Latin Grammar
1st conjugation, active voice: amo, amare, amavi, amatum (to love) INDICATIVE SUBJUNCTIVE GERUND IMPERAT...
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Latin Grammar
1st conjugation, active voice: amo, amare, amavi, amatum (to love) INDICATIVE SUBJUNCTIVE GERUND IMPERATIVE SUPINE PARTICIPLE Sing: masc/fem. neut. Present amo amem amans amans ames amandi ama amatum amantis amantis amas amat amet amando amanti amanti amamus amemus amandum amantem amans amatis ametis amando amate amante amante amant ament amatu (or amanti) (or amanti) Present Plur: masc/fem. neut. Imperfect amabam amarem amantes amantia amares amantium amantium amabas amabat amaret amantibus amantibus amabamus amaremus amantes amantia amabatis amaretis amantibus amantibus amabant amarent Future amabo amaturus, a, um amabis amato (about to love) amabit amato amabimus amabitis amatote amabunt amanto Perfect amavi amaverim amavisti amaveris amavit amaverit amavimus amaverimus Note: Gerund, supine and amavistis amaveritis amaverunt amaverint present participle conjugaPluperfect amaveram amavissem tions are listed in this order: amaveras amavisses amaverat amavisset Nominative amaveramus amavissemus Genitive amaveratis amavissetis amaverant amavissent Dative Future amavero Accusative Perfect amaveris Ablative amaverit amaverimus amaveritis amaverint
1st conjugation, passive voice: amo INDICATIVE Present amor amaris amatur amamur amamini amantur Imperfect amabar amabaris amabatur amabamur amabamini amabantur Future amabor amaberis amabitur amabimur amabimini amabuntur Perfect amatus, a, um sum amatus, a, um es amatus, a, um est amati, ae, a sumus amati, ae, a estis amati, ae, a sunt Pluperfect amatus, a, um eram amatus, a, um eras amatus, a, um erat amati, ae, a eramus amati, ae, a eratis amati, ae, a erant Future amatus, a, um ero Perfect amatus, a, um eris amatus, a, um erit amati, ae, a erimus amati, ae, a eritis amati, ae, a erunt
2nd conjugation, active voice: moneo, mone-re, monui, monitum (to warn) INDICATIVE SUBJUNCTIVE GERUND IMPERATIVE SUPINE PARTICIPLE Sing: masc/fem. neut. Present moneo moneam monitum monens monens moneas monendi mone monentis monentis mones monet moneat monendo monenti monenti monemus moneamus monendum monentem monens monetis moneatis monendo monete monente monente monent moneant monitu (or monenti) (or monenti) Present Plur: masc/fem. neut. monentes monentia Imperfect monebam monerem monebas moneres monentium monentium monebat moneret monentibus monentibus monebamus moneremus monentes monentia monebatis moneretis monentium monentium monebant monerent
2nd conjugation, passive voice: moneo INDICATIVE Present moneor moneris monetur monemur monemini monentur Imperfect monebar monebaris monebatur monebamur monebamini monebantur Future monebor moneberis monebitur monebimur monebimini monebuntur Perfect monitus, a, um sum monitus, a, um es monitus, a, um est moniti, ae, a sumus moniti, ae, a estis moniti, ae, a sunt Pluperfect monitus, a, um eram monitus, a, um eras monitus, a, um erat moniti, ae, a eramus moniti, ae, a eratis moniti, ae, a erant Future monitus, a, um ero Perfect monitus, a, um eris monitus, a, um erit moniti, ae, a erimus moniti, ae, a eritis moniti, ae, a erunt
Perfect
monui monuisti monuit monuimus monuistis monuerunt Pluperfect monueram monueras monuerat monueramus monueratis monuerant Future monuero Perfect monueris monuerit monuerimus monueritis monuerint
monuerim monueris monuerit monuerimus monueritis monuerint monuissem monuisses monuisset monuissemus monuissetis monuissent
Note: Gerund, supine and present participle conjugations are listed in this order: Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
3rd conjugation, active voice: lego, legere, legi, lectum (to read) INDICATIVE SUBJUNCTIVE GERUND IMPERATIVE SUPINE PARTICIPLE Sing: masc/fem. neut. Present lego legam legens legens legendi lege lectum legentis legentis legis legas legit legat legendo legenti legenti legimus legamus legendum legentem legens legitis legatis legendo legite legente legente legunt legant lectu (or legenti) (or legenti) Present Plur: masc/fem. neut. legentes legentia Imperfect legebam legerem legebas legeres legentium legentium legebat legeret legentibus legentibus legebamus legeremus legentes legentia legebatis legeretis legentibus legentibus legebant legerent Future legam lecturus, a, um leges legito (about to read) leget legito legemus legetis legitote legent legunto Perfect legi legerim legisti legeris legit legerit legimus legerimus Note: Gerund, supine and legistis legeritis legerunt legerint present participle conjugalegeram legissem tions are listed in this order: legeras legisses Pluperfect legerat legisset Nominative legissemus legeramus Genitive legeratis legissetis legerant legissent Dative Future legero Accusative Perfect legeris Ablative legerit legerimus legeritis legerint
3rd conjugation, passive voice: lego INDICATIVE Present legor legeris legitur legimur legimini leguntur Imperfect legebar legebaris legebatur legebamur legebamini legebantur Future legar legeris legetur legemur legemini legentur Perfect lectus, a, um sum lectus, a, um es lectus, a, um est lecti, ae, a sumus lecti, ae, a estis lecti, ae, a sunt Pluperfect lectus, a, um eram lectus, a, um eras lectus, a, um erat lecti, ae, a eramus lecti, ae, a eratis lecti, ae, a erant Future lectus, a, um ero Perfect lectus, a, um eris lectus, a, um erit lecti, ae, a erimus lecti, ae, a eritis lecti, ae, a erunt
SUBJUNCTIVE amer ameris ametur amemur amemini amentur amarer amareris amaretur amaremur amaremini amarentur
IMPERATIVE (be loved) amare amamini
amator amator
amatus, a, um sim amatus, a, um sis amatus, a, um sit amati, ae, a simus amati, ae, a sitis amati, ae, a sint amatus, a, um essem amatus, a, um esses amatus, a, um esset amati, ae, a essemus amati, ae, a essetis amati, ae, a essent
SUBJUNCTIVE monear monearis moneatur moneamur moneamini moneantur monerer monereris moneretur moneremur moneremini monerentur
amantor
IMPERATIVE
SUBJUNCTIVE legar legaris legatur legamur legamini legantur legerer legereris legeretur legeremur legeremini legerentur
amatus, a, um (having been loved)
PARTICIPLE
monemini
monentor
IMPERATIVE
monendus, a, um (about to be warned)
monitus, a, um
PARTICIPLE
legere legemini
legitor legitor
lectus, a, um sim lectus, a, um sis lectus, a, um sit lecti, ae, a simus lecti, ae, a sitis lecti, ae, a sint lectus, a, um essem lectus, a, um esses lectus, a, um esset lecti, ae, a essemus lecti, ae, a essetis lecti, ae, a essent
amandus, a, um (about to be loved)
monere
monetor monetor
monitus, a, um sim monitus, a, um sis monitus, a, um sit moniti, ae, a simus moniti, ae, a sitis moniti, ae, a sint monitus, a, um essem monitus, a, um esses monitus, a, um esset moniti, ae, a essemus moniti, ae, a essetis moniti, ae, a essent
PARTICIPLE
leguntor
legendus, a, um (about to be read)
lectus, a, um
3rd conjugation (mixed), -i stem, active voice: capio, capere, cepi, captum (to take) INDICATIVE SUBJUNCTIVE GERUND IMPERATIVE SUPINE PARTICIPLE Sing: masc/fem. neut. Present capio capiam capiens capiens capias capiendi cape captum capientis capientis capis capit capiat capiendo capienti capienti capimus capiamus capiendum capientem capiens capitis capiatis capiendo capite capiente capiente capiunt capiant captu (or capienti) (or capienti) Present Plur: masc/fem. neut. Imperfect capiebam caperem capientes capientia caperes capientium capientium capiebas capiebat caperet capientibus capientibus capiebamus caperemus capientes capientia capiebatis caperetis capientibus capientibus capiebant caperent Future capiam capturus, a, um capies capito (about to take) capiet capito capiemus capietis capitote capient capiunto Perfect cepi ceperim cepisti ceperis cepit ceperit cepimus ceperimus cepistis ceperitis ceperunt ceperint Pluperfect ceperam cepissem ceperas cepisses ceperat cepisset ceperamus cepissemus ceperatis cepissetis ceperant cepissent Future cepero Perfect ceperis ceperit ceperimus ceperitis ceperint
3rd conjugation (mixed), -i stem, passive voice: capio INDICATIVE SUBJUNCTIVE Present capior capiar caperis capiaris capitur capiatur capimur capiamur capimini capiamini capiuntur capiantur Imperfect capiebar caperer capiebaris capereris capiebatur caperetur capiebamur caperemur capiebamini caperemini capiebantur caperentur Future capiar capieris capietur capiemur capiemini capientur Perfect captus, a, um sum captus, a, um sim captus, a, um es captus, a, um sis captus, a, um est captus, a, um sit capti, ae, a sumus capti, ae, a simus capti, ae, a estis capti, ae, a sitis capti, ae, a sunt capti, ae, a sint Pluperfect captus, a, um eram captus, a, um essem captus, a, um eras captus, a, um esses captus, a, um erat captus, a, um esset capti, ae, a eramus capti, ae, a essemus capti, ae, a eratis capti, ae, a essetis capti, ae, a erant capti, ae, a essent Future captus, a, um ero Perfect captus, a, um eris captus, a, um erit capti, ae, a erimus capti, ae, a eritis capti, ae, a erunt
4th conjugation, active voice: audio, audire, audivi, auditum (to hear) INDICATIVE SUBJUNCTIVE GERUND IMPERATIVE SUPINE PARTICIPLE Sing: masc/fem. neut. Present audio audiam audiens audiens audias audiendi audi auditum audientis audientis audis audit audiat audiendo audienti audienti audimus audiamus audiendum audientem audiens auditis audiatis audiendo audite audiente audiente audiunt audiant auditu (or audienti) (or audienti) Present Plur: masc/fem. neut. audientes audientia Imperfect audiebam audirem audiebas audires audientium audientium audiebat audiret audientibus audientibus audiebamus audiremus audientes audientia audiebatis audiretis audientibus audientibus audiebant audirent Future audiam auditurus, a, um audies audito (about to hear) audito audiet audiemus audietis auditote audient audiunto Perfect audivi audiverim audivisti audiveris audiverit audivit audivimus audiverimus audivistis audiveritis audiverunt audiverint Pluperfect audiveram audivissem audiveras audivisses audiverat audivisset audiveramus audivissemus audiveratis audivissetis audiverant audivissent Future audivero Perfect audiveris audiverit audiverimus audiveritis audiverint
4th conjugation, passive voice: audio INDICATIVE Present audior audiris auditur audimur audimini audiuntur Imperfect audiebar audiebaris audiebatur audiebamur audiebamini audiebantur Future audiar audieris audietur audiemur audiemini audientur Perfect auditus, a, um sum auditus, a, um es auditus, a, um est auditi, ae, a sumus auditi, ae, a estis auditi, ae, a sunt Pluperfect auditus, a, um eram auditus, a, um eras auditus, a, um erat auditi, ae, a eramus auditi, ae, a eratis auditi, ae, a erant Future auditus, a, um ero Perfect auditus, a, um eris auditus, a, um erit auditi, ae, a erimus auditi, ae, a eritis auditi, ae, a erunt
THE ROMAN CALENDAR As of 46 B.C., the Roman calendar has had 365 1/4 days. Each given year was usually designated by the names of the consuls in charge. Ex: M. Tullio et D. Antonio consulibus When M. Tullius and D. Antonius were Consuls (63 B.C.)
The Months January
Januarius
July
Quintilis (Quinctilis)
February
Februarius
August
Sextilis
March
Mars
September
September
April
Aprilis
October
October
May
Maius
November
November
June
Junius
December
December
Days of the Month 1st of each month 5th or 7th of each month
nonae
13th or 15th of each month
idus
kalendae
All other days were designated according to the kalendas, nonas or idus. Ex: Quarto die ante Nonas Januarias. The fourth day before the nonae of January (January 2nd).
SUBJUNCTIVE audiar audiaris audiatur audiamur audiamini audiantur audirer audireris audiretur audiremur audiremini audirentur
IMPERATIVE
capimini
capitor capitor
capiendus, a, um (about to be taken)
capiuntor captus, a, um
IMPERATIVE
PARTICIPLE
audire audimini
auditor auditor
auditus, a, um sim auditus, a, um sis auditus, a, um sit auditi, ae, a simus auditi, ae, a sitis auditi, ae, a sint auditus, a, um essem auditus, a, um esses auditus, a, um esset auditi, ae, a essemus auditi, ae, a essetis auditi, ae, a essent
PARTICIPLE
capere
audiuntor
audiendus, a, um (about to be heard)
auditus, a, um