4.54 3.02 3.87 4.68 3.47 4.40 3.85
45 m 22 m 03 m 08 m 58 m 20 m 24 m 54 m 56 m 49 m 28 m 56 m 36 m 36 m 37 m 31 m 35 m 03 m 54 m 55 m 01 m 18 m 14 m
08.9 s 41.9 s 45.4 s 23.4 s 37.5 s 18.7 s 05.6 s 11.3 s 08.1 s 50.4 s 10.1 s 06.6 s 41.0 s 22.8 s 53.3 s 51.3 s 03.3 s 01.4 s 07.8 s 37.3 s 43.1 s 42.4 s 48.6 s
42′ 57′ 38′ 23′ 58′ 03′ 18′ 02′ 03′ 30′ 34′ 02′ 15′ 39′ 14′ 25′ 57′ 50′ 11′ 08′ 56′ 57′ 46′
58′′ 22′′ 00′′ 35′′ 20′′ 48′′ 11′′ 19′′ 15′′ 31′′ 49′′ 37′′ 22′′ 36′′ 15′′ 06′′ 53′′ 00′′ 02′′ 11′′ 06′′ 15′′ 22′′
The Constellations
39
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M41 NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Mexican Jumping Star Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
06 h 06 h 06 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h
−20° −18° −31° −13° −25° −15° −24° −21° −13° −20° −21°
4.5 8.6 9.4 7.7 6.5 7.2 4.1 7.9 8.0 8.4 7.4
2204 2243 2345 2354 2360 2362 2367 2374 2383 2384
46 m 15 m 29 m 08 m 14 m 17 m 18 m 20 m 23 m 24 m 25 m
00.0 s 32.2 s 34.5 s 18.8 s 15.3 s 43.1 s 41.5 s 04.5 s 56.1 s 39.9 s 11.8 s
45.3′ 39.9′ 16.9′ 11.6′ 41.5′ 38.5′ 57.3′ 53.1′ 15.8′ 56.8′ 01.4′
Canis Major
12 Noon
Daylight
setting
9 a.m.
6 a.m. meridian 3 a.m. rising
setting Midnight meridian 9 p.m. rising 6 p.m. Daylight
3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb Mar
Apr May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
40
Canis Minor the Little Dog
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ1 δ2 δ3 ε ζ η
07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h
+05° +08° +08° +01° +03° +03° +09° +01° +06°
0.38 2.90 4.32 5.25 5.59 5.81 4.99 5.14 5.25
39 m 27 m 28 m 32 m 33 m 34 m 25 m 51 m 28 m
18.1 s 09.0 s 09.7 s 05.8 s 11.6 s 15.8 s 38.8 s 41.9 s 02.0 s
13′ 17′ 55′ 54′ 17′ 22′ 16′ 46′ 56′
30′′ 21′′ 32′′ 52′′ 25′′ 17′′ 34′′ 01′′ 31′′
The Constellations
41 Canis Minor
12 Noon setting
Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m. meridian 3 a.m. rising
setting Midnight meridian 9 p.m. 6 p.m.
rising Daylight
3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb Mar
Apr May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
42
Capricornus the Sea Goat
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α1 α2 β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ1 ξ2 ο1 ο2 π ρ σ τ υ ϕ χ ψ ω
20 h 20 h 20 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 21 h 21 h 20 h 20 h
−12° −12° −14° −16° −16° −19° −22° −19° −17° −16° −18° −11° −13° −12° −12° −12° −18° −18° −18° −17° −19° −14° −18° −20° −21° −25° −26°
3.57 4.24 3.08 3.68 2.87 4.68 3.74 4.84 4.07 4.28 4.73 5.58 5.08 4.76 5.85 6.34 5.94 6.74 5.25 4.78 5.28 5.22 5.10 5.24 6.02 4.14 4.11
18 m 17 m 21 m 40 m 47 m 37 m 26 m 04 m 05 m 22 m 42 m 46 m 53 m 20 m 12 m 11 m 29 m 29 m 27 m 28 m 19 m 39 m 40 m 15 m 08 m 46 m 51 m
03.2 s 38.8 s 00.6 s 05.4 s 02.3 s 04.7 s 39.9 s 24.2 s 56.7 s 14.7 s 39.4 s 32.0 s 17.7 s 39.7 s 25.8 s 57.8 s 53.8 s 52.4 s 19.1 s 51.5 s 23.5 s 16.3 s 02.9 s 37.8 s 33.5 s 05.6 s 49.2 s
32′ 30′ 46′ 39′ 07′ 27′ 24′ 51′ 13′ 50′ 51′ 21′ 33′ 45′ 37′ 23′ 35′ 35′ 12′ 48′ 07′ 57′ 08′ 39′ 11′ 16′ 55′
42′′ 30′′ 53′′ 45′′ 38′′ 58′′ 41′′ 18′′ 58′′ 05′′ 59′′ 58′′ 07′′ 33′′ 03′′ 33′′ 00′′ 12′′ 42′′ 49′′ 07′′ 17′′ 19′′ 06′′ 37′′ 16′′ 09′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M30
Globular Cluster
21 h 40 m 21.9 s
−23° 10.7′
7.3
The Constellations
43 Capricornus
12 Noon Daylight
rising
9 a.m.
6 a.m.
3 a.m. meridian
rising
setting
Midnight
9 p.m. setting
6 p.m.
Daylight 3 p.m. meridian 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
44
Carina the Ship's Keel
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β ε η θ ι υ1 υ2 χ ω
06 h 09 h 08 h 10 h 10 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 07 h 10 h
−52° −69° −59° −59° −64° −59° −65° −65° −52° −70°
−0.72 1.68 1.86 6.21 2.76 2.25 2.96 6.03 3.47 3.32
23 m 13 m 22 m 45 m 42 m 17 m 47 m 47 m 56 m 13 m
57.2 s 12.1 s 30.8 s 03.6 s 57.4 s 05.4 s 06.1 s 06.7 s 46.7 s 44.3 s
41′ 43′ 30′ 41′ 23′ 16′ 04′ 04′ 58′ 02′
44″ 02″ 34″ 03″ 40″ 31″ 18″ 21″ 56″ 16″
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Cluster Globular Cluster Planetary Nebula Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
07 h 09 h 09 h 10 h 10 h 10 h 10 h 10 h 11 h 11 h 11 h 11 h
−60° −64° −58° −60° −57° −58° −58° −60° −58° −60° −60° −61°
3.8 6.3 9.7 4.2 7.6 4.7 6.7 8.2 3.0 6.6 8.2 9.1
2516 2808 2867 3114 3247 3293 3324 3496 3532 3572 3590 3603
58 m 12 m 21 m 02 m 25 m 35 m 37 m 59 m 05 m 10 m 12 m 15 m
07.2 s 02.6 s 25.4 s 42.7 s 52.0 s 53.8 s 18.7 s 33.8 s 47.5 s 19.2 s 59.0 s 06.0 s
45.2′ 51.8′ 18.7′ 06.5′ 55.6′ 14.2′ 39.6′ 20.2′ 46.2′ 14.9′ 47.3′ 15.0′
The Constellations
45 Carina
12 Noon
9 a.m.
meridian
Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m. meridian Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
The constellation Carina is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
46
Cassiopeia Queen of Ethiopia
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ υ1 υ2 ϕ
00 h 00 h 00 h 01 h 01 h 00 h 00 h 01 h 02 h 00 h 00 h 01 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 23 h 23 h 23 h 00 h 00 h 01 h
+56° +59° +60° +60° +63° +53° +57° +55° +67° +62° +54° +54° +50° +50° +48° +47° +57° +55° +58° +59° +58° +58°
2.23 2.27 2.47 2.68 3.38 3.66 3.44 4.33 4.52 4.16 4.73 5.17 4.89 4.80 4.54 4.94 4.54 4.88 4.87 4.63 4.83 4.98
40 m 09 m 56 m 25 m 54 m 36 m 49 m 11 m 29 m 32 m 31 m 08 m 48 m 42 m 44 m 43 m 54 m 59 m 47 m 56 m 55 m 20 m
30.4 s 10.6 s 42.4 s 48.9 s 23.6 s 58.2 s 06.0 s 06.1 s 03.9 s 59.9 s 46.3 s 16.3 s 50.0 s 03.8 s 43.5 s 28.0 s 23.0 s 00.4 s 03.4 s 39.7 s 00.0 s 04.8 s
32′ 08′ 43′ 14′ 40′ 53′ 48′ 09′ 24′ 55′ 31′ 55′ 58′ 30′ 17′ 01′ 29′ 45′ 39′ 10′ 58′ 13′
15′′ 59′′ 00′′ 07′′ 13′′ 49′′ 58′′ 00′′ 09′′ 55′′ 20′′ 14′′ 06′′ 45′′ 04′′ 29′′ 58′′ 18′′ 07′′ 52′′ 22′′ 54′′
The Constellations
47
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
χ ψ ω
01 h 33 m 55.9 s 01 h 25 m 56.0 s 01 h 55 m 59.9 s
+59° 13′ 56′′ +68° 07′ 48′′ +68° 41′ 07′′
4.71 4.74 4.99
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M52 M103 NGC 103 NGC 129 NGC 133 NGC 146 NGC 147 NGC 185 NGC 189 NGC 225 NGC 281 NGC 381 NGC 433 NGC 436 NGC 457 NGC 559 NGC 637 NGC 654 NGC 659 NGC 663 NGC 1027 NGC 7635 NGC 7788 NGC 7789 NGC 7790
Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Galaxy Galaxy Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Bubble Nebula Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
23 h 01 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 02 h 23 h 23 h 23 h 23 h
+61° +60° +61° +60° +63° +63° +48° +48° +61° +61° +56° +61° +60° +58° +58° +63° +64° +61° +60° +61° +61° +61° +61° +56° +61°
6.9 7.4 9.8 6.5 8.5 9.1 9.3 9.2 8.8 7.0 7.4 9.3 9.0 8.8 6.4 9.5 8.2 6.5 7.9 7.1 6.7 6.9 9.4 6.7 8.5
24 m 33 m 25 m 29 m 31 m 33 m 33 m 39 m 39 m 43 m 52 m 08 m 15 m 15 m 19 m 29 m 43 m 43 m 44 m 46 m 42 m 20 m 56 m 57 m 58 m
12.0 s 21.8 s 17.4 s 54.1 s 16.9 s 03.9 s 12.0 s 00.0 s 35.7 s 32.3 s 59.3 s 14.9 s 09.2 s 57.7 s 32.6 s 29.1 s 03.1 s 59.4 s 23.0 s 16.0 s 35.1 s 42.0 s 42.0 s 00.0 s 24.0 s
35.0′ 39.5′ 19.3′ 12.6′ 21.2′ 18.6′ 30.0′ 20.0′ 05.7′ 47.4′ 37.3′ 35.0′ 07.5′ 49.0′ 17.4′ 18.5′ 02.2′ 53.0′ 40.1′ 13.1′ 35.7′ 12.0′ 24.0′ 44.0′ 13.0′
Cassiopeia 12 Noon Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m. 3 a.m. meridian Midnight 9 p.m. 6 p.m. meridian 3 p.m.
Daylight
12 Noon Jan
Feb Mar
Apr May Jun
Jul
Aug Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
48
Centaurus the Centaur
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α1 α2 β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ1 ξ2 ο1 ο2 π ρ σ τ υ1 υ2 ϕ χ ψ
14 h 14 h 14 h 12 h 12 h 13 h 13 h 14 h 14 h 13 h 14 h 11 h 13 h 13 h 13 h 13 h 11 h 11 h 11 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 13 h 14 h 13 h 14 h 14 h
−60° −60° −60° −48° −50° −53° −47° −42° −36° −36° −42° −63° −42° −41° −49° −49° −59° −59° −54° −52° −50° −48° −44° −45° −42° −41° −37°
−0.01 1.33 0.61 2.17 2.60 2.30 2.55 2.31 2.06 2.75 3.13 3.13 3.04 3.41 4.85 4.27 5.13 5.15 3.89 3.96 3.91 3.86 3.87 4.34 3.83 4.36 4.05
39 m 39 m 03 m 41 m 08 m 39 m 55 m 35 m 06 m 20 m 59 m 35 m 49 m 49 m 03 m 06 m 31 m 31 m 21 m 11 m 28 m 37 m 58 m 01 m 58 m 06 m 20 m
36.2 s 36.2 s 49.4 s 30.9 s 21.5 s 53.2 s 32.3 s 30.3 s 40.8 s 35.7 s 09.6 s 46.8 s 36.9 s 30.2 s 33.1 s 54.5 s 46.1 s 48.6 s 00.4 s 39.1 s 02.3 s 42.1 s 40.7 s 43.3 s 16.2 s 02.7 s 33.3 s
50′ 50′ 22′ 57′ 43′ 27′ 17′ 09′ 22′ 42′ 06′ 01′ 28′ 41′ 31′ 54′ 26′ 30′ 29′ 22′ 13′ 32′ 48′ 36′ 06′ 10′ 53′
07′′ 07′′ 22′′ 34′′ 20′′ 59′′ 18′′ 28′′ 12′′ 44′′ 15′′ 11′′ 26′′ 16′′ 38′′ 22′′ 32′′ 56′′ 27′′ 06′′ 51′′ 28′′ 13′′ 12′′ 03′′ 46′′ 07′′
The Constellations
49
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 3680 NGC 3766 NGC 3918 NGC 3960 NGC 4230 NGC 4852 NGC 4945 NGC 5102 NGC 5128 NGC 5138 NGC 5139 NGC 5168 NGC 5281 NGC 5286 NGC 5316 NGC 5460 NGC 5606 NGC 5617 NGC 5662
Open Cluster Open Cluster Blue Planetary Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Galaxy Galaxy Peculiar Galaxy Open Cluster ω Centauri Globular Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
11 h 11 h 11 h 11 h 12 h 13 h 13 h 13 h 13 h 13 h 13 h 13 h 13 h 13 h 13 h 14 h 14 h 14 h 14 h
−43° −61° −57° −55° −55° −59° −49° −36° −43° −59° −47° −60° −62° −51° −61° −48° −59° −60° −56°
7.6 5.3 8.0 8.3 9.4 8.9 9.6 9.7 7.0 7.6 3.5 9.1 5.9 7.6 6.0 5.6 7.7 6.3 5.5
25 m 36 m 50 m 50 m 17 m 00 m 05 m 21 m 25 m 27 m 26 m 31 m 46 m 46 m 53 m 07 m 27 m 29 m 35 m
42.0 s 06.0 s 17.8 s 33.2 s 18.0 s 06.0 s 24.0 s 57.5 s 29.0 s 15.2 s 45.9 s 07.3 s 36.0 s 24.0 s 54.0 s 36.0 s 48.0 s 48.0 s 12.0 s
15.0′ 37.0′ 10.9′ 40.6′ 08.0′ 36.0′ 28.0′ 37.8′ 01.0′ 02.5′ 28.6′ 56.3′ 54.0′ 22.0′ 52.0′ 19.0′ 38.0′ 43.0′ 33.0′
Centaurus 12 Noon
setting meridian
9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. rising 3 a.m. meridian setting
rising
Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m.
3 p.m. Daylight 12 Noon
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
50
Cepheus King of Ethiopia
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ1 ρ2
21 h 21 h 23 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 20 h 20 h 22 h 20 h 22 h 21 h 21 h 22 h 23 h 23 h 22 h 22 h
+62° +70° +77° +58° +57° +58° +61° +62° +66° +77° +59° +58° +61° +64° +68° +75° +78° +78°
2.44 3.23 3.21 3.75 4.19 3.35 3.43 4.22 3.52 4.39 5.04 4.08 4.29 4.29 4.75 4.41 5.83 5.52
18 m 28 m 39 m 29 m 15 m 10 m 45 m 29 m 49 m 08 m 11 m 43 m 45 m 03 m 18 m 07 m 26 m 29 m
34.7 s 39.5 s 20.8 s 10.2 s 01.9 s 51.2 s 17.3 s 34.8 s 40.7 s 53.2 s 30.6 s 30.3 s 26.8 s 47.3 s 37.4 s 53.8 s 42.4 s 52.8 s
35′ 33′ 37′ 24′ 02′ 12′ 50′ 59′ 12′ 42′ 24′ 46′ 07′ 37′ 06′ 23′ 47′ 49′
08′′ 39′′ 57′′ 55′′ 37′′ 05′′ 20′′ 39′′ 02′′ 41′′ 53′′ 48′′ 15′′ 41′′ 42′′ 16′′ 09′′ 28′′
The Constellations
51
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Cluster Open Cluster Spiral Galaxy Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
00 h 20 h 20 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 23 h 23 h
+85° +60° +60° +68° +65° +62° +55° +57° +58° +58° +60° +68°
8.1 7.8 8.8 7.1 9.3 6.1 9.6 7.7 8.4 7.2 7.9 10.0
188 6939 6946 7023 7142 7160 7226 7235 7261 7380 7510 7762
47 m 31 m 34 m 01 m 45 m 53 m 10 m 12 m 20 m 47 m 11 m 49 m
29.7 s 24.0 s 48.0 s 35.5 s 09.4 s 40.2 s 30.0 s 36.0 s 24.0 s 00.0 s 30.0 s 48.0 s
14.5′ 38.0′ 09.0′ 10.2′ 46.5′ 36.2′ 25.0′ 17.0′ 05.0′ 06.0′ 34.0′ 02.0′
Cepheus 12 Noon 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m. meridian Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m. meridian 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
52
Cetus the Whale
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ1 κ2 λ µ ν ξ1 ξ2 ο π ρ σ τ υ ϕ1 ϕ2 ϕ3 ϕ4 χ
03 h 00 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 00 h 03 h 03 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 01 h 02 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 01 h
+04° −17° +03° +00° −11° −10° −10° −08° −08° +03° +03° +08° +10° +05° +08° +08° −02° −13° −12° −15° −15° −21° −10° −10° −11° −11° −10°
2.53 2.04 3.47 4.07 4.84 3.73 3.45 3.60 3.56 4.83 5.69 4.70 4.27 4.86 4.37 4.28 3.04 4.25 4.89 4.75 3.50 4.00 4.76 5.19 5.31 5.61 4.67
02 m 43 m 43 m 39 m 39 m 51 m 08 m 24 m 19 m 19 m 21 m 59 m 44 m 35 m 12 m 28 m 19 m 44 m 25 m 32 m 44 m 00 m 44 m 50 m 56 m 58 m 49 m
16.7 s 35.3 s 18.0 s 28.9 s 33.7 s 27.5 s 35.3 s 01.3 s 25.6 s 21.6 s 06.7 s 42.8 s 56.5 s 52.4 s 59.9 s 09.5 s 20.7 s 07.3 s 56.9 s 05.1 s 04.0 s 00.2 s 11.3 s 07.5 s 01.4 s 43.8 s 35.0 s
05′ 59′ 14′ 19′ 52′ 20′ 10′ 11′ 49′ 22′ 40′ 54′ 06′ 35′ 50′ 27′ 58′ 51′ 17′ 14′ 56′ 04′ 36′ 38′ 16′ 22′ 41′
23′′ 12′′ 09′′ 43′′ 20′′ 06′′ 56′′ 01′′ 26′′ 13′′ 32′′ 27′′ 51′′ 36′′ 48′′ 36′′ 39′′ 32′′ 26′′ 41′′ 15′′ 40′′ 34′′ 40′′ 00′′ 49′′ 11′′
The Constellations
53
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M77 NGC 246 NGC 247
Galaxy Planetary Nebula Galaxy
02 h 42 m 40.7 s 00 h 47 m 00.0 s 00 h 47 m 08.4 s
−00° 00.8′ −11° 53.0′ −20° 45.6′
8.8 8.0 9.1
Cetus 12 Noon Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m. setting 3 a.m. meridian rising Midnight setting 9 p.m. meridian 6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m. rising 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
54
Chamaeleon the Chameleon
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ1 δ2 ε ζ η θ ι κ µ1 µ2 ν π
08 h 12 h 10 h 10 h 10 h 11 h 09 h 08 h 08 h 09 h 12 h 10 h 10 h 09 h 11 h
−76° −79° −78° −80° −80° −78° −80° −78° −77° −80° −76° −82° −81° −76° −75°
4.07 4.26 4.11 5.47 4.45 4.91 5.11 5.47 4.35 5.36 5.04 5.52 6.60 5.45 5.65
18 m 18 m 35 m 45 m 45 m 59 m 33 m 41 m 20 m 24 m 04 m 00 m 04 m 46 m 37 m
31.7 s 20.7 s 28.1 s 15.8 s 46.6 s 37.3 s 53.4 s 19.9 s 38.7 s 09.2 s 46.5 s 43.7 s 07.7 s 21.3 s 15.6 s
55′ 18′ 36′ 28′ 32′ 13′ 56′ 57′ 29′ 47′ 31′ 12′ 33′ 46′ 53′
11′′ 43′′ 27′′ 10′′ 24′′ 18′′ 29′′ 48′′ 04′′ 13′′ 08′′ 52′′ 56′′ 33′′ 47′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 3195
Planetary Nebula
10 h 09 m 21.1 s
−80° 51.5′
10.0
The Constellations
55 Chamaeleon
12 Noon Daylight
meridian
9 a.m.
6 a.m.
3 a.m.
Midnight meridian 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
The constellation Chamaeleon is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
56
Circinus the Compass
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ
14 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 14 h 15 h 14 h
−64° −58° −59° −60° −63° −65° −64° −62°
3.19 4.07 4.51 5.09 4.86 6.09 5.17 5.11
42 m 17 m 23 m 16 m 17 m 54 m 04 m 56 m
30.3 s 30.8 s 22.6 s 56.7 s 38.8 s 42.4 s 48.1 s 44.0 s
58′ 48′ 19′ 57′ 36′ 59′ 01′ 46′
31′′ 04′′ 15′′ 27′′ 38′′ 29′′ 54′′ 51′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 5715 NGC 5823
Open Cluster Open Cluster
14 h 43 m 24.0 s 15 h 05 m 42.0 s
−57° 33.0′ −55° 36.0′
9.8 7.9
The Constellations
57 Circinus
12 Noon meridian
Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m.
3 a.m. meridian Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
The constellation Circinus is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
58
Columba the Dove
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε η θ κ λ µ ν1 ν2 ξ ο π1 π2 σ
05 h 05 h 05 h 06 h 05 h 05 h 06 h 06 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 06 h 06 h 05 h
−34° −35° −35° −33° −35° −42° −37° −35° −33° −32° −27° −28° −37° −34° −42° −42° −31°
2.64 3.12 4.36 3.85 3.87 3.96 5.02 4.37 4.87 5.17 6.16 5.31 4.97 4.83 6.12 5.50 5.50
39 m 50 m 57 m 22 m 31 m 59 m 07 m 16 m 53 m 45 m 37 m 37 m 55 m 17 m 06 m 07 m 56 m
38.9 s 57.5 s 32.2 s 06.7 s 12.7 s 08.7 s 31.6 s 33.0 s 06.8 s 59.9 s 16.5 s 44.6 s 29.8 s 29.0 s 41.0 s 52.9 s 20.9 s
04′ 46′ 17′ 26′ 28′ 48′ 15′ 08′ 48′ 18′ 52′ 41′ 07′ 53′ 17′ 09′ 22′
27′′ 06′′ 00′′ 11′′ 14′′ 55′′ 10′′ 26′′ 05′′ 23′′ 17′′ 22′′ 15′′ 43′′ 55′′ 14′′ 57′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 1808 NGC 1851
Galaxy Globular Cluster
05 h 07 m 42.3 s 05 h 14 m 06.3 s
−37° 30.8′ −40° 02.8′
9.9 7.2
The Constellations
59 Columba
12 Noon Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m.
setting meridian
3 a.m.
rising Midnight setting meridian
9 p.m.
rising 6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
60
Coma Berenices the Hair of Queen Berenice of Egypt
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α1 α2 β γ
13 h 13 h 13 h 12 h
+17° +17° +27° +28°
5.22 5.22 4.26 4.36
09 m 09 m 11 m 26 m
59.2 s 59.2 s 52.3 s 56.2 s
31′ 31′ 52′ 16′
46′′ 46′′ 41′′ 06′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M53 M64 M85 M88 M91 M98 M99 M100 NGC 4494 NGC 4559 NGC 4565 NGC 4725 NGC 5053 Melotte 111
Globular Cluster The Black Eye Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Spiral Galaxy Spiral Galaxy Galaxy Globular Cluster Coma Berenices Star Cluster
13 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 13 h 12 h
+18° +21° +18° +14° +14° +14° +14° +15° +25° +27° +25° +25° +17° +26°
7.5 8.5 9.1 9.5 10.2 10.1 9.9 9.4 9.9 9.9 9.5 9.2 9.9 1.8
12 m 56 m 25 m 31 m 35 m 13 m 18 m 22 m 31 m 35 m 36 m 50 m 16 m 25 m
55.2 s 42.0 s 24.2 s 59.1 s 27.2 s 48.2 s 49.6 s 54.9 s 24.3 s 57.7 s 20.7 s 24.0 s 27.0 s 00.0 s
10.1′ 41.0′ 11.5′ 25.2′ 29.8′ 54.0′ 25.0′ 49.3′ 46.5′ 57.6′ 59.3′ 30.0′ 41.9′ 00.0′
The Constellations
61 Coma Berenices
12 Noon meridian 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. rising 3 a.m. setting meridian
Midnight rising 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m. setting 12 Noon
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
62
Corona Australis the Southern Crown
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ1 γ2 δ ε ζ η1 η2 θ κ1 κ2 λ µ
19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 18 h 19 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h
−37° −39° −37° −37° −40° −37° −42° −43° −43° −42° −38° −38° −38° −40°
4.11 4.11 5.01 5.01 4.59 4.87 4.75 5.49 5.61 4.64 6.32 5.65 5.13 5.24
09 m 10 m 56 m 56 m 58 m 58 m 53 m 48 m 49 m 33 m 33 m 33 m 43 m 47 m
28.2 s 01.6 s 25.0 s 25.0 s 20.8 s 43.3 s 56.7 s 50.4 s 34.9 s 30.1 s 23.2 s 23.0 s 46.8 s 44.4 s
54′ 20′ 03′ 03′ 29′ 06′ 05′ 40′ 26′ 18′ 43′ 43′ 19′ 24′
16′′ 27′′ 48′′ 48′′ 48′′ 26′′ 43′′ 48′′ 02′′ 45′′ 13′′ 34′′ 25′′ 22′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 6541
Globular Cluster
18 h 08 m 00.0 s
−43° 42.0′
6.1
The Constellations
63 Corona Australis
12 Noon rising 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m. meridian setting
rising Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m.
3 p.m.
Daylight
setting meridian
12 Noon Jan
Feb Mar Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
64
Corona Borealis the Northern Crown
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ1 ζ2 η1 η2 θ ι κ λ µ ν1 ν2 ξ ο π ρ σ1 σ2 τ υ
15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 16 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 15 h 15 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h
+26° +29° +26° +26° +26° +36° +36° +30° +30° +31° +29° +35° +37° +39° +33° +33° +30° +29° +32° +33° +33° +33° +36° +29°
2.23 3.68 3.84 4.63 4.15 6.00 5.07 5.58 6.08 4.14 4.99 4.82 5.45 5.11 5.20 5.39 4.85 5.51 5.56 5.41 5.64 6.66 4.76 5.78
34 m 27 m 42 m 49 m 57 m 39 m 39 m 23 m 23 m 32 m 01 m 51 m 55 m 35 m 22 m 22 m 22 m 20 m 43 m 01 m 14 m 14 m 08 m 16 m
41.2 s 49.7 s 44.5 s 35.6 s 35.2 s 22.1 s 22.6 s 12.2 s 12.2 s 55.7 s 26.6 s 13.8 s 47.6 s 14.8 s 21.3 s 29.1 s 05.7 s 08.4 s 59.2 s 02.6 s 40.7 s 40.7 s 58.2 s 44.7 s
42′ 06′ 17′ 04′ 52′ 38′ 38′ 17′ 17′ 21′ 51′ 39′ 56′ 00′ 47′ 42′ 53′ 36′ 30′ 18′ 51′ 51′ 29′ 09′
53′′ 20′′ 44′′ 06′′ 40′′ 12′′ 09′′ 16′′ 16′′ 32′′ 04′′ 26′′ 49′′ 36′′ 56′′ 13′′ 32′′ 58′′ 57′′ 13′′ 30′′ 30′′ 27′′ 01′′
The Constellations
65 Corona Borealis
12 Noon meridian 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. rising 3 a.m. setting meridian Midnight rising 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight
setting 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
July
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
66
Corvus the Crow
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η
12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h
−24° −23° −17° −16° −22° −22° −16°
4.02 2.65 2.59 2.95 3.00 5.21 4.31
08 m 34 m 15 m 29 m 10 m 20 m 32 m
24.7 s 23.2 s 48.3 s 51.8 s 07.4 s 33.6 s 04.1 s
43′ 23′ 32′ 30′ 37′ 12′ 11′
44′′ 48′′ 31′′ 56′′ 11′′ 57′′ 46′′
The Constellations
67 Corvus
12 Noon
setting
Daylight 9 a.m.
meridian
6 a.m. rising 3 a.m. setting meridian Midnight rising 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
July
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
68
Crater the Cup
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ
10 h 11 h 11 h 11 h 11 h 11 h 11 h 11 h 11 h 11 h 11 h
−18° −22° −17° −14° −10° −18° −17° −09° −13° −12° −18°
4.08 4.48 4.08 3.56 4.83 4.73 5.18 4.70 5.48 5.94 5.09
59 m 11 m 24 m 19 m 24 m 44 m 56 m 36 m 38 m 27 m 23 m
46.4 s 39.4 s 52.8 s 20.4 s 36.5 s 45.7 s 00.9 s 40.8 s 40.0 s 09.4 s 21.8 s
17′ 49′ 41′ 46′ 51′ 21′ 09′ 48′ 12′ 21′ 46′
56′′ 33′′ 03′′ 43′′ 34′′ 03′′ 03′′ 08′′ 07′′ 25′′ 48′′
The Constellations
69 Crater
12 Noon setting
Daylight 9 a.m.
meridian
6 a.m. rising 3 a.m. setting meridian Midnight rising 9 p.m.
6 p.m.
3 p.m. Daylight 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
70
Crux the Southern Cross
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α1 α2 β γ1 γ2 δ ε ζ η θ1 θ2 ι κ λ µ1 µ2
12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h
−63° −63° −59° −57° −57° −58° −60° −64° −64° −63° −63° −60° −60° −59° −57° −57°
1.58 2.09 1.25 1.63 6.42 2.80 3.59 4.04 4.15 4.33 4.72 4.69 5.90 4.62 4.03 5.17
26 m 26 m 47 m 31 m 31 m 15 m 21 m 18 m 06 m 03 m 04 m 45 m 53 m 54 m 54 m 54 m
35.9 s 36.5 s 43.3 s 09.9 s 16.7 s 08.6 s 21.5 s 26.1 s 52.8 s 01.5 s 19.2 s 37.8 s 49.0 s 39.1 s 35.6 s 36.8 s
05′ 05′ 41′ 06′ 04′ 44′ 24′ 00′ 36′ 18′ 09′ 58′ 22′ 08′ 10′ 10′
56′′ 58′′ 19′′ 47′′ 51′′ 56′′ 04′′ 11′′ 49′′ 46′′ 56′′ 52′′ 36′′ 47′′ 40′′ 05′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Jewel Box Cluster
12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h
−63° −61° −58° −61° −60° −62° −60°
8.8 7.4 8.9 7.4 8.4 6.9 4.2
4052 4103 4337 4349 4439 4609 4755
02 m 06 m 24 m 24 m 28 m 42 m 53 m
05.2 s 39.5 s 03.3 s 06.0 s 26.3 s 18.0 s 36.0 s
13.4′ 15.0′ 07.4′ 52.2′ 06.2′ 58.0′ 20.0′
The Constellations
71 Crux
12 Noon meridian 9 a.m.
Daylight
6 a.m.
3 a.m.
Midnight meridian 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
The constellation Crux is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
72
Cygnus the Swan
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β1 β2 γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ1 µ2 ν ξ π1 π2 ρ σ τ υ ϕ χ ψ ω1 ω2
20 h 19 h 19 h 20 h 19 h 20 h 21 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 20 h 21 h 21 h 20 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 20 h 20 h
+45° +27° +27° +40° +45° +33° +30° +35° +50° +51° +53° +36° +28° +28° +41° +43° +49° +51° +45° +39° +38° +34° +30° +32° +52° +48° +49°
1.25 3.08 5.11 2.20 2.87 2.46 3.20 3.89 4.48 3.79 3.77 4.53 4.73 6.08 3.94 3.72 4.23 4.67 4.02 4.23 3.72 4.43 4.69 4.23 4.92 4.95 5.44
41 m 30 m 30 m 22 m 44 m 46 m 12 m 56 m 36 m 29 m 17 m 47 m 44 m 44 m 57 m 04 m 46 m 42 m 33 m 17 m 14 m 17 m 39 m 50 m 55 m 30 m 31 m
25.8 s 43.2 s 45.2 s 13.6 s 58.4 s 12.6 s 56.1 s 18.3 s 26.4 s 42.2 s 06.0 s 24.4 s 08.5 s 08.2 s 10.3 s 55.8 s 47.5 s 05.6 s 58.8 s 24.9 s 47.4 s 55.0 s 22.5 s 33.8 s 37.7 s 03.4 s 18.7 s
16′ 57′ 57′ 15′ 07′ 58′ 13′ 05′ 13′ 43′ 22′ 29′ 44′ 44′ 10′ 55′ 18′ 11′ 35′ 23′ 02′ 53′ 09′ 54′ 26′ 57′ 13′
49′′ 35′′ 55′′ 24′′ 51′′ 13′′ 37′′ 00′′ 16′′ 47′′ 07′′ 27′′ 34′′ 35′′ 02′′ 40′′ 35′′ 23′′ 31′′ 41′′ 44′′ 49′′ 12′′ 51′′ 20′′ 06′′ 14′′
The Constellations
73
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M29 M39 NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Blinking Planetary Nebula Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Diffuse Nebula Veil Nebula Veil Nebula Open Cluster North American Nebula Planetary Nebula Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
20 h 21 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h
+38° +48° +46° +40° +50° +29° +44° +35° +35° +40° +42° +30° +31° +45° +44° +42° +50° +45° +46° +36° +48° +47° +51° +54° +53°
6.6 4.6 6.8 7.3 8.8 7.8 7.6 5.2 8.0 7.4 10.0 7.0 7.0 10.0 4.5 8.5 9.1 7.6 8.3 7.0 9.7 7.2 8.4 10.0 9.7
6811 6819 6826 6834 6866 6871 6883 6910 6914 6960 6992 6997 7000 7027 7031 7039 7062 7063 7067 7082 7086 7127 7128
23 m 31 m 38 m 41 m 44 m 52 m 03 m 05 m 11 m 23 m 24 m 45 m 56 m 56 m 01 m 07 m 07 m 10 m 23 m 24 m 24 m 29 m 30 m 43 m 43 m
54.0 s 48.3 s 12.0 s 18.0 s 48.2 s 12.0 s 42.0 s 54.0 s 18.0 s 06.0 s 42.0 s 42.0 s 24.0 s 24.0 s 48.0 s 01.7 s 12.5 s 47.7 s 27.4 s 21.7 s 23.1 s 17.7 s 27.5 s 41.9 s 57.7 s
32.0′ 26.9′ 34.0′ 11.0′ 31.5′ 25.0′ 00.0′ 47.0′ 51.0′ 47.0′ 29.0′ 43.0′ 43.0′ 28.0′ 12.0′ 14.2′ 52.5′ 37.3′ 22.7′ 29.2′ 00.6′ 07.6′ 36.1′ 37.8′ 42.9′
Cygnus 12 Noon
9 a.m.
rising
Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m. setting meridian Midnight rising 9 p.m. setting 6 p.m.
3 p.m. Daylight
meridian 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
74
Delphinus the Dolphin
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ1 γ2 δ ε ζ η θ ι κ
20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 20 h
+15° +14° +16° +16° +15° +11° +14° +13° +13° +11° +10°
3.77 3.63 5.14 4.27 4.43 4.03 4.68 5.38 5.72 5.43 5.05
39 m 37 m 46 m 46 m 43 m 33 m 35 m 33 m 38 m 37 m 39 m
38.2 s 32.9 s 38.6 s 39.4 s 27.5 s 12.7 s 18.4 s 56.9 s 43.8 s 49.0 s 07.7 s
54′ 35′ 07′ 07′ 04′ 18′ 40′ 01′ 18′ 22′ 05′
43′′ 43′′ 28′′ 27′′ 28′′ 12′′ 27′′ 38′′ 54′′ 40′′ 10′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 6934
Globular Cluster
20 h 34 m 12.0 s
+07° 24.0′
8.7
The Constellations
75 Delphinus
12 Noon Daylight
rising
9 a.m.
6 a.m.
3 a.m.
setting meridian
Midnight rising
9 p.m. setting
6 p.m.
3 p.m. Daylight
meridian
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
76
Dorado the Swordfish
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η1 η2 θ κ λ ν π1 π2
04 h 05 h 04 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 06 h 06 h 05 h 04 h 05 h 06 h 06 h 06 h
−55° −62° −51° −65° −66° −57° −66° −65° −67° −59° −58° −68° −69° −69°
3.27 3.76 4.25 4.35 5.11 4.72 5.71 5.01 4.83 5.27 5.14 5.06 5.56 5.38
33 m 33 m 16 m 44 m 49 m 05 m 06 m 11 m 13 m 44 m 26 m 08 m 22 m 25 m
59.8 s 37.5 s 01.6 s 46.5 s 53.7 s 30.6 s 09.5 s 15.0 s 45.4 s 21.2 s 19.2 s 44.3 s 38.3 s 28.7 s
02′ 29′ 29′ 44′ 54′ 28′ 02′ 35′ 11′ 43′ 54′ 50′ 59′ 41′
42′′ 24′′ 12′′ 08′′ 05′′ 22′′ 23′′ 22′′ 08′′ 58′′ 46′′ 36′′ 03′′ 25′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
04 h 04 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h
−68° −68° −67° −67° −66° −67° −68° −69° −68° −69° −65° −69° −69°
9.9 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.9 9.0 8.5 9.8 9.4 10.0 9.9 9.0 9.0
1755 1770 1814 1816 1818 1820 1829 1835 1850 1856 1866 1874 1876
55 m 57 m 03 m 03 m 04 m 04 m 04 m 05 m 08 m 09 m 13 m 13 m 13 m
14.9 s 15.8 s 46.5 s 50.8 s 14.8 s 01.7 s 57.3 s 05.7 s 44.8 s 29.5 s 39.1 s 11.7 s 18.5 s
12.3′ 25.1′ 18.1′ 15.7′ 26.1′ 16.0′ 03.3′ 24.3′ 45.7′ 07.6′ 27.9′ 22.6′ 21.9′
The Constellations Deep sky object NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
77 Description
1955 Open Cluster 1962 Open Cluster 1965 Open Cluster 1968 Open Cluster 1970 Open Cluster 1974 Open Cluster 1978 Globular Cluster 1983 Open Cluster 1991 Open Cluster 2004 Open Cluster 2011 Open Cluster 2014 Open Cluster 2041 Open Cluster 2069 Diffuse Nebula 2070 Tarantula Nebula 2074 Diffuse Nebula 2100 Open Cluster 2157 Open Cluster Large Magellanic Cloud
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h
−67° −68° −68° −67° −68° −67° −66° −68° −67° −67° −67° −67° −66° −68° −69° −69° −69° −69° −69°
9.0 8.5 8.5 9.0 8.5 9.0 9.9 8.5 9.0 9.9 9.5 8.5 10.0 5.0 8.2 8.5 9.6 10.0 –0.1
26 m 26 m 26 m 27 m 26 m 28 m 28 m 27 m 28 m 30 m 32 m 32 m 36 m 38 m 38 m 39 m 42 m 57 m 23 m
10.0 s 17.8 s 29.1 s 22.2 s 52.7 s 00.4 s 45.3 s 44.3 s 00.4 s 40.3 s 20.3 s 19.9 s 28.1 s 46.5 s 38.4 s 03.7 s 09.1 s 34.9 s 36.0 s
29.9′ 50.3′ 48.4′ 27.8′ 50.2′ 25.4′ 14.2′ 59.2′ 25.4′ 17.2′ 31.4′ 41.4′ 59.4′ 58.5′ 05.6′ 29.9′ 12.7′ 11.8′ 45.0′
Dorado 12 Noon
9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. meridian 3 a.m.
Midnight meridian 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
The constellation Dorado is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
78
Draco the Dragon
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ1 µ2 ν1 ν2 ξ ο π ρ σ τ υ ϕ χ ψ1 ψ2 ψ3 ω
14 h 17 h 17 h 19 h 19 h 17 h 16 h 16 h 15 h 12 h 11 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 18 h 19 h 20 h 19 h 19 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h
+64° +52° +51° +67° +70° +65° +61° +58° +58° +69° +69° +54° +54° +55° +55° +56° +59° +65° +67° +69° +73° +71° +71° +72° +72° +72° +72° +68°
3.65 2.79 2.23 3.07 3.83 3.17 2.74 4.01 3.29 3.87 3.84 5.83 5.80 4.88 4.87 3.75 4.66 4.59 4.51 4.68 4.45 4.82 4.22 3.57 4.58 5.79 5.48 4.80
04 m 30 m 56 m 12 m 48 m 08 m 23 m 01 m 24 m 33 m 31 m 05 m 05 m 32 m 32 m 53 m 51 m 20 m 02 m 32 m 15 m 54 m 20 m 21 m 41 m 41 m 55 m 36 m
23.2 s 25.8 s 36.3 s 33.1 s 10.3 s 47.1 s 59.3 s 53.2 s 55.6 s 28.9 s 24.2 s 19.6 s 19.6 s 10.4 s 15.9 s 31.6 s 11.9 s 40.0 s 48.9 s 21.5 s 32.8 s 23.7 s 45.3 s 03.2 s 56.2 s 57.8 s 10.9 s 56.9 s
22′ 18′ 29′ 39′ 16′ 42′ 30′ 33′ 57′ 47′ 19′ 28′ 28′ 11′ 10′ 52′ 23′ 42′ 52′ 39′ 21′ 17′ 20′ 43′ 08′ 09′ 00′ 45′
33′′ 05′′ 20′′ 42′′ 04′′ 53′′ 51′′ 55′′ 57′′ 17′′ 52′′ 13′′ 13′′ 03′′ 22′′ 21′′ 18′′ 52′′ 25′′ 40′′ 20′′ 50′′ 16′′ 58′′ 56′′ 25′′ 19′′ 29′′
The Constellations
79
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M102 NGC 4236 NGC 6543
Galaxy Galaxy The Cat’s Eye Nebula
15 h 06 m 30.0 s 12 h 16 m 42.1 s 17 h 58 m 33.4 s
+55° 46.0′ +69° 27.7′ +66° 38.0′
10.0 9.6 8.1
Draco 12 Noon meridian 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m.
Midnight meridian 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
80
Equuleus the Foal
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε
21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 20 h
+05° +06° +10° +10° +04°
3.92 5.16 4.69 4.49 5.23
15 m 22 m 10 m 14 m 59 m
49.3 s 53.5 s 20.5 s 28.8 s 04.3 s
14′ 48′ 07′ 00′ 17′
52′′ 40′′ 53′′ 25′′ 37′′
The Constellations
81 Equuleus
12 Noon rising 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m.
setting meridian
Midnight
rising
9 p.m. setting 6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m. meridian 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
82
Eridanus the River
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ1 θ2 ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο1 ο2 π ρ1 ρ2 ρ3 τ1 τ2 τ3 τ4 τ5 τ6 τ7
1h 5h 3h 3h 3h 3h 2h 2h 2h 2h 2h 5h 4h 4h 4h 4h 4h 3h 3h 3h 3h 2h 2h 3h 3h 3h 3h 3h
−57° −05° −13° −09° −09° −08° −08° −40° −40° −39° −47° −08° −03° −03° −03° −06° −07° −12° −07° −07° −07° −18° −21° −23° −21° −21° −23° −23°
0.46 2.79 2.95 3.54 3.73 4.80 3.89 3.42 4.42 4.11 4.25 4.27 4.02 3.93 5.17 4.04 4.43 4.42 5.75 5.32 5.26 4.47 4.75 4.09 3.69 4.27 4.23 5.24
37 m 07 m 58 m 43 m 32 m 15 m 56 m 58 m 58 m 40 m 26 m 09 m 45 m 36 m 23 m 11 m 15 m 46 m 01 m 02 m 04 m 45 m 51 m 02 m 19 m 33 m 46 m 47 m
42.9 s 50.9 s 01.7 s 14.8 s 55.8 s 49.9 s 25.6 s 15.6 s 16.2 s 40.0 s 59.1 s 08.7 s 30.1 s 19.1 s 40.8 s 51.9 s 16.3 s 08.4 s 09.9 s 42.2 s 16.3 s 06.1 s 02.2 s 23.5 s 30.9 s 47.2 s 50.8 s 39.6 s
14′ 05′ 30′ 45′ 27′ 49′ 53′ 18′ 18′ 51′ 42′ 45′ 15′ 21′ 44′ 50′ 39′ 06′ 39′ 41′ 36′ 34′ 00′ 37′ 45′ 37′ 14′ 52′
12′′ 11′′ 31′′ 48′′ 30′′ 11′′ 53′′ 17′′ 16′′ 19′′ 14′′ 15′′ 17′′ 09′′ 44′′ 16′′ 10′′ 06′′ 47′′ 07′′ 03′′ 21′′ 15′′ 28′′ 28′′ 59′′ 59′′ 29′′
The Constellations
83
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
τ8 τ9 υ1 υ2 υ3 ϕ χ ψ ω
3h 3h 4h 4h 4h 2h 1h 5h 4h
−24° −24° −33° −29° −30° −51° −51° −07° −05°
4.65 4.66 3.56 4.51 3.82 3.56 3.70 4.81 4.39
53 m 59 m 17 m 33 m 35 m 16 m 55 m 01 m 52 m
42.6 s 55.4 s 53.6 s 30.6 s 33.0 s 30.6 s 57.4 s 26.3 s 53.6 s
36′ 00′ 47′ 46′ 33′ 30′ 36′ 10′ 27′
45′′ 59′′ 54′′ 00′′ 45′′ 44′′ 32′′ 26′′ 10′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC NGC NGC NGC
Spiral Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Planetary Nebula
03 h 03 h 03 h 04 h
−20° −41° −18° −12°
9.9 9.4 9.8 9.6
1232 1291 1407 1535
09 m 17 m 40 m 14 m
45.1 s 18.3 s 11.8 s 15.8 s
34.7′ 06.4′ 34.8′ 44.4′
Eridanus 12 Noon 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. setting 3 a.m.
meridian rising
Midnight setting 9 p.m. meridian 6 p.m. Daylight rising
3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
84
Fornax the Furnace
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ1 γ2 δ ε ζ η1 η2 η3 ι1 ι2 κ λ1 λ2 µ ν π ρ σ τ ϕ χ1 χ2 χ3 ψ ω
3h 2h 2h 2h 3h 3h 2h 2h 2h 2h 2h 2h 2h 2h 2h 2h 2h 2h 3h 3h 3h 2h 3h 3h 3h 2h 2h
−28° 59′ 14′′ −32° 24′ 22′′ −24° 33′ 37′′ −27° 56′ 31′′ −31° 56′ 18′′ −28° 05′ 29′′ −25° 16′ 27′′ −35° 33′ 03′′ −35° 50′ 37′′ −35° 40′ 34′′ −30° 02′ 41′′ −30° 11′ 40′′ −23° 48′ 59′′ −34° 39′ 00′′ −34° 34′ 42′′ −30° 43′ 26′′ −29° 17′ 49′′ −30° 00′ 07′′ −30° 10′ 06′′ −29° 20′ 17′′ −27° 56′ 35′′ −33° 48′ 40′′ −35° 55′ 15′′ −35° 40′ 54′′ −35° 51′ 12′′ −38° 26′ 13′′ −28° 13′ 57′′
3.87 4.46 6.14 5.39 5.00 5.89 5.71 6.51 5.92 5.47 5.75 5.83 5.20 5.90 5.79 5.28 4.69 5.35 5.54 5.90 6.01 5.14 6.39 5.71 6.50 5.92 4.90
12 m 49 m 49 m 49 m 42 m 01 m 59 m 47 m 50 m 50 m 36 m 38 m 22 m 33 m 36 m 12 m 04 m 01 m 47 m 46 m 38 m 28 m 25 m 27 m 28 m 53 m 33 m
04.2 s 05.4 s 50.9 s 54.1 s 14.9 s 37.6 s 36.1 s 33.6 s 14.7 s 40.3 s 09.2 s 18.6 s 32.5 s 07.0 s 58.5 s 54.4 s 29.4 s 14.7 s 56.0 s 27.3 s 47.6 s 01.6 s 55.7 s 33.3 s 11.4 s 34.2 s 50.6 s
The Constellations
85
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Galaxy Galaxy Planetary Nebula Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy
02 h 03 h 03 h 03 h 03 h 03 h
−30° −37° −25° −36° −26° −35°
9.3 8.8 9.4 9.5 9.7 9.8
1097 1316 1360 1365 1398 1399
46 m 22 m 33 m 33 m 38 m 38 m
19.0 s 41.7 s 14.6 s 36.3 s 52.0 s 29.0 s
16.5′ 12.5′ 52.3′ 08.4′ 20.2′ 27.1′
Fornax 12 Noon Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m. setting 3 a.m. meridian Midnight rising setting 9 p.m. meridian 6 p.m.
3 p.m.
Daylight
rising
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
86
Gemini the Twins
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α1 α2 β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ υ ϕ χ ω
7h 7h 7h 6h 7h 6h 7h 6h 6h 7h 7h 7h 6h 6h 6h 7h 7h 7h 7h 7h 7h 7h 8h 7h
+31° +31° +28° +16° +21° +25° +20° +22° +33° +27° +24° +16° +22° +20° +12° +34° +33° +31° +28° +30° +26° +26° +27° +24°
1.58 1.59 1.14 1.93 3.53 2.98 3.79 3.28 3.60 3.79 3.57 3.58 2.88 4.15 3.36 4.90 5.14 4.18 4.28 4.41 4.06 4.97 4.94 5.18
34 m 34 m 45 m 37 m 20 m 43 m 04 m 14 m 52 m 25 m 44 m 18 m 22 m 28 m 45 m 39 m 47 m 29 m 43 m 11 m 35 m 53 m 03 m 02 m
35.9 s 35.9 s 18.9 s 42.7 s 07.3 s 55.9 s 06.5 s 52.6 s 47.3 s 43.5 s 26.8 s 05.5 s 57.6 s 57.7 s 17.3 s 09.9 s 30.3 s 06.6 s 18.7 s 08.3 s 55.3 s 29.7 s 31.0 s 24.7 s
53′ 53′ 01′ 23′ 58′ 07′ 34′ 30′ 57′ 47′ 23′ 32′ 30′ 12′ 53′ 35′ 24′ 47′ 53′ 14′ 53′ 45′ 47′ 12′
18′′ 18′′ 34′′ 57′′ 56′′ 52′′ 13′′ 24′′ 40′′ 53′′ 53′′ 25′′ 49′′ 43′′ 44′′ 04′′ 56′′ 04′′ 00′′ 43′′ 44′′ 57′′ 39′′ 56′′
The Constellations
87
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M35 NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster The Eskimo Nebula Open Cluster Open Cluster
06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h
+24° +23° +24° +26° +17° +27° +13° +20° +13° +21°
5.1 6.7 8.6 9.5 10.0 8.5 9.7 9.2 8.0 8.3
2129 2158 2266 2304 2331 2355 2392 2395 2420
08 m 01 m 07 m 43 m 55 m 06 m 16 m 29 m 27 m 38 m
55.9 s 06.5 s 25.6 s 19.2 s 11.9 s 59.8 s 59.3 s 10.8 s 12.9 s 23.9 s
21.5′ 19.3′ 05.8′ 58.2′ 59.3′ 15.7′ 45.0′ 54.7′ 36.5′ 34.5′
Gemini 12 Noon setting 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. meridian 3 a.m.
setting rising
Midnight meridian 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight
rising 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
88
Grus the Crane
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ µ ν ξ ο π π ρ σ σ τ τ υ ϕ
22 h 22 h 21 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 23 h 22 h 23 h 23 h 23 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 21 h 23 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 23 h 23 h
−46° −46° −37° −43° −43° −51° −52° −53° −43° −45° −53° −39° −41° −41° −39° −41° −52° −45° −45° −41° −40° −40° −48° −47° −38° −40°
1.74 2.10 3.01 3.97 4.11 3.49 4.12 4.85 4.28 3.90 5.37 4.46 4.79 5.10 5.47 5.29 5.52 6.62 5.62 4.85 6.28 5.86 6.04 5.70 5.61 5.53
08 m 42 m 53 m 29 m 29 m 48 m 00 m 45 m 06 m 10 m 04 m 06 m 15 m 16 m 28 m 32 m 26 m 22 m 23 m 43 m 36 m 36 m 53 m 56 m 06 m 18 m
13.9 s 40.0 s 55.6 s 16.1 s 45.4 s 33.2 s 52.8 s 37.8 s 52.7 s 21.5 s 39.5 s 06.8 s 36.9 s 26.5 s 39.1 s 05.7 s 36.4 s 43.8 s 07.9 s 30.0 s 29.2 s 58.7 s 37.8 s 47.7 s 53.5 s 09.8 s
57′ 53′ 21′ 29′ 44′ 19′ 45′ 30′ 31′ 14′ 57′ 32′ 20′ 37′ 07′ 10′ 43′ 56′ 55′ 24′ 34′ 35′ 35′ 58′ 53′ 49′
40′′ 05′′ 54′′ 45′′ 58′′ 01′′ 15′′ 00′′ 14′′ 48′′ 55′′ 36′′ 48′′ 39′′ 55′′ 46′′ 18′′ 52′′ 42′′ 52′′ 58′′ 28′′ 53′′ 09′′ 32′′ 29′′
The Constellations
89
Grus 12 Noon
Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m.
3 a.m.
meridian setting rising Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m.
setting 3 p.m.
Daylight
meridian rising
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
90
Hercules the Warrior
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α1 α2 β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ1 κ2 λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ1 ρ2 σ τ υ ϕ χ ω
17 h 17 h 16 h 16 h 17 h 17 h 16 h 16 h 17 h 17 h 16 h 16 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 18 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 15 h 16 h
+14° +14° +21° +19° +24° +30° +31° +38° +37° +46° +17° +17° +26° +27° +30° +29° +28° +36° +37° +37° +42° +46° +46° +44° +42° +14°
3.48 5.39 2.77 3.75 3.14 3.92 2.81 3.53 3.86 3.80 5.00 6.25 4.41 3.42 4.41 3.70 3.83 3.16 5.47 4.52 4.20 3.89 4.76 4.26 4.62 4.57
14 m 14 m 30 m 21 m 15 m 00 m 41 m 42 m 56 m 39 m 08 m 08 m 30 m 46 m 58 m 57 m 07 m 15 m 23 m 23 m 34 m 19 m 02 m 08 m 52 m 25 m
38.8 s 39.1 s 13.1 s 55.1 s 01.8 s 17.3 s 17.1 s 53.7 s 15.1 s 27.8 s 04.4 s 04.8 s 44.2 s 27.5 s 30.1 s 45.8 s 32.5 s 02.7 s 40.6 s 40.9 s 06.1 s 44.3 s 47.8 s 46.1 s 40.4 s 24.9 s
23′ 23′ 29′ 09′ 50′ 55′ 36′ 55′ 15′ 00′ 02′ 03′ 06′ 43′ 11′ 14′ 45′ 48′ 08′ 08′ 26′ 18′ 02′ 56′ 27′ 02′
25′′ 24′′ 22′′ 11′′ 21′′ 35′′ 10′′ 20′′ 02′′ 23′′ 49′′ 16′′ 38′′ 15′′ 22′′ 52′′ 45′′ 33′′ 48′′ 45′′ 13′′ 48′′ 12′′ 06′′ 06′′ 00′′
The Constellations
91
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M13 M92 NGC 6210 NGC 6229
The Great Cluster Globular Cluster Planetary Nebula Globular Cluster
16 h 17 h 16 h 16 h
+36° +43° +23° +47°
5.7 6.4 8.8 9.4
41 m 17 m 44 m 47 m
42.0 s 06.0 s 29.5 s 00.0 s
28.0′ 08.0′ 48.0′ 32.0′
Hercules 12 Noon meridian Daylight
9 a.m. 6 a.m.
rising
3 a.m.
setting meridian
Midnight rising 9 p.m. 6 p.m. setting
Daylight
3 p.m. 12 Noon
Jan
Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Jul
Aug Sep
Oct Nov Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
92
Horologium the Clock
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ζ η ι λ µ ν
04 h 02 h 02 h 04 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 03 h 02 h
−42° −64° −63° −41° −54° −52° −50° −60° −59° −62°
3.86 4.99 5.74 4.93 5.21 5.31 5.41 5.35 5.11 5.26
14 m 58 m 45 m 10 m 40 m 37 m 42 m 24 m 03 m 49 m
00.1 s 47.8 s 27.5 s 50.5 s 39.6 s 24.2 s 33.4 s 53.9 s 36.8 s 01.5 s
17′ 04′ 42′ 59′ 33′ 32′ 48′ 18′ 44′ 48′
40′′ 16′′ 16′′ 37′′ 00′′ 36′′ 01′′ 43′′ 16′′ 24′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 1261 NGC 1433
Globular Cluster Galaxy
03 h 12 m 15.3 s 03 h 42 m 01.4 s
−55° 13.0′ −47° 13.3′
8.4 10.0
The Constellations
93
12 Noon 9 a.m.
setting Daylight
meridian
6 a.m.
rising
3 a.m. Midnight
9 p.m. setting 6 p.m.
meridian rising
Daylight
3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
94
Hydra the Water Serpent
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ1 τ2 υ1 υ2 ϕ1 ϕ2 χ1 χ2 ψ ω
09 h 11 h 13 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 10 h 10 h 10 h 11 h 11 h 14 h 08 h 08 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 10 h 10 h 10 h 11 h 11 h 13 h 09 h
−08° −33° −23° +05° +06° +05° +03° +02° −01° −14° −12° −16° −16° −31° −34° −26° +05° +03° −02° −01° −14° −13° −16° −16° −27° −27° −23° +05°
1.98 4.28 3.00 4.16 3.38 3.11 4.30 3.88 3.91 5.06 3.61 3.81 3.11 3.54 4.70 3.27 4.36 4.44 4.60 4.57 4.12 4.60 6.03 4.91 4.94 5.71 4.95 4.97
27 m 52 m 18 m 37 m 46 m 55 m 43 m 14 m 39 m 40 m 10 m 26 m 49 m 33 m 40 m 06 m 48 m 38 m 29 m 31 m 51 m 05 m 36 m 38 m 05 m 05 m 09 m 05 m
35.2 s 54.5 s 55.2 s 39.3 s 46.5 s 23.6 s 13.4 s 21.8 s 51.3 s 18.3 s 35.2 s 05.4 s 37.4 s 00.1 s 12.7 s 22.2 s 25.9 s 45.4 s 08.8 s 58.9 s 28.6 s 07.4 s 16.6 s 34.9 s 19.9 s 57.5 s 03.2 s 58.3 s
39′ 54′ 10′ 42′ 25′ 56′ 23′ 18′ 08′ 19′ 21′ 50′ 11′ 51′ 44′ 40′ 50′ 20′ 46′ 11′ 50′ 03′ 20′ 52′ 17′ 17′ 07′ 05′
31′′ 28′′ 18′′ 13′′ 08′′ 44′′ 55′′ 51′′ 34′′ 56′′ 15′′ 11′′ 37′′ 27′′ 41′′ 56′′ 16′′ 29′′ 08′′ 05′′ 48′′ 53′′ 40′′ 36′′ 36′′ 16′′ 05′′ 32′′
The Constellations
95
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M48 M68 M83 NGC 3242 NGC 3585 NGC 3621
Open Cluster Globular Cluster Galaxy Ghost of Jupiter Nebula Galaxy Galaxy
08 h 12 h 13 h 10 h 11 h 11 h
−05° −26° −29° −18° −26° −32°
5.8 7.7 7.5 7.8 10.0 10.0
13 m 39 m 37 m 24 m 13 m 18 m
43.1 s 28.0 s 00.0 s 46.2 s 17.1 s 18.0 s
45.0′ 44.6′ 52.0′ 38.6′ 45.3′ 49.0′
Hydra 12 Noon setting 9 a.m. Daylight
meridian
6 a.m. rising 3 a.m. setting Midnight
meridian rising
9 p.m.
6 p.m.
3 p.m. Daylight 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
96
Hydrus the Sea Serpent
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν π1 π2 σ τ1 τ2
01 h 00 h 03 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 01 h 03 h 03 h 02 h 00 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 01 h 01 h 01 h
−61° −77° −74° −68° −68° −67° −67° −71° −77° −73° −74° −79° −75° −67° −67° −78° −79° −80°
2.86 2.80 3.24 4.09 4.11 4.84 4.69 5.53 5.52 5.01 5.07 5.28 4.75 5.55 5.69 6.16 6.33 6.06
58 m 25 m 47 m 21 m 39 m 45 m 54 m 02 m 15 m 22 m 48 m 31 m 50 m 14 m 15 m 55 m 41 m 47 m
46.2 s 45.3 s 14.5 s 45.1 s 35.5 s 32.6 s 56.1 s 15.5 s 57.7 s 52.3 s 35.4 s 40.7 s 28.7 s 14.8 s 28.6 s 50.4 s 21.4 s 46.7 s
34′ 15′ 14′ 39′ 16′ 37′ 38′ 54′ 23′ 38′ 55′ 06′ 04′ 50′ 44′ 20′ 08′ 10′
12′′ 16′′ 21′′ 34′′ 01′′ 00′′ 51′′ 09′′ 19′′ 45′′ 25′′ 34′′ 01′′ 31′′ 48′′ 55′′ 54′′ 36′′
The Constellations
97 Hydrus
12 Noon Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m. 3 a.m. meridian Midnight 9 p.m.
6 p.m. meridian
Daylight
3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
The constellation Hydrus is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
98
Indus the American Indian
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ1 κ2 µ ν ο π ρ
20 h 20 h 21 h 21 h 22 h 20 h 20 h 21 h 20 h 21 h 22 h 21 h 22 h 21 h 21 h 22 h
−47° −58° −54° −54° −56° −46° −51° −53° −51° −59° −59° −54° −72° −69° −57° −70°
3.11 3.65 6.12 4.40 4.69 4.89 4.51 4.39 5.05 6.12 5.62 5.16 5.29 5.53 6.19 6.05
37 m 54 m 26 m 57 m 03 m 49 m 44 m 19 m 51 m 58 m 05 m 05 m 24 m 50 m 56 m 54 m
34.0 s 48.5 s 15.4 s 55.0 s 21.3 s 28.9 s 02.2 s 51.9 s 30.0 s 29.9 s 50.9 s 14.1 s 36.7 s 47.2 s 13.9 s 39.5 s
17′ 27′ 39′ 59′ 47′ 13′ 55′ 26′ 36′ 00′ 38′ 43′ 15′ 37′ 53′ 04′
29′′ 15′′ 38′′ 34′′ 10′′ 37′′ 16′′ 59′′ 30′′ 45′′ 10′′ 37′′ 20′′ 47′′ 59′′ 26′′
The Constellations
99 Indus
12 Noon 9 a.m.
Daylight
6 a.m. 3 a.m. meridian Midnight 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
meridian
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
The constellation Indus is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
100
Lacerta the Lizard
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β
22 h 31 m 17.4 s 22 h 23 m 33.5 s
+50° 16′ 57′′ +52° 13′ 45′′
3.77 4.43
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Open Open Open
22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h
+46° +49° +54° +52°
7.7 6.4 9.2 9.7
7209 7243 7245 7296
Cluster Cluster Cluster Cluster
05 m 15 m 15 m 28 m
12.0 s 18.0 s 18.0 s 12.0 s
30.0′ 53.0′ 20.0′ 17.0′
The Constellations
101 Lacerta
12 Noon rising 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. setting 3 a.m. meridian Midnight rising
setting 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m. meridian 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
102
Leo the Lion
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ1 γ2 δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ υ ϕ χ ψ ω
10 h 11 h 10 h 10 h 11 h 09 h 10 h 10 h 11 h 11 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 10 h 10 h 11 h 11 h 11 h 11 h 11 h 09 h 09 h
+11° +14° +19° +19° +20° +23° +23° +16° +15° +10° +26° +22° +26° +12° +11° +09° +08° +09° +06° +02° −00° −03° +07° +14° +09°
1.35 2.14 2.61 3.80 2.56 2.98 3.44 3.52 3.34 3.94 4.46 4.31 3.88 5.26 4.97 3.52 4.70 3.85 4.05 4.95 4.30 4.47 4.63 5.35 5.41
08 m 49 m 19 m 19 m 14 m 45 m 16 m 07 m 14 m 23 m 24 m 31 m 52 m 58 m 31 m 41 m 00 m 32 m 21 m 27 m 36 m 16 m 05 m 43 m 28 m
22.3 s 03.5 s 58.3 s 58.6 s 06.4 s 51.0 s 41.3 s 19.9 s 14.3 s 55.4 s 39.2 s 43.1 s 45.8 s 13.3 s 56.7 s 09.0 s 12.7 s 48.6 s 08.1 s 56.2 s 56.9 s 39.6 s 01.0 s 43.8 s 27.4 s
58′ 34′ 50′ 50′ 31′ 46′ 25′ 45′ 25′ 31′ 10′ 58′ 00′ 26′ 17′ 53′ 02′ 18′ 01′ 51′ 49′ 39′ 20′ 01′ 03′
02′′ 19′′ 30′′ 25′′ 25′′ 27′′ 02′′ 45′′ 46′′ 45′′ 56′′ 04′′ 25′′ 41′′ 59′′ 32′′ 39′′ 24′′ 46′′ 22′′ 26′′ 06′′ 10′′ 18′′ 24′′
The Constellations
103
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M65 M66 M95 M96 M105 NGC 2903 NGC 3521 NGC 3607 NGC 3628
Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Spiral Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy
11 h 11 h 10 h 10 h 10 h 09 h 11 h 11 h 11 h
+13° +12° +11° +11° +12° +21° −00° +18° +13°
9.3 9.0 9.7 9.2 9.3 8.9 8.9 10.0 9.5
18 m 20 m 43 m 46 m 47 m 32 m 05 m 16 m 20 m
54.0 s 12.0 s 57.7 s 45.9 s 48.0 s 09.9 s 48.0 s 54.0 s 18.0 s
05.0′ 59.0′ 42.2′ 49.4′ 35.0′ 30.1′ 02.0′ 03.0′ 36.0′
Leo 12 Noon setting 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. meridian 3 a.m. setting
rising
Midnight meridian 9 p.m. rising 6 p.m.
3 p.m. Daylight 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
104
Leo Minor the Smaller Lion
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
β
10 h 27 m 52.9 s
+36° 42′ 26′′
4.21
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 3344
Galaxy
10 h 43 m 30.7 s
+24° 55.3′
10.0
The Constellations
105 Leo Minor
12 Noon Daylight 9 a.m. meridian 6 a.m.
3 a.m.
setting
rising
Midnight meridian 9 p.m. rising 6 p.m.
3 p.m. Daylight 12 Noon
setting Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
106
Lepus the Hare
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν
5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 6h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h
−17° −20° −22° −20° −22° −14° −14° −14° −11° −12° −13° −16° −12°
2.58 2.84 3.60 3.81 3.19 3.55 3.71 4.67 4.45 4.36 4.29 3.31 5.30
32 m 28 m 44 m 51 m 05 m 46 m 56 m 06 m 12 m 13 m 19 m 12 m 19 m
43.7 s 14.7 s 27.8 s 19.2 s 27.6 s 57.3 s 24.2 s 09.3 s 17.8 s 13.8 s 34.4 s 55.8 s 59.0 s
49′ 45′ 26′ 52′ 22′ 49′ 10′ 56′ 52′ 56′ 10′ 12′ 18′
20′′ 34′′ 54′′ 45′′ 16′′ 19′′ 04′′ 07′′ 09′′ 30′′ 37′′ 20′′ 56′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M79
Globular Cluster
05 h 24 m 10.6 s
−24° 31.5′
7.8
The Constellations
107 Lepus
12 Noon
9 a.m.
Daylight setting
6 a.m.
meridian
3 a.m. rising Midnight setting 9 p.m. meridian 6 p.m. rising 3 p.m. Daylight 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
108
Libra the Scales
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α1 α2 β γ δ ε ζ1 ζ2 ζ3 η θ ι1 ι2 κ λ µ ν ξ1 ξ2 ο1 σ2 τ υ
14 h 14 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 14 h 15 h 14 h 14 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h
−15° −16° −09° −14° −08° −10° −16° −16° −16° −15° −16° −19° −19° −19° −20° −14° −16° −11° −11° −15° −25° −29° −28°
5.15 2.75 2.61 3.91 4.92 4.94 5.64 5.82 5.50 5.41 4.15 4.54 6.08 4.74 5.03 5.31 5.20 5.80 5.46 6.30 3.29 3.66 3.58
50 m 50 m 17 m 35 m 00 m 24 m 28 m 30 m 32 m 44 m 53 m 12 m 13 m 41 m 53 m 49 m 06 m 54 m 56 m 21 m 04 m 38 m 37 m
41.1 s 52.6 s 00.3 s 31.5 s 58.3 s 11.8 s 15.3 s 40.3 s 55.1 s 04.3 s 49.4 s 13.2 s 19.1 s 56.7 s 20.0 s 19.0 s 37.5 s 22.8 s 46.0 s 01.2 s 04.1 s 39.3 s 01.4 s
59′ 02′ 22′ 47′ 31′ 19′ 42′ 36′ 51′ 40′ 43′ 47′ 38′ 40′ 10′ 08′ 15′ 53′ 24′ 32′ 16′ 46′ 08′
50′′ 31′′ 59′′ 22′′ 08′′ 20′′ 59′′ 34′′ 11′′ 22′′ 46′′ 30′′ 51′′ 44′′ 02′′ 56′′ 24′′ 54′′ 35′′ 54′′ 55′′ 40′′ 06′′
The Constellations
109
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 5897
Globular Cluster
15 h 17 m 24.0 s
−21° 01.0′
8.6
Libra 12 Noon meridian 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. rising setting
3 a.m. meridian Midnight rising 9 p.m.
6 p.m.
3 p.m. Daylight
setting 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
110
Lupus the Wolf
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ1 κ2 λ µ ν1 ν2 ξ1 ξ2 ο π1 π2 ρ σ τ1 τ2 υ
14 h 14 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 16 h 16 h 14 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 14 h 15 h 15 h 14 h 14 h 14 h 14 h 15 h
−47° −43° −41° −40° −44° −52° −38° −36° −46° −48° −48° −45° −47° −47° −48° −33° −33° −43° −47° −47° −49° −50° −45° −45° −39°
2.30 2.68 2.78 3.22 3.37 3.41 3.41 4.23 3.55 3.87 5.69 4.05 4.27 5.00 5.65 5.37 5.73 4.32 4.72 4.82 4.05 4.42 4.56 4.35 5.37
41 m 58 m 35 m 21 m 22 m 12 m 00 m 06 m 19 m 11 m 11 m 08 m 18 m 22 m 21 m 56 m 56 m 51 m 05 m 05 m 37 m 32 m 26 m 26 m 24 m
55.7 s 31.8 s 08.3 s 22.2 s 40.8 s 17.0 s 07.2 s 35.4 s 24.1 s 56.0 s 57.5 s 50.5 s 31.9 s 08.2 s 48.1 s 53.4 s 54.1 s 38.3 s 07.1 s 07.1 s 53.1 s 36.8 s 08.1 s 10.7 s 44.8 s
23′ 08′ 10′ 38′ 41′ 05′ 23′ 48′ 03′ 44′ 44′ 16′ 52′ 55′ 19′ 57′ 57′ 34′ 03′ 03′ 25′ 27′ 13′ 22′ 42′
17′′ 02′′ 00′′ 52′′ 22′′ 57′′ 49′′ 08′′ 28′′ 16′′ 37′′ 47′′ 30′′ 40′′ 03′′ 59′′ 51′′ 31′′ 04′′ 04′′ 32′′ 25′′ 17′′ 46′′ 37′′
The Constellations
111
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
ϕ1 ϕ2 χ ψ1 ψ2 ω
15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h
−36° −36° −33° −34° −34° −42°
3.56 4.54 3.95 4.67 4.75 4.33
21 m 23 m 50 m 39 m 42 m 38 m
48.3 s 09.2 s 57.4 s 45.9 s 40.9 s 03.1 s
15′ 51′ 37′ 24′ 42′ 34′
41′′ 30′′ 38′′ 42′′ 38′′ 02′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster
14 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h
−54° −54° −33° −50° −37°
8.8 6.5 7.8 8.3 7.5
5749 5822 5824 5927 5986
48 m 05 m 04 m 28 m 46 m
54.0 s 12.0 s 00.0 s 00.0 s 06.0 s
31.0′ 21.0′ 04.0′ 40.0′ 47.0′
Lupus 12 Noon setting Daylight
meridian
9 a.m.
rising 6 a.m. setting 3 a.m. rising
meridian
Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
112
Lynx the Lynx
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α
9 h 21 m 03.2 s
+34° 23′ 33′′
3.13
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 2683
UFO Galaxy
08 h 52 m 41.8 s
+33° 25.3′
9.7
The Constellations
113 Lynx
12 Noon setting Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m. meridian 3 a.m. setting
rising
Midnight meridian 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight
rising 3 p.m.
12 Noon
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
114
Lyra the Lyre
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ1 δ2 ε1 ε2 ε3 ε4 ζ1 ζ2 η θ ι κ λ µ ν1 ν2
18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 18 h 19 h 18 h 18 h 18 h
+38° +33° +32° +36° +36° +39° +39° +39° +39° +37° +37° +39° +38° +36° +36° +32° +39° +32° +32°
0.03 3.45 3.24 5.58 4.30 5.06 6.02 5.14 5.37 4.36 5.73 4.39 4.36 5.28 4.33 4.93 5.12 5.91 5.25
36 m 50 m 58 m 53 m 54 m 44 m 44 m 44 m 44 m 44 m 44 m 13 m 16 m 07 m 19 m 00 m 24 m 49 m 49 m
56.2 s 04.7 s 56.5 s 43.5 s 30.1 s 20.3 s 20.2 s 22.8 s 22.8 s 46.3 s 48.1 s 45.4 s 22.0 s 18.0 s 51.6 s 00.8 s 13.7 s 45.8 s 52.8 s
47′ 21′ 41′ 58′ 53′ 40′ 40′ 36′ 36′ 36′ 35′ 08′ 08′ 06′ 03′ 08′ 30′ 48′ 33′
01′′ 46′′ 22′′ 18′′ 56′′ 12′′ 15′′ 46′′ 46′′ 18′′ 40′′ 46′′ 01′′ 01′′ 52′′ 44′′ 26′′ 46′′ 03′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M56 M57 NGC 6791
Globular Cluster The Ring Nebula Open Cluster
19 h 16 m 36.0 s 18 h 53 m 35.1 s 19 h 20 m 42.0 s
+30° 11.0′ +33° 01.7′ +37° 51.0′
8.3 8.8 9.5
The Constellations
115 Lyra
12 Noon
9 a.m. Daylight rising
6 a.m. setting 3 a.m. meridian Midnight rising 9 p.m. setting 6 p.m.
3 p.m. Daylight
meridian 12 Noon
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
116
Mensa the Table Mountain
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ π
06 h 05 h 05 h 04 h 07 h 06 h 04 h 06 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 04 h 04 h 04 h 05 h
−74° −71° −76° −80° −79° −80° −74° −79° −78° −79° −72° −70° −81° −82° −80°
5.09 5.31 5.19 5.69 5.53 5.64 5.47 5.45 6.05 5.47 6.53 5.54 5.79 5.85 5.65
10 m 02 m 31 m 17 m 25 m 40 m 55 m 56 m 35 m 50 m 47 m 43 m 20 m 58 m 37 m
14.6 s 43.2 s 53.0 s 59.2 s 38.2 s 02.8 s 11.3 s 34.5 s 36.5 s 16.5 s 48.9 s 04.1 s 58.0 s 50.9 s 08.8 s
45′ 18′ 20′ 12′ 05′ 48′ 56′ 25′ 49′ 21′ 42′ 55′ 34′ 28′ 28′
11′′ 50′′ 28′′ 51′′ 38′′ 49′′ 13′′ 13′′ 15′′ 41′′ 09′′ 52′′ 48′′ 14′′ 09′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 1711
Open Cluster
04 h 50 m 36.2 s
−69° 59.1′
10.0
The Constellations
117 Mensa
12 Noon
9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. meridian 3 a.m.
Midnight
9 p.m.
meridian
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
The constellation Mensa is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
118
Microscopium the Microscope
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ1 θ2 ι ν
20 h 20 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 21 h 20 h 20 h
−33° −33° −32° −30° −32° −38° −41° −40° −41° −43° −44°
4.90 6.04 4.67 5.68 4.71 5.30 5.53 4.82 5.77 5.11 5.11
49 m 51 m 01 m 06 m 17 m 02 m 06 m 20 m 24 m 48 m 33 m
58.0 s 58.7 s 17.4 s 01.0 s 56.2 s 57.8 s 25.4 s 45.5 s 24.7 s 29.0 s 55.0 s
46′ 10′ 15′ 07′ 10′ 37′ 23′ 48′ 00′ 59′ 30′
48′′ 38′′ 28′′ 31′′ 21′′ 54′′ 10′′ 35′′ 24′′ 19′′ 58′′
The Constellations
119 Microscopium
12 Noon rising
Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m. setting 3 a.m.
meridian rising
Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m.
setting Daylight
3 p.m. meridian 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
120
Monoceros the Unicorn
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β1 β2 β3 γ δ ε ζ
7h 6h 6h 6h 6h 7h 6h 8h
−09° −07° −07° −07° −06° −00° +04° −02°
3.93 4.60 5.40 5.60 3.98 4.15 4.44 4.34
41 m 28 m 28 m 28 m 14 m 11 m 23 m 08 m
14.8 s 48.9 s 49.4 s 49.4 s 51.3 s 51.8 s 46.0 s 35.6 s
33′ 01′ 02′ 02′ 16′ 29′ 35′ 59′
04′′ 59′′ 04′′ 04′′ 29′′ 34′′ 34′′ 02′′
The Constellations
121
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
M50 NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
2215 2232 2236 2237 2239 2250 2251 2252 2254 2264
07 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h
02 m 20 m 28 m 29 m 30 m 31 m 34 m 34 m 34 m 35 m 40 m
42.3 s 49.2 s 01.1 s 39.7 s 54.6 s 55.6 s 01.5 s 38.5 s 42.9 s 49.7 s 58.3 s
−08° −07° −04° +06° +05° +04° −05° +08° +05° +07° +09°
23.5′ 17.0′ 50.8′ 49.8′ 02.9′ 56.6′ 00.3′ 22.0′ 22.0′ 40.4′ 53.7′
5.9 8.4 3.9 8.5 8.9 4.8 8.9 7.3 7.7 9.1 3.9
NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
2269 2286 2301 2302 2311 2324 2335 2343 2353 2506
Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Rosette Nebula Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Cone Nebula & Christmas Tree Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
Mag.
06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 08 h
43 m 47 m 51 m 51 m 57 m 04 m 06 m 08 m 14 m 00 m
17.1 s 40.1 s 45.3 s 56.7 s 47.5 s 07.9 s 49.5 s 06.8 s 30.3 s 01.7 s
+04° −03° +00° −07° −04° +01° −10° −10° −10° −10°
37.5′ 08.9′ 27.5′ 05.1′ 36.7′ 02.7′ 01.7′ 37.0′ 15.9′ 46.2′
10.0 7.5 6.0 8.9 9.6 8.4 7.2 6.7 7.1 7.6
Monoceros 12 Noon Daylight
setting
9 a.m.
6 a.m. meridian 3 a.m. rising
setting
Midnight meridian 9 p.m.
6 p.m.
rising
Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
122
Musca the Fly
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ1 ζ2 η θ ι1 ι2 λ µ
12 h 12 h 12 h 13 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 13 h 13 h 13 h 13 h 11 h 11 h
−69° −68° −72° −71° −67° −67° −68° −67° −65° −74° −74° −66° −66°
2.69 3.05 3.87 3.62 4.11 5.15 5.74 4.80 5.51 5.05 6.63 3.64 4.72
37 m 46 m 32 m 02 m 17 m 22 m 22 m 15 m 08 m 25 m 27 m 45 m 48 m
11.0 s 16.9 s 28.0 s 16.3 s 34.2 s 07.4 s 11.9 s 14.9 s 07.0 s 07.2 s 18.3 s 36.4 s 14.4 s
08′ 06′ 07′ 32′ 57′ 31′ 18′ 53′ 18′ 53′ 41′ 43′ 48′
08′′ 29′′ 58′′ 56′′ 38′′ 20′′ 27′′ 41′′ 22′′ 16′′ 30′′ 43′′ 53′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC NGC NGC NGC
Globular Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster
12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h
−72° −64° −64° −70°
7.8 7.2 8.6 7.4
4372 4463 4815 4833
25 m 29 m 58 m 59 m
45.4 s 55.2 s 00.0 s 36.0 s
39.5′ 47.4′ 57.0′ 53.0′
The Constellations
123 Musca
12 Noon meridian 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m. meridian Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apl
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
The constellation Musca is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
124
Norma the Carpenter's Square
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
γ1 γ2 δ ε ζ η θ ι1 ι2 κ λ µ
16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h
−50° −50° −45° −47° −55° −49° −47° −57° −57° −54° −42° −44°
4.99 4.02 4.72 4.47 5.81 4.65 5.14 4.63 5.57 4.94 5.45 4.94
17 m 19 m 06 m 27 m 13 m 03 m 15 m 03 m 09 m 13 m 19 m 34 m
00.8 s 50.3 s 29.3 s 11.0 s 22.5 s 12.7 s 15.2 s 31.9 s 18.4 s 28.6 s 17.6 s 04.8 s
04′ 09′ 10′ 33′ 32′ 13′ 22′ 46′ 56′ 37′ 40′ 02′
05′′ 20′′ 23′′ 18′′ 27′′ 47′′ 20′′ 31′′ 03′′ 50′′ 26′′ 43′′
The Constellations
125
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
15 h 15 h 15 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h
−54° −50° −56° −54° −54° −57° −51° −49° −52° −49° −44°
8.4 9.6 9.0 8.5 5.6 5.4 9.8 7.2 8.1 6.7 6.6
5925 5946 5999 6031 6067 6087 6115 6134 6152 6167 6169
27 m 35 m 52 m 07 m 13 m 18 m 24 m 27 m 32 m 34 m 34 m
42.0 s 30.0 s 12.0 s 35.0 s 11.0 s 50.5 s 26.3 s 46.5 s 45.5 s 34.9 s 04.6 s
31.0′ 40.0′ 28.0′ 00.9′ 13.1′ 56.1′ 56.9′ 09.1′ 38.6′ 46.3′ 02.7′
Norma
12 Noon
rising
setting meridian
9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. setting
3 a.m.
meridian rising
Midnight 9 p.m. 6 p.m.
Daylight 3 p.m. 12 Noon Jan
Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Jul
Aug Sep
Oct Nov Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
126
Octans the Octant
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ1 γ2 γ3 δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ1 µ2 ν ξ π1 π2 ρ σ τ υ ϕ χ ψ ω
21 h 22 h 00 h 23 h 23 h 14 h 22 h 08 h 10 h 00 h 12 h 13 h 21 h 20 h 20 h 21 h 22 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 21 h 23 h 22 h 18 h 18 h 22 h 15 h
−77° −81° −82° −82° −82° −83° −80° −85° −84° −77° −85° −85° −82° −76° −75° −77° −80° −83° −83° −84° −88° −87° −85° −75° −87° −77° −84°
5.15 4.15 5.28 5.11 5.73 4.32 5.10 5.42 6.19 4.78 5.46 5.58 5.29 6.00 6.55 3.76 5.35 5.65 5.65 5.57 5.47 5.49 5.77 5.47 5.28 5.51 5.91
04 m 46 m 10 m 52 m 57 m 26 m 20 m 56 m 59 m 01 m 54 m 40 m 50 m 42 m 41 m 41 m 50 m 01 m 04 m 43 m 08 m 28 m 31 m 23 m 54 m 17 m 11 m
42.8 s 03.3 s 02.3 s 06.8 s 32.8 s 54.8 s 01.4 s 41.9 s 14.0 s 35.8 s 58.9 s 55.8 s 54.2 s 03.1 s 43.6 s 28.6 s 22.9 s 50.2 s 46.6 s 17.0 s 44.8 s 03.9 s 37.6 s 36.0 s 44.3 s 50.0 s 08.2 s
01′ 22′ 13′ 01′ 10′ 40′ 26′ 39′ 35′ 03′ 07′ 47′ 43′ 10′ 21′ 23′ 07′ 13′ 02′ 27′ 57′ 28′ 58′ 02′ 36′ 30′ 47′
26′′ 54′′ 27′′ 08′′ 12′′ 04′′ 23′′ 47′′ 37′′ 57′′ 24′′ 09′′ 09′′ 50′′ 02′′ 24′′ 27′′ 39′′ 17′′ 55′′ 24′′ 57′′ 03′′ 39′′ 21′′ 42′′ 15′′
The Constellations
127 Octans
12 Noon
9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m. meridian Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m. meridian 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
The constellation Octans is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
128
Ophiuchus the Serpent Holder
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο1 ο2 ρ1 ρ2 σ τ1 τ2 υ ϕ χ ψ ω
17 h 17 h 17 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 17 h 17 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 16 h 16 h 17 h 18 h 18 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h
+12° +04° +02° −03° −04° −10° −15° −24° +10° +09° +01° −08° −09° −21° −24° −24° −23° −23° +04° −08° −08° −08° −16° −18° −20° −21°
2.08 2.77 3.75 2.74 3.24 2.56 2.43 3.27 4.38 3.20 3.82 4.62 3.34 4.39 5.20 6.80 5.02 5.92 4.34 5.94 5.24 4.63 4.28 4.42 4.50 4.45
34 m 43 m 47 m 14 m 18 m 37 m 10 m 22 m 54 m 57 m 30 m 37 m 59 m 21 m 18 m 18 m 25 m 25 m 26 m 03 m 03 m 27 m 31 m 27 m 24 m 32 m
56.0 s 28.3 s 53.5 s 20.6 s 19.2 s 09.4 s 22.6 s 00.5 s 00.4 s 40.0 s 54.7 s 50.6 s 01.5 s 00.1 s 00.6 s 00.4 s 35.1 s 35.0 s 30.8 s 04.8 s 04.8 s 48.1 s 08.2 s 01.3 s 06.1 s 08.0 s
33′ 34′ 42′ 41′ 41′ 34′ 43′ 59′ 09′ 22′ 59′ 07′ 46′ 06′ 17′ 17′ 26′ 26′ 08′ 10′ 10′ 22′ 36′ 27′ 02′ 27′
36′′ 02′′ 26′′ 40′′ 33′′ 02′′ 29′′ 58′′ 55′′ 30′′ 02′′ 08′′ 25′′ 46′′ 13′′ 03′′ 50′′ 46′′ 25′′ 50′′ 50′′ 18′′ 46′′ 23′′ 15′′ 59′′
The Constellations
129
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M9 M10 M12 M14 M19 M62 M107 NGC 6235 NGC 6284 NGC 6287 NGC 6293 NGC 6304 NGC 6316 NGC 6342 NGC 6355 NGC 6356 NGC 6366 NGC 6401 NGC 6572 NGC 6633
Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Planetary Nebula Open Cluster
17 h 16 h 16 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 16 h 16 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 18 h 18 h
−18° −04° −01° −03° −26° −30° −13° −22° −24° −22° −26° −29° −28° −19° −26° −17° −05° −23° +06° +06°
7.6 6.6 6.8 7.6 6.7 6.7 8.1 10.0 8.9 9.3 8.2 8.4 8.8 9.8 9.7 8.2 8.9 9.5 8.1 4.6
19 m 57 m 47 m 37 m 02 m 01 m 32 m 53 m 04 m 05 m 10 m 14 m 16 m 21 m 24 m 23 m 27 m 38 m 12 m 27 m
12.0 s 06.0 s 12.0 s 36.0 s 36.0 s 12.0 s 31.9 s 24.0 s 30.0 s 12.0 s 12.0 s 30.0 s 36.0 s 12.0 s 00.0 s 36.0 s 42.0 s 36.0 s 06.4 s 42.0 s
31.0′ 06.0′ 57.0′ 15.0′ 16.0′ 07.0′ 03.2′ 11.0′ 46.0′ 42.0′ 35.0′ 28.0′ 08.0′ 35.0′ 21.0′ 49.0′ 05.0′ 55.0′ 51.2′ 34.0′
Ophiuchus 12 Noon meridian 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. rising setting
3 a.m. meridian Midnight
rising
9 p.m.
6 p.m.
3 p.m.
setting Daylight
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
130
Orion the Great Hunter
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ1 δ2 ε ζ1 ζ2 η θ1 θ2 θ3 θ4 θ5 ι κ λ1 λ2 µ ν ξ ο1 ο2 π1 π2 π3 π4 π5 π6 ρ
5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 6h 6h 6h 4h 4h 4h 4h 4h 4h 4h 4h 5h
+07° −08° +06° −00° −00° −01° −01° −01° −02° −05° −05° −05° −05° −05° −05° −09° +09° +09° +09° +14° +14° +14° +13° +10° +08° +06° +05° +02° +01° +02°
0.50 0.12 1.64 6.85 2.23 1.70 2.05 4.20 3.36 6.73 7.96 5.13 6.70 6.39 2.77 2.06 3.66 5.56 4.12 4.42 4.48 4.74 4.07 4.65 4.36 3.19 3.69 3.72 4.47 4.46
55 m 14 m 25 m 32 m 32 m 36 m 40 m 40 m 24 m 35 m 35 m 35 m 35 m 35 m 35 m 47 m 35 m 35 m 02 m 07 m 11 m 52 m 56 m 54 m 50 m 49 m 51 m 54 m 58 m 13 m
10.3 s 32.2 s 07.8 s 00.4 s 00.3 s 12.7 s 45.5 s 45.5 s 28.6 s 15.8 s 16.0 s 16.4 s 17.2 s 22.8 s 25.9 s 45.3 s 08.2 s 08.4 s 23.0 s 34.3 s 56.4 s 31.9 s 22.2 s 53.7 s 36.7 s 50.3 s 12.3 s 15.0 s 32.8 s 17.4 s
24′ 12′ 20′ 17′ 17′ 12′ 56′ 56′ 23′ 23′ 23′ 23′ 23′ 24′ 54′ 40′ 56′ 56′ 38′ 46′ 12′ 15′ 30′ 09′ 54′ 57′ 36′ 26′ 42′ 51′
25′′ 06′′ 59′′ 04′′ 57′′ 07′′ 34′′ 34′′ 49′′ 14′′ 07′′ 23′′ 16′′ 58′′ 36′′ 11′′ 03′′ 06′′ 51′′ 06′′ 31′′ 02′′ 52′′ 03′′ 01′′ 41′′ 18′′ 26′′ 51′′ 40′′
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
σ τ υ ϕ1 ϕ2 χ1 χ2 ψ1 ψ2 ω
5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 5h 6h 5h 5h 5h
−02 ° 36′ 00′′ −06 ° 50′ 40′′ −07° 18′ 06′′ +09° 29′ 22′′ +09° 17′ 26′′ +20° 16′ 34′′ +20° 08′ 18′′ +01° 50′ 47′′ +03° 05′ 44′′ +04° 07′ 17′′
3.81 3.60 4.62 4.41 4.09 4.41 4.63 4.95 4.59 4.57
38 m 17 m 31 m 34 m 36 m 54 m 03 m 24 m 26 m 39 m
44.7 s 36.3 s 55.8 s 49.2 s 54.3 s 22.9 s 55.2 s 44.8 s 50.2 s 11.1 s
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M42 M43 M78 NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Great Nebula deMairan’s Nebula Diffuse Nebula Open Cluster Diffuse Nebula Diffuse Nebula Diffuse Nebula Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Diffuse Nebula Diffuse Nebula Diffuse Nebula Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
05 h 05 h 05 h 04 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h 06 h
−05° −05° +00° +10° −03° −04° −04° −04° −05° −04° −06° −02° +00° +00° +10° +13° +20° +05° +12°
3.7 7.0 8.0 6.4 9.0 7.0 7.0 4.2 2.5 4.2 9.0 9.0 8.0 9.1 9.4 5.9 6.8 8.7 8.5
1662 1788 1973 1975 1977 1980 1981 1999 2023 2071 2112 2141 2169 2175 2186 2194
35 m 35 m 46 m 48 m 06 m 35 m 35 m 35 m 35 m 35 m 36 m 41 m 47 m 53 m 02 m 08 m 09 m 12 m 13 m
16.5 s 31.3 s 45.8 s 28.9 s 53.1 s 04.8 s 18.3 s 15.8 s 25.9 s 09.6 s 25.3 s 38.3 s 07.3 s 45.2 s 55.1 s 24.3 s 39.6 s 07.1 s 45.9 s
23.4′ 16.1′ 04.7′ 55.8′ 20.5′ 43.9′ 41.1′ 50.7′ 54.6′ 25.5′ 42.9′ 15.5′ 17.6′ 24.6′ 26.8′ 57.9′ 29.2′ 27.5′ 48.4′
Orion 12 Noon
9 a.m.
setting
Daylight 6 a.m.
meridian 3 a.m. rising Midnight setting 9 p.m. meridian 6 p.m. rising Daylight
3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
132
Pavo the Peacock
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ1 µ2 ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ υ ϕ1 ϕ2 ω
20 h 20 h 21 h 20 h 20 h 18 h 17 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 20 h 20 h 18 h 18 h 21 h 18 h 20 h 20 h 19 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 18 h
−56° −66° −65° −66° −72° −71° −64° −65° −62° −67° −62° −66° −66° −62° −61° −70° −63° −61° −68° −69° −66° −60° −60° −60°
1.94 3.42 4.22 3.56 3.96 4.01 3.62 5.73 5.49 4.44 4.22 5.76 5.31 4.64 4.36 5.02 4.35 4.88 5.41 6.27 5.15 4.76 5.12 5.14
25 m 44 m 26 m 08 m 00 m 43 m 45 m 48 m 10 m 56 m 52 m 00 m 01 m 31 m 23 m 13 m 08 m 37 m 49 m 16 m 41 m 35 m 40 m 58 m
38.8 s 57.4 s 26.7 s 43.2 s 35.4 s 02.1 s 43.9 s 37.8 s 26.1 s 57.0 s 12.9 s 22.9 s 52.3 s 22.3 s 13.5 s 20.4 s 34.7 s 35.2 s 18.0 s 28.5 s 57.1 s 34.7 s 02.4 s 36.3 s
44′ 12′ 21′ 10′ 54′ 25′ 43′ 04′ 00′ 14′ 11′ 56′ 56′ 16′ 29′ 07′ 40′ 31′ 46′ 11′ 45′ 34′ 32′ 12′
07′′ 11′′ 59′′ 56′′ 38′′ 42′′ 26′′ 40′′ 08′′ 01′′ 16′′ 58′′ 39′′ 42′′ 38′′ 36′′ 06′′ 48′′ 36′′ 26′′ 39′′ 54′′ 56′′ 02′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 6744 NGC 6752
Galaxy Globular Cluster
19 h 09 m 48.0 s 19 h 10 m 54.0 s
−63° 51.0′ −59° 59.0′
9.2 5.4
The Constellations
133 Pavo
12 Noon
9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m. meridian Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m. meridian 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
The constellation Pavo is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
134
Pegasus the Flying Horse
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο π1 π2 ρ σ τ υ ϕ χ ψ
23 h 23 h 00 h 21 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 21 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 23 h 23 h 23 h 00 h 23 h
+15° +28° +15° +09° +10° +30° +06° +25° +25° +23° +24° +05° +12° +29° +33° +33° +08° +09° +23° +23° +19° +20° +25°
2.49 2.42 2.83 2.39 3.40 2.94 3.53 3.76 4.13 3.95 3.48 4.84 4.19 4.79 5.58 4.29 4.90 5.16 4.60 4.40 5.08 4.80 4.66
04 m 03 m 13 m 44 m 41 m 43 m 10 m 07 m 44 m 46 m 50 m 05 m 46 m 41 m 09 m 09 m 55 m 52 m 20 m 25 m 52 m 14 m 57 m
45.6 s 46.4 s 14.1 s 11.1 s 27.6 s 00.1 s 11.9 s 00.6 s 38.6 s 31.8 s 00.1 s 40.7 s 41.5 s 45.3 s 13.5 s 59.2 s 13.6 s 24.0 s 38.2 s 22.7 s 29.2 s 36.1 s 45.5 s
12′ 04′ 11′ 52′ 49′ 13′ 11′ 20′ 38′ 33′ 36′ 03′ 10′ 18′ 10′ 10′ 48′ 50′ 44′ 24′ 07′ 12′ 08′
19′′ 58′′ 01′′ 30′′ 53′′ 17′′ 52′′ 42′′ 42′′ 56′′ 06′′ 31′′ 22′′ 27′′ 21′′ 42′′ 58′′ 09′′ 25′′ 15′′ 13′′ 24′′ 29′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M15 NGC 7331
Globular Cluster Spiral Galaxy
21 h 29 m 58.4 s 22 h 37 m 06.0 s
+12° 10.0′ +34° 25.0′
6.0 9.5
The Constellations
135 Pegasus
12 Noon rising 9 a.m.
Daylight
6 a.m. setting 3 a.m. meridian Midnight rising 9 p.m. setting 6 p.m.
3 p.m.
Daylight
meridian
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
136
Perseus the Hero
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ ϕ ψ ω
3h 3h 3h 3h 3h 3h 2h 2h 3h 3h 4h 4h 3h 3h 3h 2h 3h 3h 2h 1h 3h 3h
+49° +40° +53° +47° +40° +31° +55° +49° +49° +44° +50° +48° +42° +35° +32° +39° +38° +47° +52° +50° +48° +39°
1.79 2.12 2.93 3.01 2.89 2.85 3.76 4.12 4.05 3.80 4.29 4.14 3.77 4.04 3.83 4.70 3.39 4.36 3.95 4.07 4.23 4.63
24 m 08 m 04 m 42 m 57 m 54 m 50 m 44 m 09 m 09 m 06 m 14 m 45 m 58 m 44 m 58 m 05 m 30 m 54 m 43 m 36 m 11 m
19.3 s 10.1 s 47.7 s 55.4 s 51.2 s 07.9 s 41.8 s 11.9 s 04.0 s 29.7 s 35.0 s 53.8 s 11.6 s 57.8 s 19.1 s 45.6 s 10.5 s 34.4 s 15.4 s 39.6 s 29.3 s 17.3 s
51′ 57′ 30′ 47′ 00′ 53′ 53′ 13′ 36′ 51′ 21′ 24′ 34′ 47′ 17′ 39′ 50′ 59′ 45′ 41′ 11′ 36′
41′′ 21′′ 23′′ 15′′ 37′′ 01′′ 44′′ 43′′ 48′′ 27′′ 05′′ 34′′ 43′′ 28′′ 18′′ 46′′ 25′′ 43′′ 45′′ 20′′ 34′′ 42′′
The Constellations
137
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M34 M76 NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Cluster Little Dumbbell Nebula Open Cluster part of Double Cluster part of Double Cluster Open Cluster Galaxy Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster California Nebula Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
02 h 01 h 01 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 02 h 03 h 03 h 03 h 04 h 04 h 04 h 04 h 04 h 04 h
+42° +51° +55° +57° +57° +57° +39° +47° +37° +52° +52° +36° +49° +51° +50° +43°
5.2 10.1 7.9 5.3 6.1 7.6 9.2 8.4 6.7 6.6 9.6 6.0 8.4 6.4 6.2 7.0
744 869 884 957 1023 1245 1342 1444 1496 1499 1513 1528 1545 1582
42 m 42 m 58 m 19 m 22 m 33 m 40 m 14 m 31 m 49 m 04 m 03 m 09 m 15 m 20 m 32 m
07.4 s 18.1 s 29.9 s 03.8 s 32.1 s 19.0 s 23.9 s 41.5 s 40.1 s 22.9 s 31.9 s 14.4 s 54.7 s 18.9 s 56.3 s 00.0 s
44.8′ 34.3′ 28.5′ 08.1′ 08.6′ 34.2′ 03.8′ 14.3′ 22.5′ 39.7′ 39.7′ 22.1′ 31.0′ 12.7′ 15.3′ 50.9′
Perseus 12 Noon
rising
9 a.m. setting
Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m.
meridian
Midnight
rising
setting
9 p.m. meridian 6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
138
Phoenix the Firebird
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ1 λ2 µ ν ξ π ρ σ τ υ ϕ χ ψ ω
00 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 00 h 01 h 00 h 23 h 23 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 01 h 00 h 23 h 00 h 23 h 00 h 01 h 01 h 02 h 01 h 01 h
−42° −46° −43° −49° −45° −55° −57° −46° −42° −43° −48° −48° −46° −45° −56° −52° −50° −50° −48° −41° −42° −44° −46° −57°
2.39 3.31 3.41 3.95 3.88 3.92 4.36 6.09 4.71 3.94 4.77 5.51 4.59 4.96 5.70 5.13 5.22 5.18 5.71 5.21 5.11 5.14 4.41 6.11
26 m 06 m 28 m 31 m 09 m 08 m 43 m 39 m 35 m 26 m 31 m 35 m 41 m 15 m 41 m 58 m 50 m 47 m 01 m 07 m 54 m 01 m 53 m 02 m
17.0 s 05.0 s 21.9 s 15.0 s 24.6 s 23.0 s 21.2 s 27.9 s 04.5 s 12.1 s 24.9 s 41.0 s 19.5 s 11.1 s 46.3 s 55.7 s 41.0 s 15.9 s 04.4 s 47.8 s 21.9 s 42.3 s 38.7 s 01.8 s
18′ 43′ 19′ 04′ 44′ 14′ 27′ 38′ 36′ 40′ 48′ 00′ 05′ 31′ 30′ 44′ 59′ 13′ 48′ 29′ 29′ 42′ 18′ 00′
22′′ 08′′ 06′′ 22′′ 51′′ 45′′ 47′′ 16′′ 55′′ 48′′ 13′′ 04′′ 06′′ 54′′ 06′′ 45′′ 13′′ 35′′ 36′′ 14′′ 50′′ 48′′ 10′′ 09′′
The Constellations
139 Phoenix
12 Noon Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m. setting 3 a.m. meridian rising
Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m. setting Daylight
meridian
3 p.m. rising 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
140
Pictor the Painter’s Easel
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ζ η1 η2 θ ι1 ι2 κ λ µ ν
06 h 05 h 05 h 06 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 05 h 04 h 04 h 05 h 04 h 06 h 06 h
−61° −51° −56° −54° −50° −49° −49° −52° −53° −53° −56° −50° −58° −56°
3.27 3.85 4.51 4.81 5.45 5.38 5.03 6.27 5.61 6.42 6.11 5.31 5.70 5.61
48 m 47 m 49 m 10 m 19 m 02 m 04 m 24 m 50 m 50 m 22 m 42 m 31 m 22 m
11.4 s 17.1 s 49.6 s 17.9 s 22.0 s 48.6 s 57.9 s 46.1 s 55.1 s 56.3 s 22.2 s 46.3 s 58.4 s 55.8 s
56′ 03′ 10′ 58′ 36′ 09′ 34′ 18′ 27′ 27′ 08′ 28′ 45′ 22′
29′′ 59′′ 00′′ 07′′ 22′′ 05′′ 41′′ 59′′ 41′′ 35′′ 04′′ 52′′ 15′′ 12′′
The Constellations
141 Pictor
12 Noon
9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. meridian 3 a.m.
Midnight meridian 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
The constellation Pictor is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
142
Pisces the Fishes
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α1 α2 β γ δ ε ζ1 ζ2 η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ υ ϕ χ ψ1 ψ2 ψ3 ψ4 ω
02 h 02 h 23 h 23 h 00 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 23 h 23 h 23 h 23 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 23 h
+02° +02° +03° +03° +07° +07° +07° +07° +15° +06° +05° +01° +01° +06° +05° +03° +09° +12° +19° +31° +30° +27° +24° +21° +21° +21° +20° +19° +06°
5.28 4.16 4.48 3.70 4.44 4.27 5.28 6.43 3.62 4.27 4.13 4.95 4.49 4.84 4.45 4.61 4.26 5.54 5.35 5.50 4.51 4.74 4.67 4.66 5.33 5.52 5.56 5.57 4.03
02 m 02 m 03 m 17 m 48 m 02 m 13 m 13 m 31 m 27 m 39 m 26 m 42 m 30 m 41 m 53 m 45 m 37 m 26 m 02 m 11 m 19 m 13 m 11 m 05 m 05 m 07 m 09 m 59 m
02.7 s 02.7 s 52.5 s 09.9 s 40.9 s 56.5 s 43.8 s 45.2 s 28.9 s 58.0 s 57.0 s 55.9 s 02.7 s 11.1 s 25.8 s 33.3 s 23.6 s 05.9 s 15.2 s 49.0 s 39.6 s 27.9 s 44.8 s 27.1 s 40.9 s 41.6 s 57.1 s 49.1 s 18.6 s
45′ 45′ 49′ 16′ 35′ 53′ 34′ 34′ 20′ 22′ 37′ 15′ 46′ 08′ 29′ 11′ 09′ 08′ 10′ 48′ 05′ 15′ 35′ 02′ 28′ 27′ 44′ 39′ 51′
49′′ 49′′ 12′′ 56′′ 06′′ 24′′ 31′′ 42′′ 45′′ 44′′ 35′′ 20′′ 48′′ 38′′ 15′′ 15′′ 28′′ 30′′ 20′′ 16′′ 23′′ 51′′ 01′′ 05′′ 24′′ 56′′ 21′′ 31′′ 48′′
The Constellations
143
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M74
Galaxy
01 h 36 m 41.6 s
+15° 47.1′
9.4
Pisces 12 Noon Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m. setting 3 a.m. meridian Midnight
rising setting
9 p.m.
6 p.m.
meridian Daylight
3 p.m.
12 Noon
rising Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
144
Piscis Austrinus the Southern Fish
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι λ µ π τ υ
22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 22 h 21 h 21 h 22 h 22 h 23 h 22 h 22 h
−29° −32° −32° −32° −27° −26° −28° −30° −33° −27° −32° −34° −32° −34°
1.16 4.29 4.46 4.21 4.17 6.43 5.42 5.01 4.34 5.43 4.50 5.11 4.92 4.99
57 m 31 m 52 m 55 m 40 m 30 m 00 m 47 m 44 m 14 m 08 m 03 m 10 m 08 m
39.0 s 30.3 s 31.5 s 56.8 s 39.3 s 53.6 s 50.1 s 44.1 s 56.7 s 18.7 s 22.9 s 29.7 s 08.7 s 25.9 s
37′ 20′ 52′ 32′ 02′ 04′ 27′ 53′ 01′ 46′ 59′ 44′ 32′ 02′
20′′ 46′′ 32′′ 23′′ 37′′ 25′′ 13′′ 54′′ 33′′ 01′′ 19′′ 58′′ 55′′ 38′′
The Constellations
145 Piscis Austrinus
12 Noon Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m.
3 a.m.
setting meridian
Midnight rising 9 p.m. setting 6 p.m.
3 p.m.
12 Noon
meridian
Jan
Feb
Daylight
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
146
Puppis the Ship’s Stern
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
ζ ν ξ ο1 ο2 π ρ σ τ
08 h 06 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 08 h 07 h 06 h
−40° −43° −24° −39° −25° −37° −24° −43° −50°
2.25 3.17 3.34 6.76 4.50 2.70 2.81 3.25 2.93
03 m 37 m 49 m 33 m 48 m 17 m 07 m 29 m 49 m
35.0 s 45.6 s 17.6 s 58.4 s 05.1 s 08.5 s 32.6 s 13.8 s 56.1 s
00′ 11′ 51′ 54′ 56′ 05′ 18′ 18′ 36′
11′′ 45′′ 35′′ 21′′ 14′′ 51′′ 15′′ 05′′ 53′′
The Constellations
147
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M46 M47 M93 NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
07 h 07 h 07 h 06 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h
−14° −14° −23° −36° −11° −15° −20° −13° −31° −37° −27° −26° −38° −17° −24° −27° −30° −19° −28° −29° −12° −37° −30° −37° −29° −36° −30° −29°
6.1 4.4 6.2 9.2 7.4 7.9 8.3 6.7 6.9 2.8 8.3 7.1 5.8 9.6 7.3 7.6 7.9 9.3 6.5 7.6 6.5 6.3 7.4 10.0 7.0 7.5 9.7 9.2
2298 2396 2414 2421 2423 2439 2451 2453 2467 2477 2479 2482 2483 2489 2509 2527 2533 2539 2546 2567 2568 2571 2579 2580 2587
41 m 36 m 44 m 48 m 28 m 33 m 36 m 37 m 40 m 45 m 47 m 52 m 52 m 55 m 55 m 55 m 56 m 00 m 04 m 07 m 10 m 12 m 18 m 18 m 18 m 20 m 21 m 23 m
46.8 s 35.0 s 29.2 s 59.1 s 02.9 s 12.8 s 11.8 s 06.7 s 45.4 s 15.0 s 34.1 s 29.5 s 09.8 s 06.1 s 10.3 s 38.8 s 15.9 s 47.8 s 58.2 s 04.1 s 37.9 s 15.6 s 29.1 s 18.1 s 56.3 s 53.0 s 27.9 s 24.1 s
48.6′ 28.9′ 51.2′ 00.3′ 43.2′ 27.2′ 36.7′ 52.8′ 41.5′ 58.1′ 11.7′ 25.8′ 32.0′ 42.5′ 15.3′ 53.2′ 03.8′ 03.0′ 08.8 53.0′ 49.1′ 35.6′ 38.7′ 06.3′ 44.9′ 13.0′ 17.6′ 30.5′
Puppis 12 Noon
9 a.m. Daylight
setting
6 a.m. meridian 3 a.m. rising
setting Midnight meridian 9 p.m. rising 6 p.m.
3 p.m.
Daylight
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
148
Pyxis the Ship’s Compass
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ κ λ
08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 09 h 08 h 08 h 09 h 09 h 09 h
−33° −35° −27° −27° −30° −29° −26° −25° −25° −28°
3.68 3.97 4.01 4.89 5.59 4.89 5.27 4.72 4.58 4.69
43 m 40 m 50 m 55 m 09 m 39 m 37 m 21 m 08 m 23 m
35.5 s 06.2 s 31.9 s 31.5 s 56.4 s 42.5 s 52.1 s 29.6 s 02.8 s 12.1 s
11′ 18′ 42′ 40′ 21′ 33′ 15′ 57′ 51′ 50′
11′′ 29′′ 36′′ 55′′ 55′′ 40′′ 18′′ 56′′ 30′′ 02′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 2627 NGC 2658 NGC 2818
Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
08 h 37 m 14.9 s 08 h 43 m 27.3 s 09 h 16 m 00.0 s
−29° 57.0′ −32° 39.4′ −36° 37.0′
8.4 9.2 8.2
The Constellations
149 Pyxis
12 Noon setting 9 a.m.
Daylight
6 a.m.
meridian
3 a.m. setting
rising
Midnight meridian 9 p.m. rising 6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
150
Reticulum the Reticle
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ1 ζ2 η θ ι κ
04 h 03 h 04 h 03 h 04 h 03 h 03 h 04 h 04 h 04 h 03 h
−62° −64° −62° −61° −59° −62° −62° −63° −63° −61° −62°
3.35 3.85 4.51 4.56 4.44 5.54 5.24 5.24 5.87 4.97 4.72
14 m 44 m 00 m 58 m 16 m 17 m 18 m 21 m 17 m 01 m 29 m
25.5 s 12.0 s 53.8 s 44.7 s 28.9 s 46.1 s 12.8 s 53.4 s 39.7 s 18.2 s 22.6 s
28′ 48′ 09′ 24′ 18′ 34′ 30′ 23′ 15′ 04′ 56′
26′′ 26′′ 34′′ 01′′ 07′′ 32′′ 23′′ 11′′ 19′′ 44′′ 16′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 1313
Galaxy
03 h 18 m 16.0 s
−66° 29.9′
9.8
The Constellations
151 Reticulum
12 Noon 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. meridian 3 a.m.
Midnight 9 p.m. meridian 6 p.m.
Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
The constellation Reticulum is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
152
Sagitta the Arrow
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ
19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 20 h 20 h
+18° +17° +19° +18° +16° +19° +19° +20°
4.37 4.37 3.47 3.82 5.66 5.00 5.10 6.48
40 m 41 m 58 m 47 m 37 m 48 m 05 m 09 m
05.7 s 02.9 s 45.3 s 23.2 s 17.3 s 58.6 s 09.4 s 52.2 s
00′ 28′ 29′ 32′ 27′ 08′ 59′ 53′
50′′ 33′′ 32′′ 03′′ 46′′ 31′′ 28′′ 48′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M71
Globular Cluster
19 h 53 m 48.0 s
+18° 47.0′
8.0
The Constellations
153 Sagitta
12 Noon Daylight
rising
9 a.m.
6 a.m.
3 a.m.
setting meridian
Midnight rising 9 p.m. setting 6 p.m.
3 p.m. Daylight
meridian 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
154
Sagittarius the Archer
Star Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
Star Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β1 β2 γ1 γ2 δ ε ζ η θ1 θ2 ι κ1 κ2 λ µ
−40° −44° −44° −29° −30° −29° −34° −29° −36° −35° −34° −41° −42° −42° −25° −21°
3.97 4.01 4.29 4.69 2.99 2.70 1.85 2.60 3.11 4.37 5.30 4.13 5.59 5.64 2.81 3.86
ν1 ν2 ξ1 ξ2 ο π ρ1 ρ2 σ τ υ ϕ χ1 χ2 ψ ω
−22° −22° −20° −21° −21° −21° −17° −18° −26° −27° −15° −26° −24° −23° −25° −26°
4.83 4.99 5.08 3.51 3.77 2.89 3.93 5.87 2.02 3.32 4.61 3.17 5.03 5.43 4.85 4.70
Deep sky object M8 M17 M18 M20
19 h 19 h 19 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 19 h 18 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 20 h 20 h 18 h 18 h
23 m 22 m 23 m 05 m 05 m 20 m 24 m 02 m 17 m 59 m 59 m 55 m 22 m 23 m 27 m 13 m
53.0 s 38.2 s 13.1 s 01.2 s 48.4 s 59.6 s 10.3 s 36.6 s 37.5 s 44.1 s 51.2 s 15.5 s 27.4 s 53.1 s 58.1 s 45.7 s
Description Right ascension Lagoon Nebula Omega Nebula Open Cluster Trifid Nebula
36′ 27′ 47′ 34′ 25′ 49′ 23′ 52′ 45′ 16′ 41′ 52′ 02′ 25′ 25′ 03′
58′′ 32′′ 59′′ 48′′ 27′′ 41′′ 05′′ 49′′ 42′′ 35′′ 53′′ 06′′ 59′′ 23′′ 18′′ 32′′
Declination Mag.
18 h 03 m 48.0 s −24° 23.0′ 5.0 18 h 20 m 48.0 s −16° 11.0′ 6.0 18 h 19 m 54.0 s −17° 08.0′ 6.9 18 h 02 m 36.0 s −23° 02.0′ 9.0
18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 18 h 19 h 19 h 18 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h
54 m 55 m 57 m 57 m 04 m 09 m 21 m 21 m 55 m 06 m 21 m 45 m 25 m 25 m 15 m 55 m
10.1 s 07.0 s 20.4 s 43.7 s 40.9 s 45.7 s 40.3 s 50.8 s 15.8 s 56.3 s 43.5 s 39.3 s 16.4 s 29.6 s 32.3 s 50.3 s
Deep sky object
Description Right ascension
NGC 6530 NGC 6544 NGC 6546 NGC 6553
Open Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster
44′ 40′ 39′ 06′ 44′ 01′ 50′ 18′ 17′ 40′ 57′ 59′ 30′ 57′ 15′ 17′
42′′ 17′′ 23′′ 24′′ 30′′ 25′′ 50′′ 30′′ 48′′ 14′′ 18′′ 27′′ 31′′ 44′′ 24′′ 58′′
Declination
Mag.
18 h 04 m 48.0 s −24° 20.0′
4.6
18 h 07 m 18.0 s −25° 00.0′
8.1
18 h 07 m 12.0 s −23° 20.0′
8.0
18 h 09 m 18.0 s −25° 54.0′
8.1
The Constellations Deep sky object M21 M22 M23 M24 M25 M28 M54 M55 M69 M70 M75 NGC 6440 NGC 6469 NGC 6507 NGC 6520 NGC 6522 NGC 6528
155
Description Right ascension Open Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster Milky Way Patch Open Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster
Declination Mag.
18 h 04 m 36.0 s −22° 30.0′ 5.9 18 h 36 m 24.0 s −23° 54.0′ 5.1 17 h 56 m 48.0 s −19° 01.0′ 5.5 18 h 18 m 24.0 s −18° 25.0′ 4.6 18 h 31 m 36.0 s −19° 15.0′ 6.5 18 h 24 m 30.0 s −24° 52.0′ 6.8 18 h 55 m 06.0 s −30° 29.0′ 7.6 19 h 40 m 00.0 s −30° 58.0′ 6.4 18 h 31 m 24.0 s −32° 21.0′ 7.6 18 h 43 m 12.0 s −32° 18.0′ 8.0 20 h 06 m 06.0 s −21° 55.0′ 8.5 17 h 48 m 54.0 s −20° 22.0′ 9.1 17 h 52 m 54.0 s −22° 21.0′ 8.2 17 h 59 m 36.0 s −17° 24.0′ 9.6 18 h 03 m 24.0 s −27° 54.0′ 7.6 18 h 03 m 35.0 s −30° 02.1′ 8.4
Deep sky object
Description Right ascension
NGC 6558 NGC 6561 NGC 6568 NGC 6569 NGC 6583 NGC 6590 NGC 6624 NGC 6638 NGC 6642 NGC 6645 NGC 6647 NGC 6652 NGC 6716 NGC 6717 NGC 6723 NGC 6822
Globular Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Barnard’s Galaxy
Declination
Mag.
18 h 10 m 18.0 s −31° 46.0′
9.8
18 h 10 m 30.0 s −16° 48.0′
9.0
18 h 12 m 48.0 s −21° 36.0′
8.6
18 h 13 m 36.0 s −31° 50.0′
8.7
18 h 15 m 48.0 s −22° 08.0′ 10.0 18 h 17 m 00.0 s −19° 53.0′
7.0
18 h 23 m 42.0 s −30° 22.0′
8.0
18 h 30 m 54.0 s −25° 30.0′
9.1
18 h 31 m 54.0 s −23° 29.0′
9.4
18 h 32 m 36.0 s −16° 54.0′
8.5
18 h 31 m 30.0 s −17° 21.0′
8.0
18 h 35 m 48.0 s −32° 59.0′
8.8
18 h 54 m 36.0 s −19° 53.0′
7.5
18 h 55 m 06.0 s −22° 42.0′
9.2
18 h 59 m 36.0 s −36° 38.0′
7.2
19h 44 m 54.0 s
9.3
−14° 48.0′
18 h 04 m 48.0 s −30° 03.0′ 9.5
Sagittarius 12 Noon rising Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m.
3 a.m. rising
meridian
setting
Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m.
3 p.m.
setting Daylight
meridian 12 Noon Jan Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
156
Scorpius the Scorpion
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β1 β2 δ ε ζ1 ζ2 η θ ι1 ι2 κ λ µ1 µ2 ν1 ν2 ξ1 ξ2 ο π ρ σ τ υ χ ψ ω1 ω2
16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 15 h 15 h 16 h 16 h 17 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h
−26° −19° −19° −22° −34° −42° −42° −43° −42° −40° −40° −39° −37° −38° −38° −19° −19° −11° −11° −24° −26° −29° −25° −28° −37° −11° −10° −20° −20°
0.96 2.62 4.92 2.32 2.29 3.62 4.73 3.33 1.87 3.03 4.81 2.41 1.63 3.08 3.57 4.01 6.30 4.77 5.07 4.55 2.89 3.88 2.89 2.82 2.69 5.22 4.94 3.96 4.32
29 m 05 m 05 m 00 m 50 m 54 m 53 m 12 m 37 m 47 m 50 m 42 m 33 m 51 m 52 m 11 m 11 m 04 m 04 m 20 m 58 m 56 m 21 m 35 m 30 m 13 m 11 m 06 m 07 m
24.4 s 26.1 s 26.4 s 19.9 s 09.7 s 34.9 s 59.6 s 09.1 s 19.0 s 35.0 s 11.0 s 29.1 s 36.4 s 52.1 s 20.0 s 59.6 s 58.5 s 22.0 s 22.0 s 38.1 s 51.0 s 53.0 s 11.2 s 52.9 s 45.7 s 50.7 s 59.9 s 48.3 s 24.2 s
25′ 48′ 48′ 37′ 17′ 21′ 21′ 14′ 59′ 07′ 05′ 01′ 06′ 02′ 01′ 27′ 26′ 22′ 22′ 10′ 06′ 12′ 35′ 12′ 17′ 50′ 03′ 40′ 52′
55′′ 19′′ 07′′ 18′′ 36′′ 41′′ 43′′ 21′′ 52′′ 37′′ 26′′ 48′′ 13′′ 51′′ 03′′ 38′′ 59′′ 23′′ 23′′ 10′′ 51′′ 50′′ 34′′ 58′′ 45′′ 16′′ 51′′ 09′′ 07′′
The Constellations
157
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M4 M6 M7 M80 NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Globular Cluster Butterfly Cluster Ptolemy’s Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Planetary Nebula Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster Tom Thumb Cluster Globular Cluster Globular Cluster
16 h 17 h 17 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h 17 h
26° −32° −34° −22° −40° −38° −26° −45° −43° −41° −39° −44° −44° −39° −37° −37° −42° −32° −32° −44° −35° −36° −32° −31° −37° −30° −34° −44°
5.8 4.2 3.3 7.3 5.8 8.9 9.0 7.2 8.5 2.6 6.4 8.2 8.0 9.5 5.4 9.6 6.0 9.0 5.5 6.7 8.5 8.8 5.7 7.2 7.2 8.2 9.8 8.5
6124 6139 6144 6178 6192 6231 6242 6249 6259 6268 6281 6302 6322 6374 6383 6388 6396 6400 6416 6425 6441 6451 6453 6496
23 m 40 m 53 m 17 m 25 m 27 m 27 m 35 m 40 m 54 m 55 m 57 m 00 m 02 m 04 m 13 m 18 m 32 m 34 m 36 m 38 m 40 m 44 m 46 m 50 m 50 m 50 m 59 m
35.4 s 06.0 s 54.0 s 03.1 s 20.0 s 40.4 s 14.1 s 47.2 s 23.8 s 0.0 s 36.0 s 36.0 s 42.0 s 24.0 s 48.0 s 44.1 s 30.0 s 18.0 s 48.0 s 18.0 s 06.0 s 48.0 s 24.0 s 54.0 s 12.0 s 42.0 s 54.0 s 00.0 s
31.5′ 13.0′ 49.0′ 58.5′ 39.2′ 50.9′ 01.5′ 38.6′ 22.0′ 48.0′ 30.0′ 47.0′ 40.0′ 44.0′ 54.0′ 06.2′ 57.0′ 36.0′ 34.0′ 44.0′ 00.0′ 57.0′ 21.0′ 32.0′ 03.0′ 13.0′ 36.0′ 16.0′
Scorpius
12 Noon
rising 9 a.m.
Daylight
6 a.m. 3 a.m. rising
meridian
setting
Midnight 9 p.m. 6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m. setting 12 Noon
Jan
Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Jul
Aug Sep
Oct Nov Dec
meridian
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
158
Sculptor the Sculptor’s Workshop
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ1 κ2 λ1 λ2 µ ξ π σ τ
0h 23 h 23 h 23 h 01 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 23 h 01 h 01 h 01 h 01 h
−29° −37° −32° −28° −25° −29° −33° −35° −28° −27° −27° −38° −38° −32° −38° −32° −31° −29°
4.31 4.37 4.41 4.57 5.31 5.01 4.81 5.25 5.18 5.42 5.41 6.06 5.90 5.31 5.59 5.25 5.50 5.69
58 m 32 m 18 m 48 m 45 m 02 m 27 m 11 m 21 m 09 m 11 m 42 m 44 m 40 m 01 m 42 m 02 m 36 m
36.3 s 58.2 s 49.4 s 55.5 s 38.7 s 19.9 s 55.7 s 43.9 s 31.2 s 20.9 s 34.4 s 42.8 s 12.0 s 38.1 s 18.3 s 08.5 s 26.3 s 08.3 s
21′ 49′ 31′ 07′ 03′ 43′ 00′ 07′ 58′ 59′ 47′ 27′ 25′ 04′ 54′ 19′ 33′ 54′
28′′ 07′′ 55′′ 49′′ 10′′ 15′′ 26′′ 59′′ 54′′ 16′′ 59′′ 48′′ 18′′ 24′′ 59′′ 37′′ 07′′ 27′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Spiral Galaxy Silver Coin Galaxy Globular Cluster Galaxy Galaxy
00 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 23 h
−39° −25° −26° −37° −32°
7.9 7.1 8.1 8.1 9.1
55 253 288 300 7793
15 m 47 m 52 m 54 m 57 m
08.4 s 33.1 s 47.4 s 53.4 s 48.0 s
13.2′ 17.3′ 35.4′ 41.0′ 35.0′
The Constellations
159 Sculptor
12 Noon
9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. setting 3 a.m. meridian Midnight rising 9 p.m. setting 6 p.m. meridian
Daylight
3 p.m. rising 12 Noon
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
160
Scutum the Shield
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η
18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h
−08° −04° −14° −09° −08° −08° −05°
3.85 4.22 4.70 4.72 4.90 4.68 4.83
35 m 47 m 29 m 42 m 43 m 23 m 57 m
12.3 s 10.4 s 11.7 s 16.3 s 31.2 s 39.4 s 03.6 s
14′ 44′ 33′ 03′ 16′ 56′ 50′
39′′ 53′′ 57′′ 09′′ 31′′ 04′′ 46′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M11 M26 NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Wild Duck Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Globular Cluster
18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h
−06° −09° −12° −10° −08° −05° −08°
5.8 8.0 9.0 8.9 7.8 9.2 8.2
6625 6649 6664 6704 6712
51 m 45 m 23 m 33 m 36 m 50 m 53 m
06.0 s 12.0 s 12.0 s 30.0 s 42.0 s 54.0 s 06.0 s
16.0′ 24.0′ 03.0′ 24′ 13.0′ 12.0′ 42.0′
The Constellations
161 Scutum
12 Noon rising 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m.
setting
meridian
rising Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight
setting 3 p.m.
12 Noon
meridian Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
162
Serpens Caput the Serpent’s Head
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ1 δ2 ε ι κ λ µ π ρ σ τ1 τ2 τ3 τ4 τ5 τ6 τ7 υ ϕ χ ψ ω
15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 16 h 15 h 16 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h 15 h
+06° +15° +15° +10° +10° +04° +19° +18° +07° −03° +22° +20° +01° +15° +16° +17° +16° +16° +18° +17° +14° +14° +12° +02° +02°
2.65 3.67 3.85 3.80 3.80 3.71 4.52 4.09 4.43 3.53 4.83 4.76 4.82 5.17 6.22 6.12 5.93 6.01 5.81 6.14 5.71 5.54 5.33 5.88 5.23
44 m 46 m 56 m 34 m 34 m 50 m 41 m 48 m 46 m 49 m 02 m 51 m 22 m 25 m 32 m 35 m 36 m 40 m 41 m 44 m 47 m 57 m 41 m 44 m 50 m
16.0 s 11.2 s 27.1 s 48.0 s 48.1 s 48.9 s 33.0 s 44.3 s 26.5 s 37.1 s 17.7 s 15.8 s 04.3 s 47.3 s 09.6 s 33.1 s 29.2 s 59.1 s 54.6 s 42.1 s 17.2 s 14.5 s 47.3 s 01.6 s 17.5 s
25′ 25′ 39′ 32′ 32′ 28′ 40′ 08′ 21′ 25′ 48′ 58′ 01′ 25′ 03′ 39′ 07′ 01′ 27′ 15′ 06′ 24′ 50′ 30′ 11′
32′′ 18′′ 42′′ 15′′ 21′′ 40′′ 13′′ 29′′ 11′′ 49′′ 16′′ 40′′ 45′′ 41′′ 22′′ 20′′ 08′′ 29′′ 50′′ 51′′ 55′′ 52′′ 50′′ 54′′ 47′′
The Constellations
163
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M5
Globular Cluster
15 h 18 m 36.0 s
+02° 05.0′
5.7
Serpens Caput 12 Noon meridian 9 a.m.
Daylight
6 a.m.
rising
3 a.m. setting meridian Midnight rising 9 p.m.
6 p.m.
3 p.m. setting Daylight 12 Noon
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
164
Serpens Cauda the Serpent’s Tail
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
ζ η θ1 θ2 ν ξ ο
18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 17 h 17 h 17 h
−03° −02° +04° +04° −12° −15° −12°
4.62 3.26 4.62 4.98 4.33 3.54 4.26
00 m 21 m 56 m 56 m 20 m 37 m 41 m
28.8 s 18.5 s 13.1 s 14.5 s 49.5 s 35.1 s 24.8 s
41′ 53′ 12′ 12′ 50′ 23′ 52′
25′′ 56′′ 13′′ 07′′ 48′′ 55′′ 31′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M16 NGC 6539 NGC 6604 NGC 6605
Open Cluster Globular Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h
−13° −07° −12° −14°
6.0 9.8 6.5 6.0
18 m 04 m 18 m 17 m
48.0 s 48.0 s 06.0 s 06.0 s
47.0′ 35.0′ 14.0′ 58.0′
The Constellations
165 Serpens Cauda
12 Noon Daylight
rising
9 a.m.
6 a.m.
3 a.m. setting meridian Midnight rising 9 p.m.
6 p.m. setting 3 p.m. Daylight 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
166
Sextans the Sextant
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε
10 h 10 h 9h 10 h 10 h
−00° −00° −08° −02° −08°
4.49 5.09 5.05 5.21 5.24
07 m 30 m 52 m 29 m 17 m
56.2 s 17.4 s 30.4 s 28.6 s 37.7 s
22′ 38′ 06′ 44′ 04′
18′′ 13′′ 18′′ 21′′ 08′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 3115
The Spindle Galaxy
10 h 05 m 14.1 s
−07° 43.1′
9.1
The Constellations
167 Sextans
12 Noon
setting
9 a.m.
Daylight meridian
6 a.m.
3 a.m. rising setting Midnight meridian 9 p.m. rising 6 p.m.
3 p.m. Daylight 12 Noon
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
168
Taurus the Bull
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ1 δ2 δ3 ε ζ η θ1 θ2 ι κ1 κ2 λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ σ1 σ2 τ υ ϕ χ ψ ω1 ω2
4h 5h 4h 4h 4h 4h 4h 5h 3h 4h 4h 5h 4h 4h 4h 4h 4h 3h 3h 4h 4h 4h 4h 4h 4h 4h 4h 4h 4h 4h
+16° +28° +15° +17° +17° +17° +19° +21° +24° +15° +15° +21° +22° +22° +12° +08° +05° +09° +09° +14° +14° +15° +15° +22° +22° +27° +25° +29° +19° +20°
0.85 1.65 3.65 3.76 4.80 4.29 3.53 3.00 2.87 3.84 3.40 4.64 4.22 5.28 3.47 4.29 3.91 3.74 3.60 4.69 4.65 5.07 4.69 4.28 4.28 4.95 5.37 5.23 5.50 4.94
35 m 26 m 19 m 22 m 24 m 25 m 28 m 37 m 47 m 28 m 28 m 03 m 25 m 25 m 00 m 15 m 03 m 27 m 24 m 26 m 33 m 39 m 39 m 42 m 26 m 20 m 22 m 07 m 09 m 17 m
55.2 s 17.5 s 47.5 s 56.0 s 05.7 s 29.3 s 36.9 s 38.6 s 29.0 s 34.4 s 39.7 s 05.7 s 22.1 s 24.9 s 40.8 s 32.0 s 09.3 s 10.1 s 48.7 s 36.4 s 50.8 s 09.2 s 16.4 s 14.6 s 18.4 s 21.2 s 34.9 s 00.4 s 09.9 s 15.6 s
30′ 36′ 37′ 32′ 26′ 55′ 10′ 08′ 06′ 57′ 52′ 35′ 17′ 11′ 29′ 53′ 59′ 43′ 01′ 42′ 50′ 47′ 55′ 57′ 48′ 21′ 37′ 00′ 36′ 34′
33′′ 27′′ 39′′ 33′′ 38′′ 41′′ 49′′ 33′′ 18′′ 44′′ 15′′ 24′′ 38′′ 59′′ 25′′ 32′′ 22′′ 58′′ 44′′ 49′′ 40′′ 59′′ 05′′ 25′′ 49′′ 03′′ 45′′ 05′′ 33′′ 43′′
The Constellations
169
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M1 M45 NGC NGC NGC NGC
Crab Nebula Pleiades Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
05 h 03 h 04 h 05 h 05 h 05 h
+22° +24° +19° +23° +16° +16°
9.0 1.6 6.4 6.1 7.0 7.7
1647 1746 1807 1817
34 m 47 m 45 m 03 m 10 m 12 m
31.9 s 00.0 s 55.6 s 50.2 s 41.1 s 26.3 s
00.9′ 07.0′ 06.7′ 46.1′ 31.9′ 41.0′
Taurus 12 Noon
9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m.
setting
3 a.m.
meridian
Midnight
rising
setting 9 p.m. meridian 6 p.m.
3 p.m.
12 Noon
rising
Jan
Feb
Daylight Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
170
Telescopium the Telescope
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α δ1 δ2 ε ζ η ι κ λ µ ν ξ ρ
18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 18 h 19 h 19 h 18 h 18 h 19 h 19 h 20 h 19 h
−45° −45° −45° −45° −49° −54° −48° −52° −52° −55° −56° −52° −52°
3.51 4.96 5.07 4.53 4.13 5.05 4.90 5.17 4.87 6.30 5.35 4.94 5.16
26 m 31 m 32 m 11 m 28 m 22 m 35 m 52 m 58 m 30 m 48 m 07 m 06 m
58.3 s 45.3 s 01.9 s 13.7 s 49.8 s 51.0 s 12.8 s 39.5 s 27.6 s 34.4 s 01.1 s 23.1 s 19.8 s
58′ 54′ 45′ 57′ 04′ 25′ 05′ 06′ 56′ 06′ 21′ 52′ 20′
06′′ 54′′ 26′′ 15′′ 15′′ 25′′ 57′′ 27′′ 18′′ 36′′ 46′′ 51′′ 27′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 6584
Globular Cluster
18 h 18 m 36.0 s
−52° 13.0′
9.2
The Constellations
171 Telescopium
12 Noon rising 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m.
setting meridian
Midnight rising 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m. setting 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
172
Triangulum the Triangle
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε
1h 2h 2h 2h 2h
+29° +34° +33° +34° +33°
3.41 3.00 4.01 4.87 5.50
53 m 09 m 17 m 17 m 02 m
04.8 s 32.5 s 18.8 s 03.2 s 57.9 s
34′ 59′ 50′ 13′ 17′
44′′ 14′′ 50′′ 28′′ 03′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M33 NGC 925
The Pinwheel Galaxy Galaxy
01 h 33 m 50.8 s 02 h 27 m 17.1 s
+30° 39.6′ +33° 34.7′
5.7 10.0
The Constellations
173 Triangulum
12 Noon
rising Daylight
9 a.m. setting
6 a.m.
3 a.m. meridian Midnight rising
setting 9 p.m.
6 p.m. meridian 3 p.m. Daylight 12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
174
Triangulum Australe the Southern Triangle
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ
16 h 15 h 15 h 16 h 15 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 16 h 15 h
−69° −63° −68° −63° −66° −70° −68° −65° −64° −68°
1.92 2.85 2.89 3.85 4.11 4.91 5.91 5.52 5.27 5.09
48 m 55 m 18 m 15 m 36 m 28 m 41 m 35 m 27 m 55 m
39.9 s 08.4 s 54.6 s 26.2 s 43.1 s 28.1 s 23.3 s 44.7 s 57.2 s 29.5 s
01′ 25′ 40′ 41′ 19′ 05′ 17′ 29′ 03′ 36′
40′′ 50′′ 46′′ 08′′ 02′′ 04′′ 46′′ 44′′ 29′′ 11′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC 6025
Open Cluster
16 h 03 m 17.0 s
−60° 25.9′
5.1
The Constellations
175 Triangulum Australe
12 Noon meridian 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. 3 a.m. meridian Midnight 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
The constellation Triangulum Australe is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
176
Tucana the Toucan
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β1 β2 β3 γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ1 λ2 ν π ρ
22 h 00 h 00 h 00 h 23 h 22 h 23 h 00 h 23 h 00 h 01 h 01 h 00 h 00 h 22 h 00 h 00 h
−60° −62° −62° −63° −58° −64° −65° −64° −64° −71° −61° −68° −69° −69° −61° −69° −65°
2.86 4.37 4.54 5.09 3.99 4.48 4.50 4.23 5.00 6.13 5.37 4.86 6.22 5.45 4.81 5.51 5.39
18 m 31 m 31 m 32 m 17 m 27 m 59 m 20 m 57 m 33 m 07 m 15 m 52 m 55 m 33 m 20 m 42 m
30.1 s 32.7 s 33.6 s 43.8 s 25.7 s 20.0 s 55.0 s 04.2 s 35.2 s 23.4 s 18.7 s 46.2 s 24.4 s 00.3 s 00.0 s 38.9 s 28.4 s
15′ 57′ 57′ 01′ 14′ 58′ 34′ 52′ 17′ 16′ 46′ 52′ 30′ 31′ 58′ 37′ 28′
35′′ 30′′ 57′′ 53′′ 08′′ 00′′ 38′′ 30′′ 55′′ 00′′ 31′′ 34′′ 16′′ 38′′ 57′′ 30′′ 05′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC NGC NGC NGC
Globular Cluster Small Magellanic Cloud Globular Cluster Globular Cluster
00 h 00 h 00 h 01 h
−72° −72° −72° −70°
4.0 2.3 9.6 6.6
104 292 330 362
24 m 52 m 56 m 03 m
05.1 s 38.0 s 19.8 s 14.2 s
04.8′ 48.0′ 27.7′ 50.9′
The Constellations
177 Tucana
12 Noon 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m. 3 a.m. meridian Midnight 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight
meridian 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
The constellation Tucana is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
178
Ursa Major the Great Bear
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ1 ζ2 η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ1 ξ2 ο π1 π2 ρ σ1 σ2 τ υ ϕ χ ψ ω
11 h 11 h 11 h 12 h 12 h 13 h 13 h 13 h 09 h 08 h 09 h 10 h 10 h 11 h 11 h 11 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 11 h 11 h 10 h
+61° +56° +53° +57° +55° +54° +54° +49° +51° +48° +47° +42° +41° +33° +31° +31° +60° +65° +64° +67° +66° +67° +63° +59° +54° +47° +44° +43°
1.79 2.37 2.44 3.31 1.77 2.27 3.95 1.86 3.17 3.14 3.60 3.45 3.05 3.48 4.87 4.41 3.36 5.64 4.60 4.76 5.14 4.80 4.67 3.80 4.59 3.71 3.01 4.71
03 m 01 m 53 m 15 m 54 m 23 m 23 m 47 m 32 m 59 m 03 m 17 m 22 m 18 m 18 m 18 m 30 m 39 m 40 m 02 m 08 m 10 m 10 m 50 m 52 m 46 m 09 m 53 m
43.6 s 50.4 s 49.8 s 25.5 s 01.7 s 55.5 s 56.3 s 32.3 s 51.3 s 12.4 s 37.5 s 05.7 s 19.7 s 28.7 s 10.9 s 10.9 s 15.8 s 11.7 s 12.9 s 32.7 s 23.5 s 23.1 s 55.0 s 59.3 s 06.3 s 03.0 s 39.7 s 58.7 s
45′ 22′ 41′ 01′ 57′ 55′ 55′ 18′ 40′ 02′ 09′ 54′ 29′ 05′ 31′ 31′ 43′ 01′ 19′ 37′ 52′ 08′ 30′ 02′ 03′ 46′ 29′ 11′
03′′ 56′′ 41′′ 57′′ 35′′ 31′′ 18′′ 48′′ 38′′ 30′′ 24′′ 52′′ 58′′ 39′′ 45′′ 45′′ 05′′ 15′′ 41′′ 47′′ 24′′ 04′′ 49′′ 19′′ 51′′ 46′′ 54′′ 24′′
The Constellations
179
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M40 M81 M82 M97 M101 M108 M109 NGC 2768 NGC 2841 NGC 3077 NGC 3184
Double Star Bode’s Galaxy The Cigar Galaxy The Owl Nebula The Pinwheel Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Spiral Galaxy Irregular Galaxy Spiral Galaxy
12 h 09 h 09 h 11 h 14 h 11 h 11 h 09 h 09 h 10 h 10 h
+58° +69° +69° +55° +54° +55° +53° +60° +50° +68° +41°
8.4 6.8 8.4 7.7 7.7 10.0 9.8 10.0 9.3 9.9 9.8
22 m 55 m 55 m 14 m 03 m 11 m 57 m 11 m 22 m 03 m 18 m
24.0 s 32.9 s 50.7 s 47.7 s 12.0 s 31.2 s 36.0 s 37.5 s 02.3 s 20.4 s 17.0 s
05.0′ 03.9′ 40.7′ 01.0′ 21.0′ 40.4′ 23.5′ 02.2′ 58.7′ 44.0′ 25.5′
Ursa Major 12 Noon
9 a.m.
meridian
Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m.
Midnight meridian 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight
3 p.m.
12 Noon
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
180
Ursa Minor the Smaller Bear
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ λ
02 h 14 h 15 h 17 h 16 h 15 h 16 h 15 h 17 h
+89° +74° +71° +86° +82° +77° +75° +77° +89°
2.02 2.08 3.05 4.36 4.23 4.32 4.95 4.96 6.38
31 m 50 m 20 m 32 m 45 m 44 m 17 m 31 m 16 m
50.5 s 42.2 s 43.6 s 12.5 s 57.8 s 03.3 s 30.2 s 24.7 s 56.0 s
15′ 09′ 50′ 35′ 02′ 47′ 45′ 20′ 02′
51′′ 20′′ 02′′ 11′′ 14′′ 40′′ 19′′ 57′′ 15′′
The Constellations
181 Ursa Minor
12 Noon meridian 9 a.m. Daylight 6 a.m.
3 a.m. meridian Midnight
9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
182
Vela the Ship’s Sail
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
γ1 γ2 δ κ λ µ ο ϕ ψ
08 h 08 h 08 h 09 h 09 h 10 h 08 h 09 h 09 h
−47° −47° −54° −55° −43° −49° −52° −54° −40°
4.27 1.78 1.96 2.50 2.21 2.69 3.62 3.54 3.60
09 m 09 m 44 m 22 m 07 m 46 m 40 m 56 m 30 m
29.2 s 31.9 s 42.2 s 06.8 s 59.7 s 46.1 s 17.6 s 51.7 s 41.9 s
20′ 20′ 42′ 00′ 25′ 25′ 55′ 34′ 28′
44′′ 12′′ 30′′ 38′′ 57′′ 12′′ 19′′ 04′′ 00′′
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC
Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Eight Burst Nebula Globular Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster
08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 08 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 09 h 10 h 10 h 10 h 10 h 10 h
−49° −45° −47° −52° −48° −52° −53° −50° −56° −54° −40° −46° −51° −54°
4.7 8.6 8.8 6.1 7.8 7.2 8.3 9.9 8.8 9.7 8.0 6.7 6.0 7.4
2547 2659 2660 2669 2670 2910 2925 2972 3033 3105 3132 3201 3228 3330
10 m 42 m 42 m 46 m 45 m 30 m 33 m 40 m 48 m 00 m 07 m 17 m 21 m 38 m
10.5 s 33.0 s 38.0 s 22.0 s 29.5 s 29.0 s 10.9 s 11.5 s 39.1 s 39.5 s 01.8 s 36.7 s 22.2 s 47.5 s
13.5′ 00.0′ 12.0′ 56.9′ 47.5′ 54.8′ 23.8′ 19.3′ 24.7′ 47.3′ 26.2′ 24.7′ 43.9′ 06.9′
The Constellations
183 Vela
12 Noon 9 a.m.
setting
Daylight 6 a.m. rising
meridian
3 a.m. setting
Midnight
meridian 9 p.m.
rising
6 p.m.
3 p.m. Daylight 12 Noon
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
184
Virgo the Maiden
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ1 γ2 δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ υ ϕ χ ψ ω
13 h 11 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 13 h 13 h 12 h 13 h 14 h 14 h 14 h 14 h 11 h 11 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 13 h 14 h 14 h 14 h 12 h 12 h 11 h
−11° +01° −01° −01° +03° +10° −00° −00° −05° −06° −10° −13° −05° +06° +08° +08° +06° +10° +05° +01° −02° −02° −07° −09° +08°
0.98 3.61 3.65 3.68 3.38 2.83 3.37 3.89 4.38 4.08 4.19 4.52 3.88 4.03 4.85 4.12 4.66 4.88 4.80 4.26 5.14 4.81 4.66 4.79 5.36
25 m 50 m 41 m 41 m 55 m 02 m 34 m 19 m 09 m 16 m 12 m 19 m 43 m 45 m 45 m 05 m 00 m 41 m 17 m 01 m 19 m 28 m 39 m 54 m 38 m
11.5 s 41.6 s 39.5 s 39.5 s 36.1 s 10.5 s 41.5 s 54.3 s 56.9 s 00.8 s 53.7 s 06.5 s 03.5 s 51.5 s 17.0 s 12.5 s 52.3 s 53.0 s 36.2 s 38.7 s 32.4 s 12.1 s 14.7 s 21.1 s 27.5 s
09′ 45′ 26′ 26′ 23′ 57′ 35′ 40′ 32′ 00′ 16′ 22′ 39′ 31′ 15′ 43′ 36′ 14′ 28′ 32′ 15′ 13′ 59′ 32′ 08′
41′′ 53′′ 58′′ 58′′ 51′′ 33′′ 46′′ 00′′ 20′′ 02′′ 25′′ 16′′ 30′′ 46′′ 30′′ 59′′ 51′′ 08′′ 12′′ 40′′ 56′′ 41′′ 44′′ 20′′ 03′′
The Constellations
185
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M49 M58 M59 M60 M61 M84 M86 M87 M89 M90 M104 NGC 4216 NGC 4365 NGC 4438 NGC 4526 NGC 4535 NGC 4636 NGC 4697 NGC 4699 NGC 5247 NGC 5634
Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Sombrero Galaxy Edge-on Spiral Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Spiral Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Galaxy Globular Cluster
12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 12 h 13 h 14 h
+08° +11° +11° +11° +04° +12° +12° +12° +12° +13° −11° +13° +07° +13° +07° +08° +02° −05° −08° −17° −05°
8.4 9.8 9.8 8.8 9.7 9.1 8.9 8.6 9.8 9.5 8.3 10.0 9.6 10.0 9.6 10.0 9.6 9.3 9.6 10.0 9.4
29 m 37 m 42 m 43 m 21 m 25 m 26 m 30 m 35 m 36 m 39 m 15 m 24 m 27 m 34 m 34 m 42 m 48 m 49 m 38 m 29 m
46.7 s 43.5 s 00.0 s 42.0 s 54.9 s 04.7 s 11.9 s 49.3 s 39.9 s 49.9 s 59.4 s 54.1 s 28.1 s 45.6 s 03.1 s 20.3 s 48.0 s 36.0 s 00.0 s 06.0 s 36.0 s
00.0′ 49.1′ 39.0′ 33.0′ 28.4′ 53.2′ 56.8′ 23.4′ 33.4′ 09.8′ 37.4′ 09.0′ 19.1′ 00.5′ 42.0′ 11.9′ 41.0′ 48.0′ 40.0′ 53.0′ 59.0′
Virgo 12 Noon meridian
Daylight 9 a.m.
6 a.m. rising 3 a.m. setting
Midnight
meridian
rising 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon
setting Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
186
Volans the Flying Fish
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α β γ1 γ2 δ ε ζ η θ ι κ1 κ2
09 h 08 h 07 h 07 h 07 h 08 h 07 h 08 h 08 h 06 h 08 h 08 h
−66° −66° −70° −70° −67° −68° −72° −73° −70° −70° −71° −71°
4.00 3.77 5.67 3.78 3.98 4.35 3.95 5.29 5.20 5.40 5.37 5.65
02 m 25 m 08 m 08 m 16 m 07 m 41 m 22 m 39 m 51 m 19 m 20 m
26.9 s 44.3 s 42.2 s 45.0 s 49.8 s 55.9 s 49.3 s 04.7 s 05.3 s 27.0 s 49.2 s 00.8 s
23′ 08′ 29′ 29′ 57′ 37′ 36′ 24′ 23′ 57′ 30′ 30′
46′′ 13′′ 50′′ 57′′ 27′′ 02′′ 22′′ 01′′ 13′′ 49′′ 54′′ 19′′
The Constellations
187 Volans
12 Noon 9 a.m.
Daylight 6 a.m. meridian 3 a.m.
Midnight meridian 9 p.m.
6 p.m. Daylight 3 p.m.
12 Noon Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
The constellation Volans is not visible from mid-northern latitudes
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
188
Vulpecula the Fox
Star
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
α
19 h 28 m 42.2 s
+24° 39′ 54′′
4.44
Deep sky object
Description
Right ascension
Declination
Mag.
M27 NGC 6802 NGC 6823 NGC 6830 NGC 6882 NGC 6885 NGC 6940 Collinder 399
The Dumbbell Nebula Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Open Cluster Brocchi’s Cluster (Coathanger)
19 h 19 h 19 h 19 h 20 h 20 h 20 h 19 h
+22° +20° +23° +23° +26° +26° +28° +20°
7.3 8.8 7.1 7.9 8.1 8.1 6.3 3.6
59 m 30 m 43 m 51 m 11 m 12 m 34 m 25 m
36.5 s 36.0 s 06.0 s 00.0 s 42.0 s 00.0 s 36.0 s 24.0 s
43.2′ 16.0′ 18.0′ 04.0′ 33.0′ 29.0′ 18.0′ 11.0′
The Constellations
189 Vulpecula
12 Noon
9 a.m.
rising Daylight
6 a.m.
3 a.m.
setting meridian
Midnight
rising
9 p.m. setting 6 p.m.
3 p.m. Daylight
meridian 12 Noon
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
190
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
Constellations near the meridian in January 7 p.m. – 9 p.m. Aries, Caelum, Camelopardalis, Cetus, Dorado, Eridanus, Fornax, Horologium, Hydrus, Perseus, Reticulum, Taurus, Triangulum 9 p.m. – 11 p.m. Auriga, Caelum, Camelopardalis, Canis Major, Columba, Dorado, Lepus, Mensa, Orion, Pictor, Reticulum, Taurus 11 p.m. – 1 a.m. Cancer, Canis Major, Canis Minor, Columba, Gemini, Lynx, Monoceros, Pictor, Puppis, Pyxis, Volans 1 a.m. – 3 a.m. Antlia, Cancer, Carina, Chamaeleon, Hydra, Leo, Leo Minor, Lynx, Pyxis, Sextans, Vela, Volans 3 a.m. – 5 a.m. Antlia, Canes Venatici, Chamaeleon, Coma Berenices, Corvus, Crater, Crux, Hydra, Leo, Leo Minor, Musca, Sextans, Ursa Major, Virgo
Constellations near the meridian in February 7 p.m. – 9 p.m. Auriga, Caelum, Camelopardalis, Canis Major, Columba, Dorado, Lepus, Mensa, Orion, Pictor, Reticulum, Taurus 9 p.m. – 11 p.m. Cancer, Canis Major, Canis Minor, Columba, Gemini, Lynx, Monoceros, Pictor, Puppis, Pyxis, Volans 11 p.m. – 1 a.m. Antlia, Cancer, Carina, Chamaeleon, Hydra, Leo, Leo Minor, Lynx, Pyxis, Sextans, Vela, Volans 1 a.m. – 3 a.m. Antlia, Canes Venatici, Chamaeleon, Coma Berenices, Corvus, Crater, Crux, Hydra, Leo, Leo Minor, Musca, Sextans, Ursa Major, Virgo 3 a.m. – 5 a.m. Boötes, Canes Venatici, Centaurus, Circinus, Coma Berenices, Corvus, Crux, Musca, Virgo
The Constellations
191
Constellations near the meridian in March 7 p.m. – 9 p.m. Cancer, Canis Major, Canis Minor, Columba, Gemini, Lynx, Monoceros, Pictor, Puppis, Pyxis, Volans 9 p.m. – 11 p.m. Antlia, Cancer, Carina, Chamaeleon, Hydra, Leo, Leo Minor, Lynx, Pyxis, Sextans, Vela, Volans 11 p.m. – 1 a.m. Antlia, Canes Venatici, Chamaeleon, Coma Berenices, Corvus, Crater, Crux, Hydra, Leo, Leo Minor, Sextans, Musca, Ursa Major, Virgo 1 a.m. – 3 a.m. Boötes, Canes Venatici, Centaurus, Circinus, Coma Berenices, Corvus, Crux, Musca, Virgo 3 a.m. – 5 a.m. Apus, Boötes, Circinus, Corona Borealis, Draco, Hercules, Libra, Lupus, Norma, Scorpius, Serpens Caput, Triangulum Australe, Ursa Minor
Constellations near the meridian in April 7 p.m. – 9 p.m. Antlia, Cancer, Carina, Chamaeleon, Hydra, Leo, Leo Minor, Lynx, Pyxis, Sextans, Vela, Volans 9 p.m. – 11 p.m. Antlia, Canes Venatici, Chamaeleon, Coma Berenices, Corvus, Crater, Crux, Hydra, Leo, Leo Minor, Musca, Sextans, Ursa Major, Virgo 11 p.m. – 1 a.m. Boötes, Canes Venatici, Centaurus, Circinus, Coma Berenices, Corvus, Crux, Musca, Virgo 1 a.m. – 3 a.m. Apus, Boötes, Circinus, Corona Borealis, Draco, Hercules, Libra, Lupus, Norma, Scorpius, Serpens Caput, Triangulum Australe, Ursa Minor 3 a.m. – 5 a.m. Ara, Hercules, Norma, Ophiuchus, Sagittarius, Scorpius, Scutum, Serpens Caput, Serpens Cauda, Telescopium, Triangulum Australe
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Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
Constellations near the meridian in May 7 p.m. – 9 p.m. Antlia, Canes Venatici, Chamaeleon, Coma Berenices, Corvus, Crater, Crux, Hydra, Leo, Leo Minor, Musca, Sextans, Ursa Major, Virgo 9 p.m. – 11 p.m. Boötes, Canes Venatici, Centaurus, Circinus, Coma Berenices, Corvus, Crux, Musca, Virgo 11 p.m. – 1 a.m. Apus, Boötes, Corona Borealis, Circinus, Draco, Hercules, Libra, Lupus, Norma, Scorpius, Serpens Caput, Triangulum Australe, Ursa Minor 1 a.m. – 3 a.m. Ara, Hercules, Norma, Ophiuchus, Sagittarius, Scorpius, Scutum, Serpens Caput, Serpens Cauda, Telescopium, Triangulum Australe 3 a.m. – 5 a.m. Aquila, Cepheus, Corona Australis, Cygnus, Delphinus, Lyra, Octans, Pavo, Sagitta, Sagittarius, Scutum, Serpens Cauda, Telescopium, Vulpecula
Constellations near the meridian in June 7 p.m. – 9 p.m. Boötes, Canes Venatici, Centaurus, Circinus, Coma Berenices, Corvus, Crux, Musca, Virgo 9 p.m. – 11 p.m. Apus, Boötes, Circinus, Corona Borealis, Draco, Hercules, Libra, Lupus, Norma, Scorpius, Serpens Caput, Triangulum Australe, Ursa Minor 11 p.m. – 1 a.m. Ara, Hercules, Norma, Ophiuchus, Sagittarius, Scorpius, Scutum, Serpens Caput, Serpens Cauda, Telescopium, Triangulum Australe 1 a.m. – 3 a.m. Aquila, Cepheus, Corona Australis, Cygnus, Delphinus, Lyra, Octans, Pavo, Sagitta, Sagittarius, Scutum, Serpens Cauda, Telescopium, Vulpecula 3 a.m. – 5 a.m. Aquarius, Capricornus, Cepheus, Cygnus, Delphinus, Equuleus, Grus, Indus, Lacerta, Microscopium, Piscis Austrinus, Sagitta
The Constellations
193
Constellations near the meridian in July 7 p.m. – 9 p.m. Apus, Boötes, Circinus, Corona Borealis, Draco, Hercules, Libra, Lupus, Norma, Scorpius, Serpens Caput, Triangulum Australe, Ursa Minor 9 p.m. – 11 p.m. Ara, Hercules, Norma, Ophiuchus, Sagittarius, Scorpius, Scutum, Serpens Caput, Serpens Cauda, Telescopium, Triangulum Australe 11 p.m. – 1 a.m. Aquila, Cepheus, Corona Australis, Cygnus, Delphinus, Lyra, Octans, Pavo, Sagitta, Sagittarius, Scutum, Serpens Cauda, Telescopium, Vulpecula 1 a.m. – 3 a.m. Aquarius, Capricornus, Cepheus, Cygnus, Delphinus, Equuleus, Grus, Indus, Lacerta, Microscopium, Piscis Austrinus, Sagitta 3 a.m. – 5 a.m. Andromeda, Aquarius, Cassiopeia, Grus, Lacerta, Pegasus, Phoenix, Pisces, Piscis Austrinus, Sculptor, Tucana
Constellations near the meridian in August 7 p.m. – 9 p.m. Ara, Hercules, Norma, Ophiuchus, Sagittarius, Scorpius, Scutum, Serpens Caput, Serpens Cauda, Telescopium, Triangulum Australe 9 p.m. – 11 p.m. Aquila, Cepheus, Corona Australis, Cygnus, Delphinus, Lyra, Octans, Pavo, Sagitta, Sagittarius, Scutum, Serpens Cauda, Telescopium, Vulpecula 11 p.m. – 1 a.m. Aquarius, Capricornus, Cepheus, Cygnus, Delphinus, Equuleus, Grus, Indus, Lacerta, Microscopium, Piscis Austrinus, Sagitta 1 a.m. – 3 a.m. Andromeda, Aquarius, Cassiopeia, Grus, Lacerta, Pegasus, Phoenix, Pisces, Piscis Austrinus, Sculptor, Tucana 3 a.m. – 5 a.m. Andromeda, Aries, Cassiopeia, Cetus, Fornax, Hydrus, Phoenix, Sculptor, Triangulum
194
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
Constellations near the meridian in September 7 p.m. – 9 p.m. Aquila, Cepheus, Corona Australis, Cygnus, Delphinus, Lyra, Octans, Pavo, Sagitta, Sagittarius, Scutum, Serpens Cauda, Telescopium, Vulpecula 9 p.m. – 11 p.m. Aquarius, Capricornus, Cepheus, Cygnus, Delphinus, Equuleus, Grus, Indus, Lacerta, Microscopium, Piscis Austrinus, Sagitta 11 p.m. – 1 a.m. Andromeda, Aquarius, Cassiopeia, Grus, Lacerta, Pegasus, Phoenix, Pisces, Piscis Austrinus, Sculptor, Tucana 1 a.m. – 3 a.m. Andromeda, Aries, Cassiopeia, Cetus, Fornax, Hydrus, Phoenix, Sculptor, Triangulum 3 a.m. – 5 a.m. Aries, Caelum, Camelopardalis, Cetus, Dorado, Eridanus, Fornax, Horologium, Perseus, Hydrus, Reticulum, Taurus, Triangulum
Constellations near the meridian in October 7 p.m. – 9 p.m. Aquarius, Capricornus, Cepheus, Cygnus, Delphinus, Equuleus, Grus, Indus, Lacerta, Microscopium, Piscis Austrinus, Sagitta 9 p.m. – 11 p.m. Andromeda, Aquarius, Cassiopeia, Grus, Lacerta, Pegasus, Phoenix, Pisces, Piscis Austrinus, Sculptor, Tucana 11 p.m. – 1 a.m. Andromeda, Aries, Cassiopeia, Cetus, Fornax, Hydrus, Phoenix, Sculptor, Triangulum 1 a.m. – 3 a.m. Aries, Caelum, Camelopardalis, Cetus, Dorado, Eridanus, Fornax, Horologium, Hydrus, Perseus, Reticulum, Taurus, Triangulum 3 a.m. – 5 a.m. Auriga, Caelum, Camelopardalis, Canis Major, Columba, Dorado, Lepus, Mensa, Orion, Pictor, Reticulum, Taurus
The Constellations
195
Constellations near the meridian in November 7 p.m. – 9 p.m. Andromeda, Aquarius, Cassiopeia, Grus, Lacerta, Pegasus, Phoenix, Pisces, Piscis Austrinus, Sculptor, Tucana 9 p.m. – 11 p.m. Andromeda, Aries, Cassiopeia, Cetus, Fornax, Hydrus, Phoenix, Sculptor, Triangulum 11 p.m. – 1 a.m. Aries, Caelum, Camelopardalis, Cetus, Dorado, Eridanus, Fornax, Horologium, Hydrus, Perseus, Reticulum, Taurus, Triangulum 1 a.m. – 3 a.m. Auriga, Caelum, Camelopardalis, Canis Major, Columba, Dorado, Lepus, Mensa, Orion, Pictor, Reticulum, Taurus 3 a.m. – 5 a.m. Cancer, Canis Major, Canis Minor, Columba, Gemini, Lynx, Monoceros, Pictor, Puppis, Pyxis, Volans
Constellations near the meridian in December 7 p.m. – 9 p.m. Andromeda, Aries, Cassiopeia, Cetus, Fornax, Hydrus, Phoenix, Sculptor, Triangulum 9 p.m. – 11 p.m. Aries, Caelum, Camelopardalis, Cetus, Dorado, Eridanus, Fornax, Horologium, Hydrus, Perseus, Reticulum, Taurus, Triangulum 11 p.m. – 1 a.m. Auriga, Caelum, Camelopardalis, Canis Major, Columba, Dorado, Lepus, Mensa, Orion, Pictor, Reticulum, Taurus 1 a.m. – 3 a.m. Cancer, Canis Major, Canis Minor, Columba, Gemini, Lynx, Monoceros, Pictor, Puppis, Pyxis, Volans 3 a.m. – 5 a.m. Antlia, Cancer, Carina, Chamaeleon, Hydra, Leo, Leo Minor, Lynx, Pyxis, Sextans, Vela, Volans
196
Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects
About the Author Jeff A. Farinacci became interested in astronomy at the age of 4 when his brother Jim showed him Comet Ikeya-Seki. He graduated from the University of Utah with two Bachelor of Science degrees (both Magna Cum Laude), in Mathematics and Physics. He also graduated from Indiana University with a Master of Arts degree in Mathematics. He has worked as a Software Engineer on a variety of projects for various companies. He has worked on a variety of defense projects, wrote various simulations, and wrote a 3D graphics library for a graphics chip and designed the math functions that went onto another chip. He also wrote “Stellar Guides for Your Birthday,” an article in the November 2001 issue of Sky & Telescope magazine.
Other Titles in This Series Light Pollution Responses and Remedies Bob Mizon Astronomical Equipment for Amateurs Martin Mobberley The New Amateur Astronomer Martin Mobberley Lunar and Planetary Webcam User’s Guide Martin Mobberley Choosing and Using a SchmidtCassegrain Telescope A Guide to Commercial SCT’s and Maksutovs Rod Mollise The Urban Astronomer’s Guide A Walking Tour of the Cosmos for City Sky Watchers Rod Mollise Astronomy with a Home Computer Neale Monks More Small Astronomical Observatories Sir Patrick Moore (Ed.) The Observer’s Year 366 Nights in the Universe Sir Patrick Moore (Ed.) A Buyer’s and User’s Guide to Astronomical Telescopes and Binoculars Jim Mullaney Care of Astronomical Telescopes and Accessories A Manual for the Astronomical Observer and Amateur Telescope Maker M. Barlow Pepin Creating and Enhancing Digital Astro Images Grant Privett
(continued from page ii)
The Deep-Sky Observer’s Year A Guide to Observing Deep-Sky Objects Throughout the Year Grant Privett and Paul Parsons Software and Data for Practical Astronomers The Best of the Internet David Ratledge Digital Astrophotography: The State of the Art David Ratledge (Ed.) Spectroscopy: The Key to the Stars Keith Robinson CCD Astrophotography:High-Quality Imaging from the Suburbs Adam Stuart The NexStar User’s Guide Michael Swanson Astronomy with Small Telescopes Up to 5-inch, 125 mm Stephen F. Tonkin (Ed.) AstroFAQs Questions Amateur Astronomers Frequently Ask Stephen F. Tonkin Binocular Astronomy Stephen F. Tonkin Practical Amateur Spectroscopy Stephen F. Tonkin (Ed.) Amateur Telescope Making Stephen F. Tonkin (Ed.) Using the Meade ETX 100 Objects You Can Really See with the Mighty ETX Mike Weasner Observing the Moon Peter T. Wlasuk
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