Landolt-Börnstein Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology New Series / Editor in Chief: W. Martienssen
Group IV: Physical Chemistry Volume 19
Thermodynamic Properties of Inorganic Materials compiled by SGTE Subvolume A Pure Substances Heat Capacities, Enthalpies, Entropies and Gibbs Energies, Phase Transition Data
Part 1 Elements and Compounds from AgBr to Ba3N2 Editor Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Hüttenkunde, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen Authors Scientific Group Thermodata Europe (SGTE)
13
ISSN 0942-7996 (Physical Chemistry) ISBN 3-540-64734-1 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Zahlenwerte und Funktionen aus Naturwissenschaften und Technik, Neue Serie Editor in Chief: W. Martienssen Vol. IV/19A1: Editor: Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Hüttenkunde, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen At head of title: Landolt-Börnstein. Added t.p.: Numerical data and functional relationships in science and technology. Tables chiefly in English. Intended to supersede the Physikalisch-chemische Tabellen by H. Landolt and R. Börnstein of which the 6th ed. began publication in 1950 under title: Zahlenwerte und Funktionen aus Physik, Chemie, Astronomie, Geophysik und Technik. Vols. published after v. 1 of group I have imprint: Berlin, New York, Springer-Verlag Includes bibliographies. 1. Physics--Tables. 2. Chemistry--Tables. 3. Engineering--Tables. I. Börnstein, R. (Richard), 1852-1913. II. Landolt, H. (Hans), 1831-1910. III. Physikalisch-chemische Tabellen. IV. Title: Numerical data and functional relationships in science and technology. QC61.23 502'.12 62-53136 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in other ways, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from SpringerVerlag. Violations are liable for prosecution act under German Copyright Law. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1999 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product Liability: The data and other information in this handbook have been carefully extracted and evaluated by experts from the original literature. Furthermore, they have been checked for correctness by authors and the editorial staff before printing. Nevertheless, the publisher can give no guarantee for the correctness of the data and information provided. In any individual case of application, the respective user must check the correctness by consulting other relevant sources of information. Cover layout: Erich Kirchner, Heidelberg Typesetting: Authors and Redaktion Landolt-Börnstein, Darmstadt Printing: Computer to plate, Mercedes-Druck, Berlin Binding: Lüderitz & Bauer, Berlin SPIN: 10652891
63/3020 - 5 4 3 2 1 0 – Printed on acid-free paper
Editor I. Hurtado and D. Neuschütz Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Hüttenkunde Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen D-52056 Aachen, Germany http:/www.lth.rwth-aachen.de/
Author Scientific Group Thermodata Europe (SGTE) Chairman: P.J. Spencer Grenoble Campus 1001 Avenue Centrale, BP 66 F-38402 Saint Martin d'Hères, France http://www.sgte.org/
Member Organisations of SGTE: The present series of books is the result of a collective work carried out during many years by many individuals. Since a complete list of all contributors is an impossible task, only a contact person is mentioned under each member organisation. AEA Technology plc Materials and Chemical Process Assessment P.K. Mason 220, Harwell Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, OX11 0RA http://www.aeat.co.uk/mcpa/ GTT Technologies Gesellschaft für Technische Thermochemie und -physik mbH K. Hack Kaiserstraße 100 D-52134 Herzogenrath, Germany http://gttserv.lth.rwth-aachen.de/gtt/ Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et Physico-Chimie Métallurgiques I. Ansara F-38402 Saint Martin d'Hères, France http://www.inpg.fr/LTPCM/ IRSID Department of Physical Chemistry J. Lehmann Voie Romaine - BP 30320 F-57283 Maizières-lès-Metz, France Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung und Institut für Nichtmetallische Anorganische Materialen der Universität Stuttgart Pulvermetallurgisches Laboratorium H.J. Seifert Heisenbergstraße 5 D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany http://wwwmf.mpi-stuttgart.mpg.de/abteilungen/aldinger/aldinger.html
National Physical Laboratory Centre for Materials Measurement and Technology A.T. Dinsdale Queens Road, Teddington, Middlesex, United Kingdom, TW11 0LW http://www.npl.co.uk/npl/cmmt/mtdata/mts.htm Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Hüttenkunde E. Münstermann D-52056 Aachen, Germany http://www.lth.rwth-aachen.de/ Royal Institute of Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering J. Ågren S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden http://www.met.kth.se/tc/ THERMODATA B. Cheynet Grenoble Campus 1001 Avenue Centrale, BP 66 F-38402 Saint Martin d'Hères, France http://www.thermodata.asso.fr/ Université Paris-Sud XI Faculté de Pharmacie Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Minérale et Bioinorganique, EA 401 Y. Feutelais 5 rue J.B. Clément F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France http://www.u-psud.fr/
In preparing the data for publication in this Series, the editor has been assisted particularly by:
A.T. Dinsdale (Data Manager for Elements), I. Ansara (Data Manager for Pure Substances), B. Sundman (Data Manager for Solutions), J.A.J. Robinson (SGTETab software). Landolt-Börnstein Editorial Office Gagernstr. 8, D-64283 Darmstadt, Germany fax: +49 (6151) 171760 e-mail:
[email protected] Internet http://science.springer.de/newmedia/laboe/lbhome.htm Helpdesk e-mail:
[email protected]
Preface Thermodynamic data for inorganic materials are fundamental for the optimisation of existing process parameters and for investigating suitable parameters for carrying out potential new processes. With the aid of such data, considerable time and costs can be saved by calculating the conditions necessary to produce a material of the required composition and specified purity, with a minimum usage of energy and input materials and with a minimum release of harmful substances to the environment. The reliability of such calculations depends, of course, on the accuracy of the thermodynamic data used and one difficulty facing the user of published thermodynamic tables has been the wide selection of such compilations available. A further difficulty in using such tabulations is the need to maintain compatibility if it is found necessary to use values from more than one compilation. Different standard states, different tabulated functions and even different values for the same substance can quickly lead to uncertainty and errors in application of the numbers. Nearly all currently available compilations of thermodynamic data relate to pure substances. Very few publications of solution properties for inorganic materials exist. There are very, very few processes however, for which the reactants and products can be regarded as simple stoichiometric compounds. Even very small amounts of dissolved gases or other impurities in a product material can seriously impair its properties. On the other hand, many materials in use today are comprised of several deliberately alloyed constituents to achieve desired mechanical and physical properties. Only by including the thermodynamic solution properties of the dissolved species can full account be taken of reactions such as those between an alloy melt and a slag phase, or those involved in forming precipitated phases in a multicomponent alloy, or in vapour deposition of complex coatings on an alloy substrate, etc.. For almost 20 years, members of SGTE have been working together to try to overcome some of these problems by together producing self-consistent and compatible thermodynamic datasets, not only for pure inorganic substances, but also for mixtures of substances in the form of alloys, slags, salt systems, aqueous solutions, etc. Major advantages of the SGTE data are their self-consistency, the fact that they are produced with careful attention to a well-defined quality procedure and that the expertise of SGTE members in various areas of inorganic chemistry and materials science (ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, ceramics, slags, nuclear, aqueous, etc.) allows review of the numbers by highly qualified scientists in the fields concerned. The SGTE evaluated data forming this series provide a self-consistent progression from elements and stoichiometric compounds (Volume A) to binary systems including solution phases (Volume B). The possibility to continue to ternary and multicomponent systems is also forseen. The data in the latter would be so presented as to correspond to potential application themes (steels, light alloys, nickel-base alloys, etc.). The fundamental equations used in evaluating the data are given in the introduction to the volumes and the models used in representing the data are described. Each book is accompanied by a diskette allowing computer tabulation of any required function at any temperature, or for selected temperature ranges, for the substances or systems in that volume. Graphical representations are also possible, including phase diagrams for the systems. The first set of four books (subvolume A) will be accompanied by software which also allows calculation, tabulation and plotting of the thermodynamic properties of reaction of substances selected from any of the Parts 1 to 4. Information on more comprehensive software, allowing complex equilibrium calculations involving not only pure substances, but also solution phases of different types, can be obtained from SGTE members. A list of the SGTE membership is presented in the cover pages of this Volume. In presenting the data in this Series, SGTE would like to give sincere acknowledgement to the contributions of a number of scientists whose efforts have been invaluable in establishing the present SGTE databases. The names are as follows: Prof. E. Bonnier, Dr. M.H. Rand, Prof. O. Kubaschewski, Dr. M. Olette, Prof. O. Knacke, Prof. M. Hillert, Prof. I. Barin, Dr. H.L. Lukas, Dr. C. Bernard, Dr. T.I. Barry, Dr. T.G. Chart and Dr. G.P. Jones. The skilled evaluations originating from members of THERMOCENTER, Russian Academy of Science, are also gratefully acknowledged.
Dr. P.J. Spencer Chairman of SGTE
Ithaca, March 1999
Introduction
XI
______________________________________________________________________ Introduction The data presented in this series, dealing with Thermodynamic Properties of Inorganic Materials, have been evaluated and compiled by SGTE. SGTE is a consortium of European laboratories working together to develop high quality thermodynamic databases for a wide variety of inorganic and metallurgical systems [87Ans, 91Din]. The SGTE element data [91Din] conform to the 1990 International Temperature Scale and over the last years have formed the basis for most assessments of binary, ternary and higher order systems appearing in the open literature. Members of SGTE have played a principle role in promoting the concept of ”computational thermochemistry” as a time and cost-saving basis for guiding materials development and processing in many different areas of technology. At the same time, through organisation of workshops and participation in CODATA Task Groups, SGTE members have contributed significantly to the broader international effort to unify thermodynamic data and assessment methods. The SGTE data can be obtained via members and their agents world-wide for use with commercially available software developed by some of the members, to enable users to undertake calculations of complex chemical equilibria efficiently and reliably. The SGTE Member organisations are: France:
- Institut National Polytechnique (LTPCM), Grenoble - Association THERMODATA, Grenoble - IRSID, Maizières-lès-Metz - Université de Paris Sud (LCP)
Germany: - Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (LTH), Aachen - MPI für Metallforschung (PML), Stuttgart - GTT-Technologies, Aachen Sweden:
- Royal Institute of Technology (MSE), Stockholm
United Kingdom:
-National Physical Laboratory (CMMT), Teddington -AEA Technology plc, Harwell
1. Basic Equations and Functions Used 1.1. Heat Capacity The heat capacity of the elements and the pure substances in a defined state is represented by a power series of the form C p = a + b ⋅ T + c ⋅ T 2 + d ⋅ T −2
(1)
It is often necessary to use several temperature ranges, without discontinuities, in order to represent the assessed Cp values as accurately as possible. Plots of Cp are presented for each substance, whilst calculated values for selected temperatures or temperature intervals can be obtained using the software accompanying the volumes. SGTE
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Introduction
1 Basic equations and functions used
1.1 Heat capacity The heat capacity of the elements and the pure substances in a defined state is represented by a power series of the form C p = a + b ⋅ T + c ⋅ T 2 + d ⋅ T −2
(1)
It is often necessary to use several temperature ranges, without discontinuities, in order to represent the assessed Cp values as accurately as possible. Plots of Cp are presented for each substance, whilst calculated values for selected temperatures or temperature intervals can be obtained using the software accompanying the volumes. It can sometimes be necessary to extrapolate the thermodynamic properties of the solid phases of an element beyond the temperature ranges where the phases are stable. In the SGTE treatment of such data for the liquid phase, it has been assumed that the heat capacity of the liquid should approach that of the SER-phase (Standard Element Reference-phase, which is usually the phase stable at 298.15 K) and similarly, that the heat capacity of all solid phases above the melting temperature should approach that of the liquid. This excludes a proper treatment of glass transformations, but represents a pragmatic solution to the difficulties associated with necessary extrapolations and removes the possibility of phases becoming incorrectly stable at high or low temperatures. The resulting additional T 7 and T -9 temperature terms used are presented in equation (7) below. Alternative extrapolation methods have been used for some elements and new methods are being reviewed for incorporation into the SGTE databases shortly [95Sun].
1.2. Enthalpies of formation and transition and standard entropy The enthalpy of formation at 298.15 K, ( ∆ f H 0 (298 K), and the standard entropy at 298.15 K, S 0 (298 K), are presented for each substance, together with the enthalpies and temperatures of polymorphic transformations, ∆ trs H and Ttrs. A reference pressure of 100 kPa is used. In addition, the value of H(298.15 K)-H(0 K) is given when available.
1.3. Gibbs energy As most thermodynamic calculations relating to reactions and phase equilibria involving inorganic materials are made assuming constant temperature and pressure, the Gibbs energy is often the most suitable function to describe the thermodynamic properties of the substances involved. The molar Gibbs energy of a pure element i, 0 Gi (T) , referred to the enthalpy of its standard reference state at 298.15 K,
0
H i (298.15K) , is denoted by GHSERi. This quantity is described as a function of
temperature by the following equation: SGTE
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GHSER i = 0 Gi (T)− 0 H i (298K ) = a + b ⋅ T + c ⋅ T ⋅ lnT + d ⋅ T 2 + e ⋅ T 3 + f ⋅ T −1
(2)
The same basic equation is also used to describe the Gibbs energy of pure stoichiometric substances. N.B. It is important to recognise that GHSER (normally shortened to G) is not the Gibbs energy of formation at a particular temperature. ∆ f G includes contributions from the entropy of the elements at T and changes in the enthalpy of the elements between 298.15 K and T. From the Gibbs energy, all important thermodynamic properties can be calculated by combining appropriate partial derivatives. In particular the first and second derivatives of equation (2) with respect to temperature are related to the absolute entropy and heat capacity of the substance at the temperature concerned. Experimental values for heat capacity can thus be directly correlated with the coefficients c, d, e and f. S = − b − c − c ⋅ lnT − 2d ⋅ T − 3e ⋅ T 2 + f ⋅ T −2 Using
G = H −T ⋅S
(3) (4)
H = a − c ⋅ T − d ⋅ T 2 − 2e ⋅ T 3 + 2f ⋅ T −1
(5)
C p = −c − 2d ⋅ T − 6e ⋅ T 2 − 2f ⋅ T −2
(6)
Taking into account the need to extrapolate the data for a phase to metastable ranges, as discussed in Section 1.1., equation (2) is modified to give: GHSER i = 0 Gi (T)− 0 H i (298K ) = a + b ⋅ T + c ⋅ T ⋅ lnT + d ⋅ T 2 + e ⋅ T 3 + f ⋅ T −1 + g ⋅ T 7 + h ⋅ T −9
(7)
1.3.1. Influence of magnetic behaviour For substances which display a magnetic ordering (e.g. the elements Cr, Fe, Ni, Mn), the term GHSER is considered for a paramagnetic state and the magnetic contribution is treated explicitly. Thus an additional term is added to the molar Gibbs energy of the magnetic phase. This is equal to: G mag = RTln(β + 1) ⋅ f( τ)
(8)
where τ is T/Tc, Tc being the critical temperature for magnetic ordering and ß the average magnetic moment per atom expressed in Bohr magnetons. The function f(τ) is given as: τ < 1:
f(τ) = 1-[79 τ-1/140p+(474/497)(1/p-1)(τ 3/6+ τ9/135+ τ 15/600)]/A
τ > 1:
f(τ) = -[ τ /10+ τ /315+ τ /1500]/A
(10)
A = 518/1125+(11692/15975)(1/p-1)
(11)
-5
-15
-25
(9)
with
These equations were derived by Hillert et al. [78Hil] from an expression of the magnetic heat capacity, C pmag , proposed by Inden [81Ind]. The value of p depends on the structure. For example, p has a value of 0.28 for fcc and hcp metals and 0.40 for bcc metals [81Ind]. Gibbs energy equations for the pure elements, of the form given in equation (7), have been published previously as the SGTE data for the pure elements by Dinsdale [91Din].
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1.4 Gibbs energy of formation 1.4.1 Binary compounds The Gibbs energy of formation of a binary compound AaBb is expressed as: GA a Bb − a⋅0 H A (298.15K) − b⋅0 H B (298.15K) = f(T )
(12)
The expression for f(T) is identical to that given by equation (7). Equation (12) can be transformed by applying equation (2) for each component f (T ) = GA
a Bb
= ∆ f GA The term ∆ f GA
a Bb
(T ) − a⋅0 GA (T ) − b⋅0 GB (T ) + a GHSERA + b GHSER B = a Bb
(T ) + a GHSERA + b GHSERB
(13)
(T ) is the Gibbs energy of formation of the compound referred to the stable elements
at temperature T. 1.4.2 Gaseous species An expression identical to equation (12) is used to describe the Gibbs energy of formation of gaseous species, with an additional term RT lnP, where P is the total pressure. The reference state for each vapour species is taken to be the pure component at 0.1 MPa pressure.
2 Definitions and reference information The definitions given here, which are relevant to the volumes of tabulated data and accompanying software, are intended to explain the meaning of words commonly used in metallurgical and inorganic thermochemistry; they are not necessarily generally used definitions in all cases. Atom An atom is the smallest possible state of division of an element. Component (see System) Compound A compound is composed of at least two different elements. The phase is not defined. A compound in crystalline form may be made up of individual molecules or it may have extended ionic, covalent or metallic bonding. For example the overall composition of rock salt is governed by the fact that there are equal numbers of Na+ and Cl - ions on two sublattices. The use of the word compound normally implies a stoichiometric composition (i.e. the amounts of the elements are in simple ratio). Element An element cannot be broken down to a simpler chemical form by non-nuclear processes. The phase is not defined and the element may be present as atoms or molecules, e.g. gaseous O, O2 and O3 are different molecular forms of the element oxygen. SGTE
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Equilibrium At chemical equilibrium the phases present, their composition and internal speciation is such as to minimise the Gibbs energy at a fixed pressure or the Helmholtz energy at fixed volume. When the Gibbs energy is minimum the chemical potentials (partial molar Gibbs energies with respect to composition) of the components are equalised throughout the system, i.e. in every phase. Thus equilibrium can be computed either by minimisation of Gibbs energy or equalisation of chemical potentials. Ion An ion is an atom or molecule carrying electric charge. Isomer Isomers are molecules with the same formula but different structures. SGTE distinguishes between isomers by appending a tag to the formula, e.g. C2Cl2H2_trans
and C2Cl2H2_cis. Isotope Isotopes of the same element have the same atomic number but differing atomic weights. For most elements, and for most purposes, the differences in chemical behaviour are insignificant. Hydrogen is an exception and the SGTE substance database incorporates data for deuterium, tritium and some of their compounds using the symbols D and T. Model The word "model", as used in conjunction with the SGTE data, applies to any mathematical description of the properties of a phase, a unary or an interaction as a function of one or more variables such as temperature, pressure, composition and internal distribution of components. The mathematical model is strongly linked to the phase and takes account of structural features of phases for example multiple sublattices and solution on individual sublattices. Within a single phase the same model must be used to describe the mixing between all binary and, if necessary, higher order combinations of unaries. This entails that care must be taken when developing data for a multicomponent system that models and reference states are consistent. "Model" may also have a more restrictive definition in which the parameters in the mathematical description are given definite numerical values. Molecule A molecule is a chemically bonded group of similar or different atoms, eg Cl2 or NH3. The word molecule is most often used for species in the gas phase, but it can be used for species (q.v.) in other phases, including crystalline phases, provided the molecule behaves as a single entity. Phase A phase is chemically and structurally homogeneous and is distinguishable from other phases by its name, structure and properties (mechanical, physical and chemical). Crystalline phases have a definite periodic structure, often with sublattices. In order to define phases uniquely, phase names like fcc and alpha are insufficient. For this reason SGTE has coupled the Pearson symbol to the crystal class for metallic phases, e.g. Fe. Reference state Enthalpy data for all substances are ultimately referred to the enthalpy of the elements in their standard reference states. This corresponds to the stable phase at 1 atm. (101325 Pa) and 298.15 K. (Phosphorous, for which the red allotrope is more easy to prepare and define in a chemically pure form than is the stable white form, is an exception). Thus, for example, the enthalpy of liquid water is referred to gaseous O2 and H2, both at 101325 Pa, via the equation: H2 + 0.5 O2 = H2O Landolt-Börnstein New Series IV/19A
(14) SGTE
XVI
Introduction
However, the entropy and heat capacity of liquid water are properties of water itself. The enthalpy and entropy of liquid water are defined by: T ∫298.15 C p (H2O)dT
(15)
T ∫298.15 C p (H2O)/T dT
(16)
H(H2O) = ∆fH298.15(H2O) + S(H2O) = S298.15(H2O) +
Solution A solution is a homogeneous mixture within a single phase. Local ordering may be present. A phase that includes a variable proportion of unoccupied sites is also a solution but the vacancies do not constitute a component. The data for solutions are defined by reference to the unaries from which they are constituted using the model and data describing the ideal and non-ideal mixing between these unaries. Species A species is an atom, ion or molecule and corresponds to an identifiable constituent of a phase, for example a gaseous molecule or an ion occupying a sublattice. State of matter The states of matter relevant to these tables are solid, liquid and gas. Substance "Substance" denotes any quantity of material having a definite identity. Thus the term comprises anything from an atom or ion upwards. In the SGTE data presented here, a more restricted sense is implied, namely a unary, a stoichiometric compound or a pure gas. System and component A chemical system is defined by a set of chemical entities known as components. In the simplest case these are the elements comprising the system. However, they may also be compounds of these elements, in which case they may be fewer or, less commonly, greater in number than the number of elements. For the example of the three elements C, H and O, the number of components might be 1, ethanol; 2, ethanolwater; 3, C-H-O; or 4, methanol-ethanol-water-benzene, etc. Systems may be closed or open. In closed systems the total amount of the components is fixed, whereas in open systems the composition can adjust to meet some external constraint. Unary The word "unary" is used to define the constituents of a phase. For example in a liquid phase the unaries might be H2O and C2H5OH. The data for these unaries are those of the pure liquids. Unaries are not necessarily experimentally accessible. For example Ni is unstable but data for it are required to model the solution of nickel in the bcc phase of steels. Moreover, to meet the requirements of models for ionic phases with sublattices a unary may carry charge. For example the formation of an inverse spinel AB2O4 might be modelled by the mixing of the four unaries, A3+(A3+)2O4<spinel>, A3+(B2+)2O4<spinel>, B2+(A3+)2O4<spinel> and B2+(B2+)2O4<spinel> which respectively have charges of +1 -1, 0 and -2 only one of which, even in principle, could have an independent existence. Vacancies Sites in crystalline structures are not always 100% populated, indeed interstitial sites may have a very low occupancy. SGTE modelling considers the unoccupied sites as vacancies, which are denoted by Va.
SGTE
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3 Content of the tables 3.1 Tabulated values The following standard format has been used to present the evaluated thermodynamic values for all inorganic substances: At the head of the page on the left hand side is the chemical formula and name for the substance concerned and on the right hand side a reference or references to the major source of the evaluated data contained in the table below. The table itself contains the following: T (Temperature in K) So (Standard entropy in J K-1 mol-1) - the entropy of the substance at 298.15 K and 100 kPa. H298-H0 (Enthalpy in J mol-1) - the difference in the enthalpy of the substance between 298.15 K and 0 K (when available) ∆f Ho (Standard enthalpy of formation in J mol-1) - the change in enthalpy resulting from the formation of the substance at 298.15K from the appropriate proportions of its pure elemental components in their standard reference states, also at 298.15K ∆f So (Standard entropy of formation in J K-1 mol-1) - the change in entropy resulting from the formation of the substance at 298.15 K from the appropriate proportions of its pure elemental components in their standard reference states, also at 298.15 K ∆f Go (Standard Gibbs energy of formation in J mol-1) - the change in Gibbs energy resulting from the formation of the substance at 298.15 K from the appropriate proportions of its pure elemental components in their standard reference states, also at 298.15 K ∆trs Ho (Enthalpy of transition in J mol-1) - the enthalpy difference between two different stable phases of the substance at the transition temperature corresponding to the value of T in the first column ∆trs So (Entropy of transition in J K-1 mol-1) - the entropy difference between two different stable phases of the substance at the transition temperature corresponding to the value of T in the first column type (nature of the transition) abbreviated information on the nature of the phase transition concerned S-S - solid/solid transition S-L - solid/liquid transition For the elements the information is more detailed including the name of the phases.
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3.2 Figures There are generally two figures accompanying the tabulated values. These are - a plot of the heat capacity, Cp , (in J K-1 mol-1) as a function of temperature (K) for the complete range of temperature for which data are available. The plot comprises curves for the different phases of the substance if phase transitions occur in the temperature range concerned. - a plot of the enthalpy of formation, ∆fH , and Gibbs energy of formation, ∆fG , (in kJ mol-1 or MJ mol-1) as a function of temperature. Phase transitions in the substance and in the elemental components of the substance are reflected in the different curves. The maximum temperature may be limited by the maximum temperature of one of the component of the substance. For the elements in its reference state the second figure is replaced by a table with several properties, including a short version of the SGTE phase designation (i.e. A_MON_Pu instead of ALPHA_MONOCLINIC_Pu) the Strukturbericht, prototype, Pearson symbol and space group [86Mas, 91Din] the atomic number and atomic weight [96IUPAC, 97IUPAC]. The number in parentheses indicates the uncertainty in the last digit. the density [98Pre]
4 Accompanying software, SGTETab( for Windows)
INSTALL
SGTETab is a program for tabulating and plotting the thermodynamic properties for pure substances or a chemical reaction using data stored in the SGTE pure substance database. It has been designed for use under the Windows9x or Windows NT operating systems as a full Windows program providing dialogue boxes, menus and context sensitive help in order to guide the user to ask for the table or plot required. As a Windows program it provides printer support. On executing SGTETab first click the ∆H button which opens the tabulation window containing various simple dialogue boxes allowing you to define: -
the substance (in a compact way, e.g. Be6Li2O10 instead of Li2O.3B2O3) or equation the units of temperature, pressure and energy the thermodynamic function to be plotted the range of temperatures to be covered by the calculations the fixed pressure for the calculations the name of the file where tabulated results are to be saved
The substance or equation is defined using the standard chemical nomenclature for the element names, eg mixture of upper and lower case characters Ag, B, Na, AgCl, CaBr2. If the substance is entered without a phase identifier a crystalline state is assumed with no defined phase name. However if data for a particular phase are to be used, the phase name should be entered immediately after the substance within angular brackets e.g. C. If data for gaseous species are required the phase identifier g is used e.g. H2, CH2. Equations are entered with the list of reactants and products separated by an equals sign e.g.:
SGTE
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Introduction
XIX
Ca + Cl2 = CaCl2 The amount of each of the reactants or products could be a fraction or a non-integer if required e.g.: C +0.5O2 = CO Na + 1/2Cl2 = NaCl SGTETab also provides a facility to balance chemical equations automatically. e.g.: Fe2(SO4) 3 = Fe3O4 + SO2 + O2 will auto-balance to give the chemical equation: Fe2(SO4) 3 = 2/3Fe3O4 + 3SO2 +5/3O2 Both tabular and graphical output is provided on clicking the PLOT button. The graphical output may be minimised for comparison with other graphical output, saved on disk or printed out on a connected printer. Optionally the printed information may be sent to a file as specified in the results file dialogue box. By default SGTETAB assumes that the units of energy are joules, temperature in K and pressure in Pa but alternative units may be selected using by clicking on the arrow in the appropriate dialogue box. The default temperature range over which calculations are carried out is 300 to 3000 K in steps of 50 K but this may be truncated depending on the upper temperature range of one or more of the compounds in the chemical equation. The user may, however, select a range of temperatures and step size depending on his own interest. The default pressure is 105 Pa but again this may be changed by the user if he/she wishes to investigate the properties of a chemical reaction or a pure substance at other pressures. A number of different thermodynamic functions may be plotted as a function of temperature including the heat capacity at constant pressure, Cp (the default), enthalpy, H, entropy, S, the Gibbs energy, G, and a function beta. When looking at data for individual substances the heat capacity and entropy represent absolute values while the values of the enthalpy and Gibbs energy are relative to the SGTE defined reference, Hser, the enthalpies of the elements in their standard reference state at 298.15 K. If a chemical reaction is being considered these functions become the change in properties arising from the chemical reaction ie ∆Cp, ∆S, ∆H and ∆G. The function beta for a pure substance is defined as: G/RTln10 where G is the Gibbs energy relative to HSER as defined above. For a chemical reaction the function beta now represents ∆G/RTln10 or the logarithm (base 10) of the equilibrium constant at constant pressure i.e. log10Kp. While SGTETab gives useful information about the stability of individual substances under ranges of conditions it is worth remembering that more powerful facilities are also available from SGTE members to use the data to model chemical and phase equilibria of much greater complexity.
Landolt-Börnstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
XX
Introduction
References 78Hil 81Ind 87Ans 91Din 95Sun 98Pre
87Mas 96IUPAC 97IUPAC
SGTE
M. Hillert and M. Jarl: CALPHAD 2 (1978) 227-238. G. Inden: Physica 103B (1981) 82-100. I. Ansara and B. Sundman: in "Computer Handling and Dissemination of Data", P. Glaeser (ed.), CODATA, Elsevier, 1987, p. 154-158. A.T. Dinsdale: CALPHAD 15 (1991) 317-425. B. Sundman, F. Aldinger: 1995 Ringberg Workshop on Unary Data, CALPHAD 19 (1995) 433. B. Predel: "Phase Equilibria, Crystallographic and Thermodynamic Data of Binary Alloys, Pu-Re ... Zn-Zr", O. Madelung (ed.), Landolt-Börnstein New Series IV/5J, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg (1998) T. Massalski (ed.): "Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams", ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA. IUPAC, Pure Appl. Chem. 68 (1996) 2339-2359. IUPAC, Pure Appl. Chem. 69 (1997) 2471-2473.
Landolt-Börnstein New Series IV/19A
References
XLVII
References 67Kub 73Bar
73Hul
74Mil 76IAEA 80Bre 85JANAF
85SGTE 90Cor 91Kna 91SGTE 92SGTE 93Bar 93SGTE 93THDA 94CODATA 94SGTE 94TCRAS 94THDA 95SGTE 96SGTE 96TCRAS 97TCRAS 97THDA 98SGTE
SGTE
O. Kubaschewski, E.LL. Evans, C.B. Alcock: "Metallurgical Thermochemistry" (Fourth edition), , Pergamon Press Ltd. (1967). I. Barin, O. Knacke: "Thermochemical Properties of Inorganic Substances", (1973), and I. Barin, O. Knacke, O. Kubaschewski: "Thermochemical Properties of Inorganic Substances", 'Supplement 1977', , Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg and Verlag Stahleisen mbH, Düsseldorf. R. Hultgren, P.D. Desay, D.T. Hawkins, M. Gleiser, K.K. Kelley, D.D. Wagman: "Selected Values of the Thermodynamic Properties of the Elements", and R. Hultgren, P.D. Desay, D.T. Hawkins, M. Gleiser, K.K. Kelley: "Selected Values of the Thermodynamic Properties of Binary Alloys", The American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio (1973). K.C. Mills: "Thermodynamic Data for Inorganic Sulphides, Selenides and Tellurides", Butterworths & Co. Ltd. London (1974). "The Chemical Thermodynamics of Actinide Elements and Compounds, Part 1. The Actinide Elements", F.L. Oetting, M.H. Rand, R.J. Ackermann (eds.) , I.A.E.A, Vienna (1976). L. Brewer: "Molybdenum: Physico-Chemical Properties of its Compounds and Alloys", Atomic Energy Review Special Issue No. 7, O. Kubaschewski (ed.), I.A.E.A. Vienna (1980). "JANAF Thermochemical Tables" (Third edition), M.W. Chase, Jr., C.A. Davies, J.R. Downey, Jr., D.J. Frurip, R.A. McDonald, and A.N. Syverud: Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, vol. 14, Supplement No. 1, The American Chemical Society and American Institute of Physics for the National Bureau of Standards (1985). SGTE, Grenoble Campus, 1001 Avenue Centrale, BP 66, F-38402 Saint Martin d'Hères, France E.H.P. Cordfunke, R.J.M. Konings (eds.): "Thermochemical Data for Reactor Materials and Fission Products", North Holland (1990). O. Knacke, O. Kubaschewski, K. Hesselmann (eds.): "Thermochemical Properties of Inorganic Substances", Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg and Verlag Stahleisen mbH, Düsseldorf (1991). see [85SGTE] see [85SGTE] I. Barin: "Thermochemical Data of Pure Substances" (Second edition), VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Weinheim (1993). see [85SGTE] THERMODATA, Grenoble Campus, 1001 Avenue Centrale, BP 66, F-38402 Saint Martin d'Hères, France "CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics", J.D. Cox, D.D. Wagman, V.A. Medvedev (eds.) , Hemisphere Publ. Corp. (1989). see [85SGTE] Glushko Thermocenter of the Russian Academy of Sciences, IVTAN Association, Izhorskaya 13/19, 127412 Moscow, Russia. see [93THDA] see [85SGTE] see [85SGTE] see [94TCRAS] see [94TCRAS] see [93THDA] see [85SGTE]
Landolt-Börnstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
1
[96TCRAS]
Ac (Actinium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1323.00
62.000
6700.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 12000.0
SGTE phase designation
a
FCC_A1
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
89
[227]
10.07
Ac (Actinium gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
188.046
6199.0
400000.0
126.046
362419.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
9.070
type
SGTE
2
1 Elements
[73Hul]
Ag (Silver)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1234.93
42.551
5744.6
0.0
0.000
0.0 11296.8
SGTE phase designation
a
FCC_A1
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
47
107.8682(2)
10.5
Ag (Silver gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
172.996
6197.0
284900.0
130.445
246008.0
SGTE
9.148
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
3
Ag2 (Disilver gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
256.901
10213.0
407619.0
171.799
356397.0
[85JANAF]
Al (Aluminium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 933.47
28.300
4540.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 10711.0
SGTE phase designation
a
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
FCC_A1
11.474
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
13
26.981538(2)
2.70
SGTE
4
1 Elements
Al (Aluminium gas)
[94CODATA]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
164.554
6919.0
330000.0
136.254
289376.0
Al2
(Dialuminium gas)
[92SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
243.009
10117.5
509200.0
186.409
453622.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
5
[94SGTE]
Am (Americium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1042.00 1350.00 1449.00
55.396
6407.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 870.0 5862.0 14393.0
SGTE phase designation
a b g
! !
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
DHCP
A3' / a-La
hP4
P63/mmc
FCC_A1
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
95
[243]
13.6
Am (Americium gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
194.551
6197.0
284000.0
139.155
242511.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
0.835 4.342 9.933
type
SGTE
6
1 Elements
Ar (Argon)
[73Hul]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
154.842
6196.5
0.0
0.000
0.0
a
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
None (T < 83.8 K)
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
None (T < 87.3 K)
(liquid)
---
---
GAS
(gas)
---
---
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
18
39.948(1)
...
[94SGTE]
As (Arsenic)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1090.00
35.689
5117.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 24442.9
SGTE phase designation
a
SGTE
RHO_A7
22.425
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A7 / As
hR2
R3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
33
74.92160(2)
5.72
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
7
As (Arsenic gas)
[94SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
174.210
6196.5
286604.0
138.521
245304.0
As2
T
(Diarsenic gas) S f H
298.15
240.882
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
190706.7
[94SGTE] f S
f G
169.504
140169.0
SGTE
8
1 Elements
As4
(Tetraarsenic gas)
[94SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
327.432
17539.3
153657.4
184.676
98596.3
At (Astatine gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
187.067
6197.0
113449.0
160.067
65725.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
9
[96TCRAS]
At2 (Diastatine)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 500.00
54.000
13400.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 20000.0
SGTE phase designation
a UNKNOWN
At2
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
... / ...
...
...
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
85
[210]
...
(Diastatine gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
277.144
10495.0
110000.0
223.144
43469.6
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
40.000
type
SGTE
10
1 Elements
[73Hul]
Au (Gold)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1337.33
47.488
6016.6
0.0
0.000
0.0 12552.0
SGTE phase designation
a
FCC_A1
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
79
196.96655(2)
19.3
Au (Gold gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
180.505
6197.0
368500.0
133.017
328841.0
SGTE
9.386
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
Au2
11
(Digold gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
269.446
10209.0
510815.0
174.470
458797.0
[94SGTE]
B (Boron)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 2348.00
5.900
1222.0
0.0
0.000
! Liquid
0.0 50200.0
SGTE phase designation
b BETA_RHO_B
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
type
21.380
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
... / B
hR105
R3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
5
10.811(7)
2.34
SGTE
12
1 Elements
B (Boron amorphous)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
6.530
1318.0
4400.0
0.630
4212.2
B (Boron gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
153.435
6316.0
565000.0
147.535
521012.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
B2
13
(Diboron gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
202.062
8805.0
836173.0
190.262
779446.0
[94TCRAS]
Ba (Barium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1000.00
62.500
6910.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 7119.0
SGTE phase designation
a
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
BCC_A2
7.119
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
56
137.327(7)
3.5
SGTE
14
1 Elements
Ba (Barium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
170.245
6197.0
185000.0
107.745
152876.0
Ba2
(Dibarium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
290.706
11359.0
355965.0
165.706
306560.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
15
[94SGTE]
Be (Beryllium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1527.00 1560.00
9.500
1950.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 6849.0 7895.0
a b
! ! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
4
9.012182(3)
1.85
Be (Beryllium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
136.274
6197.0
324000.0
126.774
286202.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
4.485 5.061
type
SGTE
16
Be2
1 Elements
(Diberyllium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
203.722
9838.0
637544.0
184.722
582469.0
[73Hul]
Bi (Bismuth)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 544.55
56.735
6426.6
0.0
0.000
0.0 11296.8
SGTE phase designation
a
SGTE
RHO_A7
20.745
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A7 / As
hR2
R3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
83
208.98038
9.8
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
17
Bi (Bismuth gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
187.007
6197.0
208737.0
130.272
169896.0
Bi2
(Dibismuth gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
272.670
10286.0
219766.0
159.200
172301.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
18
Bi3
1 Elements
(Tribismuth gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
369.877
15926.0
288546.0
199.672
229014.0
Bi4
(Tetrabismuth gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
395.318
21054.0
237214.0
168.378
187012.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
19
Br (Bromine gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
175.016
6197.0
111870.0
98.911
82379.7
Br2
T
(Dibromine liquid) S f H f S f G
298.15
152.210
0.0
0.000
[94TCRAS]
0.0
SGTE phase designation
a
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
None (T < 265.9 K)
A14 / I2
oC8
Cmca
LIQUID
(liquid)
---
---
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
35
79.904(1)
...
SGTE
20
Br2
1 Elements
(Dibromine gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
245.466
9725.0
30910.0
93.256
3105.7
C (Carbon, Graphite)
[95SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH
298.15 4765.30
5.742
1054.0
0.0
0.000
type
24.630
! Liquid
0.0 117369.0
a
SGTE
trsS
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
GRAPHITE_ A9
A9 / C
hP4
P63/mmc
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
6
12.0107(8)
2.62
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
21
C (Carbon, Diamond)
[95SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S
f G
298.15
2.360
518.8
1895.8
2904.1
–3.382
C (Carbon gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
158.099
6536.0
716680.0
152.357
671255.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
22
C2
1 Elements
(Dicarbon gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
197.095
10169.0
830457.0
185.611
775117.0
C3
(Tricarbon gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
237.610
12108.0
839958.0
220.384
774251.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
C4
23
(Tetracarbon gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
252.856
13118.0
1033918.0
229.888
965377.0
C5
(Pentacarbon gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
271.672
16192.0
1050942.0
242.962
978503.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
24
1 Elements
C60 (Carbon, Fullerene)
[95SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
422.600
70880.0
2422000.0
78.080
2398720.0
C60
T
(Carbon, Fullerene, gas) - H S H298 f H 0
298.15
SGTE
535.955
56724.3
2588000.0
[95SGTE] f S
f G
191.435
2530920.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
25
[94SGTE]
Ca (Calcium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 716.00 1115.00
41.588
5736.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 928.8 8539.5
SGTE phase designation
a b
! ! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
FCC_A1
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
20
40.078(4)
1.55
Ca (Calcium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
154.885
6197.0
177800.0
113.297
144020.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1.297 7.659
type
SGTE
26
Ca2
1 Elements
(Dicalcium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
257.564
11273.0
341766.0
174.388
289772.0
[73Hul]
Cd (Cadmium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 594.22
51.800
6247.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 6192.3
a
SGTE
10.421
type
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
48
112.411(8)
8.65
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
27
Cd (Cadmium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
167.747
6197.0
111800.0
115.947
77230.4
[73Hul]
Ce (Cerium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1000.00 1072.00
69.454
7280.2
0.0
0.000
0.0 2991.6 5460.1
SGTE phase designation
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2.992 5.093
type
! ! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
a
None (T < 96K)
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
b g d
DHCP
A3' / a-La
hP4
P63/mmc
FCC_A1
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
58
140.116(1)
6.78
SGTE
28
1 Elements
Ce (Cerium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
191.794
6674.0
417074.0
122.340
380598.0
[93THDA]
Cf (Califormium)
T
S
f H f S f G
298.15
80.542
0.0
0.000
0.0
SGTE phase designation
a b
SGTE
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
DHCP
A3' / a-La
hP4
P63/mmc
FCC_A1
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
98
[251]
...
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
29
Cl (Chlorine gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
165.189
6272.0
121302.0
53.650
105306.0
Cl2
(Dichlorine gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
223.079
9181.0
0.0
0.000
0.0
a
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
None (T < 172.18 K)
A14 / I2
oC8
Cmca
None (T < 239.1 K)
(liquid)
---
---
GAS
(gas)
---
---
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
17
35.4527(9)
...
SGTE
30
1 Elements
[93THDA]
Cm (Curium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1550.00 1618.00
71.965
6133.7
0.0
0.000
0.0 3242.6 14644.0
SGTE phase designation
a b
! ! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
DHCP
A3' / a-La
hP4
P63/mmc
FCC_A1
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
96
[247]
13.5
Cm (Curium gas)
[93THDA]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
197.427
18953.5
387438.4
125.462
350032.0
SGTE
2.092 9.051
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
31
[95SGTE]
Co (Cobalt)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 694.99 1768.00
30.040
4765.5
0.0
0.000
0.0 427.6 16200.0
e a
! ! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
FCC_A1
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
27
58.933200(9)
8.9
Co (Cobalt gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
179.517
6360.0
425594.0
149.368
379466.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
0.615 9.163
type
SGTE
32
Co2
1 Elements
(Dicobalt gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
271.645
11478.0
763758.0
211.565
700680.0
[95SGTE]
Cr (Chromium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 2180.00
23.543
4050.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 21004.0
SGTE phase designation
a
SGTE
BCC_A2
9.635
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
24
51.9961(6)
7.19
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
33
Cr (Chromium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
174.311
6197.0
397147.0
150.768
352196.0
Cr2
(Dichromium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
229.381
9387.0
611287.0
182.295
556936.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
34
1 Elements
[94SGTE]
Cs (Cesium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 301.59
85.230
7711.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 2096.0
SGTE phase designation
a
BCC_A2
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
55
132.90545(2)
1.87
Cs (Cesium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
175.599
6197.0
76500.0
90.369
49556.5
SGTE
6.950
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
Cs2
35
(Dicesium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
284.678
11029.0
109405.0
114.218
75350.9
[85JANAF]
Cu (Copper)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1357.77
33.150
5004.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 13263.3
SGTE phase designation
a
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
FCC_A1
9.768
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
29
63.546(3)
8.96
SGTE
36
1 Elements
Cu (Copper gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
166.287
6197.0
338000.0
133.137
298305.0
Cu2
(Dicopper gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
241.625
9932.0
474538.0
175.325
422265.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
37
D (Deuterium gas)
[85JANAF]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
123.349
6196.5
221718.5
50.870
206552.0
D2
(Dideuterium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
144.958
8569.0
0.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
0.000
0.0
SGTE
38
1 Elements
[96SGTE]
Dy (Dysprosium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1654.15 1685.15
74.956
8865.9
0.0
0.000
0.0 4591.7 11350.5
! ! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
a'
None (T < 85K)
... / a'-Dy
oC4
Cmcm
a b
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
66
162.50(3)
8.54
Dy (Dysprosium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
195.900
6197.0
285252.0
120.944
249193.0
SGTE
2.776 6.736
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
39
[73Hul]
Er (Erbium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1802.00
73.178
7392.3
0.0
0.000
0.0 19903.3
a
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
68
167.26(3)
9.05
Er (Erbium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
194.029
6197.0
313827.0
120.851
277795.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
11.045
type
SGTE
40
1 Elements
[97THDA]
Es (Einsteinium)
T
S
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1133.00
89.471
0.0
0.000
8.302
SGTE phase designation
a b
Es (Einsteinium gas)
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
DHCP
A3' / a-La
hP4
P63/mmc
FCC_A1
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
99
[252]
...
[97THDA]
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
200.916
132883.8
111.445
99656.5
SGTE
! Liquid
0.0 9405.6
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
41
[73Hul]
Eu (Europium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1095.00
80.793
8004.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 9213.2
SGTE phase designation
a
BCC_A2
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
63
151.964(1)
5.26
Eu (Europium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
188.796
6197.0
176187.0
108.003
143986.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
8.414
type
SGTE
42
1 Elements
F (Fluorine gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
158.749
6518.0
79380.0
57.354
62279.8
F2
(Difluorine gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
202.789
8825.0
0.0
0.000
0.0
SGTE phase designation
a b
SGTE
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
... / a-F
mC8
Cmca
(T < 53.48 K)
... / g-O
cP16
Pm3 n
(T < 239.1 K)
(liquid)
---
---
GAS
(gas)
---
---
None (T < 46.55 K)
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
9
18.9984032(5)
...
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
43
[95SGTE]
Fe (Iron)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1184.80 1667.50 1811.00
27.280
4489.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 1012.8 825.8 13806.0
SGTE phase designation
a g d
!
! ! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
FCC_A1
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm 3 m
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
26
55.845(2)
7.86
Fe (Iron gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
180.487
6850.0
415344.0
153.207
368321.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
0.855 0.495 7.623
type
SGTE
44
Fe2
1 Elements
(Diiron gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
248.298
10916.0
720216.0
193.738
662453.0
[93THDA]
Fm (Fermium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
87.236
0.0
0.0
0.000
0.0
SGTE phase designation
a UNKNOWN
SGTE
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
... / ...
...
...
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
100
[257]
...
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
45
Fm (Fermium gas)
[93THDA]
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
199.310
143092.8
112.074
109678.0
[96TCRAS]
Fr (Francium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
101.000
10000.0
0.0
0.000
0.0
SGTE phase designation
a UNKNOWN
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
... / ...
...
...
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
87
[223]
...
SGTE
46
1 Elements
Fr (Francium gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
182.055
6197.0
73000.0
81.055
48833.5
Fr2
(Difrancium gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
300.279
11175.0
106781.0
98.279
77479.1
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
47
[94SGTE]
Ga (Gallium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 302.91
40.727
5572.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 5589.8
a
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
ORT_A11
A11 / Ga
oC8
Cmca
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
31
69.723(1)
5.91
Ga (Gallium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
169.042
6551.0
272000.0
128.315
233743.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
18.454
type
SGTE
48
Ga2
1 Elements
(Digallium gas)
[94SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
267.143
10569.3
433600.0
185.689
378237.0
[96SGTE]
Gd (Gadolinium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1508.15 1586.15
68.089
9087.6
0.0
0.000
0.0 3518.7 9668.0
a b
SGTE
2.333 6.095
type
! ! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
64
157.25(3)
7.89
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
49
Gd (Gadolinium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
194.315
7637.0
398511.0
126.226
360877.0
[73Hul]
Ge (Germanium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1211.40
31.090
4636.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 36944.7
SGTE phase designation
a
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
30.498
StrukturBericht / Prototype
type
! Liquid
Pearson symbol
Space group
cF8
Fd 3 m
DIA_A4
A4 / C(diamond)
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
32
72.61(2)
5.32
SGTE
50
1 Elements
Ge (Germanium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
167.903
7398.0
367800.0
136.813
327009.0
Ge2
(Digermanium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
256.450
10696.0
471500.0
194.270
413578.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
51
H (Hydrogen gas)
[85JANAF]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
114.718
6196.5
217999.0
49.378
203277.0
H2
(Dihydrogen gas)
[85JANAF]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
130.680
8468.4
0.0
0.000
0.0
a b
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
None (T < 1.25 K)
Pearso n symbol
Space group
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
(T < 13.81 K)
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
(T < 20.30 K)
(liquid)
---
---
GAS
(gas)
---
---
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
1
1.00794(7)
...
SGTE
52
1 Elements
He (Helium gas)
[85JANAF]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
126.152
6196.5
0.0
0.000
0.0
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
None (T < [0.95] K)
Pearso n symbol
Space group
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
None (T < 4.215 K)
(liquid)
---
---
GAS
(gas)
---
---
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
2
4.002602(2)
...
[94SGTE]
Hf (Hafnium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 2016.00 2506.00
43.560
5845.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 5860.3 27196.0
a b
SGTE
2.907 10.852
type
! ! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
72
178.49(2)
13.1
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
53
Hf (Hafnium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
186.897
6198.0
622353.0
143.337
579617.0
Hg (Mercury liquid)
[94SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 234.32
75.900
9342.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 2295.3
a
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
type
9.796
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
None (T < 234.2 K)
A10 / Hg
hR1
R3 m
LIQUID
(liquid)
---
---
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
80
200.59(2)
13.53
SGTE
54
1 Elements
Hg (Mercury gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
174.969
6197.0
61380.0
89.662
32459.6
[94SGTE]
Ho (Holmium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1703.00 1745.00
75.019
7995.6
0.0
0.000
0.0 4271.8 11757.0
a b
SGTE
2.508 6.738
type
! ! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
67
164.93032(2)
8.8
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
55
Ho (Holmium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
195.581
6197.0
300191.0
120.562
264245.0
I (Iodine gas)
[85JANAF]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
180.783
6196.5
106763.1
122.713
70176.1
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
56
1 Elements
[85JANAF]
I2 (Diiodine)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 386.75
116.139
13196.3
0.0
0.000
0.0 15517.2
SGTE phase designation
a
I2
ORT_A14
40.122
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A14 / I2
oC8
Cmca
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
53
126.90447(3)
4.92
(Diiodine gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
260.684
10116.0
62420.0
144.545
19323.9
SGTE
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
57
[94SGTE]
In (Indium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 429.75
57.650
6610.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 3283.0
SGTE phase designation
a
TET_A6
StrukturBericht / Prototype A6 / In
! Liquid
Pearson symbol
Space group
tI2
I4/mmm
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
49
114.818(3)
7.31
In (Indium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
173.779
6199.0
240700.0
116.129
206076.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
7.639
type
SGTE
58
In2
1 Elements
(Diindium gas)
[94SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
285.125
10994.3
418800.0
169.825
368167.0
[94SGTE]
Ir (Iridium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 2719.00
35.505
5267.7
0.0
0.000
0.0 41124.0
SGTE phase designation
a
SGTE
FCC_A1
15.125
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
77
192.217(3)
22.5
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
59
Ir (Iridium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
193.583
6197.0
670000.0
158.078
622869.0
[94SGTE]
K (Potassium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 336.86
64.680
7088.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 2320.8
SGTE phase designation
a
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
BCC_A2
6.890
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
19
39.0983(1)
0.86
SGTE
60
1 Elements
K (Potassium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
160.339
6197.0
89000.0
95.659
60479.3
a
K2
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
None (T < 115.76 K)
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
None (T < 119.80 K)
(liquid)
---
---
GAS
(gas)
---
---
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
36
83.80(1)
...
(Dipotassium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
249.757
10741.0
126547.0
120.397
90650.6
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
61
Kr (Krypton gas)
[85JANAF]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
164.085
6196.5
0.0
0.000
0.0
[73Hul]
La (Lanthanum)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 550.00 1134.00 1193.00
56.902
6665.1
0.0
0.000
0.0 364.0 3121.3 6196.5
SGTE phase designation
a b g
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
0.662 2.752 5.194
type
! !
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
DHCP
A3' / a-La
hP4
P63/mmc
FCC_A1
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
57
138.9055(2)
6.7
SGTE
62
1 Elements
La (Lanthanum gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
182.380
6314.0
430000.0
125.478
392589.0
[94SGTE]
Li (Lithium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 453.69
29.120
4632.0
0.0
SGTE
0.000
0.0 3000.0
6.612
type
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
a
None (T < 80 K)
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
b
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
3
6.941(2)
0.53
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
63
Li (Lithium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
138.780
6197.0
159300.0
109.660
126605.0
Li2
(Dilithium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
196.998
9675.0
214881.0
138.758
173510.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
64
1 Elements
[73Hul]
Lu (Lutetium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1936.00
50.961
6389.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 18648.1
a
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
71
174.967(1)
9.84
Lu (Lutetium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
184.800
6200.0
427862.0
133.839
387958.0
SGTE
9.632
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
65
[94THDA]
Mg (Magnesium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 923.00
32.671
4995.7
0.0
0.000
0.0 8476.8
a
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
12
24.3050(6)
1.74
Mg (Magnesium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
148.647
6197.0
147100.0
115.976
112522.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
9.184
type
SGTE
66
Mg2
1 Elements
(Dimagnesium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
240.840
9542.0
286514.0
175.498
234189.0
[95SGTE]
Mn (Manganese)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 980.00 1360.00 1411.00 1519.00
32.220
4995.7
0.0
0.000
0.0 2253.5 2165.7 1908.3 12908.9
SGTE phase designation
a b g d
SGTE
CBCC_A12
2.299 1.592 1.352 8.498
type
! !
! ! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A12/ a-Mn
cI58
I 4 3m
CUB_A13
A13/ b-Mn
cP20
P4132
FCC_A1
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
25
54.938049(9)
7.43
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
67
Mn (Manganese gas)
[93THDA]
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
173.715
282361.4
141.494
240175.0
[95SGTE]
Mo (Molybdenum)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 2896.00
28.560
4589.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 37479.8
SGTE phase designation
a
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
BCC_A2
12.942
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
42
95.94(1)
10.2
SGTE
68
1 Elements
Mo (Molybdenum gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
181.950
6197.0
657617.0
153.390
611884.0
Mo2
(Dimolybdenum gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
244.189
9323.0
904163.0
187.069
848388.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
69
N (Nitrogen gas)
[85JANAF]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
153.298
6196.5
472687.4
57.493
455546.0
N2
(Dinitrogen gas)
[85JANAF]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
191.611
8669.2
0.0
0.000
0.0
a b
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
None (T < 35.61 K)
... / a-N
cP8
Pa3
(T < 63.145 K)
... / b-N
hP4
P63/mmc
(T < 77.35 K)
(liquid)
---
---
GAS
(gas)
---
---
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
7
14.006774(7)
...
SGTE
70
N3
1 Elements
(Trinitrogen gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
223.066
9571.0
436000.0
–64.351
455186.0
[94SGTE]
Na (Sodium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 370.87
51.300
6460.0
0.0
SGTE
0.000
0.0 2597.0
7.002
type
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
a
None (T < 40 K)
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
b
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
11
22.989770(2)
0.97
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
71
Na (Sodium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
153.716
6197.0
107500.0
102.416
76964.7
Na2
(Disodium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
230.243
10403.0
142339.0
127.643
104282.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
72
1 Elements
[94TCRAS]
Nb (Niobium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 2750.00
36.270
5220.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 30000.0
SGTE phase designation
a
BCC_A2
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
41
92.90638(2)
8.35
Nb (Niobium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
186.269
8357.0
723137.0
149.999
678415.0
SGTE
10.909
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
73
[94SGTE]
Nd (Neodymium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1128.00 1289.00
71.086
7133.7
0.0
0.000
0.0 3029.2 7142.1
SGTE phase designation
a b
! ! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
DHCP
A3' / a-La
hP4
P63/mmc
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
60
144.24(3)
7.0
Nd (Neodymium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
189.408
6269.0
327129.0
118.322
291851.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2.685 5.541
type
SGTE
74
1 Elements
Ne (Neon gas)
[85JANAF]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
146.328
6196.5
0.0
0.000
0.0
a
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
None (T < 24.563 K)
... / a-N
cP8
Pa3
None (T < 27.10 K)
(liquid)
---
---
GAS
(gas)
---
---
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
10
20.1797(6)
...
[95SGTE]
Ni (Nickel)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1728.30
29.796
4787.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 17479.8
SGTE phase designation
a
SGTE
FCC_A1
10.114
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
28
58.6934
8.9
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
75
Ni (Nickel gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
182.191
6825.0
424000.0
152.395
378563.0
Ni2
(Dinickel gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
251.897
10524.0
647874.0
192.305
590538.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
76
1 Elements
[94SGTE]
Np (Neptunium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 555.02 855.95 917.00
50.459
6606.5
0.0
0.000
! !
! Liquid
0.0 4699.9 3000.1 3198.6
a b g
8.468 3.505 3.488
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
ORT_Ac
Ac / a-Np
oP8
Pnma
TET_Ad
Ad / b-Np
tP4
P4212
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
93
[237]
20.4
Np (Neptunium gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
197.717
6198.0
465000.0
147.258
421095.0
SGTE
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
77
O (Oxygen gas)
[85JANAF]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
161.060
6723.7
249173.9
58.486
231736.0
O2
(Dioxygen gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
205.147
8680.0
0.0
0.000
0.0
a b g
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
None (T < 23.867 K)
... / a-O
mC4
C2m
(T < 43.801 K)
... / b-O
hR2
R3 m
(T < 54.361 K)
... / g-O
cP16
Pm3 n
(T < 90.18 K)
(liquid)
---
---
GAS
(gas)
---
---
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
8
15.9994(3)
...
SGTE
78
O3
1 Elements
(Trioxygen gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
239.005
10366.0
141800.0
–68.715
162288.0
[94SGTE]
Os (Osmium)
T
S
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 3306.00
32.635
0.0
0.000
0.0 57855.0
a b g d
SGTE
17.500
type
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
None (T < 24.8 K)
... / a-O
mC4
C2m
(T < 43.7 K)
... / b-O
hR2
R3 m
(T < 54.2 K)
... / g-O
cP16
Pm3 n
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
76
190.23(3)
22.4
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
79
Os (Osmium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
192.575
6197.0
788000.0
159.940
740314.0
P<White> (Phosphorus white)
[94SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 317.30
41.090
5360.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 659.0
SGTE phase designation
a
WHITE
2.077
StrukturBericht / Prototype ... / P(white)
type
! Liquid
Pearson symbol
Space group
I432, Im3m or I43m Note: The white form is chosen as the reference phase for all phosphides because the more stable red form is difficult to characterise.
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
cI*
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
15
30.973761(2)
1.82
SGTE
80
1 Elements
P (Phosphorus red)
[94SGTE]
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15 852.35
22.850
–17460.0
–18.240
–12021.7
trsH trsS
type
18545.0
! Liquid
P (Phosphorus gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
163.197
6197.0
316500.0
122.118
280090.0
SGTE
21.757
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
P2
81
(Diphosphorous gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
218.121
8904.0
144000.0
135.966
103462.0
P3
(Triphosphorous gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
263.523
12005.0
210000.0
140.291
168172.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
82
P4
1 Elements
(Tetraphosphorous gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
279.877
14108.0
58900.0
115.569
24443.2
[76Oet]
Pa (Protactinium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1443.10 1844.78
51.882
6439.2
0.0
0.000
0.0 6639.8 12341.2
a b
SGTE
4.601 6.690
type
! ! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
BCT_Aa
Aa / a-Pa
tI2
I4/mmm
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
91
231.03588(2)
15.4
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
83
Pa (Protactinium gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
198.046
6353.0
663000.0
146.164
619421.0
[85JANAF]
Pb (Lead)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 600.61
64.800
6870.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 4773.9
SGTE phase designation
a
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
FCC_A1
7.948
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
82
207.2(1)
11.4
SGTE
84
1 Elements
Pb (Lead gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
175.374
6197.0
195200.0
110.574
162232.0
Pb2
(Dilead gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
277.666
10559.0
305564.0
148.066
261418.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
85
[94SGTE]
Pd (Palladium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1828.00
37.823
5468.5
0.0
0.000
0.0 16736.0
SGTE phase designation
a
FCC_A1
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
46
106.42(1)
12.0
Pd (Palladium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
176.198
6197.0
376000.0
138.375
334743.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
9.155
type
SGTE
86
1 Elements
[94TCRAS]
Pm (Promethium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1163.00 1315.00
72.000
7300.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 3200.0 7700.0
SGTE phase designation
a b
! ! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
DHCP
A3' / a-La
hP4
P63/mmc
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
61
[145]
6.48
Pm (Promethium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
186.938
6463.0
259163.0
114.938
224894.0
SGTE
2.752 5.856
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
87
[96TCRAS]
Po (Polonium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 527.00
62.000
6700.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 10000.0
a b
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
CUB_Ah
Ah / a-Po
cP1
Pm3 m
RHO_Ai
Ai / b-Po
hR1
R3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
84
[209]
9.4
Po (Polonium gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
188.922
6197.0
182017.0
126.922
144175.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
18.975
type
SGTE
88
Po2
1 Elements
(Dipolonium gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
275.053
10360.0
180000.0
151.053
134964.0
[73Hul]
Pr (Praseodymium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1068.00 1204.00
73.931
7418.2
0.0
0.000
0.0 3167.3 6886.9
SGTE phase designation
a b
SGTE
2.966 5.720
type
! ! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
DHCP
A3' / a-La
hP4
P63/mmc
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
59
140.90765(2)
6.77
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
89
Pr (Praseodymium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
189.809
6223.0
355813.0
115.878
321264.0
[94SGTE]
Pt (Platinum)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 2041.50
41.631
5723.7
0.0
0.000
0.0 22175.0
SGTE phase designation
a
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
FCC_A1
10.862
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
78
195.078(2)
21.4
SGTE
90
1 Elements
Pt (Platinum gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
192.407
6577.0
565000.0
150.776
520046.0
[76Oet]
Pu (Plutonium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 397.61 487.90 593.06 736.40 755.67 913.00
54.461
6902.3
0.0
0.000
0.0 3706.0 478.0 713.0 83.3 1841.0 2824.0
a b g d d' e
SGTE
9.321 0.980 1.202 0.113 2.436 3.093
type
! !
! ! ’ ’! ! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A_MON_Pu
... / a-Pu
mP16
P21/m
B_MON_Pu
... / b-Pu
mC34
I2/m, C2/m Fddd Fm3 m
G_ORT_Pu
... / g-Pu
oF8
FCC_A1
A1 / Cu
cF4
TET_A6
A6 / In
tI2
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
I4/mmm Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
94
[244]
19.8
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
91
Pu (Plutonium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
177.164
6199.0
348000.0
122.703
311416.0
[96TCRAS]
Ra (Radium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 969.00
69.000
7200.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 7700.0
SGTE phase designation
a
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
BCC_A2
7.946
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
88
[226]
...
SGTE
92
1 Elements
Ra (Radium gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
176.459
6197.0
160000.0
107.459
127961.0
[94SGTE]
Rb (Rubidium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 312.47
76.776
7489.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 2192.4
SGTE phase designation
a
SGTE
BCC_A2
7.016
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
37
85.4678(3)
1.53
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
93
Rb (Rubidium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
170.093
6197.0
80900.0
93.317
53077.5
Rb2
(Dirubidium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
270.994
10922.0
113558.0
117.442
78542.7
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
94
1 Elements
[96SGTE]
Re (Rhenium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 3458.00
36.482
5333.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 34075.0
a
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
75
186.207(1)
21.0
Re (Rhenium gas)
[73Hul]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
188.933
6196.5
774876.8
152.451
729424.0
SGTE
9.854
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
95
[94SGTE]
Rh (Rhodium)
T
S
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 2237.00
31.556
0.0
0.000
0.0 26593.5
11.888
SGTE phase designation
a
FCC_A1
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
45
102.90550(2)
12.4
Rh (Rhodium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
185.825
6207.0
555000.0
154.269
509005.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
type
SGTE
96
1 Elements
Rn (Radon gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
176.234
6197.0
0.0
0.000
0.0
a
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
None (T < 202 K)
...
...
...
None (T < 211 K)
(liquid)
---
---
GAS
(gas)
---
---
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
86
[222]
...
[94SGTE]
Ru (Ruthenium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 2607.00
28.614
4602.4
0.0
0.000
0.0 38589.0
a
SGTE
14.802
type
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
44
101.07(2)
12.2
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
97
Ru (Ruthenium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
186.507
6235.0
652000.0
157.893
604924.0
[97TCRAS]
S (Sulphur)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 368.30 388.36
32.070
4412.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 401.0 1721.0
a b
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1.089 4.431
type
! ! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
ORT_A16
A16 / a-S
oF128
Fddd
mP64
P21/c
BETA_ MON_S
... / b-S
Space group
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
16
32.066(6)
2.07
SGTE
98
1 Elements
S (Sulphur gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
167.827
6657.0
277180.0
135.757
236704.0
S2
(Disulphur gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
228.164
9132.0
128600.0
164.024
79696.2
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
S3
99
(Trisulphur gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
276.289
11974.0
144738.0
180.079
91047.4
S4
(Tetrasulphur gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
293.557
14280.0
135632.0
165.277
86354.7
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
100
S5
1 Elements
(Pentasulphur gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
354.078
19053.0
132993.0
193.728
75233.0
S6
(Hexasulphur gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
357.804
22787.0
101315.0
165.384
52005.8
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
S7
101
(Heptasulphur gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
404.846
26274.0
111890.0
180.356
58116.9
S8
(Octasulphur gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
432.536
31573.0
101277.0
175.976
48809.8
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
102
1 Elements
[73Hul]
Sb (Antimony)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 903.78
45.522
5870.2
0.0
0.000
0.0 19874.0
SGTE phase designation
a
RHO_A7
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A7 / As
hR2
R3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
51
121.760(1)
6.68
Sb (Antimony gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
180.269
6197.0
267175.0
134.747
227000.0
SGTE
21.990
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
Sb2
103
(Diantimony gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
256.826
9900.0
237356.0
165.782
187928.0
Sb3
(Triantimony gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
344.189
15274.0
294808.0
207.623
232905.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
104
Sb4
1 Elements
(Tetraantimony gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
363.270
19698.0
218410.0
181.182
164391.0
[73Hul]
Sc (Scandium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1608.00 1814.00
34.644
5217.4
0.0
0.000
0.0 4008.3 14095.9
a b
SGTE
2.493 7.771
type
! ! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
21
44.955910(8)
3.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
105
Sc (Scandium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
174.785
7002.0
377700.0
140.141
335917.0
[73Hul]
Se (Selenium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 494.00
41.966
5514.5
0.0
0.000
0.0 6694.4
SGTE phase designation
a
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
HEX_A8
13.551
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A8 / Se
hP3
P3121
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
34
78.96(3)
4.8
SGTE
106
1 Elements
Se (Selenium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
176.727
6198.0
237589.0
134.761
197410.0
Se2
(Diselenium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
247.388
10419.0
144140.0
163.456
95405.6
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
Se3
107
(Triselenium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
311.574
13439.0
177912.0
185.676
122553.0
Se4
(Tetraselenium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
344.525
17729.0
165693.0
176.661
113022.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
108
Se5
1 Elements
(Pentaselenium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
416.549
24174.0
156629.0
206.719
94995.7
Se6
(Hexaselenium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
436.805
29058.0
138004.0
185.009
82843.6
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
Se7
109
(Heptaselenium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
493.770
34059.0
148496.0
200.008
88863.6
Se8
(Octaselenium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
532.959
39755.0
157683.0
197.231
98878.6
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
110
1 Elements
[85JANAF]
Si (Silicon)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1687.00
18.810
3217.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 50208.0
SGTE phase designation
a
DIA_A4
StrukturBericht / Prototype A4 / C(diamond)
! Liquid
Pearson symbol
Space group
cF8
Fd 3 m
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
14
28.0855(3)
2.33
Si (Silicon gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
167.979
7550.0
450000.0
149.169
405525.0
SGTE
29.762
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
Si2
111
(Disilicon gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
238.004
10296.0
583862.0
200.384
524118.0
Si3
(Trisilicon gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
279.180
12520.0
627869.0
222.750
561456.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
112
1 Elements
[73Hul]
Sm (Samarium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1190.00 1345.00
69.496
7573.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 3112.9 8619.0
a b g
!
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
RHO_C19
C19 / a-Sm
hR3
R3 m
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Space group
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
62
150.36(3)
7.54
Sm (Samarium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
183.047
8171.0
205597.0
113.551
171742.0
SGTE
2.616 6.408
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
113
[94TCRAS]
Sn (Tin)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 505.08
51.180
6323.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 7194.0
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
! Liquid
Pearson symbol
Space group
a
DIA_A4
A4 / C(diamond)
cF8
Fd 3 m
b
BCT_A5
A5 / b-Sn
tI4
I41/amd
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
50
118.710(7)
7.3
Sn (Tin gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
168.490
6215.0
301200.0
117.310
266224.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
14.243
type
SGTE
114
Sn2
1 Elements
(Ditin gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
267.310
11373.0
425343.0
164.950
376163.0
[85JANAF]
Sr (Strontium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 820.00 1050.00
55.694
6568.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 836.8 7431.0
SGTE phase designation
a b
SGTE
1.020 7.077
type
! ! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
FCC_A1
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
38
87.62(1)
2.6
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
115
Sr (Strontium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
164.640
6197.0
160500.0
108.946
128018.0
T (Tritium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
128.385
6197.0
223371.0
51.722
207950.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
116
T2
1 Elements
(Ditritium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
153.327
8609.0
0.0
0.000
0.0
[85JANAF]
Ta (Tantalum)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 3290.00
41.472
5681.9
0.0
0.000
0.0 36568.2
SGTE phase designation
a
SGTE
BCC_A2
11.115
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
73
180.9479(1)
16.6
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
117
Ta (Tantalum gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
185.219
6200.0
782520.0
143.747
739662.0
[73Hul]
Tb (Terbium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1562.00 1632.00
32.070
9426.6
0.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
0.000
0.0 4380.6 10150.4
2.804 6.220
type
! ! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
a'
None (T < 220 K)
... / a'-Dy
oC4
Cmcm
a b
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
65
158.92534(2)
8.27
SGTE
118
1 Elements
Tb (Terbium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
202.095
7456.0
386056.0
170.025
335363.0
[94SGTE]
Tc (Technetium)
T
S
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 2430.01
32.985
0.0
0.000
0.0 33291.2
a
SGTE
13.700
type
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
43
[98]
11.5
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
119
Tc (Technetium gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
181.049
6198.0
635000.0
148.064
590855.0
[96SGTE]
Te (Tellurium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 722.66
49.221
6080.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 17376.0
SGTE phase designation
a
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
HEX_A8
24.045
type
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A8 / Se
hP3
P3121
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
52
127.60(3)
6.24
SGTE
120
1 Elements
Te (Tellurium gas)
[96SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
182.707
6197.0
209451.0
133.486
169652.0
Te2
(Ditellurium gas)
[96SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
258.944
9977.0
163176.0
160.502
115322.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
Te3
121
(Tritellurium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
335.942
14526.0
203223.0
188.279
147088.0
Te4
(Tetratellurium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
379.093
19726.0
217322.0
182.209
162996.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
122
Te5
1 Elements
(Pentatellurium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
462.011
26532.0
220027.0
215.906
155655.0
Te6
(Hexatellurium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
491.477
32167.0
226561.0
196.151
168079.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
Te7
123
(Heptatellurium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
558.072
37943.0
254236.0
213.525
190574.0
[94SGTE]
Th (Thorium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1633.20 2022.99
51.800
6350.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 3597.0 13807.2
SGTE phase designation
a b
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2.202 6.825
type
! ! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
FCC_A1
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
90
232.0381(1)
11.7
SGTE
124
1 Elements
Th (Thorium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
190.168
6197.0
602000.0
138.368
560746.0
[94SGTE]
Ti (Titanium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1155.00 1941.00
30.720
4824.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 4170.0 14146.0
a b
SGTE
3.610 7.288
type
! ! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
22
47.867(1)
4.5
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
125
Ti (Titanium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
180.301
7539.0
473715.0
149.581
429117.0
Ti2
(Dititanium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
250.790
9672.0
817024.0
189.350
760569.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
126
1 Elements
[94SGTE]
Tl (Thallium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 507.00 577.00
64.300
6832.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 359.8 4142.2
a b
! ! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
81
204.3833(2)
11.85
Tl (Thallium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
180.965
6197.0
181000.0
116.665
146216.0
SGTE
0.710 7.179
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
127
[73Hul]
Tm (Thullium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1818.00
74.015
7397.3
0.0
0.000
0.0 16840.6
a
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
69
168.93421(2)
9.33
Tm (Thullium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
190.117
6197.0
232759.0
116.102
198143.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
9.263
type
SGTE
128
1 Elements
[94SGTE]
U (Uranium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 942.00 1049.00 1408.00
50.200
6364.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 2790.7 4757.2 9142.0
a b g
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
ORT_A20
A20 / a-U
! !
! Liquid
Pearson symbol
Space group
oC4
TET_Ab
Ab / b-U
tP30
Cmcm P 4n 2
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
92
238.0289(1)
18.9
U (Uranium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
199.787
6499.0
535000.0
149.587
490401.0
SGTE
2.963 4.535 6.493
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
129
[94SGTE]
V (Vanadium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 2183.00
30.890
4507.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 21500.0
SGTE phase designation
a
BCC_A2
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
23
50.9415(1)
5.8
V (Vanadium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
182.298
7907.0
517327.0
151.408
472185.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
9.849
type
SGTE
130
1 Elements
[95SGTE]
W (Tungsten)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 3695.00
32.618
4970.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 52313.7
SGTE phase designation
a
BCC_A2
! Liquid
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
74
183.84(1)
19.3
W (Tungsten gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
173.955
6216.0
851246.0
141.337
809106.0
SGTE
14.158
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
131
Xe (Xenon gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G
298.15
169.575
6197.0
0.0
0.000
0.0
a
Xe2
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
None (T < 161.391 K)
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
None (T < 165.03 K)
(liquid)
---
---
GAS
(gas)
---
---
Atomic number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
54
131.29(2)
...
(Dixenon gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
276.631
8302.0
–6312.0
–62.737
12393.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
SGTE
132
1 Elements
[96SGTE]
Y (Yttrium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1751.15 1795.15
44.788
5983.5
0.0
0.000
0.0 4886.2 11394.2
a b
! ! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
39
88.90585(2)
4.5
Y (Yttrium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
179.473
6857.0
423800.0
134.685
383644.0
SGTE
2.790 6.347
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
133
[73Hul]
Yb (Ytterbium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 553.00 1033.00 1097.00
59.831
6711.1
0.0
0.000
0.0 0.0 1748.9 7656.7
a b g
! !
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
None (T < 270 K)
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
FCC_A1
A1 / Cu
cF4
Fm3 m
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
70
173.04(3)
6.98
Yb (Ytterbium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
173.127
6197.0
152486.0
113.296
118707.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
0.000 1.693 6.980
type
SGTE
134
1 Elements
[73Hul]
Zn (Zinc)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 692.68
41.631
5657.0
0.0
0.000
0.0 7322.0
a
! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
30
65.39(2)
7.14
Zn (Zinc gas)
[96TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
160.988
6197.0
130400.0
119.357
94813.7
SGTE
10.571
type
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
1 Elements
135
[95SGTE]
Zr (Zirconium)
T
S
- H H298 0
f H f S f G trsH trsS
298.15 1139.45 2127.85
39.181
5566.3
0.0
0.000
0.0 4103.3 20997.8
a b
! ! Liquid
SGTE phase designation
StrukturBericht / Prototype
Pearson symbol
Space group
HCP_A3
A3 / Mg
hP2
P63/mmc
BCC_A2
A2 / W
cI2
Im3 m
Atomic Number
Atomic weight
Density at 298.15 K / 103 kg m-3
40
91.224(2)
6.49
Zr (Zirconium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
181.342
6816.0
599293.0
142.161
556908.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
3.601 9.868
type
SGTE
136
Zr2
1 Elements
(Dizirconium gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 0
f H
f S
f G
298.15
264.292
9515.0
904469.0
185.930
849034.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
137
[94SGTE]
AgBr (Silver Bromide)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15 703.00
107.110
–100416.0
–11.546
–96973.6
AgBr (Silver Bromide gas)
type
9163.0
S
13.034
!
L
[93THDA]
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
256.982
96490.2
138.326
55248.3
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
trsH trsS
SGTE
138
2 Compounds
[73Bar]
AgBrO3 (Silver Bromate)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
153.971
–263592.0
–272.406
–182374.0
[93THDA]
AgCN (Silver Cyanide)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
107.190
145996.0
–36.909
157000.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
139
[94SGTE]
AgCl (Silver Chloride)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15 728.15
96.232
12033.2
–57.859
–109818.0
–127068.1
AgCl (Silver Chloride gas)
type
13054.1
S
17.928
!
L
[93THDA]
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
246.129
92550.1
92.038
65108.8
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
trsH trsS
SGTE
140
2 Compounds
[93THDA]
AgClO3 (Silver Chlorate)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
141.838
–30292.0
–319.973
65108.0
AgD (Silver Deuteride)
[95SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
210.626
8714.4
95.596
251498.0
SGTE
280000.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
[93THDA]
AgF (Silver Fluoride)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
83.680
–202924.0
–60.265
–184956.0
AgF (Silver Fluoride gas)
[93THDA]
T
S
f H f S
f G
298.15
235.752
7112.8
–20259.3
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
141
91.807
SGTE
142
2 Compounds
AgH (Silver Hydride gas)
[95SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
204.729
8665.9
96.838
250128.0
279000.0
[73Bar]
AgI (Silver Iodide)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15 420.15 831.00
115.478
–61923.2
14.858
–66353.0
SGTE
trsH trsS
type
6150.5 9414.0
S S
14.639 11.329
! !
S L
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
143
AgI (Silver Iodide gas)
[94SGTE]
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
264.192
140000.0
163.571
91231.2
[93THDA]
AgNO3 (Silver Nitrate)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15 433.00 483.00
141.001
–120499.2
–305.076
–29540.8
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
trsH trsS
type
5799.0 11715.2
S S
13.393 24.255
! !
S L
SGTE
144
2 Compounds
AgO (Monosilver Oxide gas)
[98SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
245.720
–9863.0
100.502
279316.0
300600.0
[73Bar]
AgP2 (Silver Diphosphide)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
87.864
–44768.8
–36.841
–33784.6
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
[73Bar]
AgP3 (Silver Triphosphide)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
105.437
–69036.0
–60.345
–51044.1
AgS (Monosilver Sulphide gas)
[74Mil]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
261.358
9732.0
186.737
337620.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
145
393296.0
SGTE
146
2 Compounds
AgSe (Monosilver Selenide gas)
[93THDA]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
263.199
10024.9
178.682
259313.0
312586.6
AgTe (Monosilver Telluride gas)
[94Dro]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
271.246
10180.0
179.474
175527.0
SGTE
229037.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
[73Bar]
Ag2 CO3 (Silver Carbonate)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
167.360
–505427.2
–231.205
–436494.0
[73Bar]
Ag2 CrO4 (Silver Chromate)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
217.568
–721321.6
–301.371
–631468.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
147
SGTE
148
2 Compounds
[94TCRAS]
Ag2 O (Silver Oxide)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15 1100.00
121.000
14218.0
–66.675
–11250.7
–31130.0
trsH trsS
type
15000.0
S
13.636
L
[73Bar]
Ag2 SO4 (Silver Sulphate)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15 703.15 933.15
200.414
–715464.0
–327.052
–617953.0
SGTE
!
trsH trsS
type
15690.0 17991.2
S S
22.314 19.280
! !
S L
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
149
[73Bar]
Ag2 WO4 (Silver Tungstate)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
205.016
–924664.0
–322.998
–828362.0
[94TCRAS]
Ag2 S (Silver Sulphide)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15 451.30 865.00 1109.00
142.890
17132.0
25.718
–40457.8
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
–32790.0
trsH trsS
type
4063.0 784.0 7900.0
S S S
9.003 0.906 7.124
! ! !
S S L
SGTE
150
2 Compounds
Ag2 S (Silver Sulphide gas)
[93THDA]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
317.257
13890.9
200.085
331005.0
390660.1
[93THDA]
Ag2 Se (Silver Selenide)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15 406.00
150.164
18656.5
23.096
–50399.7
SGTE
–43513.6
trsH trsS
type
7029.1
S
17.313
!
S
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
151
Ag2 Se (Silver Selenide gas)
[93THDA]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
329.181
14547.8
202.113
304752.0
365012.2
[93THDA]
Ag2 Te (Silver Telluride)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15 421.00 550.00
153.553
19288.2
19.230
–41715.8
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
–35982.4
trsH trsS
type
6598.2 0.0
S S
15.673 0.000
! !
S S
SGTE
152
2 Compounds
Ag2 Te (Silver Telluride gas)
[93THDA]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
339.474
14966.2
205.151
311168.0
372334.2
[73Bar]
AlAs (Aluminium Arsenide)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
60.250
–122591.2
–3.739
–121476.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
AlAs (Aluminium Arsenide gas)
[94SGTE]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
244.217
9193.1
180.228
362565.0
416300.0
[93THDA]
AlAsO4 (Aluminium Arsenate)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
145.603
–1431054.0
–369.683
–1223880.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
153
SGTE
154
2 Compounds
[73Bar]
AlB12 (Aluminium Dodecaboride)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
118.826
–200832.0
19.726
–206713.0
AlBO2 (Aluminium Borate)
[85JANAF]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
269.643
12008.1
30.296
–550442.0
SGTE
–541409.6
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
[73Bar]
AlB2 (Aluminium Diboride)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
34.727
–66944.0
–5.373
–65342.0
AlBr (Aluminium Monobromide gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
239.631
9571.0
135.226
–25992.6
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
155
14325.0
SGTE
156
2 Compounds
AlBr2 (Aluminium Dibromide gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
312.230
13398.0
131.720
–179934.0
–140662.0
[85JANAF]
AlBr3 (Aluminium Bromide)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15 370.60
180.247
21915.8
–76.368
–488348.0
SGTE
–511117.4
trsH trsS
type
11255.0
S
30.370
!
L
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
AlBr3
(Aluminium Bromide gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
348.020
17943.0
91.405
–437729.0
–410477.0
AlC (Monoaluminium Monocarbide gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
225.915
9058.0
191.873
625076.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
682283.0
157
SGTE
158
AlC2
2 Compounds
(Monoaluminium Dicarbide gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
252.936
12263.0
213.152
612072.0
675623.0
[93THDA]
CeAlO3 (Cerium Aluminate)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
109.621
–1766484.8
–295.853
–1678280.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
159
AlCl (Aluminium Monochloride gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
227.958
9323.0
41.482
–448778.0
–51007.0
AlFCl (Aluminium Monofluoride Monochloride gas)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
282.716
12133.0
–28.330
–546798.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
–436410.0
[94TCRAS]
SGTE
160
2 Compounds
AlClFH (Aluminium Chloride Fluoride Hydride gas)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
278.244
12532.0
–44.500
–985860.0
–555245.0
AlClF2 (Aluminium Monochloride Difluoride gas)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
298.129
14827.0
88.118
–77279.5
SGTE
–999128.0
[94TCRAS]
[94TCRAS]
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
161
AlClH (Aluminium Monochloride Monohydride gas)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
257.232
10886.0
52.053
–4997.5
10522.0
AlCl(OH) (Aluminium Chloride Hydroxide gas)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
294.381
13919.0
–13.372
–369798.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
–373785.0
[94TCRAS]
[94TCRAS]
SGTE
162
2 Compounds
AlClH2 (Aluminium Monochloride Dihydride gas)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
251.095
11253.0
–19.424
–100554.0
–106345.0
AlCl(OH)2 (Aluminium Chloride Dihydroxide gas)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
316.299
17222.0
–159.367
–811541.0
SGTE
–859056.0
[94TCRAS]
[94TCRAS]
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
[85JANAF]
AlOCl (Aluminium Chloride Oxide)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
54.392
–793286.4
–188.021
–737228.0
AlOCl (Aluminium Chloride Oxide gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S f G
298.15
252.372
11906.0
9.959
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
–301564.0
163
–304533.0
SGTE
164
AlCl2
2 Compounds
(Aluminium Dichloride gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
290.369
12847.0
–41.396
–779053.0
–240874.0
AlCl2 F (Aluminium Dichloride Monofluoride gas)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
311.377
15738.0
38.990
–252499.0
SGTE
–791395.0
[94TCRAS]
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
165
AlCl2 H (Aluminium Dichloride Hydride gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
288.756
13676.0
–27.963
–342942.0
–351279.0
AlCl2 (OH) (Aluminium Dichloride Hydroxide gas)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
325.068
17150.0
–94.225
–697052.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
–725145.0
[94TCRAS]
SGTE
166
2 Compounds
AlOCl2 (Aluminium Dichloride Oxide gas)
[94TCRAS]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
316.887
15752.0
–37.065
–391258.0
–402309.0
[93THDA]
AlCl3 (Aluminium Chloride)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15 465.70
109.286
16978.7
–253.632
–630011.0
SGTE
–705631.6
trsH trsS
type
35354.8
S
75.918
!
L
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
AlCl3
167
(Aluminium Chloride gas)
[85JANAF]
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
314.403
16564.5
–48.515
–570040.0
–584504.8
AlCl3 6H2O (Aluminium Chloride—Water (1/6))
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
318.110
–2693240.8
–1444.330
–2262610.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
[73Bar]
SGTE
168
2 Compounds
[93THDA]
KAlCl4 (Potassium Tetrachloroaluminate)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
196.648
–1196624.0
–342.490
–1094510.0
[93THDA]
NaAlCl4 (Sodium Tetrachloroaluminate)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
188.280
–1142232.0
–337.478
–1041610.0
SGTE
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
169
[93THDA]
K3 AlCl6 (Tripotassium Hexachloroaluminate)
T
S
f H
f S
f G
298.15
376.560
–2092000.0
–515.017
–1938450.0
[85JANAF]
Na3 AlCl6 (Trisodium Hexachloroaluminate)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
347.272
0.0
–504.165
–1828720.0
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
–1979000.0
SGTE
170
2 Compounds
AlCuS (Aluminium Copper Monosulphide gas)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
292.487
12727.7
198.967
223182.0
282503.7
AlCuS2 (Aluminium Copper Disulphide gas)
T
S
- H H298 f H 0
f S
f G
298.15
309.558
17154.4
183.968
110334.0
SGTE
165184.3
[93THDA]
[93THDA]
Landolt-B¨ornstein New Series IV/19A
2 Compounds
AlF (Aluminium Monofluoride gas)