General Chemistry

SELECTED SOLUTIONS MANUAL Lucio Gelmini

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Robert W. Hilts

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Robert K. Wismer

GENERAL CHEMISTRY Principles and Modern Applications Eighth Edition

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Petrucci Harwood Herring

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Editor in Chief: John Challice Project Manager: Kristen Kaiser Executive Managing Editor: Kathleen Schiaparelli Assistant Managing Editor: Dinah Thong Production Editor: Megan L. Williams Supplement Cover Manager: Paul Gourhan Supplement Cover Designer: PM Workshop Inc. Manufacturing Buyer: Lisa McDowell Photography Credits: Martin Bond/Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers - Chemical Design/Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers - Oxford Molecular Biophysics Laboratory/Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers - David Parker/IMI/Univ o f Birmingham/Science Photo - Library/Photo Researchers Richard Megna/Fundamental Photographs - Ed Degginger/Color-Pic, Inc - Ed Degginger/Color-Pic, Inc

0 2002

by Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

Printed in the United States of America

ISBN

0-1 3-01 7684-2

Prentice-Hall International (UK) Limited, London Prentice-Hall of Australia Pty. Limited, Sydney Prentice-Hall Canada, Inc., Toronto Prentice-Hall Hispanoamericana, S.A., Mexico City Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi Pearson Education Asia Pte. Ltd., Singapore Prentice-Hall of Japan, Inc., Tokyo Editora Prentice-Hall d o Brazil, Ltda., Rio de Janeiro

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In the process of writing this manual, we have incurred many debts of gratitude. The deepest, without question, are to our wives, Sanny Chan and Cornelia Bica, not only for tolerating with good cheer our extended absences from the home during the twelve-month period over which the manual was prepared, but also for carefully poring over the chapters and finding errors that had eluded the authors and all of the other accuracy checkers. Our wives, above all others, are glad to see the ordeal end and normal family life return. We must commend Dr. David Shim for the tremendous effort he put into thoroughly checking each and every solution in the manual. Put simply, David Shim's comments and corrections were invaluable to us. Also lending enormous assistance was Dr. Ralph Petrucci. During the course of the project, we asked Dr. Petrucci innumerable questions, some of a highly complex nature, and, each and every time, he expeditiously fired us back a comprehensive answer. Hats off to you Ralph for a job well done!

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Some help with proofreading and keying in corrections was provided by Dr. Dusan RisticPetrovic. We thank Dr. Geoff Hemng for providing us with a solution to Question 87 in Chapter 12. We are grateful to Kristen Kaiser and John Chalice at Prentice Hall for their help and encouragement throughout the enterprise. Any errors or misinterpretations contained in this manual are solely our responsibility. We have done our best to make this manual error free, but because of its great size and complexity, some errors undoubtedly have gone undetected. Any errors that come to light will, of course, be dealt with during the next round of corrections. Finally, we would like to extend a very special thanks to the administration of Grant MacEwan College for allowing us to use the college's in-house computing and printing facilities to prepare the this manual. Robert W. Hilts Lucio Gelmini

July 2001 Edmonton, Alberta, Canada