ferguson
C areer Resource Guide to
Apprenticeship Programs Third Edition
Edited by
Elizabeth H. Oakes
Ferguson Career Resource Guide to Apprenticeship Programs, Third Edition Copyright © 2006 by Infobase Publishing All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact Ferguson An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ferguson career resource guide to apprenticeship programs / edited by Elizabeth H. Oakes.— 3rd ed. p. cm. Rev. ed. of: Ferguson's guide to apprenticeship programs. 2nd ed. 1998 Includes index. ISBN 0-8160-5573-4 (set) (hc : alk. paper) ISBN 0-8160-6203-X (vol. 1)— ISBN 0-8160-6204-8 (vol. 2) 1. Apprenticeship programs—United States—Directories. 2. Occupational training—United States—Directories. I. Oakes, Elizabeth H., 1964– II. Ferguson's Guide to apprenticeship programs. HD4885.U5F47 2006 331.25'92202573—dc22 Ferguson books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755. You can find Ferguson on the World Wide Web at http://www.fergpubco.com Text design by David Strelecky Cover design by Salvatore Luongo Printed in the United States of America VB FOF 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Contents Part I: Introduction and Overview
Electricians and Line Workers
249
Electronics Technicians
288
Preface
vii
Elevator Constructors
295
Introduction to Apprenticeship Programs
ix
Emergency Services Technicians
301
Engineers and Engineering Technicians
318
Farriers
322
Floor Layers
328
Funeral Directors and Embalmers
344
Glaziers and Glass Makers
356
Health Care Workers
365
Herbalists
389
Insulators and Asbestos Workers
401
Ironworkers
414
Laborers
424
part ii: essays
History of Apprenticeships in the United States
3
How Apprenticeships Work in Canada
5
Applying and Interviewing for an Apprenticeship
8
Volunteering as a Way to Further Your Career
14
Internships as a Way to Further Your Career
24
Workplace Etiquette
35
part iii: directory
Apprenticeships by Career Field
Agricultural Workers
43
Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians
81
Law Enforcement Officers, Corrections Officers, Private Investigators, Detectives, and Security Guards
434
Machinists and Tool Programmers
448
Masons
460
Mechanics
470
Medical Laboratory Technicians
483
Metalworkers
505
Midwives
518
Millwrights
529
Museum and Gallery Workers
537
Operating Engineers and Stationary Engineers
544
Painters and Paperhangers
575
Artists and Artisans
98
Auto Body Workers
113
Boilermakers
119
Book Arts Workers
130
Bricklayers
136
Business Workers
147
Carpenters
153
Childcare Workers and Child Educators
189
Communications Specialists
197
Cooks, Chefs, and Kitchen Workers
203
Cosmetologists and Barbers
218
Pile Drivers
585
Crafts and Trades Workers at Living Historical Sites and Farms
Pipe Trades Workers
590
227
Plasterers
634
Dispensing Opticians
234
Printing Industry Workers
640
Drywallers and Lathers
242
Railroad Workers
650
Roofers and Waterproofers
663
Sheet Metal Workers
675
Shipbuilding and Ship Maintenance Industry Workers
688
Social Activists and Human Services Workers
693
Theater Workers
703
Tile Setters
718
Tool, Die, Mold, and Pattern Makers
724
Truck Drivers
739
Welders
755
Apprenticeships by Eligibility Goodwill Industries
763
Job Corps
782
Job Training and Partnership Act (JTPA) Programs
795
Adult Workers
797
Disabled Workers
799
Dislocated Agricultural Workers
802
Dislocated Workers
803
Homeless Workers
807
Migrant Workers
809
Native American Workers
818
Older Workers
827
Veterans
833
Women
842
Youth
843
Schools, Job Centers, and Administrative Offices U.S. Offices of Apprenticeship Training, Employer, and Labor Services
847
Community Colleges, Vocational-Technical Centers, and Trade Schools
852
Job Centers and State Liaisons
862
Occupational Information Coordinating Committees (OICCs)
927
State Apprenticeship Councils
933
State Apprenticeship Web Sites
937
Part IV: Further Resources Glossary of U.S. Apprenticeship Terms
943
Glossary of Canadian Apprenticeship Terms
947
Career Resources on the Internet
951
Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT) List
955
Guide for Occupational Exploration (GOE) List
959
National Occupational Classification (NOC) List 961 Occupational Information Network (O*NET)Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) System List
965
PART I
INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW
PREFACE
A
bout 25 percent of students who graduate from high school in the United States go on to earn a bachelor’s degree from a college or university by the time they are 29 years old. The remaining 75 percent have various career options, including vocational school, community college, and participating in an apprenticeship program, where they can learn a trade and earn money at the same time. For those interested in this type of on-the-job training, the Ferguson Career Resource Guide to Apprenticeship Programs is designed to help you locate apprenticeship and on-the-job training programs, evaluate programs of interest, and successfully apply to and complete the program of your choice. Although a few of the programs listed in this book offer no pay during the training period, the overwhelming majority provide opportunities to “earn as you learn.” The book features more than 7,500 addresses for programs in 55 job categories and three eligibility categories, as well as comprehensive lists of the U.S. Department of Labor’s Office of Apprenticeship and Training, Employer, and Labor Services (OATELS) offices, under which the Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training Offices are located, and the provincial and national offices in charge of administering the apprenticeship system in Canada. You will also find state job centers, Job Training Partnership Act Programs, and Occupational Information Coordinating Committees. Programs at community colleges, vocational-technical centers, and trade schools are also listed. In an effort to make this directory as comprehensive as possible, we have contacted and verified information on more than 7,500 programs that we believe represent the scope of opportunities available to those who wish to study and work their way into a viable career. Program sponsors do not pay to be listed in this book because the editors wish to present a comprehensive, accurate, honest directory instead of functionally paid advertising. We have cited a variety of programs available to students in most parts of the United States and its territories and in Canada, but this is not a complete list of every apprenticeship and on-the-job training program in these countries.
The Department of Labor’s Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training publishes a list of hundreds of occupations that offer apprenticeships, and numerous individual training programs exist for each of those occupations. There are also thousands of on-the-job training opportunities nationwide. If you do not find what you’re looking for in this book, don’t despair. Contact your state’s OATELS office and your local job centers, community colleges, and vocational-technical schools. The Ferguson Career Resource Guide to Apprenticeship Programs is divided into four main parts, as follows. Part I, “Introduction and Overview,” contains this preface and the introduction. “Introduction to Apprenticeship Programs” defines apprenticeships and on-thejob training programs, including a description of how these programs operate and how job seekers can choose programs that fit their needs and abilities. It also explains how the directory is organized and gives a step-by-step guide to understanding the entries. It includes sample requests for applications and sample letters for inquiries about additional information from national and state sources. Part II, “Essays,” contains “History of Apprenticeships in the United States,” “How Apprenticeships Work in Canada,” and four other essays on topics concerning apprenticeships, internships, and volunteer work. Part III, “Directory,” contains several subsections. The first, “Apprenticeships by Career Field,” contains chapters on apprenticeship programs in 55 job categories. These programs are generally offered by organizations in private industry. Many are construction programs, the most common type of apprenticeship; they include training opportunities for carpenters, electricians, operating engineers, painters, shipbuilders, and welders. This section also lists many other occupations, such as book arts workers, child care workers and educators, farriers, law enforcement officers, private investigators, and security guards. Each of these chapters begins with a brief introduction explaining the common requirements for acceptance into a program, the job duties and working conditions, vii
viii Preface
what the trainee can expect to learn during the apprenticeship and upon completing it, and the job outlook for the career field. Each job category also contains a profile of an apprentice, journeyman, or master from a selected program in that category. Next in Part III is the section “Apprenticeships by Eligibility,” which contains programs available to applicants who meet certain eligibility requirements. It contains three chapters: “Goodwill Industries,” “Job Corps,” and “Job Training Partnership Act (JPTA) Programs.” These programs are geared towards young workers, older workers, women, military veterans, workers with disabilities, workers who have lost their jobs, homeless workers, migrant and seasonal farm workers, and Native Americans. Finally, the section “Schools, Job Centers, and Administrative Offices” contains a list of preparatory programs; job centers and vocational schools that administer apprenticeships and on-the-job training programs; and administrative offices of state, local, and federal job training programs. Part IV, “Further Resources,” contains two glossaries of terms, one for the United States and one for Canada; a list
of online career resources, a section on state apprenticeship Web sites for the United States, and lists of jobs coded to four government career-classification indexes: the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT) index, the Guide for Occupational Exploration (GOE) index, Canada’s National Occupational Classification (NOC) index, and the Occupational Information Network (O*NET)-Standard Occupational Classification System (SOC) index. The DOT, GOE, and O*NET-SOC indexes have been created by the U.S. government; the NOC index is Canada’s career classification system. Part IV also features two indexes to this directory, one by job title and one by state. It is our hope that this book will become a standard tool for anyone seeking an apprenticeship or on-the-job training program. We also hope that, as the number of apprenticeships and on-the-job training programs grows, more organizations sponsoring programs will request listings in the Ferguson Career Resource Guide to Apprenticeship Programs. We are pleased to provide the largest compilation of apprenticeship information in the country and hope your research is the first step to career training in the job of your choice.
INTRODUCTION TO APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
A
n apprenticeship program involves planned, day-byday training on the job and experience under proper supervision, combined with related technical instruction. Apprentices are members of a workforce as they train on the job and in the classroom. They are paid wages and work a regular workweek, following an apprenticeship agreement that defines the skills in which they are to be trained and the hours and wages for each training period. At the end of their apprenticeship, they receive certificates that represent their qualification to work within the field. Annually there are nearly 1.5 million registered apprentices in training in American industry. They work under the guidance of experienced craft workers in such skilled occupations as computer operator, operating engineer, machinist, bricklayer, tool and dye maker, electrician, drafter, ironworker, and many others. Management, labor, and government work together to promote apprenticeships and to develop sound standards for them. In many communities, joint management-labor apprenticeship committees conduct and supervise the local programs. Regional and state OATELS (Office of Apprenticeship Training, Employer, and Labor Services) offices promote and support apprenticeship training by distributing information on the nearly 800 occupations in the United States that offer apprenticeships.
ciations. Apprenticeships are available in many different occupations, including the traditional trades such as construction and printing, as well as in many other industries, such as health care, culinary arts, and public safety.
THE MODERN APPRENTICE PROGRAM Modern apprenticeship programs operate in much the same way as traditional apprenticeships. Unlike most onthe-job training programs, an apprenticeship is usually based on a formal agreement between the apprentice and the employer. Apprentices can be asked to sign a contract in which they agree to complete a certain amount of work in return for training. Apprentices who decide they do not want to finish the work may be able to pay the employer for the training and consider the contract finished. Most apprentices do complete their training and go on to work for years in the field they studied. Some jobs have a standardized training program that seldom varies from state to state; others are customized by individual trainers. Apprenticeship programs typically feature a combination of hands-on work experience and classroom learning. Some programs have a few hours of classroom training each week; others spend several weeks straight in the classroom every year. Most classes taken at community colleges and other schools can be applied toward a college degree. Training programs usually specify the order in which tasks will be learned. Trainees start with basic skills and move on to more specialized skills later. Some programs start all apprentices in a beginners’ section and allow them to choose a specialization after a couple of years of training. This introductory period allows the apprentice to become familiar with the field before making a final decision regarding a specialization. Other programs teach all specialties to all their apprentices; the trainees choose a specialty after they achieve journeyman status. Some occupations involve so many different skills that trainees must specialize from the start of the program. Levels of expertise are defined as follows:
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP A registered apprenticeship program is one that meets specific federally approved standards and is designed to safeguard the welfare of apprentices. These programs are registered with the Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training (BAT), U.S. Department of Labor, through the regional OATELS offices, or with one of 27 state apprenticeship agencies or councils (SAC) approved by OATELS. It is a relationship between an employer and employee during which the worker, or apprentice, learns an occupation in a structured program sponsored jointly by employers and labor unions or operated by employers and employer assoix
x Introduction to Apprenticeship Programs ■ ■ ■
Apprentice: a beginner learning a craft. Journeyman: a skilled worker who has completed an apprenticeship. Master craftsman: a worker who is an expert in the field.
is the right career choice for them. Sometimes preparatory study is mandatory, not optional. Program sponsors can offer advice regarding whether an applicant should enroll in preparatory studies. High schools and community colleges typically offer courses that will help their students prepare for apprenticeships.
EARN AS YOU LEARN Depending on the field, apprentices may either receive a salary, receive no salary, or be required to pay the trainer for the first part of the training. In fields where the trainer is unlikely to use a second person in the shop, there is usually no pay for training. These careers can include some musical instrument makers and repairers, artists and artisans, farriers, and occupations such as bladesmithing. In some programs the trainee pays for course work to gain basic experience before being considered apprenticeable. In addition, apprentices may be required to pay for their own tools, books for studies, transportation to job sites, and union dues. The vast majority of apprenticeships, however, pay a salary to beginning apprentices. Each program has its own wage schedule. Apprentices usually receive a raise about every six months, most commonly after they pass a periodic examination or demonstrate mastery of certain skills. Typically, raises are given incrementally until the apprentice reaches 95 percent of the rate paid to journeymen workers. Some unions have written rules regarding pay raises. Some programs also provide benefits such as health insurance, life insurance, disability pay, and paid vacations. Pay scales vary by geographic region and by occupational field. Also, similar individual programs may have slightly different wage rates. (The rates cited in this directory are provided for general information only.)
PREAPPRENTICESHIP TRAINING Some programs are open only to applicants who have certain educational and employment experience. Many require a background in geometry, trigonometry, physics, or some other mathematical or scientific subject. Examinations are sometimes required to prove proficiency in required subjects. Applicants who have not recently studied the appropriate topics may want to complete a refresher course before taking the examination. Some apprenticeship programs offer preparatory courses to help applicants study for entry examinations, learn basic concepts of the trade, and decide whether this
TRAINING CLOSE TO HOME OR FAR AWAY Some programs require that the applicant has lived in the town, parish, county, borough, region, or state for a specified length of time, usually one year. Others require that participants live in the region during the training period. Depending on the field, participants may need to travel to work sites and may be required to spend several weeks there, living in a hotel or dormitory if the sites are far from home. Many programs require participants to train at different locations throughout the year. Participants may also have to travel to community colleges to complete the classroom portion of their training. To comply with travel requirements, participants frequently need a reliable vehicle, a driver’s license, car insurance, and an acceptable driving record. Some careers, such as shipbuilding and theater work, are concentrated in a few regions of the United States; trainees from other parts of the country usually must relocate to learn these trades.
HOW APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS ARE SET UP Apprenticeships are structured to accommodate the industry and the needs of local employers. There are several basic organizational structures. In the United States, joint management programs are designed by groups of employers and union representatives from a geographic region. The committee decides what should be taught, where it will be taught, and how large the program will be. The program may be designed in keeping with a standardized pattern used nationally, or it may be customized to accommodate the region’s specific needs. These programs are known by various titles, including ■
JATC: Joint Apprenticeship Training Council (or Committee)
Introduction to Apprenticeship Programs xi ■ ■ ■
JAC: Joint Apprenticeship Council (or Committee) JAT: Joint Apprenticeship Training JAP: Joint Apprenticeship Program
Apprentices in these programs may work at various sites and for various employers during the training, or they may train at one site. Their future employers may be assigned at the beginning or end of the apprenticeship, depending on the individual program. Applications for joint apprenticeship training are usually accepted through local unions. Inquire there for details regarding program requirements and application procedures. Many JATCs listed in this directory also have local offices where applications are accepted, but applicants may be required to be interviewed at the JATC office. Local programs are organized to serve industries and companies that do not need large numbers of trainees. They may be structured as apprenticeships or on-the-job training. These programs are frequently managed through local vocational schools, community colleges, or worktraining organizations, which work closely with companies to provide customized training. Local programs differ from individual programs because they are developed and run with the help of local educational resources. Applications for these programs are accepted through the school or the sponsoring union or company. The union or company is usually the best source of information about these programs. Individual programs are sponsored by one company to accommodate its specific needs for new workers. These apprenticeships and on-the-job training programs vary widely and tend to hire irregularly, because they train workers for very specific jobs. Local offices of the Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training or of the Canadian Council of Directors of Apprenticeship are good sources of up-to-date information on individual programs. Applicants often learn of these programs through word of mouth. Locating such a program and being accepted into it may depend on timing and knowing people in the field, particularly if the program is affiliated with a professional guild. To increase the chance of learning about such programs, join a local association, attend meetings, and demonstrate an interest in the work. Many workers in the guild trades, such as instrument and jewelry making, consider their craft to be an art, not a job, and they tend to accept candidates who show a strong desire to learn the craft.
HOW AN APPRENTICESHIP WORKS Apprenticeships are based on contracts, which bind the trainer and the trainee to certain requirements. Contracts vary, but the fundamental elements are ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
■
length of work required of the trainee length of training required of the trainer wage schedule length of probationary period outline of the work training schedule for the trainee number of hours a year of classroom work the trainee will have to attend course work that will be covered payment, if any, for attending classes status of the trainee when the apprenticeship begins; some trainees are given credit for work and courses completed before the apprenticeship begins union requirements
When considering an apprenticeship program, candidates should discuss the following points with program advisers: ■
■
■ ■ ■ ■
■
If the company closes or reduces staffing, what parts of the apprenticeship contract will be honored? Will the company help place the apprentice with another company to complete the apprenticeship? Is there a minimum or maximum amount of time the trainee is allowed to continue as an apprentice? If a trainee works quickly, can the apprenticeship be accelerated? If the trainee experiences difficulty with part of the program, can the trainee repeat that part of the program? How is the status of apprentices reviewed? How often are performance reviews completed? Is the trainee guaranteed employment at the end of the apprenticeship? If employment is not guaranteed, does the company offer trainees assistance in finding a job? Are graduates of the apprenticeship program required to work for union shops? If so, for what length of time? What is the employment rate for journeymen in the region? Is the market for these jobs increasing or decreasing?
xii Introduction to Apprenticeship Programs
Many apprenticeship programs require a probationary period of about six months, during which the participant’s skills, interest, learning ability, and general attitude are evaluated. During this trial period, either the trainer or the trainee may terminate the apprenticeship without obligation. After the probationary period, quitting or firing the apprentice is more complicated.
LENGTH OF THE TRAINING PROGRAM The length of an apprenticeship or on-the-job training program is determined by the requirements of the trainer and the trainee’s beginning level of expertise. Training programs may run anywhere from one month to several years; most apprenticeships last about four years, while many on-the-job training programs are much shorter. A program’s director may or may not choose to honor previous work experience, educational courses already completed, or other related skills as part of the training. Credit for such experiences may cut a considerable amount of time, perhaps years, off the length of an apprenticeship.
tion; not all programs have the same requirements, and some programs change their requirements frequently. Most apprenticeship programs do not have a maximum age, but many require that applicants be at least 18 years old when the program begins. Some programs allow younger applicants to enter training if their parents approve. Upon completion of a registered apprenticeship program, an individual receives a certificate of completion. These are issued by the state apprenticeship agencies or, in those states not having such an agency, by the Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training in accordance with its recommended standards. The registered programs are administered by a joint apprenticeship committees, composed of representatives of management and labor, who work together to develop and administer local apprenticeship training programs. In addition to local groups, national trade committees represent national organizations. With the help of the Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training and the Canadian Council of Directors of Apprenticeship, the national committees formulate policies on apprenticeship in the various trades and issue basic standards to be used by affiliated organizations.
CHOOSING A PROGRAM Applicants should consider their options and choose programs that suit their individual needs and learning styles. When exploring your options in this directory, be sure to read the introductions at the beginning of each job category, in which the tasks and working conditions of various occupations are described. Also pay close attention to the apprenticeship profiles, where an actual apprentice, journeyman, or master in the field is interviewed. Think about the things you enjoy doing. Do you build model airplanes, cars, or houses? Do you like assembling or constructing things? Do you enjoy art classes, science projects, or analyzing the way movies are filmed? Each of these interests will give you some idea of the things you enjoy doing. If you enjoy doing them, you are probably talented in those areas. Look at the tasks listed for each trade. How many of these tasks are familiar to you? How many do you think you would enjoy? Once you find a field that looks appealing, check the requirements to see how well your skills match what most program sponsors in this field need in their apprentices. If you do not meet the requirements, figure out what you would need to do to meet them. For example, you might need to take classes to improve your command of basic mathematics or science. If you do not meet the requirements, you can still write to the sponsor for more informa-
BASIC STANDARDS FOR REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP Programs registered by the Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training must meet the following guidelines: ■ ■ ■
■
■ ■
■
The starting age of an apprentice is not less than 16. There is full and fair opportunity to apply for apprenticeship. There is a schedule of work processes in which an apprentice is to receive training and experience on the job. The program includes organized instruction designed to provide apprentices with knowledge and technical subjects related to their trade (a minimum of 144 hours per year is normally considered necessary). There is a progressively increasing schedule of wages. Proper supervision of on-the-job training with adequate facilities to train apprentices is insured. The apprentice’s progress, both in job performance and related instruction, is evaluated
Introduction to Apprenticeship Programs xiii
■ ■ ■
periodically and appropriate records are maintained. There is employee-employer cooperation. Successful completions are recognized. There is no discrimination in any phase of selection, employment, or training.
APPRENTICESHIP BENEFITS FOR YOUTH AND INDUSTRY For young persons just starting out in the world of work, apprenticeship has important advantages. It offers an efficient way to learn skills, as the training is planned and organized and is not hit-or-miss. The apprentices earn as they learn, for they are already workers. Upon completion of an apprenticeship one is assured of a secure future and a good standard of living because of training in skills that are in demand. Opportunities for employment and advancement open up with the recognition that the apprentices are now skilled craft workers. Industry benefits greatly as well. Out of apprenticeship programs come workers competent in all branches of their trades and able to work without close supervision because their training has enabled them to use imagination, ability, and knowledge in their work. When changes are made in production, these workers provide the versatility needed for quick adaptation of work components to suit changing needs. An adequate supply of skilled workers with these qualities is vital to industrial progress. One important way that apprenticeship-trained workers contribute to industry is in supervisory positions. Apprenticeship provides not only many supervisors on our production lines, but also many top-level officials in American business. A survey conducted by the Associated General Contractors of America showed that 90 percent of the top officials of construction companies who replied — presidents, vice presidents, owners, and partners — began their careers as apprentices. Many of the project managers, superintendents, and craft supervisors employed by those companies also began as apprentices. Another survey, conducted by a large manufacturer of electrical and automotive equipment, revealed that 40 percent of the 300 apprentice graduates still on the company’s payroll held important supervisory or executive positions.
APPRENTICESHIP PREPARATORY COURSES To attract more able young men and women to apprenticeships in the years when they are making career deci-
sions, apprenticeship preparatory courses are given in high schools and vocational and technical schools. These courses acquaint students with great opportunities in crafts and trades and give them some theoretical and technical instruction in specific fields.
APPRENTICESHIP PRE-JOB PROGRAMS Apprenticeship pre-job programs provide on-the-job training for 6 to 8 weeks. Their purpose is to introduce potential apprentices to specific skilled trades and to determine their suitability for the particular work involved. When students successfully complete the introductory period, they may continue with placement in regular apprenticeship training programs.
VETERANS IN APPRENTICESHIP For eligible veterans, apprenticeship offers special opportunities. When they enter approved apprenticeship programs, they may receive — in addition to their wages — a monthly training assistance allowance for up to three years under the Veteran’s Pension and Readjustment Assistance Act of 1967. The amount they may receive is determined by the period of training they are in and the number of dependents they have. In addition, some veterans will be already eligible for craft worker status when they are discharged, as the result of an agreement between the armed services and the Department of Labor. Under the plan, they will develop training programs in apprenticeable occupations, such as operation and repair of heavy equipment, with the help of labor and management representatives of that craft. Work experience in the craft will be counted toward the credits required for craft worker status. Those who fall short of the required credits at the time of discharge will receive counseling on how to meet the remaining requirements.
HOW TO USE THIS BOOK After the initial description of each trade in Part III, there are two types of addresses. The addresses of national headquarters for selected organizations are listed first. These offices provide general information about apprenticeship programs and jobs sponsored by these organizations and their local affiliates. Some national offices have a great deal of information about local apprenticeships; others can provide only general information about a particular career. Addresses of Web sites for apprenticeships in the
xiv Introduction to Apprenticeship Programs
career field, when available, are listed next. The Web sites may provide only general information about apprenticeships in the field or they may provide applications for applying to specific programs. Next are the profiles—of apprentices, journeymen, masters, and programs. You’ll hear from an apprentice ironworker in Salt Lake City, Utah, a master book conservator in Iowa City, Iowa, and a journeyman mechanic in Phoenix, Arizona, just to name a few. These profiles are a great way to learn about salary ranges from all parts of the country, tricks of the trade, and how to get accepted into the program of your choice. You’ll get an account of the apprentice (or journeyman or master) in action and get a feel for what it’s like to do the job five days a week, eight hours a day. Next comes the list of addresses for apprenticeship programs, organized alphabetically by program name. The program sponsors may be local, regional, or statewide. Remember that this directory does not include
every program available for every area; check with your state apprenticeship office for additional listings. Each listing includes the program name and address, as well as telephone and fax numbers and e-mail and Web addresses when available. If a listing does not include a telephone number, it is because the program sponsor prefers to be contacted by mail. The occupational fields listed are the areas in which apprenticeship training is available. Part III also lists organizations that refer eligible candidates for placement in apprenticeships and on-the-job training programs. Note that the programs listed here are available only to applicants who meet certain eligibility requirements. When writing to ask for information about those programs, be sure to mention your reasons for believing that you qualify. Part II contains essays about specific topics of interest to people looking for vocational training options. Part IV contains numerous other resources that may help you in your apprenticeship search.
PART II
ESSAYS
HISTORY OF APPRENTICESHIPS IN THE UNITED STATES
A
lthough the modern apprenticeship dates to the era following World War I, apprenticeships have been common in America ever since the colonial period, when they played a much greater role in training individuals for their occupations. Today apprenticeship plays a relatively small but still vital role in training workers for certain trades.
bined effort of various groups led in 1934 to the participation of the federal government in the national promotion of apprenticeship programs.
THE FITZGERALD ACT The Federal Committee on Apprenticeship, composed of representatives of government agencies, was appointed by the Secretary of Labor to serve as the national policyrecommending body on apprenticeship in the United States. It was to assume the responsibilities with respect to apprentices and their training under industrial codes formulated by the National Recovery Administration. This legislation was followed in 1937 by the Fitzgerald Act. The Fitzgerald Act established apprenticeship standards that specified the kinds and quantity of training to be provided, as well as the responsibilities of joint labormanagement apprenticeship committees. These standards were designed to curb the abuse of low-wage apprentices through inadequate training and advancement. At this time, the Federal Committee on Apprenticeship was reorganized and enlarged to include equal representation of employers and labor, plus a representative of the U.S. Office of Education. The Apprentice-Training Service, which became the current Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training, was established as the national administrative agency in the Department of Labor to carry out the objectives of the law, guided by the recommendations of the Federal Committee on Apprenticeship.
THE SMITH-HUGHES LAW The place of apprenticeship in American life has been largely determined by changes that took place during the first few decades of the 20th century. In 1917, a coalition of labor, business, and social services secured passage of the Smith-Hughes Law to provide federal aid for vocational education. Although the bill had broad support, it was the need for a larger supply of skilled laborers, as a result of America’s entry into World War I, that secured its passage into law. Prior to this law, industrialization had diminished the need for skilled workers, but the war shifted emphasis back toward the need for trained workers and to the benefits of organized labor, which established a stronger foothold at this time in industries such as shipbuilding. With the provisions set forth in the Smith-Hughes law, cities from Seattle to New York invited unions to join in formal training partnerships. Schools began to provide apprentice extension classes to those with prior work experience, which greatly favored workers who were already unionized. In this way organized labor was able to control entry into many of the trades, but especially the building trades, where they have remained to this day most effective. By the 1920s, the expansion of the factory sector of the economy was reducing the powerful union influence. Large companies such as General Electric had established their own nonunion apprenticeship programs for training new employees. Training across the board, in both union and nonunion environments, came almost to a standstill with the Great Depression in 1930s. Many industries soon began to experience a shortage of skilled labor. The com-
THE BUREAU OF APPRENTICESHIP AND TRAINING Since 1937, the Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training, which now falls under the direction of the Office of Apprenticeship Training, Employer, and Labor Services (OATELS), has worked closely with employer and labor groups, vocational schools, state apprenticeship agencies, and others concerned with apprenticeship programs in U.S. industry. It has field representatives in all 50 states. Its 3
4 History of Apprenticeships in the United States
functions are advisory and promotional. It does not itself conduct training programs. A major means for promoting apprenticeship is through a wide exchange of information on the advantages and methods of well-organized and well-run apprenticeship programs. The OATELS offices throughout the country disseminate this information widely through newspapers, industrial periodicals, discussions at annual conventions of employer associations and unions, and regional apprenticeship conferences. About 800 apprenticeable occupations—most of them in the construction, manufacturing, transportation, and service industries—are covered in registered programs. The apprenticeship system is always evolving to meet the changing needs of the country and its economy. To meet the need for changes in production methods and products, apprenticeships have been set up in new trades, and apprenticeships in many of the older trades have been updated. New fields, especially in health care, have spawned many new apprenticeship programs. Two occupations covered for the first time in this directory—medical laboratory technicians and dispensing opticians—are examples of how new technology and scientific developments affect the apprenticeship system. In addition to new occupations that require skilled workers, there have been significant changes in the makeup of our workforce. Increasing numbers of women in apprenticeships reflect our changing attitudes about whose
hands may do our skilled work. Women now hold nearly a million skilled trade jobs in the United States alone, and at least some women are working in every trade. Despite this, many women are not using formal apprenticeships to gain entry into their chosen trade. The majority of women in apprenticeships are still found in traditionally female occupations, such as cosmetology. The government has established outreach programs through the Department of Labor and in conjunction with various local and national organizations to broaden the horizons of women, guidance counselors, prospective employers, and apprenticeship councils in an effort to increase participation of women in apprenticeship programs for all trades. At the beginning of the 21st century, the apprenticeship system is poised to play an increasingly important role in training workers for many different industries. The country requires skilled workers in many different industries, who are able to carry out technical specifications and who can supervise less skilled members of the work force. Women in apprenticeship and in skilled craft jobs will become more numerous, and new opportunities will open up for minorities as nondiscrimination requirements are enforced. Apprenticeship has served in many periods of history and will likely continue to respond to the changing needs of our time and play a vital role in training workers for America’s jobs.
HOW APPRENTICESHIPS WORK IN CANADA
T
education, labor, and training (under the direction of the provincial or territorial director of apprenticeship) with authority delegated from the legislation in each province and territory. A list of these provincial offices is provided below. The program is supported by a network of advisory bodies, such as Apprenticeship and Certification Boards, Local Advisory Committees, and Provincial Advisory Committees. Industry-driven provincial and territorial apprenticeship training boards are major policy-making and governing bodies for apprenticeship training relating to recommendations of trade designation, curriculum requirements, and regulatory aspects of trades and occupations. Under the terms of the Canadian Constitution, each province and territory has the responsibilities for education and training, which includes apprenticeship. The legislation permits each jurisdiction to designate occupations for apprenticeship. Designated trades are governed by regulations under the Provincial and Territorial Apprenticeship Acts. These regulations outline the standards and conditions of training for specific trades (e.g. methods of registering apprentices, curriculum, accreditation, certification). The designation of a new trade can originate outside the provincial and territorial apprenticeship authorities. Employers, employer associations, or unions can petition their provincial or territorial director of apprenticeship to have an occupation designated. In Canada, under the Red Seal Program, apprenticeship is defined as an agreement between a person (an apprentice) who wants to learn a skill and an employer who needs a skilled worker. Apprenticeship is a proven industry-based learning system that combines on-the-job experience with technical training to produce a certified journeyperson. Upon completion of the specified training period, apprentices receive a Certificate of Qualification. On average, 85 percent of the apprentice’s two to five years
he Canadian Council of Directors of Apprenticeship (CCDA) is responsible for the management of the Interprovincial Standards ‘’Red Seal’’ Program among other things. The Red Seal Program is Canada’s way of ensuring that apprentices who receive training in one part of the country are eligible to work in all parts of the country. The Red Seal Program was established to provide greater mobility across Canada for skilled workers. Through the program, apprentices who have completed their training and certified journeypersons are able to obtain a “Red Seal” endorsement on their certificates of qualification and apprenticeship by successfully completing an Interprovincial Standards Examination. The CCDA works with industry in the development of a skilled labor force and promoting labor mobility throughout Canada. This is achieved by developing, implementing, and recognizing Red Seal occupations and credentials; promoting high standards in occupational training; fostering harmonization in training among jurisdictions; and increasing public awareness of apprenticeship training and certification. The Red Seal program encourages standardization of provincial and territorial apprenticeship training and certification programs. The “Red Seal” allows qualified tradespersons to practice the trade in any province or territory in Canada where the trade is designated without having to write further examinations. To date, there are 45 trades included in the Red Seal Program on a national basis. Legislation permits provinces and territories to designate trades and develop apprenticeship programs for their own requirements. Thus, over 300 apprenticeship programs are available across Canada. The Ellis Chart (See http://ellischart.ca/Welcome.html), a comparative chart of apprentice training programs across Canada, is produced in collaboration and consultation with the provinces and territories and provides training and certification details for all of these apprenticeable programs. Apprenticeship programs are generally administered by provincial and territorial departments responsible for 5
6 How Apprenticeships Work in Canada
of training is spent in the workplace; the rest is spent at a training institution. In 2005, Red Seal certification can be obtained in 45 trades (listed at the end of this article). First the individual must either graduate from a recognized provincial or territorial apprenticeship training program or obtain a journeyperson level certificate from a province or territory. The second step is then to pass the Interprovincial Examination in the designated trade. Upon successful completion of the exam, the individual will have a Red Seal affixed to his or her certificate of qualification. The Red Seal Program encourages common standards for trades in all the provinces and territories. It is designed to extend the benefits of training across all provinces and territories. It also alleviates barriers to labour mobility for workers in the skilled trades and reduces the risk of skill shortages by allowing qualified workers to seek work in other provinces/territories. For more information about the Red Seal Program, visit the following Web sites: ■ ■ ■
http://www.red-seal.ca/Site/index_e.htm http://www.tradesecrets.org http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/aet/apprent/ apprenticeshiptrades/redsealtrades.htm
The following offices are responsible for administering the Red Seal program and for overseeing other apprenticeship trades that are not yet part of the Red Seal program. They handle support and counseling services for apprentices and their employers as well as administrative and legislative services for apprenticeship programs throughout the province. Alberta Apprenticeship and Industry Training 7th Floor, Commerce Place 10155 - 102 Street Edmonton, AB T5J 4L5 780-427-8765 Fax: 780-422-2420 http://www.tradesecrets.org British Columbia Industry Training Authority 1223-13351 Commerce Parkway Richmond, BC V6V 2X7 888-664-2256 Fax: 604-660-7294 http://www.itabc.ca
Manitoba Apprenticeship Branch Advanced Education and Training 1010 - 401 York Avenue Winnipeg, MB R3C 0P8 204-945-3337 Fax: 204-948-2539 http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/aet/apprent/index.htm New Brunswick Apprenticeship & Occupational Development 470 York Street First Floor, Room 100, Chestnut Complex Fredericton, NB E3B 5H1 506-453-2260 Fax: 506-453-5317 http://www.aoc-acp.gnb.ca/home_eng.htm Newfoundland and Labrador Division of Institutional and Industrial Education Department of Education PO Box 8700, 4th Floor Confederation Building, West Block Prince Philip Drive St. John’s, NF A1B 4J6 709-729-2350 Fax: 709-729-3669 http://www.gov.nf.ca/edu/post/app.htm Northwest Territories Department of Education, Culture & Employment Programs Government of the Northwest Territories Box 1320 Yellowknife, NT X1A 2L9 867-873-7552 Fax: 867-873-0200 http://www.ece.gov.nt.ca Nova Scotia Apprenticeship Training and Skill Development Department of Education PO Box 578 Halifax, NS B3J 2S9 902-424-5651 Fax: 902-424-0488 http://www.apprenticeship.ednet.ns.ca Nunavut Adult Learning & Post Secondary Services Box 390
How Apprenticeships Work in Canada 7
Arviat, NT X0C 0E0 867-857-3050 Fax: 867-857-3090 http://www.gov.nu.ca/education/eng/index.htm Ontario Workplace Support Services Branch Ministry of Training, Colleges and Universities 17th Floor - Mowat Block 900 Bay Street Toronto, ON M7A 1L2 416-326-5605 Fax: 416-325-6162 http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/welcome.html Prince Edward Island Department of Education Continuing Education and Training PO Box 2000 Charlottetown, PE C1A 7N8 902-368-4460 Fax: 902-368-6144 http://www.apprenticeship.pe.ca Quebec Emploi-Québec Direction de l’apprentissage et du développement des compétences en milieu de travail 800, Tour de la Place Victoria, 27th Floor C.P. 100 Montréal, QC H4Z 1B7 514-864-2458 Fax: 514-873-2189 http://emploiquebec.net/anglais/index.htm
Saskatchewan Apprenticeship & Trade Certification Commission 2140 Hamilton Street Regina, SK S4P 3V7 306-787-2444 Fax: 306-787-5105 http://www.saskapprenticeship.ca Yukon Territories Department of Education Government of the Yukon Territory PO Box 2703 Whitehorse, YT Y1A 2C6 867-667-5298 Fax: 867-667-8555 http://www.education.gov.yk.ca
RED SEAL SECRETARIAT Human Resources and Skills Development Canada Red Seal Secretariat 140 Promenade du Portage Phase IV, 5th Floor Ottawa/Hull K1A 0J9 Fax: 819-994-0202 http://www.red-seal.ca
APPLYING AND INTERVIEWING FOR AN APPRENTICESHIP
T
he first step in applying to an apprenticeship program is deciding which ones fit your needs. Using the contact information in this book, you can easily contact several organizations at the same time to learn more about their requirements and the details of the programs they offer. Most organizations require a few weeks to respond. If you do not hear back within a month, follow up with another letter or a telephone call. Smaller organizations and state offices are more apt to reply if you send them a self-addressed, stamped envelope with your letter. It is acceptable to fold the reply envelope to fit it inside the outer envelope. (Sample letters for contacting several types of organizations are included in the next few pages.) With many formal apprenticeship programs, it is required that you apply in person, but it is always best to call or write the apprenticeship program office first to learn the best hours to visit, whether an interview should be scheduled, and what documents and other material you should bring. Some programs may encourage you to e-mail an application ahead of time; others may prefer that you fill out an application in their office. Remember that many of the national organizations offer training for more than one occupation. If you are interested in one field only, be specific in your request. If you want information on more than one job, list your interests in your letter. State and federal offices, such as the Office of Apprenticeship Training, Employer, and Labor Services (OATELS) , are available to help applicants find programs. It is important to contact state offices, even if you plan on applying directly to the programs listed in this book. These offices often provide candidates with test information and other assistance, and they frequently have information about unusual or hard-to-find training programs. If you plan to apply to programs in another state, contact that state’s apprenticeship and training offices because your home state is not likely to have information on training programs elsewhere. Depending on the way each office runs, state and federal agencies may
take your application and hold it until an apprenticeship sponsor contacts the agency for new applicants, give you information on current programs and have you apply directly to the program, or assist you during the application process for programs that interest you. It is usually best to contact state and federal offices by telephone first, to learn when the office is open and to see whether an appointment is necessary to talk with a guidance counselor. If the office is too far away to visit, write for information. Be sure to include the division of a government office in the address, since some state and federal agencies have more than one type of job training office. If your state has several branches of the same division, write only to the office nearest your home. Here are some questions to ask your government apprenticeship and training office: ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Can you help me find an apprenticeship or onthe-job training program? Do you submit my application, or do I send it in? Can I check the listings in your office for current training programs? Do you have any general information on the trade in which I am interested? Who else should I contact for more information about training programs in this area? How long will it take for me to find a program? When is the best time to apply? What documents do I need when I come to your office to fill out the application? Will I be expected to take any tests when I apply? What time may I come to your office?
SAMPLE LETTERS The following are some sample letters of inquiry that you can send to apprenticeship and training offices. If you copy these letters, be sure to eliminate all the text in 8
Applying and Interviewing for an Apprenticeship 9
brackets and substitute the appropriate information for your specific request. For instance, replace [Applicant’s name] with your own name. Use the following letter if requesting information from a national sponsor:
[Date] [Name] [National address] [National address] [National address] Dear Information Officer [or name]: I would like information on becoming a [name of job]. I am interested in participating in an apprenticeship or on-the-job training program in this field and would appreciate any information you have on your programs. Could you also send me information about the local programs in my state? Thank you for your assistance. Sincerely, [Applicant’s [Applicant’s [Applicant’s [Applicant’s
name] address] address] telephone number]
10 Applying and Interviewing for an Apprenticeship
Use the following letter if requesting information from a specific apprenticeship program:
[Date] Apprenticeship [or On-the-Job Training] Information Officer [Training program sponsor’s address] [Training program sponsor’s address] [Training program sponsor’s address] Dear Information Officer [or name]: I would like information on a job as a [name of job]. I am interested in participating in your apprenticeship [or on-the-job training] program. Could you send me information about the application process, the requirements, and the deadline? If you have an application that I should fill out, could you please include a copy as well? Please let me know what would be a good time for me to come in to interview. Thank you for your assistance, and I look forward to hearing from you soon. Sincerely, [Applicant’s [Applicant’s [Applicant’s [Applicant’s
name] address] address] telephone number]
Applying and Interviewing for an Apprenticeship 11
A letter requesting information from a government office of apprenticeship or training would look like the following:
[Date] Apprenticeship and On-the-Job Training Information Officer [Government address] [Government address] [Government address] Dear Information Officer: I would like information on a job as a [name of job]. I am interested in participating in an apprenticeship or on-the-job training program in this field, and I would appreciate any help you can provide. Could you send me information about any programs available, the application process, and the requirements? If you have an application that I should fill out, could you please include a copy as well? Thank you for your assistance. Sincerely,
[Applicant’s [Applicant’s [Applicant’s [Applicant’s
name] address] address] telephone number]
12 Applying and Interviewing for an Apprenticeship
THE APPLICATION Most applications have four basic sections: (1) your name and address, (2) your educational background, (3) your employment background, and (4) people who can serve as references to vouch for your skills and character. When you apply for any job or program, bring information to complete these four sections. The application is not a test; it is acceptable to copy the information from your own written documents. Bring to the application center: ■
■
■
Names and addresses of all colleges, secondary schools, technical or vocational schools, high schools, junior or middle schools, and grade schools you have attended. Street addresses and telephone numbers of at least the last three jobs you have held. These can include paper routes; part-time work done for other families, such as baby-sitting, lawn care, or house-sitting; and any other job for which you were paid and at which you worked for more than one day. It is most important to list jobs for which you received a regular paycheck, especially employment with established businesses, such as stores and restaurants. Write down all the jobs you have held, starting with the last one and going back in time. If you held a job some time ago, it is courteous to contact the staff there to let them know you are listing the organization as an employer, and they may be receiving a call from a job training sponsor. Names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three people who can be references—that is, people who will tell a potential employer or job training sponsor that you are a good worker or a good student. Relatives are not the best choice for references. Consider teachers and school counselors; priests, ministers, or rabbis from your place of worship; former employers; and friends who are working, particularly if they work in the field for which you are applying. Someone who has been through the apprenticeship program or who works for the union or organization that is sponsoring the training is also a good reference. Before listing people as references, call them and ask their permission.
tion, one of which should prove that you have the legal right to work in the United States. A driver’s license, birth certificate, and Social Security card are standard forms of identification. When you come in for the interview, be sure to dress well and make a good first impression. It is not necessary to buy expensive clothes for the interview, but you should not show up in gym clothes and sandals. Men typically wear a plain-colored or other conservative shirt with a tie, nice pants, and a jacket or sweater. Women typically wear a dress or a shirt and nice pants. Comb your hair, be clean and neat, and wear modest jewelry. You want the interviewer to pay attention to what you have to say instead of being distracted by how you look. Also bear in mind that jewelry is often a hazard for workers who handle equipment and tools. When you enter the interviewer’s office, do not sit down until you are asked to be seated. Sit straight and look directly at the interviewer. Answer the questions thoughtfully. It is acceptable to take several seconds to consider a question before answering. During the interview process you may be required to take oral and written examinations. Some tests are informal. Others are administered by the state and must be taken at a specific time and place. Remember that it is illegal for any employer to discriminate against an applicant because of race, sex, or religion. The Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) has also made it illegal to discriminate against anyone with a disability that does not directly impair their ability to do the work of a particular job. If you feel that you have been the victim of discrimination in being considered for a job or a program, contact a local Department of Labor’s Office of Nondiscrimination and Affirmative Action in Employment. The offices are listed in telephone books.
TYPICAL INTERVIEW QUESTIONS Before you go in for an interview, think about why you want this training and what you hope to gain from it. After an interview consider how you answered questions and how you might improve your performance during the next interview. Here are a few questions that are commonly asked during interviews:
Why Are You Interested in This Job?
THE INTERVIEW When scheduling an interview, ask the coordinator what documents you should bring. Employers and training programs usually require at least two forms of identifica-
Do not start your answer with any comment about money. You should be interested in the job because of the tasks you will do, the type of work it offers, and the type of environment in which you will be working. The interviewer
Applying and Interviewing for an Apprenticeship 13
wants to know that this is an interesting career choice for you and that you won’t be apt to leave if a better offer comes along.
What Do You Have to Offer Us? The interviewer wants to hear about your personal abilities. If you are a hard worker, intelligent, or skilled at certain tasks, now is the time to say it. It may feel like bragging, but that is what is expected. Do not go overboard, but it is acceptable to make comments such as, “I’m good at woodworking. I’ve enjoyed my courses at school in shop and got good grades. I’ve had jobs where I work outdoors, and I enjoyed them.”
Where Do You Expect to Be in Five or Ten Years? This is a hard question; to answer it you need to do research before the interview, possibly at a library. Start by reading all the information people send you during your search for a training program. If you are applying for an apprenticeship program that lasts four years, then in five years you will just be starting out as a journeyman. You should research to discover whether a journeyman usually works independently or as an employee of a company, how long it takes the average worker to become a business owner, or if there is another level of employment to which you might advance with your employer. Use the same type of research to project your situation after onthe-job training.
What Are Your Weak Points? This is another difficult question, because you don’t want to leave the interviewer with a negative impression of you,
but you want to answer honestly. You can comment about course work that did not come easily for you, your level of competitiveness, and if you have a hard time admitting failure or defeat. Be sure you can explain why these are weak points for you.
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS Most people struggle with the question of what they want to do for a living. Many change fields several times during their lives. When you choose a career, you do not have to worry about whether it is something you will enjoy 40 years from now. You may be working in another field by then. You do need to consider what the future holds for the job you choose. Is this a career field that is declining? Is technology replacing workers with computerized operations? Will the skills you learn in a trade today be transferable to some other trade, if necessary? Remember that some occupations that offered apprenticeships 20 years ago are no longer practiced today. Once you identify the kinds of activities you enjoy, the skills you want to develop, and what you hope will happen in your future, you should be able to answer any question during an interview. More importantly, you should feel confident that you are making a wise decision about your work and your life.
VOLUNTEERING AS A WAY TO FURTHER YOUR CAREER
G
aining hands-on experience is essential in the development of any career. For some fields, in which formal apprenticeships may not be available, similar experience and skills can be attained through volunteer positions. Volunteer positions are, by definition, unpaid. However, it is important to keep in mind that acquiring valuable skills and work experience that make you more eligible to qualify for a paid position is a type of compensation itself. Most non-profit organizations utilize volunteers, and you can often acquire just as powerful an experience working as a volunteer in a non-profit as you could in a for-profit situation. Many students find that they prefer the spirit of a non-profit and decide to make their careers in that sector. Volunteering for non-profit organizations gives you a chance to work in a variety of settings, with different teams, and even on your own. If you are uncertain about your career path, volunteering can be an excellent way to sample different types of work. Opportunities exist in a wide variety of career fields. You may find careers that you never knew existed. If you have an interest in pursuing a career you discover through a volunteer position, you will be able to ask questions of the employees who work in the organization and learn what you need to do to prepare yourself for future paid work in the field. Some questions you might ask include the following: ■ ■ ■
LOCATING A VOLUNTEER POSITION Getting started is easy. You can contact a local non-profit organization and speak with their volunteer coordinator. If you don’t know what non-profit you want to work with, the United Way and other service organizations can point you in the right direction based on your personal interests, skills, and schedule. It’s almost as if you’ll be getting informal career counseling, as they help you find the area that suits you best. Another way to locate a volunteer position is to let your family members and friends know that you are looking for one. Often someone you already know will be able to assist you in finding a volunteer job.
TYPES OF VOLUNTEER POSITIONS Volunteer positions are as diverse as paid positions. You might have a job supervising other volunteers, writing grants, answering phones, or doing general office work. Or, you might be camping in the woods and maintaining trails for the Forest Service. The possibilities are nearly endless. Following are a few examples of the types of volunteer jobs you might find and some areas of interest that can help prepare you for that type of work. While these jobs are most commonly found with non-profit organizations, they might be available in a business setting as well.
What type of degree is required for this type of job? What specific courses would you recommend I take? Can my volunteer service also serve as an internship?
Volunteer Management You can help recruit and schedule other volunteers to perform different tasks. Interview them to find out what they like to do, conduct orientations, and form teams for large projects. Areas of interest: human resources, business management
Don’t be afraid to tell the volunteer coordinator or your supervisor that you are hoping to identify a career path for yourself. You’ll be surprised at what they will share, and how helpful they can be. Feel good knowing you are doing something to help others, while working toward success for yourself.
Grant Writing Be a part of the team that finds the funds that keep the organization running. You may serve as the principal writer, research funding sources, or edit the proposal. Areas of interest: english, library science, finance 14
Volunteering as a Way to Further Your Career 15
Administration Answer phones, interact with organization members, maintain records, and prepare letters. Areas of interest: business management, paralegal studies
Event Planning Most organizations hold events several times per year. The events are designed to accomplish a goal, raise funds, or increase public awareness. You can help with developing and mailing, reserving space, renting equipment and supplies, registering participants, or planning the menu and agenda. Areas of interest: hospitality management, communications, culinary arts, interior design
Member Services Working closely with the staff to build public awareness of the organization and its goals, you can be a part of membership drives, registering new members, providing information, developing newsletters, collecting membership dues, and more. Areas of interest: public relations, communications, human resources Additional job possibilities might include the following:
Tutoring A volunteer might work on adult literacy and education, which could involve everything from teaching reading to applying for grants. Areas of interest: education, sociology
Construction Volunteers in this field may help build or renovate houses. Areas of interest: construction, architecture
Animal Support This work might entail animal rescue, organizing adoption drives, and taking care of animals in a shelter. Areas of interest: veterinary science
Areas of interest: public relations, political science, urban planning
Environmental Action Public awareness campaigns, fund-raising, and volunteer management are jobs handled by volunteers. Areas of interest: ecology, environmental science, political science, law
Senior Services Volunteers in this field visit clients, read to them, provide assistance with errands, and offer companionship. Areas of interest: nursing, medicine, business management, human services
FEDERAL VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITIES Specific nonprofit organizations with contact information include the following: American Folklife Center Internships and Awards http://www.loc.gov/folklife/interns.html
The American Folklife Center provides opportunities for students to work with collections for course credit, and a limited number of awards for scholars interested in working with ethnographic collection materials at the Library of Congress. Army Corps of Engineers Volunteers 1-800-865-8337 (hotline) http://www.orn.usace.army.mil/volunteer
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Volunteer Clearinghouse is a nationwide, toll free hotline number for individuals who are interested in volunteering their time with the Corps. By calling the hotline a potential volunteer can express interest in any Corps project nationwide. The Clearinghouse in turn gives the individual a point of contact for the area they have requested, as well as written information about volunteer opportunities there.
Working with Children This might involve tutoring, childcare, organizing toy drives, or conducting health screenings. Areas of interest: education, medicine, nursing
Disaster Relief Cleanup, information distribution, public relations, and shelter management are jobs that fall into this category.
Citizen Corps http://www.citizencorps.gov
Assists volunteers in their efforts to become more responsible citizens of their communities. Helps them to get training in first aid and emergency skills and to volunteer to support local emergency responders, disaster relief, and community safety.
16 Volunteering as a Way to Further Your Career
Civil Air Patrol http://www.cap.gov
Fisheries Cruise Volunteers http://www.nefsc.noaa.gov/techniques/volman.html
Civil Air Patrol performs search and rescue, aids in disaster relief, conducts counter-drug reconnaissance, and accomplishes homeland security missions
Volunteers with the Fisheries and Ecosystems Monitoring and Analysis Division (FEMAD) of the Northeast Fisheries Science Center participate aboard the research vessels Albatross IV and Delaware II or special NOAA-chartered research vessels.
Coast Guard Auxiliary http://www.cgaux.org
Auxiliarists assist the Coast Guard in non–law enforcement programs such as public education, vessel safety checks, safety patrols, search and rescue, maritime security and environmental protection and Coast Guard Academy introduction programs for youth. Auxiliarists volunteer more than 2 million hours annually to benefit other boaters and their families. Congressional Research Service Volunteer Internships http://www.loc.gov/crsinfo/volunteer
CRS accepts a limited number of volunteer interns each year. Although most interns are graduate students, exceptional undergraduate students are also welcome to apply. Volunteer interns assist professional CRS staff in performing research and reference in response to public policy–related issues and questions. Through this work, volunteers have an opportunity to participate in the legislative process and to develop valuable research skills in a public policy setting. Corporation for National and Community Service— Senior Corps, Americorps, Learn and Serve http://www.cns.gov
The Corporation for National and Community Service engages Americans of all ages and backgrounds in service to help strengthen communities. Senior Corps is a network of programs that tap the experience, skills, and talents of older citizens to meet community challenges with Foster Grandparents, Senior Companions, and RSVP (Retired and Senior Volunteer Program). With AmeriCorps *NCCC (National Civilian Community Corps), you’ll travel the U.S. full time while making a difference in people’s lives—from building affordable housing to providing disaster relief. Members get uniforms, training, lodging, meals, health benefits and a living allowance. And upon completion of the 10-month program, you’ll get nearly $5,000 to help pay for school. Learn and Serve America supports service-learning programs across the country by providing funding and training. Federal Election Volunteers http://www.eac.gov
Volunteers with the Elections Assistance Commission work the polls on election day to ensure that all citizens have access to a local polling place.
Food Recovery Guide http://www.usda.gov/news/pubs/gleaning/five.htm
Helps volunteers fight hunger in their communities. International Executive Service Corps http://www.iesc.org
This organization places volunteers in positions where they can help promote private enterprise development. Library of Congress Docent and Information Desk http://www.loc.gov/loc/visit/volunteer.html
The Docent position offers the individual a four-month behind-the-scenes training designed to familiarize the volunteer with the breadth and depth of the world’s largest library. This training is offered twice weekly each Fall (Tuesdays and Thursdays) from 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. Following the classroom presentations, each docent-in-training is expected to take the class on a 45-minute tour of the Great Hall and Main Reading Room in the Thomas Jefferson Building. Graduation ceremonies are held in December, after which the docent leads tours of the Great Hall and Main Reading Room. The Information Desk volunteer position offers the individual the opportunity to serve at our three busy Information Desks, both in the Jefferson and Madison Buildings. The volunteer deals primarily with researchers and visitors, assisting the general public and may well be the only Library representative the visitor meets, hence the need for a friendly, patient disposition. Library of Congress Junior Fellows Program http://www.loc.gov/rr/jrfell
Fellows, working with primary source materials, will assist selected divisions in fulfilling their mission to reduce the arrearage by organizing and documenting archival collections, producing finding aids and bibliographic records, preparing materials for preservation and service, and doing bibliographical research; and contribute to the Library’s efforts to digitize its historical collections. Library of Congress Preservation and Conservation Fellowships, Internships, and Workshops http://www.loc.gov/preserv/servpubs.html
Volunteering as a Way to Further Your Career 17
The Conservation Fellow Volunteer Program, organized in collaboration with the Library’s Visitors Services Office (LS/NSD/VSO), provides individuals interested in conservation with a unique opportunity to learn more about conservation by volunteering on projects in the Library’s Conservation Division. It also provides those who are planning to apply to conservation graduate school a way of gaining valuable pre-program work experience. The type of volunteer work undertaken in the program varies depending on the skills and interests of the volunteers and the projects scheduled for treatment. There is never a shortage of projects and volunteers may be assigned to work on a wide range of materials from the Library’s collections. Examples of volunteer projects include, re-sleeving and archival storage of collections of historic photographs, re-housing of photographic albums, matting of graphic materials, and re-housing collections of pamphlets. Volunteers must work at least one day a week.
The NRCS needs people who are willing to commit their time and talent to conserving and protecting soil, water, and wildlife for their community and everyone in it.
Library of Congress Researcher Guidance Volunteers http://www.loc.gov/loc/visit/volunteer.html
Public Lands—Bureau of Land Management http://www.blm.gov/volunteer/index.html
As the title suggests, this volunteer assists the researcher in mapping out a logical strategy for using the Library’s vast resources. The Researcher Guidance Volunteer (RGV) seeks to organize the new researcher’s initial forays throughout the Library’s sprawling campus. The RGV counsels the novice researcher on a convenient route to the appropriate reading rooms in a timely fashion. The RGV is not trained to focus on research projects but rather to assist the reader with directions, to answer questions of a strategic nature, and to allay apprehensions.
Volunteers can serve in one of a number of programs designed to help protect and preserve America’s federal lands. These include the Site Steward Program, becoming a Heritage Volunteer, joining a vocational group, and participating in the Backyard Conservation Program.
National Parks Volunteers http://www.nps.gov/volunteer
In 2004, 140,000 volunteers donated 5 million hours to your national parks at a value of $85.9 million. They work in a wide variety of positions to help preserve and protect America’s natural and cultural heritage for the enjoyment of this and future generations. Natural Resource Volunteers http://www.volunteer.gov/gov
This organization places volunteers in a wide variety of positions that include work in archaeology, botany, campground hosting, conservation education, timber/ fire prevention, trail/campground maintenance, visitor information, and weed/invasive species control. Natural Resources Conservation Earth Team Volunteers http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/feature/volunteers
Ocean & Weather Volunteers and Jobs http://www.noaa.gov/jobs.html
Volunteers work with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration on weather- and ocean-related research projects. Peace Corps http://www.peacecorps.gov/volunteer
Volunteers serve in 72 countries in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean, Central and South America, Europe, and the Middle East. Collaborating with local community members, volunteers work in areas like education, youth outreach and community development, the environment, and information technology.
Service Corps of Retired Executives (SCORE)— Counselors to America’s Small Business http://www.score.org
SCORE volunteers work with small business owners to assist them in developing their business. Smithsonian Institution Volunteers http://www.si.edu/resource/faq/volunteer/start.htm
Volunteers have provided a primary means of support for the Smithsonian Institution since its establishment in 1846. They work as docents, as Information Specialists, in the Behind-the-Scenes Volunteer Program, in Special Support Programs, and in Seasonal Programs. Teacher at Sea Program http://www.tas.noaa.gov
Volunteer teachers may select a cruise aboard one of NOAA’s 15 ships. Fisheries research vessels perform biological and physical science studies in support of fisheries research. Oceanographic and coastal research vessels perform physical science studies in support of physical oceanography, atmospheric studies, and bathymetric mapping. Hydrographic survey vessels scan the coastal sea floor with side-scan sonar and sophisticated bottom
18 Volunteering as a Way to Further Your Career
sounding systems to locate submerged obstructions and navigational hazards for the creation or update of the nation’s nautical charts. Veterans Voluntary Service—Students, Health Care, Transportation, Corporations http://www1.va.gov/volunteer
Volunteers with this organization assist veteran patients by augmenting staff end-of-life care programs, foster care, community-based volunteer programs, and work in hospital wards, nursing homes, and veteran outreach centers. Water Quality Monitoring Volunteers http://www.epa.gov/owow/monitoring/volunteer/ epasvmp.html
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of Water encourages all citizens to learn about their water resources and supports volunteer monitoring because of its many benefits. Volunteer monitors build awareness of pollution problems, become trained in pollution prevention, help clean up problem sites, provide data for waters that may otherwise be unassessed, and increase the amount of water quality information available to decision makers at all levels of government. Among the uses of volunteer data are delineating and characterizing watersheds, screening for water quality problems, and measuring baseline conditions and trends. Young People Can Help Make Their Communities Better Places http://www.pueblo.gsa.gov/cic_text/family/spirit/spirit.htm
This organization helps place America’s youth in volunteer positions in their home communities.
INTERNATIONAL VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITIES The following is just a sampling of volunteer opportunities around the globe.
worldwide. AIESEC facilitates international exchange of thousands of students and recent graduates each year. American Jewish World Service http://ajws.org
Jewish men and women—from young professionals to retirees—serve in the Jewish Volunteer Corps (JVC). The JVC places volunteers on short-term consulting projects with local, grassroots non-governmental organizations throughout the world. Volunteers come from a variety of backgrounds and through the JVC partnership, provide humanitarian aid, in the form of technical assistance and training. Amigos de las Americas http://www.amigoslink.org
Places individuals in one- to two-month projects in Latin America. Applicants are expected to be proficient in either Spanish or Portuguese. The fee for the program covers room and board and airfare. Amizade http://amizade.org
Places individuals in Brazil, Bolivia, and the Yellowstone region of the United States. Service trips run from one week to three months. Applicants must be fluent in the language of the area in which they intend to serve. Volunteers pay for all of their expenses and a percentage of the cost of the project on which they will volunteer. Earthwatch Institute http://www.earthwatch.org
Places individuals in one- to three-week scientific research projects around the world. Participants pay a share of the costs of the program and receive room and board as part of this fee. Financial Services Volunteer Corps http://www.fsvc.org
Places American citizens in one-week to six-month service assignments around the world. The organization pays transportation costs and room and board.
Places individuals in one- to two-week service projects in Croatia, Kazakhstan, Macedonia, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine. Participants must have practical financial experience and/or skills necessary for each project. The organization covers transportation and room and board.
AIESEC http://www.aiesec.org
Global Language Villages http://www.GlobalLanguageVillages.org
The world’s largest student organization, AIESEC is a global network of 50,000 members across more than 85 countries and territories at more than 800 universities
Global Language Villages offers the opportunity to experience China through interactions with Chinese students in a three-week program.
ACDI/VOCA http://www.acdivoca.org/acdivoca/acdiweb2.nsf/acdivoca
Volunteering as a Way to Further Your Career 19
Global Service Corps http://www.globalservicecorps.org
Places individuals in three-week to yearlong service projects in Costa Rica, Kenya, and Thailand. Applicants must be at least 20 years old. Participants pay a fee for their room and board, and are expected to make their own travel arrangements. Global Vision International http://www.gvi.co.uk
Global Vision International has a range of award-winning expeditions, volunteer projects, and training courses offer the adventurous individual the chance to take part in pioneering and rewarding projects all over the world. You can join over 30 expeditions, projects, and courses in more than 15 countries including teaching in China, social education programs with street children in Guatemala, Ecuador and Marine Expeditions in Mexico.
covers the preparation, but participants are expected to make their own travel arrangements. Host organizations provide housing and food. ICYE Federation http://www.idealist.org/orgs/19778:7
An international Federation of National Committees promoting youth mobility, international understanding and global education through long-term (six to 12 months) voluntary service exchange programs. Indian Volunteers for Community Service (IVCS) http://www.ivcs.org.uk
A U.K. charity allowing anyone to visit and become involved in rural development projects in India for three weeks to six months. Placement fees are (currently £175 for the initial three-week period and £3 per day thereafter).
Global Volunteers http://www.idealist.org/orgs/7895:41
International Medical Volunteers Association http://www.idealist.org/orgs/15377:256
Places individuals in one- to three-week service projects in 20 countries around the world. Participants pay a fee for their room and board, and are expected to make their own travel arrangements.
Serves as a clearinghouse of medical service projects around the world for long- and short-term projects. There are no fees for the referral service. The details of each project vary.
Guatemala Accompaniment Project http://www.idealist.org/orgs/14836:42
International Service and Travel Center (ISTC) http://www.istc.umn.edu
Places individuals in three-month-minimum-stay projects as trained human rights observers in Guatemala. Applicants must be residents of the U.S. or Canada and speak English. Individuals are expected to fund-raise to cover costs, which include room, board, and a stipend.
ISTC is a nationally recognized center dedicated to promoting international opportunities for college students and others and to supporting individuals preparing for international experiences.
Health Volunteers Overseas http://www.idealist.org/orgs/8880:0
Places fully trained health and medical professionals in 20 developing countries in Africa, Asia, Central and South America, and the Caribbean. Volunteers serve for an average of one month in a teaching and training capacity. Applicants must be fluent in English. Volunteers pay their travel expenses to and from the developing country. Room and board may be provided, but may be paid for by volunteer, depending on the site chosen by the volunteer. ICA-Netherlands http://www.idealist.org/orgs/18618:1
Places individuals in long-term development projects (minimum 6 months) in developing countries (all continents). Preparation program includes training in project skills and facilitation methods. The fee for this program
International Volunteer Programs Association http://www.idealist.org/orgs/42503:225
The International Volunteer Programs Association (IVPA) is an alliance of nonprofit, non-governmental organizations based in the Americas, that are involved in international volunteer and internship exchanges. The International Youth Exchange program (IYE) http://www.youngaustralians.org
A program that enables young Australians (aged 15–25) to travel overseas to participate in international community projects. Involvement Volunteers Association Inc. http://www.idealist.org/orgs/21438:269
Places individuals over the age of 18 in two- or six-week or 12-month service projects around the world. Volunteers are assessed a small placement fee ($200 AU) by the
20 Volunteering as a Way to Further Your Career
organization. Volunteers then pay a fee depending upon the organization with which they choose to work, and need to make their own travel arrangements. Jesuit Volunteer Corps http://www.jesuitvolunteers.org
Jesuit Volunteers serve the homeless, the unemployed, refugees, people with AIDS, the elderly, street youth, abused women and children, the mentally ill and the developmentally disabled. JVC has become the largest Catholic lay volunteer program in the country. Some job placements require specific credentials or licenses, but most JVC jobs can be done by people who have a general educational background and a willingness to learn new skills. JVC placements require a one-year commitment. All volunteers begin in the first weeks of August with an orientation. JVC placements require a two-year commitment. All volunteers begin with an orientation in July. Mercy Ships http://www.idealist.org/orgs/14704:68
Places individuals in one week to permanent service projects around the world. There are a wide range of positions, some of which require professional training. The program covers room and board and a stipend. Participants are expected to make their own travel arrangements for shortterm trips (three months or less). Applicants interested in long-term opportunities are expected to participate in a discipleship training school. Mission Doctors Association http://www.idealist.org/orgs/19083:53
Places individuals of all ages and background in one- to two-week field research projects around the world. The long-term, conservation-based projects emphasize protection of marine wildlife, the marine environment, and other aquatic habitats. Participants pay a share of the costs of the research program and receive room and board, in addition to partial transportation with certain expeditions, as part of the expedition fee. Partners of the Americas http://www.idealist.org/orgs/13988:50
Places individuals from the Caribbean, Latin America, and the United States in one- to two-week service opportunities in the Caribbean, Latin America, and the United States. Applicants are expected to have an expertise related to the project. Costs for projects vary widely. Peace Brigades International http://www.peacebrigades.org
Places individuals in long-term service projects around the world. Applicants must be at least 25 and be fluent in the language of the host country. Participants pay their airfare and are expected to raise $2,000, which covers the remainder of their costs. Peace Corps http://www.peacecorps.gov/volunteer
Currently, more than 7,000 Peace Corps volunteers are serving in 77 countries, working to bring clean water to communities, teach children, help start new small businesses, and stop the spread of AIDS.
MDA places volunteers in Mission Hospitals in Africa and Papua New Guinea. Two service opportunities, long term (two to three years) or short term one to three months. Physicians must have evidence of completed 12month residency program. For long term program MDA provides complete sponsorship, airfare, insurance, and a small stipend. Short-term volunteers are required to cover these expenses themselves, but in both cases, the hospital provides room and board. No language requirement.
Project OTZMA http://www.projectotzma.com/
Network for Community Empowerment Pakistan http://www.community.org.pk
Places students in their gap year in volunteer positions abroad. You must be a EU or U.K. passport holder.
Places individuals in one- to three-month service projects in Pakistan. The program is free, with room and board included. Participants cover their transportation costs.
ProWorld Service Corps http://www.proworldsc.org
Oceanic Society http://www.idealist.org/orgs/22065:96
Promotes social and economic development, empower communities, and cultivate educated compassionate global citizens. ProWorld links volunteers with com-
Places participants (ages 20 to 24, college graduates preferred) in Israel for 10 months in settings that include immigration absorption centers, kibbutzim, youth aliyah villages, and areas of urban renewal. The program cost is $1850 plus air fare. Project Trust UK http://www.projecttrust.org.uk/about/index.htm
Volunteering as a Way to Further Your Career 21
munity development projects, language classes and local activities in Peru, Belize, and Mexico. Religious Youth Service (RYS) http://www.iifwp.org/programs/RYS
Places individuals in one- to two-week (occasionally up to four-week) service projects around the world. Applicants should have an interest in world religions. There is no program fee, but participants pay a modest fee (typically $200 for two weeks) and cover their transportation costs. SCI International Voluntary Service http://www.sci-ivs.org
Places generalist volunteers in two-week summer international group workcamps and in 3–12 months year round volunteering with small stipend. Participants pay for airfare and a $125 fee. Service Civil International (SCI) is a secular, grassroots, and non-profit volunteer placement and development movement run in the U.S. by an all volunteer staff and board. SIPAZ Servicio Internacional Para la Paz (Chiapas, Mexico) http://www.idealist.org/orgs/6222:113
Places individuals in long-term service projects in Chiapas, Mexico. Applicants must be fluent in Spanish and it is helpful to have some conflict resolution skills. Participants pay no fee and receive transportation costs and room and board. Students Partnership Worldwide USA http://www.spw.org
Runs health education and environmental programs in India, Nepal, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Uganda. All volunteers receive intensive training (up to six weeks) before working together in teams in rural communities, raising awareness of important health and environmental issues. Programs last from four to nine months and volunteers fund-raise to cover their costs with support from SPW. SYTO (Student and Youth Travel Organization) http://www.idealist.org/orgs/20359:139
Places participants in non-governmental and governmental organizations, private and small-scale businesses and schools in Ghana, Cote d’Ivoire, Senegal, Gambia, Benin and Nigeria. Programs last for three months (though can be extended) and have an associated program fee. Travel-to-Teach http://www.travel-to-teach.org
This is a nonprofit organization that aims to transmit knowledge of English from wealthier nations to poorer ones by way of volunteers. The length of time can be anywhere from a week to six months or longer. Costs vary from 150 € a week to 1200 € for six months. United Children’s Fund http://www.idealist.org/orgs/7739:202
Places individuals in one-week to six-month service projects in Uganda. Applicants need to be fluent in English. Volunteers typically cover all of their own costs. United Nations Volunteers http://www.unv.org
Places individuals in service projects around the world for one year or more. Applicants are at least 25, should be fluent in the language of the country in which they aspire to volunteer, and be experts in their area of service. Participants receive transportation costs, room and board, and a stipend. United Planet http://www.unitedplanet.org
This is an international non-profit organization devoted to building cross-cultural understanding and friendship around the world. With programs and members in over 100 countries, UP offers a diverse range of initiatives to build global understanding, including free school cultural presentations (Cultural Awareness Project-CAP), the world’s largest online cultural exchange (Voices of Earth/ UP Forum), and volunteer and learning journeys worldwide (UP Quests). As a rapidly growing organization, UP has a wide variety of volunteer and intern opportunities for both international and domestic programs. E-mail: quest@ unitedplanet.org, or call at 617-292-0711 to learn more. Visions in Action http://www.idealist.org/orgs/12198:144
Places individuals in six month and one year service projects in Africa and Mexico. All programs include a onemonth language training program. Applicants must be at least 20 and have two years of college or the equivalent work experience. Participants pay fees for each program that cover all expenses, but the organization does offer fund-raising advice. Voluntary Service International http://www.idealist.org/orgs/14860:23
Places individuals in two-week to one-year service projects around the world. There is no program fee, but par-
22 Volunteering as a Way to Further Your Career
ticipants pay a workcamp fee, which operates on a sliding scale, and cover their transportation costs. Voluntary Service Overseas http://www.idealist.org/orgs/14861:93
Places individuals in two-year service projects in 60 countries around the world. All applicants must be within traveling distance of the U.K., Canada, or the Netherlands and be able to get the requisite visa. Potential participants should have a university degree and two to three years work experience. The organization pays all costs and a stipend is included. Volunteers For Peace http://www.idealist.org/orgs/3171:312
Places individuals in two- to three-week service projects around the world. Participants pay a $195 fee for their room and board, and are expected to make their own travel arrangements. Volunteers in Asia http://www.viaprograms.org
Places individuals in six-week or one- to two-year service projects in Asia. Potential participants must attend four weekends of training at Stanford University during the spring. While volunteers do not need to be fluent in the language of the country in which they will reside, they should begin studying upon acceptance into the program. To participate in the two-year program or the one-year program in Laos or Vietnam, applicants must have a BA/ BS. Participants pay fees for each program that cover all expenses. VSO Canada http://www.vsocan.org
Places individuals from Canada, Europe, and the United States in long-term service projects in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Pacific. Applicants may be expected to have degrees to participate in certain projects. The organization pays all costs and a stipend is included. Winrock International http://www.winrock.org
Places American professionals in two- to six-week volunteer assignments to promote agricultural and business development overseas. Winrock covers transportation, lodging, and travel expenses. Witness for Peace http://www.witnessforpeace.org
Volunteers must be 21, fluent in Spanish, and U.S. citizens. Programs run in Nicaragua, Guatemala, Cuba, Mexico (Chiapas), and Colombia. Cost: Transportation to training site and expected to raise $1000 over two years of service. Service commitment: two years. World Pulse http://www.idealist.org/orgs/55463:201
Program participants are involved in community service projects and a cross-cultural training program in the San Francisco Bay Area over a 10-month period, and then travel abroad during the summer to join an international voluntary service project for two to four weeks. Must be a Bay Area resident. WorldTeach http://www.worldteach.org
WorldTeach is a non-profit, non-governmental organization based at the Center for International Development at Harvard University. WorldTeach provides opportunities for individuals interested in international education by placing them as volunteer teachers in developing countries. Currently, WorldTeach places volunteers in Costa Rica, Ecuador, China, and Namibia. Young Volunteers’ Programme http://www.kepa.fi/etvo
Places individuals over 18 currently residing in Finland (not necessarily citizens) in two- to 12-month service projects in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The training and selection takes place in Finland. Most of the positions are in the field of social work. Priority is given to individuals who have had some experience living abroad. There are no fees for the program, but applicants are expected to meet all their travel and living costs. Youth Challenge International http://www.yci.org
Places 18 to 25 year old Canadian, Australian, Costa Rican, and Guyanese citizens in three-month service project in Guyana and Costa Rica. Participants are expected to fund-raise to cover their airfare and room and board costs. Youth with A Mission http://www.ywam.org
Places individuals in one-week to more than one-year service projects globally. There are no fees for the program, but applicants are expected to meet all their travel and living costs.
Volunteering as a Way to Further Your Career 23
OTHER VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITIES The following are some other volunteer opportunities that appeal to a wide range of interests. Catholic Network of Volunteer Service (CNVS) http://www.cnvs.org
Offers faith-based volunteer opportunities for men and women with varying skills, to help others in need of volunteer service. Database of short- and long-term opportunities, in U.S. and abroad. CityCares http://www.citycares.org
An alliance of volunteer organizations working to build community in the U.S. through service and civic engagement. CoachArt http://www.coachart.org
Finds coaches and teachers to volunteer to improve the quality of life for children with life-threatening illnesses by providing free, personal lessons in the arts and athletics. CollegeCorps http://www.thecollegecorps.org
Volunteer program that places fully funded undergraduate interns from the U.S.F. in projects in the developing world, to promote the United Nations Millennium Goals and increase awareness among college students. Department of State, International Information Programs http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/volunteer
Volunteerism in the United States. Impact Online http://www.impactonline.org
Helping people get involved in their community—information about volunteering and a database of environment-related opportunities. Join Hands Day http://www.joinhandsday.org
A national volunteer day every June that teams youth and adults in service projects to communities.
PAVE—Promoting America’s Volunteer Efforts http://www.paveamerica.org
A network for volunteers across America to learn more about how they can help out in their communities. Helps connect prospective volunteers with volunteer projects in their area. Points of Light Foundation http://www.pointsoflight.org
A Washington, D.C.–based, non-profit organization working in communities throughout the United States through a network of over 500 Volunteer Centers. SERVEnet http://www.servenet.org
Every day, brings thousands of volunteers and community organizations together online. Spark—Partnership for Service http://www.sparkpfs.org
An organization incorporating Jewish service learning into projects to build community, with resources for those seeking volunteer opportunities to strengthen their Jewish identity. Students For Change http://www.studentsforchange.org
A non-profit corporation that works with student volunteers to create sustainable communities. Programs emphasize the use of information technology. Volunteers of America http://www.volunteersofamerica.org
National, nonprofit, spiritually-based organization providing local human service programs. Women in Progress http://www.womeninprogress.org
U.S. organization placing volunteers to assist women in Ghana and grow their micro-enterprises. Information on activities, projects, and opportunities for volunteers and internships.
INTERNSHIPS AS A WAY TO FURTHER YOUR CAREER
A
n internship is a short-term, career-related experience, which often includes an academically linked learning component. Some internships are full-time, paid positions that involve a typical 40-hour work week. However, many of the most sought-after internships are unpaid. Many students who participate in an internship during the school year work part-time hours so that they may continue taking a full load of courses. Taking advantage of internships while you’re still in school has significant rewards. If you’re a college or high school student, finding and landing the right internship can give you a real edge when getting started on your career. One of the most important advantages offered by an internship is the ability to find out if the career you’re considering is really right for you. As valuable as research and theory can be, there’s no substitute for actually witnessing and participating in the daily routines of a specific career. Internships can help you become familiar with the duties of many different people in an organization, which can help narrow your focus and let you decide if the career you dream of is the right career for you. Paid internships, or those associated with scholarship programs, provide additional benefits to students. Internships also provide value when you’re applying for jobs after graduation. Employers are apt to give additional consideration to candidates with internship experience listed on their resumes. References and recommendations from those you worked with in an internship also carry more weight than an unrelated job working retail or fast food. In addition, the opportunities to network can also increase your chance at landing the job you want, as former associates give you leads or mention your name in the right place at the right time. An internship search will reveal that there are many kinds of internships available. Some are primarily summer internships, and often involve working full time with a company or organization. Others might last a semester or even an entire year, involving students who are working around their class schedules. While there are many paid
internships available, approximately 55 percent of internships are unpaid.
TIPS FOR SUCCESSFUL INTERVIEWING Do your homework on the company before going in. Know what it produces and its goals and expectations. Recruiters appreciate the extra initiative and research. Consider what you can bring to the company. Know your own strengths and try to imagine how they can fit into the organization. Experience in clubs, organizations and volunteer work in both high school and college are things to start thinking about. Make sure that you’re on time! Don’t miss out on a valuable internship opportunity because of traffic or other unforeseen delays. Budget your commute time appropriately and try to arrive a few minutes early.
Gain Experience School Activities No matter where you go to school, chances are you’ve got dozens of different clubs, organizations, etc. that you could join. Zero in on a few that are related to your field of interest. Are you interested in journalism? You should be pounding down the door of your school newspaper getting experience in as many departments as possible. Are you interested in biology? You should join or head up a committee in the Biology or Clean Environment Club. If you don’t have relevant clubs at your school, then start one. Volunteer Activities Are you interested in law? How about contacting a nonprofit legal aid association to see if you could volunteer to file for a couple hours a week? Your volunteering could evolve into an internship. Not only does volunteer work beef up a resume, it demonstrates that you are a concerned, responsible citizen. Not sure where to find out about volunteer activities? Start by inquiring with your career services office. 24
Internships as a Way to Further Your Career 25
“First Step” Internships There is a misconception out there that internships are only for juniors and seniors. This is not true. In many cases, there are “first step” internships available to any students regardless of class standing. “First step” internships are typically unpaid and may be primarily clerical in nature. Students who begin with this step may not have the most challenging assignments, however, they will be exposed to an organizational environment. In the internship game, simply having this exposure may give you a leg up over other students. Also, you’d be surprised at the number of students who start out in a clerical function within an internship and move into more advanced, relevant assignments. School Projects Whenever possible, utilize school projects to your advantage. For example, as an Information Systems major, your project may be to create a program for an airline reservation system. By all means, use this experience to your advantage by detailing the project and the programming tools used in future correspondence with employers.
Write a Winning Resume A winning resume is one that will easily and thoroughly tell an employer that you are the right candidate for the job. This doesn’t mean plugging your demographic information into a pre-programmed resume template. It does mean honing in on the key skills and requirements that the employer is looking for. An employer should be able to easily tell from the top one- to two-thirds of your resume that you are the candidate they are looking for. Lay the internship description right next to your resume so you can target your information to coincide with the internship requirements. You may want to use a “Qualifications” section at the top of your resume that describes how your skills match each of the internship requirements. Another option is to include a “Relevant Experience” category towards the top that details all of your related school, volunteer, and/or previous internship experience.
Write a Persuasive Cover Letter There are so many generic cover letters from people that say “they are the best fit for the position,” that they are “very interested in the company,” and that they are “dedicated and hard-working.” While these statements all sounded admirable, they are nothing but words on paper. It’s like buying a new car. Suppose the salesperson tells you that a car would be perfect for you because it is the
“best darn car around” and that it is “sure to get you from point A to point B.” You might first laugh in the salesperson’s face before inevitably asking “what else?” You would want to know WHY it is the “best darn car around.” The same principle applies to a cover letter. Avoid simply stating that you are the “best darn car around,” If you tell an employer that you are the best fit for the position, follow it up with proof or examples of why you stand out from the rest.
Practice, Practice, Practice Your Interviewing Skills In most cases, if an employer is interested in the cover letter and resume you submitted, they will call you in for an interview. Similar to writing an effective resume and cover letter, you will need to do some research and preparation. Depending on your industry of choice, you may even want to prepare a portfolio that includes relevant work or writing samples. It is a good idea to think of this interview in the same way that you would an interview for an entry-level job. Certain traits stand out in an interview among the candidates who are ultimately offered internships: ■ ■
■
■
They do their research on the company and bring up points of interest in the interview. They have questions for the interviewer during and after the interview. It makes a negative impression if an internship candidate has no questions. The internship is going to be a major learning experience, and it could potentially lead to a full-time job, so I expect that the candidate learn as much about the internship as possible. Asking questions also demonstrates interest and enthusiasm for the position. They appear enthusiastic about the position. This does not mean they jump up and down like a cheerleader; rather that they demonstrate sincere interest in the position through a firm handshake, positive eye contact, confident body language, and carefully thought-out responses. Last but not least, those that made an impression are the candidates who say they want the internship.
There are many publications and resources to help you prepare for the questions you may be asked at an interview. You will find loads of advice on the Internet (check the chapter in this book called Career Resources on the Internet) or at your career services office helpful for this purpose. If you have the option, it can be very helpful
26 Internships as a Way to Further Your Career
to participate in a mock interview. Often, career services staff will hold role-play sessions that allow you to practice the entire interview process.
Follow Up This is extremely important and cannot be emphasized enough. Sending a follow-up thank you letter has got to be one of the most important things you can do in your internship search. This demonstrates a very important skill to employers. Always be sure to send a letter out within 24 hours of the actual interview. Within your thank you letters, include that you enjoyed learning whatever it was you learned from the interviewer and reiterate how your skills/experience fit the position and, again, explicitly state your interest in the position. A brief typed, laser-printed letter that is presented on resume-quality paper makes a great impression.
LOCATING AN INTERNSHIP The following list of Web sites may be helpful in your search for an internship. Visit these Web sites and familiarize yourself with the players in your area of interest. You may also want to investigate various books on internships, such as the Ferguson Career Resource Guide to Internships and Summer Jobs by Carol Turkington (Facts On File, 2006). This book is a comprehensive guide to internships and summer employment opportunities in many different industries and locations.
General Internship Web Sites These are all general gateway sites that offer information on internships and jobs in a variety of different fields. You might want to start with one of these just to get an idea of the breadth of possibilities.
Cool Works http://www.coolworks.com DawgTrak http://www.career.uga.edu Inroads Inc. http://www.inroads.org/ Internship 4 America http://www.internship4america.com Internship Programs http://www.internshipprograms.com Internships.com http://www.internships.com Internships-USA http://www.internships-USA.com Intern Web http://www.internweb.com Job Doggy http://www.jobdoggy.com Job Resource http://www.jobresource.com Rising Star Internships http://www.rsinternships.com The Princeton Review http://www.princetonreview.com/cte
4 Internship http://www.4internships.com
Wet Feet http://www.wetfeet.com/advice/internships.asp
After College.com http://www.aftercollege.com
Communication/Media Internships
Campus Career Center http://www.campuscareercenter.com
The following organizations offer opportunities in various areas of communications and mass media. AAF Advertising Internships http://www.aaf.org/college/internships.html
College Grad Job Hunter http://www.collegegrad.com
Links to the 4As and international association intern programs.
CollegeRecruiter.com http://www.collegerecruiter.com
Academy of Television Arts & Sciences http://www.emmys.org/foundation/internships.php
Internships as a Way to Further Your Career 27
Provides approximately 30 paid summer internships in 27 different areas of the TV industry. More than 1,000 students apply nationwide each year. Deadline is mid-March.
The California Coastal Commission provides an extensive list of state agencies, local government, nonprofits, and work groups that have internship opportunities. Each listing has extensive information.
Ad Club of Los Angeles Summer Internships http://www.laadclub.com/job_connection/summer_ internship_program.lasso
Conservation Volunteers Program (CVP) http://www.forestry.ubc.ca/cons/CVPhome.htm
Provides an on-line internship application and placement service for students seeking summer internships in the Los Angeles area. Associated Press Internships http://www.ap.org/apjobs/index.html
Work for an Associated Press office close to home. Entertainment Industry Internships http://www.entertainmentcareers.net
This is part of the Natural Resources Conservation Program at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. Many American students might also be interested in it, and the program helps students find good employers in their discipline. Marine Conservation Biology Jobs and Internships http://www.mcbi.org/jobs.htm
Marine Conservation Biology Jobs and Internships lists good opportunities throughout the country.
Internships in film and broadcast arena.
McHenry County Conservation District—Illinois http://www.mccdistrict.org
NAB Scholarship & Internships http://www.nab.org/bcc/jobbank/Scholarships
There are 10 to 20 internships each summer (as well as a few in the fall and spring months) that cover a broad spectrum in the conservation/environmental field, from natural resource management to environmental law, to field station internships, wildlife monitoring and management, and more. There are also lots of volunteer opportunities.
Nice annotated links to associations with internships. PBS Internship Program http://www.pbs.org/aboutpbs/aboutpbs_jobs.html
Internships located in the D.C. area. Combine experience with the UCSB Washington Center Program.
Northern Prairie Science Center http://www.npwrd.usgs.gov
Turner Internship Program http://www.turner.com/jobs/internships.html
Employment opportunities are under Announcements and include some summer positions as well.
Internships in Atlanta in a variety of areas. Also see CNN programs in Chicago, D.C., and other metropolitan areas. Summer deadline is March 1st.
Orion Grassroots Network http://www.oriononline.org
Environmental Internships The following is just a sampling of the many internship opportunities available through environmental organizations. AEOE Jobs http://www.aeoe.org/jobs
This lists current job announcements for residential outdoor schools and other environmental education opportunities in California. Most of these are summer-seasonal but some may be full time. California Natural Resources Internship Directory http://www.coastal.ca.gov/publiced/directory/ resdirectory/int.html
Orion Grassroots Network Internship & Career Service wants to connect students and professionals with cuttingedge environmental work. The Orion Society offers this free service through the Orion Grassroots Network, a rapidly growing network of over 500 grassroots organizations doing vital work in their communities and home-places. Smithsonian Institute http://www.si.edu/ohr
Smithsonian has volunteer, fellowship, and internship opportunities. Student Conservation Association http://www.thesca.org
The Student Conservation Association (SCA) provides high school students and college students alike with meaningful
28 Internships as a Way to Further Your Career
conservation service internships and volunteer opportunities in our national parks, forests and other public lands. UC Davis Internship and Career Center http://www.ic.ucdavis.edu:80
Agricultural and environmental internships, and lots of helpful information. White Mountain Research Station http://www.poppy.wmds.edu
White Mountain Research Station offers three summer Internship Programs for undergraduate students.
CIA Student Trainee Program http://www.cia.gov/employment/student.html#coop
This program provides an opportunity to participate in the vital work of the Agency, to gain unmatched experience, and to become acquainted with professionals in the intelligence field. At the same time, the Agency uses the internship to assess your potential for future permanent employment. The CIA seeks highly motivated undergraduates studying a wide variety of fields, including engineering, computer science, mathematics, economics, physical science, non-Romance languages, area studies, business administration, accounting, international relations, finance, and logistics.
Government/Washington, D.C., Area Internships The following are some of the many internship opportunities available with federal government agencies. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Graduate Studies Program http://www.cia.gov/employment/student.html#grad
The Graduate Studies program looks for bright graduate students who are focusing on international affairs, languages, economics, geography, cartography, physical sciences, and engineering. Students selected for the program should be entering either their first or second year of graduate studies following this assignment. You will become acquainted with the work of professional intelligence analysts through active participation in Agency projects with the potential to have selected pieces of your work disseminated throughout the Intelligence Community. CIA Internships http://www.cia.gov/employment/student.html#int
This is a great opportunity for those interested in foreign affairs. The program is designed to give promising undergraduate students, particularly minorities and people with disabilities, the opportunity to gain practical work experience that complements their academic studies. You will be given the opportunity to work with highly-skilled professionals and see firsthand the role the CIA plays in supporting U.S. officials who make our country’s foreign policy. The CIA is interested in students majoring in computer science, finance, electrical engineering, physical science, economics, geography, non-Romance languages, international relations, national security studies, military and foreign affairs, or political science. Interns are required to work either a combination semester and summer internship or two 90-day summer internships.
CIA Undergraduate Scholar Program http://www.cia.gov/employment/student.html#usp
The Undergraduate Scholar Program has as its goal the attraction of minorities and students with disabilities. It offers the opportunity to work at the forefront of our nation’s foreign intelligence effort. You will be given meaningful work that relates to your college major. For example, a computer major will have increasingly more complex jobs involving sophisticated computer systems. An engineering major might help produce a piece of stateof-the-art equipment, work monitoring research and production contracts, or analyze the technical developments in a foreign country. Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) Academic Semester Internship Program (ASIP) http://www.dia.mil/employment/Programs/asip.html
ASIP provides promising undergraduate seniors and graduate students at universities and colleges in the Washington, D.C./Baltimore, Maryland, metropolitan area the opportunity to gain practical work experience in intelligence analysis while enrolled in classes. In addition to a 10-week summer internship program, the agency offers a limited number of academic semester internships, both paid and unpaid. Interns can also be appointed for an academic semester for a 10-15 week period, depending on the university calendar, normally from early September to early December for the fall semester and from late January through late April for the spring semester as part-time temporary employees (no more than 20 hours per week). DIA Intelligence Community Scholar Program (IC Scholar) http://www.dia.mil/employment/Programs/icsp.html
The DoD Intelligence Community (IC) Fellowship Program provides a select number of college graduates seek-
Internships as a Way to Further Your Career 29
ing a career in intelligence the opportunity to obtain a quality education that will get their career off to a successful beginning. The program allows entry-level professionals to enroll in the Master of Science of Strategic Intelligence degree program at the Joint Military Intelligence College (JMIC). The MSSI degree program includes core and elective courses in analytic methods, intelligence collection, national security policy, intelligence community organization, regional assessments, transnational issues, and military strategy. Upon completion of the thesis and attainment of the MSSI degree, IC Scholars will be placed in a permanent assignment in one of DIA’s major directorates, based on their skills and abilities. DIA Summer Intern Program http://www.dia.mil/employment/Programs/sip.html
DIA’s Summer Intern Program provides promising undergraduate juniors and seniors and graduate students the opportunity to gain practical work experience in the areas of analysis, research, report writing, oral briefings, policy development, program management, and computer applications related to the intelligence field. Interns are appointed for a 10-week period as full-time, temporary employees. While specific intern opportunities may vary from year to year based on the agency’s needs, internships that are usually available are in the following functional areas: Intelligence Analysis, Management Information Systems, Engineering, Human Resources, and Public Affairs. DIA Undergraduate Training Assistance Program (UTAP) http://www.dia.mil/employment/Programs/utap.html
A small number of high-achieving, mature and committed secondary school seniors will be offered tuition assistance to selected colleges or universities, provided challenging summer work, and guaranteed a job in their field of study upon graduation in this highly competitive program. Minorities, women, and the disabled are strongly encouraged to apply. The program is looking for students who will major in one of the following disciplines: Geography, Foreign Area Studies, and International Relations/Political Science with foreign language experience as well. National Security Agency (NSA) Cooperative Education Program http://www.nsa.gov/careers/students_2.cfm
Co-op students gain valuable experience while playing a meaningful role in the development of our nation’s secure communications or in the production of foreign intelligence. Programs are available for students majoring in
computer science and electrical or computer engineering. Right from the start, you will be involved in real-life projects and will have full use of NSA labs, equipment, and advanced technologies. In either area, the program will offer you increasing challenges and satisfying learning experiences, since our mission demands that we work on the cutting edge of technology. Students in the engineering field will be involved in the design, development, testing, and evaluation of electronic communications systems. These multi-disciplinary assignments will reach to such rapidly advancing areas as optics, lasers, acoustics, and microprocessors. Computer science majors explore the high-tech opportunities such as object-oriented methodology, multimedia, data warehousing/data mining, design/analysis development of software and systems, client/server development, networking, and Internet technology. NSA High School Gifted and Talented Program http://www.nsa.gov/careers/students_3.cfm
The Gifted and Talented Program is designed for Baltimore/Washington, D.C., metro area high school students who have demonstrated exceptional performance in math and science. If you are accepted into the program, you will be required to work 32 hours per week during the summer months following your junior and senior year. A mentor will be assigned to work with you on projects related to your areas of interest and aptitude. To qualify for the program, you must be a high school junior who has taken physics, calculus, computer programming, or an engineering course, if interested in engineering. Coursework in the area of study must be a 3.0 GPA or higher. And you must be 16 years of age by May 31 following your junior year. NSA High School Undergraduate Training Program http://www.nsa.gov/careers/students_2_1.cfm
Bring your talents and your potential to one of the country’s premier intelligence agencies. With the Undergraduate Training Program you will not only learn from exceptional NSA professionals, you can receive college tuition and have a guaranteed job with the National Security Agency after graduation. The program is open to students, particularly to minorities, but only a select few of the nation’s finest high school students will be chosen. With the Undergraduate Training Program you will attend classes full-time at your school, then work during the summer at the NSA in areas that are related to your course of study. If you are selected as a program participant, you will be required to work for the NSA after your
30 Internships as a Way to Further Your Career
college graduation for at least one-and-a-half times the length of study, usually five years. If you should leave the NSA’s employment earlier, the agency will make arrangements for you to pay back the government for your tuition and book costs. NSA High School Work Study Program http://www.nsa.gov/careers/students_3_2.cfm
For Baltimore/Washington, D.C., metro-area high school juniors with an interest and aptitude in Business Computers and Office Technology. The High School Work Study Program is designed for high school students who are enrolled in either business, computers, or office technology classes and who have plans to take part in a school-sponsored work experience program during their senior school year. If you are accepted into the program, you will be required to work a Monday through Friday schedule, no less than 20 hours per week, and no more than 32. To qualify for the Program, you must be a high school junior enrolled in either business, computers, or office technology classes, with plans to take part in a school-sponsored work experience program during your Senior school year. NSA prefers that you carry an overall “B” GPA. And you must be 16 years of age by August 31st following your Junior year. Office of the U.S. Trade Representative—Student Intern Program http://www.ustr.gov/Who_We_Are/USTR_Student_ Internship_Program.html
The student intern program at USTR is a volunteer program in which undergraduate and graduate students gain knowledge and experience on U.S. trade policy and, in many cases, earn college credit at the same time. Applications will be processed by the Intern Coordinator and circulated to senior staff to determine if there is a need for volunteer assistance. These offices include, General Counsel; Congressional Affairs; Western Hemisphere; Europe and the Mediterranean; Japan; China; Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation; World Trade Organization and Multilateral Affairs; Industry, Agricultural Affairs; Public Affairs; Intergovernmental Affairs; Environment and Natural Resources; Services, Investment, and Intellectual Property; and the Geneva headquarters. U.S. Agency for International Development—Bureau for Policy and Program Coordination (PPC) http://www.usaid.gov/about/employment/ studentprograms.htm#ppc
The Center for Development Information and Evaluation (CDIE) within PPC is seeking a summer intern to sup-
port development and maintenance of its Online Presidential Initiative Network (OPIN) system. Along with other development partners, USAID is playing a key role to implement more than a dozen Presidential Initiatives to support sustainable development worldwide. All USAID field missions (and select Washington operating units) enter key data into a Web-based survey form and quarterly progress reports are generated by OPIN’s resident database. These progress reports will be used by Agency senior management and by other U.S. government officials to assess progress and to provide prompt feedback to the White House. U.S. Agency for International Development— Global Health/Economic Growth, Agriculture and Trade http://www.usaid.gov/about/employment/ studentprograms.htm#gh
The Strategic Planning and Program Intern will work under the direction and general supervision of the Director of the Office of Strategic Planning, Budgeting and Operations (SPBO) for Bureau of Global Health (BGH). The Intern will be assigned to participate in discrete activities for the BGH, in the policy and program areas of family planning/reproductive health, maternal/child health, HIV/AIDS and other infectious diseases. The Intern will support both daily and long-term planning, program, and operational functions of the Bureau. U.S. State Department—Fascell Fellowship Program http://careers.state.gov/student/apply/fascell_ fellowship.html
A Fascell Fellowship gives you firsthand exposure to a foreign culture, while you are serving your nation. Typically, your duties may involve substantive administrative, consular, political/economic or public diplomacy responsibilities. Most fellowships are intended for, but not limited to, teachers, scholars, academics, and graduates of advanced-level programs focused on Eastern Europe, Slavic, or Mandarin languages. U.S. State Department—Student Intern http://careers.state.gov/student
The Department is looking for students with a broad range of majors, such as business or public administration, social work, economics, information management, journalism, and the biological and physical and engineering sciences, as well as those majors more traditionally identified with international affairs. Assignments can be both in the USA and overseas.
Internships as a Way to Further Your Career 31
U.S. State Department—Thomas R. Pickering Graduate Foreign Affairs Fellowship (FAF) http://www.woodrow.org/public-policy/graduate_ foreign_affairs_fello.html
The Graduate FAF Program provides fellowship funding to participants as they are prepared academically and professionally to enter the United States Department of State Foreign Service. Women, members of minority groups historically underrepresented in the Foreign Service, and students with financial need are encouraged to apply. The program is looking for students who will be in master’s degree programs in public policy, international affairs, public administration, or academic fields such as business, economics, political science, sociology, or foreign languages, who represent all ethnic, racial, and social backgrounds, and who have an interest in pursuing a Foreign Service career in the U.S. Department of State. White House—Presidential Management Intern (PMI) Program http://www.hhs.gov/ohr/pmi/
For the past 25 years, the Presidential Management Intern (PMI) Program has been attracting outstanding master’s and doctoral-level students to the Federal service. The PMI Program is your passport to a unique and rewarding career experience with the federal government. It provides you with an opportunity to apply the knowledge you acquired from graduate study. As a PMI, your assignments may involve domestic or international issues, technology, science, criminal justice, health, financial management, and many other fields in support of public service programs.
Europe, Israel, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Russia, Singapore). Students at CIEE member institutions, participants in CIEE programs, and students at institutions that sell ISIC cards are eligible. Application deadlines are twice a year, typically in October and March or early April. Cross Cultural Solutions http://www.crossculturalsolutions.org
Cross-Cultural Solutions is a not-for-profit international volunteer organization that operates volunteer programs in Brazil, China, Costa Rica, Ghana, Guatemala, India, Peru, Russia, Tanzania, and Thailand. Find out how to become an international volunteer. The Electronic Embassy http://www.embassy.org
This site contains links to the home pages of all U.S.-based embassies. Many countries provide cultural and educational exchange information, as well as essential information for travel and work (visas, etc.) on their sites. Note, however, that these sites rarely mention the internship, volunteer, and work exchange programs found in the other resources mentioned here. ForeignCareers.com http://www.foreigncareers.com
For interesting, paid positions abroad where your talents are recognized, click on the newest international job search Web site. There are over 1,400 international positions with 250+ U.S. and European companies with locations throughout the world (literally). You can view it for free or become a paid subscriber, enabling you to receive a weekly newsletter for a $1/week subscription fee.
International Internships The following is a sampling of internship opportunities that can take you around the globe.
Fulbright Scholarships and Teaching Programs http://www.iie.org/fulbright
This Web site lists overseas internship and volunteer programs, including options for premed and other health sciences—see International Health Opportunities section. This site includes an excellent online guide to fund-raising, Creative Funding Guide, which is useful for all students.
All the Fulbright programs—official exchange programs for teaching, study, or research—are described here; Fulbright Student programs (including scholarships and English Teaching Assistantships) are for graduating seniors, graduate students, and alumni; Fulbright Scholar programs are for university faculty and international education administrators. The Fulbright Teacher Exchange is for currently employed K–12 and community college teachers.
Council Bowman Scholarship http://www.ciee.org
GoAbroad.com http://www.goabroad.com
CIEE’s undergraduate scholarship funds the cost of airfare and can be used for study, work, volunteering, or research in developing countries (i.e. excluding Australia, Canada,
A very comprehensive and up-to-date Web site with excellent search provisions. The site’s design allows continuous updates by program providers. Most listings give
American Medical Student Association http://www.amsa.org
32 Internships as a Way to Further Your Career
extensive information. Search possible by country or subject. Provides addresses, telephone numbers, and email addresses for all programs and links to Web sites for some programs. Listings also bring up country-specific travel information. One of the best sites for those looking for a broad range of education abroad options. Heritage Foundation http://www.heritage.org/About/Internships
Students can apply to intern in the following departments: Asian Studies, Coalition Relations, Domestic Policy, Educational Affairs, the Executive Offices, Foreign Policy, Government Relations, Lectures and Seminars, and Public Relations. Institute of International Education—Fulbright Scholarships http://www.iie.org
Sponsored by the United States Department of State, Fulbright provides funds for students, scholars, and professionals to undertake graduate study, advanced research, university teaching, and teaching in elementary and secondary schools. International Careers http://www.4icj.com
Worldwide directory of quality job sites and career resources covering 190 countries and including more than 1000 selected sites classified according to 18 categories. Institute of International Education http://www.iie.org
IIE publishes some of the best hard-copy directories of scholarships for overseas opportunities, which include grants for all levels of students as well as for postdoctorates and professionals. IIE’s databases are available on its site. Search terms “work,” “internship,” “practical,” “teach,” “research” all yield a good number of listings. Full texts are available only to those at IIE member institutions with password provided by IIE (for password, email:
[email protected]). Or, use the search with book in hand; most college libraries have these books.
some of which offer academic credit, and has extensive links to relevant resources. Internships Abroad http://www.internshipsabroad.com/internship.html
Internships and summer work opportunities in Australia, Greece, and the United Kingdom. Internships Available to U.S. Naval Academy Midshipmen http://www.usna.edu/PoliticalScience/internships
Service in various government agencies and departments such as the DIA. Minority International Research Training Grant (MIRT) http://www.nih.gov/fic/programs/mirt.html
Program of the Fogarty International Center/National Institutes of Health sends minority undergraduates and medical students abroad to do health-related research. Apply through one of the centers listed. National Association of Financial Aid Administrators http://www.finaid.org
Site of the main U.S. professional association for financial aid administrators. Search using terms such as “study abroad” or “work abroad.” National Defense Council Foundation http://www.ndcf.org/Interns/Intern.html
NDCF interns have gone on to careers on Capitol Hill, the Central Intelligence Agency, the Defense Intelligence Agency, the Department of Defense, the U.S. Armed Forces, major defense contracting/research & analysis firms, and several other high profile agencies in the Nation’s capital. Interns will receive a small daily stipend of $7.50 to cover transportation costs. Hours are flexible; during the school year, interns work 16 hours a week, and up to 40 hours/week are expected in the summer. The NDCF office, located in historic downtown Alexandria is a convenient five-minute walk from the King Street Metro stop.
International Volunteer Programs Association (IVPA) http://www.volunteerinternational.org
Reference Service Press, Financial Aid for Study and Training Abroad and Financial Aid for Research and Creative Activities Abroad http://www.rspfunding.com
IVPA is a professional association for administrators of international volunteer programs, as well as advisers and students interested in this type of international experience. The site lists programs for volunteering abroad,
RSP publishes some of the best hard-copy directories of scholarships for overseas opportunities, which include grants for all levels of students as well as for postdoctorates and professionals. Its databases are available to
Internships as a Way to Further Your Career 33
America Online subscribers (keyword RSP), or through some university libraries to their own students. Rotary Foundation Ambassadorial Scholarships http://www.rotary.org
The Rotary Foundation provides the largest single U.S. scholarship program for study abroad. Scholarships are available for all levels of study, from high school, undergraduate, and graduate students to alumni and professionals. These are generally not for use with study abroad programs sponsored by U.S. institutions. The application is possible only through local Rotary Clubs. Deadlines (locally determined) may be as much as one and onehalf years in advance. The Web site provides scholarship information and lists Rotary clubs worldwide. Studyabroad.com http://www.studyabroad.com
This site’s databases list approximately 5,000 programs. It has special databases for language courses and experiential programs. Information is limited to location and subjects (does not provide cost information, for example). It does contain addresses, phone numbers, email addresses, and links to program Web sites for only some programs. Search by country, academic subject, or both, but no other variables. The Student Guide to Financial Aid http://www.ed.gov/proginfo/SFA/StudentGuide
These are sites for the federal government’s official guide to financial aid (which can be used only for academic study, including study-internship or study-volunteer programs). Transitions Abroad http://www.transitionsabroad.com
Here you will find extensive directories (not databases) for internships, research, teaching, volunteering and work abroad programs, as well as study abroad and summer programs. There are links to many useful sites. Information on both academic and nonacademic internships. See also The World at Your Fingertips, http://www.cie.uci. edu/~cie/world, which is not a directory, but an instructional site—how students and advisers can use the Internet to research options for education abroad. University of Michigan, International Center’s Overseas Opportunities Office http://www.umich.edu/~icenter/overseas
This is not a database, but a collection of articles, annotated links, and print resources for study, work, and travel abroad, including in-depth reports on work abroad options—the most singular feature of this site. U.S. State Department http://www.state.gov
While not a directory of programs, this site provides essential information from the diplomatic branch of the U.S. government for everything from travel safety advisories to crisis assistance for U.S. citizens abroad and contact information for all U.S. embassies and consulates. It also lists foreign embassies and consulates in the U.S. The Department of State offers 1,000 internships annually as well as career positions. Country background notes, travel advisories, and countless other articles make this site one of the most valuable sources of international information on the Web. Other frequently consulted parts of this very comprehensive Web site include Travel Warnings and Information, Travel Tips for Students, Services for U.S. Citizens Abroad, Passport Services, Publications, and Background Notes (country information).
Transitions Abroad magazine is unique in its coverage of all education abroad options, from study and work abroad to educational travel. The online version includes annotated guides to resources and country-by-country listings of programs for study, work, internships, volunteering, language study, etc. Includes up-to-date list of short-term employers worldwide. Search functions available for entire site. The major sections of this site include Study Abroad, Work Abroad, International Travel, and Living Abroad Resources.
U.S. State Department “International Information Programs” http://www.usinfo.state.gov
University of California–Irvine, International Opportunities Program http://www.cie.uci.edu/~cie/iop
This site, by an expert on work abroad formerly at Harvard University, provides an excellent overview of working abroad, including internships, teaching, and volunteering,
This site is located within the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. Official information about Fulbright and other U.S.-sponsored programs for study, research, and teaching abroad is available. Washington and Lee University, Office of International Education http://internationaleducation.wlu.edu
34 Internships as a Way to Further Your Career
with links to hundreds of programs. Good section on study opportunities.
CoolWorks http://www.coolworks.com
Woodrow Wilson International Fellowship Foundation http://www.woodrow.org/public-policy
Check out jobs in places others only dream about. This site boasts about over 21,000 listings in national parks, recreational areas, and more. Most but not all are seasonal..
Here you will find information on several multi-year scholarship-internship programs for students, especially women and minorities, interested in careers in international affairs.
SeasonalEmployment.com http://www.SeasonalEmployment.com
This site serves seasonal employers and job hunters! WorldTeach http://www.worldteach.org
This site contains ideas for non-traditional fund-raising. WorkAway.Info http://www.workaway.info
Work abroad, learn about local cultures, improve a language, develop new skills, and make new friends.
Seasonal Employment The following organizations are good sources of information on temporary seasonal employment.
Summer Jobs http://www.summerjobs.com
SummerJobs.com offers summer jobs and seasonal staff positions with camps, resorts, national parks, hotels, environmental organizations, and more. Check for fees. You may have to become a member.
WORKPLACE ETIQUETTE
H
aving a firm understanding of workplace etiquette is essential to a positive apprenticeship experience. What defines proper etiquette may vary somewhat depending upon the specific type of work you are doing and the environment in which it is done, but some general guidelines will help you put your best foot forward in all situations. You will be able to develop more productive and professional work relationships; mutual feelings of respect between coworkers and supervisors; improved self-esteem; increased trust in the workplace; effective problem-solving skills on the job; and good teamwork. All of this will result in an increased likelihood of good performance reviews, promotions, and career development. You’re probably thinking, “But what constitutes proper etiquette in my job?” It’s true that expectations for behavior used to be much more standardized. This was great for preventing confusion because everyone knew what was expected. Now standards are all over the map. Employees at many companies dress casually even when meeting important clients; personal and professional boundaries blur; and the company cafeteria sometimes looks more like a living room, with workers slouched in their seats, staring at television screens. Etiquette experts say that the result of poor workplace etiquette is miscommunication, and miscommunication results in lost business and, ultimately, lost jobs. Using proper business etiquette when you are at work will show your boss and your peers that you value your job. Many employers report that they want employees who are ready and eager to learn, show respect, and take their job commitment seriously. While jobs in today’s economy require that employees be able to solve problems, use technology, and be proficient in reading, writing, math, and speaking skills, it is the so-called soft skills, i.e., professional etiquette, that seem to make the difference in whether or not an employer hires and keeps someone on the job following an apprenticeship or internship. Specifically, employers want employees who display positive social skills, including a strong work ethic, self-
discipline, self-respect, a friendly demeanor, and reliability. Employers expect and demand professionalism from their employees. Apprentices, students, and interns need to be responsible for their behavior and performance on the job. This includes communicating needs, following through on commitments, following directions, and learning as much as they can about the work environment and the job.
WHERE TO START—GENERAL GUIDELINES ■
■
■
Practice the golden rule. Treat others as you would like to be treated and you will likely go a long way. Make a good first impression. In a job interview or when meeting a client for the first time, your behavior and how you’re dressed create lasting impressions, regardless of future interactions. Use good manners. Manners help to smooth difficult interactions and make simple interactions more pleasant. They facilitate open communication, problem solving, and an environment of trust and respect. Promotions and raises are likely to be denied to employees who are consistently rude to superiors, subordinates, peers, and customers. This is in part because poor manners can be distracting and can cause productivity and work relationships to suffer. Refrain from yelling across the office or snooping in another employee's desk, or gossiping about people at work.
Some workplace issues arise in just about any kind of environment. These include communication issues, specifically in regard to the telephone and e-mail; dress code issues; concerns about communal space; maintaining personal/professional boundaries; and working in a mixed-gender environment. 35
36 Workplace Etiquette
COMMUNICATION
E-mail ■
The Telephone The telephone still reigns supreme in most offices, despite the rise of e-mail. And while cell phones, instant messaging, and e-mail have encouraged us to loosen our ties when it comes to non-face-to-face communication, there are still some courtesies worth keeping:
■
■ ■ ■
■
■
■
■
■
■
Answer your phone nicely and identify who you are. If you have to put someone on hold, ask to do so first. Don't just say, "Hold, please," and throw them into silence. If you have an office with a door, close the door if you're going to have a conversation that is long and/or personal. Better yet, just avoid if at all possible that long, private conversation while you're at work. And definitely avoid having it on a speakerphone. A speakerphone is a great convenience when several people need to participate in a conference call. But in a two-person conversation, it often annoys or offends the person whose voice is being broadcast, particularly if he or she hasn’t been told the speaker is being used. Use it only when necessary and avoid using it with a client or in a cubicle. When you’re in the process of leaving a voice mail, focus on the message. Don’t read your e-mail, apply your makeup, or try to catch the attention of someone passing by your office. When using a cellular phone, stay in areas where you won’t disturb others, and keep your voice as quiet as possible. If you are in a restaurant, try to remove yourself from the dining area to a quiet corner of the room so as not to bother others. If you are on a train, plane, or some form of mass transit and must take or make a call, keep it as short and discreet as possible. Don’t wait outside a coworker’s office or cubicle waiting for him or her to finish up a phone call. Leave and try again later; leave a note, or call and make an appointment to talk. Don’t listen in on coworkers’ phone conversations. If you share office space or are in an adjacent cubicle, this may be unavoidable, but try to keep busy while the person is talking and never comment on what you have overheard.
■
■ ■
■
■
■
■
■
■
Consider the importance of the message when deciding whether to send e-mail as opposed to talking to someone in person. Human warmth is difficult to convey in e-mail. Word your messages carefully, remembering that your e-mail message may be easily misinterpreted. E-mail should not include subject matter you’d be uncomfortable having anyone else see. Save funny remarks and jokes to use in a face-toface meeting. Be as polite as possible, avoiding the use of slang or jargon. Make sure that your message is succinct. You will be judged by the quality of your words. Be direct yet polite in your message. Say what you mean, mean what you say, and refrain from swearing. E-mail reflects the individual sending it. Since job performance may be evaluated on the quality of your communication skills, you should always present your best work. It only takes a minute to check spelling, grammar, and punctuation. Also, be sure that your e-mail messages are properly formatted. You don’t want others outside of your organization to receive messages that are hard to decipher. Respect the privacy of others’ e-mail. Just as you would not trespass into someone’s desk drawers or files, neither should you read their e-mail. Any time you send or receive an e-mail message, remember that a record of it remains. In some states, e-mail messages are now being used as evidence in courts of law. When you’re crafting a message, you should consider not only who is going to read it today, but who might read it a year from now. Although directed to one person or a group, email can easily be forwarded to others. Employees should be aware that their employers can and sometimes do monitor e-mail correspondence. In fact, people have been fired for inappropriately using company e-mail. Don’t “shout.” Messages written in all capital letters are not only hard to read but, perhaps more importantly, messages in all capital letters will be interpreted by others as conveying anger or a harsh tone. Proofread your message before sending. Check to see that you’ve attached the correct files. Be
Workplace Etiquette 37
■
■
■
sure to double check the TO: and CC: address lines carefully when addressing and responding to e-mail messages. As a rule of thumb, send information to the people who need to know, rather than to everyone on the original distribution list. Identify the subject accurately and succinctly. Some say that the most important part of any e-mail message is the subject line. That’s because those few descriptive words and your name are often the only clues a recipient has to prioritize new e-mail messages. Be succinct but informative when describing your message, and heed one note of caution. Writing “important” in the subject line might not always get priority attention because the other messages in the in-box are probably important, too. Instead, use descriptive subjects such as “Q1 Status Report 2/19” which delivers a great deal of information in a small amount of space. Be direct. E-mail makes it easy to efficiently communicate important information, especially when you craft messages using bullets and short paragraphs. The more succinct you are, the more likely it is that your message will be read, understood, and acted upon. Reviewing and editing you e-mail messages will improve your communication and help you clarify issues. Delete outdated messages. If you find yourself beginning to accumulate hundreds of messages in your in-box or worse yet in multiple folders, stop. Take a moment, perhaps at the end of every month, and delete outdated messages. Keeping only the e-mail messages you need will make you and your network more efficient.
Voicemail ■ ■ ■
■
Keep your outgoing message current. If you are going to be out of the office, indicate this in your message. If you will be away for an extended period of time, state your anticipated date of return, whether or not you’ll be retrieving messages during your absence, and an alternate contact if you will not be returning messages. When you are the caller, specify the purpose of your call rather than simply saying, “Please give
■
me a call.” This way, the person you are calling will know the purpose and can prepare a response in case he or she reaches your voicemail. While identifying yourself when leaving your message, speak clearly, pausing between your first and last name. State your phone number slowly at the beginning of your message, repeating it at the end.
Instant Messaging While this technology can really speed up communication between team members, it can also be a constant source of nonstop pop-up irritation. If you and your coworkers are going to make use of instant messaging, be sure to set some ground rules first.
APPEARANCE If you want to be taken seriously, dress the part. You will have to find out exactly what that entails at your particular job since this varies greatly from one place to another, but the basic tenet is the same across the board: dress for success, however your workplace defines success. You may have to wear a uniform, but this doesn’t mean you can ignore your appearance. Whether you are wearing a uniform or an outfit of your own choosing, the clothes should not be ripped or torn but clean and neat; you should always wear shoes; and you should shower regularly.
COMMUNAL SPACES Unless you’re a full-time telecommuter, you probably share some measure of space with other people in your workplace. This could mean an office, assembly line, restroom, kitchen, cafeteria, copy room, conference room, or all of the above. So please, be courteous and respectful. ■ ■
■
■
Don’t take the last cup of coffee without making more. Never say anything—out loud, in an instant message, or in e-mail—that you would not want someone else to know. Regarding bathroom conversations, you never know who is in the stall next to you or how your voice echoes into the other gender's bathroom or other offices. Say “please” and “thank you” routinely. It makes for a more polite and pleasant environment.
38 Workplace Etiquette
PERSONAL/PROFESSIONAL BOUNDARIES ■
■
■
■
■
■ ■
■
■
If you have to conduct personal business during the workday, save it for lunchtime. If making toll calls, pay for them using your personal phone/ credit card. Don’t use the resources to which you have access for personal business without permission. Company fax, letterhead, and office supplies are for office use only. Refrain from using vulgarities and swear words. Profanity is rude and never appropriate in the workplace. Avoid crying, shouting, or allowing yourself other emotional outbursts. If you’re uncontrollably sad or angry, close your office door, go in the restroom, or otherwise seclude yourself until you’ve regained your composure. Don’t groom yourself in public. Personal hygiene is just that—personal—and should be done in the restroom or before leaving home. If possible, avoid coming to work sick to prevent spreading your illness to others. Don’t ask coworkers personal questions regarding finances, marital/relationship status, or about employment issues such as promotions and salary. Don’t ask a subordinate to do personal chores such as buying a personal gift or running an errand unless these terms were established at the time of hiring. If you are asked to do something that’s not a regular part of your job, you might say, “I don’t feel comfortable doing that, since it’s not a part of my job.” Since many of us spend a substantial portion of our time at work, we tend to form personal and professional relationships. Be cautious, as this may create conflict. Define the boundary between you and coworkers with whom you are friendly in order to behave appropriately at work.
■
■
Pick up after yourself. Keep your work area neat, and remember to return the supplies you may have used in copy or break rooms to their appropriate place. Respect others’ cubicle/office space. Generally, the lack of privacy is stressful enough without the interference of managers and other coworkers treating some one else’s work space as their own. Be courteous and always announce your arrival, even in cubicles.
MEN AND WOMEN AS COLLEAGUES ■ ■ ■
■
■
■
Whoever gets to the door first should open it for those who follow. Whoever is closest to the elevator door should enter or exit first. Both men and women should rise to greet a client, office guest, or anyone they’re meeting for the first time. Both genders should offer to shake the hand of an office visitor, client, or someone they’re meeting for the first time. Since many men were reared to believe it was improper to initiate a handshake with a woman, sometimes women must give men a hand (literally) and initiate the handshake. At a business lunch, a woman should not expect a male companion to pull out her chair for her, nor should he feel compelled to do so. Whoever invites a colleague or client to a business lunch pays for it. A woman dining with a man is usually asked by the waiter for her order first. If a woman has extended the invitation and will be paying for the bill, she can simply say to the waiter, “I’d like my guest to order first.” This informs the waiter who should receive the check, and she has put her guest at ease by confirming that lunch is on her.
PART III
DIRECTORY
APPRENTICESHIPS BY CAREER FIELD
AGRICULTURAL WORKERS RELATED SECTIONS: farriers, herbalists, crafts and trades workers at living historical sites and farms
Agricultural workers have careers that are tied to the land. Some, such as farmers and botanists, work with a variety of plants and animals. Others, such as horticulturists, have a specialty. Farmers and farm managers raise crops, poultry, dairy cows, and livestock. A farm can be a small, family operation or a large agribusiness with one hundred or more employees. Some farmers own their land, while others, called tenant farmers, rent it. Some farms produce specialty products, such as sod, flower bulbs, or produce grown in hothouses. Turf managers produce, install, and maintain grass for parks, athletic fields, golf courses, and similar settings. Herbalists grow plants that have medicinal or culinary value, or they harvest plants in the wild. Landscape architects incorporate bushes, trees, flowers, and other plants in land-use designs for shopping centers, parks, residential yards, and other settings. Horticulturists work with various types of plants, including ornamentals, vegetables, and fruits, and they may find work with landscape companies, florists, garden centers, and public gardens. Botanists study all types of plants. Foresters and conservation scientists manage and protect natural resources, including woodlands, streams, wilderness areas, and parks. Animal caretakers feed, water, bathe, groom, and exercise animals and keep their cages or pens clean. Agricultural workers who raise crops—such as hay, grain, cotton, vegetables, or fruit—spend their time plowing, planting, cultivating, irrigating, fertilizing, and harvesting. The crops must be stored or packaged, sold, and shipped after the harvest. On farms and ranches where animals are raised, workers provide the animals with feed, water, shelter, and other necessities. They also keep pens and buildings clean, supervise breeding, and may participate in the sale of animals and animal products, such as eggs and milk. They may also participate in butchering. The trade often involves work with machinery, building fences, repairing buildings, and keeping financial accounts. Much of the work is done outdoors and in all types of weather. The profit margin on a farm is greatly affected by price fluctuations, weather, plant and animal diseases, and other factors that might be beyond the farmer’s control. Farm managers must develop strategies to cope with these uncertainties; they often keep detailed records and sometimes use computers to help plan the year’s activities. Owners of small and midsize farms face competition from the increasing number of large farms; many of these
smaller operations have not generated sufficient income in recent years. The owners of such enterprises often seek supplemental income from nonfarm activities. Many agricultural workers risk health problems from working with toxic herbicides and insecticides. They also may be injured while working with machinery or animals. The work is often seasonal on farms and in greenhouses, but during the growing season employees might work from sunrise to sunset. Operations that involve animals require year-round work; the owner of a small dairy farm, for example, might not be able to leave it often, because the cows must be milked twice each day. Agricultural workers held about 795,000 jobs in 2002. Of these, farmworkers were the most numerous, holding 670,000 jobs. Graders and sorters held 49,000 jobs, agricultural inspectors 16,000 jobs, and agricultural equipment operators 61,000 jobs. Approximately 69 percent of all agricultural workers worked for crop and livestock producers, while almost 5 percent worked for agricultural service providers, mostly farm labor contractors. On-the-job training and apprenticeships are traditional ways of entering agricultural occupations, although study at vocational schools and colleges is becoming more common as farming and related trades become more complex. Most animal caretakers enter the profession via onthe-job training. Apprentices are apt to receive instruction in subjects such as business, economics, marketing, environmental considerations, the handling of tools and machinery, plant propagation, weed and insect control, genetic engineering, plant identification, farm production, and harvesting techniques. In general an applicant should ■ ■ ■
■
apply in person be at least 18 years old be a high school graduate or hold a GED certificate be physically able to handle the work
APPRENTICESHIP SALARIES About 30 percent of the average income of skilled workers.
POSTAPPRENTICESHIP SALARIES From $6 an hour, up to $13 an hour. Median hourly earnings of the more numerous farmworkers in crops, nurser43
44 Agricultural Workers
ies, and greenhouses were $7.24 in 2002. The middle 50 percent earned between $6.85 and $8.37 an hour, while the lowest 10 percent earned less than $6.24 and the highest 10 percent earned more than $10.32. Median hourly earnings for farmworkers who work with livestock were $8.22. The middle 50 percent earned between $6.98 and $10.32 an hour, while the lowest 10 percent earned less than $6.27 and the highest 10 percent earned more than $13.01. Earnings vary widely, depending on the occupation, the weather, the size of the farm or other enterprise, geographic location, and the worker’s experience.
JOB OUTLOOK Employment of agricultural workers is projected to grow more slowly than the average for all occupations through 2012, which reflects the lack of expansion in opportunities for farmworkers. The employment growth is expected to be slow due to the continued consolidation of farms and technological advancements in farm equipment. Job opportunities will remain abundant, however, as a result of the physical demands of the work, the low wages, and the high job turnover. Nursery and greenhouse workers should have the most rapid job growth, reflecting the increasing demand for landscaping services. For more information on apprenticeships for agricultural workers, contact the national organizations and individual programs listed below, local job centers, your state bureau of apprenticeship training, county extension services, or local agricultural enterprises.
NATIONAL PROGRAMS Agricomm 5108 Carriage Pointe Court Crestwood, KY 40014 502-243-0302
[email protected] http://agricomm.com Occupational Fields: farmer, horse trainer, farrier Alliance for Sustainability 1521 University Avenue S.E. Minneapolis, MN 55414 612-331-1099 Fax: 612-379-1527
[email protected] http://allianceforsustainability.net Occupational Fields: farmer, alternative energy specialist
Alternative Farming System Information Center— National Agricultural Library 10301 Baltimore Avenue, Room 132 Beltsville, MD 20705-2351 301-504-6559 Fax: 301-504-6409
[email protected] http://www.nal.usda.gov/afsic Occupational Fields: farmer American Association of Botanical Gardens and Arboreta (AABGA) 100 West 10th Street, Suite 614 Wilmington, DE 19801 302-655-7100 Fax: 302-655-8100 http://www.aabga.org Occupational Fields: nursery manager Liberal Arts Career Network Intern Center, Bowdoin College 4900 College Station Brunswick, ME 04011-8440 207-725-3721 Fax: 207-725-3757 Occupational Fields: farmer Multinational Exchange for Sustainable Agriculture (MESA) 5245 College Avenue #508 Oakland, CA 94618 510-654-8858 Fax: 603-699-2459 http://www.mesaprogram.org Occupational Fields: farmer National Center for Appropriate Technology (NCAT) PO Box 3838 Butte, MT 59702 800-ASK-NCAT
[email protected] http://www.attra.ncat.org Occupational Fields: alternative energy specialist National FFA Organization The National FFA Center PO Box 68690 Indianapolis, IN 46268-0960 317-802-6060 Fax: 317-802-6061
Agricultural Workers 45
http://www.ffa.org Occupational Fields: farmer National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service PO Box 3657 Fayetteville, AR 72702 800-346-9140 (English) 800-411-3222 (Spanish) http://www.attra.ncat.org Occupational Fields: farmer The New England Small Farm Institute 275 Jackson St. Belchertown, MA 01007 413-323-4531
[email protected] http://www.smallfarm.org/newoof/newoof.html Occupational Fields: farmer Organic Volunteers 509-991-5994
[email protected] http://www.organicvolunteers.com
APPRENTICESHIP PROFILE Casey Farm Organic Farming Apprenticeship Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities 2325 Boston Neck Road Saunderstown, RI 02874-3820 401-295-1030 http://spnea.org/visit/homes/casey.htm
General Nature of the Job An organic farming apprentice learns about planting, growing, and harvesting fruits, vegetables, and flowers without the use of pesticides or harmful chemicals. Farming is a physically laborious job and is definitely not for couch potatoes. Count on being outdoors in all kinds of weather and getting dirty. To succeed, you must be committed and detail oriented; if you aren’t, plants may die and there goes your livelihood. Listening skills are crucial so you can carry out instructions correctly. You need to have work initiative (nobody is going to pick the beans for you), and also be able to work closely with others, since farming is not a solo effort. Casey Farm’s apprenticeship program runs from April through October, coinciding with the growing season. Casey Farm is in Rhode Island and has certified organic crops, hay fields, pastures, greenhouses, and animals. They run programs for school children and a community-
supported agriculture (CSA) program, where members contribute fees and volunteer hours in exchange for fresh produce. Apprentices work and live on the farm and learn all aspects of farm production. At the beginning of the season, much time is spent in the greenhouse mixing soil, seeding flats, and potting plants. Once the chance of frost diminishes, it’s time to head outdoors. Every day is filled with activity, whether it’s spreading compost, planting, tilling the soil, or harvesting.
Typical Day Leslie Goldberg rolls out of bed before 7:00 am. The farm manager reviews the daily list of tasks. Today they will weed the carrots. Leslie, her two fellow apprentices, and the farm managers grab scuffle hoes and head out to weed down long rows of carrots. While it’s repetitious and monotonous, Leslie knows they’ll focus on something new tomorrow. At lunch they discuss the afternoon tasks. Leslie will transplant flowers from the smaller garden while someone else moves the cows to graze in a different field. Leslie has animal duty this week, so at 4:00 p.m. she puts her tools away and feeds the pigs, cows, and horses. Dinner is at 6:00 p.m., so she finishes in time to get cleaned up. This routine continues Monday through Saturday, leaving little leisure time. Leslie says farming is the hardest work she’s ever done. She is always outside, in the dirt, and on her feet or bending over. Farming can be dangerous, especially if machinery or animals are involved, the weather is unpredictable, and she won’t receive recognition, but for Leslie the benefits outweigh the drawbacks: “It can be really boring, but there’s a lot of rewarding things, too. It’s just such an amazing experience to see how things grow, and you’re so much more connected with the land and the processes of nature.”
Path to Becoming an Apprentice Leslie took a roundabout route to organic farming. She always loved the outdoors, participating in 4-H, camping with her family, and tending her grandparents’ garden. As a cultural anthropology major at the University of California at Santa Barbara, Leslie became interested in self-sufficient cultures that live off the land, but she still didn’t consider farming a viable career option. After college Leslie worked as a medical secretary and taught English in Hungary. There she assessed her future goals, and the idea of farming as a career began to develop. “I realized that I really wanted to do something more with gardening and farming. I had always thought, ‘well, that’s not really a career. I can’t really do that.’ I was always pursuing other things with farming in the back
46 Agricultural Workers
of my mind, and then when I was in Hungary I decided, well, why not,” she explains. Leslie began researching organic farming and learned about the six-month ecological horticulture program at the University of California at Santa Cruz (UCSC). She applied and landed on the waiting list. UCSC suggested she look into the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Appropriate Technology Transfer for Rural Areas (ATRA) program, which produces a listing of organic farms offering apprenticeship programs. Through ATRA Leslie learned about Casey Farm’s program.
Salary Range As an apprentice at Casey Farm, Leslie receives a weekly stipend of $60 before taxes, plus room and board. College credit is also available. Casey Farm has workers’ compensation and liability insurance but doesn’t offer medical insurance. Organic farming is a relatively young industry, and the range of salaries can vary from $5 an hour to hundreds of thousands a year, depending on the success of the farm. Many farmers attempting to establish themselves take part-time jobs to supplement their income. Leslie isn’t worried, because there are plenty of options, including organic landscaping, consulting, teaching, planning gardens for public schools, garden therapy, and more. If she chooses to have her own farm, she can plant higher value crops or follow market trends and sell cut flowers and herbs, which bring in more money and are less labor intensive than, say, onions. “The opportunities are endless. You just have to be imaginative and persistent,” Leslie states. As the increasingly health-conscious public learns more about the negative effects of pesticides, Leslie predicts the demand for organic produce will increase and give rise to more organic farms. With the right farmers’ market, a good location for a farm, and effective marketing, Leslie feels there is ample opportunity for success.
Advice If you are interested in organic farming, Leslie cannot emphasize the importance of an apprenticeship program enough. She had minimal knowledge of organic farming before the apprenticeship and can think of no better way to find out if it’s the right career path for you. “It’s the best way to jump right in. If you hated it you could go on and you wouldn’t have gone through four years of school or different programs and then realized it’s not what you want to do,” Leslie asserts. A green thumb doesn’t hurt if you want to become a farmer, but an avid interest and dedication are what will carry you far. Leslie spent years in offices and commuter
traffic and wondered, “do I want to make a lot of money and be unhappy, or do I want to make some money and do something I feel is important and make some sort of difference that leaves me fulfilled at the end of the day.”
Future Goals Casey Farm taught Leslie the basics of organic farming and left her with an appetite for more. She will attend the ecological horticulture program at UCSC, and when she graduates she will have a certificate and be ready to start her own farm. Fellow students may continue on to graduate school for agriculture degrees, but Leslie is anxious to embark on her career. She envisions owning a small farm and selling at farmers’ markets. Eventually, she would like to have a larger farm and maybe a store with a greenhouse and garden.
ALABAMA Edmundite Missions Corps 1428 Broad Street Selma, AL 36701 334-872-2359 Fax: 334-875-8189
[email protected] http://www.edmunditemissions.org Occupational Fields: farmer, market gardener
ARIZONA Al-Marah Arabians 4101 North Bear Canyon Road Tucson, AZ 85749-8640 520-749-1162 Occupational Fields: horse trainer Native Seeds/SEARCH 2150 North Alvernon Way Tucson, AZ 85712-3153 520-327-9123 Occupational Fields: farmer
ARKANSAS Dripping Springs Garden 1558 CR 548 Huntsville, AR 72740 870-545-3658
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, herbs, flowers, berries), herbalist
Agricultural Workers 47
Silver Hill Farms RR 1, Box 163 St. Joe, AR 72675 870-439-2081
[email protected] http://www.silverhillfarms.com Occupational Fields: farmer
CALIFORNIA Ananda Marga Lake Hughes Peach Farm and Meditation Center 42310 Lake Hughes Road Lake Hughes, CA 93532 661-724-1161 Fax: 661-724-0852
[email protected] http://www.amps.org/us/ca/peachfarm Occupational Fields: farmer (peach and cherry orchards, vegetables, melons) Apple Farm, The 18501 Greenwood Road Philo, CA 05477 707-895-2333
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (apple orchards, vegetables, flowers, rabbits, goats, poultry, pigs) Arboretum Farm 1662 Dwight Way Berkeley, CA 94703 510-841-5699 Occupational Fields: farmer (apples and goats) California Certified Organic Farmers 1115 Mission Street Santa Cruz, CA 95060 831-423-2263 Fax: 831-423-4528
[email protected] http://www.ccof.org Occupational Fields: farmer California Superior Inc. 27199 West Gun Road Gustine, CA 95322 209-854-9595 Occupational Fields: farmer, pest control specialist
Camp Joy 131 Camp Joy Road Boulder Creek, CA 95006 408-338-3651 Occupational Fields: farmer Chris Sorenson Packaging Company PO Box 815 Parlier, CA 93648 209-646-2644 Fax: 209-646-3649 Occupational Fields: inventory control clerk Claudia’s Organic Herbs PO Box 233 Orleans, CA 95556 530-627-3712
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (herbs, vegetables, berries, apples, cherries, figs, wine grapes) Clover Creek Family Farm PO Box 637 Upper Lake, CA 95485 707-275-9315 Occupational Fields: farmer (market garden, vineyards) Dandelion Sustainability Farm PO Box 1744 Lower Lake, CA 95457 707-994-1814 Fax: 707-994-1814
[email protected] http://www.dandelionfarm.org Occupational Fields: farmer, alternative/green builder, alternative energies specialist, herbalist EasySweet Farm 5972 Vine Hill School Road Sebastopol, CA 95472 707-829-8938
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Ecology Action/Common Ground Research Garden and Mini-Farm 5798 Ridgewood Road Willits, CA 95490-9730 707-459-0150 Fax: 707-459-5409 http://www.growbiointensive.org Occupational Fields: farmer
48 Agricultural Workers
Emandal, a Farm on a River 16500 Hearst Road Willits, CA 95490 707-459-5439 Fax: 707-459-1808
[email protected] http://www.emandal.com Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, vineyards, orchards), environmental educator Good Faith Organic Farm Apprentice Program 14135-A Campo Road Jamul, CA 91935 619-669-6721
[email protected] Occupational Fields: market gardener Green Gulch Farm—Zen Center 1601 Shoreline Highway Sausalito, CA 94965-9759 415-383-3134 http://www.sfzc.org/ggfindex.htm Occupational Fields: farmer (crops, vegetables, fruits), craftsperson, Zen meditation and study Heaven and Earth Farm PO Box 942 No. San Juan, CA 95960 530-292-3619 Fax: 530-292-3688 Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, fruit orchards), homesteader Huasna Valley Farm 5420 Huasna Townsite Road Arroyo Grande, CA 93420 805-473-3827
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables, herbs, orchards) Island Mountain Institute for Sustainable Agriculture 220 Harmony Lane Garberville, CA 95542 877-936-9663
[email protected] http://www.imisa.org Occupational Fields: permaculture design, organic farmer, alternative/green builder, agro-forester
Live Power Community Farm 25451 East Lane Covelo, CA 95428 707-983-8196 Fax: 707-983-8196
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Lone Willow Ranch 11356 Road 5 ½. Firebaugh, CA 93622 559-694-0017, 209-392-6144
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Mount Barnabe Farm Lagunitas, CA 94938 415-488-4746 Fax: 415-488-1667
[email protected] Occupational Fields: market gardener Oz Farm PO Box 244 Point Arena, CA 95468 707-882-3046
[email protected] http://www.oz-farm.com Occupational Fields: farmer Pyramid Farms 12242 Meridian Road Chico, CA 95973 530-899-7586
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Rolling River Farm Orleans, CA 95556 530-627-0012
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer, nursery manager Sandy Bar Ranch & Nursery PO Box 347 Orleans, CA 95556 530-627-3379 Fax: 530-627-3880
[email protected]
Agricultural Workers 49
http://www.sandybarnursery.com Occupational Fields: Market gardener (vegetables, flowers), nursery manager (fruit and nut trees) Soil Born Farm 3000 Hurley Way Sacramento, CA 95864 916-486-9686, 916-368-1492 Occupational Fields: farmer Summerfield Waldorf School and Farm 655 Willowside Road Santa Rosa, CA 95401 707-576-0515
[email protected] Occupational Fields: Organic farmer (vegetables, sheep, ducks, chickens, rabbits, dairy cows) Sweet Courage Herb Farm 8235 Excelsior Road Sacramento, CA 95829 916-682-3079
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer, nursery manager (herbs, heirloom vegetables) Three Springs Gardens 59820 Italian Bar Road North Fork, CA 93643 559-877-4845
[email protected] Occupational Fields: market gardener Tickell’s Organics 3233 Davis Cyn Road San Luis Obispo, CA 93405 805-595-2322
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer (apple orchard, aquaculture), alternative/green architecture Towani Organic Farm PO Box 547 Bangor, CA 95914 530-679-2729, 530-679-2729
[email protected] Occupational Fields: vegetables, olives, flowers University of California, Santa Cruz Center for Agroecology & Sustainable Food Systems 1156 High Street
Santa Cruz, CA 95064-1077 408-459-2321 Fax: 408-459-2799
[email protected] http://zzyx.ucsc.edu/casfs Occupational Fields: horticulturist Winter Creek Gardens PO Box 31 Rumsey, CA 95679 530-796-2243
[email protected] http://www.wintercreekgardens.com Occupational Fields: organic farmer (fruit, vegetables), community supported agriculture Yoxagoi Land Management 3600 Gaddy Lane PO Box 838 Kelseyville, CA 95451 707-279-4949, 707-279-1747 Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vineyards, orchards)
COLORADO Blacksmith Ridge Farm 5093 Nelson Road Longmont, CO 80503 303-678-0399 Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, pigs, chickens) Cooperative Apprentice Program Country Roots Farm 29342 Everett Road Vineland, CO 81006 719-948-2206
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables; herbs; eggs; pastured poultry, beef, and pork; seed garlic; dry beans; cover crops) Denver Urban Gardens/Delaney Community Farm 3377 Blake Street, Ste. 113 Denver, CO 80205 303-292-9900 Fax: 303-292-9911
[email protected] Occupational Fields: community gardener
50 Agricultural Workers
El Rancho del Cielo 515 CR 106 Hesperus, CO 81326
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (dairy goats) Glade Farm Loveland, CO 80537 970-227-8557
[email protected] Occupational Fields: horse trainer, farmer (natural pork, dairy goats, free-range poultry) Guidestone CSA Farm and Center for Sustainable Living 5943 N. County Road 29 Loveland, CO 80538 970-461-0271
[email protected] http://www.stewardshipcommunity.org Occupational Fields: organic farmer (meat, milk, eggs, vegetables, honey) Hedgerow Farms 8328 Valmont Road Boulder, CO 80301-4813 303-666-6397
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, flowers, herbs, fruit) Indian Ridge Farm PO Box 963 Norwood, CO 81423
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (pastured poultry, hogs, cows, turkeys, horses, hay, vegetables)
[email protected] http://www.pachamamafarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer Peach Valley CSA Farm 3465 Peach Valley Road Silt, CO 81652 970-876-2850 Fax: 970-876-2857
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Rock Bottom Ranch 2001 Hooks Spur Road Basalt, CO 81621 970-927-6760
[email protected] http://www.aspennature.org Occupational Fields: farmer Sourcepoint Organic Seeds 1220 2640 Road Hotchkiss, CO 81419 970-835-3418 Occupational Fields: farmer Sustainable Settings 6107 Highway 133 Carbondale, CO 81623 970-963-6107 Fax: 970-923-1367
[email protected] http://www.sustainablesettings.org Occupational Fields: sustainable agriculture (edible landscaping, land reclamation projects, swaling, wetland planting, alley cropping, market gardening)
Monroe Organic Farms 25525 Weld County Road 48 Kersey, CO 80644 970-284-7941
[email protected] http://www.monroefarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer
Zephyros Farm and Garden 11466 3725 Lane Paonia, CO 81428 970-527-3636 Occupational Fields: organic farmer, market gardener
Pachamama Organic Farm 10771 North 49th Street Longmont, CO 80503 303-776-1924 Fax: 303-776-0607
Fort Hill Farm 18 Fort Hill Road New Milford, CT 06776 860-350-3158
[email protected]
CONNECTICUT
Agricultural Workers 51
Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables, herbs, flowers) Hartford Food System/Youth Farm Project 191 Franklin Avenue Hartford, CT 06114 860-296-9325 Fax: 860-296-8326
[email protected] http://www.hartfordfood.org Occupational Fields: farmer Holcomb Farm CSA Project 111 Simsbury Road East Granby, CT 06090 860-653-5554 sam@ holcombfarmcsa.org http://holcombfarmcsa.org Occupational Fields: organic farmer (community supported agriculture) Jones Family Farm 266 Israel Hill Road Shelton, CT 06484 203-929-6237
[email protected] http://www.jonesfamilyfarms.com Occupational Fields: farmer (berries, squash, Christmas trees) 9 in Vermont’s Northeast Kingdom 760 Farmington Avenue West Hartford, CT 06119 860-223-8661
[email protected] http://www.baldmountainretreat.com Occupational Fields: environmental ecologist, farmer (herbs, apple orchards, milk goats, laying hens), alternative energy specialist Ogre Farm 180 Old Farms Road Simsbury, CT 06070 860-658-9297
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer (community supported agriculture, beekeeping) Riverbank Farm 33 River Road Roxbury, CT 06783
860-350-3276
[email protected] http://www.riverbankfarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, flowers) Sweet Pea Organics 25 Cook Street Washington Depot, CT 06794 860-868-7036 Fax: 860-868-6865
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA American Nursery & Landscape Association 1000 Vermont Avenue, NW, Suite 300 Washington, DC 20005 202-789-5980 Fax: 202-789-1893 http://www.anla.org Occupational Fields: nursery manager Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) 1875 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 300 Washington, DC 20009-5728 202-332-9110 Fax: 202-265-4954
[email protected] http://www.cspinet.org Occupational Fields: nutritionist, public policy maker Friends of the National Zoo National Zoological Park Washington, DC 20008 202-673-4950 http://nationalzoo.si.edu Occupational Fields: horticulturist National Park Service 1849 C Street, NW Washington, DC 20240 202-208-4635 http://www.nps.gov Occupational Fields: forester U.S. Department of Agriculture USDA-CSREES 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Stop 2201 Washington, DC 20250
52 Agricultural Workers
202-720-7741 http://www.csrees.usda.gov Occupational Fields: agricultural researcher U.S. Department of Labor Employment and Training Administration 200 Constitution Avenue, NW, Room N4641 Washington, DC 20210 202-219-5500 http://www.doleta.gov Occupational Fields: agricultural worker
FLORIDA Barking Frogs Permaculture Center PO Box 52 Sparr, FL 32192
[email protected] http://barkingfrogspc.tripod.com Occupational Fields: permaculture specialist Bartow Ornamental Nursery Mid-Florida Landscape and Nurserymen 3890 Highway 60, East Bartow, FL 33830 941-534-1350 Occupational Fields: plant nursery worker, landscaper Educational Concerns for Hunger Organization 17391 Durrance Road North Fort Myers, FL 33917 239-543-3246 Fax: 239-543-5317
[email protected] http://www.echonet.org Occupational Fields: farmer, agroecologist (seedbank and nursery) Hart’s Plant Nursery 1404 Blair Road Jacksonville, FL 32210 904-781-7910 Occupational Fields: plant nursery worker HYDRO-TASTE 7308 Verna Bethany Road Myakka City, FL 34251 941-737-3747 Occupational Fields: hydroponic farmer
Lakeland, City of 228 South Massachusetts Avenue Lakeland, FL 33801 941-499-6000 http://www.lakelandgov.net Occupational Fields: parks maintenance worker Mianna Farm Ft. McCoy, FL 941-346-8828 Fax: 941-346-8889
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables, flowers, herbs) Rock Garden PO Box 527865 Miami, FL 33152 305-477-8833 Fax: 305-477-8180 Occupational Fields: farmer (herbs)
GEORGIA Beaver Farm 46 Beaver Trail Winterville, GA 30683 706-742-2769
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer Enota—EcoSpiritual Village and Farm 1000 Highway 180 Hiawassee, GA 30546 800-990-8869 Fax: 706-896-4737
[email protected],
[email protected] http://www.enota.com, http://www.enota.org Occupational Fields: farmer Union Agricultural Institute 8475 Dockery Road Blairsville, GA 30512 706-745-6056 Fax: 706-745-4499 http://www.unionag.net Occupational Fields: farmer (community supported agriculture)
Agricultural Workers 53
HAWAII Andy’s Organic Pahoa, HI 96778 808-965-0069 Occupational Fields: organic farmer (yellow ginger, turmeric, Thai ginger, tropical fruits) Dragons Lair Kona Coffee Farm 84-4987 Mamalahoa Highway Captain Cook, HI 96704 808-328-7345 Fax: 808-328-8972
[email protected] http://www.pendragonhawaii.com Occupational Fields: farmer (coffee) Hawaiian Institute of Tropical Agriculture PO Box 1729 Pahoa, HI 96778 808-965-0069 Occupational Fields: farmer (papaya, banana, ginger, etc.), wildcrafter, social scientist, soil scientist Ho’oulu Farm PO Box 83 Honaunau, HI 96726 808-328-1636
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (tropical fruit) North Country Farms: An Organic Family Farm & Tropical B&B PO Box 723 Kilauea, Kauai, HI 96754 808-828-1513
[email protected] http://www.northcountryfarms.com Occupational Fields: farmer, co-op and bed & breakfast manager
IDAHO Greentree Naturals 2003 Rapid Lightning Road Sandpoint, ID 83864 208-263-8957
[email protected] http://www.greentreenaturals.com Occupational Fields: farmer
Killarney Farm East 14600 Killarney Lake Road Cataldo, ID 83810 Occupational Fields: farmer, homesteader Peaceful Belly Farm 2016 N. 17th Street Boise, ID 83702 208-345-8003
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Windrush Farm 1121 Schneider Road Sagle, ID 83860 208-265-7987
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer
ILLINOIS Angelic Organics 1547 Rockton Road Caledonia, IL 61011-9572 815-389-2746 Fax: 815-389-3106
[email protected] http://www.AngelicOrganics.com Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, herbs, flowers, community supported agriculture) Blue Moon Farm 2184 County Road 1700E Urbana, IL 61802 217-643-2031
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables) Cove Mountain Farm DeKalb, IL 60115 815-753-9351
[email protected] http://www.grassfarmer.com Occupational Fields: dairy farmer Green Earth Institute 105404 Knotch Knolls Road Naperville, IL 60565 603-664-5681
54 Agricultural Workers
[email protected] http://www.greenearthinstitute.org Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables)
http://www.PrairieCrossing.com Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, fruits, flowers)
Growing Home Farm Inc. 1325 S Wabash, #205 Chicago, IL 60605 312-435-8601
[email protected] http://www.growinghomeinc.org Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables)
Upper Midwest Collaborative Regional Alliance for Farmer Training (CRAFT) 1547 Rockton Road Caledonia, IL 61011 815-389-2746 Fax: 815-389-3106
[email protected] http://www.AngelicOrganics.com Occupational Fields: farmer (internships and workshops offered in a variety of career specialties)
Growing Power 5500 West Silver Spring Road Milwaukee, WI 53218 414-527-1546 Fax: 414-527-1908
[email protected] http://www.growingpower.org Occupational Fields: farmer Henry’s Farm 432 Grimm Road Congerville, IL 61729 309-965-2771 Fax: 309-965-2771
[email protected] http://www.henrysfarm.com Occupational Fields: organic farmer Kinnikinnick Farm 21123 Grade School Road Caledonia, IL 61011 815-292-3288 Fax: 815-292-3280
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic market gardener Organic Fruit Farm 302 W. Sunny Lane Eureka, IL 61530 309-467 4251
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (orchards) Prairie Crossing Farm 1008 N. Harris Road Grayslake, IL 60030 847-548-4062 ext. 12
[email protected]
INDIANA Capriole Inc. 10529 New Cut Road Greenville, IN 47124 812-923-9400 Fax: 812-923-9408
[email protected] Occupational Fields: dairy farmer (goats) Earthcraft Farm 4120 West 500 Street Bringhurst, IN 46913 765-268-2669
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, fruits, herbs), herbalist Fragrant Farms 413 Woods Lane New Harmony, IN 47631 812-682-4406 888-814-4665 http://www.fragrantfarms.com Occupational Fields: farmer Michaela Farm Oldenburg, IN 47036 812-933-0661 Fax: 812-933-6403
[email protected] http://oldenburgfranciscans.org Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables, community supported agriculture)
Agricultural Workers 55
Sharritt Market Gardens 6572 West Reformatory Road Fortville, IN 46040 317-485-6718
[email protected] http://members.aol.com/rlsharritt Occupational Fields: market gardener
IOWA Artistry in Bloom 3313 Ingerson Avenue Des Moines, IA 50312 Occupational Fields: floral designer Leo and Diane Benjamin Farm 17636 Birch Ave Whiting, IA 51063 712-458-2001 Occupational Fields: farmer (livestock, grain crops) Local Harvest CSA/ZJ Farm 5025 120th Street, NE Solon, IA 52333 319-624-3052
[email protected] http://www.localharvestcsa.com Occupational Fields: farmer (community supported agriculture) Ripplebrook Organic Growers 1491 Mahogany Avenue PO Box 2407 Fairfield, IA 52556 641-472-3272
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer Simone’s Plain & Simple 1478 470th Street Wellman, IA 52356 319-683-2896
[email protected] http://www.simoneplainandsimple.com Occupational Fields: farmer Sunflower Fields 776 Old Stage Road Postville, IA 52162 319-864-3847
Fax: 319-864-3837
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (community supported agriculture) University of Northern Iowa, Local Food Project Center for Energy & Environmental Education Cedar Falls, IA 50614 319-273-7575 Fax: 319-273-7140 http://www.uni.edu/ceee/foodproject Occupational Fields: project management (encouraging institutional food buyers to purchase locally grown food)
KANSAS The Land Institute 2440 East Water Well Road Salina, KS 67401-9051 913-823-5376 Fax: 913-823-8728 Occupational Fields: agroecologist Murrfield Farms Supply Company 22947 243rd Street McLouth, KS 66054-3125 913-796-6213 Occupational Fields: farmer Shawnee County Noxious Weed Department 2044 SW Western Topeka, KS 66604 785-232-0120 Fax: 785-232-8802 Occupational Fields: noxious weed identification and control Windwalker Farm 1981 Indiana Road Ottawa, KS 66067 913-746-8885 Occupational Fields: farmer, cook, bookkeeper
MAINE Kelmscott Farm 12 Van Cycle Lincolnville, ME 04849 207-763-4088
[email protected]
56 Agricultural Workers
http://www.Kelmscott.org Occupational Fields: farmer Little Barn Farm 233 Valley Road Jefferson, ME 04348 207-549-5274 Fax: 207-549-3006
[email protected] http://www.littlebarnfarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer Maine Organic Farmers and Gardeners Association PO Box 170 Unity, ME 04988 207-568-4142 Fax: 207-568-4141
[email protected] http://www.mofga.org Occupational Fields: farmer (crops, livestock), homesteader Morris Farm Trust PO Box 136 Wiscasset, ME 04578 207-882-4080 Fax: 207-882-7390
[email protected] http://www.morrisfarm.org Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, dairy cows, freerange chickens) Straw’s Farm 30 Brick Hill Road Newcastle, ME 04553 207-882-6875 Occupational Fields: organic dairy farmer Willow Pond Farm 395 Middle Road Sabattus, ME 04280 207-375-6662
[email protected] http://www.willowpf.com Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, orchards, livestock, community supported agriculture)
MARYLAND Accokeek Foundation/Ecosystem Farm 3400 Bryan Point Road Accokeek, MD 20607
301-283-2113 Fax: 301-283-2049
[email protected] http://www.accokeek.org Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables, berries, flowers) Biodynamic Farm on the Chesapeake Bay PO Box 66 McDaniel, MD 21647 410-745-9755
[email protected] http://www.wadespoint.com Occupational Fields: farmer (goats, vegetables) Clagett Farm 11904 Old Marlboro Pike Upper Marlboro, MD 20772 301-627-4662
[email protected] http://www.clagettfarm.org Occupational Fields: organic farmer Clark’s Elioak Farm 10500 Clarksville Pike Ellicott City, MD 21042 410-730-4049
[email protected] http://www.clarklandfarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer (dairy, beef, sheep, hay, straw) Colchester Farm PO Box 162 Georgetown, MD 21930 410-648-9996
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Cromwell Valley CSA PO Box 9707 Baltimore, MD 21284 410-880-2428
[email protected] http://www.bcpl.net/~cvpark/csa.html Occupational Fields: farmer (community supported agriculture) Eco Farms 9204 Crandall Road Lanham, MD 20706 301-459-6991
Agricultural Workers 57
Fax: 301-459-5330
[email protected] http://www.ecofarms.com Occupational Fields: farmer
Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, mushrooms, flowers)
Garden Harvest Inc. 14045 Mantua Mill Road Glyndon, MD 21071 410-526-0698 Fax: 410-428-1991 garharvest.aol.com http://www.GardenHarvest.com Occupational Fields: organic farmer
Appleton Farms CSA 219 County Road Ipswich, MA 01938 978-356-1655
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
MASSACHUSETTS
Henry A. Wallace Institute for Alternative Agriculture 9200 Edmonston Road, Suite 117 Greenbelt, MD 20770 301-441-8777 Occupational Fields: farmer, marketer Newburg Vegetable Farm Benton Road PO Box 293 Newburg, MD 20664 301-259-2291 Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, flowers, herbs), herbalist Nick’s Organic Acres 8565 Horseshoe Lane Potomac, MD 20854 301-983-2167 Fax: 301-983-0290
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer (grain crops, beef herd) Pickering Creek Audubon Center 11450 Audubon Lane Easton, MD 21601 410-822-4903 Fax: 410-822-5041
[email protected] http://www.pickeringcreek.org Occupational Fields: agriculture and outdoor education interpreter and program manager Three Graces Farm/Backbone Organic Produce 530 Lynndale Road Oakland, MD 21550 301-334-5633
[email protected]
Atlantic Center for the Environment 55 South Main Street Ipswich, MA 01938-2321 978-356-0038 Fax: 978-356-7322 Occupational Fields: farmer Bramble Hill Farm 593 S. Pleasant St. Amherst, MA 01002 413-532-8903 Occupational Fields: farmer (strawberries, flowers, vegetables, lamb) Brookfield Community Farm 24 Hulst Road Amherst, MA 01002-1902 413-253-7991
[email protected] http://www.brookfieldfarm.org Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, fruits, flowers, cattle, pigs, chickens, community supported agriculture) Caretaker Farm CSA 1210 Hancock Road Williamstown, MA 01267 413-458-4309
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, fruits, livestock), baker Council for Responsible Genetics 5 Upland Road, Ste. 3 Cambridge, MA 02140 617-868-0870 Fax: 617-491-5344 http://www.gene-watch.org Occupational fields: agricultural genetics researcher
58 Agricultural Workers
Crystal Spring CSA 76 Everett Skinner Road Plainville, MA 02762 508-699-7167 Occupational Fields: farmer (community supported agriculture) Earthwatch International 3 Clock Tower Place, Suite 100 Box 75 Maynard, MA 01754 800-776-0188 http://www.earthwatch.org Occupational Fields: biologist, environmentalist, archaeologist, anthropologist Eastern Native Seed Conservancy PO Box 451 Great Barrington, MA 01230 413-229-8316
[email protected] http://www.enscseeds.org Occupational Fields: horticultural researcher and worker Equinox Farm 349 North Plain Road Great Barrington, MA 01230-1200 413-274-0279 Occupational Fields: farmer The FARM Institute PO Box 1868 Edgartown, MA 02539 508-627-7007 http://www.farminstitute.org Occupational Fields: farmer (rare breeds of livestock, heirloom vegetables) The Farm School 488 Moore Hill Road Athol, MA 01333 978-249-2656
[email protected] http://www.farmschool.org Occupational Fields: farmer, educational coordinator Hampshire College Farm Center 893 West Street Amherst, MA 01002 413-559-5348
http://www.hampshire.edu/cms/index.php Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, sheep, dogs, hay) Indian Line Farm 57 Jug End Road Great Barrington, MA 01230 413-528-8301
[email protected] http://www.schumachersociety.org Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables) Massachusetts Audubon Society/Drumlin Farm 208 South Great Road Lincoln, MA 01773-4304 781-259-2200
[email protected] http://www.massaudubon.org/Nature_Connection/ Sanctuaries/Drumlin_Farm/index.php Occupational Fields: farmer Moon in the Pond Organic Farm 816 Barnum Street Sheffield, MA 01257 413-229-3092 Fax: 413-229-3092
[email protected] http://mooninthepond.com Occupational Fields: farmer National Park Service, North Atlantic Regional Office 15 State Street Boston, MA 02109 617-223-5199 Occupational Fields: natural resources specialist Natural Roots at South River Farm 888 Shelburne Falls Road Conway, MA 01341 413-369-4269 Fax: 413-369-0156
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer North East Workers on Organic Farms c/o New England Small Farm Institute 275 Jackson Street Belchertown, MA 01007 413-323-4531
[email protected] http://www.smallfarm.org Occupational Fields: farmer
Agricultural Workers 59
Ol’Turtle Farm 385 East Street Easthampton, MA 01027 413-527-9122
[email protected] http://www.olturtlefarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables) Red Fire Farm 7 Carver Street Granby, MA 01033 413-467-SOIL
[email protected] http://www.redfirefarm.com Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables, berries, flowers, bedding plants) Stearns Farm 862 Edmands Road Framingham, MA 01701 508-371-4310
[email protected] http://www.stearnsfarmcsa.org Occupational Fields: farmer
MICHIGAN Blackbird Garden and the Real Food Dream Kitchen 904 Blackbird Road Petoskey, MI 49770 231-348-3044
[email protected],
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Celebration Gardens 7831 East Main Street Kalamazoo, MI 49001 616-388-3427 Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, fruits, flowers) The Eco-Learning Center 10277 E. Bingham Road Traverse City, MI 49684-9551 231-620-4775
[email protected] http://www.ecolearningcenter.org Occupational Fields: organic farmer, natural/green builder
Food For Thought 10610 Oviatt Road Honor, MI 49654 231-326-5444
[email protected],
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (orchards) Forest Garden Foods 2272 West Burdickville Road Maple City, MI 49664 231-228-6497
[email protected] Occupational Fields: market gardener Lubbers Family Farm O-862 Luce SW Grand Rapids, MI 49544 616-453-4257 Occupational Fields: farmer Meadowlark Farm 6350 Lingaur Road Lake Leelanau, MI 49653 231-256-6980
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (orchards) Michigan State University Student Organic Farm Michigan State University Student Organic Farm Department of Horticulture East Lansing, MI 48824 517-355-5191 Ext 1344
[email protected] http://www.msuorganicfarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer Midheaven Farms 11059 County 14 Park Rapids, MI 56470 218-732-1093 Fax: 218-732-2007
[email protected] http://secretgardengourmet.com/midheavenfarms Occupational Fields: farmer (cattle, crops, vegetables, raspberries) School of Homesteading 26041 C R 681 Bangor, MI 49013
60 Agricultural Workers
616-427-8986
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
320-752-4700
[email protected] Occupational Fields: market gardener
Shetler Family Dairy & Amazing Graze Farm 5436 Tyler Road SE Kalkaska, MI 40747 231-258-8216
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
Easy Bean Farm 5075 100th Avenue NW Milan, MN 56262 320-793-6675
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables)
Sunshower 48548 60th Avenue Lawrence, MI 49064-9709 616-674-3103 Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, fruits)
Featherstone Fruits and Vegetables 30997 Zephyr Valley Lane Rushford, MN 55971 507-453-9621
[email protected] http://www.featherstonefarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer
Sweeter Song Farm 4955 South Schomberg Road Cedar, MI 49621 231-228-7301
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, berries, flowers, orchards) Tantre Farm 2510 Hayes Road Chelsea, MI 48118 734-475-4323 Occupational Fields: farmer Wagbo Peace Center 5745 North M-66 East Jordan, MI 49727 231-536-0333 Fax: 231-536-0396
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
MINNESOTA Earthen Path Organic Farm RR 1, Box 52 BB Lake City, MN 55041 507-753-2080 Occupational Fields: farmer (fruits, vegetables, herbs) Earth Rise Farm RR #2, Box 94A Madison, MN 56256
Full Circle Organic Growers Co-op Rural Route One, Box 52 BB Lake City, MN 55041 Occupational Fields: farmer Gardens of Eagan 25498 Highview Avenue Farmington, MN 55024 952-469-1855 Fax: 952-469-2504
[email protected] http://www.frontiernet.net/~atinagoe/ Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables) International Alliance for Sustainable Agriculture 1701 University Avenue, Southeast University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN 55414-2076 612-331-1099
[email protected] Occupational Fields: activist Land Stewardship Project PO Box 130 Lewiston, MN 55952 507-523-3366 Fax: 507-523-2729
[email protected] http://www.landstewardshipproject.org Occupational Fields: farmer, educator, activist
Agricultural Workers 61
Naturally Grown in Inver Grove 1785 96th Street East Inver Grove Heights, MN 55077 612-450-9178 Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, nursery stock) Ploughshare Farm 6653 Harvest Place NW Parkers Prairie, MN 56361
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
MISSOURI Berger Bluff Farm 4647 Berger Road Berger, MO 63014-1010 573-934-5509
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables) Blue Heron Orchard Route 2, Box 225 C Canton, MO 63435 573-655-4291 Occupational Fields: farmer (orchards) Centennial Farms and Orchard 199 Jackson Street Augusta, MO 63332 636-228-4338
[email protected] http://centennialfarmsandorchard.com Occupational Fields: farmer (orchards) Dancing Rabbit EcoVillage One Dancing Rabbit Lane Rutledge, MO 63563 660-883-5511
[email protected] http://www.dancingrabbit.org Occupational Fields: farmer East Wind Community HC-3, Box 3370 Tecumseh, MO 65760 417-679-4682 Fax: 417-679-4684
[email protected]
http://www.eastwind.org Occupational Fields: farmer Elixir Farm General Delivery Brixey, MO 65618 417-261-2393 Fax: 417-261-2355
[email protected] http://www.elixirfarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer Gladhour Farm PO Box 556 Chillicothe, MO 64601 660-659-2321
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Goatsbeard Farm 11351 Callahan Creek Rd. Harrisburg, MO 65256 573-875-0706
[email protected] http://www.goatsbeardfarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer (dairy goats) Green Hills Harvest 14649 Highway M Purdin, MO 64674 660-244-5858 Fax: 660-244-5858 Occupational Fields: farmer (dairy) Sandhill Farm RR 1, Box 155-W Rutledge, MO 63563 660-883-5543 Fax: 660-883-5545
[email protected] http://www.sandhillfarm.org Occupational Fields: farmer Terra Bella Farm 1303 State Road M Auxvasse, MO 65231 573-387-4949
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, herbs, flowers)
62 Agricultural Workers
MONTANA Clark Fork Organics 3507 South 7th W Missoula, MT 59804 Occupational Fields: market gardener Gaia Gardens CSA 6227 Forsall Road Belgrade, MT 59714 406-580-5785
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (community supported agriculture) Homestead Organics Farm 905 Sleeping Child Road Hamilton, MT 59840 406-363-6627
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer International Agricultural Exchange Association 1000 First Avenue South Great Falls, MT 59401 406-727-1999 Occupational Fields: farmer Lifeline Produce 2363 Chief Victor’s Camp Road Victor, MT 59875 406-642-3943 Occupational Fields: organic farmer (livestock, vegetables) Loon Lake Farm 999 Loon Lake Road Bigfork, MT 59911 406-837-4734
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Montana State University College of Agriculture Bozeman, MT 59717 406-994-0211 Occupational Fields: energy specialist Raven Ridge Farm/Swallow Crest Farm PO Box 423 Kila, MT 59920 406-752-6837, 406-756-0461
[email protected],
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer River View Organic Produce Farm 14001 Mountain Top Road Three Forks, MT 59752 406-285-0569
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Rural Employment Opportunities Inc. 307 First Avenue, East, #20 Kalispell, MT 59903 800-823-2324 http://www.mt.net~reo Occupational Fields: farmer Terrapin Farm 6505 Farm to Market Road Whitefish, MT 59937 406-862-6362 Occupational Fields: farmer
NEBRASKA Center for Rural Affairs 145 Main Street Lyons, NE 68038-0136 402-687-2100 Fax: 402-687-2200
[email protected] http://www.cfra.org Occupational Fields: documentary journalist, workshop organizer
NEW JERSEY Cherry Grove Organic Farm 11 Carter Road Princeton, NJ 08540 609-306-5139 Occupational Fields: farmer Genesis Farm Community Supported Garden 41 B Silver Lake Road Blairstown, NJ 07825 908-362-7486 Fax: 908-362-7486 http://csgatgenesisfarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer
Agricultural Workers 63
Hopeview Farm 33 Washington Road Hopewell, NJ 08525 609-466-2496 Occupational Fields: farmer Howell Living History Farm 101 Hunter Road Titusville, NJ 08560 609-737-3299 Fax: 609-737-6524
[email protected] http://www.howellfarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer (crops, livestock) Northeast Organic Farming Association of New Jersey 60 South Main Street Pennington, NJ 08534 609-737-6848 Fax: 609-737-2366
[email protected] http://www.nofanj.org Occupational Fields: farmer North Slope Farm 386 Rock Road East Lambertville, NJ 08530 609-466-8330 Occupational Fields: farmer Rutgers Cooperative Extension of Hunterdon County Rutgers University 6 Gauntt Place, Building 2 Flemington, NJ 08822 908-788-1339
[email protected] http://www.co.hunterdon.nj.us/depts/rutgers/rutgers.htm Occupational Fields: farmer Spring Hill Farm 135 Princeton Avenue Hopewell, NJ 08525 609-466-4747
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
NEW YORK Abode Farm 5 Abode Road New Lebanon, NY 12125
518-794-8546 Fax: 518-794-8060
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Apple Pond Farming Center 80 Hahn Road PO Box 371 Callicoon Center, NY 12724 845-482-4764
[email protected] http://www.applepondfarm.com Occupational Fields: organic farmer (livestock, vegetables) Birdsfoot Farm 1263 County Route 25 Canton, NY 13617 315-386-4852 Occupational Fields: farmer Catskill Merino 745 Willi Hill Road Swan Lake, NY 12783 914-292-0118
[email protected] http://catskill-merino.com Occupational Fields: farmer (sheep) Cooke Hollow Farm 209 Cooke Hollow Road Valley Falls, NY 12185 518-692-9065 Fax: 518-692-8712
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmers (livestock, orchards, vegetables, herbs) Cornell University Clinical Programs & Professional Services Attn: Ramona Andersen College of Veterinary Medicine Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853-6401 607-253-3157 Fax: 607-253-3056
[email protected] http://www.vet.cornell.edu/education/internships.htm Occupational Fields: veterinarian
64 Agricultural Workers
Early Morning Organic Farm 9658 State Route 90 Genoa, NY 13071 315-364-6941
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
Pulaski, NY 13142-2471 315-298-4139 Fax: 315-298-2119
[email protected] http://www.grindstonefarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer
Eddy Foundation & Black Kettle Wildfarm PO Box 42 Essex, NY 12936 518-962-4762
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
Hawthorne Valley Farm 327 Route 21C Ghent, NY 12075 518-672-4465 Fax: 518-672-4887
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, hay, field crops, livestock), sustainable forester, mechanic
Fantone’s North Winds Farm 248 Douglas Road Norwood, NY 13668 315-353-2218
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, flowers, herbs) The Farm at Miller’s Crossing (formerly Kline Kill Organic Gardens) 81 Roxbury Road Hudson, NY 12534 518-851-2331 Fax: 518-851-2331
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
Homestead Farms 3842 NY2 Cropseyville, NY 12052 518-279-9867
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Honey Locust Farm House 7 Morris Drive Newburgh, NY 12550 845-561-7309
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
Fresh Beginnings Farm and Kitchen Workshop 362 Eichybush Road Kinderhook, NY 12106 518-758-7342 Fax: 518-758-8452
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
Institute of Ecosystem Studies Route 44A Millbrook, NY 12545 845-677-5343 Fax: 845-677-5976 http://www.ecostudies.org Occupational Fields: ecologist
GRACE (Global Resource Action Center for the Environment) 215 Lexington Avenue, Suite 1001 New York, NY 10016 212-726-9161 Fax: 212-726-9160
[email protected] http://www.gracelinks.org Occupational Fields: educator, activist
Iroquois Farm 10951 New York State Route 37 Lisbon, NY 13658 315-393-6252 Occupational Fields: farmer
Grindstone Farm 780 County Route 28 Tinker Tavern Road
Keith’s Farm PO Box 146 Westtown, NY 10998 914-856-4955
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, herbs), herbalist
Agricultural Workers 65
Little Seed Gardens PO Box 158 Stuyvesant, NY 12173 518-758-1754 Occupational Fields: farmer Markristo Farm 2891 Route 23 Hillsdale, NY 12529 518-325-4261 Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, herbs, berries, flowers, dairy), herbalist Mountain Dell Farm 2386 Roods Creek Road Hancock, NY 13783 607-467-4034
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Native Offerings Farm 8501 Maples Road Little Valley, NY 14755 716-257-3006
[email protected] http://www.NativeOfferings.com Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, dairy, community supported agriculture) Northeast Organic Farming Association Monkey Run Road Port Crane, NY 13833-1812 Occupational Fields: farmer Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York 130 Ruckytucks Road Stillwater, NY 12170-1812 518-853-4613 Occupational Fields: farmer Northland Sheep Dairy 3501 Hoxie Gorge Road Marathon, NY 13803 607-849-3328, 518-734-5495 Fax: 607-849-4039
[email protected] http://www.geocities.com/northsheep Occupational Fields: farmer (sheep dairy) Pathfinder Farms 2433 Old Kings Road Catskill, NY 12414
518-943-7096
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Peacework Organic Farm 2218 Welcher Road Newark, NY 14513 315-331-9029 Fax: 315-331-6873
[email protected] http://www.gvocsa.org Occupational Fields: farmer Phillies Bridge Farm Project Inc. 45 Phillies Bridge Road New Paltz, NY 12561 845-256-9316
[email protected] http://www.philliesbridge.org Occupational Fields: farmer (community supported agriculture), educator Quail Hill Community Farm Amagansett, NY 11930 631-267-8492 Fax: 631-267-8492
[email protected] http://www.peconiclandtrust.org/preserve.htm Occupational Fields: farmer Regional Farm and Food Project 148 Central Avenue, 2nd Floor Albany, NY 12206 518-426-9331 Fax: 518-427-6537
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Richview Farm Rural Delivery One Aurora, NY 13026 315-364-8093 Occupational Fields: farmer Road’s End Farm 362 Smith Road Dundee, NY 14837 607-243-5234
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, fruits)
66 Agricultural Workers
Roxbury Farm 2501 State Route 9H Kinderhook, NY 12106 518-758-8558
[email protected] http://www.roxburyfarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer Rusty Plough Farm 331 Dowe Road Ellenville, NY 12428 845-647-6911
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Saratoga Apple PO Box 171 Schuylerville, NY 12871 518-695-3131
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (apple orchards) Sisters Hill Farm PO Box 22 Stanfordville, NY 12581 845-868-7048
[email protected] http://www.sistershillfarm.org Occupational Fields: farmer Slack Hollow Farm Rural Delivery One, Gilchrist Road Argyle, NY 12809 518-638-6124 Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables) Son E’Acres Farm 165 Smith Road Gouverneur, NY 13642 315-287-0176, 315-287-1415 Fax: 315-287-1415
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Still Point Community Farm 103 Amenia Union Road Amenia, NY 12501 845-373-7189, 845-373-7189 Fax: 845-373-7424
[email protected]
http://www.bestweb.net/~stillpt Occupational Fields: farmer Stone Barns Center for Food and Agriculture 630 Bedford Road Pocantico Hills, NY 10591 914-366-6200 Ext. 112 Occupational Fields: farmer, educator Tania’s Garden 341 Glovers Corners Road Guilford, NY 13780
[email protected] Occupational Fields: market gardener Thanksgiving Farm at the Center for Discovery PO Box 840 Harris, NY 12742 845-794-1400 ext. 2251
[email protected] http://www.thecenterfordiscovery.org Occupational Fields: farmer (livestock, community supported agriculture) Thompson-Finch Farm 750 Wiltsie Bridge Road Ancram, NY 12502 518-329-7578
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer West Haven Farm 114 Rachel Carson Way Ithaca, NY 14850 607-272-4636
[email protected] http://westhavenfarm.ithaca.ny.us Occupational Fields: farmer Wild Roots Farm (CSA) 669 Cattail Road Livingston Manor, NY 12758 845-439-4799 http://wildrootsfarm.tripod.com Occupational Fields: farmer Wise Acre Organic Farm 1884 Murdock Road Lyndonville, NY 14098 716-765-2740 Occupational Fields: farmer
Agricultural Workers 67
NORTH CAROLINA Carolina Farm Stewardship Association PO Box 448 Pittsboro, NC 27312 919-542-2402 Fax: 919-542-7401 http://www.carolinafarmstewards.org Occupational Fields: farmer Chi Meadow 146 McLaurin Road Siler City, NC 27344 919-837-9966 Fax: 919-837-8722
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Deer Springs Farm PO Box 197 Lawndale, NC 28090 704-538-6060
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Doubletree Farm 835 Cargile Branch Road Marshall, NC 28753 828-689-3812 Occupational Fields: farmer Elysian Fields Farm 8403 Hwy. 86 North Cedar Grove, NC 27231 919-643-2301
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
Goat Lady Dairy 3515 Jess Hackett Road Climax, NC 27233 336-824-2163
[email protected] http://www.goatladydairy.com Occupational Fields: farmer Green Toe Ground 411 Pope Road Burnsville, NC 28714
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Grinnell Botanical 2866 White Oak Road Burnsville, NC 28714 828-459-7069 Fax: 828-675-9281
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Gupton Farm / Shiloh Farm & Retreat 612 Fox Chase Court Raleigh, NC 27606 919-859-9898
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Hannah Creek Farm 2382 Thompson Road Four Oaks, NC 27524 919-894-8918 Fax: 919-894-8918
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer
Fork Mountain Farm 1068 Hubert, Yelton Road Bakersville, NC 28705 828-766-0904 (voicemail) Occupational Fields: farmer
Hickory Nut Gap Farm 1860 Charlotte Hwy. Fairview, NC 28730 828-628-3348
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
Full Sun Farm 90 Bald Creek Road Leicester, NC 28748 828-683-1607
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
Homegrown Heritage Bio-Intensive Mini-Farm 644 Morgan Branch Road Candler, NC 28715 828-667-5516
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
68 Agricultural Workers
Imladris Farm 45 Little Pond Road Fairview, NC 28730
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Janus Farms Institute Alternative Agriculture Education Center South East Workers on Organic Farms Route Three, Box 494 Siler City, NC 27344 919-742-4672 Occupational Fields: farmer Let It Grow Organic Gardens 109 D & G Road Hot Springs, NC 28743 828-622-9648
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Mountain Gardens 546 Shuford Creek Road Burnsville, NC 28714 828-675-5664
[email protected] http://webpages.charter.net/czar207196/garden.htm Occupational Fields: farmer Mountain Harvest Organics 77 Wyatt Lane Hot Springs, NC 28743 828-622-7556
[email protected] http://www.mountainharvestorganic.com Occupational Fields: farmer Mulberry Gap Farm 1126 Upper Thomas Branch Marshall, NC 28753 828-649-2194
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer (livestock) New Moon Herbs Organic Farm 85 Laurel Haven Fairview, NC 28730
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (herbs)
North Carolina State University, Center for Environmental Farming Systems Dept. of Horticulture, Campus Box 7609 Raleigh, NC 27695 919-515-9447 http://www.cefs.ncsu.edu Occupational Fields: farmer Perrywinkle Farm 1061 White Cross Road Chapel Hill, NC 27516 919-933-6189 Occupational Fields: farmer Southeast Willing Workers on Organic Farms (SEWWOOF) PO Box 134 Bonlee, NC 27214
[email protected] http://homepage.mac.com/smkolins/sewwoof Occupational Fields: farmer, educator, activist Sparkling Earth Farm Burnsville, NC 28714 866-514-6377 Occupational Fields: farmer (community supported agriculture) Sugar Creek Farm 534 Sugar Creek Road Leicester, NC 28748 828-273-9141
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Sustenance Farm 1108 Callicutt Road Bear Creek, NC 27207 919-837-5805 Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, herbs, fruits, mushrooms, livestock), homesteader, herbalist Wild Wood Farm 5776 Rumley Road Graham, NC 27253 252-746-2977
[email protected] http://www.wildwoodfarmonline.com Occupational Fields: farmer
Agricultural Workers 69
OHIO Cook’s Garden 989 North Clayton Road New Lebanon, OH 45345 937-687-3753
[email protected] Occupational Fields: market gardener Crown Point Ecology Center PO Box 484 Bath, OH 44210 330-668-8992
[email protected] http://www.crownpt.org Occupational Fields: market gardener Grailville Organic Gardens 932 O’Bannonville Road Loveland, OH 45140-9742 513-683-2340
[email protected] http://www.grailville.org Occupational Fields: farmer Highlands Nature Sanctuary/Benevolence Vegetarian Café & Bakery 7629 Cave Road Columbus, OH 4561 937-365-1600
[email protected] http://www.highlandssanctuary.org Occupational Fields: farmer, educator, activist, chef Locust Grove Community—Resilience Research Farm 6328 Locust Grove Road Creola, OH 45622 740-596-4379 Occupational Fields: farmer, educator, homesteader, publisher Lake Geauga CSA 8345 Brakeman Road Leroy Township, OH 44077 Occupational Fields: farmer Ohio Department of Natural Resources 2045 Morse Road Columbus, OH 43229 614-265-6998
http://www.dnr.state.oh.us Occupational Fields: biologist, wildlife researcher, aquatic specialist, lifeguard, public relations specialist Ohio Ecological Food and Farm Association PO Box 82234 Columbus, OH 43202 614-421-2022 Fax: 614-2011
[email protected] http://www.oeffa.com Occupational Fields: farmer Ohio State University—Agricultural Technical Institute 1328 Dover Rd. Wooster, OH 44691-4000320-264-3911
[email protected] http://www.ati.osu.edu Occupational Fields: farmer Organic Crop Improvement Association 1405 South Detroit Street Bellefontaine, OH 43311-9709 Fax: 937-593-3831 Occupational Fields: farmer Organic Crop Improvement Association 4617 Libbey Road Stony Ridge, OH 43463-9709 419-837-9447 Occupational Fields: farmer Silver Creek Farm 7097 Allyn Road Hiram, OH 44234 330-569-3487 Fax: 330-569-7076
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
OREGON Aprovecho Research Center 80574 Hazelton Road Cottage Grove, OR 97424 541-942-8198
[email protected] http://www.aprovecho.net
70 Agricultural Workers
Occupational Fields: farmer, appropriate technology specialist, sustainable forester
www.herb-pharm.com/Education/workstudy_fs.html Occupational Fields: farmer, herbalist, botanist
BioDynamic Farming and Gardening Association 25844 Butler Road Junction City, OR 97448 541-998-0105 Fax: 541-998-0106
[email protected] http://www.biodynamics.com Occupational Fields: careers in various agricultural fields
Horton Road Organics 93851 Horton Road Blachly, OR 97412 541-925-3019
[email protected] http://www.hortonorganics.com Occupational Fields: farmer
Boggs, Mountain Home 95245 Rink Creek Lane Coquille, OR 97423 541-396-4764
[email protected] Occupational Fields: coforester, farmer
Lost Valley Educational Center 81868 Lost Valley Lane Dexter, OR 97431 541-937-3351 Fax: 541-937-2243
[email protected] http://www.lostvalley.org Occupational Fields: market gardener, sustainable forester
Creative Growers 88741 Torrence Road Noti, OR 97461 541-935-7952 Fax: 541-935-7952
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
Muslin Creek Farm 79296 Repsleger Road Cottage Grove, OR 97424 541-767-3759 Fax: 541-767-3759
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
Field’s Farm 61915 Pettigrew Road Bend, OR 97702 541-382-8059 Fax: 541-382-8059
[email protected] Occupational Fields: market gardener
Persephone Farm 30291 Bates Lane Lebanon, OR 97355 541-451-5640 Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, chickens)
Hayhurst Valley Organic Farm and Nursery 4743 Hayhurst Road Yoncalla, OR 97499 541-849-2122 Fax: 541-849-2603
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Herb Pharm 20260 Williams Highway Williams, OR 97544-9612 541-846-6262 ext. 145 Fax: 541-846-6891
[email protected]
Power Line Clearance and Tree Trimmers 6162 Northeast 80th Avenue Portland, OR 97218 503-972-5858 Occupational Fields: tree trimmer Riverwood Island Farm 16651 Hwy. 238 Grants Pass, OR 97527 541-846-6862
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Sauvie Island Organics 20233 Northwest Sauvie Island Road Portland, OR 97231
Agricultural Workers 71
503-621-6921
[email protected] http://www.sauvieislandorganics.com Occupational Fields: farmer Spirit Gardens CSA/Spirit Ranch 724 Yale Creek Road Jacksonville, OR 97530 541-899-8107
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (community supported agriculture) Sunny Pine Farm 932-A Twisp River Road Twisp, OR 98856 509-997-4811
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Whistling Duck Farm PO12800 Williams Highway Grants Pass, OR 97527 541-846-0494
[email protected] http://www.whistlingduckfarm.com/Apprenticeship. html Occupational Fields: farmer Yale Creek Ranch 176 Yale Creek Road Jacksonville, OR 97530 541-899-9351
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
PENNSYLVANIA Ananda Vrati Risesun Farm R.R. 1, Box 1366 Hop Bottom, PA 18824 570-289-4021
[email protected] http://www.innersports.org/quest.htm Occupational Fields: farmer Branch Creek Farm 1501 Branch Road Perkasie, PA 18944 215-257-8491
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Common Ground Organic Farm 176 Zuck Road Spring Mills, PA 16875 814-364-9171 Fax: 814-364-2330
[email protected] http://www.CommonGroundFarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer Dancing Creek Farm RD1, Box 536 Port Royal, PA 17082 717-527-2831 Fax: 717-527-2831 Occupational Fields: farmer Fiedler Gardens 165 Apple Butter Road Aaronsburg, PA 16820 814-349-8244 Fax: 814-349-2453
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Food Farm Inc. 1357 Valley View Road Bulger, PA 15019 724-747-4889
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Fulton Center for Sustainable Living 1015 Philadelphia Avenue Chambersburg, PA 17201 717-709-1995
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Kimberton CSA PO Box 192 Kimberton, PA 19442 610-933-8339
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Lent’s Organics 433 McKendree Road Shickshinny, PA 18655
72 Agricultural Workers
570-542-7295
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables, fruits) Maysie’s Farm Conservation Center 15 St. Andrew’s Lane Glenmoore, PA 19343 610-458-8129 Fax: 610-469-9662
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (community supported agriculture), educator New Morning Farm HCR 71, Box 168B Hustontown, PA 17229 814-448-3904
[email protected] http://www.newmorningfarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, herbs, berries), herbalist The Pennsylvania State University Department of Crop & Soil Sciences 116 Agricultural Sciences/Industries Building University Park, PA 16802-3504 814-865-6541 Fax: 814-863-7043
[email protected] http://PAOnfarmInterns.cas.psu.edu Occupational Fields: farmer Red Hill Farm CSA 609 South Convent Road Aston, PA 19014 610-558-6799
[email protected] http://www.osfphila.org Occupational Fields: farmer The Rodale Institute Experimental Farm 611 Siegfriedale Road Kutztown, PA 19530 610-683-1400 Fax: 610-683-1431
[email protected] http://www.rodaleinstitute.org Occupational Fields: farmer
Scarecrow Hill Community Farm 76 East Mohler Church Road Ephrata, PA 17522 717-733-3202
[email protected] http://www.scarecrowhill.com Occupational Fields: farmer Slippery Rock University Department of Parks and Recreation Environmental Education Slippery Rock, PA 16057 412-738-0512 http://www.sru.edu Occupational Fields: farmer, agroecologist Spiral Path Farm RR #1, Box 108A Loysville, PA 17047 717-789-4433 Fax: 717-789-4433
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Spoutwood Farm Markley Lane PO Box 109 Beaver Springs, PA 17812 4255 Pierceville Road Glen Rock, PA 17327-7818 717-235-6610
[email protected] http://www.spoutwood.com Occupational Fields: farmer Steam Valley Mountain Fiber Farm 2304 Steam Valley Road Trout Run, PA 17771 570-998-2221
[email protected] http://www.steamvalleyfiber.com Occupational Fields: farmer (sheep, rabbits) Sweet Meriam’s Farm PO Box 109 Beaver Springs, PA 17812 570-658-8512, 410-268-5123
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (community supported agriculture)
Agricultural Workers 73
Three Sisters Farm 134 Obitz Road Sandy Lake, PA 16145-4615 724-376-2797 Fax: 724-376-4171
[email protected] http://www.bioshelter.com Occupational Fields: farmer Village Acres Farm RR 1 Box 209 Mifflintown, PA 17059 717-436-9477
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Willow Creek Orchards 3220 Heebner Road Collegeville, PA 19426 610-222-0975 Fax: 610-222-0976
[email protected] http://www.willowcreekorchards.com Occupational Fields: farmer
RHODE ISLAND Arcadian Fields PO Box 1273 Hope Valley, RI 02832 401-539-7043
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Casey Farm Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities 2325 Boston Neck Road Saunderstown, RI 02874-3820 401-295-1030 http://spnea.org/visit/homes/casey.htm Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, hay, flowers), educator Rhode Island, University of Woodvale Farm W. Alton Jones Campus 401 Victory Highway West Greenwich, RI 02817 401-397-3302 Occupational Fields: farmer
TENNESSEE Good Farming Apprenticeship Network 281 Dean Ridge Lane Gainesboro, TN 38562-5039 931-268-0655 Fax: 931-268-5884
[email protected] http://www.ruralheritage.com Occupational Fields: farmer (animal-powered) Hidden Springs Nursery 170 Hidden Springs Lane Cookeville, TN 38501 931-268-2592 Occupational Fields: farmer Lisa’s Greenhouse 450 Davidson Chapel Lane Bloomington Springs, TN 38545 Occupational Fields: farmer (herbs, flowers, tobacco), herbalist Moon Shadow-Sequatchie Valley Institute Route 1, Box 304 Whitewell, TN 37397 423-949-5922
[email protected] http://svionline.org Occupational Fields: farmer Patchwork Farm 12368 Macon Road Fisherville, TN 38017 901-861-7860
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Peaceful Pastures 69 Cowan Valley Lane Hickman, TN 38567 615-683-4291 Fax: 615-683-5559
[email protected] http://www.peacefulpastures.com Occupational Fields: farmer (livestock) Sequatchie Cove Farm 320 Dixon Cove Road Sequatchie, TN 37374
74 Agricultural Workers
423-942-9201
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Sweet Hollow Farm, CSA 140 Ward Lane Bulls Gap, TN 37711 423-235-7288
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (community-supported agriculture) Walden Farm 840 Murrell Road Signal Mountain, TN 37377 423-886-6743
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer Yonder Farm/OverYonder CSA 277 Camp Road Sweetwater, TN 37874 423-337-3195
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
TEXAS Cross Timbers Permaculture Institute Ingre Myhre & Kirby Fry 1483 C. R. 311 McDade, TX 78650 512-273-9538
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer, forester, alternative house builder, teacher Holistic Resource Management of Texas PO Box 4343 Austin, TX 78765-4343 512-858-7523 Occupational Fields: farmer, agroecologist Ogle Farms 137 Cardinal Lane Fredericksburg, TX 78624 830-997-8591
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, fruit, goats, chickens, aquaculture)
World Hunger Relief Inc. PO Box 639 Elm Mott, TX 76640 254-799-5611
[email protected] http://www.worldhungerrelief.org Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, herbs, flowers, goats, emus, rabbits), herbalist Zendik Farm Star Route 16C-3 Bastrop, TX 78602 512-303-1637 Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, grain, hay)
VERMONT Community Farm at Bennington College Bennington College Bennington, VT 05201 802-440-4472 Fax: 802-440-4461
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic market gardener Does’ Leap Farm 1703 Route 108 South East Fairfield, VT 05448 802-827-3046 Fax: 501-325-8818
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer (goat dairy) The Egg Farm PO Box 87 East Charleston, VT 05833 802-723-4014
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer, educator Four Springs Farm 776 Gee Hill Road Royalton, VT 05068 802-763-7296
[email protected] http://www.fourspringsfarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer Honey Gardens Apiaries Inc. 641 Richmond Road Hinesburg, VT 05461
Agricultural Workers 75
802-482-5887 Fax: 802-482-5882
[email protected] http://www.honeygardens.com Occupational Fields: farmer Littlewood Farm 641 Recreation Field Road Plainfield, VT 05667 802-454-8466
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Luna Bleu Farm RR 1, Box 224A South Royalton, VT 05068 802-763-7981
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Mountain Foot Farm 154 Blakely Road Wheelock, VT 05851 802-626-9471
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, trout, sheep, pigs, chickens, maple syrup) Northeast Organic Farming Association of Vermont PO Box 697 Richmond, VT 05477 802-434-4122 Fax: 802-434-4154
[email protected] http://www.nofavt.org Occupational Fields: farmer Peters Farm Association 9 Peters Farm Road South Hero, VT 05486 802-372-8772 Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, herbs, flowers), herbalist Sandiwood Farm 1665 Town Hill Road Wolcott, VT 05680 802-888-2881
[email protected] http://www.vtpuresyrup.com Occupational Fields: farmer (maple syrup) Shelburne Farms 1611 Harbor Road Shelburne, VT 05482 802-985-8686 Fax: 802-985-8123
[email protected] http://www.shelburnefarms.org Occupational Fields: farmer, educator Someday Farm Dorset Hill Road Dorset, VT 05251 802-362-2290 Occupational Fields: organic market gardener (vegetables, chickens, turkeys, pheasants, maple syrup), sustainable forester Tanyard Farm Route 14 West Hartford, VT 06101 802-295-7827 Fax: 802-295-7827 Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables, flowers) University of Vermont Intervale Foundation 85 South Prospect Street Burlington, VT 05405-0001 802-656-8846 Occupational Fields: farmer Wellspring Farm 182 Lafiria Place Marshfield, VT 05658 802-426-3361
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Wildwood Farm 2862 Mad Tom Road East Dorset, VT 05253 802-362-4519 Occupational Fields: farmer, beekeeper
76 Agricultural Workers
VIRGINIA Blue Ridge Center for Environmental Stewardship 11661 Harpers Ferry Road Purcellville, VA 20132 540-668-7640 Fax: 540-668-7649
[email protected] http://www.brces.org Occupational Fields: farmer (community supported agriculture) Cibola Farms 10075 Stone Bridge Road Culpeper, VA 22701 540-727-8590 Fax: 540-727-8591
[email protected] http://www.cibolafarms.com Occupational Fields: farmer (livestock) Full Circle Organic Farm 320 Fork Drive Floyd, VA 24091 540-745-3182 Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables, herbs, mushrooms) George Washington: Pioneer Farmer Internships Mount Vernon, VA 22121 717-799-8611
[email protected] http://www.mountvernon.org Occupational Fields: farmer Greenstar Farm 1025 Jennelle Road Blacksburg, VA 24060
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic market gardener
703-759-2123
[email protected] http://www.geocities.com/moutouxorchard Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables, cows, goats, chickens, community supported agriculture, bakery) Tabard Farm 2325 First Street Middletown, VA 22645-9510 540-869-0104 Fax: 540-869-0176 Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables) Wheatland Vegetable Farms Route 694 and 287th Waterford, VA 22190 540-882-3568 Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetables) Wollam Farm 5167 Jeffersonton Road Jeffersonton, VA 22724 540-937-3222 Occupational Fields: farmer (flowers)
WASHINGTON Betteridge Farm 3547 Betteridge Road Valley, WA 99181 509-937-2043
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Black Sheep Farm 1023 King Street Port Angeles, WA 98363
[email protected] Occupational Fields: market gardener
Herb Farm PO Box 48 Piney River, VA 22964 434-277-8393
[email protected] Occupational Fields: herbs, aquaculture
Blue Heron Farm 12179 SR 530 Rockport, WA 98283 360-853-8449 Fax: 360-853-8449
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
Moutoux Orchard 1322 Beulah Road Vienna, VA 22182
Chavriole Farm Teaching Foundation 39401 NE 94th Avenue PO Box 149
Agricultural Workers 77
La Center, WA 98629 360-263-5075
[email protected] http://www.chavriole.org Occupational Fields: farmer, educator Childs Creek Farm 29948 Lyman Hamilton Hwy. Sedro Wooley, WA 98284 360-303-1757
[email protected] http://www.valleyint.com/childscreekfarm Occupational Fields: farmer Coyote Creek Farm 13639 Erskine Road SW Rochester, WA 98579-9704 360-705-2490
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Earth & Sky Organics E. 15014 Laurel Road Elk, WA 99009 509-292-0423
[email protected] http://www.ic.org/nica/communities/dap1.htm Occupational Fields: organic farmer Friends of the Trees Society PO Box 4469 Bellingham, WA 98227 503-997-9200 / 360-676-7704 Fax: 997-997-9200
[email protected] http://www.friendsofthetrees.net Occupational Fields: sustainable forester Full Circle Organic Farm Carnation, WA 98104 425-333-4677 Fax: 425-333-4678
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer Gibbs Organic Produce 11632 Freund Canyon Road Leavenworth, WA 98826 509-548-5185 Occupational Fields: organic farmer
Jubilee Farm 229 West Snoqualmie River Road NE Carnation, WA 98014 425-222-4558
[email protected] http://www.jubileefarm.org Occupational Fields: farmer Maple Rock Farm 845 Pinneo Road Eastsound, WA 98245 360-376-5994
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Morning Star Farm Orcas, WA 98280 360-376-5265 Fax: 360-376-5265
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Mother Flight Farm 20482 Skagit City Road Mount Vernon, WA 98273 360-445-3501
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Nature’s Last Stand Carnation, WA 98014 415-444-6541
[email protected] http://www.natureslaststand.com Occupational Fields: farmer Nootka Rose Farm Waldron Island, WA 98297 360-317-8239 Occupational Fields: farmer The Organic Farm 1064 Harmony Drive Longview, WA 98632 360-425-6250 Occupational Fields: farmer (vegetable, fruits, nuts), sustainable forester Persephone Farm PO Box 158 Indianola, WA 98342
78 Agricultural Workers
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Salt Creek Farm 310 Salt Creek Road Port Angeles, WA 98363 360-928-3583
[email protected] or
[email protected] http://www.saltcreekfarm.org Occupational Fields: farmer Seattle Tilth Association 4649 Sunnyside Avenue North, Room 120 Seattle, WA 98103 206-633-0451
[email protected] http://www.seattletilth.org Occupational Fields: farmer Snohomish County Public Utility District #1 1802 75th Street, SW PO Box 1107 Everett, WA 98206-1107 425-347-5588 Fax: 425-514-5018 Occupational Fields: tree trimmer
http://users.sisna.com/blacknettle/tolstoy/ communitysupportedagriculture.html Occupational Fields: farmer Twelve Moons Farm 574 T-W Eastside Road Winthrop, WA 98862 509-996-4445
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Two Rivers Farm-Gourmet Organics 12450 Wilson Street Leavenworth, WA 98826
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Winlock Meadows Farm 186 Tingle Road Winlock, WA 98596 360-785-4927
[email protected] http://www.winlockmeadowsfarm.com Occupational Fields: farmer
WEST VIRGINIA Sowing Seeds Farm Twisp, WA 98856 509-997-0065 Occupational Fields: farmer Stoney Plains 3808 163 Avenue SW Tenino, WA 98589 360-273-6786 Occupational Fields: farmer Terry’s Berries 4520 River Road Tacoma, WA 98443 206-922-1604 Occupational Fields: farmer (berries, fruits) Tolstoy Farms 32404 Mill Canyon Road North Davenport, WA 99122 509-725-FARM
[email protected]
Garden Patch, The PO Box 3047 Shepherdstown, WV 25443 304-876-3382
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Groundworks Nursery HC 77, Box 345 Hinton, WV 25951 304-466-5181 Fax: 304-466-4581
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer La Paix Farm 3052 Crooked Run Road Alum Bridge, WV 26321 304-269-7681
[email protected] http://www.lapaixherbfarmproducts.com Occupational Fields: farmer
Agricultural Workers 79
Lightstone Foundation Farm Center HC 63, Box 73 Sugar Grove, WV 26815 304-249-5200 Fax: 304-249-5310
[email protected] http://www.lightstone.org Occupational Fields: farmer Spangler Farm Route 81, Box 65-A Ballard, WV 24918 304-753-5722
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
WISCONSIN Avalanche Organics Farm S7200 Hwy. 131 Viola, WI 54664 608-629-5296 Fax: 608-629-5296
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Blackberry Community Farm E7339 County Road South Wheeler, WI 54772 715-658-1042
[email protected] http://members.localnet.com/~bhftrust/ Occupational Fields: farmer (orchards, vegetables, bees) Growing Power 5500 West Silver Spring Road Milwaukee, WI 53218 414-527-1546 Fax: 414-527-1908
[email protected] http://www.growingpower.org Occupational Fields: farmer Occupational Fields: farmer King’s Hill Farm 19370 County Hwy. G Mineral Point, WI 53565 608-776-3414 Fax: 608-776-8109
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer
Krusenbaum Farm W3194 County Road D Elkhorn, WI 53121 Occupational Fields: farmer Philadelphia Community Farm 579 280th Street Osceola, WI 54020 715-294-4048
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Rare Earth Farms 6806 Hwy. KW Belgium, WI 53004 262-285-7070 Fax: 262-285-7070
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Roberts & Cash/Elsie’s Farm E. 5166 1370th Avenue Ridgeland, WI 54763 612-825-2078 Fax: 612-825-0301 Occupational Fields: farmer Scotch Hill Farm 910 Scotch Hill Road Brodhead, WI 53520 608-897-4288
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Society for Agricultural Training Through Integrated Voluntary Activities Route Two, Box 242W Viola, WI 54664 Occupational Fields: farmer Springdale Farm W7065 Silver Spring Lane Plymouth, WI 53073 920-892-4856
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Wellspring CSA 4382 Hickory Road West Bend, WI 53090-8800
80 Agricultural Workers
262-675-6755
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer (community supported agriculture) Zinniker Farm N7479 Bowers Road Elkhorn, WI 53121 Occupational Fields: farmer
CANADA ALBERTA International Agricultural Exchange Association 7710 5th Street, SE Calgary, AB T2H 2L9 403-255-7799 Fax: 403-255-6024
[email protected] http://members.ozemail.com.au/~iaea/iaeaafc.htm Occupational Fields: farmer
BRITISH COLUMBIA Stewards of Irreplaceable Land (SOIL) PO Box 807 Sooke, BC V0S 1N0 250-642-3671
[email protected] http://www.soilapprenticeships.org Occupational Fields: farmer WWOOF Canada 4429 Carlson Road Nelson, BC VIL 6X3 250-354-4417
[email protected] http://www.wwoof.ca/Canada Occupational Fields: farmer
ONTARIO Everdale Farm and Environmental Learning Center PO Box 29 Hillsburgh, ON N0B 1Z0 519-855-6533 Fax: 519-866-6531
[email protected] http://www.everdale.org
Occupational Fields: organic farmer, renewable energy specialist, alternative construction builder, water management specialist Fourfold Farm #7682 RR #2 Elora, ON N0B 1S0 519-843-6822 Occupational Fields: farmer Ignatius Farm CSA PO Box 1238 Guelph, ON N1H 6N6 519-824-1250
[email protected] Occupational Fields: farmer Meeting Place Farm RR #1 Lucknow, ON N0G 2H0 519-528-2493
[email protected] http://www.gks.com/organic/mcqufarm Occupational Fields: farmer Switch Farm 10715 Guelph Lne Campbellville, ON L0P 1B0 905-854-3291 Fax: 905-854-4383 Occupational Fields: farmer
QUEBEC Les Jardins de la Montagne 102 Rang de la Montagne Rougemont, QC J0L 1MO 450-469-5358
[email protected] Occupational Fields: organic farmer (vegetables, orchards, herbs)
AIRCRAFT AND AVIONICS MECHANICS AND SERVICE TECHNICIANS RELATED SECTIONS: engineers and engineering technicians, mechanics, auto body workers
To keep aircraft in peak operating condition, aircraft and avionics mechanics and service technicians perform scheduled maintenance, make repairs, and complete inspections required by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). They inspect engines, landing gear, instruments, pressurized sections, accessories—brakes, valves, pumps, and air-conditioning systems, for example—and other parts of the aircraft, and do the necessary maintenance and replacement of parts. Inspections take place following a schedule based on the number of hours the aircraft has flown, calendar days since the last inspection, cycles of operation, or a combination of these factors. Large, sophisticated planes are equipped with aircraft monitoring systems, which consist of electronic boxes and consoles that monitor the aircraft’s basic operations and provide valuable diagnostic information to the mechanic. To examine an engine, aircraft and avionics mechanics work through specially designed openings while standing on ladders or scaffolds, or use hoists or lifts to remove the entire engine from the craft. After taking an engine apart, mechanics use precision instruments to measure parts for wear and use X-ray and magnetic inspection equipment to check for invisible cracks. Worn or defective parts are repaired or replaced. Mechanics may also repair sheet metal or composite surfaces, measure the tension of control cables, and check for corrosion, distortion, and cracks in the fuselage, wings, and tail. After completing all repairs, they must test the equipment to ensure that it works properly. In addition to the above work, they also replace defective parts, interpret technical manuals, drawings, and blueprints, test aircraft systems, record problems and actions taken to rectify them, and maintain an accurate statement of the maintenance history of the aircraft. Troubleshooting includes reviewing structural, mechanical, or hydraulic systems to identify problems. Other responsibilities include testing repaired equipment for proper performance, cleaning and lubricating equipment, and other routine maintenance work. The work of an aircraft and avionics mechanic requires a high degree of accuracy and extreme thoroughness. All mechanics and technicians need manual dexterity and good hand-eye coordination. Further, they must be in good physical condition since heavy lifting and climb-
ing may be required. Agility is important for the reaching and climbing necessary to do the job. Because they may work on the tops of wings and fuselages on large jet planes, aircraft mechanics must not be afraid of heights. They must be able to interpret and follow written instructions and blueprints. An understanding of computerized machinery, as well as good communication and analysis skills are important. Upgrading skills to stay abreast of technological change is crucial for those who wish to succeed. They also need strong color vision and hearing. Employers seek applicants who are self-motivated, hardworking, enthusiastic, and able to diagnose and solve complex mechanical problems. Mechanics who specialize in repair work depend on the pilot’s description of a problem to find and fix faulty equipment. For example, during a preflight check, a pilot may discover that the aircraft’s fuel gauge does not work. To solve the problem, mechanics may troubleshoot the electrical system, using electrical test equipment to make sure that no wires are broken or shorted out, and replace any defective electrical or electronic components. Mechanics work as fast as safety permits so that the aircraft can be put back into service quickly. Some mechanics work on one or many different types of aircraft, such as jets, propeller-driven airplanes, and helicopters. Others specialize in one section of a particular type of aircraft, such as the engine, hydraulics, or electrical system. Powerplant mechanics are authorized to work on engines and do limited work on propellers. Airframe mechanics are authorized to work on any part of the aircraft except the instruments, powerplants, and propellers. Combination airframe-and-powerplant mechanics— called A & P mechanics—work on all parts of the plane, except instruments. The majority of mechanics working on civilian aircraft today are A & P mechanics. In small, independent repair shops, mechanics usually inspect and repair many different types of aircraft. Avionics systems are now an integral part of aircraft design and have vastly expanded the capabilities of aircraft. Avionics technicians repair and maintain components used for aircraft navigation and radio communications, weather radar systems, and other instruments and computers that control flight, engine, and other primary functions. These duties may require additional licenses, 81
82 Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians
such as a radiotelephone license issued by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Because of technological advances, an increasing amount of time is spent repairing electronic systems, such as computerized controls. Technicians also may be required to analyze and develop solutions to complex electronic problems. Entry into this field is highly regulated by the FAA. Requirements vary depending upon the exact position that is sought. At least 18 months of work experience is required for an airframe, powerplant, or avionics repairer’s certificate. For a combined A & P (airframe and powerplant) certificate, at least 30 months of experience working with both engines and airframes is required. Completing an FAA-certified mechanic’s program can substitute for the work experience requirement. Applicants for all certificates also must pass written and oral tests and demonstrate that they can do the work authorized by the certificate. To obtain an inspector’s authorization, a mechanic must have held an A & P certificate for at least 3 years. Most airlines require that mechanics have a high school diploma and an A & P certificate. Most aircraft and avionics mechanics learn their job in a trade school that is certified by the FAA. Approximately one-third of these schools award two- and four-year degrees in aviation maintenance management, aviation technology, or avionics. Certified mechanic schools are required by FAA standards to offer students a minimum of 1,900 actual class hours. Coursework in these trade schools normally lasts from 24 to 30 months and provides training with the tools and equipment used on the job. Aircraft trade schools are placing more emphasis on technologies such as turbine engines, composite materials—including graphite, fiberglass, and boron—and aviation electronics, which are increasingly being used in the construction of new aircraft. Additionally, employers prefer mechanics who can perform a variety of tasks. Some aircraft and avionics mechanics learn their trade in the Armed Forces and acquire enough general experience to satisfy the work experience requirements for the FAA certificate. These mechanics may eventually pass the certifying exam with additional study. Generally, though, jobs in the Armed Forces are too specialized to provide the diverse types of experience required by the FAA. Military experience is, however, a great benefit to those going into this field and is looked upon very favorably by employers. Training in the technical schools consists of courses in mathematics, physics, chemistry, electronics, computer science, and mechanical drawing, among others. These courses teach the basic principles involved in the operation of aircraft, and knowledge of these principles is often necessary to make repairs.
Once certified, aircraft and avionics mechanics must keep their certification valid by working at least 1,000 hours in each 24-month period before recertifying or by taking a refresher course. Mechanics must also take 16 hours of training during every 24-month period in order to retain their certificate. In addition, the development of new and more complex aircraft means that some employers are requiring their mechanics to participate in ongoing training to keep their skills up to date. Mechanics are often able to satisfy these training requirements with courses offered by their employers or by manufacturers of the equipment they work on. As aircraft and avionics mechanics gain experience, they may advance to lead mechanic (or crew chief), inspector, lead inspector, or shop supervisor positions. Opportunities are best for those who have an aircraft inspector’s authorization. In the airlines, where promotion often is determined by examination, supervisors sometimes advance to executive positions. Those with broad experience in maintenance and overhaul might become inspectors with the FAA. With additional business and management training, some open their own aircraft maintenance facilities. Mechanics learn many different skills in their training that can be applied to other jobs, and some transfer to other skilled repairer occupations or electronics technician jobs. In general an applicant should ■
■ ■ ■
be a high school graduate or hold a GED certificate be in good physical condition have an aptitude for mathematics and sciences be interested in receiving ongoing training to keep up with developments in the field
APPRENTICESHIP SALARIES During on-the-job training, salaries for aircraft and avionics and service technicians are about half of what certified mechanics and technicians earn.
POSTAPPRENTICESHIP SALARIES Aircraft and avionics mechanics and service technicians earn between $13 and $29 an hour, with most workers in the field earning about $21 an hour. Aircraft and avionics mechanics and service technicians working in the scheduled air transportation industry earn the highest wages, followed by mechanics and service technicians who work for the federal government. Those who work in support activities for air transportation have the low-
Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians 83
est wages in the industry, with a median hourly wage of $17.64.
JOB OUTLOOK The outlook for aircraft and avionics equipment mechanics and service technicians who have completed aircraft mechanic training programs is excellent. Employment is expected to grow about as fast as the average for all occupations through the year 2012. Most job openings will occur as a result of the need to replace experienced mechanics who retire, although openings will also arise from workers leaving their jobs to work in related fields, such as automobile mechanics. Avionics technician jobs are the only ones in this field that are expected to increase at a slower than average rate. Although the long-term forecast is excellent in this field, currently there is little or no growth for these occupations as the airline industry recovers from the events of September 11, 2001, and struggles to respond to the weakened economy, which has created less demand for passenger air traffic. However, as the country recovers from these circumstances, a growing population should create increased demand for passenger airline services, which in turn will increase the demand for aircraft mechanics and service technicians. Another factor that is likely to increase demand for aircraft and avionics mechanics and service technicians is a trend toward decreasing enrollments in technical schools. Many students with aptitude for this type of job are choosing to go to a four-year college and pursue jobs in computer-related work, where the working conditions are generally considered to be more favorable. If this continues, there will be a shortage of trained mechanics and technicians when the air transportation industry begins to grow again. Opportunities for jobs in this field are expected to be best at small commuter and regional airlines, at FAA repair stations, and in general aviation. Although the wages at small commuter and regional airlines tend to be lower, this is the fastest growing segment of the airline industry. Jobs with the federal government are expected to decrease as a result of the government relying more heavily on outside contractors. Competition is most keen for jobs with the large airlines because the better pay and travel benefits attract some of the most highly qualified candidates. As is generally true, job prospects are best for applicants with experience. In addition, mechanics with up-to-date training in electronics, composite materials, and cutting-edge technologies will stand the best chance in a competitive job application process.
NATIONAL PROGRAMS Professional Aviation Maintenance Association 717 Princess Street Alexandria, VA 22314 703-683-3171 Fax: 703-683-0018
[email protected] http://www.pama.org Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
For more information about licensing in Canada, go to Canadian Aviation Maintenance Council (CAMC) 155-955 Green Valley Crescent Ottawa, Ontario K2C 3V4 613-727-8272 Fax: 613-727-7018 http://www.camc.ca Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Transport Canada Aircraft Maintenance and Manufacturing (AARP) 330 Sparks Street, 2nd Floor Place de Ville, Tower C Ottawa ON K1A 0N8 613-952-1018 TTY/TDD: 888-675-6863 Fax: 613-952-3298
[email protected] http://www.tc.gc.ca/civilaviation/maintenance/aarpb/ menu.htm Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
APPRENTICESHIP PROFILE Avionics Technician Program Regional Manufacturing Technology Center 405 Hill-Brady Road Battle Creek, MI 49015 269-965-4137
[email protected] http://www.kellogg.edu/rmtc/skilledtrades/avionics.html
General Nature of the Job A specialized field within the larger field of aircraft and avionics and service technicians is that of the avionics technicians. These workers service finely tuned mechanical instruments. The electrical/mechanical instrumentation on most small- and medium-sized planes must be
84 Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians
serviced at set intervals and requires the use of micro tool sets and magnifying glasses. In addition to inspecting the plane’s instruments and performing needed repairs, avionics technicians must carefully document everything they do to an airplane. Using standard checklists, these technicians record their findings and describe their recommendations for actions to be taken. “These records assist the engineers who oversee the plane’s maintenance, while also providing a system that draws attention to recurring problems with the instruments,” says Michael Inge. Other responsibilities of the avionics technician include programming instruments. Avionics instruments require careful programming when they are first installed in a plane, at regular, set maintenance intervals, and when they must be upgraded to interface with other instruments and navigational equipment. This programming usually involves using an interface designed by the equipment manufacturer and equipment documentation must be consulted while working. According to Michael, it is helpful to be good at reading complex technical directions. The avionics technician also is responsible for running the check programs that are designed by the instrument manufacturers to self-check control systems in sophisticated modern aircraft. The technician will run the program, verify the results, and interpret any alarm codes that occur during check programs that run continuously. Michael says most of the training in his program focuses on work in well-equipped electronics shops, but that avionics technicians must also be prepared to go out to remote locations at times to work on the instruments in an airplane. “When performing emergency repairs, technicians in the field sometimes the lack the tools that they need, but can improvise well if they fully understand the instruments on which they are working, “ Michael says.
Typical Day A typical day for Michael at the Regional Manufacturing Technology Center involves a full day of classroom work, which includes such subjects as Aircraft Weather Radar and Global Positioning Systems Lab, as well as classes in FAA and FCC regulations and rules. “It’s mostly hands-on training,” Michael says. “We work with actual instruments that are found on all kinds of aircraft. The first classes you take when you start the program introduce you to general electronic skills, then you move on to apply those skills in specific avionics situations.”
Path to Becoming an Apprentice Once Michael completes the Avionics Technician Program, he will be eligible to take the tests for certification in his field. Upon passing the tests and getting certified, he will be ready to go to work as an avionics technician. The hands-on work experience in his FAA-certified technical school satisfies the FAA’s requirements for on-thejob training. Total program costs in 2005 at the Regional Manufacturing Technology Center were $5,633.11.
Salary Range The avionics technician field is considered to be very promising. “The pay is extremely good compared to other industry-based technicians,” Michael says. He hopes to earn about $45,000 a year when he goes to work and says that many seasoned employees in the field make up to $60,000 a year. The pay scale indicates the high status accorded those in this field as well as the relatively high level of demand for the services of avionics technicians.
Advice Michael suggests that anyone entering the field be flexible. Constant training to stay up to date with new technologies and new federal regulations is always going to be part of working as an avionics technician. In Canada, for example, the set of standards for aircraft maintenance has completely changed five times in the past ten years. A necessary part of the job is keeping up with paperwork and regulatory requirements.
Future Goals Avionics technicians may move up by taking jobs with larger companies or moving into management positions. Some may even become FAA inspectors. Michael hopes to eventually work with one of the larger airlines, where the pay and benefits are top-notch. After achieving some seniority on the job, avionics technicians often have the flexibility to move to different locations with a larger airline, he says, and he is interested in seeing other parts of the country.
ALABAMA Enterprise-Ozark Community College Aviation Center 1975 Avenue C Mobile, AL 36615 251-438-2816 Fax: 251-438-2836
[email protected] http://www.eocc.edu/mobile
Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians 85
Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
ARIZONA Chandler-Gilbert Community College 736 East Tahoe Avenue, Building 1 Williams Gateway Airport Mesa, AZ 85212-0908 480-988-8000 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Cochise College 4190 West Highway 80 Douglas, AZ 8560-6190 520-417-4009 http://www.cochise.cc.az.us Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Pima County Community College 7211 South Park Avenue Tucson, AZ 85709 520-206-5906
[email protected] http://www.pima.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
ARKANSAS Arkansas Aviation Technologies Center 4248 South School Avenue Fayetteville, AR 7271 479-443-2283 Fax: 479-443-2266
[email protected] http://www.arkansasaviation.org Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Black River Technical College Aviation Maintenance Pocahantas Municipal Airport Highway 304 East Pocahontas, AR 72455 870-892-4565 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
Pulaski Technical College 1600 West Maryland Avenue North Little Rock, AR 72120 501-812-2200 http://www.pulaskitech.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Southern Arkansas University PO Box 3499 Camden, AR 71701 870-574-4502 http://www.sautech.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Southern Arkansas University Tech—Texarkana Campus 60 Globe Avenue Texarkana, AR 71854 870-574-4502 http://www.sautech.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
CALIFORNIA Antelope Valley Community Colleges 3041 West Avenue K Lancaster, CA 93536 661-722-6300 http://www.avc.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Chaffey Community College 5885 Haven Avenue Ranch Cucamonga, CA 91737-3002 909-941-2698 http://www.chaffey.cc.ca.us Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician City College of San Francisco Department of Aeronautics San Francisco International Airport San Francisco, CA 94128-3928 415-550-4446 http://www.ccsf.cc.ca.us
86 Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians
Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
College of Alameda Building L-920 Oakland International Airport Oakland, CA 94614 510-748-2318 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
Orange Coast College 2701 Fairview Road Costa Mesa, CA 92626 714-432-5712 http://www.orangecoastcollege.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
Gavilan College 490 Skylane Drive Hollister, CA 95023 831-637-1151 http://www.gavilan.cc.ca.us Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
Palo Alto Unified School District 50 Embarcadero Road, Room 904 Palo Alto, CA 94301 650-329-3752 http://www.paadultschool.org Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
Glendale Community College 1500 North Verdugo Road Glendale, CA 91208 818-240-1000 http://www.glendale.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Long Beach City College 1305 East Pacific Coast Highway Long Beach, CA 90806 562-938-3069 http://www.lbcc.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician MT San Antonio College 1100 North Grand Avenue Walnut, CA 91789 909-594-5611
[email protected] http://www.mtsac.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician North Valley Occupational Center 16550 Saticoy Street Aviation Trades Branch Van Nuys, CA 91406 818-785-7511
Reedley College 994 North Reed Avenue Reedley, CA 93291 559-638-3641 http://www.reedleycollege.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Sacramento City College 3835 Freeport Boulevard Sacramento, CA 95822 916-558-2111 http://www.scc.losrios.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician San Bernardino Valley College 701 South Mount Vernon Avenue San Bernardino, CA 92410 909-384-8270 http://www.valleycollege.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician San Diego Miramar College 10440 Black Mountain Road San Diego, CA 92126 858-536-7800 http://www.miramar.sdccd.cc.ca.us Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians 87
San Joaquin Valley College 4985 East Andersen Avenue Fresno, CA 93727 559-651-2500 http://www.sjvc.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician San Jose State University One Washington Square San Jose, CA 95192 406-924-3214 http://www.sjsu.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Sequoia Institute—Sierra Campus 946 Earhart Road Oakland International Airport Oakland, CA 94614 510-569-8436 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Solano Community College School of Aeronautics 230 Airport Road Vacaville, CA 94585 707-864-7154 http://www.solano.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
COLORADO Colorado Northwestern Community College Aviation Maintenance Technology 500 Kennedy Drive Rangley, CO 81648 970-675-3272 http://www.cncc.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Emily Griffith Opportunity School Aircraft Training Center 37835 Astra Way Watkins, CO 80137 303-575-4711 http://egos-school.com Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
CONNECTICUT H H Ellis Regional Vocational Technical School 613 Upper Maple Street Danielson, CT 06239 860-774-8511 http://www.cttech.org/ellis Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
FLORIDA George T. Baker Aviation School 3275 Northwest 42nd Avenue Miami, FL 33142 305-871-3143 http://bakeraviation.dadeschools.net Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Broward Community Colleges 7200 Hollywood Pines Boulevard, Building 99 Pembroke Pines, FL 33024 954-963-8800 http://www.broward.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University 600 South Clyde Morris Boulevard Dayton Beach, FL 32114-3900 904-226-6200 http://www.embryriddle.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician FCCJ Aviation Center of Excellence 13510 Lake Fretwell Street Jacksonville, FL 32221 904-997-2800 http://www.fccj.org/campuses/ace Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Lively Technical Center 500 North Apple Yard Drive Tallahassee, FL 32304 850-487-7468 http://www.livelytech.com Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
88 Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians
Lorenzo Walker Institute of Technology 3702 Estey Avenue Naples, FL 34104 239-430-6900 http://www.lwit.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician National Aviation Academy 6225 Ulmerton Road Clearwater, FL 33760 727-531-2080 http://www.naa.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
GEORGIA Atlanta Technical College 1560 Metro Parkway SW Atlanta, GA 30310 404-225-4400 http://www.atlantatech.org Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Clayton State University 5900 North Lee Street Morrow, GA 30260 http://www.clayton.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Georgia Aviation and Technical College 71 Airport Road Heart of Georgia Regional Airport Eastman, GA 31023 478-374-6400 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Middle Georgia Technical College 80 Cohen Walker Drive Warner Robins, GA31088 478-988-6833 http://www.middlegatech.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
HAWAII Honolulu Community College Department of Aeronautics 140 Iako Place Honolulu, HI 96819 808-831-6838 http://honolulu.hawaii.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
IDAHO Aero Technicians PO Box 7 Rexburg, ID 83440-0007 208-356-4446 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Idaho State University 1455 Flightline—Airport Pocatello, ID 83204-7461 206-236-2677 http://www.isu.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
ILLINOIS Aviation Professional Education Center 130 South Clow International Parkway Bolingbrook, IL 60440 630-293-7100 Fax: 630-293-7199 http://www.aviationprograms.org Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Community College District Number 522 Granite City Center 4950 Maryville Road Granite City, IL 62040 618-235-2700 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Lewis University One University Parkway Romeoville, IL 60446-2200
Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians 89
815-838-0500 http://www.lewisu.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Lincoln Land Community College Capital Airport 815 South Airport Road Springfield, IL 62707 217-786-2406 http://www.llcc.cc.il.us Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Rock Valley College Aviation Tech Greater Rockford Airport 6349 Falcon Road Rockford, IL 61109 815-921-3014 http://www.rockvalleycollege.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
INDIANA American Trans Air Training and Corporation 7251 West McCarty Street Indianapolis, IN 46241 317-240-7013 Fax: 317-243-4569 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Indiana Vocational Technical College 501 South Airport Street Hulman Regional Airport Terre Haute, IN 47803 812-299-1121 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Purdue University Department of Aviation Technology 1401 Aviation Drive West Lafayette, IN 47907-2015 765-494-5782 Fax: 765-494-2305 http://www.tech.purdue.edu/At Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
IOWA Des Moines Public Schools Aviation Technologies Program 2610 McKinley Avenue Des Moines, IA 50321 515-964-6392 http://www.dmps.k12.ia.us/schools/3CentralCampus/ ctprogs/aviation.htm Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Hawkeye Community College 101 East Orange Road PO Box 8015 Waterloo, IA 50704 319-296-2320 http://www.hawkeye.cc.ia.us Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Indian Hills Community College Ottumwa Industrial Airport Ottumwa, IA 52501 641-683-5185 http://www.ihcc.cc.ia.us Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Iowa Western Community College 21915 Cessna Avenue Council Bluffs, IA 51501 712-325-3200 http://iwcc.cc.ia.us Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
KANSAS Airport Campus—Wichita Area Technical Colleges 2021 South Eisenhower Wichita, KS 67209 316-677-1550 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Cowley County College Area Vocational School 7603 East Pawnee Wichita, KS 67207 620-442-0430
90 Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians
http://www.cowley.cc.ks.us Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Kansas State University—Salina 2310 Centennial Road Aero-Center Salina, KS 67401-8196 785-826-2601 http://www.sal.ksu.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
KENTUCKY Jefferson County Public Schools Vanhoose Education PO Box 34020 Louisville, KY 40232-4020 502-485-3251 http://www.jefferson.k12.ky.us Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
LOUISIANA Louisiana Technical College—Lafayette Campus PO Box 4909 1101 Bertrand Drive Lafayette, LA 70506 318-262-5186 Fax: 318-262-5266 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Southern University 3050 Martin Luther King Jr. Drive Shreveport, LA 71107 318-674-3348 http://www.susla.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Sowela Technical Community College 3820 Senator J. Bennett Johnson Avenue Lake Charles, LA 70601 337-491-2692 http://www.sowela.net Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
MASSACHUSETTS East Coast Aero Tech LLC 150 Hanscom Drive Bedford, MA 01730 781-274-8448 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
MICHIGAN Andrews University Andrews Airport Berrien Springs, MI 49104 269-471-3547 http://www.andrews.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Benjamin O Davis Jr. Aerospace Technical Center 10200 Erwin Avenue Detroit, MI 48234 313-866-5401 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Lansing Community College Aviation Technology Program Lansing, MI 48906 517-483-1533 http://www.lansing.cc.mi.us Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Michigan Institute of Aviation and Technology Willow Run Airport-East Side 4788 D Street Belleville, MI 48111 734-483-3758 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Northern Michigan University School of Technology Aviation Department 1401 Presque Isle Avenue Marquette, MI 49885 906-227-2242 http://www.nmu.edu/technology Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians 91
Regional Manufacturing Technology Center 405 Hill-Brafy Road Battle Creek, MI 49015 269-965-4137
[email protected] http://www.kellogg.edu/rmtcmainweb Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician School of Missionary Aviation Technology 730 Lincoln Lake Avenue Lowell, MI 49331 616-897-5785 http://www.smat-aviation.org Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
MINNESOTA Minneapolis Community and Technical College Aviation Training Center 10100 Fling Cloud Drive Eden Prairie, MN 55347 612-341-7055 http://www.mctc.mnscu.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Minnesota State College—Southeast Technical 110 Galewski Drive Winona, MN 55987 507-453-2630 http://www.southeastmn.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Northland Community and Technical College Aviation Center 13892 Airport Drive Thief River Falls, MN 56701 218-681-0829 http://www.northland.cc.mn.us/aviation Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
http://www.hindscc.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Northwest Mississippi Community College 8750 Deerfield Drive Olive Branch, MS 38654 662-280-6182 http://www.northwestms.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
MISSOURI Central Missouri State University Department of Aviation T.R. Aines 210 Warrensburg, MO 64093 660-543-4975 http://www.cmsu.edu/aviation Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician College of the Ozarks Inc. Graham Clark Airport Point Lookout, MO 65726 417-334-6411 http://www.cofo.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Gateway Institute of Technology 5101 McRee Avenue St. Louis, MO 63110 314-776-3300 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Linn State Technical College 1 Technology Drive Linn, MO 65051 314-897-2711 http://www.linnstate.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
MISSISSIPPI Hinds Community College District 4130 Airport Road Raymond, MS 39041 601-857-3230
MONTANA Helena College of Technology 2300 Airport Road Aero Division
92 Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians
Helena, MT 59601 406-444-1225 http://www.umhelena.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
Aviation Training Institute at Vaughan Colleges LaGuardia Airport 86-01 23rd Avenue New York, NY 11369 718-429-6600 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
NEW HAMPSHIRE New Hampshire Community Tech College Nashua Claremont Campus 505 Amherst Street PO Box 2052 Nashua, NH 0301 603-882-6923 http://ms.nhctc.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
NEW JERSEY New Jersey Academy of Aviation Science 112 Leddon Street Millville, NJ 08332 856-825-5009 Fax: 856-5917
[email protected] http://www.cumberland.tec.nj.us/aviation.htm Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
NEW MEXICO Eastern New Mexico University Roswell Campus PO Box 6000 Roswell, NM 88201 505-624-7328 http://www.roswell.enmu.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
NEW YORK Aviation High School 36th Street & Queens Boulevard Long Island City, NY 11101 718-361-2032 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
Eastern Suffolk Aviation Academy 133 Dawn Drive Shirley, NY 11967-1822 631-286-6500 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Lewis Wilson Technological Center 7200 Republic Airport Farmingdale, NY 11735 631-752-1957 http://www.wilsontech.org Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
NORTH CAROLINA Craven Community College Aviation Systems Training Center 301 Cunningham Boulevard Havelock, NC 28532 252-444-6005 http://www.cravencc.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Guilford Technical Community College 260 North Regional Road Greensboro, NC 27409 336-665-9425 http://technet.gtcc.cc.nc.us Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Piedmont Baptist College Sugar Valley Carport 249 Gilbert Road Mocksville, NC 27028 336-998-371 http://www.pbc.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians 93
OHIO Aerospace Center 11791 West Airport Service Road Swanton, OH 43558 419-865-4651 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Cincinnati State Technical and Community College 10030 West Road Harrison, OH 45030 513-569-1511 http://www.cinstate.cc.oh.us Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Columbus State Community College 5355 Alkire Road Bolton Field Columbus, OH 43228 614-287-2677 http://www.cscc.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Great Oaks Institute of Technology 300 Oak Drive Wilmington, OH 45177 513-771-8840 http://www.greatoaks.com Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Mahoning County Career and Technical Center 7300 North Palmyra Road Canfield, OH 44406 330-729-4000 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Miami Valley Career Technology Center 6800 Hoke Road Clayton, OH 45315 937-854-6358 http://www.mvctc.com Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Sinclair Community College 444 West Third Street Dayton, OH 45402
937-512-2242 http://www.sinclair.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
OKLAHOMA Autry Technology Center 1201 West Willow Street Enid, OK 73703 405-242-2750 http://www.autrytech.com Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Aviation Maintenance Technician School Idabel Airport Route 2, Box 100 Idabel, OK 74745 580-286-4377 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Canadian Valley Technology Center 6505 East Highway 66 El Reno, OK 73036-9117 405-422-2242 http://www.cvtech.org Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Gordon Cooper Area Vocational Technical School One John C. Burton Boulevard Shawnee, OK 74804 405-273-7493 http://www.gctech.org Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Metro Tech Aviation Career Center 5600 South Macarthur Oklahoma City, OK 7319-8205 405-605-5500 http://www.metrotech.org/campuses/acc Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
94 Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians
OREGON Lane Community College 4000 East 30th Avenue Eugene, OR 97405 541-463-5200 http://www.lanecc.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Portland Community College 17705 NW Springville Road Portland, OR 97229 503-614-7294 http://spot.pcc.edu/academ/amtpages Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
Greenville Technical College 111 Connecticut Donaldson Center Greenville, SC 29605 864-228-5010 http://www.greenvilletech.com Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician North American Institute of Aviation 1700 Airport Road Conway, SC 29527 843-397-9111 http://www.naiasc.com Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
SOUTH DAKOTA PENNSYLVANIA Aviation Institute of Maintenance Northeast Philadelphia Airport 3001 Grant Avenue Philadelphia, PA 19114 215-676-7700 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Pennsylvania College of Technology 500 Loyalsock Road Montousville, PA 17754 570-326-3761 http://www.pct.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Pittsburgh Institute of Aeronautics 5 Allegheny County Airport West Mifflin, PA 15122 412-462-5507 http://www.piainfo.org/aviation Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
SOUTH CAROLINA Bob Jones University 8 Opportunity Place Greenville, SC 290 864-242-5100 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
Lake Area Technical Institute 230 NE 11th Street PO Box 730 Watertown, SD 57201 605-882-5284 http://lati.tec.sd.us Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
TENNESSEE Middle Tennessee State University Department of Aerospace PO Box 67 Murfreesboro, TN 37132 615-898-5216 http://aerospace.web.mtsu.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician North Central Institute One College Plaza 168 Jack Miller Boulevard Clarksville, TN 37042 931-431-9700 http://www.nci.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
TEXAS Amarillo College Building 8211 NE 27th and Avenue D
Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians 95
Amarillo, TX 79111 806-335-4277 http://www.actx.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Aviation Maintenance Training Inc. 2502 Ledbetter Drive Dallas, TX 75233 214-333-9711 http://www.fixthatplane.com Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Hallmark Institute of Aeronautics 8901 Wetmore Road San Antonio, TX 78216 210-690-9000 http://www.hallmarkinstitute.com Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Letourneau University School of Aeronautical Science 2100 South Mobberly Avenue Longview, TX 75602 903-233-3000 http://www.letu.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Midland College AMT 2405 Windeker Street, Hangar E Midland, TX 79711 915-563-8952 http://www.midland.edu/~amt Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Skyline Career Development Center 7777 Forney Road Dallas, TX 75227 972-502-3490 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
UTAH Salt Lake Community College 4600 South Redwood Road Salt Lake City, UT 84131
801-957-4144 http://www.slcc.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
VERMONT Burlington Technical Center 52 Institute Road Burlington, VT 05401 802-864-8426 http://burlingtontech.org Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
VIRGINIA Aviation Resources Inc. 970 Airport Road Lynchburg, VA 24502 434-237-8429 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Hampton University Aeroscience Center 902 Bland Boulevard, Suite 6 Newport News/Williamsburg International Airport Newport News, VA 23602 757-727-5773 http://www.hamptonu.edu/academics/continuing_ed/ aeroscience.htm Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
WASHINGTON Big Bend Community Colleges 7662 Chanute Street, Building 3200 Moses Lake, WA 98837-3299 509-762-6242 http://www.bigbend.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Clover Park Technical College 17214 110th Avenue Puyallup, WA 98374-9509 253-583-8923 http://www.cptc.ctc.edu/cptc/pages/AvMaint.html Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
96 Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians
Everett Community College 9711 31st Place West Building C-80, C81 Paine Field Everett, WA 98204 425-388-9212 http://www.evcc.ctc.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
WEST VIRGINIA Byrd National Aerospace Education Center 105 East Benedum Industrial Drive Bridgeport, WV 26330-9503 340-842-8300 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
WISCONSIN Blackhawk Technical Colleges 4618 South Columbia Drive Janesville, WI 53546 800-498-1282 http://www.blackhawk.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Fox Valley Technical School 3601 Oregon Street PO Box 2037 Oshkosh, WI 54903-2037 920-735-5717 http://www.fvtc.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Gateway Technical College Aviation Center 4940 88th Avenue Kenosha, WI 53142-1690 262-564-3000 http://www.gtc.edu Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Milwaukee Area Technical College 422 East College Avenue Milwaukee, WI 53207 414-571-4737 http://www.milwaukee.tec.wi.us
Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
PUERTO RICO Miguel Such Metropolitan Vocational School Apartado 364705 San Juan, PR 00936-4705 809-754-1270 Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
CANADA ALBERTA The Northern Alberta Institute of Technology 11762 106 Street Edmonton, AB T5G 2R1 780-471-740 http://www.nait.ca Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Southern Alberta Institute of Technology 1301 16th Avenue Calgary, AB T2M 0L4 403-284-7248 http://www.sait.ab.ca Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
BRITISH COLUMBIA Camosun College 3100 Foul Bay Road Victoria, BC V8P 5J2 250-370-3550 http://www.camosun.bc.ca Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician College of New Caledonia 3330 22nd Avenue Prince George, BC V2N 1P8 250-562-2131 http://www.cnc.bc.ca Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Northern Lights College 11401 8th Street Dawson Creek, BC V1G 4G2
Aircraft and Avionics Mechanics and Service Technicians 97
250-784-7613 http://www.nlc.bc.ca Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician North Island College 2300 Ryan Road Courtenay, BC V9N 8N6 250-334-5000 http://www.nic.bc.ca Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
MANITOBA Red River College 2280 Saskatchewan Avenue Winnipeg, MB R3J 3Y9 204-945-6001 Fax: 204-948-2499
[email protected] http://www.rrc.mb.ca Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
NOVA SCOTIA Okanagan College 3333 University Way Kelowna, BC V1V 1A7 250-762-5445 http://www.okanagan.bc.ca Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Thompson Rivers University 900 McGill Road PO Box 3010 Kamloops, BC V2C 5N3 250-828-5000 http://tru.ca Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician Vancouver Community College 1155 East Broadway Vancouver, BC V5T 4V5 604-871-7000 http://www.vcc.bc.ca Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
Nova Scotia Community College PO Box 220 Halifax, NS B3J 2M4 902-491-4911 TTY: 902-491-5509 Fax: 902-491-3514 http://www.nscc.ca Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
ONTARIO Centennial College 941 Poress Avenue Toronto, ON M1G 3T8 416-289-5000 http://www.centennialcollege.ca Occupational Fields: avionics technician, aircraft maintenance mechanic, aircraft service technician
ARTISTS AND ARTISANS RELATED SECTIONS: book arts workers, communications specialists, crafts and trades workers at living histori-
cal sites and farms, metalworkers, museum and gallery workers, painters and paperhangers, printing industry workers, theater workers, tile setters Most states sponsor programs and offer grants to support artists and artisans. Many of these programs are funded at least in part by the National Endowment for the Arts. The Folk Arts Program, for example, encourages cultural activities with ethnic, occupational, religious, or regional aspects; it also provides funding for work done by artists and artisans of a certain age or gender. The Folk Arts Program is dedicated to preserving artistic traditions that have been passed from one generation to the next, including the tradition of mentors teaching apprentices. Folk arts apprenticeships usually require the master and apprentice to be of the same cultural background and that the craft be a traditional craft of that culture. Most states require that the master be a skilled practitioner of the craft and that the apprentice already have some skill in the craft. Some states fund only crafts and skills that are in danger of being lost because few people are practicing them. Folk arts apprenticeships generally range from three months to a year in length. Apprenticeships in the Folk Arts Program might include musical instrument making, Ukrainian egg painting, canoe building, basket making, lace making, storytelling, Acadian singing, fiddling, step dancing, rug braiding, gospel singing, snowshoe making, saddle making, Laotian weaving, African drumming, or many other skills. In addition to programs offered for artists and artisans in general, there are many programs that encourage creativity in specific fields. Some of these programs are listed here separately after the general listings. Artisans use creative skills to fashion handmade pottery, baskets, jewelry, leather goods, metal sculptures, and a wide assortment of other items from all sorts of materials. They work with assorted hand tools and power tools, such as hammers, knives, kilns, needles, awls, shears, screwdrivers, saws, sanders, and buffers. Artisans sell their wares at craft fairs, bazaars, retail outlets, and by mail order. Some make their entire living from their creations, but most work part-time at some other job. Performing artists entertain the public with music, dancing, acting, and other productions, often on stage or for the film industry. Musicians play instruments, sing, write songs, or conduct orchestras or other musical groups. Performing musicians may work alone or in a band, orchestra, rock group, or jazz combo. They often work at night or on weekends
and must spend time practicing and traveling to performances. They may work only part-time as musicians and hold other jobs to supplement their incomes. About a third of musicians are self-employed; others work for symphony orchestras, ballet companies, restaurants, bars, motion picture or television companies, and other organizations. About 60 percent of employed musicians work for religious groups. Musicians who can play several instruments and types of music are more apt to find employment than those limited to one instrument or type of music. Musical instrument repairers and tuners make sure that instruments such as pianos, organs, violins, drums, and saxophones perform properly; the trade requires mechanical aptitude and manual dexterity. About a third work in repair shops or music stores; the remainder are self-employed. Those who specialize in large instruments, such as pianos, may travel great distances to perform their work in homes, churches, and other sites. Dancers use their bodies to express ideas, tell stories, or convey rhythm and sound. Dancers may specialize in ballet, folk, ethnic, tap, jazz, or modern dance. Many dancers also sing and act; this increases their opportunities in opera, theatrical presentations, music videos, commercials, and the film industry. Some dancers perform alone, but most perform as part of a group. Much of the work is concentrated in large cities. Dancing is a physically demanding career that requires many hours of rehearsal, travel to performances, and work on weekends and late into the evening. Good health, normal feet and arches, flexibility, coordination, grace, and a sense of rhythm and music are essential. Most dancers begin training during childhood, and few continue to perform past the age of 40. Most dancers arrange a professional audition by the age of 17 or 18. An advanced education is not required for this profession. Many dance school companies offer summer training programs; successful students may be invited to enroll in a full-time program afterward. Choreographers create original dances and new versions of old dances, audition dancers, and supervise dancers during rehearsals. Actors read scripts, interpret roles, memorize lines and stage directions, put on makeup, and use facial expression, speech, and body language to portray characters on stage and for television and motion pictures. Some actors dance 98
Artists and Artisans 99
and sing. Few become famous stars; most struggle for some time and must take small parts to gain entry into the field. Dramatic arts require stamina to endure stress and long hours of work, often into the evenings or weekends. Actors also must cope with hot lights, bad weather, heavy costumes, traveling, and irregular work schedules. They need stage presence, poise, charisma, and the ability to memorize lines and take direction; physical appearance is often an important factor. Except for television productions, work opportunities tend to be concentrated in California, New York, Florida, Seattle, and a few other areas, but some work is available at other locations where films are shot. Formal training is usually required to enter this field; it can be gained through work with local and regional theaters. Directors interpret scripts or plays, audition and choose actors, oversee rehearsals, and direct the cast and crew during production. They often approve costumes, scenery, choreography, and music. Producers choose scripts or plays, find funding, hire directors and some members of the cast and crew, negotiate contracts, and generally coordinate the project. Screenwriters and playwrights create scripts for motion pictures and theatrical productions. Visual artists convey emotions and ideas with various media, including watercolors, oils, acrylics, pencils, pen and ink, pastels, silk-screening, plaster, clay, and computer images. The field is usually considered to have two divisions, fine arts and graphic arts, determined for the most part by the artist’s reason for creating the piece. Fine artists are mainly motivated by a desire for expression and often display their work in galleries, museums, and other settings. Commercial and graphic designers create designs for businesses, stores, advertising agencies, publishing companies, and other clients. They often work with computerized design programs but sometimes use pens, pencils, and other traditional artists’ tools. Art directors, also known as visual journalists, oversee the use of photographs, illustrations, and other designs in publications, and they supervise the production process. Illustrators draw or paint illustrations for calendars, books, films, wrapping paper, and other published items; some specialize in drawing pictures of medical or scientific subjects, and others draw story boards for television commercials. Fashion artists draw clothing illustrations for magazines and other media. Sculptors create threedimensional works from plaster, wood, stone, wire, glass, clay, or other media. Painters usually create two-dimensional works, often on canvas. Painting restorers preserve and repair damaged, deteriorating paintings. Printmakers use designs cut into metal, stone, or wood to create printed
images. Cartoonists draw promotional, political, humorous, social, or sports cartoons. Animators draw images by hand and with computers for television and motion pictures. Drafters create detailed, technical drawings used to construct buildings, spacecraft, machinery, bridges, and many other products; they may use computer-aided drafting (CAD) systems. Photographers use their cameras and darkroom skills for commercial, educational, scientific, technical, creative, and entertainment purposes. They may specialize in areas such as industrial, fashion, architectural, fine art, portrait, or journalistic photography. Airbrush artists, spotters, and negative retouchers draw, paint, and perform other finishing touches on photographic prints. Few fine artists sell enough artwork to support themselves entirely; most also hold other jobs, such as teaching art, administering arts programs, or working as curators in museums. Graphic artists are often employed by advertising agencies, corporations, television stations, motion picture companies, newspapers, and publishing companies; many are self-employed and may work from their homes. Visual artists usually work indoors in bright, comfortable surroundings, but they are exposed to fumes from paints, glues, and other materials. Although there are generally no training requirements for a career as an artist or artisan, it is difficult to become highly skilled without some sort of education. In some fields, such as photographic processing, on-the-job training is quite common. Apprentice artists and artisans are sometimes not paid money for their time, but room and board are often offered as partial compensation. Apprentices work under the supervision of experienced artists and artisans. Training programs vary widely, depending on the particular position, the organization, and other factors. In general an applicant should ■ ■ ■
■ ■
apply in person be at least 18 years old be a high school graduate or hold a GED certificate be creative have a strong commitment to the field
APPRENTICESHIP SALARIES Salaries vary widely in this field; many apprenticeship programs offer a small stipend, room and board, or help paying for transportation. Some programs actually charge the apprentice a fee.
100 Artists and Artisans
POSTAPPRENTICESHIP SALARIES About $5 an hour, up to about $20 or more an hour. Earnings vary widely, depending on skill level, geographic location, the employer, and area of expertise.
JOB OUTLOOK Generally fair, but competition in this field is keen, due to its glamorous image. There is a strong demand for commercial artists to work on advertising, design, and television projects. Demand for photographers is expected to continue at an average rate. There is a decreasing overall demand for musical instrument repairers and tuners, because fewer people are playing musical instruments, but those who find training in the field should find less competition than in previous years. The outlook for musicians is good, because many musicians leave the field each year after finding that it cannot provide sufficient income to support them. There is keen competition for employment among dancers, but openings will occur as dancers leave the field. The outlook for actors, directors, and producers is better than average, due to increased demand for movies and theatrical productions, but competition is always keen in this field. For more information on apprenticeships for artists and artisans, contact local job centers, your state bureau of apprenticeship training, or the national organization listed below.
WEB SITES HTML Writers Guild
[email protected] http://www.hwg.org Occupational Fields: writer, graphic designer
enable apprentices and master folk artists to study together. Applications must provide evidence of the art form’s validity as well as information regarding the master artist and apprentice’s skills. In other words, if your grandmother is a master Acadian spinner and you want to learn how to spin and weave, you’ve got a shot, but if your father wants to pass on the family tradition of surfing backwards, it might not pass muster, at least not in this century.
Typical Day It’s Tuesday after work and Lynn Gray drives forty miles to meet with her master teacher, Irvan Perez. It will be a long evening for her—the session will last two hours and then she faces the drive home—but she enjoys her sessions so much that time flies. Mr. Irvan, as Lynn calls him, is a decima singer. Sung a cappella in Spanish, decimas are traditional, ten-stanza ballads of the Isleño culture. Isleños are descendants of the Canary Islanders who immigrated to Louisiana in the eighteenth century. Before teaching Lynn a new song, Mr. Irvan explains its narrative and history while Lynn writes down the information. They then go over the song line by line, Lynn scribbling down the lyrics, and when she has learned the decima, she makes a tape recording of Mr. Irvan singing it. Some of the songs were brought over from the Canary Islands, while others were created locally in Louisiana at work or social gatherings. Many are humorous and provide commentary on local villagers and politics. Initially, Lynn’s sole goal for the apprenticeship was to preserve the songs by writing down the lyrics and recording them. As time passed, however, Mr. Irvan encouraged Lynn to perform. “I was a very shy person, but because I feel like I’m teaching and not performing, it’s much easier to do,” Lynn states. She hopes her performances will encourage others to learn about their cultural heritage and keep it alive.
APPRENTICESHIP PROFILE Louisiana Arts Division Folklife Apprenticeships Capitol Annex Baton Rouge, LA 70802 504-342-8180 http://www.crt.state.la.us/arts
General Nature of the Job Folklife apprenticeships differ from traditional apprenticeships because the goal is not to learn a trade and secure a job; the purpose is to pass on and preserve cultural traditions, including crafts, arts, storytelling, singing, and dancing. The Louisiana Arts Division’s Folklife Apprenticeships
Path to Becoming an Apprentice Lynn became involved in the Folklife Apprenticeships through her membership and involvement with the Canary Island Descendants’ Association (CIDA). Lynn’s ancestors settled in St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana, in the eighteenth century and lived in self-contained villages as fishermen, trappers, and farmers. Having grown up in one of these villages, Delacroix Island, which even today is 90 percent Spanish, Lynn never realized how much her heritage meant to her until she married and moved to Texas. In Texas Lynn enrolled in her first Spanish class and embraced her culture. When she returned to Louisiana, Lynn studied the Canary Island dialect of Spanish
Artists and Artisans 101
spoken in Delacroix Island between the 14th and 17th centuries. It saddens Lynn that many in the younger generations do not know their traditions and cannot speak Spanish, but she hopes her enthusiasm and love for her heritage will be contagious. Lynn believes Mr. Irvan selected her to be his apprentice because of her ability to sing (she had been in a choir for 13 years), her dedication to CIDA, and her ability to read, write, and speak Spanish. These skills were critical because one of the main purposes of the apprenticeship was to record the songs on paper. Because decimas are memorized and passed from person to person, they had never been written down, thus increasing the possibility of the decimas dying out.
Salary Range The Louisiana Arts Division’s Folklife Apprenticeships provide grants of differing amounts. For Lynn’s apprenticeship, Mr. Irvan received compensation for his time, Lynn was reimbursed for mileage, and they obtained equipment funds for a tape recorder and cassettes. Most do not make a career out of folk artistry or craftsmanship. A retired fisherman, Mr. Irvan now has the time to travel to festivals and perform, but previously he only sang locally for enjoyment. There is funding out there for those ambitious enough to track it down, but the most it will do is cover expenses. For Lynn, this is enough: “I’m so grateful to the Louisiana Division of the Arts. They are allowing us to fulfill our dreams of preserving our culture through their generous grants.” Without the grants, CIDA would not be able to purchase materials for their crafts or travel to folk festivals to share their traditions.
Advice Many people do not realize their traditions are valuable. Lynn recalls, “It’s hard to convince people that their traditions are special because to them it’s a necessary part of life—crocheting is necessary because they need shawls to wear in the cold.” Lynn feels it’s important not to let your traditions slip away. Take a look at your heritage, ask questions, and get involved. When CIDA first formed in 1995, Lynn remembers how difficult it was applying for grants, simply because grant applications require you to specify what is special and important about your heritage. “We’re a historically poor and modest people who aren’t used to boasting about our culture, and yet we had to fill in grant applications,” Lynn says. Dedication, perseverance, and organization are key if you want to land a Folklife Apprenticeship. But if you think your traditions are worth preserving, chances are you can convince others as well.
Future Goals Lynn’s immediate goal is to type up the lyrics and background information of the decimas she is learning and to produce a songbook with Mr. Irvan. She will probably discontinue her training with Mr. Irvan so he can take on new students. Lynn does, however, hope to sing a duet with Mr. Irvan and will accompany him on a trip to the Canary Islands, where Mr. Irvan is a celebrity. Although there is currently a revival of folk singing and dancing in the Canary Islands, many traditions have already been lost. Lynn says, “I want to show them how much pride we have in our heritage so they will be inspired as well.” Lynn plans to remain active in CIDA, learning about her heritage and passing traditions along to future generations. There are thirty crafts, including crocheting, lace making, Spanish embroidery, and net weaving, that CIDA is teaching children and grandchildren, and that could add up to plenty more Folklife Apprenticeships.
ALABAMA Alabama State Council on the Arts 201 Monroe Street Montgomery, AL 36130-1800 334-242-4076 Fax: 334-240-3269 http://www.arts.state.al.us Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
ALASKA Alaska State Council on the Arts 411 West Fourth Avenue, Suite One-E Anchorage, AK 99501-2343 907-269-6610 Fax: 907-269-6601 http://www.educ.state.ak.us/aksca Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
ARIZONA Arizona Commission on the Arts 417 West Roosevelt Phoenix, AZ 85003 602-255-5882 Fax: 602-256-5882
[email protected] http://www.arizonaarts.org Occupational Fields: artists/artisan
102 Artists and Artisans
R.R. Donnelley 1145 West Gila Bend Highway, Box C-8 Casa Grande, AZ 85222 520-836-4418 Occupational Fields: photographer, lithographer, etcher, photoengraver Southwest Folklore Center 1053 East Eighth Street, Suite B Tucson, AZ 85719 Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
ARKANSAS Arkansas Arts Council 1500 Tower Building 323 Center Street Little Rock, AR 72201-2606 501-324-9766
[email protected] http://www.arkansasarts.com Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
CALIFORNIA California Arts Council 1300 I Street, Suite 930 Sacramento, CA 95814 916-322-6555 Fax: 916-322-6575 http://www.cac.ca.gov Occupational Fields: artist/artisan International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, Local #776 7715 Sunset Boulevard, Suite 200 Los Angeles, CA 90046 323-876-4770 Fax: 323-876-0861 http://www.editorsguild.com Occupational Fields: motion picture editor International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, Local #800 11969 Ventura Boulevard, Suite 200 Studio City, CA 91604-3138 818-762-9995 Fax: 818-762-9997
[email protected] http://www.artdirectors.org Occupational Fields: motion picture set painter, sign writer, art director
International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, Local #839 4729 Lankershim Boulevard Hollywood, CA 91602-1864 818-766-7151 Fax: 818-506-4805
[email protected] http://www.mpsc839.org/mpsc839 Occupational Fields: motion picture studio cartoonist San Francisco Opera Association Auditions Coordinator 301 Van Ness Avenue San Francisco, CA 94102-4509 415-861-4008 Fax: 415-621-7508 http://www.sfopera.com Occupational Fields: singer, apprentice coach
COLORADO Arvada Center for the Arts and Humanities 6901 Wadsworth Building Arvada, CO 80003-3448 720-898-7235 http://www.arvadacenter.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan Colorado Council on the Arts 1380 Lawrence Street, Suite 1200 Denver, CO 80204-2059 303-866-2723 Fax: 303-866-4266
[email protected] http://www.coloarts.state.co.us Occupational Fields: artist/artisan Western States Arts Federation 1743 Wazee Street, Ste. 300 Denver, Colorado 80202 303-629-1166 Fax: 303-629-9717
[email protected] http://www.westaf.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
CONNECTICUT Connecticut Commission on the Arts One Financial Plaza, 755 Main Street Hartford, CT 06103
Artists and Artisans 103
860-256-2800 Fax: 860-256-2811 TDD: 860-566-6460
[email protected] http://www.cultureandtourism.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan General Dynamics Electric Boat Corporation 75 Eastern Point Road Groton, CT 06340-4905 860-433-3000 Occupational Fields: drafter Institute for Community Research Two Hartford Square West, #100 Hartford, CT 06106-5113 860-278-2044 Fax: 860-278-2141
[email protected] http://www.incommunityresearch.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
DELAWARE
National Endowment for the Arts Public Information Office, Room 803 Nancy Hanks Center 1100 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20004-2501 202-682-5400 http://www.nea.gov Occupational Fields: artist/artisan Smithsonian Institution John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts Education Department 2700 F Street, NW Washington, DC 20566 202-416-8000 http://www.kennedy-center.org Occupational Fields: performing arts manager U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing 1500 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, DC 20005-1007 202-622-2000 http://www.bep.treas.gov Occupational Fields: bank note designer
Delaware State Council of Arts Carvel State Office Bldg., 4th floor 820 North French Street Wilmington, DE 19801 302-577-8278 Fax: 302-577-6561
[email protected] http://www.artsdel.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
Florida Department of State PO Box 265 White Springs, FL 32096 904-397-2192 http://www.dos.state.fl.us Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
Division of Parks and Recreation 89 Kings Highway Dover, DE 19901-7305 302-739-4401 Fax: 302-739-3817 Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, Local #843 1401 East Amelia Street Orlando, FL 32803 407-560-5823 Occupational Fields: motion picture studio cartoonist
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA District of Columbia Commission on the Arts and Humanities 410 Eighth Street, NW, Fifth Floor Washington, DC 20004-2103 202-724-5613 www.dcarts.dc.gov Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
FLORIDA
GEORGIA Georgia Council for the Arts 260 14th Street NW, Suite 401 Atlanta, GA 30318-5793 404-685-2787 Fax: 404-685-2788 http://www.gaarts.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
104 Artists and Artisans
Southern Arts Federation 1800 Peachtree Street NW, Suite 808 Atlanta, GA 30309 404-874-7244 Fax: 404-873-2148
[email protected] http://www.southarts.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
HAWAII Hawaii State Foundation on Culture and the Arts 44 Merchant Street Honolulu, HI 96813-4311 808-586-0300 http://www.state.hi.us/sfca Occupational Fields: artist/artisan Honolulu, City and County of Department of Civil Service City Hall Annex Honolulu, HI 96813 808-523-4233 Occupational Fields: sign painter
IDAHO Idaho Commission on the Arts 2410 North Old Penitentiary Road Boise, ID 83712 208-334-2119 Fax: 208/334-2488 http://www.arts.idaho.gov Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
ILLINOIS Chicago Department of Cultural Affairs 78 East Washington Street Chicago, IL 60602 312-744-6630 http://www.cityofchicago.org/CulturalAffairs Occupational Fields: artist/artisan Illinois Arts Council James R. Thompson Center 100 West Randolph Street, Suite 10-500 Chicago, IL 60601 312-814-6750 Fax: 312-814-1471
[email protected] http://www.state.il.us/agency/iac Occupational Fields: artist/artisan Illinois State Archives Norton Building Capitol Complex Springfield, IL 62756 217-782-4682 Fax: 217-524-3930 http://www.cyberdriveillinois.com/departments/ archives/archives.html Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
INDIANA Conner Prairie Farm 13400 Allisonville Road Fishers, IN 46038-4499 317-776-6000
[email protected] http://www.connerprairie.org Occupational Fields: woodworker, potter, blacksmith, museum worker, tour guide Cummins Engine Company Inc. 500 Jackson Street Columbus, IN 47201-6258 812-377-5000 Occupational Fields: drafter Indiana Arts Commission 150 West Market Street, Suite 618 Indianapolis, IN 46204 317-232-1268 http://www.in.gov/arts Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
IOWA Artistry in Bloom 3313 Ingerson Avenue Des Moines, IA 50312 515-255-1779 Occupational Fields: floral designer Cedar Rapids Painters 5000 J Street Cedar Rapids, IA 52404 319-366-0509 Occupational Fields: sign painter
Artists and Artisans 105
Color Ad Signs Inc. PO Drawer E Burlington, IA 52655 319-752-5516 Occupational Fields: sign painter The Gold Shop 7500 University Avenue, Suite E Des Moines, IA 50325 Occupational Fields: jeweler Iowa Arts Council 600 East Locust Street Des Moines, IA 50319-0290 515-281-6412 Fax: 515-242-6498 http://www.iowaartscouncil.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan University Photo 2900 University Avenue Des Moines, IA 50265 515-242-7890 Occupational Fields: photographer
KANSAS Kansas State Historical Society 6425 SW Sixth Avenue Topeka, KS 66615 785-272-8681 http://www.kshs.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan Stewarts of Wichita Inc. 415 East Douglas Avenue Wichita, KS 67202-3407 316-264-1525 Occupational Fields: jeweler
KENTUCKY Kentucky Arts Council Old Capitol Annex 300 West Broadway Frankfort, KY 40601-1980 502-564-3757
[email protected] http://www.kyarts.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
Kentucky Folklife Program 100 West Broadway Frankfort, KY 40601-1931 502-564-3016
[email protected] http://history.ky.gov/Programs/Folklife Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
LOUISIANA Louisiana Division of the Arts PO Box 44247 Baton Rouge, LA 70804-4247 225-342-8180 Fax: 225-342-8173
[email protected] http://www.crt.state.la.us/arts/index.htm Occupational Fields: artist/artisan, musician, singer, dancer, storyteller
MAINE Maine Arts Commission 193 State Street Augusta, ME 04330-6807 207-287-2724 Fax: 207-287-2725
[email protected] http://www.mainearts.com Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
MARYLAND Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Sparrows Point 5111 North Point Boulevard Baltimore, MD 21219 410-388-3000 Occupational Fields: drafter Maryland State Arts Council 175 West Ostend Street, Suite E Baltimore, MD 21230 410-767-6555 Fax: 410-333-1062
[email protected] http://www.msac.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan Mid Atlantic Arts Foundation 201 N. Charles, Suite 401 Baltimore, MD 21202
106 Artists and Artisans
410-539-6656, ext. 100 Fax: 410-837-5517 http://www.midatlanticarts.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
Michigan State University Museum West Circle Drive East Lansing, MI 48824 517-355-2370 http://www.museum.msu.edu Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
MASSACHUSETTS Berkshire Theatre Festival PO Box 797 Stockbridge, MA 01262 413-298-5536
[email protected] http://www.berkshiretheatre.org Occupational Fields: actor, director, musician, costume designer, scenery designer Massachusetts Cultural Council 10 St. James Avenue, 3rd Floor Boston, MA 02116-4611 617-727-3668 http://www.massculturalcouncil.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan New England Foundation for the Arts 145 Tremont Street, 7th Floor Boston, MA 02210-1216 617-951-0010 Fax: 617-951-0016 http://www.nefa.org North Bennet Street School 39 North Bennet Street Boston, MA 02113 617-227-0115 http://nbss.org Occupational Fields: jewelry maker/restorer, piano maker/restorer, violin maker/restorer, furniture maker, woodworker
MICHIGAN Michigan Council for History, Arts, and Libraries 702 West Kalamazoo Street PO Box 30738 Lansing, MI 48909-8238 517-241-2236 Fax: 517-241-2930
[email protected] http://www.michigan.gov/hal Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
MINNESOTA Minnesota Modern Dance 528 Hennepin Avenue Minneapolis, MN 55403 612-340-1900 Occupational Fields: dancer, costume designer, publicist, sound and lighting technician, stage manager Minnesota State Arts Board Park Square Court, Suite 200 400 Sibley Street Saint Paul, MN 55101-1928 651-215-1600 Fax: 651-215-1602
[email protected] http://www.arts.state.mn.us Occupational Fields: artist/artisan School for Weaving Arts and Apprenticeships Centre for Asians and Pacific Islanders 3702 East Lake Street Minneapolis, MN 55406 651-721-0122 Occupational Fields: weaver, cloth dyer
MISSISSIPPI Mississippi Arts Commission 239 North Lamar Street, Suite 207 Jackson, MS 39201-1311 601-359-6030 Fax: 601-359-6008 http://www.arts.state.ms.us Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
MISSOURI Mid-America Arts Alliance 912 Baltimore, Suite 700 Kansas City, MO 64105 816-421-1388 Fax: 816-421-3918
Artists and Artisans 107
[email protected] http://www.maaa.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan Missouri Arts Council Wainwright State Office Complex 111 North 7th Street, Suite 105 St. Louis, MO 63101-2188 314-340-6845 Fax: 314-340-7215 TDD: 800-735-2966
[email protected] http://www.missouriartscouncil.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan Piano Technicians Guild 3930 Washington Street Kansas City, MO 64111-2925 816-753-7747 Occupational Fields: piano tuner
NEVADA Nevada Arts Council 716 North Carson Street, Suite A Carson City, NV 89701 775-687-6680 Fax: 775-687-6688
[email protected] http://dmla.clan.lib.nv.us/docs/arts Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
NEW HAMPSHIRE New Hampshire State Council on the Arts 2 ½ Beacon Street, 2nd Floor Concord, NH 03301-4912 603-271-2789 http://www.nh.gov/nharts Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
NEW JERSEY University of Missouri–Columbia Museum of Art and Archaeology One Pickard Hall Columbia, MO 65211 573-882-3591 Fax: 573-884-4039 http://maa.missouri.edu Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
MONTANA Montana Arts Council 316 North Park Avenue, Suite 252 PO Box 202201 Helena, MT 59620 406-444-6430 http://www.art.state.mt.us Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
New Jersey Historical Commission 225 West State Street Trenton, NJ 08625 609-292-6062
[email protected] http://www.state.nj.us/state/history Occupational Fields: artist/artisan New Jersey State Council on the Arts PO Box 306 225 West State Street Trenton, NJ 08625 USA 609-292-6130 TDD: 609-633-1186 Fax: 609.989.1440 http://www.njartscouncil.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
NEW MEXICO NEBRASKA Nebraska Arts Council 3838 Davenport Street Omaha, NE 68131-2389 402-595-2122 http://www.nebraskaartscouncil.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
New Mexico Arts Division PO Box 1450 Santa Fe, NM 87501-2013 505-827-6490 Fax: 505-827-6043 http://www.nmarts.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
108 Artists and Artisans
Santa Fe Opera Personnel Office PO Box 2408 Santa Fe, NM 87504-2408 505-986-5955 http://www.santafeopera.org Occupational Fields: singer, arts administrator
NEW YORK BMI Musicworld 320 West 57th Street New York, NY 10019-3705 212-586-2000 Fax: 212-245-8986 Occupational Fields: music composer The Center for Book Arts 28 West 27th Street, 3rd Floor New York, NY 10001 212-481-0295
[email protected] http://www.centerforbookarts.org Occupational Fields: woodblock artist, paper artist, hand printer, papermaker, leather crafter, book conservator, restorer Guild of Book Workers 521 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10175
[email protected] http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byorg/gbw Occupational Fields: calligrapher, printer, marbler, papermaker Markristo Farm 2891 Route 23 Hillsdale, NY 12529 518-325-4261 Occupational Fields: potter Marymount Manhattan College 221 East 71st Street New York, NY 10021-4501 212-517-0430 Fax: 212-517-0413
[email protected] marymount.mmm.edu Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
New York State Council on the Arts 175 Varick Street, 3rd Floor New York, NY 10014 212-627-4455 http://www.nysca.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan Vassar College 124 Raymond Avenue Poughkeepsie, NY 12604 914-437-7000
[email protected] http://powerhouse.vassar.edu Occupational Fields: actor, director, playwrite, stage manager, costume designer Women’s Studio Workshop Summer Arts Institute PO Box 489 Rosendale, NY 12472 845-658-9133 Fax: 845-658-9031
[email protected] http://www.wsworkshop.org Occupational Fields: dancer, paper artist, papermaker, hand printer, screen printer, marbler
NORTH CAROLINA North Carolina Arts Council Department of Cultural Resources Mail Service Center 4632 Raleigh, NC 27699-4632 919-733-2111
[email protected] http://www.ncarts.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources 109 East Jones Street MSC 4601 Raleigh, NC 27699-4601 919-807-7385 Fax: 919-733-1620 http://www.ncdcr.gov Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
NORTH DAKOTA North Dakota Council on the Arts 1600 East Century Avenue, Suite 6 Bismarck, ND 58503
Artists and Artisans 109
701-328-7590 Fax: 701-328-7595
[email protected] http://www.state.nd.us/arts Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
OHIO Ohio Arts Council 727 East Main Street Columbus, OH 43205-1796 614-466-2613 http://www.oac.state.oh.us Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
OKLAHOMA State Arts Council of Oklahoma PO Box 52001-2001 Oklahoma City, OK 73152-2001 405-521-2931 Fax: 405-521-6418 http://www.arts.ok.gov Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
http://music.uoregon.edu Occupational Fields: singer
PENNSYLVANIA State College Community Theatre PO Box 23 State College, PA 16804 814-234-8251
[email protected] http://www.scctonline.org/apprentice.html Occupational Fields: actor, stage manager, costume designer, scene designer, props person University of the Arts Philadelphia College of Art and Design 320 South Broad Street Philadelphia, PA 19102 800-616-ARTS Fax: 215-875-5467 http://www.uarts.edu Occupational Fields: paper artist, printmaker, etcher, marbler, photographer
RHODE ISLAND OREGON Oregon Arts Commission 775 Summer Street NE, Suite 200 Salem, Oregon 97301-1284 503-986-0082 Fax: 503-986-0260
[email protected] http://www.oregonartscommission.org/main.php Occupational Fields: artist/artisan Oregon Historical Society 1200 Southwest Park Avenue Portland, OR 97205-2483 503-221-1741 http://www.ohs.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan University of Oregon School of Music 1225 University of Oregon Eugene, OR 97403-1225 541-346-3761 Fax: 541-346-0723
[email protected]
Rhode Island State Council on the Arts One Capitol Hill, Third Floor Providence, RI 02908 401-222-3880
[email protected] http://www.risca.state.ri.us Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
SOUTH CAROLINA South Carolina Arts Commission 1800 Gervais Street Columbia, SC 29201-3504 803-734-8696 http://www.state.sc.us/arts Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
SOUTH DAKOTA South Dakota Arts Commission South Dakota State Library Building 800 Governors Drive Pierre, SD 57501 605-773-3131 Fax: 605-773-6962
110 Artists and Artisans
[email protected] http://www.state.sd.us/deca/sdarts/index.htm Occupational Fields: artist/artisan State Folk Arts and Folklife Cultural Heritage Center 900 Governors Drive Pierre, SD 57501-2217 605-773-3458 Fax: 605-773-6041 Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
TENNESSEE Kingsburry Vocation Technical Center 1328 North Graham Street Memphis, TN 38122-1521 901-416-6000 Fax: 901-416-6003 Occupational Fields: leatherworker, shoe repairer Tennessee Arts Commission 404 James Robertson Parkway Nashville, TN 37219-1505 615-741-1701 Fax: 615-741-8559 http://www.arts.state.tn.us Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
TEXAS American Institute of Organbuilders PO Box 130982 Houston, TX 77219 713-529-2212
[email protected] http://www.pipeorgan.org Occupational Fields: organ builder Carnival Productions Body Art School c/o Singapore John’s Tattoo Arcades 1516 South Lamar Boulevard Austin, TX 78704-2923 512-441-9255
[email protected] http://www.carnival-productions.com Occupational Fields: tattoo artist, body piercer Texas Commission on the Arts E. O. Thompson Office Building 920 Colorado, Suite 501 Austin, Texas 78701
512-463-5535 Fax: 512-475-2699 TTY: 512-475-3327
[email protected] http://www.arts.state.tx.us Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
VERMONT Vermont Arts Council 136 State Street - Drawer 33 Montpelier, VT 05633-6001 802-828-3291 Fax: 802-828-3363
[email protected] http://www.vermontartscouncil.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan Vermont Folklife Center 3 Court Street Middlebury, VT 05753-1420 802-388-4964
[email protected] http://www.vermontfoklifecenter.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
VIRGINIA Virginia Commission for the Arts Lewis House 223 Governor Street Richmond, VA 23219 804-225-3132 Fax: 804-225-4327 TDD: 804-225-3132 http://www.arts.state.va.us Occupational Fields: artist/artisan Virginia Foundation for the Humanities 145 Ednam Drive Charlottesville, VA 22903-4629 434-924-3296 Fax: 434-296-4714
[email protected] http://www.virginia.edu/vfh Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
WASHINGTON Guild of American Luthiers 8222 South Park Avenue Tacoma, WA 98408-5226
Artists and Artisans 111
206-472-7853 http://www.luth.org Occupational Fields: luthier Washington State Arts Commission 711 Capitol Way South, Suite 600 Olympia, WA 98504-2675 360-753-3860 Fax: 360-586-5351
[email protected] http://www.arts.wa.gov Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
WEST VIRGINIA Division of Culture and History The Cultural Center State Capitol Complex 1900 Kanawha Boulevard East Charleston, WV 25305 304-558-0220 Fax: 304-558-2779 http://www.wvculture.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
TDD: 307-777-5964
[email protected] http://wyomingartscouncil.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
PUERTO RICO Institute of Puerto Rican Culture
[email protected] http://iprac.aspira.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
VIRGIN ISLANDS Virgin Islands Council on the Arts 41-42 Norre Gade St. Thomas, VI 00802 340-774-5984 Fax: 340-774-6206 http://www.vicouncilonarts.org Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
CANADA ALBERTA
WISCONSIN Wisconsin Arts Board 101 East Wilson Street Madison, WI 53703 608-266-0190 Fax: 608-266-0190
[email protected] http://www.arts.state.wi.us Occupational Fields: artist/artisan
Fretworks 4027 4th Street SE Calgary, AB T2G 2W4 403-243-5839
[email protected] http://www.fretwork.com Occupational Fields: instrument maker (guitar)
BRITISH COLUMBIA WYOMING University of Wyoming Cooper House, Box 4036 PO Box 327 Laramie, WY 82070-0327 307-766-6890 http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/ams/N_internships.asp Occupational Fields: artist/artisan Wyoming Arts Council 2320 Capitol Avenue Cheyenne, WY 82002 307-777-7742 Fax: 307-777-5499
Burghardt Luthiery, Géza Burghardt Granville Island Studio 1645 Duranleau Street Vancouver, BC V6H 3S3 604-683-1135 Fax: 604-683-1135 Occupational Fields: instrument maker (guitar, violin) Summit School of Guitar Building and Repairs Sigmund Johannessen/Mike Jarvis 240 Goodyear Road Qualicum, BC V9K 2A3 250-757-8807
[email protected] Occupational Fields: instrument maker
112 Artists and Artisans
Webber Guitars 1385 A Crown Street North Vancouver, BC V7J 1G4 604-980-0315 Fax: 604-980-0315
[email protected] Occupational Fields: instrument maker (guitar) Wells Forest Academy PO Box 95 Wells, BC V0K 2R0 250-994-2365
[email protected] Occupational Fields: instrument maker
Sergei de Jonge School of Lutherie 883 Robson Street Oshawa, ON L1H 4C6 905-576-2255
[email protected] Occupational Fields: instrument maker (guitar)
QUEBEC Ecole Nationale de Lutherie 299 3rd Avenue Quebec City, QC PQ G1L 2V7 418-647-0567 Fax: 418-647-4880
[email protected] Occupational Fields: instrument maker (violin)
NOVA SCOTIA Rizsanyi Guitars R.R. 2, New Germany, 3330 Hwy. 10 Pinehurst, NS B0R 1E0 902-527-0614
[email protected] Occupational Fields: instrument maker (guitar)
ONTARIO Canadian Artists and Producers Professional Relations Tribunal 240 Sparks Street, 1st Floor West Ottawa, ON K1A 1A1 613-996-4052 Fax: 613-947-4125
[email protected] http://www.capprt-tcrpap.gc.ca Occupational Fields: artists, producers The Canadian Association of Photographers and Illustrators in Communications 55 Mill Street The Case Goods Building 74, Suite 302 Toronto, ON M5A 3C4 416-462-3677 Fax: 416-462-9570
[email protected] http://www.capic.org Occupational Fields: photographers, illustrators
SASKATCHEWAN Timeless Instruments’ School of Luthiery PO Box 51 Tugaske, SK S0H 4B0 888-884-2753
[email protected] http://www.timelessinstruments.com Occupational Fields: instrument maker (guitar and harp)
AUTO BODY WORKERS RELATED SECTIONS: artists and artisans, glaziers and glass makers, mechanics, machinists and tool program-
mers, painters and paperhangers employees can advance to supervisory positions, open their own businesses, or appraise accident damage for insurance companies. Apprentices to this trade receive on-the-job training under the supervision of experienced auto body repairers. They may begin by helping to replace damaged parts and make minor repairs, such as repairing small dents. More complex tasks, such as straightening and aligning the vehicle’s frame, are taught later. Typically, the course of study runs for three or four years. Certification, which is optional, is available after the applicant passes a written test and has completed at least two years of on-the-job training. In general an applicant should
Auto body workers repair cars, trucks, and other vehicles that have been damaged, usually in traffic accidents. They remove dents and scratches, straighten the vehicle’s frame, replace parts that cannot be repaired, and sometimes apply paint or install windows. Supervisors usually assess the damage, decide how it should be repaired, and estimate how long the repair should take. The body repairer then completes the project alone or with help from an assistant. Auto body repairers use hydraulic equipment, pneumatic metal-cutting guns, welders, acetylene torches, hotair welding guns, bench systems, anvils, hammers, and other tools in their work. They work on metal and plastic parts of vehicles using files, grinders, putty, and fiberglass. Sometimes the painting of the car body and the installation of windows are assigned to automotive painters and glaziers, respectively, but workers in small shops are apt to be assigned both body repairing and painting projects. In large shops an auto body worker might specialize in door and fender repairing or some other type of repair. Auto body work offers challenge and variety. A 40to 60-hour workweek is common. The work is done inside shops, which can be quite noisy from the sound of machinery and banging hammers. Workers are sometimes exposed to paint fumes and some dust, although the shops are usually well ventilated. The work is often dirty and physically demanding, and cuts and burns are common on-the-job injuries. Auto body workers are commonly employed at repair and painting shops, car and truck dealerships, trucking companies, car rental companies, and vehicle manufacturers. A large percentage are self-employed. Employees usually provide their own hand tools, an investment that can amount to thousands of dollars. Employers usually provide power tools. Skilled auto body workers often receive a base wage plus bonuses for tasks completed. Trainees and employees of trucking companies and other businesses that operate their own vehicles are usually paid by the hour. Certified employees are in demand because they understand recent technological advances in vehicle design and repair techniques. To retain their certification, auto body repairers must pass an examination every five years. In general, workers are also expected to keep up with technological advances by reading manuals and participating in seminars and course work. Skilled
■
■ ■ ■ ■
be a high school graduate or hold a GED certificate be familiar with hand tools have good mathematics skills have good reading skills be able to work precisely
APPRENTICESHIP SALARIES Apprentices usually earn 30 percent to 60 percent of the earnings of skilled workers. Apprentices usually receive an hourly wage until they are skilled enough to work on an incentive basis.
POSTAPPRENTICESHIP SALARIES Median hourly wages in this field are about $16. Earnings vary, depending on the volume of work completed. In addition, most body repairers employed by automotive dealers and repair shops are paid on an incentive basis. Employers often guarantee a minimum weekly salary, with total earnings dependent on the amount of work assigned to the repairer and how quickly it is completed.
JOB OUTLOOK Employment of auto body workers is expected to increase about as fast as the average occupation, particularly for auto body workers with formal training, because many people leave the workforce each year and must be replaced. In addition, more cars are being sold as the 113
114 Auto Body Workers
population increases, thus creating a demand for more workers in the field. For more information on apprenticeships for auto body workers, contact local job centers, auto body shops, motor vehicle dealers, your state bureau of apprenticeship training, or the individual programs listed below.
NATIONAL PROGRAMS National Automotive Technician Education Foundation 101 Blue Seal Dr., SE, Suite 101 Leesburg, VA 20175 703-669-6650 Fax: 703-669-6125
[email protected] http://www.natef.org Occupational Fields: auto body repairer SkillsUSA-VICA PO Box 3000 Leesburg, VA 20177-0300 703-777-8810 Fax: 703-777-8999 http://www.skillsusa.org Occupational Fields: auto body repairer
APPRENTICESHIP PROFILE Community Transit Joint Apprenticeship and Training Committee IAM District #160 7000 Hardeson Road Everett, WA 98203 425-348-2339
General Nature of the Job An apprentice in the Coach Heavy Diesel Mechanic Apprenticeship Program spends four years learning how to repair and maintain diesel engines, power transmissions, cooling and heating systems, electrical problems, and anything else relating to the maintenance of coaches, which can include changing a lightbulb or reupholstering a seat. In addition, apprentices learn the proper use of automotive tools and how to follow and interpret shop manuals. They also follow safety guidelines. Time is divided between the component rebuild department, where parts are repaired and rebuilt, and the shop, where parts are installed and service calls made. Apprentices
take written and practical tests for each training module and attend school for a minimum of 144 hours. If you’ve never changed the oil on your car, you might want to think twice about automotive or diesel mechanics, because mechanical aptitude goes a long way in this business, as do problem-solving skills, common sense, and manual dexterity. As apprentice Jay Hass notes, “one thing I was told is that your knowledge is 60 percent and the physical is 40 percent. Your common sense functions a lot more than your physical.” Listening skills are crucial, since you must be able to follow directions accurately. Teamwork and communication are important as well.
Typical Day Jay is on day shift at Community Transit, so he arrives at work at 6:30 a.m. He heads to the component rebuild department where he’ll work with a journeyman mechanic on the repair of a diesel engine. It will take about a week to take the engine apart and clean it. When the engine is disassembled, they organize the nuts and bolts, order necessary parts, and rebuild. The component rebuild department works on engines, starters, alternators, and brakes. Jay starts cleaning up around 2:45 p.m. then heads home. He has a welding class at the local technical college from 6:00 to 9:00 p.m., so he can’t get too comfortable. Jay loves being a mechanic. He says, “Everybody in this world needs transportation, and I know with my mechanical skills I can help everybody out, which is wonderful. It gives me a great feeling.” There are challenges, of course, but Jay embraces them. Troubleshooting is one of the hardest things to do, and yet it’s one of Jay’s favorites, along with solving electrical problems. Some may complain about having to work in all kinds of weather conditions, but Jay notes that, “as long as we keep the coaches running, we don’t have to go out in the rain. Our challenge is to keep them from falling apart out there.” The one thing Jay doesn’t like about his job is the dirt. He says, “My ultimate goal is to stay as clean as possible and keep my shop clean, my tools clean, everything.” Community Transit is open around the clock, and Jay doesn’t look forward to the night shift or working on holidays, but he knows it is part of the job and doesn’t dwell on these hours.
Path to Becoming an Apprentice Jay feels he was destined to become a mechanic. His uncle and grandfather are both mechanics, and as a child Jay constantly took apart electrical motors, studied them,
Auto Body Workers 115
and put them back together. In high school, Jay took automotive shop classes and went on to college to earn an associate’s degree in technical arts. He worked as an automotive mechanic for nine years before delving into heavy diesel mechanics. Jay learned about the apprenticeship program at Community Transit during a job interview for a different position. He was determined to become a journeyman diesel mechanic and Personnel told him about the program, stressing that he might have a long wait. Jay persisted because his desire was strong: “I wanted to master everything in the automotive industry that I possibly could.” When a spot opened up, Jay applied, taking aptitude tests and going through several interviews.
Salary Range For the first 1,000 hours of apprenticeship training, Jay makes 60 percent of journeyman wage. The percentage increases as time goes by until the apprentice graduates and earns full journeyman wage, which is $21.50 an hour for diesel mechanics in the Seattle, Washington, area. Swing shift workers make 25 percent more, and night shift employees earn 50 percent more. Apprentices receive all the benefits of a full-time mechanic. Jay suspects wages will stay in line with inflation, and despite the onset of electric and alternative-fuel buses, Jay isn’t worried. He notes that all the new coaches at Community Transit are diesel, which means they will be around for at least twenty years, and even if buses change, they will always have engines in need of repair and maintenance.
Advice If you’re considering diesel mechanics as a career, Jay advises you learn everything possible about mechanics. Even if you don’t get into an apprenticeship program right away, you can take classes on your own to determine if the field is right for you. If you’re interested in mechanics for the money, think again, because it takes a lot of dedication and determination to succeed. You should have mechanical aptitude, common sense, patience, and be good with your hands. Enthusiasm like Jay’s may be hard to match, but it can’t hurt to try. Jay can’t say enough about the knowledge he’s gained from the apprenticeship program: “I love to do this. My job is to learn, which is wonderful. I’ve learned so much about heavy-duty diesel mechanics I never imagined I would learn, and I still have three more years to go. When I get done with this, I’ll be a whiz.” It’s important to stay current with new technolo-
gies as well. Jay has seen cars go from simple mechanical devices to computer-controlled units.
Future Goals When Jay finishes the apprenticeship program, he hopes to stay with Community Transit and someday become a shop lead or foreman. After he reaches that goal, he may look toward a management position. If Jay ever chooses to leave Community Transit, he feels there are ample opportunities for someone with his skills. Diesel mechanics can open their own shops, manage shops, or go anywhere in the world and work on ships, yachts, semi trucks, or anything else with diesel engines.
CALIFORNIA International Association of Machinists, District 190 8130 Baldwin Street Oakland, CA 94621 510-569-8450 Fax: 510-569-8452 http://www.autoapprenticeship.com Occupational Fields: auto body worker, automotive painter
CONNECTICUT International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers District 26 Office 365 New Britain Road Kensington, CT 06037 860-828-0359
[email protected] http://www.iamdistrict26.org Occupational Fields: auto body worker, automotive painter, truck painter
FLORIDA Classic Auto-Rebuild Route Two, Box 2234A Melrose, FL 32666 Occupational Fields: auto body worker Lake County Auto Body Repair 601 Lake Dora Drive Tavares, FL 32778 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer
116 Auto Body Workers
HAWAII Honolulu, City and County of Department of Civil Service City Hall Annex Honolulu, HI 96813 808-523-4233 Occupational Fields: body and fender repairer
INDIANA Barry Seat Cover and Auto Glass Inc. 1924 South Michigan Street South Bend, IN 46613 219-288-4603 Occupational Fields: auto upholsterer, auto glass installer
KANSAS General Motors Corporation 3201 Fairfax Kansas City, KS 66115-1399 913-573-7400 Fax: 913-573-7109 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer K and L Body and Paint Works 4733 Esthner Street Wichita, KS 67209-2721 316-942-6611 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer Larry’s Auto Body 1502 West 23rd Street Lawrence, KS 66046-2740 913-842-4152 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer
MAINE International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, District 4 122 Main Street, Suite 4A Topsham, ME 04086 207-721-8996 Fax: (207) 721-3249
[email protected] http://www.iamawdl4.org Occupational Fields: automotive painter, truck painter
MARYLAND International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers 9000 Machinists Place Upper Marlboro, MD 20772-2687 301-967-4586 Occupational Fields: automotive painter, truck painter
NEW YORK International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, District Lodge 58 Mark Twain Main and Gray Streets Elmira, NY14901 607-733-3372
[email protected] http://www.district58.org Occupational Fields: automotive painter, truck painter
OHIO International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, District Lodge 34 2928 Coleraine Avenue Cincinnati, OH 45225
[email protected] http://dl34.goiam.org Occupational Fields: automotive painter, truck painter
PENNSYLVANIA International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, Distict Lodge 98 3200 East Prospect Road York, PA 17402 717-600-1198 Fax: 717-600-1988 http://www.iamawdl98.org Occupational Fields: automotive painter, truck painter
WASHINGTON Amalgamated Transit Union, Local #758 10828 Gravelly Lake Drive, Southwest, Suite 202 Lakewood, WA 98499 253-588-3651
[email protected] http://www.atu758.org
Auto Body Workers 117
Occupational Fields: auto body repairer, automotive mechanic, garage mechanic, heavy duty repairer, parts technician Amalgamated Transit Union, Local #1015/STA/Coach 1230 West Boone Avenue Spokane, WA 99201 509-325-2955 http://www.atu1015.org Occupational Fields: auto body repairer, automotive mechanic, garage mechanic, heavy duty repairer, parts technician Community Transit IAM District #160 7000 Hardeson Road Everett, WA 98203 425-348-2339 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer, automotive mechanic, garage mechanic, heavy duty repairer, parts technician Eastern Washington Machinists North 2110 Francher Street Spokane, WA 99212 509-533-7181 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer, automotive mechanic, garage mechanic, heavy duty repairer, parts technician Fluor Daniel Hanford Industrial Maintenance M/S R2-88 PO Box 1500 Richland, WA 99352 509-376-1523 Fax: 509-373-2280 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer, automotive mechanic, garage mechanic, heavy duty repairer, parts technician Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corporation, Mead Works 2111 East Hawthorne Road Mead, WA 99021 509-468-5483 Fax: 509-468-1281 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer, automotive mechanic, garage mechanic, heavy duty repairer, parts technician
Northwest Automotive Machinists 5631 Tacoma Mall Boulevard Tacoma, WA 98409 253-472-9692 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer, automotive mechanic, garage mechanic, heavy duty repairer, parts technician Seattle Automotive Machinists 9135 15th Place, South Seattle, WA 98108 206-764-0464 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer, automotive mechanic, garage mechanic, heavy duty repairer, parts technician Seattle, City of 700 Fifth Avenue, Suite 3100, Room SSCB-220 Seattle, WA 98104-5031 206-386-1607 Fax: 206-386-1729 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer, automotive mechanic, garage mechanic, heavy duty repairer, parts technician Seattle, Municipality of Metropolitan Metro King County 1555 Airport Way, South Seattle, WA 98134 206-684-2714 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer, automotive mechanic, garage mechanic, heavy duty repairer, parts technician Vancouver Machinists and Automotive Machinists 5000 East 18th Street Vancouver, WA 98661 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer, automotive mechanic, garage mechanic, heavy duty repairer, parts technician Washington Public School Classified Employees 820 South 10th Street Mount Vernon, WA 98274-4024 360-336-2240 Fax: 360-336-2240 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer, automotive mechanic, garage mechanic, heavy duty repairer, parts technician
118 Auto Body Workers
Western Washington Operating Engineers Regional Training Program 16921 Vantage Highway Ellensburg, WA 98926 509-965-3203 Fax: 509-968-4422
[email protected] http://www.oetraining.com Occupational Fields: auto body repairer, automotive mechanic, garage mechanic, heavy duty repairer, parts technician Whatcom and Skagit County Bellingham Harley Davidson 1419 North State Street Bellingham, WA 98225 360-671-7575 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer, automotive mechanic, garage mechanic, heavy duty repairer, parts technician Yelm School District #2 PO Box 476 Yelm, WA 98597 360-458-6113 Fax: 360-458-2469 Occupational Fields: auto body repairer, automotive mechanic, garage mechanic, heavy duty repairer, parts technician
CANADA BRITISH COLUMBIA British Columbia Institute of Technology 3700 Willingdon Avenue Burnaby, BC V5G 3H2 604-434-5734 http://www.bcit.ca Occupational Fields: auto body repairer
College of the Rockies 2700 College Way, Box 8500 Cranbrook, BC V1C 5L7 250-489-8243 Fax: 250-489-1790
[email protected] http://www.cotr.bc.ca Occupational Fields: auto body repairer Okanagan University College Faculty of Industrial Trades & Services 1000 KLO Road Kelowna, BC V1Y 4X8 250-862-5457 Fax: 250-862-5469
[email protected] http://www.ouc.bc.ca/trades Occupational Fields: automotive collision repairer, automotive paint prep worker, automotive painter Vancouver Community College 1155 East Broadway Vancouver, BC V5T 4V5 604-871-7000 http://apprenticeship.vcc.ca Occupational Fields: automotive collision repairer, automotive painter and refinisher, automotive refinishing prep worker
BOILERMAKERS RELATED SECTIONS: ironworkers, machinists and tool programmers, metalworkers, millwrights, pipe trades
workers, sheet metal workers, tool, die, mold, and pattern makers, welders Many boilermakers later continue their educations by attending additional classes. Those with backgrounds as apprentices have a better chance of being promoted, possibly to supervisory positions. In general an applicant should
Boilermakers construct, assemble, and repair boilers, vats, tanks, and other large vessels that hold liquids and gases. Boilers are large metal tanks that heat liquid (usually water) to create steam, which drives turbines in electric power plants and provides heat and power for homes, offices, factories, and ships. Oil, chemicals, beer, and numerous other products are also stored in tanks, vats, and other vessels built by boilermakers. Some boilermakers are involved in building and repairing ships. Boilermakers generally work in factories, where they temporarily assemble large vessels, and then repeat the assembly at the vessels’ permanent sites. They read blueprints and other drawings and use tape measures, straightedges, squares, transits, and other measuring devices early in the production process. Later they use wedges, files, levels, plumb bobs, hammers, grinders, cutting torches, welders, and other tools as the vessels are assembled and lifted into place. They cooperate with crane operators, align sections as the vessels are constructed, attach valves and other parts, and test the finished vessels for defects. Boiler mechanics maintain, repair, and dismantle boilers and other vessels. They clean the vessels and check controls, fittings, tubes, and valves. They also use hand and power tools to repair or replace defective parts, and sometimes they use metalworking equipment to repair or build parts. The environment is often claustrophobic as the boilermaker works inside vessels, where it is sometimes hot, wet, or poorly ventilated. Injuries are possible, since the worker uses power tools, carries heavy materials, and must work on top of the vessels and climb ladders. Boilermakers often must wear hard hats, safety glasses, and other protective equipment. Many boilermakers work for companies that manufacture boilers, iron, steel, chemicals, ships, and petroleum. Others work at construction sites, railroads, shipyards, power plants, and boiler repair companies. Apprenticeship is a common way to learn this trade. Trainees work under the supervision of experienced boilermakers. They participate in about 48 hours of classroom instruction annually, in addition to on-the-job training. Typically, the course of study runs for four years and includes instruction in shop mathematics, machine metalworking, rigging, blueprint reading, layout, and welding.
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
apply in person be at least 18 years old be a high school graduate or GED holder be physically able to perform the work be dexterous enough to handle tools have an aptitude for mechanical work
APPRENTICESHIP SALARIES About $12.50 an hour on average, or 60 percent of the wages of a journeyman boilermaker.
POSTAPPRENTICESHIP SALARIES About $20 an hour.
JOB OUTLOOK Generally declining because of automated production, the use of smaller boilers, increased emphasis on repairing old boilers instead of building new ones, and because more boilers are being imported. Because of the good wages paid to journeymen boilermakers, trainees sometimes must compete for apprenticeships and entry-level jobs in this field. Because boilers tend to last 30 years or more and need occasional repairs, boilermaker mechanics usually have fairly stable employment. For more information on apprenticeships for boilermakers, contact local job centers, construction companies, companies that manufacture boilers, your state bureau of apprenticeship training, or the national organizations and individual programs listed below.
NATIONAL PROGRAMS Boilermakers National Apprenticeship Program 1017 North 9th Street Kansas City, KS 66101 913-342-2100 Fax: 913-342-2158 119
120 Boilermakers
http://www.bnap.com Occupational Fields: boilermaker, shipbuilder, blacksmith, forger International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, Iron Ship Builders, Blacksmiths, Forgers, and Helpers 753 State Avenue, Suite 570 Kansas City, KS 66101 913-371-2640 Fax: 913-281-8101 http://www.boilermakers.org Occupational Fields: boilermaker, shipbuilder, blacksmith, forger
APPRENTICESHIP PROFILE Missouri River Basin Area Boilermakers Joint Apprenticeship Training Program Local Lodge #83 5910 East 86 Street Kansas City, MO 64138 816-523-8300
days, Scott looks forward to the breaks—he finds the textbook outdated and feels he benefits more from the handson learning processes. “A lot of the stuff I learned in the field from the other journeymen,” Scott states. Though it’s dirty and hard on the body, Scott enjoys the challenges of being a boilermaker. He particularly enjoys welding, which he had never done before the apprenticeship program. He also learned about rigging, which pertains to lifting and moving loads using machinery, slings, shackles, and chokes (wire ropes). While some might find the time between jobs a drawback, Scott considers it an opportunity to explore other avenues. He says, “the days you’re not working you could have a job or a business on the side. Boilermaking doesn’t have to be your primary paycheck.” Scott can also draw unemployment during the down times. Scott travels frequently, and this is one part of the job he dislikes. A husband and father of four, Scott finds being on the road for months at a time incompatible with family life. Safety is a challenge as well, but he doesn’t worry because he is careful. It’s imperative to take precautions, such as wearing safety glasses and a hard hat, making sure electrical lines or hoses aren’t on the ground to trip over, and being aware of the surroundings so you don’t fall.
General Nature of the Job Boilermakers are skilled mechanics who install and repair boilers, which are large vessels that generate steam. A physically laborious trade, boilermaker jobs are dirty and dangerous, with most of the work done in the winter months. Boilermakers are essentially on call; when a job comes up, the local lodge contacts available workers from a list. Jobs can last anywhere from one day to six months. If you’re scared of heights or claustrophobic, scratch boilermaking off your list of possible careers—boilermakers work in confined spaces and suspended from high places. It helps to be personable, since boilermakers always work in pairs and usually with other craftsmen. The Missouri River Basin Area Boilermakers’ apprenticeship program is a four-year program that requires 6,000 work hours and 144 classroom hours to graduate. Basically, apprentices attend school for three weeks a year for classroom training and spend the rest of the year learning on the job. Apprentices also have homework throughout the year and are required to take monthly tests, with a comprehensive test at the end of each year. Apprentices become journeymen upon graduation.
Path to Becoming an Apprentice
Typical Day
Salary Range
When Scott Durham attends school, some of his 10-hour days are devoted to the classroom, while others are spent in the rigging field or the welding shop. On classroom
During school, Scott receives compensation for mileage and a stipend of $42 a week. The program provides room, board, and transportation for those who live far away.
When Scott heard about the apprenticeship program, he didn’t even know what a boilermaker did. His boilermaker father-in-law encouraged him to take the aptitude test at the local lodge, and when Scott realized he could earn more in six months as a boilermaker than he could in twelve months at his current job, he decided to give it a shot. The benefits package also appealed to Scott: “Even some of the big corporations don’t offer what some of the trades offer. I was more concerned about my family and the future because I have four kids and college isn’t cheap anymore.” Scott waited two years before the local lodge contacted him and offered him a spot in the program. Scott cannot recall anything in his past that prepared him for the life of a boilermaker. He had worked as a cook for 10 years and at one point considered studying to become a chef but decided against it because chefs put in long hours, and Scott wanted more time with his family. Although the apprenticeship program is rigorous, Scott is happy that he pursued boilermaking. A member of the union, he likes that all the journeymen are treated as equals.
Boilermakers 121
While on the job during the apprenticeship program, Scott makes 70 percent of journeyman scale and receive a 2.5 percent raise every six months. The journeyman rate for his union is currently $27.40 an hour. Scott also receives a pension and an annuity. Health and welfare are available, but Scott must work 350 hours in one quarter (a three-month period) to qualify. Once he qualifies, Scott must work 275 hours a quarter to maintain his benefits. There are three quarters a year for boilermakers. Contract negotiations often ensure an annual raise, but Scott has found that the wage balances out because something else, such as the cost of health and welfare, may increase. As long as there are boilers, there will be a need for boilermakers. Scott feels secure in his profession, but he is not sure of the job outlook. He suspects the deregulation of power companies may affect his work, and the boilers he works on are more than twenty years old, an indication that companies are not building new boilers in the United States.
Advice If you are considering becoming a boilermaker and are married or have a family, Scott suggests thinking long and hard about the amount of time you will be on the road. “You have to have a strong family if you’re married because you’re gone a lot. You’re home a lot, too, but there’s a big difference,” Scott asserts. The rate of divorce is high for those in the trades, and Scott attributes this to the time spent apart. It helps to be in good physical condition, but Scott thinks common sense is more important: “There’s a lot of lifting, but that’s where you have to be smart. We have equipment to lift. You don’t have to do it the hard way.” If you can brave the cold weather, the dirty conditions, and “the guys” on the job, you should have it made.
Future Goals Scott will continue working as a boilermaker, but he doesn’t want to become a foreman or rely solely on boilermaking for his livelihood. Most boilermakers have side jobs or businesses. Scott’s aspirations lean toward starting a home business with his wife, so he can have more time with his family, but if that doesn’t pan out, Scott can go into other crafts, such as sheet metal, ironworking, pipe fitting, or electrical work. Scott believes welding can open many doors as well; he knows boilermakers who have opened repair shops with their welding experience. Other boilermakers are farmers or cattle ranchers, and one boilermaker Scott knows owns a car dealership. Boilermaking offers Scott both the security and freedom to
explore other avenues, and because of this he’s particularly content with his career choice.
ALABAMA Boilermakers Union 721 Gadsden Highway Birmingham, AL 35235 205-836-4277 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Boilermakers Union 247 Seville Street, Box 875 Florence, AL 35630-1548 205-766-5700 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Boilermakers Union, Local #455 1112 East Avalon Avenue Muscle Shoals, AL 35661 205-381-7415 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Gulf Coast Boilermakers Union 1610 Government Street Mobile, AL 36604 334-476-2385 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
ARIZONA ASARCO, Ray Complex PO Box 8 Hayden, AZ 85235 520-356-7811 Fax: 520-356-3238 http://www.asarco.com/ray.html Occupational Fields: boilermaker BHP Copper, Pinto Valley Operation PO Box 100 Miami, AZ 85539 520-473-6485 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Boilermakers Union, Local #4 294 Cowboy Ray Road PO Box 7170 Page, AZ 86040 928-645-1603
122 Boilermakers
Fax: 928-645-1604 http://www.bnap.com/locate/west.htm Occupational Fields: boilermaker Boilermakers Union, Local #627 2345 West Thomas Road Phoenix, AZ 85015 602-495-1282 Fax: 602-495-1391
[email protected] http://www.tubewelder.com Occupational Fields: boilermaker P-D Morenci Inc. PO Box 187 Morenci, AZ 85540 520-865-4521 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
ARKANSAS Boilermakers Union, Local #69 4515 West 61st Street Little Rock, AR 72209 501-565-0059 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
CALIFORNIA Boilermakers and Blacksmiths Union, Local #6 8440 Enterprise Way Oakland, CA 94621-1318 510-562-8006 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
COLORADO Boilermakers Union, Local #101 501 West 45th Avenue Denver, CO 80216 303-477-1063 Fax: 303-477-1054 http://www.bnap.com/locate/west.htm Occupational Fields: boilermaker
CONNECTICUT ABB C-E Service Inc. 200 Great Pond Drive PO Box 568 Windsor, CT 06095-0568 860-285-5400 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Boilermakers Union, Lodge #614-A 33 Sacred Heart Drive Groton, CT 06340 860-445-1120 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Northeast Area Boilermakers Union 297 Burnside Avenue East Hartford, CT 06108 860-569-8368 Fax: 860-291-0802
[email protected] http://www.bnap.com/locate/north.htm Occupational Fields: boilermaker
FLORIDA Boilermakers Union, Local #92 2260 Riverside Avenue Bloomington CA 92316 909-877-9382 Fax: 909-877-8318 http://www.bnap.com/locate/west.htm Occupational Fields: boilermaker Boilermakers Union, Local #549 2191 Piedmont Way Pittsburg, CA 94565 925-427-4121 Fax: 925-427-5980 http://www.bnap.com/locate/west.htm Occupational Fields: boilermaker
ABCD Contractors Inc. 2337 River Tree Circle Sanford, FL 332771 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Boilermakers Union, Local #199 2439 East 17th Street Panama City, FL 32405 904-763-6523 Occupational Fields: boilermaker SE Area Apprenticeship Program 6544 U.S. 41 Highway North, Suite 128B Apollo Beach, FL 33575-1089 813-641-3700
Boilermakers 123
Fax: 813-641-2726
[email protected] http://www.bnap.com/locate/south.htm Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Regis Maintenance Contractor 900 South Campbell Avenue Chicago, IL 60612 312-733-4100 Fax: 312-733-6762 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
GEORGIA Welding Services Inc. 2225 Skyland Court Norcross, GA 30071 770-449-1706 Fax: 770-729-8242 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Transco Inc. 55 East Jackson Boulevard Chicago, IL 60604 312-427-2818 Fax: 312-427-4975 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
HAWAII
INDIANA
Boilermakers Union, Local #204 1427 Dillingham Boulevard, #207 Honolulu, HI 96817 808-832-1563 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Boilermakers Union, Local #374 6333 Kennedy Avenue Hammond, IN 46323 219-845-1000 Fax: 219-989-3099 http://www.local374.org Occupational Fields: boilermaker
ILLINOIS Atlantic Plant Maintenance 2021 Spring Road, #530 Oak Brook, IL 60521 630-573-3890 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Boilermakers Union, Local #524 6616 Kennedy Avenue Hammond, IN 46323 219-844-1503 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Babcock and Wilcox Construction 4985 Varsity Drive Lisle, IL 60532-4144 630-963-0180 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Power Plant Services Inc. Boiler Department 2500 West Jefferson Fort Wayne, IN 46802 219-432-6716 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Brooks Erection and Construction 3314 State Route 162 PO Box 1246 Granite City, IL 62014 618-452-3000 Occupational Fields: boilermaker CBI Services Inc. 14107 South Route 59 Plainfield, IL 60544 815-439-6668 Fax: 815-439-6001 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
IOWA ABA Mechanical Contractors PO Box 805 Iowa City, IA 52240 Occupational Fields: boilermaker B.G. Brecke Mechanical Contractors 4140 F Avenue, NW Cedar Rapids, IA 52406 319-396-7055 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
124 Boilermakers
Bechtel Corporation PO Box 116 Palo, IA 52324 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Berry Industrial Maintenance 1950 Dodge Road, NE, Suite 101 Cedar Rapids, IA 52402 319-395-7452 Fax: 319-378-4252 Occupational Fields: boilermaker C. G. Johnson Boiler Company 3322 Nebraska Avenue Council Bluffs, IA 51501 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Davenport Machine and Foundry Company 1628 West Fourth Street PO Box 3339 Davenport, IA 52808 319-322-6201 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
913-281-5036 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Combustion Engineering Company Inc. 9822 Pflumm Road Lenexa, KS 66214 Occupational Fields: boilermaker CDI 5621 Kansas Avenue Kansas City, KS 66106 913-287-0334 Fax: 913-287-8404 Occupational Fields: boilermaker International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, Iron Ship Builders, Blacksmiths, Forgers and Helpers 824 State Avenue Kansas City, KS 66101-2502 913-621-1880 http://www.boilermakers.org Occupational Fields: boilermaker, shipbuilder, blacksmith, forger
Ragan Company 119 North Division Street Box 4228 Davenport, IA 52808 319-326-6224 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Piping and Equipment 3505 North Topeka PO Box 1065 Wichita, KS 67201 316-838-7511 Fax: 316-838-2014 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Winbco Tank Company 1200 East Main Street PO Box 618 Ottumwa, IA 52501 515-683-1855 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Ralle Inc. 1423 Southwest Boulevard Kansas City, KS 66103 913-236-9944 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
KANSAS Boilermaker National Training Center 1017 North Ninth Street Kansas City, KS 66101-2624 913-342-2100 http://www.bnap.com Occupational Fields: boilermaker Boilermakers National Manpower Reserve 753 State Avenue Kansas City, KS 66101-2516
Wheatland Mechanical Inc. 3515 North Topeka Street Wichita, KS 67219 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
KENTUCKY Boilermakers Union, Local #40 PO Box 887 Elizabethtown, KY 42702 270-769-3022 http://www.bnap.com/locate/south.htm Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Boilermakers 125
Caldwell Tanks Inc. 4000 Tower Road Louisville, KY 40219 502-964-3361 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
LOUISIANA Boilermakers Union, Local #582 1948 Beaumont Drive Baton Rouge, LA 70806 225-927-3710 http://www.bnap.com/locate/south.htm Occupational Fields: boilermaker
MARYLAND Bechtel Power Corporation 9801 Washingtonian Boulevard Gaithersburg, MD 20878 301-417-3000 Fax: 301-670-1677 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Meridian Construction Company 15732 Shady Grove Road Gaithersburg, MD 28077 301-670-1677 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Riggs Distler and Company Inc. 9411 Philadelphia Road Baltimore, MD 21237 410-633-0300 Fax: 410-633-2119 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
MASSACHUSETTS Boilermakers Union, Local #29 68 Sagamore Street North Quincy, MA 02171 617-328-8400 Fax: 617-328-7582 http://www.bnap.com/locate/north.htm Occupational Fields: boilermaker Riley Construction Inc. PO Box 488 Worchester, MA 01613 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
MICHIGAN Boilermakers Union, Local #169 5936 Chase Road Dearborn, MI 48126-2192 313-584-8520 http://www.bnap.com/locate/great.htm Occupational Fields: boilermaker Boilermakers Union, Local #169 1042 West Hampton Road Essexville, MI 48732 517-893-1087 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Pentecost Construction Company 200 East Hampton Street Marquette, MI 49855 906-228-5614 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
MINNESOTA Boilermakers Union, Local #647 2002 London Road Duluth, MN 55801 http://www.bnap.com/locate/great.htm Occupational Fields: boilermaker Boilermakers Union, Local #650 100 West Lyon Avenue Lake City, MN 55041 612-345-5472 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Cherne Contracting Corporation PO Box 975 Minneapolis, MN 55440 952-944-4300 Fax: 954-944-4399 http://www.cherne.com Occupational Fields: boilermaker
MISSOURI All Temp Inc. 4915 Stilwell Kansas City, MO 64120 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Babcock and Wilcox Construction 13600 Wyandotte Street Kansas City, MO 65145
126 Boilermakers
816-941-2073 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Boilermakers Union, Local #11 104 West Main PO Box 1286 East Helena, MT 59635 406-227-8757 Fax: 406-227-6721 http://www.boilermakers-district11.com Occupational Fields: boilermaker Commercial Mechanical Inc. 4920 East 59th Street Kansas City, MO 64130 816-444-2058 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Missouri River Basin Area Boilermakers Union, Local #83 5910 East 86th Street Kansas City, MO 64138 816-523-0306 http://www.bnap.com/locate/south.htm Occupational Fields: boilermaker Pullman Power Products 1575 North Universal Avenue, #230 Kansas City, MO 64120 816-231-7400 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Rand and Sons Construction 600 Northwest Libby Lane Lees Summit, MO 64063 816-246-4141 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Riley Construction Inc. 108 Northwest Business Park Lane Riverside, MO 64168 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Shamrad Metal Fabricators 801 Lafayette Street St. Joseph, MO 64503 816-279-6354 Fax: 816-364-2273 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Stadium Sheetmetal 11820 East 83rd Street PO Box 380145 Raytown, MO 64138 816-356-7620 Fax: 816-356-8901 Occupational Fields: boilermaker U.S. Boiler Services Inc. 1100 Main Street, #1500 PO Box 26565 Kansas City, MO 64196 816-842-6335 Occupational Fields: boilermaker U.S. Engineering 3433 Roanoke Road Kansas City, MO 64111 816-753-6969 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Williams Refractory Services 500 Northeast Clubhouse Drive Lees Summit, MO 64086 816-578-4293 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
NEBRASKA Construction Management Inc. 228 Main Street PO Box 400 Louisville, NE 68037 402-234-2666 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Plibrico Sales and Service Company 2815 North 11th Street Omaha, NE 68110 402-345-3223 Fax: 402-345-7933 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Team Industrial Services 2618 North 113th Street Omaha, NE 68164 402-493-8899 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Boilermakers 127
NEW JERSEY Boilermakers Union, Local #28 549 Broadway Bayonne, NJ 07002 201-437-2525 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Custodis-Cottrell PO Box 1500 Somerville, NJ 08876 908-685-4000 Fax: 908-685-4378 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
NEW YORK
330-753-4511 Fax: 330-860-1093 http://www.babcock.com Occupational Fields: boilermaker TLT Babcock Construction 260 Springside Drive 3480 West Market Street Akron, OH 44333 330-867-8540 Fax: 330-869-4819 http://www.tltbabcock.com Occupational Fields: boilermaker
OKLAHOMA
Boilermakers Union, Local #5 320 Northern Boulevard Great Neck, NY 11021 516-487-3404 Fax: 516-487-3453 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Boilermakers Union, Local #592 2310 West 41st Street Tulsa, OK 74107-6708 918-446-1419 Fax: 918-446-1410 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Boilermakers Union, Local #197 890 Third Street Albany, NY 12206 518-438-0718 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Braden Manufacturing 5199 North Mingo Road PO Box 1229 Tulsa, OK 74101 918-272-5371 Fax: 918-272-7414 http://www.braden.com Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Boilermakers Union, Local #200 80 Broadway Monticello, NY 12701 914-794-8240 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Construction and Turnaround Services PO Box 690327 Tulsa, OK 74169 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
NORTH CAROLINA International Brotherhood of Boilermakers Three Topsail Court Calabash, NC 28467-2586 910-996-2320 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Cylx Engineering and Construction Corporation Rural Route One, Box 537 PO Box 1087 Bartlesville, OK 74005 918-333-8835 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
OHIO Babcock and Wilcox Construction 20 South Van Buren Avenue PO Box 665 Barberton, OH 44203
OREGON Boilermakers Union, Local #72 4715 North Lagoon Avenue Portland, OR 97217
128 Boilermakers
503-289-7260 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
804-262-7257 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Boilermakers Union, Local #500 2515 Northeast Columbia Boulevard Portland, OR 97211 503-281-6887 Fax: 503-281-6168 http://www.bnap.com/locate/west.htm Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Utility Resources Inc. 11 Koger Center, #242 PO Box 1206 Norfolk, VA 23502 757-461-7706 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
WASHINGTON PENNSYLVANIA Thermal Engineering Company 201 North Fourth Avenue Royersford, PA 19468 610-948-5400 Fax: 610-948-5779 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
Boilermakers/Puget Sound Employers Apprenticeship and Training Trust 6700 East Marginal Way, #B-122 Seattle, WA 98108 206-624-4707 206-764-3884
[email protected] Occupational Fields: boilermaker, welder, metal fabricator
TEXAS Boilermakers Union, Local #132 2930 Gulf Freeway La Marque, TX 77568 409-938-8205 Fax: 409-938-8240 Occupational Fields: boilermaker Boilermakers Union, Local #531 1505 West Seventh Avenue Amarillo, TX 79101 806-376-8608 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
UTAH Boilermakers Union, Local #182 4707 South 300 West Murray, UT 84107 801-281-9988 Fax: 801-281-9990
[email protected] http://www.boilermakers182.com Occupational Fields: boilermaker
VIRGINIA Boilermakers Union, National Headquarters 3002 Lincoln Avenue Richmond, VA 23228
Boilermakers Union, Local #242 North 6404 Pittsburgh Spokane, WA 99207-7598 509-489-1891 Fax: 509-484-5731 http://www.bnap.com/locate/west.htm Occupational Fields: boilermaker Boilermakers Union, Local #502 4517 62nd Avenue, East Puyallup WA 98371 253-922-3020 Fax: 253-922-3029 http://www.502boilermakers.org Occupational Fields: boilermaker Fluor Daniel Hanford Industrial Maintenance M/S R2-88 PO Box 1500 Richland, WA 99352-1505 509-376-1523 Occupational Fields: boilermaker, welder, metal fabricator Seattle Boilermakers Apprenticeship Committee 1829 Boren Avenue Seattle, WA 98126 425-235-2483 Occupational Fields: boilermaker, welder, metal fabricator
Boilermakers 129
Tacoma Area Boilermakers 1742 Marker Street, Suite B Tacoma, WA 98402 253-272-7173 Occupational Fields: boilermaker, welder, metal fabricator Western States Area Boilermakers PO Box 6757 Lynnwood, WA 98036 425-745-9699 Fax: 425-745-9430 Occupational Fields: boilermaker, welder, metal fabricator
WISCONSIN Azco Inc. PO Box 567 Appleton, WI 54912 920-734-5791 http://www.azco-inc.com Occupational Fields: boilermaker Phillips Getschow Company 2860 Glenmore Road Green Bay, WI 54311 414-863-8000 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
WEST VIRGINIA Construction Trades Training Center 2307 Seventh Avenue Charleston, WV 25312-1811 304-346-3863 http://www.wvccl.org Occupational Fields: boilermaker Williams Union Boiler Company PO Box 425 Nitro, WV 25143 304-755-8171 Occupational Fields: boilermaker
CANADA NEW BRUNSWICK Occupational Certification PO Box 6000 Chestnut Complex Fredericton, NB E3B 5H1 506-453-2260 Fax: 506-453-5317
[email protected] Occupational Fields: boilermaker
BOOK ARTS WORKERS RELATED SECTIONS: artists and artisans, communications specialists, crafts and trades workers at living histori-
cal sites and farms, museum and gallery workers, printing industry workers Book arts workers design, compose, illustrate, print, and bind books, postcards, broadsides, and other printed products. For highly specialized, very fine publications, some or all of the work may be done by hand. Professionals in the trade frequently have a particular interest in creating publications similar to those produced during a period of history, such as the Middle Ages. Others create distinctive books with a contemporary look. Choosing the type of paper is an important step in designing a specialized publication. Highly skilled papermakers produce handmade paper suitable for use by artists, designers, or conservators. Using Asian and Western techniques, papermakers select and prepare appropriate fibers, make a paper pulp, add color, form the pulp into sheets, and dry and size it. Some specialize in decorated papermaking. Papermakers work with materials such as lye of vegetable ash, lime, tororo-aoi roots, gelatin, alum, pigments, and various natural fibers. Calligraphers use brushes, broad-edge pens, and other tools to produce elegant, handlettered text and decorative embellishments. They sometimes write entire books by hand. Calligraphers typically learn various alphabets and artistic styles. Illustrators design, draw, and color pictures to accompany text. Illuminators add artistic flair to a text with decorations such as silver, gold, vibrant colors, elaborate designs, or small pictures on the pages. Conservators preserve and restore books and other publications that are in danger of deteriorating. They often work on old, rare, or valuable editions for use in libraries and archives. They must be skilled in various procedures, such as sewing, cutting, paper drying, gold tooling and stamping, and binding. Bookbinders and other bindery workers operate and maintain machines that compile printed pages and bind them into completed books, magazines, directories, catalogs, and other publications. The sheets may need to be cut, collated, folded, stapled, glued, or stitched together, then trimmed and wrapped in paper jackets. A cover may also be attached. Some bookbinding companies specialize in repairing books and performing other services for libraries. A few very skilled bookbinders create unique or unusual bindings by hand, typically for limited editions; they also restore and bind rare books. Pamphlet binding workers specialize in leaflets and similar publications. Blank book binding workers produce publications with blank pages, such as note pads,
notebooks, diaries, and checkbooks. Manifold binding workers produce financial journals, ledgers, and other business forms. Some companies mass-produce publications, while others produce only a small number of specialized books annually. Workers who produce or restore unusual or old books need creativity, a broad knowledge of the way books are made, and an understanding of the history of book arts. Workers at small companies typically perform a variety of tasks and work on a wide array of publications. Workers at large shops often specialize in one or several aspects of the trade, such as operating a paper-cutting machine or adjusting and repairing equipment. Some of the machinery at large printing plants is complex enough to perform a series of operations and produce a finished publication; such equipment requires oversight and maintenance by knowledgeable workers. Bindery workers stand, bend, kneel, crouch, and lift heavy items. The work is often repetitious, and the environment is often noisy. Most bindery workers are employed at commercial printing plants, where projects are printed on contract for various publishers. Many bindery workers are employed at bindery trade shops, which do binding for printers who have no binderies or who are printing more than their binderies can handle. On-the-job training and apprenticeships are common ways of entering this trade. Typically the course of study runs for a year or more; it takes four years for apprentices to learn the complexities of restoring rare books and producing fine, collectible editions. Apprentices study typography, electronic publication techniques, the history of books and paper, drawing, book design, printing, letterforms, and other relevant topics. Artistic ability, a love of literature, imagination, and mechanical aptitude are desirable traits for this trade, and a background in graphic arts is helpful. In general an applicant should ■
■
■ ■ ■
130
be a high school graduate or hold a GED certificate be capable of working with accuracy and attention to detail have patience have good eyesight have exceptional manual dexterity
Book Arts Workers 131
APPRENTICESHIP SALARIES About 30 percent of the wage skilled workers earn.
POSTAPPRENTICESHIP SALARIES From about $9 an hour, up to $25 an hour. Earnings vary, depending on skill level, geographic location, and the type of shop.
JOB OUTLOOK Competition for jobs in handmade bookbinding and restoration is keen, and the opportunities for employment are limited. In addition, opportunities for bookbinders and bindery workers at large presses are expected to decline as demand for printed material slows. For more information on apprenticeships for book arts workers, contact local job centers, your state bureau of apprenticeship training, or the national organizations and individual programs listed below.
MASTER CRAFTSMAN PROFILE University of Iowa Apprenticeship Program Center for the Book 154 English-Philosophy Building Iowa City, IA 52242-1408 319-335-0438 http://www.uiowa.edu/~ctrbook
General Nature of the Job Pamela Spitzmueller teaches apprentices the art of book conservation, working on old books and papers to restore them to their original condition as much as possible. Apprentices learn bookbinding and other skills necessary for restoring or treating old books, including deacidifying or cleaning paper, mending paper, re-sewing books, rebinding books in appropriate materials such as cloth, leather, or paper, and making containers to house books. Apprentices also learn about documentation, providing written and photographic evidence of treatments so others can study the book’s condition and observe what was done. Most importantly, however, apprentices must master the hand skills necessary to actually perform the repair work. As Pamela states, “you need not only to learn the intellectual end of it, but you need the hands-on skills, and that only happens over time,” which explains why the apprenticeship program at the University of Iowa is four years long and entirely hands-on.
Book conservators need problem-solving and decision-making skills to determine time period accurately and to apply the appropriate sewing and binding styles. You need to enjoy doing detailed work with your hands— think of it as book surgery. A desire to preserve the past and an interest in the arts and history are important, as are patience and, needless to say, a love for books. Restraint and common sense weigh heavily as well; Pamela has found that some who acquire bookbinding skills wish to show off and do more than a book needs. This is why she wants her students to understand that “if you change one thing on it, it’s changed forever. You don’t want it to be obvious, but you also don’t want it to be deceptive.”
Typical Day Pamela arrives at work at 8:00 a.m. She reads her mail and checks her calendar, then helps a volunteer with a project. Today they focus on bookbinding and sewing techniques. Once the volunteer feels confident working on his own, Pamela turns to her apprentice. They work together, looking at various books, diagnosing problems, and discussing approaches for treatment, including the most practical way, the most economical, and the least time consuming. After lunch, Pamela, as head of the conservation department, deals with whatever comes her way. She writes reports, orders supplies, supervises the staff, and works on treatments. Pamela thinks one of the hardest things about teaching is finding projects suited to the apprentices’ capabilities. Sometimes a book will require repairs the apprentice isn’t ready to perform, so it’s a juggling act. Making old books usable while changing as little as possible is a daunting task, and the creative side of conservation—when she is faced with problems that haven’t been dealt with before—also poses challenges. Pamela says, “the field is relatively new, so there’s lots of room for people to do research because there are many things we don’t know the answers to yet. That’s why I think this is an exciting field for people to be going into today.” Pamela enjoys creating new solutions and feels she is contributing something of value to the profession. Pamela likes everything about being a book conservator and instructor. She feels the job is well balanced with hard days and easy days, and she enjoys working with a variety of books: “I can find anything interesting about whatever comes through, whether it’s a book about labor laws, or something about American Indians, or photographs of Iowa farm women. It’s all so different.” Her work is also meaningful to Pamela because she
132 Book Arts Workers
is preserving physical artifacts that are of historical and cultural importance.
visit conservation labs, intern, and study books on bookbinding. Do whatever it takes to gain knowledge.
Path to Becoming a Master
Future Goals
Pamela studied art and photography in college and decided to take a hand bookbinding class after a classmate showed her some hand-bound books. Pamela recalls, “I really don’t know why. I was fascinated by the fact that you could make a book by hand.” She knew nothing about book construction or bookbinding, but the more she learned, the more interested she became. She landed a hand-binding job in a library, enrolled in workshops, interned at a conservation lab, and eagerly soaked up as much knowledge as possible. With the university conservator position at the University of Iowa came the duty of teaching apprentices. Pamela believes her background in art has helped in her career. She uses her photography skills for documentation, her drawing skills for sketching ideas, and her art history knowledge helps her understand and appreciate the artifacts. When she was a child, Pamela’s father had a workshop in the basement, and Pamela remembers working with tools and making things with her hands, which are skills she continues to use.
Pamela wishes to continue conserving books and training apprentices. She’s happy with her job and doesn’t foresee any major changes. She feels she’s always learning, and as a conservator she sometimes sees more than a historian might because she actually takes books apart and studies them. This allows her to make observations and generalizations about books from certain time periods or particular locales. She may use this research to publish a book about the history of book structures. There are many job opportunities for book conservators. Conservators often go into private business and perform treatments for collectors or institutions, work for universities or libraries, teach, or perform bookbinding for private presses. As long as there are books, there will be a need for conservators and bookbinders. As Pamela says, “paper is not going to be going away.”
Salary Range Pamela’s apprentices earn a stipend of $18,000 a year along with full benefits. They cannot be enrolled as full-time students but can take classes here and there and teach classes through the continuing education department. Pamela believes entry-level book conservators with no prior experience can earn approximately $18,000 a year. Those with more experience can earn in the range of $40,000 to $50,000. Teaching is another way to supplement one’s income. Pamela feels the job outlook is good. She says, “as more and more people realize our collections are deteriorating, they’ll need more book conservators.” The field is small, however, and you must be willing to move around for work, proving yourself and building a reputation.
Advice If a career in book conservation appeals to you, Pamela suggests taking some bookbinding classes and gaining some experience. One class should tell you if you really want to restore old books and work with your hands day in and day out. It’s important to start acquiring hand skills as soon as possible because they take a long time to develop. Pamela stresses, “you have to be able to master controlling the materials and not have them control you.” Volunteer,
ARIZONA Waterleaf Mill and Bindery Pequeno Press PO Box 1711 Bisbee, AZ 85603 520-432-5924 http://www.mindspring.com/~patbooks Occupational Fields: bookbinder, papermaker, hand printer, paper artist
CALIFORNIA Moving Parts Press 10699 Empire Grade Santa Cruz, CA 95060-9474 408-427-2271 Fax: 831-458-2810
[email protected] http://www.movingpartspress.com Occupational Fields: bookbinder, bookmaker, printer, publisher
COLORADO Inter-Ocean Curiosity Studio 2998 South Bannock Englewood, CO 80110 303-789-0282
Book Arts Workers 133
[email protected] Occupational Fields: papermaker, hand printer
DELAWARE Edward L. Stansell Book Arts 2525 Ebright Road Wilmington, DE 19810-1125 302-475-1534 Occupational Fields: bookbinder
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Folger Shakespeare Library 201 East Capitol Street, SE Washington, DC 20003 202-544-4600 Fax: 202-544-4623 http://www.folger.edu Occupational Fields: bookbinder, book conservator
INDIANA Graphic Communications International Union, Local #303 1010 Main Street Indianapolis, IN 46224-6941 317-244-1572 Occupational Fields: bookbinder
IOWA Iowa, University of Center for the Book 216 North Hall Iowa City, IA 52242319-335-0447 Fax: 319-353-2872
[email protected] http://www.uiowa.edu/~ctrbook Occupational Fields: bookbinder, calligrapher, book conservator, printer, papermaker Iowa, University of, Libraries Administrative and Access Services 150 North Riverside Drive Iowa City, IA 52242 319-335-1727 http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byform/mailing-lists/ cdl/1992/0248.html Occupational Fields: book conservator, bookbinder, book repairer
Pam Spitzmueller Book Arts 711 Second Avenue Iowa City, IA 52245 319-335-5908 Occupational Fields: bookmaker, book conservator
KENTUCKY Jean Buescher Book Arts 629 1/2 Garrard Street Lovington, KY 41011 606-581-6672 Occupational Fields: bookmaker, papermaker, wood and linoleum artist
MASSACHUSETTS North Bennet Street Vocational School 39 North Bennet Street Boston, MA 02113 617-227-0115 http://www.nbss.org Occupational Fields: bookbinder, book conservator Northeast Document Conservation Center 100 Brickstone Square Andover, MA 01810-1494 978-470-1010 Fax: 978-475-6021
[email protected] http://www.nedcc.org Occupational Fields: book conservator William W. Streeter Book Arts 78 Masonic Street Northampton, MA 01060 413-584-2544 Occupational Fields: bookbinder, boxmaker, leather crafter
NEW YORK Center for Book Arts 28 West 27th Street, 3rd Floor New York, NY 10001 212-481-0295
[email protected] http://www.minsky.com/cbaclass.htm Occupational Fields: bookbinder, boxmaker, restorer, book conservator, papermaker
134 Book Arts Workers
Dieu Donne Papermill Inc. 433 Broome Street New York, NY 10013 212-226-0573 Fax: 212-226-6088 http://www.dieudonne.org Occupational Fields: papermaker, paper artist Guild of Book Workers 521 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10175 http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byorg/gbw Occupational Fields: bookbinder, printer, book conservator, marbler, papermaker Metropolitan Museum of Art Thomas J. Watson Library 1000 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10028 212-879-5500 http://www.metmuseum.org Occupational Fields: bookbinder, boxmaker, library processor Richard Minsky Book Arts 15 Bleeker Street New York, NY 10012 212-228-7491 http://www.minsky.com Occupational Fields: bookbinder, bookmaker, curator, exhibit judge, fund-raiser Robbin Ami Silverberg Book Arts 50-52 Dobbin Street Brooklyn, NY 11222 718-388-9631 Occupational Fields: bookbinder, papermaker, paper artist Visual Studies Workshop 31 Prince Street Rochester, NY 14607 716-442-8676 http://www2.rpa.net/~vsw Occupational Fields: bookmaker, boxmaker, lithographer Women’s Studio Workshop Summer Arts Institute PO Box 489 Rosendale, NY 12472
914-658-9133 http://www.wsworkshop.org Occupational Fields: bookbinder, boxmaker, hand printer, screen printer, offset printer
NORTH CAROLINA Penland School of Crafts PO Box 37 Penland, NC 28765 828-765-2359 Fax: 828-765-7389
[email protected] http://www.penland.org Occupational Fields: bookbinder, papermaker, printer
OHIO Graphic Communications International Union, Local #199-B 2621 East Third Street Dayton, OH 45403-2020 937-256-2491 Occupational Fields: bookbinder
OREGON Alexander McBirney Book Arts 2780 Capitol Drive Eugene, OR 97403 503-344-2539 Occupational Fields: bookbinder, leather crafter
PENNSYLVANIA Fine Bookbinder 50 Burke Street Plains, PA 18705 717-821-7050 Occupational Fields: bookbinder, paper decorator, calligrapher University of the Arts Philadelphia College of Art and Design 320 South Broad Street Philadelphia, PA 19102 800-616-ARTS http://www.uarts.edu Occupational Fields: printmaker, lithographer, hand printer, screen printer, papermaker
Book Arts Workers 135
William Minter Book Arts Rural Delivery One, Box 99 Woodbury, PA 16695-9516 814-793-4020 Occupational Fields: bookbinder, book conservator, paper conservator, restorer
TEXAS J. Sobota Book Arts 6306 Fisher Road, #105-3 Dallas, TX 75214 214-368-6063 Occupational Fields: bookbinder, book conservator, book restorer
WASHINGTON Colophon Book Arts Supply 3611 Ryan Street SE Lacey, WA 98503 360-459-2940 Fax: 360-459-2945
[email protected] http://home.earthlink.net/~colophon Occupational Fields: papermaker, paper decorator Sea Pen Press and Papermill 2228 Northeast 46th Street Seattle, WA 98105 206-522-3879 Occupational Fields: papermaker, printer, paper decorator
CANADA ALBERTA Graphic Communications International Union, Local #255C #211 10319-106 Avenue Edmonton, AB T5H - OP4 780-426-0624 Fax: 780-423-3642
[email protected] http://www.geocities.com/edmontongciu Occupational Fields: printer
BRITISH COLUMBIA Graphic Arts Training Institute of British Columbia 101- 33 E. 8th Avenue Vancouver, BC V5T 1R5 604-879-4423 http://www.gatiofbc.org Occupational Fields: printer, bookbinder, book conservator, restorer
ONTARIO Ontario Graphic Communications Training Centre 80 Park Lawn Road, Suite 109 Toronto, ON M8Y 3H8 416-251-5449 Fax: 416-251-5449 http://www3.sympatico.ca/graph.comm/aboutus.html Occupational Fields: printer, bookbinder
BRICKLAYERS RELATED SECTIONS: carpenters, electricians and line workers, masons, operating engineers and stationary
engineers, painters and paperhangers, pipe trades workers, plasterers, tile setters Bricklayers construct fireplaces, chimneys, walls, partitions, floors, walkways, and other structures of brick, concrete, cinder blocks, gypsum blocks, structural tile, and terra-cotta. Refractory masons are bricklayers who install firebrick in boilers, furnaces, and other high-temperature equipment; they often work in steel mills. Sandblasters clean the surface of brick, stone, and other materials with blasts of compressed air mixed with abrasives, such as sand. Tuck-pointers use putty and mortar to finish or repair the joints between bricks and stonework. Bricklayers read blueprints, measure the construction area, align the cornerstones, cut bricks with power saws and other tools, dip bricks in water, mix mortar, apply mortar with trowels, set bricks in mortar, and smooth off the mortar in the joints. They must continually check to ensure that the bricks are perfectly aligned. Bricklayers also install structural parts, such as steel lintels around doors and windows. General contractors and other construction firms employ many bricklayers. A large number of bricklayers are self-employed; these workers tend to focus on patios, fireplaces, and other small-scale projects. Skilled workers may be promoted to supervisory positions or take employment as estimators. Much of the work is done outdoors, often in hot or cold weather, and it involves a great deal of heavy lifting, bending, kneeling, and standing. There is some danger of injury from working with power tools. Bricklayers often need to climb ladders, work on scaffolding to build walls, and walk across rooftops to work on chimneys. Apprenticeship is a common way of entering this trade. Apprentices receive on-the-job training under the supervision of experienced bricklayers. Usually they start by mixing mortar, building scaffolds, and performing other simple tasks for about a month. Later they learn to apply mortar and set bricks. They also receive at least 144 hours of classroom training in courses such as mathematics, mechanical drawing, sketching, and blueprint reading. The apprenticeship typically lasts three or four years, but the learning period continues for some time afterward. In general an applicant should ■ ■
■ ■
be a high school graduate or hold a GED certificate be physically able to perform the work
APPRENTICESHIP SALARIES Between $6 an hour and $15 an hour at the beginning of the program and between $13 an hour and $30 an hour at the end.
POSTAPPRENTICESHIP SALARIES From less than $12 an hour to more than $30 an hour. Earnings vary widely, depending on the weather, amount of construction in the area, and experience of the worker. The median hourly wage is about $20.
JOB OUTLOOK Average growth expected through the year 2012. Brick and stone will likely remain popular exterior finishes because they are durable and need little maintenance. In addition, job opportunities should be excellent as a result of many job openings that occur when workers retire or transfer to other occupations. For more information on apprenticeships for bricklayers, contact local building contractors, unions, job centers, your state bureau of apprenticeship training, or the national organizations and individual programs listed below.
NATIONAL PROGRAMS The International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers National Training Center PO Box 755 Cascade, MD 21719 800-562-7464
[email protected] http://www.bacweb.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer The International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers 1776 I Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 202-783-3788
apply in person be at least 17 years old 136
Bricklayers 137
http://www.bacweb.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer
APPRENTICESHIP PROFILE Iowa Bricklayers Union, Local #3 Joint Apprenticeship Training Council 1211 Wiley Boulevard, SW Cedar Rapids, IA 52404 319-396-7953
General Nature of the Job Bricklayers lay brick, but that’s not all. Bricklayers also lay block, stone, marble, and granite, and they cut the brick and stone and wash down the brick. Math skills are important, especially knowledge of fractions, and you need to have a good eye—when the blueprints tell you the bricks must reach a height of 25 3/8 inches, you’d better be right on. Bricklayers are always on their feet, standing or bending over, and there are times when they work in confined spaces or from heights. Bricklayers work indoors and outdoors on both residential and commercial projects, which means one day you could be working on a house’s fireplace and the next day on an office building’s facade. The Iowa Bricklayers Union’s apprenticeship program takes four years to complete. The program begins in March with a seven-week training session that teaches the basics of bricklaying in a shop atmosphere. The remainder of the program is devoted to learning on the job. Throughout the program, apprentices are required to complete so many hours laying brick, so many hours on the saw, so many hours washing down, and so forth, and when they graduate and become journeymen bricklayers, they’ll have a solid, well-rounded background.
Typical Day Brett Roehlk’s workday begins at 7:00 a.m. On this particular day, Brett prepares to wash down the brick on a wall he finished the day before. He and a partner mix acid and water in buckets, wearing rubber gloves to protect their hands, then use hoses to wet down the brick and spray on the acid-water mix. Using brushes and rubbing stones, they scrub down the wall, cleaning off stray chunks of mortar. When they are finished, Brett moves on to the table saw to cut brick. He has one hundred different cuts to make, ensuring that he will be covered with dust. After lunch, they lay down the brick he has cut, putting mortar on the trowel, buttering the bricks, and striking the joints. Around 3:00 p.m., they begin cleaning up. If it looks like rain, they cover the walls, but today the skies are clear.
While some may consider working in all kinds of weather conditions a drawback, Brett prefers working outdoors: “I’ve been working outdoors for ten years now, and I don’t know what I’d do if I had to be cooped up inside an office all day.” In the winter, work areas are often enclosed and heated, which makes the 30-degree temperatures more bearable. You end up eating a lot of powder and dust from cutting, however, which isn’t healthy for your lungs, and there’s not much you can do about the constant strain on your back and arms. Brett doesn’t know many bricklayers who haven’t been to chiropractors, and carpal tunnel syndrome from the repetitive motion of buttering bricks is not unheard of. If you’re careful, though, you should have plenty of good years for bricklaying. Brett is satisfied with his trade choice of bricklaying. The salary and benefits are good, and Brett feels he has job security. He likes the company he works for, and with his skills, experience, and union support, he has confidence he will always be employable. Most importantly, though, Brett gets a sense of accomplishment from his work: “You do the work and then after it’s all done you look back at it and you can see what you’ve done. And it’s going to be there for a heck of a long time.”
Path to Becoming an Apprentice Brett became interested in bricklaying when he worked alongside bricklayers as a laborer. Laborers do whatever tasks need to be done, taking orders from others. While Brett enjoyed the work, he wanted to go into a trade so he could be more focused and skilled. He chose bricklaying because he liked how the finished product looked. His employer told him about the apprenticeship program, and after submitting his high school transcripts and application and completing the interview process, Brett entered the program. Although Brett was preoccupied with sports in high school, he believes algebra and math helped ready him for bricklaying. Sometimes he wonders if he shouldn’t have become an electrician or a pipe fitter, but then he thinks about how much he enjoys being a bricklayer and how much he’s learning every day and is happy with his choice.
Salary Range At the commencement of the program, apprentices receive 55 percent of journeyman wage. After six months the rate moves up to 60 percent of journeyman wage, continuing up the scale until completing the program, when the apprentice earns a journeyman’s card and full pay, which is $26.70 an hour in the Cedar Rapids, Iowa, area. There is no master level in bricklaying, but foremen generally earn one dollar
138 Bricklayers
an hour more than a journeyman and also receive paid vacation. Iowa bricklayers get a pension but do not receive medical benefits, which Brett doesn’t mind because his wife’s work provides health benefits for the family. Brett feels salaries will stay in line with inflation in the future, and despite the growing industry of prefabricated homes, he thinks the job outlook is favorable for bricklayers. His company is currently busy and there is no sign that business will diminish. Most new buildings use brick or stone in some form or another, so Brett isn’t worried.
ASARCO USWA PO Box 98 Hayden, AZ 85235 520-356-7811 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers Union, Local #3 2602 East Washington Street Phoenix, AZ 85034 602-273-7571 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
Advice Brett’s advice for those interested in bricklaying is to take it seriously because it will be your livelihood. Soak in as much knowledge as you can because your employer will notice. It’s important to show concern for your work and take pride in it. When learning the fundamentals of bricklaying, Brett suggests: “Don’t worry about your speed, worry about your quality. The speed will eventually come to you.”
Future Goals Brett wouldn’t mind being a foreman in the future but wants to wait until his children are a bit older: “I feel like I want to be organized, and there are times you have to run to the shop first thing in the morning before you can go to your job, and if someone messes up on the job you’re ultimately responsible for it so you have to keep an eye on things. Right now I don’t feel I have the time to devote myself to it.” Brett hasn’t thought much beyond the foreman level, but feels the opportunities are abundant. He can go into management, become a contractor, learn more about blueprints and design, or move anywhere in the country to use his skills.
ALASKA Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen Union, Local #1 407 Denali Street Anchorage, AK 99501-2615 907-277-5133 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
ARIZONA Arizona Masonry Contractors Association 1803 North 40th Street, Suite 100 Phoenix, AZ 85008 602-840-9239 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
ARKANSAS Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen, Local #1 of Arkansas Little Rock Bricklayers, Pointers, Cleaners, & Caulkers 504 South Victory Little Rock, AR 72201 501-372-3532 Occupational Fields: bricklayer, tile layer, marble mason, terrazzo worker, pointer caulker
CALIFORNIA Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 9350 Flair Drive, #201 El Monte, CA 91731 818-573-0032 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen Santa Clara and San Benito Counties Bricklayers 461 Park Avenue, Room 5 San Jose, CA 95110-2618 408-297-1717 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 16642 Covello Street Van Nuys, CA 91406 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftsworkers, Local #3 8400 Enterprise Way, Room 103 Oakland, CA 94621 800-281-8781 http://www.bac3-ca.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer
Bricklayers 139
Bricklayers and Allied Craftsworkers, Local #18 556 North Diamond Bar Boulevard, Suite 201 Diamond Bar, CA 91765 909-396-6700 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
Bricklayers and Masons Union, Local #2 145 East First Street Jacksonville, FL 32206 904-354-0262 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
Bricklayers and Tilelayers Union 2710 Karen Place Bakersfield, CA 93307-5204 805-832-0255 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
Florida West Coast Trowel Trades 4602 West Martin Luther King Boulevard Tampa, FL 33614 813-879-2521 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
Bricklayers and Tilesetters Union 6321 North Cedar Avenue Fresno, CA 93710-5733 209-261-9807 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers Union 180 Potrero Avenue San Francisco, CA 94103 415-863-5127 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
GEORGIA Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 1907 Heckle Street Augusta, GA 30901 706-736-1432 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen, Local #4 820 High Street Macon, GA 31201 912-746-3088 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Bricklayers and Allied Craftsworkers, National Headquarters 1776 I Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 202-783-3788 http://www.bacweb.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer Genco Masonry Inc. 815 Connecticut Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20006 301-657-3340 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen, Local #8 1323 Stewart Avenue, SW Atlanta, GA 30310 404-755-3593 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen, Local #16 720 Third Avenue Columbus, GA 31901 706-323-4886 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
HAWAII FLORIDA Associated Builders and Contractors, Gulf Coast Chapter 2008 North Himes Avenue Tampa, FL 33607 813-879-8064 Fax: 813-876-1970 http://www.abcflgulf.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer
Hawaii Masons and Plasterers Training Office 2251 North School Street Honolulu, HI 96819 808-845-5949 Occupational Fields: bricklayer, mason, cement finisher, plasterer, pointer caulker Masons Training Office, Wailuku 1464 Lower Main Street Wailuku, HI 96793
140 Bricklayers
808-244-9504 Occupational Fields: bricklayer, pointer caulker, plasterer, cement finisher, mason
Bricklayers and Stone Masons Union 220 South Ashland Avenue Chicago, IL 60607 312-666-0909 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
ILLINOIS Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers District Council 1 1950 W. 43rd Street Chicago, IL 60609 773-650-1894 http://www.bacillinoisdistrictcouncil.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers Union, Local #6 4477 Linden Road, Suite E Rockford, IL 61109 815-874-1817
[email protected] http://www.bac6il.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers Union, Local #8 2901 Research Road Champaign, IL 61822 217-356-0419 Fax: 217-356-0694 http://www.bac8il.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers Union, Local #56 27W130 Roosevelt Road Winfield, IL 60190 630-653-5920 Fax: 630-653-5975 http://www.bac8il.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers Union, Local #67 6425 S. Central Avenue Chicago, IL 60638 773-884-6500 Fax: 773-735-9815 http://www.67bac.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Plasterers Union 6422 South Cass Avenue Westmont, IL 60559-3209 630-781-7521 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
Bricklayers School 2201 West Walnut Street Chicago, IL 60612 312-421-1818 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Masons and Bricklayers Union, Local #21 203 North Wabash Avenue Chicago, IL 60601-2406 312-236-5662 Occupational Fields: sandblaster, bricklayer Tri-City Bricklayers 520 24th Street PO Box 4925 Rock Island, IL 61204 309-788-7406 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
INDIANA Bricklayers, Masons, and Tile Setters Union, Local #3 620 North East Street Indianapolis, IN 46202 317-631-3600 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 23626 North Wells Street Fort Wayne, IN 46808 219-482-1121 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 890 East 25th Avenue Gary, IN 46407 219-962-5797 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 2112 South Third Street PO Box 2205 Terre Haute, IN 47802 812-232-1492 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
Bricklayers 141
Bricklayers and Masons Union, Local #25 824 Royal Street Columbus, IN 47203-1157 812-378-0669 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers Union, Local #6 410 East Columbus Drive East Chicago, IN 46312 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers Union, Local #19 4405 South Eaton Avenue Muncie, IN 47302 765-284-2926 Occupational Fields: bricklayer GM Powertrain Training Programs PO Box 271 Bedford, IN 47421 812-279-7261 Occupational Fields: bricklayer International Union of Bricklayers 1657 Commerce Drive, #1B South Bend, IN 46628-1542 219-233-9997 Occupational Fields: bricklayer International Union of Bricklayers, Local #4 2041 Broadway Anderson, IN 46012 800-322-2830 Fax: 765-683-9225 http://www.baclocal4.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer
IOWA Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 2425 Delaware Avenue Des Moines, IA 50317-3581 515-262-7445 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Iowa Bricklayers Union, Local #3 1211 Wiley Boulevard, SW Cedar Rapids, IA 52404 319-721-6145 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
KANSAS Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 746 Osage Avenue Kansas City, KS 66105-2040 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers Union, Local #3 5830 Southeast 44th Street PO Box 5117 Tecumseh, KS 66542-9701 913-379-0550 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
LOUISIANA Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 360 Roselawn Avenue Baton Rouge, LA 70806-3333 504-383-2842 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
MARYLAND Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen, Local #1 5200 Westland Boulevard Arbutus, MD 21227-2360 410-536-2005 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftsworkers, International Masonry Institute The James Brice House 42 East Street Annapolis, MD 21401 410-280-1305 Fax: 301-261-2855 http://www.imiweb.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen, Local #1 4725 Silver Hill Road Suitland, MD 20746 301-599-9720 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Parkinson Construction Company 3905 Perry Street Brentwood, MD 20722 301-985-6080 Fax: 301-985-6083 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
142 Bricklayers
MASSACHUSETTS Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen Union, Local #3 550 Medford Street Charlestown, MA 02129-1405 617-242-5507 Fax: 617-242-0021 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers Union 64 Mount Vernon Street Dorchester, MA 02125 617-825-5011 Occupational Fields: bricklayer International Masonry Institute, Massachusetts 84 Myron Street Springfield, MA 01089 413-737-5999 Occupational Fields: bricklayer, tuckpointer, restoration worker
MICHIGAN Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 241 East Saginaw Street, #402 Lansing, MI 48823 517-333-9978 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 10807 Lockwood Drive Lowell, MI 49331 616-897-8844 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 119 South Front Street Marquette, MI 49855-4642 906-226-3015 Fax: 906-226-5252 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 1400 West Genesee Avenue Saginaw, MI 48602 517-755-6000 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 5300 West Michigan Avenue Ypsilanti, MI 48197-9047 313-434-4153 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers Union, Local #1 21031 Ryan Road Warren, MI 48091 586-754-0888 Fax: 586-754-5889 http://www.bricklayers.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers Union, Local #9 3321 Remy Drive Lansing, MI 48906 517-886-2221 Fax: 517-886-5450 http://www.bac9mich.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers Union, Local #32 21031 Ryan Road Warren, MI 48091 586-757-5325 http://www.mich.com/~tileman/local32.html Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Masons Union 15999 West 12 Miles Road Southfield, MI 48076-7159 810-552-0888 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
MINNESOTA Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 10312 Cemetery Road Otisville, MI 48463 810-631-6931 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 315 James Avenue, SE Grand Forks, MN 56721 218-773-8156 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
Bricklayers 143
Bricklayers and Cement Masons 111 Washington Street, NE Brainerd, MN 56401 218-829-1970 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Stone Masons Union 312 Central Avenue, SE, Suite 328 Minneapolis, MN 55414-1088 612-379-2966 Fax: 612-379-8754 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Tile Setters Union 2002 London Road Duluth, MN 55812-2144 218-724-8374 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
MISSOURI Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 2214 East Truman Road Kansas City, MO 64127 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 6388 Graham Road St. Louis, MO 63134 314-521-7066 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers Union, Local #1 2000 Market Street St. Louis, MO 63103-2210 314-621-5560 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers Union, Local #10 414 South Grant Avenue Springfield, MO 65806-2006 417-869-7951 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers Union, Local #23 815 Enterprise Street Cape Girardeau, MO 63703-7515 573-334-8181 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
MONTANA Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen Union, Local #24 115 North 28th Street PO Box 556 Billings, MT 59103-0556 406-256-3016 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
NEBRASKA Bricklayers Union, Local #2 4625 Y Street Lincoln, NE 68503-2355 402-466-2602 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers Union, Local #1 4046 Vinton Street Omaha, NE 68105-3843 402-558-5665 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
NEVADA Bricklayers and Tilesetters Union 1150 Terminal Way Reno, NV 89502 702-323-5451 Occupational Fields: bricklayer, tile setter Bricklayers and Tilesetters Union, Local #13 3640 South Highland Drive Las Vegas, NV 89103 702-873-0332 Fax: 702-873-0809 Occupational Fields: bricklayer, tile setter
NEW JERSEY International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers Local #5 3281 Route 206, Suite 3 Bordentown, NJ 08505 609-324-0500 Fax: 609-324-1505
[email protected] http://www.bac5nj.net Occupational Fields: bricklayer
144 Bricklayers
NEW MEXICO Bricklayers and Tilesetter Union, Local #2 4400 Silver Avenue, SE Albuquerque, NM 87108-2817 505-266-0692 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
NEW YORK Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers Union, Local #1 66-05 Woodhaven Boulevard Rego Park, NY 11374 718-459-5800 http://www.bac1ny.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers Union, Local #2 302 Centre Drive Albany, NY 12203 518-456-5477 Fax: 518-456-7420
[email protected] http://www.bac2.org/index2.html Occupational Fields: bricklayer Eastern Contractors Association Six Airline Drive Albany, NY 12205-1004 518-869-0961 Fax: 518-869-2378 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
OHIO Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers, Local #5 4205 Chester Avenue Cleveland, Ohio 44103 216-361-1652 Fax: 216-361-1675
[email protected] http://www.bricklayerslocal5ohio.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers, Northern Ohio District Council 1600 Sprague Road, Suite 275 Middleburg Heights, OH 44130 440-234-4070 Fax: 440-234-4077
[email protected] http://www.noadc97.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer
OKLAHOMA Bricklayers and Allied Craftsworkers, Local #5 Bricklayers Union Hall 212 Northeast 27th Street Oklahoma City, OK 73105-2715 405-528-5609 http://www.baclocal5okartx.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers Union 1810 North Lewis Tulsa, OK 74110 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
OREGON Oregon and Southwest Washington Cement Masons 20210 Southwest Teton Tualatin, OR 97062 503-691-9618 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Oregon and Southwest Washington Mason Trades 2215 Southeast Division Street Portland, OR 97202 503-232-0358 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
PENNSYLVANIA Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen Union 1101 East Erie Avenue Philadelphia, PA 19124-5423 215-289-4550 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers Union, Local #1 4020 Kensington Avenue Philadelphia, PA 19124-4447 215-856-5905 Fax: 215-856-9515 http://www.bac1pa-de.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer
RHODE ISLAND Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen 2158 Plainfield Pike, #2 Cranston, RI 02921 401-946-9940 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
Bricklayers 145
Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen, Local #1 150 Ernest Street Providence, RI 02905 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
SOUTH DAKOTA Bureau of Apprenticeship Training 2400 West 49th Street Sioux Falls, SD 57105-6558 605-330-4326 http://www.state.sd.us Occupational Fields: bricklayer
TEXAS Bricklayers and Allied Craftsmen, Local #1, Office City 7151 Office City Drive Houston, TX 77087-2746 713-645-3339 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Bricklayers and Allied Craftsworkers District Council, Texas International Masonry Institute 9105 Edgebrook Street Houston, TX 77075-1241 713-941-5668 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
VIRGINIA Calvert Masonry Inc. 308 Calvert Avenue Alexandria, VA 22301 703-519-7014 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
360-384-7296 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corporation Mead Works 2111 East Hawthorne Road Mead, WA 99021 509-468-5483 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Seattle Area Bricklayers, Local Union #2 330 Fairview Avenue, North Seattle, WA 98109 206-624-5481 Occupational Fields: bricklayer Seattle Cement Masons 552 Denny Way, Suite 102 Seattle, WA 98109 206-441-9386 Fax: 206-441-9018 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
WEST VIRGINIA Construction Trades Training Center 2307 Seventh Avenue Charleston, WV 25312-1811 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
WISCONSIN Ballou Masonry Inc. 2113 Shears Court PO Box 477 Beloit, WI 53512-0477 608-365-2791 Fax: 608-365-4021 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
WASHINGTON Inland Northwest Masonry Apprenticeship Committee East 102 Boone, Suite 101 Spokane, WA 99202 509-327-2774 Occupational Fields: bricklayer INTALCO Aluminum Corporation PO Box 937 Ferndale, WA 98248
International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers District Council of Wisconsin PO Box 510617 New Berlin, WI 53151 262-827-4080 Fax: 262-827-4090
[email protected] http://www.bacwi.org Occupational Fields: bricklayer
146 Bricklayers
Milwaukee Area Bricklayers 5900 West Center Street Milwaukee, WI 53210 414-445-3180 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
CANADA ALBERTA Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers, Local #1 10576 104th St NW Edmonton, AB T5H 2W1 780-426-7545 Fax: 780-425-9201 http://www.bricklayersunion.zip411.net/en Occupational Fields: bricklayer
NEW BRUNSWICK Department of Training and Employment Development Apprenticeship and Occupational Certification PO Box 6000 Chestnut Complex Fredericton, NB E3B 5H1 506-453-2260 Fax: 506-453-5317
[email protected] Occupational Fields: bricklayer
ONTARIO Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers, Local #6 3454 Sandwich Street Windsor, ON N9C 1B3 519-256-3070 Fax: 519-256-3070 http://www.mnsi.net/~local6 Occupational Fields: bricklayer
BUSINESS WORKERS RELATED SECTIONS: communications specialists
other forms of publicity, and personal selling. Advertising executives devise campaigns to persuade customers to purchase the company’s products. Public relations specialists write press releases and perform other functions to ensure that the company maintains a positive public image. Some marketers, such as literary agents and music booking agents, sell the work of artists and other clients instead of promoting their own goods and services. Office workers typically spend most of their time in comfortable offices, but sometimes the surroundings are crowded and noisy. They risk carpal tunnel syndrome, eyestrain, back problems, and other disorders from working at computer stations for hours at a time. They sometimes work overtime to meet deadlines and may deal with considerable stress. Office workers often learn through on-the-job training and may be promoted to managers as their skills improve. Under the supervision of managers or experienced workers, trainees learn skills in a variety of subjects, such as accounting, marketing, computer operations, and business law. Seminars and other forms of continued training are frequently offered throughout the employee’s career. In general an applicant should
Many workers are necessary to keep the nation’s businesses, nonprofit organizations, and government offices running smoothly and productively. Most companies are led by top executives, general managers, supervisory managers, and a board of directors who plan, direct, and coordinate the general performance of the business and its chief departments. Large organizations often have a hierarchy of managers overseeing teams of workers in specific areas of business operations. Small businesses frequently have only one or a few workers, who might be responsible for a variety of duties. Managers usually have an area of specialization. For example, human resources managers (sometimes called personnel, training, and labor relations specialists and managers) hire employees, arrange for workers to receive training, and attend to other matters related to employment. Retail managers ensure that their stores operate profitably and that their customers receive satisfactory service. Clerical supervisors and managers coordinate the efforts of clerical and administrative workers. They have various job titles, depending on their particular duties, such as customer service supervisor or office manager. These managers ensure that office machines are kept in good condition, that enough office supplies are always on hand, that the staff is working efficiently, that deadlines are met, and that communication is maintained among the workers in the office. They interview, train, supervise, and write performance evaluations regarding a variety of clerks, cashiers, and other employees. Business workers have a wide variety of duties, such as keeping financial accounts, preparing payrolls, raising funds through grant writing and other endeavors, organizing events, sorting mail, operating computers, helping customers, designing Internet sites, keeping track of inventory, coordinating transportation of goods, and purchasing materials. To operate at a profit, a business must keep its products in the public eye. Marketing and sales managers specialize in promoting the company’s goods and services and delivering them to customers. Marketers are interested in discovering what products and services customers want, how much customers will pay, how wholesalers and retailers fit into the system of delivering those goods and services, and what sales techniques will best convince customers to make the purchase. When communicating with customers, marketers employ advertising, news releases and
■
■ ■ ■ ■
be a high school graduate or hold a GED certificate have good communications skills have a tidy appearance be detail-oriented be able to work as a member of a team
APPRENTICESHIP SALARIES About 50 percent of the wage skilled workers earn.
POSTAPPRENTICESHIP SALARIES About $8 an hour, up to $25 or more an hour plus benefits for managers. Earnings vary, depending on skill level, job title, geographic area, product, and size of the company.
JOB OUTLOOK Employment is expected to grow more slowly than the average occupation through 2012. In addition, competition will be keen for openings that do become available, especially for supervisory and managerial positions. 147
148 Business Workers
For more information on apprenticeships for business workers, contact the individual programs listed below, local job centers, your state bureau of apprenticeship training, or local businesses.
Occupational Fields: business owner, business manager, business worker
APPRENTICESHIP PROFILE NATIONAL PROGRAMS American Management Association 1601 Broadway New York, NY 10019-7420 212-586-8100 Fax: 212-903-8168 http://www.amanet.org Occupational Fields: business owner, business manager, business worker International Association of Administrative Professionals 10502 NW Ambassador Drive PO Box 20404 Kansas City, MO 64195-0404 816-891-6600 Fax: 816-891-9118
[email protected] http://www.iaap-hq.org Occupational Fields: business owner, business manager, business worker Legal Secretaries International Inc. 2302 Fannin Street, Suite 500 Houston, TX 77002 http://www.legalsecretaries.org Occupational Fields: legal secretary NALS Inc. 314 East Third Street, Suite 210 Tulsa, OK 74120 918-582-5188 Fax: 918-582-5907 http://www.nals.org Occupational Fields: legal secretary, law firm office manager, lawyer National Management Association 2210 Arbor Boulevard Dayton, OH 45439 937-294-0421 Fax: 937-294-2374
[email protected] http://www.nma1.org
Labor Source—Imagine! Employment Specialist Apprenticeship Imagine! 1400 Dixon Ave Lafayette, CO 80026-2790 303-665-7789 Fax: 303-665-2648 http://www.imaginecolorado.org
General Nature of the Job An employment specialist apprentice at Labor Source spends six months supervising and working alongside clients with developmental disabilities at businesses in the community. Apprentices also learn about behavior management, positive reinforcement theories, and federal regulations, such as the Americans with Disabilities Act. Self-defense (physical intervention is sometimes necessary) and sign language classes are available, and apprentices must learn computer software, including a marketing program used to establish new business contacts. Upon completion of the program, apprentices become employment specialists and work at Labor Source for a minimum of six months. Labor Source is located in Boulder, Colorado, and is a division of Imagine!, an organization dedicated to offering support to those with cognitive, developmental, physical, or health-related needs. Employment specialists work closely with staff members, social workers, and people with developmental disabilities, so you need to be a people person. Patience is key because you’ll come across challenging behaviors. Observation skills and the ability to communicate simply and directly will help you, as will creativity and adaptability, since unpredictable situations will arise. You should be personable and approachable and have a desire to help others.
Typical Day Steve Quinlan arrives at Labor Source at 8:00 a.m. Today’s shift is not a difficult one, and Steve doesn’t expect any behavior problems. He gets his three clients together, and they head out to the job site, an apartment complex in town. They spend the morning cleaning the grounds and the hallways, vacuuming and sweeping. He takes them to lunch, and afterwards they go to the park for an hour. After he takes the clients home, Steve returns to the office
Business Workers 149
and spends the rest of the day completing paperwork and helping staff members. He fills out the shift book, noting any behavioral episodes, reads his e-mail, and readies some forms for a client’s annual review. One of Steve’s first challenges was learning to work with people with developmental disabilities. He says, “it’s a little intimidating at first because you don’t know what to expect. You’ve heard about all their behaviors and how to deal with them, but it’s a whole different story establishing a rapport with them.” It’s also tough matching a client’s capabilities with the right job, but it’s all worth it when you see the clients succeed, he says. Steve likes the variety involved in his work—he does something different every day, and there’s flexibility and freedom to develop his own ideas. His coworkers provide an open, supportive network and are fun to work with. Though it’s hard work, Steve doesn’t mind because the rewards are many. It makes him feel good to help others. He admits that societal feedback can be negative; when he started his job his friends gave him a hard time, and there are those who believe the developmentally disabled are not capable of working. While Steve finds this frustrating, he chooses to focus on the positive and prove the naysayers wrong.
Path to Becoming an Apprentice Steve laughs when he recalls how he became interested in working as an employment specialist. Steve worked at burger joints while attending college, and when he graduated with a degree in philosophy, he didn’t have much direction. He saw an advertisement for the apprenticeship program in the newspaper and thought it sounded interesting. Before applying, however, Steve did some soul searching: “I had to ask myself if I thought I would be able to do it, and I don’t think it’s even something you can answer until you do it. I guess it was kind of chancy, but it certainly worked out well because I love it.” When he was a child, Steve wanted to become a veterinarian, so the desire to help others, be it animals or humans, has always been there. Steve baby-sat frequently in high school, and he thinks this taught him effective and creative ways to handle children. He recalls coaxing a child with ice cream in order to take his prescribed medicine. Little did Steve know how helpful this technique of edible reinforcement would be.
Salary Range You won’t get rich as an employment specialist, but people don’t go into this field for the money. Steve earned $9.50 an hour while in training. Because the county funds Labor
Source, Steve received full benefits after three months. Now that Steve is a full-fledged employment specialist, he earns $10.00 an hour. Performance reviews are conducted every three or six months, so Steve figures he will receive periodic raises. Coordinators at Labor Source are salaried and earn in the range of $20,000 to $30,000 a year, and case managers can earn anywhere from $30,000 to $40,000. Steve feels the job outlook is strong. There are many people who need help, whether it’s in supported employment, community living, or education. An employment specialist can go into social work, counseling, case management, sign language interpretation, or any field where helping people is the focus. Steve notes “it says something about who you are to have done something like this” and feels there are ample job opportunities.
Advice Though Steve claims he had no idea what he wanted to do after college, it’s clear he’s always had a desire to help others. You need to be a giving, caring person in this line of work. Steve advises, “You have to ask yourself: ‘Am I a fundamentally patient person?’ and ‘Am I able to handle all kinds of things going on at once?’” He suggests volunteering and working with the developmentally disabled, the physically disabled, or any population who needs special attention. Steve currently volunteers in a program mentoring troubled youths and finds he’s constantly learning.
Future Goals Steve plans to continue working for Labor Source for another year or so, then return to school for a master’s degree in social work, which is something he never considered during his undergraduate years. He’s not sure if he will continue working with the developmentally disabled or exactly what he wants to do when he finishes school, but he says, “I think I steered myself in the right general direction as far as helping people who need assistance. My goals are certainly a lot more defined than when I started working here.” Steve is still in his early twenties and knows there’s plenty of time for exploration. One thing is for sure, though—he’ll be helping people all along the way.
CALIFORNIA Calpine Container Inc. 2955 Farrar Avenue Modesto, CA 95354-4187 209-526-9414 Occupational Fields: sales manager, shipping clerk, receiving clerk, container assembler
150 Business Workers
Central Valley Opportunity Center, Madera 209 Seventh Street Madera, CA 93638 559-662-4574 http://www.cvoc.org Occupational Fields: business owner, business manager, business worker Central Valley Opportunity Center, Merced 6838 Bridget Court PO Box 1389 Winton, CA 95388 209-357-0062 http://www.cvoc.org Occupational Fields: business owner, business manager, business worker Central Valley Opportunity Center, Modesto 912 11th Street Modesto, CA 95354 209-577-3210 http://www.cvoc.org Occupational Fields: business owner, business manager, business worker Keller Media International Inc. 3579 East Foothill Boulevard, Suite 327 Pasadena, CA 91107 818-795-2646 Occupational Fields: literary agent, publicist, marketer, book packager, public relations specialist Merced County Department of Workforce Investment, Los Banos 848 Sixth Street Los Banos, CA 93635 209-826-7241 http://web.co.merced.ca.us/wi Occupational Fields: computer operator, secretary Merced County Department of Workforce Investment, Merced 1020 West Main Street Merced, CA 95340 209-724-2000 Fax: 209-725-3592 http://web.co.merced.ca.us/wi Occupational Fields: computer operator, secretary
Siemens Rolm Communications Inc. 5201 Great America Parkway Santa Clara, CA 95054-1129 408-970-6900 http://www.siemens.com/USA Occupational Fields: customer representative
COLORADO Labor Source Imagine! 1400 Dixon Ave Lafayette, CO 80026-2790 303-665-7789 Fax: 303-665-2648 http://www.imaginecolorado.org Occupational Fields: human resources specialist
DELAWARE University of Delaware Museum Studies Program 301 Old College Newark, DE 19716-2558 302-831-1251 Occupational Fields: public relations specialist, fund-raiser, catalog producer
FLORIDA Capital Internet Group 150 South Andrews Avenue, Suite 200 Pompano Beach, FL 33069 954-788-0700 Occupational Fields: marketer, researcher, investment banker Nickelodeon Studios Florida 3000 Universal Studios Florida Orlando, FL 32819 407-363-8500 Occupational Fields: marketer, public relations specialist, bookkeeper, administrator, engineer
GEORGIA Ryder TRS Inc. 3607 Parkway Lane, Suite 300 Norcross, GA 30092
Business Workers 151
770-449-7575 Occupational Fields: transportation coordinator, inventory control
INDIANA J&J Constructors 102 North Main, Suite One Liberty, IN 47353 317-458-5683 Occupational Fields: construction department manager Jack D. Cook General Contractors 2000 Kimberly Drive Marion, IN 46952 317-664-4172 Occupational Fields: construction department manager, construction supervisor
KANSAS A/S/K Associates Inc. PO Box 3885 Lawrence, KS 66046-0885 913-841-8194 Occupational Fields: computer operator Stewarts of Wichita Inc. 415 East Douglas Avenue Wichita, KS 67202-3407 316-264-1525 Occupational Fields: jeweler
MARYLAND Henry A. Wallace Institute for Alternative Agriculture 9200 Edmonston Road, Suite 117 Greenbelt, MD 20770 301-441-8777 Occupational Fields: marketer
MASSACHUSETTS Engage Technologies 100 Brickstone Square Andover, MA 01810 978-684-3884 Occupational Fields: Internet specialist, interactive media specialist, database specialist
NEVADA Desert Appraisal Service 8045 South Fourth Street Las Vegas, NV 89101-6708 702-385-1414 Occupational Fields: real estate appraiser
NEW JERSEY Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Route One and College Road, East PO Box 2316 Princeton, NJ 08543-2316 609-452-8701 Occupational Fields: foundation administrator
NEW MEXICO Santa Fe Opera Personnel Office Santa Fe, NM 87504-2408 505-986-5955 http://www.santafeopera.org Occupational Fields: events coordinator, gift shop assistant, donor benefits intern, VIP intern, special events intern
NEW YORK Association of Theatrical Press Agents and Managers 1560 Broadway, Suite 700 New York, NY 10036-2501 212-719-3666 Fax: 212-302-1585
[email protected] http://www.atpam.com Occupational Fields: manager, press agent Web Zeit 411 Lafayette Street, 6th Floor New York, NY 10003 212-460-0587 http://www.webzeit.com Occupational Fields: Internet specialist, graphic designer, web site developer, marketer Xemu Records 19 West 21st Street, Suite 503 New York, NY 100010 212-807-0290
152 Business Workers
http://www.xemu.com Occupational Fields: radio analyst, public relations specialist, marketer, advertising executive, music booking agent
OHIO Ohio Department of Natural Resources 2045 Morse Road Columbus, OH 43229 614-265-6998 http://www.dnr.state.oh.us Occupational Fields: public relations specialist, marketing specialist, computer operator
TEXAS Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation 777 Main Street, #3800 Fort Worth, TX 76102-5384 817-333-2000 http://www.bnsf.com Occupational Fields: manager Cross Timbers Permaculture Institute Route One, Box 210-A Glen Rose, TX 76043 817-897-4025 Occupational Fields: grant writer
VIRGINIA Globescope Internet Services 11 Dupont Circle, NW, Suite 200 Washington, DC 20036 202-872-1050 202-478-5144 http://www.globescope.com Occupational Fields: Internet specialist, marketer
WISCONSIN Wisconsin Department of Regulation and Licensing PO Box 8935 Madison, WI 53708-8935 608-266-2112
[email protected] http://drl.wi.gov Occupational Fields: real estate salesperson, realtor
VIRGIN ISLANDS Havensight Secretarial Services Two Buccaneer Mall, Suite 202 St. Thomas, VI 00802 340-776-3424 Occupational Fields: office manager
CANADA Texas Association of Real Estate Inspectors PO Box 90745 Austin, TX 78709 512-370-1977
[email protected] http://www.tarei.com Occupational Fields: real estate inspector Texas Real Estate Commission PO Box 12188 Austin, TX 78711-2188 512-459-6544 http://www.trec.state.tx.us Occupational Fields: real estate inspector United Workers Union 610 West Elizabeth Street Brownsville, TX 78520 956-541-4874 Occupational Fields: tax return preparer
ONTARIO Ontario Internship Program Ontario Government Information and Referral 800-267-8097, 416-326-1234 http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/common/contact. html Occupational Fields: business & financial planning, labor relations, human resources, policy development, information & information technology, communications, contract & service management Summer Company/Entrepreneurship Ministry of Economic Development and Trade 56 Wellesley Street, 5th Floor Toronto, ON M7A 2E7 800-387-5656
[email protected] http://www.ontariocanada.com/ontcan/en/youth/ youth/ye_summer-company.jsp Occupational Fields: small business management
CARPENTERS RELATED SECTIONS: bricklayers, crafts and trades workers at living historical sites and farms, drywallers and
lathers, electricians and line workers, elevator constructors, floor layers, glaziers and glass makers, insulators and asbestos workers, laborers, masons, millwrights, operating engineers and stationary engineers, painters and paper hangers, pile drivers, pipe trades workers, plasterers, roofers and waterproofers, tile setters Carpenters participate in almost every type of construction. They help build, repair, and remodel buildings, roads, bridges, docks, boats, airports, and other structures. They saw, shape, and fasten wood and similar materials; install subflooring, partitions, rafters, molding, paneling, cabinets, window and door frames, and hardware; build forms for poured concrete; and sometimes install linoleum and other floor coverings. They work with a broad array of hand tools and power tools, including saws, hammers, tape measures, screwdrivers, levels, drills, pry bars, sanders, chisels, and T-squares. Some carpenters perform a wide variety of work, while others specialize in one area, such as framing or building forms for concrete. Cabinetmakers usually specialize in one area, such as bench working, detailing, or operating a shaping machine. They work in residential and commercial buildings, where they cut, shape, and assemble cabinets, molding, panels, furniture, and other wood products. They also work with plastic, glass, and metal parts for such products as display cases and store fixtures. They often produce unique items that require significant craftsmanship. Woodworkers use machines to shape and form wood into products such as dowels for furniture, carved items for adding a decorative touch to buildings, equipment such as baseball bats, or special pieces for musical instruments. They work from blueprints and drawings, often for manufacturing companies. Some work in mills, where they handle bulky, heavy materials. Interior systems carpenters install framing, office cubicles, furniture, acoustical ceilings, and other materials and equipment in commercial buildings. Construction contractors and managers help plan, organize, and supervise the many aspects of a construction project. They are also known as construction superintendents, general contractors, and subcontractors. They may own the construction company, be employees, or be individuals who have contracted with the organization that is supervising the project. Generally, carpenters begin a project by reading blueprints or hearing instructions from supervisors or clients. They must pay close attention to detail, take exact measurements, and know which materials to use to meet building codes. After cutting and shaping the building materials, they assemble them with nails, screws, staples, glue, or
other adhesives. Some projects are done with prefabricated materials that require little design and cutting. The work involves heavy lifting, bending, kneeling, standing, climbing ladders, and walking on scaffolds and rooftops. Carpenters work both indoors and outdoors, often in inclement weather and in dusty, noisy surroundings. There is risk of injury from working with loud, sharp tools; sharp or splintery materials; and from slipping, falling, or lifting improperly. In
